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How to Adjust a Dual Flush Toilet Mechanism
1. Draining the Tank 1-1. Flush the toilet to determine if you need more or less water. Start off by getting a baseline of your toilet’s flushing mechanism. Press the half flush button, and then the full flush when the tank completely refills. If the flush seems weak, then you need more water. If the flush seems too strong then dial the water level back. If you’ve had problems with your toilet clogging, then you probably need more water for a stronger flush. A telltale sign that your flush is too strong is that there is a lot of water left in the bowl when you hear the “glug” sound of the toilet flushing. The bowl should be nearly empty when you hear that sound. If the water is still above the drain hole when you hear the "glug," reduce the toilet's flush level. 1-2. Drain the water from the toilet tank. Find the hose behind the toilet leading into the wall. Turn the valve on it clockwise until it stops to cut off the water. Then, hit the large flush button on your toilet to drain the tank. There might still be some water on the bottom of the tank. Don’t worry, the tank doesn’t have to be completely empty. 1-3. Remove the top lid of the toilet tank and place it on a flat surface. The lid isn’t connected to the tank, so simply lift it off. Place it on a flat surface so it won’t fall over, and move it somewhere safe where you won’t step or trip over it while you’re working. Some dual flush systems use sticks on the lid to press the flush mechanism. If your lid has sticks like these, then lay it on its side to avoid damaging them. 1-4. Find the fill line inscribed on the inside of the tank. All toilet tanks have a fill line. This indicates where the water should rise to after a flush. Adjusting the water level below or above that line affects the power of the flush. Raising the water level above that line gives you a more powerful flush by letting more water out. Lowering the water level weakens the flush. If your toilet was not originally a dual-flush, then you almost certainly have to readjust the mechanism to fill differently. 2. Adjusting the Valves 2-1. Unlock the clip on the fill valve so you can adjust it. The fill valve is the tube with an arm extending out to a cup, and it controls the water level in the tank. To unlock the valve, reach behind the tube until you feel a notch on the back. Push this notch counterclockwise to free the valve. The notch can be hard to reach. If you’re having trouble, use a long screwdriver to push the notch instead. 2-2. Raise the valve height to increase the water or lower it to decrease it. With the valve unlocked, you can raise or lower it by hand. Raising the valve increases the water level and lowering it decreases the level. Depending on what you need, push the valve in the corresponding direction to adjust the flush. Re-lock the notch when you’re finished. It takes a bit of trial and error to get the valve position right. Try going 1 inch (2.5 cm) in the direction you need, then making adjustments later on if you need to. 2-3. Adjust the ball valve to match the new height of the fill valve. The ball valve looks like an arm that reaches out and connects to a float, which helps the tank refill. There is a screw at the end of the arm, right before it curves downward to connect to the float. Take a Phillips head screwdriver and twist the screw clockwise to raise it and counterclockwise to lower it. Adjust it so it matches the level of the fill valve. Some mechanisms don’t require a screwdriver, and you can just turn the dial by hand. In this case, turn the dial clockwise with your fingers. If you lowered the valve a lot, the float on the ball valve may have popped out of the cup. Just realign it when you lower back in to the cup. 2-4. Raise the overflow valve if you increased the water level. The tank may overflow if you raise the fill valve above the overflow valve. This valve is a tube that sits between the fill and flush valves. It’s the smallest one in the tank. Bring the overflow valve up to the same level as the fill valve to prevent spills. Use a screwdriver and press down on the clip holding the overflow down and slide it out. Then, push the notch in to unlock the valve. Pull the overflow valve up until it’s even with the fill valve. Pull the notch back out and insert the clip to lock it in place. You only have to make this adjustment if the flush valve is higher than the overflow valve. If it’s not, then leave the overflow valve where it is. 2-5. Test the toilet flush to see if it needs further adjustment. With all the valves adjusted, turn the water back on. Hit both flush buttons a few times and see if the flushes are the correct power. If not, go back and readjust the valves further. It might take 2 flushes for the water level in the tank to reach the point you adjusted it to, so try a few times to see how the new mechanism flushes. You want to make sure the height adjustment is at its proper height to be able to hit the mechanism that triggers it to flush the water. You don’t have to put the lid back on to flush the toilet. If the flush button is on the lid, just hit the buttons inside the tank to flush the toilet. Tips The instructions may vary slightly between different products. Always read the manual that comes with your toilet, or contact that manufacturer directly for the precise instructions.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:15", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Draining the Tank\\n1-1. Flush the toilet to determine if you need more or less water.\\nStart off by getting a baseline of your toilet’s flushing mechanism. Press the half flush button, and then the full flush when the tank completely refills. If the flush seems weak, then you need more water. If the flush seems too strong then dial the water level back.\\nIf you’ve had problems with your toilet clogging, then you probably need more water for a stronger flush.\\nA telltale sign that your flush is too strong is that there is a lot of water left in the bowl when you hear the “glug” sound of the toilet flushing. The bowl should be nearly empty when you hear that sound. If the water is still above the drain hole when you hear the \\\"glug,\\\" reduce the toilet's flush level.\\n1-2. Drain the water from the toilet tank.\\nFind the hose behind the toilet leading into the wall. Turn the valve on it clockwise until it stops to cut off the water. Then, hit the large flush button on your toilet to drain the tank.\\nThere might still be some water on the bottom of the tank. Don’t worry, the tank doesn’t have to be completely empty.\\n1-3. Remove the top lid of the toilet tank and place it on a flat surface.\\nThe lid isn’t connected to the tank, so simply lift it off. Place it on a flat surface so it won’t fall over, and move it somewhere safe where you won’t step or trip over it while you’re working.\\nSome dual flush systems use sticks on the lid to press the flush mechanism. If your lid has sticks like these, then lay it on its side to avoid damaging them.\\n1-4. Find the fill line inscribed on the inside of the tank.\\nAll toilet tanks have a fill line. This indicates where the water should rise to after a flush. Adjusting the water level below or above that line affects the power of the flush.\\nRaising the water level above that line gives you a more powerful flush by letting more water out. Lowering the water level weakens the flush.\\nIf your toilet was not originally a dual-flush, then you almost certainly have to readjust the mechanism to fill differently.\\n2. Adjusting the Valves\\n2-1. Unlock the clip on the fill valve so you can adjust it.\\nThe fill valve is the tube with an arm extending out to a cup, and it controls the water level in the tank. To unlock the valve, reach behind the tube until you feel a notch on the back. Push this notch counterclockwise to free the valve.\\nThe notch can be hard to reach. If you’re having trouble, use a long screwdriver to push the notch instead.\\n2-2. Raise the valve height to increase the water or lower it to decrease it.\\nWith the valve unlocked, you can raise or lower it by hand. Raising the valve increases the water level and lowering it decreases the level. Depending on what you need, push the valve in the corresponding direction to adjust the flush. Re-lock the notch when you’re finished.\\nIt takes a bit of trial and error to get the valve position right. Try going 1 inch (2.5 cm) in the direction you need, then making adjustments later on if you need to.\\n2-3. Adjust the ball valve to match the new height of the fill valve.\\nThe ball valve looks like an arm that reaches out and connects to a float, which helps the tank refill. There is a screw at the end of the arm, right before it curves downward to connect to the float. Take a Phillips head screwdriver and twist the screw clockwise to raise it and counterclockwise to lower it. Adjust it so it matches the level of the fill valve.\\nSome mechanisms don’t require a screwdriver, and you can just turn the dial by hand. In this case, turn the dial clockwise with your fingers.\\nIf you lowered the valve a lot, the float on the ball valve may have popped out of the cup. Just realign it when you lower back in to the cup.\\n2-4. Raise the overflow valve if you increased the water level.\\nThe tank may overflow if you raise the fill valve above the overflow valve. This valve is a tube that sits between the fill and flush valves. It’s the smallest one in the tank. Bring the overflow valve up to the same level as the fill valve to prevent spills. Use a screwdriver and press down on the clip holding the overflow down and slide it out. Then, push the notch in to unlock the valve. Pull the overflow valve up until it’s even with the fill valve. Pull the notch back out and insert the clip to lock it in place.\\nYou only have to make this adjustment if the flush valve is higher than the overflow valve. If it’s not, then leave the overflow valve where it is.\\n2-5. Test the toilet flush to see if it needs further adjustment.\\nWith all the valves adjusted, turn the water back on. Hit both flush buttons a few times and see if the flushes are the correct power. If not, go back and readjust the valves further.\\nIt might take 2 flushes for the water level in the tank to reach the point you adjusted it to, so try a few times to see how the new mechanism flushes.\\nYou want to make sure the height adjustment is at its proper height to be able to hit the mechanism that triggers it to flush the water.\\nYou don’t have to put the lid back on to flush the toilet. If the flush button is on the lid, just hit the buttons inside the tank to flush the toilet.\\nTips\\nThe instructions may vary slightly between different products. Always read the manual that comes with your toilet, or contact that manufacturer directly for the precise instructions.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Dual flush toilets have two flush options. A half flush uses less water for liquid waste, and a full flush uses a normal amount of water for solid waste. These options help save water and lower your utility bill. The dual flush mechanism sometimes needs adjustment to give you the ideal flush. Fortunately, this is an easy job. You can do it in just a few minutes with only a screwdriver and no technical knowledge.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Draining the Tank\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Flush the toilet to determine if you need more or less water.\", \"描述\": \"Start off by getting a baseline of your toilet’s flushing mechanism. Press the half flush button, and then the full flush when the tank completely refills. If the flush seems weak, then you need more water. If the flush seems too strong then dial the water level back.\\nIf you’ve had problems with your toilet clogging, then you probably need more water for a stronger flush.\\nA telltale sign that your flush is too strong is that there is a lot of water left in the bowl when you hear the “glug” sound of the toilet flushing. The bowl should be nearly empty when you hear that sound. If the water is still above the drain hole when you hear the \\\"glug,\\\" reduce the toilet's flush level.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Drain the water from the toilet tank.\", \"描述\": \"Find the hose behind the toilet leading into the wall. Turn the valve on it clockwise until it stops to cut off the water. Then, hit the large flush button on your toilet to drain the tank.\\nThere might still be some water on the bottom of the tank. Don’t worry, the tank doesn’t have to be completely empty.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the top lid of the toilet tank and place it on a flat surface.\", \"描述\": \"The lid isn’t connected to the tank, so simply lift it off. Place it on a flat surface so it won’t fall over, and move it somewhere safe where you won’t step or trip over it while you’re working.\\nSome dual flush systems use sticks on the lid to press the flush mechanism. If your lid has sticks like these, then lay it on its side to avoid damaging them.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find the fill line inscribed on the inside of the tank.\", \"描述\": \"All toilet tanks have a fill line. This indicates where the water should rise to after a flush. Adjusting the water level below or above that line affects the power of the flush.\\nRaising the water level above that line gives you a more powerful flush by letting more water out. Lowering the water level weakens the flush.\\nIf your toilet was not originally a dual-flush, then you almost certainly have to readjust the mechanism to fill differently.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Valves\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unlock the clip on the fill valve so you can adjust it.\", \"描述\": \"The fill valve is the tube with an arm extending out to a cup, and it controls the water level in the tank. To unlock the valve, reach behind the tube until you feel a notch on the back. Push this notch counterclockwise to free the valve.\\nThe notch can be hard to reach. If you’re having trouble, use a long screwdriver to push the notch instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Raise the valve height to increase the water or lower it to decrease it.\", \"描述\": \"With the valve unlocked, you can raise or lower it by hand. Raising the valve increases the water level and lowering it decreases the level. Depending on what you need, push the valve in the corresponding direction to adjust the flush. Re-lock the notch when you’re finished.\\nIt takes a bit of trial and error to get the valve position right. Try going 1 inch (2.5 cm) in the direction you need, then making adjustments later on if you need to.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjust the ball valve to match the new height of the fill valve.\", \"描述\": \"The ball valve looks like an arm that reaches out and connects to a float, which helps the tank refill. There is a screw at the end of the arm, right before it curves downward to connect to the float. Take a Phillips head screwdriver and twist the screw clockwise to raise it and counterclockwise to lower it. Adjust it so it matches the level of the fill valve.\\nSome mechanisms don’t require a screwdriver, and you can just turn the dial by hand. In this case, turn the dial clockwise with your fingers.\\nIf you lowered the valve a lot, the float on the ball valve may have popped out of the cup. Just realign it when you lower back in to the cup.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Raise the overflow valve if you increased the water level.\", \"描述\": \"The tank may overflow if you raise the fill valve above the overflow valve. This valve is a tube that sits between the fill and flush valves. It’s the smallest one in the tank. Bring the overflow valve up to the same level as the fill valve to prevent spills. Use a screwdriver and press down on the clip holding the overflow down and slide it out. Then, push the notch in to unlock the valve. Pull the overflow valve up until it’s even with the fill valve. Pull the notch back out and insert the clip to lock it in place.\\nYou only have to make this adjustment if the flush valve is higher than the overflow valve. If it’s not, then leave the overflow valve where it is.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Test the toilet flush to see if it needs further adjustment.\", \"描述\": \"With all the valves adjusted, turn the water back on. Hit both flush buttons a few times and see if the flushes are the correct power. If not, go back and readjust the valves further.\\nIt might take 2 flushes for the water level in the tank to reach the point you adjusted it to, so try a few times to see how the new mechanism flushes.\\nYou want to make sure the height adjustment is at its proper height to be able to hit the mechanism that triggers it to flush the water.\\nYou don’t have to put the lid back on to flush the toilet. If the flush button is on the lid, just hit the buttons inside the tank to flush the toilet.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"The instructions may vary slightly between different products. Always read the manual that comes with your toilet, or contact that manufacturer directly for the precise instructions.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,403
How to Adjust a Football Mouthpiece
1. Steps 1-1. Fill saucepan with water and bring water to a boil. 1-2. Remove water from heat source. Let water stand for 30 seconds. 1-3. Place football mouthpiece in water for 90 seconds. Do not exceed heating time. 1-4. Carefully remove mouth guard from hot water with a slotted spoon. 1-5. Cool mouth guard under tap water for one second only to bring surface temperature to a comfortable level. Quickly proceed to step 6. 1-6. Carefully place football mouthpiece around all upper teeth. Bite down firmly into mouth guard while, suck in strongly and use fingers to press edges of mouth guard into teeth and gum line through the lips and cheeks (continue for 20 seconds). 1-7. Remove the football mouthpiece and cool under tap water for 30 seconds. Replace into mouth and test for a good firm fit. 1-8. Repeat steps 1 through 5 if fit is not accurate. Tips If the mouthpiece is too big take a sharp pair of scissors and cut off the excess length. Make sure you are comfortable with your mouthpiece. There are good and bad ones. Find the one that suits you most. Warnings Even with allowing the mouthpiece to cool, it still will be quite warm, especially for people with sensitive mouths. If the mouthpiece does not have a strap what connects to the helmet there is a chance of choking on the mouthpiece.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:15", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Fill saucepan with water and bring water to a boil.\\n\\n1-2. Remove water from heat source.\\nLet water stand for 30 seconds.\\n1-3. Place football mouthpiece in water for 90 seconds.\\nDo not exceed heating time.\\n1-4. Carefully remove mouth guard from hot water with a slotted spoon.\\n\\n1-5. Cool mouth guard under tap water for one second only to bring surface temperature to a comfortable level.\\nQuickly proceed to step 6.\\n1-6. Carefully place football mouthpiece around all upper teeth.\\nBite down firmly into mouth guard while, suck in strongly and use fingers to press edges of mouth guard into teeth and gum line through the lips and cheeks (continue for 20 seconds).\\n1-7. Remove the football mouthpiece and cool under tap water for 30 seconds.\\nReplace into mouth and test for a good firm fit.\\n1-8. Repeat steps 1 through 5 if fit is not accurate.\\n\\nTips\\nIf the mouthpiece is too big take a sharp pair of scissors and cut off the excess length.\\nMake sure you are comfortable with your mouthpiece. There are good and bad ones. Find the one that suits you most.\\nWarnings\\nEven with allowing the mouthpiece to cool, it still will be quite warm, especially for people with sensitive mouths.\\nIf the mouthpiece does not have a strap what connects to the helmet there is a chance of choking on the mouthpiece.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Recommended for most youth players under the age of 11. In order for a youth football mouthpiece to protect, fit, and last, it must be worn properly on the teeth and gums as indicated in the fitting instructions. If any mouth guard is not worn properly and /or is chewed, its protection, fit, and durability will be greatly diminished.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fill saucepan with water and bring water to a boil.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remove water from heat source.\", \"描述\": \"Let water stand for 30 seconds.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place football mouthpiece in water for 90 seconds.\", \"描述\": \"Do not exceed heating time.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Carefully remove mouth guard from hot water with a slotted spoon.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Cool mouth guard under tap water for one second only to bring surface temperature to a comfortable level.\", \"描述\": \"Quickly proceed to step 6.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Carefully place football mouthpiece around all upper teeth.\", \"描述\": \"Bite down firmly into mouth guard while, suck in strongly and use fingers to press edges of mouth guard into teeth and gum line through the lips and cheeks (continue for 20 seconds).\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Remove the football mouthpiece and cool under tap water for 30 seconds.\", \"描述\": \"Replace into mouth and test for a good firm fit.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Repeat steps 1 through 5 if fit is not accurate.\", \"描述\": \"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If the mouthpiece is too big take a sharp pair of scissors and cut off the excess length.\\n\", \"Make sure you are comfortable with your mouthpiece. There are good and bad ones. Find the one that suits you most.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Even with allowing the mouthpiece to cool, it still will be quite warm, especially for people with sensitive mouths.\\n\", \"If the mouthpiece does not have a strap what connects to the helmet there is a chance of choking on the mouthpiece.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,404
How to Adjust a Ford EcoSport Seat
1. Moving the Front Seats 1-1. Pull on the side lever several times to lift the front seats. Feel along the side of your seat that’s closest to the car door and look for a large handle. Grip the handle tightly and lift it up several times, which boosts your seat height. It’s easiest to adjust your seat while you’re sitting in it. 1-2. Lower the front seat by pushing down multiple times on the side lever. Grip the lever along the side of your seat and push it down several times. You may need to pump the lever several times before you’re happy with the adjustment. This lever won’t do super dramatic adjustments, but it can come handy if your seat feels too high or low. 1-3. Recline or tilt the front seats forward by using the side triangular lever. Search along the side of your seat that’s closest to the car door and feel around for a small, triangular lever. Pull upwards on this lever to lean your seat backward or forward, depending on what’s most comfortable for you. This lever is set farther back than the handle used to adjust the height on your seat. 1-4. Lift the bar under the seat to slide it forward or back. Feel beneath the front of your seat for a thin, rectangular metal bar. Pull upwards on this bar to unlock your seat and roll it forwards or backward. Once you’re happy with your new seat position, release the bar to lock your seat into place. You should hear a clicking sound once your seat locks in place. 2. Folding the Back Seats 2-1. Press on the button along the left and right sides of the seat. Look to the left or right of your back headrests for a large, rectangular button. Press down on this button to unlock your seats so you can fold them forward. The button to lower the right seat is on the right side, while the button to lower the left and center seats is on the left. Check that the headrests are locked in place and pushed down before you continue. 2-2. Bring the seats forward to give yourself more cargo space. Grip the top sections of the rear seats and pull the backrest down completely. The seats won’t be perfectly flat, but try to pull each seat down as far as they will go. The seats should move pretty fluidly once they’re unlocked. 2-3. Lift the seats back to their original position until you hear a click. Use both hands to push the seats back to their original, upright position. Listen until you hear a clicking sound, which means the seat is secure and locked in place. 3. Adjusting the Headrests 3-1. Unlock and lift the headrest to adjust it. Look at the mounts connecting the headrest to the front seat and search for 2 locking buttons. Press both of these buttons at the same time to either lift or lower your headrest to a comfortable position. You need to press down both locking buttons at the same time, or else the headrest won’t adjust correctly. 3-2. Pull on the rear headrest to lift it up. Place both hands beneath the headrest and firmly tug to lift it up. You don’t need to press down any locking buttons to do this. 3-3. Press the locking button to bring your rear headrest down. Look along the right mounting pole of your headrest to find a locking button. Press this button in, then push down on the headrest to adjust it to your desired level. Tips Always consult your car’s user manual if you’re confused about where anything is.[12] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:15", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Moving the Front Seats\\n1-1. Pull on the side lever several times to lift the front seats.\\nFeel along the side of your seat that’s closest to the car door and look for a large handle. Grip the handle tightly and lift it up several times, which boosts your seat height.\\nIt’s easiest to adjust your seat while you’re sitting in it.\\n1-2. Lower the front seat by pushing down multiple times on the side lever.\\nGrip the lever along the side of your seat and push it down several times. You may need to pump the lever several times before you’re happy with the adjustment.\\nThis lever won’t do super dramatic adjustments, but it can come handy if your seat feels too high or low.\\n1-3. Recline or tilt the front seats forward by using the side triangular lever.\\nSearch along the side of your seat that’s closest to the car door and feel around for a small, triangular lever. Pull upwards on this lever to lean your seat backward or forward, depending on what’s most comfortable for you.\\nThis lever is set farther back than the handle used to adjust the height on your seat.\\n1-4. Lift the bar under the seat to slide it forward or back.\\nFeel beneath the front of your seat for a thin, rectangular metal bar. Pull upwards on this bar to unlock your seat and roll it forwards or backward. Once you’re happy with your new seat position, release the bar to lock your seat into place.\\nYou should hear a clicking sound once your seat locks in place.\\n2. Folding the Back Seats\\n2-1. Press on the button along the left and right sides of the seat.\\nLook to the left or right of your back headrests for a large, rectangular button. Press down on this button to unlock your seats so you can fold them forward.\\nThe button to lower the right seat is on the right side, while the button to lower the left and center seats is on the left.\\nCheck that the headrests are locked in place and pushed down before you continue.\\n2-2. Bring the seats forward to give yourself more cargo space.\\nGrip the top sections of the rear seats and pull the backrest down completely. The seats won’t be perfectly flat, but try to pull each seat down as far as they will go.\\nThe seats should move pretty fluidly once they’re unlocked.\\n2-3. Lift the seats back to their original position until you hear a click.\\nUse both hands to push the seats back to their original, upright position. Listen until you hear a clicking sound, which means the seat is secure and locked in place.\\n3. Adjusting the Headrests\\n3-1. Unlock and lift the headrest to adjust it.\\nLook at the mounts connecting the headrest to the front seat and search for 2 locking buttons. Press both of these buttons at the same time to either lift or lower your headrest to a comfortable position.\\nYou need to press down both locking buttons at the same time, or else the headrest won’t adjust correctly.\\n3-2. Pull on the rear headrest to lift it up.\\nPlace both hands beneath the headrest and firmly tug to lift it up. You don’t need to press down any locking buttons to do this.\\n3-3. Press the locking button to bring your rear headrest down.\\nLook along the right mounting pole of your headrest to find a locking button. Press this button in, then push down on the headrest to adjust it to your desired level.\\nTips\\nAlways consult your car’s user manual if you’re confused about where anything is.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The Ford EcoSport offers a lot of wiggle room and potential cargo space, but it can be hard to figure out a comfortable seating arrangement for your vehicle. Thankfully, it only takes a few seconds to adjust the front seats or fold the rear seats forward. Play around with the different adjustments until you’re happy with the way your car is set up!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Moving the Front Seats\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pull on the side lever several times to lift the front seats.\", \"描述\": \"Feel along the side of your seat that’s closest to the car door and look for a large handle. Grip the handle tightly and lift it up several times, which boosts your seat height.\\nIt’s easiest to adjust your seat while you’re sitting in it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lower the front seat by pushing down multiple times on the side lever.\", \"描述\": \"Grip the lever along the side of your seat and push it down several times. You may need to pump the lever several times before you’re happy with the adjustment.\\nThis lever won’t do super dramatic adjustments, but it can come handy if your seat feels too high or low.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Recline or tilt the front seats forward by using the side triangular lever.\", \"描述\": \"Search along the side of your seat that’s closest to the car door and feel around for a small, triangular lever. Pull upwards on this lever to lean your seat backward or forward, depending on what’s most comfortable for you.\\nThis lever is set farther back than the handle used to adjust the height on your seat.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Lift the bar under the seat to slide it forward or back.\", \"描述\": \"Feel beneath the front of your seat for a thin, rectangular metal bar. Pull upwards on this bar to unlock your seat and roll it forwards or backward. Once you’re happy with your new seat position, release the bar to lock your seat into place.\\nYou should hear a clicking sound once your seat locks in place.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Folding the Back Seats\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Press on the button along the left and right sides of the seat.\", \"描述\": \"Look to the left or right of your back headrests for a large, rectangular button. Press down on this button to unlock your seats so you can fold them forward.\\nThe button to lower the right seat is on the right side, while the button to lower the left and center seats is on the left.\\nCheck that the headrests are locked in place and pushed down before you continue.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Bring the seats forward to give yourself more cargo space.\", \"描述\": \"Grip the top sections of the rear seats and pull the backrest down completely. The seats won’t be perfectly flat, but try to pull each seat down as far as they will go.\\nThe seats should move pretty fluidly once they’re unlocked.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Lift the seats back to their original position until you hear a click.\", \"描述\": \"Use both hands to push the seats back to their original, upright position. Listen until you hear a clicking sound, which means the seat is secure and locked in place.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Headrests\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unlock and lift the headrest to adjust it.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the mounts connecting the headrest to the front seat and search for 2 locking buttons. Press both of these buttons at the same time to either lift or lower your headrest to a comfortable position.\\nYou need to press down both locking buttons at the same time, or else the headrest won’t adjust correctly.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pull on the rear headrest to lift it up.\", \"描述\": \"Place both hands beneath the headrest and firmly tug to lift it up. You don’t need to press down any locking buttons to do this.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Press the locking button to bring your rear headrest down.\", \"描述\": \"Look along the right mounting pole of your headrest to find a locking button. Press this button in, then push down on the headrest to adjust it to your desired level.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Always consult your car’s user manual if you’re confused about where anything is.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,405
How to Adjust a Front Bicycle Derailleur
1. Fixing Shifting Issues 1-1. Know what a properly adjusted front derailleur looks like. Your goal is for the front derailleur to sit comfortably above the chains, with the outside plate 2-3 millimeters above the largest chain ring. It will be aligned so that it curves parallel to the chain rings. It should sit parallel with the chain. If the derailleur is rubbing up against a ring or is caught on something, do not ride the bike. Instead, reset your front derailleur. 1-2. Diagnose your problem. Place the bike on a repair stand or flip it over so it rests on the seat and handlebars. Shift the front derailleur up and down while pedaling with your hand. Can it get to all 2-3 gears? Is there clicking, rubbing, or grinding? Make a note of any problem areas and remember them as you move through your adjustments. Be sure to inspect the cables and housing as well. If the front derailleur doesn't move when you actuate the shifter, the cable could be corroded. If this is the case or if you notice cracks, splinters, or fraying, replace both the cable and the housing. Place the chain on the smallest gear in the front and release all tension from the shifter. Feel the cable and adjust the tension until it is barely taut. Reposition the derailleur if it appears to be crooked. Replace the derailleur or shifter if they are broken. Also, the rear derailleur needs to be correctly adjusted before continuing, so check it if it is shifting correctly. 1-3. Shift your bike into a low gear. Make sure the chain is on the and This ensures that the chain isn't stretched diagonally and loosens the derailleur cable so that it is easier to manage. 1-4. Loosen the cable bolt and tighten the derailleur cable. Right above the derailleur is a thin cable, clamped in place by a bolt or screw. The derailleur is usually attached to the bike frame (the metal skeleton of the bike). Grip the top of the cable and pull up on it, then loosen the bolt. Pull the cable up so that it is tight, then re-tighten the bolt again. This will clamp the bolt down on the cable so it can't move. This may move the derailleur slightly, but you'll be adjusting it again in a minute. Right now you want to make sure that your derailleur cable is tight and has no slack so that the whole thing functions smoothly. 1-5. Locate your limit screws. There are two small screws on the top or sides of your derailleur, one labeled "L" and the other "H." They are likely not entirely screwed in, and poke slightly up and out of the derailleur. These are your Low and High limit screws, and they control how far to the left or right your derailleur can move. They are adjusted with a normal Phillips ("star" or "+") screwdriver. The L controls how far towards your bike the derailleur can go. The H controls how far out and away from your bike it can go. If your screws aren't labeled, you can easily test them out. Shift into your smallest ring up front. Turn one screw a full turn in each direction, watching the derailleur. If it moves, this is the Lower (L) limit, if it does not, try the other one. When this one moves, mark it with an L for future reference. 1-6. Align the low end of your derailleur. Shift into the smallest chainring in the front and the largest in the back so that the chain is completely to the left and closest to the bike frame. Turn the L screw so that the derailleur has 2-3 mm of space on either side of the chain. You should see the derailleur move as you turn the screw. 1-7. Align the high end of your derailleur. Pedal the bike and shift the front to the biggest cog and the back to the smallest gear. The chain should be complete to the right on the bike and farthest from the bike frame. Turn the H limit screw until the derailleur is 2-3 mm on either side of the chain so that it has plenty of space to move. 1-8. Adjust the back derailleur into the middle cog, then test your shifting in the front. Shift the back gears to something in the middle so that it doesn't pull your chain either way as you shift. Then, pedal the bike and shift up and down through the front derailleur, making sure that you don't have any issues. Adjust the limit screws as necessary, and have fun riding. Setting your limits too far to either side can cause the chain to slip off, but you should be able to see if it is this far before you start testing. 2. Resetting Malfunctioning Derailleurs 2-1. Reset your derailleur if it is hitting the chain rings, bent, or angled awkwardly. The limit screws are only going to fix so much if the derailleur is in need of serious adjustments. If you feel the derailleur hitting chain rings, notice that it is angled, or see that it is too high, you'll have to reset the derailleur and start again. 2-2. Shift to your leftmost rings. Shift to the smallest ring in the front and the largest in the back. You may need to put the bike on a stand or turn it upside down to easily pedal and shift at once. 2-3. Loosen the barrel adjusters to relieve cable tension. Barrel adjusters are usually located at the end of your derailleur cable, near the handle bars. To find them, follow the front derailleur cable as far as it goes until you get to a small, spinnable cylinder. Turn this clockwise as far as it goes. Count the number of rotations you make on the barrel. You'll want to return it back into approximately the same position when you're done. 2-4. Unclamp the bolt holding the derailleur cable in place. Above the derailleur is a cable that runs all the way to your shifter. It is held in place by a small bolt that prevents it from moving or sliding. Undo this bolt enough that the cable can move freely if pulled but doesn't just slide out on its own. 2-5. Undo the bolts clamping the derailleur to the bike frame carefully. You do not want this to move seriously, as any major movements will change your entire alignment. Undo the bolts just enough so that you can wiggle and shift the derailleur's position. 2-6. Move the derailleur gently into the correct place. If the derailleur is angled, twist it so that it is parallel to the chain, being careful not to change the height. If it is touching the top of the chain ring, move it up a few millimeters so that it sits above the biggest cog. Your goals are: 1-3 mm above the largest chainring. You should be able to snugly fit a penny between the outer plate of the derailleur and the teeth of the ring. Both plates parallel to the chain. Curve of derailleur matches the curve of the cogs. 2-7. Readjust your cable and limit screws. Once you've made your changes, you'll need to readjust the derailleur so that it runs smoothly. To do so, pull the cable taut and then reclamp it underneath the bolt. Then adjust your limit screws. Be sure to lube your chain and keep it clean for the best shifting. Retighten your barrel adjusters too. Tips It is helpful to have pliers on hand to help you pull the cable taut. For instructions on adjusting a Shimano front derailleur, see the wikiHow How to Adjust a Shimano Front Derailleur. Make your movements slowly, then reclamp everything and test it. Don't try and make big, exaggerated movements or screw turns, as this can make it hard to return to your previous settings if something goes wrong. Warnings Improperly adjusted derailleurs can lead to poor shifting or can cause the chain to fall off while riding.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:15", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Fixing Shifting Issues\\n1-1. Know what a properly adjusted front derailleur looks like.\\nYour goal is for the front derailleur to sit comfortably above the chains, with the outside plate 2-3 millimeters above the largest chain ring. It will be aligned so that it curves parallel to the chain rings. It should sit parallel with the chain.\\nIf the derailleur is rubbing up against a ring or is caught on something, do not ride the bike. Instead, reset your front derailleur.\\n1-2. Diagnose your problem.\\nPlace the bike on a repair stand or flip it over so it rests on the seat and handlebars. Shift the front derailleur up and down while pedaling with your hand. Can it get to all 2-3 gears? Is there clicking, rubbing, or grinding? Make a note of any problem areas and remember them as you move through your adjustments. Be sure to inspect the cables and housing as well.\\nIf the front derailleur doesn't move when you actuate the shifter, the cable could be corroded. If this is the case or if you notice cracks, splinters, or fraying, replace both the cable and the housing.\\nPlace the chain on the smallest gear in the front and release all tension from the shifter. Feel the cable and adjust the tension until it is barely taut.\\nReposition the derailleur if it appears to be crooked. Replace the derailleur or shifter if they are broken.\\nAlso, the rear derailleur needs to be correctly adjusted before continuing, so check it if it is shifting correctly.\\n1-3. Shift your bike into a low gear.\\nMake sure the chain is on the and This ensures that the chain isn't stretched diagonally and loosens the derailleur cable so that it is easier to manage.\\n1-4. Loosen the cable bolt and tighten the derailleur cable.\\nRight above the derailleur is a thin cable, clamped in place by a bolt or screw. The derailleur is usually attached to the bike frame (the metal skeleton of the bike). Grip the top of the cable and pull up on it, then loosen the bolt. Pull the cable up so that it is tight, then re-tighten the bolt again. This will clamp the bolt down on the cable so it can't move.\\nThis may move the derailleur slightly, but you'll be adjusting it again in a minute. Right now you want to make sure that your derailleur cable is tight and has no slack so that the whole thing functions smoothly.\\n1-5. Locate your limit screws.\\nThere are two small screws on the top or sides of your derailleur, one labeled \\\"L\\\" and the other \\\"H.\\\" They are likely not entirely screwed in, and poke slightly up and out of the derailleur. These are your Low and High limit screws, and they control how far to the left or right your derailleur can move. They are adjusted with a normal Phillips (\\\"star\\\" or \\\"+\\\") screwdriver.\\nThe L controls how far towards your bike the derailleur can go. The H controls how far out and away from your bike it can go.\\nIf your screws aren't labeled, you can easily test them out. Shift into your smallest ring up front. Turn one screw a full turn in each direction, watching the derailleur. If it moves, this is the Lower (L) limit, if it does not, try the other one. When this one moves, mark it with an L for future reference.\\n1-6. Align the low end of your derailleur.\\nShift into the smallest chainring in the front and the largest in the back so that the chain is completely to the left and closest to the bike frame. Turn the L screw so that the derailleur has 2-3 mm of space on either side of the chain.\\nYou should see the derailleur move as you turn the screw.\\n1-7. Align the high end of your derailleur.\\nPedal the bike and shift the front to the biggest cog and the back to the smallest gear. The chain should be complete to the right on the bike and farthest from the bike frame. Turn the H limit screw until the derailleur is 2-3 mm on either side of the chain so that it has plenty of space to move.\\n1-8. Adjust the back derailleur into the middle cog, then test your shifting in the front.\\nShift the back gears to something in the middle so that it doesn't pull your chain either way as you shift. Then, pedal the bike and shift up and down through the front derailleur, making sure that you don't have any issues. Adjust the limit screws as necessary, and have fun riding.\\nSetting your limits too far to either side can cause the chain to slip off, but you should be able to see if it is this far before you start testing.\\n2. Resetting Malfunctioning Derailleurs\\n2-1. Reset your derailleur if it is hitting the chain rings, bent, or angled awkwardly.\\nThe limit screws are only going to fix so much if the derailleur is in need of serious adjustments. If you feel the derailleur hitting chain rings, notice that it is angled, or see that it is too high, you'll have to reset the derailleur and start again.\\n2-2. Shift to your leftmost rings.\\nShift to the smallest ring in the front and the largest in the back. You may need to put the bike on a stand or turn it upside down to easily pedal and shift at once.\\n2-3. Loosen the barrel adjusters to relieve cable tension.\\nBarrel adjusters are usually located at the end of your derailleur cable, near the handle bars. To find them, follow the front derailleur cable as far as it goes until you get to a small, spinnable cylinder. Turn this clockwise as far as it goes.\\nCount the number of rotations you make on the barrel. You'll want to return it back into approximately the same position when you're done.\\n2-4. Unclamp the bolt holding the derailleur cable in place.\\nAbove the derailleur is a cable that runs all the way to your shifter. It is held in place by a small bolt that prevents it from moving or sliding. Undo this bolt enough that the cable can move freely if pulled but doesn't just slide out on its own.\\n2-5. Undo the bolts clamping the derailleur to the bike frame carefully.\\nYou do not want this to move seriously, as any major movements will change your entire alignment. Undo the bolts just enough so that you can wiggle and shift the derailleur's position.\\n2-6. Move the derailleur gently into the correct place.\\nIf the derailleur is angled, twist it so that it is parallel to the chain, being careful not to change the height. If it is touching the top of the chain ring, move it up a few millimeters so that it sits above the biggest cog. Your goals are:\\n1-3 mm above the largest chainring. You should be able to snugly fit a penny between the outer plate of the derailleur and the teeth of the ring.\\nBoth plates parallel to the chain.\\nCurve of derailleur matches the curve of the cogs.\\n2-7. Readjust your cable and limit screws.\\nOnce you've made your changes, you'll need to readjust the derailleur so that it runs smoothly. To do so, pull the cable taut and then reclamp it underneath the bolt. Then adjust your limit screws.\\nBe sure to lube your chain and keep it clean for the best shifting. Retighten your barrel adjusters too.\\nTips\\nIt is helpful to have pliers on hand to help you pull the cable taut.\\nFor instructions on adjusting a Shimano front derailleur, see the wikiHow How to Adjust a Shimano Front Derailleur.\\nMake your movements slowly, then reclamp everything and test it. Don't try and make big, exaggerated movements or screw turns, as this can make it hard to return to your previous settings if something goes wrong.\\nWarnings\\nImproperly adjusted derailleurs can lead to poor shifting or can cause the chain to fall off while riding.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Correctly adjusting a front derailleur is one of the more subtler bike maintenance procedures, as it is a matter of millimeters. If you're having trouble shifting or seeing the chain grind against the derailleur, you shouldn't have to go to the bike store for a fix. All you need are some basic tools and a good eye. With practice and patience, you too can become a smooth-shifting pro.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fixing Shifting Issues\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know what a properly adjusted front derailleur looks like.\", \"描述\": \"Your goal is for the front derailleur to sit comfortably above the chains, with the outside plate 2-3 millimeters above the largest chain ring. It will be aligned so that it curves parallel to the chain rings. It should sit parallel with the chain.\\nIf the derailleur is rubbing up against a ring or is caught on something, do not ride the bike. Instead, reset your front derailleur.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Diagnose your problem.\", \"描述\": \"Place the bike on a repair stand or flip it over so it rests on the seat and handlebars. Shift the front derailleur up and down while pedaling with your hand. Can it get to all 2-3 gears? Is there clicking, rubbing, or grinding? Make a note of any problem areas and remember them as you move through your adjustments. Be sure to inspect the cables and housing as well.\\nIf the front derailleur doesn't move when you actuate the shifter, the cable could be corroded. If this is the case or if you notice cracks, splinters, or fraying, replace both the cable and the housing.\\nPlace the chain on the smallest gear in the front and release all tension from the shifter. Feel the cable and adjust the tension until it is barely taut.\\nReposition the derailleur if it appears to be crooked. Replace the derailleur or shifter if they are broken.\\nAlso, the rear derailleur needs to be correctly adjusted before continuing, so check it if it is shifting correctly.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Shift your bike into a low gear.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the chain is on the and This ensures that the chain isn't stretched diagonally and loosens the derailleur cable so that it is easier to manage.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Loosen the cable bolt and tighten the derailleur cable.\", \"描述\": \"Right above the derailleur is a thin cable, clamped in place by a bolt or screw. The derailleur is usually attached to the bike frame (the metal skeleton of the bike). Grip the top of the cable and pull up on it, then loosen the bolt. Pull the cable up so that it is tight, then re-tighten the bolt again. This will clamp the bolt down on the cable so it can't move.\\nThis may move the derailleur slightly, but you'll be adjusting it again in a minute. Right now you want to make sure that your derailleur cable is tight and has no slack so that the whole thing functions smoothly.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Locate your limit screws.\", \"描述\": \"There are two small screws on the top or sides of your derailleur, one labeled \\\"L\\\" and the other \\\"H.\\\" They are likely not entirely screwed in, and poke slightly up and out of the derailleur. These are your Low and High limit screws, and they control how far to the left or right your derailleur can move. They are adjusted with a normal Phillips (\\\"star\\\" or \\\"+\\\") screwdriver.\\nThe L controls how far towards your bike the derailleur can go. The H controls how far out and away from your bike it can go.\\nIf your screws aren't labeled, you can easily test them out. Shift into your smallest ring up front. Turn one screw a full turn in each direction, watching the derailleur. If it moves, this is the Lower (L) limit, if it does not, try the other one. When this one moves, mark it with an L for future reference.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Align the low end of your derailleur.\", \"描述\": \"Shift into the smallest chainring in the front and the largest in the back so that the chain is completely to the left and closest to the bike frame. Turn the L screw so that the derailleur has 2-3 mm of space on either side of the chain.\\nYou should see the derailleur move as you turn the screw.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Align the high end of your derailleur.\", \"描述\": \"Pedal the bike and shift the front to the biggest cog and the back to the smallest gear. The chain should be complete to the right on the bike and farthest from the bike frame. Turn the H limit screw until the derailleur is 2-3 mm on either side of the chain so that it has plenty of space to move.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Adjust the back derailleur into the middle cog, then test your shifting in the front.\", \"描述\": \"Shift the back gears to something in the middle so that it doesn't pull your chain either way as you shift. Then, pedal the bike and shift up and down through the front derailleur, making sure that you don't have any issues. Adjust the limit screws as necessary, and have fun riding.\\nSetting your limits too far to either side can cause the chain to slip off, but you should be able to see if it is this far before you start testing.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Resetting Malfunctioning Derailleurs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Reset your derailleur if it is hitting the chain rings, bent, or angled awkwardly.\", \"描述\": \"The limit screws are only going to fix so much if the derailleur is in need of serious adjustments. If you feel the derailleur hitting chain rings, notice that it is angled, or see that it is too high, you'll have to reset the derailleur and start again.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Shift to your leftmost rings.\", \"描述\": \"Shift to the smallest ring in the front and the largest in the back. You may need to put the bike on a stand or turn it upside down to easily pedal and shift at once.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Loosen the barrel adjusters to relieve cable tension.\", \"描述\": \"Barrel adjusters are usually located at the end of your derailleur cable, near the handle bars. To find them, follow the front derailleur cable as far as it goes until you get to a small, spinnable cylinder. Turn this clockwise as far as it goes.\\nCount the number of rotations you make on the barrel. You'll want to return it back into approximately the same position when you're done.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Unclamp the bolt holding the derailleur cable in place.\", \"描述\": \"Above the derailleur is a cable that runs all the way to your shifter. It is held in place by a small bolt that prevents it from moving or sliding. Undo this bolt enough that the cable can move freely if pulled but doesn't just slide out on its own.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Undo the bolts clamping the derailleur to the bike frame carefully.\", \"描述\": \"You do not want this to move seriously, as any major movements will change your entire alignment. Undo the bolts just enough so that you can wiggle and shift the derailleur's position.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Move the derailleur gently into the correct place.\", \"描述\": \"If the derailleur is angled, twist it so that it is parallel to the chain, being careful not to change the height. If it is touching the top of the chain ring, move it up a few millimeters so that it sits above the biggest cog. Your goals are:\\n1-3 mm above the largest chainring. You should be able to snugly fit a penny between the outer plate of the derailleur and the teeth of the ring.\\nBoth plates parallel to the chain.\\nCurve of derailleur matches the curve of the cogs.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Readjust your cable and limit screws.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've made your changes, you'll need to readjust the derailleur so that it runs smoothly. To do so, pull the cable taut and then reclamp it underneath the bolt. Then adjust your limit screws.\\nBe sure to lube your chain and keep it clean for the best shifting. Retighten your barrel adjusters too.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"It is helpful to have pliers on hand to help you pull the cable taut.\\n\", \"For instructions on adjusting a Shimano front derailleur, see the wikiHow How to Adjust a Shimano Front Derailleur.\\n\", \"Make your movements slowly, then reclamp everything and test it. Don't try and make big, exaggerated movements or screw turns, as this can make it hard to return to your previous settings if something goes wrong.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Improperly adjusted derailleurs can lead to poor shifting or can cause the chain to fall off while riding.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,406
How to Adjust a Furnace Gas Valve
1. Opening and Lighting a Furnace 1-1. Unscrew the front access panel on the furnace. On many furnaces, the access panel will be held in place by a series of 4 screws. If your furnace is like this, you will see the screws near the panel's corners. Rotate them all counterclockwise with a Phillips screwdriver. Once they are off, the panel can be lifted off of the furnace. If the panel doesn’t have screws, simply lift it up to detach it from the furnace. The front panel may have vents or instructional stickers on it that make it more recognizable. The other panels aren't removable. 1-2. Locate the metal box containing the valves on the gas pipe. The gas pipe is usually along the lower part of the access point. If you’re unsure where it is, follow the pipe from the wall of your home to where it enters the furnace. You will also spot a big, metal box in the center. Look for a large, round tower with a metal screw sticking out of its top. The screw is what you use to control the gas pressure. Most furnaces have only one of these valves, but some furnaces have 2 of them together. The control box containing the valve may have some other components on it, such as a labeled pilot light control knob. On a two-stage furnace, one valve is for low pressure and the other is for high pressure. The high-pressure valve doesn’t activate until the furnace gets hot enough. The exact temperature varies between furnaces. 1-3. Relight the pilot light Unless the furnace has gas flowing through it, you won’t be able to monitor its pressure. You may have turned the furnace off during the summer, for instance, or it shut off on its own due to low gas pressure. Start by checking the fuse box or circuit panel in your home to make sure the electricity is on. Once it is on, locate the pilot light switch near the gas valve and turn it off. Wait 5 minutes before activating the pilot light and then relighting it with a long stem lighter. For more information on how to turn on your furnace, check the stickers the manufacturer placed near the front access panel. These stickers will have instructions specific to your furnace model. The pilot light is along the top part of the furnace. Follow the tube leading from the control box to find it. Take your time when relighting a furnace. If the gas isn’t given time to fully dissipate, reigniting the pilot light could cause a fire. 2. Connecting a Manometer 2-1. Twist the outlet port cap counterclockwise by hand to remove it. Check underneath the valve on the side of the box. It will have a hole covered by a metal cap. For many furnaces, you can remove the cap by rotating it counterclockwise. Set the cap aside to reveal the open port. This port allows you to monitor the gas pressure while adjusting the valve. Some gas valves require you to have a hex key. If you need one, fit a ⁄32 in (0.24 cm) hex key into the cap and turn it counterclockwise to remove it. 2-2. Hook a clear connecting hose to the barbed tip of a manometer. A manometer is a handheld device that measures gas pressure. Get one that measures in inches of water column (WC). The manometer should also come with a clear connecting hose. If it doesn’t, buy a manometer hose separately. Push the hose onto the metal barb on top of the manometer to set it up. Dual-port manometers have a pair of barbs. If yours is like this, use a double-ended hose that can connect to both barbs at once. You can buy manometers online and at many hardware stores. 2-3. Plug the manometer into the outlet port with a tube adapter. A manometer tube adapter is a plug that connects the testing tube to the furnace. To install a new adapter, push the circular end into the manometer hose until it stays in place. Plug the barbed end of the adapter into the furnace’s outlet, then turn it clockwise by hand to lock it in place. If the manometer tube doesn’t come with an adapter, purchase one separately. Most furnaces work well with a ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) adapter. On some furnaces, you can push the tube onto the outlet port without using an adapter. If you have a two-stage gas furnace, start with the taller valve, which is responsible for the high-pressure setting. Each valve will have its own outlet, so make sure you have the manometer hooked up to the right one! 3. Tuning the High-Pressure Valve 3-1. Check the safe pressure setting listed near the valve. Look all over the furnace for some stickers placed by the manufacturer. They contain a lot of valuable information, including the correct pressure settings for the gas valve. The pressure listings are often on the access panel itself, but they can also be on one of the other exterior panels. If you have a two-stage furnace, look for separate high and low-pressure listings. If you aren’t able to find the pressure setting used by your furnace, contact a professional. Using the wrong setting can cause the furnace to overheat, so avoid the risk of having to contend with costly repairs. 3-2. Turn on the manometer to get an initial pressure reading. Press the power button on the manometer’s front to turn it on. It will light up right away as it detects the gas pressure. Set the manometer in a spot where it is out your way but still readable. Many manometers have a magnet on the back that you can use to hang up the device nearby while you work. If the manometer doesn’t light up, make sure it is well-connected to the valve. Check that the gas and pilot light are on as well. If the furnace seems to be working, remove the battery cover on the back end of the manometer. They usually run on a single 9-volt battery. Replace it to see if the battery is dead. 3-3. Set the high pressure to 3.5 inches of water column (WC) for natural gas. Note that the optimal setting varies between furnaces, so consult the manufacturer’s instructions before making any adjustments. When you’re ready, go back to the screw on the top or side of the gas valve. Use a flathead screwdriver to turn the screw. Rotating it clockwise raises the gas pressure, while rotating it counterclockwise reduces the pressure. If your furnace only has one pressure valve, you can remove the manometer and cover the outlet port. For a propane furnace, the valve has to be set to 11 inches of WC or a similar number. Keep an eye on the manometer, since its display will change as you adjust the valve. Tune the gas pressure gradually. For safety, tune it to the pressure rating recommended by the manufacturer. 4. Altering the Low-Pressure Valve 4-1. Locate the shorter valve if your furnace has one. Find the metal box along the middle part of the gas pipe. The taller valve is the one responsible for the high-pressure setting on a two-stage furnace. Look for a noticeably shorter valve next to it. Besides being a little shorter, the low-pressure valve will look almost identical to the high pressure one. Set the high pressure first, then keep the manometer attached to the outlet port. Low-pressure valves often have a much shorter screw than high-pressure valves do, so you can use that to tell them apart. Not all furnaces have both valves. If you don’t have a two-stage furnace, you won’t have to worry about setting high and low pressures. The manufacturer’s directions will only have a single recommended pressure listed as well. 4-2. Turn the heat down low using the thermostat. Turn it down as low as it can go. At a low-temperature setting, your furnace doesn’t need to create as much heat, so the high-pressure valve shuts off. Watch the manometer’s display, since it will change as it detects the lower pressure. You will also be able to hear the furnace get quieter as the temperature drops. You won’t have to disconnect the manometer at all. Leave it connected to the outlet valve near the pipe. 4-3. Adjust the low-pressure valve to 1.6 WC for natural gas. Check the pressure setting recommended by the manufacturer. When you have it, slip a flathead screwdriver into the valve. Turn it clockwise to raise the pressure and counterclockwise to lower it. Once it’s at the recommended setting, your furnace will be in working order again. The proper pressure can vary from furnace to furnace. For instance, on a propane furnace, it will be around 4.0 inches of WC. Mixing up the high and low-pressure settings is easy, so double-check the instructional sticker near the access panel. Make sure you’re using the “high fire” number for the high-pressure valve and the “low fire” number for the low-pressure valve. 4-4. Remove the manometer and close up the furnace. Unscrew the adapter from the pressure valve outlet, then return the outlet plug. Hang the front access panel on the furnace next. If it had screws, put them back and turn them clockwise to secure it in place. If you are sure the gas pressure is correct but are still experiencing problems with the furnace, contact a heating and cooling specialist. Tips If the furnace won’t turn on at all, check the control knob on the gas pipe leading from the wall of your home to your furnace. If it has been turned perpendicular to the pipe, rotate it to allow gas to reach the furnace.[12] X Research source Keep an eye on the thermostat to see if it is functioning. Make sure the display matches the heat given off by the furnace.[13] X Research source If you are unable to adjust the valve or notice anything wrong with your furnace, contact a heating and cooling technician in your area. Let them make sure the furnace is safe to use. Warnings Approach an active furnace carefully to avoid burns or electric shock. Avoid touching exposed electrical wires, and operate gas valves with caution. If your furnace is off, reactivating the pilot light can lead to a fire. Make sure you have drained all gas out of the line before reigniting the pilot light.[14] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:15", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Opening and Lighting a Furnace\\n1-1. Unscrew the front access panel on the furnace.\\nOn many furnaces, the access panel will be held in place by a series of 4 screws. If your furnace is like this, you will see the screws near the panel's corners. Rotate them all counterclockwise with a Phillips screwdriver. Once they are off, the panel can be lifted off of the furnace.\\nIf the panel doesn’t have screws, simply lift it up to detach it from the furnace.\\nThe front panel may have vents or instructional stickers on it that make it more recognizable. The other panels aren't removable.\\n1-2. Locate the metal box containing the valves on the gas pipe.\\nThe gas pipe is usually along the lower part of the access point. If you’re unsure where it is, follow the pipe from the wall of your home to where it enters the furnace. You will also spot a big, metal box in the center. Look for a large, round tower with a metal screw sticking out of its top. The screw is what you use to control the gas pressure. Most furnaces have only one of these valves, but some furnaces have 2 of them together.\\nThe control box containing the valve may have some other components on it, such as a labeled pilot light control knob.\\nOn a two-stage furnace, one valve is for low pressure and the other is for high pressure. The high-pressure valve doesn’t activate until the furnace gets hot enough. The exact temperature varies between furnaces.\\n1-3. Relight the pilot light\\nUnless the furnace has gas flowing through it, you won’t be able to monitor its pressure. You may have turned the furnace off during the summer, for instance, or it shut off on its own due to low gas pressure. Start by checking the fuse box or circuit panel in your home to make sure the electricity is on. Once it is on, locate the pilot light switch near the gas valve and turn it off. Wait 5 minutes before activating the pilot light and then relighting it with a long stem lighter.\\nFor more information on how to turn on your furnace, check the stickers the manufacturer placed near the front access panel. These stickers will have instructions specific to your furnace model.\\nThe pilot light is along the top part of the furnace. Follow the tube leading from the control box to find it.\\nTake your time when relighting a furnace. If the gas isn’t given time to fully dissipate, reigniting the pilot light could cause a fire.\\n2. Connecting a Manometer\\n2-1. Twist the outlet port cap counterclockwise by hand to remove it.\\nCheck underneath the valve on the side of the box. It will have a hole covered by a metal cap. For many furnaces, you can remove the cap by rotating it counterclockwise. Set the cap aside to reveal the open port. This port allows you to monitor the gas pressure while adjusting the valve.\\nSome gas valves require you to have a hex key. If you need one, fit a ⁄32 in (0.24 cm) hex key into the cap and turn it counterclockwise to remove it.\\n2-2. Hook a clear connecting hose to the barbed tip of a manometer.\\nA manometer is a handheld device that measures gas pressure. Get one that measures in inches of water column (WC). The manometer should also come with a clear connecting hose. If it doesn’t, buy a manometer hose separately. Push the hose onto the metal barb on top of the manometer to set it up.\\nDual-port manometers have a pair of barbs. If yours is like this, use a double-ended hose that can connect to both barbs at once.\\nYou can buy manometers online and at many hardware stores.\\n2-3. Plug the manometer into the outlet port with a tube adapter.\\nA manometer tube adapter is a plug that connects the testing tube to the furnace. To install a new adapter, push the circular end into the manometer hose until it stays in place. Plug the barbed end of the adapter into the furnace’s outlet, then turn it clockwise by hand to lock it in place.\\nIf the manometer tube doesn’t come with an adapter, purchase one separately. Most furnaces work well with a ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) adapter. On some furnaces, you can push the tube onto the outlet port without using an adapter.\\nIf you have a two-stage gas furnace, start with the taller valve, which is responsible for the high-pressure setting. Each valve will have its own outlet, so make sure you have the manometer hooked up to the right one!\\n3. Tuning the High-Pressure Valve\\n3-1. Check the safe pressure setting listed near the valve.\\nLook all over the furnace for some stickers placed by the manufacturer. They contain a lot of valuable information, including the correct pressure settings for the gas valve. The pressure listings are often on the access panel itself, but they can also be on one of the other exterior panels.\\nIf you have a two-stage furnace, look for separate high and low-pressure listings.\\nIf you aren’t able to find the pressure setting used by your furnace, contact a professional. Using the wrong setting can cause the furnace to overheat, so avoid the risk of having to contend with costly repairs.\\n3-2. Turn on the manometer to get an initial pressure reading.\\nPress the power button on the manometer’s front to turn it on. It will light up right away as it detects the gas pressure. Set the manometer in a spot where it is out your way but still readable. Many manometers have a magnet on the back that you can use to hang up the device nearby while you work. \\nIf the manometer doesn’t light up, make sure it is well-connected to the valve. Check that the gas and pilot light are on as well.\\nIf the furnace seems to be working, remove the battery cover on the back end of the manometer. They usually run on a single 9-volt battery. Replace it to see if the battery is dead.\\n3-3. Set the high pressure to 3.5 inches of water column (WC) for natural gas.\\nNote that the optimal setting varies between furnaces, so consult the manufacturer’s instructions before making any adjustments. When you’re ready, go back to the screw on the top or side of the gas valve. Use a flathead screwdriver to turn the screw. Rotating it clockwise raises the gas pressure, while rotating it counterclockwise reduces the pressure. If your furnace only has one pressure valve, you can remove the manometer and cover the outlet port.\\nFor a propane furnace, the valve has to be set to 11 inches of WC or a similar number.\\nKeep an eye on the manometer, since its display will change as you adjust the valve.\\nTune the gas pressure gradually. For safety, tune it to the pressure rating recommended by the manufacturer.\\n4. Altering the Low-Pressure Valve\\n4-1. Locate the shorter valve if your furnace has one.\\nFind the metal box along the middle part of the gas pipe. The taller valve is the one responsible for the high-pressure setting on a two-stage furnace. Look for a noticeably shorter valve next to it. Besides being a little shorter, the low-pressure valve will look almost identical to the high pressure one. Set the high pressure first, then keep the manometer attached to the outlet port.\\nLow-pressure valves often have a much shorter screw than high-pressure valves do, so you can use that to tell them apart.\\nNot all furnaces have both valves. If you don’t have a two-stage furnace, you won’t have to worry about setting high and low pressures. The manufacturer’s directions will only have a single recommended pressure listed as well.\\n4-2. Turn the heat down low using the thermostat.\\nTurn it down as low as it can go. At a low-temperature setting, your furnace doesn’t need to create as much heat, so the high-pressure valve shuts off. Watch the manometer’s display, since it will change as it detects the lower pressure. You will also be able to hear the furnace get quieter as the temperature drops.\\nYou won’t have to disconnect the manometer at all. Leave it connected to the outlet valve near the pipe.\\n4-3. Adjust the low-pressure valve to 1.6 WC for natural gas.\\nCheck the pressure setting recommended by the manufacturer. When you have it, slip a flathead screwdriver into the valve. Turn it clockwise to raise the pressure and counterclockwise to lower it. Once it’s at the recommended setting, your furnace will be in working order again.\\nThe proper pressure can vary from furnace to furnace. For instance, on a propane furnace, it will be around 4.0 inches of WC.\\nMixing up the high and low-pressure settings is easy, so double-check the instructional sticker near the access panel. Make sure you’re using the “high fire” number for the high-pressure valve and the “low fire” number for the low-pressure valve.\\n4-4. Remove the manometer and close up the furnace.\\nUnscrew the adapter from the pressure valve outlet, then return the outlet plug. Hang the front access panel on the furnace next. If it had screws, put them back and turn them clockwise to secure it in place. \\nIf you are sure the gas pressure is correct but are still experiencing problems with the furnace, contact a heating and cooling specialist.\\nTips\\nIf the furnace won’t turn on at all, check the control knob on the gas pipe leading from the wall of your home to your furnace. If it has been turned perpendicular to the pipe, rotate it to allow gas to reach the furnace.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nKeep an eye on the thermostat to see if it is functioning. Make sure the display matches the heat given off by the furnace.[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf you are unable to adjust the valve or notice anything wrong with your furnace, contact a heating and cooling technician in your area. Let them make sure the furnace is safe to use.\\nWarnings\\nApproach an active furnace carefully to avoid burns or electric shock. Avoid touching exposed electrical wires, and operate gas valves with caution.\\nIf your furnace is off, reactivating the pilot light can lead to a fire. Make sure you have drained all gas out of the line before reigniting the pilot light.[14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Your gas furnace may have stopped working, but that doesn’t mean you have to call for a professional repair just yet. If you turned your furnace off for the summer or have noticed it isn’t heating up properly, it could be due to inadequate gas pressure. You can use the gas valve inside the furnace to tweak the pressure setting. Most furnaces have a single valve, but two-stage furnaces will have separate high and low-pressure valves. It’s a simple adjustment that can be done within a few minutes, but contact a licensed heating and cooling specialist if you notice gas leaks or other serious problems.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Opening and Lighting a Furnace\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unscrew the front access panel on the furnace.\", \"描述\": \"On many furnaces, the access panel will be held in place by a series of 4 screws. If your furnace is like this, you will see the screws near the panel's corners. Rotate them all counterclockwise with a Phillips screwdriver. Once they are off, the panel can be lifted off of the furnace.\\nIf the panel doesn’t have screws, simply lift it up to detach it from the furnace.\\nThe front panel may have vents or instructional stickers on it that make it more recognizable. The other panels aren't removable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Locate the metal box containing the valves on the gas pipe.\", \"描述\": \"The gas pipe is usually along the lower part of the access point. If you’re unsure where it is, follow the pipe from the wall of your home to where it enters the furnace. You will also spot a big, metal box in the center. Look for a large, round tower with a metal screw sticking out of its top. The screw is what you use to control the gas pressure. Most furnaces have only one of these valves, but some furnaces have 2 of them together.\\nThe control box containing the valve may have some other components on it, such as a labeled pilot light control knob.\\nOn a two-stage furnace, one valve is for low pressure and the other is for high pressure. The high-pressure valve doesn’t activate until the furnace gets hot enough. The exact temperature varies between furnaces.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Relight the pilot light\", \"描述\": \"Unless the furnace has gas flowing through it, you won’t be able to monitor its pressure. You may have turned the furnace off during the summer, for instance, or it shut off on its own due to low gas pressure. Start by checking the fuse box or circuit panel in your home to make sure the electricity is on. Once it is on, locate the pilot light switch near the gas valve and turn it off. Wait 5 minutes before activating the pilot light and then relighting it with a long stem lighter.\\nFor more information on how to turn on your furnace, check the stickers the manufacturer placed near the front access panel. These stickers will have instructions specific to your furnace model.\\nThe pilot light is along the top part of the furnace. Follow the tube leading from the control box to find it.\\nTake your time when relighting a furnace. If the gas isn’t given time to fully dissipate, reigniting the pilot light could cause a fire.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Connecting a Manometer\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Twist the outlet port cap counterclockwise by hand to remove it.\", \"描述\": \"Check underneath the valve on the side of the box. It will have a hole covered by a metal cap. For many furnaces, you can remove the cap by rotating it counterclockwise. Set the cap aside to reveal the open port. This port allows you to monitor the gas pressure while adjusting the valve.\\nSome gas valves require you to have a hex key. If you need one, fit a ⁄32 in (0.24 cm) hex key into the cap and turn it counterclockwise to remove it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Hook a clear connecting hose to the barbed tip of a manometer.\", \"描述\": \"A manometer is a handheld device that measures gas pressure. Get one that measures in inches of water column (WC). The manometer should also come with a clear connecting hose. If it doesn’t, buy a manometer hose separately. Push the hose onto the metal barb on top of the manometer to set it up.\\nDual-port manometers have a pair of barbs. If yours is like this, use a double-ended hose that can connect to both barbs at once.\\nYou can buy manometers online and at many hardware stores.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Plug the manometer into the outlet port with a tube adapter.\", \"描述\": \"A manometer tube adapter is a plug that connects the testing tube to the furnace. To install a new adapter, push the circular end into the manometer hose until it stays in place. Plug the barbed end of the adapter into the furnace’s outlet, then turn it clockwise by hand to lock it in place.\\nIf the manometer tube doesn’t come with an adapter, purchase one separately. Most furnaces work well with a ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) adapter. On some furnaces, you can push the tube onto the outlet port without using an adapter.\\nIf you have a two-stage gas furnace, start with the taller valve, which is responsible for the high-pressure setting. Each valve will have its own outlet, so make sure you have the manometer hooked up to the right one!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tuning the High-Pressure Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check the safe pressure setting listed near the valve.\", \"描述\": \"Look all over the furnace for some stickers placed by the manufacturer. They contain a lot of valuable information, including the correct pressure settings for the gas valve. The pressure listings are often on the access panel itself, but they can also be on one of the other exterior panels.\\nIf you have a two-stage furnace, look for separate high and low-pressure listings.\\nIf you aren’t able to find the pressure setting used by your furnace, contact a professional. Using the wrong setting can cause the furnace to overheat, so avoid the risk of having to contend with costly repairs.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn on the manometer to get an initial pressure reading.\", \"描述\": \"Press the power button on the manometer’s front to turn it on. It will light up right away as it detects the gas pressure. Set the manometer in a spot where it is out your way but still readable. Many manometers have a magnet on the back that you can use to hang up the device nearby while you work. \\nIf the manometer doesn’t light up, make sure it is well-connected to the valve. Check that the gas and pilot light are on as well.\\nIf the furnace seems to be working, remove the battery cover on the back end of the manometer. They usually run on a single 9-volt battery. Replace it to see if the battery is dead.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set the high pressure to 3.5 inches of water column (WC) for natural gas.\", \"描述\": \"Note that the optimal setting varies between furnaces, so consult the manufacturer’s instructions before making any adjustments. When you’re ready, go back to the screw on the top or side of the gas valve. Use a flathead screwdriver to turn the screw. Rotating it clockwise raises the gas pressure, while rotating it counterclockwise reduces the pressure. If your furnace only has one pressure valve, you can remove the manometer and cover the outlet port.\\nFor a propane furnace, the valve has to be set to 11 inches of WC or a similar number.\\nKeep an eye on the manometer, since its display will change as you adjust the valve.\\nTune the gas pressure gradually. For safety, tune it to the pressure rating recommended by the manufacturer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Altering the Low-Pressure Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate the shorter valve if your furnace has one.\", \"描述\": \"Find the metal box along the middle part of the gas pipe. The taller valve is the one responsible for the high-pressure setting on a two-stage furnace. Look for a noticeably shorter valve next to it. Besides being a little shorter, the low-pressure valve will look almost identical to the high pressure one. Set the high pressure first, then keep the manometer attached to the outlet port.\\nLow-pressure valves often have a much shorter screw than high-pressure valves do, so you can use that to tell them apart.\\nNot all furnaces have both valves. If you don’t have a two-stage furnace, you won’t have to worry about setting high and low pressures. The manufacturer’s directions will only have a single recommended pressure listed as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the heat down low using the thermostat.\", \"描述\": \"Turn it down as low as it can go. At a low-temperature setting, your furnace doesn’t need to create as much heat, so the high-pressure valve shuts off. Watch the manometer’s display, since it will change as it detects the lower pressure. You will also be able to hear the furnace get quieter as the temperature drops.\\nYou won’t have to disconnect the manometer at all. Leave it connected to the outlet valve near the pipe.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjust the low-pressure valve to 1.6 WC for natural gas.\", \"描述\": \"Check the pressure setting recommended by the manufacturer. When you have it, slip a flathead screwdriver into the valve. Turn it clockwise to raise the pressure and counterclockwise to lower it. Once it’s at the recommended setting, your furnace will be in working order again.\\nThe proper pressure can vary from furnace to furnace. For instance, on a propane furnace, it will be around 4.0 inches of WC.\\nMixing up the high and low-pressure settings is easy, so double-check the instructional sticker near the access panel. Make sure you’re using the “high fire” number for the high-pressure valve and the “low fire” number for the low-pressure valve.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Remove the manometer and close up the furnace.\", \"描述\": \"Unscrew the adapter from the pressure valve outlet, then return the outlet plug. Hang the front access panel on the furnace next. If it had screws, put them back and turn them clockwise to secure it in place. \\nIf you are sure the gas pressure is correct but are still experiencing problems with the furnace, contact a heating and cooling specialist.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If the furnace won’t turn on at all, check the control knob on the gas pipe leading from the wall of your home to your furnace. If it has been turned perpendicular to the pipe, rotate it to allow gas to reach the furnace.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Keep an eye on the thermostat to see if it is functioning. Make sure the display matches the heat given off by the furnace.[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If you are unable to adjust the valve or notice anything wrong with your furnace, contact a heating and cooling technician in your area. Let them make sure the furnace is safe to use.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Approach an active furnace carefully to avoid burns or electric shock. Avoid touching exposed electrical wires, and operate gas valves with caution.\\n\", \"If your furnace is off, reactivating the pilot light can lead to a fire. Make sure you have drained all gas out of the line before reigniting the pilot light.[14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,407
How to Adjust a Garage Door Spring
1. Preparing for Adjustment 1-1. Recognize side-mounted extension springs. There are two kinds of springs your garage door might use: side-mounted extension springs or torsion springs. Before you can adjust the spring on your garage door, you must determine what kind of springs your door has. Side-mounted springs are easier to adjust, while torsion springs are more dangerous to meddle with, so you would be better off calling a professional if you have these. Side-mounted extension springs run above and parallel to the door track, and they'll have an attached pulley and cable. The cable, which holds the spring, attaches to hooks in the track hanger assembly. There will be two springs: one above each track on either side of the garage door. 1-2. Recognize torsion springs. Torsion springs are mounted above the door and will run along a metal shaft that's parallel with the top of the door. This type of mechanism is usually used for doors that are over 10 feet wide. Lighter and smaller doors may only have a single torsion spring, while larger and heavier doors may have two springs, with one located on either side of the central plate. 1-3. Understand the problem. Improper spring tension can cause many problems with how your garage door opens and closes. The problem you're having will help you figure out how you need to adjust the spring to fix the door. Doors that need spring adjustments may: Be difficult to open or close Open or close too quickly Not close fully or properly Close unevenly and leave a gap. 1-4. Determine your solution. Depending on your problem, you will either need to increase or decrease the spring tension on the door. You will need to: Decrease the tension if your door isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly. Increase the tension if the door is difficult to open or closes too quickly. Adjust the tension on one side (where the gap is) if your door is closing evenly. 1-5. Assemble your tools. There are some basic tools and safety equipment you'll need for this job. Your safety equipment includes gloves, safety glasses, and a hard hat. Your other tools are a sturdy ladder, a C-clamp, an adjustable wrench, and a marker or masking tape. If you are going to be adjusting torsion springs, you will also need two winding bars or solid steel rods. The rods or bars should be 18 to 24 inches (45.7 to 61 cm) in length. Solid steel bars can be purchased at hardware stores. You will need to measure the diameter of the holes in the winding cone (the collar that secures the spring to the metal shaft) to determine what size bar or rod to use. Most cones have a hole diameter of 1/2 inch. Do not attempt to use any sort of tool as a substitute for the winding bars or steel rods. 2. Side-Mounted Springs 2-1. Open your garage door fully. Before you can work, you need to release the tension on the springs. Open the door until it hits the stop bolt and can't go any farther. For an automatic door: Open the door, unplug the opener, and disconnect the door from the opener by pulling the emergency release cord down and back until the spring locks in the open position. You will then be able to open the door fully and release the tension on the springs. 2-2. Secure the door in place. Place a C-clamp below the bottom roller, or use two locking pliers (one on each track under the bottom rollers). This will ensure the door doesn't fall while you are working. 2-3. Remove the spring hook. The spring will be attached to the track hanger by a large hook that's kept in place with a nut. Once there's no more tension on the spring, remove it from the track hanger. Use the adjustable wrench to remove the nut on the back side of the bracket. You'll now be able to move the hook to a lower or higher hole to decrease or increase the tension. 2-4. Adjust the tension. To make sure you achieve the right tension, adjust the spring by one hole at a time., one at a time, if your door was balanced. Once you've moved the hook to its new location, replace the nut on the back and use the wrench to tighten the hook into place. and fix a door that isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly, hook the spring onto a lower hole on the track hanger. This reduces the length of the spring and the tension on it. and fix a door that is difficult to open or closes too quickly, hook the spring onto a higher hole on the track hanger. This stretches the spring and increases the tension on it. and correct a door that wasn't closing evenly, adjust the spring only on the side where the gap was. Decrease the tension on that side by hooking the spring onto a lower hole on the track hanger. 2-5. Test your door for functionality and balance. After adjusting your spring(s) by one hole, unclamp the door and test the springs by lowering the door to see how it feels. Make another single-hole adjustment if your door is still closing too quickly, slowly, or unevenly (with gaps). Repeat steps one to five until your door is closing properly and evenly, or until your gap is gone. 2-6. Adjust the cable to make minor tension adjustments. The cable inside the spring will also be attached to a hook or the track, and you can adjust this by tightening or loosening the knot or the clamp attaching it and tweaking the length of the cable. Shorten the cable to slightly increase the tension, or lengthen it to slightly decrease the tension. Your cable may be attached to the track by an S-hook, and if that's the case, move the hook to a higher hole to increase tension slightly or to a lower hole to decrease tension slightly. 2-7. Test the door. Determine if your door is opening and closing the way you would like, and ensure it's balanced (closes evenly and without gaps). Continue making minor adjustments with the cable and testing the door until it's correct. When you have finished with your adjustments, be sure to remove anything that was securing the door in place, pull on the emergency cord to release the spring and reattach the door to the opener, and plug in your automatic door opener. 3. Torsion Springs 3-1. Close the garage door. Unplug the opener if you have an automatic garage door. Note that because the garage door will be down, this will mean: The springs will be under tension, which increases the risk of injury. Call a professional if you don't feel confident dealing with a spring under this much tension. You should have sufficient lighting in the garage to work comfortably. You will need an alternate way out if anything should happen. All your tools need to be inside the garage with you when you begin. 3-2. Secure the door. Place a C-clamp or a pair of locking pliers on the track of the garage door just above the bottom roller. This will prevent the door from popping open when you're adjusting the tension. 3-3. Locate the winding cone. From the stationary center plate, use your eye to follow the spring out to where it ends. At the end, there will be a winding cone keeping it in place. The cone will have four holes evenly spaced around it, plus two set screws that are used to lock the spring in place on the center shaft. To alter the tension on the spring, you will be adjusting the winding cone by inserting the winding bars into the holes and rotating the cone in one direction or the other. 3-4. Loosen the set screws. Insert the winding cone or solid steel rod into the bottom hole on the winding collar. Hold the cone in place with the bar and loosen the screws. Check the shaft to see if there are any flattened or depressed areas where the screws are meant to be set. If so, make sure you replace the screws in these same flats when you are finished with your adjustment to ensure they hold more securely. 3-5. Prepare to adjust the tension. Insert the bars into two successive holes in the winding cone. Position yourself to the side of the bars so that your head and body are not in the way if the spring breaks. Always be ready to move quickly. 3-6. Adjust the tension. Make sure the bars are fully inserted, and manually rotate the cone in 1/4 increments. To determine a 1/4 turn, rotate the winding bars 90 degrees. for a door that's difficult to open or closes too quickly, wind the cone up (in the same direction as the garage door cable goes through the pulley). for a door that isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly, wind the cone down (in the opposite direction from how the garage door cable passes through the pulley). Unless you know exactly how much you need to adjust your door, go through all the steps and test the door. Repeat as necessary, working in 1/4 turns, until you achieve the proper tension. 3-7. Stretch the spring. Keep the bottom-most winding bar in place and remove the second bar. Measure out 1/4 inch from the end of the winding cone (away from the center) and make a mark with a marker or piece of masking tape. With the bar still in the bottom hole, pull slightly up (toward the ceiling) on the bar and toward the center plate. As you do this: Continue holding the bar up and over and tap on it with the second bar. Tap it just below the winding cone. Tap it away from the center plate and toward the mark on the shaft. Tap the bar until you have stretched the spring to meet the mark on the shaft. 3-8. Tighten the set screws. Once you've stretched the spring out 1/4 inch, hold it in place with the one bar and lock it in place on the shaft by tightening the set screws. Make sure you replace the screws into their flats if there were any on the shaft. 3-9. Repeat on the other side. Some torsion spring mechanisms have two springs (one on either side of the center plate), and if this is the case, repeat steps four to eight on the other spring. Torsion springs must be adjusted equally to ensure balance. 3-10. Test your door. Remove any clamps or pliers that are securing the door and test the door to see if you have adjusted the tension enough. If not, repeat steps four to ten until you have found the right tension to correct the problem you were having. Once your adjustments have been made, plug your opener back in if you have an automatic garage door. 3-11. Lubricate the springs. You should lubricate all springs, hinges, bearings, and metal rollers twice a year with a lithium- or silicone-based spray. Don't use WD-40. Warnings Unless you are confident in your skills as a DIY fixer, consider calling a professional instead of trying to adjust a torsion spring on your own. Serious injury can occur because of the amount of tension the spring is under.[28] X Expert Source Barry ZakarHandyman Expert Interview. 20 August 2020.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:16", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing for Adjustment\\n1-1. Recognize side-mounted extension springs.\\nThere are two kinds of springs your garage door might use: side-mounted extension springs or torsion springs. Before you can adjust the spring on your garage door, you must determine what kind of springs your door has. Side-mounted springs are easier to adjust, while torsion springs are more dangerous to meddle with, so you would be better off calling a professional if you have these.\\nSide-mounted extension springs run above and parallel to the door track, and they'll have an attached pulley and cable. The cable, which holds the spring, attaches to hooks in the track hanger assembly. There will be two springs: one above each track on either side of the garage door.\\n1-2. Recognize torsion springs.\\nTorsion springs are mounted above the door and will run along a metal shaft that's parallel with the top of the door. This type of mechanism is usually used for doors that are over 10 feet wide.\\nLighter and smaller doors may only have a single torsion spring, while larger and heavier doors may have two springs, with one located on either side of the central plate.\\n1-3. Understand the problem.\\nImproper spring tension can cause many problems with how your garage door opens and closes. The problem you're having will help you figure out how you need to adjust the spring to fix the door. Doors that need spring adjustments may:\\nBe difficult to open or close\\nOpen or close too quickly\\nNot close fully or properly\\nClose unevenly and leave a gap.\\n1-4. Determine your solution.\\nDepending on your problem, you will either need to increase or decrease the spring tension on the door. You will need to:\\nDecrease the tension if your door isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly.\\nIncrease the tension if the door is difficult to open or closes too quickly.\\nAdjust the tension on one side (where the gap is) if your door is closing evenly.\\n1-5. Assemble your tools.\\nThere are some basic tools and safety equipment you'll need for this job. Your safety equipment includes gloves, safety glasses, and a hard hat. Your other tools are a sturdy ladder, a C-clamp, an adjustable wrench, and a marker or masking tape. If you are going to be adjusting torsion springs, you will also need two winding bars or solid steel rods.\\nThe rods or bars should be 18 to 24 inches (45.7 to 61 cm) in length.\\nSolid steel bars can be purchased at hardware stores.\\nYou will need to measure the diameter of the holes in the winding cone (the collar that secures the spring to the metal shaft) to determine what size bar or rod to use. Most cones have a hole diameter of 1/2 inch.\\nDo not attempt to use any sort of tool as a substitute for the winding bars or steel rods.\\n2. Side-Mounted Springs\\n2-1. Open your garage door fully.\\nBefore you can work, you need to release the tension on the springs. Open the door until it hits the stop bolt and can't go any farther. For an automatic door:\\nOpen the door, unplug the opener, and disconnect the door from the opener by pulling the emergency release cord down and back until the spring locks in the open position. You will then be able to open the door fully and release the tension on the springs.\\n2-2. Secure the door in place.\\nPlace a C-clamp below the bottom roller, or use two locking pliers (one on each track under the bottom rollers). This will ensure the door doesn't fall while you are working.\\n2-3. Remove the spring hook.\\nThe spring will be attached to the track hanger by a large hook that's kept in place with a nut. Once there's no more tension on the spring, remove it from the track hanger. Use the adjustable wrench to remove the nut on the back side of the bracket.\\nYou'll now be able to move the hook to a lower or higher hole to decrease or increase the tension.\\n2-4. Adjust the tension.\\nTo make sure you achieve the right tension, adjust the spring by one hole at a time., one at a time, if your door was balanced. Once you've moved the hook to its new location, replace the nut on the back and use the wrench to tighten the hook into place.\\n\\n and fix a door that isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly, hook the spring onto a lower hole on the track hanger. This reduces the length of the spring and the tension on it.\\n\\n and fix a door that is difficult to open or closes too quickly, hook the spring onto a higher hole on the track hanger. This stretches the spring and increases the tension on it.\\n\\n and correct a door that wasn't closing evenly, adjust the spring only on the side where the gap was. Decrease the tension on that side by hooking the spring onto a lower hole on the track hanger.\\n2-5. Test your door for functionality and balance.\\nAfter adjusting your spring(s) by one hole, unclamp the door and test the springs by lowering the door to see how it feels. Make another single-hole adjustment if your door is still closing too quickly, slowly, or unevenly (with gaps).\\nRepeat steps one to five until your door is closing properly and evenly, or until your gap is gone.\\n2-6. Adjust the cable to make minor tension adjustments.\\nThe cable inside the spring will also be attached to a hook or the track, and you can adjust this by tightening or loosening the knot or the clamp attaching it and tweaking the length of the cable.\\nShorten the cable to slightly increase the tension, or lengthen it to slightly decrease the tension.\\nYour cable may be attached to the track by an S-hook, and if that's the case, move the hook to a higher hole to increase tension slightly or to a lower hole to decrease tension slightly.\\n2-7. Test the door.\\nDetermine if your door is opening and closing the way you would like, and ensure it's balanced (closes evenly and without gaps). Continue making minor adjustments with the cable and testing the door until it's correct.\\nWhen you have finished with your adjustments, be sure to remove anything that was securing the door in place, pull on the emergency cord to release the spring and reattach the door to the opener, and plug in your automatic door opener.\\n3. Torsion Springs\\n3-1. Close the garage door.\\nUnplug the opener if you have an automatic garage door. Note that because the garage door will be down, this will mean:\\nThe springs will be under tension, which increases the risk of injury. Call a professional if you don't feel confident dealing with a spring under this much tension.\\nYou should have sufficient lighting in the garage to work comfortably.\\nYou will need an alternate way out if anything should happen.\\nAll your tools need to be inside the garage with you when you begin.\\n3-2. Secure the door.\\nPlace a C-clamp or a pair of locking pliers on the track of the garage door just above the bottom roller. This will prevent the door from popping open when you're adjusting the tension.\\n3-3. Locate the winding cone.\\nFrom the stationary center plate, use your eye to follow the spring out to where it ends. At the end, there will be a winding cone keeping it in place. The cone will have four holes evenly spaced around it, plus two set screws that are used to lock the spring in place on the center shaft.\\nTo alter the tension on the spring, you will be adjusting the winding cone by inserting the winding bars into the holes and rotating the cone in one direction or the other.\\n3-4. Loosen the set screws.\\nInsert the winding cone or solid steel rod into the bottom hole on the winding collar. Hold the cone in place with the bar and loosen the screws.\\nCheck the shaft to see if there are any flattened or depressed areas where the screws are meant to be set. If so, make sure you replace the screws in these same flats when you are finished with your adjustment to ensure they hold more securely.\\n3-5. Prepare to adjust the tension.\\nInsert the bars into two successive holes in the winding cone. Position yourself to the side of the bars so that your head and body are not in the way if the spring breaks. Always be ready to move quickly.\\n3-6. Adjust the tension.\\nMake sure the bars are fully inserted, and manually rotate the cone in 1/4 increments. To determine a 1/4 turn, rotate the winding bars 90 degrees.\\n\\n for a door that's difficult to open or closes too quickly, wind the cone up (in the same direction as the garage door cable goes through the pulley).\\n for a door that isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly, wind the cone down (in the opposite direction from how the garage door cable passes through the pulley).\\nUnless you know exactly how much you need to adjust your door, go through all the steps and test the door. Repeat as necessary, working in 1/4 turns, until you achieve the proper tension.\\n3-7. Stretch the spring.\\nKeep the bottom-most winding bar in place and remove the second bar. Measure out 1/4 inch from the end of the winding cone (away from the center) and make a mark with a marker or piece of masking tape. With the bar still in the bottom hole, pull slightly up (toward the ceiling) on the bar and toward the center plate. As you do this:\\nContinue holding the bar up and over and tap on it with the second bar. Tap it just below the winding cone. Tap it away from the center plate and toward the mark on the shaft.\\nTap the bar until you have stretched the spring to meet the mark on the shaft.\\n3-8. Tighten the set screws.\\nOnce you've stretched the spring out 1/4 inch, hold it in place with the one bar and lock it in place on the shaft by tightening the set screws.\\nMake sure you replace the screws into their flats if there were any on the shaft.\\n3-9. Repeat on the other side.\\nSome torsion spring mechanisms have two springs (one on either side of the center plate), and if this is the case, repeat steps four to eight on the other spring. Torsion springs must be adjusted equally to ensure balance.\\n3-10. Test your door.\\nRemove any clamps or pliers that are securing the door and test the door to see if you have adjusted the tension enough. If not, repeat steps four to ten until you have found the right tension to correct the problem you were having.\\nOnce your adjustments have been made, plug your opener back in if you have an automatic garage door.\\n3-11. Lubricate the springs.\\nYou should lubricate all springs, hinges, bearings, and metal rollers twice a year with a lithium- or silicone-based spray. Don't use WD-40.\\nWarnings\\nUnless you are confident in your skills as a DIY fixer, consider calling a professional instead of trying to adjust a torsion spring on your own. Serious injury can occur because of the amount of tension the spring is under.[28]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nBarry ZakarHandyman\\nExpert Interview. 20 August 2020.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Garage door springs offset the weight of the door and allow it to open and close with ease. A problem with the spring tension could cause the door to open or close unevenly, improperly, or at the wrong speed, and adjusting the springs will likely solve the problem. Garage doors come in different styles that use two different types of springs, and whether you've got an easy fix on your hands or a more difficult and dangerous task will depend on what style of door you have. You may be better off seeking the services of a professional if your door has torsion springs, especially if you don't have the proper tools, have no experience, or lack a mechanical background.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing for Adjustment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Recognize side-mounted extension springs.\", \"描述\": \"There are two kinds of springs your garage door might use: side-mounted extension springs or torsion springs. Before you can adjust the spring on your garage door, you must determine what kind of springs your door has. Side-mounted springs are easier to adjust, while torsion springs are more dangerous to meddle with, so you would be better off calling a professional if you have these.\\nSide-mounted extension springs run above and parallel to the door track, and they'll have an attached pulley and cable. The cable, which holds the spring, attaches to hooks in the track hanger assembly. There will be two springs: one above each track on either side of the garage door.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Recognize torsion springs.\", \"描述\": \"Torsion springs are mounted above the door and will run along a metal shaft that's parallel with the top of the door. This type of mechanism is usually used for doors that are over 10 feet wide.\\nLighter and smaller doors may only have a single torsion spring, while larger and heavier doors may have two springs, with one located on either side of the central plate.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand the problem.\", \"描述\": \"Improper spring tension can cause many problems with how your garage door opens and closes. The problem you're having will help you figure out how you need to adjust the spring to fix the door. Doors that need spring adjustments may:\\nBe difficult to open or close\\nOpen or close too quickly\\nNot close fully or properly\\nClose unevenly and leave a gap.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Determine your solution.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on your problem, you will either need to increase or decrease the spring tension on the door. You will need to:\\nDecrease the tension if your door isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly.\\nIncrease the tension if the door is difficult to open or closes too quickly.\\nAdjust the tension on one side (where the gap is) if your door is closing evenly.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Assemble your tools.\", \"描述\": \"There are some basic tools and safety equipment you'll need for this job. Your safety equipment includes gloves, safety glasses, and a hard hat. Your other tools are a sturdy ladder, a C-clamp, an adjustable wrench, and a marker or masking tape. If you are going to be adjusting torsion springs, you will also need two winding bars or solid steel rods.\\nThe rods or bars should be 18 to 24 inches (45.7 to 61 cm) in length.\\nSolid steel bars can be purchased at hardware stores.\\nYou will need to measure the diameter of the holes in the winding cone (the collar that secures the spring to the metal shaft) to determine what size bar or rod to use. Most cones have a hole diameter of 1/2 inch.\\nDo not attempt to use any sort of tool as a substitute for the winding bars or steel rods.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Side-Mounted Springs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your garage door fully.\", \"描述\": \"Before you can work, you need to release the tension on the springs. Open the door until it hits the stop bolt and can't go any farther. For an automatic door:\\nOpen the door, unplug the opener, and disconnect the door from the opener by pulling the emergency release cord down and back until the spring locks in the open position. You will then be able to open the door fully and release the tension on the springs.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Secure the door in place.\", \"描述\": \"Place a C-clamp below the bottom roller, or use two locking pliers (one on each track under the bottom rollers). This will ensure the door doesn't fall while you are working.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the spring hook.\", \"描述\": \"The spring will be attached to the track hanger by a large hook that's kept in place with a nut. Once there's no more tension on the spring, remove it from the track hanger. Use the adjustable wrench to remove the nut on the back side of the bracket.\\nYou'll now be able to move the hook to a lower or higher hole to decrease or increase the tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adjust the tension.\", \"描述\": \"To make sure you achieve the right tension, adjust the spring by one hole at a time., one at a time, if your door was balanced. Once you've moved the hook to its new location, replace the nut on the back and use the wrench to tighten the hook into place.\\n\\n and fix a door that isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly, hook the spring onto a lower hole on the track hanger. This reduces the length of the spring and the tension on it.\\n\\n and fix a door that is difficult to open or closes too quickly, hook the spring onto a higher hole on the track hanger. This stretches the spring and increases the tension on it.\\n\\n and correct a door that wasn't closing evenly, adjust the spring only on the side where the gap was. Decrease the tension on that side by hooking the spring onto a lower hole on the track hanger.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Test your door for functionality and balance.\", \"描述\": \"After adjusting your spring(s) by one hole, unclamp the door and test the springs by lowering the door to see how it feels. Make another single-hole adjustment if your door is still closing too quickly, slowly, or unevenly (with gaps).\\nRepeat steps one to five until your door is closing properly and evenly, or until your gap is gone.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Adjust the cable to make minor tension adjustments.\", \"描述\": \"The cable inside the spring will also be attached to a hook or the track, and you can adjust this by tightening or loosening the knot or the clamp attaching it and tweaking the length of the cable.\\nShorten the cable to slightly increase the tension, or lengthen it to slightly decrease the tension.\\nYour cable may be attached to the track by an S-hook, and if that's the case, move the hook to a higher hole to increase tension slightly or to a lower hole to decrease tension slightly.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Test the door.\", \"描述\": \"Determine if your door is opening and closing the way you would like, and ensure it's balanced (closes evenly and without gaps). Continue making minor adjustments with the cable and testing the door until it's correct.\\nWhen you have finished with your adjustments, be sure to remove anything that was securing the door in place, pull on the emergency cord to release the spring and reattach the door to the opener, and plug in your automatic door opener.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Torsion Springs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Close the garage door.\", \"描述\": \"Unplug the opener if you have an automatic garage door. Note that because the garage door will be down, this will mean:\\nThe springs will be under tension, which increases the risk of injury. Call a professional if you don't feel confident dealing with a spring under this much tension.\\nYou should have sufficient lighting in the garage to work comfortably.\\nYou will need an alternate way out if anything should happen.\\nAll your tools need to be inside the garage with you when you begin.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Secure the door.\", \"描述\": \"Place a C-clamp or a pair of locking pliers on the track of the garage door just above the bottom roller. This will prevent the door from popping open when you're adjusting the tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Locate the winding cone.\", \"描述\": \"From the stationary center plate, use your eye to follow the spring out to where it ends. At the end, there will be a winding cone keeping it in place. The cone will have four holes evenly spaced around it, plus two set screws that are used to lock the spring in place on the center shaft.\\nTo alter the tension on the spring, you will be adjusting the winding cone by inserting the winding bars into the holes and rotating the cone in one direction or the other.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Loosen the set screws.\", \"描述\": \"Insert the winding cone or solid steel rod into the bottom hole on the winding collar. Hold the cone in place with the bar and loosen the screws.\\nCheck the shaft to see if there are any flattened or depressed areas where the screws are meant to be set. If so, make sure you replace the screws in these same flats when you are finished with your adjustment to ensure they hold more securely.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prepare to adjust the tension.\", \"描述\": \"Insert the bars into two successive holes in the winding cone. Position yourself to the side of the bars so that your head and body are not in the way if the spring breaks. Always be ready to move quickly.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Adjust the tension.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the bars are fully inserted, and manually rotate the cone in 1/4 increments. To determine a 1/4 turn, rotate the winding bars 90 degrees.\\n\\n for a door that's difficult to open or closes too quickly, wind the cone up (in the same direction as the garage door cable goes through the pulley).\\n for a door that isn't closing fully, is difficult to close, or opens too quickly, wind the cone down (in the opposite direction from how the garage door cable passes through the pulley).\\nUnless you know exactly how much you need to adjust your door, go through all the steps and test the door. Repeat as necessary, working in 1/4 turns, until you achieve the proper tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Stretch the spring.\", \"描述\": \"Keep the bottom-most winding bar in place and remove the second bar. Measure out 1/4 inch from the end of the winding cone (away from the center) and make a mark with a marker or piece of masking tape. With the bar still in the bottom hole, pull slightly up (toward the ceiling) on the bar and toward the center plate. As you do this:\\nContinue holding the bar up and over and tap on it with the second bar. Tap it just below the winding cone. Tap it away from the center plate and toward the mark on the shaft.\\nTap the bar until you have stretched the spring to meet the mark on the shaft.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Tighten the set screws.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've stretched the spring out 1/4 inch, hold it in place with the one bar and lock it in place on the shaft by tightening the set screws.\\nMake sure you replace the screws into their flats if there were any on the shaft.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Repeat on the other side.\", \"描述\": \"Some torsion spring mechanisms have two springs (one on either side of the center plate), and if this is the case, repeat steps four to eight on the other spring. Torsion springs must be adjusted equally to ensure balance.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Test your door.\", \"描述\": \"Remove any clamps or pliers that are securing the door and test the door to see if you have adjusted the tension enough. If not, repeat steps four to ten until you have found the right tension to correct the problem you were having.\\nOnce your adjustments have been made, plug your opener back in if you have an automatic garage door.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Lubricate the springs.\", \"描述\": \"You should lubricate all springs, hinges, bearings, and metal rollers twice a year with a lithium- or silicone-based spray. Don't use WD-40.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Unless you are confident in your skills as a DIY fixer, consider calling a professional instead of trying to adjust a torsion spring on your own. Serious injury can occur because of the amount of tension the spring is under.[28]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nBarry ZakarHandyman\\nExpert Interview. 20 August 2020.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,408
How to Adjust a Hot Water Heater
1. Adjusting a Gas Water Heater 1-1. Consider whether your water temperature is in need of adjusting. For safety reasons, most manufacturers recommend that the water you use in your homestay at around 120 °F (49 °C). Most water heaters will already be set to this temperature when they’re installed. To limit the risk of injury, it’s best to just leave it alone in most cases. If your water seems unusually cold, the problem may be a broken heating element or poor insulation rather than the temperature of the water heater itself. A qualified plumber can help diagnose and repair a faulty water heater. 1-2. Twist the dial on the bottom of the water heater to change the temperature. Gas water heaters are easy—they feature a single knob that controls the amount of heat being directed to the unit. Turning this knob to the left (counterclockwise) will crank up the temperature, making the water hotter. Turning it to the right (clockwise) will cool it down. On the majority of gas water heaters, the lower temperature range will be somewhere around 90–110 °F (32–43 °C), while the upper range will top out at around 140–150 °F (60–66 °C). The dial on your gas water heater may not be numbered, which can make finding the perfect temperature a little tricky. One simple way around this is to take the temperature of the water a few times after altering your settings, then tag the exact degree reading or mark it on the dial itself. 1-3. Increase the temperature to enjoy warmer water for cleaning and bathing. There are a couple advantages of having hotter water in your home. For one, it can make a shower or soak in the tub more luxurious, since you won’t have to worry about running out of hot water as quickly. It can also give appliances that don’t use preheated water (like dishwashers and washing machines) a boost, which will help get dirty items cleaner. Hotter temperatures are more effective for eliminating most common bacteria, including health hazards like Legionella, E. coli, and staphylococcus. Avoid setting your water heater to a temperature higher than 120 °F (49 °C). Doing so can present a serious risk of burns, especially for children and the elderly. 1-4. Decrease the temperature to save money on your utilities. Heating large quantities of water gets expensive fast. If you’re looking to shave a few dollars off your next heating bill, consider lowering your water heater’s temperature setting to the 100–110 °F (38–43 °C) range. Even a small change can save you big over the course of a few months. Keep in mind that your water won’t get as hot, which may impact your comfort or the level of sanitation for cleaning projects. 2. Adjusting an Electric Water Heater 2-1. Shut off the power to the water heater. Head to your home’s central circuit breaker and locate the switch corresponding to the water heat. Flip this switch to the “Off” position. This will cut off the electricity flowing to the unit, allowing you to open it up without fear of being zapped. Don’t attempt to make any alterations to your water heat before double checking that the power is safely off. If the breaker for your water heater isn’t labeled, it may be necessary to use a multimeter to test for a live current. You’re looking for a reading of zero volts. Don’t forget to tag the correct breaker when you’re done. 2-2. Remove the access panel from the side of the unit. Identify the two screws at the top and bottom of the panel and use a flat-blade screwdriver to loosen them. Pull the panel free from the body of the unit and set it aside somewhere nearby. Be careful not to lose the screws. On some models, there may be a separate plastic cover beneath the metal access panel. This should come away easily with a gentle tug. 2-3. Pull out or push aside the insulation covering the thermostat. Inside the water heater, you’ll find a thicker layer of insulation. If it’s a single piece made from styrofoam or similar material, you’ll be able to simply lift it out. Move fiberglass insulation out of the way by hand to clear a path to the thermostat controls. The insulation inside a water heater is used to reduce heat loss and ensure more accurate readings. 2-4. Use a flat-blade screwdriver to raise or lower the temperature setting. The high- and low-end temperature ranges will be displayed at the bottom of the thermostat. Insert the tip of the screwdriver into the colored adjusting screw to change the temperature. Twisting it to the left (counterclockwise) will decrease the temperature while twisting it to the right (clockwise) will increase it. The adjusting screws on newer electric water heaters feature indicator hands which tell you approximately how hot the current setting is. Pay attention to where the hand rests, as this will allow you to fine-tune your water temperature more precisely. If your water heater makes use of dual heating elements, make sure both thermostats are set to the same temperature so that one isn’t forced to do more work than the other. 2-5. Replace the insulation and access panel. When you’re satisfied with the new temperature setting, put everything back the way you found it. Make sure the insulation is completely covering the internal thermostat, then fit both protective covers back into place and tighten the screws to secure them. 2-6. Restore the power to the water heater. Return to your main breaker and toggle the switch for the water heater to the “On” position. The electricity will once again be live, so avoid making any further tweaks after this point. It may take up to an hour for your running water to reach its maximum temperature after having your unit shut off for an extended period. 3. Testing Your Water Temperature 3-1. Fill a glass with hot water. Turn on the tap nearest to the water heater and allow it to run for a full minute. Once it’s as hot as it can get, hold a drinking glass or similar container under the stream until you’ve caught a few inches. For the most accurate reading possible, it’s best to use a container that’s been kept at room temperature. 3-2. Insert a cooking thermometer into the hot water. Have your thermometer on standby so you can drop it in as soon as you’ve filled the container. Make sure the probe is fully submerged, then wait 30-60 seconds for it to gauge the temperature. Write down the number you get for reference. It can help you work out the ideal temperature range for your home, or point to potential heating issues outside of the unit itself. If you don’t place the thermometer in the water right away, the water may have a chance to cool down enough to throw off your reading. 3-3. Determine whether the water is hot enough. Assuming that the temperature is at or around 120 °F (49 °C), you can rest assured that your water heater is performing up to snuff. Any lower than that and it may need to be bumped up a few degrees. Remember that temperatures exceeding 120 °F (49 °C) will be too intense for most home. Increase your water temperature in 10 degree increments to reduce the risk of scalding. 3-4. Wait 3 hours before retesting the water temperature. It will take a little time for your water heater to catch up to the new temperature setting, so be patient while it reaches the desired warmth. In the meantime, hold off on running a bath or operating any appliances in case the water being circulated is hotter than you intended. Take care of any necessary adjustments before everyone in your home begins their daily routine. Tips Consider dropping the temperature of your water heater during the spring and summer months when you tend to use less hot water. Non-domestic establishments like restaurants may be able to get by using a temperature setting as high as 140 °F (60 °C). Warnings It only takes two seconds to receive third-degree burns from water heated to 140–150 °F (60–66 °C) If you have any doubts about your ability to adjust your water heater safely and correctly yourself, call a professional plumber for assistance. Never attempt to tamper with a water heater if you're not familiar with how the controls work. One bad mistake and it could start a very big problem.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:16", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting a Gas Water Heater\\n1-1. Consider whether your water temperature is in need of adjusting.\\nFor safety reasons, most manufacturers recommend that the water you use in your homestay at around 120 °F (49 °C). Most water heaters will already be set to this temperature when they’re installed. To limit the risk of injury, it’s best to just leave it alone in most cases.\\nIf your water seems unusually cold, the problem may be a broken heating element or poor insulation rather than the temperature of the water heater itself. A qualified plumber can help diagnose and repair a faulty water heater.\\n1-2. Twist the dial on the bottom of the water heater to change the temperature.\\nGas water heaters are easy—they feature a single knob that controls the amount of heat being directed to the unit. Turning this knob to the left (counterclockwise) will crank up the temperature, making the water hotter. Turning it to the right (clockwise) will cool it down.\\nOn the majority of gas water heaters, the lower temperature range will be somewhere around 90–110 °F (32–43 °C), while the upper range will top out at around 140–150 °F (60–66 °C).\\nThe dial on your gas water heater may not be numbered, which can make finding the perfect temperature a little tricky. One simple way around this is to take the temperature of the water a few times after altering your settings, then tag the exact degree reading or mark it on the dial itself.\\n1-3. Increase the temperature to enjoy warmer water for cleaning and bathing.\\nThere are a couple advantages of having hotter water in your home. For one, it can make a shower or soak in the tub more luxurious, since you won’t have to worry about running out of hot water as quickly. It can also give appliances that don’t use preheated water (like dishwashers and washing machines) a boost, which will help get dirty items cleaner.\\nHotter temperatures are more effective for eliminating most common bacteria, including health hazards like Legionella, E. coli, and staphylococcus.\\nAvoid setting your water heater to a temperature higher than 120 °F (49 °C). Doing so can present a serious risk of burns, especially for children and the elderly.\\n1-4. Decrease the temperature to save money on your utilities.\\nHeating large quantities of water gets expensive fast. If you’re looking to shave a few dollars off your next heating bill, consider lowering your water heater’s temperature setting to the 100–110 °F (38–43 °C) range. Even a small change can save you big over the course of a few months.\\nKeep in mind that your water won’t get as hot, which may impact your comfort or the level of sanitation for cleaning projects.\\n2. Adjusting an Electric Water Heater\\n2-1. Shut off the power to the water heater.\\nHead to your home’s central circuit breaker and locate the switch corresponding to the water heat. Flip this switch to the “Off” position. This will cut off the electricity flowing to the unit, allowing you to open it up without fear of being zapped.\\nDon’t attempt to make any alterations to your water heat before double checking that the power is safely off.\\nIf the breaker for your water heater isn’t labeled, it may be necessary to use a multimeter to test for a live current. You’re looking for a reading of zero volts. Don’t forget to tag the correct breaker when you’re done.\\n2-2. Remove the access panel from the side of the unit.\\nIdentify the two screws at the top and bottom of the panel and use a flat-blade screwdriver to loosen them. Pull the panel free from the body of the unit and set it aside somewhere nearby. Be careful not to lose the screws.\\nOn some models, there may be a separate plastic cover beneath the metal access panel. This should come away easily with a gentle tug.\\n2-3. Pull out or push aside the insulation covering the thermostat.\\nInside the water heater, you’ll find a thicker layer of insulation. If it’s a single piece made from styrofoam or similar material, you’ll be able to simply lift it out. Move fiberglass insulation out of the way by hand to clear a path to the thermostat controls.\\nThe insulation inside a water heater is used to reduce heat loss and ensure more accurate readings.\\n2-4. Use a flat-blade screwdriver to raise or lower the temperature setting.\\nThe high- and low-end temperature ranges will be displayed at the bottom of the thermostat. Insert the tip of the screwdriver into the colored adjusting screw to change the temperature. Twisting it to the left (counterclockwise) will decrease the temperature while twisting it to the right (clockwise) will increase it.\\nThe adjusting screws on newer electric water heaters feature indicator hands which tell you approximately how hot the current setting is. Pay attention to where the hand rests, as this will allow you to fine-tune your water temperature more precisely.\\nIf your water heater makes use of dual heating elements, make sure both thermostats are set to the same temperature so that one isn’t forced to do more work than the other.\\n2-5. Replace the insulation and access panel.\\nWhen you’re satisfied with the new temperature setting, put everything back the way you found it. Make sure the insulation is completely covering the internal thermostat, then fit both protective covers back into place and tighten the screws to secure them.\\n2-6. Restore the power to the water heater.\\nReturn to your main breaker and toggle the switch for the water heater to the “On” position. The electricity will once again be live, so avoid making any further tweaks after this point.\\nIt may take up to an hour for your running water to reach its maximum temperature after having your unit shut off for an extended period.\\n3. Testing Your Water Temperature\\n3-1. Fill a glass with hot water.\\nTurn on the tap nearest to the water heater and allow it to run for a full minute. Once it’s as hot as it can get, hold a drinking glass or similar container under the stream until you’ve caught a few inches.\\nFor the most accurate reading possible, it’s best to use a container that’s been kept at room temperature.\\n3-2. Insert a cooking thermometer into the hot water.\\nHave your thermometer on standby so you can drop it in as soon as you’ve filled the container. Make sure the probe is fully submerged, then wait 30-60 seconds for it to gauge the temperature.\\nWrite down the number you get for reference. It can help you work out the ideal temperature range for your home, or point to potential heating issues outside of the unit itself.\\nIf you don’t place the thermometer in the water right away, the water may have a chance to cool down enough to throw off your reading.\\n3-3. Determine whether the water is hot enough.\\nAssuming that the temperature is at or around 120 °F (49 °C), you can rest assured that your water heater is performing up to snuff. Any lower than that and it may need to be bumped up a few degrees. Remember that temperatures exceeding 120 °F (49 °C) will be too intense for most home.\\nIncrease your water temperature in 10 degree increments to reduce the risk of scalding.\\n3-4. Wait 3 hours before retesting the water temperature.\\nIt will take a little time for your water heater to catch up to the new temperature setting, so be patient while it reaches the desired warmth. In the meantime, hold off on running a bath or operating any appliances in case the water being circulated is hotter than you intended.\\nTake care of any necessary adjustments before everyone in your home begins their daily routine.\\nTips\\nConsider dropping the temperature of your water heater during the spring and summer months when you tend to use less hot water.\\nNon-domestic establishments like restaurants may be able to get by using a temperature setting as high as 140 °F (60 °C).\\nWarnings\\nIt only takes two seconds to receive third-degree burns from water heated to 140–150 °F (60–66 °C)\\nIf you have any doubts about your ability to adjust your water heater safely and correctly yourself, call a professional plumber for assistance.\\nNever attempt to tamper with a water heater if you're not familiar with how the controls work. One bad mistake and it could start a very big problem.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The water temperature in your home has a very delicate balance—too high and you risk being scalded; too low and you’ll be stuck shivering under a lukewarm shower. Fortunately, adjusting a hot water heater is simple, provided that you’re careful. For your own safety, shut off the power to the water heater at your home’s main circuit breaker. Then, unscrew the access panel on the side of the unit and use a flat-blade screwdriver to raise or lower the temperature according to the ranges listed on the dial. When you’re finished, be sure to test your water temperature before hopping in the shower.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting a Gas Water Heater\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider whether your water temperature is in need of adjusting.\", \"描述\": \"For safety reasons, most manufacturers recommend that the water you use in your homestay at around 120 °F (49 °C). Most water heaters will already be set to this temperature when they’re installed. To limit the risk of injury, it’s best to just leave it alone in most cases.\\nIf your water seems unusually cold, the problem may be a broken heating element or poor insulation rather than the temperature of the water heater itself. A qualified plumber can help diagnose and repair a faulty water heater.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Twist the dial on the bottom of the water heater to change the temperature.\", \"描述\": \"Gas water heaters are easy—they feature a single knob that controls the amount of heat being directed to the unit. Turning this knob to the left (counterclockwise) will crank up the temperature, making the water hotter. Turning it to the right (clockwise) will cool it down.\\nOn the majority of gas water heaters, the lower temperature range will be somewhere around 90–110 °F (32–43 °C), while the upper range will top out at around 140–150 °F (60–66 °C).\\nThe dial on your gas water heater may not be numbered, which can make finding the perfect temperature a little tricky. One simple way around this is to take the temperature of the water a few times after altering your settings, then tag the exact degree reading or mark it on the dial itself.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Increase the temperature to enjoy warmer water for cleaning and bathing.\", \"描述\": \"There are a couple advantages of having hotter water in your home. For one, it can make a shower or soak in the tub more luxurious, since you won’t have to worry about running out of hot water as quickly. It can also give appliances that don’t use preheated water (like dishwashers and washing machines) a boost, which will help get dirty items cleaner.\\nHotter temperatures are more effective for eliminating most common bacteria, including health hazards like Legionella, E. coli, and staphylococcus.\\nAvoid setting your water heater to a temperature higher than 120 °F (49 °C). Doing so can present a serious risk of burns, especially for children and the elderly.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Decrease the temperature to save money on your utilities.\", \"描述\": \"Heating large quantities of water gets expensive fast. If you’re looking to shave a few dollars off your next heating bill, consider lowering your water heater’s temperature setting to the 100–110 °F (38–43 °C) range. Even a small change can save you big over the course of a few months.\\nKeep in mind that your water won’t get as hot, which may impact your comfort or the level of sanitation for cleaning projects.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting an Electric Water Heater\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Shut off the power to the water heater.\", \"描述\": \"Head to your home’s central circuit breaker and locate the switch corresponding to the water heat. Flip this switch to the “Off” position. This will cut off the electricity flowing to the unit, allowing you to open it up without fear of being zapped.\\nDon’t attempt to make any alterations to your water heat before double checking that the power is safely off.\\nIf the breaker for your water heater isn’t labeled, it may be necessary to use a multimeter to test for a live current. You’re looking for a reading of zero volts. Don’t forget to tag the correct breaker when you’re done.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remove the access panel from the side of the unit.\", \"描述\": \"Identify the two screws at the top and bottom of the panel and use a flat-blade screwdriver to loosen them. Pull the panel free from the body of the unit and set it aside somewhere nearby. Be careful not to lose the screws.\\nOn some models, there may be a separate plastic cover beneath the metal access panel. This should come away easily with a gentle tug.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pull out or push aside the insulation covering the thermostat.\", \"描述\": \"Inside the water heater, you’ll find a thicker layer of insulation. If it’s a single piece made from styrofoam or similar material, you’ll be able to simply lift it out. Move fiberglass insulation out of the way by hand to clear a path to the thermostat controls.\\nThe insulation inside a water heater is used to reduce heat loss and ensure more accurate readings.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use a flat-blade screwdriver to raise or lower the temperature setting.\", \"描述\": \"The high- and low-end temperature ranges will be displayed at the bottom of the thermostat. Insert the tip of the screwdriver into the colored adjusting screw to change the temperature. Twisting it to the left (counterclockwise) will decrease the temperature while twisting it to the right (clockwise) will increase it.\\nThe adjusting screws on newer electric water heaters feature indicator hands which tell you approximately how hot the current setting is. Pay attention to where the hand rests, as this will allow you to fine-tune your water temperature more precisely.\\nIf your water heater makes use of dual heating elements, make sure both thermostats are set to the same temperature so that one isn’t forced to do more work than the other.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Replace the insulation and access panel.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re satisfied with the new temperature setting, put everything back the way you found it. Make sure the insulation is completely covering the internal thermostat, then fit both protective covers back into place and tighten the screws to secure them.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Restore the power to the water heater.\", \"描述\": \"Return to your main breaker and toggle the switch for the water heater to the “On” position. The electricity will once again be live, so avoid making any further tweaks after this point.\\nIt may take up to an hour for your running water to reach its maximum temperature after having your unit shut off for an extended period.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Testing Your Water Temperature\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fill a glass with hot water.\", \"描述\": \"Turn on the tap nearest to the water heater and allow it to run for a full minute. Once it’s as hot as it can get, hold a drinking glass or similar container under the stream until you’ve caught a few inches.\\nFor the most accurate reading possible, it’s best to use a container that’s been kept at room temperature.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Insert a cooking thermometer into the hot water.\", \"描述\": \"Have your thermometer on standby so you can drop it in as soon as you’ve filled the container. Make sure the probe is fully submerged, then wait 30-60 seconds for it to gauge the temperature.\\nWrite down the number you get for reference. It can help you work out the ideal temperature range for your home, or point to potential heating issues outside of the unit itself.\\nIf you don’t place the thermometer in the water right away, the water may have a chance to cool down enough to throw off your reading.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Determine whether the water is hot enough.\", \"描述\": \"Assuming that the temperature is at or around 120 °F (49 °C), you can rest assured that your water heater is performing up to snuff. Any lower than that and it may need to be bumped up a few degrees. Remember that temperatures exceeding 120 °F (49 °C) will be too intense for most home.\\nIncrease your water temperature in 10 degree increments to reduce the risk of scalding.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wait 3 hours before retesting the water temperature.\", \"描述\": \"It will take a little time for your water heater to catch up to the new temperature setting, so be patient while it reaches the desired warmth. In the meantime, hold off on running a bath or operating any appliances in case the water being circulated is hotter than you intended.\\nTake care of any necessary adjustments before everyone in your home begins their daily routine.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Consider dropping the temperature of your water heater during the spring and summer months when you tend to use less hot water.\\n\", \"Non-domestic establishments like restaurants may be able to get by using a temperature setting as high as 140 °F (60 °C).\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"It only takes two seconds to receive third-degree burns from water heated to 140–150 °F (60–66 °C)\\n\", \"If you have any doubts about your ability to adjust your water heater safely and correctly yourself, call a professional plumber for assistance.\\n\", \"Never attempt to tamper with a water heater if you're not familiar with how the controls work. One bad mistake and it could start a very big problem.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,409
How to Adjust a Humidifier on a Furnace
1. Setting the Humidistat 1-1. Read the humidifier instruction manual before making any adjustments. While most whole home humidifiers work similarly, there might be some differences in how to adjust them. Always check the manual before you make changes to avoid any mistakes or problems. If the instruction manual provides different instructions, then follow the manual instead. Those directions are designed for that specific product. 1-2. Locate the humidistat for your humidifier. The humidistat is the control panel for the humidifier. It’s usually a small box mounted on the wall directly above or below the humidifier. Some models also have a humidistat on the main humidifier body. If you have trouble finding the humidistat, look for a wire or cable running out of the humidifier. This should lead to the humidistat. A digital humidistat will have a screen displaying the current humidity settings and a few adjustment buttons. An analog type will have a dial. 1-3. Turn the dial to your desired humidity setting if it’s an analog type. An analog humidistat has an adjustment dial to set the humidity level. The lower numbers represent a lower humidity setting, and the higher numbers represent a higher setting. Turn the dial until you reach your desired humidity level. The dial might have numbers or percentages to represent the humidity setting. Either way, as the numbers go up, so does the humidity level. 1-4. Press the up or down arrow buttons if you have a digital humidistat. A digital humidistat should have buttons instead of a dial. The same rules apply though – raising the numbers raises the humidity, and vice versa. Press the up or down buttons until you reach your desired humidity level. 1-5. Wait 24-48 hours to see if your home is comfortable. It takes some time for the new humidity level to take effect, so wait about a day to see if the adjustment worked. If you still need more or less humidity, then adjust the humidistat again. If you see condensation on the windows or walls, then the humidity setting is too high. If the air feels dry and your lips and mouth are drying out, then it's too low. 2. Finding the Right Setting 2-1. Start with your humidistat set in the middle. If you don’t know where to start with your humidifier setting, then you can figure out the best setting by beginning in the middle. Set the humidifier right in the middle between its highest and lowest settings. On most humidifiers, this is about 4 or 5, but the scale depends on the model. The exact middle setting depends on your humidistat. Some might go from 1 to 10, and others might use a different scale like 1 to 7. If your humidistat uses a percentage setting, try setting it to 40% to start. This is a good middle setting that many people find comfortable. 2-2. Wait 24-48 hours to see what the humidity level feels like. Let the new humidity setting take effect for about a day. After that, you’ll be able to tell how the home’s humidity feels. After this, you can adjust it either way based on your comfort level. 2-3. Turn the humidistat down if you see condensation on your windows. This is a sign that the home’s moisture is too high. Dial the humidistat down 1 or 2 positions and check back in 24 hours. If the condensation stops and the home feels comfortable, then this is the right setting. Don’t leave your humidifier on a level that causes condensation. This can cause mold growth. You’ll probably have to readjust the setting as the seasons and temperature change. This usually leads to condensation. 2-4. Increase the humidity if you’re getting shocks or the air feels dry. If your home is too dry, the first thing you’ll probably notice is that you get shocks when you touch things. This is because dry air causes static electricity to build. Your throat or eyes might also feel dry, which is another sign that the humidity is too low. Set the humidifier up 1 or 2 positions and see if this fixes the problem. If 24 hours pass and you feel more comfortable, then this is a good setting. Some other signs that your home is too dry are bloody noses, your eyes or lips drying out, feeling thirsty, and dry skin. 2-5. Select the automatic setting if your humidifier has the option. Some newer digital humidifiers have an automatic setting, which means it adjusts itself based on the outside humidity and temperature. This can save you the trouble of having to adjust it regularly. Check the humidistat for an “automatic” button, or look in the instruction manual, and set the humidistat to adjust itself if you want to. Even if you have your humidistat set to automatically adjust, you should still be able to set it manually if you want to make any changes. Continue monitoring your home’s humidity levels even if you have the humidifier set to adjust automatically. The automatic setting isn’t always ideal. Tips If you’re having trouble with your humidifier, contact an HVAC professional. Your humidifier will probably need adjustment when there are big changes in the outside temperature, like when the seasons turn. Plan on readjusting your humidistat every few months at least. Warnings Turn your humidifier down right away if you see condensation building up on the inside of your home. This could cause mold and mildew to grow in the walls.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:16", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Setting the Humidistat\\n1-1. Read the humidifier instruction manual before making any adjustments.\\nWhile most whole home humidifiers work similarly, there might be some differences in how to adjust them. Always check the manual before you make changes to avoid any mistakes or problems.\\nIf the instruction manual provides different instructions, then follow the manual instead. Those directions are designed for that specific product.\\n1-2. Locate the humidistat for your humidifier.\\nThe humidistat is the control panel for the humidifier. It’s usually a small box mounted on the wall directly above or below the humidifier. Some models also have a humidistat on the main humidifier body.\\nIf you have trouble finding the humidistat, look for a wire or cable running out of the humidifier. This should lead to the humidistat.\\nA digital humidistat will have a screen displaying the current humidity settings and a few adjustment buttons. An analog type will have a dial.\\n1-3. Turn the dial to your desired humidity setting if it’s an analog type.\\nAn analog humidistat has an adjustment dial to set the humidity level. The lower numbers represent a lower humidity setting, and the higher numbers represent a higher setting. Turn the dial until you reach your desired humidity level.\\nThe dial might have numbers or percentages to represent the humidity setting. Either way, as the numbers go up, so does the humidity level.\\n1-4. Press the up or down arrow buttons if you have a digital humidistat.\\nA digital humidistat should have buttons instead of a dial. The same rules apply though – raising the numbers raises the humidity, and vice versa. Press the up or down buttons until you reach your desired humidity level.\\n1-5. Wait 24-48 hours to see if your home is comfortable.\\nIt takes some time for the new humidity level to take effect, so wait about a day to see if the adjustment worked. If you still need more or less humidity, then adjust the humidistat again.\\nIf you see condensation on the windows or walls, then the humidity setting is too high. If the air feels dry and your lips and mouth are drying out, then it's too low.\\n2. Finding the Right Setting\\n2-1. Start with your humidistat set in the middle.\\nIf you don’t know where to start with your humidifier setting, then you can figure out the best setting by beginning in the middle. Set the humidifier right in the middle between its highest and lowest settings. On most humidifiers, this is about 4 or 5, but the scale depends on the model.\\nThe exact middle setting depends on your humidistat. Some might go from 1 to 10, and others might use a different scale like 1 to 7.\\nIf your humidistat uses a percentage setting, try setting it to 40% to start. This is a good middle setting that many people find comfortable.\\n2-2. Wait 24-48 hours to see what the humidity level feels like.\\nLet the new humidity setting take effect for about a day. After that, you’ll be able to tell how the home’s humidity feels. After this, you can adjust it either way based on your comfort level.\\n2-3. Turn the humidistat down if you see condensation on your windows.\\nThis is a sign that the home’s moisture is too high. Dial the humidistat down 1 or 2 positions and check back in 24 hours. If the condensation stops and the home feels comfortable, then this is the right setting.\\nDon’t leave your humidifier on a level that causes condensation. This can cause mold growth.\\nYou’ll probably have to readjust the setting as the seasons and temperature change. This usually leads to condensation.\\n2-4. Increase the humidity if you’re getting shocks or the air feels dry.\\nIf your home is too dry, the first thing you’ll probably notice is that you get shocks when you touch things. This is because dry air causes static electricity to build. Your throat or eyes might also feel dry, which is another sign that the humidity is too low. Set the humidifier up 1 or 2 positions and see if this fixes the problem. If 24 hours pass and you feel more comfortable, then this is a good setting.\\nSome other signs that your home is too dry are bloody noses, your eyes or lips drying out, feeling thirsty, and dry skin.\\n2-5. Select the automatic setting if your humidifier has the option.\\nSome newer digital humidifiers have an automatic setting, which means it adjusts itself based on the outside humidity and temperature. This can save you the trouble of having to adjust it regularly. Check the humidistat for an “automatic” button, or look in the instruction manual, and set the humidistat to adjust itself if you want to.\\nEven if you have your humidistat set to automatically adjust, you should still be able to set it manually if you want to make any changes.\\nContinue monitoring your home’s humidity levels even if you have the humidifier set to adjust automatically. The automatic setting isn’t always ideal.\\nTips\\nIf you’re having trouble with your humidifier, contact an HVAC professional.\\nYour humidifier will probably need adjustment when there are big changes in the outside temperature, like when the seasons turn. Plan on readjusting your humidistat every few months at least.\\nWarnings\\nTurn your humidifier down right away if you see condensation building up on the inside of your home. This could cause mold and mildew to grow in the walls.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A furnace humidifier, also called a whole-home humidifier, is much more convenient than setting up humidifiers in each room. You need to set these devices right or your home will be uncomfortable, but luckily, adjusting them up or down is very easy.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Setting the Humidistat\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read the humidifier instruction manual before making any adjustments.\", \"描述\": \"While most whole home humidifiers work similarly, there might be some differences in how to adjust them. Always check the manual before you make changes to avoid any mistakes or problems.\\nIf the instruction manual provides different instructions, then follow the manual instead. Those directions are designed for that specific product.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Locate the humidistat for your humidifier.\", \"描述\": \"The humidistat is the control panel for the humidifier. It’s usually a small box mounted on the wall directly above or below the humidifier. Some models also have a humidistat on the main humidifier body.\\nIf you have trouble finding the humidistat, look for a wire or cable running out of the humidifier. This should lead to the humidistat.\\nA digital humidistat will have a screen displaying the current humidity settings and a few adjustment buttons. An analog type will have a dial.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the dial to your desired humidity setting if it’s an analog type.\", \"描述\": \"An analog humidistat has an adjustment dial to set the humidity level. The lower numbers represent a lower humidity setting, and the higher numbers represent a higher setting. Turn the dial until you reach your desired humidity level.\\nThe dial might have numbers or percentages to represent the humidity setting. Either way, as the numbers go up, so does the humidity level.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Press the up or down arrow buttons if you have a digital humidistat.\", \"描述\": \"A digital humidistat should have buttons instead of a dial. The same rules apply though – raising the numbers raises the humidity, and vice versa. Press the up or down buttons until you reach your desired humidity level.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Wait 24-48 hours to see if your home is comfortable.\", \"描述\": \"It takes some time for the new humidity level to take effect, so wait about a day to see if the adjustment worked. If you still need more or less humidity, then adjust the humidistat again.\\nIf you see condensation on the windows or walls, then the humidity setting is too high. If the air feels dry and your lips and mouth are drying out, then it's too low.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Finding the Right Setting\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start with your humidistat set in the middle.\", \"描述\": \"If you don’t know where to start with your humidifier setting, then you can figure out the best setting by beginning in the middle. Set the humidifier right in the middle between its highest and lowest settings. On most humidifiers, this is about 4 or 5, but the scale depends on the model.\\nThe exact middle setting depends on your humidistat. Some might go from 1 to 10, and others might use a different scale like 1 to 7.\\nIf your humidistat uses a percentage setting, try setting it to 40% to start. This is a good middle setting that many people find comfortable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Wait 24-48 hours to see what the humidity level feels like.\", \"描述\": \"Let the new humidity setting take effect for about a day. After that, you’ll be able to tell how the home’s humidity feels. After this, you can adjust it either way based on your comfort level.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the humidistat down if you see condensation on your windows.\", \"描述\": \"This is a sign that the home’s moisture is too high. Dial the humidistat down 1 or 2 positions and check back in 24 hours. If the condensation stops and the home feels comfortable, then this is the right setting.\\nDon’t leave your humidifier on a level that causes condensation. This can cause mold growth.\\nYou’ll probably have to readjust the setting as the seasons and temperature change. This usually leads to condensation.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Increase the humidity if you’re getting shocks or the air feels dry.\", \"描述\": \"If your home is too dry, the first thing you’ll probably notice is that you get shocks when you touch things. This is because dry air causes static electricity to build. Your throat or eyes might also feel dry, which is another sign that the humidity is too low. Set the humidifier up 1 or 2 positions and see if this fixes the problem. If 24 hours pass and you feel more comfortable, then this is a good setting.\\nSome other signs that your home is too dry are bloody noses, your eyes or lips drying out, feeling thirsty, and dry skin.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Select the automatic setting if your humidifier has the option.\", \"描述\": \"Some newer digital humidifiers have an automatic setting, which means it adjusts itself based on the outside humidity and temperature. This can save you the trouble of having to adjust it regularly. Check the humidistat for an “automatic” button, or look in the instruction manual, and set the humidistat to adjust itself if you want to.\\nEven if you have your humidistat set to automatically adjust, you should still be able to set it manually if you want to make any changes.\\nContinue monitoring your home’s humidity levels even if you have the humidifier set to adjust automatically. The automatic setting isn’t always ideal.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you’re having trouble with your humidifier, contact an HVAC professional.\\n\", \"Your humidifier will probably need adjustment when there are big changes in the outside temperature, like when the seasons turn. Plan on readjusting your humidistat every few months at least.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Turn your humidifier down right away if you see condensation building up on the inside of your home. This could cause mold and mildew to grow in the walls.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,410
How to Adjust a Keyboard Stand
1. Opening and Adjusting an X-Style Stand 1-1. Hold the stand upright so the longer beams are flat on the ground. The shorter beams on the stand are designed to hold your keyboard so you can jam out without them getting in your way. The longer beams are designed to keep the stand stable while you play so rest them flat on the ground. Some simple stands may have beams that are the same length. If that’s the case, choose either end to place against the ground. 1-2. Pull out the clutch in the center of the stand. The clutch is the locking mechanism in the center of your stand. It looks like a knob, handle, or lever depending on the design of your stand. Take hold of the clutch and pull or rotate it to disengage it from the locking mechanism. Some stands may have a clutch that is spring-loaded, so you’ll need to hold it open to make your adjustments. While the design of the clutch may vary from stand to stand, it needs to be disengaged from the locking mechanism so you can open the stand and make your adjustments. 1-3. Stretch the stand open until the top beams are the height you want them. If you’re playing your keyboard seated, open the stand until the top beams are just above your knees so you can comfortably sit behind it. If you’re playing your keyboard while standing, then open up the stand so the upper beams are in line with your hips so you can easily reach the keys with your hands. You may find a different height is more comfortable for you, so feel free to adjust the stand according to your needs! 1-4. Slide the clutch into 1 of the slots to lock the stand in the open position. Hold the stand open and insert the clutch into the slot on the locking mechanism to hold the stand open at your setting. Make sure the clutch is fully inserted into the slot so it won’t fall open when you put your keyboard on the stand. Some stands may have a clutch that needs to be rotated to lock the stand open or a lever that needs to be squeezed until it’s locked. Whatever version you have, just make sure it’s fully locked! 1-5. Wiggle the stand to identify which foot needs to be adjusted. The feet of your keyboard stand are the round grips on the ends of the lower beams that help stabilize the stand. If your keyboard stand is shaky or unstable, place your hands on it and give it a good wobble. Look for which foot is uneven with the rest to identify which one needs to be adjusted. It’s important that your stand is completely stable so your keyboard won’t potentially slide off of it. Usually, you only need to adjust 1 of the feet to stabilize the stand, but sometimes multiple feet to be adjusted. 1-6. Lift the stand and rotate the foot on the beam to make adjustments. Once you’ve identified which foot needs to be adjusted, lean the stand to raise the foot off of the ground. Then, rotate the foot clockwise to raise it or counterclockwise to lower it. 1-7. Place the stand upright and shake it to see if it’s stable. Rest the lower beams on the ground so they’re flat and give the stand a good wobble. If it’s stable, you can place your keyboard back on it and play it without any shakiness. If the stand is still unstable, make additional adjustments by rotating the feet as needed until it is stable. Make small adjustments at a time and check the stand until it’s nice and stable. 2. Setting the Width and Height of a Table-Style Stand 2-1. Open the legs of the stand and lock them so they stay open. First things first: open up your table-style stand. Unfold both sets of lets until they’re all of the way open. Push the support bars connected to each of the legs until they’re completely straight to lock the legs open. 2-2. Loosen the knobs on the underside of the stand. Look beneath the stand for 2 knobs on the underside near the center of the stand. Use your hands to rotate the knobs counterclockwise to loosen them up so the stand can be extended. You’ll need to loosen the knobs on both sides of the table in order to extend it. Don’t unscrew the knobs so much that they come off of the stand. Just unscrew them enough so they’re loose. 2-3. Pull the stand open to the width of your keyboard and tighten the knobs. Use your hands to pull and stretch out the width of the stand. Continue widening it until it’s wide enough to fit your keyboard. Then, turn the knobs clockwise, or to the right, until they’re tight so the stand is secure and stable. Be careful not to pull the stand too far open or the rails could come out of place. It’s super important that you tighten the knobs tight so the stand won’t collapse when you place your keyboard on it. 2-4. Turn the knobs at the feet of the stand to extend the legs. At the bottom of the legs of the stand are the feet that can be adjusted to raise or lower the stand. Find the knob that locks the legs in place just above the feet and loosen them by turning them counterclockwise. Then, pull the legs out to extend them and so each of the legs are even. extended. 2-5. Tighten the knobs and stand the stand up to check its stability. Once you’ve extended all of the legs, stand up the stand on its feet to see if it’s even. Give the stand a good shake to see how stable it is. If there’s any wobbliness, adjust the legs until the stand is sturdy and even before you place your keyboard on it and start jamming. Tips For an X-style stand, open the stand and set it to your preferred height before you make adjustments so they’re accurate.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:16", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Opening and Adjusting an X-Style Stand\\n1-1. Hold the stand upright so the longer beams are flat on the ground.\\nThe shorter beams on the stand are designed to hold your keyboard so you can jam out without them getting in your way. The longer beams are designed to keep the stand stable while you play so rest them flat on the ground.\\nSome simple stands may have beams that are the same length. If that’s the case, choose either end to place against the ground.\\n1-2. Pull out the clutch in the center of the stand.\\nThe clutch is the locking mechanism in the center of your stand. It looks like a knob, handle, or lever depending on the design of your stand. Take hold of the clutch and pull or rotate it to disengage it from the locking mechanism.\\nSome stands may have a clutch that is spring-loaded, so you’ll need to hold it open to make your adjustments.\\nWhile the design of the clutch may vary from stand to stand, it needs to be disengaged from the locking mechanism so you can open the stand and make your adjustments.\\n1-3. Stretch the stand open until the top beams are the height you want them.\\nIf you’re playing your keyboard seated, open the stand until the top beams are just above your knees so you can comfortably sit behind it. If you’re playing your keyboard while standing, then open up the stand so the upper beams are in line with your hips so you can easily reach the keys with your hands.\\nYou may find a different height is more comfortable for you, so feel free to adjust the stand according to your needs!\\n1-4. Slide the clutch into 1 of the slots to lock the stand in the open position.\\nHold the stand open and insert the clutch into the slot on the locking mechanism to hold the stand open at your setting. Make sure the clutch is fully inserted into the slot so it won’t fall open when you put your keyboard on the stand.\\nSome stands may have a clutch that needs to be rotated to lock the stand open or a lever that needs to be squeezed until it’s locked. Whatever version you have, just make sure it’s fully locked!\\n1-5. Wiggle the stand to identify which foot needs to be adjusted.\\nThe feet of your keyboard stand are the round grips on the ends of the lower beams that help stabilize the stand. If your keyboard stand is shaky or unstable, place your hands on it and give it a good wobble. Look for which foot is uneven with the rest to identify which one needs to be adjusted.\\nIt’s important that your stand is completely stable so your keyboard won’t potentially slide off of it.\\nUsually, you only need to adjust 1 of the feet to stabilize the stand, but sometimes multiple feet to be adjusted.\\n1-6. Lift the stand and rotate the foot on the beam to make adjustments.\\nOnce you’ve identified which foot needs to be adjusted, lean the stand to raise the foot off of the ground. Then, rotate the foot clockwise to raise it or counterclockwise to lower it.\\n1-7. Place the stand upright and shake it to see if it’s stable.\\nRest the lower beams on the ground so they’re flat and give the stand a good wobble. If it’s stable, you can place your keyboard back on it and play it without any shakiness. If the stand is still unstable, make additional adjustments by rotating the feet as needed until it is stable.\\nMake small adjustments at a time and check the stand until it’s nice and stable.\\n2. Setting the Width and Height of a Table-Style Stand\\n2-1. Open the legs of the stand and lock them so they stay open.\\nFirst things first: open up your table-style stand. Unfold both sets of lets until they’re all of the way open. Push the support bars connected to each of the legs until they’re completely straight to lock the legs open.\\n2-2. Loosen the knobs on the underside of the stand.\\nLook beneath the stand for 2 knobs on the underside near the center of the stand. Use your hands to rotate the knobs counterclockwise to loosen them up so the stand can be extended.\\nYou’ll need to loosen the knobs on both sides of the table in order to extend it.\\nDon’t unscrew the knobs so much that they come off of the stand. Just unscrew them enough so they’re loose.\\n2-3. Pull the stand open to the width of your keyboard and tighten the knobs.\\nUse your hands to pull and stretch out the width of the stand. Continue widening it until it’s wide enough to fit your keyboard. Then, turn the knobs clockwise, or to the right, until they’re tight so the stand is secure and stable.\\nBe careful not to pull the stand too far open or the rails could come out of place.\\nIt’s super important that you tighten the knobs tight so the stand won’t collapse when you place your keyboard on it.\\n2-4. Turn the knobs at the feet of the stand to extend the legs.\\nAt the bottom of the legs of the stand are the feet that can be adjusted to raise or lower the stand. Find the knob that locks the legs in place just above the feet and loosen them by turning them counterclockwise. Then, pull the legs out to extend them and so each of the legs are even. extended.\\n2-5. Tighten the knobs and stand the stand up to check its stability.\\nOnce you’ve extended all of the legs, stand up the stand on its feet to see if it’s even. Give the stand a good shake to see how stable it is. If there’s any wobbliness, adjust the legs until the stand is sturdy and even before you place your keyboard on it and start jamming.\\nTips\\nFor an X-style stand, open the stand and set it to your preferred height before you make adjustments so they’re accurate.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A shaky or wobbly keyboard stand is more than just annoying. If it’s unstable enough, your keyboard could slide right off the stand and crash down onto the floor, or worse, your feet. But don’t worry. No matter what style of keyboard stand you have, they’re super easy to adjust. Open up your stand and make your adjustments until it’s just right and you can get back to playing.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Opening and Adjusting an X-Style Stand\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Hold the stand upright so the longer beams are flat on the ground.\", \"描述\": \"The shorter beams on the stand are designed to hold your keyboard so you can jam out without them getting in your way. The longer beams are designed to keep the stand stable while you play so rest them flat on the ground.\\nSome simple stands may have beams that are the same length. If that’s the case, choose either end to place against the ground.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pull out the clutch in the center of the stand.\", \"描述\": \"The clutch is the locking mechanism in the center of your stand. It looks like a knob, handle, or lever depending on the design of your stand. Take hold of the clutch and pull or rotate it to disengage it from the locking mechanism.\\nSome stands may have a clutch that is spring-loaded, so you’ll need to hold it open to make your adjustments.\\nWhile the design of the clutch may vary from stand to stand, it needs to be disengaged from the locking mechanism so you can open the stand and make your adjustments.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stretch the stand open until the top beams are the height you want them.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re playing your keyboard seated, open the stand until the top beams are just above your knees so you can comfortably sit behind it. If you’re playing your keyboard while standing, then open up the stand so the upper beams are in line with your hips so you can easily reach the keys with your hands.\\nYou may find a different height is more comfortable for you, so feel free to adjust the stand according to your needs!\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Slide the clutch into 1 of the slots to lock the stand in the open position.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the stand open and insert the clutch into the slot on the locking mechanism to hold the stand open at your setting. Make sure the clutch is fully inserted into the slot so it won’t fall open when you put your keyboard on the stand.\\nSome stands may have a clutch that needs to be rotated to lock the stand open or a lever that needs to be squeezed until it’s locked. Whatever version you have, just make sure it’s fully locked!\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Wiggle the stand to identify which foot needs to be adjusted.\", \"描述\": \"The feet of your keyboard stand are the round grips on the ends of the lower beams that help stabilize the stand. If your keyboard stand is shaky or unstable, place your hands on it and give it a good wobble. Look for which foot is uneven with the rest to identify which one needs to be adjusted.\\nIt’s important that your stand is completely stable so your keyboard won’t potentially slide off of it.\\nUsually, you only need to adjust 1 of the feet to stabilize the stand, but sometimes multiple feet to be adjusted.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Lift the stand and rotate the foot on the beam to make adjustments.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve identified which foot needs to be adjusted, lean the stand to raise the foot off of the ground. Then, rotate the foot clockwise to raise it or counterclockwise to lower it.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Place the stand upright and shake it to see if it’s stable.\", \"描述\": \"Rest the lower beams on the ground so they’re flat and give the stand a good wobble. If it’s stable, you can place your keyboard back on it and play it without any shakiness. If the stand is still unstable, make additional adjustments by rotating the feet as needed until it is stable.\\nMake small adjustments at a time and check the stand until it’s nice and stable.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Setting the Width and Height of a Table-Style Stand\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open the legs of the stand and lock them so they stay open.\", \"描述\": \"First things first: open up your table-style stand. Unfold both sets of lets until they’re all of the way open. Push the support bars connected to each of the legs until they’re completely straight to lock the legs open.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Loosen the knobs on the underside of the stand.\", \"描述\": \"Look beneath the stand for 2 knobs on the underside near the center of the stand. Use your hands to rotate the knobs counterclockwise to loosen them up so the stand can be extended.\\nYou’ll need to loosen the knobs on both sides of the table in order to extend it.\\nDon’t unscrew the knobs so much that they come off of the stand. Just unscrew them enough so they’re loose.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pull the stand open to the width of your keyboard and tighten the knobs.\", \"描述\": \"Use your hands to pull and stretch out the width of the stand. Continue widening it until it’s wide enough to fit your keyboard. Then, turn the knobs clockwise, or to the right, until they’re tight so the stand is secure and stable.\\nBe careful not to pull the stand too far open or the rails could come out of place.\\nIt’s super important that you tighten the knobs tight so the stand won’t collapse when you place your keyboard on it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn the knobs at the feet of the stand to extend the legs.\", \"描述\": \"At the bottom of the legs of the stand are the feet that can be adjusted to raise or lower the stand. Find the knob that locks the legs in place just above the feet and loosen them by turning them counterclockwise. Then, pull the legs out to extend them and so each of the legs are even. extended.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tighten the knobs and stand the stand up to check its stability.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve extended all of the legs, stand up the stand on its feet to see if it’s even. Give the stand a good shake to see how stable it is. If there’s any wobbliness, adjust the legs until the stand is sturdy and even before you place your keyboard on it and start jamming.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"For an X-style stand, open the stand and set it to your preferred height before you make adjustments so they’re accurate.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,411
How to Adjust a Lazy Susan
1. Correcting Poor Rotation 1-1. Pinpoint where rotation problems are occurring. When a Lazy Susan becomes stiff and difficult to rotate, the problem is usually caused by either the center shaft or the position of its bottom shelf. Lightly spin the Susan and note where it locks up, has difficulty turning, or has poor clearance. If the center movable shelf begins to bind, it will prevent free rotation. In this situation, you’ll need to loosen this shelf. If the circular shelves slip down the center shaft, the bottom shelf can begin to drag, making it difficult to turn. You will need to adjust the height of this shelf to fix the problem. 1-2. Locate the locking bolt to adjust the center shaft. Look at the top of the center shaft. There should be one large bolt locking the exterior shaft to a metal sleeve positioned inside the shaft. This is the locking bolt for the shaft. This bolt holds the center shaft in place and maintains the length of the shaft. Sometimes excess pressure from this bolt can cause the shaft to bind. On some models, the locking bolt might be located at the bottom of the Susan, however, in most cases, it will found near the top. 1-3. Loosen the bolt. If anything is inside your Lazy Susan, empty it so you have more space to work. Using a wrench or ratchet, loosen the bolt by turning it one-quarter of a full rotation counterclockwise. At first, the bolt may require some elbow grease to break loose. Only loosen the bolt enough to manipulate the hardware inside the center shaft. On some models, this might require more or less than one-quarter rotation. Generally, it’s better to loosen the bolt in small increments. This will prevent you from loosening it too much, which could result in the alignment of the Susan being thrown off. 1-4. Move the adjusting rod. Now that the bolt is loose, you’ll be able to adjust the center shaft. Slide the metal adjusting sleeve the bolt was holding in place no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) to provide better clearance between the center shaft and top of the cabinet. Work in small increments when adjusting the center shaft. Large adjustments could cause the Lazy Susan to topple over. 1-5. Tighten the bolt to finish adjusting the center shaft. Use your wrench or ratchet to carefully refasten the locking bolt in place. Do not over-tighten the bolt. It should be looser than it was initially, but still tight enough to hold the adjusting rod in place. 1-6. Locate the locking screws to adjust the shelf position. Most Lazy Susans should have two or more locking screws located at the center of each shelf. These screws hold the shelves to the center shaft. When all of the shelves are held together by the front decorative panel, you will need to adjust the entire shelf system. In this case, there may not be screws located at the height of each shelf. If the shelves must be adjusted separately, you'll only need to work with the bottom shelf. Locate the locking screws in the bottom shelf only. 1-7. Loosen the screws. Loosen the locking screws using a Phillips-head screwdriver or similar tool. Hold the screwdriver so its head meets the fastener straight on. Apply firm pressure down on the screw while turning counterclockwise to prevent stripping fastener hardware. Screws can be left in their holes once they have been unattached from the center shaft. However, you may want to set loosened screws off to the side to prevent any from getting lost. 1-8. Raise the shelves to finish adjusting shelf position. Carefully lift the bottom shelf or entire shelf system until there is roughly half an inch (1.25 cm) of space between the bottom shelf and the bottom of the cabinet. The shelves may resist this adjustment and begin binding on the center shaft. Maneuver shelves until they are level and at a suitable height. Under no circumstances should you lubricate the center shaft. Doing so could prevent the screws from holding their position. 1-9. Tighten the screws. Hold the shelf in place with one hand and use your free hand to tighten the locking screws back in place with a screwdriver. Take care not to let the shelf slip as you reattach fasteners, as this could cause it to become uneven or binding. Make the screws as tight as possible without stripping any of the hardware. The shelves must be stationary and secure to prevent this kind of misalignment. 2. Fixing an Uneven Door 2-1. Locate where there are door problems. Door problems are usually easier to identify than rotation problems. The door of the unit may close unevenly or it may not have sufficient clearance at the top, bottom, or sides of the cabinet. If the door does not close completely, or if it closes unevenly, you'll need to adjust the doors until they are centered correctly within the frame. When the top or bottom clearance is insufficient, you'll notice the gaps at both sides of the door will be unequal. When the side clearance is insufficient, the door will appear crooked. Additionally, the gaps around it will but unequal. 2-2. Loosen the collar screw when doors close unevenly. Open the door and locate the collar at the top of the unit. For many models, this part will be made of white plastic. Use a Phillips-head screwdriver to loosen the screw on this collar. Loosen the screw by one full counterclockwise rotation. Even loosened, the screw should remain in its position in the collar. 2-3. Rotate the shelf unit and door counterclockwise. Using both hands, carefully rotate the entire shelf unit and door in a counterclockwise direction. Continue until the collar hits the catch latch located at the back of the ceiling bracket. Turn the Lazy Susan slowly. Listen for a slight click. This is a signal that you've reached the catch latch. Once you hit the catch latch, the collar should be properly aligned with the spring. You should feel a slight resistance to additional counterclockwise turning. 2-4. Rotate the door. Gradually rotate the door in a clockwise direction until it reaches the exact center-front. If possible, take a step back and check the alignment from a distance. Make sure the door is precisely in place before moving on. The plastic collar should remain fixed in place as you rotate the door, so it may be difficult to step away. Have a friend or family member help you evaluate the door position, in these cases. If you accidentally rotate past the center-front position, continue rotating the door in a clockwise direction. Do not rotate it counterclockwise until after you finish setting it. 2-5. Turn the entire assembly. Carefully and slowly rotate the entire assembly in a counterclockwise direction. Continue turning the assembly until the collar screw faces you. The door and collar should maintain their alignment as you turn the assembly. It may help you to maintain the position of the collar and door by marking their correct positions with a piece of painter’s tape, masking tape, or something similar. 2-6. Tighten the screw to finish adjusting uneven doors. Tighten the collar screw back into its original position. The door should now be properly aligned and fixed into place. Give the Lazy Susan a few spins to check that everything works correctly, and your door adjustment is finished. To prevent the collar from twisting out of place while it’s fastened, you may need to hold it in place as the screw is tightened. 3. Correcting Insufficient Top, Bottom, and Side Clearance 3-1. Remove the retainer clip to improve top and bottom clearance. Locate the plastic retainer clip at the bottom of the center shaft. Firmly grasp the clip between your fingers, open it, and pull it out. Under the clip should be a cut-out portion of the shaft with a thumbscrew adjustment wheel. The cabinet will need to be completely empty when you make this adjustment. Do not attempt to complete the process when the shelves are loaded, especially if they are heavily loaded. 3-2. Turn the adjustment wheel. Use your fingers to turn the thumbscrew adjustment wheel in the cut-out portion of the center shaft. Rotate the wheel clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower the door. Generally you can expect that for each full rotation of the screw the height will be adjusted by about 1/32 in (0.8 mm). You may need to apply gentle pressure to the underside of the bottom shelf to aid the adjustment if you are attempting to raise the door. 3-3. Replace the retainer clip to complete the top and bottom adjustment. After adjusting the door to the proper height, return the retainer clip to its original position at the bottom of the pole. The clip should fasten back into place firmly. It's a good idea to tighten all of the adjustment screws attached to the center shaft, shelves, and door after setting the height. Doing this could prevent the door from falling out of alignment again. 3-4. Outline the top and bottom brackets when side clearance is insufficient. Using an erasable pencil, lightly outline the current position of the top and bottom brackets. If lighting is too poor inside the cabinet to make these marks easily, use a flashlight or electric lantern. Doing this will give you a reference point to work from as you make the adjustment. Pencil marks can be erased once you complete the process. 3-5. Realign the pivot pole from the top. Use a screwdriver to remove the setscrews and loosen the star washers holding the pivot housing in place on both sides of the pivot pole. Adjust the pivot housing and pivot pole until both are centered and aligned. When the star washers are in place but before fastening the setscrews, take a step back and look over your Lazy Susan. If the side clearance is still uneven, remove the washers and readjust the pivot. Use your outline to guide your adjustments. For example, if the left side is low, you’ll likely need to move the pivot pole and housing to the right. 3-6. Refasten the pivot housing. Once you tighten the star washers, you’ll be ready to return the setscrews to their original position. When the screws are in place, check the side clearance of the Lazy Susan again to make sure that it wasn't altered as you refastened its hardware. This adjustment may take care of your side clearance problem. If the lower half of your Susan appears to be misaligned, you’ll have to adjust the pivot base in addition to its top. 3-7. Realign the pivot base when necessary. Open the door wide enough to expose the bottom bracket on either side of the Susan. Loosen this bracket by removing the fastening setscrew and star washer with a screwdriver. Now you can realign the pivot cam (metal arm) base so that it’s centered. You’ll have to repeat this process on the opposite side of the Lazy Susan where you’ll find an identical bracket/pivot cam base. Work on brackets one at a time. After you’ve taken apart, realigned, and refastened the first bracket, move on to the next one. When properly centered, the pivot cam bases of both sides should be aligned with regard to the center pole. 3-8. Refasten the bracket. Be careful when refastening; if you jostle the pivot cam, it could be knocked out of alignment. Replace the star washers and reattach the setscrews for the bracket. When fastened, similarly adjust the opposite side bottom bracket/pivot cam base. Verify that the position did not become altered while you were returning these pieces to their original positions by stepping back and evaluating the evenness of the side clearance. 3-9. Check the door to complete your side clearance adjustment. Sometimes these alignments (especially those made to pivots) can require several attempts before they are resolved. Double check door alignment after completing the top and bottom adjustments, especially. If the side clearance is still unequal, you will need to readjust the top pivot pole and/or bottom pivot cams.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:16", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Correcting Poor Rotation\\n1-1. Pinpoint where rotation problems are occurring.\\nWhen a Lazy Susan becomes stiff and difficult to rotate, the problem is usually caused by either the center shaft or the position of its bottom shelf. Lightly spin the Susan and note where it locks up, has difficulty turning, or has poor clearance.\\nIf the center movable shelf begins to bind, it will prevent free rotation. In this situation, you’ll need to loosen this shelf.\\nIf the circular shelves slip down the center shaft, the bottom shelf can begin to drag, making it difficult to turn. You will need to adjust the height of this shelf to fix the problem.\\n1-2. Locate the locking bolt to adjust the center shaft.\\nLook at the top of the center shaft. There should be one large bolt locking the exterior shaft to a metal sleeve positioned inside the shaft. This is the locking bolt for the shaft.\\nThis bolt holds the center shaft in place and maintains the length of the shaft. Sometimes excess pressure from this bolt can cause the shaft to bind.\\nOn some models, the locking bolt might be located at the bottom of the Susan, however, in most cases, it will found near the top.\\n1-3. Loosen the bolt.\\nIf anything is inside your Lazy Susan, empty it so you have more space to work. Using a wrench or ratchet, loosen the bolt by turning it one-quarter of a full rotation counterclockwise. At first, the bolt may require some elbow grease to break loose.\\nOnly loosen the bolt enough to manipulate the hardware inside the center shaft. On some models, this might require more or less than one-quarter rotation.\\nGenerally, it’s better to loosen the bolt in small increments. This will prevent you from loosening it too much, which could result in the alignment of the Susan being thrown off.\\n1-4. Move the adjusting rod.\\nNow that the bolt is loose, you’ll be able to adjust the center shaft. Slide the metal adjusting sleeve the bolt was holding in place no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) to provide better clearance between the center shaft and top of the cabinet.\\nWork in small increments when adjusting the center shaft. Large adjustments could cause the Lazy Susan to topple over.\\n1-5. Tighten the bolt to finish adjusting the center shaft.\\nUse your wrench or ratchet to carefully refasten the locking bolt in place. Do not over-tighten the bolt. It should be looser than it was initially, but still tight enough to hold the adjusting rod in place.\\n1-6. Locate the locking screws to adjust the shelf position.\\nMost Lazy Susans should have two or more locking screws located at the center of each shelf. These screws hold the shelves to the center shaft.\\nWhen all of the shelves are held together by the front decorative panel, you will need to adjust the entire shelf system. In this case, there may not be screws located at the height of each shelf.\\nIf the shelves must be adjusted separately, you'll only need to work with the bottom shelf. Locate the locking screws in the bottom shelf only.\\n1-7. Loosen the screws.\\nLoosen the locking screws using a Phillips-head screwdriver or similar tool. Hold the screwdriver so its head meets the fastener straight on. Apply firm pressure down on the screw while turning counterclockwise to prevent stripping fastener hardware.\\nScrews can be left in their holes once they have been unattached from the center shaft. However, you may want to set loosened screws off to the side to prevent any from getting lost.\\n1-8. Raise the shelves to finish adjusting shelf position.\\nCarefully lift the bottom shelf or entire shelf system until there is roughly half an inch (1.25 cm) of space between the bottom shelf and the bottom of the cabinet.\\nThe shelves may resist this adjustment and begin binding on the center shaft. Maneuver shelves until they are level and at a suitable height.\\nUnder no circumstances should you lubricate the center shaft. Doing so could prevent the screws from holding their position.\\n1-9. Tighten the screws.\\nHold the shelf in place with one hand and use your free hand to tighten the locking screws back in place with a screwdriver. Take care not to let the shelf slip as you reattach fasteners, as this could cause it to become uneven or binding.\\nMake the screws as tight as possible without stripping any of the hardware. The shelves must be stationary and secure to prevent this kind of misalignment.\\n2. Fixing an Uneven Door\\n2-1. Locate where there are door problems.\\nDoor problems are usually easier to identify than rotation problems. The door of the unit may close unevenly or it may not have sufficient clearance at the top, bottom, or sides of the cabinet.\\nIf the door does not close completely, or if it closes unevenly, you'll need to adjust the doors until they are centered correctly within the frame.\\nWhen the top or bottom clearance is insufficient, you'll notice the gaps at both sides of the door will be unequal.\\nWhen the side clearance is insufficient, the door will appear crooked. Additionally, the gaps around it will but unequal.\\n2-2. Loosen the collar screw when doors close unevenly.\\nOpen the door and locate the collar at the top of the unit. For many models, this part will be made of white plastic. Use a Phillips-head screwdriver to loosen the screw on this collar.\\nLoosen the screw by one full counterclockwise rotation. Even loosened, the screw should remain in its position in the collar.\\n2-3. Rotate the shelf unit and door counterclockwise.\\nUsing both hands, carefully rotate the entire shelf unit and door in a counterclockwise direction. Continue until the collar hits the catch latch located at the back of the ceiling bracket.\\nTurn the Lazy Susan slowly. Listen for a slight click. This is a signal that you've reached the catch latch.\\nOnce you hit the catch latch, the collar should be properly aligned with the spring. You should feel a slight resistance to additional counterclockwise turning.\\n2-4. Rotate the door.\\nGradually rotate the door in a clockwise direction until it reaches the exact center-front. If possible, take a step back and check the alignment from a distance. Make sure the door is precisely in place before moving on.\\nThe plastic collar should remain fixed in place as you rotate the door, so it may be difficult to step away. Have a friend or family member help you evaluate the door position, in these cases.\\nIf you accidentally rotate past the center-front position, continue rotating the door in a clockwise direction. Do not rotate it counterclockwise until after you finish setting it.\\n2-5. Turn the entire assembly.\\nCarefully and slowly rotate the entire assembly in a counterclockwise direction. Continue turning the assembly until the collar screw faces you. The door and collar should maintain their alignment as you turn the assembly.\\nIt may help you to maintain the position of the collar and door by marking their correct positions with a piece of painter’s tape, masking tape, or something similar.\\n2-6. Tighten the screw to finish adjusting uneven doors.\\nTighten the collar screw back into its original position. The door should now be properly aligned and fixed into place. Give the Lazy Susan a few spins to check that everything works correctly, and your door adjustment is finished.\\nTo prevent the collar from twisting out of place while it’s fastened, you may need to hold it in place as the screw is tightened.\\n3. Correcting Insufficient Top, Bottom, and Side Clearance\\n3-1. Remove the retainer clip to improve top and bottom clearance.\\nLocate the plastic retainer clip at the bottom of the center shaft. Firmly grasp the clip between your fingers, open it, and pull it out. Under the clip should be a cut-out portion of the shaft with a thumbscrew adjustment wheel.\\nThe cabinet will need to be completely empty when you make this adjustment. Do not attempt to complete the process when the shelves are loaded, especially if they are heavily loaded.\\n3-2. Turn the adjustment wheel.\\nUse your fingers to turn the thumbscrew adjustment wheel in the cut-out portion of the center shaft. Rotate the wheel clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower the door.\\nGenerally you can expect that for each full rotation of the screw the height will be adjusted by about 1/32 in (0.8 mm).\\nYou may need to apply gentle pressure to the underside of the bottom shelf to aid the adjustment if you are attempting to raise the door.\\n3-3. Replace the retainer clip to complete the top and bottom adjustment.\\nAfter adjusting the door to the proper height, return the retainer clip to its original position at the bottom of the pole. The clip should fasten back into place firmly.\\nIt's a good idea to tighten all of the adjustment screws attached to the center shaft, shelves, and door after setting the height. Doing this could prevent the door from falling out of alignment again.\\n3-4. Outline the top and bottom brackets when side clearance is insufficient.\\nUsing an erasable pencil, lightly outline the current position of the top and bottom brackets. If lighting is too poor inside the cabinet to make these marks easily, use a flashlight or electric lantern.\\nDoing this will give you a reference point to work from as you make the adjustment. Pencil marks can be erased once you complete the process.\\n3-5. Realign the pivot pole from the top.\\nUse a screwdriver to remove the setscrews and loosen the star washers holding the pivot housing in place on both sides of the pivot pole. Adjust the pivot housing and pivot pole until both are centered and aligned.\\nWhen the star washers are in place but before fastening the setscrews, take a step back and look over your Lazy Susan. If the side clearance is still uneven, remove the washers and readjust the pivot.\\nUse your outline to guide your adjustments. For example, if the left side is low, you’ll likely need to move the pivot pole and housing to the right.\\n3-6. Refasten the pivot housing.\\nOnce you tighten the star washers, you’ll be ready to return the setscrews to their original position. When the screws are in place, check the side clearance of the Lazy Susan again to make sure that it wasn't altered as you refastened its hardware.\\nThis adjustment may take care of your side clearance problem. If the lower half of your Susan appears to be misaligned, you’ll have to adjust the pivot base in addition to its top.\\n3-7. Realign the pivot base when necessary.\\nOpen the door wide enough to expose the bottom bracket on either side of the Susan. Loosen this bracket by removing the fastening setscrew and star washer with a screwdriver. Now you can realign the pivot cam (metal arm) base so that it’s centered.\\nYou’ll have to repeat this process on the opposite side of the Lazy Susan where you’ll find an identical bracket/pivot cam base.\\nWork on brackets one at a time. After you’ve taken apart, realigned, and refastened the first bracket, move on to the next one.\\nWhen properly centered, the pivot cam bases of both sides should be aligned with regard to the center pole.\\n3-8. Refasten the bracket.\\nBe careful when refastening; if you jostle the pivot cam, it could be knocked out of alignment. Replace the star washers and reattach the setscrews for the bracket. When fastened, similarly adjust the opposite side bottom bracket/pivot cam base.\\nVerify that the position did not become altered while you were returning these pieces to their original positions by stepping back and evaluating the evenness of the side clearance.\\n3-9. Check the door to complete your side clearance adjustment.\\nSometimes these alignments (especially those made to pivots) can require several attempts before they are resolved. Double check door alignment after completing the top and bottom adjustments, especially.\\nIf the side clearance is still unequal, you will need to readjust the top pivot pole and/or bottom pivot cams.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Adjusting misaligned Lazy Susan units might seem intimidating, but the most common corrections you'll need to make can be done at home using standard tools. Fix rotation problems by adjusting the center shaft or bottom shelf position. Remedy misaligned doors by correcting the door position from inside the overall unit.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Correcting Poor Rotation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pinpoint where rotation problems are occurring.\", \"描述\": \"When a Lazy Susan becomes stiff and difficult to rotate, the problem is usually caused by either the center shaft or the position of its bottom shelf. Lightly spin the Susan and note where it locks up, has difficulty turning, or has poor clearance.\\nIf the center movable shelf begins to bind, it will prevent free rotation. In this situation, you’ll need to loosen this shelf.\\nIf the circular shelves slip down the center shaft, the bottom shelf can begin to drag, making it difficult to turn. You will need to adjust the height of this shelf to fix the problem.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Locate the locking bolt to adjust the center shaft.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the top of the center shaft. There should be one large bolt locking the exterior shaft to a metal sleeve positioned inside the shaft. This is the locking bolt for the shaft.\\nThis bolt holds the center shaft in place and maintains the length of the shaft. Sometimes excess pressure from this bolt can cause the shaft to bind.\\nOn some models, the locking bolt might be located at the bottom of the Susan, however, in most cases, it will found near the top.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Loosen the bolt.\", \"描述\": \"If anything is inside your Lazy Susan, empty it so you have more space to work. Using a wrench or ratchet, loosen the bolt by turning it one-quarter of a full rotation counterclockwise. At first, the bolt may require some elbow grease to break loose.\\nOnly loosen the bolt enough to manipulate the hardware inside the center shaft. On some models, this might require more or less than one-quarter rotation.\\nGenerally, it’s better to loosen the bolt in small increments. This will prevent you from loosening it too much, which could result in the alignment of the Susan being thrown off.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Move the adjusting rod.\", \"描述\": \"Now that the bolt is loose, you’ll be able to adjust the center shaft. Slide the metal adjusting sleeve the bolt was holding in place no more than 1 inch (2.5 cm) to provide better clearance between the center shaft and top of the cabinet.\\nWork in small increments when adjusting the center shaft. Large adjustments could cause the Lazy Susan to topple over.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tighten the bolt to finish adjusting the center shaft.\", \"描述\": \"Use your wrench or ratchet to carefully refasten the locking bolt in place. Do not over-tighten the bolt. It should be looser than it was initially, but still tight enough to hold the adjusting rod in place.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Locate the locking screws to adjust the shelf position.\", \"描述\": \"Most Lazy Susans should have two or more locking screws located at the center of each shelf. These screws hold the shelves to the center shaft.\\nWhen all of the shelves are held together by the front decorative panel, you will need to adjust the entire shelf system. In this case, there may not be screws located at the height of each shelf.\\nIf the shelves must be adjusted separately, you'll only need to work with the bottom shelf. Locate the locking screws in the bottom shelf only.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Loosen the screws.\", \"描述\": \"Loosen the locking screws using a Phillips-head screwdriver or similar tool. Hold the screwdriver so its head meets the fastener straight on. Apply firm pressure down on the screw while turning counterclockwise to prevent stripping fastener hardware.\\nScrews can be left in their holes once they have been unattached from the center shaft. However, you may want to set loosened screws off to the side to prevent any from getting lost.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Raise the shelves to finish adjusting shelf position.\", \"描述\": \"Carefully lift the bottom shelf or entire shelf system until there is roughly half an inch (1.25 cm) of space between the bottom shelf and the bottom of the cabinet.\\nThe shelves may resist this adjustment and begin binding on the center shaft. Maneuver shelves until they are level and at a suitable height.\\nUnder no circumstances should you lubricate the center shaft. Doing so could prevent the screws from holding their position.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Tighten the screws.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the shelf in place with one hand and use your free hand to tighten the locking screws back in place with a screwdriver. Take care not to let the shelf slip as you reattach fasteners, as this could cause it to become uneven or binding.\\nMake the screws as tight as possible without stripping any of the hardware. The shelves must be stationary and secure to prevent this kind of misalignment.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fixing an Uneven Door\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate where there are door problems.\", \"描述\": \"Door problems are usually easier to identify than rotation problems. The door of the unit may close unevenly or it may not have sufficient clearance at the top, bottom, or sides of the cabinet.\\nIf the door does not close completely, or if it closes unevenly, you'll need to adjust the doors until they are centered correctly within the frame.\\nWhen the top or bottom clearance is insufficient, you'll notice the gaps at both sides of the door will be unequal.\\nWhen the side clearance is insufficient, the door will appear crooked. Additionally, the gaps around it will but unequal.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Loosen the collar screw when doors close unevenly.\", \"描述\": \"Open the door and locate the collar at the top of the unit. For many models, this part will be made of white plastic. Use a Phillips-head screwdriver to loosen the screw on this collar.\\nLoosen the screw by one full counterclockwise rotation. Even loosened, the screw should remain in its position in the collar.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rotate the shelf unit and door counterclockwise.\", \"描述\": \"Using both hands, carefully rotate the entire shelf unit and door in a counterclockwise direction. Continue until the collar hits the catch latch located at the back of the ceiling bracket.\\nTurn the Lazy Susan slowly. Listen for a slight click. This is a signal that you've reached the catch latch.\\nOnce you hit the catch latch, the collar should be properly aligned with the spring. You should feel a slight resistance to additional counterclockwise turning.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rotate the door.\", \"描述\": \"Gradually rotate the door in a clockwise direction until it reaches the exact center-front. If possible, take a step back and check the alignment from a distance. Make sure the door is precisely in place before moving on.\\nThe plastic collar should remain fixed in place as you rotate the door, so it may be difficult to step away. Have a friend or family member help you evaluate the door position, in these cases.\\nIf you accidentally rotate past the center-front position, continue rotating the door in a clockwise direction. Do not rotate it counterclockwise until after you finish setting it.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Turn the entire assembly.\", \"描述\": \"Carefully and slowly rotate the entire assembly in a counterclockwise direction. Continue turning the assembly until the collar screw faces you. The door and collar should maintain their alignment as you turn the assembly.\\nIt may help you to maintain the position of the collar and door by marking their correct positions with a piece of painter’s tape, masking tape, or something similar.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tighten the screw to finish adjusting uneven doors.\", \"描述\": \"Tighten the collar screw back into its original position. The door should now be properly aligned and fixed into place. Give the Lazy Susan a few spins to check that everything works correctly, and your door adjustment is finished.\\nTo prevent the collar from twisting out of place while it’s fastened, you may need to hold it in place as the screw is tightened.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Correcting Insufficient Top, Bottom, and Side Clearance\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the retainer clip to improve top and bottom clearance.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the plastic retainer clip at the bottom of the center shaft. Firmly grasp the clip between your fingers, open it, and pull it out. Under the clip should be a cut-out portion of the shaft with a thumbscrew adjustment wheel.\\nThe cabinet will need to be completely empty when you make this adjustment. Do not attempt to complete the process when the shelves are loaded, especially if they are heavily loaded.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the adjustment wheel.\", \"描述\": \"Use your fingers to turn the thumbscrew adjustment wheel in the cut-out portion of the center shaft. Rotate the wheel clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower the door.\\nGenerally you can expect that for each full rotation of the screw the height will be adjusted by about 1/32 in (0.8 mm).\\nYou may need to apply gentle pressure to the underside of the bottom shelf to aid the adjustment if you are attempting to raise the door.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Replace the retainer clip to complete the top and bottom adjustment.\", \"描述\": \"After adjusting the door to the proper height, return the retainer clip to its original position at the bottom of the pole. The clip should fasten back into place firmly.\\nIt's a good idea to tighten all of the adjustment screws attached to the center shaft, shelves, and door after setting the height. Doing this could prevent the door from falling out of alignment again.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Outline the top and bottom brackets when side clearance is insufficient.\", \"描述\": \"Using an erasable pencil, lightly outline the current position of the top and bottom brackets. If lighting is too poor inside the cabinet to make these marks easily, use a flashlight or electric lantern.\\nDoing this will give you a reference point to work from as you make the adjustment. Pencil marks can be erased once you complete the process.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Realign the pivot pole from the top.\", \"描述\": \"Use a screwdriver to remove the setscrews and loosen the star washers holding the pivot housing in place on both sides of the pivot pole. Adjust the pivot housing and pivot pole until both are centered and aligned.\\nWhen the star washers are in place but before fastening the setscrews, take a step back and look over your Lazy Susan. If the side clearance is still uneven, remove the washers and readjust the pivot.\\nUse your outline to guide your adjustments. For example, if the left side is low, you’ll likely need to move the pivot pole and housing to the right.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Refasten the pivot housing.\", \"描述\": \"Once you tighten the star washers, you’ll be ready to return the setscrews to their original position. When the screws are in place, check the side clearance of the Lazy Susan again to make sure that it wasn't altered as you refastened its hardware.\\nThis adjustment may take care of your side clearance problem. If the lower half of your Susan appears to be misaligned, you’ll have to adjust the pivot base in addition to its top.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Realign the pivot base when necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Open the door wide enough to expose the bottom bracket on either side of the Susan. Loosen this bracket by removing the fastening setscrew and star washer with a screwdriver. Now you can realign the pivot cam (metal arm) base so that it’s centered.\\nYou’ll have to repeat this process on the opposite side of the Lazy Susan where you’ll find an identical bracket/pivot cam base.\\nWork on brackets one at a time. After you’ve taken apart, realigned, and refastened the first bracket, move on to the next one.\\nWhen properly centered, the pivot cam bases of both sides should be aligned with regard to the center pole.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Refasten the bracket.\", \"描述\": \"Be careful when refastening; if you jostle the pivot cam, it could be knocked out of alignment. Replace the star washers and reattach the setscrews for the bracket. When fastened, similarly adjust the opposite side bottom bracket/pivot cam base.\\nVerify that the position did not become altered while you were returning these pieces to their original positions by stepping back and evaluating the evenness of the side clearance.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Check the door to complete your side clearance adjustment.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes these alignments (especially those made to pivots) can require several attempts before they are resolved. Double check door alignment after completing the top and bottom adjustments, especially.\\nIf the side clearance is still unequal, you will need to readjust the top pivot pole and/or bottom pivot cams.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
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1,412
How to Adjust a Mesh Watch Strap
1. Opening the Clasp 1-1. Find a small flathead screwdriver. You will need a small, pointed object to pry open the mesh clasp. The type of screwdriver used to adjust eyeglass screws would work well. A Phillips head screwdriver will not work, since it will be too large to fit into the clasp. If you do not have a small screwdriver, you could use a different small, blunt tool. For example, try one of the prying tools built into a Swiss Army knife. Do not use a knife blade. The point of the knife could slip and scratch the watch, or you could accidentally cut your fingers with the blade. 1-2. Hold the clasp steady. Place the watch flat on a table or other firm surface. Use your non-dominant hand to hold the clasp firmly in position. If you’re not near a table, it’s possible to adjust the clasp if you’re holding the watch in your hand. However, if this is your first time adjusting a mesh watch strap, doing it on a table will make the process easier. 1-3. Place the screwdriver head into the small hole on the clasp. The front side of the clasp (which will be facing up when the watch is laying face-up) will have a small hole about ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) wide directly in its center. You’ll use this hole to pry the strap open. Put the tip of your screwdriver—or other tool—directly into the hole. The hole will be shaped and sized differently depending on the brand of mesh strap you’re adjusting. Some clasps may even have a small arrow pointing to the hole. 1-4. Pry the clasp upwards to open it. There will be a small set of hinges at the base of the watch clasp, on the side closest to the watch’s face. Slowly exert pressure down on the screwdriver to pry the top portion of the clasp up and open. If the clasp doesn’t fully open with the use of the screwdriver, use your thumb and index finger to open it completely. 2. Adjusting the Clasp 2-1. Slide the clasp up or down the mesh strap. Adjust the clasp to accommodate your wrist. Sliding the clasp farther up the mesh strap (towards the watch) will tighten the strap on your wrist, and sliding the clasp down the mesh strap (away from the watch) will loosen the strap. Be careful not to drop the clasp on the floor. 2-2. Align the back of the clasp with a groove in the mesh watch strap. Due to its design, the back of the mesh watch strap will have a small groove every ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) or so. The back of the clasp will have a corresponding indentation that fits snugly into any of these grooves. If you try to close the clasp without first having aligned it with a slot in the mesh strap, the clasp will be unable to close. 2-3. Close the clasp. Once you’ve found the best position for the watch strap and aligned it with a groove in the mesh strap, close the clasp to lock it in place. You should hear a “pop” sound as the clasp snaps shut. At this point, the watch is ready to be worn.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:16", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Opening the Clasp\\n1-1. Find a small flathead screwdriver.\\nYou will need a small, pointed object to pry open the mesh clasp. The type of screwdriver used to adjust eyeglass screws would work well. A Phillips head screwdriver will not work, since it will be too large to fit into the clasp.\\nIf you do not have a small screwdriver, you could use a different small, blunt tool. For example, try one of the prying tools built into a Swiss Army knife.\\nDo not use a knife blade. The point of the knife could slip and scratch the watch, or you could accidentally cut your fingers with the blade.\\n1-2. Hold the clasp steady.\\nPlace the watch flat on a table or other firm surface. Use your non-dominant hand to hold the clasp firmly in position.\\nIf you’re not near a table, it’s possible to adjust the clasp if you’re holding the watch in your hand. However, if this is your first time adjusting a mesh watch strap, doing it on a table will make the process easier.\\n1-3. Place the screwdriver head into the small hole on the clasp.\\nThe front side of the clasp (which will be facing up when the watch is laying face-up) will have a small hole about ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) wide directly in its center. You’ll use this hole to pry the strap open. Put the tip of your screwdriver—or other tool—directly into the hole.\\nThe hole will be shaped and sized differently depending on the brand of mesh strap you’re adjusting.\\nSome clasps may even have a small arrow pointing to the hole.\\n1-4. Pry the clasp upwards to open it.\\nThere will be a small set of hinges at the base of the watch clasp, on the side closest to the watch’s face. Slowly exert pressure down on the screwdriver to pry the top portion of the clasp up and open.\\nIf the clasp doesn’t fully open with the use of the screwdriver, use your thumb and index finger to open it completely.\\n2. Adjusting the Clasp\\n2-1. Slide the clasp up or down the mesh strap.\\nAdjust the clasp to accommodate your wrist. Sliding the clasp farther up the mesh strap (towards the watch) will tighten the strap on your wrist, and sliding the clasp down the mesh strap (away from the watch) will loosen the strap.\\nBe careful not to drop the clasp on the floor.\\n2-2. Align the back of the clasp with a groove in the mesh watch strap.\\nDue to its design, the back of the mesh watch strap will have a small groove every ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) or so. The back of the clasp will have a corresponding indentation that fits snugly into any of these grooves.\\nIf you try to close the clasp without first having aligned it with a slot in the mesh strap, the clasp will be unable to close.\\n2-3. Close the clasp.\\nOnce you’ve found the best position for the watch strap and aligned it with a groove in the mesh strap, close the clasp to lock it in place. You should hear a “pop” sound as the clasp snaps shut.\\nAt this point, the watch is ready to be worn.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Metal mesh watch straps are a popular option for both men’s and women’s watches. Although these watches operate a little differently from traditional leather- or metal-strap watches, you can easily adjust your mesh watch strap using a flathead screwdriver. Adjust the placement of the sliding clasp on the lower portion of the mesh band to fit the mesh strap comfortably around your wrist.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Opening the Clasp\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find a small flathead screwdriver.\", \"描述\": \"You will need a small, pointed object to pry open the mesh clasp. The type of screwdriver used to adjust eyeglass screws would work well. A Phillips head screwdriver will not work, since it will be too large to fit into the clasp.\\nIf you do not have a small screwdriver, you could use a different small, blunt tool. For example, try one of the prying tools built into a Swiss Army knife.\\nDo not use a knife blade. The point of the knife could slip and scratch the watch, or you could accidentally cut your fingers with the blade.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Hold the clasp steady.\", \"描述\": \"Place the watch flat on a table or other firm surface. Use your non-dominant hand to hold the clasp firmly in position.\\nIf you’re not near a table, it’s possible to adjust the clasp if you’re holding the watch in your hand. However, if this is your first time adjusting a mesh watch strap, doing it on a table will make the process easier.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place the screwdriver head into the small hole on the clasp.\", \"描述\": \"The front side of the clasp (which will be facing up when the watch is laying face-up) will have a small hole about ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) wide directly in its center. You’ll use this hole to pry the strap open. Put the tip of your screwdriver—or other tool—directly into the hole.\\nThe hole will be shaped and sized differently depending on the brand of mesh strap you’re adjusting.\\nSome clasps may even have a small arrow pointing to the hole.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pry the clasp upwards to open it.\", \"描述\": \"There will be a small set of hinges at the base of the watch clasp, on the side closest to the watch’s face. Slowly exert pressure down on the screwdriver to pry the top portion of the clasp up and open.\\nIf the clasp doesn’t fully open with the use of the screwdriver, use your thumb and index finger to open it completely.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Clasp\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Slide the clasp up or down the mesh strap.\", \"描述\": \"Adjust the clasp to accommodate your wrist. Sliding the clasp farther up the mesh strap (towards the watch) will tighten the strap on your wrist, and sliding the clasp down the mesh strap (away from the watch) will loosen the strap.\\nBe careful not to drop the clasp on the floor.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Align the back of the clasp with a groove in the mesh watch strap.\", \"描述\": \"Due to its design, the back of the mesh watch strap will have a small groove every ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) or so. The back of the clasp will have a corresponding indentation that fits snugly into any of these grooves.\\nIf you try to close the clasp without first having aligned it with a slot in the mesh strap, the clasp will be unable to close.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Close the clasp.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve found the best position for the watch strap and aligned it with a groove in the mesh strap, close the clasp to lock it in place. You should hear a “pop” sound as the clasp snaps shut.\\nAt this point, the watch is ready to be worn.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,413
How to Adjust a Metal Watch Band
1. Measuring Your Watch’s Fit 1-1. Check the band for pins if you’re unsure what kind of watch you have. There are a wide variety of watches in the world, and some of them are easier to adjust than others. Straight pins are very common, but some pins are L or U-shaped. You can spot these pins by looking along the sides of the bands for clues. Spread the links out as well to see if you can peek between them. The most common pins are straight ones. Look for a series of vertical pin holes on the edges of the bands. L-shaped pins look like horizontal bars over the links. That is only part of the pin. The vertical part of the “L” runs down to the opposite edge of the band. With U-shaped pins, your watch band looks like a series of vertical bars. The pins are actually underneath clips on each link. You may be able to see the clips curving down from the edges of the band. Mesh bands don’t have links at all. Instead, a mesh band is a solid piece of flexible metal. The clasp controls the fit. 1-2. Set the watch on your wrist to determine how many links to remove. Slip the watch on like you would normally wear it, centering the clasp on the underside of your wrist. Pinch the band to remove all of the slack. Then, count the number of links you are able to pinch together to eliminate the slack. Make sure the band is relatively loose but not loose enough to slide across your wrist. At the right setting, it will stay put when you wear it. Try to measure it as accurately as possible so you don’t have to go back and make a second adjustment later. 1-3. Make a mark with a water-based marker if you have a mesh band. Mesh bands are a little different since they don’t have individual links to remove. Instead, you adjust the band by moving the clasp. Put the watch on and make a mark where you wish to move the clasp in order to make the band fit your wrist. Use a simple marker like the kind young children use. These ones are easy to wash off with a towel and maybe a little bit of water. Avoid anything permanent, since you probably won’t enjoy an unpleasant mark on an otherwise flawless watch. 2. Fixing a Straight Pin Watch 2-1. Identify the removable links by finding the arrows printed on them. The arrows make the removable links very easy to spot. Place the watch on a microfiber towel, turning it so the arrows point down. The pin holes will be on top so you can knock the pins out from the band. Some of the links may not have arrows on them. These ones aren’t meant to be removed. If your watch doesn’t have any arrows on it, look carefully at the pin holes. The pins will sit a little deeper inside the band on one side. Reach for them from that side. 2-2. Align a pin push tool over the pin you wish to remove. You need something small in order to reach the pin. A pin push is little more than a handle with a needle on the end, but no watch pin can escape it. Set the point over the pin securing the link you wish to remove. You can find pin push tools online or at many hardware stores. Take the opportunity to also get a small hammer and any other gear you need for the adjustment. Some watches have screws instead of pins. They aren’t as common, but the screw heads will be noticeable on one end of the band if your watch has them. Use a small flathead screwdriver instead to remove the bands. 2-3. Use a small hammer to tap the push tool until the pin falls out. Tap, tap, tap to push the pin out as far as it will go. Any small hammer works well for this, including ball-peen hammers and even tack hammers. The key is to be cautious and tap gently to avoid damaging the watch. Tap the pin as far as you can get it to move. To make this part easier, get a watch working block to hold the watch in place. You could also cut a slit in a piece of foam and put the watch in it. If the pin doesn’t fall out on its own, grab it with your fingers or a pair of needle-nose pliers. Some watches have metal pin tubes called ferrules that fall out as you hammer. If your watch has these, set them aside to put back when you replace the pin. 2-4. Remove the link and take out other pins as needed. Without the pin holding it in place, the link slides off the watch band. Set it aside for now. Continue adjusting the band by repeating the steps on any other links you wish to remove. To keep the band even, plan on removing links in pairs. You may wish to close the band and test the watch against your wrist again after each removal. 2-5. Put the pin back in place to fasten the band together. After removing a link, push the loose ends of the band together. Set the pin back in the pinhole, making sure you insert it from the correct end. Push the pin tip in first, then hammer the back end to push the pin into the band again. Push the pin toward the arrows on the band. The wider end of the pin will end up on top so you can then follow the direction of the arrows again next time you need to adjust the band. If your watch band had ferrules in it, remember to put one at both ends of the pinhole. Tap them in place with the hammer. 3. Detaching Links with L-Shaped Pins 3-1. Find the arrows to see which links are removable. Your watch band may have small arrows printed on it. Lay the watch on a microfiber towel, then turn it so the arrows point down. This will bring the pins to the top so you can access them. If your watch doesn’t have arrows, inspect the edges of each link. If you see small horizontal bars on the links, then you might have an L-shaped pin. 3-2. Slide the tip of a spring bar tool into the pinhole. Look for a small but noticeable hole on the sides of the pins between the links. If you have a spring bar tool, use it to easily leverage the pin. A spring bar tool is a small metal bar with a sharp point for removing pins. If you can, also set the watch in a watch band holder ot cut piece of foam to prevent it from moving as you work. You can get a spring bar tool online and at some hardware stores. If you don’t have a spring bar tool, try finding anything else with a sharp metal point. You could reach the pin using a small pair of pliers, for instance. 3-3. Push the pin up and out of the band using the spring bar tool. Leverage the tip of the spring bar into the hole. If you're using pliers, close the jaws together to lift the pin out of its slot. Eventually, you will see it come out from the top of the band. As soon as you are able to reach it, pluck it with your fingers to pull it the rest of the way out. The pointed end of spring bar tool is also useful for continuing to lift the pin if you aren’t able to hold onto it with your fingers. 3-4. Slide the link out and remove other pins as needed. Complete the adjustment by taking care of all of the other links you planned on removing. You don’t need to close the band unless you plan on testing the fit after removing a link. Simply remove each individual pin. The links slide out of place with ease once the pins are gone. To keep the band even, consider removing a link from each end. Try to avoid taking off more links than you think you need, and close the band to test its fit if you’re not sure. 3-5. Hammer the pin back into place when you’re ready to close the band. After removing all of the bands you wish to remove, pull the loose ends back together. When putting an L pin back, insert the longer, vertical end first so the small pinhole is at the top of the watch. Slide the pin in, then tap it down with your hammer until it locks into place. Keep hammering the pin until it is flush with the top of the watch. The horizontal part of the pin will catch on the band and hide any gaps so your band looks like a single, continuous piece of metal. 4. Removing U-Clip Expansion Band Pins 4-1. Place the band on a towel with the inside part face up. Lay down a microfiber cloth on a flat surface to avoid scratching the metal as you work. The tabs holding the links in place are on the edges of the band. These tabs are on both edges, so it doesn’t really matter which side you start on. You could also stand the watch on a block of wood. As long as the surface is smooth and stable, it won’t damage the watch. 4-2. Pry open the tabs on the links with a utility knife. While pinning the watch against the towel, spread the links apart with your middle and index finger. Then, begin working on the edge of the band facing you. Each link is held in place by a pair of flat tabs, so slide your knife under the tabs and pull them toward you. Keep the band pinned down with your thumb until the tabs are flat and vertical like the links they protect. You could also use a spring bar tool, which is like a combination push pin tool and blade made specifically for watches. Many hardware stores carry them, along with any other tools you need, or you can order one online. 4-3. Turn the band around and open the tabs on the other side. The tabs aren’t perfectly aligned with the ones on the opposite end, so examine the watch to find the closest ones. Pry them back with caution, using the edge of a knife or another tool to lift them. Pull the tabs back until they are roughly parallel with the band to avoid bending them back too far. If you need to, pull them back with a pair of pliers. Stubborn tabs are easier to bend back this way. 4-4. Pull out the U-shaped pins between the open tabs. The pins are small, so removing them is delicate work. Slip a small pair of needle-nose pliers or tweezers into the open space between the tabs. Each link has 2 to 3 pins that look like horizontal bars when you’re looking down through the band. Pull all of them out to loosen the link. The pins are on both sides of the band. After pulling a pin out, turn the band around and reach in from the other side. Getting all of the pins is a little easier if you approach them from both sides. 4-5. Remove more pins and links to shorten the band. After removing the pins, slide the link off the band and set it aside. Then, repeat the steps for any additional link you wish to remove. You will need to remove a series of pins for each link. It is a little tedious, but it isn’t too difficult when you take your time. Remove an even number of links to keep the band looking its best. To make the process easier, remove adjacent bands instead of alternating ends. 4-6. Reinsert the pins to close the band again. Push the loose ends of the band together to close it again, then start putting the pins back between the open tabs. Start with 1 of the pins, holding the horizontal part with tweezers. Fit each pin in one of the slots between the links. Then, push them down to get them level with the clips in the other links. You will need to do the same thing on the other side of the band. Sometimes you can put them both in right away without them falling right back out. If you can’t keep them in place, close the tabs on one end before putting the second pin back. 4-7. Push the tabs closed with a utility knife. Use the knife or the sharp end of a spring bar tool to flatten out the open tabs. Be gentle with them to avoid damaging them as you bend them back into position. Bend them so they lay flat against the rest of the band, holding the pins in place. To test it, try flipping the band over to see if the pins fall out. You don’t have to bend the tabs all the way over. As long as they look neat and hold the pins in place, you don’t need to mess with them. If you need to adjust the watch band again, consider working on a different set of tabs. The tabs weaken a little each time you bend them, so try to avoid opening the same tabs each time. 5. Using the Clip to Adjust Mesh Bands 5-1. Lay the watch band flat and locate the clasp lever. Spread the watch band out on a microfiber towel with the clasp face up. Look inside the clasp to find the spot where the band passes through it. In that area, you will see a small bar running across the clasp, securing it to the band. You need that lever in order to adjust the band. The lever is often over a small hook that holds the clasp closed. It is a metal bar positioned over the mesh band that moves when you pry it up. 5-2. Reach the lever by sliding a small tool between the band and clasp. A watch spring bar tool works well if you have one, but you could also use a small flathead screwdriver. Most levers have small notches in them like big bullseyes. Slip the tip in and pull it back to open up the clasp. Basically, any small, pointed tool opens the clasp. You could even use something as small as a push pin if you’re out of options. 5-3. Slide the clasp along the band to adjust it. Once you release the watch clasp, adjusting the band is simple. The clasp will slide freely along the band, so position it where you need it. It helps a lot if you tested the band on your wrist ahead of time and marked the adjustment position with a water-based marker. Always measure out the band in advance to find the proper clasp position. Wipe off the marker when you’re done making the adjustment. 5-4. Push down on the metal lever to lock the clasp in place. Reach into the clasp with a pin push, which will be the opposite end of the spring bar tool if you’re using one. Set it on top of the lever, then bring it down as far as you can or until you hear it click. If it doesn’t click on its own, try pushing down on the clasp with your fingers or tap it down gently with a small hammer. You could also reach the lever with a small pair of needle-nose pliers. Set the pliers on top of the lever, then hit them gently with a hammer to push the lever down. When the clasp locks, the band won’t move around anymore. Make sure your watch is secure before putting it on. Tips When a watch fits you well, it feels comfortable to wear. Keep it loose enough that it is removable, but not so loose that it slides off your wrist.[25] X Research source Whenever you make an adjustment, put the watch on right away to test it. Sometimes you need to go back and adjust the watch further to make it fit your wrist. A watch that slides around your wrist is more likely to get scratched up. Since it doesn’t stay attached to a particular spot on your arm, it often falls down your arms and hits a bunch of hard things with a clunk you won’t enjoy hearing.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:16", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Measuring Your Watch’s Fit\\n1-1. Check the band for pins if you’re unsure what kind of watch you have.\\nThere are a wide variety of watches in the world, and some of them are easier to adjust than others. Straight pins are very common, but some pins are L or U-shaped. You can spot these pins by looking along the sides of the bands for clues. Spread the links out as well to see if you can peek between them.\\nThe most common pins are straight ones. Look for a series of vertical pin holes on the edges of the bands.\\nL-shaped pins look like horizontal bars over the links. That is only part of the pin. The vertical part of the “L” runs down to the opposite edge of the band.\\nWith U-shaped pins, your watch band looks like a series of vertical bars. The pins are actually underneath clips on each link. You may be able to see the clips curving down from the edges of the band.\\nMesh bands don’t have links at all. Instead, a mesh band is a solid piece of flexible metal. The clasp controls the fit.\\n1-2. Set the watch on your wrist to determine how many links to remove.\\nSlip the watch on like you would normally wear it, centering the clasp on the underside of your wrist. Pinch the band to remove all of the slack. Then, count the number of links you are able to pinch together to eliminate the slack.\\nMake sure the band is relatively loose but not loose enough to slide across your wrist. At the right setting, it will stay put when you wear it. Try to measure it as accurately as possible so you don’t have to go back and make a second adjustment later.\\n1-3. Make a mark with a water-based marker if you have a mesh band.\\nMesh bands are a little different since they don’t have individual links to remove. Instead, you adjust the band by moving the clasp. Put the watch on and make a mark where you wish to move the clasp in order to make the band fit your wrist.\\nUse a simple marker like the kind young children use. These ones are easy to wash off with a towel and maybe a little bit of water. Avoid anything permanent, since you probably won’t enjoy an unpleasant mark on an otherwise flawless watch.\\n2. Fixing a Straight Pin Watch\\n2-1. Identify the removable links by finding the arrows printed on them.\\nThe arrows make the removable links very easy to spot. Place the watch on a microfiber towel, turning it so the arrows point down. The pin holes will be on top so you can knock the pins out from the band.\\nSome of the links may not have arrows on them. These ones aren’t meant to be removed.\\nIf your watch doesn’t have any arrows on it, look carefully at the pin holes. The pins will sit a little deeper inside the band on one side. Reach for them from that side.\\n2-2. Align a pin push tool over the pin you wish to remove.\\nYou need something small in order to reach the pin. A pin push is little more than a handle with a needle on the end, but no watch pin can escape it. Set the point over the pin securing the link you wish to remove.\\nYou can find pin push tools online or at many hardware stores. Take the opportunity to also get a small hammer and any other gear you need for the adjustment.\\nSome watches have screws instead of pins. They aren’t as common, but the screw heads will be noticeable on one end of the band if your watch has them. Use a small flathead screwdriver instead to remove the bands.\\n2-3. Use a small hammer to tap the push tool until the pin falls out.\\nTap, tap, tap to push the pin out as far as it will go. Any small hammer works well for this, including ball-peen hammers and even tack hammers. The key is to be cautious and tap gently to avoid damaging the watch. Tap the pin as far as you can get it to move.\\nTo make this part easier, get a watch working block to hold the watch in place. You could also cut a slit in a piece of foam and put the watch in it.\\nIf the pin doesn’t fall out on its own, grab it with your fingers or a pair of needle-nose pliers.\\nSome watches have metal pin tubes called ferrules that fall out as you hammer. If your watch has these, set them aside to put back when you replace the pin.\\n2-4. Remove the link and take out other pins as needed.\\nWithout the pin holding it in place, the link slides off the watch band. Set it aside for now. Continue adjusting the band by repeating the steps on any other links you wish to remove.\\nTo keep the band even, plan on removing links in pairs. You may wish to close the band and test the watch against your wrist again after each removal.\\n2-5. Put the pin back in place to fasten the band together.\\nAfter removing a link, push the loose ends of the band together. Set the pin back in the pinhole, making sure you insert it from the correct end. Push the pin tip in first, then hammer the back end to push the pin into the band again.\\nPush the pin toward the arrows on the band. The wider end of the pin will end up on top so you can then follow the direction of the arrows again next time you need to adjust the band.\\nIf your watch band had ferrules in it, remember to put one at both ends of the pinhole. Tap them in place with the hammer.\\n3. Detaching Links with L-Shaped Pins\\n3-1. Find the arrows to see which links are removable.\\nYour watch band may have small arrows printed on it. Lay the watch on a microfiber towel, then turn it so the arrows point down. This will bring the pins to the top so you can access them.\\nIf your watch doesn’t have arrows, inspect the edges of each link. If you see small horizontal bars on the links, then you might have an L-shaped pin.\\n3-2. Slide the tip of a spring bar tool into the pinhole.\\nLook for a small but noticeable hole on the sides of the pins between the links. If you have a spring bar tool, use it to easily leverage the pin. A spring bar tool is a small metal bar with a sharp point for removing pins. If you can, also set the watch in a watch band holder ot cut piece of foam to prevent it from moving as you work.\\nYou can get a spring bar tool online and at some hardware stores.\\nIf you don’t have a spring bar tool, try finding anything else with a sharp metal point. You could reach the pin using a small pair of pliers, for instance.\\n3-3. Push the pin up and out of the band using the spring bar tool.\\nLeverage the tip of the spring bar into the hole. If you're using pliers, close the jaws together to lift the pin out of its slot. Eventually, you will see it come out from the top of the band. As soon as you are able to reach it, pluck it with your fingers to pull it the rest of the way out.\\nThe pointed end of spring bar tool is also useful for continuing to lift the pin if you aren’t able to hold onto it with your fingers.\\n3-4. Slide the link out and remove other pins as needed.\\nComplete the adjustment by taking care of all of the other links you planned on removing. You don’t need to close the band unless you plan on testing the fit after removing a link. Simply remove each individual pin. The links slide out of place with ease once the pins are gone.\\nTo keep the band even, consider removing a link from each end. Try to avoid taking off more links than you think you need, and close the band to test its fit if you’re not sure.\\n3-5. Hammer the pin back into place when you’re ready to close the band.\\nAfter removing all of the bands you wish to remove, pull the loose ends back together. When putting an L pin back, insert the longer, vertical end first so the small pinhole is at the top of the watch. Slide the pin in, then tap it down with your hammer until it locks into place.\\nKeep hammering the pin until it is flush with the top of the watch. The horizontal part of the pin will catch on the band and hide any gaps so your band looks like a single, continuous piece of metal.\\n4. Removing U-Clip Expansion Band Pins\\n4-1. Place the band on a towel with the inside part face up.\\nLay down a microfiber cloth on a flat surface to avoid scratching the metal as you work. The tabs holding the links in place are on the edges of the band. These tabs are on both edges, so it doesn’t really matter which side you start on.\\nYou could also stand the watch on a block of wood. As long as the surface is smooth and stable, it won’t damage the watch.\\n4-2. Pry open the tabs on the links with a utility knife.\\nWhile pinning the watch against the towel, spread the links apart with your middle and index finger. Then, begin working on the edge of the band facing you. Each link is held in place by a pair of flat tabs, so slide your knife under the tabs and pull them toward you. Keep the band pinned down with your thumb until the tabs are flat and vertical like the links they protect.\\nYou could also use a spring bar tool, which is like a combination push pin tool and blade made specifically for watches. Many hardware stores carry them, along with any other tools you need, or you can order one online.\\n4-3. Turn the band around and open the tabs on the other side.\\nThe tabs aren’t perfectly aligned with the ones on the opposite end, so examine the watch to find the closest ones. Pry them back with caution, using the edge of a knife or another tool to lift them. Pull the tabs back until they are roughly parallel with the band to avoid bending them back too far.\\nIf you need to, pull them back with a pair of pliers. Stubborn tabs are easier to bend back this way.\\n4-4. Pull out the U-shaped pins between the open tabs.\\nThe pins are small, so removing them is delicate work. Slip a small pair of needle-nose pliers or tweezers into the open space between the tabs. Each link has 2 to 3 pins that look like horizontal bars when you’re looking down through the band. Pull all of them out to loosen the link.\\nThe pins are on both sides of the band. After pulling a pin out, turn the band around and reach in from the other side. Getting all of the pins is a little easier if you approach them from both sides.\\n4-5. Remove more pins and links to shorten the band.\\nAfter removing the pins, slide the link off the band and set it aside. Then, repeat the steps for any additional link you wish to remove. You will need to remove a series of pins for each link. It is a little tedious, but it isn’t too difficult when you take your time.\\nRemove an even number of links to keep the band looking its best. To make the process easier, remove adjacent bands instead of alternating ends.\\n4-6. Reinsert the pins to close the band again.\\nPush the loose ends of the band together to close it again, then start putting the pins back between the open tabs. Start with 1 of the pins, holding the horizontal part with tweezers. Fit each pin in one of the slots between the links. Then, push them down to get them level with the clips in the other links.\\nYou will need to do the same thing on the other side of the band. Sometimes you can put them both in right away without them falling right back out. If you can’t keep them in place, close the tabs on one end before putting the second pin back.\\n4-7. Push the tabs closed with a utility knife.\\nUse the knife or the sharp end of a spring bar tool to flatten out the open tabs. Be gentle with them to avoid damaging them as you bend them back into position. Bend them so they lay flat against the rest of the band, holding the pins in place. To test it, try flipping the band over to see if the pins fall out.\\nYou don’t have to bend the tabs all the way over. As long as they look neat and hold the pins in place, you don’t need to mess with them.\\nIf you need to adjust the watch band again, consider working on a different set of tabs. The tabs weaken a little each time you bend them, so try to avoid opening the same tabs each time.\\n5. Using the Clip to Adjust Mesh Bands\\n5-1. Lay the watch band flat and locate the clasp lever.\\nSpread the watch band out on a microfiber towel with the clasp face up. Look inside the clasp to find the spot where the band passes through it. In that area, you will see a small bar running across the clasp, securing it to the band. You need that lever in order to adjust the band.\\nThe lever is often over a small hook that holds the clasp closed. It is a metal bar positioned over the mesh band that moves when you pry it up.\\n5-2. Reach the lever by sliding a small tool between the band and clasp.\\nA watch spring bar tool works well if you have one, but you could also use a small flathead screwdriver. Most levers have small notches in them like big bullseyes. Slip the tip in and pull it back to open up the clasp.\\nBasically, any small, pointed tool opens the clasp. You could even use something as small as a push pin if you’re out of options.\\n5-3. Slide the clasp along the band to adjust it.\\nOnce you release the watch clasp, adjusting the band is simple. The clasp will slide freely along the band, so position it where you need it. It helps a lot if you tested the band on your wrist ahead of time and marked the adjustment position with a water-based marker.\\nAlways measure out the band in advance to find the proper clasp position. Wipe off the marker when you’re done making the adjustment.\\n5-4. Push down on the metal lever to lock the clasp in place.\\nReach into the clasp with a pin push, which will be the opposite end of the spring bar tool if you’re using one. Set it on top of the lever, then bring it down as far as you can or until you hear it click. If it doesn’t click on its own, try pushing down on the clasp with your fingers or tap it down gently with a small hammer.\\nYou could also reach the lever with a small pair of needle-nose pliers. Set the pliers on top of the lever, then hit them gently with a hammer to push the lever down.\\nWhen the clasp locks, the band won’t move around anymore. Make sure your watch is secure before putting it on.\\nTips\\nWhen a watch fits you well, it feels comfortable to wear. Keep it loose enough that it is removable, but not so loose that it slides off your wrist.[25]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWhenever you make an adjustment, put the watch on right away to test it. Sometimes you need to go back and adjust the watch further to make it fit your wrist.\\nA watch that slides around your wrist is more likely to get scratched up. Since it doesn’t stay attached to a particular spot on your arm, it often falls down your arms and hits a bunch of hard things with a clunk you won’t enjoy hearing.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If your watch doesn’t fit you well, you don’t have to get rid of it. All bands are adjustable, and even though most of them have small pins, they aren’t difficult to deal with at home. What you need to do depends on the kind of band you have. For watches with pins, removing the pins allows you to take links out of the band. If your watch has a solid band, move the clasp to control the fit. Test the fit after each adjustment until your watch feels comfortable on your wrist.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Measuring Your Watch’s Fit\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check the band for pins if you’re unsure what kind of watch you have.\", \"描述\": \"There are a wide variety of watches in the world, and some of them are easier to adjust than others. Straight pins are very common, but some pins are L or U-shaped. You can spot these pins by looking along the sides of the bands for clues. Spread the links out as well to see if you can peek between them.\\nThe most common pins are straight ones. Look for a series of vertical pin holes on the edges of the bands.\\nL-shaped pins look like horizontal bars over the links. That is only part of the pin. The vertical part of the “L” runs down to the opposite edge of the band.\\nWith U-shaped pins, your watch band looks like a series of vertical bars. The pins are actually underneath clips on each link. You may be able to see the clips curving down from the edges of the band.\\nMesh bands don’t have links at all. Instead, a mesh band is a solid piece of flexible metal. The clasp controls the fit.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set the watch on your wrist to determine how many links to remove.\", \"描述\": \"Slip the watch on like you would normally wear it, centering the clasp on the underside of your wrist. Pinch the band to remove all of the slack. Then, count the number of links you are able to pinch together to eliminate the slack.\\nMake sure the band is relatively loose but not loose enough to slide across your wrist. At the right setting, it will stay put when you wear it. Try to measure it as accurately as possible so you don’t have to go back and make a second adjustment later.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make a mark with a water-based marker if you have a mesh band.\", \"描述\": \"Mesh bands are a little different since they don’t have individual links to remove. Instead, you adjust the band by moving the clasp. Put the watch on and make a mark where you wish to move the clasp in order to make the band fit your wrist.\\nUse a simple marker like the kind young children use. These ones are easy to wash off with a towel and maybe a little bit of water. Avoid anything permanent, since you probably won’t enjoy an unpleasant mark on an otherwise flawless watch.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fixing a Straight Pin Watch\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Identify the removable links by finding the arrows printed on them.\", \"描述\": \"The arrows make the removable links very easy to spot. Place the watch on a microfiber towel, turning it so the arrows point down. The pin holes will be on top so you can knock the pins out from the band.\\nSome of the links may not have arrows on them. These ones aren’t meant to be removed.\\nIf your watch doesn’t have any arrows on it, look carefully at the pin holes. The pins will sit a little deeper inside the band on one side. Reach for them from that side.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Align a pin push tool over the pin you wish to remove.\", \"描述\": \"You need something small in order to reach the pin. A pin push is little more than a handle with a needle on the end, but no watch pin can escape it. Set the point over the pin securing the link you wish to remove.\\nYou can find pin push tools online or at many hardware stores. Take the opportunity to also get a small hammer and any other gear you need for the adjustment.\\nSome watches have screws instead of pins. They aren’t as common, but the screw heads will be noticeable on one end of the band if your watch has them. Use a small flathead screwdriver instead to remove the bands.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use a small hammer to tap the push tool until the pin falls out.\", \"描述\": \"Tap, tap, tap to push the pin out as far as it will go. Any small hammer works well for this, including ball-peen hammers and even tack hammers. The key is to be cautious and tap gently to avoid damaging the watch. Tap the pin as far as you can get it to move.\\nTo make this part easier, get a watch working block to hold the watch in place. You could also cut a slit in a piece of foam and put the watch in it.\\nIf the pin doesn’t fall out on its own, grab it with your fingers or a pair of needle-nose pliers.\\nSome watches have metal pin tubes called ferrules that fall out as you hammer. If your watch has these, set them aside to put back when you replace the pin.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Remove the link and take out other pins as needed.\", \"描述\": \"Without the pin holding it in place, the link slides off the watch band. Set it aside for now. Continue adjusting the band by repeating the steps on any other links you wish to remove.\\nTo keep the band even, plan on removing links in pairs. You may wish to close the band and test the watch against your wrist again after each removal.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Put the pin back in place to fasten the band together.\", \"描述\": \"After removing a link, push the loose ends of the band together. Set the pin back in the pinhole, making sure you insert it from the correct end. Push the pin tip in first, then hammer the back end to push the pin into the band again.\\nPush the pin toward the arrows on the band. The wider end of the pin will end up on top so you can then follow the direction of the arrows again next time you need to adjust the band.\\nIf your watch band had ferrules in it, remember to put one at both ends of the pinhole. Tap them in place with the hammer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Detaching Links with L-Shaped Pins\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the arrows to see which links are removable.\", \"描述\": \"Your watch band may have small arrows printed on it. Lay the watch on a microfiber towel, then turn it so the arrows point down. This will bring the pins to the top so you can access them.\\nIf your watch doesn’t have arrows, inspect the edges of each link. If you see small horizontal bars on the links, then you might have an L-shaped pin.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Slide the tip of a spring bar tool into the pinhole.\", \"描述\": \"Look for a small but noticeable hole on the sides of the pins between the links. If you have a spring bar tool, use it to easily leverage the pin. A spring bar tool is a small metal bar with a sharp point for removing pins. If you can, also set the watch in a watch band holder ot cut piece of foam to prevent it from moving as you work.\\nYou can get a spring bar tool online and at some hardware stores.\\nIf you don’t have a spring bar tool, try finding anything else with a sharp metal point. You could reach the pin using a small pair of pliers, for instance.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Push the pin up and out of the band using the spring bar tool.\", \"描述\": \"Leverage the tip of the spring bar into the hole. If you're using pliers, close the jaws together to lift the pin out of its slot. Eventually, you will see it come out from the top of the band. As soon as you are able to reach it, pluck it with your fingers to pull it the rest of the way out.\\nThe pointed end of spring bar tool is also useful for continuing to lift the pin if you aren’t able to hold onto it with your fingers.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Slide the link out and remove other pins as needed.\", \"描述\": \"Complete the adjustment by taking care of all of the other links you planned on removing. You don’t need to close the band unless you plan on testing the fit after removing a link. Simply remove each individual pin. The links slide out of place with ease once the pins are gone.\\nTo keep the band even, consider removing a link from each end. Try to avoid taking off more links than you think you need, and close the band to test its fit if you’re not sure.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Hammer the pin back into place when you’re ready to close the band.\", \"描述\": \"After removing all of the bands you wish to remove, pull the loose ends back together. When putting an L pin back, insert the longer, vertical end first so the small pinhole is at the top of the watch. Slide the pin in, then tap it down with your hammer until it locks into place.\\nKeep hammering the pin until it is flush with the top of the watch. The horizontal part of the pin will catch on the band and hide any gaps so your band looks like a single, continuous piece of metal.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Removing U-Clip Expansion Band Pins\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Place the band on a towel with the inside part face up.\", \"描述\": \"Lay down a microfiber cloth on a flat surface to avoid scratching the metal as you work. The tabs holding the links in place are on the edges of the band. These tabs are on both edges, so it doesn’t really matter which side you start on.\\nYou could also stand the watch on a block of wood. As long as the surface is smooth and stable, it won’t damage the watch.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pry open the tabs on the links with a utility knife.\", \"描述\": \"While pinning the watch against the towel, spread the links apart with your middle and index finger. Then, begin working on the edge of the band facing you. Each link is held in place by a pair of flat tabs, so slide your knife under the tabs and pull them toward you. Keep the band pinned down with your thumb until the tabs are flat and vertical like the links they protect.\\nYou could also use a spring bar tool, which is like a combination push pin tool and blade made specifically for watches. Many hardware stores carry them, along with any other tools you need, or you can order one online.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the band around and open the tabs on the other side.\", \"描述\": \"The tabs aren’t perfectly aligned with the ones on the opposite end, so examine the watch to find the closest ones. Pry them back with caution, using the edge of a knife or another tool to lift them. Pull the tabs back until they are roughly parallel with the band to avoid bending them back too far.\\nIf you need to, pull them back with a pair of pliers. Stubborn tabs are easier to bend back this way.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pull out the U-shaped pins between the open tabs.\", \"描述\": \"The pins are small, so removing them is delicate work. Slip a small pair of needle-nose pliers or tweezers into the open space between the tabs. Each link has 2 to 3 pins that look like horizontal bars when you’re looking down through the band. Pull all of them out to loosen the link.\\nThe pins are on both sides of the band. After pulling a pin out, turn the band around and reach in from the other side. Getting all of the pins is a little easier if you approach them from both sides.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Remove more pins and links to shorten the band.\", \"描述\": \"After removing the pins, slide the link off the band and set it aside. Then, repeat the steps for any additional link you wish to remove. You will need to remove a series of pins for each link. It is a little tedious, but it isn’t too difficult when you take your time.\\nRemove an even number of links to keep the band looking its best. To make the process easier, remove adjacent bands instead of alternating ends.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Reinsert the pins to close the band again.\", \"描述\": \"Push the loose ends of the band together to close it again, then start putting the pins back between the open tabs. Start with 1 of the pins, holding the horizontal part with tweezers. Fit each pin in one of the slots between the links. Then, push them down to get them level with the clips in the other links.\\nYou will need to do the same thing on the other side of the band. Sometimes you can put them both in right away without them falling right back out. If you can’t keep them in place, close the tabs on one end before putting the second pin back.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Push the tabs closed with a utility knife.\", \"描述\": \"Use the knife or the sharp end of a spring bar tool to flatten out the open tabs. Be gentle with them to avoid damaging them as you bend them back into position. Bend them so they lay flat against the rest of the band, holding the pins in place. To test it, try flipping the band over to see if the pins fall out.\\nYou don’t have to bend the tabs all the way over. As long as they look neat and hold the pins in place, you don’t need to mess with them.\\nIf you need to adjust the watch band again, consider working on a different set of tabs. The tabs weaken a little each time you bend them, so try to avoid opening the same tabs each time.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Using the Clip to Adjust Mesh Bands\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lay the watch band flat and locate the clasp lever.\", \"描述\": \"Spread the watch band out on a microfiber towel with the clasp face up. Look inside the clasp to find the spot where the band passes through it. In that area, you will see a small bar running across the clasp, securing it to the band. You need that lever in order to adjust the band.\\nThe lever is often over a small hook that holds the clasp closed. It is a metal bar positioned over the mesh band that moves when you pry it up.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Reach the lever by sliding a small tool between the band and clasp.\", \"描述\": \"A watch spring bar tool works well if you have one, but you could also use a small flathead screwdriver. Most levers have small notches in them like big bullseyes. Slip the tip in and pull it back to open up the clasp.\\nBasically, any small, pointed tool opens the clasp. You could even use something as small as a push pin if you’re out of options.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Slide the clasp along the band to adjust it.\", \"描述\": \"Once you release the watch clasp, adjusting the band is simple. The clasp will slide freely along the band, so position it where you need it. It helps a lot if you tested the band on your wrist ahead of time and marked the adjustment position with a water-based marker.\\nAlways measure out the band in advance to find the proper clasp position. Wipe off the marker when you’re done making the adjustment.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Push down on the metal lever to lock the clasp in place.\", \"描述\": \"Reach into the clasp with a pin push, which will be the opposite end of the spring bar tool if you’re using one. Set it on top of the lever, then bring it down as far as you can or until you hear it click. If it doesn’t click on its own, try pushing down on the clasp with your fingers or tap it down gently with a small hammer.\\nYou could also reach the lever with a small pair of needle-nose pliers. Set the pliers on top of the lever, then hit them gently with a hammer to push the lever down.\\nWhen the clasp locks, the band won’t move around anymore. Make sure your watch is secure before putting it on.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"When a watch fits you well, it feels comfortable to wear. Keep it loose enough that it is removable, but not so loose that it slides off your wrist.[25]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Whenever you make an adjustment, put the watch on right away to test it. Sometimes you need to go back and adjust the watch further to make it fit your wrist.\\n\", \"A watch that slides around your wrist is more likely to get scratched up. Since it doesn’t stay attached to a particular spot on your arm, it often falls down your arms and hits a bunch of hard things with a clunk you won’t enjoy hearing.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,414
How to Adjust and Calibrate a Miter Saw for Accurate Cuts
1. Why is my miter saw cutting crooked? You may need to make some adjustments to realign the saw blade. If your blade is cutting crooked, there could be a few possible reasons why. The most common cause is not properly clamping down the material you’re cutting. Other possible reasons your cuts aren’t straight or accurate include a damaged blade, an unstable fence (the flat piece of material mounted on the saw table), a broken bevel gauge, or some sort of malfunction with your miter gauge. Try adjusting the fence or replacing any broken parts to see if that corrects the problem. 2. How do you adjust a miter saw blade? 2-1. Use a speed square to see if the blade needs to be adjusted. A speed square is a super handy triangular marking tool often used by carpenters. First, disconnect the power from your saw and place the speed square upright on the table so its edge is even with the opening the saw blade fits into when it’s lowered all the way down. Be careful to avoid the blade's teeth.Then, lower the blade down to the table and move the speed square against the side of the saw blade. Look for a gap at the bottom edge of the speed square. If you see one, it means the saw blade isn’t square and needs to be adjusted. If there isn’t a gap and your saw isn’t making even cuts, the problem could be the saw blade itself, an unstable fence, or another problem. 2-2. Loosen the bevel handle and adjust the blade to contact the speed square. Locate the bevel handle at the back of the saw. Loosen the handle enough to allow you to move the blade around. Hold a speed square upright on the table with its edge lined up with the opening the saw blade fits into. Move the blade until it makes complete contact with and is flush against the speed square to adjust it. Then, tighten the bevel handle to secure it and you’re all set. The blade shouldn’t be loose at all. If it is, try tightening the bevel handle some more. 3. How do you set the depth on a miter saw? Adjust the depth stop. Unplug the saw so it doesn’t have any power. Loosen the hex nut on the top of the upper saw arm with a 10 mm wrench. Then use a 5mm hex key wrench to turn the screw counterclockwise if you want to lower it and clockwise if you want to raise it. Lower the blade to the table to check the depth and make any necessary adjustments. Then, tighten the hex nut so it’s secure. If the adjustment screw keeps turning when you’re trying to tighten the hex nut, hold it still with the hex key wrench while you tighten the hex nut. Keep in mind that miter saws are factory set to a depth that provides the best cutting ability, but the blade can wear down over time and after repeated sharpening. If that happens, you may need to adjust the depth. Make sure the blade doesn’t extend more than ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) below the table insert when you adjust it. 4. How do you adjust a miter saw fence? Use a speed square and a level to make sure both fences are even. Make sure the saw is unplugged and loosen the 2 bolts on the left-hand side of the fence with a wrench. Lower the saw blade and place a speed square flat against the fence. Then, adjust the fence until it makes complete contact with the side of the saw blade, and tighten the bolts. Place a 3 ft (0.91 m) level across both fences and adjust the right fence until it’s flush with the left fence and the level is even. You adjust the right fence the same way you adjusted the left. It’s important that both fences line up with both the saw and each other so your cuts are consistent. 5. How do you calibrate a miter saw? Check the table, fence, blade, and bevel to make sure they’re square. Make sure the saw is unplugged and lay a flat level across the table to look for gaps. If there are, you may need to have the table adjusted at a machine shop. Adjust both the fence and blade using a speed square. Then, tilt the saw to its 45-degree angle and place your speed square against it at a 45-degree angle. If there are any gaps, turn the bevel adjustment bolt, usually located near the back of the saw, until there isn’t a gap. If the saw table has major gaps, you may need to replace it. 6. How do you cut a 45-degree angle on a miter saw? Rotate the saw table until it’s set to a 45-degree angle. Press the button or squeeze the handle at the end of the saw table to release it. Turn the saw table until it reaches the 45-degree stop and then release the handle to lock it into place. The saw will then be set to cut at a 45-degree angle. The saw has built-in stops and markings so you can easily identify the angle you’re setting it to. Tips Your saw’s stop adjustments are made at the factory and usually don’t need to be adjusted. So you can trust that they’re correct.[11] X Research source Warnings Always make sure the saw is unplugged before you make any adjustments. Remember to also check your saw's safety manual for more specific information regarding your model.[12] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:17", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Why is my miter saw cutting crooked?\\nYou may need to make some adjustments to realign the saw blade.\\nIf your blade is cutting crooked, there could be a few possible reasons why. The most common cause is not properly clamping down the material you’re cutting. Other possible reasons your cuts aren’t straight or accurate include a damaged blade, an unstable fence (the flat piece of material mounted on the saw table), a broken bevel gauge, or some sort of malfunction with your miter gauge. Try adjusting the fence or replacing any broken parts to see if that corrects the problem.\\n2. How do you adjust a miter saw blade?\\n2-1. Use a speed square to see if the blade needs to be adjusted.\\nA speed square is a super handy triangular marking tool often used by carpenters. First, disconnect the power from your saw and place the speed square upright on the table so its edge is even with the opening the saw blade fits into when it’s lowered all the way down. Be careful to avoid the blade's teeth.Then, lower the blade down to the table and move the speed square against the side of the saw blade. Look for a gap at the bottom edge of the speed square. If you see one, it means the saw blade isn’t square and needs to be adjusted.\\nIf there isn’t a gap and your saw isn’t making even cuts, the problem could be the saw blade itself, an unstable fence, or another problem.\\n2-2. Loosen the bevel handle and adjust the blade to contact the speed square.\\nLocate the bevel handle at the back of the saw. Loosen the handle enough to allow you to move the blade around. Hold a speed square upright on the table with its edge lined up with the opening the saw blade fits into. Move the blade until it makes complete contact with and is flush against the speed square to adjust it. Then, tighten the bevel handle to secure it and you’re all set.\\nThe blade shouldn’t be loose at all. If it is, try tightening the bevel handle some more.\\n3. How do you set the depth on a miter saw?\\nAdjust the depth stop.\\nUnplug the saw so it doesn’t have any power. Loosen the hex nut on the top of the upper saw arm with a 10 mm wrench. Then use a 5mm hex key wrench to turn the screw counterclockwise if you want to lower it and clockwise if you want to raise it. Lower the blade to the table to check the depth and make any necessary adjustments. Then, tighten the hex nut so it’s secure.\\nIf the adjustment screw keeps turning when you’re trying to tighten the hex nut, hold it still with the hex key wrench while you tighten the hex nut.\\nKeep in mind that miter saws are factory set to a depth that provides the best cutting ability, but the blade can wear down over time and after repeated sharpening. If that happens, you may need to adjust the depth.\\nMake sure the blade doesn’t extend more than ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) below the table insert when you adjust it.\\n4. How do you adjust a miter saw fence?\\nUse a speed square and a level to make sure both fences are even.\\nMake sure the saw is unplugged and loosen the 2 bolts on the left-hand side of the fence with a wrench. Lower the saw blade and place a speed square flat against the fence. Then, adjust the fence until it makes complete contact with the side of the saw blade, and tighten the bolts. Place a 3 ft (0.91 m) level across both fences and adjust the right fence until it’s flush with the left fence and the level is even.\\nYou adjust the right fence the same way you adjusted the left.\\nIt’s important that both fences line up with both the saw and each other so your cuts are consistent.\\n5. How do you calibrate a miter saw?\\nCheck the table, fence, blade, and bevel to make sure they’re square.\\nMake sure the saw is unplugged and lay a flat level across the table to look for gaps. If there are, you may need to have the table adjusted at a machine shop. Adjust both the fence and blade using a speed square. Then, tilt the saw to its 45-degree angle and place your speed square against it at a 45-degree angle. If there are any gaps, turn the bevel adjustment bolt, usually located near the back of the saw, until there isn’t a gap.\\nIf the saw table has major gaps, you may need to replace it.\\n6. How do you cut a 45-degree angle on a miter saw?\\nRotate the saw table until it’s set to a 45-degree angle.\\nPress the button or squeeze the handle at the end of the saw table to release it. Turn the saw table until it reaches the 45-degree stop and then release the handle to lock it into place. The saw will then be set to cut at a 45-degree angle.\\nThe saw has built-in stops and markings so you can easily identify the angle you’re setting it to.\\nTips\\nYour saw’s stop adjustments are made at the factory and usually don’t need to be adjusted. So you can trust that they’re correct.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nAlways make sure the saw is unplugged before you make any adjustments. Remember to also check your saw's safety manual for more specific information regarding your model.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Ah, the good ole miter saw. It’s always there when you need it, but if it’s cutting crooked, you may need to make some adjustments to keep it cutting properly and accurately. Fortunately, it’s actually a lot more simple than you may think. With the proper tools and the right approach, you’ll have your saw adjusted in no time. We’ve answered a few common questions that folks have about adjusting their saws to make the job even easier for you.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Why is my miter saw cutting crooked?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You may need to make some adjustments to realign the saw blade.\", \"描述\": \"If your blade is cutting crooked, there could be a few possible reasons why. The most common cause is not properly clamping down the material you’re cutting. Other possible reasons your cuts aren’t straight or accurate include a damaged blade, an unstable fence (the flat piece of material mounted on the saw table), a broken bevel gauge, or some sort of malfunction with your miter gauge. Try adjusting the fence or replacing any broken parts to see if that corrects the problem.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"How do you adjust a miter saw blade?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use a speed square to see if the blade needs to be adjusted.\", \"描述\": \"A speed square is a super handy triangular marking tool often used by carpenters. First, disconnect the power from your saw and place the speed square upright on the table so its edge is even with the opening the saw blade fits into when it’s lowered all the way down. Be careful to avoid the blade's teeth.Then, lower the blade down to the table and move the speed square against the side of the saw blade. Look for a gap at the bottom edge of the speed square. If you see one, it means the saw blade isn’t square and needs to be adjusted.\\nIf there isn’t a gap and your saw isn’t making even cuts, the problem could be the saw blade itself, an unstable fence, or another problem.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Loosen the bevel handle and adjust the blade to contact the speed square.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the bevel handle at the back of the saw. Loosen the handle enough to allow you to move the blade around. Hold a speed square upright on the table with its edge lined up with the opening the saw blade fits into. Move the blade until it makes complete contact with and is flush against the speed square to adjust it. Then, tighten the bevel handle to secure it and you’re all set.\\nThe blade shouldn’t be loose at all. If it is, try tightening the bevel handle some more.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"How do you set the depth on a miter saw?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjust the depth stop.\", \"描述\": \"Unplug the saw so it doesn’t have any power. Loosen the hex nut on the top of the upper saw arm with a 10 mm wrench. Then use a 5mm hex key wrench to turn the screw counterclockwise if you want to lower it and clockwise if you want to raise it. Lower the blade to the table to check the depth and make any necessary adjustments. Then, tighten the hex nut so it’s secure.\\nIf the adjustment screw keeps turning when you’re trying to tighten the hex nut, hold it still with the hex key wrench while you tighten the hex nut.\\nKeep in mind that miter saws are factory set to a depth that provides the best cutting ability, but the blade can wear down over time and after repeated sharpening. If that happens, you may need to adjust the depth.\\nMake sure the blade doesn’t extend more than ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) below the table insert when you adjust it.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"How do you adjust a miter saw fence?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use a speed square and a level to make sure both fences are even.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the saw is unplugged and loosen the 2 bolts on the left-hand side of the fence with a wrench. Lower the saw blade and place a speed square flat against the fence. Then, adjust the fence until it makes complete contact with the side of the saw blade, and tighten the bolts. Place a 3 ft (0.91 m) level across both fences and adjust the right fence until it’s flush with the left fence and the level is even.\\nYou adjust the right fence the same way you adjusted the left.\\nIt’s important that both fences line up with both the saw and each other so your cuts are consistent.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"How do you calibrate a miter saw?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check the table, fence, blade, and bevel to make sure they’re square.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the saw is unplugged and lay a flat level across the table to look for gaps. If there are, you may need to have the table adjusted at a machine shop. Adjust both the fence and blade using a speed square. Then, tilt the saw to its 45-degree angle and place your speed square against it at a 45-degree angle. If there are any gaps, turn the bevel adjustment bolt, usually located near the back of the saw, until there isn’t a gap.\\nIf the saw table has major gaps, you may need to replace it.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"How do you cut a 45-degree angle on a miter saw?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Rotate the saw table until it’s set to a 45-degree angle.\", \"描述\": \"Press the button or squeeze the handle at the end of the saw table to release it. Turn the saw table until it reaches the 45-degree stop and then release the handle to lock it into place. The saw will then be set to cut at a 45-degree angle.\\nThe saw has built-in stops and markings so you can easily identify the angle you’re setting it to.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Your saw’s stop adjustments are made at the factory and usually don’t need to be adjusted. So you can trust that they’re correct.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Always make sure the saw is unplugged before you make any adjustments. Remember to also check your saw's safety manual for more specific information regarding your model.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,415
How to Adjust a Muffin Recipe for Jumbo Size Muffins
1. Steps 1-1. Obtain a jumbo sized muffin pan. These are usually sized for 6 muffin openings in the same size pan as the usual 12. Also gather the needed utensils and bowls. See the "Things you will need" list below. 1-2. Gather the ingredients in one spot. 1-3. Preheat the oven to 25 degrees LOWER than the recipe or muffin calls for. 1-4. Mix the dry and wet ingredients in separate bowls before combining. 1-5. Combine the wet and dry ingredients with the least amount of stirring possible. You want a wet batter, but you don't want to mix it so much that you make the flour part of the muffin rubbery from gluten kneading. Light, fluffy muffins result from working quickly and mixing briefly. Recipes will often state this as "Combine until just mixed" or "Stir together until mixed. Batter will be (slightly) lumpy". 1-6. Line the jumbo muffin pans with jumbo muffin liners. 1-7. Spray some pan releases or oil onto the liners if you wish to prevent them adhering to the muffins later. 1-8. Fill the lined muffin pans 2/3 full with batter. (Or divide the batter for a 12 "regular muffin" recipe evenly into 6 jumbo pan holes). 1-9. Bake for 5 minutes longer than the original recipe calls for (usually around 25-30 minutes), or until the muffins are slightly browned and the tops bounce back when you tap them with a finger. 1-10. Remove to cool. 1-11. Enjoy! Tips An easy way to measure batter into the muffin liners is to use an "ice cream scoop" or "portion" type spoon. These scoop up a given amount and then release it with the push of a thumb lever or squeeze of your hand. Use a toothpick in the center to see if they are done; if it comes out clean, then they are done, but if it has dough on it when you pull it out, then its not quite done yet. Use your sense of sight. Muffin batter will turn slightly dull and start to tan in the heat of an oven when it has baked. Warnings Take appropriate precautions when handling hot items to prevent burns. Have a clear, open area on a nearby counter or on top of the oven. Place a clean towel, folded in half, on the counter to prevent damaging the surface, and to keep the muffin tin from sliding off easily. Move the tin to the towel before trying to close the door of the oven, this will help prevent burns, and provide a tidy place to pull the muffins after they have cooled.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:17", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Obtain a jumbo sized muffin pan.\\nThese are usually sized for 6 muffin openings in the same size pan as the usual 12. Also gather the needed utensils and bowls. See the \\\"Things you will need\\\" list below.\\n1-2. Gather the ingredients in one spot.\\n\\n1-3. Preheat the oven to 25 degrees LOWER than the recipe or muffin calls for.\\n\\n1-4. Mix the dry and wet ingredients in separate bowls before combining.\\n\\n1-5. Combine the wet and dry ingredients with the least amount of stirring possible.\\nYou want a wet batter, but you don't want to mix it so much that you make the flour part of the muffin rubbery from gluten kneading. Light, fluffy muffins result from working quickly and mixing briefly. Recipes will often state this as \\\"Combine until just mixed\\\" or \\\"Stir together until mixed. Batter will be (slightly) lumpy\\\".\\n1-6. Line the jumbo muffin pans with jumbo muffin liners.\\n\\n1-7. Spray some pan releases or oil onto the liners if you wish to prevent them adhering to the muffins later.\\n\\n1-8. Fill the lined muffin pans 2/3 full with batter.\\n(Or divide the batter for a 12 \\\"regular muffin\\\" recipe evenly into 6 jumbo pan holes).\\n1-9. Bake for 5 minutes longer than the original recipe calls for (usually around 25-30 minutes), or until the muffins are slightly browned and the tops bounce back when you tap them with a finger.\\n\\n1-10. Remove to cool.\\n\\n1-11. Enjoy!\\n\\nTips\\nAn easy way to measure batter into the muffin liners is to use an \\\"ice cream scoop\\\" or \\\"portion\\\" type spoon. These scoop up a given amount and then release it with the push of a thumb lever or squeeze of your hand.\\nUse a toothpick in the center to see if they are done; if it comes out clean, then they are done, but if it has dough on it when you pull it out, then its not quite done yet.\\nUse your sense of sight. Muffin batter will turn slightly dull and start to tan in the heat of an oven when it has baked.\\nWarnings\\nTake appropriate precautions when handling hot items to prevent burns.\\nHave a clear, open area on a nearby counter or on top of the oven. Place a clean towel, folded in half, on the counter to prevent damaging the surface, and to keep the muffin tin from sliding off easily. Move the tin to the towel before trying to close the door of the oven, this will help prevent burns, and provide a tidy place to pull the muffins after they have cooled.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Many coffee shops and bakeries serve lovely huge muffins which are 5-6 inches (12.5-15.0cm) across the top. How do they do that? By slightly adjusting a regular muffin recipe!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Obtain a jumbo sized muffin pan.\", \"描述\": \"These are usually sized for 6 muffin openings in the same size pan as the usual 12. Also gather the needed utensils and bowls. See the \\\"Things you will need\\\" list below.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Gather the ingredients in one spot.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Preheat the oven to 25 degrees LOWER than the recipe or muffin calls for.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Mix the dry and wet ingredients in separate bowls before combining.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Combine the wet and dry ingredients with the least amount of stirring possible.\", \"描述\": \"You want a wet batter, but you don't want to mix it so much that you make the flour part of the muffin rubbery from gluten kneading. Light, fluffy muffins result from working quickly and mixing briefly. Recipes will often state this as \\\"Combine until just mixed\\\" or \\\"Stir together until mixed. Batter will be (slightly) lumpy\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Line the jumbo muffin pans with jumbo muffin liners.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Spray some pan releases or oil onto the liners if you wish to prevent them adhering to the muffins later.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Fill the lined muffin pans 2/3 full with batter.\", \"描述\": \"(Or divide the batter for a 12 \\\"regular muffin\\\" recipe evenly into 6 jumbo pan holes).\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Bake for 5 minutes longer than the original recipe calls for (usually around 25-30 minutes), or until the muffins are slightly browned and the tops bounce back when you tap them with a finger.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Remove to cool.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Enjoy!\", \"描述\": \"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"An easy way to measure batter into the muffin liners is to use an \\\"ice cream scoop\\\" or \\\"portion\\\" type spoon. These scoop up a given amount and then release it with the push of a thumb lever or squeeze of your hand.\\n\", \"Use a toothpick in the center to see if they are done; if it comes out clean, then they are done, but if it has dough on it when you pull it out, then its not quite done yet.\\n\", \"Use your sense of sight. Muffin batter will turn slightly dull and start to tan in the heat of an oven when it has baked.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Take appropriate precautions when handling hot items to prevent burns.\\n\", \"Have a clear, open area on a nearby counter or on top of the oven. Place a clean towel, folded in half, on the counter to prevent damaging the surface, and to keep the muffin tin from sliding off easily. Move the tin to the towel before trying to close the door of the oven, this will help prevent burns, and provide a tidy place to pull the muffins after they have cooled.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,416
How to Adjust a POC Helmet
1. Securing the Retention System 1-1. Put the helmet on so it sits 1–2 finger-widths above your eyebrows. Set your helmet on your head and push it down as far as it can go. Hold your index and middle finger up against your forehead so they’re just above your eyebrows. Tilt the front of the helmet with your dominant hand until you feel the edge of the helmet touch your fingers. Keep your helmet in this position while you adjust the retention system. 1-2. Turn the back retention dial clockwise to tighten the helmet’s fit. Hold the helmet in place with your nondominant hand so it doesn’t move around. Reach around to the back of the helmet with your dominant hand and locate the dial along the bottom edge. If the helmet doesn’t fit snugly, use your thumb to spin the dial clockwise to move the retention system closer toward the back of your head. While you can make your adjustment with the helmet off, it will be easier to feel how tight it is if you’re wearing it. 1-3. Rotate the dial counterclockwise to make the helmet looser. If the retention system feels too tight or gets uncomfortable over time, try spinning the dial counterclockwise instead. The retention system will move further away so it doesn’t apply pressure to the back of your head. Avoid loosening the retention system so much that the helmet rocks back and forth since it will easily fall off and won’t offer much protection. 1-4. Adjust the dial until the helmet stays still when you shake your head. Continue turning the dial until you feel the retention system press against the back of your head without feeling uncomfortable. Let go of the helmet and shake your head back and forth to see if the helmet rocks from side to side. If it does, continue tightening it until it stays in place. If you’ve already turned the retention system dial as far as it can go, you may have an improperly-sized helmet and need to buy a new one that fits properly. 2. Tightening the Chin Straps 2-1. Wear your helmet so it’s low on your forehead. Put your helmet on and pull it down tightly onto your head. Place 2 fingers against your forehead so they’re just above your eyebrows. Use your other hand to tilt the helmet down until you feel the bottom edge touch your fingers. Always wear your helmet in this position to properly protect your head in case of an accident. If you wear your helmet higher on your head, you may be more vulnerable to injuries if you get into an accident. 2-2. Move the side sliders until the straps form V-shapes under your ears. Locate where the straps connect to the side of the helmet and follow them down to where they intersect, which will have a plastic slider. Hold onto the strap that’s closest to the back of the helmet with your nondominant hand. Grip the plastic slider with your other hand and pull it forward until it sits comfortably just underneath your ear. Move the slider on the other side of your helmet so it’s also under your ear. Try to position the side straps the same distance forward on each side, or else your helmet may sit crooked on your head. 2-3. Buckle your helmet under your chin. Follow the straps on each side of the helmet down to the plastic buckle. Bring the buckles underneath your chin and push the pronged end into the open end until you hear them click together. It’s okay if the strap feels loose right now as long as it clips underneath your chin. 2-4. Pull the chin strap until you can only fit 2–3 fingers between it and your chin. Locate the plastic slider with straps running through it just behind the buckle. Hold onto the plastic slider with 1 hand and pull the loose end of the strap with the other. Keep pulling the chin strap until it sits against your chin. Try sliding 3 fingers between the strap and your chin and push down on the strap. If it doesn’t move, then the strap is tight enough. Otherwise, you may need to tighten it more. If you have a lot of excess strap hanging down after tightening the helmet, use scissors to the cut the strap so it hangs down by about 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm). If you need to loosen the strap, pull the strap that’s looped through the slider and move it further away from the buckle. 3. Changing the Visor Height 3-1. Turn the dial in the middle of the visor counterclockwise to loosen it. Look for the small circular dial attached to the helmet’s shell in the middle of the visor. Grip the dial and spin it counterclockwise until the visor moves around without any resistance. You don’t have to wear your helmet when you adjust the visor. Not all POC helmets have a visor. 3-2. Raise or lower the visor to block the sun. The height you set your visor depends on personal preference and how much you want to block the sun. Simply grab the sides of the visor and tilt it up if you want the visor up and out of the way. Otherwise, you can lower it so it’s level with the front of your helmet to block the most light. When you’re happy with the position, hold the visor in place so it doesn’t move around. For example, on an overcast day, you may want to raise your visor so you can see your surroundings better. On a very sunny day, you can drop your visor back down. 3-3. Rotate the dial clockwise to secure the visor in place. Keep holding the visor in place so it doesn’t drop down before you can tighten it. Use your other hand to turn the dial clockwise until you feel resistance so the visor locks into position. After that, you can let go of your visor and start riding! Tips Start with a helmet that’s made for the size of your head so you only have to make minor adjustments. Otherwise, your helmet may not fit properly and it may not be safe.[13] X Research source Warnings Replace your helmet after 3 years of using it so you stay safe.[14] X Research source Never wear a helmet that’s damaged or has been in an accident since it won’t be as safe as a new helmet.[15] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:17", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Securing the Retention System\\n1-1. Put the helmet on so it sits 1–2 finger-widths above your eyebrows.\\nSet your helmet on your head and push it down as far as it can go. Hold your index and middle finger up against your forehead so they’re just above your eyebrows. Tilt the front of the helmet with your dominant hand until you feel the edge of the helmet touch your fingers. Keep your helmet in this position while you adjust the retention system.\\n1-2. Turn the back retention dial clockwise to tighten the helmet’s fit.\\nHold the helmet in place with your nondominant hand so it doesn’t move around. Reach around to the back of the helmet with your dominant hand and locate the dial along the bottom edge. If the helmet doesn’t fit snugly, use your thumb to spin the dial clockwise to move the retention system closer toward the back of your head.\\nWhile you can make your adjustment with the helmet off, it will be easier to feel how tight it is if you’re wearing it.\\n1-3. Rotate the dial counterclockwise to make the helmet looser.\\nIf the retention system feels too tight or gets uncomfortable over time, try spinning the dial counterclockwise instead. The retention system will move further away so it doesn’t apply pressure to the back of your head.\\nAvoid loosening the retention system so much that the helmet rocks back and forth since it will easily fall off and won’t offer much protection.\\n1-4. Adjust the dial until the helmet stays still when you shake your head.\\nContinue turning the dial until you feel the retention system press against the back of your head without feeling uncomfortable. Let go of the helmet and shake your head back and forth to see if the helmet rocks from side to side. If it does, continue tightening it until it stays in place.\\nIf you’ve already turned the retention system dial as far as it can go, you may have an improperly-sized helmet and need to buy a new one that fits properly.\\n2. Tightening the Chin Straps\\n2-1. Wear your helmet so it’s low on your forehead.\\nPut your helmet on and pull it down tightly onto your head. Place 2 fingers against your forehead so they’re just above your eyebrows. Use your other hand to tilt the helmet down until you feel the bottom edge touch your fingers. Always wear your helmet in this position to properly protect your head in case of an accident.\\nIf you wear your helmet higher on your head, you may be more vulnerable to injuries if you get into an accident.\\n2-2. Move the side sliders until the straps form V-shapes under your ears.\\nLocate where the straps connect to the side of the helmet and follow them down to where they intersect, which will have a plastic slider. Hold onto the strap that’s closest to the back of the helmet with your nondominant hand. Grip the plastic slider with your other hand and pull it forward until it sits comfortably just underneath your ear. Move the slider on the other side of your helmet so it’s also under your ear.\\nTry to position the side straps the same distance forward on each side, or else your helmet may sit crooked on your head.\\n2-3. Buckle your helmet under your chin.\\nFollow the straps on each side of the helmet down to the plastic buckle. Bring the buckles underneath your chin and push the pronged end into the open end until you hear them click together. It’s okay if the strap feels loose right now as long as it clips underneath your chin.\\n2-4. Pull the chin strap until you can only fit 2–3 fingers between it and your chin.\\nLocate the plastic slider with straps running through it just behind the buckle. Hold onto the plastic slider with 1 hand and pull the loose end of the strap with the other. Keep pulling the chin strap until it sits against your chin. Try sliding 3 fingers between the strap and your chin and push down on the strap. If it doesn’t move, then the strap is tight enough. Otherwise, you may need to tighten it more.\\nIf you have a lot of excess strap hanging down after tightening the helmet, use scissors to the cut the strap so it hangs down by about 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm).\\nIf you need to loosen the strap, pull the strap that’s looped through the slider and move it further away from the buckle.\\n3. Changing the Visor Height\\n3-1. Turn the dial in the middle of the visor counterclockwise to loosen it.\\nLook for the small circular dial attached to the helmet’s shell in the middle of the visor. Grip the dial and spin it counterclockwise until the visor moves around without any resistance.\\nYou don’t have to wear your helmet when you adjust the visor.\\nNot all POC helmets have a visor.\\n3-2. Raise or lower the visor to block the sun.\\nThe height you set your visor depends on personal preference and how much you want to block the sun. Simply grab the sides of the visor and tilt it up if you want the visor up and out of the way. Otherwise, you can lower it so it’s level with the front of your helmet to block the most light. When you’re happy with the position, hold the visor in place so it doesn’t move around.\\nFor example, on an overcast day, you may want to raise your visor so you can see your surroundings better. On a very sunny day, you can drop your visor back down.\\n3-3. Rotate the dial clockwise to secure the visor in place.\\nKeep holding the visor in place so it doesn’t drop down before you can tighten it. Use your other hand to turn the dial clockwise until you feel resistance so the visor locks into position. After that, you can let go of your visor and start riding!\\nTips\\nStart with a helmet that’s made for the size of your head so you only have to make minor adjustments. Otherwise, your helmet may not fit properly and it may not be safe.[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nReplace your helmet after 3 years of using it so you stay safe.[14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nNever wear a helmet that’s damaged or has been in an accident since it won’t be as safe as a new helmet.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"POC is a Swedish brand that makes top-of-the-line bicycle helmets that offer more rigid protection than others. Even though you have to select a helmet that fits your head, there still may be minor adjustments you need to make so you stay safe. Luckily, POC helmets use the same style retention systems, which are the interior straps that hold the helmet tightly against your head, and straps as many other helmets so it will be easy for you to make your changes. Some models may also let you move the visor so you can position it depending on the sun. After you make your adjustments, you’ll be able to ride your bike safely!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Securing the Retention System\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Put the helmet on so it sits 1–2 finger-widths above your eyebrows.\", \"描述\": \"Set your helmet on your head and push it down as far as it can go. Hold your index and middle finger up against your forehead so they’re just above your eyebrows. Tilt the front of the helmet with your dominant hand until you feel the edge of the helmet touch your fingers. Keep your helmet in this position while you adjust the retention system.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the back retention dial clockwise to tighten the helmet’s fit.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the helmet in place with your nondominant hand so it doesn’t move around. Reach around to the back of the helmet with your dominant hand and locate the dial along the bottom edge. If the helmet doesn’t fit snugly, use your thumb to spin the dial clockwise to move the retention system closer toward the back of your head.\\nWhile you can make your adjustment with the helmet off, it will be easier to feel how tight it is if you’re wearing it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rotate the dial counterclockwise to make the helmet looser.\", \"描述\": \"If the retention system feels too tight or gets uncomfortable over time, try spinning the dial counterclockwise instead. The retention system will move further away so it doesn’t apply pressure to the back of your head.\\nAvoid loosening the retention system so much that the helmet rocks back and forth since it will easily fall off and won’t offer much protection.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adjust the dial until the helmet stays still when you shake your head.\", \"描述\": \"Continue turning the dial until you feel the retention system press against the back of your head without feeling uncomfortable. Let go of the helmet and shake your head back and forth to see if the helmet rocks from side to side. If it does, continue tightening it until it stays in place.\\nIf you’ve already turned the retention system dial as far as it can go, you may have an improperly-sized helmet and need to buy a new one that fits properly.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tightening the Chin Straps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wear your helmet so it’s low on your forehead.\", \"描述\": \"Put your helmet on and pull it down tightly onto your head. Place 2 fingers against your forehead so they’re just above your eyebrows. Use your other hand to tilt the helmet down until you feel the bottom edge touch your fingers. Always wear your helmet in this position to properly protect your head in case of an accident.\\nIf you wear your helmet higher on your head, you may be more vulnerable to injuries if you get into an accident.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Move the side sliders until the straps form V-shapes under your ears.\", \"描述\": \"Locate where the straps connect to the side of the helmet and follow them down to where they intersect, which will have a plastic slider. Hold onto the strap that’s closest to the back of the helmet with your nondominant hand. Grip the plastic slider with your other hand and pull it forward until it sits comfortably just underneath your ear. Move the slider on the other side of your helmet so it’s also under your ear.\\nTry to position the side straps the same distance forward on each side, or else your helmet may sit crooked on your head.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Buckle your helmet under your chin.\", \"描述\": \"Follow the straps on each side of the helmet down to the plastic buckle. Bring the buckles underneath your chin and push the pronged end into the open end until you hear them click together. It’s okay if the strap feels loose right now as long as it clips underneath your chin.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pull the chin strap until you can only fit 2–3 fingers between it and your chin.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the plastic slider with straps running through it just behind the buckle. Hold onto the plastic slider with 1 hand and pull the loose end of the strap with the other. Keep pulling the chin strap until it sits against your chin. Try sliding 3 fingers between the strap and your chin and push down on the strap. If it doesn’t move, then the strap is tight enough. Otherwise, you may need to tighten it more.\\nIf you have a lot of excess strap hanging down after tightening the helmet, use scissors to the cut the strap so it hangs down by about 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm).\\nIf you need to loosen the strap, pull the strap that’s looped through the slider and move it further away from the buckle.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Changing the Visor Height\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the dial in the middle of the visor counterclockwise to loosen it.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the small circular dial attached to the helmet’s shell in the middle of the visor. Grip the dial and spin it counterclockwise until the visor moves around without any resistance.\\nYou don’t have to wear your helmet when you adjust the visor.\\nNot all POC helmets have a visor.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Raise or lower the visor to block the sun.\", \"描述\": \"The height you set your visor depends on personal preference and how much you want to block the sun. Simply grab the sides of the visor and tilt it up if you want the visor up and out of the way. Otherwise, you can lower it so it’s level with the front of your helmet to block the most light. When you’re happy with the position, hold the visor in place so it doesn’t move around.\\nFor example, on an overcast day, you may want to raise your visor so you can see your surroundings better. On a very sunny day, you can drop your visor back down.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rotate the dial clockwise to secure the visor in place.\", \"描述\": \"Keep holding the visor in place so it doesn’t drop down before you can tighten it. Use your other hand to turn the dial clockwise until you feel resistance so the visor locks into position. After that, you can let go of your visor and start riding!\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Start with a helmet that’s made for the size of your head so you only have to make minor adjustments. Otherwise, your helmet may not fit properly and it may not be safe.[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Replace your helmet after 3 years of using it so you stay safe.[14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Never wear a helmet that’s damaged or has been in an accident since it won’t be as safe as a new helmet.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,417
How to Adjust a Pearl Hi Hat Stand
1. Setting the Cymbal Height 1-1. Support the bottom cymbal with your nondominant hand. Leave your cymbals on the stand while you’re working. Grab the center tube of the stand just underneath the bottom cymbal on your stand. Keep your hand pressed against the cymbal so it doesn’t drop or get damaged when you change the stand’s height. You can only adjust the height of the stand’s upper tube, which is the section that holds the cymbals. The bottom half of the stand has a set height. 1-2. Turn the adjustment knob counterclockwise to loosen it. Look for a silver wingnut or knob in the middle of the stand’s main tube. Turn the knob counterclockwise until it’s loose, but leave it attached to the stand so it’s easier to tighten again. You can now raise or lower upper tube of the stand. If the stand doesn’t have a wingnut, it will usually have screws with square heads. Loosen the screws with a drum key, which is a wingnut-shaped tool used on drum hardware and comes with most kits. Otherwise, you can buy them from your local music supply store. 1-3. Set the cymbals so they’re at a comfortable height. Use your nondominant hand to raise or lower the cymbals on the stand. You don’t have to use an exact measurement, but choose a height that feels comfortable for you when you play. Make sure there’s enough room between your snare drum and hi-hats so you don’t hit your sticks together while you’re playing. Avoid making your cymbal stand too tall, or else you’ll strain when you want to play them. Your stand may have a stop-lock, which is a metal band around the upper tube that prevents the cymbals from falling all the way down. If the stop-lock prevents you from lowering the cymbals, loosen it with your drum key first. Pay attention to any other cymbals or drums you have around your hi-hat to make sure they don’t hit or bump into your hi-hats if you play them. You may need to move them in order to play your kit. 1-4. Tighten the adjustment knob to lock the cymbal in place. Hold the cymbals at the height you want them with your nondominant hand and screw the knob clockwise to secure it in place. Stop screwing in the knob when you feel tension so you don’t stress or damage the stand while you’re playing. If you loosened a stop-lock on your stand, keep it pressed against the top of the adjustment knob and tighten it with your drum key. If the height still doesn’t feel comfortable, loosen the knob again and fine-tune your adjustment. 2. Changing the Cymbal Gap 2-1. Unscrew the adjustment knob above the upper hi-hat cymbal. Look for the upper cymbal’s clutch, which is the metal and felt piece with a knob at the top of your hi-hat stand that holds it in place. Hold the cymbal or clutch with your nondominant hand as you turn the knob counterclockwise. The upper hi-hat will loosen so you can raise or lower it. Be careful not to let the cymbal drop down, or else it could get damaged. 2-2. Lift the top cymbal 1–2 in (2.5–5.1 cm) to use it as a crash cymbal. Hold the top cymbal by the clutch and raise it higher on the tube. Leave about 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) between the rims of the top and bottom cymbal so they don’t touch one another. That way, you can hit the top cymbal to make a loud crash or press down on the pedal to bring the cymbals together to make a splashing noise. Keeping your hi-hat cymbals separated works well if you don’t have a lot of other cymbals or if you want to play genres like jazz, swing, or rock. 2-3. Raise the top cymbal ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) for a more controlled sound. Lift the clutch so the top cymbal separates from the bottom one. Only leave about ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) of space between the cymbals so they’re still close together. This will help them produce a “chick” noise that’s more muted. Keeping your cymbals close together works well if you don’t keep your foot on the stand’s pedal while you’re playing, like if you use a double bass pedal. 2-4. Screw the adjustment knob tight to secure the top cymbal clutch. Hold the top cymbal at the height you want with your nondominant hand. Tighten the adjustment knob on the cymbal’s clutch by turning it clockwise. Once you feel tension from turning the knob, stop tightening it so you don’t damage the cymbals. Make sure the knob is completely tight, or your top cymbal may drop down if it comes loose while you’re playing. 2-5. Tighten the top cymbal felt if you want your cymbals to make a “chick” sound. Look for a small dial or knob just above the circular felt piece on top of the cymbal. Turn the knob clockwise so the felt presses firmly against the cymbal so it doesn’t move around. That way, the cymbals won’t splash when you hit them and will make a shorter, staccato “chick” noise. Avoid overtightening the cymbals or hitting them with a lot of force since you can cause them to crack or develop stress fractures. Stop as soon as you feel tension. 2-6. Loosen the felt if you want the cymbals to slosh together more. If you prefer a more open, loose sound when you hit your hi-hats, turn the knob above the felt counterclockwise instead. This allows the top and bottom cymbal to repeatedly hit each other so they make a shimmering, splashing sound when you hit them. It may be difficult for you to control the sound quality of cymbals that are too loose. 3. Tilting the Cymbals 3-1. Locate the cup adjustment knob underneath the lower cymbal. Look for the circular plastic piece supporting the bottom hi-hat cymbal, which is known as the cup. Check the side of the cup for a metal screw or knob used to change the cymbal’s angle. If you can’t find the knob, then you may not be able to adjust your cymbal’s angle. Sometimes, the screw or knob may be missing from the cup, so check the stand’s manual to see if yours has one. You can usually buy replacement knobs online or from your local music supply store. 3-2. Tighten the knob to angle the bottom cymbal so it has a fuller splash sound. Turn the knob clockwise by hand so the bottom hi-hat cymbal tilts at an angle. Keep tilting the bottom cymbal so the back half of its rim is either touching the top cymbal or is ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) away. That way, the cymbals will make a louder and more distinct splashing sound when you hit them together. It’s normal for the top cymbal to stay parallel with the floor when you make your adjustment. 3-3. Loosen the knob for a straighter cymbal and muted sound. Loosen the knob by turning it counterclockwise, but don’t unscrew it so much that it comes off of the stand. Adjust the bottom cymbal until it’s rim is nearly parallel with the floor. Test pressing down on the foot pedal to hear the more muffled sound it produces. Avoid keeping the cymbals perfectly parallel with one another, or else they could get stuck together when you use your foot pedal. 4. Modifying the Spring Tension 4-1. Locate the spring tension dial near the stand’s legs. The spring tension affects how hard you need to press down on the pedal to bring the 2 cymbals together. Look for a circular plastic dial that wraps around the bottom of your stand underneath the legs. Typically, it will have notches or grips so it’s easier for you to turn by hand. Your cymbal stand may not have a spring tension dial, so you will not be able to change it. 4-2. Turn the dial clockwise if you want the spring to feel looser. Grab the dial and slowly turn it clockwise until you hear it click into the next setting. Try using your foot pedal to see how far you need to press it down for the cymbals to touch. Loosen the spring tension if you want to press the pedal down further. Compare the angles of the hi-hat and bass drum pedals when you press them down. You’ll usually want them to have the same angle so it’s easier for you to play. 4-3. Rotate the dial counterclockwise to make it easier to close the cymbals. Grab the dial and carefully adjust it counterclockwise. As you tighten the tension, you won’t have to press the pedal as far down to splash the cymbals together. That way, you can quickly keep time or switch between open and closed playing styles. 5. Making Leg and Pedal Adjustments 5-1. Swivel the stand’s legs so they’re out of the way while you’re playing. Look for the wingnut where the legs connect to the stand’s main tube. Turn the wingnut counterclockwise to loosen it. Position the legs so you have room to move your foot around without bumping them. When you’re happy with the position, tighten the wingnut to lock it in place. Test playing your hi-hats after changing the legs’ positions since the stand could become stable. 5-2. Turn the pedal’s adjustment ring to change its angle. Look for a square-shaped bolt on the back of the pedal where it connects to the bottom of the stand or chain. Loosen the bolt with a drum key so you can change the pedal’s angle. Look for the silver adjustment ring above the bolt and turn it clockwise to raise the front of the pedal. If you want the pedal lower, turn the ring counterclockwise. Tighten the bolt when you’re happy with the angle. Check that the horizontal pivot bolts above and below the adjustment ring are parallel before playing your cymbals. Try to keep the hi-hat pedal the same angle as your bass drum pedal so it’s more comfortable for you to play. 5-3. Rearrange the pedal’s traction dots if your foot slips around. Look for the screws on the pedal’s faceplate and loosen them with an Allen wrench. Take the faceplate off and remove or rearrange the dots however you want. If your foot slips around a lot, put the traction dots in every hole. Otherwise, you can remove them if you want to make it easier to switch between pedals. Whenever you’re finished, screw the faceplate back on. Pedal traction is all personal preference, so arrange the dots to whatever feels best for your playing style. Not every pedal will have adjustable traction dots. Tips You may need to adjust your cymbal stand frequently if you frequently switch between playing different genres of music. Save the instruction manual for your drum kit and cymbal stands so you have them as reference if you need them later on. You can use these adjustments on most brands of hi-hat stands, but always consult your stand’s manual to see if there are different instructions. Warnings Stop tightening hardware if you feel tension on it so you don’t damage the cymbals or the stands.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:17", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Setting the Cymbal Height\\n1-1. Support the bottom cymbal with your nondominant hand.\\nLeave your cymbals on the stand while you’re working. Grab the center tube of the stand just underneath the bottom cymbal on your stand. Keep your hand pressed against the cymbal so it doesn’t drop or get damaged when you change the stand’s height.\\nYou can only adjust the height of the stand’s upper tube, which is the section that holds the cymbals. The bottom half of the stand has a set height.\\n1-2. Turn the adjustment knob counterclockwise to loosen it.\\nLook for a silver wingnut or knob in the middle of the stand’s main tube. Turn the knob counterclockwise until it’s loose, but leave it attached to the stand so it’s easier to tighten again. You can now raise or lower upper tube of the stand. \\nIf the stand doesn’t have a wingnut, it will usually have screws with square heads. Loosen the screws with a drum key, which is a wingnut-shaped tool used on drum hardware and comes with most kits. Otherwise, you can buy them from your local music supply store.\\n1-3. Set the cymbals so they’re at a comfortable height.\\nUse your nondominant hand to raise or lower the cymbals on the stand. You don’t have to use an exact measurement, but choose a height that feels comfortable for you when you play. Make sure there’s enough room between your snare drum and hi-hats so you don’t hit your sticks together while you’re playing. Avoid making your cymbal stand too tall, or else you’ll strain when you want to play them.\\nYour stand may have a stop-lock, which is a metal band around the upper tube that prevents the cymbals from falling all the way down. If the stop-lock prevents you from lowering the cymbals, loosen it with your drum key first.\\nPay attention to any other cymbals or drums you have around your hi-hat to make sure they don’t hit or bump into your hi-hats if you play them. You may need to move them in order to play your kit.\\n1-4. Tighten the adjustment knob to lock the cymbal in place.\\nHold the cymbals at the height you want them with your nondominant hand and screw the knob clockwise to secure it in place. Stop screwing in the knob when you feel tension so you don’t stress or damage the stand while you’re playing.\\nIf you loosened a stop-lock on your stand, keep it pressed against the top of the adjustment knob and tighten it with your drum key.\\nIf the height still doesn’t feel comfortable, loosen the knob again and fine-tune your adjustment.\\n2. Changing the Cymbal Gap\\n2-1. Unscrew the adjustment knob above the upper hi-hat cymbal.\\nLook for the upper cymbal’s clutch, which is the metal and felt piece with a knob at the top of your hi-hat stand that holds it in place. Hold the cymbal or clutch with your nondominant hand as you turn the knob counterclockwise. The upper hi-hat will loosen so you can raise or lower it.\\nBe careful not to let the cymbal drop down, or else it could get damaged.\\n2-2. Lift the top cymbal 1–2 in (2.5–5.1 cm) to use it as a crash cymbal.\\nHold the top cymbal by the clutch and raise it higher on the tube. Leave about 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) between the rims of the top and bottom cymbal so they don’t touch one another. That way, you can hit the top cymbal to make a loud crash or press down on the pedal to bring the cymbals together to make a splashing noise.\\nKeeping your hi-hat cymbals separated works well if you don’t have a lot of other cymbals or if you want to play genres like jazz, swing, or rock.\\n2-3. Raise the top cymbal ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) for a more controlled sound.\\nLift the clutch so the top cymbal separates from the bottom one. Only leave about ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) of space between the cymbals so they’re still close together. This will help them produce a “chick” noise that’s more muted.\\nKeeping your cymbals close together works well if you don’t keep your foot on the stand’s pedal while you’re playing, like if you use a double bass pedal.\\n2-4. Screw the adjustment knob tight to secure the top cymbal clutch.\\nHold the top cymbal at the height you want with your nondominant hand. Tighten the adjustment knob on the cymbal’s clutch by turning it clockwise. Once you feel tension from turning the knob, stop tightening it so you don’t damage the cymbals. \\nMake sure the knob is completely tight, or your top cymbal may drop down if it comes loose while you’re playing.\\n2-5. Tighten the top cymbal felt if you want your cymbals to make a “chick” sound.\\nLook for a small dial or knob just above the circular felt piece on top of the cymbal. Turn the knob clockwise so the felt presses firmly against the cymbal so it doesn’t move around. That way, the cymbals won’t splash when you hit them and will make a shorter, staccato “chick” noise.\\nAvoid overtightening the cymbals or hitting them with a lot of force since you can cause them to crack or develop stress fractures. Stop as soon as you feel tension.\\n2-6. Loosen the felt if you want the cymbals to slosh together more.\\nIf you prefer a more open, loose sound when you hit your hi-hats, turn the knob above the felt counterclockwise instead. This allows the top and bottom cymbal to repeatedly hit each other so they make a shimmering, splashing sound when you hit them.\\nIt may be difficult for you to control the sound quality of cymbals that are too loose.\\n3. Tilting the Cymbals\\n3-1. Locate the cup adjustment knob underneath the lower cymbal.\\nLook for the circular plastic piece supporting the bottom hi-hat cymbal, which is known as the cup. Check the side of the cup for a metal screw or knob used to change the cymbal’s angle. If you can’t find the knob, then you may not be able to adjust your cymbal’s angle. \\nSometimes, the screw or knob may be missing from the cup, so check the stand’s manual to see if yours has one. You can usually buy replacement knobs online or from your local music supply store.\\n3-2. Tighten the knob to angle the bottom cymbal so it has a fuller splash sound.\\nTurn the knob clockwise by hand so the bottom hi-hat cymbal tilts at an angle. Keep tilting the bottom cymbal so the back half of its rim is either touching the top cymbal or is ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) away. That way, the cymbals will make a louder and more distinct splashing sound when you hit them together.\\nIt’s normal for the top cymbal to stay parallel with the floor when you make your adjustment.\\n3-3. Loosen the knob for a straighter cymbal and muted sound.\\nLoosen the knob by turning it counterclockwise, but don’t unscrew it so much that it comes off of the stand. Adjust the bottom cymbal until it’s rim is nearly parallel with the floor. Test pressing down on the foot pedal to hear the more muffled sound it produces.\\nAvoid keeping the cymbals perfectly parallel with one another, or else they could get stuck together when you use your foot pedal.\\n4. Modifying the Spring Tension\\n4-1. Locate the spring tension dial near the stand’s legs.\\nThe spring tension affects how hard you need to press down on the pedal to bring the 2 cymbals together. Look for a circular plastic dial that wraps around the bottom of your stand underneath the legs. Typically, it will have notches or grips so it’s easier for you to turn by hand. \\nYour cymbal stand may not have a spring tension dial, so you will not be able to change it.\\n4-2. Turn the dial clockwise if you want the spring to feel looser.\\nGrab the dial and slowly turn it clockwise until you hear it click into the next setting. Try using your foot pedal to see how far you need to press it down for the cymbals to touch. Loosen the spring tension if you want to press the pedal down further. \\nCompare the angles of the hi-hat and bass drum pedals when you press them down. You’ll usually want them to have the same angle so it’s easier for you to play.\\n4-3. Rotate the dial counterclockwise to make it easier to close the cymbals.\\nGrab the dial and carefully adjust it counterclockwise. As you tighten the tension, you won’t have to press the pedal as far down to splash the cymbals together. That way, you can quickly keep time or switch between open and closed playing styles.\\n5. Making Leg and Pedal Adjustments\\n5-1. Swivel the stand’s legs so they’re out of the way while you’re playing.\\nLook for the wingnut where the legs connect to the stand’s main tube. Turn the wingnut counterclockwise to loosen it. Position the legs so you have room to move your foot around without bumping them. When you’re happy with the position, tighten the wingnut to lock it in place.\\nTest playing your hi-hats after changing the legs’ positions since the stand could become stable.\\n5-2. Turn the pedal’s adjustment ring to change its angle.\\nLook for a square-shaped bolt on the back of the pedal where it connects to the bottom of the stand or chain. Loosen the bolt with a drum key so you can change the pedal’s angle. Look for the silver adjustment ring above the bolt and turn it clockwise to raise the front of the pedal. If you want the pedal lower, turn the ring counterclockwise. Tighten the bolt when you’re happy with the angle. \\nCheck that the horizontal pivot bolts above and below the adjustment ring are parallel before playing your cymbals.\\nTry to keep the hi-hat pedal the same angle as your bass drum pedal so it’s more comfortable for you to play.\\n5-3. Rearrange the pedal’s traction dots if your foot slips around.\\nLook for the screws on the pedal’s faceplate and loosen them with an Allen wrench. Take the faceplate off and remove or rearrange the dots however you want. If your foot slips around a lot, put the traction dots in every hole. Otherwise, you can remove them if you want to make it easier to switch between pedals. Whenever you’re finished, screw the faceplate back on. \\nPedal traction is all personal preference, so arrange the dots to whatever feels best for your playing style.\\nNot every pedal will have adjustable traction dots.\\nTips\\nYou may need to adjust your cymbal stand frequently if you frequently switch between playing different genres of music.\\nSave the instruction manual for your drum kit and cymbal stands so you have them as reference if you need them later on.\\nYou can use these adjustments on most brands of hi-hat stands, but always consult your stand’s manual to see if there are different instructions.\\nWarnings\\nStop tightening hardware if you feel tension on it so you don’t damage the cymbals or the stands.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Hi-hats are two cymbals attached to a stand and foot pedal that you can use to add a variety of sounds when you’re playing drums. While they can be tricky to master and play well, there are many ways you can adjust your stand to get the best sound. Choosing the right height for your cymbals lets you play comfortably so you don’t accidentally hit something else. You can also adjust the gap between the cymbals and how they’re angled to change how they sound when you hit them. If the pedal feels too loose or tight, you can also change the tension so it’s easier for you to play.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Setting the Cymbal Height\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Support the bottom cymbal with your nondominant hand.\", \"描述\": \"Leave your cymbals on the stand while you’re working. Grab the center tube of the stand just underneath the bottom cymbal on your stand. Keep your hand pressed against the cymbal so it doesn’t drop or get damaged when you change the stand’s height.\\nYou can only adjust the height of the stand’s upper tube, which is the section that holds the cymbals. The bottom half of the stand has a set height.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the adjustment knob counterclockwise to loosen it.\", \"描述\": \"Look for a silver wingnut or knob in the middle of the stand’s main tube. Turn the knob counterclockwise until it’s loose, but leave it attached to the stand so it’s easier to tighten again. You can now raise or lower upper tube of the stand. \\nIf the stand doesn’t have a wingnut, it will usually have screws with square heads. Loosen the screws with a drum key, which is a wingnut-shaped tool used on drum hardware and comes with most kits. Otherwise, you can buy them from your local music supply store.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set the cymbals so they’re at a comfortable height.\", \"描述\": \"Use your nondominant hand to raise or lower the cymbals on the stand. You don’t have to use an exact measurement, but choose a height that feels comfortable for you when you play. Make sure there’s enough room between your snare drum and hi-hats so you don’t hit your sticks together while you’re playing. Avoid making your cymbal stand too tall, or else you’ll strain when you want to play them.\\nYour stand may have a stop-lock, which is a metal band around the upper tube that prevents the cymbals from falling all the way down. If the stop-lock prevents you from lowering the cymbals, loosen it with your drum key first.\\nPay attention to any other cymbals or drums you have around your hi-hat to make sure they don’t hit or bump into your hi-hats if you play them. You may need to move them in order to play your kit.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tighten the adjustment knob to lock the cymbal in place.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the cymbals at the height you want them with your nondominant hand and screw the knob clockwise to secure it in place. Stop screwing in the knob when you feel tension so you don’t stress or damage the stand while you’re playing.\\nIf you loosened a stop-lock on your stand, keep it pressed against the top of the adjustment knob and tighten it with your drum key.\\nIf the height still doesn’t feel comfortable, loosen the knob again and fine-tune your adjustment.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Changing the Cymbal Gap\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unscrew the adjustment knob above the upper hi-hat cymbal.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the upper cymbal’s clutch, which is the metal and felt piece with a knob at the top of your hi-hat stand that holds it in place. Hold the cymbal or clutch with your nondominant hand as you turn the knob counterclockwise. The upper hi-hat will loosen so you can raise or lower it.\\nBe careful not to let the cymbal drop down, or else it could get damaged.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lift the top cymbal 1–2 in (2.5–5.1 cm) to use it as a crash cymbal.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the top cymbal by the clutch and raise it higher on the tube. Leave about 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) between the rims of the top and bottom cymbal so they don’t touch one another. That way, you can hit the top cymbal to make a loud crash or press down on the pedal to bring the cymbals together to make a splashing noise.\\nKeeping your hi-hat cymbals separated works well if you don’t have a lot of other cymbals or if you want to play genres like jazz, swing, or rock.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Raise the top cymbal ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) for a more controlled sound.\", \"描述\": \"Lift the clutch so the top cymbal separates from the bottom one. Only leave about ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) of space between the cymbals so they’re still close together. This will help them produce a “chick” noise that’s more muted.\\nKeeping your cymbals close together works well if you don’t keep your foot on the stand’s pedal while you’re playing, like if you use a double bass pedal.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Screw the adjustment knob tight to secure the top cymbal clutch.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the top cymbal at the height you want with your nondominant hand. Tighten the adjustment knob on the cymbal’s clutch by turning it clockwise. Once you feel tension from turning the knob, stop tightening it so you don’t damage the cymbals. \\nMake sure the knob is completely tight, or your top cymbal may drop down if it comes loose while you’re playing.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tighten the top cymbal felt if you want your cymbals to make a “chick” sound.\", \"描述\": \"Look for a small dial or knob just above the circular felt piece on top of the cymbal. Turn the knob clockwise so the felt presses firmly against the cymbal so it doesn’t move around. That way, the cymbals won’t splash when you hit them and will make a shorter, staccato “chick” noise.\\nAvoid overtightening the cymbals or hitting them with a lot of force since you can cause them to crack or develop stress fractures. Stop as soon as you feel tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Loosen the felt if you want the cymbals to slosh together more.\", \"描述\": \"If you prefer a more open, loose sound when you hit your hi-hats, turn the knob above the felt counterclockwise instead. This allows the top and bottom cymbal to repeatedly hit each other so they make a shimmering, splashing sound when you hit them.\\nIt may be difficult for you to control the sound quality of cymbals that are too loose.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tilting the Cymbals\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate the cup adjustment knob underneath the lower cymbal.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the circular plastic piece supporting the bottom hi-hat cymbal, which is known as the cup. Check the side of the cup for a metal screw or knob used to change the cymbal’s angle. If you can’t find the knob, then you may not be able to adjust your cymbal’s angle. \\nSometimes, the screw or knob may be missing from the cup, so check the stand’s manual to see if yours has one. You can usually buy replacement knobs online or from your local music supply store.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tighten the knob to angle the bottom cymbal so it has a fuller splash sound.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the knob clockwise by hand so the bottom hi-hat cymbal tilts at an angle. Keep tilting the bottom cymbal so the back half of its rim is either touching the top cymbal or is ⁄4 inch (0.64 cm) away. That way, the cymbals will make a louder and more distinct splashing sound when you hit them together.\\nIt’s normal for the top cymbal to stay parallel with the floor when you make your adjustment.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Loosen the knob for a straighter cymbal and muted sound.\", \"描述\": \"Loosen the knob by turning it counterclockwise, but don’t unscrew it so much that it comes off of the stand. Adjust the bottom cymbal until it’s rim is nearly parallel with the floor. Test pressing down on the foot pedal to hear the more muffled sound it produces.\\nAvoid keeping the cymbals perfectly parallel with one another, or else they could get stuck together when you use your foot pedal.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Modifying the Spring Tension\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate the spring tension dial near the stand’s legs.\", \"描述\": \"The spring tension affects how hard you need to press down on the pedal to bring the 2 cymbals together. Look for a circular plastic dial that wraps around the bottom of your stand underneath the legs. Typically, it will have notches or grips so it’s easier for you to turn by hand. \\nYour cymbal stand may not have a spring tension dial, so you will not be able to change it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the dial clockwise if you want the spring to feel looser.\", \"描述\": \"Grab the dial and slowly turn it clockwise until you hear it click into the next setting. Try using your foot pedal to see how far you need to press it down for the cymbals to touch. Loosen the spring tension if you want to press the pedal down further. \\nCompare the angles of the hi-hat and bass drum pedals when you press them down. You’ll usually want them to have the same angle so it’s easier for you to play.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rotate the dial counterclockwise to make it easier to close the cymbals.\", \"描述\": \"Grab the dial and carefully adjust it counterclockwise. As you tighten the tension, you won’t have to press the pedal as far down to splash the cymbals together. That way, you can quickly keep time or switch between open and closed playing styles.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Making Leg and Pedal Adjustments\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Swivel the stand’s legs so they’re out of the way while you’re playing.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the wingnut where the legs connect to the stand’s main tube. Turn the wingnut counterclockwise to loosen it. Position the legs so you have room to move your foot around without bumping them. When you’re happy with the position, tighten the wingnut to lock it in place.\\nTest playing your hi-hats after changing the legs’ positions since the stand could become stable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the pedal’s adjustment ring to change its angle.\", \"描述\": \"Look for a square-shaped bolt on the back of the pedal where it connects to the bottom of the stand or chain. Loosen the bolt with a drum key so you can change the pedal’s angle. Look for the silver adjustment ring above the bolt and turn it clockwise to raise the front of the pedal. If you want the pedal lower, turn the ring counterclockwise. Tighten the bolt when you’re happy with the angle. \\nCheck that the horizontal pivot bolts above and below the adjustment ring are parallel before playing your cymbals.\\nTry to keep the hi-hat pedal the same angle as your bass drum pedal so it’s more comfortable for you to play.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rearrange the pedal’s traction dots if your foot slips around.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the screws on the pedal’s faceplate and loosen them with an Allen wrench. Take the faceplate off and remove or rearrange the dots however you want. If your foot slips around a lot, put the traction dots in every hole. Otherwise, you can remove them if you want to make it easier to switch between pedals. Whenever you’re finished, screw the faceplate back on. \\nPedal traction is all personal preference, so arrange the dots to whatever feels best for your playing style.\\nNot every pedal will have adjustable traction dots.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"You may need to adjust your cymbal stand frequently if you frequently switch between playing different genres of music.\\n\", \"Save the instruction manual for your drum kit and cymbal stands so you have them as reference if you need them later on.\\n\", \"You can use these adjustments on most brands of hi-hat stands, but always consult your stand’s manual to see if there are different instructions.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Stop tightening hardware if you feel tension on it so you don’t damage the cymbals or the stands.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,418
How to Adjust a Rear Bicycle Derailleur
1. Fixing Shifting Issues 1-1. Prop the bike up so you can spin the wheels as you work. You'll need to either lift the bike into a bike stand or flip the bike over so that it rests on the seat and handlebars. To adjust a derailleur, you'll need to pedal the bike while working. 1-2. Shift the bike to the highest possible gear. On the rear axle, the lowest gear (1) is the largest sprocket, and the highest gear (5, 6, 7 depending on how many sprockets are on the cassette) is the smallest sprocket. It is furthest away from the centre line of the bike, or closest to the frame fork. A derailleur works by moving the chain from sprocket to sprocket. The derailleur is connected to the shift lever by a steel cable. The derailleur is moved by tightening or relaxing the cable tension. The highest gear (smallest sprocket) on the rear derailleur is actually the point of lowest cable tension, meaning the derailleur is doing the least work and is thus easiest to adjust. While pedaling the bike, locate the cable leading to your rear derailleur and pull on it gently. Note how this shifts the chain by moving the derailleur. All a derailleur does is align the chain with the sprockets on the cassette. 1-3. Locate the barrel adjuster, then follow this cable through the bike to look for any issues. The barrel adjuster is the small cylinder connecting the cable to the derailleur. Follow your cable from the rear derailleur up to the handlebars. The tension on this cable is what actually causes gears to shift. You need to have the tension in the cable set up correctly to shift from one gear to the next. Make sure it is seated in its housing and isn't bent, loose, or caught in anything. This isn't a common issue, but it happens. 1-4. Attempt to shift through all of the gears in both directions, noting any issues. Keep pedalling the bike, shifting gears one at a time. Make a mental note of points where the chain skips a gear or needs to be clicked twice to shift a gear. Does the derailleur have problems going up or down the gears? Is there any noise or grinding? 1-5. Return to the highest gear and start shifting until you reach a "problem area," as noted before. For example, if the bike struggles to get from fourth to fifth gear, stop shifting on the fourth gear. While still pedaling, turn the barrel adjuster in the direction you need the cable to fall which, in this case, would be counter-clockwise. Tightening the barrel changes the tension of the cable which, in turn, dictates the gear you're in. Note that if the bike is upside-down, you need to turn the barrel away from the direction you want the chain to move. 1-6. Rotate the barrel adjuster counter-clockwise to help the chain shift down, towards the larger gears. Loosening the barrel adjuster tightens the cable, making it easier to pull up towards the larger gears. If you shift down and nothing happens, leave it in the shifted gear and keep turning the pedals. Turn the barrel counter-clockwise until the chain jumps up and shifts on its own -- your bike is adjusted. 1-7. Rotate the barrel adjuster clockwise to help the chain shift up, towards the lower gears. If your chain struggles to move away from the bike, you can tighten the barrel. If it won't shift when you click it, keep pedalling the bike and rotate the barrel. This decreases the tension on the derailleur, allowing the chain to "fall" smoothly to the higher gears. Keep turning slowly until the chain shifts on its own, matching the gear you just tried to shift to. Loosening the barrel also helps if your chain is jumping two gears at once when heading to the larger sprockets. 1-8. Check all of the gears by shifting up and down slowly. Once you've adjusted one gear to shift smoothly, the rest of the derailleur usually falls right into place. Check all of the gears to ensure you're adjusted, then move on. If you still have issues: Turn the barrel 2-3 turns to the right to full loosen it, then start over. If the cable was too tense when you started, it could need to be re-adjusted from scratch. Check for bent gears or derailleur arms. If this didn't work, there is likely a larger issue with the bike. 1-9. Lubricate the screws and pivot points with bike grease to prevent further issues Keep the chain lubricated with special chain lube to ensure that stiff chain links do not affect the shifting, and to make sure that the drive train will last a long time. 2. Fixing Slipping Chains 2-1. Only adjust your limit screws if the chain is popping out on either side of the derailleur. The two screws labeled "L" and "H" are used to adjust your limits. Basically, they determine how far in either direction the chain can travel. Unless you're having issues with the chain falling out, there is no reason to adjust these screws on the rear derailleur (as they were likely set properly at the factory). However, if your bike was in an accident or you installed a new derailleur, these screws may need to be adjusted. If you keep slipping a chain, check your limit screws. If you can't shift into the highest or lowest gear, check limit screws. If your chain is grinding against your frame, check limit screws. 2-2. Turn the "H" (high) limit screw clockwise to prevent the chain from moving too far to the right, away from the bike. Of course, you would turn it counter-clockwise if the chain is getting stopped too early. The high limit is for the smallest gear in the rear derailleur. 2-3. Turn the "L" (low) limit screw clockwise to prevent the chain from moving too far to the left (and potentially into your wheel). Again, turn it the opposite way (counter-clockwise) if the limit is pushed too far in. On the rear derailleur, the low limit is for the biggest gear. 2-4. Shift to the high and low gears, visually confirming that the derailleur is lined up with the center of the gears. Once you've got the limits where you want them, make sure they are lined up nicely. You should see the jockey wheel (metal arm with small cogs under the derailleur) lined up right underneath the chain. 2-5. Test both screws and watch to see when the derailleur moves if the H and L are no longer marked. If you are in the furthest gear, you will see the derailleur moving as you adjust the screws. So, if you need to adjust the low limit, shift to the gear on the far left, the biggest one. Adjust both screws a 1/2 turn and notice if the derailleur moves at all. Make sure it lines up in the middle of the gear, then turn back both screws a 1/2 turn so you don't ruin the limits on the correct screw. Tips Adjustments should be made gradually. Always check to make sure the derailleur hanger (where the derailleur attached to the frame) is not bent, as it must be bent back before attempting to adjust it the derailleur. The process for adjusting the front derailleur is nearly identical. Warnings Failure in properly adjusting the rear derailleur can cause the chain to slip off, damaging the frame and possibly sending the derailleur into the rear wheel. This may be difficult to do if you don't have bicycle repair experience. If you're unsure, go to your nearest favorite bike shop and see if you can get a shop guy to show you how to adjust it.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:17", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Fixing Shifting Issues\\n1-1. Prop the bike up so you can spin the wheels as you work.\\nYou'll need to either lift the bike into a bike stand or flip the bike over so that it rests on the seat and handlebars. To adjust a derailleur, you'll need to pedal the bike while working.\\n1-2. Shift the bike to the highest possible gear.\\nOn the rear axle, the lowest gear (1) is the largest sprocket, and the highest gear (5, 6, 7 depending on how many sprockets are on the cassette) is the smallest sprocket. It is furthest away from the centre line of the bike, or closest to the frame fork. A derailleur works by moving the chain from sprocket to sprocket. The derailleur is connected to the shift lever by a steel cable. The derailleur is moved by tightening or relaxing the cable tension. The highest gear (smallest sprocket) on the rear derailleur is actually the point of lowest cable tension, meaning the derailleur is doing the least work and is thus easiest to adjust.\\nWhile pedaling the bike, locate the cable leading to your rear derailleur and pull on it gently. Note how this shifts the chain by moving the derailleur. All a derailleur does is align the chain with the sprockets on the cassette.\\n1-3. Locate the barrel adjuster, then follow this cable through the bike to look for any issues.\\nThe barrel adjuster is the small cylinder connecting the cable to the derailleur. Follow your cable from the rear derailleur up to the handlebars. The tension on this cable is what actually causes gears to shift. You need to have the tension in the cable set up correctly to shift from one gear to the next. Make sure it is seated in its housing and isn't bent, loose, or caught in anything. This isn't a common issue, but it happens.\\n1-4. Attempt to shift through all of the gears in both directions, noting any issues.\\nKeep pedalling the bike, shifting gears one at a time. Make a mental note of points where the chain skips a gear or needs to be clicked twice to shift a gear. Does the derailleur have problems going up or down the gears? Is there any noise or grinding?\\n1-5. Return to the highest gear and start shifting until you reach a \\\"problem area,\\\" as noted before.\\nFor example, if the bike struggles to get from fourth to fifth gear, stop shifting on the fourth gear. While still pedaling, turn the barrel adjuster in the direction you need the cable to fall which, in this case, would be counter-clockwise. Tightening the barrel changes the tension of the cable which, in turn, dictates the gear you're in.\\nNote that if the bike is upside-down, you need to turn the barrel away from the direction you want the chain to move.\\n1-6. Rotate the barrel adjuster counter-clockwise to help the chain shift down, towards the larger gears.\\nLoosening the barrel adjuster tightens the cable, making it easier to pull up towards the larger gears. If you shift down and nothing happens, leave it in the shifted gear and keep turning the pedals. Turn the barrel counter-clockwise until the chain jumps up and shifts on its own -- your bike is adjusted.\\n1-7. Rotate the barrel adjuster clockwise to help the chain shift up, towards the lower gears.\\nIf your chain struggles to move away from the bike, you can tighten the barrel. If it won't shift when you click it, keep pedalling the bike and rotate the barrel. This decreases the tension on the derailleur, allowing the chain to \\\"fall\\\" smoothly to the higher gears. Keep turning slowly until the chain shifts on its own, matching the gear you just tried to shift to.\\nLoosening the barrel also helps if your chain is jumping two gears at once when heading to the larger sprockets.\\n1-8. Check all of the gears by shifting up and down slowly.\\nOnce you've adjusted one gear to shift smoothly, the rest of the derailleur usually falls right into place. Check all of the gears to ensure you're adjusted, then move on. If you still have issues:\\nTurn the barrel 2-3 turns to the right to full loosen it, then start over. If the cable was too tense when you started, it could need to be re-adjusted from scratch.\\nCheck for bent gears or derailleur arms. If this didn't work, there is likely a larger issue with the bike.\\n1-9. Lubricate the screws and pivot points with bike grease to prevent further issues\\nKeep the chain lubricated with special chain lube to ensure that stiff chain links do not affect the shifting, and to make sure that the drive train will last a long time.\\n2. Fixing Slipping Chains\\n2-1. Only adjust your limit screws if the chain is popping out on either side of the derailleur.\\nThe two screws labeled \\\"L\\\" and \\\"H\\\" are used to adjust your limits. Basically, they determine how far in either direction the chain can travel. Unless you're having issues with the chain falling out, there is no reason to adjust these screws on the rear derailleur (as they were likely set properly at the factory). However, if your bike was in an accident or you installed a new derailleur, these screws may need to be adjusted.\\nIf you keep slipping a chain, check your limit screws.\\nIf you can't shift into the highest or lowest gear, check limit screws.\\nIf your chain is grinding against your frame, check limit screws.\\n2-2. Turn the \\\"H\\\" (high) limit screw clockwise to prevent the chain from moving too far to the right, away from the bike.\\nOf course, you would turn it counter-clockwise if the chain is getting stopped too early. The high limit is for the smallest gear in the rear derailleur.\\n2-3. Turn the \\\"L\\\" (low) limit screw clockwise to prevent the chain from moving too far to the left (and potentially into your wheel).\\nAgain, turn it the opposite way (counter-clockwise) if the limit is pushed too far in. On the rear derailleur, the low limit is for the biggest gear.\\n2-4. Shift to the high and low gears, visually confirming that the derailleur is lined up with the center of the gears.\\nOnce you've got the limits where you want them, make sure they are lined up nicely. You should see the jockey wheel (metal arm with small cogs under the derailleur) lined up right underneath the chain.\\n2-5. Test both screws and watch to see when the derailleur moves if the H and L are no longer marked.\\nIf you are in the furthest gear, you will see the derailleur moving as you adjust the screws. So, if you need to adjust the low limit, shift to the gear on the far left, the biggest one. Adjust both screws a 1/2 turn and notice if the derailleur moves at all. Make sure it lines up in the middle of the gear, then turn back both screws a 1/2 turn so you don't ruin the limits on the correct screw.\\nTips\\nAdjustments should be made gradually.\\nAlways check to make sure the derailleur hanger (where the derailleur attached to the frame) is not bent, as it must be bent back before attempting to adjust it the derailleur.\\nThe process for adjusting the front derailleur is nearly identical.\\nWarnings\\nFailure in properly adjusting the rear derailleur can cause the chain to slip off, damaging the frame and possibly sending the derailleur into the rear wheel.\\nThis may be difficult to do if you don't have bicycle repair experience. If you're unsure, go to your nearest favorite bike shop and see if you can get a shop guy to show you how to adjust it.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Have you ever had troubles with your bike switching gears unexpectedly or not shifting correctly? Many people have this problem, but are afraid of attempting to fix it for fear of making things worse. But you don't need to go into the shop to get your bicycle shifting properly. Just adjust the rear derailleur! A good eye and some lubricant should be all you need.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fixing Shifting Issues\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prop the bike up so you can spin the wheels as you work.\", \"描述\": \"You'll need to either lift the bike into a bike stand or flip the bike over so that it rests on the seat and handlebars. To adjust a derailleur, you'll need to pedal the bike while working.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Shift the bike to the highest possible gear.\", \"描述\": \"On the rear axle, the lowest gear (1) is the largest sprocket, and the highest gear (5, 6, 7 depending on how many sprockets are on the cassette) is the smallest sprocket. It is furthest away from the centre line of the bike, or closest to the frame fork. A derailleur works by moving the chain from sprocket to sprocket. The derailleur is connected to the shift lever by a steel cable. The derailleur is moved by tightening or relaxing the cable tension. The highest gear (smallest sprocket) on the rear derailleur is actually the point of lowest cable tension, meaning the derailleur is doing the least work and is thus easiest to adjust.\\nWhile pedaling the bike, locate the cable leading to your rear derailleur and pull on it gently. Note how this shifts the chain by moving the derailleur. All a derailleur does is align the chain with the sprockets on the cassette.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Locate the barrel adjuster, then follow this cable through the bike to look for any issues.\", \"描述\": \"The barrel adjuster is the small cylinder connecting the cable to the derailleur. Follow your cable from the rear derailleur up to the handlebars. The tension on this cable is what actually causes gears to shift. You need to have the tension in the cable set up correctly to shift from one gear to the next. Make sure it is seated in its housing and isn't bent, loose, or caught in anything. This isn't a common issue, but it happens.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Attempt to shift through all of the gears in both directions, noting any issues.\", \"描述\": \"Keep pedalling the bike, shifting gears one at a time. Make a mental note of points where the chain skips a gear or needs to be clicked twice to shift a gear. Does the derailleur have problems going up or down the gears? Is there any noise or grinding?\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Return to the highest gear and start shifting until you reach a \\\"problem area,\\\" as noted before.\", \"描述\": \"For example, if the bike struggles to get from fourth to fifth gear, stop shifting on the fourth gear. While still pedaling, turn the barrel adjuster in the direction you need the cable to fall which, in this case, would be counter-clockwise. Tightening the barrel changes the tension of the cable which, in turn, dictates the gear you're in.\\nNote that if the bike is upside-down, you need to turn the barrel away from the direction you want the chain to move.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Rotate the barrel adjuster counter-clockwise to help the chain shift down, towards the larger gears.\", \"描述\": \"Loosening the barrel adjuster tightens the cable, making it easier to pull up towards the larger gears. If you shift down and nothing happens, leave it in the shifted gear and keep turning the pedals. Turn the barrel counter-clockwise until the chain jumps up and shifts on its own -- your bike is adjusted.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Rotate the barrel adjuster clockwise to help the chain shift up, towards the lower gears.\", \"描述\": \"If your chain struggles to move away from the bike, you can tighten the barrel. If it won't shift when you click it, keep pedalling the bike and rotate the barrel. This decreases the tension on the derailleur, allowing the chain to \\\"fall\\\" smoothly to the higher gears. Keep turning slowly until the chain shifts on its own, matching the gear you just tried to shift to.\\nLoosening the barrel also helps if your chain is jumping two gears at once when heading to the larger sprockets.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Check all of the gears by shifting up and down slowly.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've adjusted one gear to shift smoothly, the rest of the derailleur usually falls right into place. Check all of the gears to ensure you're adjusted, then move on. If you still have issues:\\nTurn the barrel 2-3 turns to the right to full loosen it, then start over. If the cable was too tense when you started, it could need to be re-adjusted from scratch.\\nCheck for bent gears or derailleur arms. If this didn't work, there is likely a larger issue with the bike.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Lubricate the screws and pivot points with bike grease to prevent further issues\", \"描述\": \"Keep the chain lubricated with special chain lube to ensure that stiff chain links do not affect the shifting, and to make sure that the drive train will last a long time.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fixing Slipping Chains\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Only adjust your limit screws if the chain is popping out on either side of the derailleur.\", \"描述\": \"The two screws labeled \\\"L\\\" and \\\"H\\\" are used to adjust your limits. Basically, they determine how far in either direction the chain can travel. Unless you're having issues with the chain falling out, there is no reason to adjust these screws on the rear derailleur (as they were likely set properly at the factory). However, if your bike was in an accident or you installed a new derailleur, these screws may need to be adjusted.\\nIf you keep slipping a chain, check your limit screws.\\nIf you can't shift into the highest or lowest gear, check limit screws.\\nIf your chain is grinding against your frame, check limit screws.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the \\\"H\\\" (high) limit screw clockwise to prevent the chain from moving too far to the right, away from the bike.\", \"描述\": \"Of course, you would turn it counter-clockwise if the chain is getting stopped too early. The high limit is for the smallest gear in the rear derailleur.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the \\\"L\\\" (low) limit screw clockwise to prevent the chain from moving too far to the left (and potentially into your wheel).\", \"描述\": \"Again, turn it the opposite way (counter-clockwise) if the limit is pushed too far in. On the rear derailleur, the low limit is for the biggest gear.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Shift to the high and low gears, visually confirming that the derailleur is lined up with the center of the gears.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've got the limits where you want them, make sure they are lined up nicely. You should see the jockey wheel (metal arm with small cogs under the derailleur) lined up right underneath the chain.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Test both screws and watch to see when the derailleur moves if the H and L are no longer marked.\", \"描述\": \"If you are in the furthest gear, you will see the derailleur moving as you adjust the screws. So, if you need to adjust the low limit, shift to the gear on the far left, the biggest one. Adjust both screws a 1/2 turn and notice if the derailleur moves at all. Make sure it lines up in the middle of the gear, then turn back both screws a 1/2 turn so you don't ruin the limits on the correct screw.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Adjustments should be made gradually.\\n\", \"Always check to make sure the derailleur hanger (where the derailleur attached to the frame) is not bent, as it must be bent back before attempting to adjust it the derailleur.\\n\", \"The process for adjusting the front derailleur is nearly identical.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Failure in properly adjusting the rear derailleur can cause the chain to slip off, damaging the frame and possibly sending the derailleur into the rear wheel.\\n\", \"This may be difficult to do if you don't have bicycle repair experience. If you're unsure, go to your nearest favorite bike shop and see if you can get a shop guy to show you how to adjust it.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,419
How to Adjust a Recliner Chair
1. Adjusting Recliner Tension 1-1. Test your recliner's tension. "Recliner tension" refers to how easily the backrest of the recliner leans backward. Sit in the recliner and lean back against the backrest. If it's too difficult to lean back, you'll need to decrease the recliner tension. It can also be a good idea to decrease the tension if you have a petite build since reclining the chair will then require less strength. If the recliner leans too far back for comfort, or if it leans back too easily, you may need to increase the recliner tension. This is usually a good idea for heavier individuals, taller individuals, and people needing firmer back support. 1-2. Tilt the recliner forward. Make sure the back is in the upright position and the footrest is closed, and carefully tilt the entire recliner forward, to expose the underside of the chair. Rest the recliner on the front of the armrests and the top of its back. You may need both hands to adjust the tension, and the process will be difficult to complete if you attempt to hold the chair the entire time. 1-3. Look for an adjustment mechanism. Recliners with adjustable recliner tension should have a pair of thumb wheels or wing nuts beneath the seat. If no mechanism is present, you may not be able to adjust the tension. Look for a thumb wheel or wing nut on the right and left of the underside of the chair. Each one should be positioned at the end of a bolt, and tension springs should be connected to the same bolt from the other side. The exact placement of the mechanism may vary by manufacturer and model, but in most cases, the mechanism can be found beneath the seat and toward the back of the recliner. In some instances, the mechanism might be positioned more toward the bottom center. 1-4. Rotate the mechanism. Turn the thumb wheels or wing nuts clockwise to increase the reclining tension. Turn them counterclockwise to decrease the tension. Both wing nuts and thumb wheels should be adjusted in the same way when you're dealing with recliner tension, so the basic instructions should remain the same. Try turning the mechanism with your fingers. If it feels too tight, you may need to use sturdy pliers instead. Work in small increments. Only turn each wheel or nut by a quarter turn each time, and repeat each adjustment on both sides of the chair to keep the tension even throughout. 1-5. Test the adjustment. Return the recliner to its upright position. Sit in the chair and check the recliner tension by extending the leg rest out and leaning back in the chair. If the recliner tension feels comfortable enough, you can end the process here and relax in your newly adjusted chair. If the recliner tension still feels too loose or too stiff, further adjustments will be needed. 1-6. Repeat as needed. Continue adjusting the recliner’s tension as needed by following the same steps. Close the footrest, tilt the chair forward, and rotate the adjustment mechanism in the proper direction. Only adjust the tension by one-quarter turns each time. It might seem tempting to make larger adjustments, but doing so will usually cause you to overcompensate and may adjust the tension too far in the other direction. Never loosen or tighten the adjustment mechanism all the way. Doing so can cause permanent damage to the tension spring. The tension spring should be unable to move on the bolt after your adjustments. If it does move around, it is too loose, and you should turn the mechanism at least one clockwise half-turn. Similarly, if the spring becomes completely compressed and too tight, turn the mechanism at least one counterclockwise half-turn to remedy the problem. 2. Replacing Tension Springs 2-1. Turn your recliner over. With the footrest down and the back in an upright position, gently flip the recliner forward to reveal the frame underneath the seat of the recliner. 2-2. Identify the attachment points for the tension springs. Look on either side of the recliner for clips or tabs where springs attach. If the springs are still present, you just need to locate where they attach to the frame on either end of the spring. 2-3. Remove the old, damaged springs with pliers. Firmly grasp one end of the spring and disconnect the spring from the frame by pulling and twisting it loose with pliers. Be careful when removing the spring as it will be under high tension. Wear safety goggles to prevent eye damage from potential flying metal. 2-4. Purchase heavy duty replacement springs. The best springs to use in a recliner would be manufacturer replacement parts made for your recliner model. Contact a local recliner retailer to inquire if they provide replacement parts. Search online for recliner repair or parts dealers. If exact matches can’t be found, ask a retailer which springs would be compatible with your recliner model. 2-5. Stretch the springs. Place a screwdriver through the loop on each end of the spring. Pull the spring apart gently. Slide a nickel in between each coil of the spring to separate the coils. You can also use washers in place of nickels. 2-6. Install the springs. Connect one end of the spring to the attachment point of the frame. Using a pair of pliers, pull the spring to attach to the frame at the other end. Be extremely careful when working with springs under tension. Locking adjustable pliers are good to ensure you have a solid grip on the spring. 2-7. Remove the nickels separating the coils. Gently pull the nickels from between each coil with a pair of pliers. Once the nickels are removed the spring will return to its normal tension. Ensure the spring is securely attached at both ends prior to removing the nickels. 2-8. Return the recliner to the upright position to test the springs. Flip the recliner back over and sit in it. Lean against the backrest to test the tension of the springs. There should be some resistance when you lean the backrest back. If the resistance isn’t right, you may need to try another set of springs. 3. Changing Recliner Pitch 3-1. Sit in the recliner in the upright position. Place your back against the backrest without reclining. Evaluate your recliner’s pitch for optimum comfort. "Recliner pitch" refers to the height of the chair front when the recliner is in its closed, upward position. You can usually adjust the pitch by altering the appropriate bolts at the bottom of the chair. If the recliner pitch is too high, your feet won't be able to touch the floor when you sit down. Adjust the pitch downward. If the recliner pitch is too low, your knees will bend upward and above the seat when you're sitting down, which may lead to discomfort and an unhealthy posture. Consider adjusting the pitch upward. 3-2. Tilt the recliner forward. With the back in an upright position and the leg rest closed, lean the entire recliner forward to expose the underside of the chair. Allow the recliner to rest on the top of its back and the tips of its armrests when you lean it forward. Doing so frees up both hands, making it easier to make the necessary adjustments to your chair. 3-3. Locate the cam bolts. You'll need to adjust the bolts holding the cam, or full base mechanism, securely in place. These bolts are typically located toward the center bottom of the chair. Note that these bolts are not the same as your recliner tension bolts. Your recliner tension bolts feed into the recliner spring, but the cam bolts are located in the metal frame of your base mechanism. Typically, there should be a total of four bolts holding the frame in place. Look for two bolts at the back of the frame (one on either side of the chair) and two bolts at the front of the frame (one on either side of the chair). 3-4. Loosen the back bolts. Use an appropriately sized wrench to loosen the cam bolts on either side of the bottom mechanism. Make the bolts loose enough for you to wiggle the chair around, but do not loosen them completely. Do not remove the bolts or allow them to drop out of the frame. Note that cordless power ratchets might be easier to use than mechanical wrenches for this task. Either option should be acceptable, though. 3-5. Remove the front bolts. Using a wrench or cordless power ratchet, loosen and completely remove the two cam bolts at the front of the bottom mechanism. Unlike the back bolts, the front bolts must be completely removed. Keep them nearby and in a safe place, however, since you'll be needing them again soon. 3-6. Adjust the frame. Move the front of the frame up or down to adjust its position. Doing so will also adjust the recliner pitch. Slide the frame up and back to bring the front of the chair closer to the ground, to increase its front pitch. Push the frame down and forward to draw the front of the chair further away from the ground, thereby increasing its rear pitch. Look at the slot at the front of the cam. This area is where the front cam bolts fit. For most recliners, the slot has grooves that allow for five different settings, and two sets of holes for the bolts to fit through. In total, you can usually alter the pitch to as many as nine different settings. Even small adjustments can make a big difference in the pitch of the recliner once you test it out, so it's best to work in small increments. 3-7. Return the front bolts. Once you've positioned the cam as desired, insert the front bolts back into the bottom frame. Loosely twist the bolts into the correct holes using your fingers. Check the positioning before you continue. Both bolts should be fitted into the same position on either side of the chair. Once the bolts are properly positioned, use a wrench or power ratchet to tighten them securely in place. 3-8. Tighten the back bolts. Using a wrench or cordless power ratchet, completely tighten the back bolts of the recliner. Try to wiggle the bottom mechanism or frame after tightening all four bolts. It should remain firm and stationary. If not, check and re-tighten the bolts as needed. 3-9. Test the pitch. Return the chair to its upright position and sit down. Your feet should be able to touch the floor and your knees should be bent at an approximate right angle. To maintain proper posture, your body should be positioned in right angles at the knees, hips, and elbows. You should also have approximately 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.6 cm) of space in between the edge of the chair and the back of your calf. If the pitch is correct, no further adjustments are needed. You can stop here and relax in your newly adjusted chair. If the pitch is still incorrect, continue adjusting it as needed to fix the problem. Repeat the same sequence of steps to make these additional adjustments. Tips Check with your recliner’s manufacturer to make sure your model can be adjusted before attempting to change or remove bolts on the frame. Be careful working with springs under tension as they may snap and cause injury.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:17", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting Recliner Tension\\n1-1. Test your recliner's tension.\\n\\\"Recliner tension\\\" refers to how easily the backrest of the recliner leans backward. Sit in the recliner and lean back against the backrest. \\nIf it's too difficult to lean back, you'll need to decrease the recliner tension. It can also be a good idea to decrease the tension if you have a petite build since reclining the chair will then require less strength.\\nIf the recliner leans too far back for comfort, or if it leans back too easily, you may need to increase the recliner tension. This is usually a good idea for heavier individuals, taller individuals, and people needing firmer back support.\\n1-2. Tilt the recliner forward.\\nMake sure the back is in the upright position and the footrest is closed, and carefully tilt the entire recliner forward, to expose the underside of the chair.\\nRest the recliner on the front of the armrests and the top of its back. You may need both hands to adjust the tension, and the process will be difficult to complete if you attempt to hold the chair the entire time.\\n1-3. Look for an adjustment mechanism.\\nRecliners with adjustable recliner tension should have a pair of thumb wheels or wing nuts beneath the seat. If no mechanism is present, you may not be able to adjust the tension.\\nLook for a thumb wheel or wing nut on the right and left of the underside of the chair. Each one should be positioned at the end of a bolt, and tension springs should be connected to the same bolt from the other side.\\nThe exact placement of the mechanism may vary by manufacturer and model, but in most cases, the mechanism can be found beneath the seat and toward the back of the recliner. In some instances, the mechanism might be positioned more toward the bottom center.\\n1-4. Rotate the mechanism.\\nTurn the thumb wheels or wing nuts clockwise to increase the reclining tension. Turn them counterclockwise to decrease the tension.\\nBoth wing nuts and thumb wheels should be adjusted in the same way when you're dealing with recliner tension, so the basic instructions should remain the same.\\nTry turning the mechanism with your fingers. If it feels too tight, you may need to use sturdy pliers instead.\\nWork in small increments. Only turn each wheel or nut by a quarter turn each time, and repeat each adjustment on both sides of the chair to keep the tension even throughout.\\n1-5. Test the adjustment.\\nReturn the recliner to its upright position. Sit in the chair and check the recliner tension by extending the leg rest out and leaning back in the chair.\\nIf the recliner tension feels comfortable enough, you can end the process here and relax in your newly adjusted chair.\\nIf the recliner tension still feels too loose or too stiff, further adjustments will be needed.\\n1-6. Repeat as needed.\\nContinue adjusting the recliner’s tension as needed by following the same steps. Close the footrest, tilt the chair forward, and rotate the adjustment mechanism in the proper direction.\\nOnly adjust the tension by one-quarter turns each time. It might seem tempting to make larger adjustments, but doing so will usually cause you to overcompensate and may adjust the tension too far in the other direction.\\nNever loosen or tighten the adjustment mechanism all the way. Doing so can cause permanent damage to the tension spring.\\nThe tension spring should be unable to move on the bolt after your adjustments. If it does move around, it is too loose, and you should turn the mechanism at least one clockwise half-turn.\\nSimilarly, if the spring becomes completely compressed and too tight, turn the mechanism at least one counterclockwise half-turn to remedy the problem.\\n2. Replacing Tension Springs\\n2-1. Turn your recliner over.\\nWith the footrest down and the back in an upright position, gently flip the recliner forward to reveal the frame underneath the seat of the recliner.\\n2-2. Identify the attachment points for the tension springs.\\nLook on either side of the recliner for clips or tabs where springs attach. If the springs are still present, you just need to locate where they attach to the frame on either end of the spring.\\n2-3. Remove the old, damaged springs with pliers.\\nFirmly grasp one end of the spring and disconnect the spring from the frame by pulling and twisting it loose with pliers.\\nBe careful when removing the spring as it will be under high tension.\\nWear safety goggles to prevent eye damage from potential flying metal.\\n2-4. Purchase heavy duty replacement springs.\\nThe best springs to use in a recliner would be manufacturer replacement parts made for your recliner model.\\nContact a local recliner retailer to inquire if they provide replacement parts.\\nSearch online for recliner repair or parts dealers.\\nIf exact matches can’t be found, ask a retailer which springs would be compatible with your recliner model.\\n2-5. Stretch the springs.\\nPlace a screwdriver through the loop on each end of the spring. Pull the spring apart gently. Slide a nickel in between each coil of the spring to separate the coils. You can also use washers in place of nickels.\\n2-6. Install the springs.\\nConnect one end of the spring to the attachment point of the frame. Using a pair of pliers, pull the spring to attach to the frame at the other end.\\nBe extremely careful when working with springs under tension. Locking adjustable pliers are good to ensure you have a solid grip on the spring.\\n2-7. Remove the nickels separating the coils.\\nGently pull the nickels from between each coil with a pair of pliers. Once the nickels are removed the spring will return to its normal tension.\\nEnsure the spring is securely attached at both ends prior to removing the nickels.\\n2-8. Return the recliner to the upright position to test the springs.\\nFlip the recliner back over and sit in it. Lean against the backrest to test the tension of the springs. There should be some resistance when you lean the backrest back. If the resistance isn’t right, you may need to try another set of springs.\\n3. Changing Recliner Pitch\\n3-1. Sit in the recliner in the upright position.\\nPlace your back against the backrest without reclining. Evaluate your recliner’s pitch for optimum comfort. \\\"Recliner pitch\\\" refers to the height of the chair front when the recliner is in its closed, upward position. You can usually adjust the pitch by altering the appropriate bolts at the bottom of the chair.\\nIf the recliner pitch is too high, your feet won't be able to touch the floor when you sit down. Adjust the pitch downward.\\nIf the recliner pitch is too low, your knees will bend upward and above the seat when you're sitting down, which may lead to discomfort and an unhealthy posture. Consider adjusting the pitch upward.\\n3-2. Tilt the recliner forward.\\nWith the back in an upright position and the leg rest closed, lean the entire recliner forward to expose the underside of the chair.\\nAllow the recliner to rest on the top of its back and the tips of its armrests when you lean it forward. Doing so frees up both hands, making it easier to make the necessary adjustments to your chair.\\n3-3. Locate the cam bolts.\\nYou'll need to adjust the bolts holding the cam, or full base mechanism, securely in place. These bolts are typically located toward the center bottom of the chair.\\nNote that these bolts are not the same as your recliner tension bolts. Your recliner tension bolts feed into the recliner spring, but the cam bolts are located in the metal frame of your base mechanism.\\nTypically, there should be a total of four bolts holding the frame in place. Look for two bolts at the back of the frame (one on either side of the chair) and two bolts at the front of the frame (one on either side of the chair).\\n3-4. Loosen the back bolts.\\nUse an appropriately sized wrench to loosen the cam bolts on either side of the bottom mechanism.\\nMake the bolts loose enough for you to wiggle the chair around, but do not loosen them completely. Do not remove the bolts or allow them to drop out of the frame.\\nNote that cordless power ratchets might be easier to use than mechanical wrenches for this task. Either option should be acceptable, though.\\n3-5. Remove the front bolts.\\nUsing a wrench or cordless power ratchet, loosen and completely remove the two cam bolts at the front of the bottom mechanism.\\nUnlike the back bolts, the front bolts must be completely removed. Keep them nearby and in a safe place, however, since you'll be needing them again soon.\\n3-6. Adjust the frame.\\nMove the front of the frame up or down to adjust its position. Doing so will also adjust the recliner pitch.\\nSlide the frame up and back to bring the front of the chair closer to the ground, to increase its front pitch. Push the frame down and forward to draw the front of the chair further away from the ground, thereby increasing its rear pitch.\\nLook at the slot at the front of the cam. This area is where the front cam bolts fit. For most recliners, the slot has grooves that allow for five different settings, and two sets of holes for the bolts to fit through. In total, you can usually alter the pitch to as many as nine different settings.\\nEven small adjustments can make a big difference in the pitch of the recliner once you test it out, so it's best to work in small increments.\\n3-7. Return the front bolts.\\nOnce you've positioned the cam as desired, insert the front bolts back into the bottom frame.\\nLoosely twist the bolts into the correct holes using your fingers. Check the positioning before you continue. Both bolts should be fitted into the same position on either side of the chair.\\nOnce the bolts are properly positioned, use a wrench or power ratchet to tighten them securely in place.\\n3-8. Tighten the back bolts.\\nUsing a wrench or cordless power ratchet, completely tighten the back bolts of the recliner.\\nTry to wiggle the bottom mechanism or frame after tightening all four bolts. It should remain firm and stationary. If not, check and re-tighten the bolts as needed.\\n3-9. Test the pitch.\\nReturn the chair to its upright position and sit down. Your feet should be able to touch the floor and your knees should be bent at an approximate right angle.\\nTo maintain proper posture, your body should be positioned in right angles at the knees, hips, and elbows. You should also have approximately 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.6 cm) of space in between the edge of the chair and the back of your calf.\\nIf the pitch is correct, no further adjustments are needed. You can stop here and relax in your newly adjusted chair.\\nIf the pitch is still incorrect, continue adjusting it as needed to fix the problem. Repeat the same sequence of steps to make these additional adjustments.\\nTips\\nCheck with your recliner’s manufacturer to make sure your model can be adjusted before attempting to change or remove bolts on the frame.\\nBe careful working with springs under tension as they may snap and cause injury.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"An uncomfortable recliner chair can often be fixed by making a few adjustments. Changing the pressure required to recline the back of the chair can help make your recliner just right for you. Adjusting the position of the chair when upright can also help personalize your chair for the best sitting experience.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting Recliner Tension\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Test your recliner's tension.\", \"描述\": \"\\\"Recliner tension\\\" refers to how easily the backrest of the recliner leans backward. Sit in the recliner and lean back against the backrest. \\nIf it's too difficult to lean back, you'll need to decrease the recliner tension. It can also be a good idea to decrease the tension if you have a petite build since reclining the chair will then require less strength.\\nIf the recliner leans too far back for comfort, or if it leans back too easily, you may need to increase the recliner tension. This is usually a good idea for heavier individuals, taller individuals, and people needing firmer back support.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tilt the recliner forward.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the back is in the upright position and the footrest is closed, and carefully tilt the entire recliner forward, to expose the underside of the chair.\\nRest the recliner on the front of the armrests and the top of its back. You may need both hands to adjust the tension, and the process will be difficult to complete if you attempt to hold the chair the entire time.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for an adjustment mechanism.\", \"描述\": \"Recliners with adjustable recliner tension should have a pair of thumb wheels or wing nuts beneath the seat. If no mechanism is present, you may not be able to adjust the tension.\\nLook for a thumb wheel or wing nut on the right and left of the underside of the chair. Each one should be positioned at the end of a bolt, and tension springs should be connected to the same bolt from the other side.\\nThe exact placement of the mechanism may vary by manufacturer and model, but in most cases, the mechanism can be found beneath the seat and toward the back of the recliner. In some instances, the mechanism might be positioned more toward the bottom center.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rotate the mechanism.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the thumb wheels or wing nuts clockwise to increase the reclining tension. Turn them counterclockwise to decrease the tension.\\nBoth wing nuts and thumb wheels should be adjusted in the same way when you're dealing with recliner tension, so the basic instructions should remain the same.\\nTry turning the mechanism with your fingers. If it feels too tight, you may need to use sturdy pliers instead.\\nWork in small increments. Only turn each wheel or nut by a quarter turn each time, and repeat each adjustment on both sides of the chair to keep the tension even throughout.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Test the adjustment.\", \"描述\": \"Return the recliner to its upright position. Sit in the chair and check the recliner tension by extending the leg rest out and leaning back in the chair.\\nIf the recliner tension feels comfortable enough, you can end the process here and relax in your newly adjusted chair.\\nIf the recliner tension still feels too loose or too stiff, further adjustments will be needed.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Repeat as needed.\", \"描述\": \"Continue adjusting the recliner’s tension as needed by following the same steps. Close the footrest, tilt the chair forward, and rotate the adjustment mechanism in the proper direction.\\nOnly adjust the tension by one-quarter turns each time. It might seem tempting to make larger adjustments, but doing so will usually cause you to overcompensate and may adjust the tension too far in the other direction.\\nNever loosen or tighten the adjustment mechanism all the way. Doing so can cause permanent damage to the tension spring.\\nThe tension spring should be unable to move on the bolt after your adjustments. If it does move around, it is too loose, and you should turn the mechanism at least one clockwise half-turn.\\nSimilarly, if the spring becomes completely compressed and too tight, turn the mechanism at least one counterclockwise half-turn to remedy the problem.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Replacing Tension Springs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn your recliner over.\", \"描述\": \"With the footrest down and the back in an upright position, gently flip the recliner forward to reveal the frame underneath the seat of the recliner.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Identify the attachment points for the tension springs.\", \"描述\": \"Look on either side of the recliner for clips or tabs where springs attach. If the springs are still present, you just need to locate where they attach to the frame on either end of the spring.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the old, damaged springs with pliers.\", \"描述\": \"Firmly grasp one end of the spring and disconnect the spring from the frame by pulling and twisting it loose with pliers.\\nBe careful when removing the spring as it will be under high tension.\\nWear safety goggles to prevent eye damage from potential flying metal.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Purchase heavy duty replacement springs.\", \"描述\": \"The best springs to use in a recliner would be manufacturer replacement parts made for your recliner model.\\nContact a local recliner retailer to inquire if they provide replacement parts.\\nSearch online for recliner repair or parts dealers.\\nIf exact matches can’t be found, ask a retailer which springs would be compatible with your recliner model.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Stretch the springs.\", \"描述\": \"Place a screwdriver through the loop on each end of the spring. Pull the spring apart gently. Slide a nickel in between each coil of the spring to separate the coils. You can also use washers in place of nickels.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Install the springs.\", \"描述\": \"Connect one end of the spring to the attachment point of the frame. Using a pair of pliers, pull the spring to attach to the frame at the other end.\\nBe extremely careful when working with springs under tension. Locking adjustable pliers are good to ensure you have a solid grip on the spring.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Remove the nickels separating the coils.\", \"描述\": \"Gently pull the nickels from between each coil with a pair of pliers. Once the nickels are removed the spring will return to its normal tension.\\nEnsure the spring is securely attached at both ends prior to removing the nickels.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Return the recliner to the upright position to test the springs.\", \"描述\": \"Flip the recliner back over and sit in it. Lean against the backrest to test the tension of the springs. There should be some resistance when you lean the backrest back. If the resistance isn’t right, you may need to try another set of springs.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Changing Recliner Pitch\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sit in the recliner in the upright position.\", \"描述\": \"Place your back against the backrest without reclining. Evaluate your recliner’s pitch for optimum comfort. \\\"Recliner pitch\\\" refers to the height of the chair front when the recliner is in its closed, upward position. You can usually adjust the pitch by altering the appropriate bolts at the bottom of the chair.\\nIf the recliner pitch is too high, your feet won't be able to touch the floor when you sit down. Adjust the pitch downward.\\nIf the recliner pitch is too low, your knees will bend upward and above the seat when you're sitting down, which may lead to discomfort and an unhealthy posture. Consider adjusting the pitch upward.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tilt the recliner forward.\", \"描述\": \"With the back in an upright position and the leg rest closed, lean the entire recliner forward to expose the underside of the chair.\\nAllow the recliner to rest on the top of its back and the tips of its armrests when you lean it forward. Doing so frees up both hands, making it easier to make the necessary adjustments to your chair.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Locate the cam bolts.\", \"描述\": \"You'll need to adjust the bolts holding the cam, or full base mechanism, securely in place. These bolts are typically located toward the center bottom of the chair.\\nNote that these bolts are not the same as your recliner tension bolts. Your recliner tension bolts feed into the recliner spring, but the cam bolts are located in the metal frame of your base mechanism.\\nTypically, there should be a total of four bolts holding the frame in place. Look for two bolts at the back of the frame (one on either side of the chair) and two bolts at the front of the frame (one on either side of the chair).\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Loosen the back bolts.\", \"描述\": \"Use an appropriately sized wrench to loosen the cam bolts on either side of the bottom mechanism.\\nMake the bolts loose enough for you to wiggle the chair around, but do not loosen them completely. Do not remove the bolts or allow them to drop out of the frame.\\nNote that cordless power ratchets might be easier to use than mechanical wrenches for this task. Either option should be acceptable, though.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Remove the front bolts.\", \"描述\": \"Using a wrench or cordless power ratchet, loosen and completely remove the two cam bolts at the front of the bottom mechanism.\\nUnlike the back bolts, the front bolts must be completely removed. Keep them nearby and in a safe place, however, since you'll be needing them again soon.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Adjust the frame.\", \"描述\": \"Move the front of the frame up or down to adjust its position. Doing so will also adjust the recliner pitch.\\nSlide the frame up and back to bring the front of the chair closer to the ground, to increase its front pitch. Push the frame down and forward to draw the front of the chair further away from the ground, thereby increasing its rear pitch.\\nLook at the slot at the front of the cam. This area is where the front cam bolts fit. For most recliners, the slot has grooves that allow for five different settings, and two sets of holes for the bolts to fit through. In total, you can usually alter the pitch to as many as nine different settings.\\nEven small adjustments can make a big difference in the pitch of the recliner once you test it out, so it's best to work in small increments.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Return the front bolts.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've positioned the cam as desired, insert the front bolts back into the bottom frame.\\nLoosely twist the bolts into the correct holes using your fingers. Check the positioning before you continue. Both bolts should be fitted into the same position on either side of the chair.\\nOnce the bolts are properly positioned, use a wrench or power ratchet to tighten them securely in place.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Tighten the back bolts.\", \"描述\": \"Using a wrench or cordless power ratchet, completely tighten the back bolts of the recliner.\\nTry to wiggle the bottom mechanism or frame after tightening all four bolts. It should remain firm and stationary. If not, check and re-tighten the bolts as needed.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Test the pitch.\", \"描述\": \"Return the chair to its upright position and sit down. Your feet should be able to touch the floor and your knees should be bent at an approximate right angle.\\nTo maintain proper posture, your body should be positioned in right angles at the knees, hips, and elbows. You should also have approximately 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7.6 cm) of space in between the edge of the chair and the back of your calf.\\nIf the pitch is correct, no further adjustments are needed. You can stop here and relax in your newly adjusted chair.\\nIf the pitch is still incorrect, continue adjusting it as needed to fix the problem. Repeat the same sequence of steps to make these additional adjustments.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Check with your recliner’s manufacturer to make sure your model can be adjusted before attempting to change or remove bolts on the frame.\\n\", \"Be careful working with springs under tension as they may snap and cause injury.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,420
How to Adjust a Sagging Door
1. Inspecting the Door, Hinges, and Frame 1-1. Find the sagging door’s cause. Inspect the door from inside, or the side from where you can see the hinges. Locate the gaps and where the door is tight. It’s common in sagging doors for the hinge side at the bottom to be tighter against the frame. The opposite side, or strike side, is often gapped at the top and tight where the door meets the sill. 1-2. See if the door and frame are level. Use a bubble level and carpenter’s square to determine if the door frame itself is level. Hold the bubble level against the door jamb’s left and right sides and top, and check to see if the bubble settles between the viewer’s two lines. You can hold the carpenter’s square, or steel square, to the door jamb’s four corners to determine if they deviate from 90 degrees. You might find that the door is level, but the frame is off square. If the frame is out of square, you might have other problems, like a shifted wall or settling foundation. In this situation, you might find planing to be your only solution. 1-3. Check and tighten all hinge screws. With the door open, and starting with the top, see if the hinges and screws are still tightly embedded in the door and jamb. Use a screwdriver, not a drill, to tighten all the screws, but take care not to overtighten them. If the screws give your driver resistance and the hinges are securely in place, they’re tight. Overtightening could strip the holes or push the door further out of alignment. 2. Replacing and Adjusting Hardware 2-1. Look for and fill stripped holes. If you find a stripped hole, place a doorstop under the open door to hold the temporary drop of the weight. Remove the hinge with the stripped hole by removing the screws holding it in place from the door jamb and frame, and if necessary, from the door’s face. Dip an appropriately sized dowel into carpenter's glue and insert it into the hole – you can find these at any large hardware store. When the glue dries, predrill a hole with an appropriately sized bit, then replace the hinge and its screws. 2-2. Replace short hinge screws with longer ones. If you’ve gone through a basic check and tightened hinges, but your door still sags, your screws might not be long enough. Remove a screw from the top hinge. If it’s not 2 1/2 to 3 inches long, the screw won’t be able to reach the wall stud through the jamb and the door’s weight won’t be fully supported. Remove the old screws and pre-drill into the jamb and wall stud before replacing them with longer ones. Check the level of the door after replacing each screw. When the longer screw catches the wall stud, it should pull the door inward. Make sure not to over-tighten. 2-3. Add shims between the hinge and the doorjamb. Make shims with thin pieces of cardboard, wood, or playing cards to fit between the hinge and jamb and help align the hinge and door. Remove the appropriate hinge, often the top hinge, and trace and cut out its shape from your shim material. Use the thinnest materials possible so you can add layers to the hinge mortise one at a time until the door is level again. You might have to install shims on more than one hinge. This technique involves some guess and check work. Adding or subtracting shims until the door is square might be necessary after each shim adjustment. 2-4. Mortise the door hinge. Alternatively, you can also “mortise” one or more of the hinges. For this, you’ll need to score an outline around your hinge before removing it. Then, once you’ve taken off the hinge, you’ll carve out a deeper new pocket with a chisel. First, score the outline of the hinges you want to mortise with a utility knife. Remove the hinges. Take the chisel and position it on the scored line perpendicular to the door jamb. Lightly tap the chisel to deepen the scoring a bit. Do the same around the whole perimeter. Once you’ve finished the perimeter, use the chisel to make a series of cuts about 1/8 inch apart. The mortise depth will depend in part on how much the door sags. You want to adjust it so the hinge is mounted flush with the door. Last, hold the chisel flat and tap it to clear out the waste. Replace the hinge 3. Sanding or Planing the Door 3-1. Scribe the door. If you’ve tightened or replaced screws, filled stripped holes, and tried shims, but the door still sags, you’ll have to plane or sand. Scribing, or marking, the door will give you the line at which you stop removing wood by planing or sanding. First, use a carpenter’s compass to draw a line an 1/8 inch from the edge on the side of the door that rubs against the jamb. Trace the line with masking or painter’s tape to make it more visible. A carpenter’s compass is the easiest tool to use, and is inexpensive. If one’s not handy, use a pencil and straightedge. Fix the masking tape to inside of the line you marked off: for example, if you scribed the left side of the door, fix the tape to the right side of the line. 3-2. Remove the door. You don’t need to bother with unscrewing the hinges from the door face. You’ll be sanding or planning the strike edge rather than the hinge, so just pop the hinge pins and remove the door. Take the door to an open area, like a garage, and store it on a level surface, like sawhorses or a worktable. 3-3. Sand or plane the scribed edge. Using a belt sander is a great option. For the first 1/16 inch, use an 80-grit sanding belt. Keep the sander moving so you don’t wear a hole in one spot. Switch to 150-grit for the second half, then a 120-grit belt when you’ve gotten to the line in order to smooth it out. Remember, the humidity that causes the door to swell and stick at the bottom may disappear and leave the door too short during dry spells. Don’t remove too much of the door. You might reattach the door and find you haven’t planed enough, in which case you’ll have to repeat the process one or more times. Remember you can take away more door but you cannot put back what you’ve already removed, so sand carefully. The planer works faster than the belt sander. It also will make larger sawdust that you are less likely to breathe and easier to cleanup, because it does not float so far away in the air. You can also use the planer on the door, without removing it, if it sticks on the top side or the side of the knob. If you’re sanding the latch edge of the door, be sure to first remove the latch hardware. You may have to use a sharp chisel to dig out the latch hole so it doesn’t protrude from the door after planing. If it sticks out a bit, you can often sand or plane it down in place. 3-4. Refinish and repaint the sanded edge. When you’ve determined that the door has been properly planed, remember to refinish and repaint the raw edge. Don’t do so until you’re sure you’ve finished sanding. A coat of varnish and paint will help prevent moisture from penetrating the wood, so you’ll be far less likely to have to fix a sag in the future. Tips It’s better to guess and check and repeat processes than to, for example, sand too much door or overtighten a screw. You could damage hardware or have to buy a new door and jamb.[9] X Expert Source Christopher LanierHandyman Expert Interview. 25 August 2020. Find a helper to make the work of manipulating the door easier Warnings Be careful when handling power tools and sharp objects. Wear protective goggles when using sanding equipment.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:17", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Inspecting the Door, Hinges, and Frame\\n1-1. Find the sagging door’s cause.\\nInspect the door from inside, or the side from where you can see the hinges. Locate the gaps and where the door is tight. It’s common in sagging doors for the hinge side at the bottom to be tighter against the frame. The opposite side, or strike side, is often gapped at the top and tight where the door meets the sill.\\n1-2. See if the door and frame are level.\\nUse a bubble level and carpenter’s square to determine if the door frame itself is level. Hold the bubble level against the door jamb’s left and right sides and top, and check to see if the bubble settles between the viewer’s two lines. You can hold the carpenter’s square, or steel square, to the door jamb’s four corners to determine if they deviate from 90 degrees.\\nYou might find that the door is level, but the frame is off square. If the frame is out of square, you might have other problems, like a shifted wall or settling foundation.\\nIn this situation, you might find planing to be your only solution.\\n1-3. Check and tighten all hinge screws.\\nWith the door open, and starting with the top, see if the hinges and screws are still tightly embedded in the door and jamb. Use a screwdriver, not a drill, to tighten all the screws, but take care not to overtighten them. If the screws give your driver resistance and the hinges are securely in place, they’re tight. Overtightening could strip the holes or push the door further out of alignment.\\n2. Replacing and Adjusting Hardware\\n2-1. Look for and fill stripped holes.\\nIf you find a stripped hole, place a doorstop under the open door to hold the temporary drop of the weight. Remove the hinge with the stripped hole by removing the screws holding it in place from the door jamb and frame, and if necessary, from the door’s face. Dip an appropriately sized dowel into carpenter's glue and insert it into the hole – you can find these at any large hardware store. When the glue dries, predrill a hole with an appropriately sized bit, then replace the hinge and its screws.\\n2-2. Replace short hinge screws with longer ones.\\nIf you’ve gone through a basic check and tightened hinges, but your door still sags, your screws might not be long enough. Remove a screw from the top hinge. If it’s not 2 1/2 to 3 inches long, the screw won’t be able to reach the wall stud through the jamb and the door’s weight won’t be fully supported. Remove the old screws and pre-drill into the jamb and wall stud before replacing them with longer ones.\\nCheck the level of the door after replacing each screw.\\nWhen the longer screw catches the wall stud, it should pull the door inward. Make sure not to over-tighten.\\n2-3. Add shims between the hinge and the doorjamb.\\nMake shims with thin pieces of cardboard, wood, or playing cards to fit between the hinge and jamb and help align the hinge and door. Remove the appropriate hinge, often the top hinge, and trace and cut out its shape from your shim material. Use the thinnest materials possible so you can add layers to the hinge mortise one at a time until the door is level again.\\nYou might have to install shims on more than one hinge. This technique involves some guess and check work. Adding or subtracting shims until the door is square might be necessary after each shim adjustment.\\n2-4. Mortise the door hinge.\\nAlternatively, you can also “mortise” one or more of the hinges. For this, you’ll need to score an outline around your hinge before removing it. Then, once you’ve taken off the hinge, you’ll carve out a deeper new pocket with a chisel.\\nFirst, score the outline of the hinges you want to mortise with a utility knife. Remove the hinges.\\nTake the chisel and position it on the scored line perpendicular to the door jamb. Lightly tap the chisel to deepen the scoring a bit. Do the same around the whole perimeter.\\nOnce you’ve finished the perimeter, use the chisel to make a series of cuts about 1/8 inch apart. The mortise depth will depend in part on how much the door sags. You want to adjust it so the hinge is mounted flush with the door.\\nLast, hold the chisel flat and tap it to clear out the waste. Replace the hinge\\n3. Sanding or Planing the Door\\n3-1. Scribe the door.\\nIf you’ve tightened or replaced screws, filled stripped holes, and tried shims, but the door still sags, you’ll have to plane or sand. Scribing, or marking, the door will give you the line at which you stop removing wood by planing or sanding. First, use a carpenter’s compass to draw a line an 1/8 inch from the edge on the side of the door that rubs against the jamb. Trace the line with masking or painter’s tape to make it more visible.\\nA carpenter’s compass is the easiest tool to use, and is inexpensive. If one’s not handy, use a pencil and straightedge.\\nFix the masking tape to inside of the line you marked off: for example, if you scribed the left side of the door, fix the tape to the right side of the line.\\n3-2. Remove the door.\\nYou don’t need to bother with unscrewing the hinges from the door face. You’ll be sanding or planning the strike edge rather than the hinge, so just pop the hinge pins and remove the door. Take the door to an open area, like a garage, and store it on a level surface, like sawhorses or a worktable.\\n3-3. Sand or plane the scribed edge.\\nUsing a belt sander is a great option. For the first 1/16 inch, use an 80-grit sanding belt. Keep the sander moving so you don’t wear a hole in one spot. Switch to 150-grit for the second half, then a 120-grit belt when you’ve gotten to the line in order to smooth it out.\\nRemember, the humidity that causes the door to swell and stick at the bottom may disappear and leave the door too short during dry spells. Don’t remove too much of the door.\\nYou might reattach the door and find you haven’t planed enough, in which case you’ll have to repeat the process one or more times. Remember you can take away more door but you cannot put back what you’ve already removed, so sand carefully.\\nThe planer works faster than the belt sander. It also will make larger sawdust that you are less likely to breathe and easier to cleanup, because it does not float so far away in the air. You can also use the planer on the door, without removing it, if it sticks on the top side or the side of the knob.\\nIf you’re sanding the latch edge of the door, be sure to first remove the latch hardware. You may have to use a sharp chisel to dig out the latch hole so it doesn’t protrude from the door after planing. If it sticks out a bit, you can often sand or plane it down in place.\\n3-4. Refinish and repaint the sanded edge.\\nWhen you’ve determined that the door has been properly planed, remember to refinish and repaint the raw edge. Don’t do so until you’re sure you’ve finished sanding. A coat of varnish and paint will help prevent moisture from penetrating the wood, so you’ll be far less likely to have to fix a sag in the future.\\nTips\\nIt’s better to guess and check and repeat processes than to, for example, sand too much door or overtighten a screw. You could damage hardware or have to buy a new door and jamb.[9]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nChristopher LanierHandyman\\nExpert Interview. 25 August 2020.\\nFind a helper to make the work of manipulating the door easier\\nWarnings\\nBe careful when handling power tools and sharp objects.\\nWear protective goggles when using sanding equipment.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"From humidity, to loose screws, to a settling foundation, a variety of factors can cause a sagging door. A sagging position can create gaps, allowing drafts to blow through, or prevent it from lining up with the latch plate and closing correctly. The typical fix for a sagging door is to remove it from the frame, sand or plane, then refinish and repaint. However, this solution can be time consuming and a lot of work. Worse, if you sand or saw too much of the door during a humid season, you could be stuck with large gaps when it becomes less muggy. Before taking your door off its hinges, try some tricks to fix a sagging door, and potentially save time, work, and frustration.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Inspecting the Door, Hinges, and Frame\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the sagging door’s cause.\", \"描述\": \"Inspect the door from inside, or the side from where you can see the hinges. Locate the gaps and where the door is tight. It’s common in sagging doors for the hinge side at the bottom to be tighter against the frame. The opposite side, or strike side, is often gapped at the top and tight where the door meets the sill.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"See if the door and frame are level.\", \"描述\": \"Use a bubble level and carpenter’s square to determine if the door frame itself is level. Hold the bubble level against the door jamb’s left and right sides and top, and check to see if the bubble settles between the viewer’s two lines. You can hold the carpenter’s square, or steel square, to the door jamb’s four corners to determine if they deviate from 90 degrees.\\nYou might find that the door is level, but the frame is off square. If the frame is out of square, you might have other problems, like a shifted wall or settling foundation.\\nIn this situation, you might find planing to be your only solution.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check and tighten all hinge screws.\", \"描述\": \"With the door open, and starting with the top, see if the hinges and screws are still tightly embedded in the door and jamb. Use a screwdriver, not a drill, to tighten all the screws, but take care not to overtighten them. If the screws give your driver resistance and the hinges are securely in place, they’re tight. Overtightening could strip the holes or push the door further out of alignment.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Replacing and Adjusting Hardware\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look for and fill stripped holes.\", \"描述\": \"If you find a stripped hole, place a doorstop under the open door to hold the temporary drop of the weight. Remove the hinge with the stripped hole by removing the screws holding it in place from the door jamb and frame, and if necessary, from the door’s face. Dip an appropriately sized dowel into carpenter's glue and insert it into the hole – you can find these at any large hardware store. When the glue dries, predrill a hole with an appropriately sized bit, then replace the hinge and its screws.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Replace short hinge screws with longer ones.\", \"描述\": \"If you’ve gone through a basic check and tightened hinges, but your door still sags, your screws might not be long enough. Remove a screw from the top hinge. If it’s not 2 1/2 to 3 inches long, the screw won’t be able to reach the wall stud through the jamb and the door’s weight won’t be fully supported. Remove the old screws and pre-drill into the jamb and wall stud before replacing them with longer ones.\\nCheck the level of the door after replacing each screw.\\nWhen the longer screw catches the wall stud, it should pull the door inward. Make sure not to over-tighten.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Add shims between the hinge and the doorjamb.\", \"描述\": \"Make shims with thin pieces of cardboard, wood, or playing cards to fit between the hinge and jamb and help align the hinge and door. Remove the appropriate hinge, often the top hinge, and trace and cut out its shape from your shim material. Use the thinnest materials possible so you can add layers to the hinge mortise one at a time until the door is level again.\\nYou might have to install shims on more than one hinge. This technique involves some guess and check work. Adding or subtracting shims until the door is square might be necessary after each shim adjustment.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Mortise the door hinge.\", \"描述\": \"Alternatively, you can also “mortise” one or more of the hinges. For this, you’ll need to score an outline around your hinge before removing it. Then, once you’ve taken off the hinge, you’ll carve out a deeper new pocket with a chisel.\\nFirst, score the outline of the hinges you want to mortise with a utility knife. Remove the hinges.\\nTake the chisel and position it on the scored line perpendicular to the door jamb. Lightly tap the chisel to deepen the scoring a bit. Do the same around the whole perimeter.\\nOnce you’ve finished the perimeter, use the chisel to make a series of cuts about 1/8 inch apart. The mortise depth will depend in part on how much the door sags. You want to adjust it so the hinge is mounted flush with the door.\\nLast, hold the chisel flat and tap it to clear out the waste. Replace the hinge\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sanding or Planing the Door\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Scribe the door.\", \"描述\": \"If you’ve tightened or replaced screws, filled stripped holes, and tried shims, but the door still sags, you’ll have to plane or sand. Scribing, or marking, the door will give you the line at which you stop removing wood by planing or sanding. First, use a carpenter’s compass to draw a line an 1/8 inch from the edge on the side of the door that rubs against the jamb. Trace the line with masking or painter’s tape to make it more visible.\\nA carpenter’s compass is the easiest tool to use, and is inexpensive. If one’s not handy, use a pencil and straightedge.\\nFix the masking tape to inside of the line you marked off: for example, if you scribed the left side of the door, fix the tape to the right side of the line.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remove the door.\", \"描述\": \"You don’t need to bother with unscrewing the hinges from the door face. You’ll be sanding or planning the strike edge rather than the hinge, so just pop the hinge pins and remove the door. Take the door to an open area, like a garage, and store it on a level surface, like sawhorses or a worktable.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sand or plane the scribed edge.\", \"描述\": \"Using a belt sander is a great option. For the first 1/16 inch, use an 80-grit sanding belt. Keep the sander moving so you don’t wear a hole in one spot. Switch to 150-grit for the second half, then a 120-grit belt when you’ve gotten to the line in order to smooth it out.\\nRemember, the humidity that causes the door to swell and stick at the bottom may disappear and leave the door too short during dry spells. Don’t remove too much of the door.\\nYou might reattach the door and find you haven’t planed enough, in which case you’ll have to repeat the process one or more times. Remember you can take away more door but you cannot put back what you’ve already removed, so sand carefully.\\nThe planer works faster than the belt sander. It also will make larger sawdust that you are less likely to breathe and easier to cleanup, because it does not float so far away in the air. You can also use the planer on the door, without removing it, if it sticks on the top side or the side of the knob.\\nIf you’re sanding the latch edge of the door, be sure to first remove the latch hardware. You may have to use a sharp chisel to dig out the latch hole so it doesn’t protrude from the door after planing. If it sticks out a bit, you can often sand or plane it down in place.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Refinish and repaint the sanded edge.\", \"描述\": \"When you’ve determined that the door has been properly planed, remember to refinish and repaint the raw edge. Don’t do so until you’re sure you’ve finished sanding. A coat of varnish and paint will help prevent moisture from penetrating the wood, so you’ll be far less likely to have to fix a sag in the future.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"It’s better to guess and check and repeat processes than to, for example, sand too much door or overtighten a screw. You could damage hardware or have to buy a new door and jamb.[9]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nChristopher LanierHandyman\\nExpert Interview. 25 August 2020.\\n\", \"Find a helper to make the work of manipulating the door easier\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be careful when handling power tools and sharp objects.\\n\", \"Wear protective goggles when using sanding equipment.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,421
How to Adjust a Shimano Front Derailleur
1. Adjusting the Height and Angle of the Front Derailleur 1-1. Make sure your derailleur sits at the correct height. The derailleur should fall around 1 to 3 millimetres (0.039 to 0.118 in) above the large chain ring. When the derailleur cage sits too far above the chainring, this can cause the bike to shift poorly. If it is too far below, the derailleur will rub against the chain rings. Fixing the height is a subtle adjustment, based on a difference of millimeters. You will need to be precise. Having your bike on a repair stand can make this work easier. You can use a penny to try and estimate if you have adjusted to the right height, as a penny is 1.5 millimetres (0.059 in) thick. 1-2. Adjust the height with the positioning clamp. This clamp is what connects the derailleur to the frame of your bike. Loosen the derailleur clamp bolt by turning it clockwise and adjust the height as necessary. Then, tighten the bolt back up. This should be done while your bike is on its lowest gear so that there is not too much tension on the inner wire. 1-3. Check to make sure the derailleur cage is at the right height. Shift to your middle front chainring and see if the cage is sitting properly. If not, shift back into low gear and re-adjust the height with the positioning clamp. 1-4. Check to see if the angle of the derailleur is parallel to the chainrings. The derailleur cage and the chainrings should be parallel. If they are not, you will have to make adjustments. It is easier to see what adjustments you have to make while you are looking down at the derailleur from above. Envision an alignment between the center of the cage and the centerline of the bike frame. 1-5. Readjust the bolt to the correct positioning. Loosen the bolt that is attaching the frame of the bike to the derailleur. Shift to the lowest gear of the bike and turn the derailleur to the right position. Once you have the angle set in the proper place, you can tighten the positioning clamp. 1-6. Loosen the front derailleur barrel adjuster. Turn the barrel adjuster completely clockwise in order to release tension in the cable. This can be readjusted later on. 2. Making Limit Screw Adjustments 2-1. Set the inner limit screw to prevent the derailleur cage from moving past the inner chainring. Shift the rear derailleur into the largest cog in the back and front derailleur into the smallest cog. Using a screwdriver, twist the inner limit screw until the inner part of the cage is as close to the chain as possible without touching it. You can try spinning the crank to make sure the chain is not catching. The inner screw of the derailleur is usually the one closer to the frame that controls the lower limit. This screw is sometimes marked as "L." 2-2. Adjust cable tension. Loosen the cable that is attached to the derailleur at the anchor bolt. Tighten this cable as much as possible and then make the anchor bolt tight again. It can be helpful to use needle nose pliers while doing this, but you don't have to. 2-3. Set the outer limit screw to stop the derailleur cage from moving past the outer chainring. Shift the front derailleur up into the largest chainring and the rear derailleur into the smallest cog. Turn the outer limit screw with a screwdriver until the outer derailleur cage is as close to the chain as possible without touching it. Setting this limit will make sure that the chain does not over-shift and fall out again. The outer or second screw is the one that controls how far the derailleur shifts outwardly. This screw is sometimes marked as "H." 3. Making Sure the Derailleur Works Properly 3-1. Test to see if the derailleur is shifting correctly. Shift through the whole range of gears on your bike. The derailleur should be able to shift into small and large chainrings without rubbing on the chain. 3-2. Use the barrel adjuster to tweak the position of the derailleur. Try twisting the barrel adjuster a few quarters of a turn counterclockwise to fine-tune the position. This will increase the tension so that it shifts into the larger chainring. If you can push the derailleur out, it can mean your cable tension is not right. Turn the barrel adjuster to fix this. 3-3. Start trimming while you are riding. Trimming means making small adjustments while you are riding your bike. Doing this will help to protect the chain from rubbing against the derailleur. This will prevent the derailleur from coming out of alignment again. Shimano bicycles come with a half-click on the lever so that you can make these adjustments easily. 3-4. Ride your bicycle as you normally would. Things should be running smoothly now! If the derailleur becomes misaligned again, you may have to do a more thorough job in fixing it next time. If you feel like you can´t fix it yourself, you can ask a bike mechanic for help. Tips It is helpful to lubricate the pivot point of the front derailleur, as well as the inner wires.[18] X Research source It´s possible that there will be slight friction between the front derailleur and the chain even on properly adjusted bikes, especially if you tend to ride your bike on the highest gear.[19] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:18", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting the Height and Angle of the Front Derailleur\\n1-1. Make sure your derailleur sits at the correct height.\\nThe derailleur should fall around 1 to 3 millimetres (0.039 to 0.118 in) above the large chain ring. When the derailleur cage sits too far above the chainring, this can cause the bike to shift poorly. If it is too far below, the derailleur will rub against the chain rings.\\nFixing the height is a subtle adjustment, based on a difference of millimeters. You will need to be precise. Having your bike on a repair stand can make this work easier.\\nYou can use a penny to try and estimate if you have adjusted to the right height, as a penny is 1.5 millimetres (0.059 in) thick.\\n1-2. Adjust the height with the positioning clamp.\\nThis clamp is what connects the derailleur to the frame of your bike. Loosen the derailleur clamp bolt by turning it clockwise and adjust the height as necessary. Then, tighten the bolt back up.\\nThis should be done while your bike is on its lowest gear so that there is not too much tension on the inner wire.\\n1-3. Check to make sure the derailleur cage is at the right height.\\nShift to your middle front chainring and see if the cage is sitting properly. If not, shift back into low gear and re-adjust the height with the positioning clamp.\\n1-4. Check to see if the angle of the derailleur is parallel to the chainrings.\\nThe derailleur cage and the chainrings should be parallel. If they are not, you will have to make adjustments.\\nIt is easier to see what adjustments you have to make while you are looking down at the derailleur from above. Envision an alignment between the center of the cage and the centerline of the bike frame.\\n1-5. Readjust the bolt to the correct positioning.\\nLoosen the bolt that is attaching the frame of the bike to the derailleur. Shift to the lowest gear of the bike and turn the derailleur to the right position.\\nOnce you have the angle set in the proper place, you can tighten the positioning clamp.\\n1-6. Loosen the front derailleur barrel adjuster.\\nTurn the barrel adjuster completely clockwise in order to release tension in the cable. This can be readjusted later on.\\n2. Making Limit Screw Adjustments\\n2-1. Set the inner limit screw to prevent the derailleur cage from moving past the inner chainring.\\nShift the rear derailleur into the largest cog in the back and front derailleur into the smallest cog. Using a screwdriver, twist the inner limit screw until the inner part of the cage is as close to the chain as possible without touching it.\\nYou can try spinning the crank to make sure the chain is not catching.\\nThe inner screw of the derailleur is usually the one closer to the frame that controls the lower limit. This screw is sometimes marked as \\\"L.\\\"\\n2-2. Adjust cable tension.\\nLoosen the cable that is attached to the derailleur at the anchor bolt. Tighten this cable as much as possible and then make the anchor bolt tight again. It can be helpful to use needle nose pliers while doing this, but you don't have to.\\n2-3. Set the outer limit screw to stop the derailleur cage from moving past the outer chainring.\\nShift the front derailleur up into the largest chainring and the rear derailleur into the smallest cog. Turn the outer limit screw with a screwdriver until the outer derailleur cage is as close to the chain as possible without touching it.\\nSetting this limit will make sure that the chain does not over-shift and fall out again.\\nThe outer or second screw is the one that controls how far the derailleur shifts outwardly. This screw is sometimes marked as \\\"H.\\\"\\n3. Making Sure the Derailleur Works Properly\\n3-1. Test to see if the derailleur is shifting correctly.\\nShift through the whole range of gears on your bike. The derailleur should be able to shift into small and large chainrings without rubbing on the chain.\\n3-2. Use the barrel adjuster to tweak the position of the derailleur.\\nTry twisting the barrel adjuster a few quarters of a turn counterclockwise to fine-tune the position. This will increase the tension so that it shifts into the larger chainring.\\nIf you can push the derailleur out, it can mean your cable tension is not right. Turn the barrel adjuster to fix this.\\n3-3. Start trimming while you are riding.\\nTrimming means making small adjustments while you are riding your bike. Doing this will help to protect the chain from rubbing against the derailleur. This will prevent the derailleur from coming out of alignment again.\\nShimano bicycles come with a half-click on the lever so that you can make these adjustments easily.\\n3-4. Ride your bicycle as you normally would.\\nThings should be running smoothly now! If the derailleur becomes misaligned again, you may have to do a more thorough job in fixing it next time.\\nIf you feel like you can´t fix it yourself, you can ask a bike mechanic for help.\\nTips\\nIt is helpful to lubricate the pivot point of the front derailleur, as well as the inner wires.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIt´s possible that there will be slight friction between the front derailleur and the chain even on properly adjusted bikes, especially if you tend to ride your bike on the highest gear.[19]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Any Shimano cyclist knows how frustrating it is to be unable to shift gears just as you are coming to an important point of your ride. The culprit is more often than not a maladjusted front derailleur. When the front derailleur comes out of alignment, it prevents the chain in the bicycle from moving between higher and lower gears. There is no need to panic if this happens and it is actually something that you can fix on your own! All you need is a Phillips screwdriver and about 20 minutes.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Height and Angle of the Front Derailleur\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure your derailleur sits at the correct height.\", \"描述\": \"The derailleur should fall around 1 to 3 millimetres (0.039 to 0.118 in) above the large chain ring. When the derailleur cage sits too far above the chainring, this can cause the bike to shift poorly. If it is too far below, the derailleur will rub against the chain rings.\\nFixing the height is a subtle adjustment, based on a difference of millimeters. You will need to be precise. Having your bike on a repair stand can make this work easier.\\nYou can use a penny to try and estimate if you have adjusted to the right height, as a penny is 1.5 millimetres (0.059 in) thick.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjust the height with the positioning clamp.\", \"描述\": \"This clamp is what connects the derailleur to the frame of your bike. Loosen the derailleur clamp bolt by turning it clockwise and adjust the height as necessary. Then, tighten the bolt back up.\\nThis should be done while your bike is on its lowest gear so that there is not too much tension on the inner wire.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check to make sure the derailleur cage is at the right height.\", \"描述\": \"Shift to your middle front chainring and see if the cage is sitting properly. If not, shift back into low gear and re-adjust the height with the positioning clamp.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Check to see if the angle of the derailleur is parallel to the chainrings.\", \"描述\": \"The derailleur cage and the chainrings should be parallel. If they are not, you will have to make adjustments.\\nIt is easier to see what adjustments you have to make while you are looking down at the derailleur from above. Envision an alignment between the center of the cage and the centerline of the bike frame.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Readjust the bolt to the correct positioning.\", \"描述\": \"Loosen the bolt that is attaching the frame of the bike to the derailleur. Shift to the lowest gear of the bike and turn the derailleur to the right position.\\nOnce you have the angle set in the proper place, you can tighten the positioning clamp.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Loosen the front derailleur barrel adjuster.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the barrel adjuster completely clockwise in order to release tension in the cable. This can be readjusted later on.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Making Limit Screw Adjustments\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set the inner limit screw to prevent the derailleur cage from moving past the inner chainring.\", \"描述\": \"Shift the rear derailleur into the largest cog in the back and front derailleur into the smallest cog. Using a screwdriver, twist the inner limit screw until the inner part of the cage is as close to the chain as possible without touching it.\\nYou can try spinning the crank to make sure the chain is not catching.\\nThe inner screw of the derailleur is usually the one closer to the frame that controls the lower limit. This screw is sometimes marked as \\\"L.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjust cable tension.\", \"描述\": \"Loosen the cable that is attached to the derailleur at the anchor bolt. Tighten this cable as much as possible and then make the anchor bolt tight again. It can be helpful to use needle nose pliers while doing this, but you don't have to.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set the outer limit screw to stop the derailleur cage from moving past the outer chainring.\", \"描述\": \"Shift the front derailleur up into the largest chainring and the rear derailleur into the smallest cog. Turn the outer limit screw with a screwdriver until the outer derailleur cage is as close to the chain as possible without touching it.\\nSetting this limit will make sure that the chain does not over-shift and fall out again.\\nThe outer or second screw is the one that controls how far the derailleur shifts outwardly. This screw is sometimes marked as \\\"H.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Making Sure the Derailleur Works Properly\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Test to see if the derailleur is shifting correctly.\", \"描述\": \"Shift through the whole range of gears on your bike. The derailleur should be able to shift into small and large chainrings without rubbing on the chain.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use the barrel adjuster to tweak the position of the derailleur.\", \"描述\": \"Try twisting the barrel adjuster a few quarters of a turn counterclockwise to fine-tune the position. This will increase the tension so that it shifts into the larger chainring.\\nIf you can push the derailleur out, it can mean your cable tension is not right. Turn the barrel adjuster to fix this.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start trimming while you are riding.\", \"描述\": \"Trimming means making small adjustments while you are riding your bike. Doing this will help to protect the chain from rubbing against the derailleur. This will prevent the derailleur from coming out of alignment again.\\nShimano bicycles come with a half-click on the lever so that you can make these adjustments easily.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ride your bicycle as you normally would.\", \"描述\": \"Things should be running smoothly now! If the derailleur becomes misaligned again, you may have to do a more thorough job in fixing it next time.\\nIf you feel like you can´t fix it yourself, you can ask a bike mechanic for help.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"It is helpful to lubricate the pivot point of the front derailleur, as well as the inner wires.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"It´s possible that there will be slight friction between the front derailleur and the chain even on properly adjusted bikes, especially if you tend to ride your bike on the highest gear.[19]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,422
How to Adjust a Sliding Screen Door
1. Clearing a Dirty Track 1-1. Inspect the track for debris causing the door to stick. Slide the door back as far as you can. Over time, debris fills the track, preventing the door from moving smoothly or even at all. It can also cause the wheels to come off the track. Fortunately, the debris is easy to spot by looking at the track and seeing if anything is inside of it. To keep a screen door working, set aside time to clean the track at least once every 6 months. 1-2. Clean gunk out of the track with a stiff brush. Use a wire brush to pull the debris out of the frame. Remove as much of it as you can before testing the door again. You don't need to use any water to clear out the track, but dipping the brush in a little bit of clean or soapy water sometimes helps loosen stubborn debris. Most home improvement centers sell wire brushes. If you’re unable to find one, try using an old toothbrush instead. 1-3. Sweep or vacuum up the remaining debris in the track. Clear out the remaining gunk with a small, handheld vacuum. If you can, use a crevice attachment to get more suction in the tight track space. Otherwise, sweep as much of the debris away from the door as possible, then scoop it up and throw it away. You may need to brush and vacuum out the door frame a few times before the screen door works the way you want it to. Test it on occasion to ensure it works properly. 1-4. Try to slide the door on the track to see if you fixed the issue. If the screen door still doesn’t work after cleaning the track, you should check out the rollers/wheels and the door frame next. The problem may originate in one of those locations. Debris in the tracks is often a sign that the wheels need to be cleaned as well. 2. Cleaning a Door’s Wheels 2-1. Pull back the track to inspect the wheels for debris. Dirty wheels may stop rotating, preventing the door from moving with ease. Locate the wheels along the top and bottom edges of the door by gently pulling the edges of the track away from it. Check for rust and debris, but also watch to see if the wheels spin when you move the door. If the wheels look like they are in bad shape, consider taking the door down to give them a thorough cleaning. If they look damaged, you may need to replace them. 2-2. Loosen the tension screws to make the door easier to remove. Find the pair of tension screws on the inner part of the frame. They will be close to the corners, over the wheels. Use a Phillips head screwdriver to turn them counterclockwise. Once the door is loose, it will be unsteady in its tracks but won’t fall. Touch it to see if it feels steady in the tracks or loose and ready to be removed. Note that the wheels are difficult to reach without removing the door from its tracks. You may be able to pull up the tracks to reach the wheels with a small brush or at least a little bit of penetrating oil. 2-3. Push the door up against the frame to remove it. Hold onto the left and right sides of the door. Attempt to raise the door up slowly. If it has been sufficiently loosened, the bottom edge of the door will disengage from the track. Lower the door toward you to detach it from the top track. Most screen doors aren’t too difficult to remove, but take it slowly. Be careful not to bend the door at all. If you’re planning on reusing the door, any damage to the frame could prevent it from working properly. 2-4. Unlock the wheels with a screwdriver if you can’t remove the door. Some types of sliding screen doors take a little more effort but still aren’t too difficult to remove. To force the lower wheels off the track, stick the tip of a flathead screwdriver under them. Then, pry them up gently until they pop off the track. Once both wheels are off, you can lift the door out of the frame and set it aside. Be gentle with the door, especially around the corners. Bending them could cause more problems. Bent corners have to be straightened out in order for the door to move along its tracks. 2-5. Scrub the wheels with a wire brush to remove debris. Debris often prevents the wheels from sliding across the track as smoothly as you would like. Scrape off as much debris as possible. You don’t need to use soap or water, although you could try dipping the brush in a little bit of water to treat stubborn dirt. Clean off each pair of wheels on the top and bottom edge of the door. If you don’t have a wire brush, you could try using an old toothbrush moistened in a little bit of water. However, it isn’t as effective as using a wire brush. Make sure the track is clean as well, or else the wheels will get dirty again as soon as you put the door back in place! Scrape out and vacuum up as much of it as you can. 2-6. Lubricate the wheels with a penetrating oil or a similar product. WD-40 is the most common option you can get, although there are many other choices out there. Once the wheels look spic and span, hold the canister nozzle close to them to coat them in in the oil. Remember that screen doors have 4 wheels in total to treat, or a pair on both its top and bottom edges. Silicone sprays are an example of an alternative lubricant you could use. Try using sprays meant for garage door rollers. They can be more effective at keeping debris off the wheels. 2-7. Fit the door back on its track to test it. To reinstall the screen door, focus on the upper wheels first. Push them into the upper track, then set the door on top of the lower track. Turn the tension screws clockwise until the door is secure and well-aligned with the strike on the frame. Then, test out the door to see if it works much better than before! You may need to use the tension springs a few times to get the door right where you want it. Turn them clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower it. If the door still doesn’t work well, it most likely needs to be repaired. Straightening the frame or replacing the wheels could help you adjust it. 3. Adjusting Tension Screws to Balance the Door 3-1. Slide the door along the track to see if it is aligned correctly. If the screen door is hard to slide, the tension could be the issue. Close the door again and see if you notice a gap between the edge and the frame. Also, make sure the door lines up with the strike plate on the door frame so you are able to lock it without a problem. Always check to see if the track is clear first. A dirty track could prevent the door from moving smoothly. Dirty or rusty wheels could also be a problem, so lift the edges of the track to check them as well. The strike plate is the metal faceplate meant to connect to the door’s latch. It will be ahead of the front edge of the door and inside the frame. 3-2. Look for the tension screws inside the door frame. The screws could be inside the top or bottom edge of the frame. Your door will typically have 4 of these screws, with one in each corner. They are always over the wheels and require a Phillips head screwdriver to turn. The screws are pretty easy to locate. They are always accessible outside of the frame. 3-3. Turn the tension screws to raise and lower the door. Rotate the screws clockwise to raise the door or counterclockwise to lower it. The screws usually aren’t difficult to rotate, but you could lubricate them with a penetrating oil if they appear rusty. Let them soak for up to 15 minutes, tap them with a hammer, and then try again. Slide the door along the track a few times when you’re done adjusting it. You may need to adjust it a few times to get it positioned in the perfect spot. 4. Repairing a Door that Comes off Its Tracks 4-1. Remove the screen door from its frame. Loosen the screws along the inner part of the frame by turning them counterclockwise. Once the screen feels loose, push it up to disengage the wheels from the lower track. Then, pull the door toward you to finish the removal process. If the door is stuck, check the wheels to see if you need to pry them off the track with a flathead screwdriver. Handle the door carefully to avoid bending it as you remove it from the frame. 4-2. Straighten out the frame by hand if it appears bent. A bent screen door won’t be able to slide properly along the track. To fix it, lay the door down on a flat surface. Check the corners to see if they are bowed, then gently push them in the opposite direction to straighten them out again. Try to make them as level as possible with the door to ensure they don’t get caught up in the tracks. Screen doors are fairly flexible, so they don’t take a ton of force to bend. It’s best to do it slowly with your hands so you don’t end up damaging the door further. 4-3. Remove the tension screws if you need to replace the wheels. Replace the wheels if they look broken or no longer turn when you slide the screen door. As long as you have a Phillips head screwdriver, they aren’t too difficult to swap out. Turn the screws counterclockwise until you are able to slide the wheels off of the door. Make sure you remove every broken wheel if you don’t plan on replacing all 4 of them at the same time. Save the broken wheels to take with you to a hardware store. Use them to get similar replacement wheels. If you aren’t able to find what you need, search online or contact the screen door manufacturer. Keep in mind that sometimes adjusting the screws to the right tension can help the wheels stay on the track. If you haven’t tried it yet, it’s worth trying before removing the door. 4-4. Install the replacement wheels into the slots on the door. Slide the top part of the wheel assembly into the opening on the door frame. The top part of the assembly has a hole in it that aligns with the screw hole on the frame. Once you have them aligned, slide a tension screw in and turn it clockwise to lock the wheel in place. Make sure the screw holes align. If the screw won’t go all the way in, it is probably because the wheel isn’t positioned in the right spot. 4-5. Reinstall the door to test the replacement wheels. Lift up the door, then push the top pair of wheels into the upper track. Afterward, position the door on the lower track. Slide the door back and forth a few times to make sure all the wheels are rolling. Use the tension screws as needed to fine-tune the adjustment. Keep adjusting the tension screws until the door’s latch aligns with the strike on the frame. Turn them clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower it. Tips To keep screen doors working properly, keep the wheels and tracks clean. Set aside time about once every 6 months to refresh and lubricate them. The track the screen door slides through does not need to be lubricated. Lubricating it actually attracts more dirt, meaning more cleaning! If you are unable to adjust the door to make it work properly, you could always replace it with a new one. Once you know how to remove the old door, installing a new one isn’t a challenge!
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:18", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Clearing a Dirty Track\\n1-1. Inspect the track for debris causing the door to stick.\\nSlide the door back as far as you can. Over time, debris fills the track, preventing the door from moving smoothly or even at all. It can also cause the wheels to come off the track. Fortunately, the debris is easy to spot by looking at the track and seeing if anything is inside of it.\\nTo keep a screen door working, set aside time to clean the track at least once every 6 months.\\n1-2. Clean gunk out of the track with a stiff brush.\\nUse a wire brush to pull the debris out of the frame. Remove as much of it as you can before testing the door again. You don't need to use any water to clear out the track, but dipping the brush in a little bit of clean or soapy water sometimes helps loosen stubborn debris.\\nMost home improvement centers sell wire brushes. If you’re unable to find one, try using an old toothbrush instead.\\n1-3. Sweep or vacuum up the remaining debris in the track.\\nClear out the remaining gunk with a small, handheld vacuum. If you can, use a crevice attachment to get more suction in the tight track space. Otherwise, sweep as much of the debris away from the door as possible, then scoop it up and throw it away.\\nYou may need to brush and vacuum out the door frame a few times before the screen door works the way you want it to. Test it on occasion to ensure it works properly.\\n1-4. Try to slide the door on the track to see if you fixed the issue.\\nIf the screen door still doesn’t work after cleaning the track, you should check out the rollers/wheels and the door frame next. The problem may originate in one of those locations.\\nDebris in the tracks is often a sign that the wheels need to be cleaned as well.\\n2. Cleaning a Door’s Wheels\\n2-1. Pull back the track to inspect the wheels for debris.\\nDirty wheels may stop rotating, preventing the door from moving with ease. Locate the wheels along the top and bottom edges of the door by gently pulling the edges of the track away from it. Check for rust and debris, but also watch to see if the wheels spin when you move the door.\\nIf the wheels look like they are in bad shape, consider taking the door down to give them a thorough cleaning. If they look damaged, you may need to replace them.\\n2-2. Loosen the tension screws to make the door easier to remove.\\nFind the pair of tension screws on the inner part of the frame. They will be close to the corners, over the wheels. Use a Phillips head screwdriver to turn them counterclockwise.\\nOnce the door is loose, it will be unsteady in its tracks but won’t fall. Touch it to see if it feels steady in the tracks or loose and ready to be removed.\\nNote that the wheels are difficult to reach without removing the door from its tracks. You may be able to pull up the tracks to reach the wheels with a small brush or at least a little bit of penetrating oil.\\n2-3. Push the door up against the frame to remove it.\\nHold onto the left and right sides of the door. Attempt to raise the door up slowly. If it has been sufficiently loosened, the bottom edge of the door will disengage from the track. Lower the door toward you to detach it from the top track.\\nMost screen doors aren’t too difficult to remove, but take it slowly. Be careful not to bend the door at all. If you’re planning on reusing the door, any damage to the frame could prevent it from working properly.\\n2-4. Unlock the wheels with a screwdriver if you can’t remove the door.\\nSome types of sliding screen doors take a little more effort but still aren’t too difficult to remove. To force the lower wheels off the track, stick the tip of a flathead screwdriver under them. Then, pry them up gently until they pop off the track. Once both wheels are off, you can lift the door out of the frame and set it aside.\\nBe gentle with the door, especially around the corners. Bending them could cause more problems. Bent corners have to be straightened out in order for the door to move along its tracks.\\n2-5. Scrub the wheels with a wire brush to remove debris.\\nDebris often prevents the wheels from sliding across the track as smoothly as you would like. Scrape off as much debris as possible. You don’t need to use soap or water, although you could try dipping the brush in a little bit of water to treat stubborn dirt. Clean off each pair of wheels on the top and bottom edge of the door.\\nIf you don’t have a wire brush, you could try using an old toothbrush moistened in a little bit of water. However, it isn’t as effective as using a wire brush.\\nMake sure the track is clean as well, or else the wheels will get dirty again as soon as you put the door back in place! Scrape out and vacuum up as much of it as you can.\\n2-6. Lubricate the wheels with a penetrating oil or a similar product.\\nWD-40 is the most common option you can get, although there are many other choices out there. Once the wheels look spic and span, hold the canister nozzle close to them to coat them in in the oil. Remember that screen doors have 4 wheels in total to treat, or a pair on both its top and bottom edges.\\nSilicone sprays are an example of an alternative lubricant you could use. Try using sprays meant for garage door rollers. They can be more effective at keeping debris off the wheels.\\n2-7. Fit the door back on its track to test it.\\nTo reinstall the screen door, focus on the upper wheels first. Push them into the upper track, then set the door on top of the lower track. Turn the tension screws clockwise until the door is secure and well-aligned with the strike on the frame. Then, test out the door to see if it works much better than before!\\nYou may need to use the tension springs a few times to get the door right where you want it. Turn them clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower it.\\nIf the door still doesn’t work well, it most likely needs to be repaired. Straightening the frame or replacing the wheels could help you adjust it.\\n3. Adjusting Tension Screws to Balance the Door\\n3-1. Slide the door along the track to see if it is aligned correctly.\\nIf the screen door is hard to slide, the tension could be the issue. Close the door again and see if you notice a gap between the edge and the frame. Also, make sure the door lines up with the strike plate on the door frame so you are able to lock it without a problem.\\nAlways check to see if the track is clear first. A dirty track could prevent the door from moving smoothly. Dirty or rusty wheels could also be a problem, so lift the edges of the track to check them as well.\\nThe strike plate is the metal faceplate meant to connect to the door’s latch. It will be ahead of the front edge of the door and inside the frame.\\n3-2. Look for the tension screws inside the door frame.\\nThe screws could be inside the top or bottom edge of the frame. Your door will typically have 4 of these screws, with one in each corner. They are always over the wheels and require a Phillips head screwdriver to turn.\\nThe screws are pretty easy to locate. They are always accessible outside of the frame.\\n3-3. Turn the tension screws to raise and lower the door.\\nRotate the screws clockwise to raise the door or counterclockwise to lower it. The screws usually aren’t difficult to rotate, but you could lubricate them with a penetrating oil if they appear rusty. Let them soak for up to 15 minutes, tap them with a hammer, and then try again.\\nSlide the door along the track a few times when you’re done adjusting it. You may need to adjust it a few times to get it positioned in the perfect spot.\\n4. Repairing a Door that Comes off Its Tracks\\n4-1. Remove the screen door from its frame.\\nLoosen the screws along the inner part of the frame by turning them counterclockwise. Once the screen feels loose, push it up to disengage the wheels from the lower track. Then, pull the door toward you to finish the removal process. If the door is stuck, check the wheels to see if you need to pry them off the track with a flathead screwdriver.\\nHandle the door carefully to avoid bending it as you remove it from the frame.\\n4-2. Straighten out the frame by hand if it appears bent.\\nA bent screen door won’t be able to slide properly along the track. To fix it, lay the door down on a flat surface. Check the corners to see if they are bowed, then gently push them in the opposite direction to straighten them out again. Try to make them as level as possible with the door to ensure they don’t get caught up in the tracks.\\nScreen doors are fairly flexible, so they don’t take a ton of force to bend. It’s best to do it slowly with your hands so you don’t end up damaging the door further.\\n4-3. Remove the tension screws if you need to replace the wheels.\\nReplace the wheels if they look broken or no longer turn when you slide the screen door. As long as you have a Phillips head screwdriver, they aren’t too difficult to swap out. Turn the screws counterclockwise until you are able to slide the wheels off of the door. Make sure you remove every broken wheel if you don’t plan on replacing all 4 of them at the same time.\\nSave the broken wheels to take with you to a hardware store. Use them to get similar replacement wheels. If you aren’t able to find what you need, search online or contact the screen door manufacturer.\\nKeep in mind that sometimes adjusting the screws to the right tension can help the wheels stay on the track. If you haven’t tried it yet, it’s worth trying before removing the door.\\n4-4. Install the replacement wheels into the slots on the door.\\nSlide the top part of the wheel assembly into the opening on the door frame. The top part of the assembly has a hole in it that aligns with the screw hole on the frame. Once you have them aligned, slide a tension screw in and turn it clockwise to lock the wheel in place.\\nMake sure the screw holes align. If the screw won’t go all the way in, it is probably because the wheel isn’t positioned in the right spot.\\n4-5. Reinstall the door to test the replacement wheels.\\nLift up the door, then push the top pair of wheels into the upper track. Afterward, position the door on the lower track. Slide the door back and forth a few times to make sure all the wheels are rolling. Use the tension screws as needed to fine-tune the adjustment.\\nKeep adjusting the tension screws until the door’s latch aligns with the strike on the frame. Turn them clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower it.\\nTips\\nTo keep screen doors working properly, keep the wheels and tracks clean. Set aside time about once every 6 months to refresh and lubricate them.\\nThe track the screen door slides through does not need to be lubricated. Lubricating it actually attracts more dirt, meaning more cleaning!\\nIf you are unable to adjust the door to make it work properly, you could always replace it with a new one. Once you know how to remove the old door, installing a new one isn’t a challenge!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Sliding screen doors are a great way to let fresh air and light into your home without leaving it completely open. Screen doors fall out of alignment or even break down over time, but fortunately they are not difficult to adjust. Most problems are from dirty tracks or wheels. Screen doors also have tension screws you can use to change the door's position. If that doesn't work, check for damaged wheels that need to be replaced. After a successful adjustment, your door will glide along its tracks almost as well as it did when it was first installed.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Clearing a Dirty Track\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Inspect the track for debris causing the door to stick.\", \"描述\": \"Slide the door back as far as you can. Over time, debris fills the track, preventing the door from moving smoothly or even at all. It can also cause the wheels to come off the track. Fortunately, the debris is easy to spot by looking at the track and seeing if anything is inside of it.\\nTo keep a screen door working, set aside time to clean the track at least once every 6 months.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Clean gunk out of the track with a stiff brush.\", \"描述\": \"Use a wire brush to pull the debris out of the frame. Remove as much of it as you can before testing the door again. You don't need to use any water to clear out the track, but dipping the brush in a little bit of clean or soapy water sometimes helps loosen stubborn debris.\\nMost home improvement centers sell wire brushes. If you’re unable to find one, try using an old toothbrush instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sweep or vacuum up the remaining debris in the track.\", \"描述\": \"Clear out the remaining gunk with a small, handheld vacuum. If you can, use a crevice attachment to get more suction in the tight track space. Otherwise, sweep as much of the debris away from the door as possible, then scoop it up and throw it away.\\nYou may need to brush and vacuum out the door frame a few times before the screen door works the way you want it to. Test it on occasion to ensure it works properly.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Try to slide the door on the track to see if you fixed the issue.\", \"描述\": \"If the screen door still doesn’t work after cleaning the track, you should check out the rollers/wheels and the door frame next. The problem may originate in one of those locations.\\nDebris in the tracks is often a sign that the wheels need to be cleaned as well.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Cleaning a Door’s Wheels\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pull back the track to inspect the wheels for debris.\", \"描述\": \"Dirty wheels may stop rotating, preventing the door from moving with ease. Locate the wheels along the top and bottom edges of the door by gently pulling the edges of the track away from it. Check for rust and debris, but also watch to see if the wheels spin when you move the door.\\nIf the wheels look like they are in bad shape, consider taking the door down to give them a thorough cleaning. If they look damaged, you may need to replace them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Loosen the tension screws to make the door easier to remove.\", \"描述\": \"Find the pair of tension screws on the inner part of the frame. They will be close to the corners, over the wheels. Use a Phillips head screwdriver to turn them counterclockwise.\\nOnce the door is loose, it will be unsteady in its tracks but won’t fall. Touch it to see if it feels steady in the tracks or loose and ready to be removed.\\nNote that the wheels are difficult to reach without removing the door from its tracks. You may be able to pull up the tracks to reach the wheels with a small brush or at least a little bit of penetrating oil.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Push the door up against the frame to remove it.\", \"描述\": \"Hold onto the left and right sides of the door. Attempt to raise the door up slowly. If it has been sufficiently loosened, the bottom edge of the door will disengage from the track. Lower the door toward you to detach it from the top track.\\nMost screen doors aren’t too difficult to remove, but take it slowly. Be careful not to bend the door at all. If you’re planning on reusing the door, any damage to the frame could prevent it from working properly.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Unlock the wheels with a screwdriver if you can’t remove the door.\", \"描述\": \"Some types of sliding screen doors take a little more effort but still aren’t too difficult to remove. To force the lower wheels off the track, stick the tip of a flathead screwdriver under them. Then, pry them up gently until they pop off the track. Once both wheels are off, you can lift the door out of the frame and set it aside.\\nBe gentle with the door, especially around the corners. Bending them could cause more problems. Bent corners have to be straightened out in order for the door to move along its tracks.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Scrub the wheels with a wire brush to remove debris.\", \"描述\": \"Debris often prevents the wheels from sliding across the track as smoothly as you would like. Scrape off as much debris as possible. You don’t need to use soap or water, although you could try dipping the brush in a little bit of water to treat stubborn dirt. Clean off each pair of wheels on the top and bottom edge of the door.\\nIf you don’t have a wire brush, you could try using an old toothbrush moistened in a little bit of water. However, it isn’t as effective as using a wire brush.\\nMake sure the track is clean as well, or else the wheels will get dirty again as soon as you put the door back in place! Scrape out and vacuum up as much of it as you can.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Lubricate the wheels with a penetrating oil or a similar product.\", \"描述\": \"WD-40 is the most common option you can get, although there are many other choices out there. Once the wheels look spic and span, hold the canister nozzle close to them to coat them in in the oil. Remember that screen doors have 4 wheels in total to treat, or a pair on both its top and bottom edges.\\nSilicone sprays are an example of an alternative lubricant you could use. Try using sprays meant for garage door rollers. They can be more effective at keeping debris off the wheels.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Fit the door back on its track to test it.\", \"描述\": \"To reinstall the screen door, focus on the upper wheels first. Push them into the upper track, then set the door on top of the lower track. Turn the tension screws clockwise until the door is secure and well-aligned with the strike on the frame. Then, test out the door to see if it works much better than before!\\nYou may need to use the tension springs a few times to get the door right where you want it. Turn them clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower it.\\nIf the door still doesn’t work well, it most likely needs to be repaired. Straightening the frame or replacing the wheels could help you adjust it.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjusting Tension Screws to Balance the Door\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Slide the door along the track to see if it is aligned correctly.\", \"描述\": \"If the screen door is hard to slide, the tension could be the issue. Close the door again and see if you notice a gap between the edge and the frame. Also, make sure the door lines up with the strike plate on the door frame so you are able to lock it without a problem.\\nAlways check to see if the track is clear first. A dirty track could prevent the door from moving smoothly. Dirty or rusty wheels could also be a problem, so lift the edges of the track to check them as well.\\nThe strike plate is the metal faceplate meant to connect to the door’s latch. It will be ahead of the front edge of the door and inside the frame.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look for the tension screws inside the door frame.\", \"描述\": \"The screws could be inside the top or bottom edge of the frame. Your door will typically have 4 of these screws, with one in each corner. They are always over the wheels and require a Phillips head screwdriver to turn.\\nThe screws are pretty easy to locate. They are always accessible outside of the frame.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the tension screws to raise and lower the door.\", \"描述\": \"Rotate the screws clockwise to raise the door or counterclockwise to lower it. The screws usually aren’t difficult to rotate, but you could lubricate them with a penetrating oil if they appear rusty. Let them soak for up to 15 minutes, tap them with a hammer, and then try again.\\nSlide the door along the track a few times when you’re done adjusting it. You may need to adjust it a few times to get it positioned in the perfect spot.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Repairing a Door that Comes off Its Tracks\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the screen door from its frame.\", \"描述\": \"Loosen the screws along the inner part of the frame by turning them counterclockwise. Once the screen feels loose, push it up to disengage the wheels from the lower track. Then, pull the door toward you to finish the removal process. If the door is stuck, check the wheels to see if you need to pry them off the track with a flathead screwdriver.\\nHandle the door carefully to avoid bending it as you remove it from the frame.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Straighten out the frame by hand if it appears bent.\", \"描述\": \"A bent screen door won’t be able to slide properly along the track. To fix it, lay the door down on a flat surface. Check the corners to see if they are bowed, then gently push them in the opposite direction to straighten them out again. Try to make them as level as possible with the door to ensure they don’t get caught up in the tracks.\\nScreen doors are fairly flexible, so they don’t take a ton of force to bend. It’s best to do it slowly with your hands so you don’t end up damaging the door further.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the tension screws if you need to replace the wheels.\", \"描述\": \"Replace the wheels if they look broken or no longer turn when you slide the screen door. As long as you have a Phillips head screwdriver, they aren’t too difficult to swap out. Turn the screws counterclockwise until you are able to slide the wheels off of the door. Make sure you remove every broken wheel if you don’t plan on replacing all 4 of them at the same time.\\nSave the broken wheels to take with you to a hardware store. Use them to get similar replacement wheels. If you aren’t able to find what you need, search online or contact the screen door manufacturer.\\nKeep in mind that sometimes adjusting the screws to the right tension can help the wheels stay on the track. If you haven’t tried it yet, it’s worth trying before removing the door.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Install the replacement wheels into the slots on the door.\", \"描述\": \"Slide the top part of the wheel assembly into the opening on the door frame. The top part of the assembly has a hole in it that aligns with the screw hole on the frame. Once you have them aligned, slide a tension screw in and turn it clockwise to lock the wheel in place.\\nMake sure the screw holes align. If the screw won’t go all the way in, it is probably because the wheel isn’t positioned in the right spot.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Reinstall the door to test the replacement wheels.\", \"描述\": \"Lift up the door, then push the top pair of wheels into the upper track. Afterward, position the door on the lower track. Slide the door back and forth a few times to make sure all the wheels are rolling. Use the tension screws as needed to fine-tune the adjustment.\\nKeep adjusting the tension screws until the door’s latch aligns with the strike on the frame. Turn them clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower it.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"To keep screen doors working properly, keep the wheels and tracks clean. Set aside time about once every 6 months to refresh and lubricate them.\\n\", \"The track the screen door slides through does not need to be lubricated. Lubricating it actually attracts more dirt, meaning more cleaning!\\n\", \"If you are unable to adjust the door to make it work properly, you could always replace it with a new one. Once you know how to remove the old door, installing a new one isn’t a challenge!\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,423
How to Adjust a Spinning Bike
1. Changing the Seat Height 1-1. Stand up next to the bike to find the proper height. Stand next to the seat of the bike and take note of the height of your hip bone. You can also lift your leg so that it's parallel to the ground and align the seat to the top of your thigh. The idea is to have the top of the seat (not the bottom) in line with your hip bone. 1-2. Pull the pop-pin on the front or back of the pole holding the seat to adjust it. Stand next to the bike and locate the knob just below the front of the seat post. It’ll be situated horizontally so the bar extending from the knob can lock the seat in place. Pull it outward just slightly and then lift the seat up or push it down so the top of the seat is in line with your hip bone. Not all bikes are made the same, so the pop-pin may be on the back pole facing the front of the bike or facing backward (away from the handles). Some pop-pin knobs need to be twisted to the left before you can pull them out. If that’s the case, get a firm grasp so you can twist it and then pull it. You may need to stop and stand next to it again while you're adjusting it to check that the seat is in line with your hip. 1-3. Push the knob inward to lock the seat in place and sit on the bike. Let go of the pop-pin so it slides back into the locked position. Or, if you had to turn the knob, turn it all the way to the right until it's tight and in place. Push down on the seat to make sure it's steady before you get on to check the height. Some pop-pins only lock by gliding into a hole like a key, so if you don't hear a click, push the seat slightly downward or jiggle it until you hear the pin lock into place. Depending on the manufacturer, you may see a scale of numbers ranging from 28 to 39 on the side of the bar holding up the seat. Take note of that number so you can remember your perfect height next time. 1-4. Make sure your knee doesn't lock when your leg is extended. Pay attention to whether or not your knee is locked when your foot is in the 6 o'clock position (lowest to the ground). If it's locked, get off the bike, move the seat down 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) and then get on the bike again to check your knee positioning. Double-check by making sure your knee stays over the ball of your foot (not your toe) when your foot is in the 6 o’clock position. Make sure your foot isn't crammed into the toe cage while you’re checking your knee positioning. The ball of your foot should be right over the center bars of the pedals (the spindles). 2. Moving the Seat Forward and Back 2-1. Use your forearm length to get an idea of your ideal position. Bend your elbow so it makes a 90-degree angle. Hold your arm so that the tips of your fingers are grazing the part of the handlebar nearest to the seat and your elbow is closest to the tip of the seat. Ideally, position the seat so that the distance between it and the handlebars is about the length of your forearm with your hand extended. If you're tall or have a longer torso, you may need to move the seat back 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) from this forearm-length guiding position. If you have a smaller torso, you may be able to ride with it 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) closer to the handlebars. This isn’t a steadfast rule, so you may need to adjust the seat forward and back a few times to find a position that allows you to pedal with good form. 2-2. Look at the back of the bike under the seat to find the fore/aft control pin. Stand at the back of the bike and squat down to find the upside-down knob sticking out. The knob will almost always be attached to a horizontal bar that slides back and forth just under and behind the seat. In some cases this knob is located on the underside of the seat itself. Don’t confuse this one with the other knob that raises and lowers the seat—that one lays to the side and is located on the vertical pole holding the seat while this one sits on or near the underside of the seat. 2-3. Pull the pin down to unlock it and slide it into position. Grab the pin firmly with one hand and put your other hand on the top of the seat for leverage. Pull it down so it unlocks and then use your other hand to move the seat forward or back. Depending on the make and model of the bike, you may need to twist the pin to the left so it loosens before you can pull it out. 2-4. Get on the bike and check that your knees are over the balls of your feet. Move your feet so they're equidistant from the ground (at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock). Check to make sure your knees are over the balls of your feet, not over your toes or ankles. Make sure you're sitting on the back of the seat's saddle—your butt should be hanging over just a little bit but not so much that you feel unstable. 2-5. Adjust the strap on the toe cage if you need to. Undo the strap on the toe cage just like you would a small belt, pulling the slack through the buckle and repositioning the pin 1 to 4 holes over. If you have a larger foot, you may need to loosen up the strap at the end of the toe cage (the strap that goes over your midfoot). If you have a smaller foot, tighten it up so that the ball of your foot is right below that strap and right above the center of the pedal. It's okay if the toe of your shoe doesn't fully fill in the toe cage. Make sure you're pedaling with the ball of your foot, not with your pointed toe or with the heel of your foot. If you have foot clips, make sure the clip is positioned on your shoe below the ball of your foot. Lock it in place by sliding your foot forward (almost like putting on a high heel) and unlock it by turning your ankle slightly outward away from the bike. 3. Rearranging the Handlebars 3-1. Check that the bars are in line with or higher than the seat. Stand to the side of the bike and squat down a little to make sure the base of the handlebars are at the same height as the seat. If you're completely new to cycling or if you have a bad back, position the handlebars 1–4 inches (2.5–10.2 cm) above the seat height. Always keep your handlebars at or above the level of your seat to maintain a good cycling form. Once you get used to the proper upper body form, feel free to lower your handlebars down 1 in (2.5 cm) at a time to work your core a little harder. 3-2. Unscrew or pull the pop-pin at the front of the bike. Stand at the front of the bike and locate the forward-facing pop-pin just below the handlebars. Use one hand to pull it out a little into the unlocked position and use your other hand to lift the bars up or push them down. Let go of the knob or push it back in once you’ve adjusted the bars to the right height. Depending on the make and model, you might need to twist the knob to the left to loosen it up and then pull it out. You can also find your proper height by standing upright next to the handlebars. The base of the bars should be in line with your hip bone or above it. 3-3. Get on the bike to check that your elbows are slightly flexed. Sit on the bike and place your hands on the part of the bars closest to you. Keep your chest lifted and bend from your hips. Make sure your elbows and wrists are slightly bent and that you're not having to scoot forward to grasp any part of the handlebars. Double-check by moving your hands to position 3. To do position 3, lean slightly forward from your hips and place your elbows on the part of the bar closest to you (the base). Grasp the middle bars (the ones running parallel to your body) with your hands. You should be able to do this without scooting forward or overreaching. 4. Increasing or Decreasing Resistance 4-1. Locate the resistance knob just below the handlebars. Look at the base of your handlebars and notice a small knob that you can turn left or right. You’ll see a “+” and a “-” sign on either side of the knob. Depending on your model, it may also look like a lever that you lift up or push down. If your bike has a lever that functions as both the resistance changer and brake, pushing it all the way down will put on the brakes, which stops the flywheel in its place. Always push this down fully once you’re ready to get off the bike after a sweat session. Some bikes have a small LCD display that will tell you what resistance level the bike is set to. Otherwise, you’ll have to go by how it feels when you’re pedaling. 4-2. Turn the knob to the right to increase the resistance. Use enough resistance so you're not bouncing or spinning too quickly without control. Don't add so much resistance that it affects your form. If your bike has a small dial or LCD screen that tells you how many RPMs you’re at, refer to that to help you find a resistance level that’s not too tough or too easy. If you're pedaling over 120 RPMs, that's a sign you should raise the resistance so you're engaging your muscles more and getting a great workout. If you're in a spin class and the instructor tells you to start a hill climb, that means you should raise the resistance by 1 or 2 levels—60 to 80 RPMs is a good speed for climbs. If your bike has a lever, push it down to increase the resistance. Adding more resistance over time will increase your overall fitness. Plus, it’s a great way to train for a race, marathon, or other sporting events. 4-3. Turn the knob to the left to decrease the resistance. If you find it so hard to pedal that your hips are shifting on the seat or that your upper body is swaying, turn the knob to the left to make it easier to pedal. If the resistance knob is a lever, lift it up a few notches until it feels like less of a challenge. If you're just starting out, keep the resistance relatively low to build up your endurance. On some bikes, even the first few levels are meant to mimic a flat riding surface. Any resistance setting that allows you to pedal comfortably between 80 and 110 RPMs is a good level. Tips If you're a beginner, a higher handlebar will be easier for you. Once you have the proper form down, you can lower it in gradual increments until it’s level with the seat of the bike.[23] X Research source If your make and model has small numbers on the height or fore/aft pole or arm, take note of those numbers so you can remember your ideal seat positioning in the future. If you’re new to spinning and aren’t sure if you’re going to stick with it, ask your gym if they have spinning shoes that you can rent. Warnings Never try to adjust the seat’s height or aft/forward position while you’re sitting on it. Always use the emergency brake to stop the wheel from spinning before you get off the bike. Otherwise, the pedals might whip around and hit your ankles or lower legs.[24] X Research source Avoid taking high-intensity spin classes if you’re a beginner because overworking your muscles can lead to injuries, muscle damage, and, in rare cases, a potentially fatal condition called rhabdomyolysis.[25] X Trustworthy Source PubMed Central Journal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health Go to source If you have a spin bike at home, keep children and pets away from it because the spinning wheel could injure them if they touch it or get too close.[26] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:18", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Changing the Seat Height\\n1-1. Stand up next to the bike to find the proper height.\\nStand next to the seat of the bike and take note of the height of your hip bone. You can also lift your leg so that it's parallel to the ground and align the seat to the top of your thigh.\\nThe idea is to have the top of the seat (not the bottom) in line with your hip bone.\\n1-2. Pull the pop-pin on the front or back of the pole holding the seat to adjust it.\\nStand next to the bike and locate the knob just below the front of the seat post. It’ll be situated horizontally so the bar extending from the knob can lock the seat in place. Pull it outward just slightly and then lift the seat up or push it down so the top of the seat is in line with your hip bone.\\nNot all bikes are made the same, so the pop-pin may be on the back pole facing the front of the bike or facing backward (away from the handles).\\nSome pop-pin knobs need to be twisted to the left before you can pull them out. If that’s the case, get a firm grasp so you can twist it and then pull it.\\nYou may need to stop and stand next to it again while you're adjusting it to check that the seat is in line with your hip.\\n1-3. Push the knob inward to lock the seat in place and sit on the bike.\\nLet go of the pop-pin so it slides back into the locked position. Or, if you had to turn the knob, turn it all the way to the right until it's tight and in place. Push down on the seat to make sure it's steady before you get on to check the height.\\nSome pop-pins only lock by gliding into a hole like a key, so if you don't hear a click, push the seat slightly downward or jiggle it until you hear the pin lock into place.\\nDepending on the manufacturer, you may see a scale of numbers ranging from 28 to 39 on the side of the bar holding up the seat. Take note of that number so you can remember your perfect height next time.\\n1-4. Make sure your knee doesn't lock when your leg is extended.\\nPay attention to whether or not your knee is locked when your foot is in the 6 o'clock position (lowest to the ground). If it's locked, get off the bike, move the seat down 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) and then get on the bike again to check your knee positioning.\\nDouble-check by making sure your knee stays over the ball of your foot (not your toe) when your foot is in the 6 o’clock position.\\nMake sure your foot isn't crammed into the toe cage while you’re checking your knee positioning. The ball of your foot should be right over the center bars of the pedals (the spindles).\\n2. Moving the Seat Forward and Back\\n2-1. Use your forearm length to get an idea of your ideal position.\\nBend your elbow so it makes a 90-degree angle. Hold your arm so that the tips of your fingers are grazing the part of the handlebar nearest to the seat and your elbow is closest to the tip of the seat. Ideally, position the seat so that the distance between it and the handlebars is about the length of your forearm with your hand extended.\\nIf you're tall or have a longer torso, you may need to move the seat back 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) from this forearm-length guiding position.\\nIf you have a smaller torso, you may be able to ride with it 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) closer to the handlebars.\\nThis isn’t a steadfast rule, so you may need to adjust the seat forward and back a few times to find a position that allows you to pedal with good form.\\n2-2. Look at the back of the bike under the seat to find the fore/aft control pin.\\nStand at the back of the bike and squat down to find the upside-down knob sticking out. The knob will almost always be attached to a horizontal bar that slides back and forth just under and behind the seat.\\nIn some cases this knob is located on the underside of the seat itself.\\nDon’t confuse this one with the other knob that raises and lowers the seat—that one lays to the side and is located on the vertical pole holding the seat while this one sits on or near the underside of the seat.\\n2-3. Pull the pin down to unlock it and slide it into position.\\nGrab the pin firmly with one hand and put your other hand on the top of the seat for leverage. Pull it down so it unlocks and then use your other hand to move the seat forward or back.\\nDepending on the make and model of the bike, you may need to twist the pin to the left so it loosens before you can pull it out.\\n2-4. Get on the bike and check that your knees are over the balls of your feet.\\nMove your feet so they're equidistant from the ground (at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock). Check to make sure your knees are over the balls of your feet, not over your toes or ankles.\\nMake sure you're sitting on the back of the seat's saddle—your butt should be hanging over just a little bit but not so much that you feel unstable.\\n2-5. Adjust the strap on the toe cage if you need to.\\nUndo the strap on the toe cage just like you would a small belt, pulling the slack through the buckle and repositioning the pin 1 to 4 holes over. If you have a larger foot, you may need to loosen up the strap at the end of the toe cage (the strap that goes over your midfoot). If you have a smaller foot, tighten it up so that the ball of your foot is right below that strap and right above the center of the pedal.\\nIt's okay if the toe of your shoe doesn't fully fill in the toe cage.\\nMake sure you're pedaling with the ball of your foot, not with your pointed toe or with the heel of your foot.\\nIf you have foot clips, make sure the clip is positioned on your shoe below the ball of your foot. Lock it in place by sliding your foot forward (almost like putting on a high heel) and unlock it by turning your ankle slightly outward away from the bike.\\n3. Rearranging the Handlebars\\n3-1. Check that the bars are in line with or higher than the seat.\\nStand to the side of the bike and squat down a little to make sure the base of the handlebars are at the same height as the seat. If you're completely new to cycling or if you have a bad back, position the handlebars 1–4 inches (2.5–10.2 cm) above the seat height.\\nAlways keep your handlebars at or above the level of your seat to maintain a good cycling form.\\nOnce you get used to the proper upper body form, feel free to lower your handlebars down 1 in (2.5 cm) at a time to work your core a little harder.\\n3-2. Unscrew or pull the pop-pin at the front of the bike.\\nStand at the front of the bike and locate the forward-facing pop-pin just below the handlebars. Use one hand to pull it out a little into the unlocked position and use your other hand to lift the bars up or push them down. Let go of the knob or push it back in once you’ve adjusted the bars to the right height.\\nDepending on the make and model, you might need to twist the knob to the left to loosen it up and then pull it out.\\nYou can also find your proper height by standing upright next to the handlebars. The base of the bars should be in line with your hip bone or above it.\\n3-3. Get on the bike to check that your elbows are slightly flexed.\\nSit on the bike and place your hands on the part of the bars closest to you. Keep your chest lifted and bend from your hips. Make sure your elbows and wrists are slightly bent and that you're not having to scoot forward to grasp any part of the handlebars.\\nDouble-check by moving your hands to position 3. To do position 3, lean slightly forward from your hips and place your elbows on the part of the bar closest to you (the base). Grasp the middle bars (the ones running parallel to your body) with your hands. You should be able to do this without scooting forward or overreaching.\\n4. Increasing or Decreasing Resistance\\n4-1. Locate the resistance knob just below the handlebars.\\nLook at the base of your handlebars and notice a small knob that you can turn left or right. You’ll see a “+” and a “-” sign on either side of the knob. Depending on your model, it may also look like a lever that you lift up or push down.\\nIf your bike has a lever that functions as both the resistance changer and brake, pushing it all the way down will put on the brakes, which stops the flywheel in its place. Always push this down fully once you’re ready to get off the bike after a sweat session.\\nSome bikes have a small LCD display that will tell you what resistance level the bike is set to. Otherwise, you’ll have to go by how it feels when you’re pedaling.\\n4-2. Turn the knob to the right to increase the resistance.\\nUse enough resistance so you're not bouncing or spinning too quickly without control. Don't add so much resistance that it affects your form. If your bike has a small dial or LCD screen that tells you how many RPMs you’re at, refer to that to help you find a resistance level that’s not too tough or too easy.\\nIf you're pedaling over 120 RPMs, that's a sign you should raise the resistance so you're engaging your muscles more and getting a great workout.\\nIf you're in a spin class and the instructor tells you to start a hill climb, that means you should raise the resistance by 1 or 2 levels—60 to 80 RPMs is a good speed for climbs.\\nIf your bike has a lever, push it down to increase the resistance.\\nAdding more resistance over time will increase your overall fitness. Plus, it’s a great way to train for a race, marathon, or other sporting events.\\n4-3. Turn the knob to the left to decrease the resistance.\\nIf you find it so hard to pedal that your hips are shifting on the seat or that your upper body is swaying, turn the knob to the left to make it easier to pedal. If the resistance knob is a lever, lift it up a few notches until it feels like less of a challenge.\\nIf you're just starting out, keep the resistance relatively low to build up your endurance.\\nOn some bikes, even the first few levels are meant to mimic a flat riding surface.\\nAny resistance setting that allows you to pedal comfortably between 80 and 110 RPMs is a good level.\\nTips\\nIf you're a beginner, a higher handlebar will be easier for you. Once you have the proper form down, you can lower it in gradual increments until it’s level with the seat of the bike.[23]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf your make and model has small numbers on the height or fore/aft pole or arm, take note of those numbers so you can remember your ideal seat positioning in the future.\\nIf you’re new to spinning and aren’t sure if you’re going to stick with it, ask your gym if they have spinning shoes that you can rent.\\nWarnings\\nNever try to adjust the seat’s height or aft/forward position while you’re sitting on it.\\nAlways use the emergency brake to stop the wheel from spinning before you get off the bike. Otherwise, the pedals might whip around and hit your ankles or lower legs.[24]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nAvoid taking high-intensity spin classes if you’re a beginner because overworking your muscles can lead to injuries, muscle damage, and, in rare cases, a potentially fatal condition called rhabdomyolysis.[25]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nPubMed Central\\nJournal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health\\nGo to source\\nIf you have a spin bike at home, keep children and pets away from it because the spinning wheel could injure them if they touch it or get too close.[26]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Spinning is an excellent way to get in shape! Riding the bike doesn’t put stress on your joints, which is great if you want to sweat off some steam without straining your knees or hips. Adjusting a spin bike can seem intimidating at first if you’ve never ridden one, but it’s pretty simple once you know where the parts are and how to work them. Not all spin bikes are made the same, but the parts are pretty easy to adjust so you’ll be up and riding in no time!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Changing the Seat Height\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Stand up next to the bike to find the proper height.\", \"描述\": \"Stand next to the seat of the bike and take note of the height of your hip bone. You can also lift your leg so that it's parallel to the ground and align the seat to the top of your thigh.\\nThe idea is to have the top of the seat (not the bottom) in line with your hip bone.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pull the pop-pin on the front or back of the pole holding the seat to adjust it.\", \"描述\": \"Stand next to the bike and locate the knob just below the front of the seat post. It’ll be situated horizontally so the bar extending from the knob can lock the seat in place. Pull it outward just slightly and then lift the seat up or push it down so the top of the seat is in line with your hip bone.\\nNot all bikes are made the same, so the pop-pin may be on the back pole facing the front of the bike or facing backward (away from the handles).\\nSome pop-pin knobs need to be twisted to the left before you can pull them out. If that’s the case, get a firm grasp so you can twist it and then pull it.\\nYou may need to stop and stand next to it again while you're adjusting it to check that the seat is in line with your hip.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Push the knob inward to lock the seat in place and sit on the bike.\", \"描述\": \"Let go of the pop-pin so it slides back into the locked position. Or, if you had to turn the knob, turn it all the way to the right until it's tight and in place. Push down on the seat to make sure it's steady before you get on to check the height.\\nSome pop-pins only lock by gliding into a hole like a key, so if you don't hear a click, push the seat slightly downward or jiggle it until you hear the pin lock into place.\\nDepending on the manufacturer, you may see a scale of numbers ranging from 28 to 39 on the side of the bar holding up the seat. Take note of that number so you can remember your perfect height next time.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make sure your knee doesn't lock when your leg is extended.\", \"描述\": \"Pay attention to whether or not your knee is locked when your foot is in the 6 o'clock position (lowest to the ground). If it's locked, get off the bike, move the seat down 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) and then get on the bike again to check your knee positioning.\\nDouble-check by making sure your knee stays over the ball of your foot (not your toe) when your foot is in the 6 o’clock position.\\nMake sure your foot isn't crammed into the toe cage while you’re checking your knee positioning. The ball of your foot should be right over the center bars of the pedals (the spindles).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Moving the Seat Forward and Back\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use your forearm length to get an idea of your ideal position.\", \"描述\": \"Bend your elbow so it makes a 90-degree angle. Hold your arm so that the tips of your fingers are grazing the part of the handlebar nearest to the seat and your elbow is closest to the tip of the seat. Ideally, position the seat so that the distance between it and the handlebars is about the length of your forearm with your hand extended.\\nIf you're tall or have a longer torso, you may need to move the seat back 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) from this forearm-length guiding position.\\nIf you have a smaller torso, you may be able to ride with it 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) closer to the handlebars.\\nThis isn’t a steadfast rule, so you may need to adjust the seat forward and back a few times to find a position that allows you to pedal with good form.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look at the back of the bike under the seat to find the fore/aft control pin.\", \"描述\": \"Stand at the back of the bike and squat down to find the upside-down knob sticking out. The knob will almost always be attached to a horizontal bar that slides back and forth just under and behind the seat.\\nIn some cases this knob is located on the underside of the seat itself.\\nDon’t confuse this one with the other knob that raises and lowers the seat—that one lays to the side and is located on the vertical pole holding the seat while this one sits on or near the underside of the seat.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pull the pin down to unlock it and slide it into position.\", \"描述\": \"Grab the pin firmly with one hand and put your other hand on the top of the seat for leverage. Pull it down so it unlocks and then use your other hand to move the seat forward or back.\\nDepending on the make and model of the bike, you may need to twist the pin to the left so it loosens before you can pull it out.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get on the bike and check that your knees are over the balls of your feet.\", \"描述\": \"Move your feet so they're equidistant from the ground (at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock). Check to make sure your knees are over the balls of your feet, not over your toes or ankles.\\nMake sure you're sitting on the back of the seat's saddle—your butt should be hanging over just a little bit but not so much that you feel unstable.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Adjust the strap on the toe cage if you need to.\", \"描述\": \"Undo the strap on the toe cage just like you would a small belt, pulling the slack through the buckle and repositioning the pin 1 to 4 holes over. If you have a larger foot, you may need to loosen up the strap at the end of the toe cage (the strap that goes over your midfoot). If you have a smaller foot, tighten it up so that the ball of your foot is right below that strap and right above the center of the pedal.\\nIt's okay if the toe of your shoe doesn't fully fill in the toe cage.\\nMake sure you're pedaling with the ball of your foot, not with your pointed toe or with the heel of your foot.\\nIf you have foot clips, make sure the clip is positioned on your shoe below the ball of your foot. Lock it in place by sliding your foot forward (almost like putting on a high heel) and unlock it by turning your ankle slightly outward away from the bike.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rearranging the Handlebars\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check that the bars are in line with or higher than the seat.\", \"描述\": \"Stand to the side of the bike and squat down a little to make sure the base of the handlebars are at the same height as the seat. If you're completely new to cycling or if you have a bad back, position the handlebars 1–4 inches (2.5–10.2 cm) above the seat height.\\nAlways keep your handlebars at or above the level of your seat to maintain a good cycling form.\\nOnce you get used to the proper upper body form, feel free to lower your handlebars down 1 in (2.5 cm) at a time to work your core a little harder.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Unscrew or pull the pop-pin at the front of the bike.\", \"描述\": \"Stand at the front of the bike and locate the forward-facing pop-pin just below the handlebars. Use one hand to pull it out a little into the unlocked position and use your other hand to lift the bars up or push them down. Let go of the knob or push it back in once you’ve adjusted the bars to the right height.\\nDepending on the make and model, you might need to twist the knob to the left to loosen it up and then pull it out.\\nYou can also find your proper height by standing upright next to the handlebars. The base of the bars should be in line with your hip bone or above it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get on the bike to check that your elbows are slightly flexed.\", \"描述\": \"Sit on the bike and place your hands on the part of the bars closest to you. Keep your chest lifted and bend from your hips. Make sure your elbows and wrists are slightly bent and that you're not having to scoot forward to grasp any part of the handlebars.\\nDouble-check by moving your hands to position 3. To do position 3, lean slightly forward from your hips and place your elbows on the part of the bar closest to you (the base). Grasp the middle bars (the ones running parallel to your body) with your hands. You should be able to do this without scooting forward or overreaching.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Increasing or Decreasing Resistance\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate the resistance knob just below the handlebars.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the base of your handlebars and notice a small knob that you can turn left or right. You’ll see a “+” and a “-” sign on either side of the knob. Depending on your model, it may also look like a lever that you lift up or push down.\\nIf your bike has a lever that functions as both the resistance changer and brake, pushing it all the way down will put on the brakes, which stops the flywheel in its place. Always push this down fully once you’re ready to get off the bike after a sweat session.\\nSome bikes have a small LCD display that will tell you what resistance level the bike is set to. Otherwise, you’ll have to go by how it feels when you’re pedaling.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the knob to the right to increase the resistance.\", \"描述\": \"Use enough resistance so you're not bouncing or spinning too quickly without control. Don't add so much resistance that it affects your form. If your bike has a small dial or LCD screen that tells you how many RPMs you’re at, refer to that to help you find a resistance level that’s not too tough or too easy.\\nIf you're pedaling over 120 RPMs, that's a sign you should raise the resistance so you're engaging your muscles more and getting a great workout.\\nIf you're in a spin class and the instructor tells you to start a hill climb, that means you should raise the resistance by 1 or 2 levels—60 to 80 RPMs is a good speed for climbs.\\nIf your bike has a lever, push it down to increase the resistance.\\nAdding more resistance over time will increase your overall fitness. Plus, it’s a great way to train for a race, marathon, or other sporting events.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the knob to the left to decrease the resistance.\", \"描述\": \"If you find it so hard to pedal that your hips are shifting on the seat or that your upper body is swaying, turn the knob to the left to make it easier to pedal. If the resistance knob is a lever, lift it up a few notches until it feels like less of a challenge.\\nIf you're just starting out, keep the resistance relatively low to build up your endurance.\\nOn some bikes, even the first few levels are meant to mimic a flat riding surface.\\nAny resistance setting that allows you to pedal comfortably between 80 and 110 RPMs is a good level.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you're a beginner, a higher handlebar will be easier for you. Once you have the proper form down, you can lower it in gradual increments until it’s level with the seat of the bike.[23]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If your make and model has small numbers on the height or fore/aft pole or arm, take note of those numbers so you can remember your ideal seat positioning in the future.\\n\", \"If you’re new to spinning and aren’t sure if you’re going to stick with it, ask your gym if they have spinning shoes that you can rent.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never try to adjust the seat’s height or aft/forward position while you’re sitting on it.\\n\", \"Always use the emergency brake to stop the wheel from spinning before you get off the bike. Otherwise, the pedals might whip around and hit your ankles or lower legs.[24]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Avoid taking high-intensity spin classes if you’re a beginner because overworking your muscles can lead to injuries, muscle damage, and, in rare cases, a potentially fatal condition called rhabdomyolysis.[25]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nPubMed Central\\nJournal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health\\nGo to source\\n\", \"If you have a spin bike at home, keep children and pets away from it because the spinning wheel could injure them if they touch it or get too close.[26]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,424
How to Adjust a Storm Door
1. Realigning the Trim and Frame 1-1. Open the door from the outside and move it up and down. This will show you if the frame or trim of the door needs to be secured. Focus your attention on the hinge side of the door frame to see if there’s any movement of the wooden trim or frame. 1-2. Secure the wooden trim with extra nails. You can use a hammer and nails to secure the top of the trim if it’s sagging. If the sides are lifting, you can also secure them with additional nails after you have addressed the top of the trim. Place nails 2 to 3 inches (5.1 to 7.6 cm) apart and hammer into the trim gently. 1-3. Place a wooden shim between the door and the frame. This will ensure that the door and the frame will stay in place while you adjust the frame. It’ll also keep the door from swinging open and potentially hitting you while you’re working! 1-4. Tighten the existing screws in the frame using a screwdriver. These will likely be located all around the door. Make sure you tighten every existing screw, then take the shim out and test if the door is still unsteady. If it is, you will need to replace the shim and add more screws. 1-5. Drill additional holes for new screws. Place 2-3 new holes at the top of the frame on each of the sides and in the middle for added support. Start by using a 3/16-in bit to drill into just the metal frame. Then, use a 3/32-in bit to complete the hole by drilling into the wood. 1-6. Secure 8 by 1 inches (20.3 cm × 2.5 cm) pan head screws into the new holes. It’s best to use stainless steel screws, which you can find at any home improvement store, because they will hold up best in the weather. Drill the screws into the holes, remove the shim and test the stability of the door again. If it still isn’t steady, add additional screws to the sides of the frame, working from top to bottom and testing the door as you work. 2. Adjusting the Pneumatic Closer 2-1. Turn the closing rate adjustment screw to fix slamming or slow closing. This small screw controls how quickly or slowly the door will close. It’s located on the closing arm near where it is mounted to the door. Turning the screw clockwise will slow down the closing rate to prevent slamming, and turning counterclockwise will increase the closing rate. 2-2. Adjust the mounting of the closing arm if the door is not latching. You can add extra force to the door closing mechanism by adjusting where it is mounted to the door. Most brackets will have additional holes on either side to do exactly this. Simply unscrew where the arm is attached to the door. Move the arm away from the hinges and screw it into the next hole. 2-3. Check the range of the door. Once you’ve moved the mounting, make sure the door opens far enough on the outside. Sometimes, moving the arm will make the door open slightly less, so you will need to make sure there is enough space to get in and out of the door. 2-4. Buy a new pneumatic closer if other adjustments don’t work. Simply unscrew the mounting hardware that holds the broken closer in place. Take the old closer to the home improvement store with you, and ask an employee to help you find a match for it. 2-5. Replace the hardware on the door if necessary. If the new closer that you purchased isn’t an exact match and comes with new hardware, you can replace the hardware on the door. Align the new pieces in the same places as the old hardware to avoid drilling new holes. 2-6. Slide the “hold-open” washer onto the longer end of the closer. This part allows you to hold the door open if necessary. It shouldn’t need any additional adjustments and will be relative loose around the protruding end of the closer. 2-7. Line up the closer with the jamb bracket and insert the anchor pin. This will attach the closing arm to the frame of the door. You might have to tighten nuts on either side of the anchor pin, and you can do this using your hand or a wrench. 2-8. Mark where the mounting hardware will be attached to the door. Make sure the door is closed when you do this. If you have an exact match of your previous closer, you will likely be able to use the same holes. If you have a different one, you might need to drill new holes. Mark where the hardware will attach to the door and drill holes in those places. 2-9. Tighten the screws to secure the hardware to the door. Make sure the door is closed and locked while you do this to prevent it from swinging open when you press the screwdriver into the door. This is where the closer will attach to the door on the opposite side. 2-10. Align the closer with the new hardware and insert the other anchor pin. Again, you may have to tighten nuts on either side of the pin with a wrench or your hand. 2-11. Test the door to make sure it opens and closes properly. The door shouldn’t slam or close too quickly or rub against the frame. If the door doesn’t close properly, or is slamming, adjust the closing rate screw and try again. If the door is rubbing against its frame after securing the trim and frame, it may be that your house has settled and the doorway is crooked. If this is the case, call a contractor to come check the doorway and estimate the cost of fixing it. 3. Maintaining Your Storm Door 3-1. Check the trim and frame every 2-3 months. If you have previously secured the trim or frame of your storm door, check that it hasn’t come loose. If you catch the problem early, you can avoid having to add new screws to your frame or nails to the trim by tightening and securing the ones that you have in place. 3-2. Apply WD-40 or 3-in-1 oil to the hinges to keep the door swinging smoothly. If your storm door creaks while it opens and closes, or is difficult to swing open or closed, applying lubrication to the hinges can help. Apply these oils sparingly and wipe off any excess afterwards, as they can attract dirt and dust. 3-3. Clean your storm door every 1-2 months. If you live in an area with a lot of wind, rain, snow, or dust, you should clean your storm door often. You can wipe down the door with soap and water, and clean any glass with glass cleaning solution. If you have a screen in your door, you can vacuum the screen clean. Make sure you wipe door dry after cleaning to avoid rusting. 3-4. Paint the door if it is aluminum. If your door is looking dull and less than ideal, you can paint it using exterior spray paint. Start by lightly sanding the door with 300-500 grit wet-dry sandpaper, wipe the door with soap and water, and then rinse with water. Once the door is dry, you can spray paint it, using multiple coats to achieve your ideal color. Make sure you remove or cover any glass or screen panels before painting.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:18", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Realigning the Trim and Frame\\n1-1. Open the door from the outside and move it up and down.\\nThis will show you if the frame or trim of the door needs to be secured. Focus your attention on the hinge side of the door frame to see if there’s any movement of the wooden trim or frame.\\n1-2. Secure the wooden trim with extra nails.\\nYou can use a hammer and nails to secure the top of the trim if it’s sagging. If the sides are lifting, you can also secure them with additional nails after you have addressed the top of the trim. Place nails 2 to 3 inches (5.1 to 7.6 cm) apart and hammer into the trim gently.\\n1-3. Place a wooden shim between the door and the frame.\\nThis will ensure that the door and the frame will stay in place while you adjust the frame. It’ll also keep the door from swinging open and potentially hitting you while you’re working!\\n1-4. Tighten the existing screws in the frame using a screwdriver.\\nThese will likely be located all around the door. Make sure you tighten every existing screw, then take the shim out and test if the door is still unsteady. If it is, you will need to replace the shim and add more screws.\\n1-5. Drill additional holes for new screws.\\nPlace 2-3 new holes at the top of the frame on each of the sides and in the middle for added support. Start by using a 3/16-in bit to drill into just the metal frame. Then, use a 3/32-in bit to complete the hole by drilling into the wood.\\n1-6. Secure 8 by 1 inches (20.3 cm × 2.5 cm) pan head screws into the new holes.\\nIt’s best to use stainless steel screws, which you can find at any home improvement store, because they will hold up best in the weather. Drill the screws into the holes, remove the shim and test the stability of the door again.\\nIf it still isn’t steady, add additional screws to the sides of the frame, working from top to bottom and testing the door as you work.\\n2. Adjusting the Pneumatic Closer\\n2-1. Turn the closing rate adjustment screw to fix slamming or slow closing.\\nThis small screw controls how quickly or slowly the door will close. It’s located on the closing arm near where it is mounted to the door. Turning the screw clockwise will slow down the closing rate to prevent slamming, and turning counterclockwise will increase the closing rate.\\n2-2. Adjust the mounting of the closing arm if the door is not latching.\\nYou can add extra force to the door closing mechanism by adjusting where it is mounted to the door. Most brackets will have additional holes on either side to do exactly this. Simply unscrew where the arm is attached to the door. Move the arm away from the hinges and screw it into the next hole.\\n2-3. Check the range of the door.\\nOnce you’ve moved the mounting, make sure the door opens far enough on the outside. Sometimes, moving the arm will make the door open slightly less, so you will need to make sure there is enough space to get in and out of the door.\\n2-4. Buy a new pneumatic closer if other adjustments don’t work.\\nSimply unscrew the mounting hardware that holds the broken closer in place. Take the old closer to the home improvement store with you, and ask an employee to help you find a match for it.\\n2-5. Replace the hardware on the door if necessary.\\nIf the new closer that you purchased isn’t an exact match and comes with new hardware, you can replace the hardware on the door. Align the new pieces in the same places as the old hardware to avoid drilling new holes.\\n2-6. Slide the “hold-open” washer onto the longer end of the closer.\\nThis part allows you to hold the door open if necessary. It shouldn’t need any additional adjustments and will be relative loose around the protruding end of the closer.\\n2-7. Line up the closer with the jamb bracket and insert the anchor pin.\\nThis will attach the closing arm to the frame of the door. You might have to tighten nuts on either side of the anchor pin, and you can do this using your hand or a wrench.\\n2-8. Mark where the mounting hardware will be attached to the door.\\nMake sure the door is closed when you do this. If you have an exact match of your previous closer, you will likely be able to use the same holes. If you have a different one, you might need to drill new holes. Mark where the hardware will attach to the door and drill holes in those places.\\n2-9. Tighten the screws to secure the hardware to the door.\\nMake sure the door is closed and locked while you do this to prevent it from swinging open when you press the screwdriver into the door. This is where the closer will attach to the door on the opposite side.\\n2-10. Align the closer with the new hardware and insert the other anchor pin.\\nAgain, you may have to tighten nuts on either side of the pin with a wrench or your hand.\\n2-11. Test the door to make sure it opens and closes properly.\\nThe door shouldn’t slam or close too quickly or rub against the frame. If the door doesn’t close properly, or is slamming, adjust the closing rate screw and try again.\\nIf the door is rubbing against its frame after securing the trim and frame, it may be that your house has settled and the doorway is crooked. If this is the case, call a contractor to come check the doorway and estimate the cost of fixing it.\\n3. Maintaining Your Storm Door\\n3-1. Check the trim and frame every 2-3 months.\\nIf you have previously secured the trim or frame of your storm door, check that it hasn’t come loose. If you catch the problem early, you can avoid having to add new screws to your frame or nails to the trim by tightening and securing the ones that you have in place.\\n3-2. Apply WD-40 or 3-in-1 oil to the hinges to keep the door swinging smoothly.\\nIf your storm door creaks while it opens and closes, or is difficult to swing open or closed, applying lubrication to the hinges can help.\\nApply these oils sparingly and wipe off any excess afterwards, as they can attract dirt and dust.\\n3-3. Clean your storm door every 1-2 months.\\nIf you live in an area with a lot of wind, rain, snow, or dust, you should clean your storm door often. You can wipe down the door with soap and water, and clean any glass with glass cleaning solution. If you have a screen in your door, you can vacuum the screen clean. Make sure you wipe door dry after cleaning to avoid rusting.\\n3-4. Paint the door if it is aluminum.\\nIf your door is looking dull and less than ideal, you can paint it using exterior spray paint. Start by lightly sanding the door with 300-500 grit wet-dry sandpaper, wipe the door with soap and water, and then rinse with water. Once the door is dry, you can spray paint it, using multiple coats to achieve your ideal color.\\nMake sure you remove or cover any glass or screen panels before painting.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"In addition to being noisy and irritating, a misaligned or broken storm door can wear at the door frame and paint of your house. If your storm door requires pulling to close or won’t close at all, you likely need to adjust the door in some way. Usually, you can solve this problem by realigning the frame or adjusting the pneumatic closer.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Realigning the Trim and Frame\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open the door from the outside and move it up and down.\", \"描述\": \"This will show you if the frame or trim of the door needs to be secured. Focus your attention on the hinge side of the door frame to see if there’s any movement of the wooden trim or frame.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Secure the wooden trim with extra nails.\", \"描述\": \"You can use a hammer and nails to secure the top of the trim if it’s sagging. If the sides are lifting, you can also secure them with additional nails after you have addressed the top of the trim. Place nails 2 to 3 inches (5.1 to 7.6 cm) apart and hammer into the trim gently.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place a wooden shim between the door and the frame.\", \"描述\": \"This will ensure that the door and the frame will stay in place while you adjust the frame. It’ll also keep the door from swinging open and potentially hitting you while you’re working!\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tighten the existing screws in the frame using a screwdriver.\", \"描述\": \"These will likely be located all around the door. Make sure you tighten every existing screw, then take the shim out and test if the door is still unsteady. If it is, you will need to replace the shim and add more screws.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Drill additional holes for new screws.\", \"描述\": \"Place 2-3 new holes at the top of the frame on each of the sides and in the middle for added support. Start by using a 3/16-in bit to drill into just the metal frame. Then, use a 3/32-in bit to complete the hole by drilling into the wood.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Secure 8 by 1 inches (20.3 cm × 2.5 cm) pan head screws into the new holes.\", \"描述\": \"It’s best to use stainless steel screws, which you can find at any home improvement store, because they will hold up best in the weather. Drill the screws into the holes, remove the shim and test the stability of the door again.\\nIf it still isn’t steady, add additional screws to the sides of the frame, working from top to bottom and testing the door as you work.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Pneumatic Closer\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the closing rate adjustment screw to fix slamming or slow closing.\", \"描述\": \"This small screw controls how quickly or slowly the door will close. It’s located on the closing arm near where it is mounted to the door. Turning the screw clockwise will slow down the closing rate to prevent slamming, and turning counterclockwise will increase the closing rate.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjust the mounting of the closing arm if the door is not latching.\", \"描述\": \"You can add extra force to the door closing mechanism by adjusting where it is mounted to the door. Most brackets will have additional holes on either side to do exactly this. Simply unscrew where the arm is attached to the door. Move the arm away from the hinges and screw it into the next hole.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check the range of the door.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve moved the mounting, make sure the door opens far enough on the outside. Sometimes, moving the arm will make the door open slightly less, so you will need to make sure there is enough space to get in and out of the door.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Buy a new pneumatic closer if other adjustments don’t work.\", \"描述\": \"Simply unscrew the mounting hardware that holds the broken closer in place. Take the old closer to the home improvement store with you, and ask an employee to help you find a match for it.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Replace the hardware on the door if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"If the new closer that you purchased isn’t an exact match and comes with new hardware, you can replace the hardware on the door. Align the new pieces in the same places as the old hardware to avoid drilling new holes.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Slide the “hold-open” washer onto the longer end of the closer.\", \"描述\": \"This part allows you to hold the door open if necessary. It shouldn’t need any additional adjustments and will be relative loose around the protruding end of the closer.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Line up the closer with the jamb bracket and insert the anchor pin.\", \"描述\": \"This will attach the closing arm to the frame of the door. You might have to tighten nuts on either side of the anchor pin, and you can do this using your hand or a wrench.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Mark where the mounting hardware will be attached to the door.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the door is closed when you do this. If you have an exact match of your previous closer, you will likely be able to use the same holes. If you have a different one, you might need to drill new holes. Mark where the hardware will attach to the door and drill holes in those places.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Tighten the screws to secure the hardware to the door.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the door is closed and locked while you do this to prevent it from swinging open when you press the screwdriver into the door. This is where the closer will attach to the door on the opposite side.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Align the closer with the new hardware and insert the other anchor pin.\", \"描述\": \"Again, you may have to tighten nuts on either side of the pin with a wrench or your hand.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Test the door to make sure it opens and closes properly.\", \"描述\": \"The door shouldn’t slam or close too quickly or rub against the frame. If the door doesn’t close properly, or is slamming, adjust the closing rate screw and try again.\\nIf the door is rubbing against its frame after securing the trim and frame, it may be that your house has settled and the doorway is crooked. If this is the case, call a contractor to come check the doorway and estimate the cost of fixing it.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Maintaining Your Storm Door\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check the trim and frame every 2-3 months.\", \"描述\": \"If you have previously secured the trim or frame of your storm door, check that it hasn’t come loose. If you catch the problem early, you can avoid having to add new screws to your frame or nails to the trim by tightening and securing the ones that you have in place.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apply WD-40 or 3-in-1 oil to the hinges to keep the door swinging smoothly.\", \"描述\": \"If your storm door creaks while it opens and closes, or is difficult to swing open or closed, applying lubrication to the hinges can help.\\nApply these oils sparingly and wipe off any excess afterwards, as they can attract dirt and dust.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Clean your storm door every 1-2 months.\", \"描述\": \"If you live in an area with a lot of wind, rain, snow, or dust, you should clean your storm door often. You can wipe down the door with soap and water, and clean any glass with glass cleaning solution. If you have a screen in your door, you can vacuum the screen clean. Make sure you wipe door dry after cleaning to avoid rusting.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Paint the door if it is aluminum.\", \"描述\": \"If your door is looking dull and less than ideal, you can paint it using exterior spray paint. Start by lightly sanding the door with 300-500 grit wet-dry sandpaper, wipe the door with soap and water, and then rinse with water. Once the door is dry, you can spray paint it, using multiple coats to achieve your ideal color.\\nMake sure you remove or cover any glass or screen panels before painting.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,425
How to Adjust a Torsion Bar
1. Examining the Vehicle 1-1. Park the car on a level surface. Move your car to a flat area, like your garage. Don’t make any changes to your vehicle on a sloped area, as this will make the modification process a lot more difficult, and possibly make your adjustments uneven. Since you’re fixing the height of your car, make sure that your vehicle is in a flat, even area. When your car is parked in a level area, you can get a better sense of how high or low your wheel gap is. 1-2. Measure the wheel gap between the tire and fender. Take out a measuring tape and place it on the surface of 1 of your front tires. Lift the measuring tape until you reach the edge of the wheel gap, then jot down the total length. Next, go to the opposite tire and take an identical measurement between the tire and fender. These measurements should always be the same. If you’re driving an unbalanced vehicle, you could cause serious long-term damage to your vehicle. 1-3. Locate the parallel control arms running beneath the vehicle. Look beneath the car or truck and find a thin pipe that runs lengthwise beneath the vehicle. Go around to the opposite side of the vehicle and peek underneath again to find another pipe that’s parallel to the first. Refer to this pair of pipes as the control arms, which are both connected to the front cross member, or torsion bar. The control arms connect the torsion bar to the wheels. If you’re having difficulty finding your control arms, check your vehicle’s user manual or consult a professional. 1-4. Find the torsion bar between both control arms. Glance beneath the vehicle, working your way to the center of the car. Look in the middle of the vehicle’s underbelly to find a thick, rectangular crossmember support that holds the torsion bar, which slides into both control arms. You might see both front and rear torsion bars beneath your vehicle. The front torsion bar is closest to the engine, and it’s what you’ll be adjusting. The front torsion bar has a small key in the center. This key helps the bar stay in place. 1-5. Search for the adjustment bolts on both sides of the torsion bar. Look closely to find a set of bolts on both sides. Use the bolt on the left to adjust the left tire, and tweak the rightmost bolt to make changes to the right tire. Since large, chunky bolts are used to secure the torsion bar into place, you’ll need to use a socket on a ratchet wrench to make your adjustments. 2. Raising or Lowering the Vehicle 2-1. Lift up the car frame with a car jack. Place a car jack beneath the frame of your vehicle and lift your tire off the ground. Check the tire is at least 1 in (2.5 cm) from the ground, so your torsion adjustments don’t put too much pressure on the wheel area. If possible, try using full stand jacks that lift your entire vehicle off the ground. It’s okay if you can only adjust 1 tire at a time. Just make sure that you’ve always jacked up the side of the car that you’re working on. If you don’t jack up your car, you’ll damage the adjuster bolts. 2-2. Slide under the vehicle with a ratchet wrench and socket. Work towards the edge of the vehicle, using the control arm to locate the center torsion bar. Find the bolt that’s closest to your position, and place the socket on a ratchet wrench on top of it. Depending on your vehicle, you might need to use a bigger or smaller wrench to complete these adjustments. 2-3. Turn the torsion bar bolt clockwise to raise the vehicle. Take your tool and slowly rotate it, working the wrench in a clockwise direction. Don’t worry if you can’t move the wrench in a full circle; instead, turn the bolt 180 degrees twice. Take note of how many times you turn the wrench so you can repeat the same procedure on the opposite side. Don’t make huge adjustments right off the bat. Start off by turning the bolt once or twice, then examine the wheel gap between the tire and rim. 2-4. Turn the torsion bar bolt counterclockwise to lower the vehicle. Slide under your raised vehicle while holding a ratchet wrench with a socket attached. Place the socket over the torsion bolt, twisting the tool in a counter-clockwise direction. Twist the wrench in 180-degree increments if you’re unable to make a full rotation. 2-5. Remove the car jack and place it along the other side of the car. Once you’re safely out from under the vehicle, take out the car jack and place it beneath the vehicle on the opposite side. Use the jack to lift up the other wheel, checking that the tire is off the ground before you continue. Always use the jack when making any kind of adjustment to your torsion bar, even if it’s minor. 2-6. Adjust the torsion bar bolt on the other side of the vehicle in the same way. Arrange the socket on a ratchet wrench on top of the opposite bolt, and begin rotating the tool. Work the wrench in a circle, turning it the same number of times that you turned the bolt on the other side of the vehicle. Make sure to turn the bolt the same way on this side—clockwise to raise the vehicle or counterclockwise to lower it. 2-7. Measure the wheel gap on both tires to ensure that it’s even. Pull yourself out from under the car and take out your measuring tape. Like you did before, place 1 end of the tape on the tire’s surface while measuring the distance between the tire and rim. Check both front tires to confirm that the measurements are the same. 2-8. Make additional adjustments with your wrench as needed. If there are major height differences between both wheels, go beneath the car and fix any problem areas. Tighten or loosen the bolts as you see fit, pausing to measure in between each adjustment. Don’t test drive your vehicle until these measurements are even. Always use a car jack when making adjustments beneath your vehicle. 2-9. Drive your vehicle a short distance to realign the wheels. Remove the jack from your car, then take the vehicle out for a spin. Cruise down an empty road, turning and swerving your car or truck in small amounts. When you make these quick movements, you’ll help solidify the car’s new height. If your vehicle’s suspension seems off, take it to a repair shop for an inspection. Don’t do any dangerous tricks or movements with your vehicle. Tips If the bolts won’t budge, try spraying the threads with WD-40.[16] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:18", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Examining the Vehicle\\n1-1. Park the car on a level surface.\\nMove your car to a flat area, like your garage. Don’t make any changes to your vehicle on a sloped area, as this will make the modification process a lot more difficult, and possibly make your adjustments uneven. Since you’re fixing the height of your car, make sure that your vehicle is in a flat, even area. \\nWhen your car is parked in a level area, you can get a better sense of how high or low your wheel gap is.\\n1-2. Measure the wheel gap between the tire and fender.\\nTake out a measuring tape and place it on the surface of 1 of your front tires. Lift the measuring tape until you reach the edge of the wheel gap, then jot down the total length. Next, go to the opposite tire and take an identical measurement between the tire and fender.\\nThese measurements should always be the same. If you’re driving an unbalanced vehicle, you could cause serious long-term damage to your vehicle.\\n1-3. Locate the parallel control arms running beneath the vehicle.\\nLook beneath the car or truck and find a thin pipe that runs lengthwise beneath the vehicle. Go around to the opposite side of the vehicle and peek underneath again to find another pipe that’s parallel to the first. Refer to this pair of pipes as the control arms, which are both connected to the front cross member, or torsion bar.\\nThe control arms connect the torsion bar to the wheels.\\nIf you’re having difficulty finding your control arms, check your vehicle’s user manual or consult a professional.\\n1-4. Find the torsion bar between both control arms.\\nGlance beneath the vehicle, working your way to the center of the car. Look in the middle of the vehicle’s underbelly to find a thick, rectangular crossmember support that holds the torsion bar, which slides into both control arms.\\nYou might see both front and rear torsion bars beneath your vehicle. The front torsion bar is closest to the engine, and it’s what you’ll be adjusting.\\nThe front torsion bar has a small key in the center. This key helps the bar stay in place.\\n1-5. Search for the adjustment bolts on both sides of the torsion bar.\\nLook closely to find a set of bolts on both sides. Use the bolt on the left to adjust the left tire, and tweak the rightmost bolt to make changes to the right tire. Since large, chunky bolts are used to secure the torsion bar into place, you’ll need to use a socket on a ratchet wrench to make your adjustments.\\n2. Raising or Lowering the Vehicle\\n2-1. Lift up the car frame with a car jack.\\nPlace a car jack beneath the frame of your vehicle and lift your tire off the ground. Check the tire is at least 1 in (2.5 cm) from the ground, so your torsion adjustments don’t put too much pressure on the wheel area. If possible, try using full stand jacks that lift your entire vehicle off the ground.\\nIt’s okay if you can only adjust 1 tire at a time. Just make sure that you’ve always jacked up the side of the car that you’re working on.\\nIf you don’t jack up your car, you’ll damage the adjuster bolts.\\n2-2. Slide under the vehicle with a ratchet wrench and socket.\\nWork towards the edge of the vehicle, using the control arm to locate the center torsion bar. Find the bolt that’s closest to your position, and place the socket on a ratchet wrench on top of it.\\nDepending on your vehicle, you might need to use a bigger or smaller wrench to complete these adjustments.\\n2-3. Turn the torsion bar bolt clockwise to raise the vehicle.\\nTake your tool and slowly rotate it, working the wrench in a clockwise direction. Don’t worry if you can’t move the wrench in a full circle; instead, turn the bolt 180 degrees twice. Take note of how many times you turn the wrench so you can repeat the same procedure on the opposite side.\\nDon’t make huge adjustments right off the bat. Start off by turning the bolt once or twice, then examine the wheel gap between the tire and rim.\\n2-4. Turn the torsion bar bolt counterclockwise to lower the vehicle.\\nSlide under your raised vehicle while holding a ratchet wrench with a socket attached. Place the socket over the torsion bolt, twisting the tool in a counter-clockwise direction. Twist the wrench in 180-degree increments if you’re unable to make a full rotation.\\n2-5. Remove the car jack and place it along the other side of the car.\\nOnce you’re safely out from under the vehicle, take out the car jack and place it beneath the vehicle on the opposite side. Use the jack to lift up the other wheel, checking that the tire is off the ground before you continue.\\nAlways use the jack when making any kind of adjustment to your torsion bar, even if it’s minor.\\n2-6. Adjust the torsion bar bolt on the other side of the vehicle in the same way.\\nArrange the socket on a ratchet wrench on top of the opposite bolt, and begin rotating the tool. Work the wrench in a circle, turning it the same number of times that you turned the bolt on the other side of the vehicle.\\nMake sure to turn the bolt the same way on this side—clockwise to raise the vehicle or counterclockwise to lower it.\\n2-7. Measure the wheel gap on both tires to ensure that it’s even.\\nPull yourself out from under the car and take out your measuring tape. Like you did before, place 1 end of the tape on the tire’s surface while measuring the distance between the tire and rim. Check both front tires to confirm that the measurements are the same.\\n2-8. Make additional adjustments with your wrench as needed.\\nIf there are major height differences between both wheels, go beneath the car and fix any problem areas. Tighten or loosen the bolts as you see fit, pausing to measure in between each adjustment.\\nDon’t test drive your vehicle until these measurements are even.\\nAlways use a car jack when making adjustments beneath your vehicle.\\n2-9. Drive your vehicle a short distance to realign the wheels.\\nRemove the jack from your car, then take the vehicle out for a spin. Cruise down an empty road, turning and swerving your car or truck in small amounts. When you make these quick movements, you’ll help solidify the car’s new height.\\nIf your vehicle’s suspension seems off, take it to a repair shop for an inspection.\\nDon’t do any dangerous tricks or movements with your vehicle.\\nTips\\nIf the bolts won’t budge, try spraying the threads with WD-40.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"When adjusted, the torsion bar beneath your vehicle raises and lowers your front tires. While you can adjust this bar to create a large wheel gap between your tire and fender, you can also lower the height of your car. Before making any changes to your vehicle, measure the wheel gap on both sides of your car or truck. Next, use a socket on a ratchet wrench to adjust the bolts on the torsion bar before checking if both wheel-to-fender gaps are even.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Examining the Vehicle\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Park the car on a level surface.\", \"描述\": \"Move your car to a flat area, like your garage. Don’t make any changes to your vehicle on a sloped area, as this will make the modification process a lot more difficult, and possibly make your adjustments uneven. Since you’re fixing the height of your car, make sure that your vehicle is in a flat, even area. \\nWhen your car is parked in a level area, you can get a better sense of how high or low your wheel gap is.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Measure the wheel gap between the tire and fender.\", \"描述\": \"Take out a measuring tape and place it on the surface of 1 of your front tires. Lift the measuring tape until you reach the edge of the wheel gap, then jot down the total length. Next, go to the opposite tire and take an identical measurement between the tire and fender.\\nThese measurements should always be the same. If you’re driving an unbalanced vehicle, you could cause serious long-term damage to your vehicle.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Locate the parallel control arms running beneath the vehicle.\", \"描述\": \"Look beneath the car or truck and find a thin pipe that runs lengthwise beneath the vehicle. Go around to the opposite side of the vehicle and peek underneath again to find another pipe that’s parallel to the first. Refer to this pair of pipes as the control arms, which are both connected to the front cross member, or torsion bar.\\nThe control arms connect the torsion bar to the wheels.\\nIf you’re having difficulty finding your control arms, check your vehicle’s user manual or consult a professional.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find the torsion bar between both control arms.\", \"描述\": \"Glance beneath the vehicle, working your way to the center of the car. Look in the middle of the vehicle’s underbelly to find a thick, rectangular crossmember support that holds the torsion bar, which slides into both control arms.\\nYou might see both front and rear torsion bars beneath your vehicle. The front torsion bar is closest to the engine, and it’s what you’ll be adjusting.\\nThe front torsion bar has a small key in the center. This key helps the bar stay in place.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Search for the adjustment bolts on both sides of the torsion bar.\", \"描述\": \"Look closely to find a set of bolts on both sides. Use the bolt on the left to adjust the left tire, and tweak the rightmost bolt to make changes to the right tire. Since large, chunky bolts are used to secure the torsion bar into place, you’ll need to use a socket on a ratchet wrench to make your adjustments.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Raising or Lowering the Vehicle\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lift up the car frame with a car jack.\", \"描述\": \"Place a car jack beneath the frame of your vehicle and lift your tire off the ground. Check the tire is at least 1 in (2.5 cm) from the ground, so your torsion adjustments don’t put too much pressure on the wheel area. If possible, try using full stand jacks that lift your entire vehicle off the ground.\\nIt’s okay if you can only adjust 1 tire at a time. Just make sure that you’ve always jacked up the side of the car that you’re working on.\\nIf you don’t jack up your car, you’ll damage the adjuster bolts.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Slide under the vehicle with a ratchet wrench and socket.\", \"描述\": \"Work towards the edge of the vehicle, using the control arm to locate the center torsion bar. Find the bolt that’s closest to your position, and place the socket on a ratchet wrench on top of it.\\nDepending on your vehicle, you might need to use a bigger or smaller wrench to complete these adjustments.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the torsion bar bolt clockwise to raise the vehicle.\", \"描述\": \"Take your tool and slowly rotate it, working the wrench in a clockwise direction. Don’t worry if you can’t move the wrench in a full circle; instead, turn the bolt 180 degrees twice. Take note of how many times you turn the wrench so you can repeat the same procedure on the opposite side.\\nDon’t make huge adjustments right off the bat. Start off by turning the bolt once or twice, then examine the wheel gap between the tire and rim.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn the torsion bar bolt counterclockwise to lower the vehicle.\", \"描述\": \"Slide under your raised vehicle while holding a ratchet wrench with a socket attached. Place the socket over the torsion bolt, twisting the tool in a counter-clockwise direction. Twist the wrench in 180-degree increments if you’re unable to make a full rotation.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Remove the car jack and place it along the other side of the car.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’re safely out from under the vehicle, take out the car jack and place it beneath the vehicle on the opposite side. Use the jack to lift up the other wheel, checking that the tire is off the ground before you continue.\\nAlways use the jack when making any kind of adjustment to your torsion bar, even if it’s minor.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Adjust the torsion bar bolt on the other side of the vehicle in the same way.\", \"描述\": \"Arrange the socket on a ratchet wrench on top of the opposite bolt, and begin rotating the tool. Work the wrench in a circle, turning it the same number of times that you turned the bolt on the other side of the vehicle.\\nMake sure to turn the bolt the same way on this side—clockwise to raise the vehicle or counterclockwise to lower it.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Measure the wheel gap on both tires to ensure that it’s even.\", \"描述\": \"Pull yourself out from under the car and take out your measuring tape. Like you did before, place 1 end of the tape on the tire’s surface while measuring the distance between the tire and rim. Check both front tires to confirm that the measurements are the same.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Make additional adjustments with your wrench as needed.\", \"描述\": \"If there are major height differences between both wheels, go beneath the car and fix any problem areas. Tighten or loosen the bolts as you see fit, pausing to measure in between each adjustment.\\nDon’t test drive your vehicle until these measurements are even.\\nAlways use a car jack when making adjustments beneath your vehicle.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Drive your vehicle a short distance to realign the wheels.\", \"描述\": \"Remove the jack from your car, then take the vehicle out for a spin. Cruise down an empty road, turning and swerving your car or truck in small amounts. When you make these quick movements, you’ll help solidify the car’s new height.\\nIf your vehicle’s suspension seems off, take it to a repair shop for an inspection.\\nDon’t do any dangerous tricks or movements with your vehicle.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If the bolts won’t budge, try spraying the threads with WD-40.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,426
How to Adjust a Trim Tab on an Outboard Motor
1. Changing Power Trim Settings 1-1. Locate the power trim tab controls near the front of your boat. On a boat with power trim tabs, all of the trim tab controls are found in one place. Look for a small digital screen or set of 4 buttons with the word “bow” printed on or next to them. This panel is always located on the helm’s dashboard, but the exact location is different on every boat. Consult your instruction manual if you can’t spot them right away. On some boats, there are 2 levers that go up or down instead of 4 buttons. Power trim tabs are often found on newer and higher-end boats, but you can have them installed on any boat. 1-2. Take your boat out on the water and accelerate to see how it handles. Undock the boat and take it out on the water. Accelerate, turn right, and turn left. Pay attention to how the boat is handling to determine if it’s plane or not. If the ride is smooth when you accelerate and turning is balanced, you don’t need to adjust the trim tabs. If the boat feels like it’s tilted or listed, pay attention to the angle to make adjustments to the trim tabs. A boat is plane when the bow (front) of the boat rests at an angle where it glides over the water. Unless you’re dealing with extremely choppy or calm waters, the main goal with the trim tabs is to make the boat plane. Trim tabs don’t do anything when you’re in idle or resting in the water. You need to get up to speed to see how the boat handles before making trim tab adjustments. Once you understand the trim tab controls, you can adjust them every time you hit the water to customize the way your boat handles based on the conditions. 1-3. Adjust the bow down if the helm feels like it’s tilted too high. If the front of your boat tilts up when you accelerate straight, keep the boat at a consistent speed and press both “bow” buttons down at the same time. Continue pressing them down until the front of the boat tilts forward and you reach plane. You know you’re plane when the boat feels like it’s gliding over the water. Press and release both buttons for the same period of time. You can cause problems for the angle of the boat if you only press one of the buttons while your boat is level. Pressing the “bow” down will cause the trim tabs to raise up and pull water up behind the back of the boat. This causes the boat to pitch forward. If the bow tilts too far up, you can’t see in front of you. It will also make it harder to handle the boat when the water is choppy or it’s windy out, since a higher percentage of the hull will be sticking out of the water. 1-4. Move the bow up if you’re tilted forward or you want to increase speed. If the boat bounces a little when you accelerate or it feels like the bow is digging down into the water, press both “bow” buttons up at the same time. Continue shifting the boat up until you reach plane and release the buttons at the same time. This lowers the trim tabs and decreases drag a little. This will cause the back of the boat to push forward and raise the angle as you accelerate. If the boat tilts too far forward, it will bounce up and down as the front of the hull keeps punching through the water. If the bow tilts too far down, a larger percentage of the hull touches the water. This will harm your gas mileage and make it hard to turn the boat when you’re accelerating. 1-5. Adjust the starboard or port sides separately if the boat is listing. If you aren’t plane or you have visitors on your boat shifting the weight, your boat may list to the port (left) or starboard (right) side. If this is the case, move one side of the bow up or down depending on which side is listing. Keep moving the left or right side buttons up or down until you make the boat level and you feel like you’re standing perpendicular to the water. If you’re by yourself and the boat feels level, only press the buttons at the same time. Messing with the vertical angle of the boat triggers handling issues if the weight is already even. 2. Adjusting the Motor and Stabilizing Trim 2-1. Find the buttons on your control grip to adjust the motor trim vertically. In the driver’s seat, look on the side of your control grip handle for 2 buttons that point up and down. These adjust the trim of the motor and move it up or down. With this style of trim, you can manipulate the angle of the boat by moving the motor. The motor trim isn’t technically a trim tab. However, your manual may refer to it as a trim tab since it performs the same basic function. 2-2. Trim the motor up to lower the angle of the bow and improve control. Press the higher button on the control grip to move the motor up and shift the boat forward. This will push the boat down into the water and make it easier to see and control your boat, although you’ll give up some speed and gas mileage. This can be kind of confusing since the “up” button moves you down and the “down” button moves you up. You’ll get used to this over time. This is generally a good move if the water is choppy or you’re struggling to control the boat when you turn. By pushing the bow forward, you stabilize the boat against the surface of the water. This makes it much easier to steer and you’ll decrease any rocking you’re experiencing from choppy waves. 2-3. Shift the motor down to raise the angle of the boat and reduce drag. Press on the lower button on the side of the control grip to lower the motor. This will raise your bow by shifting the angle of your motor forward and pushing the boat up from the water. This is a great option if you’re moving at a consistent pace on calmer water and want to improve your gas mileage and speed. When you move the bow forward, you reduce the percentage of the hull that is dragging in the water. This increases your speed, but you give up a little bit of control by doing this. 2-4. Rotate the dial on the helm to adjust a stabilizing trim tab. If you have a small rotating dial on the dashboard near the helm, this is your stabilizing trim tab and it controls the list of the boat. This is extremely simple: turn the dial to the right to shift the boat to the starboard side and turn the dial to the left to shift the boat to port size. You only need to toy with this dial if you have an uneven weight distribution and you’re struggling to get plane. A boat is plane when it feels like you’re gliding over the water. This only happens when the bottom of the boat rests evenly against the water at a slight upward angle. If the boat is listing, you can’t get plane. If there is a screw on top of this tab, turn it 1-2 times with a screwdriver to unlock the tab. Retighten the screw once you get the boat level. Like the motor trim, this is technically not a trim tab but it performs the same basic function. Some boats have power trim controls for the tabs on the side and one of these dials for the trims on the motor. If your boat has both, never use the dial to adjust the list of the boat. Only use the power trim tabs since they’re easier to adjust on the fly. Tips If you know you have trim tabs but you don’t see controls, you have automatic trim tabs. These trim tabs are not adjustable, but they automatically move if the boat gets out of plane.[10] X Research source Some boats don’t have trim tabs. They’re not mandatory since they don’t perform an essential purpose, but you can pay a boat mechanic to install them on your boat if you want better gas mileage and performance! Expect to spend $200-1,500 depending on the size of your boat and the type of trim tabs you get installed.[11] X Research source Warnings Unfortunately, you cannot install trim tabs yourself unless you really know what you’re doing. Installing trim tabs involves running hydraulic lines through your boat, messing with your boat’s electrical components, and drilling into the hull. If you don’t get a professional to do it, it may cost thousands of dollars in damages and you may run into danger on the water.[12] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:18", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Changing Power Trim Settings\\n1-1. Locate the power trim tab controls near the front of your boat.\\nOn a boat with power trim tabs, all of the trim tab controls are found in one place. Look for a small digital screen or set of 4 buttons with the word “bow” printed on or next to them. This panel is always located on the helm’s dashboard, but the exact location is different on every boat. Consult your instruction manual if you can’t spot them right away.\\nOn some boats, there are 2 levers that go up or down instead of 4 buttons.\\nPower trim tabs are often found on newer and higher-end boats, but you can have them installed on any boat.\\n1-2. Take your boat out on the water and accelerate to see how it handles.\\nUndock the boat and take it out on the water. Accelerate, turn right, and turn left. Pay attention to how the boat is handling to determine if it’s plane or not. If the ride is smooth when you accelerate and turning is balanced, you don’t need to adjust the trim tabs. If the boat feels like it’s tilted or listed, pay attention to the angle to make adjustments to the trim tabs.\\nA boat is plane when the bow (front) of the boat rests at an angle where it glides over the water. Unless you’re dealing with extremely choppy or calm waters, the main goal with the trim tabs is to make the boat plane.\\nTrim tabs don’t do anything when you’re in idle or resting in the water. You need to get up to speed to see how the boat handles before making trim tab adjustments.\\nOnce you understand the trim tab controls, you can adjust them every time you hit the water to customize the way your boat handles based on the conditions.\\n1-3. Adjust the bow down if the helm feels like it’s tilted too high.\\nIf the front of your boat tilts up when you accelerate straight, keep the boat at a consistent speed and press both “bow” buttons down at the same time. Continue pressing them down until the front of the boat tilts forward and you reach plane. You know you’re plane when the boat feels like it’s gliding over the water.\\nPress and release both buttons for the same period of time. You can cause problems for the angle of the boat if you only press one of the buttons while your boat is level.\\nPressing the “bow” down will cause the trim tabs to raise up and pull water up behind the back of the boat. This causes the boat to pitch forward.\\nIf the bow tilts too far up, you can’t see in front of you. It will also make it harder to handle the boat when the water is choppy or it’s windy out, since a higher percentage of the hull will be sticking out of the water.\\n1-4. Move the bow up if you’re tilted forward or you want to increase speed.\\nIf the boat bounces a little when you accelerate or it feels like the bow is digging down into the water, press both “bow” buttons up at the same time. Continue shifting the boat up until you reach plane and release the buttons at the same time.\\nThis lowers the trim tabs and decreases drag a little. This will cause the back of the boat to push forward and raise the angle as you accelerate.\\nIf the boat tilts too far forward, it will bounce up and down as the front of the hull keeps punching through the water.\\nIf the bow tilts too far down, a larger percentage of the hull touches the water. This will harm your gas mileage and make it hard to turn the boat when you’re accelerating.\\n1-5. Adjust the starboard or port sides separately if the boat is listing.\\nIf you aren’t plane or you have visitors on your boat shifting the weight, your boat may list to the port (left) or starboard (right) side. If this is the case, move one side of the bow up or down depending on which side is listing. Keep moving the left or right side buttons up or down until you make the boat level and you feel like you’re standing perpendicular to the water.\\nIf you’re by yourself and the boat feels level, only press the buttons at the same time. Messing with the vertical angle of the boat triggers handling issues if the weight is already even.\\n2. Adjusting the Motor and Stabilizing Trim\\n2-1. Find the buttons on your control grip to adjust the motor trim vertically.\\nIn the driver’s seat, look on the side of your control grip handle for 2 buttons that point up and down. These adjust the trim of the motor and move it up or down. With this style of trim, you can manipulate the angle of the boat by moving the motor.\\nThe motor trim isn’t technically a trim tab. However, your manual may refer to it as a trim tab since it performs the same basic function.\\n2-2. Trim the motor up to lower the angle of the bow and improve control.\\nPress the higher button on the control grip to move the motor up and shift the boat forward. This will push the boat down into the water and make it easier to see and control your boat, although you’ll give up some speed and gas mileage.\\nThis can be kind of confusing since the “up” button moves you down and the “down” button moves you up. You’ll get used to this over time.\\nThis is generally a good move if the water is choppy or you’re struggling to control the boat when you turn. By pushing the bow forward, you stabilize the boat against the surface of the water. This makes it much easier to steer and you’ll decrease any rocking you’re experiencing from choppy waves.\\n2-3. Shift the motor down to raise the angle of the boat and reduce drag.\\nPress on the lower button on the side of the control grip to lower the motor. This will raise your bow by shifting the angle of your motor forward and pushing the boat up from the water. This is a great option if you’re moving at a consistent pace on calmer water and want to improve your gas mileage and speed.\\nWhen you move the bow forward, you reduce the percentage of the hull that is dragging in the water. This increases your speed, but you give up a little bit of control by doing this.\\n2-4. Rotate the dial on the helm to adjust a stabilizing trim tab.\\nIf you have a small rotating dial on the dashboard near the helm, this is your stabilizing trim tab and it controls the list of the boat. This is extremely simple: turn the dial to the right to shift the boat to the starboard side and turn the dial to the left to shift the boat to port size. You only need to toy with this dial if you have an uneven weight distribution and you’re struggling to get plane.\\nA boat is plane when it feels like you’re gliding over the water. This only happens when the bottom of the boat rests evenly against the water at a slight upward angle. If the boat is listing, you can’t get plane.\\nIf there is a screw on top of this tab, turn it 1-2 times with a screwdriver to unlock the tab. Retighten the screw once you get the boat level.\\nLike the motor trim, this is technically not a trim tab but it performs the same basic function.\\nSome boats have power trim controls for the tabs on the side and one of these dials for the trims on the motor. If your boat has both, never use the dial to adjust the list of the boat. Only use the power trim tabs since they’re easier to adjust on the fly.\\nTips\\nIf you know you have trim tabs but you don’t see controls, you have automatic trim tabs. These trim tabs are not adjustable, but they automatically move if the boat gets out of plane.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nSome boats don’t have trim tabs. They’re not mandatory since they don’t perform an essential purpose, but you can pay a boat mechanic to install them on your boat if you want better gas mileage and performance! Expect to spend $200-1,500 depending on the size of your boat and the type of trim tabs you get installed.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nUnfortunately, you cannot install trim tabs yourself unless you really know what you’re doing. Installing trim tabs involves running hydraulic lines through your boat, messing with your boat’s electrical components, and drilling into the hull. If you don’t get a professional to do it, it may cost thousands of dollars in damages and you may run into danger on the water.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"In boating, trim is the general term for the angle of the boat as it sits in the water when you accelerate. If the front of the boat, called the bow, is too high, you won’t be able to control the boat in the water. If the bow is too low, your gas mileage suffers and you won’t be able to accelerate very well. This is where trim tabs come in. Trim tabs are optional fins that rest on the back of boats with outboard motors to adjust the angle of the bow while you accelerate. Keep in mind, if you do not have power trim tabs, you can still manipulate the angle of the bow the same way by adjusting the motor and stabilizing trim.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Changing Power Trim Settings\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate the power trim tab controls near the front of your boat.\", \"描述\": \"On a boat with power trim tabs, all of the trim tab controls are found in one place. Look for a small digital screen or set of 4 buttons with the word “bow” printed on or next to them. This panel is always located on the helm’s dashboard, but the exact location is different on every boat. Consult your instruction manual if you can’t spot them right away.\\nOn some boats, there are 2 levers that go up or down instead of 4 buttons.\\nPower trim tabs are often found on newer and higher-end boats, but you can have them installed on any boat.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take your boat out on the water and accelerate to see how it handles.\", \"描述\": \"Undock the boat and take it out on the water. Accelerate, turn right, and turn left. Pay attention to how the boat is handling to determine if it’s plane or not. If the ride is smooth when you accelerate and turning is balanced, you don’t need to adjust the trim tabs. If the boat feels like it’s tilted or listed, pay attention to the angle to make adjustments to the trim tabs.\\nA boat is plane when the bow (front) of the boat rests at an angle where it glides over the water. Unless you’re dealing with extremely choppy or calm waters, the main goal with the trim tabs is to make the boat plane.\\nTrim tabs don’t do anything when you’re in idle or resting in the water. You need to get up to speed to see how the boat handles before making trim tab adjustments.\\nOnce you understand the trim tab controls, you can adjust them every time you hit the water to customize the way your boat handles based on the conditions.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjust the bow down if the helm feels like it’s tilted too high.\", \"描述\": \"If the front of your boat tilts up when you accelerate straight, keep the boat at a consistent speed and press both “bow” buttons down at the same time. Continue pressing them down until the front of the boat tilts forward and you reach plane. You know you’re plane when the boat feels like it’s gliding over the water.\\nPress and release both buttons for the same period of time. You can cause problems for the angle of the boat if you only press one of the buttons while your boat is level.\\nPressing the “bow” down will cause the trim tabs to raise up and pull water up behind the back of the boat. This causes the boat to pitch forward.\\nIf the bow tilts too far up, you can’t see in front of you. It will also make it harder to handle the boat when the water is choppy or it’s windy out, since a higher percentage of the hull will be sticking out of the water.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Move the bow up if you’re tilted forward or you want to increase speed.\", \"描述\": \"If the boat bounces a little when you accelerate or it feels like the bow is digging down into the water, press both “bow” buttons up at the same time. Continue shifting the boat up until you reach plane and release the buttons at the same time.\\nThis lowers the trim tabs and decreases drag a little. This will cause the back of the boat to push forward and raise the angle as you accelerate.\\nIf the boat tilts too far forward, it will bounce up and down as the front of the hull keeps punching through the water.\\nIf the bow tilts too far down, a larger percentage of the hull touches the water. This will harm your gas mileage and make it hard to turn the boat when you’re accelerating.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Adjust the starboard or port sides separately if the boat is listing.\", \"描述\": \"If you aren’t plane or you have visitors on your boat shifting the weight, your boat may list to the port (left) or starboard (right) side. If this is the case, move one side of the bow up or down depending on which side is listing. Keep moving the left or right side buttons up or down until you make the boat level and you feel like you’re standing perpendicular to the water.\\nIf you’re by yourself and the boat feels level, only press the buttons at the same time. Messing with the vertical angle of the boat triggers handling issues if the weight is already even.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Motor and Stabilizing Trim\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the buttons on your control grip to adjust the motor trim vertically.\", \"描述\": \"In the driver’s seat, look on the side of your control grip handle for 2 buttons that point up and down. These adjust the trim of the motor and move it up or down. With this style of trim, you can manipulate the angle of the boat by moving the motor.\\nThe motor trim isn’t technically a trim tab. However, your manual may refer to it as a trim tab since it performs the same basic function.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Trim the motor up to lower the angle of the bow and improve control.\", \"描述\": \"Press the higher button on the control grip to move the motor up and shift the boat forward. This will push the boat down into the water and make it easier to see and control your boat, although you’ll give up some speed and gas mileage.\\nThis can be kind of confusing since the “up” button moves you down and the “down” button moves you up. You’ll get used to this over time.\\nThis is generally a good move if the water is choppy or you’re struggling to control the boat when you turn. By pushing the bow forward, you stabilize the boat against the surface of the water. This makes it much easier to steer and you’ll decrease any rocking you’re experiencing from choppy waves.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Shift the motor down to raise the angle of the boat and reduce drag.\", \"描述\": \"Press on the lower button on the side of the control grip to lower the motor. This will raise your bow by shifting the angle of your motor forward and pushing the boat up from the water. This is a great option if you’re moving at a consistent pace on calmer water and want to improve your gas mileage and speed.\\nWhen you move the bow forward, you reduce the percentage of the hull that is dragging in the water. This increases your speed, but you give up a little bit of control by doing this.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rotate the dial on the helm to adjust a stabilizing trim tab.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a small rotating dial on the dashboard near the helm, this is your stabilizing trim tab and it controls the list of the boat. This is extremely simple: turn the dial to the right to shift the boat to the starboard side and turn the dial to the left to shift the boat to port size. You only need to toy with this dial if you have an uneven weight distribution and you’re struggling to get plane.\\nA boat is plane when it feels like you’re gliding over the water. This only happens when the bottom of the boat rests evenly against the water at a slight upward angle. If the boat is listing, you can’t get plane.\\nIf there is a screw on top of this tab, turn it 1-2 times with a screwdriver to unlock the tab. Retighten the screw once you get the boat level.\\nLike the motor trim, this is technically not a trim tab but it performs the same basic function.\\nSome boats have power trim controls for the tabs on the side and one of these dials for the trims on the motor. If your boat has both, never use the dial to adjust the list of the boat. Only use the power trim tabs since they’re easier to adjust on the fly.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you know you have trim tabs but you don’t see controls, you have automatic trim tabs. These trim tabs are not adjustable, but they automatically move if the boat gets out of plane.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Some boats don’t have trim tabs. They’re not mandatory since they don’t perform an essential purpose, but you can pay a boat mechanic to install them on your boat if you want better gas mileage and performance! Expect to spend $200-1,500 depending on the size of your boat and the type of trim tabs you get installed.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Unfortunately, you cannot install trim tabs yourself unless you really know what you’re doing. Installing trim tabs involves running hydraulic lines through your boat, messing with your boat’s electrical components, and drilling into the hull. If you don’t get a professional to do it, it may cost thousands of dollars in damages and you may run into danger on the water.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,427
How to Adjust a Truss Rod on a Bass
1. Measuring the Space 1-1. Hold the bass in playing position in your lap. Rest the bass guitar in your lap as though you were going to play it. Balance the body of the bass on your lap so you can use both of your hands to adjust the truss rod. Laying the bass flat puts tension on the neck, which will affect the accuracy of your measurements and adjustments. 1-2. Clamp a capo across the first fret at the top of the fretboard. Take a capo and squeeze the handle to open it. Place it over the 1st fret at the very top of the neck of the bass and clamp it into place so all of the strings are depressed over the fret. A capo is a device that attaches to the neck of the bass to hold down the strings across a specific fret, which are the small metal lines along the neck. You can find capos at music supply stores and online. 1-3. Press the E string down on the fret where the body and neck meet. The E string is the largest string and is the first string from the top when you’re holding the bass in playing position. With the capo in place across 1st fret, locate the fret where the body of the bass connects with the neck. Use your finger to press down on the string and hold it so it stays depressed. 1-4. Slide a 0.015 in (0.38 mm) feeler gauge beneath the string on the 7th fret. A feeler gauge is a thin blade that’s used to measure small gaps. Take a feeler gauge and check to see if there is space between the E string and the metal of the 7th fret. If there’s space, then the truss rod needs to be tightened. If the feeler gauge lifts the string when you slide it over the fret, then the truss rod needs to be loosened. You can find feeler gauges at hardware stores, department stores, and online. 2. Turning the Truss Rod 2-1. Unscrew the truss rod cover if your bass has one. At the top of the neck of your bass, look just below the strings for a small slot. If there’s a small screw covering it, use a Phillips screwdriver to take off the covering to expose the truss rod. Set the cover aside so you can replace it later. The truss rod look like a slot that fits an Allen wrench. Not all bass guitars will have a cover over the truss rod. 2-2. Insert an Allen wrench into the truss rod adjustment at the top of the neck. Take an Allen wrench that fits the slot for the truss rod adjustment. Insert it so the wrench is sticking straight up so you can turn it left or right. Keep the wrench in place. Different bass guitars may have differently sized truss rod adjustment slots, so you’ll need to use an Allen wrench that fits it. 2-3. Turn the wrench to the left if the feeler gauge lifted the E string. If the feeler gauge raised the first string whenever you slid it beneath it on the 7th fret, then the truss rod is too tight and needs to be loosened to ease tension on the neck of the instrument. Rotate the Allen wrench counterclockwise, or to the left, about 1 inch (2.5 cm). Use a gentle rotation so you don’t put too much stress on the truss rod at once. 2-4. Rotate the wrench to the right to tighten the truss rod. If there was extra space around the feeler gauge whenever you checked the E string, then the truss rod is too loose and needs to be tightened to counteract the pull of the strings on the neck. Give the Allen wrench about a 1 inch (2.5 cm) turn to the right, or clockwise to tighten it. Use small movements to adjust the truss rod so you don’t bend or warp anything. 2-5. Recheck the space between the E string and 7th fret with your feeler gauge. Once you make an adjustment, leave the wrench in the adjustment slot and take another measurement. Press the E string down on the fret where the body and neck meet with your fingers and use your feeler gauge to check the space between the string and the 7th fret. Check the space anytime you make an adjustment. 2-6. Make adjustments until the E string is even with the fret. As you turn the Allen wrench to tighten or loosen the truss rod, take measurements with your feeler gauge. When the E string is even with the 7th fret and you’re able to slide your feeler gauge beneath the string without raising it or without any extra space around it, the truss rod is properly adjusted. You may need to make several micro-adjustments to get the truss rod back in line. 2-7. Remove the Allen wrench and replace the truss rod cover. When you’re finished adjusting the truss rod, take out the Allen wrench and remove the capo from the neck. If your bass has a truss rod cover, use your screwdriver to screw it back into place. Don’t overtighten the screw on the truss rod cover or you could potentially crack the wood.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:18", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Measuring the Space\\n1-1. Hold the bass in playing position in your lap.\\nRest the bass guitar in your lap as though you were going to play it. Balance the body of the bass on your lap so you can use both of your hands to adjust the truss rod.\\nLaying the bass flat puts tension on the neck, which will affect the accuracy of your measurements and adjustments.\\n1-2. Clamp a capo across the first fret at the top of the fretboard.\\nTake a capo and squeeze the handle to open it. Place it over the 1st fret at the very top of the neck of the bass and clamp it into place so all of the strings are depressed over the fret.\\nA capo is a device that attaches to the neck of the bass to hold down the strings across a specific fret, which are the small metal lines along the neck. You can find capos at music supply stores and online.\\n1-3. Press the E string down on the fret where the body and neck meet.\\nThe E string is the largest string and is the first string from the top when you’re holding the bass in playing position. With the capo in place across 1st fret, locate the fret where the body of the bass connects with the neck. Use your finger to press down on the string and hold it so it stays depressed.\\n1-4. Slide a 0.015 in (0.38 mm) feeler gauge beneath the string on the 7th fret.\\nA feeler gauge is a thin blade that’s used to measure small gaps. Take a feeler gauge and check to see if there is space between the E string and the metal of the 7th fret. If there’s space, then the truss rod needs to be tightened. If the feeler gauge lifts the string when you slide it over the fret, then the truss rod needs to be loosened.\\nYou can find feeler gauges at hardware stores, department stores, and online.\\n2. Turning the Truss Rod\\n2-1. Unscrew the truss rod cover if your bass has one.\\nAt the top of the neck of your bass, look just below the strings for a small slot. If there’s a small screw covering it, use a Phillips screwdriver to take off the covering to expose the truss rod. Set the cover aside so you can replace it later.\\nThe truss rod look like a slot that fits an Allen wrench.\\nNot all bass guitars will have a cover over the truss rod.\\n2-2. Insert an Allen wrench into the truss rod adjustment at the top of the neck.\\nTake an Allen wrench that fits the slot for the truss rod adjustment. Insert it so the wrench is sticking straight up so you can turn it left or right. Keep the wrench in place.\\nDifferent bass guitars may have differently sized truss rod adjustment slots, so you’ll need to use an Allen wrench that fits it.\\n2-3. Turn the wrench to the left if the feeler gauge lifted the E string.\\nIf the feeler gauge raised the first string whenever you slid it beneath it on the 7th fret, then the truss rod is too tight and needs to be loosened to ease tension on the neck of the instrument. Rotate the Allen wrench counterclockwise, or to the left, about 1 inch (2.5 cm).\\nUse a gentle rotation so you don’t put too much stress on the truss rod at once.\\n2-4. Rotate the wrench to the right to tighten the truss rod.\\nIf there was extra space around the feeler gauge whenever you checked the E string, then the truss rod is too loose and needs to be tightened to counteract the pull of the strings on the neck. Give the Allen wrench about a 1 inch (2.5 cm) turn to the right, or clockwise to tighten it.\\nUse small movements to adjust the truss rod so you don’t bend or warp anything.\\n2-5. Recheck the space between the E string and 7th fret with your feeler gauge.\\nOnce you make an adjustment, leave the wrench in the adjustment slot and take another measurement. Press the E string down on the fret where the body and neck meet with your fingers and use your feeler gauge to check the space between the string and the 7th fret.\\nCheck the space anytime you make an adjustment.\\n2-6. Make adjustments until the E string is even with the fret.\\nAs you turn the Allen wrench to tighten or loosen the truss rod, take measurements with your feeler gauge. When the E string is even with the 7th fret and you’re able to slide your feeler gauge beneath the string without raising it or without any extra space around it, the truss rod is properly adjusted.\\nYou may need to make several micro-adjustments to get the truss rod back in line.\\n2-7. Remove the Allen wrench and replace the truss rod cover.\\nWhen you’re finished adjusting the truss rod, take out the Allen wrench and remove the capo from the neck. If your bass has a truss rod cover, use your screwdriver to screw it back into place.\\nDon’t overtighten the screw on the truss rod cover or you could potentially crack the wood.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A truss rod is a steel bar that runs through the neck of a bass guitar and helps to stabilize it. Over time, the wooden neck of your bass will bend or straighten slightly because of factors like the constant pull of the strings and changes in temperature and humidity. Fortunately, you can easily adjust the truss rod with an Allen wrench to move the neck back in line so your bass can continue to produce quality sound.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Measuring the Space\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Hold the bass in playing position in your lap.\", \"描述\": \"Rest the bass guitar in your lap as though you were going to play it. Balance the body of the bass on your lap so you can use both of your hands to adjust the truss rod.\\nLaying the bass flat puts tension on the neck, which will affect the accuracy of your measurements and adjustments.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Clamp a capo across the first fret at the top of the fretboard.\", \"描述\": \"Take a capo and squeeze the handle to open it. Place it over the 1st fret at the very top of the neck of the bass and clamp it into place so all of the strings are depressed over the fret.\\nA capo is a device that attaches to the neck of the bass to hold down the strings across a specific fret, which are the small metal lines along the neck. You can find capos at music supply stores and online.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Press the E string down on the fret where the body and neck meet.\", \"描述\": \"The E string is the largest string and is the first string from the top when you’re holding the bass in playing position. With the capo in place across 1st fret, locate the fret where the body of the bass connects with the neck. Use your finger to press down on the string and hold it so it stays depressed.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Slide a 0.015 in (0.38 mm) feeler gauge beneath the string on the 7th fret.\", \"描述\": \"A feeler gauge is a thin blade that’s used to measure small gaps. Take a feeler gauge and check to see if there is space between the E string and the metal of the 7th fret. If there’s space, then the truss rod needs to be tightened. If the feeler gauge lifts the string when you slide it over the fret, then the truss rod needs to be loosened.\\nYou can find feeler gauges at hardware stores, department stores, and online.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turning the Truss Rod\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unscrew the truss rod cover if your bass has one.\", \"描述\": \"At the top of the neck of your bass, look just below the strings for a small slot. If there’s a small screw covering it, use a Phillips screwdriver to take off the covering to expose the truss rod. Set the cover aside so you can replace it later.\\nThe truss rod look like a slot that fits an Allen wrench.\\nNot all bass guitars will have a cover over the truss rod.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Insert an Allen wrench into the truss rod adjustment at the top of the neck.\", \"描述\": \"Take an Allen wrench that fits the slot for the truss rod adjustment. Insert it so the wrench is sticking straight up so you can turn it left or right. Keep the wrench in place.\\nDifferent bass guitars may have differently sized truss rod adjustment slots, so you’ll need to use an Allen wrench that fits it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the wrench to the left if the feeler gauge lifted the E string.\", \"描述\": \"If the feeler gauge raised the first string whenever you slid it beneath it on the 7th fret, then the truss rod is too tight and needs to be loosened to ease tension on the neck of the instrument. Rotate the Allen wrench counterclockwise, or to the left, about 1 inch (2.5 cm).\\nUse a gentle rotation so you don’t put too much stress on the truss rod at once.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rotate the wrench to the right to tighten the truss rod.\", \"描述\": \"If there was extra space around the feeler gauge whenever you checked the E string, then the truss rod is too loose and needs to be tightened to counteract the pull of the strings on the neck. Give the Allen wrench about a 1 inch (2.5 cm) turn to the right, or clockwise to tighten it.\\nUse small movements to adjust the truss rod so you don’t bend or warp anything.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Recheck the space between the E string and 7th fret with your feeler gauge.\", \"描述\": \"Once you make an adjustment, leave the wrench in the adjustment slot and take another measurement. Press the E string down on the fret where the body and neck meet with your fingers and use your feeler gauge to check the space between the string and the 7th fret.\\nCheck the space anytime you make an adjustment.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Make adjustments until the E string is even with the fret.\", \"描述\": \"As you turn the Allen wrench to tighten or loosen the truss rod, take measurements with your feeler gauge. When the E string is even with the 7th fret and you’re able to slide your feeler gauge beneath the string without raising it or without any extra space around it, the truss rod is properly adjusted.\\nYou may need to make several micro-adjustments to get the truss rod back in line.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Remove the Allen wrench and replace the truss rod cover.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re finished adjusting the truss rod, take out the Allen wrench and remove the capo from the neck. If your bass has a truss rod cover, use your screwdriver to screw it back into place.\\nDon’t overtighten the screw on the truss rod cover or you could potentially crack the wood.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,428
How to Adjust a UPVC Window
1. Adjusting the Height of the Window in the Frame 1-1. Inspect the bottom of the sash to see if it fits in the frame. Open and close your uPVC window a few times. The bottom of the sash should slide smoothly into the window frame. If it doesn’t, but instead sticks against the frame or seal, the windows needs its height raised. On the other hand, if your uPVC window sash doesn’t quite contact the window frame when shut, but rests about ⁄16 inch (0.16 cm) above them, you’ll need to lower the window’s height. A window “sash” is the panel—typically made of multiple glass panes—which raises and lowers to open the window. 1-2. Open the window completely. This will give you easy access to the small screws that you’ll need to loosen in order to alter the window’s height. Since adjusting the window may take 15-20 minutes, plan to do it on a rain-free day. 1-3. Loosen the 4 screws holding the uPVC casement to the left side of the frame. Once the window is opened, you will see 4 small screws holding a metal strip to the window frame. Loosen each of these screws about 1 full turn. The casement of a uPVC window is the metal strip which fastens directly to the wooden window frame. The hinges which allow the window to be opened and shut also attach to the casement. When adjusting the window’s height, do not loosen the screws holding the hinges to the frame. 1-4. Loosen the screws holding the window casement to the right side of the frame. Now that you’ve loosened screws on one side of the casement, loosen the screws on the right-hand side of the frame. As you did before, turn each screw 1 full turn counterclockwise to loosen it. All 8 of the screws holding the window sash to the casement will most likely take a large Phillips head screwdriver. If this doesn’t fit, test out different sizes of Phillips head until you find one that fits snugly into the screw. 1-5. Press or lift the window sash to adjust the height. Once the 8 screws have been loosened, you will be able to raise or lower the height of the moveable window panel. Move the window a small increment downward (if the window hasn’t been closing fully) or upward (if the window sticks against the frame when closing). You may need to support the weight of the window panel until the screws have been tightened again. If the panel is very heavy, it may be pulled downward under its own weight. 1-6. Tighten the 8 screws once the sash has been adjusted. Once the window has been adjusted, give each of the 8 screws that you previously loosened a full turn clockwise to tighten them. Then, shut the window a few times to confirm that it opens and closes properly. At this point, your uPVC window should fit snugly into the frame when closed. This will also stop any drafts that have been coming into your home through the unaligned window. 2. Adjusting the Lock Position for a Better Seal 2-1. Open your uPVC window and find the lock-adjustment head. If your style of uPVC window opens outwards, rather than upwards, you can move the lock on the sash forwards or backwards. Look on the lower half of the open window sash, about halfway between the lock and the bottom of the sash. Adjusting the position of the lock will help your window seal properly if the locked window has been lose and drafty or if the lock mechanism doesn’t quite catch and seal the window properly. This style of window is called a “long-bottom lock,” and the part that lets you adjust the lock’s position is called the “head.” 2-2. Insert an Allen wrench into the lock head. On most brands of uPVC window, an Allen wrench is used to move the placement of the lock. If you don’t already own Allen wrenches, you can purchase a set of them at a local hardware store. 2-3. Turn the wrench clockwise or counterclockwise to move the lock backwards or forwards. Turning the wrench clockwise will move the lock backwards (farther out from the lock mechanism) and increase the pressure exerted on the window when locked. This will improve the seal and stop any drafts. Turning the wrench counterclockwise will relax the pressure when the window is shut. Try this approach if your window hasn’t been locking fully, or requires a great deal of force to lock. Tips In the U.S., uPVC is also commonly known as vinyl siding or rigid PVC. The material used to make uPVC is similar in composition to PVC piping, although uPVC is harder and less flexible.[10] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:19", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting the Height of the Window in the Frame\\n1-1. Inspect the bottom of the sash to see if it fits in the frame.\\nOpen and close your uPVC window a few times. The bottom of the sash should slide smoothly into the window frame. If it doesn’t, but instead sticks against the frame or seal, the windows needs its height raised.\\nOn the other hand, if your uPVC window sash doesn’t quite contact the window frame when shut, but rests about ⁄16 inch (0.16 cm) above them, you’ll need to lower the window’s height.\\nA window “sash” is the panel—typically made of multiple glass panes—which raises and lowers to open the window.\\n1-2. Open the window completely.\\nThis will give you easy access to the small screws that you’ll need to loosen in order to alter the window’s height.\\nSince adjusting the window may take 15-20 minutes, plan to do it on a rain-free day.\\n1-3. Loosen the 4 screws holding the uPVC casement to the left side of the frame.\\nOnce the window is opened, you will see 4 small screws holding a metal strip to the window frame. Loosen each of these screws about 1 full turn.\\nThe casement of a uPVC window is the metal strip which fastens directly to the wooden window frame. The hinges which allow the window to be opened and shut also attach to the casement.\\nWhen adjusting the window’s height, do not loosen the screws holding the hinges to the frame.\\n1-4. Loosen the screws holding the window casement to the right side of the frame.\\nNow that you’ve loosened screws on one side of the casement, loosen the screws on the right-hand side of the frame. As you did before, turn each screw 1 full turn counterclockwise to loosen it.\\nAll 8 of the screws holding the window sash to the casement will most likely take a large Phillips head screwdriver. If this doesn’t fit, test out different sizes of Phillips head until you find one that fits snugly into the screw.\\n1-5. Press or lift the window sash to adjust the height.\\nOnce the 8 screws have been loosened, you will be able to raise or lower the height of the moveable window panel. Move the window a small increment downward (if the window hasn’t been closing fully) or upward (if the window sticks against the frame when closing).\\nYou may need to support the weight of the window panel until the screws have been tightened again. If the panel is very heavy, it may be pulled downward under its own weight.\\n1-6. Tighten the 8 screws once the sash has been adjusted.\\nOnce the window has been adjusted, give each of the 8 screws that you previously loosened a full turn clockwise to tighten them. Then, shut the window a few times to confirm that it opens and closes properly.\\nAt this point, your uPVC window should fit snugly into the frame when closed. This will also stop any drafts that have been coming into your home through the unaligned window.\\n2. Adjusting the Lock Position for a Better Seal\\n2-1. Open your uPVC window and find the lock-adjustment head.\\nIf your style of uPVC window opens outwards, rather than upwards, you can move the lock on the sash forwards or backwards. Look on the lower half of the open window sash, about halfway between the lock and the bottom of the sash.\\nAdjusting the position of the lock will help your window seal properly if the locked window has been lose and drafty or if the lock mechanism doesn’t quite catch and seal the window properly.\\nThis style of window is called a “long-bottom lock,” and the part that lets you adjust the lock’s position is called the “head.”\\n2-2. Insert an Allen wrench into the lock head.\\nOn most brands of uPVC window, an Allen wrench is used to move the placement of the lock.\\nIf you don’t already own Allen wrenches, you can purchase a set of them at a local hardware store.\\n2-3. Turn the wrench clockwise or counterclockwise to move the lock backwards or forwards.\\nTurning the wrench clockwise will move the lock backwards (farther out from the lock mechanism) and increase the pressure exerted on the window when locked. This will improve the seal and stop any drafts.\\nTurning the wrench counterclockwise will relax the pressure when the window is shut. Try this approach if your window hasn’t been locking fully, or requires a great deal of force to lock.\\nTips\\nIn the U.S., uPVC is also commonly known as vinyl siding or rigid PVC. The material used to make uPVC is similar in composition to PVC piping, although uPVC is harder and less flexible.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"uPVC windows are generally a high-quality window model which doesn’t need much adjustment. uPVC windows typically have hinges and open up and outwards from the window frame (rather than traditional windows which slide upward within the window frame). If you’re noticing drafts around the sides or bottom of your window, you may need to adjust the screws on the inside of the window frame which raise or lower the height of the sash.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Height of the Window in the Frame\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Inspect the bottom of the sash to see if it fits in the frame.\", \"描述\": \"Open and close your uPVC window a few times. The bottom of the sash should slide smoothly into the window frame. If it doesn’t, but instead sticks against the frame or seal, the windows needs its height raised.\\nOn the other hand, if your uPVC window sash doesn’t quite contact the window frame when shut, but rests about ⁄16 inch (0.16 cm) above them, you’ll need to lower the window’s height.\\nA window “sash” is the panel—typically made of multiple glass panes—which raises and lowers to open the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open the window completely.\", \"描述\": \"This will give you easy access to the small screws that you’ll need to loosen in order to alter the window’s height.\\nSince adjusting the window may take 15-20 minutes, plan to do it on a rain-free day.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Loosen the 4 screws holding the uPVC casement to the left side of the frame.\", \"描述\": \"Once the window is opened, you will see 4 small screws holding a metal strip to the window frame. Loosen each of these screws about 1 full turn.\\nThe casement of a uPVC window is the metal strip which fastens directly to the wooden window frame. The hinges which allow the window to be opened and shut also attach to the casement.\\nWhen adjusting the window’s height, do not loosen the screws holding the hinges to the frame.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Loosen the screws holding the window casement to the right side of the frame.\", \"描述\": \"Now that you’ve loosened screws on one side of the casement, loosen the screws on the right-hand side of the frame. As you did before, turn each screw 1 full turn counterclockwise to loosen it.\\nAll 8 of the screws holding the window sash to the casement will most likely take a large Phillips head screwdriver. If this doesn’t fit, test out different sizes of Phillips head until you find one that fits snugly into the screw.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Press or lift the window sash to adjust the height.\", \"描述\": \"Once the 8 screws have been loosened, you will be able to raise or lower the height of the moveable window panel. Move the window a small increment downward (if the window hasn’t been closing fully) or upward (if the window sticks against the frame when closing).\\nYou may need to support the weight of the window panel until the screws have been tightened again. If the panel is very heavy, it may be pulled downward under its own weight.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tighten the 8 screws once the sash has been adjusted.\", \"描述\": \"Once the window has been adjusted, give each of the 8 screws that you previously loosened a full turn clockwise to tighten them. Then, shut the window a few times to confirm that it opens and closes properly.\\nAt this point, your uPVC window should fit snugly into the frame when closed. This will also stop any drafts that have been coming into your home through the unaligned window.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Lock Position for a Better Seal\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your uPVC window and find the lock-adjustment head.\", \"描述\": \"If your style of uPVC window opens outwards, rather than upwards, you can move the lock on the sash forwards or backwards. Look on the lower half of the open window sash, about halfway between the lock and the bottom of the sash.\\nAdjusting the position of the lock will help your window seal properly if the locked window has been lose and drafty or if the lock mechanism doesn’t quite catch and seal the window properly.\\nThis style of window is called a “long-bottom lock,” and the part that lets you adjust the lock’s position is called the “head.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Insert an Allen wrench into the lock head.\", \"描述\": \"On most brands of uPVC window, an Allen wrench is used to move the placement of the lock.\\nIf you don’t already own Allen wrenches, you can purchase a set of them at a local hardware store.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the wrench clockwise or counterclockwise to move the lock backwards or forwards.\", \"描述\": \"Turning the wrench clockwise will move the lock backwards (farther out from the lock mechanism) and increase the pressure exerted on the window when locked. This will improve the seal and stop any drafts.\\nTurning the wrench counterclockwise will relax the pressure when the window is shut. Try this approach if your window hasn’t been locking fully, or requires a great deal of force to lock.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"In the U.S., uPVC is also commonly known as vinyl siding or rigid PVC. The material used to make uPVC is similar in composition to PVC piping, although uPVC is harder and less flexible.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,429
How to Adjust a Watch Band
1. Sizing Your Watch 1-1. Put the watch on without adjusting it. You will need to note how big the watch is. If the watch is very loose, you will have to remove lots of links. If the watch is just slightly loose and you aren't in danger of it falling off, you might consider leaving it as is unless it is bothersome. If your watch is too small, you will have to buy extra links from the manufacturer to make the band larger. 1-2. Find the clasp. Pinch the band evenly from the clasp until it is the proper size. Make sure you have an equal number of links on either side of the clasp that need to be removed. This will make sure the watch itself stays centered on the wrist band. Write down the number of links that need to be removed from either side of the clasp. 1-3. Get your tools assembled. There are several things you will need to adjust your watch band. You will need one or two push pins. You will use these to push the pins that hold the links together out of their holes. Get a pair of needle nosed pliers to help you remove the pins. You will need a small jewelry hammer. Make sure you are working on a flat surface with good lighting. You will need to collect any pins you remove from the band. 2. Removing Links from the Wristband 2-1. Lay the watch on its side on your flat surface. Be sure to leave about ⁄2 centimeter (0.2 in) of space between the bottom of each removable link and the flat surface. Count up the number of links you will need to remove. Find the pin holding the last link in place. This is where you will remove the links. 2-2. Get your pushpins. Use one of the pushpins to push out the pin holding the wristband link in place. Push the sharp end of the pushpin against the head of the link pin. If it doesn't give, use your jewelry hammer to force the head of the pushpin into the hole for the link pin. A small amount of the push pin should now be protruding from the other side of the link. Use the hammer to drive the push pin in further to get more of the link pin out. 2-3. Remove the pin with the pliers. You will have to pull forcefully to get the pin out. Once you have enough of the link pin out of the hole on the other side of the wrist band to grasp it with the pliers, you can use the pliers to get it out. Grasp the end of the pin tightly with the needle nose pliers. Pull it out. The links you need from one side of the clasp should be removed now. You need to repeat the process for the other side of the wrist band now. 2-4. Detach the clasp from the section of removed links. You will need to do this to put it back onto your wristband. Detach it using the same method you did for the links. There should be a pin holding the clasp onto the links. Remove it using the hammer, pushpins, and pliers. You will now re-attach the clasp to the wristband. 2-5. Attach the clasp back onto the wrist band. Line up the link on the clasp with the last link on one side of your wristband. You should see a clear hole where a pin should go to hold the clasp on. Take one of the pins you removed and insert it into this hole. It should go most of the way in on its own, except for the last little bit on the end. Use the hammer to gently pound the pin into the hole the whole way. Repeat this process on the other side of the clasp. Your watch band is now adjusted and assembled. 2-6. Try on the watch. It should now fit without being too big or too small. If you have over-adjusted the watch, try adding a link to each side of the watch band. If you haven't taken enough links out, re-assess how many need to be removed for the watch band to be tight enough and comfortable. Wear the watch for a few days to make sure its comfortable. Tips If your watch band is too loose, and you're thinking of just throwing it away, why not sell it instead? You'll make some of the money back towards a new watch. Use a hard flat surface for this procedure, so as to minimize movement of the watch as you're trying to adjust it.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:19", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Sizing Your Watch\\n1-1. Put the watch on without adjusting it.\\nYou will need to note how big the watch is.\\nIf the watch is very loose, you will have to remove lots of links.\\nIf the watch is just slightly loose and you aren't in danger of it falling off, you might consider leaving it as is unless it is bothersome.\\nIf your watch is too small, you will have to buy extra links from the manufacturer to make the band larger.\\n1-2. Find the clasp.\\nPinch the band evenly from the clasp until it is the proper size.\\nMake sure you have an equal number of links on either side of the clasp that need to be removed.\\nThis will make sure the watch itself stays centered on the wrist band.\\nWrite down the number of links that need to be removed from either side of the clasp.\\n1-3. Get your tools assembled.\\nThere are several things you will need to adjust your watch band.\\nYou will need one or two push pins. You will use these to push the pins that hold the links together out of their holes.\\nGet a pair of needle nosed pliers to help you remove the pins.\\nYou will need a small jewelry hammer.\\nMake sure you are working on a flat surface with good lighting. You will need to collect any pins you remove from the band.\\n2. Removing Links from the Wristband\\n2-1. Lay the watch on its side on your flat surface.\\nBe sure to leave about ⁄2 centimeter (0.2 in) of space between the bottom of each removable link and the flat surface.\\nCount up the number of links you will need to remove.\\nFind the pin holding the last link in place.\\nThis is where you will remove the links.\\n2-2. Get your pushpins.\\nUse one of the pushpins to push out the pin holding the wristband link in place.\\nPush the sharp end of the pushpin against the head of the link pin.\\nIf it doesn't give, use your jewelry hammer to force the head of the pushpin into the hole for the link pin.\\nA small amount of the push pin should now be protruding from the other side of the link.\\nUse the hammer to drive the push pin in further to get more of the link pin out.\\n2-3. Remove the pin with the pliers.\\nYou will have to pull forcefully to get the pin out.\\nOnce you have enough of the link pin out of the hole on the other side of the wrist band to grasp it with the pliers, you can use the pliers to get it out.\\nGrasp the end of the pin tightly with the needle nose pliers.\\nPull it out.\\nThe links you need from one side of the clasp should be removed now.\\nYou need to repeat the process for the other side of the wrist band now.\\n2-4. Detach the clasp from the section of removed links.\\nYou will need to do this to put it back onto your wristband.\\nDetach it using the same method you did for the links.\\nThere should be a pin holding the clasp onto the links. Remove it using the hammer, pushpins, and pliers.\\nYou will now re-attach the clasp to the wristband.\\n2-5. Attach the clasp back onto the wrist band.\\nLine up the link on the clasp with the last link on one side of your wristband.\\nYou should see a clear hole where a pin should go to hold the clasp on.\\nTake one of the pins you removed and insert it into this hole.\\nIt should go most of the way in on its own, except for the last little bit on the end.\\nUse the hammer to gently pound the pin into the hole the whole way.\\nRepeat this process on the other side of the clasp.\\nYour watch band is now adjusted and assembled.\\n2-6. Try on the watch.\\nIt should now fit without being too big or too small.\\nIf you have over-adjusted the watch, try adding a link to each side of the watch band.\\nIf you haven't taken enough links out, re-assess how many need to be removed for the watch band to be tight enough and comfortable.\\nWear the watch for a few days to make sure its comfortable.\\nTips\\nIf your watch band is too loose, and you're thinking of just throwing it away, why not sell it instead? You'll make some of the money back towards a new watch.\\nUse a hard flat surface for this procedure, so as to minimize movement of the watch as you're trying to adjust it.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Many wristwatches come with ready adjustable wristbands that are made of leather or plastic with holes and clasps for easy adjustment of the size. However, many designer brand watches and metal watch bands require the removal of metal links to adjust the size down. This may seem like a difficult task at first, but you can do this yourself at home with a few simple tools. Taking the watch to a jeweler or repair place isn't necessary and will cost you money.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sizing Your Watch\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Put the watch on without adjusting it.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to note how big the watch is.\\nIf the watch is very loose, you will have to remove lots of links.\\nIf the watch is just slightly loose and you aren't in danger of it falling off, you might consider leaving it as is unless it is bothersome.\\nIf your watch is too small, you will have to buy extra links from the manufacturer to make the band larger.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find the clasp.\", \"描述\": \"Pinch the band evenly from the clasp until it is the proper size.\\nMake sure you have an equal number of links on either side of the clasp that need to be removed.\\nThis will make sure the watch itself stays centered on the wrist band.\\nWrite down the number of links that need to be removed from either side of the clasp.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get your tools assembled.\", \"描述\": \"There are several things you will need to adjust your watch band.\\nYou will need one or two push pins. You will use these to push the pins that hold the links together out of their holes.\\nGet a pair of needle nosed pliers to help you remove the pins.\\nYou will need a small jewelry hammer.\\nMake sure you are working on a flat surface with good lighting. You will need to collect any pins you remove from the band.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Removing Links from the Wristband\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lay the watch on its side on your flat surface.\", \"描述\": \"Be sure to leave about ⁄2 centimeter (0.2 in) of space between the bottom of each removable link and the flat surface.\\nCount up the number of links you will need to remove.\\nFind the pin holding the last link in place.\\nThis is where you will remove the links.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get your pushpins.\", \"描述\": \"Use one of the pushpins to push out the pin holding the wristband link in place.\\nPush the sharp end of the pushpin against the head of the link pin.\\nIf it doesn't give, use your jewelry hammer to force the head of the pushpin into the hole for the link pin.\\nA small amount of the push pin should now be protruding from the other side of the link.\\nUse the hammer to drive the push pin in further to get more of the link pin out.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the pin with the pliers.\", \"描述\": \"You will have to pull forcefully to get the pin out.\\nOnce you have enough of the link pin out of the hole on the other side of the wrist band to grasp it with the pliers, you can use the pliers to get it out.\\nGrasp the end of the pin tightly with the needle nose pliers.\\nPull it out.\\nThe links you need from one side of the clasp should be removed now.\\nYou need to repeat the process for the other side of the wrist band now.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Detach the clasp from the section of removed links.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to do this to put it back onto your wristband.\\nDetach it using the same method you did for the links.\\nThere should be a pin holding the clasp onto the links. Remove it using the hammer, pushpins, and pliers.\\nYou will now re-attach the clasp to the wristband.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Attach the clasp back onto the wrist band.\", \"描述\": \"Line up the link on the clasp with the last link on one side of your wristband.\\nYou should see a clear hole where a pin should go to hold the clasp on.\\nTake one of the pins you removed and insert it into this hole.\\nIt should go most of the way in on its own, except for the last little bit on the end.\\nUse the hammer to gently pound the pin into the hole the whole way.\\nRepeat this process on the other side of the clasp.\\nYour watch band is now adjusted and assembled.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Try on the watch.\", \"描述\": \"It should now fit without being too big or too small.\\nIf you have over-adjusted the watch, try adding a link to each side of the watch band.\\nIf you haven't taken enough links out, re-assess how many need to be removed for the watch band to be tight enough and comfortable.\\nWear the watch for a few days to make sure its comfortable.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If your watch band is too loose, and you're thinking of just throwing it away, why not sell it instead? You'll make some of the money back towards a new watch.\\n\", \"Use a hard flat surface for this procedure, so as to minimize movement of the watch as you're trying to adjust it.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,430
How to Adjust a Welding Machine
1. Making Adjustments on Stick Welders 1-1. Find the amperage for a type and thickness of metal on a welding chart. Look for a stick welding amperage chart online or in your stick welder’s manufacturer’s instructions. Find the type of metal and thickness of the material that you plan to weld on the chart and look at the recommended amperage level that corresponds to those specifications. Note that stick welders can be used to weld steel, iron, aluminum, copper, and nickel. For example, if you want to weld a piece of steel that is 1 in (2.5 cm) thick, the recommended amperage level will be around 200 amps. Another example of a recommendation you might see on a chart is 125 amps for ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) aluminum. 1-2. Set the amps using the knob on the front of the machine. Look at the numbers around the amperage dial and find the recommended amperage for the thickness and type of metal that you’re going to weld. Turn the dial on the stick welder right to increase the amps or left to decrease the amps until the arrow on the knob points at the correct number of amps. If you want to make minor adjustments to the heat when you’re stick welding, you can just pull the welding arc back to make the welding puddle hotter and wider. That way, you don’t have to change the machine’s amperage in the middle of welding. 1-3. Use a stick welding rod with a diameter equivalent to the machine’s amps. The diameter of the rod, also known as the electrode, will be a decimal version of the amperage. Use a .125 in (0.32 cm) thick welding rod when you’re welding a material at 125 amps, for instance. The stick welding chart you use to set your machine’s amperage for the material you’re welding should also recommend an electrode size. 2. Changing a MIG Welder’s Settings 2-1. Use 1 amp per .001 in (0.0025 cm) of metal thickness as a general rule. The thickness of the material you are welding determines how much amperage is needed to weld it effectively. Turn the amperage dial on your MIG welder to the number that matches the thickness of the material you plan to weld to set the starting amperage. For example, if you’re welding steel that is .125 in (0.32 cm) thick, set the amp dial to 125 amps. Note that you might find you need to adjust the amperage after you start welding. You might get a better weld on different types of metals by using slightly higher or lower amperages. You can use a MIG welder to weld a variety of metals including carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, nickel, and bronze. 2-2. Increase the wire size for higher amp ranges. It’s recommended to use .023 in (0.058 cm) wire for 30-120 amps, .030 in (0.076 cm) wire for 40-145 amps, .035 in (0.089 cm) wire for 50-180 amps, and .045 in (0.11 cm) wire for 75-250 amps. Selecting a thickness of wire that works for the different thicknesses of metal that you usually weld means you won’t have to change the wire often. For example, if you usually weld metals that are between .125 in (0.32 cm) thick and .150 in (0.38 cm) thick, use .035 in (0.089 cm) wire because the amp range you usually weld at is around 125-150 amps. 2-3. Select the starting wire feed speed based on the amps you’re using. Set the wire feed speed at the number of inches per minute (ipm) recommended by your machine’s settings chart, if it has one, for the amperage level you’re welding at. Multiply the amps that you’re welding at by a multiplier that corresponds to the thickness of the wire you’re using, if you don’t have a settings chart. Multiply by 1 in (2.5 cm) per amp for .045 in (0.11 cm) wire, 1.6 in (4.1 cm) per amp for .035 in (0.089 cm) wire, 2 in (5.1 cm) per amp for .030 in (0.076 cm) wire, and 3.5 in (8.9 cm) per amp for .023 in (0.058 cm) wire. For example, if you’re welding at 125 amps and using .045 in (0.11 cm) wire, set the wire speed feed to 125 ipm. Note that some newer machines might just have a dial with different thicknesses on it. You can simply turn this dial to the thickness of the material you’re welding to set amperage and wire feed speed. 2-4. Turn the volts dial to the manufacturer's recommended voltage. Look at the chart on your welding machine and find the voltage that corresponds to the material you’re welding. Move the voltage dial to the number that the chart recommends to find a good starting voltage. As a general rule, the thinner the metal you are welding, the lower the voltage you will use to weld it. For example, you might use a 21-23 volts to weld ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) aluminum with a MIG welder. You might use 32 volts to weld ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) stainless steel. 2-5. Choose a mid-range voltage that creates a strong, stable welding arc. Start making a weld on a scrap piece of metal that is the same material and thickness as the metal you plan to weld. Have someone decrease the voltage on your machine until the welding arc starts stubbing, then increase it again until the arc becomes unstable. Choose a voltage in the middle between these 2 voltage points. Stubbing is when the welding wire isn’t burning quickly enough and is hitting the bottom of the weld pool, which you can feel as you weld. 2-6. Turn up the gas flow if there is a lot of surrounding airflow. Welding gas flow is measured in cubic feet per minute (cfm). Increase the cfm if you are working in a drafty area or keep it low if you are working in an enclosed shop where there is not a lot of surrounding airflow. Finding the right gas flow is pretty much a matter of experimenting. The goal is to provide enough gas flow to protect your weld from air, which can contaminate it. For example, if you’re welding in an open, drafty area, you can try a gas flow of 50 cfm. If you’re working in a closed shop, you can try a gas flow of 15 cfm. 3. Controlling the Heat on TIG Welders 3-1. Move the foot pedal or hand amp control to change a TIG welder’s heat. Push your foot down on the pedal to increase the amperage or let the pedal up to decrease the amperage, if your TIG welder has a foot pedal amperage control. Push the hand amperage control wheel forward to increase the amperage or roll it backwards to decrease the amperage, if your TIG welder has a hand control. When you manually adjust the heat on a TIG welder you are really turning the amperage up or down. Some TIG welding machines also have amperage controls on the machine itself that allow you to set more precise amperage settings, but this depends totally on the make and model of the machine. Some examples of metals that you can use a TIG welder to weld are steel, aluminum, magnesium, nickel alloys, brass, copper, bronze, and gold. 3-2. Turn up the amps to increase heat if your weld’s bead is too narrow and high. Increase the amps using your TIG welder’s foot or hand control to turn up the heat. This will widen and flatten your weld’s bead. A general rule of thumb is that your weld bead’s width should be about as wide as the thickness of the metal that you are welding. For example, if you’re welding ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) thick metal, and your welding bead is only ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) wide, try slowly increasing the heat until the bead widens out to about ⁄2 in (1.3 cm). 3-3. Lower the amps to decrease the heat if your weld’s bead is too wide and flat. Use your TIG welder’s hand or foot control to decrease the amps and turn down the heat. This will make your weld’s bead higher and more narrow. For instance, if you are welding ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) thick metal and your welding bead is ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) wide, try lowering the heat until your welding bead is only about ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) wide. Tips Keep in mind that no two welding machines are exactly the same, even if they are the same make and model. Every machine is calibrated differently. Ultimately, how you adjust your welding machine will depend on the welds you are making. Feel it out as you weld and try adjusting different settings until you’re achieving the quality of welds that you want. Once you find the optimal settings for your welding machine, you can leave it set at those, as long as the type of metal and thickness that you weld doesn’t change.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:19", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Making Adjustments on Stick Welders\\n1-1. Find the amperage for a type and thickness of metal on a welding chart.\\nLook for a stick welding amperage chart online or in your stick welder’s manufacturer’s instructions. Find the type of metal and thickness of the material that you plan to weld on the chart and look at the recommended amperage level that corresponds to those specifications.\\nNote that stick welders can be used to weld steel, iron, aluminum, copper, and nickel.\\nFor example, if you want to weld a piece of steel that is 1 in (2.5 cm) thick, the recommended amperage level will be around 200 amps.\\nAnother example of a recommendation you might see on a chart is 125 amps for ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) aluminum.\\n1-2. Set the amps using the knob on the front of the machine.\\nLook at the numbers around the amperage dial and find the recommended amperage for the thickness and type of metal that you’re going to weld. Turn the dial on the stick welder right to increase the amps or left to decrease the amps until the arrow on the knob points at the correct number of amps.\\nIf you want to make minor adjustments to the heat when you’re stick welding, you can just pull the welding arc back to make the welding puddle hotter and wider. That way, you don’t have to change the machine’s amperage in the middle of welding.\\n1-3. Use a stick welding rod with a diameter equivalent to the machine’s amps.\\nThe diameter of the rod, also known as the electrode, will be a decimal version of the amperage. Use a .125 in (0.32 cm) thick welding rod when you’re welding a material at 125 amps, for instance.\\nThe stick welding chart you use to set your machine’s amperage for the material you’re welding should also recommend an electrode size.\\n2. Changing a MIG Welder’s Settings\\n2-1. Use 1 amp per .001 in (0.0025 cm) of metal thickness as a general rule.\\nThe thickness of the material you are welding determines how much amperage is needed to weld it effectively. Turn the amperage dial on your MIG welder to the number that matches the thickness of the material you plan to weld to set the starting amperage.\\nFor example, if you’re welding steel that is .125 in (0.32 cm) thick, set the amp dial to 125 amps.\\nNote that you might find you need to adjust the amperage after you start welding. You might get a better weld on different types of metals by using slightly higher or lower amperages.\\nYou can use a MIG welder to weld a variety of metals including carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, nickel, and bronze.\\n2-2. Increase the wire size for higher amp ranges.\\nIt’s recommended to use .023 in (0.058 cm) wire for 30-120 amps, .030 in (0.076 cm) wire for 40-145 amps, .035 in (0.089 cm) wire for 50-180 amps, and .045 in (0.11 cm) wire for 75-250 amps. Selecting a thickness of wire that works for the different thicknesses of metal that you usually weld means you won’t have to change the wire often.\\nFor example, if you usually weld metals that are between .125 in (0.32 cm) thick and .150 in (0.38 cm) thick, use .035 in (0.089 cm) wire because the amp range you usually weld at is around 125-150 amps.\\n2-3. Select the starting wire feed speed based on the amps you’re using.\\nSet the wire feed speed at the number of inches per minute (ipm) recommended by your machine’s settings chart, if it has one, for the amperage level you’re welding at. Multiply the amps that you’re welding at by a multiplier that corresponds to the thickness of the wire you’re using, if you don’t have a settings chart. Multiply by 1 in (2.5 cm) per amp for .045 in (0.11 cm) wire, 1.6 in (4.1 cm) per amp for .035 in (0.089 cm) wire, 2 in (5.1 cm) per amp for .030 in (0.076 cm) wire, and 3.5 in (8.9 cm) per amp for .023 in (0.058 cm) wire.\\nFor example, if you’re welding at 125 amps and using .045 in (0.11 cm) wire, set the wire speed feed to 125 ipm.\\nNote that some newer machines might just have a dial with different thicknesses on it. You can simply turn this dial to the thickness of the material you’re welding to set amperage and wire feed speed.\\n2-4. Turn the volts dial to the manufacturer's recommended voltage.\\nLook at the chart on your welding machine and find the voltage that corresponds to the material you’re welding. Move the voltage dial to the number that the chart recommends to find a good starting voltage.\\nAs a general rule, the thinner the metal you are welding, the lower the voltage you will use to weld it.\\nFor example, you might use a 21-23 volts to weld ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) aluminum with a MIG welder. You might use 32 volts to weld ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) stainless steel.\\n2-5. Choose a mid-range voltage that creates a strong, stable welding arc.\\nStart making a weld on a scrap piece of metal that is the same material and thickness as the metal you plan to weld. Have someone decrease the voltage on your machine until the welding arc starts stubbing, then increase it again until the arc becomes unstable. Choose a voltage in the middle between these 2 voltage points.\\nStubbing is when the welding wire isn’t burning quickly enough and is hitting the bottom of the weld pool, which you can feel as you weld.\\n2-6. Turn up the gas flow if there is a lot of surrounding airflow.\\nWelding gas flow is measured in cubic feet per minute (cfm). Increase the cfm if you are working in a drafty area or keep it low if you are working in an enclosed shop where there is not a lot of surrounding airflow.\\nFinding the right gas flow is pretty much a matter of experimenting. The goal is to provide enough gas flow to protect your weld from air, which can contaminate it.\\nFor example, if you’re welding in an open, drafty area, you can try a gas flow of 50 cfm. If you’re working in a closed shop, you can try a gas flow of 15 cfm.\\n3. Controlling the Heat on TIG Welders\\n3-1. Move the foot pedal or hand amp control to change a TIG welder’s heat.\\nPush your foot down on the pedal to increase the amperage or let the pedal up to decrease the amperage, if your TIG welder has a foot pedal amperage control. Push the hand amperage control wheel forward to increase the amperage or roll it backwards to decrease the amperage, if your TIG welder has a hand control.\\nWhen you manually adjust the heat on a TIG welder you are really turning the amperage up or down.\\nSome TIG welding machines also have amperage controls on the machine itself that allow you to set more precise amperage settings, but this depends totally on the make and model of the machine.\\nSome examples of metals that you can use a TIG welder to weld are steel, aluminum, magnesium, nickel alloys, brass, copper, bronze, and gold.\\n3-2. Turn up the amps to increase heat if your weld’s bead is too narrow and high.\\nIncrease the amps using your TIG welder’s foot or hand control to turn up the heat. This will widen and flatten your weld’s bead.\\nA general rule of thumb is that your weld bead’s width should be about as wide as the thickness of the metal that you are welding.\\nFor example, if you’re welding ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) thick metal, and your welding bead is only ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) wide, try slowly increasing the heat until the bead widens out to about ⁄2 in (1.3 cm).\\n3-3. Lower the amps to decrease the heat if your weld’s bead is too wide and flat.\\nUse your TIG welder’s hand or foot control to decrease the amps and turn down the heat. This will make your weld’s bead higher and more narrow.\\nFor instance, if you are welding ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) thick metal and your welding bead is ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) wide, try lowering the heat until your welding bead is only about ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) wide.\\nTips\\nKeep in mind that no two welding machines are exactly the same, even if they are the same make and model. Every machine is calibrated differently.\\nUltimately, how you adjust your welding machine will depend on the welds you are making. Feel it out as you weld and try adjusting different settings until you’re achieving the quality of welds that you want.\\nOnce you find the optimal settings for your welding machine, you can leave it set at those, as long as the type of metal and thickness that you weld doesn’t change.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Different types of welding machines have various settings that you can change to adjust how they weld. The 3 main types of welding machines that you might find yourself working with are stick welders, MIG welders, and TIG welders. Note that some machines automatically control certain settings and not every welder allows you to adjust the same settings, so the adjustments you can make depend a lot on the specific welder you’re using. No two welding machines are calibrated exactly the same, so you can also play around with your adjustments to find the perfect settings for your machine and the material that you’re welding.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Making Adjustments on Stick Welders\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the amperage for a type and thickness of metal on a welding chart.\", \"描述\": \"Look for a stick welding amperage chart online or in your stick welder’s manufacturer’s instructions. Find the type of metal and thickness of the material that you plan to weld on the chart and look at the recommended amperage level that corresponds to those specifications.\\nNote that stick welders can be used to weld steel, iron, aluminum, copper, and nickel.\\nFor example, if you want to weld a piece of steel that is 1 in (2.5 cm) thick, the recommended amperage level will be around 200 amps.\\nAnother example of a recommendation you might see on a chart is 125 amps for ⁄8 in (0.32 cm) aluminum.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set the amps using the knob on the front of the machine.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the numbers around the amperage dial and find the recommended amperage for the thickness and type of metal that you’re going to weld. Turn the dial on the stick welder right to increase the amps or left to decrease the amps until the arrow on the knob points at the correct number of amps.\\nIf you want to make minor adjustments to the heat when you’re stick welding, you can just pull the welding arc back to make the welding puddle hotter and wider. That way, you don’t have to change the machine’s amperage in the middle of welding.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use a stick welding rod with a diameter equivalent to the machine’s amps.\", \"描述\": \"The diameter of the rod, also known as the electrode, will be a decimal version of the amperage. Use a .125 in (0.32 cm) thick welding rod when you’re welding a material at 125 amps, for instance.\\nThe stick welding chart you use to set your machine’s amperage for the material you’re welding should also recommend an electrode size.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Changing a MIG Welder’s Settings\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use 1 amp per .001 in (0.0025 cm) of metal thickness as a general rule.\", \"描述\": \"The thickness of the material you are welding determines how much amperage is needed to weld it effectively. Turn the amperage dial on your MIG welder to the number that matches the thickness of the material you plan to weld to set the starting amperage.\\nFor example, if you’re welding steel that is .125 in (0.32 cm) thick, set the amp dial to 125 amps.\\nNote that you might find you need to adjust the amperage after you start welding. You might get a better weld on different types of metals by using slightly higher or lower amperages.\\nYou can use a MIG welder to weld a variety of metals including carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum, magnesium, copper, nickel, and bronze.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Increase the wire size for higher amp ranges.\", \"描述\": \"It’s recommended to use .023 in (0.058 cm) wire for 30-120 amps, .030 in (0.076 cm) wire for 40-145 amps, .035 in (0.089 cm) wire for 50-180 amps, and .045 in (0.11 cm) wire for 75-250 amps. Selecting a thickness of wire that works for the different thicknesses of metal that you usually weld means you won’t have to change the wire often.\\nFor example, if you usually weld metals that are between .125 in (0.32 cm) thick and .150 in (0.38 cm) thick, use .035 in (0.089 cm) wire because the amp range you usually weld at is around 125-150 amps.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Select the starting wire feed speed based on the amps you’re using.\", \"描述\": \"Set the wire feed speed at the number of inches per minute (ipm) recommended by your machine’s settings chart, if it has one, for the amperage level you’re welding at. Multiply the amps that you’re welding at by a multiplier that corresponds to the thickness of the wire you’re using, if you don’t have a settings chart. Multiply by 1 in (2.5 cm) per amp for .045 in (0.11 cm) wire, 1.6 in (4.1 cm) per amp for .035 in (0.089 cm) wire, 2 in (5.1 cm) per amp for .030 in (0.076 cm) wire, and 3.5 in (8.9 cm) per amp for .023 in (0.058 cm) wire.\\nFor example, if you’re welding at 125 amps and using .045 in (0.11 cm) wire, set the wire speed feed to 125 ipm.\\nNote that some newer machines might just have a dial with different thicknesses on it. You can simply turn this dial to the thickness of the material you’re welding to set amperage and wire feed speed.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn the volts dial to the manufacturer's recommended voltage.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the chart on your welding machine and find the voltage that corresponds to the material you’re welding. Move the voltage dial to the number that the chart recommends to find a good starting voltage.\\nAs a general rule, the thinner the metal you are welding, the lower the voltage you will use to weld it.\\nFor example, you might use a 21-23 volts to weld ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) aluminum with a MIG welder. You might use 32 volts to weld ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) stainless steel.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Choose a mid-range voltage that creates a strong, stable welding arc.\", \"描述\": \"Start making a weld on a scrap piece of metal that is the same material and thickness as the metal you plan to weld. Have someone decrease the voltage on your machine until the welding arc starts stubbing, then increase it again until the arc becomes unstable. Choose a voltage in the middle between these 2 voltage points.\\nStubbing is when the welding wire isn’t burning quickly enough and is hitting the bottom of the weld pool, which you can feel as you weld.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Turn up the gas flow if there is a lot of surrounding airflow.\", \"描述\": \"Welding gas flow is measured in cubic feet per minute (cfm). Increase the cfm if you are working in a drafty area or keep it low if you are working in an enclosed shop where there is not a lot of surrounding airflow.\\nFinding the right gas flow is pretty much a matter of experimenting. The goal is to provide enough gas flow to protect your weld from air, which can contaminate it.\\nFor example, if you’re welding in an open, drafty area, you can try a gas flow of 50 cfm. If you’re working in a closed shop, you can try a gas flow of 15 cfm.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Controlling the Heat on TIG Welders\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Move the foot pedal or hand amp control to change a TIG welder’s heat.\", \"描述\": \"Push your foot down on the pedal to increase the amperage or let the pedal up to decrease the amperage, if your TIG welder has a foot pedal amperage control. Push the hand amperage control wheel forward to increase the amperage or roll it backwards to decrease the amperage, if your TIG welder has a hand control.\\nWhen you manually adjust the heat on a TIG welder you are really turning the amperage up or down.\\nSome TIG welding machines also have amperage controls on the machine itself that allow you to set more precise amperage settings, but this depends totally on the make and model of the machine.\\nSome examples of metals that you can use a TIG welder to weld are steel, aluminum, magnesium, nickel alloys, brass, copper, bronze, and gold.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn up the amps to increase heat if your weld’s bead is too narrow and high.\", \"描述\": \"Increase the amps using your TIG welder’s foot or hand control to turn up the heat. This will widen and flatten your weld’s bead.\\nA general rule of thumb is that your weld bead’s width should be about as wide as the thickness of the metal that you are welding.\\nFor example, if you’re welding ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) thick metal, and your welding bead is only ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) wide, try slowly increasing the heat until the bead widens out to about ⁄2 in (1.3 cm).\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Lower the amps to decrease the heat if your weld’s bead is too wide and flat.\", \"描述\": \"Use your TIG welder’s hand or foot control to decrease the amps and turn down the heat. This will make your weld’s bead higher and more narrow.\\nFor instance, if you are welding ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) thick metal and your welding bead is ⁄2 in (1.3 cm) wide, try lowering the heat until your welding bead is only about ⁄4 in (0.64 cm) wide.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Keep in mind that no two welding machines are exactly the same, even if they are the same make and model. Every machine is calibrated differently.\\n\", \"Ultimately, how you adjust your welding machine will depend on the welds you are making. Feel it out as you weld and try adjusting different settings until you’re achieving the quality of welds that you want.\\n\", \"Once you find the optimal settings for your welding machine, you can leave it set at those, as long as the type of metal and thickness that you weld doesn’t change.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,431
How to Adjust a uPVC Door
1. Making Horizontal, Vertical, or Depth Adjustments 1-1. Access the adjustment slot or slots in each hinge. Refer to your owner’s manual to determine if your uPVC door has 1 or more adjustment slots, which are usually hexagonal in shape, in its hinges. If it does, you may need to lift off a protective cap on each hinge to expose the adjustment slots. The adjustment slots allow you to slightly alter the door's horizontal location, vertical location, and depth within the door frame. Some door models have 1 slot per hinge to make all 3 adjustments at once, while other models have 2 or 3 slots per hinge so you can make the adjustments separately. With some door models, you may need to first open the door and slightly loosen the screws that hold the each hinge to the door frame in order to remove the adjustment slot caps. If your door doesn't have adjustment slots in the hinges, contact the manufacturer for guidance on adjusting the door. 1-2. Choose an Allen wrench that properly fits the adjustment slots. Most models of uPVC doors use Allen wrenches for adjustments, which are also known as hex keys due to their hexagonal shape. Use the Allen wrench that came with your door, or buy a set of Allen wrenches of different sizes at your local hardware store. Make sure the head of your chosen wrench fits snugly into the slot. Allen wrenches commonly come with furniture that requires assembly, so you may already have a collection of them in your junk drawer! 1-3. Turn the Allen wrench clockwise or counterclockwise, as needed. Depending on the adjustments that you need to make to the door, you’ll either have to turn your wrench clockwise or counterclockwise. Start by making 1-2 full rotations, and keep track of how many rotations you make. Unless your door has only 1 adjustment slot per hinge (to control all adjustments), refer to your user's manual or contact the manufacturer to determine which slot controls which adjustment (horizontal, vertical, depth). To adjust the door horizontally, turn clockwise to move the door closer to the latch side, and counterclockwise to move it closer to the hinge side. To adjust the door vertically, turn clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower the door. To adjust the door’s depth, turn clockwise to move it deeper into the door frame, and turn it counterclockwise to move it slightly out from the door frame. 1-4. Adjust all the door hinges in the same manner. For example, if you need to raise the door slightly in the frame, rotate the vertical slot on every door hinge clockwise 1 full turn. Or, if you need to slide the door towards the hinge side of the frame, rotate the horizontal slot on every door hinge counterclockwise 1 full turn. Making the same adjustments on all hinges maintains equal pressure on all of them. This will improve the longevity and performance of your door. Most uPVC doors have either 3 or 4 hinges. Start with only 1 or 2 full turns, then make additional adjustments as needed. 1-5. Check the door and adjust it further if necessary. Take a look to see if the gap between the door and the frame is even all around. Then, open and close the door and see if it moves freely and latches securely. If so, re-cap the adjustment slots, if your model has such caps, to complete the job. If the door still needs raised vertically, for example, turn the vertical adjustment slots on all hinges another 1 full clockwise rotation. Check again, and make ½ turn adjustments as needed after that. If your door is out of square—that is, it rests crooked within the frame—you may need to further adjust the hinges by differing amounts. Use a trial-and-error process until the gap between the door and frame is even all around. 2. Tweaking a Crooked Door That Drags on the Floor 2-1. Locate the adjustment slots on the front side of the hinges. Nearly all types of uPVC doors allow you to make minor adjustments to the door’s positioning via slots on the hinges. With the door closed, check the exposed part of the hinges for small, hexagonal slots. If there aren't any slots, contact the manufacturer for guidance on making adjustments. With some door models, the adjustment slot or slots may be covered by a cap or cover that lifts off. Check your owner’s manual for directions on removing this cap or cover. Your door may have 1, 2, or 3 slots per hinge in order to make vertical, horizontal, and depth adjustments. The number of slots and their location on the hinges vary by manufacturer, so refer to your owner's manual to figure out which slot or slots to adjust. This method of adjustment works best if the bottom of the door on the latch side drags on the floor when you open it, while the hinge side stays clear of the floor. 2-2. Find an Allen wrench that fits snugly into the adjustment slots. An Allen wrench is also known as a hex wrench because its head has a hexagonal shape. If you have the wrench that came with your door, use it. Otherwise, find one that slides fully but securely into the slot. If you’ve ever put together furniture from Ikea or a similar retailer, you probably have a collection of Allen wrenches lying around somewhere. Otherwise, you can buy an Allen wrench set at any home improvement store. Most uPVC door models have hexagonal shaped adjustment slots, but some may require the use of a Phillips/cross head screwdriver instead. 2-3. Turn the slot(s) on the top hinge clockwise 1-2 full rotations. If each hinge on your model has only 1 slot for both vertical and horizontal adjustments, insert your Allen wrench and turn it in 1 or 2 full clockwise circles. If each hinge has 2 or 3 slots, adjust both the horizontal and vertical adjustment slots on the top hinge by the same amount. Clockwise turns pull the door in toward the hinge side, up from the floor, or both. Start by making only 1 or 2 full rotations of the Allen wrench. You can make further adjustments later if necessary. Make your adjustments while the door is closed and latched. 2-4. Check how the door opens and closes, and see if it drags. If the bottom of the door on the hinge side still drags on the floor when you open it, adjust the top hinge’s slot(s) another 1 full turn and try again. If the door is off the floor but it “sticks” a little in the frame when you open or close it, try adjusting the slots on the other hinges slightly. For instance, say your door has 4 hinges, you adjusted the top hinge’s slot(s) 1 full clockwise turn, and the door no longer drags but sticks in the frame a little. Try turning the second hinge’s slot(s) ¾ of a turn, the third hinge’s slot(s) ½ of a turn, and the bottom hinge’s slots ¼ of a turn. Keep making minor adjustments until the door opens and closes smoothly, without dragging on the floor. 3. Fine-Tuning the Strike Plate to Improve Latching 3-1. Find the heads of the 2 screws that secure the strike plate. With any uPVC door, the strike plate is on the latch side of the door jamb, is made of steel or another sturdy metal, and has 1 or more openings that accept the door’s latch and any deadbolt lock. The strike plate is nearly always secured in place by 2 screws, one at the top, one at the bottom. Open the door so you can find and access the strike plate on the jamb. For some doors, there may be 2 strike plates—one for the door latch, and one for the deadbolt. In this case, adjust both plates in the same manner. 3-2. Grab a screwdriver or Allen wrench that matches the screw heads. Most strike plates are held in position with Phillips/cross head screws. Some uPVC doors, however, may use screws with a hexagonal indentation in the screw head. In this case, an Allen wrench, also called a hex wrench, is the proper tool. If your door came with an Allen wrench, use it. Otherwise, rummage through your toolbox for Allen wrenches from prior furniture assembly tasks, or buy an Allen wrench set at a home improvement store. Make sure your screwdriver or Allen wrench fits snugly into the indentations on the heads of the screws. 3-3. Loosen the screws until the strike plate is free to move slightly. Typically, if you loosen both screws 1-2 full counterclockwise turns with your screwdriver or Allen wrench, the strike plate will be free to adjust. Loosen the screws a bit more if necessary, but don’t remove them completely. Always remember—a clockwise turn tightens a screw, while a counterclockwise turn loosens it. 3-4. Nudge the strike plate forward or back, depending on your needs. If you can rattle the door when it’s securely latched, slide the strike plate in the direction opposite to the way the door opens about 0.25 cm (0.098 in). If you have to push or pull on the door to get it to latch, slide the strike plate in the direction the door opens in the same fashion. The slots in the strike plate that accept the screws should be oblong shaped, which allows for some minor fine-tuning of the position without completely removing the screws and drilling new holes. 3-5. Tighten the screws and test how well the door latches. Turn the screws clockwise until they’re secure but not completely snug. Close the door and see how well it latches. If it needs additional fine-tuning, open the door, loosen the screws, and slide the strike plate further forward or back as needed. When you’re finished, tighten the screws fully. If the door still doesn’t latch properly and you’ve adjusted the strike plate as far as it will go, you can remove the strike plate, drill new screw holes that are just forward or back of (but not overlapping) the old ones, and reinstall the plate in its new location.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:19", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Making Horizontal, Vertical, or Depth Adjustments\\n1-1. Access the adjustment slot or slots in each hinge.\\nRefer to your owner’s manual to determine if your uPVC door has 1 or more adjustment slots, which are usually hexagonal in shape, in its hinges. If it does, you may need to lift off a protective cap on each hinge to expose the adjustment slots.\\nThe adjustment slots allow you to slightly alter the door's horizontal location, vertical location, and depth within the door frame. Some door models have 1 slot per hinge to make all 3 adjustments at once, while other models have 2 or 3 slots per hinge so you can make the adjustments separately.\\nWith some door models, you may need to first open the door and slightly loosen the screws that hold the each hinge to the door frame in order to remove the adjustment slot caps.\\nIf your door doesn't have adjustment slots in the hinges, contact the manufacturer for guidance on adjusting the door.\\n1-2. Choose an Allen wrench that properly fits the adjustment slots.\\nMost models of uPVC doors use Allen wrenches for adjustments, which are also known as hex keys due to their hexagonal shape. Use the Allen wrench that came with your door, or buy a set of Allen wrenches of different sizes at your local hardware store. Make sure the head of your chosen wrench fits snugly into the slot.\\nAllen wrenches commonly come with furniture that requires assembly, so you may already have a collection of them in your junk drawer!\\n1-3. Turn the Allen wrench clockwise or counterclockwise, as needed.\\nDepending on the adjustments that you need to make to the door, you’ll either have to turn your wrench clockwise or counterclockwise. Start by making 1-2 full rotations, and keep track of how many rotations you make.\\nUnless your door has only 1 adjustment slot per hinge (to control all adjustments), refer to your user's manual or contact the manufacturer to determine which slot controls which adjustment (horizontal, vertical, depth).\\nTo adjust the door horizontally, turn clockwise to move the door closer to the latch side, and counterclockwise to move it closer to the hinge side.\\nTo adjust the door vertically, turn clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower the door.\\nTo adjust the door’s depth, turn clockwise to move it deeper into the door frame, and turn it counterclockwise to move it slightly out from the door frame.\\n1-4. Adjust all the door hinges in the same manner.\\nFor example, if you need to raise the door slightly in the frame, rotate the vertical slot on every door hinge clockwise 1 full turn. Or, if you need to slide the door towards the hinge side of the frame, rotate the horizontal slot on every door hinge counterclockwise 1 full turn.\\nMaking the same adjustments on all hinges maintains equal pressure on all of them. This will improve the longevity and performance of your door.\\nMost uPVC doors have either 3 or 4 hinges.\\nStart with only 1 or 2 full turns, then make additional adjustments as needed.\\n1-5. Check the door and adjust it further if necessary.\\nTake a look to see if the gap between the door and the frame is even all around. Then, open and close the door and see if it moves freely and latches securely. If so, re-cap the adjustment slots, if your model has such caps, to complete the job.\\nIf the door still needs raised vertically, for example, turn the vertical adjustment slots on all hinges another 1 full clockwise rotation. Check again, and make ½ turn adjustments as needed after that.\\nIf your door is out of square—that is, it rests crooked within the frame—you may need to further adjust the hinges by differing amounts. Use a trial-and-error process until the gap between the door and frame is even all around.\\n2. Tweaking a Crooked Door That Drags on the Floor\\n2-1. Locate the adjustment slots on the front side of the hinges.\\nNearly all types of uPVC doors allow you to make minor adjustments to the door’s positioning via slots on the hinges. With the door closed, check the exposed part of the hinges for small, hexagonal slots. If there aren't any slots, contact the manufacturer for guidance on making adjustments.\\nWith some door models, the adjustment slot or slots may be covered by a cap or cover that lifts off. Check your owner’s manual for directions on removing this cap or cover.\\nYour door may have 1, 2, or 3 slots per hinge in order to make vertical, horizontal, and depth adjustments. The number of slots and their location on the hinges vary by manufacturer, so refer to your owner's manual to figure out which slot or slots to adjust.\\nThis method of adjustment works best if the bottom of the door on the latch side drags on the floor when you open it, while the hinge side stays clear of the floor.\\n2-2. Find an Allen wrench that fits snugly into the adjustment slots.\\nAn Allen wrench is also known as a hex wrench because its head has a hexagonal shape. If you have the wrench that came with your door, use it. Otherwise, find one that slides fully but securely into the slot.\\nIf you’ve ever put together furniture from Ikea or a similar retailer, you probably have a collection of Allen wrenches lying around somewhere. Otherwise, you can buy an Allen wrench set at any home improvement store.\\nMost uPVC door models have hexagonal shaped adjustment slots, but some may require the use of a Phillips/cross head screwdriver instead.\\n2-3. Turn the slot(s) on the top hinge clockwise 1-2 full rotations.\\nIf each hinge on your model has only 1 slot for both vertical and horizontal adjustments, insert your Allen wrench and turn it in 1 or 2 full clockwise circles. If each hinge has 2 or 3 slots, adjust both the horizontal and vertical adjustment slots on the top hinge by the same amount.\\nClockwise turns pull the door in toward the hinge side, up from the floor, or both.\\nStart by making only 1 or 2 full rotations of the Allen wrench. You can make further adjustments later if necessary.\\nMake your adjustments while the door is closed and latched.\\n2-4. Check how the door opens and closes, and see if it drags.\\nIf the bottom of the door on the hinge side still drags on the floor when you open it, adjust the top hinge’s slot(s) another 1 full turn and try again. If the door is off the floor but it “sticks” a little in the frame when you open or close it, try adjusting the slots on the other hinges slightly.\\nFor instance, say your door has 4 hinges, you adjusted the top hinge’s slot(s) 1 full clockwise turn, and the door no longer drags but sticks in the frame a little. Try turning the second hinge’s slot(s) ¾ of a turn, the third hinge’s slot(s) ½ of a turn, and the bottom hinge’s slots ¼ of a turn.\\nKeep making minor adjustments until the door opens and closes smoothly, without dragging on the floor.\\n3. Fine-Tuning the Strike Plate to Improve Latching\\n3-1. Find the heads of the 2 screws that secure the strike plate.\\nWith any uPVC door, the strike plate is on the latch side of the door jamb, is made of steel or another sturdy metal, and has 1 or more openings that accept the door’s latch and any deadbolt lock. The strike plate is nearly always secured in place by 2 screws, one at the top, one at the bottom.\\nOpen the door so you can find and access the strike plate on the jamb.\\nFor some doors, there may be 2 strike plates—one for the door latch, and one for the deadbolt. In this case, adjust both plates in the same manner.\\n3-2. Grab a screwdriver or Allen wrench that matches the screw heads.\\nMost strike plates are held in position with Phillips/cross head screws. Some uPVC doors, however, may use screws with a hexagonal indentation in the screw head. In this case, an Allen wrench, also called a hex wrench, is the proper tool.\\nIf your door came with an Allen wrench, use it. Otherwise, rummage through your toolbox for Allen wrenches from prior furniture assembly tasks, or buy an Allen wrench set at a home improvement store.\\nMake sure your screwdriver or Allen wrench fits snugly into the indentations on the heads of the screws.\\n3-3. Loosen the screws until the strike plate is free to move slightly.\\nTypically, if you loosen both screws 1-2 full counterclockwise turns with your screwdriver or Allen wrench, the strike plate will be free to adjust. Loosen the screws a bit more if necessary, but don’t remove them completely.\\nAlways remember—a clockwise turn tightens a screw, while a counterclockwise turn loosens it.\\n3-4. Nudge the strike plate forward or back, depending on your needs.\\nIf you can rattle the door when it’s securely latched, slide the strike plate in the direction opposite to the way the door opens about 0.25 cm (0.098 in). If you have to push or pull on the door to get it to latch, slide the strike plate in the direction the door opens in the same fashion.\\nThe slots in the strike plate that accept the screws should be oblong shaped, which allows for some minor fine-tuning of the position without completely removing the screws and drilling new holes.\\n3-5. Tighten the screws and test how well the door latches.\\nTurn the screws clockwise until they’re secure but not completely snug. Close the door and see how well it latches. If it needs additional fine-tuning, open the door, loosen the screws, and slide the strike plate further forward or back as needed.\\nWhen you’re finished, tighten the screws fully.\\nIf the door still doesn’t latch properly and you’ve adjusted the strike plate as far as it will go, you can remove the strike plate, drill new screw holes that are just forward or back of (but not overlapping) the old ones, and reinstall the plate in its new location.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Unplasticized Polyvinyl Chloride, often labelled as uPVC or UPVC, is a lightweight but strong and rigid material that is excellent for use in doors. An added benefit to uPVC doors is that they’re usually quite easy to adjust. If you need to make small horizontal, vertical, or depth adjustments, you typically just need to turn an Allen wrench in the appropriate slots on the door’s hinges. You can follow a similar process to fix a crooked door that drags on the floor when opened or closed, or you can adjust the strike plate on the door jamb slightly to further improve latching performance.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Making Horizontal, Vertical, or Depth Adjustments\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Access the adjustment slot or slots in each hinge.\", \"描述\": \"Refer to your owner’s manual to determine if your uPVC door has 1 or more adjustment slots, which are usually hexagonal in shape, in its hinges. If it does, you may need to lift off a protective cap on each hinge to expose the adjustment slots.\\nThe adjustment slots allow you to slightly alter the door's horizontal location, vertical location, and depth within the door frame. Some door models have 1 slot per hinge to make all 3 adjustments at once, while other models have 2 or 3 slots per hinge so you can make the adjustments separately.\\nWith some door models, you may need to first open the door and slightly loosen the screws that hold the each hinge to the door frame in order to remove the adjustment slot caps.\\nIf your door doesn't have adjustment slots in the hinges, contact the manufacturer for guidance on adjusting the door.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose an Allen wrench that properly fits the adjustment slots.\", \"描述\": \"Most models of uPVC doors use Allen wrenches for adjustments, which are also known as hex keys due to their hexagonal shape. Use the Allen wrench that came with your door, or buy a set of Allen wrenches of different sizes at your local hardware store. Make sure the head of your chosen wrench fits snugly into the slot.\\nAllen wrenches commonly come with furniture that requires assembly, so you may already have a collection of them in your junk drawer!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the Allen wrench clockwise or counterclockwise, as needed.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on the adjustments that you need to make to the door, you’ll either have to turn your wrench clockwise or counterclockwise. Start by making 1-2 full rotations, and keep track of how many rotations you make.\\nUnless your door has only 1 adjustment slot per hinge (to control all adjustments), refer to your user's manual or contact the manufacturer to determine which slot controls which adjustment (horizontal, vertical, depth).\\nTo adjust the door horizontally, turn clockwise to move the door closer to the latch side, and counterclockwise to move it closer to the hinge side.\\nTo adjust the door vertically, turn clockwise to raise the door and counterclockwise to lower the door.\\nTo adjust the door’s depth, turn clockwise to move it deeper into the door frame, and turn it counterclockwise to move it slightly out from the door frame.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adjust all the door hinges in the same manner.\", \"描述\": \"For example, if you need to raise the door slightly in the frame, rotate the vertical slot on every door hinge clockwise 1 full turn. Or, if you need to slide the door towards the hinge side of the frame, rotate the horizontal slot on every door hinge counterclockwise 1 full turn.\\nMaking the same adjustments on all hinges maintains equal pressure on all of them. This will improve the longevity and performance of your door.\\nMost uPVC doors have either 3 or 4 hinges.\\nStart with only 1 or 2 full turns, then make additional adjustments as needed.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check the door and adjust it further if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Take a look to see if the gap between the door and the frame is even all around. Then, open and close the door and see if it moves freely and latches securely. If so, re-cap the adjustment slots, if your model has such caps, to complete the job.\\nIf the door still needs raised vertically, for example, turn the vertical adjustment slots on all hinges another 1 full clockwise rotation. Check again, and make ½ turn adjustments as needed after that.\\nIf your door is out of square—that is, it rests crooked within the frame—you may need to further adjust the hinges by differing amounts. Use a trial-and-error process until the gap between the door and frame is even all around.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tweaking a Crooked Door That Drags on the Floor\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate the adjustment slots on the front side of the hinges.\", \"描述\": \"Nearly all types of uPVC doors allow you to make minor adjustments to the door’s positioning via slots on the hinges. With the door closed, check the exposed part of the hinges for small, hexagonal slots. If there aren't any slots, contact the manufacturer for guidance on making adjustments.\\nWith some door models, the adjustment slot or slots may be covered by a cap or cover that lifts off. Check your owner’s manual for directions on removing this cap or cover.\\nYour door may have 1, 2, or 3 slots per hinge in order to make vertical, horizontal, and depth adjustments. The number of slots and their location on the hinges vary by manufacturer, so refer to your owner's manual to figure out which slot or slots to adjust.\\nThis method of adjustment works best if the bottom of the door on the latch side drags on the floor when you open it, while the hinge side stays clear of the floor.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find an Allen wrench that fits snugly into the adjustment slots.\", \"描述\": \"An Allen wrench is also known as a hex wrench because its head has a hexagonal shape. If you have the wrench that came with your door, use it. Otherwise, find one that slides fully but securely into the slot.\\nIf you’ve ever put together furniture from Ikea or a similar retailer, you probably have a collection of Allen wrenches lying around somewhere. Otherwise, you can buy an Allen wrench set at any home improvement store.\\nMost uPVC door models have hexagonal shaped adjustment slots, but some may require the use of a Phillips/cross head screwdriver instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the slot(s) on the top hinge clockwise 1-2 full rotations.\", \"描述\": \"If each hinge on your model has only 1 slot for both vertical and horizontal adjustments, insert your Allen wrench and turn it in 1 or 2 full clockwise circles. If each hinge has 2 or 3 slots, adjust both the horizontal and vertical adjustment slots on the top hinge by the same amount.\\nClockwise turns pull the door in toward the hinge side, up from the floor, or both.\\nStart by making only 1 or 2 full rotations of the Allen wrench. You can make further adjustments later if necessary.\\nMake your adjustments while the door is closed and latched.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Check how the door opens and closes, and see if it drags.\", \"描述\": \"If the bottom of the door on the hinge side still drags on the floor when you open it, adjust the top hinge’s slot(s) another 1 full turn and try again. If the door is off the floor but it “sticks” a little in the frame when you open or close it, try adjusting the slots on the other hinges slightly.\\nFor instance, say your door has 4 hinges, you adjusted the top hinge’s slot(s) 1 full clockwise turn, and the door no longer drags but sticks in the frame a little. Try turning the second hinge’s slot(s) ¾ of a turn, the third hinge’s slot(s) ½ of a turn, and the bottom hinge’s slots ¼ of a turn.\\nKeep making minor adjustments until the door opens and closes smoothly, without dragging on the floor.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Fine-Tuning the Strike Plate to Improve Latching\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the heads of the 2 screws that secure the strike plate.\", \"描述\": \"With any uPVC door, the strike plate is on the latch side of the door jamb, is made of steel or another sturdy metal, and has 1 or more openings that accept the door’s latch and any deadbolt lock. The strike plate is nearly always secured in place by 2 screws, one at the top, one at the bottom.\\nOpen the door so you can find and access the strike plate on the jamb.\\nFor some doors, there may be 2 strike plates—one for the door latch, and one for the deadbolt. In this case, adjust both plates in the same manner.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Grab a screwdriver or Allen wrench that matches the screw heads.\", \"描述\": \"Most strike plates are held in position with Phillips/cross head screws. Some uPVC doors, however, may use screws with a hexagonal indentation in the screw head. In this case, an Allen wrench, also called a hex wrench, is the proper tool.\\nIf your door came with an Allen wrench, use it. Otherwise, rummage through your toolbox for Allen wrenches from prior furniture assembly tasks, or buy an Allen wrench set at a home improvement store.\\nMake sure your screwdriver or Allen wrench fits snugly into the indentations on the heads of the screws.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Loosen the screws until the strike plate is free to move slightly.\", \"描述\": \"Typically, if you loosen both screws 1-2 full counterclockwise turns with your screwdriver or Allen wrench, the strike plate will be free to adjust. Loosen the screws a bit more if necessary, but don’t remove them completely.\\nAlways remember—a clockwise turn tightens a screw, while a counterclockwise turn loosens it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Nudge the strike plate forward or back, depending on your needs.\", \"描述\": \"If you can rattle the door when it’s securely latched, slide the strike plate in the direction opposite to the way the door opens about 0.25 cm (0.098 in). If you have to push or pull on the door to get it to latch, slide the strike plate in the direction the door opens in the same fashion.\\nThe slots in the strike plate that accept the screws should be oblong shaped, which allows for some minor fine-tuning of the position without completely removing the screws and drilling new holes.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tighten the screws and test how well the door latches.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the screws clockwise until they’re secure but not completely snug. Close the door and see how well it latches. If it needs additional fine-tuning, open the door, loosen the screws, and slide the strike plate further forward or back as needed.\\nWhen you’re finished, tighten the screws fully.\\nIf the door still doesn’t latch properly and you’ve adjusted the strike plate as far as it will go, you can remove the strike plate, drill new screw holes that are just forward or back of (but not overlapping) the old ones, and reinstall the plate in its new location.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,432
How to Adjust an Air Fuel Mixture Screw
1. Accessing the Air Fuel Mixture Screw 1-1. Start the engine Turn the key in the ignition to start the engine. Warm up the engine to normal operating temperature by letting it idle for about 5 minutes. Keep the engine running after it warms up. Always make air fuel mixture screw adjustments with a warm engine and the engine running, so you can listen to how the adjustments affect the engine’s idle speed. Note that this process is the same for any type of engine with an air fuel mixture screw. It could be a car, motorcycle, scooter, ATV, or anything else with a carburetor. 1-2. Locate the carburetor by finding the engine’s air filter. Look at the engine and spot the round or cone-shaped air filter. The carburetor is the part of the engine that the air filter is attached to. The air filter on a car might be large and round. It usually sits on top of the carburetor. On a motorcycle, the air filter usually comes off the side of the engine and faces the rear of the bike. 1-3. Find the flat-headed, slotted, gold-colored brass screw on the carburetor. Look at all the different screws on the carburetor until you spot the gold one with a flat slotted head. This is the air fuel mixture screw. Most air fuel mixture screws are located on the side of the carburetor, but it depends on the specific engine. 2. Balancing the Fuel Mixture 2-1. Turn the screw clockwise until the engine starts to sound rough. Use a flathead screwdriver to tighten the screw. Listen to the engine’s idle sound and stop turning the screw when it starts making a rough rising and falling sound instead of its normal idling sound. Tightening the screw weakens the air and fuel mixture and decreases the amount of fuel flowing to the engine. Tightening the screw is also called making the fuel mixture leaner, which lowers the RPMs at which the engine idles. Running a lean fuel mixture makes the engine run with less fuel than it needs to run efficiently. This can damage an engine because there is more friction between moving parts and the engine operates at a higher temperature. 2-2. Loosen the screw and count the turns until the engine sounds irregular. Use your flathead screwdriver to turn the screw counterclockwise, counting the number of rotations you make as you go. Listen to the idling of the engine and stop turning the screw when the engine’s idle sound starts sounding irregular, like it is revving too fast. Loosening the screw strengthens the air and fuel mixture and increases the amount of fuel flowing to the engine. Loosening the screw is also called making the fuel mixture richer, which increases the RPMs at which the engine idles. Running a rich fuel mixture causes the engine to run with more fuel than it needs to operate efficiently. This means that it will burn fuel much faster than necessary, although the engine may run with more power and at a cooler temperature. 2-3. Set the screw in the middle between the rough- and irregular-sounding spots. Turn the screw back clockwise until it is approximately in the middle location between where the engine’s idle sounds irregular and rough. This will set the engine at a regular idle speed. For example, if you turned the screw 2 full turns counterclockwise from the spot where the engine’s idle started to sound rough, now turn the screw clockwise 1 full turn. 2-4. Make adjustments 1/2 a turn in either direction to find the smoothest idle speed. Turn the screw counterclockwise and clockwise 1/2 a turn from the middle position and listen to the sound of the idle. Set the screw in the position where the engine’s idle sounds most even and smooth to balance the fuel mixture. You might notice that turning the screw 1/2 a turn in either direction makes the engine start to sound rougher or more irregular, in which case you can just set the screw back to the middle position. This adjustment process is also known as balancing the idle mixture. Most engines have an ideal air fuel ratio, or AFR, around 14.7:1. You could find your engine’s exact AFR using a special meter, but this isn’t really necessary unless you want to be ultra-precise, such as if you’re tuning a high-performance race car or motorcycle.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:19", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Accessing the Air Fuel Mixture Screw\\n1-1. Start the engine\\nTurn the key in the ignition to start the engine. Warm up the engine to normal operating temperature by letting it idle for about 5 minutes. Keep the engine running after it warms up.\\nAlways make air fuel mixture screw adjustments with a warm engine and the engine running, so you can listen to how the adjustments affect the engine’s idle speed.\\nNote that this process is the same for any type of engine with an air fuel mixture screw. It could be a car, motorcycle, scooter, ATV, or anything else with a carburetor.\\n1-2. Locate the carburetor by finding the engine’s air filter.\\nLook at the engine and spot the round or cone-shaped air filter. The carburetor is the part of the engine that the air filter is attached to.\\nThe air filter on a car might be large and round. It usually sits on top of the carburetor.\\nOn a motorcycle, the air filter usually comes off the side of the engine and faces the rear of the bike.\\n1-3. Find the flat-headed, slotted, gold-colored brass screw on the carburetor.\\nLook at all the different screws on the carburetor until you spot the gold one with a flat slotted head. This is the air fuel mixture screw.\\nMost air fuel mixture screws are located on the side of the carburetor, but it depends on the specific engine.\\n2. Balancing the Fuel Mixture\\n2-1. Turn the screw clockwise until the engine starts to sound rough.\\nUse a flathead screwdriver to tighten the screw. Listen to the engine’s idle sound and stop turning the screw when it starts making a rough rising and falling sound instead of its normal idling sound.\\nTightening the screw weakens the air and fuel mixture and decreases the amount of fuel flowing to the engine.\\nTightening the screw is also called making the fuel mixture leaner, which lowers the RPMs at which the engine idles.\\nRunning a lean fuel mixture makes the engine run with less fuel than it needs to run efficiently. This can damage an engine because there is more friction between moving parts and the engine operates at a higher temperature.\\n2-2. Loosen the screw and count the turns until the engine sounds irregular.\\nUse your flathead screwdriver to turn the screw counterclockwise, counting the number of rotations you make as you go. Listen to the idling of the engine and stop turning the screw when the engine’s idle sound starts sounding irregular, like it is revving too fast.\\nLoosening the screw strengthens the air and fuel mixture and increases the amount of fuel flowing to the engine.\\nLoosening the screw is also called making the fuel mixture richer, which increases the RPMs at which the engine idles.\\nRunning a rich fuel mixture causes the engine to run with more fuel than it needs to operate efficiently. This means that it will burn fuel much faster than necessary, although the engine may run with more power and at a cooler temperature.\\n2-3. Set the screw in the middle between the rough- and irregular-sounding spots.\\nTurn the screw back clockwise until it is approximately in the middle location between where the engine’s idle sounds irregular and rough. This will set the engine at a regular idle speed.\\nFor example, if you turned the screw 2 full turns counterclockwise from the spot where the engine’s idle started to sound rough, now turn the screw clockwise 1 full turn.\\n2-4. Make adjustments 1/2 a turn in either direction to find the smoothest idle speed.\\nTurn the screw counterclockwise and clockwise 1/2 a turn from the middle position and listen to the sound of the idle. Set the screw in the position where the engine’s idle sounds most even and smooth to balance the fuel mixture.\\nYou might notice that turning the screw 1/2 a turn in either direction makes the engine start to sound rougher or more irregular, in which case you can just set the screw back to the middle position.\\nThis adjustment process is also known as balancing the idle mixture.\\nMost engines have an ideal air fuel ratio, or AFR, around 14.7:1. You could find your engine’s exact AFR using a special meter, but this isn’t really necessary unless you want to be ultra-precise, such as if you’re tuning a high-performance race car or motorcycle.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"An air fuel mixture screw is a special screw on an engine’s carburetor that controls how much air mixes with the fuel. Adjusting this screw changes how fast or slow an engine idles and how smoothly it runs. The basic process for adjusting an air fuel mixture screw is the same for all small engines, whether it’s on a car, motorcycle, or other type of engine. Make adjustments with the engine warmed up and running. Set the screw in the position where the engine idles most smoothly and doesn’t sound rough or irregular to balance the fuel mixture so that the engine has an ideal air fuel ratio.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Accessing the Air Fuel Mixture Screw\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start the engine\", \"描述\": \"Turn the key in the ignition to start the engine. Warm up the engine to normal operating temperature by letting it idle for about 5 minutes. Keep the engine running after it warms up.\\nAlways make air fuel mixture screw adjustments with a warm engine and the engine running, so you can listen to how the adjustments affect the engine’s idle speed.\\nNote that this process is the same for any type of engine with an air fuel mixture screw. It could be a car, motorcycle, scooter, ATV, or anything else with a carburetor.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Locate the carburetor by finding the engine’s air filter.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the engine and spot the round or cone-shaped air filter. The carburetor is the part of the engine that the air filter is attached to.\\nThe air filter on a car might be large and round. It usually sits on top of the carburetor.\\nOn a motorcycle, the air filter usually comes off the side of the engine and faces the rear of the bike.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find the flat-headed, slotted, gold-colored brass screw on the carburetor.\", \"描述\": \"Look at all the different screws on the carburetor until you spot the gold one with a flat slotted head. This is the air fuel mixture screw.\\nMost air fuel mixture screws are located on the side of the carburetor, but it depends on the specific engine.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Balancing the Fuel Mixture\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the screw clockwise until the engine starts to sound rough.\", \"描述\": \"Use a flathead screwdriver to tighten the screw. Listen to the engine’s idle sound and stop turning the screw when it starts making a rough rising and falling sound instead of its normal idling sound.\\nTightening the screw weakens the air and fuel mixture and decreases the amount of fuel flowing to the engine.\\nTightening the screw is also called making the fuel mixture leaner, which lowers the RPMs at which the engine idles.\\nRunning a lean fuel mixture makes the engine run with less fuel than it needs to run efficiently. This can damage an engine because there is more friction between moving parts and the engine operates at a higher temperature.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Loosen the screw and count the turns until the engine sounds irregular.\", \"描述\": \"Use your flathead screwdriver to turn the screw counterclockwise, counting the number of rotations you make as you go. Listen to the idling of the engine and stop turning the screw when the engine’s idle sound starts sounding irregular, like it is revving too fast.\\nLoosening the screw strengthens the air and fuel mixture and increases the amount of fuel flowing to the engine.\\nLoosening the screw is also called making the fuel mixture richer, which increases the RPMs at which the engine idles.\\nRunning a rich fuel mixture causes the engine to run with more fuel than it needs to operate efficiently. This means that it will burn fuel much faster than necessary, although the engine may run with more power and at a cooler temperature.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set the screw in the middle between the rough- and irregular-sounding spots.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the screw back clockwise until it is approximately in the middle location between where the engine’s idle sounds irregular and rough. This will set the engine at a regular idle speed.\\nFor example, if you turned the screw 2 full turns counterclockwise from the spot where the engine’s idle started to sound rough, now turn the screw clockwise 1 full turn.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make adjustments 1/2 a turn in either direction to find the smoothest idle speed.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the screw counterclockwise and clockwise 1/2 a turn from the middle position and listen to the sound of the idle. Set the screw in the position where the engine’s idle sounds most even and smooth to balance the fuel mixture.\\nYou might notice that turning the screw 1/2 a turn in either direction makes the engine start to sound rougher or more irregular, in which case you can just set the screw back to the middle position.\\nThis adjustment process is also known as balancing the idle mixture.\\nMost engines have an ideal air fuel ratio, or AFR, around 14.7:1. You could find your engine’s exact AFR using a special meter, but this isn’t really necessary unless you want to be ultra-precise, such as if you’re tuning a high-performance race car or motorcycle.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,433
How to Adjust an E Z Go Golf Cart Governor
1. Adjusting the Common 4-Stroke Engine 1-1. Tighten the governor spring located in the engine of most golf carts to adjust your cart's top speed. 90% of EZ Go Carts have simple springs which limit the speed of the engine. To raise the top speed of your golf cart, all you need to do is locate this spring and tighten it slightly. If you cannot find this spring, you likely have a newer model that is more difficult to adjust, though this is rare. 1-2. Lift up the seat. Remove the seat cousins, which hide the engine. You may have to unscrew the seat in newer models. 1-3. Remove the screws from the black plastic cover at the rear of the seat. There should be five screws in most models. The engine is in the front of golf carts, underneath this panel. Take off the plastic cover and set it aside with the seats. 1-4. Follow the thickest cable coming from the gas pedal until your find a small spring wrapped around a metal rod. This is the governor. The spring apparatus will have two nuts, one small nut and one larger nut, holding it onto the rod. If you are curious, this is your cart's carburetor. 1-5. Loosen the small nut and tighten the larger nut. The more you tighten the larger nut, the faster your cart will go. Start slowly, only tightening the nut a quarter turn to start. You can over-stress the engine if you try to run it too quickly, and it will skip and potentially burn out if you are too eager. 1-6. Tighten up the small nut on the governor to keep the spring in place. Test the speed of the cart. After you are satisfied with how fast your cart goes, tighten the small nut back up. As you test, listen for whining noises, skips, or odd clunking movement in the cart-- this means you've tightened the governor too much and need to dial it back. 1-7. Replace the black cover to start driving. Put the cart back together how you found it and enjoy your ride. 1-8. Know that upping a cart's top speed will cause the engine to wear faster. You'll likely need to get repairs and replacement parts faster on a cart with an adjusted governor. In addition, any cart that can go above 19mph is officially a motor vehicle, and you legally need seatbelts and inspections. This shouldn't be a big problem, but it is worth knowing. 2. Adjusting Other Engines 2-1. Remove the seat and plastic covering over the engine. Sometimes you'll need to remove screws while some models have seats that pop right out. Expose the engine so that you can get to work adjusting the motor. If you don't have a central governor spring, you can still get your cart to move a little faster. 2-2. Locate your clutch pedal and line. The clutch is the pedal (sometimes a handle near your knee) that you use to put the car into reverse or change speeds. You can adjust the clutch to send more gas to your engine, moving you faster. 2-3. Find the small metal rod right next the clutch and the attached cable. The length of this cable determines how much gas flows into your engine. Again, you should remember that the cart's motor will struggle the faster you make it move. So test every change and listen for clunks or stalls to make sure you protect your motor. 2-4. Loosen the nut attaching this cable to the metal protrusion to increase the speed. You should see the cable lengthening slightly. This will make your cart faster. Tighten the nut to make the cart move slower. 2-5. Know that you cannot adjust the governor if this cable or the governor spring are not visible. This is most common on modern, all-electric engine. Many manufacturers, including EZ Go, do not want consumers tampering with their engines, and have thus hidden the governors in the spark plug ignition. This is very difficult to adjust without ruining the engine, and should be left to trained professionals. Tips Turn any nuts and bolts slowly, testing each time. You cannot lose them! Warnings Adjusting the governor yourself may void your warranty.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:19", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting the Common 4-Stroke Engine\\n1-1. Tighten the governor spring located in the engine of most golf carts to adjust your cart's top speed.\\n90% of EZ Go Carts have simple springs which limit the speed of the engine. To raise the top speed of your golf cart, all you need to do is locate this spring and tighten it slightly. If you cannot find this spring, you likely have a newer model that is more difficult to adjust, though this is rare.\\n1-2. Lift up the seat.\\nRemove the seat cousins, which hide the engine. You may have to unscrew the seat in newer models.\\n1-3. Remove the screws from the black plastic cover at the rear of the seat.\\nThere should be five screws in most models. The engine is in the front of golf carts, underneath this panel. Take off the plastic cover and set it aside with the seats.\\n1-4. Follow the thickest cable coming from the gas pedal until your find a small spring wrapped around a metal rod.\\nThis is the governor. The spring apparatus will have two nuts, one small nut and one larger nut, holding it onto the rod.\\nIf you are curious, this is your cart's carburetor.\\n1-5. Loosen the small nut and tighten the larger nut.\\nThe more you tighten the larger nut, the faster your cart will go. Start slowly, only tightening the nut a quarter turn to start. You can over-stress the engine if you try to run it too quickly, and it will skip and potentially burn out if you are too eager.\\n1-6. Tighten up the small nut on the governor to keep the spring in place.\\nTest the speed of the cart. After you are satisfied with how fast your cart goes, tighten the small nut back up. As you test, listen for whining noises, skips, or odd clunking movement in the cart-- this means you've tightened the governor too much and need to dial it back.\\n1-7. Replace the black cover to start driving.\\nPut the cart back together how you found it and enjoy your ride.\\n1-8. Know that upping a cart's top speed will cause the engine to wear faster.\\nYou'll likely need to get repairs and replacement parts faster on a cart with an adjusted governor. In addition, any cart that can go above 19mph is officially a motor vehicle, and you legally need seatbelts and inspections. This shouldn't be a big problem, but it is worth knowing.\\n2. Adjusting Other Engines\\n2-1. Remove the seat and plastic covering over the engine.\\nSometimes you'll need to remove screws while some models have seats that pop right out. Expose the engine so that you can get to work adjusting the motor. If you don't have a central governor spring, you can still get your cart to move a little faster.\\n2-2. Locate your clutch pedal and line.\\nThe clutch is the pedal (sometimes a handle near your knee) that you use to put the car into reverse or change speeds. You can adjust the clutch to send more gas to your engine, moving you faster.\\n2-3. Find the small metal rod right next the clutch and the attached cable.\\nThe length of this cable determines how much gas flows into your engine. Again, you should remember that the cart's motor will struggle the faster you make it move. So test every change and listen for clunks or stalls to make sure you protect your motor.\\n2-4. Loosen the nut attaching this cable to the metal protrusion to increase the speed.\\nYou should see the cable lengthening slightly. This will make your cart faster. Tighten the nut to make the cart move slower.\\n2-5. Know that you cannot adjust the governor if this cable or the governor spring are not visible.\\nThis is most common on modern, all-electric engine. Many manufacturers, including EZ Go, do not want consumers tampering with their engines, and have thus hidden the governors in the spark plug ignition. This is very difficult to adjust without ruining the engine, and should be left to trained professionals.\\nTips\\nTurn any nuts and bolts slowly, testing each time. You cannot lose them!\\nWarnings\\nAdjusting the governor yourself may void your warranty.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Adjusting the governor can make your golf cart go 5–10 mph (8.0–16.1 km/h) faster. If you do this to an E-Z-GO golf cart, you might be able to go from 15 mph (24 km/h) to 22 mph (35 km/h). It will only take about 5 minutes to do it.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Common 4-Stroke Engine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tighten the governor spring located in the engine of most golf carts to adjust your cart's top speed.\", \"描述\": \"90% of EZ Go Carts have simple springs which limit the speed of the engine. To raise the top speed of your golf cart, all you need to do is locate this spring and tighten it slightly. If you cannot find this spring, you likely have a newer model that is more difficult to adjust, though this is rare.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lift up the seat.\", \"描述\": \"Remove the seat cousins, which hide the engine. You may have to unscrew the seat in newer models.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the screws from the black plastic cover at the rear of the seat.\", \"描述\": \"There should be five screws in most models. The engine is in the front of golf carts, underneath this panel. Take off the plastic cover and set it aside with the seats.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Follow the thickest cable coming from the gas pedal until your find a small spring wrapped around a metal rod.\", \"描述\": \"This is the governor. The spring apparatus will have two nuts, one small nut and one larger nut, holding it onto the rod.\\nIf you are curious, this is your cart's carburetor.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Loosen the small nut and tighten the larger nut.\", \"描述\": \"The more you tighten the larger nut, the faster your cart will go. Start slowly, only tightening the nut a quarter turn to start. You can over-stress the engine if you try to run it too quickly, and it will skip and potentially burn out if you are too eager.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tighten up the small nut on the governor to keep the spring in place.\", \"描述\": \"Test the speed of the cart. After you are satisfied with how fast your cart goes, tighten the small nut back up. As you test, listen for whining noises, skips, or odd clunking movement in the cart-- this means you've tightened the governor too much and need to dial it back.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Replace the black cover to start driving.\", \"描述\": \"Put the cart back together how you found it and enjoy your ride.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Know that upping a cart's top speed will cause the engine to wear faster.\", \"描述\": \"You'll likely need to get repairs and replacement parts faster on a cart with an adjusted governor. In addition, any cart that can go above 19mph is officially a motor vehicle, and you legally need seatbelts and inspections. This shouldn't be a big problem, but it is worth knowing.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting Other Engines\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the seat and plastic covering over the engine.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes you'll need to remove screws while some models have seats that pop right out. Expose the engine so that you can get to work adjusting the motor. If you don't have a central governor spring, you can still get your cart to move a little faster.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Locate your clutch pedal and line.\", \"描述\": \"The clutch is the pedal (sometimes a handle near your knee) that you use to put the car into reverse or change speeds. You can adjust the clutch to send more gas to your engine, moving you faster.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find the small metal rod right next the clutch and the attached cable.\", \"描述\": \"The length of this cable determines how much gas flows into your engine. Again, you should remember that the cart's motor will struggle the faster you make it move. So test every change and listen for clunks or stalls to make sure you protect your motor.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Loosen the nut attaching this cable to the metal protrusion to increase the speed.\", \"描述\": \"You should see the cable lengthening slightly. This will make your cart faster. Tighten the nut to make the cart move slower.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Know that you cannot adjust the governor if this cable or the governor spring are not visible.\", \"描述\": \"This is most common on modern, all-electric engine. Many manufacturers, including EZ Go, do not want consumers tampering with their engines, and have thus hidden the governors in the spark plug ignition. This is very difficult to adjust without ruining the engine, and should be left to trained professionals.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Turn any nuts and bolts slowly, testing each time. You cannot lose them!\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Adjusting the governor yourself may void your warranty.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,434
How to Adjust an Impact Sprinkler
1. Fine-Tuning Your Sprinkler Coverage 1-1. Adjust the flow of water at the source. The simplest way to change the amount of water coming out of your impact sprinkler is to tighten (clockwise) or loosen (counterclockwise) the hose faucet where it’s hooked up. Opening the faucet to increase the water flow will increase the power and coverage of the stream, while decreasing the flow will confine the sprinkler coverage to a smaller area. Use a lower water flow when you want to avoid damaging delicate plants, like flowers and leafy shrubs, with a forceful blast. 1-2. Change the position of the diffuser pin. The diffuser pin is a large screw anchored to the base of the sprinkler head. If you want to decrease the distance that your sprinkler covers, screw the pin in a clockwise direction until it sits over the water nozzle. For a more concentrated stream that will go further, unscrew the pin all the way or remove it entirely. When inserted, the diffuser pin breaks up the stream, causing it to fan out in a delicate spray or mist. The further the pin projects over the opening, the shorter and wider the spray will be. 1-3. Raise or lower the deflector shield. Swivel the flat metal square attached to the body of the sprayer head (just beside the diffuser pin) up or down. When the stream hits the downturned deflector shield, it will be redirected into a lower arc perfect for watering nearby plants and patches of grass. If you’re trying to water from one end of your lawn or garden to the other, keep the deflector shield up. This will allow the stream to travel in a higher arc and cover longer distances. 1-4. Use the friction collars to alter the spray pattern. Twist the metal clamps that wind around the base of the sprinkler head into different positions to determine the movement of the sprinkler head. The closer together the collars are, the narrower the watering range. As the sprinkler turns, the wiry metal piece at the base of the head, known as the trip pin, will run up against the collar clamps, causing the sprinkler to reverse direction. Make sure the trip pin stays within the range you want to set for the sprinkler. That way you can water the rose bushes outside your home without dousing the front porch or the garage door. 1-5. Flip up the trip pin for full 360 degree coverage. If you want the sprinkler to rotate all the way around, simply lift the trip pin until it rests up against the sprinkler head. It will then be able to send out water in a smooth, radial motion. Getting the trip pin out of the way can be helpful if your sprinkler system is located in the center of the area you’re watering. 1-6. Adjust the distance control dial. Some impact sprinkler models feature a separate dial that allows users to manually set the desired spray distance. If your sprinkler has one of these dials, turning it to the left will reduce the force of the stream, while turning it the right will pressurize it to send it further. The approximate distances should be clearly labeled in feet or meters, making it easy to get just the right coverage. Assuming your impact sprinkler doesn’t have a distance control dial, you’ll get the best custom spray by tinkering with the water pressure, diffuser pin, and deflector shield. 2. Choosing and Maintaining the Right Setup 2-1. Make sure you're using a water source with a pressure of at least 15 psi. Lower water pressures won’t have the force needed to make an impact sprinkler system effective. If your sprinklers are falling short or don’t seem to be putting out water at a very high rate, you may be better off with a different method of irrigation. You can find out how many psi’s you’re working with by calling your local water provider or using a pressure gauge that fits over the end of a standard garden hose. Most residential areas have an average water pressure somewhere between 40-60 psi. However, yours might be lower if you get your water from a pump or well. 2-2. Choose the right sprinkler head. Impact sprinkler heads are usually sold in a couple different materials—plastic and metal. Plastic heads are lightweight, making them easier to turn with a conservative water flow of around 20-40 psi. While they tend to be slightly more expensive, metal heads will be better able to handle the strain of higher pressures. Metal sprinkler heads are also more durable, meaning they’ll last longer and experience fewer issues. If you’re unsure which type of head will work best for your home, consult with a home improvement or gardening expert while you’re shopping for an impact sprinkler system. 2-3. Clean your sprinkler periodically. A new sprinkler that has stopped performing to its usual standard may just be in need of a good cleaning. Remove the sprinkler head from the base and disassemble it to gain access to the nozzle and swivel bearing. Gently scrub each piece with hot water and a bottle brush to remove any debris or mineral buildup that may be inhibiting the sprinkler’s movement. Common symptoms of a dirty sprinkler include a weak stream with normal water pressure, turning to one side and stopping, and failing to rotate at all. A mixture of vinegar and warm water can cut through heavy mineral and sediment deposits that have accumulated inside the sprinkler head. Tips Once you get your impact sprinkler head set up the way you want it, take a picture or write down the individual settings so you’ll remember where they need to be to water each section of your property. The back-and-forth motion of an impact sprinkler typically results in more even coverage over large areas. This can be a major plus if you want to bring down your utility bill or you’re trying to keep plants alive in a hot, dry climate. Replacing damaged or displaced parts as soon as you discover them to keep your sprinklers working effectively.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:19", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Fine-Tuning Your Sprinkler Coverage\\n1-1. Adjust the flow of water at the source.\\nThe simplest way to change the amount of water coming out of your impact sprinkler is to tighten (clockwise) or loosen (counterclockwise) the hose faucet where it’s hooked up. Opening the faucet to increase the water flow will increase the power and coverage of the stream, while decreasing the flow will confine the sprinkler coverage to a smaller area. \\nUse a lower water flow when you want to avoid damaging delicate plants, like flowers and leafy shrubs, with a forceful blast.\\n1-2. Change the position of the diffuser pin.\\nThe diffuser pin is a large screw anchored to the base of the sprinkler head. If you want to decrease the distance that your sprinkler covers, screw the pin in a clockwise direction until it sits over the water nozzle. For a more concentrated stream that will go further, unscrew the pin all the way or remove it entirely.\\nWhen inserted, the diffuser pin breaks up the stream, causing it to fan out in a delicate spray or mist.\\nThe further the pin projects over the opening, the shorter and wider the spray will be.\\n1-3. Raise or lower the deflector shield.\\nSwivel the flat metal square attached to the body of the sprayer head (just beside the diffuser pin) up or down. When the stream hits the downturned deflector shield, it will be redirected into a lower arc perfect for watering nearby plants and patches of grass. \\nIf you’re trying to water from one end of your lawn or garden to the other, keep the deflector shield up. This will allow the stream to travel in a higher arc and cover longer distances.\\n1-4. Use the friction collars to alter the spray pattern.\\nTwist the metal clamps that wind around the base of the sprinkler head into different positions to determine the movement of the sprinkler head. The closer together the collars are, the narrower the watering range.\\nAs the sprinkler turns, the wiry metal piece at the base of the head, known as the trip pin, will run up against the collar clamps, causing the sprinkler to reverse direction.\\nMake sure the trip pin stays within the range you want to set for the sprinkler. That way you can water the rose bushes outside your home without dousing the front porch or the garage door.\\n1-5. Flip up the trip pin for full 360 degree coverage.\\nIf you want the sprinkler to rotate all the way around, simply lift the trip pin until it rests up against the sprinkler head. It will then be able to send out water in a smooth, radial motion. \\nGetting the trip pin out of the way can be helpful if your sprinkler system is located in the center of the area you’re watering.\\n1-6. Adjust the distance control dial.\\nSome impact sprinkler models feature a separate dial that allows users to manually set the desired spray distance. If your sprinkler has one of these dials, turning it to the left will reduce the force of the stream, while turning it the right will pressurize it to send it further.\\nThe approximate distances should be clearly labeled in feet or meters, making it easy to get just the right coverage.\\nAssuming your impact sprinkler doesn’t have a distance control dial, you’ll get the best custom spray by tinkering with the water pressure, diffuser pin, and deflector shield.\\n2. Choosing and Maintaining the Right Setup\\n2-1. Make sure you're using a water source with a pressure of at least 15 psi.\\nLower water pressures won’t have the force needed to make an impact sprinkler system effective. If your sprinklers are falling short or don’t seem to be putting out water at a very high rate, you may be better off with a different method of irrigation.\\nYou can find out how many psi’s you’re working with by calling your local water provider or using a pressure gauge that fits over the end of a standard garden hose.\\nMost residential areas have an average water pressure somewhere between 40-60 psi. However, yours might be lower if you get your water from a pump or well.\\n2-2. Choose the right sprinkler head.\\nImpact sprinkler heads are usually sold in a couple different materials—plastic and metal. Plastic heads are lightweight, making them easier to turn with a conservative water flow of around 20-40 psi. While they tend to be slightly more expensive, metal heads will be better able to handle the strain of higher pressures.\\nMetal sprinkler heads are also more durable, meaning they’ll last longer and experience fewer issues.\\nIf you’re unsure which type of head will work best for your home, consult with a home improvement or gardening expert while you’re shopping for an impact sprinkler system.\\n2-3. Clean your sprinkler periodically.\\nA new sprinkler that has stopped performing to its usual standard may just be in need of a good cleaning. Remove the sprinkler head from the base and disassemble it to gain access to the nozzle and swivel bearing. Gently scrub each piece with hot water and a bottle brush to remove any debris or mineral buildup that may be inhibiting the sprinkler’s movement.\\nCommon symptoms of a dirty sprinkler include a weak stream with normal water pressure, turning to one side and stopping, and failing to rotate at all.\\nA mixture of vinegar and warm water can cut through heavy mineral and sediment deposits that have accumulated inside the sprinkler head.\\nTips\\nOnce you get your impact sprinkler head set up the way you want it, take a picture or write down the individual settings so you’ll remember where they need to be to water each section of your property.\\nThe back-and-forth motion of an impact sprinkler typically results in more even coverage over large areas. This can be a major plus if you want to bring down your utility bill or you’re trying to keep plants alive in a hot, dry climate.\\nReplacing damaged or displaced parts as soon as you discover them to keep your sprinklers working effectively.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Impact sprinkler heads sit on a rotating bearing, which allows them to pivot as water flows through them for full 360 degree coverage. If you want to tweak your impact sprinkler system to change the pressure, spray pattern, or arc of the water, there are several ways you can go about it. The simplest solution is to control the flow of water at its source. You can also adjust the different parts of the head, like the diffuser pin, movement collars, and deflector shield, to get just the right strength and trajectory.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fine-Tuning Your Sprinkler Coverage\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjust the flow of water at the source.\", \"描述\": \"The simplest way to change the amount of water coming out of your impact sprinkler is to tighten (clockwise) or loosen (counterclockwise) the hose faucet where it’s hooked up. Opening the faucet to increase the water flow will increase the power and coverage of the stream, while decreasing the flow will confine the sprinkler coverage to a smaller area. \\nUse a lower water flow when you want to avoid damaging delicate plants, like flowers and leafy shrubs, with a forceful blast.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Change the position of the diffuser pin.\", \"描述\": \"The diffuser pin is a large screw anchored to the base of the sprinkler head. If you want to decrease the distance that your sprinkler covers, screw the pin in a clockwise direction until it sits over the water nozzle. For a more concentrated stream that will go further, unscrew the pin all the way or remove it entirely.\\nWhen inserted, the diffuser pin breaks up the stream, causing it to fan out in a delicate spray or mist.\\nThe further the pin projects over the opening, the shorter and wider the spray will be.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Raise or lower the deflector shield.\", \"描述\": \"Swivel the flat metal square attached to the body of the sprayer head (just beside the diffuser pin) up or down. When the stream hits the downturned deflector shield, it will be redirected into a lower arc perfect for watering nearby plants and patches of grass. \\nIf you’re trying to water from one end of your lawn or garden to the other, keep the deflector shield up. This will allow the stream to travel in a higher arc and cover longer distances.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use the friction collars to alter the spray pattern.\", \"描述\": \"Twist the metal clamps that wind around the base of the sprinkler head into different positions to determine the movement of the sprinkler head. The closer together the collars are, the narrower the watering range.\\nAs the sprinkler turns, the wiry metal piece at the base of the head, known as the trip pin, will run up against the collar clamps, causing the sprinkler to reverse direction.\\nMake sure the trip pin stays within the range you want to set for the sprinkler. That way you can water the rose bushes outside your home without dousing the front porch or the garage door.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Flip up the trip pin for full 360 degree coverage.\", \"描述\": \"If you want the sprinkler to rotate all the way around, simply lift the trip pin until it rests up against the sprinkler head. It will then be able to send out water in a smooth, radial motion. \\nGetting the trip pin out of the way can be helpful if your sprinkler system is located in the center of the area you’re watering.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Adjust the distance control dial.\", \"描述\": \"Some impact sprinkler models feature a separate dial that allows users to manually set the desired spray distance. If your sprinkler has one of these dials, turning it to the left will reduce the force of the stream, while turning it the right will pressurize it to send it further.\\nThe approximate distances should be clearly labeled in feet or meters, making it easy to get just the right coverage.\\nAssuming your impact sprinkler doesn’t have a distance control dial, you’ll get the best custom spray by tinkering with the water pressure, diffuser pin, and deflector shield.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choosing and Maintaining the Right Setup\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure you're using a water source with a pressure of at least 15 psi.\", \"描述\": \"Lower water pressures won’t have the force needed to make an impact sprinkler system effective. If your sprinklers are falling short or don’t seem to be putting out water at a very high rate, you may be better off with a different method of irrigation.\\nYou can find out how many psi’s you’re working with by calling your local water provider or using a pressure gauge that fits over the end of a standard garden hose.\\nMost residential areas have an average water pressure somewhere between 40-60 psi. However, yours might be lower if you get your water from a pump or well.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose the right sprinkler head.\", \"描述\": \"Impact sprinkler heads are usually sold in a couple different materials—plastic and metal. Plastic heads are lightweight, making them easier to turn with a conservative water flow of around 20-40 psi. While they tend to be slightly more expensive, metal heads will be better able to handle the strain of higher pressures.\\nMetal sprinkler heads are also more durable, meaning they’ll last longer and experience fewer issues.\\nIf you’re unsure which type of head will work best for your home, consult with a home improvement or gardening expert while you’re shopping for an impact sprinkler system.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Clean your sprinkler periodically.\", \"描述\": \"A new sprinkler that has stopped performing to its usual standard may just be in need of a good cleaning. Remove the sprinkler head from the base and disassemble it to gain access to the nozzle and swivel bearing. Gently scrub each piece with hot water and a bottle brush to remove any debris or mineral buildup that may be inhibiting the sprinkler’s movement.\\nCommon symptoms of a dirty sprinkler include a weak stream with normal water pressure, turning to one side and stopping, and failing to rotate at all.\\nA mixture of vinegar and warm water can cut through heavy mineral and sediment deposits that have accumulated inside the sprinkler head.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Once you get your impact sprinkler head set up the way you want it, take a picture or write down the individual settings so you’ll remember where they need to be to water each section of your property.\\n\", \"The back-and-forth motion of an impact sprinkler typically results in more even coverage over large areas. This can be a major plus if you want to bring down your utility bill or you’re trying to keep plants alive in a hot, dry climate.\\n\", \"Replacing damaged or displaced parts as soon as you discover them to keep your sprinklers working effectively.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,435
How to Adjust an Office Chair
1. Adjusting an Office Chair 1-1. Establish the height of your workstation. Set up your workstation at the appropriate height. The most desirable situation is if you can change the height of your workstation but few workstations allow for this. If your workstation cannot be adjusted then you will have to adjust the height of your chair. If your workstation can be adjusted then stand in front of the chair and adjust the height so that the highest point is just below the kneecap. Then adjust your workstation height so that your elbows form a 90-degree angle when you are sitting with your hands resting on the desk top. 1-2. Assess the angle of your elbows with regard to the workstation. Sit as close to your desk as is comfortable with your upper arms parallel to your spine. Let your hands rest on the surface of the workstation or your computer keyboard, whichever you will use more often. They should be at a 90-degree angle. Sit on the chair in front of your workstation as closely as possible and feel under the seat of the chair for the height control. This is usually located on the left side. If your hands are higher than your elbows then the seat is too low. Raise your body off the seat and press the lever. This will allow the seat to rise. Once it's reached the desired height, let go of the lever to lock it into place. If the seat is too high, remain seated, press the lever, and let go when the desired height is reached. 1-3. Make sure your feet are placed at the right level compared to your seat. While sitting down with your feet flat on the ground, slide your fingers between your thigh and the edge of the office chair. There should be about a finger’s width of space between your thigh and the office chair. If you're very tall and there's more than a finger's width between the chair and your thigh, you'll need to raise your office chair as well as your workstation to achieve the appropriate height. If it's difficult to slide your fingers under your thigh, you'll need to raise your feet to attain a 90-degree angle at your knees. You can use an adjustable footrest to create a higher surface for your feet to rest on. 1-4. Measure the distance between your calf and the front of your office chair. Clench your fist and try to pass it between your office chair and the back of your calf. There should be a fist-sized space (about 5 cm or 2 inches) between your calf and the edge of the chair. This determines whether the depth of the chair is correct. If it's tight and difficult to fit your fist in the space, your chair is too deep and you'll need to bring the backrest forward. Most ergonomic office chairs allow you to do so by turning a lever below the seat on the right hand side. If you can't adjust the chair's depth, use a low back or lumbar support. If there is too much space between your calves and the edge of the chair then you can adjust the back backwards. There will usually be a lever below the seat on the right hand side. It's essential that the depth of your office chair is correct to avoid slumping or slouching while you work. Good lower back support will minimize the strain on your back and is a great precaution against low back injuries. 1-5. Adjust the height of the backrest. While sitting properly on the chair with your feet down and your calves a fist-space away from the edge of the chair move the backrest up or down to fit in the small of your back. This way it will provide the greatest support for your back. You want to feel firm support over the lumbar curve of your lower back. There should be a knob on the back of the chair allowing the backrest to move up and down. Since it is easier to lower the backrest than to raise it while sitting, start by raising it all the way up while standing. Then sit in the chair and adjust the backrest down until it fits in the small of your back. Not all chairs will allow you to adjust the height of the backrest. 1-6. Adjust the angle of the backrest to fit your back. The backrest should be at an angle that supports you while sitting in your preferred posture. You should not have to lean back to feel it nor lean farther forward that you like to sit. There will be a knob locking the backrest angle in place on the back of the chair. Unlock the backrest angle and lean forwards and backwards while looking at your monitor. Once you reach the angle that feels right lock the backrest into place. Not all chairs will allow you to adjust the angle of the backrest. 1-7. Adjust the armrests of the chair so that they barely touch your elbows when they are at a 90-degree angle. The armrests should just barely touch your elbows when resting your hands on the desk top or computer keyboard. If they are too high then they will force you to position your arms awkwardly. Your arms should be able to swing freely. Resting your arms on the armrests while typing will inhibit normal arm movement and cause extra strain on your fingers and supporting structures. Some chairs will require a screwdriver to adjust the armrests while others will have a knob that can be used to adjust the height of the armrests. Check on the lower portion of your armrests. Adjustable armrests are not available on all chairs. If your armrests are too high and cannot be adjusted then you should remove the armrests from the chair to prevent them from causing pain to your shoulders and fingers. 1-8. Assess your resting eye level. Your eyes should be level with the computer screen that you are working on. Assess this by sitting on the chair, closing your eyes, pointing your head directly forward and slowly opening them. You should be looking at the center of the computer screen and be able to read everything on it without straining your neck or moving your eyes up or down. If you have to move your eyes down to reach the computer screen then you can place something underneath it to raise its level. For example, you could slide a box under a monitor to raise it to the proper height. If you have to move your eyes up to reach the computer screen then you should try to find a way to lower the screen so that it is directly ahead of you. 2. Choosing the Correct Chair 2-1. Choose the chair made for your body size. Most chairs are made to fit around 90 percent of people but those on the ends of the spectrum may not fit. Since there is no “average” person chairs are made in sizes that can be fully adjustable so that they can be made to fit most people. However, if you are very tall or very short then you may need a custom-made chair. Unless you get a custom-made chair, you should get a fully adjustable chair so that you can adjust it properly for your body. 2-2. Choose a chair with controls that can be easily operated while sitting. Choosing a chair with controls that are easy to operate while sitting will allow you to adjust your chair completely to your body. You can put yourself in the chair and then adjust all the pieces directly onto your body. 2-3. Choose a chair with a seat that can be adjusted for height and tilt. Height is a very important factor when adjusting a chair so it is very important that the height of the chair can be adjusted according to your body and needs. Tilt is also important for allowing correct posture while sitting. 2-4. Choose a comfortable seat that curves towards the floor at the front edge. The curve along the edge will provide more space for your knees and comfort on the backs of your thighs. Additionally, the seat should not put pressure on the back of thighs or knees. 2-5. Choose a chair with breathable, non-slippery fabric. You don’t want to get all sweaty while working at your desk nor do you want to slide around too much so these factors are important when choosing a chair. 2-6. Choose a chair with a backrest that is shaped to support the lower back and adjustable in height and angle. Adjusting the backrest to completely support your lower back will allow you to remain pain and injury free. 2-7. Choose a chair with a stable five-point base. The base should be a five-point system that provides balance and stability while sitting on the chair. The base should be on casters or wheels depending on your preferences. 2-8. Choose a chair with armrests that are the right distance apart. You should be able to easily get in and out of the chair but the armrests should be as close as possible while sitting. The closer your elbows stay to your body while sitting, the more comfortable you will be. 2-9. Choose a chair with adjustable armrests. Armrests should never hamper your movement while working or typing. Adjustable armrests will allow you to customize their height for your body size and arm length. Tips If you cannot fit your legs under your workstation or there is not enough space for them to freely move then the workstation is too low and should be replaced. You may need to make adjustments for different equipment, accessories and layouts but the chair will usually remain constant for the majority of setups in an office. Remember to always sit properly. Even the most well adjusted chair will be of no use if you slouch or lean forward while working. Maintain proper posture while sitting to avoid injuries and pain.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting an Office Chair\\n1-1. Establish the height of your workstation.\\nSet up your workstation at the appropriate height. The most desirable situation is if you can change the height of your workstation but few workstations allow for this. If your workstation cannot be adjusted then you will have to adjust the height of your chair.\\nIf your workstation can be adjusted then stand in front of the chair and adjust the height so that the highest point is just below the kneecap. Then adjust your workstation height so that your elbows form a 90-degree angle when you are sitting with your hands resting on the desk top.\\n1-2. Assess the angle of your elbows with regard to the workstation.\\nSit as close to your desk as is comfortable with your upper arms parallel to your spine. Let your hands rest on the surface of the workstation or your computer keyboard, whichever you will use more often. They should be at a 90-degree angle.\\nSit on the chair in front of your workstation as closely as possible and feel under the seat of the chair for the height control. This is usually located on the left side.\\nIf your hands are higher than your elbows then the seat is too low. Raise your body off the seat and press the lever. This will allow the seat to rise. Once it's reached the desired height, let go of the lever to lock it into place.\\nIf the seat is too high, remain seated, press the lever, and let go when the desired height is reached.\\n1-3. Make sure your feet are placed at the right level compared to your seat.\\nWhile sitting down with your feet flat on the ground, slide your fingers between your thigh and the edge of the office chair. There should be about a finger’s width of space between your thigh and the office chair.\\nIf you're very tall and there's more than a finger's width between the chair and your thigh, you'll need to raise your office chair as well as your workstation to achieve the appropriate height.\\nIf it's difficult to slide your fingers under your thigh, you'll need to raise your feet to attain a 90-degree angle at your knees. You can use an adjustable footrest to create a higher surface for your feet to rest on.\\n1-4. Measure the distance between your calf and the front of your office chair.\\nClench your fist and try to pass it between your office chair and the back of your calf. There should be a fist-sized space (about 5 cm or 2 inches) between your calf and the edge of the chair. This determines whether the depth of the chair is correct.\\nIf it's tight and difficult to fit your fist in the space, your chair is too deep and you'll need to bring the backrest forward. Most ergonomic office chairs allow you to do so by turning a lever below the seat on the right hand side. If you can't adjust the chair's depth, use a low back or lumbar support.\\nIf there is too much space between your calves and the edge of the chair then you can adjust the back backwards. There will usually be a lever below the seat on the right hand side.\\nIt's essential that the depth of your office chair is correct to avoid slumping or slouching while you work. Good lower back support will minimize the strain on your back and is a great precaution against low back injuries.\\n1-5. Adjust the height of the backrest.\\nWhile sitting properly on the chair with your feet down and your calves a fist-space away from the edge of the chair move the backrest up or down to fit in the small of your back. This way it will provide the greatest support for your back.\\nYou want to feel firm support over the lumbar curve of your lower back.\\nThere should be a knob on the back of the chair allowing the backrest to move up and down. Since it is easier to lower the backrest than to raise it while sitting, start by raising it all the way up while standing. Then sit in the chair and adjust the backrest down until it fits in the small of your back.\\nNot all chairs will allow you to adjust the height of the backrest.\\n1-6. Adjust the angle of the backrest to fit your back.\\nThe backrest should be at an angle that supports you while sitting in your preferred posture. You should not have to lean back to feel it nor lean farther forward that you like to sit.\\nThere will be a knob locking the backrest angle in place on the back of the chair. Unlock the backrest angle and lean forwards and backwards while looking at your monitor. Once you reach the angle that feels right lock the backrest into place.\\nNot all chairs will allow you to adjust the angle of the backrest.\\n1-7. Adjust the armrests of the chair so that they barely touch your elbows when they are at a 90-degree angle.\\nThe armrests should just barely touch your elbows when resting your hands on the desk top or computer keyboard. If they are too high then they will force you to position your arms awkwardly. Your arms should be able to swing freely.\\nResting your arms on the armrests while typing will inhibit normal arm movement and cause extra strain on your fingers and supporting structures.\\nSome chairs will require a screwdriver to adjust the armrests while others will have a knob that can be used to adjust the height of the armrests. Check on the lower portion of your armrests.\\nAdjustable armrests are not available on all chairs.\\nIf your armrests are too high and cannot be adjusted then you should remove the armrests from the chair to prevent them from causing pain to your shoulders and fingers.\\n1-8. Assess your resting eye level.\\nYour eyes should be level with the computer screen that you are working on. Assess this by sitting on the chair, closing your eyes, pointing your head directly forward and slowly opening them. You should be looking at the center of the computer screen and be able to read everything on it without straining your neck or moving your eyes up or down.\\nIf you have to move your eyes down to reach the computer screen then you can place something underneath it to raise its level. For example, you could slide a box under a monitor to raise it to the proper height.\\nIf you have to move your eyes up to reach the computer screen then you should try to find a way to lower the screen so that it is directly ahead of you.\\n2. Choosing the Correct Chair\\n2-1. Choose the chair made for your body size.\\nMost chairs are made to fit around 90 percent of people but those on the ends of the spectrum may not fit. Since there is no “average” person chairs are made in sizes that can be fully adjustable so that they can be made to fit most people. However, if you are very tall or very short then you may need a custom-made chair.\\nUnless you get a custom-made chair, you should get a fully adjustable chair so that you can adjust it properly for your body.\\n2-2. Choose a chair with controls that can be easily operated while sitting.\\nChoosing a chair with controls that are easy to operate while sitting will allow you to adjust your chair completely to your body. You can put yourself in the chair and then adjust all the pieces directly onto your body.\\n2-3. Choose a chair with a seat that can be adjusted for height and tilt.\\nHeight is a very important factor when adjusting a chair so it is very important that the height of the chair can be adjusted according to your body and needs. Tilt is also important for allowing correct posture while sitting.\\n2-4. Choose a comfortable seat that curves towards the floor at the front edge.\\nThe curve along the edge will provide more space for your knees and comfort on the backs of your thighs. Additionally, the seat should not put pressure on the back of thighs or knees.\\n2-5. Choose a chair with breathable, non-slippery fabric.\\nYou don’t want to get all sweaty while working at your desk nor do you want to slide around too much so these factors are important when choosing a chair.\\n2-6. Choose a chair with a backrest that is shaped to support the lower back and adjustable in height and angle.\\nAdjusting the backrest to completely support your lower back will allow you to remain pain and injury free.\\n2-7. Choose a chair with a stable five-point base.\\nThe base should be a five-point system that provides balance and stability while sitting on the chair. The base should be on casters or wheels depending on your preferences.\\n2-8. Choose a chair with armrests that are the right distance apart.\\nYou should be able to easily get in and out of the chair but the armrests should be as close as possible while sitting. The closer your elbows stay to your body while sitting, the more comfortable you will be.\\n2-9. Choose a chair with adjustable armrests.\\nArmrests should never hamper your movement while working or typing. Adjustable armrests will allow you to customize their height for your body size and arm length.\\nTips\\nIf you cannot fit your legs under your workstation or there is not enough space for them to freely move then the workstation is too low and should be replaced.\\nYou may need to make adjustments for different equipment, accessories and layouts but the chair will usually remain constant for the majority of setups in an office.\\nRemember to always sit properly. Even the most well adjusted chair will be of no use if you slouch or lean forward while working. Maintain proper posture while sitting to avoid injuries and pain.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you regularly work at a desk for computer work or study, you'll need to sit on an office chair that is correctly adjusted for your body to avoid back pain and problems. As doctors, chiropractors and physiotherapists know, many people develop seriously overstretched ligaments in their spine and sometimes even disc problems due to sitting on unfitted office chairs for long periods of time. However, adjusting an office chair is simple and only takes a matter of minutes if you know how to adapt it to your body's proportions.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting an Office Chair\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Establish the height of your workstation.\", \"描述\": \"Set up your workstation at the appropriate height. The most desirable situation is if you can change the height of your workstation but few workstations allow for this. If your workstation cannot be adjusted then you will have to adjust the height of your chair.\\nIf your workstation can be adjusted then stand in front of the chair and adjust the height so that the highest point is just below the kneecap. Then adjust your workstation height so that your elbows form a 90-degree angle when you are sitting with your hands resting on the desk top.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Assess the angle of your elbows with regard to the workstation.\", \"描述\": \"Sit as close to your desk as is comfortable with your upper arms parallel to your spine. Let your hands rest on the surface of the workstation or your computer keyboard, whichever you will use more often. They should be at a 90-degree angle.\\nSit on the chair in front of your workstation as closely as possible and feel under the seat of the chair for the height control. This is usually located on the left side.\\nIf your hands are higher than your elbows then the seat is too low. Raise your body off the seat and press the lever. This will allow the seat to rise. Once it's reached the desired height, let go of the lever to lock it into place.\\nIf the seat is too high, remain seated, press the lever, and let go when the desired height is reached.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make sure your feet are placed at the right level compared to your seat.\", \"描述\": \"While sitting down with your feet flat on the ground, slide your fingers between your thigh and the edge of the office chair. There should be about a finger’s width of space between your thigh and the office chair.\\nIf you're very tall and there's more than a finger's width between the chair and your thigh, you'll need to raise your office chair as well as your workstation to achieve the appropriate height.\\nIf it's difficult to slide your fingers under your thigh, you'll need to raise your feet to attain a 90-degree angle at your knees. You can use an adjustable footrest to create a higher surface for your feet to rest on.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Measure the distance between your calf and the front of your office chair.\", \"描述\": \"Clench your fist and try to pass it between your office chair and the back of your calf. There should be a fist-sized space (about 5 cm or 2 inches) between your calf and the edge of the chair. This determines whether the depth of the chair is correct.\\nIf it's tight and difficult to fit your fist in the space, your chair is too deep and you'll need to bring the backrest forward. Most ergonomic office chairs allow you to do so by turning a lever below the seat on the right hand side. If you can't adjust the chair's depth, use a low back or lumbar support.\\nIf there is too much space between your calves and the edge of the chair then you can adjust the back backwards. There will usually be a lever below the seat on the right hand side.\\nIt's essential that the depth of your office chair is correct to avoid slumping or slouching while you work. Good lower back support will minimize the strain on your back and is a great precaution against low back injuries.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Adjust the height of the backrest.\", \"描述\": \"While sitting properly on the chair with your feet down and your calves a fist-space away from the edge of the chair move the backrest up or down to fit in the small of your back. This way it will provide the greatest support for your back.\\nYou want to feel firm support over the lumbar curve of your lower back.\\nThere should be a knob on the back of the chair allowing the backrest to move up and down. Since it is easier to lower the backrest than to raise it while sitting, start by raising it all the way up while standing. Then sit in the chair and adjust the backrest down until it fits in the small of your back.\\nNot all chairs will allow you to adjust the height of the backrest.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Adjust the angle of the backrest to fit your back.\", \"描述\": \"The backrest should be at an angle that supports you while sitting in your preferred posture. You should not have to lean back to feel it nor lean farther forward that you like to sit.\\nThere will be a knob locking the backrest angle in place on the back of the chair. Unlock the backrest angle and lean forwards and backwards while looking at your monitor. Once you reach the angle that feels right lock the backrest into place.\\nNot all chairs will allow you to adjust the angle of the backrest.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Adjust the armrests of the chair so that they barely touch your elbows when they are at a 90-degree angle.\", \"描述\": \"The armrests should just barely touch your elbows when resting your hands on the desk top or computer keyboard. If they are too high then they will force you to position your arms awkwardly. Your arms should be able to swing freely.\\nResting your arms on the armrests while typing will inhibit normal arm movement and cause extra strain on your fingers and supporting structures.\\nSome chairs will require a screwdriver to adjust the armrests while others will have a knob that can be used to adjust the height of the armrests. Check on the lower portion of your armrests.\\nAdjustable armrests are not available on all chairs.\\nIf your armrests are too high and cannot be adjusted then you should remove the armrests from the chair to prevent them from causing pain to your shoulders and fingers.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Assess your resting eye level.\", \"描述\": \"Your eyes should be level with the computer screen that you are working on. Assess this by sitting on the chair, closing your eyes, pointing your head directly forward and slowly opening them. You should be looking at the center of the computer screen and be able to read everything on it without straining your neck or moving your eyes up or down.\\nIf you have to move your eyes down to reach the computer screen then you can place something underneath it to raise its level. For example, you could slide a box under a monitor to raise it to the proper height.\\nIf you have to move your eyes up to reach the computer screen then you should try to find a way to lower the screen so that it is directly ahead of you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choosing the Correct Chair\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose the chair made for your body size.\", \"描述\": \"Most chairs are made to fit around 90 percent of people but those on the ends of the spectrum may not fit. Since there is no “average” person chairs are made in sizes that can be fully adjustable so that they can be made to fit most people. However, if you are very tall or very short then you may need a custom-made chair.\\nUnless you get a custom-made chair, you should get a fully adjustable chair so that you can adjust it properly for your body.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose a chair with controls that can be easily operated while sitting.\", \"描述\": \"Choosing a chair with controls that are easy to operate while sitting will allow you to adjust your chair completely to your body. You can put yourself in the chair and then adjust all the pieces directly onto your body.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Choose a chair with a seat that can be adjusted for height and tilt.\", \"描述\": \"Height is a very important factor when adjusting a chair so it is very important that the height of the chair can be adjusted according to your body and needs. Tilt is also important for allowing correct posture while sitting.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Choose a comfortable seat that curves towards the floor at the front edge.\", \"描述\": \"The curve along the edge will provide more space for your knees and comfort on the backs of your thighs. Additionally, the seat should not put pressure on the back of thighs or knees.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Choose a chair with breathable, non-slippery fabric.\", \"描述\": \"You don’t want to get all sweaty while working at your desk nor do you want to slide around too much so these factors are important when choosing a chair.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Choose a chair with a backrest that is shaped to support the lower back and adjustable in height and angle.\", \"描述\": \"Adjusting the backrest to completely support your lower back will allow you to remain pain and injury free.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Choose a chair with a stable five-point base.\", \"描述\": \"The base should be a five-point system that provides balance and stability while sitting on the chair. The base should be on casters or wheels depending on your preferences.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Choose a chair with armrests that are the right distance apart.\", \"描述\": \"You should be able to easily get in and out of the chair but the armrests should be as close as possible while sitting. The closer your elbows stay to your body while sitting, the more comfortable you will be.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Choose a chair with adjustable armrests.\", \"描述\": \"Armrests should never hamper your movement while working or typing. Adjustable armrests will allow you to customize their height for your body size and arm length.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you cannot fit your legs under your workstation or there is not enough space for them to freely move then the workstation is too low and should be replaced.\\n\", \"You may need to make adjustments for different equipment, accessories and layouts but the chair will usually remain constant for the majority of setups in an office.\\n\", \"Remember to always sit properly. Even the most well adjusted chair will be of no use if you slouch or lean forward while working. Maintain proper posture while sitting to avoid injuries and pain.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,436
How to Adjust an Oven Pilot Light
1. Making the Flame Higher or Lower 1-1. Turn off the oven and remove the control panel to get to the thermostat control. Read your owner's manual to determine if the thermostat control is behind the control panel or if it's at the bottom of your oven behind a screen. Pull off the oven control knob to remove the control panel or use a screwdriver to unscrew the screen that's covering the thermostat control. Set the knob or screw in a safe place so you can find it easily when it's time to put it back in place. 1-2. Turn the shutter screw counter-clockwise if the pilot flame is yellow. If your pilot light frequently goes out and the flame is yellow, it's not getting enough gas. Fortunately, you just need to open the shutter so it gets more gas. Take a flathead screwdriver and turn the screw counterclockwise until you see the flame get larger. Keep loosening the screw until the flame is blue and between 1 to 1 ⁄2 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) high. You should also adjust the screw if the flame is blue with yellow tips. Loosen the screw until the flame is completely blue and about 1 inch (2.5 cm) high. 1-3. Turn the shutter screw clockwise if the blue flame is too high. If you can hear the flame making a roaring sound and the flame looks higher than 1 ⁄2 inches (3.8 cm), it's getting too much gas. For this simple adjustment, use a flathead screwdriver and tighten the screw clockwise until the flame is between 1 to 1 ⁄2 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) high. 1-4. Put the control panel back and screw it in place. Once you've finished adjusting your oven's pilot light, place the long, flat control panel back or put the access screen over the shutter screw and put the screw back in. Tighten it in place so the screen doesn't fall off. 2. Lighting the Oven's Pilot 2-1. Turn off the oven and open a window to ventilate the kitchen. Your oven might be releasing gas if you've tried several times to turn it on. Turn the oven and stovetop burners off. Then, open a window to get some fresh air in the room. Turn on a ceiling fan to get even more air moving in the kitchen. 2-2. Open the oven door and find the pilot light hole inside the front or back of the oven. Look across the oven floor for a small hole that's connected to gas pipes. Although it might be tricky to spot, the hole should say "pilot light." Look near the front of the oven in the middle or check the back left corner of the oven for the hole. 2-3. Remove the oven door if it makes it easier to access the pilot light. Once you've found your oven's pilot light, decide if you need to take the oven door off. You'll have a much easier time reaching the pilot light if it's in the back corner, for instance. If your pilot light is at the front of the oven, you might be able to relight and adjust it without taking the door off. 2-4. Take off the baseplate from the bottom of the oven to access the control panel. Depending on your oven, you may be able to just lift the baseplate from the bottom so you can see the pilot light. If your baseplate is screwed onto the oven, use a flathead screwdriver to unscrew it so you can lift it out. If your oven has a drawer at the bottom, you might have to take it off to access the control panel for the pilot flame adjustment screw. 2-5. Turn the oven control knob to "ignite" and hold a flame to the hole of the pilot light. Look at the knob that turns your oven on and turn it to "ignite." It may click to let you know that gas is running through the line. While the knob is set to "ignite" take a long lighter and hold it near the pilot light that you found earlier. Your oven knob might show a picture of a flame instead of the word "ignite." 2-6. Continue to push in the thermostat knob for up to 1 minute. Your owner's manual might direct you to keep pushing in the thermostat knob after you've lit the pilot light. If it tells you do keep the knob pressed, hold it for about 1 minute so the pilot light stays lit. This is pretty common for most ovens that were made after 2004. 2-7. Turn off the oven and check to see if the pilot light is still lit. Turn off the oven control knob. Now that your pilot is lit, you should have no trouble turning the oven back on and off. Check it a few times before you put the baseplate and door back. Remember to turn off the oven once you're finished. If the pilot light has gone out, you might need to make the flame larger or replace the thermocouple. Tips Keep the area around the pilot light free from dust or grease so nothing blocks it. If grease blocks the pilot, the oven won't be able to turn on.[12] X Research source Warnings If your pilot light continues to go out after you've adjusted the flame size, call an appliance repair specialist who can check for gas leaks in the line. You may need to contact your gas company for further repairs.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Making the Flame Higher or Lower\\n1-1. Turn off the oven and remove the control panel to get to the thermostat control.\\nRead your owner's manual to determine if the thermostat control is behind the control panel or if it's at the bottom of your oven behind a screen. Pull off the oven control knob to remove the control panel or use a screwdriver to unscrew the screen that's covering the thermostat control.\\nSet the knob or screw in a safe place so you can find it easily when it's time to put it back in place.\\n1-2. Turn the shutter screw counter-clockwise if the pilot flame is yellow.\\nIf your pilot light frequently goes out and the flame is yellow, it's not getting enough gas. Fortunately, you just need to open the shutter so it gets more gas. Take a flathead screwdriver and turn the screw counterclockwise until you see the flame get larger. Keep loosening the screw until the flame is blue and between 1 to 1 ⁄2 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) high.\\nYou should also adjust the screw if the flame is blue with yellow tips. Loosen the screw until the flame is completely blue and about 1 inch (2.5 cm) high.\\n1-3. Turn the shutter screw clockwise if the blue flame is too high.\\nIf you can hear the flame making a roaring sound and the flame looks higher than 1 ⁄2 inches (3.8 cm), it's getting too much gas. For this simple adjustment, use a flathead screwdriver and tighten the screw clockwise until the flame is between 1 to 1 ⁄2 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) high.\\n1-4. Put the control panel back and screw it in place.\\nOnce you've finished adjusting your oven's pilot light, place the long, flat control panel back or put the access screen over the shutter screw and put the screw back in. Tighten it in place so the screen doesn't fall off.\\n2. Lighting the Oven's Pilot\\n2-1. Turn off the oven and open a window to ventilate the kitchen.\\nYour oven might be releasing gas if you've tried several times to turn it on. Turn the oven and stovetop burners off. Then, open a window to get some fresh air in the room.\\nTurn on a ceiling fan to get even more air moving in the kitchen.\\n2-2. Open the oven door and find the pilot light hole inside the front or back of the oven.\\nLook across the oven floor for a small hole that's connected to gas pipes. Although it might be tricky to spot, the hole should say \\\"pilot light.\\\" Look near the front of the oven in the middle or check the back left corner of the oven for the hole.\\n2-3. Remove the oven door if it makes it easier to access the pilot light.\\nOnce you've found your oven's pilot light, decide if you need to take the oven door off. You'll have a much easier time reaching the pilot light if it's in the back corner, for instance.\\nIf your pilot light is at the front of the oven, you might be able to relight and adjust it without taking the door off.\\n2-4. Take off the baseplate from the bottom of the oven to access the control panel.\\nDepending on your oven, you may be able to just lift the baseplate from the bottom so you can see the pilot light. If your baseplate is screwed onto the oven, use a flathead screwdriver to unscrew it so you can lift it out.\\nIf your oven has a drawer at the bottom, you might have to take it off to access the control panel for the pilot flame adjustment screw.\\n2-5. Turn the oven control knob to \\\"ignite\\\" and hold a flame to the hole of the pilot light.\\nLook at the knob that turns your oven on and turn it to \\\"ignite.\\\" It may click to let you know that gas is running through the line. While the knob is set to \\\"ignite\\\" take a long lighter and hold it near the pilot light that you found earlier.\\nYour oven knob might show a picture of a flame instead of the word \\\"ignite.\\\"\\n2-6. Continue to push in the thermostat knob for up to 1 minute.\\nYour owner's manual might direct you to keep pushing in the thermostat knob after you've lit the pilot light. If it tells you do keep the knob pressed, hold it for about 1 minute so the pilot light stays lit.\\nThis is pretty common for most ovens that were made after 2004.\\n2-7. Turn off the oven and check to see if the pilot light is still lit.\\nTurn off the oven control knob. Now that your pilot is lit, you should have no trouble turning the oven back on and off. Check it a few times before you put the baseplate and door back. Remember to turn off the oven once you're finished.\\nIf the pilot light has gone out, you might need to make the flame larger or replace the thermocouple.\\nTips\\nKeep the area around the pilot light free from dust or grease so nothing blocks it. If grease blocks the pilot, the oven won't be able to turn on.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nIf your pilot light continues to go out after you've adjusted the flame size, call an appliance repair specialist who can check for gas leaks in the line. You may need to contact your gas company for further repairs.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If your gas oven isn't heating, save yourself a call to the appliance repair specialist. If your pilot light keeps going out, the flame might be too low, but if the flame is too high, you'll waste money on gas. Simply turn the shutter screw to adjust the gas flow so your pilot light stays lit and efficient. If the pilot light inside the oven has gone out, all you need to do is relight it.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Making the Flame Higher or Lower\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn off the oven and remove the control panel to get to the thermostat control.\", \"描述\": \"Read your owner's manual to determine if the thermostat control is behind the control panel or if it's at the bottom of your oven behind a screen. Pull off the oven control knob to remove the control panel or use a screwdriver to unscrew the screen that's covering the thermostat control.\\nSet the knob or screw in a safe place so you can find it easily when it's time to put it back in place.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the shutter screw counter-clockwise if the pilot flame is yellow.\", \"描述\": \"If your pilot light frequently goes out and the flame is yellow, it's not getting enough gas. Fortunately, you just need to open the shutter so it gets more gas. Take a flathead screwdriver and turn the screw counterclockwise until you see the flame get larger. Keep loosening the screw until the flame is blue and between 1 to 1 ⁄2 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) high.\\nYou should also adjust the screw if the flame is blue with yellow tips. Loosen the screw until the flame is completely blue and about 1 inch (2.5 cm) high.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the shutter screw clockwise if the blue flame is too high.\", \"描述\": \"If you can hear the flame making a roaring sound and the flame looks higher than 1 ⁄2 inches (3.8 cm), it's getting too much gas. For this simple adjustment, use a flathead screwdriver and tighten the screw clockwise until the flame is between 1 to 1 ⁄2 inches (2.5 to 3.8 cm) high.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Put the control panel back and screw it in place.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've finished adjusting your oven's pilot light, place the long, flat control panel back or put the access screen over the shutter screw and put the screw back in. Tighten it in place so the screen doesn't fall off.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lighting the Oven's Pilot\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn off the oven and open a window to ventilate the kitchen.\", \"描述\": \"Your oven might be releasing gas if you've tried several times to turn it on. Turn the oven and stovetop burners off. Then, open a window to get some fresh air in the room.\\nTurn on a ceiling fan to get even more air moving in the kitchen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open the oven door and find the pilot light hole inside the front or back of the oven.\", \"描述\": \"Look across the oven floor for a small hole that's connected to gas pipes. Although it might be tricky to spot, the hole should say \\\"pilot light.\\\" Look near the front of the oven in the middle or check the back left corner of the oven for the hole.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the oven door if it makes it easier to access the pilot light.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've found your oven's pilot light, decide if you need to take the oven door off. You'll have a much easier time reaching the pilot light if it's in the back corner, for instance.\\nIf your pilot light is at the front of the oven, you might be able to relight and adjust it without taking the door off.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take off the baseplate from the bottom of the oven to access the control panel.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on your oven, you may be able to just lift the baseplate from the bottom so you can see the pilot light. If your baseplate is screwed onto the oven, use a flathead screwdriver to unscrew it so you can lift it out.\\nIf your oven has a drawer at the bottom, you might have to take it off to access the control panel for the pilot flame adjustment screw.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Turn the oven control knob to \\\"ignite\\\" and hold a flame to the hole of the pilot light.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the knob that turns your oven on and turn it to \\\"ignite.\\\" It may click to let you know that gas is running through the line. While the knob is set to \\\"ignite\\\" take a long lighter and hold it near the pilot light that you found earlier.\\nYour oven knob might show a picture of a flame instead of the word \\\"ignite.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Continue to push in the thermostat knob for up to 1 minute.\", \"描述\": \"Your owner's manual might direct you to keep pushing in the thermostat knob after you've lit the pilot light. If it tells you do keep the knob pressed, hold it for about 1 minute so the pilot light stays lit.\\nThis is pretty common for most ovens that were made after 2004.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Turn off the oven and check to see if the pilot light is still lit.\", \"描述\": \"Turn off the oven control knob. Now that your pilot is lit, you should have no trouble turning the oven back on and off. Check it a few times before you put the baseplate and door back. Remember to turn off the oven once you're finished.\\nIf the pilot light has gone out, you might need to make the flame larger or replace the thermocouple.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Keep the area around the pilot light free from dust or grease so nothing blocks it. If grease blocks the pilot, the oven won't be able to turn on.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If your pilot light continues to go out after you've adjusted the flame size, call an appliance repair specialist who can check for gas leaks in the line. You may need to contact your gas company for further repairs.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,437
How to Adjust the Action on a Guitar
1. Checking Relief at the Neck 1-1. Tune your guitar to proper pitch. Make sure your guitar is in tune so the strings are at their proper tension. The neck naturally moves when the strings are off or out of tune, so you want to make sure it's in proper position. With your guitar in tune, you're going to check to make sure that there are no warps or bends in the bridge that could cause the action to be uneven and make your guitar harder to play. 1-2. Sight the guitar neck from the headstock down towards the bridge. Turn your guitar on its side and hold it at an angle with the lower side of the guitar resting on the table and the headstock at eye level. Closing one eye, look down the side of the neck to see if it's straight. Turn the guitar over and look down the other side as well. The neck should be straight on both sides. You can also look down through the center of the headstock with your guitar resting on its back edge on the table. From this angle, you can more easily see if there's a bend in the neck. If this is your first time sighting the neck of your guitar, you may not know exactly what to look for. 1-3. Use the tap test to gauge neck relief. Fret a string at the first fret, then press the string down with your pinky on the nearest fret where the neck joins the body of the guitar. This test can help you determine how much space there is between the string and the frets. Repeat the tap test with all 6 strings of your guitar. Since it takes practice to sight a guitar neck, this test can help you confirm your findings. 1-4. Expose the truss rod of your guitar. In your headstock, you'll see a little truss rod cover secured with micro-screws. Unscrew the cover and set it aside to expose the end of the truss rod. You may need to apply a small dab of oil or other lubricant to ensure it turns smoothly. Take care not to lose the truss rod cover or the screws. You can stick them temporarily to a piece of tape or the sticky part of a sticky note to keep them together. Some acoustic guitars are only accessible through the soundhole of the guitar. You'll be better able to get at the truss rod if you loosen your guitar strings so they aren't in your way. 1-5. Turn the truss rod slowly and methodically. Choose the truss rod wrench that fits your truss rod and slowly turn it about 1/8 of a turn. Turn it left if you need to loosen the truss rod to add relief in the neck. Turn it right if you need to tighten the truss rod to eliminate excess relief or correct a back-bow. If you're accessing your truss rod through the soundhole of your guitar, you'll be using a longer truss rod wrench to reach it. Keep this in mind when adjusting it so you don't tighten or loosen it more than necessary. 1-6. Repeat as necessary until your guitar's neck is straight. After you've made your first adjustment, tune your guitar back up to pitch and check the relief again. If the neck is still bowed, turn the truss rod another 1/8 of a turn. Then check it again. If this is your first time making this adjustment, you may have to go through this process 4 or 5 times before you get a straight neck. Just have patience. More experienced luthiers can tell exactly how much they need to turn the truss rod just by sighting the neck. 2. Measuring Your Guitar's Action 2-1. Measure your current action at the 12th fret. Make sure your guitar is tuned to pitch so you get an accurate measurement of the action. Place your string action gauge height ruler level with the neck and measure the distance between the string and the top of the 12th fret. You can use any reference point between the 8th and the 12th fret. Just make sure you use the same one every time. While you can use any sort of ruler for this measurement, string action gauge height rulers have much smaller increments, which will enable you to be more accurate. 2-2. Decide whether your action is too low or too high. Whether your action is too low or too high is largely a matter of your own personal preference. It largely depends on what you're comfortable with as well as your playing style. If you fret lightly, you may feel more comfortable with a lower action and you likely won't have to worry about too much buzz. However, more aggressive players typically want higher action to avoid too much fret buzz. Acoustic guitars typically need slightly higher action than electric guitars. Keep that in mind if you have both or are switching from one to the other. 2-3. Check default action for the type of guitar you have. Each guitar has default action it's set to when it leaves the factory. If your guitar has been played a lot or been exposed to drastic changes in temperature and humidity, you may want to simply reset it to the default action. The specific default action depends on the type of guitar you have and the size of its neck. However, you can use general default measurements simply to determine whether your action is too high or too low: For electric guitars, the default action is typically ⁄64 in (0.24 cm) on the bass side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the treble side. For acoustic guitars, the default action is typically ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the bass side and ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the treble side. 3. Setting Action at the Nut 3-1. Bring your guitar up to pitch if necessary. If you've been adjusting the neck relief of your guitar, you may need to retune your guitar before you test the action at the nut. If your strings aren't at the correct tension your measurement will be off. You may not want to adjust the action at the nut at all if you frequently use alternate tunings or switch to different gauge strings. It will only make it difficult for your strings to sit right and you may have trouble keeping your guitar in tune. 3-2. Check the height of the 6th string at the first fret. Place a feeler gauge on top of the first fret, between the string and the fret. Start with the smallest feeler gauge and move up to the next largest. Keep going until you feel the string move to accommodate the feeler gauge. The largest feeler gauge that will fit between the string and the first fret is the distance between the string and the top of the fret. This will give you an idea of how much the nut needs to be filed down (if at all). You can also measure with a gauge height ruler. The standard measurement at the 1st fret is 0.30 in (0.76 cm). 3-3. Loosen the tension on the string and place it to the side of the nut. Detune the 6th string until you can gently slip it through the notch and rest it on the side. Be careful not to rip them out because you can cause the edge of the nut to snap off. You can also rest the loosened string lightly on the top of the nut. However, don't try this until you have some practice as it can damage the nut. 3-4. File the nut at an angle. Using the nut file for the 6th string, file the nut notch towards the headstock at the same angle as the headstock. Be careful not to file it flat. File a very small amount at a time, then replace your string and check the action. Repeat as necessary until you have the action you want. You may want to place a piece of plastic on the headstock between the tuners to protect it. Otherwise, you may accidentally file into the headstock. 3-5. Repeat the process with each of the other strings. Once you've got the correct action at the nut for the 6th string, move to the 5th string and measure the action. File if necessary, then move on to the 4th string, and so on. For middle strings, make sure the strings are loose enough that they aren't resting directly on the nut. 4. Adjusting Action at the Bridge 4-1. Change the bridge height of a Gibson-style bridge in 2 places. Gibson-style bridges have a screw on either side that you can use to adjust the bridge height. Turn the screw to the left to raise the bridge or to the right to lower the bridge. Retune your guitar and measure the action. The following are default Gibson action specifications: Electric: ⁄64 in (0.24 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side Acoustic: ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the high side Bass: ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the high side 4-2. Set the action for each string individually if you have a Fender-style bridge. You have a little more control with a Fender-style bridge because you can adjust the action for each string rather than having to change the height of the whole bridge. Simply use the correct screwdriver to turn the screw at the bottom of the string and raise or lower the height of that string's saddle. Turn left to raise (increasing action) or right to lower (decreasing action). Once you're done, retune the string and check your measurement. Fender default action specifications are as follows: For a neck radius of 7.25 in (18.4 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side. For a neck radius of 9.5 to 12 in (24 to 30 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side. For a neck radius of 15 to 17 in (38 to 43 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.12 cm) on the high side. 4-3. Remove the strings from the bridge on an acoustic guitar. If you have an acoustic guitar, you can't adjust the action at the bridge quite as easily as you can with an electric guitar. Because you'll need to sand down or add a shim to the bridge itself, you must first carefully remove the strings from the bridge so you can pull the saddle out of the bridge slot. Use your string winder to loosen your strings until they're floppy. You may not need to remove them entirely, which can save you some time. However, you do need to loosen them enough that you can remove them from the bridge. If your bridge is wedged pretty tight, you may need to use pliers to get it out. Take care not to scratch your guitar or damage the bridge or saddle. 4-4. Sand down your saddle or add a shim. If you want to lower your action, use sandpaper to slowly and carefully sand down the saddle. If you want to raise your action, you'll need to glue a shim to the saddle (or buy a higher saddle). When sanding, be careful to keep it completely even. An uneven saddle will ruin the tone of your instrument. Do a little at a time, then replace your strings, bring your guitar back up to pitch, and check the action again. Be prepared to repeat this action several times, especially if you don't have much practice. 4-5. Check your action and readjust as necessary. Whether you have an acoustic or electric guitar, you may have to repeat the process of adjusting the action a few times before you get it right. Make sure your guitar is tuned to pitch and measure the action at the 12th fret as you initially did. If you've not yet hit your target, repeat the process of adjusting the action and try again. More than a specific measurement, pay attention to how the guitar plays and sounds. If you're getting a lot of fret buzz when you play your guitar, you've got your action too low. If it's not comfortable to play or you're having trouble fretting strings, you may have it set too high. Play around until you find what works best for you. Tips If you use alternate tunings that change the tension of your strings, you may have to adjust the action when you switch it back to standard tuning. Tools can be purchased online or at brick-and-mortar guitar shops. The feel and playability of a guitar have nothing to do with how expensive it is. If you pick up a nice guitar and find it difficult to play, it likely isn't set up correctly for you. Warnings Adjusting the action on your guitar is a task suitable for more experienced guitar players who can also do minor guitar repairs. If you don't have any experience working on guitars, you're probably better off taking your guitar to an experienced luthier who can help you set it up.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Checking Relief at the Neck\\n1-1. Tune your guitar to proper pitch.\\nMake sure your guitar is in tune so the strings are at their proper tension. The neck naturally moves when the strings are off or out of tune, so you want to make sure it's in proper position.\\nWith your guitar in tune, you're going to check to make sure that there are no warps or bends in the bridge that could cause the action to be uneven and make your guitar harder to play.\\n1-2. Sight the guitar neck from the headstock down towards the bridge.\\nTurn your guitar on its side and hold it at an angle with the lower side of the guitar resting on the table and the headstock at eye level. Closing one eye, look down the side of the neck to see if it's straight.\\nTurn the guitar over and look down the other side as well. The neck should be straight on both sides.\\nYou can also look down through the center of the headstock with your guitar resting on its back edge on the table. From this angle, you can more easily see if there's a bend in the neck.\\nIf this is your first time sighting the neck of your guitar, you may not know exactly what to look for.\\n1-3. Use the tap test to gauge neck relief.\\nFret a string at the first fret, then press the string down with your pinky on the nearest fret where the neck joins the body of the guitar. This test can help you determine how much space there is between the string and the frets.\\nRepeat the tap test with all 6 strings of your guitar.\\nSince it takes practice to sight a guitar neck, this test can help you confirm your findings.\\n1-4. Expose the truss rod of your guitar.\\nIn your headstock, you'll see a little truss rod cover secured with micro-screws. Unscrew the cover and set it aside to expose the end of the truss rod. You may need to apply a small dab of oil or other lubricant to ensure it turns smoothly.\\nTake care not to lose the truss rod cover or the screws. You can stick them temporarily to a piece of tape or the sticky part of a sticky note to keep them together.\\nSome acoustic guitars are only accessible through the soundhole of the guitar. You'll be better able to get at the truss rod if you loosen your guitar strings so they aren't in your way.\\n1-5. Turn the truss rod slowly and methodically.\\nChoose the truss rod wrench that fits your truss rod and slowly turn it about 1/8 of a turn. Turn it left if you need to loosen the truss rod to add relief in the neck. Turn it right if you need to tighten the truss rod to eliminate excess relief or correct a back-bow.\\nIf you're accessing your truss rod through the soundhole of your guitar, you'll be using a longer truss rod wrench to reach it. Keep this in mind when adjusting it so you don't tighten or loosen it more than necessary.\\n1-6. Repeat as necessary until your guitar's neck is straight.\\nAfter you've made your first adjustment, tune your guitar back up to pitch and check the relief again. If the neck is still bowed, turn the truss rod another 1/8 of a turn. Then check it again.\\nIf this is your first time making this adjustment, you may have to go through this process 4 or 5 times before you get a straight neck. Just have patience. More experienced luthiers can tell exactly how much they need to turn the truss rod just by sighting the neck.\\n2. Measuring Your Guitar's Action\\n2-1. Measure your current action at the 12th fret.\\nMake sure your guitar is tuned to pitch so you get an accurate measurement of the action. Place your string action gauge height ruler level with the neck and measure the distance between the string and the top of the 12th fret.\\nYou can use any reference point between the 8th and the 12th fret. Just make sure you use the same one every time.\\nWhile you can use any sort of ruler for this measurement, string action gauge height rulers have much smaller increments, which will enable you to be more accurate.\\n2-2. Decide whether your action is too low or too high.\\nWhether your action is too low or too high is largely a matter of your own personal preference. It largely depends on what you're comfortable with as well as your playing style.\\nIf you fret lightly, you may feel more comfortable with a lower action and you likely won't have to worry about too much buzz. However, more aggressive players typically want higher action to avoid too much fret buzz.\\nAcoustic guitars typically need slightly higher action than electric guitars. Keep that in mind if you have both or are switching from one to the other.\\n2-3. Check default action for the type of guitar you have.\\nEach guitar has default action it's set to when it leaves the factory. If your guitar has been played a lot or been exposed to drastic changes in temperature and humidity, you may want to simply reset it to the default action. The specific default action depends on the type of guitar you have and the size of its neck. However, you can use general default measurements simply to determine whether your action is too high or too low:\\nFor electric guitars, the default action is typically ⁄64 in (0.24 cm) on the bass side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the treble side.\\nFor acoustic guitars, the default action is typically ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the bass side and ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the treble side.\\n3. Setting Action at the Nut\\n3-1. Bring your guitar up to pitch if necessary.\\nIf you've been adjusting the neck relief of your guitar, you may need to retune your guitar before you test the action at the nut. If your strings aren't at the correct tension your measurement will be off.\\nYou may not want to adjust the action at the nut at all if you frequently use alternate tunings or switch to different gauge strings. It will only make it difficult for your strings to sit right and you may have trouble keeping your guitar in tune.\\n3-2. Check the height of the 6th string at the first fret.\\nPlace a feeler gauge on top of the first fret, between the string and the fret. Start with the smallest feeler gauge and move up to the next largest. Keep going until you feel the string move to accommodate the feeler gauge.\\nThe largest feeler gauge that will fit between the string and the first fret is the distance between the string and the top of the fret. This will give you an idea of how much the nut needs to be filed down (if at all).\\nYou can also measure with a gauge height ruler. The standard measurement at the 1st fret is 0.30 in (0.76 cm).\\n3-3. Loosen the tension on the string and place it to the side of the nut.\\nDetune the 6th string until you can gently slip it through the notch and rest it on the side. Be careful not to rip them out because you can cause the edge of the nut to snap off.\\nYou can also rest the loosened string lightly on the top of the nut. However, don't try this until you have some practice as it can damage the nut.\\n3-4. File the nut at an angle.\\nUsing the nut file for the 6th string, file the nut notch towards the headstock at the same angle as the headstock. Be careful not to file it flat. File a very small amount at a time, then replace your string and check the action. Repeat as necessary until you have the action you want.\\nYou may want to place a piece of plastic on the headstock between the tuners to protect it. Otherwise, you may accidentally file into the headstock.\\n3-5. Repeat the process with each of the other strings.\\nOnce you've got the correct action at the nut for the 6th string, move to the 5th string and measure the action. File if necessary, then move on to the 4th string, and so on.\\nFor middle strings, make sure the strings are loose enough that they aren't resting directly on the nut.\\n4. Adjusting Action at the Bridge\\n4-1. Change the bridge height of a Gibson-style bridge in 2 places.\\nGibson-style bridges have a screw on either side that you can use to adjust the bridge height. Turn the screw to the left to raise the bridge or to the right to lower the bridge. Retune your guitar and measure the action. The following are default Gibson action specifications:\\n\\nElectric: ⁄64 in (0.24 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side\\nAcoustic: ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the high side\\nBass: ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the high side\\n4-2. Set the action for each string individually if you have a Fender-style bridge.\\nYou have a little more control with a Fender-style bridge because you can adjust the action for each string rather than having to change the height of the whole bridge. Simply use the correct screwdriver to turn the screw at the bottom of the string and raise or lower the height of that string's saddle. Turn left to raise (increasing action) or right to lower (decreasing action). Once you're done, retune the string and check your measurement. Fender default action specifications are as follows:\\nFor a neck radius of 7.25 in (18.4 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side.\\nFor a neck radius of 9.5 to 12 in (24 to 30 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side.\\nFor a neck radius of 15 to 17 in (38 to 43 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.12 cm) on the high side.\\n4-3. Remove the strings from the bridge on an acoustic guitar.\\nIf you have an acoustic guitar, you can't adjust the action at the bridge quite as easily as you can with an electric guitar. Because you'll need to sand down or add a shim to the bridge itself, you must first carefully remove the strings from the bridge so you can pull the saddle out of the bridge slot.\\nUse your string winder to loosen your strings until they're floppy. You may not need to remove them entirely, which can save you some time. However, you do need to loosen them enough that you can remove them from the bridge.\\nIf your bridge is wedged pretty tight, you may need to use pliers to get it out. Take care not to scratch your guitar or damage the bridge or saddle.\\n4-4. Sand down your saddle or add a shim.\\nIf you want to lower your action, use sandpaper to slowly and carefully sand down the saddle. If you want to raise your action, you'll need to glue a shim to the saddle (or buy a higher saddle).\\nWhen sanding, be careful to keep it completely even. An uneven saddle will ruin the tone of your instrument.\\nDo a little at a time, then replace your strings, bring your guitar back up to pitch, and check the action again. Be prepared to repeat this action several times, especially if you don't have much practice.\\n4-5. Check your action and readjust as necessary.\\nWhether you have an acoustic or electric guitar, you may have to repeat the process of adjusting the action a few times before you get it right. Make sure your guitar is tuned to pitch and measure the action at the 12th fret as you initially did. If you've not yet hit your target, repeat the process of adjusting the action and try again.\\nMore than a specific measurement, pay attention to how the guitar plays and sounds. If you're getting a lot of fret buzz when you play your guitar, you've got your action too low. If it's not comfortable to play or you're having trouble fretting strings, you may have it set too high. Play around until you find what works best for you.\\nTips\\nIf you use alternate tunings that change the tension of your strings, you may have to adjust the action when you switch it back to standard tuning.\\nTools can be purchased online or at brick-and-mortar guitar shops.\\nThe feel and playability of a guitar have nothing to do with how expensive it is. If you pick up a nice guitar and find it difficult to play, it likely isn't set up correctly for you.\\nWarnings\\nAdjusting the action on your guitar is a task suitable for more experienced guitar players who can also do minor guitar repairs. If you don't have any experience working on guitars, you're probably better off taking your guitar to an experienced luthier who can help you set it up.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"On a guitar or bass, the action is the height of your strings over the fretboard. If a guitar's action is too high, the strings will be hard for you to press down and make the instrument harder to play. If the action is too low, on the other hand, the strings will buzz against the frets frequently and ruin your guitar's sound. Most guitarists prefer their action to be as low as possible without any buzz. However, the best action for you is ultimately a matter of personal comfort and preference. Properly adjusting the action on a guitar potentially requires changes at the neck, nut, and bridge.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Checking Relief at the Neck\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tune your guitar to proper pitch.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure your guitar is in tune so the strings are at their proper tension. The neck naturally moves when the strings are off or out of tune, so you want to make sure it's in proper position.\\nWith your guitar in tune, you're going to check to make sure that there are no warps or bends in the bridge that could cause the action to be uneven and make your guitar harder to play.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sight the guitar neck from the headstock down towards the bridge.\", \"描述\": \"Turn your guitar on its side and hold it at an angle with the lower side of the guitar resting on the table and the headstock at eye level. Closing one eye, look down the side of the neck to see if it's straight.\\nTurn the guitar over and look down the other side as well. The neck should be straight on both sides.\\nYou can also look down through the center of the headstock with your guitar resting on its back edge on the table. From this angle, you can more easily see if there's a bend in the neck.\\nIf this is your first time sighting the neck of your guitar, you may not know exactly what to look for.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use the tap test to gauge neck relief.\", \"描述\": \"Fret a string at the first fret, then press the string down with your pinky on the nearest fret where the neck joins the body of the guitar. This test can help you determine how much space there is between the string and the frets.\\nRepeat the tap test with all 6 strings of your guitar.\\nSince it takes practice to sight a guitar neck, this test can help you confirm your findings.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Expose the truss rod of your guitar.\", \"描述\": \"In your headstock, you'll see a little truss rod cover secured with micro-screws. Unscrew the cover and set it aside to expose the end of the truss rod. You may need to apply a small dab of oil or other lubricant to ensure it turns smoothly.\\nTake care not to lose the truss rod cover or the screws. You can stick them temporarily to a piece of tape or the sticky part of a sticky note to keep them together.\\nSome acoustic guitars are only accessible through the soundhole of the guitar. You'll be better able to get at the truss rod if you loosen your guitar strings so they aren't in your way.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Turn the truss rod slowly and methodically.\", \"描述\": \"Choose the truss rod wrench that fits your truss rod and slowly turn it about 1/8 of a turn. Turn it left if you need to loosen the truss rod to add relief in the neck. Turn it right if you need to tighten the truss rod to eliminate excess relief or correct a back-bow.\\nIf you're accessing your truss rod through the soundhole of your guitar, you'll be using a longer truss rod wrench to reach it. Keep this in mind when adjusting it so you don't tighten or loosen it more than necessary.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Repeat as necessary until your guitar's neck is straight.\", \"描述\": \"After you've made your first adjustment, tune your guitar back up to pitch and check the relief again. If the neck is still bowed, turn the truss rod another 1/8 of a turn. Then check it again.\\nIf this is your first time making this adjustment, you may have to go through this process 4 or 5 times before you get a straight neck. Just have patience. More experienced luthiers can tell exactly how much they need to turn the truss rod just by sighting the neck.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Measuring Your Guitar's Action\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Measure your current action at the 12th fret.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure your guitar is tuned to pitch so you get an accurate measurement of the action. Place your string action gauge height ruler level with the neck and measure the distance between the string and the top of the 12th fret.\\nYou can use any reference point between the 8th and the 12th fret. Just make sure you use the same one every time.\\nWhile you can use any sort of ruler for this measurement, string action gauge height rulers have much smaller increments, which will enable you to be more accurate.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Decide whether your action is too low or too high.\", \"描述\": \"Whether your action is too low or too high is largely a matter of your own personal preference. It largely depends on what you're comfortable with as well as your playing style.\\nIf you fret lightly, you may feel more comfortable with a lower action and you likely won't have to worry about too much buzz. However, more aggressive players typically want higher action to avoid too much fret buzz.\\nAcoustic guitars typically need slightly higher action than electric guitars. Keep that in mind if you have both or are switching from one to the other.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check default action for the type of guitar you have.\", \"描述\": \"Each guitar has default action it's set to when it leaves the factory. If your guitar has been played a lot or been exposed to drastic changes in temperature and humidity, you may want to simply reset it to the default action. The specific default action depends on the type of guitar you have and the size of its neck. However, you can use general default measurements simply to determine whether your action is too high or too low:\\nFor electric guitars, the default action is typically ⁄64 in (0.24 cm) on the bass side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the treble side.\\nFor acoustic guitars, the default action is typically ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the bass side and ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the treble side.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Setting Action at the Nut\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Bring your guitar up to pitch if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"If you've been adjusting the neck relief of your guitar, you may need to retune your guitar before you test the action at the nut. If your strings aren't at the correct tension your measurement will be off.\\nYou may not want to adjust the action at the nut at all if you frequently use alternate tunings or switch to different gauge strings. It will only make it difficult for your strings to sit right and you may have trouble keeping your guitar in tune.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check the height of the 6th string at the first fret.\", \"描述\": \"Place a feeler gauge on top of the first fret, between the string and the fret. Start with the smallest feeler gauge and move up to the next largest. Keep going until you feel the string move to accommodate the feeler gauge.\\nThe largest feeler gauge that will fit between the string and the first fret is the distance between the string and the top of the fret. This will give you an idea of how much the nut needs to be filed down (if at all).\\nYou can also measure with a gauge height ruler. The standard measurement at the 1st fret is 0.30 in (0.76 cm).\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Loosen the tension on the string and place it to the side of the nut.\", \"描述\": \"Detune the 6th string until you can gently slip it through the notch and rest it on the side. Be careful not to rip them out because you can cause the edge of the nut to snap off.\\nYou can also rest the loosened string lightly on the top of the nut. However, don't try this until you have some practice as it can damage the nut.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"File the nut at an angle.\", \"描述\": \"Using the nut file for the 6th string, file the nut notch towards the headstock at the same angle as the headstock. Be careful not to file it flat. File a very small amount at a time, then replace your string and check the action. Repeat as necessary until you have the action you want.\\nYou may want to place a piece of plastic on the headstock between the tuners to protect it. Otherwise, you may accidentally file into the headstock.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Repeat the process with each of the other strings.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've got the correct action at the nut for the 6th string, move to the 5th string and measure the action. File if necessary, then move on to the 4th string, and so on.\\nFor middle strings, make sure the strings are loose enough that they aren't resting directly on the nut.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adjusting Action at the Bridge\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Change the bridge height of a Gibson-style bridge in 2 places.\", \"描述\": \"Gibson-style bridges have a screw on either side that you can use to adjust the bridge height. Turn the screw to the left to raise the bridge or to the right to lower the bridge. Retune your guitar and measure the action. The following are default Gibson action specifications:\\n\\nElectric: ⁄64 in (0.24 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side\\nAcoustic: ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the high side\\nBass: ⁄64 in (0.28 cm) on the low side, ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the high side\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set the action for each string individually if you have a Fender-style bridge.\", \"描述\": \"You have a little more control with a Fender-style bridge because you can adjust the action for each string rather than having to change the height of the whole bridge. Simply use the correct screwdriver to turn the screw at the bottom of the string and raise or lower the height of that string's saddle. Turn left to raise (increasing action) or right to lower (decreasing action). Once you're done, retune the string and check your measurement. Fender default action specifications are as follows:\\nFor a neck radius of 7.25 in (18.4 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.20 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side.\\nFor a neck radius of 9.5 to 12 in (24 to 30 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the high side.\\nFor a neck radius of 15 to 17 in (38 to 43 cm), string height should be ⁄64 in (0.16 cm) on the low side and ⁄64 in (0.12 cm) on the high side.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the strings from the bridge on an acoustic guitar.\", \"描述\": \"If you have an acoustic guitar, you can't adjust the action at the bridge quite as easily as you can with an electric guitar. Because you'll need to sand down or add a shim to the bridge itself, you must first carefully remove the strings from the bridge so you can pull the saddle out of the bridge slot.\\nUse your string winder to loosen your strings until they're floppy. You may not need to remove them entirely, which can save you some time. However, you do need to loosen them enough that you can remove them from the bridge.\\nIf your bridge is wedged pretty tight, you may need to use pliers to get it out. Take care not to scratch your guitar or damage the bridge or saddle.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Sand down your saddle or add a shim.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to lower your action, use sandpaper to slowly and carefully sand down the saddle. If you want to raise your action, you'll need to glue a shim to the saddle (or buy a higher saddle).\\nWhen sanding, be careful to keep it completely even. An uneven saddle will ruin the tone of your instrument.\\nDo a little at a time, then replace your strings, bring your guitar back up to pitch, and check the action again. Be prepared to repeat this action several times, especially if you don't have much practice.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check your action and readjust as necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Whether you have an acoustic or electric guitar, you may have to repeat the process of adjusting the action a few times before you get it right. Make sure your guitar is tuned to pitch and measure the action at the 12th fret as you initially did. If you've not yet hit your target, repeat the process of adjusting the action and try again.\\nMore than a specific measurement, pay attention to how the guitar plays and sounds. If you're getting a lot of fret buzz when you play your guitar, you've got your action too low. If it's not comfortable to play or you're having trouble fretting strings, you may have it set too high. Play around until you find what works best for you.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you use alternate tunings that change the tension of your strings, you may have to adjust the action when you switch it back to standard tuning.\\n\", \"Tools can be purchased online or at brick-and-mortar guitar shops.\\n\", \"The feel and playability of a guitar have nothing to do with how expensive it is. If you pick up a nice guitar and find it difficult to play, it likely isn't set up correctly for you.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Adjusting the action on your guitar is a task suitable for more experienced guitar players who can also do minor guitar repairs. If you don't have any experience working on guitars, you're probably better off taking your guitar to an experienced luthier who can help you set it up.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,438
How to Adjust the Brightness of a Photo Using the iPhone Photos App
1. Steps 1-1. Open your iPhone's Photos app. The Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon on your Home screen. 1-2. Tap on the photo you want to edit. This will open the photo in full-screen mode. You can open and edit any image from your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, or from an Album. If the Photos app opens up to an image in full-screen mode, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your photos. 1-3. Tap the Edit button. This button looks like three horizontal slider lines next to the Trash icon at the bottom of your screen. It will open your photo in editing mode. 1-4. Tap the dial knob button. This button is located next to the yellow button in the lower-right corner of the editing screen. It will bring up an editing menu with three options including , , and . If you've previously edited this image, you will see a red button next to the dial knob instead of the Done button. You can use the Revert button to remove all your previous edits and revert the image to its original. 1-5. Tap the downward-facing arrow icon next to Light. This will expand a sub-menu of editing options. 1-6. Tap Brightness on the Light menu. The Brightness editing slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen. 1-7. Swipe left on your screen to increase Brightness level. This will increase the brightness of all shadows and highlights in your image. Your photo will look brighter overall. 1-8. Swipe right on your screen to decrease Brightness level. This will decrease your image's brightness in all shadows and highlights. Your photo will look darker and dimmer than it originally was. 1-9. Tap Done. This is the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will save all the edits you've made to this image.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Open your iPhone's Photos app.\\nThe Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon on your Home screen.\\n1-2. Tap on the photo you want to edit.\\nThis will open the photo in full-screen mode. You can open and edit any image from your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, or from an Album.\\nIf the Photos app opens up to an image in full-screen mode, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your photos.\\n1-3. Tap the Edit button.\\nThis button looks like three horizontal slider lines next to the Trash icon at the bottom of your screen. It will open your photo in editing mode.\\n1-4. Tap the dial knob button.\\nThis button is located next to the yellow button in the lower-right corner of the editing screen. It will bring up an editing menu with three options including , , and .\\nIf you've previously edited this image, you will see a red button next to the dial knob instead of the Done button. You can use the Revert button to remove all your previous edits and revert the image to its original.\\n1-5. Tap the downward-facing arrow icon next to Light.\\nThis will expand a sub-menu of editing options.\\n1-6. Tap Brightness on the Light menu.\\nThe Brightness editing slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen.\\n1-7. Swipe left on your screen to increase Brightness level.\\nThis will increase the brightness of all shadows and highlights in your image. Your photo will look brighter overall.\\n1-8. Swipe right on your screen to decrease Brightness level.\\nThis will decrease your image's brightness in all shadows and highlights. Your photo will look darker and dimmer than it originally was.\\n1-9. Tap Done.\\nThis is the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will save all the edits you've made to this image.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to make an image look brighter or darker, using the editing mode in your iPhone's Photos app.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your iPhone's Photos app.\", \"描述\": \"The Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon on your Home screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap on the photo you want to edit.\", \"描述\": \"This will open the photo in full-screen mode. You can open and edit any image from your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, or from an Album.\\nIf the Photos app opens up to an image in full-screen mode, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your photos.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap the Edit button.\", \"描述\": \"This button looks like three horizontal slider lines next to the Trash icon at the bottom of your screen. It will open your photo in editing mode.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tap the dial knob button.\", \"描述\": \"This button is located next to the yellow button in the lower-right corner of the editing screen. It will bring up an editing menu with three options including , , and .\\nIf you've previously edited this image, you will see a red button next to the dial knob instead of the Done button. You can use the Revert button to remove all your previous edits and revert the image to its original.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tap the downward-facing arrow icon next to Light.\", \"描述\": \"This will expand a sub-menu of editing options.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tap Brightness on the Light menu.\", \"描述\": \"The Brightness editing slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Swipe left on your screen to increase Brightness level.\", \"描述\": \"This will increase the brightness of all shadows and highlights in your image. Your photo will look brighter overall.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Swipe right on your screen to decrease Brightness level.\", \"描述\": \"This will decrease your image's brightness in all shadows and highlights. Your photo will look darker and dimmer than it originally was.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Tap Done.\", \"描述\": \"This is the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will save all the edits you've made to this image.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,439
How to Adjust the Brightness on Android
1. Changing the Brightness Level 1-1. Open your Android’s Settings. It’s the {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/6\/68\/Android7settings.png","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/6\/68\/Android7settings.png\/30px-Android7settings.png","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":460,"bigWidth":30,"bigHeight":30,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>I edited this screenshot of an Android icon.\n<\/p><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a><br>\n<\/p><\/div>"} icon typically found on the home screen or in the app drawer. 1-2. Tap Display. It’s usually under the “Personal” or “Device” header. 1-3. Tap Brightness level. A slider will appear near the top of the screen. 1-4. Drag the slider right to increase the brightness. 1-5. Drag the slider left to dim the screen. 2. Using Adaptive Brightness 2-1. Open your Android’s Settings. It’s the {"smallUrl":"https:\/\/www.wikihow.com\/images\/6\/68\/Android7settings.png","bigUrl":"\/images\/thumb\/6\/68\/Android7settings.png\/30px-Android7settings.png","smallWidth":460,"smallHeight":460,"bigWidth":30,"bigHeight":30,"licensing":"<div class=\"mw-parser-output\"><p>I edited this screenshot of an Android icon.\n<\/p><p>License: <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fair_use\">Fair Use<\/a><br>\n<\/p><\/div>"} icon typically found on the home screen or in the app drawer. 2-2. Tap Display. It’s under the “Personal” header. 2-3. Slide the “Adaptive Brightness” slider to the On position. If you don’t see this slider, it might be buried under another menu. For example, on some Androids, you must tap and place a check next to “Automatic brightness.”
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Changing the Brightness Level\\n1-1. Open your Android’s Settings.\\nIt’s the {\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\\/30px-Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":460,\\\"bigWidth\\\":30,\\\"bigHeight\\\":30,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>I edited this screenshot of an Android icon.\\\\n<\\\\/p><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"http:\\\\/\\\\/en.wikipedia.org\\\\/wiki\\\\/Fair_use\\\\\\\">Fair Use<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"} icon typically found on the home screen or in the app drawer.\\n1-2. Tap Display.\\nIt’s usually under the “Personal” or “Device” header.\\n1-3. Tap Brightness level.\\nA slider will appear near the top of the screen.\\n1-4. Drag the slider right to increase the brightness.\\n\\n1-5. Drag the slider left to dim the screen.\\n\\n2. Using Adaptive Brightness\\n2-1. Open your Android’s Settings.\\nIt’s the {\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\\/30px-Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":460,\\\"bigWidth\\\":30,\\\"bigHeight\\\":30,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>I edited this screenshot of an Android icon.\\\\n<\\\\/p><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"http:\\\\/\\\\/en.wikipedia.org\\\\/wiki\\\\/Fair_use\\\\\\\">Fair Use<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"} icon typically found on the home screen or in the app drawer.\\n2-2. Tap Display.\\nIt’s under the “Personal” header.\\n2-3. Slide the “Adaptive Brightness” slider to the On position.\\nIf you don’t see this slider, it might be buried under another menu. For example, on some Androids, you must tap and place a check next to “Automatic brightness.”\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to brighten or dim your Android’s screen. You can adjust the brightness manually in the Settings app, or set your Android to regulate brightness based on the light around you.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Changing the Brightness Level\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your Android’s Settings.\", \"描述\": \"It’s the {\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\\/30px-Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":460,\\\"bigWidth\\\":30,\\\"bigHeight\\\":30,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>I edited this screenshot of an Android icon.\\\\n<\\\\/p><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"http:\\\\/\\\\/en.wikipedia.org\\\\/wiki\\\\/Fair_use\\\\\\\">Fair Use<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"} icon typically found on the home screen or in the app drawer.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap Display.\", \"描述\": \"It’s usually under the “Personal” or “Device” header.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap Brightness level.\", \"描述\": \"A slider will appear near the top of the screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Drag the slider right to increase the brightness.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Drag the slider left to dim the screen.\", \"描述\": \"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Adaptive Brightness\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your Android’s Settings.\", \"描述\": \"It’s the {\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/6\\\\/68\\\\/Android7settings.png\\\\/30px-Android7settings.png\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":460,\\\"bigWidth\\\":30,\\\"bigHeight\\\":30,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>I edited this screenshot of an Android icon.\\\\n<\\\\/p><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"http:\\\\/\\\\/en.wikipedia.org\\\\/wiki\\\\/Fair_use\\\\\\\">Fair Use<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"} icon typically found on the home screen or in the app drawer.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap Display.\", \"描述\": \"It’s under the “Personal” header.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Slide the “Adaptive Brightness” slider to the On position.\", \"描述\": \"If you don’t see this slider, it might be buried under another menu. For example, on some Androids, you must tap and place a check next to “Automatic brightness.”\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,440
How to Adjust the Brightness on Samsung Galaxy
1. Using the Notification Panel 1-1. Swipe down from the top of the home screen. This opens the notification panel. 1-2. Locate the brightness slider. If you see a slider with a sun icon to its left, skip to the next step. If not, swipe down again from the top of the screen to bring it up. 1-3. Drag the slider left to dim the screen. The screen will grow more dim in real time. 1-4. Drag the slider right to increase brightness. Again, the screen will brighten in real time. If you set the brightness too high, you may see a message that says bright screens may cause eye screen. If you’re okay with this, tap . 2. Using the Settings App 2-1. Swipe down from the top of the home screen. This opens the notification panel. 2-2. Tap . It’s at the top-right corner of the notifications panel. This opens the Settings app. 2-3. Tap Display. You’ll see a “Brightness” slider near the top of the resulting page. 2-4. Drag the slider left to dim the screen. The screen will grow more dim in real time. 2-5. Drag the slider right to increase brightness. Again, the screen will brighten in real time. If you set the brightness too high, you may see a message that says bright screens may cause eye screen. If you’re okay with this, tap .
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Using the Notification Panel\\n1-1. Swipe down from the top of the home screen.\\nThis opens the notification panel.\\n1-2. Locate the brightness slider.\\nIf you see a slider with a sun icon to its left, skip to the next step. If not, swipe down again from the top of the screen to bring it up.\\n1-3. Drag the slider left to dim the screen.\\nThe screen will grow more dim in real time.\\n1-4. Drag the slider right to increase brightness.\\nAgain, the screen will brighten in real time.\\nIf you set the brightness too high, you may see a message that says bright screens may cause eye screen. If you’re okay with this, tap .\\n2. Using the Settings App\\n2-1. Swipe down from the top of the home screen.\\nThis opens the notification panel.\\n2-2. Tap .\\nIt’s at the top-right corner of the notifications panel. This opens the Settings app.\\n2-3. Tap Display.\\nYou’ll see a “Brightness” slider near the top of the resulting page.\\n2-4. Drag the slider left to dim the screen.\\nThe screen will grow more dim in real time.\\n2-5. Drag the slider right to increase brightness.\\nAgain, the screen will brighten in real time.\\nIf you set the brightness too high, you may see a message that says bright screens may cause eye screen. If you’re okay with this, tap .\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to brighten or dim the screen on a Samsung Galaxy.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Using the Notification Panel\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Swipe down from the top of the home screen.\", \"描述\": \"This opens the notification panel.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Locate the brightness slider.\", \"描述\": \"If you see a slider with a sun icon to its left, skip to the next step. If not, swipe down again from the top of the screen to bring it up.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Drag the slider left to dim the screen.\", \"描述\": \"The screen will grow more dim in real time.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Drag the slider right to increase brightness.\", \"描述\": \"Again, the screen will brighten in real time.\\nIf you set the brightness too high, you may see a message that says bright screens may cause eye screen. If you’re okay with this, tap .\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using the Settings App\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Swipe down from the top of the home screen.\", \"描述\": \"This opens the notification panel.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap .\", \"描述\": \"It’s at the top-right corner of the notifications panel. This opens the Settings app.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap Display.\", \"描述\": \"You’ll see a “Brightness” slider near the top of the resulting page.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Drag the slider left to dim the screen.\", \"描述\": \"The screen will grow more dim in real time.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Drag the slider right to increase brightness.\", \"描述\": \"Again, the screen will brighten in real time.\\nIf you set the brightness too high, you may see a message that says bright screens may cause eye screen. If you’re okay with this, tap .\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,441
How to Adjust the Brightness on a Fitbit Versa
1. Steps 1-1. Open Settings. This gear icon is located in either the top left corner of your screen if your Fitbit is cycling through exercises or in the top left corner when you press the large button on the left side of Fitbit's face. You may have to swipe left to navigate through apps. 1-2. Tap Brightness. This is the first listing in the menu. 1-3. Choose a brightness setting. If you want the ambient sensor to detect the lighting around you and change your screen brightness accordingly, select You can also choose to set the display brightness to , , and . Tips If the Auto-Dimming feature is not working properly, you may have a scratch, smudge, or dust on the sensor that is preventing it from taking an accurate reading of the light around you. If you're unable to remove the smudge or dust on your own, you may need to consider getting a new Fitbit, disabling the Auto-Dim feature, or taking it to a professional repair shop. Also make sure any screen protectors or cases are not getting in the way of the ambient sensor.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Open Settings.\\nThis gear icon is located in either the top left corner of your screen if your Fitbit is cycling through exercises or in the top left corner when you press the large button on the left side of Fitbit's face. You may have to swipe left to navigate through apps.\\n1-2. Tap Brightness.\\nThis is the first listing in the menu.\\n1-3. Choose a brightness setting.\\nIf you want the ambient sensor to detect the lighting around you and change your screen brightness accordingly, select You can also choose to set the display brightness to , , and .\\nTips\\nIf the Auto-Dimming feature is not working properly, you may have a scratch, smudge, or dust on the sensor that is preventing it from taking an accurate reading of the light around you. If you're unable to remove the smudge or dust on your own, you may need to consider getting a new Fitbit, disabling the Auto-Dim feature, or taking it to a professional repair shop.\\nAlso make sure any screen protectors or cases are not getting in the way of the ambient sensor.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If the display on your Fitbit Versa is too light or dark, you can adjust the brightness in your settings. This wikiHow will show you how to increase or decrease the brightness level on your Fitbit Versa.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Settings.\", \"描述\": \"This gear icon is located in either the top left corner of your screen if your Fitbit is cycling through exercises or in the top left corner when you press the large button on the left side of Fitbit's face. You may have to swipe left to navigate through apps.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap Brightness.\", \"描述\": \"This is the first listing in the menu.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Choose a brightness setting.\", \"描述\": \"If you want the ambient sensor to detect the lighting around you and change your screen brightness accordingly, select You can also choose to set the display brightness to , , and .\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If the Auto-Dimming feature is not working properly, you may have a scratch, smudge, or dust on the sensor that is preventing it from taking an accurate reading of the light around you. If you're unable to remove the smudge or dust on your own, you may need to consider getting a new Fitbit, disabling the Auto-Dim feature, or taking it to a professional repair shop.\\n\", \"Also make sure any screen protectors or cases are not getting in the way of the ambient sensor.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,442
How to Adjust the Color Cast of a Photo Using the iPhone Photos App
1. Steps 1-1. Open your iPhone’s Photos app. The Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon on your Home screen. Here you can browse all your images including your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, and other albums. 1-2. Tap on the photo you want to edit. This will open the photo in full-screen. You can open and edit any image from your Moments, Camera Roll or a different album. If the Photos app opens up to a single photo in full-screen, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your photos. 1-3. Tap the Edit button. This button looks like three horizontal slider lines next to the Trash icon in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will open your photo in editing mode. 1-4. Tap the dial knob icon. This button is located next to the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will show you a menu of three editing options: , , . If you’ve previously made any edits on this image, you will see a red button instead of Done. You can tap this button to remove all previous edits and revert your photo to original. 1-5. Tap the arrow icon next to Color. It will expand a sub-menu of editing options. 1-6. Tap Cast. The Color Cast adjustment slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen. 1-7. Swipe left to add yellow and magenta color. You can swipe on the image, on the slider, or anywhere on your screen. The right-hand side of the Color Cast slider will add a green-yellow filter on your image. As you go further right on the slider, it will also add a pinkish, magenta hue. 1-8. Swipe right to add blue and cyan color. You can swipe anywhere on your screen. The left-hand side of the Color Cast slider will reduce the amount of yellow hues in your image, and replace them with blue. As you go further left on the slider, it will also add a greenish, cyan hue.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:20", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Open your iPhone’s Photos app.\\nThe Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon on your Home screen. Here you can browse all your images including your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, and other albums.\\n1-2. Tap on the photo you want to edit.\\nThis will open the photo in full-screen. You can open and edit any image from your Moments, Camera Roll or a different album.\\nIf the Photos app opens up to a single photo in full-screen, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your photos.\\n1-3. Tap the Edit button.\\nThis button looks like three horizontal slider lines next to the Trash icon in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will open your photo in editing mode.\\n1-4. Tap the dial knob icon.\\nThis button is located next to the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will show you a menu of three editing options: , , .\\nIf you’ve previously made any edits on this image, you will see a red button instead of Done. You can tap this button to remove all previous edits and revert your photo to original.\\n1-5. Tap the arrow icon next to Color.\\nIt will expand a sub-menu of editing options.\\n1-6. Tap Cast.\\nThe Color Cast adjustment slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen.\\n1-7. Swipe left to add yellow and magenta color.\\nYou can swipe on the image, on the slider, or anywhere on your screen. The right-hand side of the Color Cast slider will add a green-yellow filter on your image. As you go further right on the slider, it will also add a pinkish, magenta hue.\\n1-8. Swipe right to add blue and cyan color.\\nYou can swipe anywhere on your screen. The left-hand side of the Color Cast slider will reduce the amount of yellow hues in your image, and replace them with blue. As you go further left on the slider, it will also add a greenish, cyan hue.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to edit the colors of an image in order to add a yellow-and-pink or blue-and-cyan hue, using your iPhone’s Photos app.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your iPhone’s Photos app.\", \"描述\": \"The Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon on your Home screen. Here you can browse all your images including your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, and other albums.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap on the photo you want to edit.\", \"描述\": \"This will open the photo in full-screen. You can open and edit any image from your Moments, Camera Roll or a different album.\\nIf the Photos app opens up to a single photo in full-screen, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your photos.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap the Edit button.\", \"描述\": \"This button looks like three horizontal slider lines next to the Trash icon in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will open your photo in editing mode.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tap the dial knob icon.\", \"描述\": \"This button is located next to the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will show you a menu of three editing options: , , .\\nIf you’ve previously made any edits on this image, you will see a red button instead of Done. You can tap this button to remove all previous edits and revert your photo to original.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tap the arrow icon next to Color.\", \"描述\": \"It will expand a sub-menu of editing options.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tap Cast.\", \"描述\": \"The Color Cast adjustment slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Swipe left to add yellow and magenta color.\", \"描述\": \"You can swipe on the image, on the slider, or anywhere on your screen. The right-hand side of the Color Cast slider will add a green-yellow filter on your image. As you go further right on the slider, it will also add a pinkish, magenta hue.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Swipe right to add blue and cyan color.\", \"描述\": \"You can swipe anywhere on your screen. The left-hand side of the Color Cast slider will reduce the amount of yellow hues in your image, and replace them with blue. As you go further left on the slider, it will also add a greenish, cyan hue.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,443
How to Adjust 3 Kinds of Fill Valves on a Toilet
1. Inspecting and Identifying the Valve 1-1. Check the flush valve or tank for the proper water level height. Look for the water level line on the flush valve, which is the vertical pipe where water flows out if it gets too high. Compare it with the actual water level to see if it’s higher or lower than the line. If the toilet is always running, the water level is too high and you’ll notice it pouring into the flush valve. If there isn’t a water line indicator on the valve and your toilet ran well in the past, check the walls on the inside of the tank for calcium buildup and water stains. These signal where the water normally sits and you can easily compare it to the water level. If you want to mark a fill line on the valve, mark the location where the water should be with electrical tape after drying the spot with a clean towel. 1-2. Check if you have a ballcock, float-cup, or internal fill valve. The fill valve is usually on the left side of the tank next to the toilet flapper. There are 3 main types of fill valves and they all operate and adjust a little differently. If you don’t see a ballcock, you have a newer fill valve, usually called a tube valve or a floatless valve. Inspect your tank to see what kind of fill valve you have. have a rubber ball on a rod that floats on top of the water. When water fills the tank, the ball raises until it shuts the water off by sliding a cover over the valve. have a cylindrical cup that slides up and down on a pipe. The cup floats on the surface and shuts the valve when the tank is full. have a large plastic top and a cylindrical bottom. The float is inside the vertical cylinder and runs more quietly than other valves. 1-3. Close the water line Check for a valve on the wall connected to the bottom of your toilet tank that supplies water to your toilet. Twist the valve counterclockwise until it won’t turn anymore to close it and shut off the water. Flush your toilet to empty all of the water from your tank so the valve is easier to work with. You don’t need to turn the water off if there’s a screw on top of the fill valve connecting to the float. While the water in the toilet bowl isn’t sanitary, the water inside of your tank is fine. Don’t feel yucky or grossed out getting your hands wet in the tank! 2. Ballcock Fill Valve 2-1. Turn the screw on the fill valve to raise or lower the water level. Follow the tube or metal strip connecting the ballcock to the fill valve to locate the adjustment screw. If the water level is too high, twist the screw counterclockwise with a screwdriver to lower the amount of water needed to trigger the fill valve shutoff. If the water level is too low, tighten the screw by turning it 2-3 times clockwise. Position the bottom of the ballcock so it’s level with the fill line. 2-2. Bend the rod up or down if the ballcock doesn’t have an adjustment screw. On an older model, the ballcock might be permanently attached. Hold onto the middle of the rod with one hand. Carefully bend the ball float up if you want to raise the water level or bend it down if you want to lower the water level in your tank. This works best if the ballcock uses a metal rod. Plastic rods may break or snap instead of bending. 2-3. Turn your water back on and test your tank. Turn the dial on the supply line behind your toilet counterclockwise to open the water back up. Let your tank fill up and watch the ballcock rise. When the ballcock stops moving, check to see if the water is level with the fill line. Make any additional adjustments if the water still isn’t on the line. It may take a couple of tries to get the ballcock adjusted to the correct level. 3. Float-Cup Fill Valve 3-1. Adjust the screw on top of the float cup to raise or lower the water level. Look for the plastic adjustment screw attached to the top of the metal rod and the float cup. If the water level is too high, turn the dial to the clockwise 1-2 rotations. If the water level is too low, turn the dial to the counterclockwise 1-2 rotations. The screw on top of the fill valve might be labeled “tank water” or “tank level” so it’s easy to locate. 3-2. Turn your water back on and check the water level. Turn the dial on your supply line under the tank to turn the water back on. Let the tank fill with water and look to see where the water rests compared to the fill line. 3-3. Flush your toilet and make any further adjustments you need. If the water level didn’t match up to the fill line, just flush your toilet again and turn the screw while your tank is filling up again. Only turn the screw 2–3 rotations at a time and check the water level. Typically, turning the screw about 8 times will raise or lower the water level by ⁄2 inch (1.3 cm). 4. Internal Fill Valve 4-1. Unlock the valve by turning it counterclockwise. Hold onto the upper half of the fill valve and gently turn it. The valve will snap into the unlocked position so you can easily adjust the water level. 4-2. Move the top of the valve up or down to raise or lower the water level. If you need to raise the water level in the tank, pull the top half of the fill valve up. To lower the water level, push the fill valve down. Align the water level on the fill valve with the marked line on the flush valve or toilet tank. When you’re finished, turn the valve clockwise to lock it back into place. 4-3. Turn your water supply back on to fill up your tank. Open the valve behind your toilet by turning it clockwise so water fills the toilet tank again. Check that the surface of the water reaches the marked line and stays below the top opening of the flush valve. 5. Cleaning a Fill Valve 5-1. Remove the fill valve’s cap by twisting or removing the screws. The fill valve cap is the top plastic top of your fill valve. Remove any screws on top of the cap with a screwdriver. If the cap doesn’t have any screws, try pressing down on it and spinning the cap counterclockwise to loosen it. If you have a ball float, disconnect the chain attaching it to the fill valve or unscrew it completely before trying to remove the fill valve cap. 5-2. Flip the cap over and remove the rubber washer. Turn the cap upside-down, and find the rubber washer along the inside rim. Pop it out with your fingernail or pry it out with a flathead screwdriver to completely remove it. The washer in your fill valve helps seal off the water when your toilet isn’t running. Every fill valve is different, but the washer is almost always a different color than the rest of the mechanism. 5-3. Rinse the washer under cool water and rub it clean. The washer collects minerals and grime as you use your toilet, so it may make your fill valve hiss after it builds up. Hold the washer under a faucet of cold water and rotate it to rinse it off completely. Rub both sides of the washer between your fingers to get any unwanted buildup off. If the rubber washer is damaged, replace it with one made by the same manufacturer as the valve since the pieces aren’t universal. 5-4. Put the cap on the fill valve and turn the water on to flush debris. Flip the cap upside-down and place it on top of the hole on top of the fill valve. Turn the valve on the wall clockwise to turn the water supply back on, and let it run for 5-6 seconds. Water will come up through the fill valve and force out any blockages or debris that was stuck inside. Keep the cup over the valve so the water doesn’t spray outside of the tank. 5-5. Shut the water off quickly and reinstall the washer and cap. Twist the water valve’s knob counterclockwise again to shut it off. Put the rubber washer back into your fill valve’s cap and reinstall the cap on top where it used to be. Replace any screws that you had to remove to secure the cap to the valve. Remove any debris that comes out of your fill valve before refilling the tank. 5-6. Turn the water back on and refill your tank. Once your fill valve is reassembled, turn your water back on. Once the water is flowing again, let it refill your tank completely to see if there are still any issues. Flush your toilet one more time to make sure any unwanted noises are gone and that the toilet is filling as it should. If your fill valve is still acting up or making noise, you may need to replace it. Tips If you’re not sure about how to properly fix your fill valve or if your problems continue, contact a plumber to figure out what’s wrong.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:21", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Inspecting and Identifying the Valve\\n1-1. Check the flush valve or tank for the proper water level height.\\nLook for the water level line on the flush valve, which is the vertical pipe where water flows out if it gets too high. Compare it with the actual water level to see if it’s higher or lower than the line. If the toilet is always running, the water level is too high and you’ll notice it pouring into the flush valve.\\nIf there isn’t a water line indicator on the valve and your toilet ran well in the past, check the walls on the inside of the tank for calcium buildup and water stains. These signal where the water normally sits and you can easily compare it to the water level.\\nIf you want to mark a fill line on the valve, mark the location where the water should be with electrical tape after drying the spot with a clean towel.\\n1-2. Check if you have a ballcock, float-cup, or internal fill valve.\\nThe fill valve is usually on the left side of the tank next to the toilet flapper. There are 3 main types of fill valves and they all operate and adjust a little differently. If you don’t see a ballcock, you have a newer fill valve, usually called a tube valve or a floatless valve. Inspect your tank to see what kind of fill valve you have.\\n\\n have a rubber ball on a rod that floats on top of the water. When water fills the tank, the ball raises until it shuts the water off by sliding a cover over the valve.\\n have a cylindrical cup that slides up and down on a pipe. The cup floats on the surface and shuts the valve when the tank is full.\\n have a large plastic top and a cylindrical bottom. The float is inside the vertical cylinder and runs more quietly than other valves.\\n1-3. Close the water line\\nCheck for a valve on the wall connected to the bottom of your toilet tank that supplies water to your toilet. Twist the valve counterclockwise until it won’t turn anymore to close it and shut off the water. Flush your toilet to empty all of the water from your tank so the valve is easier to work with.\\nYou don’t need to turn the water off if there’s a screw on top of the fill valve connecting to the float.\\nWhile the water in the toilet bowl isn’t sanitary, the water inside of your tank is fine. Don’t feel yucky or grossed out getting your hands wet in the tank!\\n2. Ballcock Fill Valve\\n2-1. Turn the screw on the fill valve to raise or lower the water level.\\nFollow the tube or metal strip connecting the ballcock to the fill valve to locate the adjustment screw. If the water level is too high, twist the screw counterclockwise with a screwdriver to lower the amount of water needed to trigger the fill valve shutoff. If the water level is too low, tighten the screw by turning it 2-3 times clockwise.\\nPosition the bottom of the ballcock so it’s level with the fill line.\\n2-2. Bend the rod up or down if the ballcock doesn’t have an adjustment screw.\\nOn an older model, the ballcock might be permanently attached. Hold onto the middle of the rod with one hand. Carefully bend the ball float up if you want to raise the water level or bend it down if you want to lower the water level in your tank.\\nThis works best if the ballcock uses a metal rod. Plastic rods may break or snap instead of bending.\\n2-3. Turn your water back on and test your tank.\\nTurn the dial on the supply line behind your toilet counterclockwise to open the water back up. Let your tank fill up and watch the ballcock rise. When the ballcock stops moving, check to see if the water is level with the fill line. Make any additional adjustments if the water still isn’t on the line.\\nIt may take a couple of tries to get the ballcock adjusted to the correct level.\\n3. Float-Cup Fill Valve\\n3-1. Adjust the screw on top of the float cup to raise or lower the water level.\\nLook for the plastic adjustment screw attached to the top of the metal rod and the float cup. If the water level is too high, turn the dial to the clockwise 1-2 rotations. If the water level is too low, turn the dial to the counterclockwise 1-2 rotations.\\nThe screw on top of the fill valve might be labeled “tank water” or “tank level” so it’s easy to locate.\\n3-2. Turn your water back on and check the water level.\\nTurn the dial on your supply line under the tank to turn the water back on. Let the tank fill with water and look to see where the water rests compared to the fill line.\\n3-3. Flush your toilet and make any further adjustments you need.\\nIf the water level didn’t match up to the fill line, just flush your toilet again and turn the screw while your tank is filling up again. Only turn the screw 2–3 rotations at a time and check the water level.\\nTypically, turning the screw about 8 times will raise or lower the water level by ⁄2 inch (1.3 cm).\\n4. Internal Fill Valve\\n4-1. Unlock the valve by turning it counterclockwise.\\nHold onto the upper half of the fill valve and gently turn it. The valve will snap into the unlocked position so you can easily adjust the water level.\\n4-2. Move the top of the valve up or down to raise or lower the water level.\\nIf you need to raise the water level in the tank, pull the top half of the fill valve up. To lower the water level, push the fill valve down. Align the water level on the fill valve with the marked line on the flush valve or toilet tank. When you’re finished, turn the valve clockwise to lock it back into place.\\n4-3. Turn your water supply back on to fill up your tank.\\nOpen the valve behind your toilet by turning it clockwise so water fills the toilet tank again. Check that the surface of the water reaches the marked line and stays below the top opening of the flush valve.\\n5. Cleaning a Fill Valve\\n5-1. Remove the fill valve’s cap by twisting or removing the screws.\\nThe fill valve cap is the top plastic top of your fill valve. Remove any screws on top of the cap with a screwdriver. If the cap doesn’t have any screws, try pressing down on it and spinning the cap counterclockwise to loosen it.\\nIf you have a ball float, disconnect the chain attaching it to the fill valve or unscrew it completely before trying to remove the fill valve cap.\\n5-2. Flip the cap over and remove the rubber washer.\\nTurn the cap upside-down, and find the rubber washer along the inside rim. Pop it out with your fingernail or pry it out with a flathead screwdriver to completely remove it.\\nThe washer in your fill valve helps seal off the water when your toilet isn’t running.\\nEvery fill valve is different, but the washer is almost always a different color than the rest of the mechanism.\\n5-3. Rinse the washer under cool water and rub it clean.\\nThe washer collects minerals and grime as you use your toilet, so it may make your fill valve hiss after it builds up. Hold the washer under a faucet of cold water and rotate it to rinse it off completely. Rub both sides of the washer between your fingers to get any unwanted buildup off.\\nIf the rubber washer is damaged, replace it with one made by the same manufacturer as the valve since the pieces aren’t universal.\\n5-4. Put the cap on the fill valve and turn the water on to flush debris.\\nFlip the cap upside-down and place it on top of the hole on top of the fill valve. Turn the valve on the wall clockwise to turn the water supply back on, and let it run for 5-6 seconds. Water will come up through the fill valve and force out any blockages or debris that was stuck inside.\\nKeep the cup over the valve so the water doesn’t spray outside of the tank.\\n5-5. Shut the water off quickly and reinstall the washer and cap.\\nTwist the water valve’s knob counterclockwise again to shut it off. Put the rubber washer back into your fill valve’s cap and reinstall the cap on top where it used to be. Replace any screws that you had to remove to secure the cap to the valve.\\nRemove any debris that comes out of your fill valve before refilling the tank.\\n5-6. Turn the water back on and refill your tank.\\nOnce your fill valve is reassembled, turn your water back on. Once the water is flowing again, let it refill your tank completely to see if there are still any issues. Flush your toilet one more time to make sure any unwanted noises are gone and that the toilet is filling as it should.\\nIf your fill valve is still acting up or making noise, you may need to replace it.\\nTips\\nIf you’re not sure about how to properly fix your fill valve or if your problems continue, contact a plumber to figure out what’s wrong.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If your toilet doesn’t have as much flushing power or if you hear a hiss as the tank refills, then your fill valve might be to blame. The fill valve, or inlet valve, connects to your water supply and controls how much water goes into your toilet. Luckily, there are easy adjustments that you can make to fix your toilet when it’s not filling up properly. Keep reading to learn how to raise or lower the water level for the 3 most common types of valves, and how you can clean them so they run smoothly.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Inspecting and Identifying the Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check the flush valve or tank for the proper water level height.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the water level line on the flush valve, which is the vertical pipe where water flows out if it gets too high. Compare it with the actual water level to see if it’s higher or lower than the line. If the toilet is always running, the water level is too high and you’ll notice it pouring into the flush valve.\\nIf there isn’t a water line indicator on the valve and your toilet ran well in the past, check the walls on the inside of the tank for calcium buildup and water stains. These signal where the water normally sits and you can easily compare it to the water level.\\nIf you want to mark a fill line on the valve, mark the location where the water should be with electrical tape after drying the spot with a clean towel.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check if you have a ballcock, float-cup, or internal fill valve.\", \"描述\": \"The fill valve is usually on the left side of the tank next to the toilet flapper. There are 3 main types of fill valves and they all operate and adjust a little differently. If you don’t see a ballcock, you have a newer fill valve, usually called a tube valve or a floatless valve. Inspect your tank to see what kind of fill valve you have.\\n\\n have a rubber ball on a rod that floats on top of the water. When water fills the tank, the ball raises until it shuts the water off by sliding a cover over the valve.\\n have a cylindrical cup that slides up and down on a pipe. The cup floats on the surface and shuts the valve when the tank is full.\\n have a large plastic top and a cylindrical bottom. The float is inside the vertical cylinder and runs more quietly than other valves.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Close the water line\", \"描述\": \"Check for a valve on the wall connected to the bottom of your toilet tank that supplies water to your toilet. Twist the valve counterclockwise until it won’t turn anymore to close it and shut off the water. Flush your toilet to empty all of the water from your tank so the valve is easier to work with.\\nYou don’t need to turn the water off if there’s a screw on top of the fill valve connecting to the float.\\nWhile the water in the toilet bowl isn’t sanitary, the water inside of your tank is fine. Don’t feel yucky or grossed out getting your hands wet in the tank!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ballcock Fill Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the screw on the fill valve to raise or lower the water level.\", \"描述\": \"Follow the tube or metal strip connecting the ballcock to the fill valve to locate the adjustment screw. If the water level is too high, twist the screw counterclockwise with a screwdriver to lower the amount of water needed to trigger the fill valve shutoff. If the water level is too low, tighten the screw by turning it 2-3 times clockwise.\\nPosition the bottom of the ballcock so it’s level with the fill line.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Bend the rod up or down if the ballcock doesn’t have an adjustment screw.\", \"描述\": \"On an older model, the ballcock might be permanently attached. Hold onto the middle of the rod with one hand. Carefully bend the ball float up if you want to raise the water level or bend it down if you want to lower the water level in your tank.\\nThis works best if the ballcock uses a metal rod. Plastic rods may break or snap instead of bending.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn your water back on and test your tank.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the dial on the supply line behind your toilet counterclockwise to open the water back up. Let your tank fill up and watch the ballcock rise. When the ballcock stops moving, check to see if the water is level with the fill line. Make any additional adjustments if the water still isn’t on the line.\\nIt may take a couple of tries to get the ballcock adjusted to the correct level.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Float-Cup Fill Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjust the screw on top of the float cup to raise or lower the water level.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the plastic adjustment screw attached to the top of the metal rod and the float cup. If the water level is too high, turn the dial to the clockwise 1-2 rotations. If the water level is too low, turn the dial to the counterclockwise 1-2 rotations.\\nThe screw on top of the fill valve might be labeled “tank water” or “tank level” so it’s easy to locate.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn your water back on and check the water level.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the dial on your supply line under the tank to turn the water back on. Let the tank fill with water and look to see where the water rests compared to the fill line.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Flush your toilet and make any further adjustments you need.\", \"描述\": \"If the water level didn’t match up to the fill line, just flush your toilet again and turn the screw while your tank is filling up again. Only turn the screw 2–3 rotations at a time and check the water level.\\nTypically, turning the screw about 8 times will raise or lower the water level by ⁄2 inch (1.3 cm).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Internal Fill Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unlock the valve by turning it counterclockwise.\", \"描述\": \"Hold onto the upper half of the fill valve and gently turn it. The valve will snap into the unlocked position so you can easily adjust the water level.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Move the top of the valve up or down to raise or lower the water level.\", \"描述\": \"If you need to raise the water level in the tank, pull the top half of the fill valve up. To lower the water level, push the fill valve down. Align the water level on the fill valve with the marked line on the flush valve or toilet tank. When you’re finished, turn the valve clockwise to lock it back into place.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn your water supply back on to fill up your tank.\", \"描述\": \"Open the valve behind your toilet by turning it clockwise so water fills the toilet tank again. Check that the surface of the water reaches the marked line and stays below the top opening of the flush valve.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Cleaning a Fill Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the fill valve’s cap by twisting or removing the screws.\", \"描述\": \"The fill valve cap is the top plastic top of your fill valve. Remove any screws on top of the cap with a screwdriver. If the cap doesn’t have any screws, try pressing down on it and spinning the cap counterclockwise to loosen it.\\nIf you have a ball float, disconnect the chain attaching it to the fill valve or unscrew it completely before trying to remove the fill valve cap.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Flip the cap over and remove the rubber washer.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the cap upside-down, and find the rubber washer along the inside rim. Pop it out with your fingernail or pry it out with a flathead screwdriver to completely remove it.\\nThe washer in your fill valve helps seal off the water when your toilet isn’t running.\\nEvery fill valve is different, but the washer is almost always a different color than the rest of the mechanism.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rinse the washer under cool water and rub it clean.\", \"描述\": \"The washer collects minerals and grime as you use your toilet, so it may make your fill valve hiss after it builds up. Hold the washer under a faucet of cold water and rotate it to rinse it off completely. Rub both sides of the washer between your fingers to get any unwanted buildup off.\\nIf the rubber washer is damaged, replace it with one made by the same manufacturer as the valve since the pieces aren’t universal.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Put the cap on the fill valve and turn the water on to flush debris.\", \"描述\": \"Flip the cap upside-down and place it on top of the hole on top of the fill valve. Turn the valve on the wall clockwise to turn the water supply back on, and let it run for 5-6 seconds. Water will come up through the fill valve and force out any blockages or debris that was stuck inside.\\nKeep the cup over the valve so the water doesn’t spray outside of the tank.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Shut the water off quickly and reinstall the washer and cap.\", \"描述\": \"Twist the water valve’s knob counterclockwise again to shut it off. Put the rubber washer back into your fill valve’s cap and reinstall the cap on top where it used to be. Replace any screws that you had to remove to secure the cap to the valve.\\nRemove any debris that comes out of your fill valve before refilling the tank.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Turn the water back on and refill your tank.\", \"描述\": \"Once your fill valve is reassembled, turn your water back on. Once the water is flowing again, let it refill your tank completely to see if there are still any issues. Flush your toilet one more time to make sure any unwanted noises are gone and that the toilet is filling as it should.\\nIf your fill valve is still acting up or making noise, you may need to replace it.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you’re not sure about how to properly fix your fill valve or if your problems continue, contact a plumber to figure out what’s wrong.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
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How to Adjust the Flippers on a Pinball Machine
1. Accessing the Flipper Switches 1-1. Turn the pinball machine off and unplug it to stay safe. Flip the power switch to the off position. This switch is usually located under the machine on the right or left side, but it may be on the back panel depending on your model. Then, unplug the machine from the wall outlet. This will keep you safe while you work on the machine. Adjusting the flippers involves messing around with some electrical components, and you may shock yourself or damage the machine if you skip this part! You always adjust the flippers from underneath the playfield, which is where all of the circuits and game pieces are installed. Think of this process kind of like opening the hood of a vehicle. You cannot adjust or modify the flippers without accessing the underside of the playfield. 1-2. Open the coin door or front panel to access the release lever. Use the key that came with your pinball machine to open the coin door on the front panel. If you have a non-commercial pinball machine and there’s no coin door, open the front panel based on your machine’s instructions. Usually, you simply open a latch and swing the front panel open like a door. The release lever locks the glass molding in place. The molding is the horizontal bar that blocks the edge of the glass and keeps it from sliding off the playfield. The release lever is always inside of the front panel or coin door. 1-3. Turn the release lever to the left to unlock the glass molding. With the front panel or coin door open, look for a lever that’s sticking down from the top of the machine on the right side. Grab this lever and swing it from the right to the left to unlock the molding and glass. Once the front panel is open, the lever should stand out fairly easily. It’ll be the only thing poking down from the front of the machine. The glass molding is the (usually plastic) strip that covers the edge where the glass meets the frame of the machine. 1-4. Brace the glass with one hand and remove the glass molding. Keep one hand near the edge of the playfield to catch the glass and use your other hand to lift the glass molding off of the machine. Once the molding is removed, nothing is holding the glass in place and it may slide out to the ground if you don’t catch it. The playfield glass normally doesn’t shoot out particularly quickly, so don’t be nervous about breaking the glass. So long as you stop it from sliding out all the way, you’ll be fine. 1-5. Slide the glass out carefully and set it aside. With the molding removed, use both hands to slowly guide the playfield glass out of the machine. This is extremely easy to do and the glass should slide freely, so just monitor the speed of the glass as its sliding out. Remove the glass and set it down on a soft surface away from your machine to keep it from scratching or breaking. If the glass doesn’t slide out on its own, just pull the end of the glass gently to guide it out of the machine. 1-6. Lift the playfield up by the apron and pull it out until it clicks. The apron is the raised portion of the playfield that covers the ball return under your flippers. Grip the edge of the apron and pull the machine up vertically to raise the bottom of the playfield. Then, pull the playfield away from the machine until you hear a clicking noise. The playfield may be kind of heavy, so hold it with both hands to guide it. Most play fields won’t fall if you drop them, but the older models may fall if you let go so keep one hand on the playfield at all times just to be safe. Some machines don’t click when you pull the playfield out all the way. If you don’t hear a clicking noise, just stop whenever you can’t pull the playfield out any further. 1-7. Raise the playfield up and rest it on the adjustable bar on the side of the machine. Push the playfield up so the apron is at eye level or slightly above your head. Look on the inside frame of your pinball machine for a long metal rod that’s resting flat inside the machine, usually on one of the sides. Lift this metal rod up with one hand so it’s sticking up and lower your playfield until the metal rod is resting on an open portion of the playfield to prop the underside of the playfield up. If you’ve ever used a hood prop to keep your hood from falling down while you’re working on your vehicle or checking the oil, this is the exact same process. There may be a noticeable divot on the underside of your playfield. If there is, this is where the metal rod rests. If there isn’t a divot, place the rod on any unoccupied portion of the playfield to balance the machine in an upright position. Some older machines do not have this metal rod. On these machines, simply raise the playfield so it’s resting against the back panel at a roughly 100-degree angle. 1-8. Find the two symmetrical coils near the top to find your flippers. The flipper is a general term for the entire assembly that causes the flipper bat to move. To find the flippers, look at the top of the playfield. Underneath each flipper bat, there are two symmetrical coils with switch assemblies attached to them. These are the components you need to work on to adjust your flipper bats. There are a lot of little working parts here—flippers are fairly complicated and delicate—but try not to get overwhelmed. The most common adjustments you’ll need to make are fairly easy. 1-9. Get the coils replaced if the flippers don’t move at all. The large coil assemblies on top of the EOS switch are the solenoids. If your flippers aren’t moving at all, you probably need to replace these solenoids. This is not a DIY repair, so hire a service technician if the bat doesn’t move when you hit the button on the side of the machine. Replacing the coils involves working with some powerful electrical currents, and these pieces can catch fire if you replace the coils with an incompatible part or you don’t wire them correctly. It’s much safer to hire a professional to do this for you. 1-10. Inspect the EOS switch to get a sense for how the flipper works. Look at the flipper bat on the top of the playfield. The flipper bat runs through a bushing, which is a plastic case, and connects the bat to the switch you see on the underside of the machine. This switch, called an EOS switch (short for “end of stroke”), looks a little like a door hinge, and it rotates when you press the button on the side of the machine. When the bat rotates, the switch strikes a pin that closes a current and causes your flipper bat to rotate. 2. Changing a Flipper Bat’s Position 2-1. Find the pawl by looking for the metal bar that rotates under the coil. The pawl is a metal bar that’s usually the size of your pinkie finger, and it has two nuts on either end of it. A spring connects one of the hex nuts to the coil above it. Move the pawl with your finger to confirm that you’ve found it—the pawl will move freely when you slide it back and forth. This is the piece you need to work on to adjust the angle of the flipper bat. When you press the button on the side of the machine to fire the flipper bat, the pawl spins and pushes a pin into another pin to close an electrical current and fire the flipper bat. 2-2. Loosen the hex nut furthest from the middle of the playfield on the pawl. The hex nut on top of the pawl that’s furthest from the middle of the playfield holds the flipper in place. Grab an Allen wrench that matches the size of this hex nut and turn it 2-3 times counterclockwise while bracing the pawl to keep it in place. This will loosen the flipper bat on the playfield. This can require a fair bit of force and many people spend 20-30 minutes just trying to loosen this nut. Don’t get discouraged if it’s a little hard to do this at first. You’ll get it eventually! Don’t remove this nut entirely. Just loosen it up a little bit. 2-3. Move the flipper bat from the other side by hand to change the angle. Keep the Allen wrench in the hex nut with one hand and use your other hand to reach over to the other side of the playfield and grab the flipper bat. Rotate the flipper bat by hand to change the angle it rests at. On the vast majority of pinball machines, there is a small mark on the playfield that is supposed to line up with the end of the bat. When in doubt, move the flipper to line up with this mark. The mark for the flipper position varies from machine to machine. On some pinball machines, the mark is built into the design of the playfield. On other machines, there is a small arrow or dot that you may not immediately notice. If you can’t find the mark, just move the flipper bat so that it lines up perfectly with the bracket holding it in place. The flipper bat and the bracket holding it (which is usually part of the bumper) are almost always designed to rest in a straight line with one another. 2-4. Lift the bat out a little to leave a small gap between the bushing and bat. Before you tighten the hex nut, lift the flipper bat away from the playfield so it isn’t resting perfectly against the bushing underneath. The size of this gap doesn’t matter so long that a gap exists, so don’t beat yourself up over making this gap perfect. If there isn’t a gap, the flipper bat will rub against the bushing underneath when it fires, which will make the flipper bat feel slow and clunky. There’s a tool called a flipper gauge that you can slide under the flipper to ensure there’s a small gap between the bushing and the flipper bat when you’re tightening it. You can use one of these to do this if you’d like, but the size of the gap doesn’t really matter so long as a gap is there. 2-5. Hold the flipper bat in place and retighten the loose hex nut. Use one hand to hold the flipper bat. Use your other hand to retighten the loose hex nut as tight as you can. Go slowly as you’re retightening the nut to keep the pawl from taking on too much pressure. Tighten the hex nut as hard as you can to secure it. This can be kind of a pain, but you really need this hex nut tight to keep the flipper bat responsive when you play. Once this hex nut is retightened, lower the playfield back into place, put the glass back in, and set the molding on top of the machine. Then, pull the release lever to its original position and you’re done! 3. Improving the Flipper’s Strength 3-1. Move the pawl back and forth manually to see how the switch works. The pawl is the metal bar with two hex nuts on it. It rests under the coil and it’s the part that moves when you press the button on the side of the machine. Use your finger to move this piece up and down to get a sense for how it works. This process is a lot easier if you have a sense for what happens when the pawl rotates. This entire mechanism is collectively known as the EOS switch. On the exterior side of the pawl, look at the leaf switch to see how the two metal pins connect. The moment these pins touch one another is the exact moment your flipper bat would fire if the machine were on. On the interior side of the pawl, follow the metal plunger as it slides into the coil. The plunger is the metal bar that connects to the hex nut on the interior side of the pawl. 3-2. Determine when the leaf switch closes while you move the switch. Look at the two metal pins on the leaf switch to see when they touch as you’re moving the pawl by hand. The exact moment they touch, look at the plunger on the other side of the pawl. You want this plunger to be almost entirely inside of the coil as the pins touch if you’re looking for highly responsive and powerful flipper bat. Here’s how it works. The electrical signal from the solenoid starts when plunger goes into the coil. The current closes at the exact moment when the two metal pins on the leaf switch touch, which fires the bat. If the leaf switch closes right as the plunger completely disappears in the coil, you are getting more bang for your buck in terms of how much energy is moving the bat. This is why it’s called and “end of stroke” switch! You want the two pins on the leaf switch to connect as late as possible. 3-3. Bend the leaf switch’s pins away from the coil so they touch as late as possible. Grab a flathead screwdriver or leaf switch adjustment tool and insert it in between the two metal pins at the top of the leaf switch. Gently tug these pins away from the coil to bend them further away from the pawl. You normally don’t need to make major adjustments; moving the pins 5–15 millimetres (0.20–0.59 in) is more than enough in most cases. When you move one pin, the other pin should move automatically. If they don’t move together, adjust each pin separately, but continue to maintain a small gap between the pins. If you don’t maintain this gap and you turn the machine on, you may damage the switch. This gap must be visible by eye, but it shouldn’t be too big. A leaf switch adjustment tool is a special pinball tool that maintains the gap between the two pins. These tools normally come in a pinball repair kit, but you can use a flathead screwdriver if you don’t have one of these. 3-4. Test the switch again and make additional changes as needed. Slide your screwdriver or leaf adjustment tool out and move the pawl by hand again. Check to see when the pins connect in relation to the plunger on the other side. If you need to move the pins in or out a little further, use your screwdriver or leaf switch tool to make the adjustment. You’re finished when the pins connect at nearly the same time as the plunger disappears inside the coil. The pins must connect at some point if the flippers are going to work. If you reassemble the machine and the flippers don’t fire when you press the button, you need to move the pins closer to the pawl. When you’re done, lower the playfield back inside of the frame, slide the glass back into place, and set the molding on top of the machine before swapping the release lever back into place. Warnings Never use oil or lubricant on your flippers. These components are designed to stay dry and you’re more likely to short the flippers than anything else.[21] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:21", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Accessing the Flipper Switches\\n1-1. Turn the pinball machine off and unplug it to stay safe.\\nFlip the power switch to the off position. This switch is usually located under the machine on the right or left side, but it may be on the back panel depending on your model. Then, unplug the machine from the wall outlet. This will keep you safe while you work on the machine.\\nAdjusting the flippers involves messing around with some electrical components, and you may shock yourself or damage the machine if you skip this part!\\nYou always adjust the flippers from underneath the playfield, which is where all of the circuits and game pieces are installed. Think of this process kind of like opening the hood of a vehicle. You cannot adjust or modify the flippers without accessing the underside of the playfield.\\n1-2. Open the coin door or front panel to access the release lever.\\nUse the key that came with your pinball machine to open the coin door on the front panel. If you have a non-commercial pinball machine and there’s no coin door, open the front panel based on your machine’s instructions. Usually, you simply open a latch and swing the front panel open like a door.\\nThe release lever locks the glass molding in place. The molding is the horizontal bar that blocks the edge of the glass and keeps it from sliding off the playfield. The release lever is always inside of the front panel or coin door.\\n1-3. Turn the release lever to the left to unlock the glass molding.\\nWith the front panel or coin door open, look for a lever that’s sticking down from the top of the machine on the right side. Grab this lever and swing it from the right to the left to unlock the molding and glass.\\nOnce the front panel is open, the lever should stand out fairly easily. It’ll be the only thing poking down from the front of the machine.\\nThe glass molding is the (usually plastic) strip that covers the edge where the glass meets the frame of the machine.\\n1-4. Brace the glass with one hand and remove the glass molding.\\nKeep one hand near the edge of the playfield to catch the glass and use your other hand to lift the glass molding off of the machine. Once the molding is removed, nothing is holding the glass in place and it may slide out to the ground if you don’t catch it. \\nThe playfield glass normally doesn’t shoot out particularly quickly, so don’t be nervous about breaking the glass. So long as you stop it from sliding out all the way, you’ll be fine.\\n1-5. Slide the glass out carefully and set it aside.\\nWith the molding removed, use both hands to slowly guide the playfield glass out of the machine. This is extremely easy to do and the glass should slide freely, so just monitor the speed of the glass as its sliding out. Remove the glass and set it down on a soft surface away from your machine to keep it from scratching or breaking.\\nIf the glass doesn’t slide out on its own, just pull the end of the glass gently to guide it out of the machine.\\n1-6. Lift the playfield up by the apron and pull it out until it clicks.\\nThe apron is the raised portion of the playfield that covers the ball return under your flippers. Grip the edge of the apron and pull the machine up vertically to raise the bottom of the playfield. Then, pull the playfield away from the machine until you hear a clicking noise.\\nThe playfield may be kind of heavy, so hold it with both hands to guide it. Most play fields won’t fall if you drop them, but the older models may fall if you let go so keep one hand on the playfield at all times just to be safe.\\nSome machines don’t click when you pull the playfield out all the way. If you don’t hear a clicking noise, just stop whenever you can’t pull the playfield out any further.\\n1-7. Raise the playfield up and rest it on the adjustable bar on the side of the machine.\\nPush the playfield up so the apron is at eye level or slightly above your head. Look on the inside frame of your pinball machine for a long metal rod that’s resting flat inside the machine, usually on one of the sides. Lift this metal rod up with one hand so it’s sticking up and lower your playfield until the metal rod is resting on an open portion of the playfield to prop the underside of the playfield up.\\nIf you’ve ever used a hood prop to keep your hood from falling down while you’re working on your vehicle or checking the oil, this is the exact same process.\\nThere may be a noticeable divot on the underside of your playfield. If there is, this is where the metal rod rests. If there isn’t a divot, place the rod on any unoccupied portion of the playfield to balance the machine in an upright position.\\nSome older machines do not have this metal rod. On these machines, simply raise the playfield so it’s resting against the back panel at a roughly 100-degree angle.\\n1-8. Find the two symmetrical coils near the top to find your flippers.\\nThe flipper is a general term for the entire assembly that causes the flipper bat to move. To find the flippers, look at the top of the playfield. Underneath each flipper bat, there are two symmetrical coils with switch assemblies attached to them. These are the components you need to work on to adjust your flipper bats.\\nThere are a lot of little working parts here—flippers are fairly complicated and delicate—but try not to get overwhelmed. The most common adjustments you’ll need to make are fairly easy.\\n1-9. Get the coils replaced if the flippers don’t move at all.\\nThe large coil assemblies on top of the EOS switch are the solenoids. If your flippers aren’t moving at all, you probably need to replace these solenoids. This is not a DIY repair, so hire a service technician if the bat doesn’t move when you hit the button on the side of the machine.\\nReplacing the coils involves working with some powerful electrical currents, and these pieces can catch fire if you replace the coils with an incompatible part or you don’t wire them correctly. It’s much safer to hire a professional to do this for you.\\n1-10. Inspect the EOS switch to get a sense for how the flipper works.\\nLook at the flipper bat on the top of the playfield. The flipper bat runs through a bushing, which is a plastic case, and connects the bat to the switch you see on the underside of the machine. This switch, called an EOS switch (short for “end of stroke”), looks a little like a door hinge, and it rotates when you press the button on the side of the machine.\\nWhen the bat rotates, the switch strikes a pin that closes a current and causes your flipper bat to rotate.\\n2. Changing a Flipper Bat’s Position\\n2-1. Find the pawl by looking for the metal bar that rotates under the coil.\\nThe pawl is a metal bar that’s usually the size of your pinkie finger, and it has two nuts on either end of it. A spring connects one of the hex nuts to the coil above it. Move the pawl with your finger to confirm that you’ve found it—the pawl will move freely when you slide it back and forth. This is the piece you need to work on to adjust the angle of the flipper bat.\\nWhen you press the button on the side of the machine to fire the flipper bat, the pawl spins and pushes a pin into another pin to close an electrical current and fire the flipper bat.\\n2-2. Loosen the hex nut furthest from the middle of the playfield on the pawl.\\nThe hex nut on top of the pawl that’s furthest from the middle of the playfield holds the flipper in place. Grab an Allen wrench that matches the size of this hex nut and turn it 2-3 times counterclockwise while bracing the pawl to keep it in place. This will loosen the flipper bat on the playfield.\\nThis can require a fair bit of force and many people spend 20-30 minutes just trying to loosen this nut. Don’t get discouraged if it’s a little hard to do this at first. You’ll get it eventually!\\nDon’t remove this nut entirely. Just loosen it up a little bit.\\n2-3. Move the flipper bat from the other side by hand to change the angle.\\nKeep the Allen wrench in the hex nut with one hand and use your other hand to reach over to the other side of the playfield and grab the flipper bat. Rotate the flipper bat by hand to change the angle it rests at. On the vast majority of pinball machines, there is a small mark on the playfield that is supposed to line up with the end of the bat. When in doubt, move the flipper to line up with this mark.\\nThe mark for the flipper position varies from machine to machine. On some pinball machines, the mark is built into the design of the playfield. On other machines, there is a small arrow or dot that you may not immediately notice.\\nIf you can’t find the mark, just move the flipper bat so that it lines up perfectly with the bracket holding it in place. The flipper bat and the bracket holding it (which is usually part of the bumper) are almost always designed to rest in a straight line with one another.\\n2-4. Lift the bat out a little to leave a small gap between the bushing and bat.\\nBefore you tighten the hex nut, lift the flipper bat away from the playfield so it isn’t resting perfectly against the bushing underneath. The size of this gap doesn’t matter so long that a gap exists, so don’t beat yourself up over making this gap perfect. If there isn’t a gap, the flipper bat will rub against the bushing underneath when it fires, which will make the flipper bat feel slow and clunky.\\nThere’s a tool called a flipper gauge that you can slide under the flipper to ensure there’s a small gap between the bushing and the flipper bat when you’re tightening it. You can use one of these to do this if you’d like, but the size of the gap doesn’t really matter so long as a gap is there.\\n2-5. Hold the flipper bat in place and retighten the loose hex nut.\\nUse one hand to hold the flipper bat. Use your other hand to retighten the loose hex nut as tight as you can. Go slowly as you’re retightening the nut to keep the pawl from taking on too much pressure. Tighten the hex nut as hard as you can to secure it. This can be kind of a pain, but you really need this hex nut tight to keep the flipper bat responsive when you play.\\nOnce this hex nut is retightened, lower the playfield back into place, put the glass back in, and set the molding on top of the machine. Then, pull the release lever to its original position and you’re done!\\n3. Improving the Flipper’s Strength\\n3-1. Move the pawl back and forth manually to see how the switch works.\\nThe pawl is the metal bar with two hex nuts on it. It rests under the coil and it’s the part that moves when you press the button on the side of the machine. Use your finger to move this piece up and down to get a sense for how it works. This process is a lot easier if you have a sense for what happens when the pawl rotates.\\nThis entire mechanism is collectively known as the EOS switch.\\nOn the exterior side of the pawl, look at the leaf switch to see how the two metal pins connect. The moment these pins touch one another is the exact moment your flipper bat would fire if the machine were on.\\nOn the interior side of the pawl, follow the metal plunger as it slides into the coil. The plunger is the metal bar that connects to the hex nut on the interior side of the pawl.\\n3-2. Determine when the leaf switch closes while you move the switch.\\nLook at the two metal pins on the leaf switch to see when they touch as you’re moving the pawl by hand. The exact moment they touch, look at the plunger on the other side of the pawl. You want this plunger to be almost entirely inside of the coil as the pins touch if you’re looking for highly responsive and powerful flipper bat.\\nHere’s how it works. The electrical signal from the solenoid starts when plunger goes into the coil. The current closes at the exact moment when the two metal pins on the leaf switch touch, which fires the bat. If the leaf switch closes right as the plunger completely disappears in the coil, you are getting more bang for your buck in terms of how much energy is moving the bat.\\nThis is why it’s called and “end of stroke” switch! You want the two pins on the leaf switch to connect as late as possible.\\n3-3. Bend the leaf switch’s pins away from the coil so they touch as late as possible.\\nGrab a flathead screwdriver or leaf switch adjustment tool and insert it in between the two metal pins at the top of the leaf switch. Gently tug these pins away from the coil to bend them further away from the pawl. You normally don’t need to make major adjustments; moving the pins 5–15 millimetres (0.20–0.59 in) is more than enough in most cases.\\nWhen you move one pin, the other pin should move automatically. If they don’t move together, adjust each pin separately, but continue to maintain a small gap between the pins. If you don’t maintain this gap and you turn the machine on, you may damage the switch. This gap must be visible by eye, but it shouldn’t be too big.\\nA leaf switch adjustment tool is a special pinball tool that maintains the gap between the two pins. These tools normally come in a pinball repair kit, but you can use a flathead screwdriver if you don’t have one of these.\\n3-4. Test the switch again and make additional changes as needed.\\nSlide your screwdriver or leaf adjustment tool out and move the pawl by hand again. Check to see when the pins connect in relation to the plunger on the other side. If you need to move the pins in or out a little further, use your screwdriver or leaf switch tool to make the adjustment. You’re finished when the pins connect at nearly the same time as the plunger disappears inside the coil.\\nThe pins must connect at some point if the flippers are going to work. If you reassemble the machine and the flippers don’t fire when you press the button, you need to move the pins closer to the pawl.\\nWhen you’re done, lower the playfield back inside of the frame, slide the glass back into place, and set the molding on top of the machine before swapping the release lever back into place.\\nWarnings\\nNever use oil or lubricant on your flippers. These components are designed to stay dry and you’re more likely to short the flippers than anything else.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If your pinball flippers don’t feel right, an exciting game of pinball can quickly turn frustrating. Occasionally, flippers may not feel right if they’re sitting at the wrong angle. Flippers may also not fire hard or fast enough, which can lead to obnoxious, boring gameplay. While the adjustments required to fix these problems may seem fairly complicated, you can usually make these adjustments yourself without hailing a repair technician, which can save you hundreds of dollars! Remember, before you work on a pinball machine, you must unplug your machine to avoid shocking yourself or shorting a component.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Accessing the Flipper Switches\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the pinball machine off and unplug it to stay safe.\", \"描述\": \"Flip the power switch to the off position. This switch is usually located under the machine on the right or left side, but it may be on the back panel depending on your model. Then, unplug the machine from the wall outlet. This will keep you safe while you work on the machine.\\nAdjusting the flippers involves messing around with some electrical components, and you may shock yourself or damage the machine if you skip this part!\\nYou always adjust the flippers from underneath the playfield, which is where all of the circuits and game pieces are installed. Think of this process kind of like opening the hood of a vehicle. You cannot adjust or modify the flippers without accessing the underside of the playfield.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open the coin door or front panel to access the release lever.\", \"描述\": \"Use the key that came with your pinball machine to open the coin door on the front panel. If you have a non-commercial pinball machine and there’s no coin door, open the front panel based on your machine’s instructions. Usually, you simply open a latch and swing the front panel open like a door.\\nThe release lever locks the glass molding in place. The molding is the horizontal bar that blocks the edge of the glass and keeps it from sliding off the playfield. The release lever is always inside of the front panel or coin door.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the release lever to the left to unlock the glass molding.\", \"描述\": \"With the front panel or coin door open, look for a lever that’s sticking down from the top of the machine on the right side. Grab this lever and swing it from the right to the left to unlock the molding and glass.\\nOnce the front panel is open, the lever should stand out fairly easily. It’ll be the only thing poking down from the front of the machine.\\nThe glass molding is the (usually plastic) strip that covers the edge where the glass meets the frame of the machine.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Brace the glass with one hand and remove the glass molding.\", \"描述\": \"Keep one hand near the edge of the playfield to catch the glass and use your other hand to lift the glass molding off of the machine. Once the molding is removed, nothing is holding the glass in place and it may slide out to the ground if you don’t catch it. \\nThe playfield glass normally doesn’t shoot out particularly quickly, so don’t be nervous about breaking the glass. So long as you stop it from sliding out all the way, you’ll be fine.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Slide the glass out carefully and set it aside.\", \"描述\": \"With the molding removed, use both hands to slowly guide the playfield glass out of the machine. This is extremely easy to do and the glass should slide freely, so just monitor the speed of the glass as its sliding out. Remove the glass and set it down on a soft surface away from your machine to keep it from scratching or breaking.\\nIf the glass doesn’t slide out on its own, just pull the end of the glass gently to guide it out of the machine.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Lift the playfield up by the apron and pull it out until it clicks.\", \"描述\": \"The apron is the raised portion of the playfield that covers the ball return under your flippers. Grip the edge of the apron and pull the machine up vertically to raise the bottom of the playfield. Then, pull the playfield away from the machine until you hear a clicking noise.\\nThe playfield may be kind of heavy, so hold it with both hands to guide it. Most play fields won’t fall if you drop them, but the older models may fall if you let go so keep one hand on the playfield at all times just to be safe.\\nSome machines don’t click when you pull the playfield out all the way. If you don’t hear a clicking noise, just stop whenever you can’t pull the playfield out any further.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Raise the playfield up and rest it on the adjustable bar on the side of the machine.\", \"描述\": \"Push the playfield up so the apron is at eye level or slightly above your head. Look on the inside frame of your pinball machine for a long metal rod that’s resting flat inside the machine, usually on one of the sides. Lift this metal rod up with one hand so it’s sticking up and lower your playfield until the metal rod is resting on an open portion of the playfield to prop the underside of the playfield up.\\nIf you’ve ever used a hood prop to keep your hood from falling down while you’re working on your vehicle or checking the oil, this is the exact same process.\\nThere may be a noticeable divot on the underside of your playfield. If there is, this is where the metal rod rests. If there isn’t a divot, place the rod on any unoccupied portion of the playfield to balance the machine in an upright position.\\nSome older machines do not have this metal rod. On these machines, simply raise the playfield so it’s resting against the back panel at a roughly 100-degree angle.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Find the two symmetrical coils near the top to find your flippers.\", \"描述\": \"The flipper is a general term for the entire assembly that causes the flipper bat to move. To find the flippers, look at the top of the playfield. Underneath each flipper bat, there are two symmetrical coils with switch assemblies attached to them. These are the components you need to work on to adjust your flipper bats.\\nThere are a lot of little working parts here—flippers are fairly complicated and delicate—but try not to get overwhelmed. The most common adjustments you’ll need to make are fairly easy.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Get the coils replaced if the flippers don’t move at all.\", \"描述\": \"The large coil assemblies on top of the EOS switch are the solenoids. If your flippers aren’t moving at all, you probably need to replace these solenoids. This is not a DIY repair, so hire a service technician if the bat doesn’t move when you hit the button on the side of the machine.\\nReplacing the coils involves working with some powerful electrical currents, and these pieces can catch fire if you replace the coils with an incompatible part or you don’t wire them correctly. It’s much safer to hire a professional to do this for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Inspect the EOS switch to get a sense for how the flipper works.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the flipper bat on the top of the playfield. The flipper bat runs through a bushing, which is a plastic case, and connects the bat to the switch you see on the underside of the machine. This switch, called an EOS switch (short for “end of stroke”), looks a little like a door hinge, and it rotates when you press the button on the side of the machine.\\nWhen the bat rotates, the switch strikes a pin that closes a current and causes your flipper bat to rotate.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Changing a Flipper Bat’s Position\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the pawl by looking for the metal bar that rotates under the coil.\", \"描述\": \"The pawl is a metal bar that’s usually the size of your pinkie finger, and it has two nuts on either end of it. A spring connects one of the hex nuts to the coil above it. Move the pawl with your finger to confirm that you’ve found it—the pawl will move freely when you slide it back and forth. This is the piece you need to work on to adjust the angle of the flipper bat.\\nWhen you press the button on the side of the machine to fire the flipper bat, the pawl spins and pushes a pin into another pin to close an electrical current and fire the flipper bat.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Loosen the hex nut furthest from the middle of the playfield on the pawl.\", \"描述\": \"The hex nut on top of the pawl that’s furthest from the middle of the playfield holds the flipper in place. Grab an Allen wrench that matches the size of this hex nut and turn it 2-3 times counterclockwise while bracing the pawl to keep it in place. This will loosen the flipper bat on the playfield.\\nThis can require a fair bit of force and many people spend 20-30 minutes just trying to loosen this nut. Don’t get discouraged if it’s a little hard to do this at first. You’ll get it eventually!\\nDon’t remove this nut entirely. Just loosen it up a little bit.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Move the flipper bat from the other side by hand to change the angle.\", \"描述\": \"Keep the Allen wrench in the hex nut with one hand and use your other hand to reach over to the other side of the playfield and grab the flipper bat. Rotate the flipper bat by hand to change the angle it rests at. On the vast majority of pinball machines, there is a small mark on the playfield that is supposed to line up with the end of the bat. When in doubt, move the flipper to line up with this mark.\\nThe mark for the flipper position varies from machine to machine. On some pinball machines, the mark is built into the design of the playfield. On other machines, there is a small arrow or dot that you may not immediately notice.\\nIf you can’t find the mark, just move the flipper bat so that it lines up perfectly with the bracket holding it in place. The flipper bat and the bracket holding it (which is usually part of the bumper) are almost always designed to rest in a straight line with one another.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Lift the bat out a little to leave a small gap between the bushing and bat.\", \"描述\": \"Before you tighten the hex nut, lift the flipper bat away from the playfield so it isn’t resting perfectly against the bushing underneath. The size of this gap doesn’t matter so long that a gap exists, so don’t beat yourself up over making this gap perfect. If there isn’t a gap, the flipper bat will rub against the bushing underneath when it fires, which will make the flipper bat feel slow and clunky.\\nThere’s a tool called a flipper gauge that you can slide under the flipper to ensure there’s a small gap between the bushing and the flipper bat when you’re tightening it. You can use one of these to do this if you’d like, but the size of the gap doesn’t really matter so long as a gap is there.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Hold the flipper bat in place and retighten the loose hex nut.\", \"描述\": \"Use one hand to hold the flipper bat. Use your other hand to retighten the loose hex nut as tight as you can. Go slowly as you’re retightening the nut to keep the pawl from taking on too much pressure. Tighten the hex nut as hard as you can to secure it. This can be kind of a pain, but you really need this hex nut tight to keep the flipper bat responsive when you play.\\nOnce this hex nut is retightened, lower the playfield back into place, put the glass back in, and set the molding on top of the machine. Then, pull the release lever to its original position and you’re done!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Improving the Flipper’s Strength\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Move the pawl back and forth manually to see how the switch works.\", \"描述\": \"The pawl is the metal bar with two hex nuts on it. It rests under the coil and it’s the part that moves when you press the button on the side of the machine. Use your finger to move this piece up and down to get a sense for how it works. This process is a lot easier if you have a sense for what happens when the pawl rotates.\\nThis entire mechanism is collectively known as the EOS switch.\\nOn the exterior side of the pawl, look at the leaf switch to see how the two metal pins connect. The moment these pins touch one another is the exact moment your flipper bat would fire if the machine were on.\\nOn the interior side of the pawl, follow the metal plunger as it slides into the coil. The plunger is the metal bar that connects to the hex nut on the interior side of the pawl.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Determine when the leaf switch closes while you move the switch.\", \"描述\": \"Look at the two metal pins on the leaf switch to see when they touch as you’re moving the pawl by hand. The exact moment they touch, look at the plunger on the other side of the pawl. You want this plunger to be almost entirely inside of the coil as the pins touch if you’re looking for highly responsive and powerful flipper bat.\\nHere’s how it works. The electrical signal from the solenoid starts when plunger goes into the coil. The current closes at the exact moment when the two metal pins on the leaf switch touch, which fires the bat. If the leaf switch closes right as the plunger completely disappears in the coil, you are getting more bang for your buck in terms of how much energy is moving the bat.\\nThis is why it’s called and “end of stroke” switch! You want the two pins on the leaf switch to connect as late as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Bend the leaf switch’s pins away from the coil so they touch as late as possible.\", \"描述\": \"Grab a flathead screwdriver or leaf switch adjustment tool and insert it in between the two metal pins at the top of the leaf switch. Gently tug these pins away from the coil to bend them further away from the pawl. You normally don’t need to make major adjustments; moving the pins 5–15 millimetres (0.20–0.59 in) is more than enough in most cases.\\nWhen you move one pin, the other pin should move automatically. If they don’t move together, adjust each pin separately, but continue to maintain a small gap between the pins. If you don’t maintain this gap and you turn the machine on, you may damage the switch. This gap must be visible by eye, but it shouldn’t be too big.\\nA leaf switch adjustment tool is a special pinball tool that maintains the gap between the two pins. These tools normally come in a pinball repair kit, but you can use a flathead screwdriver if you don’t have one of these.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Test the switch again and make additional changes as needed.\", \"描述\": \"Slide your screwdriver or leaf adjustment tool out and move the pawl by hand again. Check to see when the pins connect in relation to the plunger on the other side. If you need to move the pins in or out a little further, use your screwdriver or leaf switch tool to make the adjustment. You’re finished when the pins connect at nearly the same time as the plunger disappears inside the coil.\\nThe pins must connect at some point if the flippers are going to work. If you reassemble the machine and the flippers don’t fire when you press the button, you need to move the pins closer to the pawl.\\nWhen you’re done, lower the playfield back inside of the frame, slide the glass back into place, and set the molding on top of the machine before swapping the release lever back into place.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Never use oil or lubricant on your flippers. These components are designed to stay dry and you’re more likely to short the flippers than anything else.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,445
How to Adjust the Master Volume in Windows 7
1. Through the Control Panel 1-1. Click the "Start" button or the circle button with the Microsoft logo on it. Usually found on the lower right of your screen. 1-2. Click the "Control Panel" button in the selection on the right. 1-3. Click "Hardware and Sound". 1-4. From the list, click "Adjust system volume" under "Sound". 1-5. Adjust the volume to desired level. 2. Through the Taskbar 2-1. Click the button that looks like a speaker. If you can't find the speaker button, try pressing the triangular button on the left. This will bring up more icons. 2-2. Click the "mixer" button below it. 2-3. Adjust the volume to desired level. Tips The Master volume or the System volume is the main control of volume. Adjusting the slider will affect the loudness of all audio on your computer. If you want to mute the audio, you can press the button under the slider, and vice versa.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:21", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Through the Control Panel\\n1-1. Click the \\\"Start\\\" button or the circle button with the Microsoft logo on it.\\nUsually found on the lower right of your screen.\\n1-2. Click the \\\"Control Panel\\\" button in the selection on the right.\\n\\n1-3. Click \\\"Hardware and Sound\\\".\\n\\n1-4. From the list, click \\\"Adjust system volume\\\" under \\\"Sound\\\".\\n\\n1-5. Adjust the volume to desired level.\\n\\n2. Through the Taskbar\\n2-1. Click the button that looks like a speaker.\\nIf you can't find the speaker button, try pressing the triangular button on the left. This will bring up more icons.\\n2-2. Click the \\\"mixer\\\" button below it.\\n\\n2-3. Adjust the volume to desired level.\\n\\nTips\\nThe Master volume or the System volume is the main control of volume. Adjusting the slider will affect the loudness of all audio on your computer.\\nIf you want to mute the audio, you can press the button under the slider, and vice versa.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The master volume of the computer affects all sound devices currently running in the system. For Windows 7, adjusting the master volume or system volume is very simple.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Through the Control Panel\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Click the \\\"Start\\\" button or the circle button with the Microsoft logo on it.\", \"描述\": \"Usually found on the lower right of your screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Click the \\\"Control Panel\\\" button in the selection on the right.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click \\\"Hardware and Sound\\\".\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"From the list, click \\\"Adjust system volume\\\" under \\\"Sound\\\".\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Adjust the volume to desired level.\", \"描述\": \"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Through the Taskbar\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Click the button that looks like a speaker.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't find the speaker button, try pressing the triangular button on the left. This will bring up more icons.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Click the \\\"mixer\\\" button below it.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjust the volume to desired level.\", \"描述\": \"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"The Master volume or the System volume is the main control of volume. Adjusting the slider will affect the loudness of all audio on your computer.\\n\", \"If you want to mute the audio, you can press the button under the slider, and vice versa.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,446
How to Adjust the Screen Timeout on an Android Phone
1. Changing the Screen Timeout Length 1-1. Open your Android's Settings . You can get there by tapping the gear-shaped icon in your Apps list. Alternatively, you can also find the Settings menu by swiping down from the top of the screen and tapping the icon that resembles a gear. 1-2. Tap Display. You should see this option on most Androids, although some models have varying language on their menus. 1-3. Tap Screen timeout. If you're using a Samsung model, you'll usually find this at the bottom of the menu. If you're using a recent Pixel model or another brand, you may have to tap and then or instead. If you are having a hard time finding this option, tap the magnifying glass icon in the upper-right corner of the Settings menu. Then type "Screen Timeout" or "Sleep" in the search bar. 1-4. Choose how long your phone screen should stay on when idle. Tap the radio option next to the time you want your phone or tablet to wait before your phone screen times out. The smallest option is , which conserves the least amount of battery power. The largest option, , will consume the most. Once you tap your selection, it will take effect immediately. Some phones have fewer options from which to choose. For example, some Androids won't let you choose a timeout length longer than 5 minutes. If you're using a Samsung phone with Smart Stay enabled, your phone's screen will stay illuminated as long as you are looking at the screen regardless of what you select here. To customize your Smart Stay settings on a Samsung Galaxy, continue reading on. 2. Using Samsung Smart Stay 2-1. Open up your Samsung Galaxy's Settings . It's the gear-shaped icon in your apps list. If you're using a Samsung Galaxy, you have the option of enabling Smart Stay. This is a feature that keeps your phone's screen on as long as you are looking at it. Smart Stay uses your phone's front camera to do this. This setting will override your the screen timeout settings. Alternatively, you can swipe down from the top of the screen and tap the icon that resembles a gear to open the Settings menu. 2-2. Scroll down and tap Advanced features. It's fairly close to the bottom of the menu. It's next to a yellow icon that resembles a gear with a plus (+) sign in the middle. You may have to select on some models. If you are unable to locate the Smart Stay option in your Settings menu, tap the magnifying glass icon in the upper-right corner of the menu and type "Smart Stay" in the search bar. This feature may not be available on all Samsung Galaxy devices. 2-3. Tap Motions and gestures. It's near the bottom of the Advanced Features menu. 2-4. Tap Smart Stay. Now you'll see the Smart Stay switch. If Smart Stay is disabled, the switch will be gray or white. If it's another color, Smart Stay is already turned on. You can tap the colored switch to disable Smart Stay if you don't want to use your phone's camera to sense whether you are looking at the screen. 2-5. Slide the switch to the On position . Once Smart Stay is enabled, your Android's screen will stay illuminated as long as the camera can sense your face. Smart Stay may not work properly in a dark room due to its dependence on the camera. Tips Screen timeouts not only save battery power but also prevent accidental calls and taps.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:21", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Changing the Screen Timeout Length\\n1-1. Open your Android's Settings .\\nYou can get there by tapping the gear-shaped icon in your Apps list.\\nAlternatively, you can also find the Settings menu by swiping down from the top of the screen and tapping the icon that resembles a gear.\\n1-2. Tap Display.\\nYou should see this option on most Androids, although some models have varying language on their menus.\\n1-3. Tap Screen timeout.\\nIf you're using a Samsung model, you'll usually find this at the bottom of the menu. \\nIf you're using a recent Pixel model or another brand, you may have to tap and then or instead. If you are having a hard time finding this option, tap the magnifying glass icon in the upper-right corner of the Settings menu. Then type \\\"Screen Timeout\\\" or \\\"Sleep\\\" in the search bar.\\n1-4. Choose how long your phone screen should stay on when idle.\\nTap the radio option next to the time you want your phone or tablet to wait before your phone screen times out. The smallest option is , which conserves the least amount of battery power. The largest option, , will consume the most. Once you tap your selection, it will take effect immediately.\\nSome phones have fewer options from which to choose. For example, some Androids won't let you choose a timeout length longer than 5 minutes.\\nIf you're using a Samsung phone with Smart Stay enabled, your phone's screen will stay illuminated as long as you are looking at the screen regardless of what you select here. To customize your Smart Stay settings on a Samsung Galaxy, continue reading on.\\n2. Using Samsung Smart Stay\\n2-1. Open up your Samsung Galaxy's Settings .\\nIt's the gear-shaped icon in your apps list. If you're using a Samsung Galaxy, you have the option of enabling Smart Stay. This is a feature that keeps your phone's screen on as long as you are looking at it. Smart Stay uses your phone's front camera to do this. This setting will override your the screen timeout settings.\\nAlternatively, you can swipe down from the top of the screen and tap the icon that resembles a gear to open the Settings menu.\\n2-2. Scroll down and tap Advanced features.\\nIt's fairly close to the bottom of the menu. It's next to a yellow icon that resembles a gear with a plus (+) sign in the middle.\\nYou may have to select on some models. If you are unable to locate the Smart Stay option in your Settings menu, tap the magnifying glass icon in the upper-right corner of the menu and type \\\"Smart Stay\\\" in the search bar. This feature may not be available on all Samsung Galaxy devices.\\n2-3. Tap Motions and gestures.\\nIt's near the bottom of the Advanced Features menu.\\n2-4. Tap Smart Stay.\\nNow you'll see the Smart Stay switch. If Smart Stay is disabled, the switch will be gray or white. If it's another color, Smart Stay is already turned on.\\nYou can tap the colored switch to disable Smart Stay if you don't want to use your phone's camera to sense whether you are looking at the screen.\\n2-5. Slide the switch to the On position .\\nOnce Smart Stay is enabled, your Android's screen will stay illuminated as long as the camera can sense your face.\\nSmart Stay may not work properly in a dark room due to its dependence on the camera.\\nTips\\nScreen timeouts not only save battery power but also prevent accidental calls and taps.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If your Android phone screen stays illuminated too long after you put it down, or it goes black a little too fast for your liking, you can easily change the screen timeout. This wikiHow article teaches you how to change the amount of time it takes for your Android's screen to automatically go dark.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Changing the Screen Timeout Length\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your Android's Settings .\", \"描述\": \"You can get there by tapping the gear-shaped icon in your Apps list.\\nAlternatively, you can also find the Settings menu by swiping down from the top of the screen and tapping the icon that resembles a gear.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap Display.\", \"描述\": \"You should see this option on most Androids, although some models have varying language on their menus.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap Screen timeout.\", \"描述\": \"If you're using a Samsung model, you'll usually find this at the bottom of the menu. \\nIf you're using a recent Pixel model or another brand, you may have to tap and then or instead. If you are having a hard time finding this option, tap the magnifying glass icon in the upper-right corner of the Settings menu. Then type \\\"Screen Timeout\\\" or \\\"Sleep\\\" in the search bar.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Choose how long your phone screen should stay on when idle.\", \"描述\": \"Tap the radio option next to the time you want your phone or tablet to wait before your phone screen times out. The smallest option is , which conserves the least amount of battery power. The largest option, , will consume the most. Once you tap your selection, it will take effect immediately.\\nSome phones have fewer options from which to choose. For example, some Androids won't let you choose a timeout length longer than 5 minutes.\\nIf you're using a Samsung phone with Smart Stay enabled, your phone's screen will stay illuminated as long as you are looking at the screen regardless of what you select here. To customize your Smart Stay settings on a Samsung Galaxy, continue reading on.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Samsung Smart Stay\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open up your Samsung Galaxy's Settings .\", \"描述\": \"It's the gear-shaped icon in your apps list. If you're using a Samsung Galaxy, you have the option of enabling Smart Stay. This is a feature that keeps your phone's screen on as long as you are looking at it. Smart Stay uses your phone's front camera to do this. This setting will override your the screen timeout settings.\\nAlternatively, you can swipe down from the top of the screen and tap the icon that resembles a gear to open the Settings menu.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Scroll down and tap Advanced features.\", \"描述\": \"It's fairly close to the bottom of the menu. It's next to a yellow icon that resembles a gear with a plus (+) sign in the middle.\\nYou may have to select on some models. If you are unable to locate the Smart Stay option in your Settings menu, tap the magnifying glass icon in the upper-right corner of the menu and type \\\"Smart Stay\\\" in the search bar. This feature may not be available on all Samsung Galaxy devices.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap Motions and gestures.\", \"描述\": \"It's near the bottom of the Advanced Features menu.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tap Smart Stay.\", \"描述\": \"Now you'll see the Smart Stay switch. If Smart Stay is disabled, the switch will be gray or white. If it's another color, Smart Stay is already turned on.\\nYou can tap the colored switch to disable Smart Stay if you don't want to use your phone's camera to sense whether you are looking at the screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Slide the switch to the On position .\", \"描述\": \"Once Smart Stay is enabled, your Android's screen will stay illuminated as long as the camera can sense your face.\\nSmart Stay may not work properly in a dark room due to its dependence on the camera.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Screen timeouts not only save battery power but also prevent accidental calls and taps.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,447
How to Adjust the Shadows of a Photo Using the iPhone Photos App
1. Steps 1-1. Open the Photos app on your iPhone. The Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon inside a white box on your Home screen. 1-2. Tap on the photo you want to edit for Shadows. This will open the image in full-screen mode. You can open any image from your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, or from an Album. If the Photos app opens up to an image in full-screen mode, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your images. 1-3. Tap the Edit button. This button looks like three horizontal sliders next to the Trash button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will open your photo in image-editing mode. 1-4. Tap the dial button. This button is located next to the button in the lower-right corner of the image-editing screen. It will bring up a menu of three editing options including , , and . 1-5. Tap the downward-facing arrow next to Light. This will show you a sub-menu of editing options for Light. 1-6. Select Shadows. The Shadows editing slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen. 1-7. Swipe left on the image to increase the Shadows level. This will increase exposure in the darker and dimmer parts of your image. All shadowy parts in your photo will now appear brighter than they were in the original photo. 1-8. Swipe right on the image to decrease the Shadows level. This will decrease exposure in the darker and dimmer parts of your image. Shadowy parts in the photo will now look even darker and dimmer than they were before. 1-9. Tap Done. This is the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will save your edits.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:21", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Open the Photos app on your iPhone.\\nThe Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon inside a white box on your Home screen.\\n1-2. Tap on the photo you want to edit for Shadows.\\nThis will open the image in full-screen mode. You can open any image from your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, or from an Album.\\nIf the Photos app opens up to an image in full-screen mode, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your images.\\n1-3. Tap the Edit button.\\nThis button looks like three horizontal sliders next to the Trash button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will open your photo in image-editing mode.\\n1-4. Tap the dial button.\\nThis button is located next to the button in the lower-right corner of the image-editing screen. It will bring up a menu of three editing options including , , and .\\n1-5. Tap the downward-facing arrow next to Light.\\nThis will show you a sub-menu of editing options for Light.\\n1-6. Select Shadows.\\nThe Shadows editing slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen.\\n1-7. Swipe left on the image to increase the Shadows level.\\nThis will increase exposure in the darker and dimmer parts of your image. All shadowy parts in your photo will now appear brighter than they were in the original photo.\\n1-8. Swipe right on the image to decrease the Shadows level.\\nThis will decrease exposure in the darker and dimmer parts of your image. Shadowy parts in the photo will now look even darker and dimmer than they were before.\\n1-9. Tap Done.\\nThis is the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will save your edits.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to increase and decrease the exposure level of Shadows in a photo, using the editing mode in your iPhone's Photos app.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open the Photos app on your iPhone.\", \"描述\": \"The Photos app looks like a colored pinwheel icon inside a white box on your Home screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap on the photo you want to edit for Shadows.\", \"描述\": \"This will open the image in full-screen mode. You can open any image from your Moments, Memories, iCloud pictures, Camera Roll, or from an Album.\\nIf the Photos app opens up to an image in full-screen mode, tap the back button in the upper-left corner to browse all your images.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap the Edit button.\", \"描述\": \"This button looks like three horizontal sliders next to the Trash button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will open your photo in image-editing mode.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tap the dial button.\", \"描述\": \"This button is located next to the button in the lower-right corner of the image-editing screen. It will bring up a menu of three editing options including , , and .\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tap the downward-facing arrow next to Light.\", \"描述\": \"This will show you a sub-menu of editing options for Light.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Select Shadows.\", \"描述\": \"The Shadows editing slider will appear below the image at the bottom of your screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Swipe left on the image to increase the Shadows level.\", \"描述\": \"This will increase exposure in the darker and dimmer parts of your image. All shadowy parts in your photo will now appear brighter than they were in the original photo.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Swipe right on the image to decrease the Shadows level.\", \"描述\": \"This will decrease exposure in the darker and dimmer parts of your image. Shadowy parts in the photo will now look even darker and dimmer than they were before.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Tap Done.\", \"描述\": \"This is the yellow button in the lower-right corner of your screen. It will save your edits.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,448
How to Quickly Adjust the Suspension on a Dirt Bike (and Stiffen the Front Forks)
1. How do I measure my rider sag? 1-1. Start by getting the bike off the ground. Rider sag (also called or ) is the amount the suspension compresses from the weight of the bike and rider. To measure that, you first need to know what your bike looks like without any weight on it. Put the bike on a stand with both wheels off the ground—and get a friend, since this is a two-person job. Start here whenever you're doing a thorough suspension check—it's best to get this right, then adjust everything else around it. Don't check the sag right after riding. These measurements are only accurate when your bike is cooled down. You'll need a lift stand or hydraulic stand that puts the wheels in the air, not on the ground or on a platform. If you don't have one, have someone lift the rear of your bike until there's no weight on the rear wheel. 1-2. Take a measurement straight up from the rear axle bolt. Get the tape measure as vertical as possible from the center of the rear wheel. Choose any point where the tape measure intersects with the bike body, and make a mark there. Write down this measurement. Use a metric tape measure with millimeter markings. This gives you the precision you need, and should match the units in your owner's manual. The exact point doesn't matter, as long as you mark it. You're going to use this measurement as a comparison to see how much the bike sags with weight on it. 1-3. Have a friend measure again while you're on the bike. Return the bike to the ground and get on it. Repeat the same measurement between the rear axle bolt and the mark you made. The rider sag is the amount this distance changed. In other words, your first measurement minus your second measurement equals the rider sag. Follow these tips for the most accurate results: Get on the bike in your actual riding position with your feet on the pegs, while wearing or holding your gear. Bounce on the rear suspension before measuring. A little jostle helps overcome stiction and settle the suspension into its natural position. 2. What is the ideal rider sag? 2-1. This is usually around 100mm, but your owner's manual knows best. It's best to keep your rider sag inside the range set by your manufacturer, or "sag window." But as a general rule, most dirt bikes with an engine size of 125cc and up are designed for a rider sag between 95 and 105mm. Typical bikes in the 85 to 100cc range work best with a rider sag between 80 and 90mm, and most bikes in the 50 to 65cc range work best with a rider sag around 70mm. You can also think about sag as a percentage of travel, or the total vertical distance your suspension is capable of moving. Ideal rider sag is usually around 30% of travel. 2-2. Choose slightly less sag for control, or more sag for stability. Which point you choose within the sag window depends on how and where you plan to bike. Less sag (a taller bike) makes your bike easier to turn, but can be a bit less stable with a more active, "kicky" shock. More sag (a lower bike) makes your bike more stable but "squatty"—riding low to the ground where it's harder to turn and to absorb impacts. Don't be afraid to tweak your sag. It makes sense to use less sag for a closed-course race than for a rough trail, or to use less sag as your skills improve and you ride faster and harder. 3. How do I adjust my rider sag? 3-1. Change the rear shock spring preload to tweak rider sag. Tighten the shock collar to compress the spring and add more preload; this pushes up with more force and reduces sag. Loosen the shock collar to reduce tension on the spring, increasing sag and making your suspension softer. Most dirt bikes shock springs are held in place by two metal collars or lock nuts at the top. To adjust spring preload without a special tool, first loosen the top collar or lock nut by placing a punch tool or a blunt chisel against it, then striking the end with a mallet. Once this is loose, adjust the bottom collar or nut by hand to tighten or loosen the spring. Tighten the top collar again once you're done. Turn a collar clockwise (looking from above) to tighten or counter-clockwise to loosen. As a rule of thumb, one full rotation of a lock nut is 2 or 3 mm of sag adjustment. Mark one edge of the nut to track this. 3-2. Look for pinch bolts or knobs if there is no collar. Check these instructions if your shock doesn't have the typical collar-and-spring setup, or if it has additional adjusters installed: On most KTM or Husqvarna dirt bikes, loosen the pinch bolt with a hex key, then adjust the single plastic nut to adjust the spring preload. Tighten the pinch bolt again when you're done. Most hydraulic preload adjusters have a simple knob on the shock or attached to it by a hose. (If you didn't have one of these installed, any wheel on your shock is more likely to adjust compression or rebound, not preload.) 3-3. Switch your coil if you have to make large adjustments. Adjusting spring preload can only get you so far if the coil on your shock isn't right for your weight. A stiffer coil with a higher spring rate will reduce your sag, while a softer coil with a lower spring rate will increase it. You can check your coil by measuring your static sag after making these adjustments. That's the vertical distance your bike sags under its own weight, compared to when it's on a stand with both wheels in the air. If the static sag is outside the range recommended in your owner's manual, get a new coil. 4. How do I measure and account for static sag? 4-1. Measure the amount your bike sinks under its own weight. Start with your bike on a stand that puts zero weight on the wheels. Measure the distance in millimeters from the rear axle bolt directly upward to any point on the bike body, and mark this point with a pen. Now put the bike on the ground, with no rider or gear on it, and measure between the same two points. The amount this measurement has changed is the . For example, if you measure 580mm in the air and 540mm on the ground, the static sag is 580 - 540 = 40mm. If you already measured your rider sag (which is recommended before doing this), you already have the first measurement. 4-2. Check your owner's manual for the target static sag. As a rule of thumb, a dirt bike with a 125cc or larger engine usually wants a static sag between 25 and 30 mm, while smaller bikes can have a target static sag as low as 8 to 10 mm. That said, it's always best to check the owner's manual for your model. 4-3. Change your shock coil to fix your static sag. If you've set your rider sag correctly, but your static sag is outside of your model's intended range, then the coil on your shock is not right for your weight. Choose a coil with a higher spring rate if you need to reduce static sag, or a lower spring rate to increase sag. If your bike has to handle a wide range of loads (for instance, it is used by two riders of different weights), you can install preload adjusters and/or a coil with an adjustable spring rate. If your goal is to get more ground clearance, consider a taller suspension with more total travel instead of making extreme adjustments to your preload. You can then set your rider sag near the recommended setting of 30% of your suspension's total travel, but your bike will be higher off the ground. After replacing the coil, measure and adjust your rider sag again, then measure the static sag again. 5. How do I stiffen or soften the front forks? 5-1. Turn the compression clicker to adjust fork stiffness. Look for the flathead screw labeled "C" or "comp" at the top or bottom of your forks. This "clicker" controls the fork compression, or how fast the fork shortens during impact. Adjust this one or two "clicks" at a time between test rides, using a flathead screwdriver. Wind clockwise toward the "H" for harder compression. Stiff compression is better for soft terrain like sand, and for large, rolling bumps and hills. Wind counter-clockwise toward the "S" for softer compression. This is best for rough terrain full of small bumps. If your clickers are unlabeled, check your owner's manual to identify them. 5-2. Bleed air out of your forks before each ride to maintain this setting. The air inside your forks is part of their suspension system, cushioning their movement as they compress. As you ride, friction builds up the air pressure and makes compression harsher. To prevent this messing with your settings before a ride, lift the front wheel off the bike to take the weight off the fork, then loosen the air bleed screw at the top of the fork. Tighten it again before putting the bike back on the ground. It's best to do this before each ride, when your bike is cool. Bleeding out hot, higher-pressure air after a ride will get rid of too much air and leave you with a too-soft compression once the air that's left cools. 6. How do I adjust the rear shock compression? 6-1. Adjust the low-speed compression to alter riding feel. This setting is almost always controlled by the compression clicker at the top of your shock: a flathead screw that clicks as it turns. This low-speed compression or LSC setting controls how your suspension behaves during gradual compression: driving over hills, braking, or accelerating. Turn the screw clockwise toward "H" for a harder compression, or counter-clockwise toward "S" for a softer compression. 6-2. Change the high-speed compression for impacts. On a typical bike, the high-speed compression (HSC) is controlled by a nut set around the LSC screw, or by a separate nut nearby. Turning this nut changes how the damping works while the shock compresses quickly, for instance from an impact after a jump. Use a wrench to turn this clockwise for a stiffer compression during impacts, or counter-clockwise for a softer one. Unlike the clickers, this turns smoothly instead of clicking through discrete settings. Draw a line across the edge of the nut and the shock to keep track of its starting position. The HSC is pretty sensitive: a 1/2 turn makes a sizeable difference. Try stiffening your HSC if your rear wheel bottoms out hard on impacts (hitting the front face of a jump, landing a jump, riding over a series of square edge bumps). Try softening your HSC if your suspension isn't using the full stroke when landing a high jump, or if your bike kicks or deflects when it hits a braking bump. 7. How do I adjust the rebound? 7-1. Turn the rebound clickers on your forks. Look for the flathead screw labeled "R" at the top or bottom of your forks. Twist this "clicker" one or two clicks at a time between test rides using a flathead screwdriver. This controls how fast the forks rise up again after they compress. Wind clockwise toward "H" (hard) for a slower rebound. Your bike will handle better over rolling hills and large bumps if its rebound is slow enough to let the wheel hug the ground, instead of skipping up and down. Wind counter-clockwise toward "S" (soft) for a faster rebound. A fast rebound lets your fork move quickly to adjust to rapid changes on bumpy ground. Check your owner manual if your clickers aren't labeled. 7-2. Adjust the shock rebound clicker. Now look for a similar screw at the rear of your bike, almost always on the bottom of the shock. This works the same as the front rebound clicker, controlling the rebound over the rear wheel. On some bikes, you'll need a friend to push down on the bike seat to shift things around and make this clicker accessible. Some bikes have a simple hand-turned wheel around the base of the shock instead of a screw. 7-3. Change your rebound if your bike bucks or skips. It's not always intuitive how to set your clickers. If your bike's not handling bumps, try these approaches: If your rear wheel gets low over choppy ground, then bucks up suddenly, soften the shock rebound. This lets your shock extend up again between bumps, instead of "packing"—getting forced lower and then bucking up the full travel. If bumpy ground makes your front wheel skip or your handlebars shake, soften the fork rebound. If adjusting the rebound clickers doesn't fix these problems, change the compression. Pay attention to how your bike feels: a wheel that bottoms outs when you accelerate has too soft a compression. A wheel that skips over bumps instead of hugging the ground has too stiff a compression. Tips Keep your gear and luggage loaded as far forward as possible to minimize the load on your shocks.[34] X Research source If your bike hasn't been serviced in a while, a professional check-up to identify and fix suspension issues is a good idea. Not everything can be solved by tweaking the settings. Warnings Leaving your compression clickers at maximum hardness isn't great for your forks long-term.[35] X Research source Your forks need to be able to move to absorb impacts. If they're too stiff, a lot of energy is going to rattle through your bike.[36] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:21", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. How do I measure my rider sag?\\n1-1. Start by getting the bike off the ground.\\nRider sag (also called or ) is the amount the suspension compresses from the weight of the bike and rider. To measure that, you first need to know what your bike looks like without any weight on it. Put the bike on a stand with both wheels off the ground—and get a friend, since this is a two-person job.\\nStart here whenever you're doing a thorough suspension check—it's best to get this right, then adjust everything else around it.\\nDon't check the sag right after riding. These measurements are only accurate when your bike is cooled down.\\nYou'll need a lift stand or hydraulic stand that puts the wheels in the air, not on the ground or on a platform. If you don't have one, have someone lift the rear of your bike until there's no weight on the rear wheel.\\n1-2. Take a measurement straight up from the rear axle bolt.\\nGet the tape measure as vertical as possible from the center of the rear wheel. Choose any point where the tape measure intersects with the bike body, and make a mark there. Write down this measurement.\\nUse a metric tape measure with millimeter markings. This gives you the precision you need, and should match the units in your owner's manual.\\nThe exact point doesn't matter, as long as you mark it. You're going to use this measurement as a comparison to see how much the bike sags with weight on it.\\n1-3. Have a friend measure again while you're on the bike.\\nReturn the bike to the ground and get on it. Repeat the same measurement between the rear axle bolt and the mark you made. The rider sag is the amount this distance changed. In other words, your first measurement minus your second measurement equals the rider sag. Follow these tips for the most accurate results:\\nGet on the bike in your actual riding position with your feet on the pegs, while wearing or holding your gear.\\nBounce on the rear suspension before measuring. A little jostle helps overcome stiction and settle the suspension into its natural position.\\n2. What is the ideal rider sag?\\n2-1. This is usually around 100mm, but your owner's manual knows best.\\nIt's best to keep your rider sag inside the range set by your manufacturer, or \\\"sag window.\\\" But as a general rule, most dirt bikes with an engine size of 125cc and up are designed for a rider sag between 95 and 105mm. Typical bikes in the 85 to 100cc range work best with a rider sag between 80 and 90mm, and most bikes in the 50 to 65cc range work best with a rider sag around 70mm.\\nYou can also think about sag as a percentage of travel, or the total vertical distance your suspension is capable of moving. Ideal rider sag is usually around 30% of travel.\\n2-2. Choose slightly less sag for control, or more sag for stability.\\nWhich point you choose within the sag window depends on how and where you plan to bike. Less sag (a taller bike) makes your bike easier to turn, but can be a bit less stable with a more active, \\\"kicky\\\" shock. More sag (a lower bike) makes your bike more stable but \\\"squatty\\\"—riding low to the ground where it's harder to turn and to absorb impacts.\\nDon't be afraid to tweak your sag. It makes sense to use less sag for a closed-course race than for a rough trail, or to use less sag as your skills improve and you ride faster and harder.\\n3. How do I adjust my rider sag?\\n3-1. Change the rear shock spring preload to tweak rider sag.\\nTighten the shock collar to compress the spring and add more preload; this pushes up with more force and reduces sag. Loosen the shock collar to reduce tension on the spring, increasing sag and making your suspension softer.\\nMost dirt bikes shock springs are held in place by two metal collars or lock nuts at the top. To adjust spring preload without a special tool, first loosen the top collar or lock nut by placing a punch tool or a blunt chisel against it, then striking the end with a mallet. Once this is loose, adjust the bottom collar or nut by hand to tighten or loosen the spring. Tighten the top collar again once you're done.\\nTurn a collar clockwise (looking from above) to tighten or counter-clockwise to loosen.\\nAs a rule of thumb, one full rotation of a lock nut is 2 or 3 mm of sag adjustment. Mark one edge of the nut to track this.\\n3-2. Look for pinch bolts or knobs if there is no collar.\\nCheck these instructions if your shock doesn't have the typical collar-and-spring setup, or if it has additional adjusters installed:\\nOn most KTM or Husqvarna dirt bikes, loosen the pinch bolt with a hex key, then adjust the single plastic nut to adjust the spring preload. Tighten the pinch bolt again when you're done.\\nMost hydraulic preload adjusters have a simple knob on the shock or attached to it by a hose. (If you didn't have one of these installed, any wheel on your shock is more likely to adjust compression or rebound, not preload.)\\n3-3. Switch your coil if you have to make large adjustments.\\nAdjusting spring preload can only get you so far if the coil on your shock isn't right for your weight. A stiffer coil with a higher spring rate will reduce your sag, while a softer coil with a lower spring rate will increase it.\\nYou can check your coil by measuring your static sag after making these adjustments. That's the vertical distance your bike sags under its own weight, compared to when it's on a stand with both wheels in the air. If the static sag is outside the range recommended in your owner's manual, get a new coil.\\n4. How do I measure and account for static sag?\\n4-1. Measure the amount your bike sinks under its own weight.\\nStart with your bike on a stand that puts zero weight on the wheels. Measure the distance in millimeters from the rear axle bolt directly upward to any point on the bike body, and mark this point with a pen. Now put the bike on the ground, with no rider or gear on it, and measure between the same two points. The amount this measurement has changed is the .\\nFor example, if you measure 580mm in the air and 540mm on the ground, the static sag is 580 - 540 = 40mm.\\nIf you already measured your rider sag (which is recommended before doing this), you already have the first measurement.\\n4-2. Check your owner's manual for the target static sag.\\nAs a rule of thumb, a dirt bike with a 125cc or larger engine usually wants a static sag between 25 and 30 mm, while smaller bikes can have a target static sag as low as 8 to 10 mm. That said, it's always best to check the owner's manual for your model.\\n4-3. Change your shock coil to fix your static sag.\\nIf you've set your rider sag correctly, but your static sag is outside of your model's intended range, then the coil on your shock is not right for your weight. Choose a coil with a higher spring rate if you need to reduce static sag, or a lower spring rate to increase sag.\\nIf your bike has to handle a wide range of loads (for instance, it is used by two riders of different weights), you can install preload adjusters and/or a coil with an adjustable spring rate.\\nIf your goal is to get more ground clearance, consider a taller suspension with more total travel instead of making extreme adjustments to your preload. You can then set your rider sag near the recommended setting of 30% of your suspension's total travel, but your bike will be higher off the ground.\\nAfter replacing the coil, measure and adjust your rider sag again, then measure the static sag again.\\n5. How do I stiffen or soften the front forks?\\n5-1. Turn the compression clicker to adjust fork stiffness.\\nLook for the flathead screw labeled \\\"C\\\" or \\\"comp\\\" at the top or bottom of your forks. This \\\"clicker\\\" controls the fork compression, or how fast the fork shortens during impact. Adjust this one or two \\\"clicks\\\" at a time between test rides, using a flathead screwdriver.\\nWind clockwise toward the \\\"H\\\" for harder compression. Stiff compression is better for soft terrain like sand, and for large, rolling bumps and hills.\\nWind counter-clockwise toward the \\\"S\\\" for softer compression. This is best for rough terrain full of small bumps.\\nIf your clickers are unlabeled, check your owner's manual to identify them.\\n5-2. Bleed air out of your forks before each ride to maintain this setting.\\nThe air inside your forks is part of their suspension system, cushioning their movement as they compress. As you ride, friction builds up the air pressure and makes compression harsher. To prevent this messing with your settings before a ride, lift the front wheel off the bike to take the weight off the fork, then loosen the air bleed screw at the top of the fork. Tighten it again before putting the bike back on the ground.\\nIt's best to do this before each ride, when your bike is cool. Bleeding out hot, higher-pressure air after a ride will get rid of too much air and leave you with a too-soft compression once the air that's left cools.\\n6. How do I adjust the rear shock compression?\\n6-1. Adjust the low-speed compression to alter riding feel.\\nThis setting is almost always controlled by the compression clicker at the top of your shock: a flathead screw that clicks as it turns. This low-speed compression or LSC setting controls how your suspension behaves during gradual compression: driving over hills, braking, or accelerating.\\nTurn the screw clockwise toward \\\"H\\\" for a harder compression, or counter-clockwise toward \\\"S\\\" for a softer compression.\\n6-2. Change the high-speed compression for impacts.\\nOn a typical bike, the high-speed compression (HSC) is controlled by a nut set around the LSC screw, or by a separate nut nearby. Turning this nut changes how the damping works while the shock compresses quickly, for instance from an impact after a jump. Use a wrench to turn this clockwise for a stiffer compression during impacts, or counter-clockwise for a softer one.\\nUnlike the clickers, this turns smoothly instead of clicking through discrete settings. Draw a line across the edge of the nut and the shock to keep track of its starting position. The HSC is pretty sensitive: a 1/2 turn makes a sizeable difference.\\nTry stiffening your HSC if your rear wheel bottoms out hard on impacts (hitting the front face of a jump, landing a jump, riding over a series of square edge bumps).\\nTry softening your HSC if your suspension isn't using the full stroke when landing a high jump, or if your bike kicks or deflects when it hits a braking bump.\\n7. How do I adjust the rebound?\\n7-1. Turn the rebound clickers on your forks.\\nLook for the flathead screw labeled \\\"R\\\" at the top or bottom of your forks. Twist this \\\"clicker\\\" one or two clicks at a time between test rides using a flathead screwdriver. This controls how fast the forks rise up again after they compress.\\nWind clockwise toward \\\"H\\\" (hard) for a slower rebound. Your bike will handle better over rolling hills and large bumps if its rebound is slow enough to let the wheel hug the ground, instead of skipping up and down.\\nWind counter-clockwise toward \\\"S\\\" (soft) for a faster rebound. A fast rebound lets your fork move quickly to adjust to rapid changes on bumpy ground.\\nCheck your owner manual if your clickers aren't labeled.\\n7-2. Adjust the shock rebound clicker.\\nNow look for a similar screw at the rear of your bike, almost always on the bottom of the shock. This works the same as the front rebound clicker, controlling the rebound over the rear wheel.\\nOn some bikes, you'll need a friend to push down on the bike seat to shift things around and make this clicker accessible.\\nSome bikes have a simple hand-turned wheel around the base of the shock instead of a screw.\\n7-3. Change your rebound if your bike bucks or skips.\\nIt's not always intuitive how to set your clickers. If your bike's not handling bumps, try these approaches:\\nIf your rear wheel gets low over choppy ground, then bucks up suddenly, soften the shock rebound. This lets your shock extend up again between bumps, instead of \\\"packing\\\"—getting forced lower and then bucking up the full travel.\\nIf bumpy ground makes your front wheel skip or your handlebars shake, soften the fork rebound.\\nIf adjusting the rebound clickers doesn't fix these problems, change the compression. Pay attention to how your bike feels: a wheel that bottoms outs when you accelerate has too soft a compression. A wheel that skips over bumps instead of hugging the ground has too stiff a compression.\\nTips\\nKeep your gear and luggage loaded as far forward as possible to minimize the load on your shocks.[34]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf your bike hasn't been serviced in a while, a professional check-up to identify and fix suspension issues is a good idea. Not everything can be solved by tweaking the settings.\\nWarnings\\nLeaving your compression clickers at maximum hardness isn't great for your forks long-term.[35]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Your forks need to be able to move to absorb impacts. If they're too stiff, a lot of energy is going to rattle through your bike.[36]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The suspension on your dirt bike is a heroic multitasker. It maintains good wheel traction, smooths out your ride, and reacts in an instant to all the excitement a racetrack or a trail can throw at it. To get this all working right, start with the fundamentals: check your rider sag, then static sag. Once those are set, you can quickly adjust compression and rebound between rides to match different terrains. Adjust your fork suspension to change how your front wheel handles, and your shock to affect the rear.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"How do I measure my rider sag?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start by getting the bike off the ground.\", \"描述\": \"Rider sag (also called or ) is the amount the suspension compresses from the weight of the bike and rider. To measure that, you first need to know what your bike looks like without any weight on it. Put the bike on a stand with both wheels off the ground—and get a friend, since this is a two-person job.\\nStart here whenever you're doing a thorough suspension check—it's best to get this right, then adjust everything else around it.\\nDon't check the sag right after riding. These measurements are only accurate when your bike is cooled down.\\nYou'll need a lift stand or hydraulic stand that puts the wheels in the air, not on the ground or on a platform. If you don't have one, have someone lift the rear of your bike until there's no weight on the rear wheel.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take a measurement straight up from the rear axle bolt.\", \"描述\": \"Get the tape measure as vertical as possible from the center of the rear wheel. Choose any point where the tape measure intersects with the bike body, and make a mark there. Write down this measurement.\\nUse a metric tape measure with millimeter markings. This gives you the precision you need, and should match the units in your owner's manual.\\nThe exact point doesn't matter, as long as you mark it. You're going to use this measurement as a comparison to see how much the bike sags with weight on it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Have a friend measure again while you're on the bike.\", \"描述\": \"Return the bike to the ground and get on it. Repeat the same measurement between the rear axle bolt and the mark you made. The rider sag is the amount this distance changed. In other words, your first measurement minus your second measurement equals the rider sag. Follow these tips for the most accurate results:\\nGet on the bike in your actual riding position with your feet on the pegs, while wearing or holding your gear.\\nBounce on the rear suspension before measuring. A little jostle helps overcome stiction and settle the suspension into its natural position.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"What is the ideal rider sag?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"This is usually around 100mm, but your owner's manual knows best.\", \"描述\": \"It's best to keep your rider sag inside the range set by your manufacturer, or \\\"sag window.\\\" But as a general rule, most dirt bikes with an engine size of 125cc and up are designed for a rider sag between 95 and 105mm. Typical bikes in the 85 to 100cc range work best with a rider sag between 80 and 90mm, and most bikes in the 50 to 65cc range work best with a rider sag around 70mm.\\nYou can also think about sag as a percentage of travel, or the total vertical distance your suspension is capable of moving. Ideal rider sag is usually around 30% of travel.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose slightly less sag for control, or more sag for stability.\", \"描述\": \"Which point you choose within the sag window depends on how and where you plan to bike. Less sag (a taller bike) makes your bike easier to turn, but can be a bit less stable with a more active, \\\"kicky\\\" shock. More sag (a lower bike) makes your bike more stable but \\\"squatty\\\"—riding low to the ground where it's harder to turn and to absorb impacts.\\nDon't be afraid to tweak your sag. It makes sense to use less sag for a closed-course race than for a rough trail, or to use less sag as your skills improve and you ride faster and harder.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"How do I adjust my rider sag?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Change the rear shock spring preload to tweak rider sag.\", \"描述\": \"Tighten the shock collar to compress the spring and add more preload; this pushes up with more force and reduces sag. Loosen the shock collar to reduce tension on the spring, increasing sag and making your suspension softer.\\nMost dirt bikes shock springs are held in place by two metal collars or lock nuts at the top. To adjust spring preload without a special tool, first loosen the top collar or lock nut by placing a punch tool or a blunt chisel against it, then striking the end with a mallet. Once this is loose, adjust the bottom collar or nut by hand to tighten or loosen the spring. Tighten the top collar again once you're done.\\nTurn a collar clockwise (looking from above) to tighten or counter-clockwise to loosen.\\nAs a rule of thumb, one full rotation of a lock nut is 2 or 3 mm of sag adjustment. Mark one edge of the nut to track this.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look for pinch bolts or knobs if there is no collar.\", \"描述\": \"Check these instructions if your shock doesn't have the typical collar-and-spring setup, or if it has additional adjusters installed:\\nOn most KTM or Husqvarna dirt bikes, loosen the pinch bolt with a hex key, then adjust the single plastic nut to adjust the spring preload. Tighten the pinch bolt again when you're done.\\nMost hydraulic preload adjusters have a simple knob on the shock or attached to it by a hose. (If you didn't have one of these installed, any wheel on your shock is more likely to adjust compression or rebound, not preload.)\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Switch your coil if you have to make large adjustments.\", \"描述\": \"Adjusting spring preload can only get you so far if the coil on your shock isn't right for your weight. A stiffer coil with a higher spring rate will reduce your sag, while a softer coil with a lower spring rate will increase it.\\nYou can check your coil by measuring your static sag after making these adjustments. That's the vertical distance your bike sags under its own weight, compared to when it's on a stand with both wheels in the air. If the static sag is outside the range recommended in your owner's manual, get a new coil.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"How do I measure and account for static sag?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Measure the amount your bike sinks under its own weight.\", \"描述\": \"Start with your bike on a stand that puts zero weight on the wheels. Measure the distance in millimeters from the rear axle bolt directly upward to any point on the bike body, and mark this point with a pen. Now put the bike on the ground, with no rider or gear on it, and measure between the same two points. The amount this measurement has changed is the .\\nFor example, if you measure 580mm in the air and 540mm on the ground, the static sag is 580 - 540 = 40mm.\\nIf you already measured your rider sag (which is recommended before doing this), you already have the first measurement.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check your owner's manual for the target static sag.\", \"描述\": \"As a rule of thumb, a dirt bike with a 125cc or larger engine usually wants a static sag between 25 and 30 mm, while smaller bikes can have a target static sag as low as 8 to 10 mm. That said, it's always best to check the owner's manual for your model.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Change your shock coil to fix your static sag.\", \"描述\": \"If you've set your rider sag correctly, but your static sag is outside of your model's intended range, then the coil on your shock is not right for your weight. Choose a coil with a higher spring rate if you need to reduce static sag, or a lower spring rate to increase sag.\\nIf your bike has to handle a wide range of loads (for instance, it is used by two riders of different weights), you can install preload adjusters and/or a coil with an adjustable spring rate.\\nIf your goal is to get more ground clearance, consider a taller suspension with more total travel instead of making extreme adjustments to your preload. You can then set your rider sag near the recommended setting of 30% of your suspension's total travel, but your bike will be higher off the ground.\\nAfter replacing the coil, measure and adjust your rider sag again, then measure the static sag again.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"How do I stiffen or soften the front forks?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the compression clicker to adjust fork stiffness.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the flathead screw labeled \\\"C\\\" or \\\"comp\\\" at the top or bottom of your forks. This \\\"clicker\\\" controls the fork compression, or how fast the fork shortens during impact. Adjust this one or two \\\"clicks\\\" at a time between test rides, using a flathead screwdriver.\\nWind clockwise toward the \\\"H\\\" for harder compression. Stiff compression is better for soft terrain like sand, and for large, rolling bumps and hills.\\nWind counter-clockwise toward the \\\"S\\\" for softer compression. This is best for rough terrain full of small bumps.\\nIf your clickers are unlabeled, check your owner's manual to identify them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Bleed air out of your forks before each ride to maintain this setting.\", \"描述\": \"The air inside your forks is part of their suspension system, cushioning their movement as they compress. As you ride, friction builds up the air pressure and makes compression harsher. To prevent this messing with your settings before a ride, lift the front wheel off the bike to take the weight off the fork, then loosen the air bleed screw at the top of the fork. Tighten it again before putting the bike back on the ground.\\nIt's best to do this before each ride, when your bike is cool. Bleeding out hot, higher-pressure air after a ride will get rid of too much air and leave you with a too-soft compression once the air that's left cools.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"How do I adjust the rear shock compression?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjust the low-speed compression to alter riding feel.\", \"描述\": \"This setting is almost always controlled by the compression clicker at the top of your shock: a flathead screw that clicks as it turns. This low-speed compression or LSC setting controls how your suspension behaves during gradual compression: driving over hills, braking, or accelerating.\\nTurn the screw clockwise toward \\\"H\\\" for a harder compression, or counter-clockwise toward \\\"S\\\" for a softer compression.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Change the high-speed compression for impacts.\", \"描述\": \"On a typical bike, the high-speed compression (HSC) is controlled by a nut set around the LSC screw, or by a separate nut nearby. Turning this nut changes how the damping works while the shock compresses quickly, for instance from an impact after a jump. Use a wrench to turn this clockwise for a stiffer compression during impacts, or counter-clockwise for a softer one.\\nUnlike the clickers, this turns smoothly instead of clicking through discrete settings. Draw a line across the edge of the nut and the shock to keep track of its starting position. The HSC is pretty sensitive: a 1/2 turn makes a sizeable difference.\\nTry stiffening your HSC if your rear wheel bottoms out hard on impacts (hitting the front face of a jump, landing a jump, riding over a series of square edge bumps).\\nTry softening your HSC if your suspension isn't using the full stroke when landing a high jump, or if your bike kicks or deflects when it hits a braking bump.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"How do I adjust the rebound?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the rebound clickers on your forks.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the flathead screw labeled \\\"R\\\" at the top or bottom of your forks. Twist this \\\"clicker\\\" one or two clicks at a time between test rides using a flathead screwdriver. This controls how fast the forks rise up again after they compress.\\nWind clockwise toward \\\"H\\\" (hard) for a slower rebound. Your bike will handle better over rolling hills and large bumps if its rebound is slow enough to let the wheel hug the ground, instead of skipping up and down.\\nWind counter-clockwise toward \\\"S\\\" (soft) for a faster rebound. A fast rebound lets your fork move quickly to adjust to rapid changes on bumpy ground.\\nCheck your owner manual if your clickers aren't labeled.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjust the shock rebound clicker.\", \"描述\": \"Now look for a similar screw at the rear of your bike, almost always on the bottom of the shock. This works the same as the front rebound clicker, controlling the rebound over the rear wheel.\\nOn some bikes, you'll need a friend to push down on the bike seat to shift things around and make this clicker accessible.\\nSome bikes have a simple hand-turned wheel around the base of the shock instead of a screw.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Change your rebound if your bike bucks or skips.\", \"描述\": \"It's not always intuitive how to set your clickers. If your bike's not handling bumps, try these approaches:\\nIf your rear wheel gets low over choppy ground, then bucks up suddenly, soften the shock rebound. This lets your shock extend up again between bumps, instead of \\\"packing\\\"—getting forced lower and then bucking up the full travel.\\nIf bumpy ground makes your front wheel skip or your handlebars shake, soften the fork rebound.\\nIf adjusting the rebound clickers doesn't fix these problems, change the compression. Pay attention to how your bike feels: a wheel that bottoms outs when you accelerate has too soft a compression. A wheel that skips over bumps instead of hugging the ground has too stiff a compression.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Keep your gear and luggage loaded as far forward as possible to minimize the load on your shocks.[34]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If your bike hasn't been serviced in a while, a professional check-up to identify and fix suspension issues is a good idea. Not everything can be solved by tweaking the settings.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Leaving your compression clickers at maximum hardness isn't great for your forks long-term.[35]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Your forks need to be able to move to absorb impacts. If they're too stiff, a lot of energy is going to rattle through your bike.[36]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,449
How to Adjust the Tension on a Sewing Machine
1. Understanding Your Machine 1-1. Find the thread guides. The thread guides are the metal devices that help regulate tension. They are various loops that you run the thread through before looping it into your needle. They keep the thread from getting tangled and distribute the tension evenly from the spool to your fabric. 1-2. Find the tension discs and regulator. The tension discs and tension regulator together are called the tension assembly. The tension discs squeeze the thread as it passes between them, while the tension regulator controls the amount of pressure on the discs. The tension regulator is elementary: when adjusted to a higher number (turned clockwise), the discs move closer together, increasing the pressure. Turned to a lower number (counterclockwise), the discs move apart, decreasing pressure. On older machines there are only two tension discs, controlled by a screw or knob. On newer models there are three discs controlled by a dial or keypad on the front of the machine. Unless you have a newer machine that makes automatic upper-tension adjustments, using a thicker thread without resetting the dial will increase the pressure and cause the upper thread flow to decrease. 1-3. Find the bobbin. The flat bobbin-case spring exerts pressure on the thread as it comes out of the bobbin case. You can either have a loading drop in bobbin (you won’t have a bobbin case), or bottom loading with a bobbin case in a compartment below the needle. The amount of pressure on the bobbin is regulated by a small screw at the rear of the spring. Both the spring and screw are easy to locate when the machine has a separate bobbin case. When the machine has a drop-in bobbin with a built-in bobbin case, locating the tension screw can be more challenging but a little bit of searching will prove it’s there. In either case, to increase the resistance, use a small screwdriver to turn the screw clockwise (to a higher number) or counterclockwise (to a lower number). Turn the screw in small increments and never more than a quarter-turn between tests. 1-4. Understand tension. Tension is what keeps your bottom and top stitches in equal tension with one another. In other words, it is what keeps your front and back stitches looking the same. Both the top and bottom tension must work together in order to create consistent stitching. If your top and bottom stitches aren’t even, it may be due to your tension not being right on the top or bottom. Most domestic sewing machines are of the "lockstitch" variety. That means an upper thread and a lower thread "lock" together. When they don’t “lock” together properly, you could have an issue with the tension. 2. Ensuring Tension is Your Problem 2-1. Sew a test seam. Using a small swatch of fabric, run a couple of seams down the middle of the square. Observe the top and bottom surface of the seams, using a magnifying glass if need be. Remember you want your stitches to look even on both sides of your fabric. If the thread is so tight it’s causing the fabric to bunch around it or if the stitching is loose and falling apart, you might have an issue with the tension. If your stitches look perfect and your sewing machine is sewing wonderfully, don’t touch your tension knobs! 2-2. Identify your problem. You’ve sewn a test seam or two and you’ve inspected the seams. A perfect stitch will have threads locked midway between the two layers of cloth, with no loops on the top or bottom of the seam and no puckers in the cloth. An easy way to think of the thread balance is tug of war. You have your top thread and your bobbin thread pulling on each side. If they’re both pulling equally, the seam will be even and consistent. If one side is pulling too much, the thread from the other side will be visible. If the bobbin thread shows on the top side of the seam and the top thread is straight, the upper tension is too tight. If top thread shows on the underside of the seam and the lower thread is straight, the upper tension is too loose. 2-3. Inspect your machine. There are multiple problems that could be causing issues with your sewing machine that aren’t the tension. Make sure to check these possible causes before adjusting your tension knobs. Incorrectly threaded machine: Is all of the thread running through the thread guides? Is thread unwinding freely from the spool or is it catching? Is the bobbin inserted correctly? Dirty machine: Thread ends can get lodged between tension discs, around the bobbin case, and under the throat pale. This can cause an increase in resistance and restrict the thread flow. Check all of these areas to ensure they’re clear. Damaged machine parts: Bent needles and bobbins and rough or damaged surfaces on the needle eyes, thread guides, tension discs, take-up lever, throat plate, presser foot, bobbin case, or in the bobbin area can all cause problems. Give your machine a general inspection and remember that even the tiniest damage can distort tension. 2-4. Pay attention to your needles, threads, and fabrics. Different thread sizes on the top and in the bobbin can throw off your basic tension settings. A needle that is too large or too small can also unbalance your stitches. If you’re getting puckers on a lightweight fabric, trying shortening the stitch length to 1.75mm. All of these small details can wreak havoc on your project so make sure you’re detail-oriented when setting up your machine for a project. Polyester thread is a a true all-purpose thread, and it’s a good choice for most sewing projects. Wool thread, on the other hand, is very thick and if you were to use it, you'd have to adjust your tension. Common heavy duty fabrics include canvas and burlap while cotton and polyester are common fabrics with a standard weight. If you’re switching between heavy fabrics and something of a lighter weight, you’d have to adjust your tension to keep the stitches even. Needles come in various sizes for different purposes. There are thicker needles designed for denim that won’t break when they’re being used and thin needles that won’t damage thin, delicate fabrics. When buying needles, you can consult someone in the store to help you find the best option for your fabric. 3. Adjusting the Tension 3-1. Find your tension regulating dial. It will be in a different place on every machine so if you’re not sure which knob it is, you can check your sewing machine manual. If you don’t have a manual, it is the knob with numbers on it that doesn’t change your type or stitches or length. 3-2. Adjust your top tension if it’s too loose. To increase your top tension if it’s too loose, turn your knob so that the numbers are increasing. Try ½ to 1 number higher, then test the stitches on a piece of scrap fabric. Continue until it looks even on both sides and you can no longer see the bobbin thread on the right side of the fabric. If you are unable to get it completely even, proceed to adjusting the bobbin tension. 3-3. Adjust your top tension if it’s too tight. To decrease your top tension if it is too tight, turn your knob so the numbers are decreasing. Try ½ to 1 number lower, then test the stitches on a piece of scrap fabric. Continue until it looks even on both sides and you can no longer see the needle thread on the wrong side of the fabric. If you are unable to get it completely even, proceed to adjusting the bobbin tension. 3-4. Adjust your bobbin tension. You should always try to adjust your top tension first because you shouldn’t need to adjust your bobbin tension unless you are using a heavier or lighter thread than usual. If you’ve done that and still need to adjust the lower thread, locate your bobbin in either the top loading drop in bobbin (you won’t have a bobbin case), or bottom loading with a bobbin case. With a bottom loading bobbin, an easy way to test the tension is to take the thread hanging from your bobbin case in your hand. If it doesn’t unwind at all, your tension is too tight and needs to be loosened. If the thread unwinds with no effort, your tension is too loose and you’ll need to tighten it. You want to hold the thread and have it drop just a few inches. When that happens, your tension is perfect. Use a tiny screwdriver and turn the screw on the side of the bobbin case by ¼ turn. Turn it right to increase the tension and left to decrease it. Test the tension again. Repeat until the thread only drops a few inches. Similarly, with a top loading bobbin, you use a screwdriver and turn the screw by ¼ turn, testing your tension between each adjustment with a test seam on scrap fabric. The good old righty tighty lefty loosey applies in this situation as well. 3-5. Test your tension until it’s right. Keep sewing test patches until your tension is right and you’ve got even stitches on both sides. Once you’re happy with the tension, finish setting yourself up, and start your project! Tips Always remember to try your top tension first. In 90% of tension issues, it’s just the top tension that needs to be adjusted.[10] X Research source When you’re testing the tension with a seam, choose different color threads for the top and bobbin thread. Make sure the thread contrasts with your fabric. This will make everything much easier to see and will make your adjustments more accurate. Just remember to change to the right color thread before you’re ready to sew. It’s a good idea to start a tension log for your sewing machine. Just keep a notepad with the numbers written down for which tensions work with certain fabrics, threads, and needles. Note the brand, type, and size. This will make the adjusting process much simpler in the future.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:21", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Understanding Your Machine\\n1-1. Find the thread guides.\\nThe thread guides are the metal devices that help regulate tension. They are various loops that you run the thread through before looping it into your needle. They keep the thread from getting tangled and distribute the tension evenly from the spool to your fabric.\\n1-2. Find the tension discs and regulator.\\nThe tension discs and tension regulator together are called the tension assembly. The tension discs squeeze the thread as it passes between them, while the tension regulator controls the amount of pressure on the discs. The tension regulator is elementary: when adjusted to a higher number (turned clockwise), the discs move closer together, increasing the pressure. Turned to a lower number (counterclockwise), the discs move apart, decreasing pressure.\\nOn older machines there are only two tension discs, controlled by a screw or knob. On newer models there are three discs controlled by a dial or keypad on the front of the machine.\\nUnless you have a newer machine that makes automatic upper-tension adjustments, using a thicker thread without resetting the dial will increase the pressure and cause the upper thread flow to decrease.\\n1-3. Find the bobbin.\\nThe flat bobbin-case spring exerts pressure on the thread as it comes out of the bobbin case. You can either have a loading drop in bobbin (you won’t have a bobbin case), or bottom loading with a bobbin case in a compartment below the needle. The amount of pressure on the bobbin is regulated by a small screw at the rear of the spring.\\nBoth the spring and screw are easy to locate when the machine has a separate bobbin case. When the machine has a drop-in bobbin with a built-in bobbin case, locating the tension screw can be more challenging but a little bit of searching will prove it’s there.\\nIn either case, to increase the resistance, use a small screwdriver to turn the screw clockwise (to a higher number) or counterclockwise (to a lower number). Turn the screw in small increments and never more than a quarter-turn between tests.\\n1-4. Understand tension.\\nTension is what keeps your bottom and top stitches in equal tension with one another. In other words, it is what keeps your front and back stitches looking the same. Both the top and bottom tension must work together in order to create consistent stitching. If your top and bottom stitches aren’t even, it may be due to your tension not being right on the top or bottom.\\nMost domestic sewing machines are of the \\\"lockstitch\\\" variety. That means an upper thread and a lower thread \\\"lock\\\" together. When they don’t “lock” together properly, you could have an issue with the tension.\\n2. Ensuring Tension is Your Problem\\n2-1. Sew a test seam.\\nUsing a small swatch of fabric, run a couple of seams down the middle of the square. Observe the top and bottom surface of the seams, using a magnifying glass if need be.\\nRemember you want your stitches to look even on both sides of your fabric. If the thread is so tight it’s causing the fabric to bunch around it or if the stitching is loose and falling apart, you might have an issue with the tension.\\nIf your stitches look perfect and your sewing machine is sewing wonderfully, don’t touch your tension knobs!\\n2-2. Identify your problem.\\nYou’ve sewn a test seam or two and you’ve inspected the seams. A perfect stitch will have threads locked midway between the two layers of cloth, with no loops on the top or bottom of the seam and no puckers in the cloth.\\nAn easy way to think of the thread balance is tug of war. You have your top thread and your bobbin thread pulling on each side. If they’re both pulling equally, the seam will be even and consistent. If one side is pulling too much, the thread from the other side will be visible.\\nIf the bobbin thread shows on the top side of the seam and the top thread is straight, the upper tension is too tight. If top thread shows on the underside of the seam and the lower thread is straight, the upper tension is too loose.\\n2-3. Inspect your machine.\\nThere are multiple problems that could be causing issues with your sewing machine that aren’t the tension. Make sure to check these possible causes before adjusting your tension knobs.\\nIncorrectly threaded machine: Is all of the thread running through the thread guides? Is thread unwinding freely from the spool or is it catching? Is the bobbin inserted correctly?\\nDirty machine: Thread ends can get lodged between tension discs, around the bobbin case, and under the throat pale. This can cause an increase in resistance and restrict the thread flow. Check all of these areas to ensure they’re clear.\\nDamaged machine parts: Bent needles and bobbins and rough or damaged surfaces on the needle eyes, thread guides, tension discs, take-up lever, throat plate, presser foot, bobbin case, or in the bobbin area can all cause problems. Give your machine a general inspection and remember that even the tiniest damage can distort tension.\\n2-4. Pay attention to your needles, threads, and fabrics.\\nDifferent thread sizes on the top and in the bobbin can throw off your basic tension settings. A needle that is too large or too small can also unbalance your stitches. If you’re getting puckers on a lightweight fabric, trying shortening the stitch length to 1.75mm. All of these small details can wreak havoc on your project so make sure you’re detail-oriented when setting up your machine for a project.\\nPolyester thread is a a true all-purpose thread, and it’s a good choice for most sewing projects. Wool thread, on the other hand, is very thick and if you were to use it, you'd have to adjust your tension.\\nCommon heavy duty fabrics include canvas and burlap while cotton and polyester are common fabrics with a standard weight. If you’re switching between heavy fabrics and something of a lighter weight, you’d have to adjust your tension to keep the stitches even.\\nNeedles come in various sizes for different purposes. There are thicker needles designed for denim that won’t break when they’re being used and thin needles that won’t damage thin, delicate fabrics. When buying needles, you can consult someone in the store to help you find the best option for your fabric.\\n3. Adjusting the Tension\\n3-1. Find your tension regulating dial.\\nIt will be in a different place on every machine so if you’re not sure which knob it is, you can check your sewing machine manual. If you don’t have a manual, it is the knob with numbers on it that doesn’t change your type or stitches or length.\\n3-2. Adjust your top tension if it’s too loose.\\nTo increase your top tension if it’s too loose, turn your knob so that the numbers are increasing. Try ½ to 1 number higher, then test the stitches on a piece of scrap fabric. Continue until it looks even on both sides and you can no longer see the bobbin thread on the right side of the fabric.\\nIf you are unable to get it completely even, proceed to adjusting the bobbin tension.\\n3-3. Adjust your top tension if it’s too tight.\\nTo decrease your top tension if it is too tight, turn your knob so the numbers are decreasing. Try ½ to 1 number lower, then test the stitches on a piece of scrap fabric. Continue until it looks even on both sides and you can no longer see the needle thread on the wrong side of the fabric.\\nIf you are unable to get it completely even, proceed to adjusting the bobbin tension.\\n3-4. Adjust your bobbin tension.\\nYou should always try to adjust your top tension first because you shouldn’t need to adjust your bobbin tension unless you are using a heavier or lighter thread than usual. If you’ve done that and still need to adjust the lower thread, locate your bobbin in either the top loading drop in bobbin (you won’t have a bobbin case), or bottom loading with a bobbin case.\\nWith a bottom loading bobbin, an easy way to test the tension is to take the thread hanging from your bobbin case in your hand. If it doesn’t unwind at all, your tension is too tight and needs to be loosened. If the thread unwinds with no effort, your tension is too loose and you’ll need to tighten it. You want to hold the thread and have it drop just a few inches. When that happens, your tension is perfect.\\nUse a tiny screwdriver and turn the screw on the side of the bobbin case by ¼ turn. Turn it right to increase the tension and left to decrease it. Test the tension again. Repeat until the thread only drops a few inches.\\nSimilarly, with a top loading bobbin, you use a screwdriver and turn the screw by ¼ turn, testing your tension between each adjustment with a test seam on scrap fabric. The good old righty tighty lefty loosey applies in this situation as well.\\n3-5. Test your tension until it’s right.\\nKeep sewing test patches until your tension is right and you’ve got even stitches on both sides. Once you’re happy with the tension, finish setting yourself up, and start your project!\\nTips\\nAlways remember to try your top tension first. In 90% of tension issues, it’s just the top tension that needs to be adjusted.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWhen you’re testing the tension with a seam, choose different color threads for the top and bobbin thread. Make sure the thread contrasts with your fabric. This will make everything much easier to see and will make your adjustments more accurate. Just remember to change to the right color thread before you’re ready to sew.\\nIt’s a good idea to start a tension log for your sewing machine. Just keep a notepad with the numbers written down for which tensions work with certain fabrics, threads, and needles. Note the brand, type, and size. This will make the adjusting process much simpler in the future.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Having proper tension on your sewing machine is crucial because it ensures your stitching will be consistent and look the same on both sides. But, as important as correct tension is, even well versed sewers avoid the tension dials on their sewing machines. Adjusting the tension on a sewing machine can seem like a daunting task, however once you grasp a few basic concepts, there’s actually nothing very mysterious about setting and adjusting thread tensions on your sewing machine, whatever its make or model.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understanding Your Machine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the thread guides.\", \"描述\": \"The thread guides are the metal devices that help regulate tension. They are various loops that you run the thread through before looping it into your needle. They keep the thread from getting tangled and distribute the tension evenly from the spool to your fabric.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find the tension discs and regulator.\", \"描述\": \"The tension discs and tension regulator together are called the tension assembly. The tension discs squeeze the thread as it passes between them, while the tension regulator controls the amount of pressure on the discs. The tension regulator is elementary: when adjusted to a higher number (turned clockwise), the discs move closer together, increasing the pressure. Turned to a lower number (counterclockwise), the discs move apart, decreasing pressure.\\nOn older machines there are only two tension discs, controlled by a screw or knob. On newer models there are three discs controlled by a dial or keypad on the front of the machine.\\nUnless you have a newer machine that makes automatic upper-tension adjustments, using a thicker thread without resetting the dial will increase the pressure and cause the upper thread flow to decrease.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find the bobbin.\", \"描述\": \"The flat bobbin-case spring exerts pressure on the thread as it comes out of the bobbin case. You can either have a loading drop in bobbin (you won’t have a bobbin case), or bottom loading with a bobbin case in a compartment below the needle. The amount of pressure on the bobbin is regulated by a small screw at the rear of the spring.\\nBoth the spring and screw are easy to locate when the machine has a separate bobbin case. When the machine has a drop-in bobbin with a built-in bobbin case, locating the tension screw can be more challenging but a little bit of searching will prove it’s there.\\nIn either case, to increase the resistance, use a small screwdriver to turn the screw clockwise (to a higher number) or counterclockwise (to a lower number). Turn the screw in small increments and never more than a quarter-turn between tests.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Understand tension.\", \"描述\": \"Tension is what keeps your bottom and top stitches in equal tension with one another. In other words, it is what keeps your front and back stitches looking the same. Both the top and bottom tension must work together in order to create consistent stitching. If your top and bottom stitches aren’t even, it may be due to your tension not being right on the top or bottom.\\nMost domestic sewing machines are of the \\\"lockstitch\\\" variety. That means an upper thread and a lower thread \\\"lock\\\" together. When they don’t “lock” together properly, you could have an issue with the tension.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ensuring Tension is Your Problem\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sew a test seam.\", \"描述\": \"Using a small swatch of fabric, run a couple of seams down the middle of the square. Observe the top and bottom surface of the seams, using a magnifying glass if need be.\\nRemember you want your stitches to look even on both sides of your fabric. If the thread is so tight it’s causing the fabric to bunch around it or if the stitching is loose and falling apart, you might have an issue with the tension.\\nIf your stitches look perfect and your sewing machine is sewing wonderfully, don’t touch your tension knobs!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Identify your problem.\", \"描述\": \"You’ve sewn a test seam or two and you’ve inspected the seams. A perfect stitch will have threads locked midway between the two layers of cloth, with no loops on the top or bottom of the seam and no puckers in the cloth.\\nAn easy way to think of the thread balance is tug of war. You have your top thread and your bobbin thread pulling on each side. If they’re both pulling equally, the seam will be even and consistent. If one side is pulling too much, the thread from the other side will be visible.\\nIf the bobbin thread shows on the top side of the seam and the top thread is straight, the upper tension is too tight. If top thread shows on the underside of the seam and the lower thread is straight, the upper tension is too loose.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Inspect your machine.\", \"描述\": \"There are multiple problems that could be causing issues with your sewing machine that aren’t the tension. Make sure to check these possible causes before adjusting your tension knobs.\\nIncorrectly threaded machine: Is all of the thread running through the thread guides? Is thread unwinding freely from the spool or is it catching? Is the bobbin inserted correctly?\\nDirty machine: Thread ends can get lodged between tension discs, around the bobbin case, and under the throat pale. This can cause an increase in resistance and restrict the thread flow. Check all of these areas to ensure they’re clear.\\nDamaged machine parts: Bent needles and bobbins and rough or damaged surfaces on the needle eyes, thread guides, tension discs, take-up lever, throat plate, presser foot, bobbin case, or in the bobbin area can all cause problems. Give your machine a general inspection and remember that even the tiniest damage can distort tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pay attention to your needles, threads, and fabrics.\", \"描述\": \"Different thread sizes on the top and in the bobbin can throw off your basic tension settings. A needle that is too large or too small can also unbalance your stitches. If you’re getting puckers on a lightweight fabric, trying shortening the stitch length to 1.75mm. All of these small details can wreak havoc on your project so make sure you’re detail-oriented when setting up your machine for a project.\\nPolyester thread is a a true all-purpose thread, and it’s a good choice for most sewing projects. Wool thread, on the other hand, is very thick and if you were to use it, you'd have to adjust your tension.\\nCommon heavy duty fabrics include canvas and burlap while cotton and polyester are common fabrics with a standard weight. If you’re switching between heavy fabrics and something of a lighter weight, you’d have to adjust your tension to keep the stitches even.\\nNeedles come in various sizes for different purposes. There are thicker needles designed for denim that won’t break when they’re being used and thin needles that won’t damage thin, delicate fabrics. When buying needles, you can consult someone in the store to help you find the best option for your fabric.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjusting the Tension\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find your tension regulating dial.\", \"描述\": \"It will be in a different place on every machine so if you’re not sure which knob it is, you can check your sewing machine manual. If you don’t have a manual, it is the knob with numbers on it that doesn’t change your type or stitches or length.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjust your top tension if it’s too loose.\", \"描述\": \"To increase your top tension if it’s too loose, turn your knob so that the numbers are increasing. Try ½ to 1 number higher, then test the stitches on a piece of scrap fabric. Continue until it looks even on both sides and you can no longer see the bobbin thread on the right side of the fabric.\\nIf you are unable to get it completely even, proceed to adjusting the bobbin tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjust your top tension if it’s too tight.\", \"描述\": \"To decrease your top tension if it is too tight, turn your knob so the numbers are decreasing. Try ½ to 1 number lower, then test the stitches on a piece of scrap fabric. Continue until it looks even on both sides and you can no longer see the needle thread on the wrong side of the fabric.\\nIf you are unable to get it completely even, proceed to adjusting the bobbin tension.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adjust your bobbin tension.\", \"描述\": \"You should always try to adjust your top tension first because you shouldn’t need to adjust your bobbin tension unless you are using a heavier or lighter thread than usual. If you’ve done that and still need to adjust the lower thread, locate your bobbin in either the top loading drop in bobbin (you won’t have a bobbin case), or bottom loading with a bobbin case.\\nWith a bottom loading bobbin, an easy way to test the tension is to take the thread hanging from your bobbin case in your hand. If it doesn’t unwind at all, your tension is too tight and needs to be loosened. If the thread unwinds with no effort, your tension is too loose and you’ll need to tighten it. You want to hold the thread and have it drop just a few inches. When that happens, your tension is perfect.\\nUse a tiny screwdriver and turn the screw on the side of the bobbin case by ¼ turn. Turn it right to increase the tension and left to decrease it. Test the tension again. Repeat until the thread only drops a few inches.\\nSimilarly, with a top loading bobbin, you use a screwdriver and turn the screw by ¼ turn, testing your tension between each adjustment with a test seam on scrap fabric. The good old righty tighty lefty loosey applies in this situation as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Test your tension until it’s right.\", \"描述\": \"Keep sewing test patches until your tension is right and you’ve got even stitches on both sides. Once you’re happy with the tension, finish setting yourself up, and start your project!\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Always remember to try your top tension first. In 90% of tension issues, it’s just the top tension that needs to be adjusted.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"When you’re testing the tension with a seam, choose different color threads for the top and bobbin thread. Make sure the thread contrasts with your fabric. This will make everything much easier to see and will make your adjustments more accurate. Just remember to change to the right color thread before you’re ready to sew.\\n\", \"It’s a good idea to start a tension log for your sewing machine. Just keep a notepad with the numbers written down for which tensions work with certain fabrics, threads, and needles. Note the brand, type, and size. This will make the adjusting process much simpler in the future.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,450
How to Adjust the Time on a Rolex Replica
1. Setting the Time 1-1. Locate and release the crown. On the right side of a Rolex there is a small, circular dial called the “crown” that allows you to control the mechanism of the watch. Unscrew the crown and pull it out from the watch base. Once the crown is extended, it puts the watch in position to be wound to change the time. The crown dial is found in the same position on all Rolex models. 1-2. Pull the crown all the way out. After unscrewing and releasing the crown, make sure it is pulled out all the way. Pulling the crown out to its first position allows you to wind the watch to make sure it’s keeping accurate time, while the second position determines the day and display date and extending it fully to the third position lets you manipulate the hour and minute hands. If your Rolex replica has the wrong day displayed, make this change first, then proceed to adjust the time. Both hands of the watch will stop completely when the crown is pulled all the way out. On certain models, the display date can be changed from the third position. Otherwise, this position will only be used for adjusting the watch's exact time. 1-3. Rotate the crown to change the time. Now that the crown is in the proper position, rotate it clockwise to wind the gears inside the watch and change the position of the hour and minute hands. Twist the crown slowly so that you don’t overshoot the correct time. If you do wind it too far, you can rotate it counterclockwise until both hands are where they need to be. Rotating the crown counterclockwise also allows you to change the display date on some Rolex models. You may have to do a little testing to find out which position the crown on your particular model needs to be in to manipulate the date. 1-4. Secure the crown. If you’re satisfied that you have the correct time, return the crown to it’s original position by pushing it back into the base of the watch. Screw the crown into place to secure it. That’s it! Rolex watches are prized for their simple, intuitive design and ease of use, which is another reason they are so often imitated. Screw the crown back into its resting position to make sure it is completely secured. If not, the crown may accidentally enter another position and throw off the time or date of your display. Securing the crown on an authentic Rolex also forms a seal that keeps the watch waterproof. This may or may not be the case for a replica Rolex. 2. Keeping Your Rolex Replica Running Well 2-1. Wind it regularly. Mechanical watches need to be wound by hand periodically to ensure that the mechanical parts are being given enough kinetic energy to stay in motion and keep time accurately. Rolex technicians recommend winding their watches about 20 rotations once a month or so; if you’re using a knock-off, the watch will probably lose time faster and you might need to wind it more frequently. To wind a Rolex-style watch, unscrew and release the crown until it is in the first position. Don’t pull it out any further. The crown will then be ready to rotated, winding the watch’s mechanical innards. Wind the crown stem until you start to feel resistance, then push the crown back into place and screw to secure it. Wind your watch every few days to keep it from losing time. 2-2. Wear it more often. As a rule, the more you wear your watch, the better time it keeps. The kinetic energy generated by wearing the watch on your wrist as it moves is transferred to the watch to keep the gears running. Make sure your watch is getting plenty of wear, or you may find that it is becoming less accurate. If you’re not in the habit of wearing a watch, or are for some reason unable to, consider purchasing a watch-winder. Watch-winders are small devices that rotate your unworn watch continuously, mimicking natural motion. Leaving your watch on a watch-winder when you’re not wearing it can prevent it from losing time as quickly. 2-3. Get it serviced as needed. Watches, like cars and other mechanical appliances, require regular service. Take your Rolex replica to a watch specialist once or twice a year to have it inspected for mechanical flaws. A watch specialist can alter and replace springs, repair broken gears and keep the watch running like new. Watchmakers and specialists can usually identify tough to explain mechanical problems that might cause your watch to run poorly or stop altogether. Certain mechanical parts may wear out faster on replica models. It might be a good idea to get these parts replaced every so often. 2-4. Avoid exposing it to harsh conditions. Replica Rolexes, while fine watches in their own right, are not made to quite the same specifications as the real thing, and as a result are more easily upset or damaged. Try not to expose your watch to excess moisture, and be careful about dropping it or allowing it to absorb impact. Even if these things don’t break your watch outright, they may hinder the internal mechanics enough to render it unusable. Mechanical watches are also susceptible to changes in gravity, polar positioning and magnetism. They require greater care and upkeep than digital and satellite watches. If you’re planning any sort of dirty or physical activity, it may be best to leave your Rolex replica behind. These watches were designed more for casual wear, and while they may be more capable of withstanding a moderate amount of punishment, it’s better not to take chances.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:22", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Setting the Time\\n1-1. Locate and release the crown.\\nOn the right side of a Rolex there is a small, circular dial called the “crown” that allows you to control the mechanism of the watch. Unscrew the crown and pull it out from the watch base. Once the crown is extended, it puts the watch in position to be wound to change the time.\\nThe crown dial is found in the same position on all Rolex models.\\n1-2. Pull the crown all the way out.\\nAfter unscrewing and releasing the crown, make sure it is pulled out all the way. Pulling the crown out to its first position allows you to wind the watch to make sure it’s keeping accurate time, while the second position determines the day and display date and extending it fully to the third position lets you manipulate the hour and minute hands. If your Rolex replica has the wrong day displayed, make this change first, then proceed to adjust the time.\\nBoth hands of the watch will stop completely when the crown is pulled all the way out.\\nOn certain models, the display date can be changed from the third position. Otherwise, this position will only be used for adjusting the watch's exact time.\\n1-3. Rotate the crown to change the time.\\nNow that the crown is in the proper position, rotate it clockwise to wind the gears inside the watch and change the position of the hour and minute hands. Twist the crown slowly so that you don’t overshoot the correct time. If you do wind it too far, you can rotate it counterclockwise until both hands are where they need to be.\\nRotating the crown counterclockwise also allows you to change the display date on some Rolex models. You may have to do a little testing to find out which position the crown on your particular model needs to be in to manipulate the date.\\n1-4. Secure the crown.\\nIf you’re satisfied that you have the correct time, return the crown to it’s original position by pushing it back into the base of the watch. Screw the crown into place to secure it. That’s it! Rolex watches are prized for their simple, intuitive design and ease of use, which is another reason they are so often imitated.\\nScrew the crown back into its resting position to make sure it is completely secured. If not, the crown may accidentally enter another position and throw off the time or date of your display.\\nSecuring the crown on an authentic Rolex also forms a seal that keeps the watch waterproof. This may or may not be the case for a replica Rolex.\\n2. Keeping Your Rolex Replica Running Well\\n2-1. Wind it regularly.\\nMechanical watches need to be wound by hand periodically to ensure that the mechanical parts are being given enough kinetic energy to stay in motion and keep time accurately. Rolex technicians recommend winding their watches about 20 rotations once a month or so; if you’re using a knock-off, the watch will probably lose time faster and you might need to wind it more frequently.\\nTo wind a Rolex-style watch, unscrew and release the crown until it is in the first position. Don’t pull it out any further. The crown will then be ready to rotated, winding the watch’s mechanical innards. Wind the crown stem until you start to feel resistance, then push the crown back into place and screw to secure it.\\nWind your watch every few days to keep it from losing time.\\n2-2. Wear it more often.\\nAs a rule, the more you wear your watch, the better time it keeps. The kinetic energy generated by wearing the watch on your wrist as it moves is transferred to the watch to keep the gears running. Make sure your watch is getting plenty of wear, or you may find that it is becoming less accurate.\\nIf you’re not in the habit of wearing a watch, or are for some reason unable to, consider purchasing a watch-winder. Watch-winders are small devices that rotate your unworn watch continuously, mimicking natural motion. Leaving your watch on a watch-winder when you’re not wearing it can prevent it from losing time as quickly.\\n2-3. Get it serviced as needed.\\nWatches, like cars and other mechanical appliances, require regular service. Take your Rolex replica to a watch specialist once or twice a year to have it inspected for mechanical flaws. A watch specialist can alter and replace springs, repair broken gears and keep the watch running like new.\\nWatchmakers and specialists can usually identify tough to explain mechanical problems that might cause your watch to run poorly or stop altogether.\\nCertain mechanical parts may wear out faster on replica models. It might be a good idea to get these parts replaced every so often.\\n2-4. Avoid exposing it to harsh conditions.\\nReplica Rolexes, while fine watches in their own right, are not made to quite the same specifications as the real thing, and as a result are more easily upset or damaged. Try not to expose your watch to excess moisture, and be careful about dropping it or allowing it to absorb impact. Even if these things don’t break your watch outright, they may hinder the internal mechanics enough to render it unusable.\\nMechanical watches are also susceptible to changes in gravity, polar positioning and magnetism. They require greater care and upkeep than digital and satellite watches.\\nIf you’re planning any sort of dirty or physical activity, it may be best to leave your Rolex replica behind. These watches were designed more for casual wear, and while they may be more capable of withstanding a moderate amount of punishment, it’s better not to take chances.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Authentic Rolex watches are renowned for their excellence and craftsmanship, along with their simple, tasteful design, to the point that even their imitations are impressive watches in their own right. If a genuine Rolex watch is out of your price range, or if you’ve been fooled into buying a Rolex replica but decided to continue wearing it because of its surprising quality, you’ll be pleased to learn that the function and operation of a replica Rolex is essentially identical to that of the real thing when it comes to time setting.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Setting the Time\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate and release the crown.\", \"描述\": \"On the right side of a Rolex there is a small, circular dial called the “crown” that allows you to control the mechanism of the watch. Unscrew the crown and pull it out from the watch base. Once the crown is extended, it puts the watch in position to be wound to change the time.\\nThe crown dial is found in the same position on all Rolex models.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pull the crown all the way out.\", \"描述\": \"After unscrewing and releasing the crown, make sure it is pulled out all the way. Pulling the crown out to its first position allows you to wind the watch to make sure it’s keeping accurate time, while the second position determines the day and display date and extending it fully to the third position lets you manipulate the hour and minute hands. If your Rolex replica has the wrong day displayed, make this change first, then proceed to adjust the time.\\nBoth hands of the watch will stop completely when the crown is pulled all the way out.\\nOn certain models, the display date can be changed from the third position. Otherwise, this position will only be used for adjusting the watch's exact time.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rotate the crown to change the time.\", \"描述\": \"Now that the crown is in the proper position, rotate it clockwise to wind the gears inside the watch and change the position of the hour and minute hands. Twist the crown slowly so that you don’t overshoot the correct time. If you do wind it too far, you can rotate it counterclockwise until both hands are where they need to be.\\nRotating the crown counterclockwise also allows you to change the display date on some Rolex models. You may have to do a little testing to find out which position the crown on your particular model needs to be in to manipulate the date.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Secure the crown.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re satisfied that you have the correct time, return the crown to it’s original position by pushing it back into the base of the watch. Screw the crown into place to secure it. That’s it! Rolex watches are prized for their simple, intuitive design and ease of use, which is another reason they are so often imitated.\\nScrew the crown back into its resting position to make sure it is completely secured. If not, the crown may accidentally enter another position and throw off the time or date of your display.\\nSecuring the crown on an authentic Rolex also forms a seal that keeps the watch waterproof. This may or may not be the case for a replica Rolex.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keeping Your Rolex Replica Running Well\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wind it regularly.\", \"描述\": \"Mechanical watches need to be wound by hand periodically to ensure that the mechanical parts are being given enough kinetic energy to stay in motion and keep time accurately. Rolex technicians recommend winding their watches about 20 rotations once a month or so; if you’re using a knock-off, the watch will probably lose time faster and you might need to wind it more frequently.\\nTo wind a Rolex-style watch, unscrew and release the crown until it is in the first position. Don’t pull it out any further. The crown will then be ready to rotated, winding the watch’s mechanical innards. Wind the crown stem until you start to feel resistance, then push the crown back into place and screw to secure it.\\nWind your watch every few days to keep it from losing time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Wear it more often.\", \"描述\": \"As a rule, the more you wear your watch, the better time it keeps. The kinetic energy generated by wearing the watch on your wrist as it moves is transferred to the watch to keep the gears running. Make sure your watch is getting plenty of wear, or you may find that it is becoming less accurate.\\nIf you’re not in the habit of wearing a watch, or are for some reason unable to, consider purchasing a watch-winder. Watch-winders are small devices that rotate your unworn watch continuously, mimicking natural motion. Leaving your watch on a watch-winder when you’re not wearing it can prevent it from losing time as quickly.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get it serviced as needed.\", \"描述\": \"Watches, like cars and other mechanical appliances, require regular service. Take your Rolex replica to a watch specialist once or twice a year to have it inspected for mechanical flaws. A watch specialist can alter and replace springs, repair broken gears and keep the watch running like new.\\nWatchmakers and specialists can usually identify tough to explain mechanical problems that might cause your watch to run poorly or stop altogether.\\nCertain mechanical parts may wear out faster on replica models. It might be a good idea to get these parts replaced every so often.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid exposing it to harsh conditions.\", \"描述\": \"Replica Rolexes, while fine watches in their own right, are not made to quite the same specifications as the real thing, and as a result are more easily upset or damaged. Try not to expose your watch to excess moisture, and be careful about dropping it or allowing it to absorb impact. Even if these things don’t break your watch outright, they may hinder the internal mechanics enough to render it unusable.\\nMechanical watches are also susceptible to changes in gravity, polar positioning and magnetism. They require greater care and upkeep than digital and satellite watches.\\nIf you’re planning any sort of dirty or physical activity, it may be best to leave your Rolex replica behind. These watches were designed more for casual wear, and while they may be more capable of withstanding a moderate amount of punishment, it’s better not to take chances.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,451
How to Adjust the Truss Rod on a Guitar
1. Checking Neck Relief 1-1. Tune Use the strings and tuning you normally use when you play to make sure you get your neck relief right. Different gauges of strings may call for additional adjustment. You don't have to take off the strings to adjust your truss rod. In fact, you need them on and tuned to the correct pitch to make sure you get the relief correct. If you adjust a truss rod without the strings on, your adjustment will be off when you put the strings back on. Your strings exert pressure on the neck of your guitar that will gradually cause it to bow more. Even if your neck relief was good for you when you first bought your guitar, it can change over time. 1-2. Sight the neck to determine if it's straight. Lay your guitar flat on a table or sit and hold it with the base of your guitar resting on your foot. Then, close one eye and peer down the neck of your guitar from the headstock. You'll be able to see if it's bowed outward or inward. This will give you some idea of where to start with adjusting the relief. Don't worry if you haven't done this before and you don't know exactly what you're looking for. Sighting the neck simply gives you a general idea of the condition of the neck of your guitar and its overall straightness. 1-3. Attach capos to the 1st and 15th frets. Using 2 capos to clamp the strings eliminates the issue of added string height from the nut (at the top) and the bridge (at the bottom). This allows you to use your strings as a straight edge, which makes it less complicated to measure your neck relief. If you have a shorter scale guitar, you might not be able to get a capo on the 15th fret. Place your second capo on the fret closest to the body of the guitar where you can fit a capo. If you don't have 2 capos, you can also fret the low E string at the 1st and 15th frets to get the same result. However, you'll likely need another set of hands to take the measurement. 1-4. Measure the gap between the string and the 7th fret. Use your feeler gauges to determine the gap between the 6th string of your guitar and the 7th fret. Feeler gauges are thin strips of metal, each marked with a particular width. Start with the one where you want your relief to be (use 0.007 inches (0.18 mm) if you're not sure). If it fits snugly between the string and the top of the fret, your relief is just fine. If the feeler gauge encounters resistance or won't fit at all between the string and the top of the fret, you likely need to increase your neck relief. On the other hand, if there's still space between the string and the top of the fret after you insert the feeler gauge, you need to decrease your relief. 2. Correcting Neck Relief 2-1. Remove the truss rod cover if necessary. Generally, you can access your truss rod in the headstock of your guitar. Some guitars have a small plate that screws in over top to cover the access point. If your guitar has one of these covers, remove it to get to the truss rod. With some acoustic guitars, you can only adjust the truss rod through the soundhole. If you don't see a cover or a notch for the truss rod in the headstock, look through the soundhole towards the neck to spot the truss rod. 2-2. Fit the appropriate hex key to turn your truss rod. If you have a new guitar, it likely came with a truss rod key. Unfortunately, if you bought your guitar used, this tool might be missing. Check the case and see if you've got one. If not, look at the top of the truss rod and try to figure out what size tool you need. Truss rod keys aren't standard. If you have a key for the truss rod of another guitar, it might not fit — even if the guitars come from the same manufacturer. Make sure the tool you're using fits snugly and doesn't slip. Otherwise, you could strip your truss rod. 2-3. Turn the truss rod no more than 1/8 of a turn. A tiny adjustment can make a huge difference when you're adjusting a truss rod. Give it a slight turn to the left to loosen it a little so it'll be easier to turn. Then turn it 1/8 of a turn clockwise if you want to decrease the relief, or counter-clockwise if you want to increase the relief. It can be hard to guess how much of a turn you're giving the truss rod if you don't have a lot of experience making these kinds of minute adjustments. It might be easier for you to think of 1/8 as half of a quarter turn. 2-4. Retune your guitar and check the relief. It's possible that your adjustments have caused your guitar to fall out of tune. Check to make sure, then clamp your strings down at the 1st and 15th fret (or whichever higher fret you used before) and check the relief with your feeler gauge. If you find that you've gone too far, you'll have to adjust the truss rod back in the other direction. It's also worth taking a little time to play your guitar and see how it feels. Neck relief is a personal thing. If it feels right for you to play, you may not need to make any further adjustments, even if the measurement isn't exactly what you thought you wanted. It's completely up to you. 2-5. Adjust the truss rod another 1/8 turn or less if necessary. You don't want to turn your truss rod more than a 1/4 turn at a time. However, if your measurements showed that you still don't have the relief that you want, you still have room to make a second adjustment to get it closer to right. Go slow and don't force it — you could damage your guitar. A tiny adjustment is all it takes. These adjustments can take some time to get right, so don't beat yourself up if you didn't get it right on the first try — especially if you've never adjusted a truss rod before. 2-6. Check your relief again after 24 hours. The neck of your guitar takes time to settle, so you might not get the full effect when you check it immediately after adjusting the truss rod. Leave it alone for a day, then check the relief again and make another adjustment if necessary. Avoid moving your guitar during this period. Changes in temperature and humidity can impact the truss rod adjustment you've made. Tips If you've recently traveled with your guitar, give it 2-4 hours to acclimate to the space before you attempt to adjust the truss rod. Any problems brought on by varying temperature and humidity levels may correct themselves in this time.[15] X Research source If you want to change the gauge of your strings, you will likely need to adjust the truss rod again so the neck relief suits those strings.[16] X Research source Get your tools together before you start work. You can get basic tools online or at your local hardware store. You can also buy specialized luthier tools from a guitar shop, but you'll probably end up spending a little more money. Warnings If you don't feel confident adjusting your truss rod or are worried about damaging your guitar, take it to an experienced luthier. If your truss rod won't turn at all, take it to an experienced luthier rather than trying to force it.[17] X Research source The neck of your guitar is slow to adjust, so the full effect of a truss rod adjustment may not be immediate. Don't turn your truss rod more than a quarter turn in any 24-hour period. Then, check your relief and adjust again as necessary.[18] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:22", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Checking Neck Relief\\n1-1. Tune\\nUse the strings and tuning you normally use when you play to make sure you get your neck relief right. Different gauges of strings may call for additional adjustment.\\nYou don't have to take off the strings to adjust your truss rod. In fact, you need them on and tuned to the correct pitch to make sure you get the relief correct. If you adjust a truss rod without the strings on, your adjustment will be off when you put the strings back on.\\nYour strings exert pressure on the neck of your guitar that will gradually cause it to bow more. Even if your neck relief was good for you when you first bought your guitar, it can change over time.\\n1-2. Sight the neck to determine if it's straight.\\nLay your guitar flat on a table or sit and hold it with the base of your guitar resting on your foot. Then, close one eye and peer down the neck of your guitar from the headstock. You'll be able to see if it's bowed outward or inward. This will give you some idea of where to start with adjusting the relief.\\nDon't worry if you haven't done this before and you don't know exactly what you're looking for. Sighting the neck simply gives you a general idea of the condition of the neck of your guitar and its overall straightness.\\n1-3. Attach capos to the 1st and 15th frets.\\nUsing 2 capos to clamp the strings eliminates the issue of added string height from the nut (at the top) and the bridge (at the bottom). This allows you to use your strings as a straight edge, which makes it less complicated to measure your neck relief.\\nIf you have a shorter scale guitar, you might not be able to get a capo on the 15th fret. Place your second capo on the fret closest to the body of the guitar where you can fit a capo.\\nIf you don't have 2 capos, you can also fret the low E string at the 1st and 15th frets to get the same result. However, you'll likely need another set of hands to take the measurement.\\n1-4. Measure the gap between the string and the 7th fret.\\nUse your feeler gauges to determine the gap between the 6th string of your guitar and the 7th fret. Feeler gauges are thin strips of metal, each marked with a particular width. Start with the one where you want your relief to be (use 0.007 inches (0.18 mm) if you're not sure). If it fits snugly between the string and the top of the fret, your relief is just fine.\\nIf the feeler gauge encounters resistance or won't fit at all between the string and the top of the fret, you likely need to increase your neck relief.\\nOn the other hand, if there's still space between the string and the top of the fret after you insert the feeler gauge, you need to decrease your relief.\\n2. Correcting Neck Relief\\n2-1. Remove the truss rod cover if necessary.\\nGenerally, you can access your truss rod in the headstock of your guitar. Some guitars have a small plate that screws in over top to cover the access point. If your guitar has one of these covers, remove it to get to the truss rod.\\nWith some acoustic guitars, you can only adjust the truss rod through the soundhole. If you don't see a cover or a notch for the truss rod in the headstock, look through the soundhole towards the neck to spot the truss rod.\\n2-2. Fit the appropriate hex key to turn your truss rod.\\nIf you have a new guitar, it likely came with a truss rod key. Unfortunately, if you bought your guitar used, this tool might be missing. Check the case and see if you've got one. If not, look at the top of the truss rod and try to figure out what size tool you need.\\nTruss rod keys aren't standard. If you have a key for the truss rod of another guitar, it might not fit — even if the guitars come from the same manufacturer.\\nMake sure the tool you're using fits snugly and doesn't slip. Otherwise, you could strip your truss rod.\\n2-3. Turn the truss rod no more than 1/8 of a turn.\\nA tiny adjustment can make a huge difference when you're adjusting a truss rod. Give it a slight turn to the left to loosen it a little so it'll be easier to turn. Then turn it 1/8 of a turn clockwise if you want to decrease the relief, or counter-clockwise if you want to increase the relief.\\nIt can be hard to guess how much of a turn you're giving the truss rod if you don't have a lot of experience making these kinds of minute adjustments. It might be easier for you to think of 1/8 as half of a quarter turn.\\n2-4. Retune your guitar and check the relief.\\nIt's possible that your adjustments have caused your guitar to fall out of tune. Check to make sure, then clamp your strings down at the 1st and 15th fret (or whichever higher fret you used before) and check the relief with your feeler gauge.\\nIf you find that you've gone too far, you'll have to adjust the truss rod back in the other direction.\\nIt's also worth taking a little time to play your guitar and see how it feels. Neck relief is a personal thing. If it feels right for you to play, you may not need to make any further adjustments, even if the measurement isn't exactly what you thought you wanted. It's completely up to you.\\n2-5. Adjust the truss rod another 1/8 turn or less if necessary.\\nYou don't want to turn your truss rod more than a 1/4 turn at a time. However, if your measurements showed that you still don't have the relief that you want, you still have room to make a second adjustment to get it closer to right.\\nGo slow and don't force it — you could damage your guitar. A tiny adjustment is all it takes.\\nThese adjustments can take some time to get right, so don't beat yourself up if you didn't get it right on the first try — especially if you've never adjusted a truss rod before.\\n2-6. Check your relief again after 24 hours.\\nThe neck of your guitar takes time to settle, so you might not get the full effect when you check it immediately after adjusting the truss rod. Leave it alone for a day, then check the relief again and make another adjustment if necessary.\\nAvoid moving your guitar during this period. Changes in temperature and humidity can impact the truss rod adjustment you've made.\\nTips\\nIf you've recently traveled with your guitar, give it 2-4 hours to acclimate to the space before you attempt to adjust the truss rod. Any problems brought on by varying temperature and humidity levels may correct themselves in this time.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf you want to change the gauge of your strings, you will likely need to adjust the truss rod again so the neck relief suits those strings.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nGet your tools together before you start work. You can get basic tools online or at your local hardware store. You can also buy specialized luthier tools from a guitar shop, but you'll probably end up spending a little more money.\\nWarnings\\nIf you don't feel confident adjusting your truss rod or are worried about damaging your guitar, take it to an experienced luthier.\\nIf your truss rod won't turn at all, take it to an experienced luthier rather than trying to force it.[17]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nThe neck of your guitar is slow to adjust, so the full effect of a truss rod adjustment may not be immediate. Don't turn your truss rod more than a quarter turn in any 24-hour period. Then, check your relief and adjust again as necessary.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Adjusting the truss rod of your guitar alters your guitar's neck relief — the amount of bow in the neck, measured by the distance between the strings and the frets. Some bow is necessary for a guitar to play well, but you don't want it to be bowed too much. While the amount of relief is a matter of personal preference, most guitars play well with a relief somewhere between 0.008 and 0.015 inches (0.20 and 0.38 mm). Adjusting the truss rod is not overly complex. However, if you don't have a working familiarity with the parts of your guitar and how they work together, take your guitar to an experienced guitar tech or luthier rather than attempting to make this adjustment yourself.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Checking Neck Relief\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tune\", \"描述\": \"Use the strings and tuning you normally use when you play to make sure you get your neck relief right. Different gauges of strings may call for additional adjustment.\\nYou don't have to take off the strings to adjust your truss rod. In fact, you need them on and tuned to the correct pitch to make sure you get the relief correct. If you adjust a truss rod without the strings on, your adjustment will be off when you put the strings back on.\\nYour strings exert pressure on the neck of your guitar that will gradually cause it to bow more. Even if your neck relief was good for you when you first bought your guitar, it can change over time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sight the neck to determine if it's straight.\", \"描述\": \"Lay your guitar flat on a table or sit and hold it with the base of your guitar resting on your foot. Then, close one eye and peer down the neck of your guitar from the headstock. You'll be able to see if it's bowed outward or inward. This will give you some idea of where to start with adjusting the relief.\\nDon't worry if you haven't done this before and you don't know exactly what you're looking for. Sighting the neck simply gives you a general idea of the condition of the neck of your guitar and its overall straightness.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Attach capos to the 1st and 15th frets.\", \"描述\": \"Using 2 capos to clamp the strings eliminates the issue of added string height from the nut (at the top) and the bridge (at the bottom). This allows you to use your strings as a straight edge, which makes it less complicated to measure your neck relief.\\nIf you have a shorter scale guitar, you might not be able to get a capo on the 15th fret. Place your second capo on the fret closest to the body of the guitar where you can fit a capo.\\nIf you don't have 2 capos, you can also fret the low E string at the 1st and 15th frets to get the same result. However, you'll likely need another set of hands to take the measurement.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Measure the gap between the string and the 7th fret.\", \"描述\": \"Use your feeler gauges to determine the gap between the 6th string of your guitar and the 7th fret. Feeler gauges are thin strips of metal, each marked with a particular width. Start with the one where you want your relief to be (use 0.007 inches (0.18 mm) if you're not sure). If it fits snugly between the string and the top of the fret, your relief is just fine.\\nIf the feeler gauge encounters resistance or won't fit at all between the string and the top of the fret, you likely need to increase your neck relief.\\nOn the other hand, if there's still space between the string and the top of the fret after you insert the feeler gauge, you need to decrease your relief.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Correcting Neck Relief\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the truss rod cover if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Generally, you can access your truss rod in the headstock of your guitar. Some guitars have a small plate that screws in over top to cover the access point. If your guitar has one of these covers, remove it to get to the truss rod.\\nWith some acoustic guitars, you can only adjust the truss rod through the soundhole. If you don't see a cover or a notch for the truss rod in the headstock, look through the soundhole towards the neck to spot the truss rod.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fit the appropriate hex key to turn your truss rod.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a new guitar, it likely came with a truss rod key. Unfortunately, if you bought your guitar used, this tool might be missing. Check the case and see if you've got one. If not, look at the top of the truss rod and try to figure out what size tool you need.\\nTruss rod keys aren't standard. If you have a key for the truss rod of another guitar, it might not fit — even if the guitars come from the same manufacturer.\\nMake sure the tool you're using fits snugly and doesn't slip. Otherwise, you could strip your truss rod.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the truss rod no more than 1/8 of a turn.\", \"描述\": \"A tiny adjustment can make a huge difference when you're adjusting a truss rod. Give it a slight turn to the left to loosen it a little so it'll be easier to turn. Then turn it 1/8 of a turn clockwise if you want to decrease the relief, or counter-clockwise if you want to increase the relief.\\nIt can be hard to guess how much of a turn you're giving the truss rod if you don't have a lot of experience making these kinds of minute adjustments. It might be easier for you to think of 1/8 as half of a quarter turn.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Retune your guitar and check the relief.\", \"描述\": \"It's possible that your adjustments have caused your guitar to fall out of tune. Check to make sure, then clamp your strings down at the 1st and 15th fret (or whichever higher fret you used before) and check the relief with your feeler gauge.\\nIf you find that you've gone too far, you'll have to adjust the truss rod back in the other direction.\\nIt's also worth taking a little time to play your guitar and see how it feels. Neck relief is a personal thing. If it feels right for you to play, you may not need to make any further adjustments, even if the measurement isn't exactly what you thought you wanted. It's completely up to you.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Adjust the truss rod another 1/8 turn or less if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"You don't want to turn your truss rod more than a 1/4 turn at a time. However, if your measurements showed that you still don't have the relief that you want, you still have room to make a second adjustment to get it closer to right.\\nGo slow and don't force it — you could damage your guitar. A tiny adjustment is all it takes.\\nThese adjustments can take some time to get right, so don't beat yourself up if you didn't get it right on the first try — especially if you've never adjusted a truss rod before.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Check your relief again after 24 hours.\", \"描述\": \"The neck of your guitar takes time to settle, so you might not get the full effect when you check it immediately after adjusting the truss rod. Leave it alone for a day, then check the relief again and make another adjustment if necessary.\\nAvoid moving your guitar during this period. Changes in temperature and humidity can impact the truss rod adjustment you've made.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you've recently traveled with your guitar, give it 2-4 hours to acclimate to the space before you attempt to adjust the truss rod. Any problems brought on by varying temperature and humidity levels may correct themselves in this time.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If you want to change the gauge of your strings, you will likely need to adjust the truss rod again so the neck relief suits those strings.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Get your tools together before you start work. You can get basic tools online or at your local hardware store. You can also buy specialized luthier tools from a guitar shop, but you'll probably end up spending a little more money.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you don't feel confident adjusting your truss rod or are worried about damaging your guitar, take it to an experienced luthier.\\n\", \"If your truss rod won't turn at all, take it to an experienced luthier rather than trying to force it.[17]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"The neck of your guitar is slow to adjust, so the full effect of a truss rod adjustment may not be immediate. Don't turn your truss rod more than a quarter turn in any 24-hour period. Then, check your relief and adjust again as necessary.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,452
How to Adjust the Valves on a Royal Enfield Motorcycle
1. Steps 1-1. Use the kickstarter, with the motor cold. Notice as you do whether the kicker just goes down without encountering very hard compression. If so, the valves may be too tight. If, part way down, the kicker comes to a point it takes effort to push past, the valves are not too tight. Now we have to find out if they are too loose. 1-2. Start and ride the motorcycle. If the valves do not clatter more than seems reasonable, they are fine. If there's a racket, they're too loose. Now that the motor is warmed up, we're ready to adjust them. 1-3. Set the piston at Top Dead Center just as you do to start the motorcycle. Watching for the instant the amp meter flicks back to center is a good way to do this (remember, the ignition switch and the kill switch have to be "on" for the amp meter to work). 1-4. Open the tappet cover and remove the spindle that holds it. That will give you more room to swing wrenches. 1-5. Try rotating each push rod with your thumb. You should be able to just make them turn. If you can not make them move they are too tight. If you can make them spin freely, they are too loose. 1-6. Back off the lock nut on the valve you want to adjust. You have to hold the top adjustment nut while you do this. 1-7. Put one wrench on the top adjustment nut to hold it still. Put another wrench on the bottom adjustment nut. Turn the bottom nut counter-clockwise as viewed from above to loosen the valve. To tighten the valve, turn the bottom adjustment nut clockwise as viewed from above. Simple. When satisfied, tighten the lock nut. 1-8. Now do it all again because tightening the lock nut will make the valve tighter! Sorry, that's just the way it is, we're not dealing with computer chips here. Getting the adjusters to just the right point where snugging up the lock night brings them to perfection takes even an expert a few tries. 1-9. Start the motorcycle and go for a test ride. This is a matter of error and trial. Don't set the valves the night before and wait to test them until your mates arrive for the big ride the next morning! Tips The tappet cover has a notch from inside which need to be on the right-bottom side while fitting the tappet cover back. The lock nuts do not have to be witchy tight. A little bit of "snug" is usually adequate. The exhaust tappet should have .004in clearance, and the intake .002in. Warnings The tappet cover on a Royal Enfield motorcycle is meant to be removed repeatedly. Do not glue down the gasket or over-tighten the cover itself. Vintage Royal Enfields actually had wing nuts holding the tappet cover on so that it could be removed without a wrench. Naturally, you burned your fingertips when you did that. Vintage motorcyclists were stout fellows. Since you will be using a wrench to remove the tappet cover, be careful not to nick the cooling fins. They are delicate and they will break. A bit of black paint usually disguises the damage adequately.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:22", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Use the kickstarter, with the motor cold.\\nNotice as you do whether the kicker just goes down without encountering very hard compression. If so, the valves may be too tight. If, part way down, the kicker comes to a point it takes effort to push past, the valves are not too tight. Now we have to find out if they are too loose.\\n1-2. Start and ride the motorcycle.\\nIf the valves do not clatter more than seems reasonable, they are fine. If there's a racket, they're too loose. Now that the motor is warmed up, we're ready to adjust them.\\n1-3. Set the piston at Top Dead Center just as you do to start the motorcycle.\\nWatching for the instant the amp meter flicks back to center is a good way to do this (remember, the ignition switch and the kill switch have to be \\\"on\\\" for the amp meter to work).\\n1-4. Open the tappet cover and remove the spindle that holds it.\\nThat will give you more room to swing wrenches.\\n1-5. Try rotating each push rod with your thumb.\\nYou should be able to just make them turn. If you can not make them move they are too tight. If you can make them spin freely, they are too loose.\\n1-6. Back off the lock nut on the valve you want to adjust.\\nYou have to hold the top adjustment nut while you do this.\\n1-7. Put one wrench on the top adjustment nut to hold it still.\\nPut another wrench on the bottom adjustment nut. Turn the bottom nut counter-clockwise as viewed from above to loosen the valve. To tighten the valve, turn the bottom adjustment nut clockwise as viewed from above. Simple. When satisfied, tighten the lock nut.\\n1-8. Now do it all again because tightening the lock nut will make the valve tighter!\\nSorry, that's just the way it is, we're not dealing with computer chips here. Getting the adjusters to just the right point where snugging up the lock night brings them to perfection takes even an expert a few tries.\\n1-9. Start the motorcycle and go for a test ride.\\nThis is a matter of error and trial. Don't set the valves the night before and wait to test them until your mates arrive for the big ride the next morning!\\nTips\\nThe tappet cover has a notch from inside which need to be on the right-bottom side while fitting the tappet cover back.\\nThe lock nuts do not have to be witchy tight. A little bit of \\\"snug\\\" is usually adequate.\\nThe exhaust tappet should have .004in clearance, and the intake .002in.\\nWarnings\\nThe tappet cover on a Royal Enfield motorcycle is meant to be removed repeatedly. Do not glue down the gasket or over-tighten the cover itself. Vintage Royal Enfields actually had wing nuts holding the tappet cover on so that it could be removed without a wrench. Naturally, you burned your fingertips when you did that. Vintage motorcyclists were stout fellows.\\nSince you will be using a wrench to remove the tappet cover, be careful not to nick the cooling fins. They are delicate and they will break. A bit of black paint usually disguises the damage adequately.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The single most common maintenance chore unique to the Royal Enfield motorcycle is adjusting the valves or tappets. There is nothing good about noisy valves. Valves that are too loose, or too tight, can be damaged. Let's make adjusting the valves as simple as it can possibly be.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use the kickstarter, with the motor cold.\", \"描述\": \"Notice as you do whether the kicker just goes down without encountering very hard compression. If so, the valves may be too tight. If, part way down, the kicker comes to a point it takes effort to push past, the valves are not too tight. Now we have to find out if they are too loose.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start and ride the motorcycle.\", \"描述\": \"If the valves do not clatter more than seems reasonable, they are fine. If there's a racket, they're too loose. Now that the motor is warmed up, we're ready to adjust them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set the piston at Top Dead Center just as you do to start the motorcycle.\", \"描述\": \"Watching for the instant the amp meter flicks back to center is a good way to do this (remember, the ignition switch and the kill switch have to be \\\"on\\\" for the amp meter to work).\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Open the tappet cover and remove the spindle that holds it.\", \"描述\": \"That will give you more room to swing wrenches.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Try rotating each push rod with your thumb.\", \"描述\": \"You should be able to just make them turn. If you can not make them move they are too tight. If you can make them spin freely, they are too loose.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Back off the lock nut on the valve you want to adjust.\", \"描述\": \"You have to hold the top adjustment nut while you do this.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Put one wrench on the top adjustment nut to hold it still.\", \"描述\": \"Put another wrench on the bottom adjustment nut. Turn the bottom nut counter-clockwise as viewed from above to loosen the valve. To tighten the valve, turn the bottom adjustment nut clockwise as viewed from above. Simple. When satisfied, tighten the lock nut.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Now do it all again because tightening the lock nut will make the valve tighter!\", \"描述\": \"Sorry, that's just the way it is, we're not dealing with computer chips here. Getting the adjusters to just the right point where snugging up the lock night brings them to perfection takes even an expert a few tries.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Start the motorcycle and go for a test ride.\", \"描述\": \"This is a matter of error and trial. Don't set the valves the night before and wait to test them until your mates arrive for the big ride the next morning!\"}], \"小提示\": [\"The tappet cover has a notch from inside which need to be on the right-bottom side while fitting the tappet cover back.\\n\", \"The lock nuts do not have to be witchy tight. A little bit of \\\"snug\\\" is usually adequate.\\n\", \"The exhaust tappet should have .004in clearance, and the intake .002in.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"The tappet cover on a Royal Enfield motorcycle is meant to be removed repeatedly. Do not glue down the gasket or over-tighten the cover itself. Vintage Royal Enfields actually had wing nuts holding the tappet cover on so that it could be removed without a wrench. Naturally, you burned your fingertips when you did that. Vintage motorcyclists were stout fellows.\\n\", \"Since you will be using a wrench to remove the tappet cover, be careful not to nick the cooling fins. They are delicate and they will break. A bit of black paint usually disguises the damage adequately.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,453
How to Adjust the Water Level in Toilet Bowl
1. Adjusting a Ball-and-Arm Float 1-1. Remove the toilet tank lid. Lift the lid off of the tank and set it aside on a flat, stable surface. You’ll now have access to the flushing mechanisms inside the tank. Be careful not to drop the lid or set it somewhere from which it might fall. Toilet tank lids are made of ceramic and can break fairly easily. 1-2. Take note of the water level inside the tank. The water in the tank should rest 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) below the fill valve and overflow tube (the large open pipe near the center of the tank). If it seems higher or lower than this level, your water level may be off-balance. Your toilet may also have a line in its tank, either printed on or etched in porcelain, that shows you where the water level should be. 1-3. Turn off Locate the external water valve on the wall behind and beneath the toilet. Rotate the oblong knob clockwise as far as it will go, then flush the toilet. After it flushes, the tank will not refill itself. This will allow you to work inside the tank unobstructed. Keep turning the knob until you hear the water stop running. Do not attempt to adjust or repair any of the mechanisms inside the toilet tank without emptying it first. 1-4. Examine the float and fill valve. Look over the flushing mechanisms to see what kind of condition they’re in. If you notice any obvious damage or defects, you might need to call a professional to have the part repaired. 1-5. Examine the toilet tank's float height. Check the toilet tank’s float, a plastic ball attached to a long arm at the top of the fill valve. The height of the float determines how much water remains in the tank after it refills. It should be at the water level if it is not broken. If the float appears too high or low, adjust the float height and when you refill the tank, check how it changes the water level. If it is above or below the water level, this may be the source of your high/low water level. Give the float a shake. If you can hear water inside of it, you should have a plumber replace it. Make sure the float is properly connected to the fill valve. 1-6. Use a screwdriver to raise or lower the float height. Directly on top of the fill valve should be a single screw. Turn this screw clockwise or counterclockwise 1 full rotation. Clockwise will raise the water level and counterclockwise will lower it. Avoid turning the screw more than 1 full rotation at a time. Doing too large of an adjustment at once could cause the toilet to flush inconsistently. If the screw is too rusty to turn, you can adjust the float by simply turning it. It is threaded to the metal rod the connects directly to the fill valve. 1-7. Flush the toilet to test the water level. Turn the water to the toilet back on and give the tank a minute or 2 to fill up. After you’ve flushed the toilet, observe the water level in the bowl. Ideally, the bowl should be about halfway full. If the water in the bowl still looks too high or low, empty the tank and try adjusting the float again until you get it right. Call a plumber if the water level is still off after adjusting the float several times. 2. Adjusting a Cylinder Float 2-1. Identify the cylinder float. Some newer toilets are equipped with more modern one-piece floats (also sometimes known as “floating cups”) instead of the older ball-and-arm design. These types of floats have been engineered as solid cylinders fitted to the shaft of the fill valve itself. If you have a fill valve with a cylinder float, you can adjust the water level in your toilet in just a few seconds. Cylinder valves are easy to install, remove and perform maintenance on, and more user-friendly for individuals less experienced with home repairs. 2-2. Lift off the toilet tank lid. Remove the lid from the tank and set it aside on a flat surface, like a table. Be careful not to drop the lid or set it near the edge of a surface, as most toilet lids are ceramic and break easily. After the toilet lid is removed, check the water level—if it seems higher or lower than 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) below the fill valve and overflow tube, it may need adjustments. 2-3. Turn off the water supply before you work on the float. Locate the external water valve on the wall—it should be behind your toilet, beneath the bowl. Rotate the knob clockwise as far as it will go. When it won't go any farther, flush the toilet and continue flushing until the tank is empty. 2-4. Locate the adjustment stem on the side of the float. The adjustment stem is a long, slender tube that connects to the larger fill valve. In most models, it will either run parallel with the valve or extend horizontally out from the top. The adjustment stem is used to increase or decrease the amount of water in the tank. Familiarize yourself with the mechanisms inside your toilet tank before making any drastic changes. Refer to the instruction manual or manufacturer's website if available. 2-5. Check for a release clip on the float. Some cylinder floats can be positioned by squeezing a release clip on the float itself and raising or lowering it to the desired height. Raising the dial will raise the water level, and lowering it should lower the water level. If your float has a release clip, squeeze it to adjust it to the desired height. If not, however, you will need to locate the toilet's adjustment dial. 2-6. Raise or lower the float ⁄2 inch (1.3 cm). Use 2 fingers to grasp the notched dial on the end of the stem. Twist the stem clockwise or counterclockwise a full rotation—clockwise to lower the height or counterclockwise to raise it. Once you’ve found a suitable height for the float, replace the toilet lid and turn the water valve back on. If you’re having trouble turning the adjustment stem, check for a screwdriver notch. Some adjustment dials are secured by screws. Do not turn the notch more than 1 full rotation at a time. If your toilet water level is adjusted too suddenly, it can cause inconsistent flushing. 2-7. Test the toilet level height after you have turned the water valve on. Flush the toilet a couple of times to check whether the water level in the bowl has lowered or risen. The bowl should be about halfway full. If not, continue fine-tuning the float until you reach your desired height. Call a plumber if, after several adjustments, the level still seems off. 3. Installing a New Fill Valve 3-1. Replace the fill valve if adjustments don't seem to help. If your toilet runs constantly and changing the float's height doesn't help, you may need to replace the fill valve. Replacing a fill valve involves opening the hole at the base of the tank—if you do not feel comfortable working this extensively with your toilet, you may need to call a plumber. The fill valve you need may vary depending on the kind of toilet you have. Check what kind of fill valve your toilet model needs online before buying one. You can also buy a universal toilet repair kit at a hardware or department store. It comes with a new fill valve, float, and flapper that fit almost every toilet. 3-2. Shut off the water supply and drain the toilet bowl. To install the replacement valve, the toilet tank needs to be completely empty. Locate the external water valve on the wall behind and beneath the toilet. Rotate the knob clockwise until it will not go any further, then flush the toilet. After it flushes, the tank won't refill itself. Continue flushing the tank until the water is completely emptied. Sop up any residual water in the tank with a sponge or towel. 3-3. Detach the fill valve from the outside of the toilet tank. You should see 2 nuts on the outside of the tank. First, unscrew the one that connects the water supply line to the valve. Pull the supply line out of the valve. Then, unscrew the plastic nut that secures the fill valve to the tank, which should be easy to loosen. With both nuts unscrewed, the fill valve should come right out. You may need to use a wrench or pair of pliers to loosen the nut. Lay down a towel in case any residual water leaks out of the detached water supply hose. 3-4. Lift the old valve out of the tank. Extract the entire fill valve unit, including the attached float. The unit should simply come out in 1 piece. Discard the old valve unless you plan to have it repaired by a professional later. Work carefully to avoid damaging or dislodging any of the other mechanisms inside the tank. 3-5. Slide the new fill valve into place. Fit the bottom portion of the valve through the hole in the base of the tank. The rest of the unit should sit upright once the fill valve is in place, and it should feel secure—no wobbling or moving around. Make sure it's attached to the base before putting the the toilet back together. 3-6. Reattach the water supply hose. Attach the hose back to the bottom of the valve, and slide back on any washers connecting the small water supply hose to the base of the toilet tank. Screw the large nut back on tightly to prevent leakages when you turn the water supply on again. 3-7. Turn the water supply back on and give the toilet a test flush. Locate the external water valve again on the wall behind the toilet and rotate it clockwise to turn on the water supply. Flush the toilet several times to test the water and check its new level. You should also check the water shut-off valve and the bottom of the new fill valve. Wipe these areas with a tissue to check for moisture, and tighten the connections again if you find any. If the level still seems off, call a professional. A plumber may be able to troubleshoot your problem and solve the issue. Tips If you feel uncomfortable dismantling and reassembling your toilet, the safest bet is to call a plumber. If you need to replace different parts, buy a universal toilet repair kit at a hardware or department store. It comes with a new fill valve, float, and flapper that fit almost every standard toilet, and only costs $10-$20. A kit can help you fix most problems with water level, poor flushing, and continuous running. Warnings When installing a new fill valve, reassemble each component in the correct order. Don’t forget any small pieces while reassembling your toilet! Missing pieces can cause leaking or structural damage over time.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:22", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting a Ball-and-Arm Float\\n1-1. Remove the toilet tank lid.\\nLift the lid off of the tank and set it aside on a flat, stable surface. You’ll now have access to the flushing mechanisms inside the tank. Be careful not to drop the lid or set it somewhere from which it might fall. Toilet tank lids are made of ceramic and can break fairly easily.\\n1-2. Take note of the water level inside the tank.\\nThe water in the tank should rest 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) below the fill valve and overflow tube (the large open pipe near the center of the tank). If it seems higher or lower than this level, your water level may be off-balance.\\nYour toilet may also have a line in its tank, either printed on or etched in porcelain, that shows you where the water level should be.\\n1-3. Turn off\\nLocate the external water valve on the wall behind and beneath the toilet. Rotate the oblong knob clockwise as far as it will go, then flush the toilet. After it flushes, the tank will not refill itself. This will allow you to work inside the tank unobstructed.\\nKeep turning the knob until you hear the water stop running.\\nDo not attempt to adjust or repair any of the mechanisms inside the toilet tank without emptying it first.\\n1-4. Examine the float and fill valve.\\nLook over the flushing mechanisms to see what kind of condition they’re in. If you notice any obvious damage or defects, you might need to call a professional to have the part repaired.\\n1-5. Examine the toilet tank's float height.\\nCheck the toilet tank’s float, a plastic ball attached to a long arm at the top of the fill valve. The height of the float determines how much water remains in the tank after it refills. It should be at the water level if it is not broken. If the float appears too high or low, adjust the float height and when you refill the tank, check how it changes the water level.\\nIf it is above or below the water level, this may be the source of your high/low water level.\\nGive the float a shake. If you can hear water inside of it, you should have a plumber replace it.\\nMake sure the float is properly connected to the fill valve.\\n1-6. Use a screwdriver to raise or lower the float height.\\nDirectly on top of the fill valve should be a single screw. Turn this screw clockwise or counterclockwise 1 full rotation. Clockwise will raise the water level and counterclockwise will lower it. \\nAvoid turning the screw more than 1 full rotation at a time. Doing too large of an adjustment at once could cause the toilet to flush inconsistently.\\nIf the screw is too rusty to turn, you can adjust the float by simply turning it. It is threaded to the metal rod the connects directly to the fill valve.\\n1-7. Flush the toilet to test the water level.\\nTurn the water to the toilet back on and give the tank a minute or 2 to fill up. After you’ve flushed the toilet, observe the water level in the bowl. Ideally, the bowl should be about halfway full. If the water in the bowl still looks too high or low, empty the tank and try adjusting the float again until you get it right.\\nCall a plumber if the water level is still off after adjusting the float several times.\\n2. Adjusting a Cylinder Float\\n2-1. Identify the cylinder float.\\nSome newer toilets are equipped with more modern one-piece floats (also sometimes known as “floating cups”) instead of the older ball-and-arm design. These types of floats have been engineered as solid cylinders fitted to the shaft of the fill valve itself. If you have a fill valve with a cylinder float, you can adjust the water level in your toilet in just a few seconds.\\nCylinder valves are easy to install, remove and perform maintenance on, and more user-friendly for individuals less experienced with home repairs.\\n2-2. Lift off the toilet tank lid.\\nRemove the lid from the tank and set it aside on a flat surface, like a table. Be careful not to drop the lid or set it near the edge of a surface, as most toilet lids are ceramic and break easily. After the toilet lid is removed, check the water level—if it seems higher or lower than 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) below the fill valve and overflow tube, it may need adjustments.\\n2-3. Turn off the water supply before you work on the float.\\nLocate the external water valve on the wall—it should be behind your toilet, beneath the bowl. Rotate the knob clockwise as far as it will go. When it won't go any farther, flush the toilet and continue flushing until the tank is empty.\\n2-4. Locate the adjustment stem on the side of the float.\\nThe adjustment stem is a long, slender tube that connects to the larger fill valve. In most models, it will either run parallel with the valve or extend horizontally out from the top. The adjustment stem is used to increase or decrease the amount of water in the tank.\\nFamiliarize yourself with the mechanisms inside your toilet tank before making any drastic changes. Refer to the instruction manual or manufacturer's website if available.\\n2-5. Check for a release clip on the float.\\nSome cylinder floats can be positioned by squeezing a release clip on the float itself and raising or lowering it to the desired height. Raising the dial will raise the water level, and lowering it should lower the water level. \\nIf your float has a release clip, squeeze it to adjust it to the desired height. If not, however, you will need to locate the toilet's adjustment dial.\\n2-6. Raise or lower the float ⁄2 inch (1.3 cm).\\nUse 2 fingers to grasp the notched dial on the end of the stem. Twist the stem clockwise or counterclockwise a full rotation—clockwise to lower the height or counterclockwise to raise it. Once you’ve found a suitable height for the float, replace the toilet lid and turn the water valve back on.\\nIf you’re having trouble turning the adjustment stem, check for a screwdriver notch. Some adjustment dials are secured by screws.\\nDo not turn the notch more than 1 full rotation at a time. If your toilet water level is adjusted too suddenly, it can cause inconsistent flushing.\\n2-7. Test the toilet level height after you have turned the water valve on.\\nFlush the toilet a couple of times to check whether the water level in the bowl has lowered or risen. The bowl should be about halfway full. If not, continue fine-tuning the float until you reach your desired height.\\nCall a plumber if, after several adjustments, the level still seems off.\\n3. Installing a New Fill Valve\\n3-1. Replace the fill valve if adjustments don't seem to help.\\nIf your toilet runs constantly and changing the float's height doesn't help, you may need to replace the fill valve. Replacing a fill valve involves opening the hole at the base of the tank—if you do not feel comfortable working this extensively with your toilet, you may need to call a plumber.\\nThe fill valve you need may vary depending on the kind of toilet you have. Check what kind of fill valve your toilet model needs online before buying one.\\nYou can also buy a universal toilet repair kit at a hardware or department store. It comes with a new fill valve, float, and flapper that fit almost every toilet.\\n3-2. Shut off the water supply and drain the toilet bowl.\\nTo install the replacement valve, the toilet tank needs to be completely empty. Locate the external water valve on the wall behind and beneath the toilet. Rotate the knob clockwise until it will not go any further, then flush the toilet. After it flushes, the tank won't refill itself. Continue flushing the tank until the water is completely emptied.\\nSop up any residual water in the tank with a sponge or towel.\\n3-3. Detach the fill valve from the outside of the toilet tank.\\nYou should see 2 nuts on the outside of the tank. First, unscrew the one that connects the water supply line to the valve. Pull the supply line out of the valve. Then, unscrew the plastic nut that secures the fill valve to the tank, which should be easy to loosen. With both nuts unscrewed, the fill valve should come right out.\\nYou may need to use a wrench or pair of pliers to loosen the nut.\\nLay down a towel in case any residual water leaks out of the detached water supply hose.\\n3-4. Lift the old valve out of the tank.\\nExtract the entire fill valve unit, including the attached float. The unit should simply come out in 1 piece. Discard the old valve unless you plan to have it repaired by a professional later. \\nWork carefully to avoid damaging or dislodging any of the other mechanisms inside the tank.\\n3-5. Slide the new fill valve into place.\\nFit the bottom portion of the valve through the hole in the base of the tank. The rest of the unit should sit upright once the fill valve is in place, and it should feel secure—no wobbling or moving around. Make sure it's attached to the base before putting the the toilet back together.\\n3-6. Reattach the water supply hose.\\nAttach the hose back to the bottom of the valve, and slide back on any washers connecting the small water supply hose to the base of the toilet tank. Screw the large nut back on tightly to prevent leakages when you turn the water supply on again.\\n3-7. Turn the water supply back on and give the toilet a test flush.\\nLocate the external water valve again on the wall behind the toilet and rotate it clockwise to turn on the water supply. Flush the toilet several times to test the water and check its new level.\\nYou should also check the water shut-off valve and the bottom of the new fill valve. Wipe these areas with a tissue to check for moisture, and tighten the connections again if you find any.\\nIf the level still seems off, call a professional. A plumber may be able to troubleshoot your problem and solve the issue.\\nTips\\nIf you feel uncomfortable dismantling and reassembling your toilet, the safest bet is to call a plumber.\\nIf you need to replace different parts, buy a universal toilet repair kit at a hardware or department store. It comes with a new fill valve, float, and flapper that fit almost every standard toilet, and only costs $10-$20. A kit can help you fix most problems with water level, poor flushing, and continuous running.\\nWarnings\\nWhen installing a new fill valve, reassemble each component in the correct order.\\nDon’t forget any small pieces while reassembling your toilet! Missing pieces can cause leaking or structural damage over time.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A high or low water level in your toilet may not seem like a big deal, but with time, it can cause problems. When there isn’t enough water in the tank, the flushing power may suffer, leading to troublesome blocks and clogs. When there's too much water in your toilet bowl, though, your toilet may not flush all the way or overflow. Luckily, neither of these issues is too difficult to solve. A high or low float can usually be fixed by hand or with a screwdriver in a matter of minutes, no plumber needed.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting a Ball-and-Arm Float\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the toilet tank lid.\", \"描述\": \"Lift the lid off of the tank and set it aside on a flat, stable surface. You’ll now have access to the flushing mechanisms inside the tank. Be careful not to drop the lid or set it somewhere from which it might fall. Toilet tank lids are made of ceramic and can break fairly easily.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take note of the water level inside the tank.\", \"描述\": \"The water in the tank should rest 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) below the fill valve and overflow tube (the large open pipe near the center of the tank). If it seems higher or lower than this level, your water level may be off-balance.\\nYour toilet may also have a line in its tank, either printed on or etched in porcelain, that shows you where the water level should be.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn off\", \"描述\": \"Locate the external water valve on the wall behind and beneath the toilet. Rotate the oblong knob clockwise as far as it will go, then flush the toilet. After it flushes, the tank will not refill itself. This will allow you to work inside the tank unobstructed.\\nKeep turning the knob until you hear the water stop running.\\nDo not attempt to adjust or repair any of the mechanisms inside the toilet tank without emptying it first.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Examine the float and fill valve.\", \"描述\": \"Look over the flushing mechanisms to see what kind of condition they’re in. If you notice any obvious damage or defects, you might need to call a professional to have the part repaired.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Examine the toilet tank's float height.\", \"描述\": \"Check the toilet tank’s float, a plastic ball attached to a long arm at the top of the fill valve. The height of the float determines how much water remains in the tank after it refills. It should be at the water level if it is not broken. If the float appears too high or low, adjust the float height and when you refill the tank, check how it changes the water level.\\nIf it is above or below the water level, this may be the source of your high/low water level.\\nGive the float a shake. If you can hear water inside of it, you should have a plumber replace it.\\nMake sure the float is properly connected to the fill valve.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Use a screwdriver to raise or lower the float height.\", \"描述\": \"Directly on top of the fill valve should be a single screw. Turn this screw clockwise or counterclockwise 1 full rotation. Clockwise will raise the water level and counterclockwise will lower it. \\nAvoid turning the screw more than 1 full rotation at a time. Doing too large of an adjustment at once could cause the toilet to flush inconsistently.\\nIf the screw is too rusty to turn, you can adjust the float by simply turning it. It is threaded to the metal rod the connects directly to the fill valve.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Flush the toilet to test the water level.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the water to the toilet back on and give the tank a minute or 2 to fill up. After you’ve flushed the toilet, observe the water level in the bowl. Ideally, the bowl should be about halfway full. If the water in the bowl still looks too high or low, empty the tank and try adjusting the float again until you get it right.\\nCall a plumber if the water level is still off after adjusting the float several times.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting a Cylinder Float\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Identify the cylinder float.\", \"描述\": \"Some newer toilets are equipped with more modern one-piece floats (also sometimes known as “floating cups”) instead of the older ball-and-arm design. These types of floats have been engineered as solid cylinders fitted to the shaft of the fill valve itself. If you have a fill valve with a cylinder float, you can adjust the water level in your toilet in just a few seconds.\\nCylinder valves are easy to install, remove and perform maintenance on, and more user-friendly for individuals less experienced with home repairs.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lift off the toilet tank lid.\", \"描述\": \"Remove the lid from the tank and set it aside on a flat surface, like a table. Be careful not to drop the lid or set it near the edge of a surface, as most toilet lids are ceramic and break easily. After the toilet lid is removed, check the water level—if it seems higher or lower than 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) below the fill valve and overflow tube, it may need adjustments.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn off the water supply before you work on the float.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the external water valve on the wall—it should be behind your toilet, beneath the bowl. Rotate the knob clockwise as far as it will go. When it won't go any farther, flush the toilet and continue flushing until the tank is empty.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Locate the adjustment stem on the side of the float.\", \"描述\": \"The adjustment stem is a long, slender tube that connects to the larger fill valve. In most models, it will either run parallel with the valve or extend horizontally out from the top. The adjustment stem is used to increase or decrease the amount of water in the tank.\\nFamiliarize yourself with the mechanisms inside your toilet tank before making any drastic changes. Refer to the instruction manual or manufacturer's website if available.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check for a release clip on the float.\", \"描述\": \"Some cylinder floats can be positioned by squeezing a release clip on the float itself and raising or lowering it to the desired height. Raising the dial will raise the water level, and lowering it should lower the water level. \\nIf your float has a release clip, squeeze it to adjust it to the desired height. If not, however, you will need to locate the toilet's adjustment dial.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Raise or lower the float ⁄2 inch (1.3 cm).\", \"描述\": \"Use 2 fingers to grasp the notched dial on the end of the stem. Twist the stem clockwise or counterclockwise a full rotation—clockwise to lower the height or counterclockwise to raise it. Once you’ve found a suitable height for the float, replace the toilet lid and turn the water valve back on.\\nIf you’re having trouble turning the adjustment stem, check for a screwdriver notch. Some adjustment dials are secured by screws.\\nDo not turn the notch more than 1 full rotation at a time. If your toilet water level is adjusted too suddenly, it can cause inconsistent flushing.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Test the toilet level height after you have turned the water valve on.\", \"描述\": \"Flush the toilet a couple of times to check whether the water level in the bowl has lowered or risen. The bowl should be about halfway full. If not, continue fine-tuning the float until you reach your desired height.\\nCall a plumber if, after several adjustments, the level still seems off.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Installing a New Fill Valve\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Replace the fill valve if adjustments don't seem to help.\", \"描述\": \"If your toilet runs constantly and changing the float's height doesn't help, you may need to replace the fill valve. Replacing a fill valve involves opening the hole at the base of the tank—if you do not feel comfortable working this extensively with your toilet, you may need to call a plumber.\\nThe fill valve you need may vary depending on the kind of toilet you have. Check what kind of fill valve your toilet model needs online before buying one.\\nYou can also buy a universal toilet repair kit at a hardware or department store. It comes with a new fill valve, float, and flapper that fit almost every toilet.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Shut off the water supply and drain the toilet bowl.\", \"描述\": \"To install the replacement valve, the toilet tank needs to be completely empty. Locate the external water valve on the wall behind and beneath the toilet. Rotate the knob clockwise until it will not go any further, then flush the toilet. After it flushes, the tank won't refill itself. Continue flushing the tank until the water is completely emptied.\\nSop up any residual water in the tank with a sponge or towel.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Detach the fill valve from the outside of the toilet tank.\", \"描述\": \"You should see 2 nuts on the outside of the tank. First, unscrew the one that connects the water supply line to the valve. Pull the supply line out of the valve. Then, unscrew the plastic nut that secures the fill valve to the tank, which should be easy to loosen. With both nuts unscrewed, the fill valve should come right out.\\nYou may need to use a wrench or pair of pliers to loosen the nut.\\nLay down a towel in case any residual water leaks out of the detached water supply hose.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Lift the old valve out of the tank.\", \"描述\": \"Extract the entire fill valve unit, including the attached float. The unit should simply come out in 1 piece. Discard the old valve unless you plan to have it repaired by a professional later. \\nWork carefully to avoid damaging or dislodging any of the other mechanisms inside the tank.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Slide the new fill valve into place.\", \"描述\": \"Fit the bottom portion of the valve through the hole in the base of the tank. The rest of the unit should sit upright once the fill valve is in place, and it should feel secure—no wobbling or moving around. Make sure it's attached to the base before putting the the toilet back together.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Reattach the water supply hose.\", \"描述\": \"Attach the hose back to the bottom of the valve, and slide back on any washers connecting the small water supply hose to the base of the toilet tank. Screw the large nut back on tightly to prevent leakages when you turn the water supply on again.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Turn the water supply back on and give the toilet a test flush.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the external water valve again on the wall behind the toilet and rotate it clockwise to turn on the water supply. Flush the toilet several times to test the water and check its new level.\\nYou should also check the water shut-off valve and the bottom of the new fill valve. Wipe these areas with a tissue to check for moisture, and tighten the connections again if you find any.\\nIf the level still seems off, call a professional. A plumber may be able to troubleshoot your problem and solve the issue.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you feel uncomfortable dismantling and reassembling your toilet, the safest bet is to call a plumber.\\n\", \"If you need to replace different parts, buy a universal toilet repair kit at a hardware or department store. It comes with a new fill valve, float, and flapper that fit almost every standard toilet, and only costs $10-$20. A kit can help you fix most problems with water level, poor flushing, and continuous running.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"When installing a new fill valve, reassemble each component in the correct order.\\n\", \"Don’t forget any small pieces while reassembling your toilet! Missing pieces can cause leaking or structural damage over time.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,454
How to Adjust to Being a Boy when You Really Want to Be a Girl
1. Understanding Yourself 1-1. Look up what it means to be transgender. Due to the increasing amount of information about transgender people, you may have already heard some information about what being transgender is. Transgender people have a gender that is different from the sex they were assigned at birth. For example, a girl might have been thought to be a boy. Gender is determined in your mind and heart, not by your anatomy. If you really feel like a girl, you are a girl. It's just that not everyone knows it. Some transgender people compare it to being born in the wrong body. Others feel comfortable with their bodies. For example, a trans boy might say that because he is a boy, that makes his body a boy's body. 1-2. Look up what it means to be nonbinary. If the label of "boy" doesn't seem right, but "girl" doesn't fully fit either, you may be nonbinary. If someone is nonbinary, sometimes informally called "enby", their gender doesn't fully fit the labels of "male" or "female". While there are many nonbinary genders, here are some of the more common ones: people may switch genders from time to time. For example, maybe that means being a boy yesterday, a girl today, and agender tomorrow. only partially fit the label of "girl" or "boy." people have no gender. people have two genders simultaneously. For example, someone might be both a boy and a girl, or both a girl and agender. 1-3. Understand the difference between being transgender or nonbinary and being gay or queer. Some people don't totally understand what it means to be transgender or nonbinary, and come up with a lot of silly ideas about them. Oftentimes, transgender or nonbinary people are said to just be gay; however, these are not the same. Being gay means that you get crushes on people of your gender, and being transgender means that your gender doesn't match your assigned sex. If you feel like you're a girl, you're probably transgender, not gay. Of course, transgender and nonbinary people can be gay or queer, as well. You can be a girl who likes girls, or a nonbinary person who likes girls. There's nothing wrong with that, either. 1-4. Take some time to reflect on yourself. Imagine yourself in 10 years: being a man and being called "him", being a woman and being called "her", and being nonbinary with a different pronoun such as "they" or "it." Which one sounds the most comfortable, fun, or exciting? Try looking in a mirror and saying, "I am a [boy/girl/nonbinary gender]". Which one feels best to you, and feels right? It is okay to be a guy who likes feminine things, if that's what you turn out to be. Whether you're a boy who likes pink or a boy who likes to cross-dress, that's okay. You don't have to match narrow gender roles. You don't have to be 100% traditionally feminine in order to be a real girl. Some girls like baseball, superheroes, and wearing pants. If you think you're a trans girl, this doesn't invalidate your gender. Take as much time as you need to in order to figure things out. There's never any rush to know who you are. 1-5. Don't let other people tell you who you are. As well-meaning as other people may be, you are the only one who can figure out who you are. Don't let somebody else tell you whether or not you're a girl, nonbinary, or a boy - only you can know what your gender is. Even the people who know you best can be wrong about how you feel inside. 2. Transitioning to a Girl 2-1. Be yourself. It's unhelpful to waste energy on trying to pretend to be someone you aren't, whether it's faking masculinity or acting hyper-feminine even though you aren't. Find your own personal style. There are all types of girls in the world, and you get to choose the style that fits you. It's okay to be a girl who has traditionally masculine interests, like sports or technology. You don't have to stifle yourself or your interests just to be a girl. 2-2. Start small, if needed. Going from presenting as male to presenting as incredibly feminine can be jarring, and it's okay to feel that way. You don't need to rush to put on a wig, jewelry, heavy makeup, et cetera, if you don't feel ready for it. Go at the pace that suits you best. Some trans girls do feel most comfortable with an immediate makeover, and that's okay, too. There's no "right" way to transition. 2-3. Start growing your hair. You might start with an attractive pixie cut, and then grow it out to shoulder-length or longer. Make sure you wash it daily and take extra good care of it. Brush it and style it however you want. It's your hair, after all. If you don't know how to take care of your hair, look it up online or in magazines. Checking out wikiHow's Hair Care articles can be a great place to start. Some parents might be hesitant to let their kids grow out their hair. If your parents are these kinds of parents and don't want you to grow your hair, there may be ways to convince them. For example, you could tell them that you feel that growing out your hair will help you be seen as more of an individual. 2-4. Care for your body. Girls in books and movies always like to take good care of themselves, and doing so yourself could help you feel more feminine. Take care of your skin and nails, and shower every day. Taking good care of yourself will help you feel better about your body, which can also help you to feel more confident in yourself. Caring for yourself can also make physically transitioning easier on you, if you choose to transition later on in life. 2-5. Choose accessories that help you feel feminine, if desired. Hair accessories, necklaces, and/or bracelets can help you feel girlier, and many girls wear nail polish to give their fingernails a fancier look. While not all girls enjoy feminine things, others find it fun and affirming of their femininity. Browse the aisles of stores and see what you can find. You could also choose to get your ears pierced. Many girls have their ears pierced, and this provides a great opportunity to look for cute earrings. However, if you don't want your ears pierced or your parents won't let you, that's okay - there are plenty of girls with non-pierced ears, too. While it's fun to go shopping and check out whatever you can find, don't buy any accessories that you aren't comfortable with or don't feel match your personality. There's no need to buy the flower crown if you feel that it doesn't suit you. 2-6. Dress in comfortable and attractive clothes. Don't be afraid to check out the girl's section of your local department stores and malls. Wander between sections, and find clothes that suit your personal tastes. If you like frilly skirts, you should wear them. If you prefer skinny jeans and camo tops, wear them. If you want to feel extra attractive, figure out what colors suit you, and how to dress to accentuate your body type. It's okay to wear "boy clothes" if you can't find anything you like in the girl's section. For example, if girl's pants aren't comfortable for you, it's okay to wear boy's pants. Your comfort is important, too. 2-7. Find someone to talk to. Whether it's a best friend, sibling, support group, or even a doctor or psychiatrist, it's important to express your feelings and get a second opinion. If you need help with coming out, there are literally hundreds of resources online that offer tips, advice, or even personal help. 2-8. Network with other trans people. You're making a big change in your life, and that will come with a lot of emotions and challenges. Who knows what it's like? Other trans people. They can help you through your transition, offering advice and support. Finding other transgender people to talk with and discuss issues with can be a great help - and who knows, maybe you'll even make some new friends! Search your local LGBT community centres. Be careful about looking on some social media sites - there are some people online who like to tell people whether or not they're transgender, or tell people that their gender doesn't exist. Running into these people may make you doubt yourself or feel bad about yourself, so try to steer clear of them whenever possible. 2-9. Look for a therapist who specializes in transgender issues. Teen years are difficult, especially for trans teens, who may face the challenges of transition and possible discrimination. Choosing a therapist can be a tough job, but it's worth it; seeing a therapist who you feel comfortable with can be a great support, especially on rough days. You don't need to look for a gender therapist specifically. A therapist who understands transgender issues can be a great outlet, too. Gender therapists are a good source for if you want to physically transition, though. A therapist should not try to force you into a gender role that you aren't comfortable with, tell you what gender you "are", or make you do anything relating to your gender that you aren't comfortable with. If your therapist does this, they're not a good therapist, and you should find a new one. 2-10. Dress up whenever you can. No, don't go into your sister's bedroom and ransack her wardrobe. Dressing up for Halloween is one of the best ways to have fun as a girl without being judged. It also offers plenty of opportunities to bring up the subject of being a girl - permanently. 2-11. Hang around with other girls as friends. Having friends is important, especially if they make you feel better about yourself. If you can find girls who want to be friends with you, hang out with them! Even if they're not the kinds of girls who would exchange fashion tips with you, just having friends who you're comfortable with can be a huge help in terms of self-acceptance and confidence. Of course, it's okay to be friends with boys, too. Just consider trying to make your circle of friends consist of mostly girls. In school, most people hang out with those who are of their same gender. Hanging out with girls can help to make you feel more like a girl. Some people may bully you for being a girl and hanging out with girls. These people just don't understand that there are people like you in the world. Tell them firmly to stop being mean to you, and take it to a trusted adult if it doesn't stop. Remember the phrase, "I'm okay, you're mean" if people are treating you badly. 3. Coping Without Transition 3-1. Consider when you will be safe coming out. For example, if you are worried that your parents would kick you out and take away your college funds, you should wait until you are done with college and have your own place. Sit down and plan out exactly when you would be able to come out. This will help you look towards a brighter future. You aren't obligated to share personal information about your gender with your parents, especially if they would judge you for it. It isn't dishonest to avoid telling in order to keep yourself and your education secure. 3-2. Take good care of yourself. If you can't transition when you want to, it can be immensely stressful and may end up hurting your physical and mental health. While you may feel stuck or unable to escape how you feel, taking care of yourself can help keep you out of a severe rut. Eat as healthy as you can and stick to a good exercise routine. Try to spend some time outdoors if possible, too - it will help. On a smaller scale, make sure you're doing things like showering, eating regular meals, and moving around a bit rather than staying in bed all day for no real reason. Engage in activities you enjoy, such as fun hobbies, watching TV or movies, learning something new, or anything else that you like doing. Keep an eye on your mental health. Unfortunately, trans people (especially trans youth) are at a higher risk of self-injury or suicide. It's important to avoid self-injury and cope with suicidal thoughts. If you're really struggling, you can contact LGBT-specific crisis lines, like the Trevor Project or the Trans Lifeline. 3-3. Consider ways that you could safely express yourself. For example, maybe your safety would be at risk if you wore a dress, but your parents wouldn't care if you had long hair in a low ponytail, or wore skinny jeans. While everywhere is different, and it may be tough to find "compromises" with your parents, they're out there. You just might have to do some digging to find them. If clothing is the issue, try looking for clothing that's considered "boy's" clothing, so that your parents don't object to it. You can find many of the same styles of clothing in the boy's section as well (e.g. skinny jeans). You can also try things like polishing your nails with a clear nail polish, wearing some very subtle makeup (if safe to do so), or practicing more feminine self-care routines, like shaving or moisturizing your skin. These typically go unnoticed unless someone is looking closely. 3-4. Reach out to others who support you. You're not alone - not everyone can or wants to transition, and there are people out there who will listen to and understand how you feel. To keep yourself mentally healthy, seek out friends and communities who support you and will listen to you. Trans communities in particular are a great resource, since many trans people have gone through (or are going through) the same thing. Even friends who have already transitioned, or friends who aren't trans, can still be great supports. Sometimes all you need is someone who will listen to you vent, validate how you feel, and then join you in something that will help take your mind off things when you're ready. For those who can't find in-person supports, there are many groups for transgender people online. Just take caution to make sure these groups are hidden from those who you don't want to know about your true gender. 3-5. Look for professional support. It can be very stressful to hide your real gender, not to mention just plain hard at times. See if you could find a trans-friendly counselor, therapist, or doctor who can help you stay in good mental health. Your state of mind is incredibly important, so it's important to talk to somebody about how you feel to somebody who can support you and help you. Get screened for anxiety and depression. Without proper support, trans people can be at high risk for these illnesses. Treatment can improve your quality of life. Explain the reasons why you do not feel safe transitioning to the professional. They may be able to help you. 3-6. Find a place where you can safely express your true gender. It can be hard to have to live as a boy when you know that you aren't one, so it's important to find a place where you can really be yourself. Maybe if you can't safely show your femininity at home, you could do so at the house of a trusted friend who knows your real gender. If your school has a GSA or LGBT club of some sort, you may be able to join it and express yourself. Be sure to stay out of club photos, though, or your parents may realize it when the yearbooks are printed. Tips If you look "manly" and worry you'll never pass as a girl, don't feel helpless. Even people who transition after puberty can look great.[10] X Research source [11] X Research source [12] X Research source [13] X Research source This includes people who transition after young adulthood.[14] X Research source [15] X Research source Hormones start slow at first, but they make a dramatic difference over time.[16] X Research source If you choose to transition, try to start early, or at least get puberty blockers early on. This way, you can reduce the effects of puberty and masculinization, which can be stressful and also expensive to reverse. Consider school and work in this process. Sometimes it's simply more beneficial to transition before you graduate high school. Talk to friends/family about which pronouns you'd prefer them to use. Remember that feeling or wanting to be another gender is not wrong. If they don't accept you, it's their fault and not yours. Warnings Unfortunately, this is a world full of narrow-minded and violent people. Use caution around these people to be safe. Do not take the different traits a human being can have to be granted for one gender role or the other. Strength is not the opposite of femininity. Do not let your fear and discomfort prevent you from getting help when you need it. Reasonable people won't judge you or refuse to help you.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:22", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Understanding Yourself\\n1-1. Look up what it means to be transgender.\\nDue to the increasing amount of information about transgender people, you may have already heard some information about what being transgender is. Transgender people have a gender that is different from the sex they were assigned at birth. For example, a girl might have been thought to be a boy.\\nGender is determined in your mind and heart, not by your anatomy. If you really feel like a girl, you are a girl. It's just that not everyone knows it.\\nSome transgender people compare it to being born in the wrong body. Others feel comfortable with their bodies. For example, a trans boy might say that because he is a boy, that makes his body a boy's body.\\n1-2. Look up what it means to be nonbinary.\\nIf the label of \\\"boy\\\" doesn't seem right, but \\\"girl\\\" doesn't fully fit either, you may be nonbinary. If someone is nonbinary, sometimes informally called \\\"enby\\\", their gender doesn't fully fit the labels of \\\"male\\\" or \\\"female\\\". While there are many nonbinary genders, here are some of the more common ones:\\n\\n people may switch genders from time to time. For example, maybe that means being a boy yesterday, a girl today, and agender tomorrow.\\n only partially fit the label of \\\"girl\\\" or \\\"boy.\\\"\\n people have no gender.\\n people have two genders simultaneously. For example, someone might be both a boy and a girl, or both a girl and agender.\\n1-3. Understand the difference between being transgender or nonbinary and being gay or queer.\\nSome people don't totally understand what it means to be transgender or nonbinary, and come up with a lot of silly ideas about them. Oftentimes, transgender or nonbinary people are said to just be gay; however, these are not the same. Being gay means that you get crushes on people of your gender, and being transgender means that your gender doesn't match your assigned sex. If you feel like you're a girl, you're probably transgender, not gay. \\nOf course, transgender and nonbinary people can be gay or queer, as well. You can be a girl who likes girls, or a nonbinary person who likes girls. There's nothing wrong with that, either.\\n1-4. Take some time to reflect on yourself.\\nImagine yourself in 10 years: being a man and being called \\\"him\\\", being a woman and being called \\\"her\\\", and being nonbinary with a different pronoun such as \\\"they\\\" or \\\"it.\\\" Which one sounds the most comfortable, fun, or exciting? Try looking in a mirror and saying, \\\"I am a [boy/girl/nonbinary gender]\\\". Which one feels best to you, and feels right?\\nIt is okay to be a guy who likes feminine things, if that's what you turn out to be. Whether you're a boy who likes pink or a boy who likes to cross-dress, that's okay. You don't have to match narrow gender roles.\\nYou don't have to be 100% traditionally feminine in order to be a real girl. Some girls like baseball, superheroes, and wearing pants. If you think you're a trans girl, this doesn't invalidate your gender.\\nTake as much time as you need to in order to figure things out. There's never any rush to know who you are.\\n1-5. Don't let other people tell you who you are.\\nAs well-meaning as other people may be, you are the only one who can figure out who you are. Don't let somebody else tell you whether or not you're a girl, nonbinary, or a boy - only you can know what your gender is. Even the people who know you best can be wrong about how you feel inside.\\n2. Transitioning to a Girl\\n2-1. Be yourself.\\nIt's unhelpful to waste energy on trying to pretend to be someone you aren't, whether it's faking masculinity or acting hyper-feminine even though you aren't. Find your own personal style. There are all types of girls in the world, and you get to choose the style that fits you. \\nIt's okay to be a girl who has traditionally masculine interests, like sports or technology. You don't have to stifle yourself or your interests just to be a girl.\\n2-2. Start small, if needed.\\nGoing from presenting as male to presenting as incredibly feminine can be jarring, and it's okay to feel that way. You don't need to rush to put on a wig, jewelry, heavy makeup, et cetera, if you don't feel ready for it. Go at the pace that suits you best.\\nSome trans girls do feel most comfortable with an immediate makeover, and that's okay, too. There's no \\\"right\\\" way to transition.\\n2-3. Start growing your hair.\\nYou might start with an attractive pixie cut, and then grow it out to shoulder-length or longer. Make sure you wash it daily and take extra good care of it. Brush it and style it however you want. It's your hair, after all.\\nIf you don't know how to take care of your hair, look it up online or in magazines. Checking out wikiHow's Hair Care articles can be a great place to start.\\nSome parents might be hesitant to let their kids grow out their hair. If your parents are these kinds of parents and don't want you to grow your hair, there may be ways to convince them. For example, you could tell them that you feel that growing out your hair will help you be seen as more of an individual.\\n2-4. Care for your body.\\nGirls in books and movies always like to take good care of themselves, and doing so yourself could help you feel more feminine. Take care of your skin and nails, and shower every day. Taking good care of yourself will help you feel better about your body, which can also help you to feel more confident in yourself. \\nCaring for yourself can also make physically transitioning easier on you, if you choose to transition later on in life.\\n2-5. Choose accessories that help you feel feminine, if desired.\\nHair accessories, necklaces, and/or bracelets can help you feel girlier, and many girls wear nail polish to give their fingernails a fancier look. While not all girls enjoy feminine things, others find it fun and affirming of their femininity. Browse the aisles of stores and see what you can find. \\nYou could also choose to get your ears pierced. Many girls have their ears pierced, and this provides a great opportunity to look for cute earrings. However, if you don't want your ears pierced or your parents won't let you, that's okay - there are plenty of girls with non-pierced ears, too.\\nWhile it's fun to go shopping and check out whatever you can find, don't buy any accessories that you aren't comfortable with or don't feel match your personality. There's no need to buy the flower crown if you feel that it doesn't suit you.\\n2-6. Dress in comfortable and attractive clothes.\\nDon't be afraid to check out the girl's section of your local department stores and malls. Wander between sections, and find clothes that suit your personal tastes. If you like frilly skirts, you should wear them. If you prefer skinny jeans and camo tops, wear them. \\nIf you want to feel extra attractive, figure out what colors suit you, and how to dress to accentuate your body type.\\nIt's okay to wear \\\"boy clothes\\\" if you can't find anything you like in the girl's section. For example, if girl's pants aren't comfortable for you, it's okay to wear boy's pants. Your comfort is important, too.\\n2-7. Find someone to talk to.\\nWhether it's a best friend, sibling, support group, or even a doctor or psychiatrist, it's important to express your feelings and get a second opinion. If you need help with coming out, there are literally hundreds of resources online that offer tips, advice, or even personal help.\\n2-8. Network with other trans people.\\nYou're making a big change in your life, and that will come with a lot of emotions and challenges. Who knows what it's like? Other trans people. They can help you through your transition, offering advice and support. Finding other transgender people to talk with and discuss issues with can be a great help - and who knows, maybe you'll even make some new friends! Search your local LGBT community centres.\\nBe careful about looking on some social media sites - there are some people online who like to tell people whether or not they're transgender, or tell people that their gender doesn't exist. Running into these people may make you doubt yourself or feel bad about yourself, so try to steer clear of them whenever possible.\\n2-9. Look for a therapist who specializes in transgender issues.\\nTeen years are difficult, especially for trans teens, who may face the challenges of transition and possible discrimination. Choosing a therapist can be a tough job, but it's worth it; seeing a therapist who you feel comfortable with can be a great support, especially on rough days. \\nYou don't need to look for a gender therapist specifically. A therapist who understands transgender issues can be a great outlet, too. Gender therapists are a good source for if you want to physically transition, though.\\nA therapist should not try to force you into a gender role that you aren't comfortable with, tell you what gender you \\\"are\\\", or make you do anything relating to your gender that you aren't comfortable with. If your therapist does this, they're not a good therapist, and you should find a new one.\\n2-10. Dress up whenever you can.\\nNo, don't go into your sister's bedroom and ransack her wardrobe. Dressing up for Halloween is one of the best ways to have fun as a girl without being judged. It also offers plenty of opportunities to bring up the subject of being a girl - permanently.\\n2-11. Hang around with other girls as friends.\\nHaving friends is important, especially if they make you feel better about yourself. If you can find girls who want to be friends with you, hang out with them! Even if they're not the kinds of girls who would exchange fashion tips with you, just having friends who you're comfortable with can be a huge help in terms of self-acceptance and confidence.\\nOf course, it's okay to be friends with boys, too. Just consider trying to make your circle of friends consist of mostly girls. In school, most people hang out with those who are of their same gender. Hanging out with girls can help to make you feel more like a girl.\\nSome people may bully you for being a girl and hanging out with girls. These people just don't understand that there are people like you in the world. Tell them firmly to stop being mean to you, and take it to a trusted adult if it doesn't stop. Remember the phrase, \\\"I'm okay, you're mean\\\" if people are treating you badly.\\n3. Coping Without Transition\\n3-1. Consider when you will be safe coming out.\\nFor example, if you are worried that your parents would kick you out and take away your college funds, you should wait until you are done with college and have your own place. Sit down and plan out exactly when you would be able to come out. This will help you look towards a brighter future. \\nYou aren't obligated to share personal information about your gender with your parents, especially if they would judge you for it. It isn't dishonest to avoid telling in order to keep yourself and your education secure.\\n3-2. Take good care of yourself.\\nIf you can't transition when you want to, it can be immensely stressful and may end up hurting your physical and mental health. While you may feel stuck or unable to escape how you feel, taking care of yourself can help keep you out of a severe rut.\\nEat as healthy as you can and stick to a good exercise routine. Try to spend some time outdoors if possible, too - it will help.\\nOn a smaller scale, make sure you're doing things like showering, eating regular meals, and moving around a bit rather than staying in bed all day for no real reason.\\nEngage in activities you enjoy, such as fun hobbies, watching TV or movies, learning something new, or anything else that you like doing.\\nKeep an eye on your mental health. Unfortunately, trans people (especially trans youth) are at a higher risk of self-injury or suicide. It's important to avoid self-injury and cope with suicidal thoughts. If you're really struggling, you can contact LGBT-specific crisis lines, like the Trevor Project or the Trans Lifeline.\\n3-3. Consider ways that you could safely express yourself.\\nFor example, maybe your safety would be at risk if you wore a dress, but your parents wouldn't care if you had long hair in a low ponytail, or wore skinny jeans. While everywhere is different, and it may be tough to find \\\"compromises\\\" with your parents, they're out there. You just might have to do some digging to find them. \\nIf clothing is the issue, try looking for clothing that's considered \\\"boy's\\\" clothing, so that your parents don't object to it. You can find many of the same styles of clothing in the boy's section as well (e.g. skinny jeans).\\nYou can also try things like polishing your nails with a clear nail polish, wearing some very subtle makeup (if safe to do so), or practicing more feminine self-care routines, like shaving or moisturizing your skin. These typically go unnoticed unless someone is looking closely.\\n3-4. Reach out to others who support you.\\nYou're not alone - not everyone can or wants to transition, and there are people out there who will listen to and understand how you feel. To keep yourself mentally healthy, seek out friends and communities who support you and will listen to you. Trans communities in particular are a great resource, since many trans people have gone through (or are going through) the same thing.\\nEven friends who have already transitioned, or friends who aren't trans, can still be great supports. Sometimes all you need is someone who will listen to you vent, validate how you feel, and then join you in something that will help take your mind off things when you're ready.\\nFor those who can't find in-person supports, there are many groups for transgender people online. Just take caution to make sure these groups are hidden from those who you don't want to know about your true gender.\\n3-5. Look for professional support.\\nIt can be very stressful to hide your real gender, not to mention just plain hard at times. See if you could find a trans-friendly counselor, therapist, or doctor who can help you stay in good mental health. Your state of mind is incredibly important, so it's important to talk to somebody about how you feel to somebody who can support you and help you.\\nGet screened for anxiety and depression. Without proper support, trans people can be at high risk for these illnesses. Treatment can improve your quality of life.\\nExplain the reasons why you do not feel safe transitioning to the professional. They may be able to help you.\\n3-6. Find a place where you can safely express your true gender.\\nIt can be hard to have to live as a boy when you know that you aren't one, so it's important to find a place where you can really be yourself. Maybe if you can't safely show your femininity at home, you could do so at the house of a trusted friend who knows your real gender. \\nIf your school has a GSA or LGBT club of some sort, you may be able to join it and express yourself. Be sure to stay out of club photos, though, or your parents may realize it when the yearbooks are printed.\\nTips\\nIf you look \\\"manly\\\" and worry you'll never pass as a girl, don't feel helpless. Even people who transition after puberty can look great.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n This includes people who transition after young adulthood.[14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Hormones start slow at first, but they make a dramatic difference over time.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf you choose to transition, try to start early, or at least get puberty blockers early on. This way, you can reduce the effects of puberty and masculinization, which can be stressful and also expensive to reverse. Consider school and work in this process. Sometimes it's simply more beneficial to transition before you graduate high school.\\nTalk to friends/family about which pronouns you'd prefer them to use. Remember that feeling or wanting to be another gender is not wrong. If they don't accept you, it's their fault and not yours.\\nWarnings\\nUnfortunately, this is a world full of narrow-minded and violent people. Use caution around these people to be safe.\\nDo not take the different traits a human being can have to be granted for one gender role or the other. Strength is not the opposite of femininity.\\nDo not let your fear and discomfort prevent you from getting help when you need it. Reasonable people won't judge you or refuse to help you.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"There's nothing wrong with being assigned male at birth, yet feeling much more comfortable as a girl. Unfortunately, you might not be able to simply start living as a girl for various reasons, like being a minor. Remember that if transitioning is the most comfortable option for you, that is what you should do. Here are a few steps to help you along the way.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understanding Yourself\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look up what it means to be transgender.\", \"描述\": \"Due to the increasing amount of information about transgender people, you may have already heard some information about what being transgender is. Transgender people have a gender that is different from the sex they were assigned at birth. For example, a girl might have been thought to be a boy.\\nGender is determined in your mind and heart, not by your anatomy. If you really feel like a girl, you are a girl. It's just that not everyone knows it.\\nSome transgender people compare it to being born in the wrong body. Others feel comfortable with their bodies. For example, a trans boy might say that because he is a boy, that makes his body a boy's body.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look up what it means to be nonbinary.\", \"描述\": \"If the label of \\\"boy\\\" doesn't seem right, but \\\"girl\\\" doesn't fully fit either, you may be nonbinary. If someone is nonbinary, sometimes informally called \\\"enby\\\", their gender doesn't fully fit the labels of \\\"male\\\" or \\\"female\\\". While there are many nonbinary genders, here are some of the more common ones:\\n\\n people may switch genders from time to time. For example, maybe that means being a boy yesterday, a girl today, and agender tomorrow.\\n only partially fit the label of \\\"girl\\\" or \\\"boy.\\\"\\n people have no gender.\\n people have two genders simultaneously. For example, someone might be both a boy and a girl, or both a girl and agender.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand the difference between being transgender or nonbinary and being gay or queer.\", \"描述\": \"Some people don't totally understand what it means to be transgender or nonbinary, and come up with a lot of silly ideas about them. Oftentimes, transgender or nonbinary people are said to just be gay; however, these are not the same. Being gay means that you get crushes on people of your gender, and being transgender means that your gender doesn't match your assigned sex. If you feel like you're a girl, you're probably transgender, not gay. \\nOf course, transgender and nonbinary people can be gay or queer, as well. You can be a girl who likes girls, or a nonbinary person who likes girls. There's nothing wrong with that, either.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take some time to reflect on yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Imagine yourself in 10 years: being a man and being called \\\"him\\\", being a woman and being called \\\"her\\\", and being nonbinary with a different pronoun such as \\\"they\\\" or \\\"it.\\\" Which one sounds the most comfortable, fun, or exciting? Try looking in a mirror and saying, \\\"I am a [boy/girl/nonbinary gender]\\\". Which one feels best to you, and feels right?\\nIt is okay to be a guy who likes feminine things, if that's what you turn out to be. Whether you're a boy who likes pink or a boy who likes to cross-dress, that's okay. You don't have to match narrow gender roles.\\nYou don't have to be 100% traditionally feminine in order to be a real girl. Some girls like baseball, superheroes, and wearing pants. If you think you're a trans girl, this doesn't invalidate your gender.\\nTake as much time as you need to in order to figure things out. There's never any rush to know who you are.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Don't let other people tell you who you are.\", \"描述\": \"As well-meaning as other people may be, you are the only one who can figure out who you are. Don't let somebody else tell you whether or not you're a girl, nonbinary, or a boy - only you can know what your gender is. Even the people who know you best can be wrong about how you feel inside.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Transitioning to a Girl\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be yourself.\", \"描述\": \"It's unhelpful to waste energy on trying to pretend to be someone you aren't, whether it's faking masculinity or acting hyper-feminine even though you aren't. Find your own personal style. There are all types of girls in the world, and you get to choose the style that fits you. \\nIt's okay to be a girl who has traditionally masculine interests, like sports or technology. You don't have to stifle yourself or your interests just to be a girl.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start small, if needed.\", \"描述\": \"Going from presenting as male to presenting as incredibly feminine can be jarring, and it's okay to feel that way. You don't need to rush to put on a wig, jewelry, heavy makeup, et cetera, if you don't feel ready for it. Go at the pace that suits you best.\\nSome trans girls do feel most comfortable with an immediate makeover, and that's okay, too. There's no \\\"right\\\" way to transition.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start growing your hair.\", \"描述\": \"You might start with an attractive pixie cut, and then grow it out to shoulder-length or longer. Make sure you wash it daily and take extra good care of it. Brush it and style it however you want. It's your hair, after all.\\nIf you don't know how to take care of your hair, look it up online or in magazines. Checking out wikiHow's Hair Care articles can be a great place to start.\\nSome parents might be hesitant to let their kids grow out their hair. If your parents are these kinds of parents and don't want you to grow your hair, there may be ways to convince them. For example, you could tell them that you feel that growing out your hair will help you be seen as more of an individual.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Care for your body.\", \"描述\": \"Girls in books and movies always like to take good care of themselves, and doing so yourself could help you feel more feminine. Take care of your skin and nails, and shower every day. Taking good care of yourself will help you feel better about your body, which can also help you to feel more confident in yourself. \\nCaring for yourself can also make physically transitioning easier on you, if you choose to transition later on in life.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Choose accessories that help you feel feminine, if desired.\", \"描述\": \"Hair accessories, necklaces, and/or bracelets can help you feel girlier, and many girls wear nail polish to give their fingernails a fancier look. While not all girls enjoy feminine things, others find it fun and affirming of their femininity. Browse the aisles of stores and see what you can find. \\nYou could also choose to get your ears pierced. Many girls have their ears pierced, and this provides a great opportunity to look for cute earrings. However, if you don't want your ears pierced or your parents won't let you, that's okay - there are plenty of girls with non-pierced ears, too.\\nWhile it's fun to go shopping and check out whatever you can find, don't buy any accessories that you aren't comfortable with or don't feel match your personality. There's no need to buy the flower crown if you feel that it doesn't suit you.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Dress in comfortable and attractive clothes.\", \"描述\": \"Don't be afraid to check out the girl's section of your local department stores and malls. Wander between sections, and find clothes that suit your personal tastes. If you like frilly skirts, you should wear them. If you prefer skinny jeans and camo tops, wear them. \\nIf you want to feel extra attractive, figure out what colors suit you, and how to dress to accentuate your body type.\\nIt's okay to wear \\\"boy clothes\\\" if you can't find anything you like in the girl's section. For example, if girl's pants aren't comfortable for you, it's okay to wear boy's pants. Your comfort is important, too.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Find someone to talk to.\", \"描述\": \"Whether it's a best friend, sibling, support group, or even a doctor or psychiatrist, it's important to express your feelings and get a second opinion. If you need help with coming out, there are literally hundreds of resources online that offer tips, advice, or even personal help.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Network with other trans people.\", \"描述\": \"You're making a big change in your life, and that will come with a lot of emotions and challenges. Who knows what it's like? Other trans people. They can help you through your transition, offering advice and support. Finding other transgender people to talk with and discuss issues with can be a great help - and who knows, maybe you'll even make some new friends! Search your local LGBT community centres.\\nBe careful about looking on some social media sites - there are some people online who like to tell people whether or not they're transgender, or tell people that their gender doesn't exist. Running into these people may make you doubt yourself or feel bad about yourself, so try to steer clear of them whenever possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Look for a therapist who specializes in transgender issues.\", \"描述\": \"Teen years are difficult, especially for trans teens, who may face the challenges of transition and possible discrimination. Choosing a therapist can be a tough job, but it's worth it; seeing a therapist who you feel comfortable with can be a great support, especially on rough days. \\nYou don't need to look for a gender therapist specifically. A therapist who understands transgender issues can be a great outlet, too. Gender therapists are a good source for if you want to physically transition, though.\\nA therapist should not try to force you into a gender role that you aren't comfortable with, tell you what gender you \\\"are\\\", or make you do anything relating to your gender that you aren't comfortable with. If your therapist does this, they're not a good therapist, and you should find a new one.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Dress up whenever you can.\", \"描述\": \"No, don't go into your sister's bedroom and ransack her wardrobe. Dressing up for Halloween is one of the best ways to have fun as a girl without being judged. It also offers plenty of opportunities to bring up the subject of being a girl - permanently.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Hang around with other girls as friends.\", \"描述\": \"Having friends is important, especially if they make you feel better about yourself. If you can find girls who want to be friends with you, hang out with them! Even if they're not the kinds of girls who would exchange fashion tips with you, just having friends who you're comfortable with can be a huge help in terms of self-acceptance and confidence.\\nOf course, it's okay to be friends with boys, too. Just consider trying to make your circle of friends consist of mostly girls. In school, most people hang out with those who are of their same gender. Hanging out with girls can help to make you feel more like a girl.\\nSome people may bully you for being a girl and hanging out with girls. These people just don't understand that there are people like you in the world. Tell them firmly to stop being mean to you, and take it to a trusted adult if it doesn't stop. Remember the phrase, \\\"I'm okay, you're mean\\\" if people are treating you badly.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Coping Without Transition\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider when you will be safe coming out.\", \"描述\": \"For example, if you are worried that your parents would kick you out and take away your college funds, you should wait until you are done with college and have your own place. Sit down and plan out exactly when you would be able to come out. This will help you look towards a brighter future. \\nYou aren't obligated to share personal information about your gender with your parents, especially if they would judge you for it. It isn't dishonest to avoid telling in order to keep yourself and your education secure.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take good care of yourself.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't transition when you want to, it can be immensely stressful and may end up hurting your physical and mental health. While you may feel stuck or unable to escape how you feel, taking care of yourself can help keep you out of a severe rut.\\nEat as healthy as you can and stick to a good exercise routine. Try to spend some time outdoors if possible, too - it will help.\\nOn a smaller scale, make sure you're doing things like showering, eating regular meals, and moving around a bit rather than staying in bed all day for no real reason.\\nEngage in activities you enjoy, such as fun hobbies, watching TV or movies, learning something new, or anything else that you like doing.\\nKeep an eye on your mental health. Unfortunately, trans people (especially trans youth) are at a higher risk of self-injury or suicide. It's important to avoid self-injury and cope with suicidal thoughts. If you're really struggling, you can contact LGBT-specific crisis lines, like the Trevor Project or the Trans Lifeline.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Consider ways that you could safely express yourself.\", \"描述\": \"For example, maybe your safety would be at risk if you wore a dress, but your parents wouldn't care if you had long hair in a low ponytail, or wore skinny jeans. While everywhere is different, and it may be tough to find \\\"compromises\\\" with your parents, they're out there. You just might have to do some digging to find them. \\nIf clothing is the issue, try looking for clothing that's considered \\\"boy's\\\" clothing, so that your parents don't object to it. You can find many of the same styles of clothing in the boy's section as well (e.g. skinny jeans).\\nYou can also try things like polishing your nails with a clear nail polish, wearing some very subtle makeup (if safe to do so), or practicing more feminine self-care routines, like shaving or moisturizing your skin. These typically go unnoticed unless someone is looking closely.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Reach out to others who support you.\", \"描述\": \"You're not alone - not everyone can or wants to transition, and there are people out there who will listen to and understand how you feel. To keep yourself mentally healthy, seek out friends and communities who support you and will listen to you. Trans communities in particular are a great resource, since many trans people have gone through (or are going through) the same thing.\\nEven friends who have already transitioned, or friends who aren't trans, can still be great supports. Sometimes all you need is someone who will listen to you vent, validate how you feel, and then join you in something that will help take your mind off things when you're ready.\\nFor those who can't find in-person supports, there are many groups for transgender people online. Just take caution to make sure these groups are hidden from those who you don't want to know about your true gender.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Look for professional support.\", \"描述\": \"It can be very stressful to hide your real gender, not to mention just plain hard at times. See if you could find a trans-friendly counselor, therapist, or doctor who can help you stay in good mental health. Your state of mind is incredibly important, so it's important to talk to somebody about how you feel to somebody who can support you and help you.\\nGet screened for anxiety and depression. Without proper support, trans people can be at high risk for these illnesses. Treatment can improve your quality of life.\\nExplain the reasons why you do not feel safe transitioning to the professional. They may be able to help you.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Find a place where you can safely express your true gender.\", \"描述\": \"It can be hard to have to live as a boy when you know that you aren't one, so it's important to find a place where you can really be yourself. Maybe if you can't safely show your femininity at home, you could do so at the house of a trusted friend who knows your real gender. \\nIf your school has a GSA or LGBT club of some sort, you may be able to join it and express yourself. Be sure to stay out of club photos, though, or your parents may realize it when the yearbooks are printed.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you look \\\"manly\\\" and worry you'll never pass as a girl, don't feel helpless. Even people who transition after puberty can look great.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n This includes people who transition after young adulthood.[14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Hormones start slow at first, but they make a dramatic difference over time.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If you choose to transition, try to start early, or at least get puberty blockers early on. This way, you can reduce the effects of puberty and masculinization, which can be stressful and also expensive to reverse. Consider school and work in this process. Sometimes it's simply more beneficial to transition before you graduate high school.\\n\", \"Talk to friends/family about which pronouns you'd prefer them to use. Remember that feeling or wanting to be another gender is not wrong. If they don't accept you, it's their fault and not yours.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Unfortunately, this is a world full of narrow-minded and violent people. Use caution around these people to be safe.\\n\", \"Do not take the different traits a human being can have to be granted for one gender role or the other. Strength is not the opposite of femininity.\\n\", \"Do not let your fear and discomfort prevent you from getting help when you need it. Reasonable people won't judge you or refuse to help you.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,455
How to Adjust to Crutches
1. Adjusting to Crutches Physically 1-1. Do not put all of your weight on your armpits. You have a multitude of nerves under your armpits, or brachial plexus. These nerves are responsible for sensation and movement for your arms and hands, and putting all of your weight on these nerves can cause nerve damage. To avoid this, hold yourself up with your hands and squeeze your upper arms into your crutches. But don't squeeze too hard because you might break a rib. 1-2. Watch for skin irritation under your arms. Be prepared that you might develop red irritated areas under your arms from using the crutches over time. This is the result of the unavoidable constant rubbing of the crutches on the skin they come into contact with. To help alleviate this irritation, put some Vaseline on the area of the skin that is bothering you. Wear a sports bra if you're a girl; it will keep from the wire hurting as well. If you're a guy, try to wear more shirts; maybe layer them or wear an undershirt. You can also wrap towels around the top of of the crutches and then tape them on with duct tap to provide more cushioning. 1-3. Take breaks when using your crutches for long periods. If you feel yourself getting tired, stop and wait. If you’re in school, your teachers probably won't mind if you’re a little late to class. You could even ask the teachers if you can leave two minutes before the bell rings so you're not stuck in the hall gasping for air. 2. Adjusting to Crutches Mentally 2-1. Ask for help. More than likely people will be happy to help when they see you struggle. People might even offer to help you before you have to ask. If they offer, say yes. It will be hard doing all of the things you normally do by yourself, so enlisting the help of friends and family members will be a necessary evil for you during this time. 2-2. Plan ahead. Many simple life tasks are exponentially more difficult while you are using crutches. Things like grocery shopping and preparing food become especially challenging while you are restricted in how you can use your hands. The key is to plan ahead for what you’ll need for the week and get some help obtaining those items. If you go grocery shopping, carrying food can throw off your balance. If you put the goods you want to purchase in a bag, it can look like you are trying to steal it. To avoid these potentially embarrassing situations, prepare a list of what you’ll need for the week and ask someone to go shopping for you. You can also use an online delivery service for these things if you can afford it. If you are in school, then avoid wearing a backpack with books in it while you are using crutches. The extra weight can create extra unnecessary pressure on your armpits. Ask a friend to carry your books for you while you are using crutches. 2-3. Be prepared for the jokes. People can sometimes be cruel when they encounter someone with a disability or who appears different from them in some way. While you are using your crutches, you might get made fun of by someone like this because you are slower than usual, because you can’t do all the things you normally do, or simply because the crutches look different. If this happens to you, don’t take it personally. Just smile and keep moving forward. 3. Preparing to Use Your Crutches 3-1. Decide which kind of crutches you want. There are two kinds of crutches: underarm crutches and forearm crutches. Perhaps your doctor will have a preference about which kind he or she prefers you to use, but if the choice is up to you, do a little research to decide which kind would most benefit you. Underarm crutches: These are easier to master and maneuver than forearm crutches, but can lead to more soreness and discomfort from the way they press against your body during use. Forearm crutches: These require more upper body strength than underarm crutches and can be more difficult to navigate initially, but they are better suited for long term use than underarm crutches. 3-2. Ask as many questions as possible. It will be helpful for you if you come to your doctor’s office prepared with the questions you want to ask. Once you leave the office, it may be harder to get the answers that you need. Ask questions that directly relate to the activities you perform in your daily life. Here are some general questions you may want to ask: Is it okay to rest your injured limb on the ground? Should you avoid placing any weight on it whatsoever? Can you just use one crutch as a cane? What’s the best way to walk using this method? How can you bathe? Is it okay to stand in the shower, or should you take baths instead? What is the proper posture to maintain while using crutches? Do you need to limit other physical activities like swimming or sex? 3-3. Properly adjust the height of your crutches. Using crutches can be much more painful if you don’t properly adjust them to the dimensions of your specific body. Even if they were adjusted for your by a medical professional, sometimes these settings need adjusting once you start using them. Crutches should be adjusted while you are standing with the base of the crutches situated about six inches from the sides of your feet. The underarm supports should be two inches below your armpits. When you put your hands on the grips, your elbow should bend slightly. If you feel like you have to hunch over when you are using your crutches, they are too short.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:22", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting to Crutches Physically\\n1-1. Do not put all of your weight on your armpits.\\nYou have a multitude of nerves under your armpits, or brachial plexus. These nerves are responsible for sensation and movement for your arms and hands, and putting all of your weight on these nerves can cause nerve damage. To avoid this, hold yourself up with your hands and squeeze your upper arms into your crutches. But don't squeeze too hard because you might break a rib.\\n1-2. Watch for skin irritation under your arms.\\nBe prepared that you might develop red irritated areas under your arms from using the crutches over time. This is the result of the unavoidable constant rubbing of the crutches on the skin they come into contact with.\\nTo help alleviate this irritation, put some Vaseline on the area of the skin that is bothering you.\\nWear a sports bra if you're a girl; it will keep from the wire hurting as well. If you're a guy, try to wear more shirts; maybe layer them or wear an undershirt.\\nYou can also wrap towels around the top of of the crutches and then tape them on with duct tap to provide more cushioning.\\n1-3. Take breaks when using your crutches for long periods.\\nIf you feel yourself getting tired, stop and wait. If you’re in school, your teachers probably won't mind if you’re a little late to class. You could even ask the teachers if you can leave two minutes before the bell rings so you're not stuck in the hall gasping for air.\\n2. Adjusting to Crutches Mentally\\n2-1. Ask for help.\\nMore than likely people will be happy to help when they see you struggle. People might even offer to help you before you have to ask. If they offer, say yes. It will be hard doing all of the things you normally do by yourself, so enlisting the help of friends and family members will be a necessary evil for you during this time.\\n2-2. Plan ahead.\\nMany simple life tasks are exponentially more difficult while you are using crutches. Things like grocery shopping and preparing food become especially challenging while you are restricted in how you can use your hands. The key is to plan ahead for what you’ll need for the week and get some help obtaining those items.\\nIf you go grocery shopping, carrying food can throw off your balance. If you put the goods you want to purchase in a bag, it can look like you are trying to steal it. To avoid these potentially embarrassing situations, prepare a list of what you’ll need for the week and ask someone to go shopping for you.\\nYou can also use an online delivery service for these things if you can afford it.\\nIf you are in school, then avoid wearing a backpack with books in it while you are using crutches. The extra weight can create extra unnecessary pressure on your armpits. Ask a friend to carry your books for you while you are using crutches.\\n2-3. Be prepared for the jokes.\\nPeople can sometimes be cruel when they encounter someone with a disability or who appears different from them in some way. While you are using your crutches, you might get made fun of by someone like this because you are slower than usual, because you can’t do all the things you normally do, or simply because the crutches look different. If this happens to you, don’t take it personally. Just smile and keep moving forward.\\n3. Preparing to Use Your Crutches\\n3-1. Decide which kind of crutches you want.\\nThere are two kinds of crutches: underarm crutches and forearm crutches. Perhaps your doctor will have a preference about which kind he or she prefers you to use, but if the choice is up to you, do a little research to decide which kind would most benefit you.\\n\\nUnderarm crutches: These are easier to master and maneuver than forearm crutches, but can lead to more soreness and discomfort from the way they press against your body during use.\\nForearm crutches: These require more upper body strength than underarm crutches and can be more difficult to navigate initially, but they are better suited for long term use than underarm crutches.\\n3-2. Ask as many questions as possible.\\nIt will be helpful for you if you come to your doctor’s office prepared with the questions you want to ask. Once you leave the office, it may be harder to get the answers that you need. Ask questions that directly relate to the activities you perform in your daily life. Here are some general questions you may want to ask:\\nIs it okay to rest your injured limb on the ground? Should you avoid placing any weight on it whatsoever?\\nCan you just use one crutch as a cane? What’s the best way to walk using this method?\\nHow can you bathe? Is it okay to stand in the shower, or should you take baths instead?\\nWhat is the proper posture to maintain while using crutches?\\nDo you need to limit other physical activities like swimming or sex?\\n3-3. Properly adjust the height of your crutches.\\nUsing crutches can be much more painful if you don’t properly adjust them to the dimensions of your specific body. Even if they were adjusted for your by a medical professional, sometimes these settings need adjusting once you start using them.\\nCrutches should be adjusted while you are standing with the base of the crutches situated about six inches from the sides of your feet.\\nThe underarm supports should be two inches below your armpits.\\nWhen you put your hands on the grips, your elbow should bend slightly.\\nIf you feel like you have to hunch over when you are using your crutches, they are too short.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Experts agree that you need to fit your crutches to your height and arm length before you start using them.At first, walking with crutches can be really difficult, but try not to get discouraged because it gets easier with practice. When you first start using your crutches, take short walks to give yourself time to get used to them. Research also suggests that it's important to take precautions to prevent falls by wearing sturdy, well-fitting shoes and avoiding slippery surfaces.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting to Crutches Physically\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do not put all of your weight on your armpits.\", \"描述\": \"You have a multitude of nerves under your armpits, or brachial plexus. These nerves are responsible for sensation and movement for your arms and hands, and putting all of your weight on these nerves can cause nerve damage. To avoid this, hold yourself up with your hands and squeeze your upper arms into your crutches. But don't squeeze too hard because you might break a rib.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Watch for skin irritation under your arms.\", \"描述\": \"Be prepared that you might develop red irritated areas under your arms from using the crutches over time. This is the result of the unavoidable constant rubbing of the crutches on the skin they come into contact with.\\nTo help alleviate this irritation, put some Vaseline on the area of the skin that is bothering you.\\nWear a sports bra if you're a girl; it will keep from the wire hurting as well. If you're a guy, try to wear more shirts; maybe layer them or wear an undershirt.\\nYou can also wrap towels around the top of of the crutches and then tape them on with duct tap to provide more cushioning.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take breaks when using your crutches for long periods.\", \"描述\": \"If you feel yourself getting tired, stop and wait. If you’re in school, your teachers probably won't mind if you’re a little late to class. You could even ask the teachers if you can leave two minutes before the bell rings so you're not stuck in the hall gasping for air.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting to Crutches Mentally\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ask for help.\", \"描述\": \"More than likely people will be happy to help when they see you struggle. People might even offer to help you before you have to ask. If they offer, say yes. It will be hard doing all of the things you normally do by yourself, so enlisting the help of friends and family members will be a necessary evil for you during this time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Plan ahead.\", \"描述\": \"Many simple life tasks are exponentially more difficult while you are using crutches. Things like grocery shopping and preparing food become especially challenging while you are restricted in how you can use your hands. The key is to plan ahead for what you’ll need for the week and get some help obtaining those items.\\nIf you go grocery shopping, carrying food can throw off your balance. If you put the goods you want to purchase in a bag, it can look like you are trying to steal it. To avoid these potentially embarrassing situations, prepare a list of what you’ll need for the week and ask someone to go shopping for you.\\nYou can also use an online delivery service for these things if you can afford it.\\nIf you are in school, then avoid wearing a backpack with books in it while you are using crutches. The extra weight can create extra unnecessary pressure on your armpits. Ask a friend to carry your books for you while you are using crutches.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be prepared for the jokes.\", \"描述\": \"People can sometimes be cruel when they encounter someone with a disability or who appears different from them in some way. While you are using your crutches, you might get made fun of by someone like this because you are slower than usual, because you can’t do all the things you normally do, or simply because the crutches look different. If this happens to you, don’t take it personally. Just smile and keep moving forward.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Use Your Crutches\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Decide which kind of crutches you want.\", \"描述\": \"There are two kinds of crutches: underarm crutches and forearm crutches. Perhaps your doctor will have a preference about which kind he or she prefers you to use, but if the choice is up to you, do a little research to decide which kind would most benefit you.\\n\\nUnderarm crutches: These are easier to master and maneuver than forearm crutches, but can lead to more soreness and discomfort from the way they press against your body during use.\\nForearm crutches: These require more upper body strength than underarm crutches and can be more difficult to navigate initially, but they are better suited for long term use than underarm crutches.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask as many questions as possible.\", \"描述\": \"It will be helpful for you if you come to your doctor’s office prepared with the questions you want to ask. Once you leave the office, it may be harder to get the answers that you need. Ask questions that directly relate to the activities you perform in your daily life. Here are some general questions you may want to ask:\\nIs it okay to rest your injured limb on the ground? Should you avoid placing any weight on it whatsoever?\\nCan you just use one crutch as a cane? What’s the best way to walk using this method?\\nHow can you bathe? Is it okay to stand in the shower, or should you take baths instead?\\nWhat is the proper posture to maintain while using crutches?\\nDo you need to limit other physical activities like swimming or sex?\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Properly adjust the height of your crutches.\", \"描述\": \"Using crutches can be much more painful if you don’t properly adjust them to the dimensions of your specific body. Even if they were adjusted for your by a medical professional, sometimes these settings need adjusting once you start using them.\\nCrutches should be adjusted while you are standing with the base of the crutches situated about six inches from the sides of your feet.\\nThe underarm supports should be two inches below your armpits.\\nWhen you put your hands on the grips, your elbow should bend slightly.\\nIf you feel like you have to hunch over when you are using your crutches, they are too short.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
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How to Adjust to Driving a Car on the Left Side of the Road
1. Adjusting to the Car 1-1. Find out about the car. Learning what type of car you are going to drive is important. If you are taking a trip where you’ll be driving on the left-hand side of the road, then you will most likely be hiring a car. Call the car hire company prior to going on holiday, and find out if they have both manual and automatic cars available. Even if you are used to driving manual cars, considering hiring an automatic to make the adjustment easier. If you are only familiar with one method, it’s best to try and stick to that so you are only learning one new thing at a time. Also consider finding out about, if possible, what specific kind of car you will be driving (it's make and model), to help you get a feel for it. Many countries that drive on the left-hand side tend to have more manual cars than automatics, so you may find it more expensive to hire an automatic car. 1-2. Pick up the car in a rural or quiet location. If you are learning to adjust to driving on the left-hand side of the road, you are most likely in a foreign country. Learning this new way of driving in a city with heavy traffic can add to the stress of the situation, so it is helpful whenever possible to pick up your car in a quieter location. You may have to pick a different rental company, or see if they will deliver the car to your location. The benefit of this is that you will have more open roads to get used to, rather than densely packed cities with tight streets. If you can’t pick it up outside the city, see if you can pick it up close to the outskirts rather than in the centre, so that way you can head out of the city immediately. You can practice driving in an industrial or commercial area on the weekends to make sure that you have hearing control and the ability to stop to avoid the hazards. Then practice driving safely in a neighborhood setting. After you are confident that you can control the vehicle, you can start driving on two-lane streets with higher speeds. 1-3. Get a feel for the car. Once you are in the driver’s seat, you should take some time to get acquainted with the setup and functions of the car. The gearstick is going to be on your left side now instead of on the right. The indicators, windscreen wipers, and headlight controls may be on the opposite side of the steering wheel as they were before you went away. Testing these controls before you drive is essential for both the safety of yourself and other road users. Even in cars with the steering wheel on the right-hand side, the clutch, brake and accelerator are still in the same position as left-hand side vehicles. Still, your right leg will be against the door rather than against the middle console or in the open. Get used to the feel of having your right leg against the door. 2. Following the Customs 2-1. Beware of roundabouts. Roundabouts are a frequent part of driving in European countries; especially France and the United Kingdom. You’ll see some traffic lights, but you most likely understand how these work. Roundabouts may be a bit more challenging, even if you have driven on them in your home country. The added difficulty of the driving on the left can make the idea seem a little more daunting. Roundabouts are designed to be safer than traffic lights and they allow traffic to keep slowing rather than stop completely. Always give way to those already using the roundabout. They have the right of way. You have to pick the lane you want to use and stay in that lane until you exit the roundabout. Look for signs before entering the roundabout that direct you to which lane you should use; if the roundabout has multiple lanes. The lane more to the right is essentially for those who are making a right turn. The left lane, then, is for those who are using one of the three or more other roadways. The main thing to remember at first is just to slow down and be cautious until you get the hang of the roundabout. Try to watch the other traffic and mimic what they are doing. 2-2. Pay attention to narrow roads. On roads with one two lanes, one going in each direction, you always want to pay attention to how wide the roadway is and stay close to the outside. Sometimes you may have to inch off the road a little to allow other vehicles to pass you. This can be especially tricky on streets that have cars parked at the sides. Sometimes you will need to pull up at the side and stop and give way to traffic coming from the opposite direction. Likewise, locals will often let you pass them as well. 2-3. Drive defensively. Some countries have local customs that can include breaking traffic laws. Red lights may be discretionary, and if a driver sees that no-one is coming they may pass through the red light anyway. You still want to know the laws, but you can begin to adapt to the local practices by paying attention. Still, you are the only one who has your safety and best interest in mind, so being over-cautious and defensive while you drive is probably still best. 3. Succeeding on Your Drive 3-1. Drive slower than you usually would. When you are learning to do almost anything, slowing down is usually pretty helpful, and this is definitely true when adjusting to a new way of driving. Since you will be looking at the road from a new vantage point, it’s possible that your reaction time will be a little slower than it was before. If you are driving fast, then this will only make your slow reactions seem worse. Don’t be afraid to go slower while you get the feel of this new way of driving. People may get up close behind you, so it’s not a bad idea every so often to pull off to the side and let those people pass you. It is better to have a few people angry at you and to take more time on your first drive than to go faster than you can handle; which could cause an accident. 3-2. Minimise your distractions. A lot of drivers tend to get in the groove of driving and often let themselves multi-task while they drive. You may be used to adjusting the stereo system, looking at your phone to text or navigate, reaching behind you to find something in the back seat, or eating a quick lunch on your commute. Don’t do all that, focus on the road. Consider whether or not you think you might need to do these things and specifically do them before you get going. It can also be a good idea to do without listening to the radio on your first driving trip. 3-3. Familiarise yourself with the route and plan your navigation. You most likely don’t know the roads when you are starting to drive on the left-hand side, so it can be really helpful to learn the basics of the journey you are about to make. Before you start your journey, study the map and try to have a good idea of where you are going. If it is possible to set audio navigation on either your mobile phone, the car itself, or a satellite navigation (sat nav) system, do so. Having the route clearly defined will free you up to focus only on driving properly. 3-4. Use the buddy system. If at all possible when learning to drive on the opposite side of the road from which you are used to, it is good to bring another passenger who can help you remember to stay on the correct side of the road. They can also act as navigator and help you find your way. However, this will not always be possible, but it’s a good idea if you can manage it. Having someone else accompanying you is also really helpful when you go to park for the first time. You may very well have to parallel park, which tends to be easier if you have someone who can guide you. Plus, if you are particularly nervous about making this driving adjustment, having someone to talk to and keep you calm will be invaluable. 3-5. Pay attention when pulling out of car parks. If you are used to driving on the right-hand side of the road, then pulling right out of a car park means pulling into the lane that is closest to you. On roadways where you drive on the left, now pulling out to the right means you are crossing oncoming traffic. Make sure you check to your right (the oncoming lane) before pulling out into the left lane. This also means that pulling out left means you will pull into the left lane closest to you, assuming the road only has two lanes. This will feel unsettling at first, so just take an extra breath and an extra look to remind yourself what you are doing. When you are getting used to this, deliberately look at the roadway a couple extra times to firmly remind yourself where you are at in traffic and whether or not you are crossing oncoming traffic to get to your lane. Tips Take a little time to learn the road laws of the country you’ll be driving in. Knowing how to drive the car is not the only thing necessary to succeed at driving on the left-hand side. Learn about right-of-way, road signs, and speed limit regulations. Also, find out if there is any laws you need to abide by which may not apply to your home country. For example, in France it is required by law for the driver to wear a luminous jacket at night, and in Germany; a first-aid kit must be carried in the vehicle at all times. Many people find it incredibly helpful to attach a sticky note or sticker on the windshield that says, “Drive on the left.” This way you have a constant reminder of your new position on the road. Warnings If you feel uncomfortable, don't drive long distances. Either take a breather and plan your approach wisely, or let someone else drive instead if possible.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:22", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adjusting to the Car\\n1-1. Find out about the car.\\nLearning what type of car you are going to drive is important. If you are taking a trip where you’ll be driving on the left-hand side of the road, then you will most likely be hiring a car. Call the car hire company prior to going on holiday, and find out if they have both manual and automatic cars available. Even if you are used to driving manual cars, considering hiring an automatic to make the adjustment easier.\\nIf you are only familiar with one method, it’s best to try and stick to that so you are only learning one new thing at a time.\\nAlso consider finding out about, if possible, what specific kind of car you will be driving (it's make and model), to help you get a feel for it.\\nMany countries that drive on the left-hand side tend to have more manual cars than automatics, so you may find it more expensive to hire an automatic car.\\n1-2. Pick up the car in a rural or quiet location.\\nIf you are learning to adjust to driving on the left-hand side of the road, you are most likely in a foreign country. Learning this new way of driving in a city with heavy traffic can add to the stress of the situation, so it is helpful whenever possible to pick up your car in a quieter location.\\nYou may have to pick a different rental company, or see if they will deliver the car to your location. The benefit of this is that you will have more open roads to get used to, rather than densely packed cities with tight streets.\\nIf you can’t pick it up outside the city, see if you can pick it up close to the outskirts rather than in the centre, so that way you can head out of the city immediately.\\nYou can practice driving in an industrial or commercial area on the weekends to make sure that you have hearing control and the ability to stop to avoid the hazards.\\nThen practice driving safely in a neighborhood setting.\\nAfter you are confident that you can control the vehicle, you can start driving on two-lane streets with higher speeds.\\n1-3. Get a feel for the car.\\nOnce you are in the driver’s seat, you should take some time to get acquainted with the setup and functions of the car. The gearstick is going to be on your left side now instead of on the right. The indicators, windscreen wipers, and headlight controls may be on the opposite side of the steering wheel as they were before you went away. Testing these controls before you drive is essential for both the safety of yourself and other road users.\\nEven in cars with the steering wheel on the right-hand side, the clutch, brake and accelerator are still in the same position as left-hand side vehicles. Still, your right leg will be against the door rather than against the middle console or in the open. Get used to the feel of having your right leg against the door.\\n2. Following the Customs\\n2-1. Beware of roundabouts.\\nRoundabouts are a frequent part of driving in European countries; especially France and the United Kingdom. You’ll see some traffic lights, but you most likely understand how these work. Roundabouts may be a bit more challenging, even if you have driven on them in your home country. The added difficulty of the driving on the left can make the idea seem a little more daunting. Roundabouts are designed to be safer than traffic lights and they allow traffic to keep slowing rather than stop completely.\\nAlways give way to those already using the roundabout. They have the right of way.\\nYou have to pick the lane you want to use and stay in that lane until you exit the roundabout. Look for signs before entering the roundabout that direct you to which lane you should use; if the roundabout has multiple lanes. The lane more to the right is essentially for those who are making a right turn. The left lane, then, is for those who are using one of the three or more other roadways.\\nThe main thing to remember at first is just to slow down and be cautious until you get the hang of the roundabout. Try to watch the other traffic and mimic what they are doing.\\n2-2. Pay attention to narrow roads.\\nOn roads with one two lanes, one going in each direction, you always want to pay attention to how wide the roadway is and stay close to the outside. Sometimes you may have to inch off the road a little to allow other vehicles to pass you.\\nThis can be especially tricky on streets that have cars parked at the sides. Sometimes you will need to pull up at the side and stop and give way to traffic coming from the opposite direction. Likewise, locals will often let you pass them as well.\\n2-3. Drive defensively.\\nSome countries have local customs that can include breaking traffic laws. Red lights may be discretionary, and if a driver sees that no-one is coming they may pass through the red light anyway. You still want to know the laws, but you can begin to adapt to the local practices by paying attention. Still, you are the only one who has your safety and best interest in mind, so being over-cautious and defensive while you drive is probably still best.\\n3. Succeeding on Your Drive\\n3-1. Drive slower than you usually would.\\nWhen you are learning to do almost anything, slowing down is usually pretty helpful, and this is definitely true when adjusting to a new way of driving. Since you will be looking at the road from a new vantage point, it’s possible that your reaction time will be a little slower than it was before. If you are driving fast, then this will only make your slow reactions seem worse.\\nDon’t be afraid to go slower while you get the feel of this new way of driving. People may get up close behind you, so it’s not a bad idea every so often to pull off to the side and let those people pass you. It is better to have a few people angry at you and to take more time on your first drive than to go faster than you can handle; which could cause an accident.\\n3-2. Minimise your distractions.\\nA lot of drivers tend to get in the groove of driving and often let themselves multi-task while they drive. You may be used to adjusting the stereo system, looking at your phone to text or navigate, reaching behind you to find something in the back seat, or eating a quick lunch on your commute. Don’t do all that, focus on the road.\\nConsider whether or not you think you might need to do these things and specifically do them before you get going.\\nIt can also be a good idea to do without listening to the radio on your first driving trip.\\n3-3. Familiarise yourself with the route and plan your navigation.\\nYou most likely don’t know the roads when you are starting to drive on the left-hand side, so it can be really helpful to learn the basics of the journey you are about to make.\\nBefore you start your journey, study the map and try to have a good idea of where you are going. If it is possible to set audio navigation on either your mobile phone, the car itself, or a satellite navigation (sat nav) system, do so. Having the route clearly defined will free you up to focus only on driving properly.\\n3-4. Use the buddy system.\\nIf at all possible when learning to drive on the opposite side of the road from which you are used to, it is good to bring another passenger who can help you remember to stay on the correct side of the road. They can also act as navigator and help you find your way. However, this will not always be possible, but it’s a good idea if you can manage it.\\nHaving someone else accompanying you is also really helpful when you go to park for the first time. You may very well have to parallel park, which tends to be easier if you have someone who can guide you.\\nPlus, if you are particularly nervous about making this driving adjustment, having someone to talk to and keep you calm will be invaluable.\\n3-5. Pay attention when pulling out of car parks.\\nIf you are used to driving on the right-hand side of the road, then pulling right out of a car park means pulling into the lane that is closest to you. On roadways where you drive on the left, now pulling out to the right means you are crossing oncoming traffic. Make sure you check to your right (the oncoming lane) before pulling out into the left lane.\\nThis also means that pulling out left means you will pull into the left lane closest to you, assuming the road only has two lanes. This will feel unsettling at first, so just take an extra breath and an extra look to remind yourself what you are doing.\\nWhen you are getting used to this, deliberately look at the roadway a couple extra times to firmly remind yourself where you are at in traffic and whether or not you are crossing oncoming traffic to get to your lane.\\nTips\\nTake a little time to learn the road laws of the country you’ll be driving in. Knowing how to drive the car is not the only thing necessary to succeed at driving on the left-hand side. Learn about right-of-way, road signs, and speed limit regulations. Also, find out if there is any laws you need to abide by which may not apply to your home country. For example, in France it is required by law for the driver to wear a luminous jacket at night, and in Germany; a first-aid kit must be carried in the vehicle at all times.\\nMany people find it incredibly helpful to attach a sticky note or sticker on the windshield that says, “Drive on the left.” This way you have a constant reminder of your new position on the road.\\nWarnings\\nIf you feel uncomfortable, don't drive long distances. Either take a breather and plan your approach wisely, or let someone else drive instead if possible.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Even though about 75% of the world’s drivers are used to driving on the right side of the road, many countries still drive on the left. This can be disorienting to get used to, so it is necessary to do a little extra preparation before getting out on the road. By taking a few precautions before you drive, like testing out all of the controls and settling in, and adjusting the way you drive, like going slower and getting rid of distractions, you can adjust to a totally new way of driving.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adjusting to the Car\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find out about the car.\", \"描述\": \"Learning what type of car you are going to drive is important. If you are taking a trip where you’ll be driving on the left-hand side of the road, then you will most likely be hiring a car. Call the car hire company prior to going on holiday, and find out if they have both manual and automatic cars available. Even if you are used to driving manual cars, considering hiring an automatic to make the adjustment easier.\\nIf you are only familiar with one method, it’s best to try and stick to that so you are only learning one new thing at a time.\\nAlso consider finding out about, if possible, what specific kind of car you will be driving (it's make and model), to help you get a feel for it.\\nMany countries that drive on the left-hand side tend to have more manual cars than automatics, so you may find it more expensive to hire an automatic car.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pick up the car in a rural or quiet location.\", \"描述\": \"If you are learning to adjust to driving on the left-hand side of the road, you are most likely in a foreign country. Learning this new way of driving in a city with heavy traffic can add to the stress of the situation, so it is helpful whenever possible to pick up your car in a quieter location.\\nYou may have to pick a different rental company, or see if they will deliver the car to your location. The benefit of this is that you will have more open roads to get used to, rather than densely packed cities with tight streets.\\nIf you can’t pick it up outside the city, see if you can pick it up close to the outskirts rather than in the centre, so that way you can head out of the city immediately.\\nYou can practice driving in an industrial or commercial area on the weekends to make sure that you have hearing control and the ability to stop to avoid the hazards.\\nThen practice driving safely in a neighborhood setting.\\nAfter you are confident that you can control the vehicle, you can start driving on two-lane streets with higher speeds.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a feel for the car.\", \"描述\": \"Once you are in the driver’s seat, you should take some time to get acquainted with the setup and functions of the car. The gearstick is going to be on your left side now instead of on the right. The indicators, windscreen wipers, and headlight controls may be on the opposite side of the steering wheel as they were before you went away. Testing these controls before you drive is essential for both the safety of yourself and other road users.\\nEven in cars with the steering wheel on the right-hand side, the clutch, brake and accelerator are still in the same position as left-hand side vehicles. Still, your right leg will be against the door rather than against the middle console or in the open. Get used to the feel of having your right leg against the door.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Following the Customs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Beware of roundabouts.\", \"描述\": \"Roundabouts are a frequent part of driving in European countries; especially France and the United Kingdom. You’ll see some traffic lights, but you most likely understand how these work. Roundabouts may be a bit more challenging, even if you have driven on them in your home country. The added difficulty of the driving on the left can make the idea seem a little more daunting. Roundabouts are designed to be safer than traffic lights and they allow traffic to keep slowing rather than stop completely.\\nAlways give way to those already using the roundabout. They have the right of way.\\nYou have to pick the lane you want to use and stay in that lane until you exit the roundabout. Look for signs before entering the roundabout that direct you to which lane you should use; if the roundabout has multiple lanes. The lane more to the right is essentially for those who are making a right turn. The left lane, then, is for those who are using one of the three or more other roadways.\\nThe main thing to remember at first is just to slow down and be cautious until you get the hang of the roundabout. Try to watch the other traffic and mimic what they are doing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pay attention to narrow roads.\", \"描述\": \"On roads with one two lanes, one going in each direction, you always want to pay attention to how wide the roadway is and stay close to the outside. Sometimes you may have to inch off the road a little to allow other vehicles to pass you.\\nThis can be especially tricky on streets that have cars parked at the sides. Sometimes you will need to pull up at the side and stop and give way to traffic coming from the opposite direction. Likewise, locals will often let you pass them as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Drive defensively.\", \"描述\": \"Some countries have local customs that can include breaking traffic laws. Red lights may be discretionary, and if a driver sees that no-one is coming they may pass through the red light anyway. You still want to know the laws, but you can begin to adapt to the local practices by paying attention. Still, you are the only one who has your safety and best interest in mind, so being over-cautious and defensive while you drive is probably still best.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Succeeding on Your Drive\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Drive slower than you usually would.\", \"描述\": \"When you are learning to do almost anything, slowing down is usually pretty helpful, and this is definitely true when adjusting to a new way of driving. Since you will be looking at the road from a new vantage point, it’s possible that your reaction time will be a little slower than it was before. If you are driving fast, then this will only make your slow reactions seem worse.\\nDon’t be afraid to go slower while you get the feel of this new way of driving. People may get up close behind you, so it’s not a bad idea every so often to pull off to the side and let those people pass you. It is better to have a few people angry at you and to take more time on your first drive than to go faster than you can handle; which could cause an accident.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Minimise your distractions.\", \"描述\": \"A lot of drivers tend to get in the groove of driving and often let themselves multi-task while they drive. You may be used to adjusting the stereo system, looking at your phone to text or navigate, reaching behind you to find something in the back seat, or eating a quick lunch on your commute. Don’t do all that, focus on the road.\\nConsider whether or not you think you might need to do these things and specifically do them before you get going.\\nIt can also be a good idea to do without listening to the radio on your first driving trip.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Familiarise yourself with the route and plan your navigation.\", \"描述\": \"You most likely don’t know the roads when you are starting to drive on the left-hand side, so it can be really helpful to learn the basics of the journey you are about to make.\\nBefore you start your journey, study the map and try to have a good idea of where you are going. If it is possible to set audio navigation on either your mobile phone, the car itself, or a satellite navigation (sat nav) system, do so. Having the route clearly defined will free you up to focus only on driving properly.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use the buddy system.\", \"描述\": \"If at all possible when learning to drive on the opposite side of the road from which you are used to, it is good to bring another passenger who can help you remember to stay on the correct side of the road. They can also act as navigator and help you find your way. However, this will not always be possible, but it’s a good idea if you can manage it.\\nHaving someone else accompanying you is also really helpful when you go to park for the first time. You may very well have to parallel park, which tends to be easier if you have someone who can guide you.\\nPlus, if you are particularly nervous about making this driving adjustment, having someone to talk to and keep you calm will be invaluable.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pay attention when pulling out of car parks.\", \"描述\": \"If you are used to driving on the right-hand side of the road, then pulling right out of a car park means pulling into the lane that is closest to you. On roadways where you drive on the left, now pulling out to the right means you are crossing oncoming traffic. Make sure you check to your right (the oncoming lane) before pulling out into the left lane.\\nThis also means that pulling out left means you will pull into the left lane closest to you, assuming the road only has two lanes. This will feel unsettling at first, so just take an extra breath and an extra look to remind yourself what you are doing.\\nWhen you are getting used to this, deliberately look at the roadway a couple extra times to firmly remind yourself where you are at in traffic and whether or not you are crossing oncoming traffic to get to your lane.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Take a little time to learn the road laws of the country you’ll be driving in. Knowing how to drive the car is not the only thing necessary to succeed at driving on the left-hand side. Learn about right-of-way, road signs, and speed limit regulations. Also, find out if there is any laws you need to abide by which may not apply to your home country. For example, in France it is required by law for the driver to wear a luminous jacket at night, and in Germany; a first-aid kit must be carried in the vehicle at all times.\\n\", \"Many people find it incredibly helpful to attach a sticky note or sticker on the windshield that says, “Drive on the left.” This way you have a constant reminder of your new position on the road.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you feel uncomfortable, don't drive long distances. Either take a breather and plan your approach wisely, or let someone else drive instead if possible.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,457
How to Adjust to Driving a Car on the Right Side of the Road
1. Taking Precautions 1-1. Research driving laws for the country you are traveling to. Some countries have different road rules and road signs, so it's important to know what you're doing before you get on the road. Study up on the areas that you plan on traveling to, and get well-acquainted with their rules of the road before driving in that country. Don't forget that you might need to brush up on a different language depending on the country you'll be driving in as some road signs might be written instructions rather than visual signs, so know before you go. 1-2. Research the area on your map. Before you leave, study the area you'll be traveling in. Get to know the surrounding attractions on each route you take to get to your destination. It'll be harder to get lost if you can remember some key points of interest that can keep you headed in the right direction. 1-3. Store a map in your car. Make sure you have your map on-hand at all times when driving in another country. A GPS is a convenient way to get around, but may have poor signal in some areas. 1-4. Adjust your headlights. Purchase headlamp converters to ensure your headlights are adjusted for driving on the right. Make sure you buy ones that have clear instructions and are easy to remove. Follow the instructions on the package when putting the stickers on the headlights. 1-5. Put a reminder on your steering wheel or dashboard. Label a sticky note with the words “Drive on the Right” so you remember to stay on the right when you drive. Drivers get so used to driving on one side of the road that it's easy to fall into the routine of driving on that side. You wouldn't want to forget the drive on the right-hand side, as that could lead to accidents. 1-6. Make a “breakdown” plan. Keep a list of reliable people or companies you can call to help you if your car breaks down. This way, you won't have to ask people you don't know who might speak a different language for help. Consider applying for insurance that will cover your car if it breaks down in the country you're in. 1-7. Find the steering wheel and the gearstick. In countries where one drives on the right-hand side of the road, the cars are built so that the driver sits on the left-hand side of the car instead of the right. Also, changing gears is done with the opposite hand. No matter what country you're in, the pedals will always be in the same position from left to right. 1-8. Practice in a car park. Before you drive on a public road, practice driving on the right-hand side and parking in a designated car park so you can build up some confidence before you go on the road. You'll find that you're more prepared and more accustomed to this different way of driving when you start to drive on public roads. Without practice, it's possible to become distracted by trying to remember how to drive on the right. 2. Driving Cautiously 2-1. Take in your surroundings. If you get confused, take a moment to look at the road signs around you. If they're facing you, you're going in the correct direction — that is, unless the signs read "Wrong Way" or "Do Not Enter"! Oncoming traffic is seen coming from the left. Left-turning traffic must cross oncoming traffic. Traffic signs facing motorists are mostly on the right-hand side of the road. 2-2. Drive in the far right lane. Because you are a new learner, keep in mind that the "fast" lane is the left lane and the "slow" lane is the right lane, which is the opposite of what you're used to. (In both cases, however, it is the lane farthest from the oncoming traffic.) Let fast drivers pass on your left. When you need to pass other drivers, give a left turn signal, move to the left, pass, signal right, and move in front. 2-3. Watch for pedestrians. Check your mirrors for pedestrians and be aware of your surroundings at all times. Normally, pedestrians are supposed to be walking on their left-hand side of the road, facing traffic, but human nature applies here, as in your home country: they can be anywhere. 2-4. Keep a farther driving distance in front of you. Make sure the cars in front of you are farther ahead of you than you're used to. This way, you'll have more time to react to their driving. Stay four to five seconds behind the car in front of you, just like you would do when it's raining or snowing. 2-5. Remember that roundabouts go counterclockwise. Get used to the counterclockwise rotation of roundabouts in places where you drive on the right side of the road. Remember to give the right of way to the left. Drive through roundabouts slower than what you're used to. 2-6. Make turns with care. Signal in plenty of time to let other drivers know what you are doing, and make any necessary adjustments. Be sure to check all mirrors before turning or changing lanes. Make a left turn by getting as close as possible to the left-most lane, nearest the median strip (in a divided road) or the center of the road (when oncoming traffic is immediately adjacent). When completing your turn, you will cross traffic going opposite your original direction and traffic going opposite your intended direction. Be sure you end up in the right half of any two-way road, but in the left lane (if there is more than one). To make a right-hand turn, stay close to the curb or the edge of the road and do not cross any traffic when completing your turn. 2-7. Take breaks. Driving in unfamiliar territory can be exhausting and stressful. Taking regular breaks will allow you to take a minute to relax before you get on the road again. 2-8. Use the same steps when you go back home. You'll need to get used to driving on the left-side of the road again once you get back home. These steps should help with the adjustment back to your regular driving routine. Tips In many places, right hand turns are allowed on red signals after you stop.[16] X Expert Source Simon MiyerovDriving Instructor Expert Interview. 4 December 2019. Address traffic citations immediately, as debt can be seen as criminal in some countries.[17] X Research source Warnings Don't drink and drive no matter what side of the road you are driving on.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:23", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Taking Precautions\\n1-1. Research driving laws for the country you are traveling to.\\nSome countries have different road rules and road signs, so it's important to know what you're doing before you get on the road. Study up on the areas that you plan on traveling to, and get well-acquainted with their rules of the road before driving in that country. Don't forget that you might need to brush up on a different language depending on the country you'll be driving in as some road signs might be written instructions rather than visual signs, so know before you go.\\n1-2. Research the area on your map.\\nBefore you leave, study the area you'll be traveling in. Get to know the surrounding attractions on each route you take to get to your destination. It'll be harder to get lost if you can remember some key points of interest that can keep you headed in the right direction.\\n1-3. Store a map in your car.\\nMake sure you have your map on-hand at all times when driving in another country. A GPS is a convenient way to get around, but may have poor signal in some areas.\\n1-4. Adjust your headlights.\\nPurchase headlamp converters to ensure your headlights are adjusted for driving on the right. Make sure you buy ones that have clear instructions and are easy to remove. Follow the instructions on the package when putting the stickers on the headlights.\\n1-5. Put a reminder on your steering wheel or dashboard.\\nLabel a sticky note with the words “Drive on the Right” so you remember to stay on the right when you drive. Drivers get so used to driving on one side of the road that it's easy to fall into the routine of driving on that side. You wouldn't want to forget the drive on the right-hand side, as that could lead to accidents.\\n1-6. Make a “breakdown” plan.\\nKeep a list of reliable people or companies you can call to help you if your car breaks down. This way, you won't have to ask people you don't know who might speak a different language for help. Consider applying for insurance that will cover your car if it breaks down in the country you're in.\\n1-7. Find the steering wheel and the gearstick.\\nIn countries where one drives on the right-hand side of the road, the cars are built so that the driver sits on the left-hand side of the car instead of the right. Also, changing gears is done with the opposite hand.\\nNo matter what country you're in, the pedals will always be in the same position from left to right.\\n1-8. Practice in a car park.\\nBefore you drive on a public road, practice driving on the right-hand side and parking in a designated car park so you can build up some confidence before you go on the road. You'll find that you're more prepared and more accustomed to this different way of driving when you start to drive on public roads. Without practice, it's possible to become distracted by trying to remember how to drive on the right.\\n2. Driving Cautiously\\n2-1. Take in your surroundings.\\nIf you get confused, take a moment to look at the road signs around you. If they're facing you, you're going in the correct direction — that is, unless the signs read \\\"Wrong Way\\\" or \\\"Do Not Enter\\\"!\\nOncoming traffic is seen coming from the left.\\nLeft-turning traffic must cross oncoming traffic.\\nTraffic signs facing motorists are mostly on the right-hand side of the road.\\n2-2. Drive in the far right lane.\\nBecause you are a new learner, keep in mind that the \\\"fast\\\" lane is the left lane and the \\\"slow\\\" lane is the right lane, which is the opposite of what you're used to. (In both cases, however, it is the lane farthest from the oncoming traffic.) Let fast drivers pass on your left.\\nWhen you need to pass other drivers, give a left turn signal, move to the left, pass, signal right, and move in front.\\n2-3. Watch for pedestrians.\\nCheck your mirrors for pedestrians and be aware of your surroundings at all times. Normally, pedestrians are supposed to be walking on their left-hand side of the road, facing traffic, but human nature applies here, as in your home country: they can be anywhere.\\n2-4. Keep a farther driving distance in front of you.\\nMake sure the cars in front of you are farther ahead of you than you're used to. This way, you'll have more time to react to their driving. Stay four to five seconds behind the car in front of you, just like you would do when it's raining or snowing.\\n2-5. Remember that roundabouts go counterclockwise.\\nGet used to the counterclockwise rotation of roundabouts in places where you drive on the right side of the road. Remember to give the right of way to the left. Drive through roundabouts slower than what you're used to.\\n2-6. Make turns with care.\\nSignal in plenty of time to let other drivers know what you are doing, and make any necessary adjustments. Be sure to check all mirrors before turning or changing lanes.\\nMake a left turn by getting as close as possible to the left-most lane, nearest the median strip (in a divided road) or the center of the road (when oncoming traffic is immediately adjacent). When completing your turn, you will cross traffic going opposite your original direction and traffic going opposite your intended direction. Be sure you end up in the right half of any two-way road, but in the left lane (if there is more than one).\\nTo make a right-hand turn, stay close to the curb or the edge of the road and do not cross any traffic when completing your turn.\\n2-7. Take breaks.\\nDriving in unfamiliar territory can be exhausting and stressful. Taking regular breaks will allow you to take a minute to relax before you get on the road again.\\n2-8. Use the same steps when you go back home.\\nYou'll need to get used to driving on the left-side of the road again once you get back home. These steps should help with the adjustment back to your regular driving routine.\\nTips\\nIn many places, right hand turns are allowed on red signals after you stop.[16]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nSimon MiyerovDriving Instructor\\nExpert Interview. 4 December 2019.\\nAddress traffic citations immediately, as debt can be seen as criminal in some countries.[17]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nDon't drink and drive no matter what side of the road you are driving on.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"About a quarter of the world's population live in countries where people drive on the left-hand side of the road (e.g. Australia, Jamaica, Japan, Pakistan, India, Ireland, Malaysia, Nepal, New Zealand, Singapore, South Africa, and the UK). If you are from one of those countries but moving to or traveling in one where the driving is on the right-hand side, you've got some work to do before you start driving.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Taking Precautions\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research driving laws for the country you are traveling to.\", \"描述\": \"Some countries have different road rules and road signs, so it's important to know what you're doing before you get on the road. Study up on the areas that you plan on traveling to, and get well-acquainted with their rules of the road before driving in that country. Don't forget that you might need to brush up on a different language depending on the country you'll be driving in as some road signs might be written instructions rather than visual signs, so know before you go.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Research the area on your map.\", \"描述\": \"Before you leave, study the area you'll be traveling in. Get to know the surrounding attractions on each route you take to get to your destination. It'll be harder to get lost if you can remember some key points of interest that can keep you headed in the right direction.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Store a map in your car.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure you have your map on-hand at all times when driving in another country. A GPS is a convenient way to get around, but may have poor signal in some areas.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adjust your headlights.\", \"描述\": \"Purchase headlamp converters to ensure your headlights are adjusted for driving on the right. Make sure you buy ones that have clear instructions and are easy to remove. Follow the instructions on the package when putting the stickers on the headlights.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Put a reminder on your steering wheel or dashboard.\", \"描述\": \"Label a sticky note with the words “Drive on the Right” so you remember to stay on the right when you drive. Drivers get so used to driving on one side of the road that it's easy to fall into the routine of driving on that side. You wouldn't want to forget the drive on the right-hand side, as that could lead to accidents.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Make a “breakdown” plan.\", \"描述\": \"Keep a list of reliable people or companies you can call to help you if your car breaks down. This way, you won't have to ask people you don't know who might speak a different language for help. Consider applying for insurance that will cover your car if it breaks down in the country you're in.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Find the steering wheel and the gearstick.\", \"描述\": \"In countries where one drives on the right-hand side of the road, the cars are built so that the driver sits on the left-hand side of the car instead of the right. Also, changing gears is done with the opposite hand.\\nNo matter what country you're in, the pedals will always be in the same position from left to right.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Practice in a car park.\", \"描述\": \"Before you drive on a public road, practice driving on the right-hand side and parking in a designated car park so you can build up some confidence before you go on the road. You'll find that you're more prepared and more accustomed to this different way of driving when you start to drive on public roads. Without practice, it's possible to become distracted by trying to remember how to drive on the right.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Driving Cautiously\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take in your surroundings.\", \"描述\": \"If you get confused, take a moment to look at the road signs around you. If they're facing you, you're going in the correct direction — that is, unless the signs read \\\"Wrong Way\\\" or \\\"Do Not Enter\\\"!\\nOncoming traffic is seen coming from the left.\\nLeft-turning traffic must cross oncoming traffic.\\nTraffic signs facing motorists are mostly on the right-hand side of the road.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Drive in the far right lane.\", \"描述\": \"Because you are a new learner, keep in mind that the \\\"fast\\\" lane is the left lane and the \\\"slow\\\" lane is the right lane, which is the opposite of what you're used to. (In both cases, however, it is the lane farthest from the oncoming traffic.) Let fast drivers pass on your left.\\nWhen you need to pass other drivers, give a left turn signal, move to the left, pass, signal right, and move in front.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Watch for pedestrians.\", \"描述\": \"Check your mirrors for pedestrians and be aware of your surroundings at all times. Normally, pedestrians are supposed to be walking on their left-hand side of the road, facing traffic, but human nature applies here, as in your home country: they can be anywhere.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Keep a farther driving distance in front of you.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the cars in front of you are farther ahead of you than you're used to. This way, you'll have more time to react to their driving. Stay four to five seconds behind the car in front of you, just like you would do when it's raining or snowing.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Remember that roundabouts go counterclockwise.\", \"描述\": \"Get used to the counterclockwise rotation of roundabouts in places where you drive on the right side of the road. Remember to give the right of way to the left. Drive through roundabouts slower than what you're used to.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Make turns with care.\", \"描述\": \"Signal in plenty of time to let other drivers know what you are doing, and make any necessary adjustments. Be sure to check all mirrors before turning or changing lanes.\\nMake a left turn by getting as close as possible to the left-most lane, nearest the median strip (in a divided road) or the center of the road (when oncoming traffic is immediately adjacent). When completing your turn, you will cross traffic going opposite your original direction and traffic going opposite your intended direction. Be sure you end up in the right half of any two-way road, but in the left lane (if there is more than one).\\nTo make a right-hand turn, stay close to the curb or the edge of the road and do not cross any traffic when completing your turn.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Take breaks.\", \"描述\": \"Driving in unfamiliar territory can be exhausting and stressful. Taking regular breaks will allow you to take a minute to relax before you get on the road again.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Use the same steps when you go back home.\", \"描述\": \"You'll need to get used to driving on the left-side of the road again once you get back home. These steps should help with the adjustment back to your regular driving routine.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"In many places, right hand turns are allowed on red signals after you stop.[16]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nSimon MiyerovDriving Instructor\\nExpert Interview. 4 December 2019.\\n\", \"Address traffic citations immediately, as debt can be seen as criminal in some countries.[17]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't drink and drive no matter what side of the road you are driving on.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,458
How to Adjust to Hair Loss and Baldness
1. Hiding a Receding Hairline 1-1. Get a strategic haircut. If you are still adjusting to new hair loss, you might be able to subtly conceal it with the right haircut. Talk to your barber or stylist and ask for their opinion. Keep in mind that this is not a long-term solution, and that the wrong hairdo can emphasize rather than hide hair loss. Go for a textured crop. This short hair style adds layers and tousle to the top of your head, making for a more substantial look. Think Matthew McConaughey. A more messy style can work also, in that it can both conceal and draw attention away from a thinning pate. Get a Caesar cut. This very short style creates a vertical fringe for styling the hair forward to conceal a receding hairline. Avoid long hair. A longer length can actually draw attention to the fact that your hair is thinner. Steer clear of comb-overs, which exaggerate hair loss rather than disguising it. 1-2. Try concealing products. There are certain non-medical hair products that you can try to hide a bald spot or receding hairline, as well. These too are temporary fixes. Still, they can help in cases of early hair loss. Some products like Toppik use “electrostatically charged microfibers” made from keratin that intertwine with your own hair for a fuller appearance. Products like Toppik come in different colors and wash out with shampoo. Other products like DermMatch color your scalp so that it more closely resembles your hair. Coloring products help conceal thinness and coat the hair for a fuller look. These products are temporary. They don't actually increase the amount of hair on your head or stop the balding process. 1-3. Don a fashionable hat. Contrary to popular belief, wearing hats has no effect on balding. They do not cause the hair to fall out by rubbing or “straining” hair follicles. In fact, wearing a hat might be a good choice is you are self-conscious about hair loss while out and about. According to legend, Frank Sinatra started wearing his trademark fedora to hide his receding hair line. Not only was it the height of cool, but Sinatra also angled it to convey different moods. A pushed back hat conveys accessibility, tipped forward gives a sense of mystery, and slightly tilted up means no-nonsense. You can choose any variety of hat, depending on your personal style. A fedora exudes cool, while a homburg is more debonair and a ball cap more casual. 2. Taking Action Against Baldness 2-1. Shop for a hairpiece. If your baldness is more advanced, or you just feel more self-conscious about it, one option to consider is a hairpiece, sometimes called a toupee. Don’t write toupees off as a joke. A cheap toupee can look terrible, it is true, but a customized hairpiece is worth the money. Although no longer as popular as they once were, top-of-the-line, customized “hair systems” are much better than the “rugs” of old. These weave real human hair into a membrane that looks like scalp, which is then fitted to the client’s head. Adhesive technology has also come a long way. New hypoallergenic glues can bond the toupee to the scalp for as long as six weeks and even allow the wearer to swim. An elite hairpiece will not come cheap, however. Expect to pay out around $1,000 to $3,000. 2-2. Experiment with hair growth medicine. Balding men can also look to a number of medications that either slow hair loss or, in some cases, stop and reverse it. Many such products are ineffective – no better than snake oil. However, the last twenty years has seen at least two that are medically tested and proven. Talk to your doctor about these, especially Propecia and Minoxidil. Propecia was approved by the FDA in 1997 and works in a majority of men. About 65% of patients experience a “significant” increase in hair growth. Minoxidil, better known by the brand name Rogaine, is applied topically. While it does sometimes slow or halt hair loss, some physicians do not consider it effective. Users may also start to lose hair again after they stop treatment. 2-3. Talk to your doctor about hair transplants. Hair replacement therapy is one of the more aggressive ways to combat baldness. A doctor grafts baldness-resistant hair follicles from the back or sides of the head and “transplants” them to thinning patches, so that the new hair will also be resistant to balding. Hair transplants have a success rate of about 60% in 6 to 9 months. Often patients undergo the therapy in conjunction with hair growth topicals or medicine. You may experience pain or tenderness in your scalp for several days, and your doctor may prescribe pain meds or a surgical dressing for several days after. Be advised that, if done poorly, hair transplants can look unnatural. Hair transplants are also expensive. You'll need between 600-1000 individual scalp grafts, each costing around $6. In total, expect to pay $6,000 to $10,000 for a full head of hair. 3. Embracing Your Baldness 3-1. Try to come to terms with your loss. Many (probably all) men panic when they first see a thinning patch in their hair. Hair symbolizes vitality, sex appeal, and youth. Men fear going bald because they fear that they are losing these things. However, the truth is that it’s all in the mind. Reconciling yourself to less hair, and being proud of your baldness, could make you happier in the end. There is a big difference between thinking “I feel unattractive” and “I AM unattractive.” Learn to recognize negative feelings and then consciously let them pass. Some people call this a “mental shrug.” If you feel silly, tell yourself, “Yes, I feel foolish.” Then, move on with what you are doing without letting the thoughts control you. Challenge your negative thoughts like you'd challenge a random person making a mean comment about you. 3-2. Take steps to lessen self-consciousness. Do away with “conventional” definitions of attractiveness, for one, and try to cultivate a healthier self-image. The media may show the ideal man one way, but there are many ways to be a strong and handsome man. You can adopt a different view. Don’t compare yourself to others. Every individual has a unique makeup. The men you see in the movies and in magazines have the benefit of things like cosmetic treatments and airbrushing. Your talents, your interests, and your relationships define you more than looks. Find things that you like about yourself, like the fact that you have a fine baritone voice or are a great fullback on your soccer team. Take a break from mirrors if you find yourself obsessing about your hair. When you feel tempted to check your hairline in a mirror, remind yourself of your great inner qualities. 3-3. Learn to love baldness. Your goal shouldn’t just be toleration of how you look, but pride and acceptance. Remember that you are not alone. Baldness is a part of being male and there is no reason to let it control your emotions. In fact, one of the most powerful things you can do to combat hair loss is to not just live with it but embrace it. Accept it. 50 million men in the US have some amount of hair loss, and hair loss increases as we age. About 50% of men have some hair loss by age 50, while 80% experience it by age 70. What do Sean Connery, Patrick Stewart, Michael Jordan, Bruce Willis, and LL Cool J have in common? They are all bald – and they don’t hide it. Keep in mind that some women find bald men very attractive. What many find especially attractive is confidence, though, whether a guy has hair or no. 3-4. Don’t try to hide it. With thinning hair, you might be better shaving it off. According to one study, men with shaved heads were consistently rated as more masculine and dominant than those who tried to conceal hair loss, in addition to being rated as taller and stronger. By embracing baldness, you might actually appear more rather than less manly and attractive. Concealing thinning hair can be a big turn-off, as the concealment looks desperate and lacking in self-assurance. 3-5. Go for a close-cropped look. Try a hair style that shows your thinning hair to best advantage. The general rule is that short is better when it comes to balding men, whether you go crew cut or full cue ball. For one thing, close-cropped hairstyles give your hair a sense of added fullness and lift. They also make existing bald spots less conspicuous and are much less expensive in the long-run than concealment or treatments. Shorter lengths like buzz cuts also exude confidence. They say to onlookers, “Yes, I’m balding. So what?” 3-6. Shave it off. The final way to embrace your baldness is to go beyond the close crop and shave everything off. It is conspicuous, it is self-confident, and it is a good option for men with large bald spots. Although you will have to razor your head every now and then, with a clean shave on top, you'll never have to bother with washing and styling again. For many men with the style, the shaved head has become a signature look. Consider Michael Jordan, Captain Picard, and Andre Agassi. 3-7. Grow facial hair. You can also grow facial hair as a way to offset the loss up top and to direct attention down from your thinning pate. Adding a mustache, beard, or goatee can help to balance your face. Full goatees work well with thinning hair, for example, as do thick, handlebar mustaches. A full, bushy beard and shaved head is another bold look. If done properly, it can be extremely manly.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:23", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Hiding a Receding Hairline\\n1-1. Get a strategic haircut.\\nIf you are still adjusting to new hair loss, you might be able to subtly conceal it with the right haircut. Talk to your barber or stylist and ask for their opinion. Keep in mind that this is not a long-term solution, and that the wrong hairdo can emphasize rather than hide hair loss.\\nGo for a textured crop. This short hair style adds layers and tousle to the top of your head, making for a more substantial look. Think Matthew McConaughey.\\nA more messy style can work also, in that it can both conceal and draw attention away from a thinning pate.\\nGet a Caesar cut. This very short style creates a vertical fringe for styling the hair forward to conceal a receding hairline.\\nAvoid long hair. A longer length can actually draw attention to the fact that your hair is thinner.\\nSteer clear of comb-overs, which exaggerate hair loss rather than disguising it.\\n1-2. Try concealing products.\\nThere are certain non-medical hair products that you can try to hide a bald spot or receding hairline, as well. These too are temporary fixes. Still, they can help in cases of early hair loss.\\nSome products like Toppik use “electrostatically charged microfibers” made from keratin that intertwine with your own hair for a fuller appearance.\\nProducts like Toppik come in different colors and wash out with shampoo.\\nOther products like DermMatch color your scalp so that it more closely resembles your hair.\\nColoring products help conceal thinness and coat the hair for a fuller look.\\nThese products are temporary. They don't actually increase the amount of hair on your head or stop the balding process.\\n1-3. Don a fashionable hat.\\nContrary to popular belief, wearing hats has no effect on balding. They do not cause the hair to fall out by rubbing or “straining” hair follicles. In fact, wearing a hat might be a good choice is you are self-conscious about hair loss while out and about.\\nAccording to legend, Frank Sinatra started wearing his trademark fedora to hide his receding hair line.\\nNot only was it the height of cool, but Sinatra also angled it to convey different moods.\\nA pushed back hat conveys accessibility, tipped forward gives a sense of mystery, and slightly tilted up means no-nonsense.\\nYou can choose any variety of hat, depending on your personal style. A fedora exudes cool, while a homburg is more debonair and a ball cap more casual.\\n2. Taking Action Against Baldness\\n2-1. Shop for a hairpiece.\\nIf your baldness is more advanced, or you just feel more self-conscious about it, one option to consider is a hairpiece, sometimes called a toupee. Don’t write toupees off as a joke. A cheap toupee can look terrible, it is true, but a customized hairpiece is worth the money.\\nAlthough no longer as popular as they once were, top-of-the-line, customized “hair systems” are much better than the “rugs” of old.\\nThese weave real human hair into a membrane that looks like scalp, which is then fitted to the client’s head.\\nAdhesive technology has also come a long way. New hypoallergenic glues can bond the toupee to the scalp for as long as six weeks and even allow the wearer to swim.\\nAn elite hairpiece will not come cheap, however. Expect to pay out around $1,000 to $3,000.\\n2-2. Experiment with hair growth medicine.\\nBalding men can also look to a number of medications that either slow hair loss or, in some cases, stop and reverse it. Many such products are ineffective – no better than snake oil. However, the last twenty years has seen at least two that are medically tested and proven. Talk to your doctor about these, especially Propecia and Minoxidil.\\nPropecia was approved by the FDA in 1997 and works in a majority of men. About 65% of patients experience a “significant” increase in hair growth.\\nMinoxidil, better known by the brand name Rogaine, is applied topically.\\nWhile it does sometimes slow or halt hair loss, some physicians do not consider it effective.\\nUsers may also start to lose hair again after they stop treatment.\\n2-3. Talk to your doctor about hair transplants.\\nHair replacement therapy is one of the more aggressive ways to combat baldness. A doctor grafts baldness-resistant hair follicles from the back or sides of the head and “transplants” them to thinning patches, so that the new hair will also be resistant to balding.\\nHair transplants have a success rate of about 60% in 6 to 9 months.\\nOften patients undergo the therapy in conjunction with hair growth topicals or medicine.\\nYou may experience pain or tenderness in your scalp for several days, and your doctor may prescribe pain meds or a surgical dressing for several days after.\\nBe advised that, if done poorly, hair transplants can look unnatural.\\nHair transplants are also expensive. You'll need between 600-1000 individual scalp grafts, each costing around $6.\\nIn total, expect to pay $6,000 to $10,000 for a full head of hair.\\n3. Embracing Your Baldness\\n3-1. Try to come to terms with your loss.\\nMany (probably all) men panic when they first see a thinning patch in their hair. Hair symbolizes vitality, sex appeal, and youth. Men fear going bald because they fear that they are losing these things. However, the truth is that it’s all in the mind. Reconciling yourself to less hair, and being proud of your baldness, could make you happier in the end.\\nThere is a big difference between thinking “I feel unattractive” and “I AM unattractive.”\\nLearn to recognize negative feelings and then consciously let them pass. Some people call this a “mental shrug.”\\nIf you feel silly, tell yourself, “Yes, I feel foolish.” Then, move on with what you are doing without letting the thoughts control you.\\nChallenge your negative thoughts like you'd challenge a random person making a mean comment about you.\\n3-2. Take steps to lessen self-consciousness.\\nDo away with “conventional” definitions of attractiveness, for one, and try to cultivate a healthier self-image. The media may show the ideal man one way, but there are many ways to be a strong and handsome man. You can adopt a different view.\\nDon’t compare yourself to others. Every individual has a unique makeup.\\nThe men you see in the movies and in magazines have the benefit of things like cosmetic treatments and airbrushing.\\nYour talents, your interests, and your relationships define you more than looks.\\nFind things that you like about yourself, like the fact that you have a fine baritone voice or are a great fullback on your soccer team.\\nTake a break from mirrors if you find yourself obsessing about your hair.\\nWhen you feel tempted to check your hairline in a mirror, remind yourself of your great inner qualities.\\n3-3. Learn to love baldness.\\nYour goal shouldn’t just be toleration of how you look, but pride and acceptance. Remember that you are not alone. Baldness is a part of being male and there is no reason to let it control your emotions. In fact, one of the most powerful things you can do to combat hair loss is to not just live with it but embrace it.\\nAccept it. 50 million men in the US have some amount of hair loss, and hair loss increases as we age.\\nAbout 50% of men have some hair loss by age 50, while 80% experience it by age 70.\\nWhat do Sean Connery, Patrick Stewart, Michael Jordan, Bruce Willis, and LL Cool J have in common? They are all bald – and they don’t hide it.\\nKeep in mind that some women find bald men very attractive. What many find especially attractive is confidence, though, whether a guy has hair or no.\\n3-4. Don’t try to hide it.\\nWith thinning hair, you might be better shaving it off. According to one study, men with shaved heads were consistently rated as more masculine and dominant than those who tried to conceal hair loss, in addition to being rated as taller and stronger.\\nBy embracing baldness, you might actually appear more rather than less manly and attractive.\\nConcealing thinning hair can be a big turn-off, as the concealment looks desperate and lacking in self-assurance.\\n3-5. Go for a close-cropped look.\\nTry a hair style that shows your thinning hair to best advantage. The general rule is that short is better when it comes to balding men, whether you go crew cut or full cue ball.\\nFor one thing, close-cropped hairstyles give your hair a sense of added fullness and lift.\\nThey also make existing bald spots less conspicuous and are much less expensive in the long-run than concealment or treatments.\\nShorter lengths like buzz cuts also exude confidence. They say to onlookers, “Yes, I’m balding. So what?”\\n3-6. Shave it off.\\nThe final way to embrace your baldness is to go beyond the close crop and shave everything off. It is conspicuous, it is self-confident, and it is a good option for men with large bald spots.\\nAlthough you will have to razor your head every now and then, with a clean shave on top, you'll never have to bother with washing and styling again.\\nFor many men with the style, the shaved head has become a signature look.\\nConsider Michael Jordan, Captain Picard, and Andre Agassi.\\n3-7. Grow facial hair.\\nYou can also grow facial hair as a way to offset the loss up top and to direct attention down from your thinning pate. Adding a mustache, beard, or goatee can help to balance your face.\\nFull goatees work well with thinning hair, for example, as do thick, handlebar mustaches.\\nA full, bushy beard and shaved head is another bold look. If done properly, it can be extremely manly.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You are combing your hair one morning and notice a thin patch. Or is it? You second guess yourself for a moment and then panic. It definitely is thin! Balding is a reality that most men – and even some women – will face in their lifetime and it can exact a heavy mental toll, from depression to self-consciousness. However, you’ll find that with a little work you can embrace your baldness. If you’d rather conceal your hair loss while you adjust, there are ways to do that, too.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Hiding a Receding Hairline\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a strategic haircut.\", \"描述\": \"If you are still adjusting to new hair loss, you might be able to subtly conceal it with the right haircut. Talk to your barber or stylist and ask for their opinion. Keep in mind that this is not a long-term solution, and that the wrong hairdo can emphasize rather than hide hair loss.\\nGo for a textured crop. This short hair style adds layers and tousle to the top of your head, making for a more substantial look. Think Matthew McConaughey.\\nA more messy style can work also, in that it can both conceal and draw attention away from a thinning pate.\\nGet a Caesar cut. This very short style creates a vertical fringe for styling the hair forward to conceal a receding hairline.\\nAvoid long hair. A longer length can actually draw attention to the fact that your hair is thinner.\\nSteer clear of comb-overs, which exaggerate hair loss rather than disguising it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try concealing products.\", \"描述\": \"There are certain non-medical hair products that you can try to hide a bald spot or receding hairline, as well. These too are temporary fixes. Still, they can help in cases of early hair loss.\\nSome products like Toppik use “electrostatically charged microfibers” made from keratin that intertwine with your own hair for a fuller appearance.\\nProducts like Toppik come in different colors and wash out with shampoo.\\nOther products like DermMatch color your scalp so that it more closely resembles your hair.\\nColoring products help conceal thinness and coat the hair for a fuller look.\\nThese products are temporary. They don't actually increase the amount of hair on your head or stop the balding process.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Don a fashionable hat.\", \"描述\": \"Contrary to popular belief, wearing hats has no effect on balding. They do not cause the hair to fall out by rubbing or “straining” hair follicles. In fact, wearing a hat might be a good choice is you are self-conscious about hair loss while out and about.\\nAccording to legend, Frank Sinatra started wearing his trademark fedora to hide his receding hair line.\\nNot only was it the height of cool, but Sinatra also angled it to convey different moods.\\nA pushed back hat conveys accessibility, tipped forward gives a sense of mystery, and slightly tilted up means no-nonsense.\\nYou can choose any variety of hat, depending on your personal style. A fedora exudes cool, while a homburg is more debonair and a ball cap more casual.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Taking Action Against Baldness\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Shop for a hairpiece.\", \"描述\": \"If your baldness is more advanced, or you just feel more self-conscious about it, one option to consider is a hairpiece, sometimes called a toupee. Don’t write toupees off as a joke. A cheap toupee can look terrible, it is true, but a customized hairpiece is worth the money.\\nAlthough no longer as popular as they once were, top-of-the-line, customized “hair systems” are much better than the “rugs” of old.\\nThese weave real human hair into a membrane that looks like scalp, which is then fitted to the client’s head.\\nAdhesive technology has also come a long way. New hypoallergenic glues can bond the toupee to the scalp for as long as six weeks and even allow the wearer to swim.\\nAn elite hairpiece will not come cheap, however. Expect to pay out around $1,000 to $3,000.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Experiment with hair growth medicine.\", \"描述\": \"Balding men can also look to a number of medications that either slow hair loss or, in some cases, stop and reverse it. Many such products are ineffective – no better than snake oil. However, the last twenty years has seen at least two that are medically tested and proven. Talk to your doctor about these, especially Propecia and Minoxidil.\\nPropecia was approved by the FDA in 1997 and works in a majority of men. About 65% of patients experience a “significant” increase in hair growth.\\nMinoxidil, better known by the brand name Rogaine, is applied topically.\\nWhile it does sometimes slow or halt hair loss, some physicians do not consider it effective.\\nUsers may also start to lose hair again after they stop treatment.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Talk to your doctor about hair transplants.\", \"描述\": \"Hair replacement therapy is one of the more aggressive ways to combat baldness. A doctor grafts baldness-resistant hair follicles from the back or sides of the head and “transplants” them to thinning patches, so that the new hair will also be resistant to balding.\\nHair transplants have a success rate of about 60% in 6 to 9 months.\\nOften patients undergo the therapy in conjunction with hair growth topicals or medicine.\\nYou may experience pain or tenderness in your scalp for several days, and your doctor may prescribe pain meds or a surgical dressing for several days after.\\nBe advised that, if done poorly, hair transplants can look unnatural.\\nHair transplants are also expensive. You'll need between 600-1000 individual scalp grafts, each costing around $6.\\nIn total, expect to pay $6,000 to $10,000 for a full head of hair.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Embracing Your Baldness\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Try to come to terms with your loss.\", \"描述\": \"Many (probably all) men panic when they first see a thinning patch in their hair. Hair symbolizes vitality, sex appeal, and youth. Men fear going bald because they fear that they are losing these things. However, the truth is that it’s all in the mind. Reconciling yourself to less hair, and being proud of your baldness, could make you happier in the end.\\nThere is a big difference between thinking “I feel unattractive” and “I AM unattractive.”\\nLearn to recognize negative feelings and then consciously let them pass. Some people call this a “mental shrug.”\\nIf you feel silly, tell yourself, “Yes, I feel foolish.” Then, move on with what you are doing without letting the thoughts control you.\\nChallenge your negative thoughts like you'd challenge a random person making a mean comment about you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take steps to lessen self-consciousness.\", \"描述\": \"Do away with “conventional” definitions of attractiveness, for one, and try to cultivate a healthier self-image. The media may show the ideal man one way, but there are many ways to be a strong and handsome man. You can adopt a different view.\\nDon’t compare yourself to others. Every individual has a unique makeup.\\nThe men you see in the movies and in magazines have the benefit of things like cosmetic treatments and airbrushing.\\nYour talents, your interests, and your relationships define you more than looks.\\nFind things that you like about yourself, like the fact that you have a fine baritone voice or are a great fullback on your soccer team.\\nTake a break from mirrors if you find yourself obsessing about your hair.\\nWhen you feel tempted to check your hairline in a mirror, remind yourself of your great inner qualities.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn to love baldness.\", \"描述\": \"Your goal shouldn’t just be toleration of how you look, but pride and acceptance. Remember that you are not alone. Baldness is a part of being male and there is no reason to let it control your emotions. In fact, one of the most powerful things you can do to combat hair loss is to not just live with it but embrace it.\\nAccept it. 50 million men in the US have some amount of hair loss, and hair loss increases as we age.\\nAbout 50% of men have some hair loss by age 50, while 80% experience it by age 70.\\nWhat do Sean Connery, Patrick Stewart, Michael Jordan, Bruce Willis, and LL Cool J have in common? They are all bald – and they don’t hide it.\\nKeep in mind that some women find bald men very attractive. What many find especially attractive is confidence, though, whether a guy has hair or no.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don’t try to hide it.\", \"描述\": \"With thinning hair, you might be better shaving it off. According to one study, men with shaved heads were consistently rated as more masculine and dominant than those who tried to conceal hair loss, in addition to being rated as taller and stronger.\\nBy embracing baldness, you might actually appear more rather than less manly and attractive.\\nConcealing thinning hair can be a big turn-off, as the concealment looks desperate and lacking in self-assurance.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Go for a close-cropped look.\", \"描述\": \"Try a hair style that shows your thinning hair to best advantage. The general rule is that short is better when it comes to balding men, whether you go crew cut or full cue ball.\\nFor one thing, close-cropped hairstyles give your hair a sense of added fullness and lift.\\nThey also make existing bald spots less conspicuous and are much less expensive in the long-run than concealment or treatments.\\nShorter lengths like buzz cuts also exude confidence. They say to onlookers, “Yes, I’m balding. So what?”\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Shave it off.\", \"描述\": \"The final way to embrace your baldness is to go beyond the close crop and shave everything off. It is conspicuous, it is self-confident, and it is a good option for men with large bald spots.\\nAlthough you will have to razor your head every now and then, with a clean shave on top, you'll never have to bother with washing and styling again.\\nFor many men with the style, the shaved head has become a signature look.\\nConsider Michael Jordan, Captain Picard, and Andre Agassi.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Grow facial hair.\", \"描述\": \"You can also grow facial hair as a way to offset the loss up top and to direct attention down from your thinning pate. Adding a mustache, beard, or goatee can help to balance your face.\\nFull goatees work well with thinning hair, for example, as do thick, handlebar mustaches.\\nA full, bushy beard and shaved head is another bold look. If done properly, it can be extremely manly.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,459
How to Adjust to Retirement
1. Preparing Emotionally 1-1. Expect some sadness. It's very normal to feel sad after you retire. You should not expect to go into retirement with elation right away. There will be an adjustment period in which you grieve the loss of your job and livelihood. This is normal. Try to allow yourself to feel what you are feeling without judgment. If you've been settled into a career for awhile, chances are your job is more than just a job. It provides you with a sense of fulfillment each day. Your social life is likely connected to your work life. While you may not miss the schedule and demands, you may miss the social connections, sense of meaning you gained from work, and the structure of your day. Remind yourself that it's okay and normal to be sad. Most people who retire experience some level of sadness initially. Allow yourself to feel what you're feeling, good or bad, in the wake of retirement. Keep in mind emotions are not permanent. While you may dislike feelings of sadness you experience, do not expect them to last forever. 1-2. Mend old feuds. In retirement, you will no longer have your career as a distraction. Old emotions from your past may resurface. You may find yourself dwelling on past disagreements or feuds with family members and friends. If you have a relationship that needs mending, be proactive. Try to reach out shortly after retirement to avoid letting bitter feelings take over. It can be hard to reach out to someone who you have a bad history with. Try writing a letter or e-mail, as sometimes difficult conversations can be easier to get out in writing. Be open to seeing the other person's point of view. There may have been a way you could have behaved differently to salvage a friendship or family relationship. Apologize. Even if you don't feel you were in the wrong, an apology can go a long way. It shows the opposite party his or her feelings were heard and understood. 1-3. Have realistic expectations. Many people have high expectations going into retirement. You may think you will now have time to do all those things you put off due to your work schedule. However, not working can be stressful. The emotional toll of retirement may prevent you from diving into the plans you've made. Make a list of what you can reasonably expect to do in the weeks or months following your retirement. Try not to stack your list with too much. Even with your newfound free time, it takes awhile to get into a new project. Remind yourself you're not going to complete all your post-retirement plans within your first six months. Allow yourself to adjust. You may see retirement as your chance to finally read War and Peace, but you may not feel like doing much reading right away. You may need some time to adjust emotionally before taking on new projects or pursuits. 1-4. Think about your new identity. For many, identity is tied to career. You may see yourself as independent, an achiever, and a good provider. In retirement, you may feel less connected to these roles. Try to take some time to establish a new identity. You're no longer bringing in a paycheck each week. You may feel less useful or fulfilled. However, retirement presents the exciting opportunity for new roles. You are now a caregiver. You will have more time to look out for elderly relatives and your children or grandchildren. You can also take retirement as an opportunity to get involved in your community. You can see yourself as an active community member as well. As with any aspect of retirement, adjusting to a new identity can take time. Do not be surprised if it takes a few months to accept your new identity in your community and family. 1-5. Prepare for changes in your relationship with your spouse. If you are married, retirement can change your relationship. Couples can become stressed when neither party has a fixed schedule. Prepare for changes in your marriage ahead of time to reduce potential tension. Form a mutually acceptable plan for your future. You both likely have plans you want to pursue in retirement. What plans can you do together? What plans should you pursue on your own? Decide how much time you want to spend together. While doing activities together is important, it's also important to have some alone time. Talk about the little things as well. You may be looking forward to sleeping in each day as long as you want. Your spouse, however, may want to keep getting up early to maintain some schedule. Find a way to compromise. Maybe you can sleep in three days a week, but agree to get up the other four. Avoid codependency. If your partner did not work, that person may have a social life and schedule of his or her own. Try not to infringe on your partner's time. Allow your partner to maintain his her own schedule and understand you will not always be included in plans. 1-6. Maintain social connections. Oftentimes, your social life is heavily connected to your work life. When you're retired, you may find yourself socializing less often. Humans need social connections at all ages. Work to maintain social connections after retirement. Make plans with friends. This can be awkward, as oftentimes work plans are spur of the moment. You may have decided to grab a drink with a co-worker after a long day. Now, you'll have to actively reach out when you want to spend time with friends. Try to talk to friends about the possibility of regularly scheduled social events, like weekly game nights. Get on social media. While Facebook or Twitter may seem like silly ways to stay in touch, you'd be surprised how many social events are planned via a social media platform. Simply maintaining a regular Facebook profile can help you maintain social connections after retirement. Reach out to non-work friends. During your career, you may have inadvertently limited your social contact to work friends. You may have lessened contact with friends from school or the community. Try to make plans with friends you neglected during your career. 1-7. Reflect on the past. Retirement provides you with an invaluable opportunity to reflect on your past. Try to look back on the trajectory of your life. Reflect on past moments. An increased understanding and appreciation for the past can help you understand yourself, making the transition into retirement smoother. You will be spending a lot of time alone with your thoughts in retirement, so being okay with yourself and your choices is important. Go through old photo albums or family movies to spur memories. Pause as you browse old albums and videos, trying to put yourself back in the moment and savor the memory. Ask yourself questions as you consider the past. Why did you make the choices you made? Are you happy with how you spent your time? If there's anything you feel you missed out on, retirement could give you an opportunity to pursue it. Reminisce with others. Call up an old friend or family member and talk about the past. If you have family or friends in town, make plans to get coffee or drinks and talk about the past. 2. Making Plans 2-1. Take time off initially. A lot of people go into retirement with many plans for the future. However, this is not always realistic. Making big commitments within the first months of retirement may prove stressful. Give yourself a year to simply live without working. Take some small trips and look into engaging in some small hobbies. However, hold off on your big plans and endeavors until you've had time to get accustom to not working. 2-2. Stay on a schedule. An unstructured life can be stressful. Even if you have no work obligations, try to get on some kind of schedule after retirement. You will feel better physically and emotionally if your life retains some structure after retirement. Stick to commitments, even small ones. For example, make a point of taking a long walk each morning. Shower every day. Make lunch for yourself every day at noon. Consider your sleep schedule. If you're not going to bed and waking up at roughly the same time each day, it can be hard to stick to other routines. While you may like the idea of being able to sleep in, consider getting up around 9 each morning anyway. A regular sleep schedule will allow you to maintain a regular exercise, eating, and social schedule as well. 2-3. Make some goals for retirement. As stated, give yourself a year or so to adjust. However, during this time you should write down some goals for yourself. Going into retirement with a plan can help prevent stagnancy. Think about what you want to do now that you're retired. When you were working, there were likely many things you simply did not have time for. Maybe you want to volunteer with your community more. Maybe you want to spend more time with your grandkids. Maybe there's some reading you want to finally get done. Also, consider travel plans. If you never took that trip to California, maybe you can do so now if you have the time and money. Try to think of a realistic time table for retirement goals. You're not going to check everything off your bucket list in a year. However, maybe you can hope to have accomplished some of your post-retirement goals in 2 to 3 years. 2-4. Consider post-retirement work. After retirement, many people pursue work. You may want to try a new career or look into part-time employment. Even when working is not financially necessary, many people derive a sense of purpose through having a job. Consider looking for work after retirement if you like the idea of having some schedule and guidance even when you're technically retired. It can be difficult to find employment, especially in a new field, after retiring. However, there may be organizations in your area dedicated to helping people starting second careers late in life. Browse the yellow pages or look online to see if there are any organizations in your community. You could also consider part-time, less demanding work. Substitute teaching, for example, has a fairly easy certification process in most states. You would not have a regular, demanding schedule, but you would have some structure in your life. There are a lot of benefits to post-retirement work. Studies show it lessens depression associated with retirement and may stave off cognitive decay that comes with age. If you feel lost without a career as guidance, post-retirement work is worth considering. 2-5. Get involved in your community. For many, retirement is a chance to get involved. Consider joining an organization or volunteering in retirement. There may be organizations in your town specifically made for the recently retired. Consider what you always wanted to do, but never had time for when you were working. Maybe you always wanted to be on the local theater board, but simply could not fit the meetings into your schedule. Keep your personality type in mind. You may not enjoy all activities and events catered to the recently retired. It's okay to pass on certain opportunities and social events. You should seek to find post-retirement involvement that suits your specific needs. 2-6. Reconnect with old friends. Work takes up a lot of your time and social life. There are probably friends from outside the office you have not seen in years. Consider calling an old friend and inviting him or her out to lunch or dinner. Relationships often fall to the wayside when you're busy with work commitments. Your college roommate, who you thought you'd be close to for life, may have disappeared from your life over time. However, strong friendships tend to rekindle easily, even if a lot of time has passed. Call up a friend you have no seen in years. Consider visiting old friends. If you still know a lot of people in your hometown, make a trip to visit. If you've been promising your friend Matt from grad school you would come visit him Seattle one of these days, do so in retirement. 2-7. Consider a memoir writing class. Memoir writing can be a fun, creative way to help you adjust to retirement. It can also allow you to examine your past, enhancing your understanding of yourself and your life. See if any local community centers or colleges offer memoir writing classes. Some universities allowed retired people to audit courses or take them for a small fee. You can also look into online courses. A wide variety of universities offer coursework online. 3. Caring for Yourself 3-1. Eat right. Make sure to take care of yourself in retirement. Without the schedule provided by work, basic habits like eating can fall to the wayside. As you get older, certain health problems like high blood pressure become more likely. A low-fat diet, rich in fruits and vegetables, can help stave off age-related illnesses. Talk to your doctor about your diet. If you're older, you may be at risk for age-related health conditions. Have a full physical shortly after retirement and talk to your doctor about what your diet should ideally look like. Try to eat regularly. Oftentimes, mealtimes are dictated by breaks in work. For example, you may have stopped at 2 for lunch in the office each day. Now that you are retired, make an effort to have breakfast, lunch, and dinner at roughly the same times each day. 3-2. Track your medications. If you're older, you likely have medications that you need to take each day. It may be difficult to keep track of your medication regiment. If you have a lot of medication, try writing a list of which meds you need to take which days. You can also buy a pill container at the supermarket which is divided into sections marked by the days of the week. You can place the pills you need to take each week in the container. This can be a helpful tool for tracking medications. 3-3. Stay physically active. You should strive to stay physically active in retirement. Exercise is also often tied in with your work schedule. You may, for example, hit the gym 3 days a week after work. Now that you're retired, work on staying active. Even something small, like a short walk each day, can help prevent age-related medical problems. As you get older, certain activities may be difficult. Look for exercise groups for the elderly, like water aerobics, to keep active later in life. 3-4. Keep an eye on your mental health. Retirement can be associated with an increased risk for mental health issues like depression and anxiety. If you notice a change in your mood, consider talking to a mental health professional. You can find a therapist through your insurance or ask your regular doctor for a referral. Many people struggle with mental health issues with retirement. Talking out these issues with a therapist can help. Keep your mind active by doing puzzles, sudoku, and learning new hobbies. Tips You may look at the early months of retirement as the "honeymoon" phase when you want to do all the things you ever dreamed of doing. This phase soon passes. Expect to feel a little letdown after you get used to being retired. If you retire at an early age, such as 40 or 50, you may consider taking a part-time job to supplement your retirement income and keep yourself active.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:23", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing Emotionally\\n1-1. Expect some sadness.\\nIt's very normal to feel sad after you retire. You should not expect to go into retirement with elation right away. There will be an adjustment period in which you grieve the loss of your job and livelihood. This is normal. Try to allow yourself to feel what you are feeling without judgment.\\nIf you've been settled into a career for awhile, chances are your job is more than just a job. It provides you with a sense of fulfillment each day. Your social life is likely connected to your work life. While you may not miss the schedule and demands, you may miss the social connections, sense of meaning you gained from work, and the structure of your day.\\nRemind yourself that it's okay and normal to be sad. Most people who retire experience some level of sadness initially. Allow yourself to feel what you're feeling, good or bad, in the wake of retirement. Keep in mind emotions are not permanent. While you may dislike feelings of sadness you experience, do not expect them to last forever.\\n1-2. Mend old feuds.\\nIn retirement, you will no longer have your career as a distraction. Old emotions from your past may resurface. You may find yourself dwelling on past disagreements or feuds with family members and friends. If you have a relationship that needs mending, be proactive. Try to reach out shortly after retirement to avoid letting bitter feelings take over.\\nIt can be hard to reach out to someone who you have a bad history with. Try writing a letter or e-mail, as sometimes difficult conversations can be easier to get out in writing.\\nBe open to seeing the other person's point of view. There may have been a way you could have behaved differently to salvage a friendship or family relationship.\\nApologize. Even if you don't feel you were in the wrong, an apology can go a long way. It shows the opposite party his or her feelings were heard and understood.\\n1-3. Have realistic expectations.\\nMany people have high expectations going into retirement. You may think you will now have time to do all those things you put off due to your work schedule. However, not working can be stressful. The emotional toll of retirement may prevent you from diving into the plans you've made.\\nMake a list of what you can reasonably expect to do in the weeks or months following your retirement. Try not to stack your list with too much. Even with your newfound free time, it takes awhile to get into a new project. Remind yourself you're not going to complete all your post-retirement plans within your first six months.\\nAllow yourself to adjust. You may see retirement as your chance to finally read War and Peace, but you may not feel like doing much reading right away. You may need some time to adjust emotionally before taking on new projects or pursuits.\\n1-4. Think about your new identity.\\nFor many, identity is tied to career. You may see yourself as independent, an achiever, and a good provider. In retirement, you may feel less connected to these roles. Try to take some time to establish a new identity.\\nYou're no longer bringing in a paycheck each week. You may feel less useful or fulfilled. However, retirement presents the exciting opportunity for new roles.\\nYou are now a caregiver. You will have more time to look out for elderly relatives and your children or grandchildren. You can also take retirement as an opportunity to get involved in your community. You can see yourself as an active community member as well.\\nAs with any aspect of retirement, adjusting to a new identity can take time. Do not be surprised if it takes a few months to accept your new identity in your community and family.\\n1-5. Prepare for changes in your relationship with your spouse.\\nIf you are married, retirement can change your relationship. Couples can become stressed when neither party has a fixed schedule. Prepare for changes in your marriage ahead of time to reduce potential tension.\\nForm a mutually acceptable plan for your future. You both likely have plans you want to pursue in retirement. What plans can you do together? What plans should you pursue on your own? Decide how much time you want to spend together. While doing activities together is important, it's also important to have some alone time.\\nTalk about the little things as well. You may be looking forward to sleeping in each day as long as you want. Your spouse, however, may want to keep getting up early to maintain some schedule. Find a way to compromise. Maybe you can sleep in three days a week, but agree to get up the other four.\\nAvoid codependency. If your partner did not work, that person may have a social life and schedule of his or her own. Try not to infringe on your partner's time. Allow your partner to maintain his her own schedule and understand you will not always be included in plans.\\n1-6. Maintain social connections.\\nOftentimes, your social life is heavily connected to your work life. When you're retired, you may find yourself socializing less often. Humans need social connections at all ages. Work to maintain social connections after retirement.\\nMake plans with friends. This can be awkward, as oftentimes work plans are spur of the moment. You may have decided to grab a drink with a co-worker after a long day. Now, you'll have to actively reach out when you want to spend time with friends. Try to talk to friends about the possibility of regularly scheduled social events, like weekly game nights.\\nGet on social media. While Facebook or Twitter may seem like silly ways to stay in touch, you'd be surprised how many social events are planned via a social media platform. Simply maintaining a regular Facebook profile can help you maintain social connections after retirement.\\nReach out to non-work friends. During your career, you may have inadvertently limited your social contact to work friends. You may have lessened contact with friends from school or the community. Try to make plans with friends you neglected during your career.\\n1-7. Reflect on the past.\\nRetirement provides you with an invaluable opportunity to reflect on your past. Try to look back on the trajectory of your life. Reflect on past moments. An increased understanding and appreciation for the past can help you understand yourself, making the transition into retirement smoother. You will be spending a lot of time alone with your thoughts in retirement, so being okay with yourself and your choices is important.\\nGo through old photo albums or family movies to spur memories. Pause as you browse old albums and videos, trying to put yourself back in the moment and savor the memory.\\nAsk yourself questions as you consider the past. Why did you make the choices you made? Are you happy with how you spent your time? If there's anything you feel you missed out on, retirement could give you an opportunity to pursue it.\\nReminisce with others. Call up an old friend or family member and talk about the past. If you have family or friends in town, make plans to get coffee or drinks and talk about the past.\\n2. Making Plans\\n2-1. Take time off initially.\\nA lot of people go into retirement with many plans for the future. However, this is not always realistic. Making big commitments within the first months of retirement may prove stressful. Give yourself a year to simply live without working. Take some small trips and look into engaging in some small hobbies. However, hold off on your big plans and endeavors until you've had time to get accustom to not working.\\n2-2. Stay on a schedule.\\nAn unstructured life can be stressful. Even if you have no work obligations, try to get on some kind of schedule after retirement. You will feel better physically and emotionally if your life retains some structure after retirement.\\nStick to commitments, even small ones. For example, make a point of taking a long walk each morning. Shower every day. Make lunch for yourself every day at noon.\\nConsider your sleep schedule. If you're not going to bed and waking up at roughly the same time each day, it can be hard to stick to other routines. While you may like the idea of being able to sleep in, consider getting up around 9 each morning anyway. A regular sleep schedule will allow you to maintain a regular exercise, eating, and social schedule as well.\\n2-3. Make some goals for retirement.\\nAs stated, give yourself a year or so to adjust. However, during this time you should write down some goals for yourself. Going into retirement with a plan can help prevent stagnancy.\\nThink about what you want to do now that you're retired. When you were working, there were likely many things you simply did not have time for. Maybe you want to volunteer with your community more. Maybe you want to spend more time with your grandkids. Maybe there's some reading you want to finally get done.\\nAlso, consider travel plans. If you never took that trip to California, maybe you can do so now if you have the time and money.\\nTry to think of a realistic time table for retirement goals. You're not going to check everything off your bucket list in a year. However, maybe you can hope to have accomplished some of your post-retirement goals in 2 to 3 years.\\n2-4. Consider post-retirement work.\\nAfter retirement, many people pursue work. You may want to try a new career or look into part-time employment. Even when working is not financially necessary, many people derive a sense of purpose through having a job. Consider looking for work after retirement if you like the idea of having some schedule and guidance even when you're technically retired.\\nIt can be difficult to find employment, especially in a new field, after retiring. However, there may be organizations in your area dedicated to helping people starting second careers late in life. Browse the yellow pages or look online to see if there are any organizations in your community.\\nYou could also consider part-time, less demanding work. Substitute teaching, for example, has a fairly easy certification process in most states. You would not have a regular, demanding schedule, but you would have some structure in your life.\\nThere are a lot of benefits to post-retirement work. Studies show it lessens depression associated with retirement and may stave off cognitive decay that comes with age. If you feel lost without a career as guidance, post-retirement work is worth considering.\\n2-5. Get involved in your community.\\nFor many, retirement is a chance to get involved. Consider joining an organization or volunteering in retirement. There may be organizations in your town specifically made for the recently retired.\\nConsider what you always wanted to do, but never had time for when you were working. Maybe you always wanted to be on the local theater board, but simply could not fit the meetings into your schedule.\\nKeep your personality type in mind. You may not enjoy all activities and events catered to the recently retired. It's okay to pass on certain opportunities and social events. You should seek to find post-retirement involvement that suits your specific needs.\\n2-6. Reconnect with old friends.\\nWork takes up a lot of your time and social life. There are probably friends from outside the office you have not seen in years. Consider calling an old friend and inviting him or her out to lunch or dinner.\\nRelationships often fall to the wayside when you're busy with work commitments. Your college roommate, who you thought you'd be close to for life, may have disappeared from your life over time. However, strong friendships tend to rekindle easily, even if a lot of time has passed. Call up a friend you have no seen in years.\\nConsider visiting old friends. If you still know a lot of people in your hometown, make a trip to visit. If you've been promising your friend Matt from grad school you would come visit him Seattle one of these days, do so in retirement.\\n2-7. Consider a memoir writing class.\\nMemoir writing can be a fun, creative way to help you adjust to retirement. It can also allow you to examine your past, enhancing your understanding of yourself and your life.\\nSee if any local community centers or colleges offer memoir writing classes. Some universities allowed retired people to audit courses or take them for a small fee.\\nYou can also look into online courses. A wide variety of universities offer coursework online.\\n3. Caring for Yourself\\n3-1. Eat right.\\nMake sure to take care of yourself in retirement. Without the schedule provided by work, basic habits like eating can fall to the wayside. As you get older, certain health problems like high blood pressure become more likely. A low-fat diet, rich in fruits and vegetables, can help stave off age-related illnesses.\\nTalk to your doctor about your diet. If you're older, you may be at risk for age-related health conditions. Have a full physical shortly after retirement and talk to your doctor about what your diet should ideally look like.\\nTry to eat regularly. Oftentimes, mealtimes are dictated by breaks in work. For example, you may have stopped at 2 for lunch in the office each day. Now that you are retired, make an effort to have breakfast, lunch, and dinner at roughly the same times each day.\\n3-2. Track your medications.\\nIf you're older, you likely have medications that you need to take each day. It may be difficult to keep track of your medication regiment. If you have a lot of medication, try writing a list of which meds you need to take which days.\\nYou can also buy a pill container at the supermarket which is divided into sections marked by the days of the week. You can place the pills you need to take each week in the container. This can be a helpful tool for tracking medications.\\n3-3. Stay physically active.\\nYou should strive to stay physically active in retirement. Exercise is also often tied in with your work schedule. You may, for example, hit the gym 3 days a week after work. Now that you're retired, work on staying active. Even something small, like a short walk each day, can help prevent age-related medical problems.\\nAs you get older, certain activities may be difficult. Look for exercise groups for the elderly, like water aerobics, to keep active later in life.\\n3-4. Keep an eye on your mental health.\\nRetirement can be associated with an increased risk for mental health issues like depression and anxiety. If you notice a change in your mood, consider talking to a mental health professional. You can find a therapist through your insurance or ask your regular doctor for a referral. Many people struggle with mental health issues with retirement. Talking out these issues with a therapist can help.\\nKeep your mind active by doing puzzles, sudoku, and learning new hobbies.\\nTips\\nYou may look at the early months of retirement as the \\\"honeymoon\\\" phase when you want to do all the things you ever dreamed of doing. This phase soon passes. Expect to feel a little letdown after you get used to being retired.\\nIf you retire at an early age, such as 40 or 50, you may consider taking a part-time job to supplement your retirement income and keep yourself active.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Retirement is a major life change. So much of your sense of self worth is tied up with career success and accomplishment. When you retire, you suddenly have to adjust to a vastly different schedule. Prepare yourself emotionally for the adjustment, accepting that you'll be sad for a little bit after retiring. Then, make some plans to keep yourself busy. This will help you with the adjustment phase. Lastly, take care of yourself. Make an effort to eat right and exercise regularly, as this can help with your emotional well-being.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing Emotionally\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Expect some sadness.\", \"描述\": \"It's very normal to feel sad after you retire. You should not expect to go into retirement with elation right away. There will be an adjustment period in which you grieve the loss of your job and livelihood. This is normal. Try to allow yourself to feel what you are feeling without judgment.\\nIf you've been settled into a career for awhile, chances are your job is more than just a job. It provides you with a sense of fulfillment each day. Your social life is likely connected to your work life. While you may not miss the schedule and demands, you may miss the social connections, sense of meaning you gained from work, and the structure of your day.\\nRemind yourself that it's okay and normal to be sad. Most people who retire experience some level of sadness initially. Allow yourself to feel what you're feeling, good or bad, in the wake of retirement. Keep in mind emotions are not permanent. While you may dislike feelings of sadness you experience, do not expect them to last forever.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Mend old feuds.\", \"描述\": \"In retirement, you will no longer have your career as a distraction. Old emotions from your past may resurface. You may find yourself dwelling on past disagreements or feuds with family members and friends. If you have a relationship that needs mending, be proactive. Try to reach out shortly after retirement to avoid letting bitter feelings take over.\\nIt can be hard to reach out to someone who you have a bad history with. Try writing a letter or e-mail, as sometimes difficult conversations can be easier to get out in writing.\\nBe open to seeing the other person's point of view. There may have been a way you could have behaved differently to salvage a friendship or family relationship.\\nApologize. Even if you don't feel you were in the wrong, an apology can go a long way. It shows the opposite party his or her feelings were heard and understood.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Have realistic expectations.\", \"描述\": \"Many people have high expectations going into retirement. You may think you will now have time to do all those things you put off due to your work schedule. However, not working can be stressful. The emotional toll of retirement may prevent you from diving into the plans you've made.\\nMake a list of what you can reasonably expect to do in the weeks or months following your retirement. Try not to stack your list with too much. Even with your newfound free time, it takes awhile to get into a new project. Remind yourself you're not going to complete all your post-retirement plans within your first six months.\\nAllow yourself to adjust. You may see retirement as your chance to finally read War and Peace, but you may not feel like doing much reading right away. You may need some time to adjust emotionally before taking on new projects or pursuits.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Think about your new identity.\", \"描述\": \"For many, identity is tied to career. You may see yourself as independent, an achiever, and a good provider. In retirement, you may feel less connected to these roles. Try to take some time to establish a new identity.\\nYou're no longer bringing in a paycheck each week. You may feel less useful or fulfilled. However, retirement presents the exciting opportunity for new roles.\\nYou are now a caregiver. You will have more time to look out for elderly relatives and your children or grandchildren. You can also take retirement as an opportunity to get involved in your community. You can see yourself as an active community member as well.\\nAs with any aspect of retirement, adjusting to a new identity can take time. Do not be surprised if it takes a few months to accept your new identity in your community and family.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prepare for changes in your relationship with your spouse.\", \"描述\": \"If you are married, retirement can change your relationship. Couples can become stressed when neither party has a fixed schedule. Prepare for changes in your marriage ahead of time to reduce potential tension.\\nForm a mutually acceptable plan for your future. You both likely have plans you want to pursue in retirement. What plans can you do together? What plans should you pursue on your own? Decide how much time you want to spend together. While doing activities together is important, it's also important to have some alone time.\\nTalk about the little things as well. You may be looking forward to sleeping in each day as long as you want. Your spouse, however, may want to keep getting up early to maintain some schedule. Find a way to compromise. Maybe you can sleep in three days a week, but agree to get up the other four.\\nAvoid codependency. If your partner did not work, that person may have a social life and schedule of his or her own. Try not to infringe on your partner's time. Allow your partner to maintain his her own schedule and understand you will not always be included in plans.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Maintain social connections.\", \"描述\": \"Oftentimes, your social life is heavily connected to your work life. When you're retired, you may find yourself socializing less often. Humans need social connections at all ages. Work to maintain social connections after retirement.\\nMake plans with friends. This can be awkward, as oftentimes work plans are spur of the moment. You may have decided to grab a drink with a co-worker after a long day. Now, you'll have to actively reach out when you want to spend time with friends. Try to talk to friends about the possibility of regularly scheduled social events, like weekly game nights.\\nGet on social media. While Facebook or Twitter may seem like silly ways to stay in touch, you'd be surprised how many social events are planned via a social media platform. Simply maintaining a regular Facebook profile can help you maintain social connections after retirement.\\nReach out to non-work friends. During your career, you may have inadvertently limited your social contact to work friends. You may have lessened contact with friends from school or the community. Try to make plans with friends you neglected during your career.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Reflect on the past.\", \"描述\": \"Retirement provides you with an invaluable opportunity to reflect on your past. Try to look back on the trajectory of your life. Reflect on past moments. An increased understanding and appreciation for the past can help you understand yourself, making the transition into retirement smoother. You will be spending a lot of time alone with your thoughts in retirement, so being okay with yourself and your choices is important.\\nGo through old photo albums or family movies to spur memories. Pause as you browse old albums and videos, trying to put yourself back in the moment and savor the memory.\\nAsk yourself questions as you consider the past. Why did you make the choices you made? Are you happy with how you spent your time? If there's anything you feel you missed out on, retirement could give you an opportunity to pursue it.\\nReminisce with others. Call up an old friend or family member and talk about the past. If you have family or friends in town, make plans to get coffee or drinks and talk about the past.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Making Plans\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take time off initially.\", \"描述\": \"A lot of people go into retirement with many plans for the future. However, this is not always realistic. Making big commitments within the first months of retirement may prove stressful. Give yourself a year to simply live without working. Take some small trips and look into engaging in some small hobbies. However, hold off on your big plans and endeavors until you've had time to get accustom to not working.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay on a schedule.\", \"描述\": \"An unstructured life can be stressful. Even if you have no work obligations, try to get on some kind of schedule after retirement. You will feel better physically and emotionally if your life retains some structure after retirement.\\nStick to commitments, even small ones. For example, make a point of taking a long walk each morning. Shower every day. Make lunch for yourself every day at noon.\\nConsider your sleep schedule. If you're not going to bed and waking up at roughly the same time each day, it can be hard to stick to other routines. While you may like the idea of being able to sleep in, consider getting up around 9 each morning anyway. A regular sleep schedule will allow you to maintain a regular exercise, eating, and social schedule as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make some goals for retirement.\", \"描述\": \"As stated, give yourself a year or so to adjust. However, during this time you should write down some goals for yourself. Going into retirement with a plan can help prevent stagnancy.\\nThink about what you want to do now that you're retired. When you were working, there were likely many things you simply did not have time for. Maybe you want to volunteer with your community more. Maybe you want to spend more time with your grandkids. Maybe there's some reading you want to finally get done.\\nAlso, consider travel plans. If you never took that trip to California, maybe you can do so now if you have the time and money.\\nTry to think of a realistic time table for retirement goals. You're not going to check everything off your bucket list in a year. However, maybe you can hope to have accomplished some of your post-retirement goals in 2 to 3 years.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider post-retirement work.\", \"描述\": \"After retirement, many people pursue work. You may want to try a new career or look into part-time employment. Even when working is not financially necessary, many people derive a sense of purpose through having a job. Consider looking for work after retirement if you like the idea of having some schedule and guidance even when you're technically retired.\\nIt can be difficult to find employment, especially in a new field, after retiring. However, there may be organizations in your area dedicated to helping people starting second careers late in life. Browse the yellow pages or look online to see if there are any organizations in your community.\\nYou could also consider part-time, less demanding work. Substitute teaching, for example, has a fairly easy certification process in most states. You would not have a regular, demanding schedule, but you would have some structure in your life.\\nThere are a lot of benefits to post-retirement work. Studies show it lessens depression associated with retirement and may stave off cognitive decay that comes with age. If you feel lost without a career as guidance, post-retirement work is worth considering.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get involved in your community.\", \"描述\": \"For many, retirement is a chance to get involved. Consider joining an organization or volunteering in retirement. There may be organizations in your town specifically made for the recently retired.\\nConsider what you always wanted to do, but never had time for when you were working. Maybe you always wanted to be on the local theater board, but simply could not fit the meetings into your schedule.\\nKeep your personality type in mind. You may not enjoy all activities and events catered to the recently retired. It's okay to pass on certain opportunities and social events. You should seek to find post-retirement involvement that suits your specific needs.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Reconnect with old friends.\", \"描述\": \"Work takes up a lot of your time and social life. There are probably friends from outside the office you have not seen in years. Consider calling an old friend and inviting him or her out to lunch or dinner.\\nRelationships often fall to the wayside when you're busy with work commitments. Your college roommate, who you thought you'd be close to for life, may have disappeared from your life over time. However, strong friendships tend to rekindle easily, even if a lot of time has passed. Call up a friend you have no seen in years.\\nConsider visiting old friends. If you still know a lot of people in your hometown, make a trip to visit. If you've been promising your friend Matt from grad school you would come visit him Seattle one of these days, do so in retirement.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Consider a memoir writing class.\", \"描述\": \"Memoir writing can be a fun, creative way to help you adjust to retirement. It can also allow you to examine your past, enhancing your understanding of yourself and your life.\\nSee if any local community centers or colleges offer memoir writing classes. Some universities allowed retired people to audit courses or take them for a small fee.\\nYou can also look into online courses. A wide variety of universities offer coursework online.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Caring for Yourself\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Eat right.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure to take care of yourself in retirement. Without the schedule provided by work, basic habits like eating can fall to the wayside. As you get older, certain health problems like high blood pressure become more likely. A low-fat diet, rich in fruits and vegetables, can help stave off age-related illnesses.\\nTalk to your doctor about your diet. If you're older, you may be at risk for age-related health conditions. Have a full physical shortly after retirement and talk to your doctor about what your diet should ideally look like.\\nTry to eat regularly. Oftentimes, mealtimes are dictated by breaks in work. For example, you may have stopped at 2 for lunch in the office each day. Now that you are retired, make an effort to have breakfast, lunch, and dinner at roughly the same times each day.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Track your medications.\", \"描述\": \"If you're older, you likely have medications that you need to take each day. It may be difficult to keep track of your medication regiment. If you have a lot of medication, try writing a list of which meds you need to take which days.\\nYou can also buy a pill container at the supermarket which is divided into sections marked by the days of the week. You can place the pills you need to take each week in the container. This can be a helpful tool for tracking medications.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stay physically active.\", \"描述\": \"You should strive to stay physically active in retirement. Exercise is also often tied in with your work schedule. You may, for example, hit the gym 3 days a week after work. Now that you're retired, work on staying active. Even something small, like a short walk each day, can help prevent age-related medical problems.\\nAs you get older, certain activities may be difficult. Look for exercise groups for the elderly, like water aerobics, to keep active later in life.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Keep an eye on your mental health.\", \"描述\": \"Retirement can be associated with an increased risk for mental health issues like depression and anxiety. If you notice a change in your mood, consider talking to a mental health professional. You can find a therapist through your insurance or ask your regular doctor for a referral. Many people struggle with mental health issues with retirement. Talking out these issues with a therapist can help.\\nKeep your mind active by doing puzzles, sudoku, and learning new hobbies.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"You may look at the early months of retirement as the \\\"honeymoon\\\" phase when you want to do all the things you ever dreamed of doing. This phase soon passes. Expect to feel a little letdown after you get used to being retired.\\n\", \"If you retire at an early age, such as 40 or 50, you may consider taking a part-time job to supplement your retirement income and keep yourself active.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
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How to Adjust to Small Town Life
1. Adapting to Small Town Life 1-1. Avoid getting involved in gossip. In small towns, gossip is fairly common. Since the population is smaller and a bit more intimate, it might seem like everyone knows each other—and that everyone knows everyone else's secrets, too. Avoid involving yourself in these kinds of conversations. When talking to anyone about someone else in town, ask yourself if you are about to say something you would be okay saying directly to the subject. If it's judgmental or private, try to keep it to yourself. If the conversation shifts into gossip, try to move it to something else without being rude. Offer up some good news, or ask some questions of the people you're speaking with. Keeping the conversation focused on the people present in it can be helpful for avoiding gossip. 1-2. Befriend other former city dwellers. You might find that some of the new people you meet also relocated from a larger city. These people might be especially helpful when it comes to learning the ins and outs of small town life, particularly since they went through the same transition. Try social networks as a way to find people with common interests in your new town. Don't lose hope if you don't find a new best friend immediately; relationships might take a little bit longer to forge in a smaller town where everyone knows everyone else. You may have to work a bit harder to be let in and trusted. 1-3. Limit your expectations. If you expect your life to be exactly the same as it was, just on a smaller scale, you will end up disappointed. You might have to shop at a local grocer rather than the big retailer you're used to. Or, you might not have a huge group of people your age that you do everything with. Understand that downsizing to a small town will mean some aspects of your everyday life will change. If you're used to noisy, crowded clubs and a vibrant nightlife in the big city, you may have to adjust to more low-key, laid back evenings when you move to a small town. Try finding new things to do on weekend nights rather than being upset that you can't keep doing what you're used to. 1-4. Make your own judgements. Regardless of what you may hear from locals or even read online about the town and the people in it, be sure to make your own judgements and decide for yourself how you feel about your new community. Though small town gossip and cliques are still prevalent, the new generation has taken to voicing their negative opinions and gossip on internet forums. Rather than buying into what anonymous citizens have posted, get to know people and places for yourself. 1-5. Be patient. The pace of small town life is generally slower than in the big city. This might mean that there will be less going on in town—or even that the contractor you need to help fix a problem in your house won't be able to come out right away. Learn to be more patient and focus less on instant gratification. You may have to take the initiative to make things happen a bit more in a small town. If you want something fun to do, or to get together with new friends, be the first one to make the phone call or to organize an event. 2. Getting Settled in Your Neighborhood 2-1. Meet your neighbors. It might seem intimidating to walk right up and knock on a stranger's front door, but your neighbor might be thinking the same thing, so be the one to make the first move. Or, if you see your neighbor outside, make it a point to say hello and introduce yourself. In small towns, people are usually very tightly knit, and it might seem difficult to wedge yourself into existing relationships and cliques. But, by going out of your way to make the first move and give your new neighbors a good impression, you might find that people are more receptive to including you. Make sure you come off as approachable. Try going for walks in the neighborhood, and avoid talking on the phone, texting, or keeping your earbuds in as you go about your business. If you look open to talking, more people might be prone to say hello or start a conversation. Don't feel obligated to bring your new neighbors a gift when you go to introduce yourself. Instead, just use your move as a way to start the conversation. You could go next door and apologize for any noise or inconvenience your move-in may have caused, and then use that as a way to ask them questions and get to know them a little better. They'll appreciate your consideration. 2-2. Avoid making comparisons to big city life. Relocating from a big city to a small town is a big change. Many aspects of your daily life will be very different, from getting groceries to your morning commute. If you try to look at the experiences separately rather than comparing them to one another, you might be able to better appreciate the differences and changes. For example, rather than missing the hustle and bustle that used to come with your morning commute, take a moment to appreciate how much easier and relaxed your new small-town commute is. Avoid thinking in terms of what is missing. Instead, think in terms of what is new and present. If you miss the view of a city skyline, maybe you can instead appreciate the view of hills and mountains, or whatever type of landscape your new small town offers. 2-3. Incorporate the comforts of your former city home. Just because you have left the city doesn't mean you have to leave everything about it behind. There are ways to incorporate big city elements into your small town just by bringing them into your home. Use the city as your design inspiration in your new home. Think about the things you liked most about the big city, or the things that first come to mind when you think of it—traffic, noise, bright lights and colors. Bring these elements into your home with decoration, artwork, and accents. Look in thrift stores and antique shops for old road signs or traffic lights to use as decorations. Hang a photo or painting of a city skyline on a wall in your house. Use photos of your old home to create a photo collage of memories to look at when you miss the city. 2-4. Find new things to admire and enjoy. Even though life in a small town is a lot different from life in a big city, there are plenty of things about small town life to admire and enjoy. From new landscapes to nicer people, try your best to acknowledge the things you like about your small town. Living outside of a big city allows you to get closer to nature. If you're a parent, you will be able to raise your kids to enjoy nature and wildlife, rather than have them glued to electronics or immersed in advertisements and overwhelming stimulation. Use your new location as a way to find new hobbies and things to do. Whether you're single, married, have kids, or don't have kids, there will be new opportunities for you to try new things that you may not have been able to experience while living in the city. 3. Learning About Your Town 3-1. Drive around the town. The best way to feel more at home is to familiarize yourself with your new surroundings. Take in all the sights. Map your way to the local grocery store, coffee shop, or park. Learn your way around by exploring rather than relying on a GPS. You can also take a walk around the neighborhood rather than driving. In small towns, things might not be as close together as they are in a big city, but taking a walk can be a relaxing way to see what's close to your house. If you have children, look for local playgrounds, the library, and the schools. Life for a child in a smaller town can be especially rewarding, since it usually has a lot more space for outdoor play than you might find in an urban setting. 3-2. Adapt to new social norms. Traditions and mannerisms in a big city can be very different from those in a small town. From social etiquette to transportation to grocery shopping, you might find that you have to adjust your former behavior to match the new town you're in. In smaller towns, you might find that people are less prone to just stare at the ground and ignore everyone as they go about their day. People might be more trusting and open, and will want to interact with you more than strangers in a big city might. Crime is sometimes lower in smaller towns, due to the close-knit nature of many small towns. There is less of a sense of anonymity. People might even leave their doors unlocked. It might even feel like everyone seems to know each other. 3-3. Find your new favorites. As with any kind of move, you will be leaving behind some things you have grown to love and are accustomed to. For example, you may have gotten your morning coffee at the same busy shop every morning in the city, so now you will have to find a new shop to patronize. The locals will be your best source of information on the town. They live there, and they know what spots are great. Try patronizing local establishments like farmers markets, restaurants, and shops. Small towns are often full of independently owned shops and restaurants. Rather than sticking to familiar franchises, branch out and try something new. 3-4. Observe and talk to the people in the town. When you're trying to learn how to live and behave in your new small town, looking around you is the first step. Take mental note of how other people talk to you and interact with you. Notice which shops and restaurants have the biggest crowds. Just like you learned your habits and behaviors in your previous city, you can learn the same things the same way in a small town. A key to avoiding that initial anxiety is to recognize that other people aren't as concerned about your behavior as you are. Relax and observe others, and respond accordingly. 4. Becoming Involved in the Community 4-1. Join a group or organization. People in smaller towns tend to value volunteerism a bit more, and you might find that there are a good number of opportunities to help out. Check the local recreation center or library for a calendar or list of clubs and meetings. Find something that interests you and join up! You will meet new people and get to know your town. If you are a parent, join the parent teacher organization at your child's school. You will meet other parents and immediately have something in common. You can also engage your kids in team sports or extracurricular activities to help them meet more people. This can help your children (and you!) adjust a bit more smoothly. Sign up to volunteer. People in small towns often have values that center around community involvement and family. Volunteering at a food drive, soup kitchen, or event can connect you with other people while also showing the people in your new town that you share their values. 4-2. Attend a town hall meeting. Visit the Chamber of Commerce in your new town to get a schedule of meetings, and also to get information on local services and businesses. Becoming involved in the ins and outs of your town will really help you feel more familiar with it. Not only will you meet other people in your town at these events, you will also have a chance to hear what is important to them in regards to the way the town functions and what happens within it. 4-3. Subscribe to the local newspaper. Reading the local paper every day will give you a sense of what's going on in your town. Newspapers also often have calendars of upcoming events, as well as advertisements for local businesses, restaurants, and shops. People in small towns often care about different things than people in larger cities. Reading the paper will give you an idea of what people in your town care about, and it will offer some talking points you could bring up when meeting new people in the town. Tips Keep an open mind and give yourself time to adjust.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:23", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Adapting to Small Town Life\\n1-1. Avoid getting involved in gossip.\\nIn small towns, gossip is fairly common. Since the population is smaller and a bit more intimate, it might seem like everyone knows each other—and that everyone knows everyone else's secrets, too. Avoid involving yourself in these kinds of conversations.\\nWhen talking to anyone about someone else in town, ask yourself if you are about to say something you would be okay saying directly to the subject. If it's judgmental or private, try to keep it to yourself.\\nIf the conversation shifts into gossip, try to move it to something else without being rude. Offer up some good news, or ask some questions of the people you're speaking with. Keeping the conversation focused on the people present in it can be helpful for avoiding gossip.\\n1-2. Befriend other former city dwellers.\\nYou might find that some of the new people you meet also relocated from a larger city. These people might be especially helpful when it comes to learning the ins and outs of small town life, particularly since they went through the same transition.\\nTry social networks as a way to find people with common interests in your new town. Don't lose hope if you don't find a new best friend immediately; relationships might take a little bit longer to forge in a smaller town where everyone knows everyone else. You may have to work a bit harder to be let in and trusted.\\n1-3. Limit your expectations.\\nIf you expect your life to be exactly the same as it was, just on a smaller scale, you will end up disappointed. You might have to shop at a local grocer rather than the big retailer you're used to. Or, you might not have a huge group of people your age that you do everything with. Understand that downsizing to a small town will mean some aspects of your everyday life will change.\\nIf you're used to noisy, crowded clubs and a vibrant nightlife in the big city, you may have to adjust to more low-key, laid back evenings when you move to a small town. Try finding new things to do on weekend nights rather than being upset that you can't keep doing what you're used to.\\n1-4. Make your own judgements.\\nRegardless of what you may hear from locals or even read online about the town and the people in it, be sure to make your own judgements and decide for yourself how you feel about your new community.\\nThough small town gossip and cliques are still prevalent, the new generation has taken to voicing their negative opinions and gossip on internet forums. Rather than buying into what anonymous citizens have posted, get to know people and places for yourself.\\n1-5. Be patient.\\nThe pace of small town life is generally slower than in the big city. This might mean that there will be less going on in town—or even that the contractor you need to help fix a problem in your house won't be able to come out right away. Learn to be more patient and focus less on instant gratification.\\nYou may have to take the initiative to make things happen a bit more in a small town. If you want something fun to do, or to get together with new friends, be the first one to make the phone call or to organize an event.\\n2. Getting Settled in Your Neighborhood\\n2-1. Meet your neighbors.\\nIt might seem intimidating to walk right up and knock on a stranger's front door, but your neighbor might be thinking the same thing, so be the one to make the first move. Or, if you see your neighbor outside, make it a point to say hello and introduce yourself.\\nIn small towns, people are usually very tightly knit, and it might seem difficult to wedge yourself into existing relationships and cliques. But, by going out of your way to make the first move and give your new neighbors a good impression, you might find that people are more receptive to including you.\\nMake sure you come off as approachable. Try going for walks in the neighborhood, and avoid talking on the phone, texting, or keeping your earbuds in as you go about your business. If you look open to talking, more people might be prone to say hello or start a conversation.\\nDon't feel obligated to bring your new neighbors a gift when you go to introduce yourself. Instead, just use your move as a way to start the conversation. You could go next door and apologize for any noise or inconvenience your move-in may have caused, and then use that as a way to ask them questions and get to know them a little better. They'll appreciate your consideration.\\n2-2. Avoid making comparisons to big city life.\\nRelocating from a big city to a small town is a big change. Many aspects of your daily life will be very different, from getting groceries to your morning commute. If you try to look at the experiences separately rather than comparing them to one another, you might be able to better appreciate the differences and changes.\\nFor example, rather than missing the hustle and bustle that used to come with your morning commute, take a moment to appreciate how much easier and relaxed your new small-town commute is.\\nAvoid thinking in terms of what is missing. Instead, think in terms of what is new and present. If you miss the view of a city skyline, maybe you can instead appreciate the view of hills and mountains, or whatever type of landscape your new small town offers.\\n2-3. Incorporate the comforts of your former city home.\\nJust because you have left the city doesn't mean you have to leave everything about it behind. There are ways to incorporate big city elements into your small town just by bringing them into your home.\\nUse the city as your design inspiration in your new home. Think about the things you liked most about the big city, or the things that first come to mind when you think of it—traffic, noise, bright lights and colors. Bring these elements into your home with decoration, artwork, and accents.\\nLook in thrift stores and antique shops for old road signs or traffic lights to use as decorations. Hang a photo or painting of a city skyline on a wall in your house. Use photos of your old home to create a photo collage of memories to look at when you miss the city.\\n2-4. Find new things to admire and enjoy.\\nEven though life in a small town is a lot different from life in a big city, there are plenty of things about small town life to admire and enjoy. From new landscapes to nicer people, try your best to acknowledge the things you like about your small town.\\nLiving outside of a big city allows you to get closer to nature. If you're a parent, you will be able to raise your kids to enjoy nature and wildlife, rather than have them glued to electronics or immersed in advertisements and overwhelming stimulation.\\nUse your new location as a way to find new hobbies and things to do. Whether you're single, married, have kids, or don't have kids, there will be new opportunities for you to try new things that you may not have been able to experience while living in the city.\\n3. Learning About Your Town\\n3-1. Drive around the town.\\nThe best way to feel more at home is to familiarize yourself with your new surroundings. Take in all the sights. Map your way to the local grocery store, coffee shop, or park. Learn your way around by exploring rather than relying on a GPS.\\nYou can also take a walk around the neighborhood rather than driving. In small towns, things might not be as close together as they are in a big city, but taking a walk can be a relaxing way to see what's close to your house.\\nIf you have children, look for local playgrounds, the library, and the schools. Life for a child in a smaller town can be especially rewarding, since it usually has a lot more space for outdoor play than you might find in an urban setting.\\n3-2. Adapt to new social norms.\\nTraditions and mannerisms in a big city can be very different from those in a small town. From social etiquette to transportation to grocery shopping, you might find that you have to adjust your former behavior to match the new town you're in.\\nIn smaller towns, you might find that people are less prone to just stare at the ground and ignore everyone as they go about their day. People might be more trusting and open, and will want to interact with you more than strangers in a big city might.\\nCrime is sometimes lower in smaller towns, due to the close-knit nature of many small towns. There is less of a sense of anonymity. People might even leave their doors unlocked. It might even feel like everyone seems to know each other.\\n3-3. Find your new favorites.\\nAs with any kind of move, you will be leaving behind some things you have grown to love and are accustomed to. For example, you may have gotten your morning coffee at the same busy shop every morning in the city, so now you will have to find a new shop to patronize.\\nThe locals will be your best source of information on the town. They live there, and they know what spots are great. Try patronizing local establishments like farmers markets, restaurants, and shops.\\nSmall towns are often full of independently owned shops and restaurants. Rather than sticking to familiar franchises, branch out and try something new.\\n3-4. Observe and talk to the people in the town.\\nWhen you're trying to learn how to live and behave in your new small town, looking around you is the first step. Take mental note of how other people talk to you and interact with you. Notice which shops and restaurants have the biggest crowds.\\nJust like you learned your habits and behaviors in your previous city, you can learn the same things the same way in a small town. A key to avoiding that initial anxiety is to recognize that other people aren't as concerned about your behavior as you are. Relax and observe others, and respond accordingly.\\n4. Becoming Involved in the Community\\n4-1. Join a group or organization.\\nPeople in smaller towns tend to value volunteerism a bit more, and you might find that there are a good number of opportunities to help out. Check the local recreation center or library for a calendar or list of clubs and meetings. Find something that interests you and join up! You will meet new people and get to know your town.\\nIf you are a parent, join the parent teacher organization at your child's school. You will meet other parents and immediately have something in common. You can also engage your kids in team sports or extracurricular activities to help them meet more people. This can help your children (and you!) adjust a bit more smoothly.\\nSign up to volunteer. People in small towns often have values that center around community involvement and family. Volunteering at a food drive, soup kitchen, or event can connect you with other people while also showing the people in your new town that you share their values.\\n4-2. Attend a town hall meeting.\\nVisit the Chamber of Commerce in your new town to get a schedule of meetings, and also to get information on local services and businesses. Becoming involved in the ins and outs of your town will really help you feel more familiar with it.\\nNot only will you meet other people in your town at these events, you will also have a chance to hear what is important to them in regards to the way the town functions and what happens within it.\\n4-3. Subscribe to the local newspaper.\\nReading the local paper every day will give you a sense of what's going on in your town. Newspapers also often have calendars of upcoming events, as well as advertisements for local businesses, restaurants, and shops.\\nPeople in small towns often care about different things than people in larger cities. Reading the paper will give you an idea of what people in your town care about, and it will offer some talking points you could bring up when meeting new people in the town.\\nTips\\nKeep an open mind and give yourself time to adjust.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you're used to life in a big city, adjusting to life in a small town can be difficult. Small towns are very different from busy metropolises, but you might find that the new, slower pace of life is easier to adjust to and enjoy than you imagined.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Adapting to Small Town Life\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid getting involved in gossip.\", \"描述\": \"In small towns, gossip is fairly common. Since the population is smaller and a bit more intimate, it might seem like everyone knows each other—and that everyone knows everyone else's secrets, too. Avoid involving yourself in these kinds of conversations.\\nWhen talking to anyone about someone else in town, ask yourself if you are about to say something you would be okay saying directly to the subject. If it's judgmental or private, try to keep it to yourself.\\nIf the conversation shifts into gossip, try to move it to something else without being rude. Offer up some good news, or ask some questions of the people you're speaking with. Keeping the conversation focused on the people present in it can be helpful for avoiding gossip.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Befriend other former city dwellers.\", \"描述\": \"You might find that some of the new people you meet also relocated from a larger city. These people might be especially helpful when it comes to learning the ins and outs of small town life, particularly since they went through the same transition.\\nTry social networks as a way to find people with common interests in your new town. Don't lose hope if you don't find a new best friend immediately; relationships might take a little bit longer to forge in a smaller town where everyone knows everyone else. You may have to work a bit harder to be let in and trusted.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Limit your expectations.\", \"描述\": \"If you expect your life to be exactly the same as it was, just on a smaller scale, you will end up disappointed. You might have to shop at a local grocer rather than the big retailer you're used to. Or, you might not have a huge group of people your age that you do everything with. Understand that downsizing to a small town will mean some aspects of your everyday life will change.\\nIf you're used to noisy, crowded clubs and a vibrant nightlife in the big city, you may have to adjust to more low-key, laid back evenings when you move to a small town. Try finding new things to do on weekend nights rather than being upset that you can't keep doing what you're used to.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make your own judgements.\", \"描述\": \"Regardless of what you may hear from locals or even read online about the town and the people in it, be sure to make your own judgements and decide for yourself how you feel about your new community.\\nThough small town gossip and cliques are still prevalent, the new generation has taken to voicing their negative opinions and gossip on internet forums. Rather than buying into what anonymous citizens have posted, get to know people and places for yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be patient.\", \"描述\": \"The pace of small town life is generally slower than in the big city. This might mean that there will be less going on in town—or even that the contractor you need to help fix a problem in your house won't be able to come out right away. Learn to be more patient and focus less on instant gratification.\\nYou may have to take the initiative to make things happen a bit more in a small town. If you want something fun to do, or to get together with new friends, be the first one to make the phone call or to organize an event.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Settled in Your Neighborhood\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meet your neighbors.\", \"描述\": \"It might seem intimidating to walk right up and knock on a stranger's front door, but your neighbor might be thinking the same thing, so be the one to make the first move. Or, if you see your neighbor outside, make it a point to say hello and introduce yourself.\\nIn small towns, people are usually very tightly knit, and it might seem difficult to wedge yourself into existing relationships and cliques. But, by going out of your way to make the first move and give your new neighbors a good impression, you might find that people are more receptive to including you.\\nMake sure you come off as approachable. Try going for walks in the neighborhood, and avoid talking on the phone, texting, or keeping your earbuds in as you go about your business. If you look open to talking, more people might be prone to say hello or start a conversation.\\nDon't feel obligated to bring your new neighbors a gift when you go to introduce yourself. Instead, just use your move as a way to start the conversation. You could go next door and apologize for any noise or inconvenience your move-in may have caused, and then use that as a way to ask them questions and get to know them a little better. They'll appreciate your consideration.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid making comparisons to big city life.\", \"描述\": \"Relocating from a big city to a small town is a big change. Many aspects of your daily life will be very different, from getting groceries to your morning commute. If you try to look at the experiences separately rather than comparing them to one another, you might be able to better appreciate the differences and changes.\\nFor example, rather than missing the hustle and bustle that used to come with your morning commute, take a moment to appreciate how much easier and relaxed your new small-town commute is.\\nAvoid thinking in terms of what is missing. Instead, think in terms of what is new and present. If you miss the view of a city skyline, maybe you can instead appreciate the view of hills and mountains, or whatever type of landscape your new small town offers.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Incorporate the comforts of your former city home.\", \"描述\": \"Just because you have left the city doesn't mean you have to leave everything about it behind. There are ways to incorporate big city elements into your small town just by bringing them into your home.\\nUse the city as your design inspiration in your new home. Think about the things you liked most about the big city, or the things that first come to mind when you think of it—traffic, noise, bright lights and colors. Bring these elements into your home with decoration, artwork, and accents.\\nLook in thrift stores and antique shops for old road signs or traffic lights to use as decorations. Hang a photo or painting of a city skyline on a wall in your house. Use photos of your old home to create a photo collage of memories to look at when you miss the city.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find new things to admire and enjoy.\", \"描述\": \"Even though life in a small town is a lot different from life in a big city, there are plenty of things about small town life to admire and enjoy. From new landscapes to nicer people, try your best to acknowledge the things you like about your small town.\\nLiving outside of a big city allows you to get closer to nature. If you're a parent, you will be able to raise your kids to enjoy nature and wildlife, rather than have them glued to electronics or immersed in advertisements and overwhelming stimulation.\\nUse your new location as a way to find new hobbies and things to do. Whether you're single, married, have kids, or don't have kids, there will be new opportunities for you to try new things that you may not have been able to experience while living in the city.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learning About Your Town\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Drive around the town.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to feel more at home is to familiarize yourself with your new surroundings. Take in all the sights. Map your way to the local grocery store, coffee shop, or park. Learn your way around by exploring rather than relying on a GPS.\\nYou can also take a walk around the neighborhood rather than driving. In small towns, things might not be as close together as they are in a big city, but taking a walk can be a relaxing way to see what's close to your house.\\nIf you have children, look for local playgrounds, the library, and the schools. Life for a child in a smaller town can be especially rewarding, since it usually has a lot more space for outdoor play than you might find in an urban setting.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adapt to new social norms.\", \"描述\": \"Traditions and mannerisms in a big city can be very different from those in a small town. From social etiquette to transportation to grocery shopping, you might find that you have to adjust your former behavior to match the new town you're in.\\nIn smaller towns, you might find that people are less prone to just stare at the ground and ignore everyone as they go about their day. People might be more trusting and open, and will want to interact with you more than strangers in a big city might.\\nCrime is sometimes lower in smaller towns, due to the close-knit nature of many small towns. There is less of a sense of anonymity. People might even leave their doors unlocked. It might even feel like everyone seems to know each other.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find your new favorites.\", \"描述\": \"As with any kind of move, you will be leaving behind some things you have grown to love and are accustomed to. For example, you may have gotten your morning coffee at the same busy shop every morning in the city, so now you will have to find a new shop to patronize.\\nThe locals will be your best source of information on the town. They live there, and they know what spots are great. Try patronizing local establishments like farmers markets, restaurants, and shops.\\nSmall towns are often full of independently owned shops and restaurants. Rather than sticking to familiar franchises, branch out and try something new.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Observe and talk to the people in the town.\", \"描述\": \"When you're trying to learn how to live and behave in your new small town, looking around you is the first step. Take mental note of how other people talk to you and interact with you. Notice which shops and restaurants have the biggest crowds.\\nJust like you learned your habits and behaviors in your previous city, you can learn the same things the same way in a small town. A key to avoiding that initial anxiety is to recognize that other people aren't as concerned about your behavior as you are. Relax and observe others, and respond accordingly.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Becoming Involved in the Community\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join a group or organization.\", \"描述\": \"People in smaller towns tend to value volunteerism a bit more, and you might find that there are a good number of opportunities to help out. Check the local recreation center or library for a calendar or list of clubs and meetings. Find something that interests you and join up! You will meet new people and get to know your town.\\nIf you are a parent, join the parent teacher organization at your child's school. You will meet other parents and immediately have something in common. You can also engage your kids in team sports or extracurricular activities to help them meet more people. This can help your children (and you!) adjust a bit more smoothly.\\nSign up to volunteer. People in small towns often have values that center around community involvement and family. Volunteering at a food drive, soup kitchen, or event can connect you with other people while also showing the people in your new town that you share their values.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Attend a town hall meeting.\", \"描述\": \"Visit the Chamber of Commerce in your new town to get a schedule of meetings, and also to get information on local services and businesses. Becoming involved in the ins and outs of your town will really help you feel more familiar with it.\\nNot only will you meet other people in your town at these events, you will also have a chance to hear what is important to them in regards to the way the town functions and what happens within it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Subscribe to the local newspaper.\", \"描述\": \"Reading the local paper every day will give you a sense of what's going on in your town. Newspapers also often have calendars of upcoming events, as well as advertisements for local businesses, restaurants, and shops.\\nPeople in small towns often care about different things than people in larger cities. Reading the paper will give you an idea of what people in your town care about, and it will offer some talking points you could bring up when meeting new people in the town.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Keep an open mind and give yourself time to adjust.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,461
How to Adjust to Wearing a Bathing Suit (for Tomboys)
1. Finding the Right Swimsuit 1-1. Explore the internet or local shops for ideas. There are many different variations of swimsuits out there, so the first thing you should do is just look around at Pinterest or fashion blogs and see what is available. This will help you gain a little direction before going shopping so you aren't overwhelmed with choices. Search phrases like “conservative swimsuits” or “modest swimwear” and you'll find suits that offer a little more coverage than a traditional bikini. There are three basic forms of swimsuits that you will find in most stores: a two-piece bikini; a one-piece suit; and a tankini (which is a tank top or camisole and bikini bottoms or shorts). Within those three categories, there are unlimited possibilities for variations. You can also find swimsuits that offer more coverage from speciality stores. Sporting goods store sell variations of wetsuits that will offer quite a bit of coverage. Additionally, you can check Islamic clothing stores and websites for modest swimwear that is a lot like a wetsuit in terms of coverage and material. 1-2. Assess your style and personality to determine what is right for you. To be comfortable in a swimsuit, as with any article of clothing, it needs to fit your style and personality. Think about what colors you'd like, how much skin you're willing to show, and what kinds of activities you'd like to do in the swimsuit. If you need a swimsuit because you are going to be engaging in watersports, you'll want to have something with more coverage to protect you from bumps and bruises. If you are just going to relax on the beach or go to a pool party, you can wear anything that makes you feel good. 1-3. Choose fabrics and cuts that aren't too revealing. To avoid feeling self-conscious in your suit, avoid tops that are cut very low or that reveal a lot of skin. Also, you want to be careful about choosing white fabric if you are going to get wet because it can become see-through. To test a swimsuit fabric to see if it's too see-through, put your hand on the inside, stretch it out a little, and hold it up towards the lights. If you can see your hand clearly, the fabric is probably too thin for you to be comfortable and will likely become more transparent in the water and sun. There are also gender-neutral swimsuits that provide good coverage and look great. Check out brands like Hirsute and Outplay that specialize in these types of suits. 1-4. Highlight the features of your body that you really like. Pick your favorite body part and play it up with a swimsuit that shows it off. If you have great arms and shoulders, go strapless or choose an off-shoulder design. If you want to show off your waist, choose a belted one-piece suit that will draw everyone's eyes to your midsection. If you have certain features that you are not comfortable with—the size of your chest or backside, for example—choose a suit that covers up those areas and instead draws people's attention to another part that you do love. There are suits that have padding in the bottoms and the top that give the illusion of a fuller backside or fuller chest, if this is something that concerns you. 1-5. Try different styles until you find the one that makes you feel the best. You may not ever feel totally comfortable as you try on suits in the store, but you should keep trying on different styles until you find one that makes you feel better than the others. Try many types of suits in various colors and cuts. It's best to buy swimwear from a store so that you can try it on. You never know what the fit will be like if you buy it online, although if you pay next-to-nothing for an eBay sale, it could be worth the risk. 2. Feeling Confident 2-1. Get a tan to mask blemishes and bodily imperfections. A subtle tan can make you feel better about the way your body looks in a swimsuit. To avoid harmful UV rays, a tanning lotion or all-over spray tan are great options. Keep in mind what parts of your body will be showing and be sure to try to tan all of your exposed areas evenly. If you don't, you may feel self-conscious about tan lines or missed spots. 2-2. Cover up with a sarong, swimsuit cover, or oversized shirt. There are so many products available that you can wear over a swimsuit to provide some extra coverage and confidence. You can choose a sarong or cover-up that is made for covering swimsuits or just wear a t-shirt and a pair of shorts from your closet. Some swimming pools have rules about wearing shirts in the pool because loose fabric can be dangerous while swimming. If the place you want to swim doesn't allow t-shirts, you can opt for a rashguard top. These are full-coverage, snug-fitting swimming tops. You can try a tank top and board shorts over a suit to make you feel a little less on display. 2-3. Practice wearing the suit around the house to get comfortable. Wear your swimsuit around the house while you do everyday activities like the laundry or watch TV. This will help you get comfortable wearing it so that when you have it on in front of others, it feels more natural. Be careful what you do in your swimsuit around the house. Avoid cooking or anything that could cause burns or injury. 2-4. Distract yourself so you don't worry about the people around you. No matter what you are doing in your swimsuit—tanning, watersports, swimming—avoid looking at other people and comparing yourself to them or worrying about what they think of you. Everyone's bodies are different and comparing yourself to others or obsessing if they are doing the same will ruin your fun. To distract yourself, read a good book or really focus on the sports or activities you are doing. Put your anxieties in the back of your mind. 2-5. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. Surround yourself with good friends or your family. Be with the types of people who you don't think would judge you and you'll find that it's easy to forget about what you're wearing and just enjoy the day. 2-6. Forget about being perfect and try to have fun. If you asked other girls how they feel about wearing a swimsuit, you'd likely hear that everyone has some issues with their bodies or how their suits fit. Knowing that, just try to forget about what people might think or how you look and go have fun swimming, waterskiing, or relaxing on the beach. Tips Bring your friends or a close family member shopping. Their feedback can help you decide. Don't be embarrassed if people start commenting on your new non-tomboyish appearance. There's nothing to be embarrassed about when it comes to your body.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:23", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Finding the Right Swimsuit\\n1-1. Explore the internet or local shops for ideas.\\nThere are many different variations of swimsuits out there, so the first thing you should do is just look around at Pinterest or fashion blogs and see what is available. This will help you gain a little direction before going shopping so you aren't overwhelmed with choices.\\nSearch phrases like “conservative swimsuits” or “modest swimwear” and you'll find suits that offer a little more coverage than a traditional bikini.\\nThere are three basic forms of swimsuits that you will find in most stores: a two-piece bikini; a one-piece suit; and a tankini (which is a tank top or camisole and bikini bottoms or shorts). Within those three categories, there are unlimited possibilities for variations.\\nYou can also find swimsuits that offer more coverage from speciality stores. Sporting goods store sell variations of wetsuits that will offer quite a bit of coverage. Additionally, you can check Islamic clothing stores and websites for modest swimwear that is a lot like a wetsuit in terms of coverage and material.\\n1-2. Assess your style and personality to determine what is right for you.\\nTo be comfortable in a swimsuit, as with any article of clothing, it needs to fit your style and personality. Think about what colors you'd like, how much skin you're willing to show, and what kinds of activities you'd like to do in the swimsuit.\\nIf you need a swimsuit because you are going to be engaging in watersports, you'll want to have something with more coverage to protect you from bumps and bruises. If you are just going to relax on the beach or go to a pool party, you can wear anything that makes you feel good.\\n1-3. Choose fabrics and cuts that aren't too revealing.\\nTo avoid feeling self-conscious in your suit, avoid tops that are cut very low or that reveal a lot of skin. Also, you want to be careful about choosing white fabric if you are going to get wet because it can become see-through.\\nTo test a swimsuit fabric to see if it's too see-through, put your hand on the inside, stretch it out a little, and hold it up towards the lights. If you can see your hand clearly, the fabric is probably too thin for you to be comfortable and will likely become more transparent in the water and sun.\\nThere are also gender-neutral swimsuits that provide good coverage and look great. Check out brands like Hirsute and Outplay that specialize in these types of suits.\\n1-4. Highlight the features of your body that you really like.\\nPick your favorite body part and play it up with a swimsuit that shows it off. If you have great arms and shoulders, go strapless or choose an off-shoulder design. If you want to show off your waist, choose a belted one-piece suit that will draw everyone's eyes to your midsection.\\nIf you have certain features that you are not comfortable with—the size of your chest or backside, for example—choose a suit that covers up those areas and instead draws people's attention to another part that you do love.\\nThere are suits that have padding in the bottoms and the top that give the illusion of a fuller backside or fuller chest, if this is something that concerns you.\\n1-5. Try different styles until you find the one that makes you feel the best.\\nYou may not ever feel totally comfortable as you try on suits in the store, but you should keep trying on different styles until you find one that makes you feel better than the others. Try many types of suits in various colors and cuts.\\nIt's best to buy swimwear from a store so that you can try it on. You never know what the fit will be like if you buy it online, although if you pay next-to-nothing for an eBay sale, it could be worth the risk.\\n2. Feeling Confident\\n2-1. Get a tan to mask blemishes and bodily imperfections.\\nA subtle tan can make you feel better about the way your body looks in a swimsuit. To avoid harmful UV rays, a tanning lotion or all-over spray tan are great options.\\nKeep in mind what parts of your body will be showing and be sure to try to tan all of your exposed areas evenly. If you don't, you may feel self-conscious about tan lines or missed spots.\\n2-2. Cover up with a sarong, swimsuit cover, or oversized shirt.\\nThere are so many products available that you can wear over a swimsuit to provide some extra coverage and confidence. You can choose a sarong or cover-up that is made for covering swimsuits or just wear a t-shirt and a pair of shorts from your closet.\\nSome swimming pools have rules about wearing shirts in the pool because loose fabric can be dangerous while swimming. If the place you want to swim doesn't allow t-shirts, you can opt for a rashguard top. These are full-coverage, snug-fitting swimming tops.\\nYou can try a tank top and board shorts over a suit to make you feel a little less on display.\\n2-3. Practice wearing the suit around the house to get comfortable.\\nWear your swimsuit around the house while you do everyday activities like the laundry or watch TV. This will help you get comfortable wearing it so that when you have it on in front of others, it feels more natural.\\nBe careful what you do in your swimsuit around the house. Avoid cooking or anything that could cause burns or injury.\\n2-4. Distract yourself so you don't worry about the people around you.\\nNo matter what you are doing in your swimsuit—tanning, watersports, swimming—avoid looking at other people and comparing yourself to them or worrying about what they think of you. Everyone's bodies are different and comparing yourself to others or obsessing if they are doing the same will ruin your fun.\\nTo distract yourself, read a good book or really focus on the sports or activities you are doing. Put your anxieties in the back of your mind.\\n2-5. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself.\\nSurround yourself with good friends or your family. Be with the types of people who you don't think would judge you and you'll find that it's easy to forget about what you're wearing and just enjoy the day.\\n2-6. Forget about being perfect and try to have fun.\\nIf you asked other girls how they feel about wearing a swimsuit, you'd likely hear that everyone has some issues with their bodies or how their suits fit. Knowing that, just try to forget about what people might think or how you look and go have fun swimming, waterskiing, or relaxing on the beach.\\nTips\\nBring your friends or a close family member shopping. Their feedback can help you decide.\\nDon't be embarrassed if people start commenting on your new non-tomboyish appearance. There's nothing to be embarrassed about when it comes to your body.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you're a tomboy, you might be turned off by the idea of revealing or restricting swimsuits. Shopping for swimsuits may seem overwhelming because you don't know what type of suit to get or how to feel right wearing it in front of people. To make wearing swimsuits a little more comfortable and a more positive experience, spend a little time choosing the right suit for your body and personality, and then try out some confidence-boosting tricks.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finding the Right Swimsuit\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Explore the internet or local shops for ideas.\", \"描述\": \"There are many different variations of swimsuits out there, so the first thing you should do is just look around at Pinterest or fashion blogs and see what is available. This will help you gain a little direction before going shopping so you aren't overwhelmed with choices.\\nSearch phrases like “conservative swimsuits” or “modest swimwear” and you'll find suits that offer a little more coverage than a traditional bikini.\\nThere are three basic forms of swimsuits that you will find in most stores: a two-piece bikini; a one-piece suit; and a tankini (which is a tank top or camisole and bikini bottoms or shorts). Within those three categories, there are unlimited possibilities for variations.\\nYou can also find swimsuits that offer more coverage from speciality stores. Sporting goods store sell variations of wetsuits that will offer quite a bit of coverage. Additionally, you can check Islamic clothing stores and websites for modest swimwear that is a lot like a wetsuit in terms of coverage and material.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Assess your style and personality to determine what is right for you.\", \"描述\": \"To be comfortable in a swimsuit, as with any article of clothing, it needs to fit your style and personality. Think about what colors you'd like, how much skin you're willing to show, and what kinds of activities you'd like to do in the swimsuit.\\nIf you need a swimsuit because you are going to be engaging in watersports, you'll want to have something with more coverage to protect you from bumps and bruises. If you are just going to relax on the beach or go to a pool party, you can wear anything that makes you feel good.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Choose fabrics and cuts that aren't too revealing.\", \"描述\": \"To avoid feeling self-conscious in your suit, avoid tops that are cut very low or that reveal a lot of skin. Also, you want to be careful about choosing white fabric if you are going to get wet because it can become see-through.\\nTo test a swimsuit fabric to see if it's too see-through, put your hand on the inside, stretch it out a little, and hold it up towards the lights. If you can see your hand clearly, the fabric is probably too thin for you to be comfortable and will likely become more transparent in the water and sun.\\nThere are also gender-neutral swimsuits that provide good coverage and look great. Check out brands like Hirsute and Outplay that specialize in these types of suits.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Highlight the features of your body that you really like.\", \"描述\": \"Pick your favorite body part and play it up with a swimsuit that shows it off. If you have great arms and shoulders, go strapless or choose an off-shoulder design. If you want to show off your waist, choose a belted one-piece suit that will draw everyone's eyes to your midsection.\\nIf you have certain features that you are not comfortable with—the size of your chest or backside, for example—choose a suit that covers up those areas and instead draws people's attention to another part that you do love.\\nThere are suits that have padding in the bottoms and the top that give the illusion of a fuller backside or fuller chest, if this is something that concerns you.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Try different styles until you find the one that makes you feel the best.\", \"描述\": \"You may not ever feel totally comfortable as you try on suits in the store, but you should keep trying on different styles until you find one that makes you feel better than the others. Try many types of suits in various colors and cuts.\\nIt's best to buy swimwear from a store so that you can try it on. You never know what the fit will be like if you buy it online, although if you pay next-to-nothing for an eBay sale, it could be worth the risk.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Feeling Confident\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a tan to mask blemishes and bodily imperfections.\", \"描述\": \"A subtle tan can make you feel better about the way your body looks in a swimsuit. To avoid harmful UV rays, a tanning lotion or all-over spray tan are great options.\\nKeep in mind what parts of your body will be showing and be sure to try to tan all of your exposed areas evenly. If you don't, you may feel self-conscious about tan lines or missed spots.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Cover up with a sarong, swimsuit cover, or oversized shirt.\", \"描述\": \"There are so many products available that you can wear over a swimsuit to provide some extra coverage and confidence. You can choose a sarong or cover-up that is made for covering swimsuits or just wear a t-shirt and a pair of shorts from your closet.\\nSome swimming pools have rules about wearing shirts in the pool because loose fabric can be dangerous while swimming. If the place you want to swim doesn't allow t-shirts, you can opt for a rashguard top. These are full-coverage, snug-fitting swimming tops.\\nYou can try a tank top and board shorts over a suit to make you feel a little less on display.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice wearing the suit around the house to get comfortable.\", \"描述\": \"Wear your swimsuit around the house while you do everyday activities like the laundry or watch TV. This will help you get comfortable wearing it so that when you have it on in front of others, it feels more natural.\\nBe careful what you do in your swimsuit around the house. Avoid cooking or anything that could cause burns or injury.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Distract yourself so you don't worry about the people around you.\", \"描述\": \"No matter what you are doing in your swimsuit—tanning, watersports, swimming—avoid looking at other people and comparing yourself to them or worrying about what they think of you. Everyone's bodies are different and comparing yourself to others or obsessing if they are doing the same will ruin your fun.\\nTo distract yourself, read a good book or really focus on the sports or activities you are doing. Put your anxieties in the back of your mind.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Surround yourself with good friends or your family. Be with the types of people who you don't think would judge you and you'll find that it's easy to forget about what you're wearing and just enjoy the day.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Forget about being perfect and try to have fun.\", \"描述\": \"If you asked other girls how they feel about wearing a swimsuit, you'd likely hear that everyone has some issues with their bodies or how their suits fit. Knowing that, just try to forget about what people might think or how you look and go have fun swimming, waterskiing, or relaxing on the beach.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Bring your friends or a close family member shopping. Their feedback can help you decide.\\n\", \"Don't be embarrassed if people start commenting on your new non-tomboyish appearance. There's nothing to be embarrassed about when it comes to your body.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,462
How to Adjust to Wearing a CPAP Mask
1. Dealing with Discomfort or Anxiety 1-1. Learn that adjusting to your mask will take time. The most important thing to know about adjusting to your CPAP mask is that it will take time. Ultimately, by wearing a mask, you’ll be changing the way you’ve slept for years. As a result, it will take you time to get used to the sensation of the mask and any changes that come with it. It may take weeks or months for you to feel “normal” with your mask on. The vast majority of people who wear CPAP masks report feeling discomfort during the first days or weeks of wearing them. Wearing a mask might come with a variety of changes, such as a new sleep position, a new pillow, and accepting the need for more space from your significant other. 1-2. Avoid feeling claustrophobic. A problem for many people adjusting to a CPAP mask is overcoming the feeling of claustrophobia – a condition in which you feel anxiety over being trapped or closed in. There are, though, some ways to get over the feeling of claustrophobia: Wear the mask in short increments at first. Try wearing it for 5 or 10 minutes when you are in bed. Slowly increase the amount of time you wear your mask until you’re so comfortable with it that you fall asleep with it on. Disconnect the mask from your machine and wear it around the house as you do housework or watch TV. This way, you’ll slowly grow used to wearing it. Consider a different style of mask that covers less of your face. 1-3. Use white noise to help you relax. A great way to help you overcome anxiety associated with wearing a CPAP machine is to listen to white noise as you sleep. White noise is non-intrusive background noise that helps a lot of people overcome racing thoughts or other symptoms of anxiety. Rely on an alarm clock that generates white noise. Use your smartphone. There are a variety of apps you can download that will create white noise while you sleep. Try different types of white noise. Some people prefer the sound of a rainstorm, others prefer the sound of a babbling brook, while others prefer the sounds of a bustling city street. 1-4. Consult your doctor about medications. If you’ve experienced substantial anxiety or discomfort associated with wearing your CPAP mask, you should consult your doctor. Your doctor may be able to prescribe medication to help you adjust to your CPAP. Doctors have found that a short course of Lunesta may increase the efficacy of CPAP treatment. Depending on your unique health and situation, doctors may be able to prescribe anti-anxiety or anti-depression medications. Always consult your sleep specialist before beginning any medication. 1-5. Deal with a dry or stuffy nose. One unexpected problem that you may experience when adjusting to your CPAP mask is a dry or stuffy nose. This will certainly increase your discomfort and make the adjustment period more problematic. Consider a CPAP machine that also comes with a heated humidifier. Use 2–3 drops of nasal saline in each nostril before you go to bed to your nasal passages moist and healthy. Make sure your mask fits and is not leaky – this could cause you to have a dry nose. 2. Sleeping Appropriately 2-1. Lay in a safe and comfortable position. Perhaps the most important thing to sleeping with your CPAP is making sure you are laying so you can get restful sleep. Without laying in a comfortable way, the CPAP won’t be effective. The vast majority of CPAP users sleep either on the left or right side – the recommended sleeping position for people with CPAP masks. A minority of CPAP users sleep on their stomach or back – positions that are potentially dangerous or undermine the effectiveness of CPAP treatment. Back sleeping is also not very safe because your tongue may wind up obstructing your airway. 2-2. Use a special pillow if you need it. One thing you may want to try to help you sleep better with a CPAP mask is to use a special pillow. Using a special pillow or providing proper elevation will go a long way in helping you get more restful sleep, especially when you just first start to use a CPAP machine. Consider a CPAP-friendly pillow that has cutouts for your tube to fit into. If you are normally a back or stomach sleeper, you may want to consider a special pillow to help you adjust to side sleeping. 2-3. Create a good environment for sleeping. A great way to ease your adjustment to wearing a CPAP mask is to create the best sleep environment possible. By creating a good sleeping environment, you’ll help set yourself at ease, increase your chances of getting restful sleep, and help smooth the transition of your adjustment time. Try to relax before you go to sleep and only go to bed when you feel tired. Purchase new sheets and blankets if that will make you more comfortable. Turn on the fan or turn down the air conditioning if you like it cooler while you sleep. Consider buying a new bed if your old bed is worn out or no longer comfortable. Taking a warm bath can help you feel more relaxed before going to bed. Avoid caffeine or alcohol before bedtime since it can affect how well you sleep. 3. Picking the Right Mask 3-1. Consult a sleep specialist. To adjust to wearing a CPAP mask, you need to be under the care of a sleep specialist. This is important, as many general practitioners may not have the experience or expertise needed to guide a patient through the problems associated with CPAP treatment. Seek a referral to a sleep specialist from your primary care physician. Maintain contact with the sleep specialist as you are adjusting to your CPAP mask. Make sure all doctors you seek treatment from are aware of your sleep apnea diagnosis and the fact that you use a CPAP mask. 3-2. Choose your mask style. There are a wide variety of CPAP masks available. As a result, you should spend a little time making sure you pick a mask and style that work for you. By not doing this, you may be stuck with a mask that is much harder to adjust to. Consider: Full face masks that go over your nose and mouth. This is the style that will likely stay on your face better while you sleep. Nasal pillows that cover your nostrils. Half masks that cover your nose. Specially designed masks that are custom made to fit your face. 3-3. Purchase the right size mask. Your mask size is also very important in making sure your mask fits properly. Without a mask that is the right size, you’ll have a tough time adjusting to wearing your mask. Sizes vary based on the brand and style of mask. Don’t expect that the size of one mask will correspond to the size of another. Always make sure to have a proper fitting. Familiarize yourself with ways of adjusting your mask to fit the best. Many masks offer a variety of ways to adjust tightness and fit. Contact your doctor if your mask does not fit. Follow directions when securing your mask.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:23", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Dealing with Discomfort or Anxiety\\n1-1. Learn that adjusting to your mask will take time.\\nThe most important thing to know about adjusting to your CPAP mask is that it will take time. Ultimately, by wearing a mask, you’ll be changing the way you’ve slept for years. As a result, it will take you time to get used to the sensation of the mask and any changes that come with it.\\nIt may take weeks or months for you to feel “normal” with your mask on.\\nThe vast majority of people who wear CPAP masks report feeling discomfort during the first days or weeks of wearing them.\\nWearing a mask might come with a variety of changes, such as a new sleep position, a new pillow, and accepting the need for more space from your significant other.\\n1-2. Avoid feeling claustrophobic.\\nA problem for many people adjusting to a CPAP mask is overcoming the feeling of claustrophobia – a condition in which you feel anxiety over being trapped or closed in. There are, though, some ways to get over the feeling of claustrophobia:\\nWear the mask in short increments at first. Try wearing it for 5 or 10 minutes when you are in bed.\\nSlowly increase the amount of time you wear your mask until you’re so comfortable with it that you fall asleep with it on.\\nDisconnect the mask from your machine and wear it around the house as you do housework or watch TV. This way, you’ll slowly grow used to wearing it.\\nConsider a different style of mask that covers less of your face.\\n1-3. Use white noise to help you relax.\\nA great way to help you overcome anxiety associated with wearing a CPAP machine is to listen to white noise as you sleep. White noise is non-intrusive background noise that helps a lot of people overcome racing thoughts or other symptoms of anxiety.\\nRely on an alarm clock that generates white noise.\\nUse your smartphone. There are a variety of apps you can download that will create white noise while you sleep.\\nTry different types of white noise. Some people prefer the sound of a rainstorm, others prefer the sound of a babbling brook, while others prefer the sounds of a bustling city street.\\n1-4. Consult your doctor about medications.\\nIf you’ve experienced substantial anxiety or discomfort associated with wearing your CPAP mask, you should consult your doctor. Your doctor may be able to prescribe medication to help you adjust to your CPAP.\\nDoctors have found that a short course of Lunesta may increase the efficacy of CPAP treatment.\\nDepending on your unique health and situation, doctors may be able to prescribe anti-anxiety or anti-depression medications.\\nAlways consult your sleep specialist before beginning any medication.\\n1-5. Deal with a dry or stuffy nose.\\nOne unexpected problem that you may experience when adjusting to your CPAP mask is a dry or stuffy nose. This will certainly increase your discomfort and make the adjustment period more problematic.\\nConsider a CPAP machine that also comes with a heated humidifier.\\nUse 2–3 drops of nasal saline in each nostril before you go to bed to your nasal passages moist and healthy.\\nMake sure your mask fits and is not leaky – this could cause you to have a dry nose.\\n2. Sleeping Appropriately\\n2-1. Lay in a safe and comfortable position.\\nPerhaps the most important thing to sleeping with your CPAP is making sure you are laying so you can get restful sleep. Without laying in a comfortable way, the CPAP won’t be effective.\\nThe vast majority of CPAP users sleep either on the left or right side – the recommended sleeping position for people with CPAP masks.\\nA minority of CPAP users sleep on their stomach or back – positions that are potentially dangerous or undermine the effectiveness of CPAP treatment.\\nBack sleeping is also not very safe because your tongue may wind up obstructing your airway.\\n2-2. Use a special pillow if you need it.\\nOne thing you may want to try to help you sleep better with a CPAP mask is to use a special pillow. Using a special pillow or providing proper elevation will go a long way in helping you get more restful sleep, especially when you just first start to use a CPAP machine.\\nConsider a CPAP-friendly pillow that has cutouts for your tube to fit into.\\nIf you are normally a back or stomach sleeper, you may want to consider a special pillow to help you adjust to side sleeping.\\n2-3. Create a good environment for sleeping.\\nA great way to ease your adjustment to wearing a CPAP mask is to create the best sleep environment possible. By creating a good sleeping environment, you’ll help set yourself at ease, increase your chances of getting restful sleep, and help smooth the transition of your adjustment time. Try to relax before you go to sleep and only go to bed when you feel tired.\\nPurchase new sheets and blankets if that will make you more comfortable.\\nTurn on the fan or turn down the air conditioning if you like it cooler while you sleep.\\nConsider buying a new bed if your old bed is worn out or no longer comfortable.\\nTaking a warm bath can help you feel more relaxed before going to bed.\\nAvoid caffeine or alcohol before bedtime since it can affect how well you sleep.\\n3. Picking the Right Mask\\n3-1. Consult a sleep specialist.\\nTo adjust to wearing a CPAP mask, you need to be under the care of a sleep specialist. This is important, as many general practitioners may not have the experience or expertise needed to guide a patient through the problems associated with CPAP treatment.\\nSeek a referral to a sleep specialist from your primary care physician.\\nMaintain contact with the sleep specialist as you are adjusting to your CPAP mask.\\nMake sure all doctors you seek treatment from are aware of your sleep apnea diagnosis and the fact that you use a CPAP mask.\\n3-2. Choose your mask style.\\nThere are a wide variety of CPAP masks available. As a result, you should spend a little time making sure you pick a mask and style that work for you. By not doing this, you may be stuck with a mask that is much harder to adjust to. Consider:\\nFull face masks that go over your nose and mouth. This is the style that will likely stay on your face better while you sleep.\\nNasal pillows that cover your nostrils.\\nHalf masks that cover your nose.\\nSpecially designed masks that are custom made to fit your face.\\n3-3. Purchase the right size mask.\\nYour mask size is also very important in making sure your mask fits properly. Without a mask that is the right size, you’ll have a tough time adjusting to wearing your mask.\\nSizes vary based on the brand and style of mask. Don’t expect that the size of one mask will correspond to the size of another. Always make sure to have a proper fitting.\\nFamiliarize yourself with ways of adjusting your mask to fit the best. Many masks offer a variety of ways to adjust tightness and fit.\\nContact your doctor if your mask does not fit.\\nFollow directions when securing your mask.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"CPAP devices and masks are some of the most effective ways to conquer sleep apnea and other associated sleep disorders. However, CPAP masks can be cumbersome and may take time to get used to wearing. They not only cause you discomfort, but change the way you sleep and may cause you some anxiety. Fortunately, by dealing with discomfort and anxiety, sleeping appropriately, and picking the right mask, you’ll be able to adjust to wearing your CPAP mask. In the end, you’ll get better sleep and be more rested in the morning.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Dealing with Discomfort or Anxiety\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn that adjusting to your mask will take time.\", \"描述\": \"The most important thing to know about adjusting to your CPAP mask is that it will take time. Ultimately, by wearing a mask, you’ll be changing the way you’ve slept for years. As a result, it will take you time to get used to the sensation of the mask and any changes that come with it.\\nIt may take weeks or months for you to feel “normal” with your mask on.\\nThe vast majority of people who wear CPAP masks report feeling discomfort during the first days or weeks of wearing them.\\nWearing a mask might come with a variety of changes, such as a new sleep position, a new pillow, and accepting the need for more space from your significant other.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid feeling claustrophobic.\", \"描述\": \"A problem for many people adjusting to a CPAP mask is overcoming the feeling of claustrophobia – a condition in which you feel anxiety over being trapped or closed in. There are, though, some ways to get over the feeling of claustrophobia:\\nWear the mask in short increments at first. Try wearing it for 5 or 10 minutes when you are in bed.\\nSlowly increase the amount of time you wear your mask until you’re so comfortable with it that you fall asleep with it on.\\nDisconnect the mask from your machine and wear it around the house as you do housework or watch TV. This way, you’ll slowly grow used to wearing it.\\nConsider a different style of mask that covers less of your face.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use white noise to help you relax.\", \"描述\": \"A great way to help you overcome anxiety associated with wearing a CPAP machine is to listen to white noise as you sleep. White noise is non-intrusive background noise that helps a lot of people overcome racing thoughts or other symptoms of anxiety.\\nRely on an alarm clock that generates white noise.\\nUse your smartphone. There are a variety of apps you can download that will create white noise while you sleep.\\nTry different types of white noise. Some people prefer the sound of a rainstorm, others prefer the sound of a babbling brook, while others prefer the sounds of a bustling city street.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consult your doctor about medications.\", \"描述\": \"If you’ve experienced substantial anxiety or discomfort associated with wearing your CPAP mask, you should consult your doctor. Your doctor may be able to prescribe medication to help you adjust to your CPAP.\\nDoctors have found that a short course of Lunesta may increase the efficacy of CPAP treatment.\\nDepending on your unique health and situation, doctors may be able to prescribe anti-anxiety or anti-depression medications.\\nAlways consult your sleep specialist before beginning any medication.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Deal with a dry or stuffy nose.\", \"描述\": \"One unexpected problem that you may experience when adjusting to your CPAP mask is a dry or stuffy nose. This will certainly increase your discomfort and make the adjustment period more problematic.\\nConsider a CPAP machine that also comes with a heated humidifier.\\nUse 2–3 drops of nasal saline in each nostril before you go to bed to your nasal passages moist and healthy.\\nMake sure your mask fits and is not leaky – this could cause you to have a dry nose.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sleeping Appropriately\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lay in a safe and comfortable position.\", \"描述\": \"Perhaps the most important thing to sleeping with your CPAP is making sure you are laying so you can get restful sleep. Without laying in a comfortable way, the CPAP won’t be effective.\\nThe vast majority of CPAP users sleep either on the left or right side – the recommended sleeping position for people with CPAP masks.\\nA minority of CPAP users sleep on their stomach or back – positions that are potentially dangerous or undermine the effectiveness of CPAP treatment.\\nBack sleeping is also not very safe because your tongue may wind up obstructing your airway.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use a special pillow if you need it.\", \"描述\": \"One thing you may want to try to help you sleep better with a CPAP mask is to use a special pillow. Using a special pillow or providing proper elevation will go a long way in helping you get more restful sleep, especially when you just first start to use a CPAP machine.\\nConsider a CPAP-friendly pillow that has cutouts for your tube to fit into.\\nIf you are normally a back or stomach sleeper, you may want to consider a special pillow to help you adjust to side sleeping.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Create a good environment for sleeping.\", \"描述\": \"A great way to ease your adjustment to wearing a CPAP mask is to create the best sleep environment possible. By creating a good sleeping environment, you’ll help set yourself at ease, increase your chances of getting restful sleep, and help smooth the transition of your adjustment time. Try to relax before you go to sleep and only go to bed when you feel tired.\\nPurchase new sheets and blankets if that will make you more comfortable.\\nTurn on the fan or turn down the air conditioning if you like it cooler while you sleep.\\nConsider buying a new bed if your old bed is worn out or no longer comfortable.\\nTaking a warm bath can help you feel more relaxed before going to bed.\\nAvoid caffeine or alcohol before bedtime since it can affect how well you sleep.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Picking the Right Mask\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consult a sleep specialist.\", \"描述\": \"To adjust to wearing a CPAP mask, you need to be under the care of a sleep specialist. This is important, as many general practitioners may not have the experience or expertise needed to guide a patient through the problems associated with CPAP treatment.\\nSeek a referral to a sleep specialist from your primary care physician.\\nMaintain contact with the sleep specialist as you are adjusting to your CPAP mask.\\nMake sure all doctors you seek treatment from are aware of your sleep apnea diagnosis and the fact that you use a CPAP mask.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose your mask style.\", \"描述\": \"There are a wide variety of CPAP masks available. As a result, you should spend a little time making sure you pick a mask and style that work for you. By not doing this, you may be stuck with a mask that is much harder to adjust to. Consider:\\nFull face masks that go over your nose and mouth. This is the style that will likely stay on your face better while you sleep.\\nNasal pillows that cover your nostrils.\\nHalf masks that cover your nose.\\nSpecially designed masks that are custom made to fit your face.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Purchase the right size mask.\", \"描述\": \"Your mask size is also very important in making sure your mask fits properly. Without a mask that is the right size, you’ll have a tough time adjusting to wearing your mask.\\nSizes vary based on the brand and style of mask. Don’t expect that the size of one mask will correspond to the size of another. Always make sure to have a proper fitting.\\nFamiliarize yourself with ways of adjusting your mask to fit the best. Many masks offer a variety of ways to adjust tightness and fit.\\nContact your doctor if your mask does not fit.\\nFollow directions when securing your mask.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,463
How to Adjust to a New Job
1. Brush up on your professional knowledge. The more prepared you are, the faster you’ll adjust. Read up on the latest trends, technologies, and terms for your industry to get up to date. Google your new company to find out if there’s any hot news you’re not aware of,in case it comes up in conversation at work. Reach out to your new boss or manager and ask for a list of any professional readings they would like you to be familiar with that would help you with your new role. This shows initiative as well! 2. Strive to make a great first impression. Looking and acting professional shows that you take the job seriously. Show up to your first day of work dressed well, on time, and with a positive attitude. Keep your personal phone away and focus 100% of your attention on your new job. Take notes and make an effort to remember people’s faces and names. If you’re naturally more of an introverted person, try to push yourself out of your comfort zone when you first start a new job and be a little more extroverted until you feel settled in. It may be a bit uncomfortable at first, but you’ll appreciate the effort later on! 3. Talk to your boss about expectations. It's easier to adjust if you know exactly what you need to do. Set up a meeting with your new boss or manager as soon as possible. Ask them about basic things like how they want you to communicate, especially when it comes to problems and decision making. You can also ask your boss to work with you to develop 30-day and 90-day plans for your success. These plans can lay out expectations about what you should learn how to do and what you should accomplish during your first month and first quarter at your new job. 4. Adapt to your boss’s working style. Your boss will appreciate how capable and receptive you are. Try your best to adapt your working habits to suit the preferences and priorities of your new supervisor. If they seem to want a lot of communication from their employees, give them frequent updates on your work. Or, if they seem to prefer people to work more independently, focus on working more autonomously. If you still aren’t sure about your new boss’s working style, ask your close co-workers for advice. 5. Ask lots of questions. You’ll learn the ropes faster and feel more engaged. If you aren’t sure how a process or tool works, ask a co-worker or your supervisor for help. Ask questions in meetings to show you’re paying attention and gain a better understanding of things. If you’re feeling overwhelmed with all the new tasks you have to learn how to do, ask your boss or manager to assign you a “buddy” or a mentor on your team to help you adjust to the new job. Don't worry about communicating too much with your boss or co-workers. The more you communicate, the fewer misunderstandings and miscommunications there will be. 6. Study how the internal organization works. Get a feel for everyone’s roles and how you fit into the picture. Examine any internal documents and organizational charts to help you understand the organization and the duties of its members. Watch the interactions between different leaders and managers to get a feel for the daily interactions and power dynamics between them. Try to draw conclusions about who the most respected and influential people within the organization are. These are people to keep in mind when you’re building relationships later on. 7. Observe the company work ethic. Try to settle into the normal pace and flow of things. Pay close attention to things like how early people show up for meetings, what people do on their lunch breaks, what hours people work, and how much socializing people do at work. Do your best to adapt your work style to the new company’s culture, as long as it doesn’t affect your work-life balance. Never compromise who you are or what your work ethic is just to fit in at your new job. If you are only contracted to work 8 hours and people regularly work 9 or 10, don’t feel bad going home when the clock strikes 5! 8. Pay attention to how people communicate. Follow their lead so you can adapt and fit in quickly. Do they send instant messages, write emails, or talk in person more frequently? If people use certain means of communication for certain types of requests or updates, make sure to do the same. For example, if people tend to send emails for formal requests, don’t make formal requests verbally or via chat. 9. Get to know your colleagues. Building personal relationships makes work enjoyable. Go out to lunch with coworkers or chat with people in the breakroom. Say hi to people around the office and try to learn their names, even if they’re not someone you work with directly. Be careful not to get caught up in any workplace gossip or start hanging out with just 1 clique at work. The goal is to be friendly and get to know everyone in a positive way to help you settle in. 10. Build relationships with key people. Learn who the key players are and reach out to them. Try to set up short introductory meetings with stakeholders and other key people within the organization. If you’re not sure who you should start building relationships with at first, ask your boss or manager. When you meet with people, ask them about their roles to help you understand the company better. Then, ask them how your role relates to there’s to get an idea of how you might collaborate. 11. Aim to make 3 key contributions early on. Early wins establish your credibility as part of the team. Anything that helps your team or the company succeed can be considered a key contribution. Aim to tick at least 3 things of your list of goals early on, or volunteer to help out a teammate or take on extra work when you have free time. For example, if you’re working in a new sales job and your team has a goal of hitting $30,000 in sales by the end of the month, try to make at least a couple solid sales during your first week or 2 at work. Or, if you see there are a couple members of your team that have to stay late at the end of the day to finish entering some date into a database, offer to stay and help to make it go faster for everyone. 12. Ask for feedback after 30 and 90 days. That way, you know how you’re doing and where you could improve. Sit down with your supervisor after 30 and 90 days and ask them to evaluate your performance. Take notes on what they say you’re doing well and on any areas for improvement. Depending on where you work, there may already be a formal system in place for regular feedback. If not, make sure to ask your boss or manager directly for an evaluation. Tips Try not to miss your old job. It takes time to adjust to a new job and it’s normal to feel nostalgic. [14] X Research source *If any second thoughts about leaving your old job cross your mind, tell yourself that your new job will eventually feel just as comfortable.[15] X Research source Warnings Don’t compare how things are done at your new company to how they were done at your old job. This can make it harder to adjust to new processes and tasks.[16] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:24", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Brush up on your professional knowledge.\\nThe more prepared you are, the faster you’ll adjust.\\nRead up on the latest trends, technologies, and terms for your industry to get up to date. Google your new company to find out if there’s any hot news you’re not aware of,in case it comes up in conversation at work.\\nReach out to your new boss or manager and ask for a list of any professional readings they would like you to be familiar with that would help you with your new role. This shows initiative as well!\\n2. Strive to make a great first impression.\\nLooking and acting professional shows that you take the job seriously.\\nShow up to your first day of work dressed well, on time, and with a positive attitude. Keep your personal phone away and focus 100% of your attention on your new job. Take notes and make an effort to remember people’s faces and names.\\nIf you’re naturally more of an introverted person, try to push yourself out of your comfort zone when you first start a new job and be a little more extroverted until you feel settled in. It may be a bit uncomfortable at first, but you’ll appreciate the effort later on!\\n3. Talk to your boss about expectations.\\nIt's easier to adjust if you know exactly what you need to do.\\nSet up a meeting with your new boss or manager as soon as possible. Ask them about basic things like how they want you to communicate, especially when it comes to problems and decision making.\\nYou can also ask your boss to work with you to develop 30-day and 90-day plans for your success. These plans can lay out expectations about what you should learn how to do and what you should accomplish during your first month and first quarter at your new job.\\n4. Adapt to your boss’s working style.\\nYour boss will appreciate how capable and receptive you are.\\nTry your best to adapt your working habits to suit the preferences and priorities of your new supervisor. If they seem to want a lot of communication from their employees, give them frequent updates on your work. Or, if they seem to prefer people to work more independently, focus on working more autonomously.\\nIf you still aren’t sure about your new boss’s working style, ask your close co-workers for advice.\\n5. Ask lots of questions.\\nYou’ll learn the ropes faster and feel more engaged.\\nIf you aren’t sure how a process or tool works, ask a co-worker or your supervisor for help. Ask questions in meetings to show you’re paying attention and gain a better understanding of things.\\nIf you’re feeling overwhelmed with all the new tasks you have to learn how to do, ask your boss or manager to assign you a “buddy” or a mentor on your team to help you adjust to the new job.\\nDon't worry about communicating too much with your boss or co-workers. The more you communicate, the fewer misunderstandings and miscommunications there will be.\\n6. Study how the internal organization works.\\nGet a feel for everyone’s roles and how you fit into the picture.\\nExamine any internal documents and organizational charts to help you understand the organization and the duties of its members. Watch the interactions between different leaders and managers to get a feel for the daily interactions and power dynamics between them.\\nTry to draw conclusions about who the most respected and influential people within the organization are. These are people to keep in mind when you’re building relationships later on.\\n7. Observe the company work ethic.\\nTry to settle into the normal pace and flow of things.\\nPay close attention to things like how early people show up for meetings, what people do on their lunch breaks, what hours people work, and how much socializing people do at work. Do your best to adapt your work style to the new company’s culture, as long as it doesn’t affect your work-life balance.\\nNever compromise who you are or what your work ethic is just to fit in at your new job. If you are only contracted to work 8 hours and people regularly work 9 or 10, don’t feel bad going home when the clock strikes 5!\\n8. Pay attention to how people communicate.\\nFollow their lead so you can adapt and fit in quickly.\\nDo they send instant messages, write emails, or talk in person more frequently? If people use certain means of communication for certain types of requests or updates, make sure to do the same.\\nFor example, if people tend to send emails for formal requests, don’t make formal requests verbally or via chat.\\n9. Get to know your colleagues.\\nBuilding personal relationships makes work enjoyable.\\nGo out to lunch with coworkers or chat with people in the breakroom. Say hi to people around the office and try to learn their names, even if they’re not someone you work with directly.\\nBe careful not to get caught up in any workplace gossip or start hanging out with just 1 clique at work. The goal is to be friendly and get to know everyone in a positive way to help you settle in.\\n10. Build relationships with key people.\\nLearn who the key players are and reach out to them.\\nTry to set up short introductory meetings with stakeholders and other key people within the organization. If you’re not sure who you should start building relationships with at first, ask your boss or manager.\\nWhen you meet with people, ask them about their roles to help you understand the company better. Then, ask them how your role relates to there’s to get an idea of how you might collaborate.\\n11. Aim to make 3 key contributions early on.\\nEarly wins establish your credibility as part of the team.\\nAnything that helps your team or the company succeed can be considered a key contribution. Aim to tick at least 3 things of your list of goals early on, or volunteer to help out a teammate or take on extra work when you have free time.\\nFor example, if you’re working in a new sales job and your team has a goal of hitting $30,000 in sales by the end of the month, try to make at least a couple solid sales during your first week or 2 at work.\\nOr, if you see there are a couple members of your team that have to stay late at the end of the day to finish entering some date into a database, offer to stay and help to make it go faster for everyone.\\n12. Ask for feedback after 30 and 90 days.\\nThat way, you know how you’re doing and where you could improve.\\nSit down with your supervisor after 30 and 90 days and ask them to evaluate your performance. Take notes on what they say you’re doing well and on any areas for improvement.\\nDepending on where you work, there may already be a formal system in place for regular feedback. If not, make sure to ask your boss or manager directly for an evaluation.\\nTips\\nTry not to miss your old job. It takes time to adjust to a new job and it’s normal to feel nostalgic. [14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n*If any second thoughts about leaving your old job cross your mind, tell yourself that your new job will eventually feel just as comfortable.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nDon’t compare how things are done at your new company to how they were done at your old job. This can make it harder to adjust to new processes and tasks.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Just like when you started at a new school when you were younger, the first few days, weeks, and months of any new job can take some adjusting. Whether it’s your first professional job or a new step along your career path, there are lots of ways you can make adjusting to your new role smoother. Below, we’ve put together some of the top tips and tricks you can use to help you settle in at your new place of work.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Brush up on your professional knowledge.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"The more prepared you are, the faster you’ll adjust.\", \"描述\": \"Read up on the latest trends, technologies, and terms for your industry to get up to date. Google your new company to find out if there’s any hot news you’re not aware of,in case it comes up in conversation at work.\\nReach out to your new boss or manager and ask for a list of any professional readings they would like you to be familiar with that would help you with your new role. This shows initiative as well!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Strive to make a great first impression.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Looking and acting professional shows that you take the job seriously.\", \"描述\": \"Show up to your first day of work dressed well, on time, and with a positive attitude. Keep your personal phone away and focus 100% of your attention on your new job. Take notes and make an effort to remember people’s faces and names.\\nIf you’re naturally more of an introverted person, try to push yourself out of your comfort zone when you first start a new job and be a little more extroverted until you feel settled in. It may be a bit uncomfortable at first, but you’ll appreciate the effort later on!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Talk to your boss about expectations.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"It's easier to adjust if you know exactly what you need to do.\", \"描述\": \"Set up a meeting with your new boss or manager as soon as possible. Ask them about basic things like how they want you to communicate, especially when it comes to problems and decision making.\\nYou can also ask your boss to work with you to develop 30-day and 90-day plans for your success. These plans can lay out expectations about what you should learn how to do and what you should accomplish during your first month and first quarter at your new job.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adapt to your boss’s working style.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Your boss will appreciate how capable and receptive you are.\", \"描述\": \"Try your best to adapt your working habits to suit the preferences and priorities of your new supervisor. If they seem to want a lot of communication from their employees, give them frequent updates on your work. Or, if they seem to prefer people to work more independently, focus on working more autonomously.\\nIf you still aren’t sure about your new boss’s working style, ask your close co-workers for advice.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ask lots of questions.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You’ll learn the ropes faster and feel more engaged.\", \"描述\": \"If you aren’t sure how a process or tool works, ask a co-worker or your supervisor for help. Ask questions in meetings to show you’re paying attention and gain a better understanding of things.\\nIf you’re feeling overwhelmed with all the new tasks you have to learn how to do, ask your boss or manager to assign you a “buddy” or a mentor on your team to help you adjust to the new job.\\nDon't worry about communicating too much with your boss or co-workers. The more you communicate, the fewer misunderstandings and miscommunications there will be.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Study how the internal organization works.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a feel for everyone’s roles and how you fit into the picture.\", \"描述\": \"Examine any internal documents and organizational charts to help you understand the organization and the duties of its members. Watch the interactions between different leaders and managers to get a feel for the daily interactions and power dynamics between them.\\nTry to draw conclusions about who the most respected and influential people within the organization are. These are people to keep in mind when you’re building relationships later on.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Observe the company work ethic.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Try to settle into the normal pace and flow of things.\", \"描述\": \"Pay close attention to things like how early people show up for meetings, what people do on their lunch breaks, what hours people work, and how much socializing people do at work. Do your best to adapt your work style to the new company’s culture, as long as it doesn’t affect your work-life balance.\\nNever compromise who you are or what your work ethic is just to fit in at your new job. If you are only contracted to work 8 hours and people regularly work 9 or 10, don’t feel bad going home when the clock strikes 5!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Pay attention to how people communicate.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Follow their lead so you can adapt and fit in quickly.\", \"描述\": \"Do they send instant messages, write emails, or talk in person more frequently? If people use certain means of communication for certain types of requests or updates, make sure to do the same.\\nFor example, if people tend to send emails for formal requests, don’t make formal requests verbally or via chat.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Get to know your colleagues.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Building personal relationships makes work enjoyable.\", \"描述\": \"Go out to lunch with coworkers or chat with people in the breakroom. Say hi to people around the office and try to learn their names, even if they’re not someone you work with directly.\\nBe careful not to get caught up in any workplace gossip or start hanging out with just 1 clique at work. The goal is to be friendly and get to know everyone in a positive way to help you settle in.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Build relationships with key people.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn who the key players are and reach out to them.\", \"描述\": \"Try to set up short introductory meetings with stakeholders and other key people within the organization. If you’re not sure who you should start building relationships with at first, ask your boss or manager.\\nWhen you meet with people, ask them about their roles to help you understand the company better. Then, ask them how your role relates to there’s to get an idea of how you might collaborate.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Aim to make 3 key contributions early on.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Early wins establish your credibility as part of the team.\", \"描述\": \"Anything that helps your team or the company succeed can be considered a key contribution. Aim to tick at least 3 things of your list of goals early on, or volunteer to help out a teammate or take on extra work when you have free time.\\nFor example, if you’re working in a new sales job and your team has a goal of hitting $30,000 in sales by the end of the month, try to make at least a couple solid sales during your first week or 2 at work.\\nOr, if you see there are a couple members of your team that have to stay late at the end of the day to finish entering some date into a database, offer to stay and help to make it go faster for everyone.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Ask for feedback after 30 and 90 days.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"That way, you know how you’re doing and where you could improve.\", \"描述\": \"Sit down with your supervisor after 30 and 90 days and ask them to evaluate your performance. Take notes on what they say you’re doing well and on any areas for improvement.\\nDepending on where you work, there may already be a formal system in place for regular feedback. If not, make sure to ask your boss or manager directly for an evaluation.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Try not to miss your old job. It takes time to adjust to a new job and it’s normal to feel nostalgic. [14]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n*If any second thoughts about leaving your old job cross your mind, tell yourself that your new job will eventually feel just as comfortable.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don’t compare how things are done at your new company to how they were done at your old job. This can make it harder to adjust to new processes and tasks.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,464
How to Adjust to a New School
1. Getting to Know the School 1-1. Take a tour of your school. Before you start the school, go with your parents to visit the school. Find out where your classroom will be, as well as the cafeteria, auditorium, gym and other important places (including the bathroom!) 1-2. Meet your teachers. Meeting your teachers before you start school will also help you make a smooth adjustment to the new school. Introduce yourself and smile. Being friendly with your teachers will help your transition. Find out some key facts about them, such as what subject they teach, where they teach, their name etc. 1-3. Read the school handbook. Knowing the school’s policies ahead of time will help make it easier to fit in with the school culture. Get the school handbook from the school or download it from the school’s website. Read through it with your parents so that they can explain policies that might sound confusing to you. If your new school doesn't have a handbook, read the rules and school diary to get used to what is expected. The school handbook might also have some interesting facts about the school, which can help you get acquainted with its history, the students and the teachers. 1-4. Know the school year calendar. It will be helpful to know when vacation/holiday days are scheduled, as well as half-days and special days like field days or carnivals. Mark these dates on a calendar in your room. This will help you anticipate when you have a short day of school or a day off. 2. Preparing for the First Day 2-1. Do a practice run of your first day. Before the first day of school, it can help to take a practice run so you know how long it will take to walk, bike or drive to school. Then, know exactly where to go for your first class. 2-2. Get your school supplies together. Get a list of required school supplies from the school or the school’s website. Go shopping for your supplies and make sure you have them all ready to take to school. 2-3. Get a good night’s sleep. Start off your first day of school with a good night’s sleep. Being well rested will help fend off any nervousness you may be feeling. Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you’re over 12, or 10 to 11 hours of sleep if you’re between 7 and 11 years old. 2-4. Eat a good breakfast. You might be too nervous to eat much, but it’s important that you give your body some fuel to get through until lunchtime. Eat something with protein, such as peanut butter toast or eggs. 2-5. Get your outfit ready. Lay out your outfit for the first day of school the night before. Then you won’t be rushing around for a clean pair of pants or your other shoe in the morning. It will help you start your day off calmly when you can envision yourself walking into school wearing a particular outfit. If you're wearing a school uniform, make sure to get it early and make sure it fits well. Wearing well-fitting clothes will help you feel better about starting a new school. 2-6. Leave early for school. Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school. You don’t want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends. 2-7. Talk with your parents about your concerns. Your parents have gone through many transitions and have attended new schools. Ask them about how they felt making new friends. Remember that if you have moved to a new town, your parents are also going through a transition and needing to adjust to a new job or to make new friends. You can ask them about their day too, and maybe even give them some pointers on adjusting to a new situation. 3. Doing Your Best at School 3-1. Learn the rules of the school. Every school has its own set of rules that help students stay safe and learn well. You may need a hall pass to use the bathroom during class, for example. Learning the rules of the school will help you adjust and will keep you out of trouble. 3-2. Do what your teachers say. When you are starting a new school, you should follow your teachers' instructions very closely. You don’t need to be a brown-noser, but making a good impression with your teachers will go a long way to making a positive adjustment to a new school. 3-3. Do your homework and try to do well in school. Keeping up with your homework and making a solid effort to do well in school will help with your adjustment. You are already under enough stress with adjusting to a new school that you don’t want to add more stress with poor grades. 3-4. Make sure you’re placed in the right grade. When you move to a new school, your education so far is assessed and you are placed in your grade. Almost all of the time, this will mean that you are placed in the grade you are expecting (for example, if you left your old school in 4th grade and you’re moving over the summer, you’ll start in 5th grade). If you are in high school, meet with a school counselor to make sure you are on track with prerequisites and graduation requirements. 3-5. Tell your parents about what went well at school. When you are adjusting to a new school, you might feel lonely or shy. But every day, there are good things that happen, even if they are minor. Telling your parents about these things can help you realize that you are getting used to your school. Examples include: getting a good score on a test, saying hello to someone new, scoring a goal in PE, and so on. 4. Making Friends 4-1. Learn how to introduce yourself. Introducing yourself and starting a conversation with someone new can be intimidating, especially if you feel shy. Once you break the ice, however, you may find yourself in the middle of a bunch of friends. Choose someone to introduce yourself to. Smile and say hello. Talk about something related to school, such as, “We’re in the same English class,” or “When is the assignment due?” Rehearse your conversation by practicing with your parent, sibling or even your pet. You can also think of other ways to start up a conversation, such as complimenting someone on their clothes or noticing a cool new notebook. 4-2. Try to meet new people before school starts. Making a new friend or two before school starts can be helpful so that you don’t feel so alone when you go to the first day of school. Go to a park in the school neighborhood, or join a summer camp. It can be helpful to see some familiar faces in your classroom when school starts. 4-3. Participate in activities. Sign up for activities like drama, sports or chess club. This will put you into smaller groups with people who have similar interests as yours. This will also give you a chance to demonstrate your skills at a particular sport or other activity. You might even be able to teach some other kids about how to do something. 4-4. Be yourself. It can be exhausting to pretend to be someone else in order to fit in. Try your best to just be yourself. Don’t worry too much about what other people think. 4-5. Make good decisions about making friends. When you are in a new school, you have the chance to make friends with anybody. It can be tempting to try to fit in with cool kids. You should, however, spend most of your effort making friends with people that you’re comfortable around. It goes back to the idea of being yourself. Who are the people that enjoy your company because of who you are? Who are the people who treat you with respect? 4-6. Set goals for yourself. By setting goals for yourself every day or every week, you can see how you are adjusting to your new school in very real ways. For example, you can say, “I’ll attend one club meeting this week,” so that when you attend the meeting, you’ll know you’re trying hard to adjust. Another goal is to try saying hello to 3 new people every day. 4-7. Keep in touch with your old friends. Just because you’ve moved to a new school, that doesn’t mean you can’t have your old friends in your life. Talk to your old friends on the phone or send them emails. 4-8. Start a conversation with your seatmate is the best way to make a friend. 4-9. Sharing your experiences during your vacation is the a good start to make your new friend feel comfortable. Tips Be patient and positive. It can take some time to adjust to a new school. If it’s still difficult after 6 weeks, talk with your parents or make an appointment with the school counselor.[11] X Research source Siblings can be helpful when you are adjusting to a new school. Talk with your siblings about how they are adjusting and problems that they may be having. Even waving at your sibling when you see them during school can help you remember that you are not alone. If you have been homeschooled and you are entering a new school for the first time, check out the wikiHow article, “How to Go from Home School to High School.”
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:24", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting to Know the School\\n1-1. Take a tour of your school.\\nBefore you start the school, go with your parents to visit the school. Find out where your classroom will be, as well as the cafeteria, auditorium, gym and other important places (including the bathroom!)\\n1-2. Meet your teachers.\\nMeeting your teachers before you start school will also help you make a smooth adjustment to the new school. Introduce yourself and smile. Being friendly with your teachers will help your transition. Find out some key facts about them, such as what subject they teach, where they teach, their name etc.\\n1-3. Read the school handbook.\\nKnowing the school’s policies ahead of time will help make it easier to fit in with the school culture. Get the school handbook from the school or download it from the school’s website. Read through it with your parents so that they can explain policies that might sound confusing to you. If your new school doesn't have a handbook, read the rules and school diary to get used to what is expected.\\nThe school handbook might also have some interesting facts about the school, which can help you get acquainted with its history, the students and the teachers.\\n1-4. Know the school year calendar.\\nIt will be helpful to know when vacation/holiday days are scheduled, as well as half-days and special days like field days or carnivals. Mark these dates on a calendar in your room. This will help you anticipate when you have a short day of school or a day off.\\n2. Preparing for the First Day\\n2-1. Do a practice run of your first day.\\nBefore the first day of school, it can help to take a practice run so you know how long it will take to walk, bike or drive to school. Then, know exactly where to go for your first class.\\n2-2. Get your school supplies together.\\nGet a list of required school supplies from the school or the school’s website. Go shopping for your supplies and make sure you have them all ready to take to school.\\n2-3. Get a good night’s sleep.\\nStart off your first day of school with a good night’s sleep. Being well rested will help fend off any nervousness you may be feeling. Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you’re over 12, or 10 to 11 hours of sleep if you’re between 7 and 11 years old.\\n2-4. Eat a good breakfast.\\nYou might be too nervous to eat much, but it’s important that you give your body some fuel to get through until lunchtime. Eat something with protein, such as peanut butter toast or eggs.\\n2-5. Get your outfit ready.\\nLay out your outfit for the first day of school the night before. Then you won’t be rushing around for a clean pair of pants or your other shoe in the morning. It will help you start your day off calmly when you can envision yourself walking into school wearing a particular outfit.\\nIf you're wearing a school uniform, make sure to get it early and make sure it fits well. Wearing well-fitting clothes will help you feel better about starting a new school.\\n2-6. Leave early for school.\\nMake sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school. You don’t want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends.\\n2-7. Talk with your parents about your concerns.\\nYour parents have gone through many transitions and have attended new schools. Ask them about how they felt making new friends.\\nRemember that if you have moved to a new town, your parents are also going through a transition and needing to adjust to a new job or to make new friends. You can ask them about their day too, and maybe even give them some pointers on adjusting to a new situation.\\n3. Doing Your Best at School\\n3-1. Learn the rules of the school.\\nEvery school has its own set of rules that help students stay safe and learn well. You may need a hall pass to use the bathroom during class, for example. Learning the rules of the school will help you adjust and will keep you out of trouble.\\n3-2. Do what your teachers say.\\nWhen you are starting a new school, you should follow your teachers' instructions very closely. You don’t need to be a brown-noser, but making a good impression with your teachers will go a long way to making a positive adjustment to a new school.\\n3-3. Do your homework and try to do well in school.\\nKeeping up with your homework and making a solid effort to do well in school will help with your adjustment. You are already under enough stress with adjusting to a new school that you don’t want to add more stress with poor grades.\\n3-4. Make sure you’re placed in the right grade.\\nWhen you move to a new school, your education so far is assessed and you are placed in your grade. Almost all of the time, this will mean that you are placed in the grade you are expecting (for example, if you left your old school in 4th grade and you’re moving over the summer, you’ll start in 5th grade).\\nIf you are in high school, meet with a school counselor to make sure you are on track with prerequisites and graduation requirements.\\n3-5. Tell your parents about what went well at school.\\nWhen you are adjusting to a new school, you might feel lonely or shy. But every day, there are good things that happen, even if they are minor. Telling your parents about these things can help you realize that you are getting used to your school.\\nExamples include: getting a good score on a test, saying hello to someone new, scoring a goal in PE, and so on.\\n4. Making Friends\\n4-1. Learn how to introduce yourself.\\nIntroducing yourself and starting a conversation with someone new can be intimidating, especially if you feel shy. Once you break the ice, however, you may find yourself in the middle of a bunch of friends. Choose someone to introduce yourself to. Smile and say hello. Talk about something related to school, such as, “We’re in the same English class,” or “When is the assignment due?”\\nRehearse your conversation by practicing with your parent, sibling or even your pet.\\nYou can also think of other ways to start up a conversation, such as complimenting someone on their clothes or noticing a cool new notebook.\\n4-2. Try to meet new people before school starts.\\nMaking a new friend or two before school starts can be helpful so that you don’t feel so alone when you go to the first day of school. Go to a park in the school neighborhood, or join a summer camp. It can be helpful to see some familiar faces in your classroom when school starts.\\n4-3. Participate in activities.\\nSign up for activities like drama, sports or chess club. This will put you into smaller groups with people who have similar interests as yours. This will also give you a chance to demonstrate your skills at a particular sport or other activity. You might even be able to teach some other kids about how to do something.\\n4-4. Be yourself.\\nIt can be exhausting to pretend to be someone else in order to fit in. Try your best to just be yourself. Don’t worry too much about what other people think.\\n4-5. Make good decisions about making friends.\\nWhen you are in a new school, you have the chance to make friends with anybody. It can be tempting to try to fit in with cool kids. You should, however, spend most of your effort making friends with people that you’re comfortable around. It goes back to the idea of being yourself. Who are the people that enjoy your company because of who you are? Who are the people who treat you with respect?\\n4-6. Set goals for yourself.\\nBy setting goals for yourself every day or every week, you can see how you are adjusting to your new school in very real ways. For example, you can say, “I’ll attend one club meeting this week,” so that when you attend the meeting, you’ll know you’re trying hard to adjust.\\nAnother goal is to try saying hello to 3 new people every day.\\n4-7. Keep in touch with your old friends.\\nJust because you’ve moved to a new school, that doesn’t mean you can’t have your old friends in your life. Talk to your old friends on the phone or send them emails.\\n4-8. Start a conversation with your seatmate is the best way to make a friend.\\n\\n4-9. Sharing your experiences during your vacation is the a good start to make your new friend feel comfortable.\\n\\nTips\\nBe patient and positive. It can take some time to adjust to a new school. If it’s still difficult after 6 weeks, talk with your parents or make an appointment with the school counselor.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nSiblings can be helpful when you are adjusting to a new school. Talk with your siblings about how they are adjusting and problems that they may be having. Even waving at your sibling when you see them during school can help you remember that you are not alone.\\nIf you have been homeschooled and you are entering a new school for the first time, check out the wikiHow article, “How to Go from Home School to High School.”\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"School is a child's base, where they learn to succeed. Adjusting to a new school can be nerve-wracking and scary. When you go to a new school, you might worry that you don’t know anyone or that you won’t fit in. You worry that you might get lost, or if the teachers are strict. As you get into your schoolwork and after-school activities, you’ll find that you’re making friends and life is getting easier. Knowing about your school, preparing for the first day and knowing how to make friends can make this transition a lot easier.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting to Know the School\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take a tour of your school.\", \"描述\": \"Before you start the school, go with your parents to visit the school. Find out where your classroom will be, as well as the cafeteria, auditorium, gym and other important places (including the bathroom!)\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meet your teachers.\", \"描述\": \"Meeting your teachers before you start school will also help you make a smooth adjustment to the new school. Introduce yourself and smile. Being friendly with your teachers will help your transition. Find out some key facts about them, such as what subject they teach, where they teach, their name etc.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read the school handbook.\", \"描述\": \"Knowing the school’s policies ahead of time will help make it easier to fit in with the school culture. Get the school handbook from the school or download it from the school’s website. Read through it with your parents so that they can explain policies that might sound confusing to you. If your new school doesn't have a handbook, read the rules and school diary to get used to what is expected.\\nThe school handbook might also have some interesting facts about the school, which can help you get acquainted with its history, the students and the teachers.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Know the school year calendar.\", \"描述\": \"It will be helpful to know when vacation/holiday days are scheduled, as well as half-days and special days like field days or carnivals. Mark these dates on a calendar in your room. This will help you anticipate when you have a short day of school or a day off.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Preparing for the First Day\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do a practice run of your first day.\", \"描述\": \"Before the first day of school, it can help to take a practice run so you know how long it will take to walk, bike or drive to school. Then, know exactly where to go for your first class.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get your school supplies together.\", \"描述\": \"Get a list of required school supplies from the school or the school’s website. Go shopping for your supplies and make sure you have them all ready to take to school.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a good night’s sleep.\", \"描述\": \"Start off your first day of school with a good night’s sleep. Being well rested will help fend off any nervousness you may be feeling. Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you’re over 12, or 10 to 11 hours of sleep if you’re between 7 and 11 years old.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Eat a good breakfast.\", \"描述\": \"You might be too nervous to eat much, but it’s important that you give your body some fuel to get through until lunchtime. Eat something with protein, such as peanut butter toast or eggs.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get your outfit ready.\", \"描述\": \"Lay out your outfit for the first day of school the night before. Then you won’t be rushing around for a clean pair of pants or your other shoe in the morning. It will help you start your day off calmly when you can envision yourself walking into school wearing a particular outfit.\\nIf you're wearing a school uniform, make sure to get it early and make sure it fits well. Wearing well-fitting clothes will help you feel better about starting a new school.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Leave early for school.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school. You don’t want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Talk with your parents about your concerns.\", \"描述\": \"Your parents have gone through many transitions and have attended new schools. Ask them about how they felt making new friends.\\nRemember that if you have moved to a new town, your parents are also going through a transition and needing to adjust to a new job or to make new friends. You can ask them about their day too, and maybe even give them some pointers on adjusting to a new situation.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Doing Your Best at School\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn the rules of the school.\", \"描述\": \"Every school has its own set of rules that help students stay safe and learn well. You may need a hall pass to use the bathroom during class, for example. Learning the rules of the school will help you adjust and will keep you out of trouble.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Do what your teachers say.\", \"描述\": \"When you are starting a new school, you should follow your teachers' instructions very closely. You don’t need to be a brown-noser, but making a good impression with your teachers will go a long way to making a positive adjustment to a new school.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do your homework and try to do well in school.\", \"描述\": \"Keeping up with your homework and making a solid effort to do well in school will help with your adjustment. You are already under enough stress with adjusting to a new school that you don’t want to add more stress with poor grades.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make sure you’re placed in the right grade.\", \"描述\": \"When you move to a new school, your education so far is assessed and you are placed in your grade. Almost all of the time, this will mean that you are placed in the grade you are expecting (for example, if you left your old school in 4th grade and you’re moving over the summer, you’ll start in 5th grade).\\nIf you are in high school, meet with a school counselor to make sure you are on track with prerequisites and graduation requirements.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tell your parents about what went well at school.\", \"描述\": \"When you are adjusting to a new school, you might feel lonely or shy. But every day, there are good things that happen, even if they are minor. Telling your parents about these things can help you realize that you are getting used to your school.\\nExamples include: getting a good score on a test, saying hello to someone new, scoring a goal in PE, and so on.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Making Friends\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn how to introduce yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Introducing yourself and starting a conversation with someone new can be intimidating, especially if you feel shy. Once you break the ice, however, you may find yourself in the middle of a bunch of friends. Choose someone to introduce yourself to. Smile and say hello. Talk about something related to school, such as, “We’re in the same English class,” or “When is the assignment due?”\\nRehearse your conversation by practicing with your parent, sibling or even your pet.\\nYou can also think of other ways to start up a conversation, such as complimenting someone on their clothes or noticing a cool new notebook.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try to meet new people before school starts.\", \"描述\": \"Making a new friend or two before school starts can be helpful so that you don’t feel so alone when you go to the first day of school. Go to a park in the school neighborhood, or join a summer camp. It can be helpful to see some familiar faces in your classroom when school starts.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Participate in activities.\", \"描述\": \"Sign up for activities like drama, sports or chess club. This will put you into smaller groups with people who have similar interests as yours. This will also give you a chance to demonstrate your skills at a particular sport or other activity. You might even be able to teach some other kids about how to do something.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be yourself.\", \"描述\": \"It can be exhausting to pretend to be someone else in order to fit in. Try your best to just be yourself. Don’t worry too much about what other people think.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Make good decisions about making friends.\", \"描述\": \"When you are in a new school, you have the chance to make friends with anybody. It can be tempting to try to fit in with cool kids. You should, however, spend most of your effort making friends with people that you’re comfortable around. It goes back to the idea of being yourself. Who are the people that enjoy your company because of who you are? Who are the people who treat you with respect?\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Set goals for yourself.\", \"描述\": \"By setting goals for yourself every day or every week, you can see how you are adjusting to your new school in very real ways. For example, you can say, “I’ll attend one club meeting this week,” so that when you attend the meeting, you’ll know you’re trying hard to adjust.\\nAnother goal is to try saying hello to 3 new people every day.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Keep in touch with your old friends.\", \"描述\": \"Just because you’ve moved to a new school, that doesn’t mean you can’t have your old friends in your life. Talk to your old friends on the phone or send them emails.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Start a conversation with your seatmate is the best way to make a friend.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Sharing your experiences during your vacation is the a good start to make your new friend feel comfortable.\", \"描述\": \"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be patient and positive. It can take some time to adjust to a new school. If it’s still difficult after 6 weeks, talk with your parents or make an appointment with the school counselor.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Siblings can be helpful when you are adjusting to a new school. Talk with your siblings about how they are adjusting and problems that they may be having. Even waving at your sibling when you see them during school can help you remember that you are not alone.\\n\", \"If you have been homeschooled and you are entering a new school for the first time, check out the wikiHow article, “How to Go from Home School to High School.”\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,465
How to Adjust when Things Don't Go to Plan
1. Being Flexible 1-1. Keep your cool. Take a moment to breathe and calm yourself. We all experience roadblocks in life, and things don't always go according to plan. Avoid being hard on yourself or others. Getting upset will like not make the situation any easier. Take a step back for a moment. Consider getting some distance from the situation for 30 minutes, 1 hour, or a day. Take a walk. Get a drink of water. Distract yourself with something positive. Try using some self-soothing activities to help you calm down, such as listening to your favorite album, reading a book, or engaging with a favorite hobby, such as knitting, playing guitar, or baking. Come back to the situation when you're able to be patient and calm. 1-2. Acknowledge that you are disappointed. Once you have calmed down, you can begin to address the disappointment. The first thing you will need to do is to acknowledge that you are feeling disappointed. Try saying something like, “I am disappointed that this did not go my way.” You can also try writing about the disappointment. What did not go your way? Why is it upsetting you? How can you move forward from this disappointment? Acknowledging your feelings allows you to process them and move on. Avoiding or suppressing your feelings might feel good in the short term, but it will only make you feel worse later on. 1-3. Assess what went wrong. Think about the situation from an objective standpoint. Avoid blaming yourself or others. Try to clearly see what happened. Your judgment may be clouded by negative emotions or stress. Instead listen to others that have a more objective view. Take a neutral approach. Your assessment should be based on the pros and cons of the situation. Evaluate both the good and the bad. Consider writing down the pros and cons of the event. 1-4. Accept what you can and cannot control. Some things are simply out of our control. For example, if you made plans to travel for the weekend, and a storm hits, things may not go as planned. There are forces outside of yourself that influence and shape outcomes. Avoid dwelling on things that you can't change, and focus on what you can. Think about how you can be a solution to a problem. 1-5. Learn to adapt. Adaptation is key when things go awry. It is part of our evolution as people to learn to adapt to our environments. The more flexible you are in your plans the more likely your expectations of what you wanted will be met. Life is not a straight and easy path. It is filled with twists and turns. Each day we are learning how to adapt to our daily lives and challenges. For example, imagine how you get to school or work. While there may be one specific way you do this, imagine the other possibilities available. Some routes may be easier and shorter, others may be longer or harder. But they still arrive at the same destination. 2. Assessing Your Options 2-1. Explore what your expectations were. Sometimes we get frustrated when things don't go according to plan because they don't meet our expectations. Think about the expectations you had for the situation. Think about if your expectations may have been too strict or rigid. One plan or goal is not a measure of your worth. Just because things didn't work out this time, that doesn't mean they will never work out in the future. For example, you and your friends wanted to go to a special restaurant, and you find out it's closed. You may be disappointed or upset because you were expecting a nice meal there. Instead of thinking that the only good meal is at this one restaurant, evaluate the other places available. 2-2. Restate your goal. Since your original plan hasn't come through, return to your original mission or goal for the situation. You likely had a brainstorming phases about your goals and expectations. Go back to that moment. Talk about your goal again with those involved. Consider writing down your original goal. Putting the situation in writing, particularly for bigger plans, can help to solidify what your goal is. Use this goal as a framework to restate and reimagine your alternative plans. 2-3. Think about the options available. So your original plan hasn't worked out? Now is the time to think about the other options available. What is your Plan B or Plan C? If you don't have an alternative plan in place, then evaluate other options to consider. Gather information about other options available. Consider writing down the other options available, and making a list of pros and cons. Reassess the strategies and possible outcomes to your plans. Talk with others involved in the process--friends, family, co-workers. See if they may have additional ideas. While these alternatives may not be your original plan, one or more of them may turn out as good as the original. 2-4. Make a decision about next steps. Take action. Be clear about next steps you're taking. Avoid feeling defeated, as if the original plan was the best or only one available. Approach this next phase feeling positive and hopeful rather than negative. Be confident in your decision once you've evaluated the different options available. 3. Coping with Change 3-1. Build resilience Having resilience means that you can keep working toward your goals even if things do not go your way. Building this skill takes time and practice, but it can help you to overcome disappointment more easily. To build resilience, you can: Put things into perspective. When something does not go your way, consider if it is something that is worth spending time and energy on. For example, if you had hoped to get a job that you interviewed for and did not get it, then your time and energy might be better spent applying for different jobs. Take a moment to put your situation into perspective to help you build up your resilience. Maintain good relationships. If you have good relationships, then you will probably feel more secure when something does not go your way. Try to maintain healthy relationships with your friends and family to feel more secure during difficult times. Challenge unhelpful thoughts. Resilient people can alter their thinking to help themselves stay motivated and to continue working towards their goals. You can do this too by challenging thoughts that are untrue or unhelpful. For example, if you find yourself thinking, “I will always fail,” then you can challenge this untrue and unhelpful thought. Try telling yourself something like, “Things might not always go my way, but if I keep working towards my goals then I will achieve them.” 3-2. Use the past for guidance rather than regret. The past is just that, the past. While you can't take back what has happened, you can use this experience as a helpful tool. Think about how the best and the worst of the situation for you or others you care about. What can you or others learn from this? For example, let's say you're working an important project with a small team. Maybe the project is bigger than expected, and more time consuming than you thought? So the team ends up rushing to complete the project and it seems to you like the project is failing. This could be an opportunity to understand when to ask for additional help. Maybe you and the team could take a different approach to the project? Maybe the project isn't as bad as it seems because you had too high expectations? While this is all in hindsight, it's important to see what happens next as a way to grow. 3-3. Avoid giving up. When something doesn't go the way you'd like, you may feel like you've failed. Avoid seeing yourself with hate, and instead focus on what you are thankful for. Resilience is key to keeping yourself motivated. Giving up means giving into your own self-doubts. Reframe your negative thoughts by thinking about the good things that have happened. Even if they are small things. For example, if you were hoping to get an A on an exam and instead got a C, think about how you can look at the bigger picture. Maybe this is your only C on an exam this semester? Maybe this isn't the only test for the class so you can study harder on the other exams? Maybe the other students all got Cs on the exam too? 3-4. Learn from mistakes. Life is trial and error. Some mistakes are our own, and some are those of others or simply forces beyond our control. Own up to your mistakes, but avoid dwelling in them. When you are honest with yourself, then you can learn to grow and become better. Mistakes are learning opportunities. They can push you to the invisible boundaries of what's possible and what's not. When you try new things, it's possible you'll make mistakes. This is part of life. It can make you stronger and more prepared for the next time. Consider saying to yourself, "I know that I messed up, but it's not the end of the world" or "I can learn from this. I can be better. I can be ready for the next time." 3-5. Ask for help. There's no shame in asking for input. Talk with people that you trust about what they think about the situation. Get advice from a variety of people. Seeking advice can help you feel less alone with your thoughts or concerns. People on the outside might have a better vantage point about what's going on.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:24", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Being Flexible\\n1-1. Keep your cool.\\nTake a moment to breathe and calm yourself. We all experience roadblocks in life, and things don't always go according to plan. Avoid being hard on yourself or others. Getting upset will like not make the situation any easier. Take a step back for a moment.\\nConsider getting some distance from the situation for 30 minutes, 1 hour, or a day. Take a walk. Get a drink of water. Distract yourself with something positive.\\nTry using some self-soothing activities to help you calm down, such as listening to your favorite album, reading a book, or engaging with a favorite hobby, such as knitting, playing guitar, or baking.\\nCome back to the situation when you're able to be patient and calm.\\n1-2. Acknowledge that you are disappointed.\\nOnce you have calmed down, you can begin to address the disappointment. The first thing you will need to do is to acknowledge that you are feeling disappointed.\\nTry saying something like, “I am disappointed that this did not go my way.”\\nYou can also try writing about the disappointment. What did not go your way? Why is it upsetting you? How can you move forward from this disappointment?\\nAcknowledging your feelings allows you to process them and move on. Avoiding or suppressing your feelings might feel good in the short term, but it will only make you feel worse later on.\\n1-3. Assess what went wrong.\\nThink about the situation from an objective standpoint. Avoid blaming yourself or others. Try to clearly see what happened.\\nYour judgment may be clouded by negative emotions or stress. Instead listen to others that have a more objective view. Take a neutral approach.\\nYour assessment should be based on the pros and cons of the situation. Evaluate both the good and the bad. Consider writing down the pros and cons of the event.\\n1-4. Accept what you can and cannot control.\\nSome things are simply out of our control. For example, if you made plans to travel for the weekend, and a storm hits, things may not go as planned. There are forces outside of yourself that influence and shape outcomes.\\nAvoid dwelling on things that you can't change, and focus on what you can.\\nThink about how you can be a solution to a problem.\\n1-5. Learn to adapt.\\nAdaptation is key when things go awry. It is part of our evolution as people to learn to adapt to our environments. The more flexible you are in your plans the more likely your expectations of what you wanted will be met.\\nLife is not a straight and easy path. It is filled with twists and turns. Each day we are learning how to adapt to our daily lives and challenges.\\nFor example, imagine how you get to school or work. While there may be one specific way you do this, imagine the other possibilities available. Some routes may be easier and shorter, others may be longer or harder. But they still arrive at the same destination.\\n2. Assessing Your Options\\n2-1. Explore what your expectations were.\\nSometimes we get frustrated when things don't go according to plan because they don't meet our expectations. Think about the expectations you had for the situation. Think about if your expectations may have been too strict or rigid.\\nOne plan or goal is not a measure of your worth. Just because things didn't work out this time, that doesn't mean they will never work out in the future.\\nFor example, you and your friends wanted to go to a special restaurant, and you find out it's closed. You may be disappointed or upset because you were expecting a nice meal there. Instead of thinking that the only good meal is at this one restaurant, evaluate the other places available.\\n2-2. Restate your goal.\\nSince your original plan hasn't come through, return to your original mission or goal for the situation. You likely had a brainstorming phases about your goals and expectations. Go back to that moment.\\nTalk about your goal again with those involved.\\nConsider writing down your original goal. Putting the situation in writing, particularly for bigger plans, can help to solidify what your goal is.\\nUse this goal as a framework to restate and reimagine your alternative plans.\\n2-3. Think about the options available.\\nSo your original plan hasn't worked out? Now is the time to think about the other options available. What is your Plan B or Plan C? If you don't have an alternative plan in place, then evaluate other options to consider.\\nGather information about other options available. Consider writing down the other options available, and making a list of pros and cons.\\nReassess the strategies and possible outcomes to your plans. Talk with others involved in the process--friends, family, co-workers. See if they may have additional ideas.\\nWhile these alternatives may not be your original plan, one or more of them may turn out as good as the original.\\n2-4. Make a decision about next steps.\\nTake action. Be clear about next steps you're taking. Avoid feeling defeated, as if the original plan was the best or only one available. Approach this next phase feeling positive and hopeful rather than negative.\\nBe confident in your decision once you've evaluated the different options available.\\n3. Coping with Change\\n3-1. Build resilience\\nHaving resilience means that you can keep working toward your goals even if things do not go your way. Building this skill takes time and practice, but it can help you to overcome disappointment more easily. To build resilience, you can:\\n\\nPut things into perspective. When something does not go your way, consider if it is something that is worth spending time and energy on. For example, if you had hoped to get a job that you interviewed for and did not get it, then your time and energy might be better spent applying for different jobs. Take a moment to put your situation into perspective to help you build up your resilience.\\nMaintain good relationships. If you have good relationships, then you will probably feel more secure when something does not go your way. Try to maintain healthy relationships with your friends and family to feel more secure during difficult times.\\nChallenge unhelpful thoughts. Resilient people can alter their thinking to help themselves stay motivated and to continue working towards their goals. You can do this too by challenging thoughts that are untrue or unhelpful. For example, if you find yourself thinking, “I will always fail,” then you can challenge this untrue and unhelpful thought. Try telling yourself something like, “Things might not always go my way, but if I keep working towards my goals then I will achieve them.”\\n3-2. Use the past for guidance rather than regret.\\nThe past is just that, the past. While you can't take back what has happened, you can use this experience as a helpful tool. Think about how the best and the worst of the situation for you or others you care about. What can you or others learn from this?\\nFor example, let's say you're working an important project with a small team. Maybe the project is bigger than expected, and more time consuming than you thought? So the team ends up rushing to complete the project and it seems to you like the project is failing.\\nThis could be an opportunity to understand when to ask for additional help. Maybe you and the team could take a different approach to the project? Maybe the project isn't as bad as it seems because you had too high expectations?\\nWhile this is all in hindsight, it's important to see what happens next as a way to grow.\\n3-3. Avoid giving up.\\nWhen something doesn't go the way you'd like, you may feel like you've failed. Avoid seeing yourself with hate, and instead focus on what you are thankful for. Resilience is key to keeping yourself motivated.\\nGiving up means giving into your own self-doubts.\\nReframe your negative thoughts by thinking about the good things that have happened. Even if they are small things.\\nFor example, if you were hoping to get an A on an exam and instead got a C, think about how you can look at the bigger picture. Maybe this is your only C on an exam this semester? Maybe this isn't the only test for the class so you can study harder on the other exams? Maybe the other students all got Cs on the exam too?\\n3-4. Learn from mistakes.\\nLife is trial and error. Some mistakes are our own, and some are those of others or simply forces beyond our control. Own up to your mistakes, but avoid dwelling in them. When you are honest with yourself, then you can learn to grow and become better.\\nMistakes are learning opportunities. They can push you to the invisible boundaries of what's possible and what's not.\\nWhen you try new things, it's possible you'll make mistakes. This is part of life. It can make you stronger and more prepared for the next time.\\nConsider saying to yourself, \\\"I know that I messed up, but it's not the end of the world\\\" or \\\"I can learn from this. I can be better. I can be ready for the next time.\\\"\\n3-5. Ask for help.\\nThere's no shame in asking for input. Talk with people that you trust about what they think about the situation. Get advice from a variety of people.\\nSeeking advice can help you feel less alone with your thoughts or concerns.\\nPeople on the outside might have a better vantage point about what's going on.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"So things didn't go as planned, and what do you do now? Be patient. Know that the situation can get better and there are alternatives. By learning to adapt, you can feel more in control. Take the next steps to find out options available outside of your original plans. Avoid dwelling on what went wrong and focus on how you can change things for the better.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Being Flexible\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep your cool.\", \"描述\": \"Take a moment to breathe and calm yourself. We all experience roadblocks in life, and things don't always go according to plan. Avoid being hard on yourself or others. Getting upset will like not make the situation any easier. Take a step back for a moment.\\nConsider getting some distance from the situation for 30 minutes, 1 hour, or a day. Take a walk. Get a drink of water. Distract yourself with something positive.\\nTry using some self-soothing activities to help you calm down, such as listening to your favorite album, reading a book, or engaging with a favorite hobby, such as knitting, playing guitar, or baking.\\nCome back to the situation when you're able to be patient and calm.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Acknowledge that you are disappointed.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have calmed down, you can begin to address the disappointment. The first thing you will need to do is to acknowledge that you are feeling disappointed.\\nTry saying something like, “I am disappointed that this did not go my way.”\\nYou can also try writing about the disappointment. What did not go your way? Why is it upsetting you? How can you move forward from this disappointment?\\nAcknowledging your feelings allows you to process them and move on. Avoiding or suppressing your feelings might feel good in the short term, but it will only make you feel worse later on.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Assess what went wrong.\", \"描述\": \"Think about the situation from an objective standpoint. Avoid blaming yourself or others. Try to clearly see what happened.\\nYour judgment may be clouded by negative emotions or stress. Instead listen to others that have a more objective view. Take a neutral approach.\\nYour assessment should be based on the pros and cons of the situation. Evaluate both the good and the bad. Consider writing down the pros and cons of the event.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Accept what you can and cannot control.\", \"描述\": \"Some things are simply out of our control. For example, if you made plans to travel for the weekend, and a storm hits, things may not go as planned. There are forces outside of yourself that influence and shape outcomes.\\nAvoid dwelling on things that you can't change, and focus on what you can.\\nThink about how you can be a solution to a problem.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Learn to adapt.\", \"描述\": \"Adaptation is key when things go awry. It is part of our evolution as people to learn to adapt to our environments. The more flexible you are in your plans the more likely your expectations of what you wanted will be met.\\nLife is not a straight and easy path. It is filled with twists and turns. Each day we are learning how to adapt to our daily lives and challenges.\\nFor example, imagine how you get to school or work. While there may be one specific way you do this, imagine the other possibilities available. Some routes may be easier and shorter, others may be longer or harder. But they still arrive at the same destination.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Assessing Your Options\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Explore what your expectations were.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes we get frustrated when things don't go according to plan because they don't meet our expectations. Think about the expectations you had for the situation. Think about if your expectations may have been too strict or rigid.\\nOne plan or goal is not a measure of your worth. Just because things didn't work out this time, that doesn't mean they will never work out in the future.\\nFor example, you and your friends wanted to go to a special restaurant, and you find out it's closed. You may be disappointed or upset because you were expecting a nice meal there. Instead of thinking that the only good meal is at this one restaurant, evaluate the other places available.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Restate your goal.\", \"描述\": \"Since your original plan hasn't come through, return to your original mission or goal for the situation. You likely had a brainstorming phases about your goals and expectations. Go back to that moment.\\nTalk about your goal again with those involved.\\nConsider writing down your original goal. Putting the situation in writing, particularly for bigger plans, can help to solidify what your goal is.\\nUse this goal as a framework to restate and reimagine your alternative plans.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Think about the options available.\", \"描述\": \"So your original plan hasn't worked out? Now is the time to think about the other options available. What is your Plan B or Plan C? If you don't have an alternative plan in place, then evaluate other options to consider.\\nGather information about other options available. Consider writing down the other options available, and making a list of pros and cons.\\nReassess the strategies and possible outcomes to your plans. Talk with others involved in the process--friends, family, co-workers. See if they may have additional ideas.\\nWhile these alternatives may not be your original plan, one or more of them may turn out as good as the original.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make a decision about next steps.\", \"描述\": \"Take action. Be clear about next steps you're taking. Avoid feeling defeated, as if the original plan was the best or only one available. Approach this next phase feeling positive and hopeful rather than negative.\\nBe confident in your decision once you've evaluated the different options available.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Coping with Change\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Build resilience\", \"描述\": \"Having resilience means that you can keep working toward your goals even if things do not go your way. Building this skill takes time and practice, but it can help you to overcome disappointment more easily. To build resilience, you can:\\n\\nPut things into perspective. When something does not go your way, consider if it is something that is worth spending time and energy on. For example, if you had hoped to get a job that you interviewed for and did not get it, then your time and energy might be better spent applying for different jobs. Take a moment to put your situation into perspective to help you build up your resilience.\\nMaintain good relationships. If you have good relationships, then you will probably feel more secure when something does not go your way. Try to maintain healthy relationships with your friends and family to feel more secure during difficult times.\\nChallenge unhelpful thoughts. Resilient people can alter their thinking to help themselves stay motivated and to continue working towards their goals. You can do this too by challenging thoughts that are untrue or unhelpful. For example, if you find yourself thinking, “I will always fail,” then you can challenge this untrue and unhelpful thought. Try telling yourself something like, “Things might not always go my way, but if I keep working towards my goals then I will achieve them.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use the past for guidance rather than regret.\", \"描述\": \"The past is just that, the past. While you can't take back what has happened, you can use this experience as a helpful tool. Think about how the best and the worst of the situation for you or others you care about. What can you or others learn from this?\\nFor example, let's say you're working an important project with a small team. Maybe the project is bigger than expected, and more time consuming than you thought? So the team ends up rushing to complete the project and it seems to you like the project is failing.\\nThis could be an opportunity to understand when to ask for additional help. Maybe you and the team could take a different approach to the project? Maybe the project isn't as bad as it seems because you had too high expectations?\\nWhile this is all in hindsight, it's important to see what happens next as a way to grow.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid giving up.\", \"描述\": \"When something doesn't go the way you'd like, you may feel like you've failed. Avoid seeing yourself with hate, and instead focus on what you are thankful for. Resilience is key to keeping yourself motivated.\\nGiving up means giving into your own self-doubts.\\nReframe your negative thoughts by thinking about the good things that have happened. Even if they are small things.\\nFor example, if you were hoping to get an A on an exam and instead got a C, think about how you can look at the bigger picture. Maybe this is your only C on an exam this semester? Maybe this isn't the only test for the class so you can study harder on the other exams? Maybe the other students all got Cs on the exam too?\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn from mistakes.\", \"描述\": \"Life is trial and error. Some mistakes are our own, and some are those of others or simply forces beyond our control. Own up to your mistakes, but avoid dwelling in them. When you are honest with yourself, then you can learn to grow and become better.\\nMistakes are learning opportunities. They can push you to the invisible boundaries of what's possible and what's not.\\nWhen you try new things, it's possible you'll make mistakes. This is part of life. It can make you stronger and more prepared for the next time.\\nConsider saying to yourself, \\\"I know that I messed up, but it's not the end of the world\\\" or \\\"I can learn from this. I can be better. I can be ready for the next time.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ask for help.\", \"描述\": \"There's no shame in asking for input. Talk with people that you trust about what they think about the situation. Get advice from a variety of people.\\nSeeking advice can help you feel less alone with your thoughts or concerns.\\nPeople on the outside might have a better vantage point about what's going on.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,466
How to Adjust when an Adult Parent Remarries
1. Minimizing Negativity 1-1. Challenge your misconceptions about your new step-parent. If you find yourself immediately against the idea of Mom or Dad getting remarried, check your motives. Try to identify what's behind your dislike of your future step-parent. This could help you reduce the negativity surrounding the union and prevent a potential rift between you and your parent. For instance, if the step-parent is significantly younger than your parent, are you playing into societal stereotypes about age-gap relationships? Perhaps you are worried that this person is only marrying your parent for their money If this is the case, acknowledge this by having a candid conversation with your parent and seeing them with their future spouse. You can say, “Dad, I'm a little concerned about you marrying such a young woman.” See what he says. Getting your worries off your chest early can prevent any explosive issues down the road. You can also spend more time with the new couple. Seeing your parent with their new love can help abate any concerns you have about your new step-parent, and help you see how happy this person is making your parent. 1-2. Show respect for the relationship, even if you don't agree with it. Even if you come to realize that you are not so fond of your parent's new love, recognize that you parent doesn't have to have your permission to remarry. However, they probably would love to have your support. At the very least, show respect for the relationship by being polite with the new spouse and avoiding gossip or bad-mouthing with others. As hard as it may be, show respect. Call the new spouse by their preferred name and be cordial as you would with anyone of their age group, such as saying “Yes, ma'am” or “No, sir.” Showing this level of deference will actually put you on Mom or Dad's good side since they will be pleased you are trying to be welcoming to their new love. 1-3. Refrain from comparing. When you see a new man or woman on your parent's arm, it's typical to hearken back to the days when that person was your other parent. Tread carefully, however. Remember that you're opening yourself up for disappointment if you continuously compare the new spouse to your own parent. If you catch yourself doing this, stop right away. Try to remind yourself that your parent's new spouse is companion for your parent. Consider how you might like your family to treat someone new that you brought home and try to treat your parent's new spouse the same way. You can also minimize comparisons by trying to find some positives in this new person. Notice how they make your Mom's eyes light up whenever she's paid a compliment. Pay attention to how your Dad's new wife enjoys baking. Think of all the ways this person is helping your parent, rather than dwelling on how they are alike or different than your other parent. 1-4. Direct attention to your own life. Chances are, if your parent has been single for a while, you may have been devoting a great deal of your attention to caring for them or keeping them company. Now that your single parent has found love, you can focus more attention on yourself again. Rather than taking the negative approach and thinking that this new person is encroaching on your time with your parent, see it as an opportunity to re-focus on yourself. Now that your mother or father has a new spouse you can dedicate more time to reaching your own goals. Consider taking a new class, reviving your social calendar, or traveling more. Think of ways you can use your additional free time to bring positive changes into your life. Remind yourself that the new situation is positive for your parent even if the new spouse has affected your life in some way, such as reducing your parent's free time and limiting their ability to watch your children for you when you are at work. 2. Striving for Acceptance 2-1. Get closure about your parents' relationship. Adult stepchildren may be resistant to a parent remarrying because you have identified with the previous family unit for so long. You may feel that a accepting a new marriage is disloyal to your deceased or divorced mother or father. Building a relationship with a new stepparent may feel like a betrayal to the memory of your original family unit. Keep in mind that these feelings are normal. Allow yourself plenty of time to adjust to the new situation. This can also happen if you have not fully dealt with your grief surrounding the previous death or divorce. You can find closure surrounding your previous family unit by performing a ritual of sorts. Try writing a letter to both parents sharing your feelings about the new marriage. Write out your fears, worries, or dislike. Then, rip up the letter or throw it into a fire symbolizing you releasing these feeling and welcoming the new change. Don't allow the letter to circulate because this may cause problems. It may also be helpful to see a professional therapist regarding unresolved grief. A therapist can offer additional exercises to help you find closure and develop the necessary acceptance you need to support your parent's new marriage. Remember that this situation may be even more difficult for you if you were close with your parent or if the divorce/death was recent. 2-2. Express your joy that your parent found love. It can be hard to accept the marriage if you don't like your parent's new love interest, or you feel disloyal to your other parent. However, there is one thing that should be relatively easy to do regarding the new union: be happy because your parent found someone. Temporarily set aside your own feelings about the relationship to perform an honest assessment. Does your father or mother appear to be happy with their new mate? Do you notice them smiling or laughing more often? Are they trying new things or getting out of the house more now that they have found love? Despite your reservations, you can demonstrate happiness that your parent has found companionship. Say this, even if it is difficult for you. For instance, you might say, “Mom, I still feel resistant to the idea of your getting remarried, but I can see how happy you are with Paul. I'm glad you're happy.” 2-3. Make an effort to build a relationship with your parent's new spouse. One of the main reasons you could be struggling to accept the new marriage is because the new love interest is mysterious to you. If you remove the mystery, you may find that you actually like your parent's new spouse. Trying to get to know this person may help you gain acceptance and figure out the role this person will play in your life. Plus, it will demonstrate to your parent that you are trying to welcome their love into the family. Offer to go to lunch alone with your parent's new partner to better get to know them. You might even break the ice by being candid with them about your reservations. Say something like, “Molly, I'll be honest with you…I'm very protective of Dad. I want to make sure you have his best interests in mind.” 3. Becoming a Family 3-1. Host a gathering so everyone can make acquaintance. Help make the new spouse feel welcome and get some points from your parent by planning a family gathering of sorts. Invite all your siblings and step-siblings to attend so that everyone gets an opportunity to meet and break the ice. Remember, just because you are making an effort welcome the new spouse into the family does not mean you are betraying your other parent. Try to reinforce being respectful and polite to your other siblings or children who may be resistant to the new spouse. You might say, “Dad clearly loves her, guys. Let's try to give her a chance for him. Okay?” It can especially help if the other divorced parent gives his/her “blessing” about the new marriage. This can help all the rest of the family show more support and respect for the new spouse. Try to be patient with other family members who take longer to warm up to the new person. They might just need more time. 3-2. Maintain one-on-one time with your parent. A common fear for adult step-children is that they will lose Mom or Dad's attention to the new partner. Thinking that you won't get to see your parent as much can cause you to feel resentment towards the spouse. Overcome this barrier to blended adult step-families by scheduling regular alone time with your parent. Make it a weekly or monthly event to take your parent out to lunch on Sundays or attend a matinee showing at the Cinema the first Friday of every month. That way, you can assure that you spend one-on-one time with your parent just like before the new marriage. Be sensitive about your parent's schedule and need to spend time with their new spouse. 3-3. Be open and honest with your parent about sensitive topics. Adult step-children are frequently concerned with how a new marriage affects the financial affairs of their parent or changes their inheritance. This is yet another reason why you may be hesitant to welcome a new spouse into the family. Instead of harboring resentment for the new spouse, have a direct conversation with your parent about any sensitive concerns you have. You might say, “Mom, I hate to be so forward, but how will your new marriage affect our inheritance?” or “Dad, I understand that spouses are usually in charge of these things, but is it okay if I remain in control of your health care and estate for a while? I just don't want to overwhelm your new wife with all this responsibility.”
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:24", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Minimizing Negativity\\n1-1. Challenge your misconceptions about your new step-parent.\\nIf you find yourself immediately against the idea of Mom or Dad getting remarried, check your motives. Try to identify what's behind your dislike of your future step-parent. This could help you reduce the negativity surrounding the union and prevent a potential rift between you and your parent.\\nFor instance, if the step-parent is significantly younger than your parent, are you playing into societal stereotypes about age-gap relationships? Perhaps you are worried that this person is only marrying your parent for their money\\nIf this is the case, acknowledge this by having a candid conversation with your parent and seeing them with their future spouse. You can say, “Dad, I'm a little concerned about you marrying such a young woman.” See what he says. Getting your worries off your chest early can prevent any explosive issues down the road.\\nYou can also spend more time with the new couple. Seeing your parent with their new love can help abate any concerns you have about your new step-parent, and help you see how happy this person is making your parent.\\n1-2. Show respect for the relationship, even if you don't agree with it.\\nEven if you come to realize that you are not so fond of your parent's new love, recognize that you parent doesn't have to have your permission to remarry. However, they probably would love to have your support. At the very least, show respect for the relationship by being polite with the new spouse and avoiding gossip or bad-mouthing with others.\\nAs hard as it may be, show respect. Call the new spouse by their preferred name and be cordial as you would with anyone of their age group, such as saying “Yes, ma'am” or “No, sir.” Showing this level of deference will actually put you on Mom or Dad's good side since they will be pleased you are trying to be welcoming to their new love.\\n1-3. Refrain from comparing.\\nWhen you see a new man or woman on your parent's arm, it's typical to hearken back to the days when that person was your other parent. Tread carefully, however. Remember that you're opening yourself up for disappointment if you continuously compare the new spouse to your own parent. If you catch yourself doing this, stop right away.\\nTry to remind yourself that your parent's new spouse is companion for your parent. Consider how you might like your family to treat someone new that you brought home and try to treat your parent's new spouse the same way.\\nYou can also minimize comparisons by trying to find some positives in this new person. Notice how they make your Mom's eyes light up whenever she's paid a compliment. Pay attention to how your Dad's new wife enjoys baking. Think of all the ways this person is helping your parent, rather than dwelling on how they are alike or different than your other parent.\\n1-4. Direct attention to your own life.\\nChances are, if your parent has been single for a while, you may have been devoting a great deal of your attention to caring for them or keeping them company. Now that your single parent has found love, you can focus more attention on yourself again. \\nRather than taking the negative approach and thinking that this new person is encroaching on your time with your parent, see it as an opportunity to re-focus on yourself. Now that your mother or father has a new spouse you can dedicate more time to reaching your own goals.\\nConsider taking a new class, reviving your social calendar, or traveling more. Think of ways you can use your additional free time to bring positive changes into your life.\\nRemind yourself that the new situation is positive for your parent even if the new spouse has affected your life in some way, such as reducing your parent's free time and limiting their ability to watch your children for you when you are at work.\\n2. Striving for Acceptance\\n2-1. Get closure about your parents' relationship.\\nAdult stepchildren may be resistant to a parent remarrying because you have identified with the previous family unit for so long. You may feel that a accepting a new marriage is disloyal to your deceased or divorced mother or father. Building a relationship with a new stepparent may feel like a betrayal to the memory of your original family unit.\\nKeep in mind that these feelings are normal. Allow yourself plenty of time to adjust to the new situation.\\nThis can also happen if you have not fully dealt with your grief surrounding the previous death or divorce. You can find closure surrounding your previous family unit by performing a ritual of sorts. Try writing a letter to both parents sharing your feelings about the new marriage. Write out your fears, worries, or dislike. Then, rip up the letter or throw it into a fire symbolizing you releasing these feeling and welcoming the new change. Don't allow the letter to circulate because this may cause problems.\\nIt may also be helpful to see a professional therapist regarding unresolved grief. A therapist can offer additional exercises to help you find closure and develop the necessary acceptance you need to support your parent's new marriage.\\nRemember that this situation may be even more difficult for you if you were close with your parent or if the divorce/death was recent.\\n2-2. Express your joy that your parent found love.\\nIt can be hard to accept the marriage if you don't like your parent's new love interest, or you feel disloyal to your other parent. However, there is one thing that should be relatively easy to do regarding the new union: be happy because your parent found someone.\\nTemporarily set aside your own feelings about the relationship to perform an honest assessment. Does your father or mother appear to be happy with their new mate? Do you notice them smiling or laughing more often? Are they trying new things or getting out of the house more now that they have found love?\\nDespite your reservations, you can demonstrate happiness that your parent has found companionship. Say this, even if it is difficult for you. For instance, you might say, “Mom, I still feel resistant to the idea of your getting remarried, but I can see how happy you are with Paul. I'm glad you're happy.”\\n2-3. Make an effort to build a relationship with your parent's new spouse.\\nOne of the main reasons you could be struggling to accept the new marriage is because the new love interest is mysterious to you. If you remove the mystery, you may find that you actually like your parent's new spouse. Trying to get to know this person may help you gain acceptance and figure out the role this person will play in your life. Plus, it will demonstrate to your parent that you are trying to welcome their love into the family.\\nOffer to go to lunch alone with your parent's new partner to better get to know them. You might even break the ice by being candid with them about your reservations. Say something like, “Molly, I'll be honest with you…I'm very protective of Dad. I want to make sure you have his best interests in mind.”\\n3. Becoming a Family\\n3-1. Host a gathering so everyone can make acquaintance.\\nHelp make the new spouse feel welcome and get some points from your parent by planning a family gathering of sorts. Invite all your siblings and step-siblings to attend so that everyone gets an opportunity to meet and break the ice. Remember, just because you are making an effort welcome the new spouse into the family does not mean you are betraying your other parent.\\nTry to reinforce being respectful and polite to your other siblings or children who may be resistant to the new spouse. You might say, “Dad clearly loves her, guys. Let's try to give her a chance for him. Okay?”\\nIt can especially help if the other divorced parent gives his/her “blessing” about the new marriage. This can help all the rest of the family show more support and respect for the new spouse.\\nTry to be patient with other family members who take longer to warm up to the new person. They might just need more time.\\n3-2. Maintain one-on-one time with your parent.\\nA common fear for adult step-children is that they will lose Mom or Dad's attention to the new partner. Thinking that you won't get to see your parent as much can cause you to feel resentment towards the spouse. Overcome this barrier to blended adult step-families by scheduling regular alone time with your parent.\\nMake it a weekly or monthly event to take your parent out to lunch on Sundays or attend a matinee showing at the Cinema the first Friday of every month. That way, you can assure that you spend one-on-one time with your parent just like before the new marriage.\\nBe sensitive about your parent's schedule and need to spend time with their new spouse.\\n3-3. Be open and honest with your parent about sensitive topics.\\nAdult step-children are frequently concerned with how a new marriage affects the financial affairs of their parent or changes their inheritance. This is yet another reason why you may be hesitant to welcome a new spouse into the family.\\nInstead of harboring resentment for the new spouse, have a direct conversation with your parent about any sensitive concerns you have. You might say, “Mom, I hate to be so forward, but how will your new marriage affect our inheritance?” or “Dad, I understand that spouses are usually in charge of these things, but is it okay if I remain in control of your health care and estate for a while? I just don't want to overwhelm your new wife with all this responsibility.”\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If one of your parents is getting remarried, it's normal to have mixed emotions about it. For tips on how to cope with this change and accept your parent's new marriage, read on.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Minimizing Negativity\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Challenge your misconceptions about your new step-parent.\", \"描述\": \"If you find yourself immediately against the idea of Mom or Dad getting remarried, check your motives. Try to identify what's behind your dislike of your future step-parent. This could help you reduce the negativity surrounding the union and prevent a potential rift between you and your parent.\\nFor instance, if the step-parent is significantly younger than your parent, are you playing into societal stereotypes about age-gap relationships? Perhaps you are worried that this person is only marrying your parent for their money\\nIf this is the case, acknowledge this by having a candid conversation with your parent and seeing them with their future spouse. You can say, “Dad, I'm a little concerned about you marrying such a young woman.” See what he says. Getting your worries off your chest early can prevent any explosive issues down the road.\\nYou can also spend more time with the new couple. Seeing your parent with their new love can help abate any concerns you have about your new step-parent, and help you see how happy this person is making your parent.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Show respect for the relationship, even if you don't agree with it.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you come to realize that you are not so fond of your parent's new love, recognize that you parent doesn't have to have your permission to remarry. However, they probably would love to have your support. At the very least, show respect for the relationship by being polite with the new spouse and avoiding gossip or bad-mouthing with others.\\nAs hard as it may be, show respect. Call the new spouse by their preferred name and be cordial as you would with anyone of their age group, such as saying “Yes, ma'am” or “No, sir.” Showing this level of deference will actually put you on Mom or Dad's good side since they will be pleased you are trying to be welcoming to their new love.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Refrain from comparing.\", \"描述\": \"When you see a new man or woman on your parent's arm, it's typical to hearken back to the days when that person was your other parent. Tread carefully, however. Remember that you're opening yourself up for disappointment if you continuously compare the new spouse to your own parent. If you catch yourself doing this, stop right away.\\nTry to remind yourself that your parent's new spouse is companion for your parent. Consider how you might like your family to treat someone new that you brought home and try to treat your parent's new spouse the same way.\\nYou can also minimize comparisons by trying to find some positives in this new person. Notice how they make your Mom's eyes light up whenever she's paid a compliment. Pay attention to how your Dad's new wife enjoys baking. Think of all the ways this person is helping your parent, rather than dwelling on how they are alike or different than your other parent.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Direct attention to your own life.\", \"描述\": \"Chances are, if your parent has been single for a while, you may have been devoting a great deal of your attention to caring for them or keeping them company. Now that your single parent has found love, you can focus more attention on yourself again. \\nRather than taking the negative approach and thinking that this new person is encroaching on your time with your parent, see it as an opportunity to re-focus on yourself. Now that your mother or father has a new spouse you can dedicate more time to reaching your own goals.\\nConsider taking a new class, reviving your social calendar, or traveling more. Think of ways you can use your additional free time to bring positive changes into your life.\\nRemind yourself that the new situation is positive for your parent even if the new spouse has affected your life in some way, such as reducing your parent's free time and limiting their ability to watch your children for you when you are at work.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Striving for Acceptance\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get closure about your parents' relationship.\", \"描述\": \"Adult stepchildren may be resistant to a parent remarrying because you have identified with the previous family unit for so long. You may feel that a accepting a new marriage is disloyal to your deceased or divorced mother or father. Building a relationship with a new stepparent may feel like a betrayal to the memory of your original family unit.\\nKeep in mind that these feelings are normal. Allow yourself plenty of time to adjust to the new situation.\\nThis can also happen if you have not fully dealt with your grief surrounding the previous death or divorce. You can find closure surrounding your previous family unit by performing a ritual of sorts. Try writing a letter to both parents sharing your feelings about the new marriage. Write out your fears, worries, or dislike. Then, rip up the letter or throw it into a fire symbolizing you releasing these feeling and welcoming the new change. Don't allow the letter to circulate because this may cause problems.\\nIt may also be helpful to see a professional therapist regarding unresolved grief. A therapist can offer additional exercises to help you find closure and develop the necessary acceptance you need to support your parent's new marriage.\\nRemember that this situation may be even more difficult for you if you were close with your parent or if the divorce/death was recent.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Express your joy that your parent found love.\", \"描述\": \"It can be hard to accept the marriage if you don't like your parent's new love interest, or you feel disloyal to your other parent. However, there is one thing that should be relatively easy to do regarding the new union: be happy because your parent found someone.\\nTemporarily set aside your own feelings about the relationship to perform an honest assessment. Does your father or mother appear to be happy with their new mate? Do you notice them smiling or laughing more often? Are they trying new things or getting out of the house more now that they have found love?\\nDespite your reservations, you can demonstrate happiness that your parent has found companionship. Say this, even if it is difficult for you. For instance, you might say, “Mom, I still feel resistant to the idea of your getting remarried, but I can see how happy you are with Paul. I'm glad you're happy.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make an effort to build a relationship with your parent's new spouse.\", \"描述\": \"One of the main reasons you could be struggling to accept the new marriage is because the new love interest is mysterious to you. If you remove the mystery, you may find that you actually like your parent's new spouse. Trying to get to know this person may help you gain acceptance and figure out the role this person will play in your life. Plus, it will demonstrate to your parent that you are trying to welcome their love into the family.\\nOffer to go to lunch alone with your parent's new partner to better get to know them. You might even break the ice by being candid with them about your reservations. Say something like, “Molly, I'll be honest with you…I'm very protective of Dad. I want to make sure you have his best interests in mind.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Family\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Host a gathering so everyone can make acquaintance.\", \"描述\": \"Help make the new spouse feel welcome and get some points from your parent by planning a family gathering of sorts. Invite all your siblings and step-siblings to attend so that everyone gets an opportunity to meet and break the ice. Remember, just because you are making an effort welcome the new spouse into the family does not mean you are betraying your other parent.\\nTry to reinforce being respectful and polite to your other siblings or children who may be resistant to the new spouse. You might say, “Dad clearly loves her, guys. Let's try to give her a chance for him. Okay?”\\nIt can especially help if the other divorced parent gives his/her “blessing” about the new marriage. This can help all the rest of the family show more support and respect for the new spouse.\\nTry to be patient with other family members who take longer to warm up to the new person. They might just need more time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Maintain one-on-one time with your parent.\", \"描述\": \"A common fear for adult step-children is that they will lose Mom or Dad's attention to the new partner. Thinking that you won't get to see your parent as much can cause you to feel resentment towards the spouse. Overcome this barrier to blended adult step-families by scheduling regular alone time with your parent.\\nMake it a weekly or monthly event to take your parent out to lunch on Sundays or attend a matinee showing at the Cinema the first Friday of every month. That way, you can assure that you spend one-on-one time with your parent just like before the new marriage.\\nBe sensitive about your parent's schedule and need to spend time with their new spouse.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be open and honest with your parent about sensitive topics.\", \"描述\": \"Adult step-children are frequently concerned with how a new marriage affects the financial affairs of their parent or changes their inheritance. This is yet another reason why you may be hesitant to welcome a new spouse into the family.\\nInstead of harboring resentment for the new spouse, have a direct conversation with your parent about any sensitive concerns you have. You might say, “Mom, I hate to be so forward, but how will your new marriage affect our inheritance?” or “Dad, I understand that spouses are usually in charge of these things, but is it okay if I remain in control of your health care and estate for a while? I just don't want to overwhelm your new wife with all this responsibility.”\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,467
How to Administer Activated Charcoal
1. Administering Activated Charcoal to a Human in an Emergency Situation 1-1. Contact emergency services. Before you administer activated charcoal, you will want to contact emergency services or poison control. In some cases, administering activated charcoal can actually cause a person harm or complicate the medical emergency. Make sure you have the approval of a medical professional before you give anyone activated charcoal. In the United States, call 911 for emergency personnel, or call 1-800-222-1222 for Poison Control. Call 911 before calling Poison Control. Wait for instructions from emergency services or poison control. They may not advise you to use activated charcoal. Follow any instructions you receive exactly. If they tell you to use ipecac syrup or to bring the person into the ER, do not give the person activated charcoal. Instead, follow their advice. 1-2. Determine if you should give ipecac syrup instead of the charcoal. In some cases, poison control or emergency services might give or recommend ipecac syrup instead of activated charcoal. In this case, you must administer 10 to 30 mL of ipecac syrup to induce vomiting. Do not administer ipecac if the person has ingested a highly corrosive poison, such as gasoline. Ask poison control personnel for guidance. Do not use ipecac if the person has alcohol poisoning or has passed out, as the vomit can be breathed into the lungs. 1-3. Prepare a dose of activated charcoal. If there are not other options for treatment, emergency services may help you prepare an appropriate dose of activated charcoal. Measure out the correct amount of powdered charcoal, before mixing it with water and giving it to the patient. Take a look at some of these general guidelines to help give you an idea of what appropriate doses might look like: Adults will need between 25 to 100 grams of activated charcoal. Children between 1 and 12 years old will require between 25 to 50 grams of activated charcoal. Do not give it to children under 1. Your doctor or emergency services may recommend ipecac syrup instead. 1-4. Thoroughly shake liquid forms of activated charcoal. Liquid forms of activated charcoal are prone to settling. Always make sure you have fully shaken the container to deliver the full dose of activated charcoal. 1-5. Have the patient drink the entire dose. It's important that the ill person takes the entire dose of activated charcoal in the container. To facilitate this, you can refill the container with water after the first dose and have the person drink that as well. Continue in this way until all of the activated charcoal has been consumed. Make sure the person sitting upright and is able to drink the mixture. Do not give activated charcoal to someone who is passed out. You may need to help the person raise their head up if they are unable to sit upright. 1-6. Bring the person to the ER afterwards. It is important that the person is monitored to make sure that their condition does not get worse. In some cases, they may require IV fluids or other treatments. If emergency services do not come to you, you may need to take the person to the ER yourself. 2. Knowing When to Administer Activated Charcoal to a Person 2-1. Call emergency services for help. Although you may be able to purchase activated charcoal without a prescription, you will want to call trained medical professionals to learn exactly how to administer it. There are some cases where an individual may be harmed by taking activated charcoal. To ensure proper safety, you'll want to have a medical professional's instruction and approval before administering activated charcoal. In the United States, call 911 for emergency personnel, or call 1-800-222-1222 for Poison Control. Contact your doctor, poison control center or other emergency services before administering activated charcoal. You will need to learn if activated charcoal is appropriate for your medical emergency. Emergency services may be able to tell you how much activated charcoal you should administer. In some cases, they may not recommend it at all. Do not administer activated charcoal without the instruction of a medical professional. If you are going somewhere isolated without medical assistance, talk to your doctor beforehand about using activated charcoal. 2-2. Know when not to use activated charcoal. In many cases, activated charcoal can help someone who has been intoxicated. However, there are some substances that won't be affected by activated charcoal. You'll want to know when not to use activated charcoal to help keep the intoxicated person safe and get them the care they most need. Do not administer activated charcoal if the person has consumed any of the following substances: Corrosive agents such as toilet bowl cleaners, paint removers and drain cleaners. Powerful acids like car battery fluid, metal cleaners and rust removers. Iron Boric acid Lithium Gasoline or kerosene Alcohol 2-3. Know which form of activated charcoal to administer. Knowing which forms activated charcoal can be found in will help you know how best to administer them. Appropriate dosage levels can also be affected by the form your activated charcoal comes in. Take a look at some of these common forms that activated charcoal comes in to help you better administer it if the need should arise. Liquids will often be premixed and ready to administer. Many liquid forms of activated charcoal will be suspensions, requiring you to shake them thoroughly before giving them to someone. Tablets can be a quick and easy way to administer pre-measured doses activated charcoal. Powders will need to be carefully measured before mixing with water. 2-4. Know who can use activated charcoal and when. You won't be able to administer activated charcoal to everyone in the same manner. A person's medical history, age and reason for needing activated charcoal will all affect how you give them the activated charcoal. In many cases, you should only use activated charcoal if there are no other options. Discuss some of the following information with emergency services before administering activated charcoal: Tell emergency services about any allergies. Tell your doctor or emergency services about any medications you are taking. Make any preexisting medical conditions known before administering activated charcoal. Do not give activated charcoal to anyone who is unconscious or having trouble focusing. You should not administer activated charcoal to children without direct supervision from emergency services. 3. Following up After Administering Activated Charcoal to a Person 3-1. Do not take any other medications or food after a dose of activated charcoal. Taking a medication after receiving a dose of activated charcoal can result in that medication being blocked from absorption into the blood stream. Certain foods may stop the activated charcoal from working properly. Always make sure that you administer activated charcoal by itself to avoid complications. Avoid eating for 8 hours to help the charcoal move through your system. Keep in mind that charcoal might make you vomit. Chocolate syrup and ice cream may prevent activated charcoal from functioning properly. Wait at least 2 hours after taking activated charcoal before taking any medications. 3-2. Be ready for side effects. Activated charcoal can have a few side effects, some being more common that others. Knowing which side effects are considered normal can help you learn if the patient's condition is improving or worsening. Review this list of common side effects caused by activated charcoal to learn what you might expect after a dose has been administered: It is not very common for pain or swelling in the stomach to occur. Diarrhea is a common side effect of activated charcoal. Dark stool is normal after taking activated charcoal. Constipation and vomiting may occur, but these side effects are rare. 3-3. Stay in contact with emergency services. After you've given activated charcoal to the affected person, you'll likely need to stay in contact with emergency services. You may need to monitor the person and relay information about their condition. Stay with the intoxicated person and be ready to update emergency services with any changes to the patient's condition that might occur. Follow any instructions that you are given when speaking to emergency services. Try to remain calm and answer any questions as accurately as you can. You may receive other basic first aid instructions from emergency services. Stay with the affected person until help arrives. 4. Administering Activated Charcoal to Your Dog 4-1. Call your veterinarian. Before you take any action, you will want to call your veterinarian. Your veterinarian will be able to tell you if activated charcoal is appropriate and how much your dog should receive. Don't administer activated charcoal without your veterinarian's instruction to avoid harming your dog. 4-2. Do not give your dog activated charcoal if they have symptoms of poisoning or intoxication. There is a chance that your dog's airways will become blocked if activated charcoal is administered when they are displaying any symptoms. Always make sure your dog is asymptomatic before giving them any activated charcoal. If your dog is vomiting or having trouble breathing, do not give them any activated charcoal. Your veterinarian will be able to tell you more about which symptoms to look out for. 4-3. Avoid giving your pet activated charcoal if they have ingested certain substances. Activated charcoal may cause additional complications or worsen the effects of intoxication. Do not give your pet activated charcoal if they have consumed any of these following substances: Corrosive or caustic agents. Things with high salt content like playdough, table salt or paint balls. Ethanol, xylitol or heavy metals. 4-4. Measure out the correct dose for your dog. You will need to give your dog the optimum dosage of activated charcoal in order for it to be effective. Make sure you have the correct dose before giving your dog activated charcoal. Your veterinarian should be able to tell you what's best for your dog. However, you can review some of the following to learn how much activated charcoal your dog may need: Many doses of activated charcoal come pre-measured. For every 5 g/kg of body weight, you should give your dog one dose. Your veterinarian will be able to help you 4-5. Try mixing activated charcoal with dog food. Giving your dog activated charcoal by itself may cause your dog to reject it. To help make the charcoal more appealing, try mixing it with your dog's favorite food. This can help your dog consume the activated charcoal and won't have any effect on the charcoal itself. 4-6. Take your dog to your veterinarian. After you've given your dog a dose of activated charcoal, you'll need to take them to the veterinarian. Your vet will be able to provide follow up or emergency care for your dog. Your vet will also be able to monitor your dog's condition and make sure they safely recover. Warnings Activated charcoal should never be given to someone who is choking or coughing excessively. Activated charcoal should never be given to someone who is not fully conscious or aware of what is happening. Do not administer activated charcoal without the direction of emergency services.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:24", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Administering Activated Charcoal to a Human in an Emergency Situation\\n1-1. Contact emergency services.\\nBefore you administer activated charcoal, you will want to contact emergency services or poison control. In some cases, administering activated charcoal can actually cause a person harm or complicate the medical emergency. Make sure you have the approval of a medical professional before you give anyone activated charcoal.\\nIn the United States, call 911 for emergency personnel, or call 1-800-222-1222 for Poison Control. Call 911 before calling Poison Control.\\nWait for instructions from emergency services or poison control. They may not advise you to use activated charcoal.\\nFollow any instructions you receive exactly. If they tell you to use ipecac syrup or to bring the person into the ER, do not give the person activated charcoal. Instead, follow their advice.\\n1-2. Determine if you should give ipecac syrup instead of the charcoal.\\nIn some cases, poison control or emergency services might give or recommend ipecac syrup instead of activated charcoal. In this case, you must administer 10 to 30 mL of ipecac syrup to induce vomiting. Do not administer ipecac if the person has ingested a highly corrosive poison, such as gasoline. Ask poison control personnel for guidance.\\nDo not use ipecac if the person has alcohol poisoning or has passed out, as the vomit can be breathed into the lungs.\\n1-3. Prepare a dose of activated charcoal.\\nIf there are not other options for treatment, emergency services may help you prepare an appropriate dose of activated charcoal. Measure out the correct amount of powdered charcoal, before mixing it with water and giving it to the patient. Take a look at some of these general guidelines to help give you an idea of what appropriate doses might look like:\\nAdults will need between 25 to 100 grams of activated charcoal.\\nChildren between 1 and 12 years old will require between 25 to 50 grams of activated charcoal.\\nDo not give it to children under 1. Your doctor or emergency services may recommend ipecac syrup instead.\\n1-4. Thoroughly shake liquid forms of activated charcoal.\\nLiquid forms of activated charcoal are prone to settling. Always make sure you have fully shaken the container to deliver the full dose of activated charcoal.\\n1-5. Have the patient drink the entire dose.\\nIt's important that the ill person takes the entire dose of activated charcoal in the container. To facilitate this, you can refill the container with water after the first dose and have the person drink that as well. Continue in this way until all of the activated charcoal has been consumed.\\nMake sure the person sitting upright and is able to drink the mixture. Do not give activated charcoal to someone who is passed out.\\nYou may need to help the person raise their head up if they are unable to sit upright.\\n1-6. Bring the person to the ER afterwards.\\nIt is important that the person is monitored to make sure that their condition does not get worse. In some cases, they may require IV fluids or other treatments. If emergency services do not come to you, you may need to take the person to the ER yourself.\\n2. Knowing When to Administer Activated Charcoal to a Person\\n2-1. Call emergency services for help.\\nAlthough you may be able to purchase activated charcoal without a prescription, you will want to call trained medical professionals to learn exactly how to administer it. There are some cases where an individual may be harmed by taking activated charcoal. To ensure proper safety, you'll want to have a medical professional's instruction and approval before administering activated charcoal.\\nIn the United States, call 911 for emergency personnel, or call 1-800-222-1222 for Poison Control.\\nContact your doctor, poison control center or other emergency services before administering activated charcoal.\\nYou will need to learn if activated charcoal is appropriate for your medical emergency.\\nEmergency services may be able to tell you how much activated charcoal you should administer. In some cases, they may not recommend it at all.\\nDo not administer activated charcoal without the instruction of a medical professional. If you are going somewhere isolated without medical assistance, talk to your doctor beforehand about using activated charcoal.\\n2-2. Know when not to use activated charcoal.\\nIn many cases, activated charcoal can help someone who has been intoxicated. However, there are some substances that won't be affected by activated charcoal. You'll want to know when not to use activated charcoal to help keep the intoxicated person safe and get them the care they most need. Do not administer activated charcoal if the person has consumed any of the following substances:\\nCorrosive agents such as toilet bowl cleaners, paint removers and drain cleaners.\\nPowerful acids like car battery fluid, metal cleaners and rust removers.\\nIron\\nBoric acid\\nLithium\\nGasoline or kerosene\\nAlcohol\\n2-3. Know which form of activated charcoal to administer.\\nKnowing which forms activated charcoal can be found in will help you know how best to administer them. Appropriate dosage levels can also be affected by the form your activated charcoal comes in. Take a look at some of these common forms that activated charcoal comes in to help you better administer it if the need should arise.\\nLiquids will often be premixed and ready to administer. Many liquid forms of activated charcoal will be suspensions, requiring you to shake them thoroughly before giving them to someone.\\nTablets can be a quick and easy way to administer pre-measured doses activated charcoal.\\nPowders will need to be carefully measured before mixing with water.\\n2-4. Know who can use activated charcoal and when.\\nYou won't be able to administer activated charcoal to everyone in the same manner. A person's medical history, age and reason for needing activated charcoal will all affect how you give them the activated charcoal. In many cases, you should only use activated charcoal if there are no other options. Discuss some of the following information with emergency services before administering activated charcoal:\\nTell emergency services about any allergies.\\nTell your doctor or emergency services about any medications you are taking.\\nMake any preexisting medical conditions known before administering activated charcoal.\\nDo not give activated charcoal to anyone who is unconscious or having trouble focusing.\\nYou should not administer activated charcoal to children without direct supervision from emergency services.\\n3. Following up After Administering Activated Charcoal to a Person\\n3-1. Do not take any other medications or food after a dose of activated charcoal.\\nTaking a medication after receiving a dose of activated charcoal can result in that medication being blocked from absorption into the blood stream. Certain foods may stop the activated charcoal from working properly. Always make sure that you administer activated charcoal by itself to avoid complications.\\nAvoid eating for 8 hours to help the charcoal move through your system. Keep in mind that charcoal might make you vomit.\\nChocolate syrup and ice cream may prevent activated charcoal from functioning properly.\\nWait at least 2 hours after taking activated charcoal before taking any medications.\\n3-2. Be ready for side effects.\\nActivated charcoal can have a few side effects, some being more common that others. Knowing which side effects are considered normal can help you learn if the patient's condition is improving or worsening. Review this list of common side effects caused by activated charcoal to learn what you might expect after a dose has been administered:\\nIt is not very common for pain or swelling in the stomach to occur.\\nDiarrhea is a common side effect of activated charcoal.\\nDark stool is normal after taking activated charcoal.\\nConstipation and vomiting may occur, but these side effects are rare.\\n3-3. Stay in contact with emergency services.\\nAfter you've given activated charcoal to the affected person, you'll likely need to stay in contact with emergency services. You may need to monitor the person and relay information about their condition. Stay with the intoxicated person and be ready to update emergency services with any changes to the patient's condition that might occur.\\nFollow any instructions that you are given when speaking to emergency services.\\nTry to remain calm and answer any questions as accurately as you can.\\nYou may receive other basic first aid instructions from emergency services.\\nStay with the affected person until help arrives.\\n4. Administering Activated Charcoal to Your Dog\\n4-1. Call your veterinarian.\\nBefore you take any action, you will want to call your veterinarian. Your veterinarian will be able to tell you if activated charcoal is appropriate and how much your dog should receive. Don't administer activated charcoal without your veterinarian's instruction to avoid harming your dog.\\n4-2. Do not give your dog activated charcoal if they have symptoms of poisoning or intoxication.\\nThere is a chance that your dog's airways will become blocked if activated charcoal is administered when they are displaying any symptoms. Always make sure your dog is asymptomatic before giving them any activated charcoal.\\nIf your dog is vomiting or having trouble breathing, do not give them any activated charcoal.\\nYour veterinarian will be able to tell you more about which symptoms to look out for.\\n4-3. Avoid giving your pet activated charcoal if they have ingested certain substances.\\nActivated charcoal may cause additional complications or worsen the effects of intoxication. Do not give your pet activated charcoal if they have consumed any of these following substances:\\nCorrosive or caustic agents.\\nThings with high salt content like playdough, table salt or paint balls.\\nEthanol, xylitol or heavy metals.\\n4-4. Measure out the correct dose for your dog.\\nYou will need to give your dog the optimum dosage of activated charcoal in order for it to be effective. Make sure you have the correct dose before giving your dog activated charcoal. Your veterinarian should be able to tell you what's best for your dog. However, you can review some of the following to learn how much activated charcoal your dog may need:\\nMany doses of activated charcoal come pre-measured.\\nFor every 5 g/kg of body weight, you should give your dog one dose.\\nYour veterinarian will be able to help you\\n4-5. Try mixing activated charcoal with dog food.\\nGiving your dog activated charcoal by itself may cause your dog to reject it. To help make the charcoal more appealing, try mixing it with your dog's favorite food. This can help your dog consume the activated charcoal and won't have any effect on the charcoal itself.\\n4-6. Take your dog to your veterinarian.\\nAfter you've given your dog a dose of activated charcoal, you'll need to take them to the veterinarian. Your vet will be able to provide follow up or emergency care for your dog. Your vet will also be able to monitor your dog's condition and make sure they safely recover.\\nWarnings\\nActivated charcoal should never be given to someone who is choking or coughing excessively.\\nActivated charcoal should never be given to someone who is not fully conscious or aware of what is happening.\\nDo not administer activated charcoal without the direction of emergency services.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"When a person has overdosed on drugs or ingested a dangerous amount of alcohol, activated charcoal can be used to help save a person from longterm effects or even death. Activated charcoal can also be used to save a pets life if they eat something dangerous. The activated charcoal works by coating the stomach and preventing it from absorbing these intoxicants, slowing or stopping their progression into the bloodstream. Some studies have shown that activated charcoal works best when administered quickly after ingesting an intoxicant. Because of this, you'll want to know how to quickly deliver a proper dose of activated charcoal to someone in the event they should need it.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Administering Activated Charcoal to a Human in an Emergency Situation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Contact emergency services.\", \"描述\": \"Before you administer activated charcoal, you will want to contact emergency services or poison control. In some cases, administering activated charcoal can actually cause a person harm or complicate the medical emergency. Make sure you have the approval of a medical professional before you give anyone activated charcoal.\\nIn the United States, call 911 for emergency personnel, or call 1-800-222-1222 for Poison Control. Call 911 before calling Poison Control.\\nWait for instructions from emergency services or poison control. They may not advise you to use activated charcoal.\\nFollow any instructions you receive exactly. If they tell you to use ipecac syrup or to bring the person into the ER, do not give the person activated charcoal. Instead, follow their advice.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Determine if you should give ipecac syrup instead of the charcoal.\", \"描述\": \"In some cases, poison control or emergency services might give or recommend ipecac syrup instead of activated charcoal. In this case, you must administer 10 to 30 mL of ipecac syrup to induce vomiting. Do not administer ipecac if the person has ingested a highly corrosive poison, such as gasoline. Ask poison control personnel for guidance.\\nDo not use ipecac if the person has alcohol poisoning or has passed out, as the vomit can be breathed into the lungs.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Prepare a dose of activated charcoal.\", \"描述\": \"If there are not other options for treatment, emergency services may help you prepare an appropriate dose of activated charcoal. Measure out the correct amount of powdered charcoal, before mixing it with water and giving it to the patient. Take a look at some of these general guidelines to help give you an idea of what appropriate doses might look like:\\nAdults will need between 25 to 100 grams of activated charcoal.\\nChildren between 1 and 12 years old will require between 25 to 50 grams of activated charcoal.\\nDo not give it to children under 1. Your doctor or emergency services may recommend ipecac syrup instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Thoroughly shake liquid forms of activated charcoal.\", \"描述\": \"Liquid forms of activated charcoal are prone to settling. Always make sure you have fully shaken the container to deliver the full dose of activated charcoal.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Have the patient drink the entire dose.\", \"描述\": \"It's important that the ill person takes the entire dose of activated charcoal in the container. To facilitate this, you can refill the container with water after the first dose and have the person drink that as well. Continue in this way until all of the activated charcoal has been consumed.\\nMake sure the person sitting upright and is able to drink the mixture. Do not give activated charcoal to someone who is passed out.\\nYou may need to help the person raise their head up if they are unable to sit upright.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Bring the person to the ER afterwards.\", \"描述\": \"It is important that the person is monitored to make sure that their condition does not get worse. In some cases, they may require IV fluids or other treatments. If emergency services do not come to you, you may need to take the person to the ER yourself.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Knowing When to Administer Activated Charcoal to a Person\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Call emergency services for help.\", \"描述\": \"Although you may be able to purchase activated charcoal without a prescription, you will want to call trained medical professionals to learn exactly how to administer it. There are some cases where an individual may be harmed by taking activated charcoal. To ensure proper safety, you'll want to have a medical professional's instruction and approval before administering activated charcoal.\\nIn the United States, call 911 for emergency personnel, or call 1-800-222-1222 for Poison Control.\\nContact your doctor, poison control center or other emergency services before administering activated charcoal.\\nYou will need to learn if activated charcoal is appropriate for your medical emergency.\\nEmergency services may be able to tell you how much activated charcoal you should administer. In some cases, they may not recommend it at all.\\nDo not administer activated charcoal without the instruction of a medical professional. If you are going somewhere isolated without medical assistance, talk to your doctor beforehand about using activated charcoal.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know when not to use activated charcoal.\", \"描述\": \"In many cases, activated charcoal can help someone who has been intoxicated. However, there are some substances that won't be affected by activated charcoal. You'll want to know when not to use activated charcoal to help keep the intoxicated person safe and get them the care they most need. Do not administer activated charcoal if the person has consumed any of the following substances:\\nCorrosive agents such as toilet bowl cleaners, paint removers and drain cleaners.\\nPowerful acids like car battery fluid, metal cleaners and rust removers.\\nIron\\nBoric acid\\nLithium\\nGasoline or kerosene\\nAlcohol\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know which form of activated charcoal to administer.\", \"描述\": \"Knowing which forms activated charcoal can be found in will help you know how best to administer them. Appropriate dosage levels can also be affected by the form your activated charcoal comes in. Take a look at some of these common forms that activated charcoal comes in to help you better administer it if the need should arise.\\nLiquids will often be premixed and ready to administer. Many liquid forms of activated charcoal will be suspensions, requiring you to shake them thoroughly before giving them to someone.\\nTablets can be a quick and easy way to administer pre-measured doses activated charcoal.\\nPowders will need to be carefully measured before mixing with water.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Know who can use activated charcoal and when.\", \"描述\": \"You won't be able to administer activated charcoal to everyone in the same manner. A person's medical history, age and reason for needing activated charcoal will all affect how you give them the activated charcoal. In many cases, you should only use activated charcoal if there are no other options. Discuss some of the following information with emergency services before administering activated charcoal:\\nTell emergency services about any allergies.\\nTell your doctor or emergency services about any medications you are taking.\\nMake any preexisting medical conditions known before administering activated charcoal.\\nDo not give activated charcoal to anyone who is unconscious or having trouble focusing.\\nYou should not administer activated charcoal to children without direct supervision from emergency services.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Following up After Administering Activated Charcoal to a Person\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do not take any other medications or food after a dose of activated charcoal.\", \"描述\": \"Taking a medication after receiving a dose of activated charcoal can result in that medication being blocked from absorption into the blood stream. Certain foods may stop the activated charcoal from working properly. Always make sure that you administer activated charcoal by itself to avoid complications.\\nAvoid eating for 8 hours to help the charcoal move through your system. Keep in mind that charcoal might make you vomit.\\nChocolate syrup and ice cream may prevent activated charcoal from functioning properly.\\nWait at least 2 hours after taking activated charcoal before taking any medications.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be ready for side effects.\", \"描述\": \"Activated charcoal can have a few side effects, some being more common that others. Knowing which side effects are considered normal can help you learn if the patient's condition is improving or worsening. Review this list of common side effects caused by activated charcoal to learn what you might expect after a dose has been administered:\\nIt is not very common for pain or swelling in the stomach to occur.\\nDiarrhea is a common side effect of activated charcoal.\\nDark stool is normal after taking activated charcoal.\\nConstipation and vomiting may occur, but these side effects are rare.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stay in contact with emergency services.\", \"描述\": \"After you've given activated charcoal to the affected person, you'll likely need to stay in contact with emergency services. You may need to monitor the person and relay information about their condition. Stay with the intoxicated person and be ready to update emergency services with any changes to the patient's condition that might occur.\\nFollow any instructions that you are given when speaking to emergency services.\\nTry to remain calm and answer any questions as accurately as you can.\\nYou may receive other basic first aid instructions from emergency services.\\nStay with the affected person until help arrives.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Administering Activated Charcoal to Your Dog\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Call your veterinarian.\", \"描述\": \"Before you take any action, you will want to call your veterinarian. Your veterinarian will be able to tell you if activated charcoal is appropriate and how much your dog should receive. Don't administer activated charcoal without your veterinarian's instruction to avoid harming your dog.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Do not give your dog activated charcoal if they have symptoms of poisoning or intoxication.\", \"描述\": \"There is a chance that your dog's airways will become blocked if activated charcoal is administered when they are displaying any symptoms. Always make sure your dog is asymptomatic before giving them any activated charcoal.\\nIf your dog is vomiting or having trouble breathing, do not give them any activated charcoal.\\nYour veterinarian will be able to tell you more about which symptoms to look out for.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid giving your pet activated charcoal if they have ingested certain substances.\", \"描述\": \"Activated charcoal may cause additional complications or worsen the effects of intoxication. Do not give your pet activated charcoal if they have consumed any of these following substances:\\nCorrosive or caustic agents.\\nThings with high salt content like playdough, table salt or paint balls.\\nEthanol, xylitol or heavy metals.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Measure out the correct dose for your dog.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to give your dog the optimum dosage of activated charcoal in order for it to be effective. Make sure you have the correct dose before giving your dog activated charcoal. Your veterinarian should be able to tell you what's best for your dog. However, you can review some of the following to learn how much activated charcoal your dog may need:\\nMany doses of activated charcoal come pre-measured.\\nFor every 5 g/kg of body weight, you should give your dog one dose.\\nYour veterinarian will be able to help you\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Try mixing activated charcoal with dog food.\", \"描述\": \"Giving your dog activated charcoal by itself may cause your dog to reject it. To help make the charcoal more appealing, try mixing it with your dog's favorite food. This can help your dog consume the activated charcoal and won't have any effect on the charcoal itself.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Take your dog to your veterinarian.\", \"描述\": \"After you've given your dog a dose of activated charcoal, you'll need to take them to the veterinarian. Your vet will be able to provide follow up or emergency care for your dog. Your vet will also be able to monitor your dog's condition and make sure they safely recover.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Activated charcoal should never be given to someone who is choking or coughing excessively.\\n\", \"Activated charcoal should never be given to someone who is not fully conscious or aware of what is happening.\\n\", \"Do not administer activated charcoal without the direction of emergency services.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
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How to Administer Eye Drops
1. Ensuring Hygiene and Safety 1-1. Always read the label. Not all eye drops are manufactured the same. Manufacturers will specify safety tips and requirements for their products. Check the label for: Expiration date. Never use eye drops beyond the expiration date. Expired eye drops can irritate your eyes and cause infection or changes in vision. Storage instructions. Generally, eye drops should be stored in a cool, dry place where they are not exposed to sunlight. Follow the required temperature and storage instructions for your eye drops. Never store the eye drops in a freezer. For those who live in the tropics, it is advisable to store eye drops in the refrigerator unless it is not allowed as specified in the label. This comes with a bonus! Cold eye drops provide a more soothing and refreshing effect when applied. 1-2. Inspect the eye drops bottle and contents properly. Double-check the consistency of the eye drops. Discard the eye drops if they look suspicious, have turned cloudy, or have changed color. Verify that the dropper tip is not cracked or chipped. Damaged dropper tips will cause injury if it accidentally comes in contact with the eyes. It may also dispense micro fragments that could irritate the eye. This solution should be isotone and isohydric with the lacrimal fluid. If this condition is not met, the eye will be irritated and this can lead to corneal alterations, blurry vision, or even permanent eye damage. This means that the eye drops must have similar physico-chemical characteristics with the lacrimal fluid's characteristics. As a general rule when it comes to eye drops: Discard when in doubt. 1-3. Practice good hygiene. Always wash your hands before applying eye drops. Dirty hands may contaminate the eye drops or the eye itself with contact. Hand washing is your best defense against germs. Always use soap and water. To wash your hands effectively: Work the soap into a lather on hands, wrists, and skin just before the forearm. Rub the palms against each other and then with the fingers interlaced. Overlap the right palm on the back of the left hand with the fingers interlaced. Repeat with the left palm over the back of the right hand. Rub the back of the fingers against the opposing palms in a twisting motion while the tip and half of the fingers are interlocked. Cup the right hand and rub it in a circular way against the left palm for at least 5 times. Do the same with the left hand. Enclose and rub each finger (one by one) of the left hand with your right hand in a gentle, milking manner. Repeat for the right hand. The duration of handwashing should be equivalent to at least 2 full “happy birthday” songs. Rinse thoroughly with water and dry with a clean towel. 1-4. For contact lens users, remove them prior to use. Contact lenses are barriers to proper absorption of eye drops. Place them in your solution in their container and replace them when the eye drops have fully infused into your eyes. It's best to wait for 15 minutes before wearing them again. The contact lens may cause irritation or inhibit eye drop absorption if applied immediately. You don’t need to remove your contacts if you’re using lubricating eye drops during the day to relieve dryness. 2. Administering Eye Drops Effectively 2-1. Remove the cap. Place the cap sideways on a flat surface or hold it with a clean hand. This avoids contamination of the cap with germs. Never place the cap on a surface with the tip pointing up. This exposes the inside of the cap to potentially harmful bacteria. Avoid hand, finger, or skin contact with the dropper tip. This prevents bacteria from polluting the eye drops content and dropper tip. The drops must be sterile. This means that they must not have been in contact with anything before putting them inside your conjunctival sac (tear duct). This is very important because the eye is a very sensitive organ where an infection can develop quickly, leading to serious damage. 2-2. Tilt your head back and look up towards the ceiling. Tilting the head back prevents the eye drops from spilling out. Pull down the lower lid of your eye with the index finger of the non-dominant hand to form a v-pocket in the lower eyelid. The v-pocket is the area that accommodates the eye drop. Hold the eye drop (with the tip pointing down) with your dominant hand. The dropper tip should always be a few centimeters away from the eye. Looking up will prevent excessive movement of the eyeball, which could cause leakage of eye drops. The dominant hand is more stable in holding the eye drop bottle. You will also find it easier to squeeze the eye drop bottle with your dominant hand. 2-3. Gently squeeze the eye drop bottle over your eye with your dominant hand. Make sure only a single drop enters the v-pocket. Be sure not to touch your eye; the dropper tip may injure the eye if it comes into contact with the eye's surface. Multiple drops are not advisable because the second drop almost always is wasted as it spills into the skin. Moreover, there will be poor absorption with multiple drops. 2-4. Let go of your lower eyelid. This will seal the v-pocket the drops went into. Close your eyelid and gently dab excess fluid with a tissue. Do not use your hands to dab excess fluid as doing so may induce infection or irritation. A clean towel will also work, but a tissue will be easier to use and is likely more hygienic. 2-5. Close your eyes for 5 minutes and resist blinking. Gently press the index finger against the round-shaped sac (your tear duct) in the inner corner of the eye. This can be located at the junction of the eye and bridge of the nose. It takes 5 minutes to facilitate proper absorption of a single eye drop. Blinking may wring out the medicine away from the eye into the skin of the lower eyelids. Pressing against the round-shaped sac gently will close the connection between the eyes and the nose. This ensures that the drop will not be wasted by draining into the nose. If more than one drop is necessary, you can apply the next drop after 5 minutes elapses. This is especially important if you're using more than one type of eye drop as they should not be mixed. 2-6. Return the cap and seal the eye drop tightly. Repeat for the other eye if necessary. Store it in its proper storage place after use. Wash your hands immediately after eye drop application to remove medication from the hands. When you're finished, perform the handwashing technique described above. If you are using an eye drop and an ointment, apply the ointment second. The oil in the ointment solution will trap the eye drop and reduce its effectiveness and absorption. 2-7. Handle any accidents calmly. If you are not very careful and a larger quantity of drops than required touches your eye, you should immediately wash it with water. No harm will be done. Keep the following protocol in mind: If you touch your cornea, you should immediately consult an ophthalmologist because it increases the risk of complications like an infection. If you touch the eye-dropper, you should change it with a new one to limit the risk of getting an infection. If your vision is very blurry after you use the drug prescribed for the first time, you should call your doctor and tell him this. You might be allergic to that substance. If your eye function does not improve after a few days, call your ophthalmologist. He might suggest a change in your treatment. 3. Understanding Eye Drops 3-1. Know the various types of eye drops. Eye drops are drugs designed for local or topical use, just for the eye. They can be solutions (liquids that contain at least two soluble substances), suspensions (liquids that contain particles in a solvent, that are not dissolving), or emulsions (liquids in which we have at least two non-miscible components). They are mostly prescribed by your general practitioner or ophthalmologist after a thorough clinical exam; despite this, some of these drugs can be procured very easily from a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription (they are called OTCs - Over-The-Counter drugs). They are available for the most common ophthalmic affections, like allergies, conjunctivitis, and so on. 3-2. Know when eye drops are useful. There are a number of different reasons a person may need eye drops. Here are some of the most common issues: For treating different conditions such as conjunctivitis, or pink eye. They can contain antibiotics, NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs) that fight inflammation found in specific infections. For allergic conjunctivitis along with oral allergy medications, cool compresses, and allergen avoidance. For glaucoma or increased eye pressure. For diagnosing ophthalmic problems. It is known that before an ophthalmological exam, the doctor might put some eye drops in your conjunctival sac for a better view of some components of the eye. There are drugs that can cause an increase in the diameter of the pupil (mydriatic drops, like Homatropine) or decrease the pupil diameter (miotic drugs, like Pilocarpine). Another common way eye drops are used is lubricating contact lenses and avoiding eye irritation. 3-3. Know why eye drops are effective. This type of administration is very useful when a local effect on the eye is needed, not a systemic effect. Using these, you can get a smaller concentration of the main active substance and obtain a high local concentration within the eye tissue; this is one of the greatest advantages of this form of administration. In other words, eye drops get right to the source. Another very important quality of this type of drug is that they institute their effect very quickly due to excellent absorption rates; this appears because the eye is an organ that has a rich lymphatic capillary network which communicates on the whole surface of the eye.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:24", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Ensuring Hygiene and Safety\\n1-1. Always read the label.\\nNot all eye drops are manufactured the same. Manufacturers will specify safety tips and requirements for their products. Check the label for:\\n\\nExpiration date. Never use eye drops beyond the expiration date. Expired eye drops can irritate your eyes and cause infection or changes in vision.\\nStorage instructions. Generally, eye drops should be stored in a cool, dry place where they are not exposed to sunlight. Follow the required temperature and storage instructions for your eye drops. Never store the eye drops in a freezer.\\nFor those who live in the tropics, it is advisable to store eye drops in the refrigerator unless it is not allowed as specified in the label. This comes with a bonus! Cold eye drops provide a more soothing and refreshing effect when applied.\\n1-2. Inspect the eye drops bottle and contents properly.\\nDouble-check the consistency of the eye drops. Discard the eye drops if they look suspicious, have turned cloudy, or have changed color.\\nVerify that the dropper tip is not cracked or chipped. Damaged dropper tips will cause injury if it accidentally comes in contact with the eyes. It may also dispense micro fragments that could irritate the eye.\\nThis solution should be isotone and isohydric with the lacrimal fluid. If this condition is not met, the eye will be irritated and this can lead to corneal alterations, blurry vision, or even permanent eye damage. This means that the eye drops must have similar physico-chemical characteristics with the lacrimal fluid's characteristics.\\nAs a general rule when it comes to eye drops: Discard when in doubt.\\n1-3. Practice good hygiene.\\nAlways wash your hands before applying eye drops. Dirty hands may contaminate the eye drops or the eye itself with contact. Hand washing is your best defense against germs. Always use soap and water. To wash your hands effectively:\\nWork the soap into a lather on hands, wrists, and skin just before the forearm.\\nRub the palms against each other and then with the fingers interlaced.\\nOverlap the right palm on the back of the left hand with the fingers interlaced. Repeat with the left palm over the back of the right hand.\\nRub the back of the fingers against the opposing palms in a twisting motion while the tip and half of the fingers are interlocked.\\nCup the right hand and rub it in a circular way against the left palm for at least 5 times. Do the same with the left hand.\\nEnclose and rub each finger (one by one) of the left hand with your right hand in a gentle, milking manner. Repeat for the right hand.\\nThe duration of handwashing should be equivalent to at least 2 full “happy birthday” songs.\\nRinse thoroughly with water and dry with a clean towel.\\n1-4. For contact lens users, remove them prior to use.\\nContact lenses are barriers to proper absorption of eye drops. Place them in your solution in their container and replace them when the eye drops have fully infused into your eyes.\\nIt's best to wait for 15 minutes before wearing them again. The contact lens may cause irritation or inhibit eye drop absorption if applied immediately.\\nYou don’t need to remove your contacts if you’re using lubricating eye drops during the day to relieve dryness.\\n2. Administering Eye Drops Effectively\\n2-1. Remove the cap.\\nPlace the cap sideways on a flat surface or hold it with a clean hand. This avoids contamination of the cap with germs.\\nNever place the cap on a surface with the tip pointing up. This exposes the inside of the cap to potentially harmful bacteria.\\nAvoid hand, finger, or skin contact with the dropper tip. This prevents bacteria from polluting the eye drops content and dropper tip.\\nThe drops must be sterile. This means that they must not have been in contact with anything before putting them inside your conjunctival sac (tear duct). This is very important because the eye is a very sensitive organ where an infection can develop quickly, leading to serious damage.\\n2-2. Tilt your head back and look up towards the ceiling.\\nTilting the head back prevents the eye drops from spilling out. Pull down the lower lid of your eye with the index finger of the non-dominant hand to form a v-pocket in the lower eyelid. The v-pocket is the area that accommodates the eye drop.\\nHold the eye drop (with the tip pointing down) with your dominant hand. The dropper tip should always be a few centimeters away from the eye.\\nLooking up will prevent excessive movement of the eyeball, which could cause leakage of eye drops.\\nThe dominant hand is more stable in holding the eye drop bottle. You will also find it easier to squeeze the eye drop bottle with your dominant hand.\\n2-3. Gently squeeze the eye drop bottle over your eye with your dominant hand.\\nMake sure only a single drop enters the v-pocket. Be sure not to touch your eye; the dropper tip may injure the eye if it comes into contact with the eye's surface.\\nMultiple drops are not advisable because the second drop almost always is wasted as it spills into the skin. Moreover, there will be poor absorption with multiple drops.\\n2-4. Let go of your lower eyelid.\\nThis will seal the v-pocket the drops went into. Close your eyelid and gently dab excess fluid with a tissue. Do not use your hands to dab excess fluid as doing so may induce infection or irritation.\\nA clean towel will also work, but a tissue will be easier to use and is likely more hygienic.\\n2-5. Close your eyes for 5 minutes and resist blinking.\\nGently press the index finger against the round-shaped sac (your tear duct) in the inner corner of the eye. This can be located at the junction of the eye and bridge of the nose.\\nIt takes 5 minutes to facilitate proper absorption of a single eye drop. Blinking may wring out the medicine away from the eye into the skin of the lower eyelids.\\nPressing against the round-shaped sac gently will close the connection between the eyes and the nose. This ensures that the drop will not be wasted by draining into the nose.\\nIf more than one drop is necessary, you can apply the next drop after 5 minutes elapses. This is especially important if you're using more than one type of eye drop as they should not be mixed.\\n2-6. Return the cap and seal the eye drop tightly.\\nRepeat for the other eye if necessary. Store it in its proper storage place after use. Wash your hands immediately after eye drop application to remove medication from the hands.\\nWhen you're finished, perform the handwashing technique described above.\\nIf you are using an eye drop and an ointment, apply the ointment second. The oil in the ointment solution will trap the eye drop and reduce its effectiveness and absorption.\\n2-7. Handle any accidents calmly.\\nIf you are not very careful and a larger quantity of drops than required touches your eye, you should immediately wash it with water. No harm will be done. Keep the following protocol in mind:\\nIf you touch your cornea, you should immediately consult an ophthalmologist because it increases the risk of complications like an infection.\\nIf you touch the eye-dropper, you should change it with a new one to limit the risk of getting an infection.\\nIf your vision is very blurry after you use the drug prescribed for the first time, you should call your doctor and tell him this. You might be allergic to that substance.\\nIf your eye function does not improve after a few days, call your ophthalmologist. He might suggest a change in your treatment.\\n3. Understanding Eye Drops\\n3-1. Know the various types of eye drops.\\nEye drops are drugs designed for local or topical use, just for the eye. They can be solutions (liquids that contain at least two soluble substances), suspensions (liquids that contain particles in a solvent, that are not dissolving), or emulsions (liquids in which we have at least two non-miscible components).\\nThey are mostly prescribed by your general practitioner or ophthalmologist after a thorough clinical exam; despite this, some of these drugs can be procured very easily from a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription (they are called OTCs - Over-The-Counter drugs). They are available for the most common ophthalmic affections, like allergies, conjunctivitis, and so on.\\n3-2. Know when eye drops are useful.\\nThere are a number of different reasons a person may need eye drops. Here are some of the most common issues:\\nFor treating different conditions such as conjunctivitis, or pink eye. They can contain antibiotics, NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs) that fight inflammation found in specific infections.\\nFor allergic conjunctivitis along with oral allergy medications, cool compresses, and allergen avoidance.\\nFor glaucoma or increased eye pressure.\\nFor diagnosing ophthalmic problems. It is known that before an ophthalmological exam, the doctor might put some eye drops in your conjunctival sac for a better view of some components of the eye. There are drugs that can cause an increase in the diameter of the pupil (mydriatic drops, like Homatropine) or decrease the pupil diameter (miotic drugs, like Pilocarpine).\\nAnother common way eye drops are used is lubricating contact lenses and avoiding eye irritation.\\n3-3. Know why eye drops are effective.\\nThis type of administration is very useful when a local effect on the eye is needed, not a systemic effect. Using these, you can get a smaller concentration of the main active substance and obtain a high local concentration within the eye tissue; this is one of the greatest advantages of this form of administration. In other words, eye drops get right to the source.\\nAnother very important quality of this type of drug is that they institute their effect very quickly due to excellent absorption rates; this appears because the eye is an organ that has a rich lymphatic capillary network which communicates on the whole surface of the eye.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Eye drops can soothe dryness, cure infections, help with allergy symptoms, relieve swelling, and give much-needed relief to your eyes. For all the magic they do, they must be administered properly. Hygienic, proper application of eye drops is very important to enhance their effectiveness and prevent doing unnecessary damage to the eyes. An infection due to dirty hands or dropper tip, for example, is something that can be easily avoided. To administer eye drops for maximum efficacy, start with Step 1 below.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ensuring Hygiene and Safety\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Always read the label.\", \"描述\": \"Not all eye drops are manufactured the same. Manufacturers will specify safety tips and requirements for their products. Check the label for:\\n\\nExpiration date. Never use eye drops beyond the expiration date. Expired eye drops can irritate your eyes and cause infection or changes in vision.\\nStorage instructions. Generally, eye drops should be stored in a cool, dry place where they are not exposed to sunlight. Follow the required temperature and storage instructions for your eye drops. Never store the eye drops in a freezer.\\nFor those who live in the tropics, it is advisable to store eye drops in the refrigerator unless it is not allowed as specified in the label. This comes with a bonus! Cold eye drops provide a more soothing and refreshing effect when applied.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Inspect the eye drops bottle and contents properly.\", \"描述\": \"Double-check the consistency of the eye drops. Discard the eye drops if they look suspicious, have turned cloudy, or have changed color.\\nVerify that the dropper tip is not cracked or chipped. Damaged dropper tips will cause injury if it accidentally comes in contact with the eyes. It may also dispense micro fragments that could irritate the eye.\\nThis solution should be isotone and isohydric with the lacrimal fluid. If this condition is not met, the eye will be irritated and this can lead to corneal alterations, blurry vision, or even permanent eye damage. This means that the eye drops must have similar physico-chemical characteristics with the lacrimal fluid's characteristics.\\nAs a general rule when it comes to eye drops: Discard when in doubt.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice good hygiene.\", \"描述\": \"Always wash your hands before applying eye drops. Dirty hands may contaminate the eye drops or the eye itself with contact. Hand washing is your best defense against germs. Always use soap and water. To wash your hands effectively:\\nWork the soap into a lather on hands, wrists, and skin just before the forearm.\\nRub the palms against each other and then with the fingers interlaced.\\nOverlap the right palm on the back of the left hand with the fingers interlaced. Repeat with the left palm over the back of the right hand.\\nRub the back of the fingers against the opposing palms in a twisting motion while the tip and half of the fingers are interlocked.\\nCup the right hand and rub it in a circular way against the left palm for at least 5 times. Do the same with the left hand.\\nEnclose and rub each finger (one by one) of the left hand with your right hand in a gentle, milking manner. Repeat for the right hand.\\nThe duration of handwashing should be equivalent to at least 2 full “happy birthday” songs.\\nRinse thoroughly with water and dry with a clean towel.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"For contact lens users, remove them prior to use.\", \"描述\": \"Contact lenses are barriers to proper absorption of eye drops. Place them in your solution in their container and replace them when the eye drops have fully infused into your eyes.\\nIt's best to wait for 15 minutes before wearing them again. The contact lens may cause irritation or inhibit eye drop absorption if applied immediately.\\nYou don’t need to remove your contacts if you’re using lubricating eye drops during the day to relieve dryness.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Administering Eye Drops Effectively\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the cap.\", \"描述\": \"Place the cap sideways on a flat surface or hold it with a clean hand. This avoids contamination of the cap with germs.\\nNever place the cap on a surface with the tip pointing up. This exposes the inside of the cap to potentially harmful bacteria.\\nAvoid hand, finger, or skin contact with the dropper tip. This prevents bacteria from polluting the eye drops content and dropper tip.\\nThe drops must be sterile. This means that they must not have been in contact with anything before putting them inside your conjunctival sac (tear duct). This is very important because the eye is a very sensitive organ where an infection can develop quickly, leading to serious damage.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tilt your head back and look up towards the ceiling.\", \"描述\": \"Tilting the head back prevents the eye drops from spilling out. Pull down the lower lid of your eye with the index finger of the non-dominant hand to form a v-pocket in the lower eyelid. The v-pocket is the area that accommodates the eye drop.\\nHold the eye drop (with the tip pointing down) with your dominant hand. The dropper tip should always be a few centimeters away from the eye.\\nLooking up will prevent excessive movement of the eyeball, which could cause leakage of eye drops.\\nThe dominant hand is more stable in holding the eye drop bottle. You will also find it easier to squeeze the eye drop bottle with your dominant hand.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Gently squeeze the eye drop bottle over your eye with your dominant hand.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure only a single drop enters the v-pocket. Be sure not to touch your eye; the dropper tip may injure the eye if it comes into contact with the eye's surface.\\nMultiple drops are not advisable because the second drop almost always is wasted as it spills into the skin. Moreover, there will be poor absorption with multiple drops.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Let go of your lower eyelid.\", \"描述\": \"This will seal the v-pocket the drops went into. Close your eyelid and gently dab excess fluid with a tissue. Do not use your hands to dab excess fluid as doing so may induce infection or irritation.\\nA clean towel will also work, but a tissue will be easier to use and is likely more hygienic.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Close your eyes for 5 minutes and resist blinking.\", \"描述\": \"Gently press the index finger against the round-shaped sac (your tear duct) in the inner corner of the eye. This can be located at the junction of the eye and bridge of the nose.\\nIt takes 5 minutes to facilitate proper absorption of a single eye drop. Blinking may wring out the medicine away from the eye into the skin of the lower eyelids.\\nPressing against the round-shaped sac gently will close the connection between the eyes and the nose. This ensures that the drop will not be wasted by draining into the nose.\\nIf more than one drop is necessary, you can apply the next drop after 5 minutes elapses. This is especially important if you're using more than one type of eye drop as they should not be mixed.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Return the cap and seal the eye drop tightly.\", \"描述\": \"Repeat for the other eye if necessary. Store it in its proper storage place after use. Wash your hands immediately after eye drop application to remove medication from the hands.\\nWhen you're finished, perform the handwashing technique described above.\\nIf you are using an eye drop and an ointment, apply the ointment second. The oil in the ointment solution will trap the eye drop and reduce its effectiveness and absorption.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Handle any accidents calmly.\", \"描述\": \"If you are not very careful and a larger quantity of drops than required touches your eye, you should immediately wash it with water. No harm will be done. Keep the following protocol in mind:\\nIf you touch your cornea, you should immediately consult an ophthalmologist because it increases the risk of complications like an infection.\\nIf you touch the eye-dropper, you should change it with a new one to limit the risk of getting an infection.\\nIf your vision is very blurry after you use the drug prescribed for the first time, you should call your doctor and tell him this. You might be allergic to that substance.\\nIf your eye function does not improve after a few days, call your ophthalmologist. He might suggest a change in your treatment.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understanding Eye Drops\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know the various types of eye drops.\", \"描述\": \"Eye drops are drugs designed for local or topical use, just for the eye. They can be solutions (liquids that contain at least two soluble substances), suspensions (liquids that contain particles in a solvent, that are not dissolving), or emulsions (liquids in which we have at least two non-miscible components).\\nThey are mostly prescribed by your general practitioner or ophthalmologist after a thorough clinical exam; despite this, some of these drugs can be procured very easily from a pharmacy without a doctor's prescription (they are called OTCs - Over-The-Counter drugs). They are available for the most common ophthalmic affections, like allergies, conjunctivitis, and so on.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know when eye drops are useful.\", \"描述\": \"There are a number of different reasons a person may need eye drops. Here are some of the most common issues:\\nFor treating different conditions such as conjunctivitis, or pink eye. They can contain antibiotics, NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory drugs) that fight inflammation found in specific infections.\\nFor allergic conjunctivitis along with oral allergy medications, cool compresses, and allergen avoidance.\\nFor glaucoma or increased eye pressure.\\nFor diagnosing ophthalmic problems. It is known that before an ophthalmological exam, the doctor might put some eye drops in your conjunctival sac for a better view of some components of the eye. There are drugs that can cause an increase in the diameter of the pupil (mydriatic drops, like Homatropine) or decrease the pupil diameter (miotic drugs, like Pilocarpine).\\nAnother common way eye drops are used is lubricating contact lenses and avoiding eye irritation.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know why eye drops are effective.\", \"描述\": \"This type of administration is very useful when a local effect on the eye is needed, not a systemic effect. Using these, you can get a smaller concentration of the main active substance and obtain a high local concentration within the eye tissue; this is one of the greatest advantages of this form of administration. In other words, eye drops get right to the source.\\nAnother very important quality of this type of drug is that they institute their effect very quickly due to excellent absorption rates; this appears because the eye is an organ that has a rich lymphatic capillary network which communicates on the whole surface of the eye.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,469
How to Administer Frontline for Cats
1. Applying Frontline Plus 1-1. Ensure Frontline is right for your cat. You can use Frontline Plus on your cat if they are eight weeks old or older and weigh more than 2.2 lbs (1kg). Talk to your veterinarian before administering Frontline Plus to cats who have other medical problems, or cats that are aged, breeding, pregnant, nursing, or taking other medications. Always read the instructions for use before applying. If your cat has skin lesions or irritation, talk to your vet before applying Frontline Plus. 1-2. Ready the Frontline Plus. If your cat is wearing a collar, remove it. Remove the applicator from the package. Holding the applicator upright, flick the neck to ensure the product is in the main body of the applicator, not the tip. Break off the end of the tube at the score line by snapping it away from your face and body. 1-3. Apply the medication. Hold the cat securely so they cannot move. You might need a friend or family member to hold the cat for you while you apply Frontline Plus. Part the cat's hair on the back of their neck so the skin is exposed. Place the tip of the applicator on the cat’s skin and gently squeeze the applicator until it is empty. Applying Frontline Plus to the area between the shoulder blades is important because that is an area out the cat's reach, where it will not be pawed at or licked off. Do not apply Frontline Plus to your cat’s fur. The medicine is absorbed through the skin, and will not work if it only soaks the pet’s fur. 1-4. Follow appropriate aftercare guidelines. After you’ve administered Frontline Plus to your cat, do not allow the animal to go swimming or bathe for at least 24 hours. Frontline Plus is also flammable, so keep your cat away from open heat or flame for 24 hours after administering. Frontline might cause irritation at the application site. Don’t worry if you see your cat itching or scratching immediately after using the medication; however, if itching or irritation persists, contact your veterinarian. Do not use Frontline Plus on your cat more than once per month. If you continue to have flea or tick infestations, re-apply the medication after one month. 2. Applying Frontline Spray 2-1. Use caution. Before applying Frontline Spray, put on latex or rubber gloves. Find a well-ventilated area to administer the spray. Wear a long-sleeved shirt to prevent the spray from getting on your skin. If you get the spray on your skin or clothing, take the clothing off and rinse your skin beneath running water for about 15 minutes. If you get it in your eyes, rinse your eyes under running water for about 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present, after five minutes. Call your doctor for further treatment. Do not use the spray on cats younger than eight weeks old. After spraying your cat, keep them away from intense heat or open flame, since the medicated spray is flammable. 2-2. Select the dose rate. The dose rate is either short, medium, or high. Knowing the dose rate your cat needs will help you decide how many pumps of the Frontline Spray to apply. Use a low dose rate (six pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or two pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) when your cat has short, fine fur, healthy skin, and few or no fleas. Use a medium dose (nine pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or three pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) if your cat has short or medium-thick fur or a moderate flea population. Use a high dose (12 pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or four pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) when the cat has lots of fleas, thick or long fur, hypersensitivity to fleas, or has ticks. 2-3. Determine the number of sprays your cat needs. The number of sprays you’ll use depends on the size of your cat and the size of your Frontline Spray bottle. You can determine the exact number of sprays your cat will need by consulting the chart located beneath the pull-away label on your bottle of Frontline Spray. Larger cats will need more Frontline Spray. Cats getting sprayed with the larger (250 milliliter) bottle will need fewer sprays than a cat of equal weight getting sprayed with the smaller (100 milliliter) bottle. 2-4. Spray the cat. Hold the cat still by grabbing them by the scruff of their neck. Ruffle the cat’s fur with the hand that is not holding the spray bottle to ensure the spray reaches the cat’s skin. With the nozzle about three inches (five centimeters) from the cat’s body, spray the requisite number of pumps onto the cat by depressing the handle on the squeezable bottle. Spray evenly across their body so as not to apply an excessive amount to just one spot. Rotate the nozzle clockwise to deliver Frontline in a cone of spray. Rotate the nozzle counterclockwise to deliver the spray in a more concentrated way. Start at the back of the neck and work your way down the length of the cat’s body. Ensure that the cat's head, body, legs, chest, and tail all receive the spray. Do not spray the medicine directly in the cat’s face, ears, or eyes. To apply Frontline Spray to a cat’s face, spray a bit on your glove or onto a cloth, then gently apply it to the face, taking care to avoid the eyes and ears. You might want a friend or family member to restrain the cat while you administer the spray. Hold the cat still for a few minutes after administering the spray until it dries. 2-5. Identify how long to wait before treating your cat again. If your cat has ticks, you should administer Frontline Spray once every four weeks. If your cat has hypersensitivity to fleas or is sporting a high flea population, you should also apply Frontline Spray once every four weeks. If your cat is getting a low or medium dose of spray, you can administer it in slightly longer intervals of six weeks before giving your cat another dose. 3. Preventing Tick and Flea Infestations 3-1. Limit your cat’s outdoor time. When cats wander about outdoors — especially when they encounter strange cats or dogs — the likelihood that they will contract fleas or ticks increases. But even extended time alone in their own backyard can increase your cat’s risk for fleas and ticks, since these bugs can be found anywhere, especially during spring, summer, and fall. 3-2. Feed your pet supplements. Keeping your pet healthy with a well-balanced diet and good nutrition gives them healthy skin that could help control flea infestations. Vitamins C and B are the most effective at keeping your cat’s skin healthy. Feed your cat a chewable vitamin B or C (available at your local pet store), or add a liquid vitamin supplement to their water. Avoid feeding your cat meaty cat foods, as these are usually made with low-quality meats that are unfit for human consumption. You could also add a spoonful of coconut oil to your cat’s food or water to keep their skin healthy. 3-3. Check your cat regularly for fleas and ticks. After your cat comes back inside, part their fur and look for small brown or black spots that could be bugs. Pay attention to prolonged scratching, chewing, or licking behavior that might indicate the presence of fleas or ticks. After walking about outside, you should also check your clothing for fleas and ticks to avoid bringing them in with you. Wash your cat regularly. After drying them, comb them thoroughly with a flea comb to remove potential bugs. Place any fleas you find in a jar, then seal the jar and place it in the freezer to kill them. Tips For best results, use Frontline products during the beginning of flea and tick season Warnings Do not throw unused portions into a trash can. Contact your local solid waste company for proper disposal. Check with your veterinarian before using Frontline on pregnant or nursing cats. Do not spray the medicine directly in the cat’s face or near their eyes. Wait 24 hours after applying Frontline before allowing your pet to swim. Also wait 24 hours before bathing your pet.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:24", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Applying Frontline Plus\\n1-1. Ensure Frontline is right for your cat.\\nYou can use Frontline Plus on your cat if they are eight weeks old or older and weigh more than 2.2 lbs (1kg). Talk to your veterinarian before administering Frontline Plus to cats who have other medical problems, or cats that are aged, breeding, pregnant, nursing, or taking other medications.\\nAlways read the instructions for use before applying.\\nIf your cat has skin lesions or irritation, talk to your vet before applying Frontline Plus.\\n1-2. Ready the Frontline Plus.\\nIf your cat is wearing a collar, remove it. Remove the applicator from the package. Holding the applicator upright, flick the neck to ensure the product is in the main body of the applicator, not the tip. Break off the end of the tube at the score line by snapping it away from your face and body.\\n1-3. Apply the medication.\\nHold the cat securely so they cannot move. You might need a friend or family member to hold the cat for you while you apply Frontline Plus. Part the cat's hair on the back of their neck so the skin is exposed. Place the tip of the applicator on the cat’s skin and gently squeeze the applicator until it is empty.\\nApplying Frontline Plus to the area between the shoulder blades is important because that is an area out the cat's reach, where it will not be pawed at or licked off.\\nDo not apply Frontline Plus to your cat’s fur. The medicine is absorbed through the skin, and will not work if it only soaks the pet’s fur.\\n1-4. Follow appropriate aftercare guidelines.\\nAfter you’ve administered Frontline Plus to your cat, do not allow the animal to go swimming or bathe for at least 24 hours. Frontline Plus is also flammable, so keep your cat away from open heat or flame for 24 hours after administering.\\nFrontline might cause irritation at the application site. Don’t worry if you see your cat itching or scratching immediately after using the medication; however, if itching or irritation persists, contact your veterinarian.\\nDo not use Frontline Plus on your cat more than once per month. If you continue to have flea or tick infestations, re-apply the medication after one month.\\n2. Applying Frontline Spray\\n2-1. Use caution.\\nBefore applying Frontline Spray, put on latex or rubber gloves. Find a well-ventilated area to administer the spray. Wear a long-sleeved shirt to prevent the spray from getting on your skin.\\nIf you get the spray on your skin or clothing, take the clothing off and rinse your skin beneath running water for about 15 minutes.\\nIf you get it in your eyes, rinse your eyes under running water for about 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present, after five minutes. Call your doctor for further treatment.\\nDo not use the spray on cats younger than eight weeks old.\\nAfter spraying your cat, keep them away from intense heat or open flame, since the medicated spray is flammable.\\n2-2. Select the dose rate.\\nThe dose rate is either short, medium, or high. Knowing the dose rate your cat needs will help you decide how many pumps of the Frontline Spray to apply.\\nUse a low dose rate (six pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or two pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) when your cat has short, fine fur, healthy skin, and few or no fleas.\\nUse a medium dose (nine pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or three pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) if your cat has short or medium-thick fur or a moderate flea population.\\nUse a high dose (12 pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or four pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) when the cat has lots of fleas, thick or long fur, hypersensitivity to fleas, or has ticks.\\n2-3. Determine the number of sprays your cat needs.\\nThe number of sprays you’ll use depends on the size of your cat and the size of your Frontline Spray bottle. You can determine the exact number of sprays your cat will need by consulting the chart located beneath the pull-away label on your bottle of Frontline Spray.\\nLarger cats will need more Frontline Spray.\\nCats getting sprayed with the larger (250 milliliter) bottle will need fewer sprays than a cat of equal weight getting sprayed with the smaller (100 milliliter) bottle.\\n2-4. Spray the cat.\\nHold the cat still by grabbing them by the scruff of their neck. Ruffle the cat’s fur with the hand that is not holding the spray bottle to ensure the spray reaches the cat’s skin. With the nozzle about three inches (five centimeters) from the cat’s body, spray the requisite number of pumps onto the cat by depressing the handle on the squeezable bottle. Spray evenly across their body so as not to apply an excessive amount to just one spot.\\nRotate the nozzle clockwise to deliver Frontline in a cone of spray. Rotate the nozzle counterclockwise to deliver the spray in a more concentrated way.\\nStart at the back of the neck and work your way down the length of the cat’s body. Ensure that the cat's head, body, legs, chest, and tail all receive the spray.\\nDo not spray the medicine directly in the cat’s face, ears, or eyes. To apply Frontline Spray to a cat’s face, spray a bit on your glove or onto a cloth, then gently apply it to the face, taking care to avoid the eyes and ears.\\nYou might want a friend or family member to restrain the cat while you administer the spray.\\nHold the cat still for a few minutes after administering the spray until it dries.\\n2-5. Identify how long to wait before treating your cat again.\\nIf your cat has ticks, you should administer Frontline Spray once every four weeks. If your cat has hypersensitivity to fleas or is sporting a high flea population, you should also apply Frontline Spray once every four weeks. If your cat is getting a low or medium dose of spray, you can administer it in slightly longer intervals of six weeks before giving your cat another dose.\\n3. Preventing Tick and Flea Infestations\\n3-1. Limit your cat’s outdoor time.\\nWhen cats wander about outdoors — especially when they encounter strange cats or dogs — the likelihood that they will contract fleas or ticks increases. But even extended time alone in their own backyard can increase your cat’s risk for fleas and ticks, since these bugs can be found anywhere, especially during spring, summer, and fall.\\n3-2. Feed your pet supplements.\\nKeeping your pet healthy with a well-balanced diet and good nutrition gives them healthy skin that could help control flea infestations. Vitamins C and B are the most effective at keeping your cat’s skin healthy.\\nFeed your cat a chewable vitamin B or C (available at your local pet store), or add a liquid vitamin supplement to their water.\\nAvoid feeding your cat meaty cat foods, as these are usually made with low-quality meats that are unfit for human consumption.\\nYou could also add a spoonful of coconut oil to your cat’s food or water to keep their skin healthy.\\n3-3. Check your cat regularly for fleas and ticks.\\nAfter your cat comes back inside, part their fur and look for small brown or black spots that could be bugs. Pay attention to prolonged scratching, chewing, or licking behavior that might indicate the presence of fleas or ticks.\\nAfter walking about outside, you should also check your clothing for fleas and ticks to avoid bringing them in with you.\\nWash your cat regularly. After drying them, comb them thoroughly with a flea comb to remove potential bugs. Place any fleas you find in a jar, then seal the jar and place it in the freezer to kill them.\\nTips\\nFor best results, use Frontline products during the beginning of flea and tick season\\nWarnings\\nDo not throw unused portions into a trash can. Contact your local solid waste company for proper disposal.\\nCheck with your veterinarian before using Frontline on pregnant or nursing cats.\\nDo not spray the medicine directly in the cat’s face or near their eyes.\\nWait 24 hours after applying Frontline before allowing your pet to swim. Also wait 24 hours before bathing your pet.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Frontline is a product line designed to get rid of fleas and ticks on house pets. Frontline Plus is a liquid applied with a simple disposable bottle. Frontline Spray is a squeezable spray bottle filled with the same medicated solution to fight and prevent ticks and fleas. In either form, Frontline is a useful tool for any pet owner who wants to keep their cats healthy.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Applying Frontline Plus\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ensure Frontline is right for your cat.\", \"描述\": \"You can use Frontline Plus on your cat if they are eight weeks old or older and weigh more than 2.2 lbs (1kg). Talk to your veterinarian before administering Frontline Plus to cats who have other medical problems, or cats that are aged, breeding, pregnant, nursing, or taking other medications.\\nAlways read the instructions for use before applying.\\nIf your cat has skin lesions or irritation, talk to your vet before applying Frontline Plus.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ready the Frontline Plus.\", \"描述\": \"If your cat is wearing a collar, remove it. Remove the applicator from the package. Holding the applicator upright, flick the neck to ensure the product is in the main body of the applicator, not the tip. Break off the end of the tube at the score line by snapping it away from your face and body.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apply the medication.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the cat securely so they cannot move. You might need a friend or family member to hold the cat for you while you apply Frontline Plus. Part the cat's hair on the back of their neck so the skin is exposed. Place the tip of the applicator on the cat’s skin and gently squeeze the applicator until it is empty.\\nApplying Frontline Plus to the area between the shoulder blades is important because that is an area out the cat's reach, where it will not be pawed at or licked off.\\nDo not apply Frontline Plus to your cat’s fur. The medicine is absorbed through the skin, and will not work if it only soaks the pet’s fur.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Follow appropriate aftercare guidelines.\", \"描述\": \"After you’ve administered Frontline Plus to your cat, do not allow the animal to go swimming or bathe for at least 24 hours. Frontline Plus is also flammable, so keep your cat away from open heat or flame for 24 hours after administering.\\nFrontline might cause irritation at the application site. Don’t worry if you see your cat itching or scratching immediately after using the medication; however, if itching or irritation persists, contact your veterinarian.\\nDo not use Frontline Plus on your cat more than once per month. If you continue to have flea or tick infestations, re-apply the medication after one month.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Applying Frontline Spray\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use caution.\", \"描述\": \"Before applying Frontline Spray, put on latex or rubber gloves. Find a well-ventilated area to administer the spray. Wear a long-sleeved shirt to prevent the spray from getting on your skin.\\nIf you get the spray on your skin or clothing, take the clothing off and rinse your skin beneath running water for about 15 minutes.\\nIf you get it in your eyes, rinse your eyes under running water for about 15 minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present, after five minutes. Call your doctor for further treatment.\\nDo not use the spray on cats younger than eight weeks old.\\nAfter spraying your cat, keep them away from intense heat or open flame, since the medicated spray is flammable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Select the dose rate.\", \"描述\": \"The dose rate is either short, medium, or high. Knowing the dose rate your cat needs will help you decide how many pumps of the Frontline Spray to apply.\\nUse a low dose rate (six pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or two pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) when your cat has short, fine fur, healthy skin, and few or no fleas.\\nUse a medium dose (nine pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or three pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) if your cat has short or medium-thick fur or a moderate flea population.\\nUse a high dose (12 pumps of a 100 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight, or four pumps of a 250 milliliter spray per kilogram of the cat’s body weight) when the cat has lots of fleas, thick or long fur, hypersensitivity to fleas, or has ticks.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Determine the number of sprays your cat needs.\", \"描述\": \"The number of sprays you’ll use depends on the size of your cat and the size of your Frontline Spray bottle. You can determine the exact number of sprays your cat will need by consulting the chart located beneath the pull-away label on your bottle of Frontline Spray.\\nLarger cats will need more Frontline Spray.\\nCats getting sprayed with the larger (250 milliliter) bottle will need fewer sprays than a cat of equal weight getting sprayed with the smaller (100 milliliter) bottle.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Spray the cat.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the cat still by grabbing them by the scruff of their neck. Ruffle the cat’s fur with the hand that is not holding the spray bottle to ensure the spray reaches the cat’s skin. With the nozzle about three inches (five centimeters) from the cat’s body, spray the requisite number of pumps onto the cat by depressing the handle on the squeezable bottle. Spray evenly across their body so as not to apply an excessive amount to just one spot.\\nRotate the nozzle clockwise to deliver Frontline in a cone of spray. Rotate the nozzle counterclockwise to deliver the spray in a more concentrated way.\\nStart at the back of the neck and work your way down the length of the cat’s body. Ensure that the cat's head, body, legs, chest, and tail all receive the spray.\\nDo not spray the medicine directly in the cat’s face, ears, or eyes. To apply Frontline Spray to a cat’s face, spray a bit on your glove or onto a cloth, then gently apply it to the face, taking care to avoid the eyes and ears.\\nYou might want a friend or family member to restrain the cat while you administer the spray.\\nHold the cat still for a few minutes after administering the spray until it dries.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Identify how long to wait before treating your cat again.\", \"描述\": \"If your cat has ticks, you should administer Frontline Spray once every four weeks. If your cat has hypersensitivity to fleas or is sporting a high flea population, you should also apply Frontline Spray once every four weeks. If your cat is getting a low or medium dose of spray, you can administer it in slightly longer intervals of six weeks before giving your cat another dose.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Preventing Tick and Flea Infestations\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Limit your cat’s outdoor time.\", \"描述\": \"When cats wander about outdoors — especially when they encounter strange cats or dogs — the likelihood that they will contract fleas or ticks increases. But even extended time alone in their own backyard can increase your cat’s risk for fleas and ticks, since these bugs can be found anywhere, especially during spring, summer, and fall.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Feed your pet supplements.\", \"描述\": \"Keeping your pet healthy with a well-balanced diet and good nutrition gives them healthy skin that could help control flea infestations. Vitamins C and B are the most effective at keeping your cat’s skin healthy.\\nFeed your cat a chewable vitamin B or C (available at your local pet store), or add a liquid vitamin supplement to their water.\\nAvoid feeding your cat meaty cat foods, as these are usually made with low-quality meats that are unfit for human consumption.\\nYou could also add a spoonful of coconut oil to your cat’s food or water to keep their skin healthy.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check your cat regularly for fleas and ticks.\", \"描述\": \"After your cat comes back inside, part their fur and look for small brown or black spots that could be bugs. Pay attention to prolonged scratching, chewing, or licking behavior that might indicate the presence of fleas or ticks.\\nAfter walking about outside, you should also check your clothing for fleas and ticks to avoid bringing them in with you.\\nWash your cat regularly. After drying them, comb them thoroughly with a flea comb to remove potential bugs. Place any fleas you find in a jar, then seal the jar and place it in the freezer to kill them.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"For best results, use Frontline products during the beginning of flea and tick season\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not throw unused portions into a trash can. Contact your local solid waste company for proper disposal.\\n\", \"Check with your veterinarian before using Frontline on pregnant or nursing cats.\\n\", \"Do not spray the medicine directly in the cat’s face or near their eyes.\\n\", \"Wait 24 hours after applying Frontline before allowing your pet to swim. Also wait 24 hours before bathing your pet.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,470
How to Administer General Anesthesia
1. Preparing to Administer Anesthesia 1-1. Review the patient’s medical record. Before administering anesthesia, the anesthesiologist will review the patient’s medical record. This review process helps to ensure that the medications the patient receives is the safest and most effective for each for. The anesthesiologist will look at a patient’s: Age Weight Medical history Current medications including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, and herbal supplements Prior anesthetic records, if available Recent medical studies or specialist visits relevant to the type of anesthetic planned (for example, recent cardiology notes, echo reports) Other relevant medical history and details relevant to the type of anesthesia planned Allergies to medications and to food products 1-2. Ask the patient about medications. Next, the anesthesiologist will speak with the patient. The anesthesiologist will let the patient know what to expect and about the potential side effects of these medications. It is important for the anesthesiologist to know about any past reactions to anesthetics. If a patient has had a bad reaction to any anesthetic agents in the past or if the patient has a significant family history of problems with anesthesia, the anesthesiologist may choose to use different medications. 1-3. Interview the patient about alcohol, cigarette, and recreational drug use. The anesthesiologist will ask the patient about the patient's current use of alcohol, cigarettes, and recreational drugs. All of these substances have the potential to affect the way that a patient responds to anesthesia, so it is crucial for the anesthesiologist to learn this information. Cigarettes affect the heart and lungs, which can affect the type of anesthesia chosen and recovery process. Chronic obstructive lung disease can significantly impact a patient’s ability to recover from intubation. It is recommended to quit smoking at least eight weeks prior to any anesthetic to improve outcomes from anesthesia and to decrease the risk of surgical infection. Alcohol affects the liver, heart, lungs, and blood, which are important in the administration of anesthesia. Chronic liver disease can significantly impact the choice and outcomes of anesthesia. Current or past use of recreational drugs, such as cocaine, marijuana, or amphetamines, is important information for an anesthesiologist to learn. If cocaine or amphetamines are present in the bloodstream, they can lead to dangerous changes in blood pressure and even death under general anesthesia. Remember that all conversations between patient and doctor or anesthesiologist are confidential. Not sharing this information it could increase the possibility of negative side effects from the surgery, including death — make sure the patient knows how essential it is that he be honest with you. 1-4. Confirm that the patient has abstained from food and fluid as instructed. Doctors instruct patients to abstain from food and fluid for a specific amount of time before surgery. However, the anesthesiologist will often confirm this information. Any food in the stomach during surgery increases the risk of aspiration during surgery. This is the medical term for when food and gastric contents rise up into the esophagus and enters the lungs during surgery. Even candy or chewing gum without swallowing can increase a patient’s risk of aspiration Because general anesthesia also puts to sleep the musculature in your body you won’t have a gag reflex and will not be able to cough to protect your lungs. Do NOT eat or drink anything during the time period your surgeon gives you prior to surgery. Aspiration can lead to prolonged intubation and ICU stays, and sometimes even death. 2. Administering General Anesthesia 2-1. Place an IV. Prior to being taken to the surgical suite a nurse or anesthesiologist will put an intravenous line (IV) into the patient’s arm. The intravenous (IV) line in the patient’s arm will be used during surgery. In many cases a second IV is inserted in the other arm after the patient is under anesthesia. The patient may receive a sedative in the preoperative area before moving to surgery. The sedative will help the patient to relax. An anesthetist may have to use more medication to achieve general anesthesia if a patient is highly anxious. Prior to surgery, the patient will go to sleep by receiving general anesthetics through the IV and sometimes through a face mask as well. Delivering the anesthesia through the mask alone is also an option that may be used in some cases. For example, if the patient is a child who is afraid of needles, then a mask may be used to administer medications. This option, called “mask induction,” is not often used in adults or larger children, because it can be less effective and risky to induce general anesthesia without first securing an IV. 2-2. Intubate the patient. Because many anesthetic medications will prevent patients from breathing adequately on their own, the anesthesiologist will want to secure the patient’s airway, usually with either a laryngeal mask airway or an endotracheal tube. Placement of an endotracheal tube is called intubation. In this procedure, the anesthesiologist will place a tube into the patient’s trachea in order to protect the lungs and help the patient breathe during surgery. This tube will be hooked up to a machine that will help the patient breathe during the procedure. The endotracheal tube used in intubation is a flexible plastic tube that goes through the patient’s mouth with the help of an instrument called a laryngoscope. This instrument helps the anesthesiologist lift up the tongue and pharynx, or tissues of the mouth, in order to see well enough to pass the tube into the patient’s lungs. Because intubation usually happens when the patient is asleep, patients may occasionally have a cut lip or chipped tooth if placement of the endotracheal tube was difficult. It is important for patients to notify their anesthesiologist if they have loose teeth, which can increase this risk. After surgery, some patients will have a sore throat from the endotracheal tube. This can last one to two days and is a normal side effect of intubation 2-3. Be aware of the potential complications from intubation. Complications from placing the tube down the esophagus toward the stomach instead of the lungs will result in inadequate oxygenation, brain damage and possibly death. For this reason a qualified and experienced physician places the endotracheal tube and checks placement before the start of surgery. Other complications from endotracheal intubation include: Knocking out a tooth during insertion of the tube, or intubation Damage to the lips, teeth or tongue Low blood pressure from the anesthetic medications Lung infection, such as pneumonia, more so with prolonged intubation 2-4. Take extra precautions if the patient is at risk for complications from intubation. Some patients are at a higher risk of complications from intubation, which is why it is so important to review the patient’s medical history and perform a physical exam. Patients that are at high risk for a difficult intubation may require an awake intubation, which can be performed with numbing medicine and sedation. This is done to ensure the patient’s safety, and after the endotracheal tube is in place, the anesthesiologist will then provide anesthesia medications.Factors that increase the risk of difficult intubation include: Neck or cervical spine injury that limits flexion or extension of the neck Thick neck circumference Small mouth opening Small chin or inability to move the jaw forward Previous head or neck radiation or surgery Recent meal 2-5. Monitor the patient’s vitals. Once the patient is under anesthesia from IV or inhaled induction, with a secure airway and appropriate ventilation, the anesthesiologist will monitor the patient’s vital signs and treat the patient with a variety of medications and fluids to keep her stable throughout surgery. The anesthesiologist will communicate with the surgeon throughout the procedure to ensure the patient’s safety. The vital signs that the anesthesiologist will monitor include: Oxygen saturation levels Heart rate and rhythm Blood pressure Respiratory rate Body temperature Blood loss Urine output, depending on the type of surgery Central venous pressure, depending on the type of surgery Cardiac output and other invasive cardiac monitoring, depending on the patient or type of surgery 3. Waking Up After General Anesthesia 3-1. Keep the patient under anesthesia until the procedure is over. The patient will continue to receive medication to stay sedated until the surgeon has completed his or her procedure. After the procedure is complete, the anesthesiologist will reduce the use of the medication. Before removing the endotracheal tube the anesthesiologist will ensure that the patient: Is breathing adequately without assistance Has stable vital signs Has had appropriate medications and reversal agents, if necessary Can follow basic commands and demonstrate good muscle strength, usually by lifting his or her head or squeezing somebody’s hands 3-2. Take the patient to the recovery room. After the endotracheal tube has been removed and the patient has been woken up completely, the patient will be taken to the recovery room. In the recovery room, expert nurses will monitor the patient’s vital signs (oxygen saturation, heart rate and rhythm, blood pressure, and temperature) to ensure that everything is normal. The nurse will also monitor for and treat common side effects of anesthesia and surgery, including pain and nausea. 3-3. Watch for common side effects. Like any other medical procedure, there can be side effects from general anesthesia. Most of these side effects will go away soon after surgery, but if any of these side effects are severe or persistent, seek medical attention right away. Common side effects of general anesthesia include: Nausea Vomiting Sore throat Confusion Muscle aches Chills/shivering Itching 3-4. Seek immediate medical treatment for more serious side effects. Some patients may also experience more serious side effects from general anesthesia that require medical care from a doctor. Serious side effects that require medical attention include: Difficulty breathing Signs of infection, such as fever or chills Chest pain or pressure Heart palpitations New weakness Arm or leg swelling and/or fatigue, which can be signs of heart failure 3-5. Be aware of the potential for serious complications. After surgery, you may be at higher risk for developing other more serious complications. Notify a doctor right away if the patient suffers from any complications. Some complications to watch out for include: Postoperative delirium. This complication causes confusion and memory loss which can last longer than a few hours. Some patients are at a higher risk, such as people who are transferred to intensive care after surgery, as well as those with heart disease, lung disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, or who have had a stroke. 4. Understanding Other Types of Anesthesia 4-1. Learn about local anesthesia. Unlike general anesthesia, local anesthesia will only numb a small part of the body. This type of anesthesia is used only for minor procedures. The patient may be awake during the procedure. 4-2. Find out about regional anesthesia. Regional anesthesia will block the perception of pain from a larger portion of the patient's body. In this case the patient may also receive a sedative. Regional anesthesia can be provided as an alternative to general anesthesia, or sometimes in combination with general anesthesia. There are two types of regional anesthesia. Peripheral nerve block. In this procedure, anesthetic is injected adjacent to a specific group of nerves. Epidural or spinal anesthesia. In this procedure, local anesthesia is injected near the spinal cord, which blocks pain from the nerves in the spine. This will block pain in a region of the body such as the chest wall, hips, legs or belly. 4-3. Ask about conscious sedation. Conscious sedation is a type of anesthesia involving sedation without being entirely "asleep" or unconscious. This option allows a patient to be somewhat sedated and comfortable while undergoing surgery. Most of the time a nurse, doctor or dentist will administer the sedation using a medication that wears off quickly. The medication is given through an IV and requires monitoring every three to five minutes. The patient will likely get oxygen through a mask during the procedure. Patients often fall asleep but will wake easily and respond to people in the room upon waking. Some medications used also induce amnesia so the patient may not remember much about the procedure. The patient may hear voices and drift in and out of sleep, all of which would be normal for conscious sedation. Awareness during conscious sedation does not mean the patient “woke up” during surgery and it is an expected part of this mild type of sedation. Tips Talk to your doctor if you have concerns about getting general anesthesia or about surgery in general. Finding out more about the procedures may help you to feel less anxious. Anesthesia is complicated, which is why it takes eight years of medical training before a physician can provide anesthesia. Talk to your anesthesiologist about the risks of undergoing general anesthesia. Warnings Only licensed doctors or certified registered nurse anesthetists should ever administer anesthesia. Small errors can result in the death of a patient.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:25", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing to Administer Anesthesia\\n1-1. Review the patient’s medical record.\\nBefore administering anesthesia, the anesthesiologist will review the patient’s medical record. This review process helps to ensure that the medications the patient receives is the safest and most effective for each for. The anesthesiologist will look at a patient’s:\\nAge\\nWeight\\nMedical history\\nCurrent medications including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, and herbal supplements\\nPrior anesthetic records, if available\\nRecent medical studies or specialist visits relevant to the type of anesthetic planned (for example, recent cardiology notes, echo reports)\\nOther relevant medical history and details relevant to the type of anesthesia planned\\nAllergies to medications and to food products\\n1-2. Ask the patient about medications.\\nNext, the anesthesiologist will speak with the patient. The anesthesiologist will let the patient know what to expect and about the potential side effects of these medications.\\nIt is important for the anesthesiologist to know about any past reactions to anesthetics. If a patient has had a bad reaction to any anesthetic agents in the past or if the patient has a significant family history of problems with anesthesia, the anesthesiologist may choose to use different medications.\\n1-3. Interview the patient about alcohol, cigarette, and recreational drug use.\\nThe anesthesiologist will ask the patient about the patient's current use of alcohol, cigarettes, and recreational drugs. All of these substances have the potential to affect the way that a patient responds to anesthesia, so it is crucial for the anesthesiologist to learn this information.\\nCigarettes affect the heart and lungs, which can affect the type of anesthesia chosen and recovery process. Chronic obstructive lung disease can significantly impact a patient’s ability to recover from intubation. It is recommended to quit smoking at least eight weeks prior to any anesthetic to improve outcomes from anesthesia and to decrease the risk of surgical infection.\\nAlcohol affects the liver, heart, lungs, and blood, which are important in the administration of anesthesia. Chronic liver disease can significantly impact the choice and outcomes of anesthesia.\\nCurrent or past use of recreational drugs, such as cocaine, marijuana, or amphetamines, is important information for an anesthesiologist to learn. If cocaine or amphetamines are present in the bloodstream, they can lead to dangerous changes in blood pressure and even death under general anesthesia.\\nRemember that all conversations between patient and doctor or anesthesiologist are confidential. Not sharing this information it could increase the possibility of negative side effects from the surgery, including death — make sure the patient knows how essential it is that he be honest with you.\\n1-4. Confirm that the patient has abstained from food and fluid as instructed.\\nDoctors instruct patients to abstain from food and fluid for a specific amount of time before surgery. However, the anesthesiologist will often confirm this information.\\nAny food in the stomach during surgery increases the risk of aspiration during surgery. This is the medical term for when food and gastric contents rise up into the esophagus and enters the lungs during surgery. Even candy or chewing gum without swallowing can increase a patient’s risk of aspiration\\nBecause general anesthesia also puts to sleep the musculature in your body you won’t have a gag reflex and will not be able to cough to protect your lungs. Do NOT eat or drink anything during the time period your surgeon gives you prior to surgery. Aspiration can lead to prolonged intubation and ICU stays, and sometimes even death.\\n2. Administering General Anesthesia\\n2-1. Place an IV.\\nPrior to being taken to the surgical suite a nurse or anesthesiologist will put an intravenous line (IV) into the patient’s arm. The intravenous (IV) line in the patient’s arm will be used during surgery. In many cases a second IV is inserted in the other arm after the patient is under anesthesia.\\nThe patient may receive a sedative in the preoperative area before moving to surgery. The sedative will help the patient to relax. An anesthetist may have to use more medication to achieve general anesthesia if a patient is highly anxious.\\nPrior to surgery, the patient will go to sleep by receiving general anesthetics through the IV and sometimes through a face mask as well. Delivering the anesthesia through the mask alone is also an option that may be used in some cases. For example, if the patient is a child who is afraid of needles, then a mask may be used to administer medications.\\nThis option, called “mask induction,” is not often used in adults or larger children, because it can be less effective and risky to induce general anesthesia without first securing an IV.\\n2-2. Intubate the patient.\\nBecause many anesthetic medications will prevent patients from breathing adequately on their own, the anesthesiologist will want to secure the patient’s airway, usually with either a laryngeal mask airway or an endotracheal tube. Placement of an endotracheal tube is called intubation. In this procedure, the anesthesiologist will place a tube into the patient’s trachea in order to protect the lungs and help the patient breathe during surgery. This tube will be hooked up to a machine that will help the patient breathe during the procedure.\\nThe endotracheal tube used in intubation is a flexible plastic tube that goes through the patient’s mouth with the help of an instrument called a laryngoscope. This instrument helps the anesthesiologist lift up the tongue and pharynx, or tissues of the mouth, in order to see well enough to pass the tube into the patient’s lungs.\\nBecause intubation usually happens when the patient is asleep, patients may occasionally have a cut lip or chipped tooth if placement of the endotracheal tube was difficult. It is important for patients to notify their anesthesiologist if they have loose teeth, which can increase this risk.\\nAfter surgery, some patients will have a sore throat from the endotracheal tube. This can last one to two days and is a normal side effect of intubation\\n2-3. Be aware of the potential complications from intubation.\\nComplications from placing the tube down the esophagus toward the stomach instead of the lungs will result in inadequate oxygenation, brain damage and possibly death. For this reason a qualified and experienced physician places the endotracheal tube and checks placement before the start of surgery. Other complications from endotracheal intubation include:\\nKnocking out a tooth during insertion of the tube, or intubation\\nDamage to the lips, teeth or tongue\\nLow blood pressure from the anesthetic medications\\nLung infection, such as pneumonia, more so with prolonged intubation\\n2-4. Take extra precautions if the patient is at risk for complications from intubation.\\nSome patients are at a higher risk of complications from intubation, which is why it is so important to review the patient’s medical history and perform a physical exam. Patients that are at high risk for a difficult intubation may require an awake intubation, which can be performed with numbing medicine and sedation. This is done to ensure the patient’s safety, and after the endotracheal tube is in place, the anesthesiologist will then provide anesthesia medications.Factors that increase the risk of difficult intubation include:\\nNeck or cervical spine injury that limits flexion or extension of the neck\\nThick neck circumference\\nSmall mouth opening\\nSmall chin or inability to move the jaw forward\\nPrevious head or neck radiation or surgery\\nRecent meal\\n2-5. Monitor the patient’s vitals.\\nOnce the patient is under anesthesia from IV or inhaled induction, with a secure airway and appropriate ventilation, the anesthesiologist will monitor the patient’s vital signs and treat the patient with a variety of medications and fluids to keep her stable throughout surgery. The anesthesiologist will communicate with the surgeon throughout the procedure to ensure the patient’s safety. The vital signs that the anesthesiologist will monitor include:\\nOxygen saturation levels\\nHeart rate and rhythm\\nBlood pressure\\nRespiratory rate\\nBody temperature\\nBlood loss\\nUrine output, depending on the type of surgery\\nCentral venous pressure, depending on the type of surgery\\nCardiac output and other invasive cardiac monitoring, depending on the patient or type of surgery\\n3. Waking Up After General Anesthesia\\n3-1. Keep the patient under anesthesia until the procedure is over.\\nThe patient will continue to receive medication to stay sedated until the surgeon has completed his or her procedure. After the procedure is complete, the anesthesiologist will reduce the use of the medication. Before removing the endotracheal tube the anesthesiologist will ensure that the patient:\\nIs breathing adequately without assistance\\nHas stable vital signs\\nHas had appropriate medications and reversal agents, if necessary\\nCan follow basic commands and demonstrate good muscle strength, usually by lifting his or her head or squeezing somebody’s hands\\n3-2. Take the patient to the recovery room.\\nAfter the endotracheal tube has been removed and the patient has been woken up completely, the patient will be taken to the recovery room. In the recovery room, expert nurses will monitor the patient’s vital signs (oxygen saturation, heart rate and rhythm, blood pressure, and temperature) to ensure that everything is normal. The nurse will also monitor for and treat common side effects of anesthesia and surgery, including pain and nausea.\\n3-3. Watch for common side effects.\\nLike any other medical procedure, there can be side effects from general anesthesia. Most of these side effects will go away soon after surgery, but if any of these side effects are severe or persistent, seek medical attention right away. Common side effects of general anesthesia include:\\nNausea\\nVomiting\\nSore throat\\nConfusion\\nMuscle aches\\nChills/shivering\\nItching\\n3-4. Seek immediate medical treatment for more serious side effects.\\nSome patients may also experience more serious side effects from general anesthesia that require medical care from a doctor. Serious side effects that require medical attention include:\\nDifficulty breathing\\nSigns of infection, such as fever or chills\\nChest pain or pressure\\nHeart palpitations\\nNew weakness\\nArm or leg swelling and/or fatigue, which can be signs of heart failure\\n3-5. Be aware of the potential for serious complications.\\nAfter surgery, you may be at higher risk for developing other more serious complications. Notify a doctor right away if the patient suffers from any complications. Some complications to watch out for include:\\nPostoperative delirium. This complication causes confusion and memory loss which can last longer than a few hours. Some patients are at a higher risk, such as people who are transferred to intensive care after surgery, as well as those with heart disease, lung disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, or who have had a stroke.\\n4. Understanding Other Types of Anesthesia\\n4-1. Learn about local anesthesia.\\nUnlike general anesthesia, local anesthesia will only numb a small part of the body. This type of anesthesia is used only for minor procedures. The patient may be awake during the procedure.\\n4-2. Find out about regional anesthesia.\\nRegional anesthesia will block the perception of pain from a larger portion of the patient's body. In this case the patient may also receive a sedative. Regional anesthesia can be provided as an alternative to general anesthesia, or sometimes in combination with general anesthesia. There are two types of regional anesthesia.\\nPeripheral nerve block. In this procedure, anesthetic is injected adjacent to a specific group of nerves.\\nEpidural or spinal anesthesia. In this procedure, local anesthesia is injected near the spinal cord, which blocks pain from the nerves in the spine. This will block pain in a region of the body such as the chest wall, hips, legs or belly.\\n4-3. Ask about conscious sedation.\\nConscious sedation is a type of anesthesia involving sedation without being entirely \\\"asleep\\\" or unconscious. This option allows a patient to be somewhat sedated and comfortable while undergoing surgery.\\nMost of the time a nurse, doctor or dentist will administer the sedation using a medication that wears off quickly.\\nThe medication is given through an IV and requires monitoring every three to five minutes.\\nThe patient will likely get oxygen through a mask during the procedure.\\nPatients often fall asleep but will wake easily and respond to people in the room upon waking.\\nSome medications used also induce amnesia so the patient may not remember much about the procedure.\\nThe patient may hear voices and drift in and out of sleep, all of which would be normal for conscious sedation. Awareness during conscious sedation does not mean the patient “woke up” during surgery and it is an expected part of this mild type of sedation.\\nTips\\nTalk to your doctor if you have concerns about getting general anesthesia or about surgery in general. Finding out more about the procedures may help you to feel less anxious.\\nAnesthesia is complicated, which is why it takes eight years of medical training before a physician can provide anesthesia. Talk to your anesthesiologist about the risks of undergoing general anesthesia.\\nWarnings\\nOnly licensed doctors or certified registered nurse anesthetists should ever administer anesthesia. Small errors can result in the death of a patient.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"When a patient is placed under general anesthesia, that patient is unconscious and unaware of pain. This state is often produced using intravenous drugs and inhaled gasses that cause the patient to “sleep;” however, this state is not like regular sleep. General anesthesia should only be administered by an anesthesiologist or nurse anesthetist. This specially trained medical professional will determine the correct medications, monitor your breathing and bodily functions during surgery and will constantly treat ongoing changing physiologic processes, depending on the state of health of the patient and what is happening during surgery. The medications used to induce general anesthesia are dangerous and require the skills of an expert physician. Never attempt to use these techniques at home.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Administer Anesthesia\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Review the patient’s medical record.\", \"描述\": \"Before administering anesthesia, the anesthesiologist will review the patient’s medical record. This review process helps to ensure that the medications the patient receives is the safest and most effective for each for. The anesthesiologist will look at a patient’s:\\nAge\\nWeight\\nMedical history\\nCurrent medications including prescriptions, over-the-counter drugs, and herbal supplements\\nPrior anesthetic records, if available\\nRecent medical studies or specialist visits relevant to the type of anesthetic planned (for example, recent cardiology notes, echo reports)\\nOther relevant medical history and details relevant to the type of anesthesia planned\\nAllergies to medications and to food products\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask the patient about medications.\", \"描述\": \"Next, the anesthesiologist will speak with the patient. The anesthesiologist will let the patient know what to expect and about the potential side effects of these medications.\\nIt is important for the anesthesiologist to know about any past reactions to anesthetics. If a patient has had a bad reaction to any anesthetic agents in the past or if the patient has a significant family history of problems with anesthesia, the anesthesiologist may choose to use different medications.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Interview the patient about alcohol, cigarette, and recreational drug use.\", \"描述\": \"The anesthesiologist will ask the patient about the patient's current use of alcohol, cigarettes, and recreational drugs. All of these substances have the potential to affect the way that a patient responds to anesthesia, so it is crucial for the anesthesiologist to learn this information.\\nCigarettes affect the heart and lungs, which can affect the type of anesthesia chosen and recovery process. Chronic obstructive lung disease can significantly impact a patient’s ability to recover from intubation. It is recommended to quit smoking at least eight weeks prior to any anesthetic to improve outcomes from anesthesia and to decrease the risk of surgical infection.\\nAlcohol affects the liver, heart, lungs, and blood, which are important in the administration of anesthesia. Chronic liver disease can significantly impact the choice and outcomes of anesthesia.\\nCurrent or past use of recreational drugs, such as cocaine, marijuana, or amphetamines, is important information for an anesthesiologist to learn. If cocaine or amphetamines are present in the bloodstream, they can lead to dangerous changes in blood pressure and even death under general anesthesia.\\nRemember that all conversations between patient and doctor or anesthesiologist are confidential. Not sharing this information it could increase the possibility of negative side effects from the surgery, including death — make sure the patient knows how essential it is that he be honest with you.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Confirm that the patient has abstained from food and fluid as instructed.\", \"描述\": \"Doctors instruct patients to abstain from food and fluid for a specific amount of time before surgery. However, the anesthesiologist will often confirm this information.\\nAny food in the stomach during surgery increases the risk of aspiration during surgery. This is the medical term for when food and gastric contents rise up into the esophagus and enters the lungs during surgery. Even candy or chewing gum without swallowing can increase a patient’s risk of aspiration\\nBecause general anesthesia also puts to sleep the musculature in your body you won’t have a gag reflex and will not be able to cough to protect your lungs. Do NOT eat or drink anything during the time period your surgeon gives you prior to surgery. Aspiration can lead to prolonged intubation and ICU stays, and sometimes even death.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Administering General Anesthesia\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Place an IV.\", \"描述\": \"Prior to being taken to the surgical suite a nurse or anesthesiologist will put an intravenous line (IV) into the patient’s arm. The intravenous (IV) line in the patient’s arm will be used during surgery. In many cases a second IV is inserted in the other arm after the patient is under anesthesia.\\nThe patient may receive a sedative in the preoperative area before moving to surgery. The sedative will help the patient to relax. An anesthetist may have to use more medication to achieve general anesthesia if a patient is highly anxious.\\nPrior to surgery, the patient will go to sleep by receiving general anesthetics through the IV and sometimes through a face mask as well. Delivering the anesthesia through the mask alone is also an option that may be used in some cases. For example, if the patient is a child who is afraid of needles, then a mask may be used to administer medications.\\nThis option, called “mask induction,” is not often used in adults or larger children, because it can be less effective and risky to induce general anesthesia without first securing an IV.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Intubate the patient.\", \"描述\": \"Because many anesthetic medications will prevent patients from breathing adequately on their own, the anesthesiologist will want to secure the patient’s airway, usually with either a laryngeal mask airway or an endotracheal tube. Placement of an endotracheal tube is called intubation. In this procedure, the anesthesiologist will place a tube into the patient’s trachea in order to protect the lungs and help the patient breathe during surgery. This tube will be hooked up to a machine that will help the patient breathe during the procedure.\\nThe endotracheal tube used in intubation is a flexible plastic tube that goes through the patient’s mouth with the help of an instrument called a laryngoscope. This instrument helps the anesthesiologist lift up the tongue and pharynx, or tissues of the mouth, in order to see well enough to pass the tube into the patient’s lungs.\\nBecause intubation usually happens when the patient is asleep, patients may occasionally have a cut lip or chipped tooth if placement of the endotracheal tube was difficult. It is important for patients to notify their anesthesiologist if they have loose teeth, which can increase this risk.\\nAfter surgery, some patients will have a sore throat from the endotracheal tube. This can last one to two days and is a normal side effect of intubation\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be aware of the potential complications from intubation.\", \"描述\": \"Complications from placing the tube down the esophagus toward the stomach instead of the lungs will result in inadequate oxygenation, brain damage and possibly death. For this reason a qualified and experienced physician places the endotracheal tube and checks placement before the start of surgery. Other complications from endotracheal intubation include:\\nKnocking out a tooth during insertion of the tube, or intubation\\nDamage to the lips, teeth or tongue\\nLow blood pressure from the anesthetic medications\\nLung infection, such as pneumonia, more so with prolonged intubation\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take extra precautions if the patient is at risk for complications from intubation.\", \"描述\": \"Some patients are at a higher risk of complications from intubation, which is why it is so important to review the patient’s medical history and perform a physical exam. Patients that are at high risk for a difficult intubation may require an awake intubation, which can be performed with numbing medicine and sedation. This is done to ensure the patient’s safety, and after the endotracheal tube is in place, the anesthesiologist will then provide anesthesia medications.Factors that increase the risk of difficult intubation include:\\nNeck or cervical spine injury that limits flexion or extension of the neck\\nThick neck circumference\\nSmall mouth opening\\nSmall chin or inability to move the jaw forward\\nPrevious head or neck radiation or surgery\\nRecent meal\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Monitor the patient’s vitals.\", \"描述\": \"Once the patient is under anesthesia from IV or inhaled induction, with a secure airway and appropriate ventilation, the anesthesiologist will monitor the patient’s vital signs and treat the patient with a variety of medications and fluids to keep her stable throughout surgery. The anesthesiologist will communicate with the surgeon throughout the procedure to ensure the patient’s safety. The vital signs that the anesthesiologist will monitor include:\\nOxygen saturation levels\\nHeart rate and rhythm\\nBlood pressure\\nRespiratory rate\\nBody temperature\\nBlood loss\\nUrine output, depending on the type of surgery\\nCentral venous pressure, depending on the type of surgery\\nCardiac output and other invasive cardiac monitoring, depending on the patient or type of surgery\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Waking Up After General Anesthesia\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep the patient under anesthesia until the procedure is over.\", \"描述\": \"The patient will continue to receive medication to stay sedated until the surgeon has completed his or her procedure. After the procedure is complete, the anesthesiologist will reduce the use of the medication. Before removing the endotracheal tube the anesthesiologist will ensure that the patient:\\nIs breathing adequately without assistance\\nHas stable vital signs\\nHas had appropriate medications and reversal agents, if necessary\\nCan follow basic commands and demonstrate good muscle strength, usually by lifting his or her head or squeezing somebody’s hands\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take the patient to the recovery room.\", \"描述\": \"After the endotracheal tube has been removed and the patient has been woken up completely, the patient will be taken to the recovery room. In the recovery room, expert nurses will monitor the patient’s vital signs (oxygen saturation, heart rate and rhythm, blood pressure, and temperature) to ensure that everything is normal. The nurse will also monitor for and treat common side effects of anesthesia and surgery, including pain and nausea.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Watch for common side effects.\", \"描述\": \"Like any other medical procedure, there can be side effects from general anesthesia. Most of these side effects will go away soon after surgery, but if any of these side effects are severe or persistent, seek medical attention right away. Common side effects of general anesthesia include:\\nNausea\\nVomiting\\nSore throat\\nConfusion\\nMuscle aches\\nChills/shivering\\nItching\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Seek immediate medical treatment for more serious side effects.\", \"描述\": \"Some patients may also experience more serious side effects from general anesthesia that require medical care from a doctor. Serious side effects that require medical attention include:\\nDifficulty breathing\\nSigns of infection, such as fever or chills\\nChest pain or pressure\\nHeart palpitations\\nNew weakness\\nArm or leg swelling and/or fatigue, which can be signs of heart failure\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be aware of the potential for serious complications.\", \"描述\": \"After surgery, you may be at higher risk for developing other more serious complications. Notify a doctor right away if the patient suffers from any complications. Some complications to watch out for include:\\nPostoperative delirium. This complication causes confusion and memory loss which can last longer than a few hours. Some patients are at a higher risk, such as people who are transferred to intensive care after surgery, as well as those with heart disease, lung disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, or who have had a stroke.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Understanding Other Types of Anesthesia\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn about local anesthesia.\", \"描述\": \"Unlike general anesthesia, local anesthesia will only numb a small part of the body. This type of anesthesia is used only for minor procedures. The patient may be awake during the procedure.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find out about regional anesthesia.\", \"描述\": \"Regional anesthesia will block the perception of pain from a larger portion of the patient's body. In this case the patient may also receive a sedative. Regional anesthesia can be provided as an alternative to general anesthesia, or sometimes in combination with general anesthesia. There are two types of regional anesthesia.\\nPeripheral nerve block. In this procedure, anesthetic is injected adjacent to a specific group of nerves.\\nEpidural or spinal anesthesia. In this procedure, local anesthesia is injected near the spinal cord, which blocks pain from the nerves in the spine. This will block pain in a region of the body such as the chest wall, hips, legs or belly.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask about conscious sedation.\", \"描述\": \"Conscious sedation is a type of anesthesia involving sedation without being entirely \\\"asleep\\\" or unconscious. This option allows a patient to be somewhat sedated and comfortable while undergoing surgery.\\nMost of the time a nurse, doctor or dentist will administer the sedation using a medication that wears off quickly.\\nThe medication is given through an IV and requires monitoring every three to five minutes.\\nThe patient will likely get oxygen through a mask during the procedure.\\nPatients often fall asleep but will wake easily and respond to people in the room upon waking.\\nSome medications used also induce amnesia so the patient may not remember much about the procedure.\\nThe patient may hear voices and drift in and out of sleep, all of which would be normal for conscious sedation. Awareness during conscious sedation does not mean the patient “woke up” during surgery and it is an expected part of this mild type of sedation.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Talk to your doctor if you have concerns about getting general anesthesia or about surgery in general. Finding out more about the procedures may help you to feel less anxious.\\n\", \"Anesthesia is complicated, which is why it takes eight years of medical training before a physician can provide anesthesia. Talk to your anesthesiologist about the risks of undergoing general anesthesia.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Only licensed doctors or certified registered nurse anesthetists should ever administer anesthesia. Small errors can result in the death of a patient.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,471
How to Administer IV Fluids
1. Gathering Your Supplies 1-1. Make sure you have an IV stand. The IV stand is the tall pole with a coat hanger-like device that you will hang the IV bag on when you are preparing and administering it. In case you can’t find an IV stand and it is an emergency, your will have to hook the bag up to a place that is above the patient’s head, so that the force of gravity helps the liquid to flow downward into the person's vein. Most hospitals now have IV machines, which include the pole and hanger. 1-2. Wash your hands. Turn the faucet on and lather your hands with soap and water. Start with your palms and work to the back of your hands. Make sure that you also clean the areas between your fingers. The next step is to focus on washing from your fingers to your wrists. Finally, rinse thoroughly and pat your hands dry with a clean paper towel. Observe "clean" procedures until you don gloves. If there is no water source, rub your hands with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. 1-3. Double check the doctor’s orders again before you begin. Gather the correct IV bags, including amount of fluid and type of fluid. (The materials are collectively called an IV administration set, which includes the tourniquet, needle, IV tubing, bag(s) and all incidental items needed, such as alcohol wipes, gauze, tape, etc. ) Giving a patient the wrong IV bag could lead to a life-threatening situation, such as an allergic reaction. Giving incorrect amount or type of fluid or IV-medication is also against The Nurse Practice Act. At minimum, an R.N. can be written up for any errors. Note and Locate bag size you need. Usual bag size in hospital setting is 1,000 ccs which is run over a specific period of time. (See order.) However, an IV comes in ccs of 1,000 ; 500 ; 250 ; 100 ; and for administration of IV-medications, cc bags of 50 or 100 which is referred to as a "IV piggyback" (IVPB), while a continuous larger bag IV is referred to as the primary IV. If placed in a peripheral vein, it is a peripheral IV, while an IV attached to a central port is a central IV. Note and Locate the type of fluid needed. The most common orders can include one of these: waterW (this indicates sterile water) ; dextrose (Dex); saline(S) (e.g. normal saline); normal saline (NS) ; Ringers Lactate/ Lactated Ringers (RL or LR) ; potassium chloride. Note any percentage given in the order for the type of fluid. Some percents are standard in the industry, but you must still always make sure you pick the correct percent listed on the bag that matches the order. Make sure to get any labels that you need to fill out and adhere to the IV bag. Double check that you are giving the medication to the right patient, that you are doing it at the right date and time, that you are giving the correct medication in the correct order, and that the bag is the right volume. Redo these steps at bedside. You must redo these steps even though you checked these facts already. Always re-verify at bedside. If you have any questions at all, it is important that you ask your supervisor before continuing so that you are 100% sure you understand what you are supposed to do. Consult the physician or on-call doctor if you question the order itself. 2. Micro Details 2-1. Determine beforehand what kind of set you will need to use. A set is the tube and connector that regulate how much fluid the patient will get. A macroset is used when you are supposed to give the patient 20 drops per minute, or about 100 mL per hour. Adults generally receive a macroset. A microset is used when you want to give the patient 60 drops of IV fluid per minute. Infants, toddlers, and younger children generally need a microset. The size of the tubing (and the size of needle) that you use will also depend on the purpose for the IV. If it is an emergency situation where the patient needs fluids as quickly as possible, you will more likely choose a larger needle and tube in order to deliver the fluids and/or blood products or other medications as quickly as possible. In less urgent situations, you may choose a smaller needle and tubing. 2-2. Get the right size of needle, called the needle's gauge. The higher the needle gauge, the smaller the size of the needle. Size 14 gauge is the largest and it is usually used to correct symptoms of shock and trauma. Size 18-20 is the usual kind of needle used by adult patients. Size 22 is usually used on pediatric patients (such as infants, toddlers, and young children) or geriatric patients with . 2-3. Gather your other supplies. These include a tourniquet (to help locate the vein you will insert the needle into), tape or medical adhesives (to keep all of the equipment in place once the needle is inserted), alcohol swabs (to sterilize the equipment), and labels (to keep track of the time of administration, the type of IV fluid, and the person who inserted the IV line). Always wear gloves for standard protection against blood and body fluid exposure. 2-4. Put all of your supplies on a tray. When the time comes to give the patient the IV, you will want to have all of your supplies right there. This will ensure that the procedure is done as quickly and easily as possible. You cannot stop in the middle of this procedure to go run for something you've forgotten. 3. Preparing the IV 3-1. Prepare the IV bag. Locate the port of entry (this is located at the top of the IV bottle and is similar to a bottle cap). The port of entry is also where the macroset or microset line will be inserted. Unwrap an alcohol swab to sanitize the port of entry and the surrounding area of the bag. If you ever get confused while assembling the IV bag, there should be instructions written on the bag that you can follow. However, if you have any questions, stop what you're doing and find someone who knows what to do. Make sure the valve flow is set to "off" (you learn which way to move the slide on the tubing by experience). You want it set to stop the fluid from freely flowing until you've got the tubing inserted into the bag and the bag hung. 3-2. Pipe or insert the macroset or microset through the IV bag then hang it on the IV stand. Ensure that the drip chamber is in place (this is the part of the IV line that collects the fluid going through the patient’s vein). This is also the part where medical personnel are able to regulate the IV to make sure the patient gets the right medication. IV pumps, or infusion pumps, are often used to help deliver a precise dose for the proper amount of time. 3-3. Hold the needle end of the tubing over the waste basket. Be careful that no part of the tubing touches the floor or any surface other than the patient's bed / mattress. Open the flow control--slowly--and let the fluid run through the tubing. Get rid of any air bubbles in the line. Make sure that the drip chamber is half filled. Once it is half filled, let the fluid in the IV flow until it reaches the end of the line (this is to remove any air bubbles are are trapped in the line). Close the flow control when the fluid reaches the end. To "close" you will use the control valve to clamp the tube. This is also termed as priming the IV tubing. This is an essential step, because inserting any air or air bubble into the patient could be fatal. 3-4. Make sure the line does not touch the floor. The floor could have bad bacteria on it, even if mopped each day. The IV is sterile (as in it does not have any bad microorganisms on it). If the line touches the floor, the fluid in the IV could be compromised (meaning bad microorganisms could get into it and infect the patient). If the IV line does touch the floor, you will have to prepare a new IV, as the contaminated IV could potentially harm your patient. Keep the IV line close so that it does not touch the floor again. 4. Giving the Patient the IV 4-1. Approach the patient. Be courteous, introduce yourself and tell him that you will be the one administering his IV fluids. It's best to lay all of the facts out for your patient — the needle puncturing his skin will hurt. It may sting, burn, or be uncomfortable for a short bit. Try to describe it so that he knows what he is getting into. 4-2. Position the patient. Ask the patient to sit or lie down on the medical bed or chair, whichever she prefers. Lying or sitting calms the patient and can reduce the amount of pain he will feel. It also ensures that she is in a stable position where she won't pass out if he has a psychological fear of needles. Wash your hands again to ensure extra cleanliness. Put on your gloves — this can also help reassure the patient that you care about her health and protecting her against unnecessary exposure to bacteria. 4-3. Look for the best place to insert the cannula. The cannula is the tube-like structure that you will insert at the same time as the needle, but the cannula stays in place after you take the needle out. You should look for a vein on the non-dominant arm (the one the person doesn't write with). You should look for a long, dark vein that you will easily be able to see when you are inserting the needle. Start by looking for veins lower down on the arm, or even on the back of the hand. Starting lower down will give you more "chances" if you are not successful at inserting the IV on your first try. If you need to try a second time, you will need to move higher up the arm, so there are benefits to trying lower down on the hand/wrist first if you can find a reasonably visible vein. Most hand or wrist veins look plump, but can roll. On heavier patients, it may be difficult to see or feel (palpate) hand or wrist veins. You can also look for veins that are located in the crease where the forearm meets the upper arm. This is called the antecubital space. These are often the easiest to insert an IV into; however, if the patient tries to bend his arm, this can block the IV tubing and the IV solution. 4-4. Tie the tourniquet directly above where you will be inserting the needle. For many patients, the tightness will be very uncomfortable. Offer reassurances. Tie it in a manner that will allow you to loosen it quickly. When you tie the tourniquet, it will cause the vein to bulge, which will make it easier to see the vein, and easier to insert the needle into that location. 4-5. Clean the spot where you will insert the cannula. Use an alcohol swab to clean the insertion site (the spot that you will be putting the needle into). Use a circular motion when you clean the spot so that you get rid of as many microorganisms as possible. Let the area dry. Still leave the tourniquet in place. Do not wave your hand over the area as if to dry it, as this can causes bacteria to be waved over the "cleaned area". Instead, allow the alcohol to air dry on its own. Note: Never, ever, blow air on the site using your mouth. 4-6. Insert the cannula. Position the cannula so that you are holding it at a 30–45 degree angle to the patient’s arm and vein. Hold the cannula like you would hold a syringe so that you do not accidentally pass it through the vein. When you feel a “pop” and dark blood appears inside the cannula, decrease the angle of insertion so it is parallel to the patient’s skin. If this is your first time you are attempting this procedure, make sure you are doing so under supervision. Push the cannula forward another 2mm. Then, fix the needle and push the rest of the cannula in a little bit further. Remove the needle fully. Apply pressure above insertion site while maintaining site and connect the IV tubing. If you do not apply pressure, the patient may bleed from the cannula. Once the tubing is connected, you still MUST hold the cannula in place until you get the site cleaned and taped. Dispose of the needle in a designated sharps container. Finally, untie the tourniquet and clean the insertion site where the cannula is sticking out of the skin with a hypoallergenic dressing or alcohol swab. 4-7. Connect the IV tubing to the cannula hub. You should do this by slowly feeding the tubing into the cannula until you can connect it. Make sure that it is secure once it is connected. Slowly open the line so that the IV fluid goes into the tube and into the patient. You should also put tape on the tubing so that it stays in place on the patient’s arm. Start by administering normal saline from a single needle/syringe in order to ensure the IV is open and unobstructed. If you notice swelling in the surrounding tissue (infiltration), or other problems with the fluid administration, stop the saline flush immediately. Immediately remove the cannula. You will need to start the process over again, but using a different insertion site. Assuming that the saline flows normally through the IV access point you have set up, you can proceed to administer any other medication(s) the doctor has specifically ordered to be delivered through the IV (e.g. IV piggyback). 4-8. Regulate the drops per minute. Regulate the IV drip rate according to the physician’s order. Usually in a clinic or hospital, the physician will order a specific rate, like millilitres per hour. In a field setting, you will need to regulate the IV rate manually. The IV may have roller clamps and you need to count the drops per minute as the drops fall into the chamber. Count the drips for a full minute, and adjust until you get the proper rate. Other IV sets already have a roller knob that you can turn and set the drops per minute so that you don’t have to count. IV machines in hospitals are easiest of course, because you set the drip rate using buttons, like setting a digital clock. 4-9. Monitor your patient for any signs of an adverse reaction. Check your patient’s heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure and temperature. Report any untoward signs and symptoms. These symptoms could include an elevated heart rate, increased respiratory rate, difficulty breathing, hives, anaphylactic shock, or an increase in temperature and raised blood pressure. A patient may also voice physical complaints or report feeling new symptoms. Always do an assessment of vital signs. Tips Always keep an extra pair of sterile gloves handy in case you touch something that is not sterile during an IV procedure, and you need to change your gloves. Warnings Again, you should never attempt to administer an IV if you have not been trained to do so. If you are unclear about any part of the prescription order or about giving the patient the IV, you should ask for help. Making a mistake could cause a life threatening situation.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:25", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Gathering Your Supplies\\n1-1. Make sure you have an IV stand.\\nThe IV stand is the tall pole with a coat hanger-like device that you will hang the IV bag on when you are preparing and administering it. In case you can’t find an IV stand and it is an emergency, your will have to hook the bag up to a place that is above the patient’s head, so that the force of gravity helps the liquid to flow downward into the person's vein.\\nMost hospitals now have IV machines, which include the pole and hanger.\\n1-2. Wash your hands.\\nTurn the faucet on and lather your hands with soap and water. Start with your palms and work to the back of your hands. Make sure that you also clean the areas between your fingers. The next step is to focus on washing from your fingers to your wrists. Finally, rinse thoroughly and pat your hands dry with a clean paper towel. Observe \\\"clean\\\" procedures until you don gloves. \\nIf there is no water source, rub your hands with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.\\n1-3. Double check the doctor’s orders again before you begin.\\nGather the correct IV bags, including amount of fluid and type of fluid. (The materials are collectively called an IV administration set, which includes the tourniquet, needle, IV tubing, bag(s) and all incidental items needed, such as alcohol wipes, gauze, tape, etc. ) Giving a patient the wrong IV bag could lead to a life-threatening situation, such as an allergic reaction. Giving incorrect amount or type of fluid or IV-medication is also against The Nurse Practice Act. At minimum, an R.N. can be written up for any errors.\\nNote and Locate bag size you need. Usual bag size in hospital setting is 1,000 ccs which is run over a specific period of time. (See order.) However, an IV comes in ccs of 1,000 ; 500 ; 250 ; 100 ; and for administration of IV-medications, cc bags of 50 or 100 which is referred to as a \\\"IV piggyback\\\" (IVPB), while a continuous larger bag IV is referred to as the primary IV. If placed in a peripheral vein, it is a peripheral IV, while an IV attached to a central port is a central IV.\\nNote and Locate the type of fluid needed. The most common orders can include one of these: waterW (this indicates sterile water) ; dextrose (Dex); saline(S) (e.g. normal saline); normal saline (NS) ; Ringers Lactate/ Lactated Ringers (RL or LR) ; potassium chloride.\\nNote any percentage given in the order for the type of fluid. Some percents are standard in the industry, but you must still always make sure you pick the correct percent listed on the bag that matches the order.\\nMake sure to get any labels that you need to fill out and adhere to the IV bag.\\nDouble check that you are giving the medication to the right patient, that you are doing it at the right date and time, that you are giving the correct medication in the correct order, and that the bag is the right volume. Redo these steps at bedside. You must redo these steps even though you checked these facts already. Always re-verify at bedside.\\nIf you have any questions at all, it is important that you ask your supervisor before continuing so that you are 100% sure you understand what you are supposed to do. Consult the physician or on-call doctor if you question the order itself.\\n2. Micro Details\\n2-1. Determine beforehand what kind of set you will need to use.\\nA set is the tube and connector that regulate how much fluid the patient will get. A macroset is used when you are supposed to give the patient 20 drops per minute, or about 100 mL per hour. Adults generally receive a macroset.\\nA microset is used when you want to give the patient 60 drops of IV fluid per minute. Infants, toddlers, and younger children generally need a microset.\\nThe size of the tubing (and the size of needle) that you use will also depend on the purpose for the IV. If it is an emergency situation where the patient needs fluids as quickly as possible, you will more likely choose a larger needle and tube in order to deliver the fluids and/or blood products or other medications as quickly as possible.\\nIn less urgent situations, you may choose a smaller needle and tubing.\\n2-2. Get the right size of needle, called the needle's gauge.\\nThe higher the needle gauge, the smaller the size of the needle. Size 14 gauge is the largest and it is usually used to correct symptoms of shock and trauma. Size 18-20 is the usual kind of needle used by adult patients. Size 22 is usually used on pediatric patients (such as infants, toddlers, and young children) or geriatric patients with .\\n2-3. Gather your other supplies.\\nThese include a tourniquet (to help locate the vein you will insert the needle into), tape or medical adhesives (to keep all of the equipment in place once the needle is inserted), alcohol swabs (to sterilize the equipment), and labels (to keep track of the time of administration, the type of IV fluid, and the person who inserted the IV line). Always wear gloves for standard protection against blood and body fluid exposure.\\n2-4. Put all of your supplies on a tray.\\nWhen the time comes to give the patient the IV, you will want to have all of your supplies right there. This will ensure that the procedure is done as quickly and easily as possible. You cannot stop in the middle of this procedure to go run for something you've forgotten.\\n3. Preparing the IV\\n3-1. Prepare the IV bag.\\nLocate the port of entry (this is located at the top of the IV bottle and is similar to a bottle cap). The port of entry is also where the macroset or microset line will be inserted. Unwrap an alcohol swab to sanitize the port of entry and the surrounding area of the bag.\\nIf you ever get confused while assembling the IV bag, there should be instructions written on the bag that you can follow. However, if you have any questions, stop what you're doing and find someone who knows what to do.\\nMake sure the valve flow is set to \\\"off\\\" (you learn which way to move the slide on the tubing by experience). You want it set to stop the fluid from freely flowing until you've got the tubing inserted into the bag and the bag hung.\\n3-2. Pipe or insert the macroset or microset through the IV bag then hang it on the IV stand.\\nEnsure that the drip chamber is in place (this is the part of the IV line that collects the fluid going through the patient’s vein). This is also the part where medical personnel are able to regulate the IV to make sure the patient gets the right medication.\\nIV pumps, or infusion pumps, are often used to help deliver a precise dose for the proper amount of time.\\n3-3. Hold the needle end of the tubing over the waste basket.\\nBe careful that no part of the tubing touches the floor or any surface other than the patient's bed / mattress. Open the flow control--slowly--and let the fluid run through the tubing. Get rid of any air bubbles in the line. Make sure that the drip chamber is half filled. Once it is half filled, let the fluid in the IV flow until it reaches the end of the line (this is to remove any air bubbles are are trapped in the line). Close the flow control when the fluid reaches the end. To \\\"close\\\" you will use the control valve to clamp the tube.\\nThis is also termed as priming the IV tubing. This is an essential step, because inserting any air or air bubble into the patient could be fatal.\\n3-4. Make sure the line does not touch the floor.\\nThe floor could have bad bacteria on it, even if mopped each day. The IV is sterile (as in it does not have any bad microorganisms on it). If the line touches the floor, the fluid in the IV could be compromised (meaning bad microorganisms could get into it and infect the patient).\\nIf the IV line does touch the floor, you will have to prepare a new IV, as the contaminated IV could potentially harm your patient. Keep the IV line close so that it does not touch the floor again.\\n4. Giving the Patient the IV\\n4-1. Approach the patient.\\nBe courteous, introduce yourself and tell him that you will be the one administering his IV fluids. It's best to lay all of the facts out for your patient — the needle puncturing his skin will hurt. It may sting, burn, or be uncomfortable for a short bit. Try to describe it so that he knows what he is getting into.\\n4-2. Position the patient.\\nAsk the patient to sit or lie down on the medical bed or chair, whichever she prefers. \\nLying or sitting calms the patient and can reduce the amount of pain he will feel. It also ensures that she is in a stable position where she won't pass out if he has a psychological fear of needles.\\nWash your hands again to ensure extra cleanliness. Put on your gloves — this can also help reassure the patient that you care about her health and protecting her against unnecessary exposure to bacteria.\\n4-3. Look for the best place to insert the cannula.\\nThe cannula is the tube-like structure that you will insert at the same time as the needle, but the cannula stays in place after you take the needle out. You should look for a vein on the non-dominant arm (the one the person doesn't write with). You should look for a long, dark vein that you will easily be able to see when you are inserting the needle.\\nStart by looking for veins lower down on the arm, or even on the back of the hand. Starting lower down will give you more \\\"chances\\\" if you are not successful at inserting the IV on your first try. If you need to try a second time, you will need to move higher up the arm, so there are benefits to trying lower down on the hand/wrist first if you can find a reasonably visible vein. Most hand or wrist veins look plump, but can roll. On heavier patients, it may be difficult to see or feel (palpate) hand or wrist veins.\\nYou can also look for veins that are located in the crease where the forearm meets the upper arm. This is called the antecubital space. These are often the easiest to insert an IV into; however, if the patient tries to bend his arm, this can block the IV tubing and the IV solution.\\n4-4. Tie the tourniquet directly above where you will be inserting the needle.\\nFor many patients, the tightness will be very uncomfortable. Offer reassurances. Tie it in a manner that will allow you to loosen it quickly. When you tie the tourniquet, it will cause the vein to bulge, which will make it easier to see the vein, and easier to insert the needle into that location.\\n4-5. Clean the spot where you will insert the cannula.\\nUse an alcohol swab to clean the insertion site (the spot that you will be putting the needle into). Use a circular motion when you clean the spot so that you get rid of as many microorganisms as possible. Let the area dry. Still leave the tourniquet in place.\\nDo not wave your hand over the area as if to dry it, as this can causes bacteria to be waved over the \\\"cleaned area\\\". Instead, allow the alcohol to air dry on its own. Note: Never, ever, blow air on the site using your mouth.\\n4-6. Insert the cannula.\\nPosition the cannula so that you are holding it at a 30–45 degree angle to the patient’s arm and vein. Hold the cannula like you would hold a syringe so that you do not accidentally pass it through the vein. When you feel a “pop” and dark blood appears inside the cannula, decrease the angle of insertion so it is parallel to the patient’s skin. If this is your first time you are attempting this procedure, make sure you are doing so under supervision.\\nPush the cannula forward another 2mm. Then, fix the needle and push the rest of the cannula in a little bit further.\\nRemove the needle fully. Apply pressure above insertion site while maintaining site and connect the IV tubing. If you do not apply pressure, the patient may bleed from the cannula. Once the tubing is connected, you still MUST hold the cannula in place until you get the site cleaned and taped.\\nDispose of the needle in a designated sharps container.\\nFinally, untie the tourniquet and clean the insertion site where the cannula is sticking out of the skin with a hypoallergenic dressing or alcohol swab.\\n4-7. Connect the IV tubing to the cannula hub.\\nYou should do this by slowly feeding the tubing into the cannula until you can connect it. Make sure that it is secure once it is connected. Slowly open the line so that the IV fluid goes into the tube and into the patient. You should also put tape on the tubing so that it stays in place on the patient’s arm.\\nStart by administering normal saline from a single needle/syringe in order to ensure the IV is open and unobstructed. If you notice swelling in the surrounding tissue (infiltration), or other problems with the fluid administration, stop the saline flush immediately. Immediately remove the cannula. You will need to start the process over again, but using a different insertion site.\\nAssuming that the saline flows normally through the IV access point you have set up, you can proceed to administer any other medication(s) the doctor has specifically ordered to be delivered through the IV (e.g. IV piggyback).\\n4-8. Regulate the drops per minute.\\nRegulate the IV drip rate according to the physician’s order. Usually in a clinic or hospital, the physician will order a specific rate, like millilitres per hour.\\nIn a field setting, you will need to regulate the IV rate manually. The IV may have roller clamps and you need to count the drops per minute as the drops fall into the chamber. Count the drips for a full minute, and adjust until you get the proper rate. Other IV sets already have a roller knob that you can turn and set the drops per minute so that you don’t have to count. IV machines in hospitals are easiest of course, because you set the drip rate using buttons, like setting a digital clock.\\n4-9. Monitor your patient for any signs of an adverse reaction.\\nCheck your patient’s heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure and temperature. Report any untoward signs and symptoms. These symptoms could include an elevated heart rate, increased respiratory rate, difficulty breathing, hives, anaphylactic shock, or an increase in temperature and raised blood pressure. A patient may also voice physical complaints or report feeling new symptoms. Always do an assessment of vital signs.\\nTips\\nAlways keep an extra pair of sterile gloves handy in case you touch something that is not sterile during an IV procedure, and you need to change your gloves.\\nWarnings\\nAgain, you should never attempt to administer an IV if you have not been trained to do so.\\nIf you are unclear about any part of the prescription order or about giving the patient the IV, you should ask for help. Making a mistake could cause a life threatening situation.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Intravenous therapy (or the use of an IV) is considered one of the most effective ways to get fluid to a patient, be it blood, sterile pH balanced 'water', or medicine that requires it be diluted in sterile fluids. Inserting an IV is a skill that should be mastered by anyone working in the medical field. IV administration needs a physician's order, but can be performed in a medical setting or a patient's home when required as a \\\"skilled nursing visit\\\" in Home Care. An R.N. is authorized to prepare and administer an IV as a skilled nursing action; no other medical staff, other than a physician / resident can legally administer an IV.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Gathering Your Supplies\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure you have an IV stand.\", \"描述\": \"The IV stand is the tall pole with a coat hanger-like device that you will hang the IV bag on when you are preparing and administering it. In case you can’t find an IV stand and it is an emergency, your will have to hook the bag up to a place that is above the patient’s head, so that the force of gravity helps the liquid to flow downward into the person's vein.\\nMost hospitals now have IV machines, which include the pole and hanger.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Wash your hands.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the faucet on and lather your hands with soap and water. Start with your palms and work to the back of your hands. Make sure that you also clean the areas between your fingers. The next step is to focus on washing from your fingers to your wrists. Finally, rinse thoroughly and pat your hands dry with a clean paper towel. Observe \\\"clean\\\" procedures until you don gloves. \\nIf there is no water source, rub your hands with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Double check the doctor’s orders again before you begin.\", \"描述\": \"Gather the correct IV bags, including amount of fluid and type of fluid. (The materials are collectively called an IV administration set, which includes the tourniquet, needle, IV tubing, bag(s) and all incidental items needed, such as alcohol wipes, gauze, tape, etc. ) Giving a patient the wrong IV bag could lead to a life-threatening situation, such as an allergic reaction. Giving incorrect amount or type of fluid or IV-medication is also against The Nurse Practice Act. At minimum, an R.N. can be written up for any errors.\\nNote and Locate bag size you need. Usual bag size in hospital setting is 1,000 ccs which is run over a specific period of time. (See order.) However, an IV comes in ccs of 1,000 ; 500 ; 250 ; 100 ; and for administration of IV-medications, cc bags of 50 or 100 which is referred to as a \\\"IV piggyback\\\" (IVPB), while a continuous larger bag IV is referred to as the primary IV. If placed in a peripheral vein, it is a peripheral IV, while an IV attached to a central port is a central IV.\\nNote and Locate the type of fluid needed. The most common orders can include one of these: waterW (this indicates sterile water) ; dextrose (Dex); saline(S) (e.g. normal saline); normal saline (NS) ; Ringers Lactate/ Lactated Ringers (RL or LR) ; potassium chloride.\\nNote any percentage given in the order for the type of fluid. Some percents are standard in the industry, but you must still always make sure you pick the correct percent listed on the bag that matches the order.\\nMake sure to get any labels that you need to fill out and adhere to the IV bag.\\nDouble check that you are giving the medication to the right patient, that you are doing it at the right date and time, that you are giving the correct medication in the correct order, and that the bag is the right volume. Redo these steps at bedside. You must redo these steps even though you checked these facts already. Always re-verify at bedside.\\nIf you have any questions at all, it is important that you ask your supervisor before continuing so that you are 100% sure you understand what you are supposed to do. Consult the physician or on-call doctor if you question the order itself.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Micro Details\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine beforehand what kind of set you will need to use.\", \"描述\": \"A set is the tube and connector that regulate how much fluid the patient will get. A macroset is used when you are supposed to give the patient 20 drops per minute, or about 100 mL per hour. Adults generally receive a macroset.\\nA microset is used when you want to give the patient 60 drops of IV fluid per minute. Infants, toddlers, and younger children generally need a microset.\\nThe size of the tubing (and the size of needle) that you use will also depend on the purpose for the IV. If it is an emergency situation where the patient needs fluids as quickly as possible, you will more likely choose a larger needle and tube in order to deliver the fluids and/or blood products or other medications as quickly as possible.\\nIn less urgent situations, you may choose a smaller needle and tubing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get the right size of needle, called the needle's gauge.\", \"描述\": \"The higher the needle gauge, the smaller the size of the needle. Size 14 gauge is the largest and it is usually used to correct symptoms of shock and trauma. Size 18-20 is the usual kind of needle used by adult patients. Size 22 is usually used on pediatric patients (such as infants, toddlers, and young children) or geriatric patients with .\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Gather your other supplies.\", \"描述\": \"These include a tourniquet (to help locate the vein you will insert the needle into), tape or medical adhesives (to keep all of the equipment in place once the needle is inserted), alcohol swabs (to sterilize the equipment), and labels (to keep track of the time of administration, the type of IV fluid, and the person who inserted the IV line). Always wear gloves for standard protection against blood and body fluid exposure.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Put all of your supplies on a tray.\", \"描述\": \"When the time comes to give the patient the IV, you will want to have all of your supplies right there. This will ensure that the procedure is done as quickly and easily as possible. You cannot stop in the middle of this procedure to go run for something you've forgotten.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Preparing the IV\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare the IV bag.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the port of entry (this is located at the top of the IV bottle and is similar to a bottle cap). The port of entry is also where the macroset or microset line will be inserted. Unwrap an alcohol swab to sanitize the port of entry and the surrounding area of the bag.\\nIf you ever get confused while assembling the IV bag, there should be instructions written on the bag that you can follow. However, if you have any questions, stop what you're doing and find someone who knows what to do.\\nMake sure the valve flow is set to \\\"off\\\" (you learn which way to move the slide on the tubing by experience). You want it set to stop the fluid from freely flowing until you've got the tubing inserted into the bag and the bag hung.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pipe or insert the macroset or microset through the IV bag then hang it on the IV stand.\", \"描述\": \"Ensure that the drip chamber is in place (this is the part of the IV line that collects the fluid going through the patient’s vein). This is also the part where medical personnel are able to regulate the IV to make sure the patient gets the right medication.\\nIV pumps, or infusion pumps, are often used to help deliver a precise dose for the proper amount of time.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Hold the needle end of the tubing over the waste basket.\", \"描述\": \"Be careful that no part of the tubing touches the floor or any surface other than the patient's bed / mattress. Open the flow control--slowly--and let the fluid run through the tubing. Get rid of any air bubbles in the line. Make sure that the drip chamber is half filled. Once it is half filled, let the fluid in the IV flow until it reaches the end of the line (this is to remove any air bubbles are are trapped in the line). Close the flow control when the fluid reaches the end. To \\\"close\\\" you will use the control valve to clamp the tube.\\nThis is also termed as priming the IV tubing. This is an essential step, because inserting any air or air bubble into the patient could be fatal.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make sure the line does not touch the floor.\", \"描述\": \"The floor could have bad bacteria on it, even if mopped each day. The IV is sterile (as in it does not have any bad microorganisms on it). If the line touches the floor, the fluid in the IV could be compromised (meaning bad microorganisms could get into it and infect the patient).\\nIf the IV line does touch the floor, you will have to prepare a new IV, as the contaminated IV could potentially harm your patient. Keep the IV line close so that it does not touch the floor again.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Giving the Patient the IV\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Approach the patient.\", \"描述\": \"Be courteous, introduce yourself and tell him that you will be the one administering his IV fluids. It's best to lay all of the facts out for your patient — the needle puncturing his skin will hurt. It may sting, burn, or be uncomfortable for a short bit. Try to describe it so that he knows what he is getting into.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Position the patient.\", \"描述\": \"Ask the patient to sit or lie down on the medical bed or chair, whichever she prefers. \\nLying or sitting calms the patient and can reduce the amount of pain he will feel. It also ensures that she is in a stable position where she won't pass out if he has a psychological fear of needles.\\nWash your hands again to ensure extra cleanliness. Put on your gloves — this can also help reassure the patient that you care about her health and protecting her against unnecessary exposure to bacteria.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for the best place to insert the cannula.\", \"描述\": \"The cannula is the tube-like structure that you will insert at the same time as the needle, but the cannula stays in place after you take the needle out. You should look for a vein on the non-dominant arm (the one the person doesn't write with). You should look for a long, dark vein that you will easily be able to see when you are inserting the needle.\\nStart by looking for veins lower down on the arm, or even on the back of the hand. Starting lower down will give you more \\\"chances\\\" if you are not successful at inserting the IV on your first try. If you need to try a second time, you will need to move higher up the arm, so there are benefits to trying lower down on the hand/wrist first if you can find a reasonably visible vein. Most hand or wrist veins look plump, but can roll. On heavier patients, it may be difficult to see or feel (palpate) hand or wrist veins.\\nYou can also look for veins that are located in the crease where the forearm meets the upper arm. This is called the antecubital space. These are often the easiest to insert an IV into; however, if the patient tries to bend his arm, this can block the IV tubing and the IV solution.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tie the tourniquet directly above where you will be inserting the needle.\", \"描述\": \"For many patients, the tightness will be very uncomfortable. Offer reassurances. Tie it in a manner that will allow you to loosen it quickly. When you tie the tourniquet, it will cause the vein to bulge, which will make it easier to see the vein, and easier to insert the needle into that location.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Clean the spot where you will insert the cannula.\", \"描述\": \"Use an alcohol swab to clean the insertion site (the spot that you will be putting the needle into). Use a circular motion when you clean the spot so that you get rid of as many microorganisms as possible. Let the area dry. Still leave the tourniquet in place.\\nDo not wave your hand over the area as if to dry it, as this can causes bacteria to be waved over the \\\"cleaned area\\\". Instead, allow the alcohol to air dry on its own. Note: Never, ever, blow air on the site using your mouth.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Insert the cannula.\", \"描述\": \"Position the cannula so that you are holding it at a 30–45 degree angle to the patient’s arm and vein. Hold the cannula like you would hold a syringe so that you do not accidentally pass it through the vein. When you feel a “pop” and dark blood appears inside the cannula, decrease the angle of insertion so it is parallel to the patient’s skin. If this is your first time you are attempting this procedure, make sure you are doing so under supervision.\\nPush the cannula forward another 2mm. Then, fix the needle and push the rest of the cannula in a little bit further.\\nRemove the needle fully. Apply pressure above insertion site while maintaining site and connect the IV tubing. If you do not apply pressure, the patient may bleed from the cannula. Once the tubing is connected, you still MUST hold the cannula in place until you get the site cleaned and taped.\\nDispose of the needle in a designated sharps container.\\nFinally, untie the tourniquet and clean the insertion site where the cannula is sticking out of the skin with a hypoallergenic dressing or alcohol swab.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Connect the IV tubing to the cannula hub.\", \"描述\": \"You should do this by slowly feeding the tubing into the cannula until you can connect it. Make sure that it is secure once it is connected. Slowly open the line so that the IV fluid goes into the tube and into the patient. You should also put tape on the tubing so that it stays in place on the patient’s arm.\\nStart by administering normal saline from a single needle/syringe in order to ensure the IV is open and unobstructed. If you notice swelling in the surrounding tissue (infiltration), or other problems with the fluid administration, stop the saline flush immediately. Immediately remove the cannula. You will need to start the process over again, but using a different insertion site.\\nAssuming that the saline flows normally through the IV access point you have set up, you can proceed to administer any other medication(s) the doctor has specifically ordered to be delivered through the IV (e.g. IV piggyback).\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Regulate the drops per minute.\", \"描述\": \"Regulate the IV drip rate according to the physician’s order. Usually in a clinic or hospital, the physician will order a specific rate, like millilitres per hour.\\nIn a field setting, you will need to regulate the IV rate manually. The IV may have roller clamps and you need to count the drops per minute as the drops fall into the chamber. Count the drips for a full minute, and adjust until you get the proper rate. Other IV sets already have a roller knob that you can turn and set the drops per minute so that you don’t have to count. IV machines in hospitals are easiest of course, because you set the drip rate using buttons, like setting a digital clock.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Monitor your patient for any signs of an adverse reaction.\", \"描述\": \"Check your patient’s heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure and temperature. Report any untoward signs and symptoms. These symptoms could include an elevated heart rate, increased respiratory rate, difficulty breathing, hives, anaphylactic shock, or an increase in temperature and raised blood pressure. A patient may also voice physical complaints or report feeling new symptoms. Always do an assessment of vital signs.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Always keep an extra pair of sterile gloves handy in case you touch something that is not sterile during an IV procedure, and you need to change your gloves.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Again, you should never attempt to administer an IV if you have not been trained to do so.\\n\", \"If you are unclear about any part of the prescription order or about giving the patient the IV, you should ask for help. Making a mistake could cause a life threatening situation.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,472
How to Administer Insulin to a Cat
1. Storing and Handling Insulin 1-1. Follow the storage instructions on the label. Your insulin will come with detailed directions on proper storage and handling. Make sure to familiarize yourself with these directions, and ask your vet if you have any questions. 1-2. Refrigerate your insulin until you are ready to use it. Insulin will deteriorate and become ineffective if it is exposed to heat. It is best to store the insulin in the refrigerator door, where temperatures are the most stable. If the insulin appears cloudy, discolored, has been exposed to heat, or is expired, dispose of it and start with a new bottle. 1-3. Gently mix the insulin by rolling it between your hands. Roll the bottle 2 or 3 times so the contents are uniformly mixed. Never shake the insulin, as this can cause bubbles to form. 1-4. Insert a clean syringe needle into the top of the insulin bottle. Remove the needle guard from the end of your syringe. Turn the insulin bottle upside-down and slide the needle into the rubber stopper at the top of the bottle. 1-5. Fill the syringe with the correct amount of insulin. Draw back the plunger to fill the syringe with the amount of insulin indicated by your vet as the correct dosage for your cat. Push the plunger back in to shoot the insulin back into the bottle, then draw the insulin back into the syringe a second time. This will help reduce the chances of air bubbles getting into the syringe, which can make it difficult to measure the dosage accurately. Double-check the syringe to make sure that you have the correct dosage. Your vet should provide you with clear instructions about how many units or milliliters to administer to your cat. 1-6. Put the safety cap back on the syringe and set it aside. Once you have double-checked that you have the right dosage of insulin in the syringe, put away the insulin bottle in your refrigerator and place the syringe somewhere safe (e.g. on a clean kitchen counter, in your bathroom medicine cabinet, or in some other cool, stable place where it will be out of reach of pets and small children) until you are ready to administer the dosage to your cat. Don't leave the insulin in the syringe for too long or it could bind to the plastic. 2. Creating Your Injection Routine 2-1. Decide on a schedule for administering the insulin. Your vet may instruct you to give your cat an injection once or twice a day. It is best to administer the injections at approximately the same time(s) every day. Insulin injections should be given immediately after the cat has eaten. This will prevent the cat's blood sugar from dropping to a dangerously low level. 2-2. Allow your cat to eat a meal before administering the injection. It is best not to inject the insulin while the cat is eating, because this may cause your cat to feel nervous and unsafe during meal times. Allow the cat to finish eating undisturbed. Ask your vet what to do if your cat skips a meal or vomits immediately after eating. They may recommend giving the cat a reduced dosage in these situations. 2-3. Soothe your cat before administering the injection. Pet or groom your cat a few times to ease anxiety, and speak to your cat in a quiet, reassuring voice. You can try offering a small, healthy treat, like a piece of cooked, unseasoned chicken, as you are preparing your cat for the injection. If your cat tends to struggle or panic during an injection, you may wish to ask someone else to help you hold or gently distract the cat while you administer the injection. 2-4. Place the cat on a level surface. If you are confident that your cat will remain calm during the injection, you might place the cat on your lap. However, there is less risk of injury to you and your cat if you place the cat on a flat, elevated surface, like a table top. 3. Injecting the Insulin 3-1. Have your syringe ready. Once you have the cat in position and ready to receive the injection, pick up the syringe that you filled with the correct dosage of insulin. Take the safety cap off the needle, and hold the syringe with your dominant hand (i.e. if you are right-handed, hold the syringe in your right hand). 3-2. Grasp the cat's skin with your thumb and index finger and pinch firmly. Select a small fold of skin along the cat’s back, shoulders, side of the chest, or abdomen. Gently pull the cat's skin up so it forms a tent shape. Avoid injecting the insulin into the same site repeatedly, as this can result in scar tissue buildup or granulomas. 3-3. Insert the needle into the skin at a 45° angle. Take care not to push the needle all the way through the fold of skin or into your thumb or finger where you are holding the cat’s skin. Keep your thumb on the plunger as you are inserting the needle. 3-4. Depress the plunger in one quick movement. Push the plunger in with your thumb, and immediately pull the needle out when you are finished. You may wish to draw the plunger back slightly before you make the injection, to insure that you have not hit a blood vessel. If blood enters the syringe when you pull back the plunger, remove the needle and make the injection somewhere else. Replace the safety cap on the needle as soon as you have finished making the injection. 3-5. Reward your cat. Praise your cat in a gentle voice and gently pet the cat. You may also offer the cat a small treat, like a piece of cooked chicken. 3-6. Dispose of the used needle properly. Place the capped needle in a puncture-proof container. You may be able to obtain a specialized “sharps” container from your vet’s office or your local pharmacy. Ask your vet or your local waste disposal service about proper disposal procedures in your area. Tips Warm the insulin up slightly between your fingers once it is in the syringe, and right before you inject it. Cold insulin stings. By slightly warming it, it is a more pleasant experience for your cat. The abdomen usually hurts less especially if you have a fatter cat. Ensure you have the correct syringes for your cat's type of insulin. There are several types. Contact your vet if you have any questions or concerns about syringes. Warnings Never change your cat’s insulin dosage or stop administering insulin without consulting your vet. Watch for signs of a potentially life-threatening condition called hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) that can occur if your cat hasn't eaten before a shot or an incorrect dose was given. Symptoms can include changes in appetite, disorientation, weakness, tremors, or seizures. Take your cat to your veterinarian or emergency vet if they exhibit symptoms of hypoglycemia or other unexplained behavior.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:25", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Storing and Handling Insulin\\n1-1. Follow the storage instructions on the label.\\nYour insulin will come with detailed directions on proper storage and handling. Make sure to familiarize yourself with these directions, and ask your vet if you have any questions.\\n1-2. Refrigerate your insulin until you are ready to use it.\\nInsulin will deteriorate and become ineffective if it is exposed to heat. It is best to store the insulin in the refrigerator door, where temperatures are the most stable.\\nIf the insulin appears cloudy, discolored, has been exposed to heat, or is expired, dispose of it and start with a new bottle.\\n1-3. Gently mix the insulin by rolling it between your hands.\\nRoll the bottle 2 or 3 times so the contents are uniformly mixed. Never shake the insulin, as this can cause bubbles to form.\\n1-4. Insert a clean syringe needle into the top of the insulin bottle.\\nRemove the needle guard from the end of your syringe. Turn the insulin bottle upside-down and slide the needle into the rubber stopper at the top of the bottle.\\n1-5. Fill the syringe with the correct amount of insulin.\\nDraw back the plunger to fill the syringe with the amount of insulin indicated by your vet as the correct dosage for your cat. Push the plunger back in to shoot the insulin back into the bottle, then draw the insulin back into the syringe a second time. This will help reduce the chances of air bubbles getting into the syringe, which can make it difficult to measure the dosage accurately.\\nDouble-check the syringe to make sure that you have the correct dosage. Your vet should provide you with clear instructions about how many units or milliliters to administer to your cat.\\n1-6. Put the safety cap back on the syringe and set it aside.\\nOnce you have double-checked that you have the right dosage of insulin in the syringe, put away the insulin bottle in your refrigerator and place the syringe somewhere safe (e.g. on a clean kitchen counter, in your bathroom medicine cabinet, or in some other cool, stable place where it will be out of reach of pets and small children) until you are ready to administer the dosage to your cat.\\nDon't leave the insulin in the syringe for too long or it could bind to the plastic.\\n2. Creating Your Injection Routine\\n2-1. Decide on a schedule for administering the insulin.\\nYour vet may instruct you to give your cat an injection once or twice a day. It is best to administer the injections at approximately the same time(s) every day. Insulin injections should be given immediately after the cat has eaten. This will prevent the cat's blood sugar from dropping to a dangerously low level.\\n2-2. Allow your cat to eat a meal before administering the injection.\\nIt is best not to inject the insulin while the cat is eating, because this may cause your cat to feel nervous and unsafe during meal times. Allow the cat to finish eating undisturbed.\\nAsk your vet what to do if your cat skips a meal or vomits immediately after eating. They may recommend giving the cat a reduced dosage in these situations.\\n2-3. Soothe your cat before administering the injection.\\nPet or groom your cat a few times to ease anxiety, and speak to your cat in a quiet, reassuring voice. You can try offering a small, healthy treat, like a piece of cooked, unseasoned chicken, as you are preparing your cat for the injection.\\nIf your cat tends to struggle or panic during an injection, you may wish to ask someone else to help you hold or gently distract the cat while you administer the injection.\\n2-4. Place the cat on a level surface.\\nIf you are confident that your cat will remain calm during the injection, you might place the cat on your lap. However, there is less risk of injury to you and your cat if you place the cat on a flat, elevated surface, like a table top.\\n3. Injecting the Insulin\\n3-1. Have your syringe ready.\\nOnce you have the cat in position and ready to receive the injection, pick up the syringe that you filled with the correct dosage of insulin. Take the safety cap off the needle, and hold the syringe with your dominant hand (i.e. if you are right-handed, hold the syringe in your right hand).\\n3-2. Grasp the cat's skin with your thumb and index finger and pinch firmly.\\nSelect a small fold of skin along the cat’s back, shoulders, side of the chest, or abdomen. Gently pull the cat's skin up so it forms a tent shape.\\nAvoid injecting the insulin into the same site repeatedly, as this can result in scar tissue buildup or granulomas.\\n3-3. Insert the needle into the skin at a 45° angle.\\nTake care not to push the needle all the way through the fold of skin or into your thumb or finger where you are holding the cat’s skin. Keep your thumb on the plunger as you are inserting the needle.\\n3-4. Depress the plunger in one quick movement.\\nPush the plunger in with your thumb, and immediately pull the needle out when you are finished.\\nYou may wish to draw the plunger back slightly before you make the injection, to insure that you have not hit a blood vessel. If blood enters the syringe when you pull back the plunger, remove the needle and make the injection somewhere else.\\nReplace the safety cap on the needle as soon as you have finished making the injection.\\n3-5. Reward your cat.\\nPraise your cat in a gentle voice and gently pet the cat. You may also offer the cat a small treat, like a piece of cooked chicken.\\n3-6. Dispose of the used needle properly.\\nPlace the capped needle in a puncture-proof container. You may be able to obtain a specialized “sharps” container from your vet’s office or your local pharmacy. Ask your vet or your local waste disposal service about proper disposal procedures in your area.\\nTips\\nWarm the insulin up slightly between your fingers once it is in the syringe, and right before you inject it. Cold insulin stings. By slightly warming it, it is a more pleasant experience for your cat.\\nThe abdomen usually hurts less especially if you have a fatter cat.\\nEnsure you have the correct syringes for your cat's type of insulin. There are several types. Contact your vet if you have any questions or concerns about syringes.\\nWarnings\\nNever change your cat’s insulin dosage or stop administering insulin without consulting your vet.\\nWatch for signs of a potentially life-threatening condition called hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) that can occur if your cat hasn't eaten before a shot or an incorrect dose was given. Symptoms can include changes in appetite, disorientation, weakness, tremors, or seizures.\\nTake your cat to your veterinarian or emergency vet if they exhibit symptoms of hypoglycemia or other unexplained behavior.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Just like their human companions, cats can become diabetic. If your beloved feline has recently been diagnosed with diabetes, you may be feeling nervous or overwhelmed at the thought of having to administer insulin injections to your cat. Fortunately, giving insulin to a cat is not a difficult or complicated process, and is not particularly painful or unpleasant for most cats. Help your diabetic cat by learning how to store and handle insulin, develop a good injection routine, and properly administer an injection.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Storing and Handling Insulin\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Follow the storage instructions on the label.\", \"描述\": \"Your insulin will come with detailed directions on proper storage and handling. Make sure to familiarize yourself with these directions, and ask your vet if you have any questions.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Refrigerate your insulin until you are ready to use it.\", \"描述\": \"Insulin will deteriorate and become ineffective if it is exposed to heat. It is best to store the insulin in the refrigerator door, where temperatures are the most stable.\\nIf the insulin appears cloudy, discolored, has been exposed to heat, or is expired, dispose of it and start with a new bottle.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Gently mix the insulin by rolling it between your hands.\", \"描述\": \"Roll the bottle 2 or 3 times so the contents are uniformly mixed. Never shake the insulin, as this can cause bubbles to form.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Insert a clean syringe needle into the top of the insulin bottle.\", \"描述\": \"Remove the needle guard from the end of your syringe. Turn the insulin bottle upside-down and slide the needle into the rubber stopper at the top of the bottle.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Fill the syringe with the correct amount of insulin.\", \"描述\": \"Draw back the plunger to fill the syringe with the amount of insulin indicated by your vet as the correct dosage for your cat. Push the plunger back in to shoot the insulin back into the bottle, then draw the insulin back into the syringe a second time. This will help reduce the chances of air bubbles getting into the syringe, which can make it difficult to measure the dosage accurately.\\nDouble-check the syringe to make sure that you have the correct dosage. Your vet should provide you with clear instructions about how many units or milliliters to administer to your cat.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Put the safety cap back on the syringe and set it aside.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have double-checked that you have the right dosage of insulin in the syringe, put away the insulin bottle in your refrigerator and place the syringe somewhere safe (e.g. on a clean kitchen counter, in your bathroom medicine cabinet, or in some other cool, stable place where it will be out of reach of pets and small children) until you are ready to administer the dosage to your cat.\\nDon't leave the insulin in the syringe for too long or it could bind to the plastic.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Creating Your Injection Routine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Decide on a schedule for administering the insulin.\", \"描述\": \"Your vet may instruct you to give your cat an injection once or twice a day. It is best to administer the injections at approximately the same time(s) every day. Insulin injections should be given immediately after the cat has eaten. This will prevent the cat's blood sugar from dropping to a dangerously low level.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Allow your cat to eat a meal before administering the injection.\", \"描述\": \"It is best not to inject the insulin while the cat is eating, because this may cause your cat to feel nervous and unsafe during meal times. Allow the cat to finish eating undisturbed.\\nAsk your vet what to do if your cat skips a meal or vomits immediately after eating. They may recommend giving the cat a reduced dosage in these situations.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Soothe your cat before administering the injection.\", \"描述\": \"Pet or groom your cat a few times to ease anxiety, and speak to your cat in a quiet, reassuring voice. You can try offering a small, healthy treat, like a piece of cooked, unseasoned chicken, as you are preparing your cat for the injection.\\nIf your cat tends to struggle or panic during an injection, you may wish to ask someone else to help you hold or gently distract the cat while you administer the injection.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Place the cat on a level surface.\", \"描述\": \"If you are confident that your cat will remain calm during the injection, you might place the cat on your lap. However, there is less risk of injury to you and your cat if you place the cat on a flat, elevated surface, like a table top.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Injecting the Insulin\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Have your syringe ready.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have the cat in position and ready to receive the injection, pick up the syringe that you filled with the correct dosage of insulin. Take the safety cap off the needle, and hold the syringe with your dominant hand (i.e. if you are right-handed, hold the syringe in your right hand).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Grasp the cat's skin with your thumb and index finger and pinch firmly.\", \"描述\": \"Select a small fold of skin along the cat’s back, shoulders, side of the chest, or abdomen. Gently pull the cat's skin up so it forms a tent shape.\\nAvoid injecting the insulin into the same site repeatedly, as this can result in scar tissue buildup or granulomas.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Insert the needle into the skin at a 45° angle.\", \"描述\": \"Take care not to push the needle all the way through the fold of skin or into your thumb or finger where you are holding the cat’s skin. Keep your thumb on the plunger as you are inserting the needle.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Depress the plunger in one quick movement.\", \"描述\": \"Push the plunger in with your thumb, and immediately pull the needle out when you are finished.\\nYou may wish to draw the plunger back slightly before you make the injection, to insure that you have not hit a blood vessel. If blood enters the syringe when you pull back the plunger, remove the needle and make the injection somewhere else.\\nReplace the safety cap on the needle as soon as you have finished making the injection.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Reward your cat.\", \"描述\": \"Praise your cat in a gentle voice and gently pet the cat. You may also offer the cat a small treat, like a piece of cooked chicken.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Dispose of the used needle properly.\", \"描述\": \"Place the capped needle in a puncture-proof container. You may be able to obtain a specialized “sharps” container from your vet’s office or your local pharmacy. Ask your vet or your local waste disposal service about proper disposal procedures in your area.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Warm the insulin up slightly between your fingers once it is in the syringe, and right before you inject it. Cold insulin stings. By slightly warming it, it is a more pleasant experience for your cat.\\n\", \"The abdomen usually hurts less especially if you have a fatter cat.\\n\", \"Ensure you have the correct syringes for your cat's type of insulin. There are several types. Contact your vet if you have any questions or concerns about syringes.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never change your cat’s insulin dosage or stop administering insulin without consulting your vet.\\n\", \"Watch for signs of a potentially life-threatening condition called hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) that can occur if your cat hasn't eaten before a shot or an incorrect dose was given. Symptoms can include changes in appetite, disorientation, weakness, tremors, or seizures.\\n\", \"Take your cat to your veterinarian or emergency vet if they exhibit symptoms of hypoglycemia or other unexplained behavior.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,473
How to Administer Medicine to a Resistant Child
1. Administering Liquid Medicine 1-1. Change the flavor. The pharmacist can add flavor like chocolate, watermelon, cherry, or another of your child's favorites to many syrup medicines for a small charge. This can even work on over-the-counter medicines which are already flavored, and your child prefers to be flavored differently. 1-2. Drip the medicine with a dropper or syringe. You can get a blank (needle-less) syringe without a prescription from a pharmacy. You can also use a dropper. Sit the child up, slip the syringe or dropper full of the correct dose between the teeth or gums within the mouth. Push the plunger slowly so the drops pour down the back of the tongue or into the cheek. Don't use a spoon for this method. Also avoid squirting into the back of the throat or the child may choke. Try squirting the medicine to the side of the mouth instead. 1-3. Deliver smaller doses. Use the dosing cups or dosing spoons that frequently come with liquid medications to portion out the doses over more time. Ask your doctor and pharmacist before you attempt this method. You need to make sure you're giving the same total dose necessary for the illness, but you can give smaller amounts more frequently so the child is not taking it all at once. An example of this could be instead of giving a child 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of a medicine every 12 hours you give her two half tablespoons (7.5 ml each) in quick succession at the dosing time. The child may think this is prolonging the unpleasant experience of taking medicine—so it could be making things worse. 1-4. Serve the medicine with a treat. Ask your doctor and pharmacist if the medicine can be taken soon before eating or drinking or even with food. If the medicine can be taken with food, then you may be able to mix it into a cup of pudding, yogurt, or juice to get the child to take it. Or, you can give your child one of his favorite snacks or beverages such as a bowl of ice cream, a fruit snack or flavored yogurt right after the medicine. Let him or her know in advance he or she will get the treat if he or she takes their medicine. If you mix your child's medicine in with food or drink, make sure that your child consumes all of it. If the medicine cannot be taken with food or drink, then ask the doctor and pharmacist for the time limit between giving the medicine to your child and when he can eat and drink again. Be aware that this method may ultimately backfire, as your child may come to associate the treat with an unpleasant experience. 1-5. Talk to your child. Introduce the medicine as something that will help her, and follow that up by asking her what form (cup, syringe) and flavor she wants it in. This will give the child some sense of control in the situation. Don't let the discussion turn into one where she refuses to take the medicine. If that happens you might counter by saying something such as, “You want to get better so you can play with your friends again, don't you?” 1-6. Use force only as a last resort. If all else fails, you may have to use some degree of physical force. You will usually need a helper for this. Have a blank syringe prepared with the correct dose of medicine already. Place the child on the lap of one person who will hold the child's head still and level (not tilted backwards). The second adult should use one hand to push down the child's chin/lower jaw. Use the other hand to insert the syringe between the child's teeth and squirt the medicine on the back of the tongue. Shut the child's mouth until the child swallows. There are times that force needs to be used for the wellbeing of the child, but again, this should always be used as absolute last resort. Using physical force can cause mistrust to form between you and your child. You can let the child know he can help next time if he doesn't want you to use force. Also consider giving him positive reinforcement such as a hug and treat (yogurt, a video, stickers, etc…). 2. Administering Pill Medicine 2-1. Place the pill or capsule far back in the child's mouth. One method is to place the pill on the back of the tongue, and have the child drink water or a favorite drink of hers—such as a fruit juice. Have her gulp the drink quickly and focus on the drink flavor. Keep the child's head level or bent forward slightly. Using a straw for the drink also helps. 2-2. Split or crush the pills. This is one way to break up the dose for easier swallowing. Use a knife or pill cutter to split the pill in half or quarters. You can also crush the pill between two spoons into a powder and mix it into a small amount of a favorite food of the child's that requires no chewing (ice cream, pudding, yogurt, etc…). Just make sure you mix it into a manageable amount of food — she must eat all of the food to get the full dose. Crushing the pill can be done more easily if you wet the pill with a drop or two of water and let it sit for five minutes. attempt this with slow-release capsules or pills with special coatings. If you destroy the slow release capability of the pill and it delivers a single, large dose, this can be extremely dangerous for your child. Ask your doctor and pharmacist if you are uncertain. 2-3. Empty slow-release capsules. Ask your doctor and pharmacist before attempting this, as not all capsules are meant to be opened. The contents can be swallowed without chewing, and are usually bitter, so need to be mixed with the child's favorite sweet foods (applesauce, yogurt, or the like). This can be messy. You don't want to risk losing the ingredients. Make sure you have a clear and dry workspace to empty the contents onto. 2-4. Show older children how to take pills. For children over the age of eight and unable or unwilling to take pills they can practice when not sick or upset. Provide the child with a small piece of candy or ice for them to suck on. Use something that will melt quickly to avoid items getting stuck in the child's throat. Work up to candies the size of M&Ms. You can try a thin coating of butter if stickiness is still an issue. Tips If your child is resisting or having trouble with one form of medication, ask your doctor if another form is available. Besides pills or liquids, chewable or dissolvable forms may be available. Always consult a doctor regarding medical care of your child. Consult your pharmacist for additional information on drug information, their interactions, and side-effects. Warnings Many over-the-counter medicines are too strong for children. Check for children's doses. Be sure the labels on all medicines match what's in the bottle, and what's been prescribed to your child. Never alter a medicine, dose, or administering method without consulting your doctor and pharmacist first. Overdosing children could result in serious injury and/or death. This includes over-the-counter medicines. Never refer to medicine as "sweets" or "candy", no matter how resistant the child is, this can potentially lead to a child taking medicine on their own, which can lead to poisoning.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:25", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Administering Liquid Medicine\\n1-1. Change the flavor.\\nThe pharmacist can add flavor like chocolate, watermelon, cherry, or another of your child's favorites to many syrup medicines for a small charge.\\nThis can even work on over-the-counter medicines which are already flavored, and your child prefers to be flavored differently.\\n1-2. Drip the medicine with a dropper or syringe.\\nYou can get a blank (needle-less) syringe without a prescription from a pharmacy. You can also use a dropper. Sit the child up, slip the syringe or dropper full of the correct dose between the teeth or gums within the mouth. Push the plunger slowly so the drops pour down the back of the tongue or into the cheek.\\nDon't use a spoon for this method. Also avoid squirting into the back of the throat or the child may choke. Try squirting the medicine to the side of the mouth instead.\\n1-3. Deliver smaller doses.\\nUse the dosing cups or dosing spoons that frequently come with liquid medications to portion out the doses over more time. Ask your doctor and pharmacist before you attempt this method. You need to make sure you're giving the same total dose necessary for the illness, but you can give smaller amounts more frequently so the child is not taking it all at once.\\nAn example of this could be instead of giving a child 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of a medicine every 12 hours you give her two half tablespoons (7.5 ml each) in quick succession at the dosing time.\\nThe child may think this is prolonging the unpleasant experience of taking medicine—so it could be making things worse.\\n1-4. Serve the medicine with a treat.\\nAsk your doctor and pharmacist if the medicine can be taken soon before eating or drinking or even with food. If the medicine can be taken with food, then you may be able to mix it into a cup of pudding, yogurt, or juice to get the child to take it. Or, you can give your child one of his favorite snacks or beverages such as a bowl of ice cream, a fruit snack or flavored yogurt right after the medicine. Let him or her know in advance he or she will get the treat if he or she takes their medicine.\\nIf you mix your child's medicine in with food or drink, make sure that your child consumes all of it.\\nIf the medicine cannot be taken with food or drink, then ask the doctor and pharmacist for the time limit between giving the medicine to your child and when he can eat and drink again.\\nBe aware that this method may ultimately backfire, as your child may come to associate the treat with an unpleasant experience.\\n1-5. Talk to your child.\\nIntroduce the medicine as something that will help her, and follow that up by asking her what form (cup, syringe) and flavor she wants it in. This will give the child some sense of control in the situation.\\nDon't let the discussion turn into one where she refuses to take the medicine. If that happens you might counter by saying something such as, “You want to get better so you can play with your friends again, don't you?”\\n1-6. Use force only as a last resort.\\nIf all else fails, you may have to use some degree of physical force. You will usually need a helper for this. Have a blank syringe prepared with the correct dose of medicine already. Place the child on the lap of one person who will hold the child's head still and level (not tilted backwards). The second adult should use one hand to push down the child's chin/lower jaw. Use the other hand to insert the syringe between the child's teeth and squirt the medicine on the back of the tongue. Shut the child's mouth until the child swallows.\\nThere are times that force needs to be used for the wellbeing of the child, but again, this should always be used as absolute last resort. Using physical force can cause mistrust to form between you and your child.\\nYou can let the child know he can help next time if he doesn't want you to use force. Also consider giving him positive reinforcement such as a hug and treat (yogurt, a video, stickers, etc…).\\n2. Administering Pill Medicine\\n2-1. Place the pill or capsule far back in the child's mouth.\\nOne method is to place the pill on the back of the tongue, and have the child drink water or a favorite drink of hers—such as a fruit juice. Have her gulp the drink quickly and focus on the drink flavor.\\nKeep the child's head level or bent forward slightly. Using a straw for the drink also helps.\\n2-2. Split or crush the pills.\\nThis is one way to break up the dose for easier swallowing. Use a knife or pill cutter to split the pill in half or quarters. You can also crush the pill between two spoons into a powder and mix it into a small amount of a favorite food of the child's that requires no chewing (ice cream, pudding, yogurt, etc…). Just make sure you mix it into a manageable amount of food — she must eat all of the food to get the full dose.\\nCrushing the pill can be done more easily if you wet the pill with a drop or two of water and let it sit for five minutes.\\n attempt this with slow-release capsules or pills with special coatings. If you destroy the slow release capability of the pill and it delivers a single, large dose, this can be extremely dangerous for your child. Ask your doctor and pharmacist if you are uncertain.\\n2-3. Empty slow-release capsules.\\nAsk your doctor and pharmacist before attempting this, as not all capsules are meant to be opened. The contents can be swallowed without chewing, and are usually bitter, so need to be mixed with the child's favorite sweet foods (applesauce, yogurt, or the like).\\nThis can be messy. You don't want to risk losing the ingredients. Make sure you have a clear and dry workspace to empty the contents onto.\\n2-4. Show older children how to take pills.\\nFor children over the age of eight and unable or unwilling to take pills they can practice when not sick or upset. Provide the child with a small piece of candy or ice for them to suck on. Use something that will melt quickly to avoid items getting stuck in the child's throat.\\nWork up to candies the size of M&Ms. You can try a thin coating of butter if stickiness is still an issue.\\nTips\\nIf your child is resisting or having trouble with one form of medication, ask your doctor if another form is available. Besides pills or liquids, chewable or dissolvable forms may be available.\\nAlways consult a doctor regarding medical care of your child.\\nConsult your pharmacist for additional information on drug information, their interactions, and side-effects.\\nWarnings\\nMany over-the-counter medicines are too strong for children. Check for children's doses.\\nBe sure the labels on all medicines match what's in the bottle, and what's been prescribed to your child.\\nNever alter a medicine, dose, or administering method without consulting your doctor and pharmacist first. Overdosing children could result in serious injury and/or death. This includes over-the-counter medicines.\\nNever refer to medicine as \\\"sweets\\\" or \\\"candy\\\", no matter how resistant the child is, this can potentially lead to a child taking medicine on their own, which can lead to poisoning.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If your child is sick, then medicine prescribed by a doctor and/or over-the-counter may be necessary. In either case your child may be reluctant to take the medicine because of the way it's administered, the medicine's flavor, or for other reasons. If you are struggling to administer medicine to a resistant child, then there are several things you can try.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Administering Liquid Medicine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Change the flavor.\", \"描述\": \"The pharmacist can add flavor like chocolate, watermelon, cherry, or another of your child's favorites to many syrup medicines for a small charge.\\nThis can even work on over-the-counter medicines which are already flavored, and your child prefers to be flavored differently.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Drip the medicine with a dropper or syringe.\", \"描述\": \"You can get a blank (needle-less) syringe without a prescription from a pharmacy. You can also use a dropper. Sit the child up, slip the syringe or dropper full of the correct dose between the teeth or gums within the mouth. Push the plunger slowly so the drops pour down the back of the tongue or into the cheek.\\nDon't use a spoon for this method. Also avoid squirting into the back of the throat or the child may choke. Try squirting the medicine to the side of the mouth instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Deliver smaller doses.\", \"描述\": \"Use the dosing cups or dosing spoons that frequently come with liquid medications to portion out the doses over more time. Ask your doctor and pharmacist before you attempt this method. You need to make sure you're giving the same total dose necessary for the illness, but you can give smaller amounts more frequently so the child is not taking it all at once.\\nAn example of this could be instead of giving a child 1 tablespoon (15 ml) of a medicine every 12 hours you give her two half tablespoons (7.5 ml each) in quick succession at the dosing time.\\nThe child may think this is prolonging the unpleasant experience of taking medicine—so it could be making things worse.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Serve the medicine with a treat.\", \"描述\": \"Ask your doctor and pharmacist if the medicine can be taken soon before eating or drinking or even with food. If the medicine can be taken with food, then you may be able to mix it into a cup of pudding, yogurt, or juice to get the child to take it. Or, you can give your child one of his favorite snacks or beverages such as a bowl of ice cream, a fruit snack or flavored yogurt right after the medicine. Let him or her know in advance he or she will get the treat if he or she takes their medicine.\\nIf you mix your child's medicine in with food or drink, make sure that your child consumes all of it.\\nIf the medicine cannot be taken with food or drink, then ask the doctor and pharmacist for the time limit between giving the medicine to your child and when he can eat and drink again.\\nBe aware that this method may ultimately backfire, as your child may come to associate the treat with an unpleasant experience.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Talk to your child.\", \"描述\": \"Introduce the medicine as something that will help her, and follow that up by asking her what form (cup, syringe) and flavor she wants it in. This will give the child some sense of control in the situation.\\nDon't let the discussion turn into one where she refuses to take the medicine. If that happens you might counter by saying something such as, “You want to get better so you can play with your friends again, don't you?”\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Use force only as a last resort.\", \"描述\": \"If all else fails, you may have to use some degree of physical force. You will usually need a helper for this. Have a blank syringe prepared with the correct dose of medicine already. Place the child on the lap of one person who will hold the child's head still and level (not tilted backwards). The second adult should use one hand to push down the child's chin/lower jaw. Use the other hand to insert the syringe between the child's teeth and squirt the medicine on the back of the tongue. Shut the child's mouth until the child swallows.\\nThere are times that force needs to be used for the wellbeing of the child, but again, this should always be used as absolute last resort. Using physical force can cause mistrust to form between you and your child.\\nYou can let the child know he can help next time if he doesn't want you to use force. Also consider giving him positive reinforcement such as a hug and treat (yogurt, a video, stickers, etc…).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Administering Pill Medicine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Place the pill or capsule far back in the child's mouth.\", \"描述\": \"One method is to place the pill on the back of the tongue, and have the child drink water or a favorite drink of hers—such as a fruit juice. Have her gulp the drink quickly and focus on the drink flavor.\\nKeep the child's head level or bent forward slightly. Using a straw for the drink also helps.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Split or crush the pills.\", \"描述\": \"This is one way to break up the dose for easier swallowing. Use a knife or pill cutter to split the pill in half or quarters. You can also crush the pill between two spoons into a powder and mix it into a small amount of a favorite food of the child's that requires no chewing (ice cream, pudding, yogurt, etc…). Just make sure you mix it into a manageable amount of food — she must eat all of the food to get the full dose.\\nCrushing the pill can be done more easily if you wet the pill with a drop or two of water and let it sit for five minutes.\\n attempt this with slow-release capsules or pills with special coatings. If you destroy the slow release capability of the pill and it delivers a single, large dose, this can be extremely dangerous for your child. Ask your doctor and pharmacist if you are uncertain.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Empty slow-release capsules.\", \"描述\": \"Ask your doctor and pharmacist before attempting this, as not all capsules are meant to be opened. The contents can be swallowed without chewing, and are usually bitter, so need to be mixed with the child's favorite sweet foods (applesauce, yogurt, or the like).\\nThis can be messy. You don't want to risk losing the ingredients. Make sure you have a clear and dry workspace to empty the contents onto.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Show older children how to take pills.\", \"描述\": \"For children over the age of eight and unable or unwilling to take pills they can practice when not sick or upset. Provide the child with a small piece of candy or ice for them to suck on. Use something that will melt quickly to avoid items getting stuck in the child's throat.\\nWork up to candies the size of M&Ms. You can try a thin coating of butter if stickiness is still an issue.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If your child is resisting or having trouble with one form of medication, ask your doctor if another form is available. Besides pills or liquids, chewable or dissolvable forms may be available.\\n\", \"Always consult a doctor regarding medical care of your child.\\n\", \"Consult your pharmacist for additional information on drug information, their interactions, and side-effects.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Many over-the-counter medicines are too strong for children. Check for children's doses.\\n\", \"Be sure the labels on all medicines match what's in the bottle, and what's been prescribed to your child.\\n\", \"Never alter a medicine, dose, or administering method without consulting your doctor and pharmacist first. Overdosing children could result in serious injury and/or death. This includes over-the-counter medicines.\\n\", \"Never refer to medicine as \\\"sweets\\\" or \\\"candy\\\", no matter how resistant the child is, this can potentially lead to a child taking medicine on their own, which can lead to poisoning.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
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How to Administer Narcan
1. Giving Intranasal Narcan 1-1. Check for signs of an overdose. Before you administer Narcan, make sure to check the person for symptoms of an overdose. Symptoms may include: Slow or shallow breathing. Gasping noises while sleeping or snoring in an unusual way. Skin that is pale or bluish. A slow heartbeat. Low blood pressure. Unresponsive and will not wake up. 1-2. Call emergency services Call 911 or emergency services in your country right away! It is important to ensure that help is on the way before you do anything. 1-3. Check the person's airway and administer rescue breaths. Check the person's mouth and throat to ensure that there is nothing blocking their airways. Place one hand on the person's chin, tilt up their head slightly, and pinch their nose closed. Then, make a seal around their mouth with your mouth, breathe in and blow the breath into their mouth. You should see their chest rise as you deliver the rescue breath and then fall as you remove your mouth from their mouth. Deliver one breath every five seconds. 1-4. Remove the yellow caps from the syringe. Prepare the nasal syringe immediately after giving several rescue breaths (if necessary). Pry or pull off the yellow caps. There are usually two – one at each end of the syringe. A syringe is not a needle, it's a plastic device that holds the needle – or in this case, what the Narcan screws onto. You can find Narcan through the getnaloxonenow.org website. 1-5. Take the red cap off the Narcan. The tube of Narcan (also labeled under the generic name naloxone) may have a red cap. Pry this off and discard it. 1-6. Put the three pieces together. Grip the clear plastic wings of the nasal atomizer (the cone-shaped applicator), and insert it onto the syringe. Gently screw the Narcan container onto the barrel of the syringe. Do not prime or test the spray. It is single-use and can't be reused. Some Narcan nasal sprays come in single-use, pre-assembled packages. They contain two needle-free devices, one to use in each nostril. 1-7. Administer the Narcan half in each nostril. Lay the victim on their back and tilt their head back. Place the white cone applicator into one nostril of the victim's nose. Give a short, hard push onto the end of the capsule to spray the Narcan. Deliver half of the container (1cc). Repeat the process immediately in the victim's other nostril. 2. Using the Injectable Form of Narcan 2-1. Remove the outer case. Injectable Narcan, labeled as EVZIO, comes in a case. Take the device out of the case, but do not remove the red safety guard until you are ready to inject the medicine. 2-2. Take off the red safety guard. When you are ready to inject, remove the red safety guard. You might need to pull the red safety guard a little hard to get it off. Do not touch the black area of the EZVIO after you get the red safety tab off. This is where the needle is located. 2-3. Place the black end of the device against the outer thigh and inject. Place the black area of the device on the middle of the person's outer thigh so that it is right over the muscle. To inject the medicine, hold the device firmly against the person's thigh for five seconds. You do not need to remove the person's clothing to do this. You will hear a click and hiss sound as the device automatically injects the medicine into the person's thigh. This is normal and means the device is working. The needle will retract into the device after the injection is complete. 2-4. Call emergency services Make sure to call 911 (or emergency services in your country) immediately after giving the injection or have someone call for help while you are giving the injection. 3. Monitoring the Victim and Giving Aftercare 3-1. Administer Narcan only if the victim meets the criteria. Only administer Narcan if the victim exhibits the following signs of overdose: They are unconscious, unresponsive, and you cannot wake them They have pinpoint (constricted) pupils Their breathing is slow and shallow, breathing fewer than 8 times per minute 3-2. Provide supportive care until help arrives. When you find a loved one unconscious, yell and rub your knuckles on the center of their breastbone to try to wake them. If they wake up, they do not need Narcan. If not, call emergency services immediately and tell them that someone may have overdosed. Before giving Narcan, see if the victim needs CPR - this may save their life! Follow these guidelines: Count their breaths: Listening at their mouth while watching to see whether their chest is rising and falling for 5-10 seconds. If they are not breathing or are breathing fewer than 8 times per minute, give them a few rescue breaths before administering Narcan. Check for a pulse for 30 seconds by placing your middle and forefingers on the victim's neck just off to the side a little, under the jaw line. If they don't have a pulse, start CPR chest compressions. 3-3. Be sure the victim gets to the hospital. Emergency services should immediately take the victim to intensive care for monitoring. If you are unable to access emergency services, get the person to the hospital as soon as they can breathe on their own. They need medical care even if their overdose is reversed by Narcan. 3-4. Encourage the victim not to use again that day. Narcan can cause symptoms of withdrawal, making the victim want to use their drug again. Doing so can cause another overdose. These cravings may be difficult for both of you to deal with. Try to support the victim emotionally, and encourage them not to use drugs again that day. 3-5. Store the Narcan appropriately. Store any Narcan you have tightly closed in its original container and out of the reach of children. Store it at room temperature in a dark place and avoid keeping it anywhere that gets hot or moist, such as in the bathroom. Never freeze the medicine either. Dispose of the Narcan and get a new one if the red safety guard has been removed, it is expired, it looks cloudy or you can see particles floating in it. Keep it safely out of reach of children. Do not let anyone else use your medication. 4. Obtaining and Using Narcan Appropriately 4-1. Know the victim's drug of abuse. If a loved one uses illegal drugs or takes prescription medications inappropriately, try to find out what they take. Ask them outright and let them know you're concerned about their safety. Narcan can reverse the effects of opiate drugs such as: Heroin Prescription pain medicine like fentanyl, morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone Some common brand name medications such as Percocet, OxyContin, Vicodin, Percodan, Tylox, and Demerol 4-2. Get Narcan from a doctor. If you or a loved one suffer from opiate addiction, talk to your doctor about getting Narcan to keep on hand. You may be able to obtain liquid Narcan that can be injected into a vein, muscle, or under the skin, or a nasal spray. You need a prescription to get Narcan in some states but not others. Automatic injection devices (Evzio) are sometimes available. These have voice guidance that can direct you or another on how to use the device. Use it once then throw it away. This is the BEST OPTION if you do not have medical training. You will probably not be able to administer Narcan to yourself if you are overdosing. Friends, family, and loved ones should know how to use the Narcan and where to find it. 4-3. Do a quick scan for signs of opiate overdose. You may not always know what drug someone has overdosed on, or if they've used drugs at all. Don't waste time, but look very quickly for some signs that the victim may have overdosed on opiates. Scan quickly for prescription drug bottles lying around, a morphine or fentanyl patch on their body (remove it!) or visible drug paraphernalia like syringes, spoons, and tourniquets. Tips If you know someone struggling with opiate addiction, alert them to community and national services such as the Harm Reduction Coalition and other recovery resources.[18] X Research source To give rescue breaths, tilt the victim's head back slightly and lift their chin to open the airway. Pinch their nose closed with one hand. Put your mouth over the victim's mouth to make a seal and blow into their mouth. Watch to be sure their chest rises when you give a breath – if not, exhale more forcefully.[19] X Research source Check the expiration date of Narcan you keep, and replace it if it expires.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:25", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Giving Intranasal Narcan\\n1-1. Check for signs of an overdose.\\nBefore you administer Narcan, make sure to check the person for symptoms of an overdose. Symptoms may include:\\nSlow or shallow breathing.\\nGasping noises while sleeping or snoring in an unusual way.\\nSkin that is pale or bluish.\\nA slow heartbeat.\\nLow blood pressure.\\nUnresponsive and will not wake up.\\n1-2. Call emergency services\\nCall 911 or emergency services in your country right away! It is important to ensure that help is on the way before you do anything.\\n1-3. Check the person's airway and administer rescue breaths.\\nCheck the person's mouth and throat to ensure that there is nothing blocking their airways. Place one hand on the person's chin, tilt up their head slightly, and pinch their nose closed. Then, make a seal around their mouth with your mouth, breathe in and blow the breath into their mouth. You should see their chest rise as you deliver the rescue breath and then fall as you remove your mouth from their mouth.\\nDeliver one breath every five seconds.\\n1-4. Remove the yellow caps from the syringe.\\nPrepare the nasal syringe immediately after giving several rescue breaths (if necessary). Pry or pull off the yellow caps. There are usually two – one at each end of the syringe.\\nA syringe is not a needle, it's a plastic device that holds the needle – or in this case, what the Narcan screws onto.\\nYou can find Narcan through the getnaloxonenow.org website.\\n1-5. Take the red cap off the Narcan.\\nThe tube of Narcan (also labeled under the generic name naloxone) may have a red cap. Pry this off and discard it.\\n1-6. Put the three pieces together.\\nGrip the clear plastic wings of the nasal atomizer (the cone-shaped applicator), and insert it onto the syringe. Gently screw the Narcan container onto the barrel of the syringe. \\nDo not prime or test the spray. It is single-use and can't be reused.\\nSome Narcan nasal sprays come in single-use, pre-assembled packages. They contain two needle-free devices, one to use in each nostril.\\n1-7. Administer the Narcan half in each nostril.\\nLay the victim on their back and tilt their head back. Place the white cone applicator into one nostril of the victim's nose. Give a short, hard push onto the end of the capsule to spray the Narcan. Deliver half of the container (1cc). \\nRepeat the process immediately in the victim's other nostril.\\n2. Using the Injectable Form of Narcan\\n2-1. Remove the outer case.\\nInjectable Narcan, labeled as EVZIO, comes in a case. Take the device out of the case, but do not remove the red safety guard until you are ready to inject the medicine.\\n2-2. Take off the red safety guard.\\nWhen you are ready to inject, remove the red safety guard. You might need to pull the red safety guard a little hard to get it off. Do not touch the black area of the EZVIO after you get the red safety tab off. This is where the needle is located.\\n2-3. Place the black end of the device against the outer thigh and inject.\\nPlace the black area of the device on the middle of the person's outer thigh so that it is right over the muscle. To inject the medicine, hold the device firmly against the person's thigh for five seconds. You do not need to remove the person's clothing to do this.\\nYou will hear a click and hiss sound as the device automatically injects the medicine into the person's thigh. This is normal and means the device is working.\\nThe needle will retract into the device after the injection is complete.\\n2-4. Call emergency services\\nMake sure to call 911 (or emergency services in your country) immediately after giving the injection or have someone call for help while you are giving the injection.\\n3. Monitoring the Victim and Giving Aftercare\\n3-1. Administer Narcan only if the victim meets the criteria.\\nOnly administer Narcan if the victim exhibits the following signs of overdose:\\nThey are unconscious, unresponsive, and you cannot wake them\\nThey have pinpoint (constricted) pupils\\nTheir breathing is slow and shallow, breathing fewer than 8 times per minute\\n3-2. Provide supportive care until help arrives.\\nWhen you find a loved one unconscious, yell and rub your knuckles on the center of their breastbone to try to wake them. If they wake up, they do not need Narcan. If not, call emergency services immediately and tell them that someone may have overdosed. Before giving Narcan, see if the victim needs CPR - this may save their life! Follow these guidelines: \\nCount their breaths: Listening at their mouth while watching to see whether their chest is rising and falling for 5-10 seconds. If they are not breathing or are breathing fewer than 8 times per minute, give them a few rescue breaths before administering Narcan.\\nCheck for a pulse for 30 seconds by placing your middle and forefingers on the victim's neck just off to the side a little, under the jaw line. If they don't have a pulse, start CPR chest compressions.\\n3-3. Be sure the victim gets to the hospital.\\nEmergency services should immediately take the victim to intensive care for monitoring. If you are unable to access emergency services, get the person to the hospital as soon as they can breathe on their own. They need medical care even if their overdose is reversed by Narcan.\\n3-4. Encourage the victim not to use again that day.\\nNarcan can cause symptoms of withdrawal, making the victim want to use their drug again. Doing so can cause another overdose. These cravings may be difficult for both of you to deal with. Try to support the victim emotionally, and encourage them not to use drugs again that day.\\n3-5. Store the Narcan appropriately.\\nStore any Narcan you have tightly closed in its original container and out of the reach of children. Store it at room temperature in a dark place and avoid keeping it anywhere that gets hot or moist, such as in the bathroom. Never freeze the medicine either. Dispose of the Narcan and get a new one if the red safety guard has been removed, it is expired, it looks cloudy or you can see particles floating in it.\\nKeep it safely out of reach of children. Do not let anyone else use your medication.\\n4. Obtaining and Using Narcan Appropriately\\n4-1. Know the victim's drug of abuse.\\nIf a loved one uses illegal drugs or takes prescription medications inappropriately, try to find out what they take. Ask them outright and let them know you're concerned about their safety. Narcan can reverse the effects of opiate drugs such as:\\nHeroin\\nPrescription pain medicine like fentanyl, morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone\\nSome common brand name medications such as Percocet, OxyContin, Vicodin, Percodan, Tylox, and Demerol\\n4-2. Get Narcan from a doctor.\\nIf you or a loved one suffer from opiate addiction, talk to your doctor about getting Narcan to keep on hand. You may be able to obtain liquid Narcan that can be injected into a vein, muscle, or under the skin, or a nasal spray. You need a prescription to get Narcan in some states but not others. \\nAutomatic injection devices (Evzio) are sometimes available. These have voice guidance that can direct you or another on how to use the device. Use it once then throw it away. This is the BEST OPTION if you do not have medical training.\\nYou will probably not be able to administer Narcan to yourself if you are overdosing. Friends, family, and loved ones should know how to use the Narcan and where to find it.\\n4-3. Do a quick scan for signs of opiate overdose.\\nYou may not always know what drug someone has overdosed on, or if they've used drugs at all. Don't waste time, but look very quickly for some signs that the victim may have overdosed on opiates. Scan quickly for prescription drug bottles lying around, a morphine or fentanyl patch on their body (remove it!) or visible drug paraphernalia like syringes, spoons, and tourniquets.\\nTips\\nIf you know someone struggling with opiate addiction, alert them to community and national services such as the Harm Reduction Coalition and other recovery resources.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nTo give rescue breaths, tilt the victim's head back slightly and lift their chin to open the airway. Pinch their nose closed with one hand. Put your mouth over the victim's mouth to make a seal and blow into their mouth. Watch to be sure their chest rises when you give a breath – if not, exhale more forcefully.[19]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nCheck the expiration date of Narcan you keep, and replace it if it expires.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Watching someone you care about struggle with addiction can be devastating, but knowing how to administer Narcan may save their life and can help you feel more in control. The misuse of legal or illegal opiate (narcotic) drugs can easily lead to taking an excessive amount, which causes an overdose that makes the victim stop breathing. However, Narcan (naloxone, also branded Evzio) can often reverse opiate overdose. Now that the public has access to easily administered forms of naloxone, the fight against addiction may get easier. When trying to help, it's important to monitor the victim closely, call for emergency services, give CPR if needed, and administer the Narcan effectively whether it's a nasal spray or injection.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Giving Intranasal Narcan\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check for signs of an overdose.\", \"描述\": \"Before you administer Narcan, make sure to check the person for symptoms of an overdose. Symptoms may include:\\nSlow or shallow breathing.\\nGasping noises while sleeping or snoring in an unusual way.\\nSkin that is pale or bluish.\\nA slow heartbeat.\\nLow blood pressure.\\nUnresponsive and will not wake up.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Call emergency services\", \"描述\": \"Call 911 or emergency services in your country right away! It is important to ensure that help is on the way before you do anything.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check the person's airway and administer rescue breaths.\", \"描述\": \"Check the person's mouth and throat to ensure that there is nothing blocking their airways. Place one hand on the person's chin, tilt up their head slightly, and pinch their nose closed. Then, make a seal around their mouth with your mouth, breathe in and blow the breath into their mouth. You should see their chest rise as you deliver the rescue breath and then fall as you remove your mouth from their mouth.\\nDeliver one breath every five seconds.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Remove the yellow caps from the syringe.\", \"描述\": \"Prepare the nasal syringe immediately after giving several rescue breaths (if necessary). Pry or pull off the yellow caps. There are usually two – one at each end of the syringe.\\nA syringe is not a needle, it's a plastic device that holds the needle – or in this case, what the Narcan screws onto.\\nYou can find Narcan through the getnaloxonenow.org website.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take the red cap off the Narcan.\", \"描述\": \"The tube of Narcan (also labeled under the generic name naloxone) may have a red cap. Pry this off and discard it.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Put the three pieces together.\", \"描述\": \"Grip the clear plastic wings of the nasal atomizer (the cone-shaped applicator), and insert it onto the syringe. Gently screw the Narcan container onto the barrel of the syringe. \\nDo not prime or test the spray. It is single-use and can't be reused.\\nSome Narcan nasal sprays come in single-use, pre-assembled packages. They contain two needle-free devices, one to use in each nostril.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Administer the Narcan half in each nostril.\", \"描述\": \"Lay the victim on their back and tilt their head back. Place the white cone applicator into one nostril of the victim's nose. Give a short, hard push onto the end of the capsule to spray the Narcan. Deliver half of the container (1cc). \\nRepeat the process immediately in the victim's other nostril.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using the Injectable Form of Narcan\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remove the outer case.\", \"描述\": \"Injectable Narcan, labeled as EVZIO, comes in a case. Take the device out of the case, but do not remove the red safety guard until you are ready to inject the medicine.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take off the red safety guard.\", \"描述\": \"When you are ready to inject, remove the red safety guard. You might need to pull the red safety guard a little hard to get it off. Do not touch the black area of the EZVIO after you get the red safety tab off. This is where the needle is located.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place the black end of the device against the outer thigh and inject.\", \"描述\": \"Place the black area of the device on the middle of the person's outer thigh so that it is right over the muscle. To inject the medicine, hold the device firmly against the person's thigh for five seconds. You do not need to remove the person's clothing to do this.\\nYou will hear a click and hiss sound as the device automatically injects the medicine into the person's thigh. This is normal and means the device is working.\\nThe needle will retract into the device after the injection is complete.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Call emergency services\", \"描述\": \"Make sure to call 911 (or emergency services in your country) immediately after giving the injection or have someone call for help while you are giving the injection.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Monitoring the Victim and Giving Aftercare\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Administer Narcan only if the victim meets the criteria.\", \"描述\": \"Only administer Narcan if the victim exhibits the following signs of overdose:\\nThey are unconscious, unresponsive, and you cannot wake them\\nThey have pinpoint (constricted) pupils\\nTheir breathing is slow and shallow, breathing fewer than 8 times per minute\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Provide supportive care until help arrives.\", \"描述\": \"When you find a loved one unconscious, yell and rub your knuckles on the center of their breastbone to try to wake them. If they wake up, they do not need Narcan. If not, call emergency services immediately and tell them that someone may have overdosed. Before giving Narcan, see if the victim needs CPR - this may save their life! Follow these guidelines: \\nCount their breaths: Listening at their mouth while watching to see whether their chest is rising and falling for 5-10 seconds. If they are not breathing or are breathing fewer than 8 times per minute, give them a few rescue breaths before administering Narcan.\\nCheck for a pulse for 30 seconds by placing your middle and forefingers on the victim's neck just off to the side a little, under the jaw line. If they don't have a pulse, start CPR chest compressions.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be sure the victim gets to the hospital.\", \"描述\": \"Emergency services should immediately take the victim to intensive care for monitoring. If you are unable to access emergency services, get the person to the hospital as soon as they can breathe on their own. They need medical care even if their overdose is reversed by Narcan.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Encourage the victim not to use again that day.\", \"描述\": \"Narcan can cause symptoms of withdrawal, making the victim want to use their drug again. Doing so can cause another overdose. These cravings may be difficult for both of you to deal with. Try to support the victim emotionally, and encourage them not to use drugs again that day.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Store the Narcan appropriately.\", \"描述\": \"Store any Narcan you have tightly closed in its original container and out of the reach of children. Store it at room temperature in a dark place and avoid keeping it anywhere that gets hot or moist, such as in the bathroom. Never freeze the medicine either. Dispose of the Narcan and get a new one if the red safety guard has been removed, it is expired, it looks cloudy or you can see particles floating in it.\\nKeep it safely out of reach of children. Do not let anyone else use your medication.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Obtaining and Using Narcan Appropriately\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know the victim's drug of abuse.\", \"描述\": \"If a loved one uses illegal drugs or takes prescription medications inappropriately, try to find out what they take. Ask them outright and let them know you're concerned about their safety. Narcan can reverse the effects of opiate drugs such as:\\nHeroin\\nPrescription pain medicine like fentanyl, morphine, methadone, buprenorphine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone\\nSome common brand name medications such as Percocet, OxyContin, Vicodin, Percodan, Tylox, and Demerol\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get Narcan from a doctor.\", \"描述\": \"If you or a loved one suffer from opiate addiction, talk to your doctor about getting Narcan to keep on hand. You may be able to obtain liquid Narcan that can be injected into a vein, muscle, or under the skin, or a nasal spray. You need a prescription to get Narcan in some states but not others. \\nAutomatic injection devices (Evzio) are sometimes available. These have voice guidance that can direct you or another on how to use the device. Use it once then throw it away. This is the BEST OPTION if you do not have medical training.\\nYou will probably not be able to administer Narcan to yourself if you are overdosing. Friends, family, and loved ones should know how to use the Narcan and where to find it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do a quick scan for signs of opiate overdose.\", \"描述\": \"You may not always know what drug someone has overdosed on, or if they've used drugs at all. Don't waste time, but look very quickly for some signs that the victim may have overdosed on opiates. Scan quickly for prescription drug bottles lying around, a morphine or fentanyl patch on their body (remove it!) or visible drug paraphernalia like syringes, spoons, and tourniquets.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you know someone struggling with opiate addiction, alert them to community and national services such as the Harm Reduction Coalition and other recovery resources.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"To give rescue breaths, tilt the victim's head back slightly and lift their chin to open the airway. Pinch their nose closed with one hand. Put your mouth over the victim's mouth to make a seal and blow into their mouth. Watch to be sure their chest rises when you give a breath – if not, exhale more forcefully.[19]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Check the expiration date of Narcan you keep, and replace it if it expires.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,475
How to Administer Shots to Dogs
1. Preparing for the Shot 1-1. Review the release forms. When you purchase vaccinations or other medicines from a veterinarian to administer yourself, you will have to sign a release form. Read this form carefully. Not only does it provide valuable information, it helps you understand your responsibilities when you decide to administer shots yourself. By signing the release form, you accept full responsibility for your pet's injection and any reactions or accident that might occur. It warns that allergic or other life-threatening reactions can occur even if the shot is administered correctly. The form warns the shot may be ineffective if it is outdated, left unrefrigerated too long, improperly administered, or exposed to heat, sunlight, or freezing temperatures. Some forms state that if you administer your own rabies vaccine, it will not be accepted as valid by law enforcement agencies and animal care professionals. Make sure you know if this clause is present in your form and its repercussions. Your dog will legally be considered unvaccinated for rabies, which means many kennels will not let your board there and you may not be able to adopt other dogs from animal shelters depending on their policies. 1-2. Introduce your dog to the syringe beforehand. If your dog has previously been given shots at a vet's office, they probably associate syringes with pain and discomfort. To combat this, allow them to look at, sniff, and paw at an empty syringe (with no attached needle) at a comfortable place in your home. Give treats and other forms of positive reinforcement during these sessions, such as attention, praise, and play. You want your dog to associate the syringe with positive moments to reduce fear and stress when you actually administer the shot. 1-3. Combine the liquid and powder. Some substances used in shots, especially vaccines, come in two vials: a liquid vial and a powder vial. The liquid and powder needs to be mixed before the shot is administered. Insert the syringe's needle into the liquid vial and pull up the plunger until all the liquid is in the syringe. Push the syringe into the vial containing the powder. Make sure all the liquid empties before pulling out the syringe. Shake the vial. Make sure the powder is completely dissolved. There should be no clumps or residue collected at the bottom of the vial. 1-4. Draw the desired amount. You should know how many milliliters of medicine or vaccination you are administering to your dog. Before giving him the shot, draw out that amount. Insert the syringe into the combined liquid and powder vial. Pull up until you have the desired amount of milliliters. Make sure there are no air bubbles. If you notice any, push the syringe down, empty the vial, and try again. 2. Administering the Vaccination 2-1. Familiarize yourself with the three types of injections. Thought there are three different types of injections given to dogs, there is only one type — subcutaneous shots — that can potentially be administered by someone other than the vet. If you shot you plan to give your dog does not fall into this category, then you must take them to the vet. Subcutaneous vaccines are given just beneath the skin. The majority of vaccines and shots are subcutaneous. These are usually administered on the loose skin just above a dog's shoulder blades. If you're administering shots yourself, always use the subcutaneous method. If the medication or vaccination specifically states it needs to be injected in another manner, take your dog to the vet's office. Intramuscular vaccines are injected into the muscle. If you're not a veterinary professional, it might be hard to locate a muscle on your own. It is best to take your dog to the vet if he needs an intramuscular vaccine. Intravenous injections must also be administered by a vet. These injections must be injected into a vein and you should not attempt to do this yourself. Vaccines are not given by IV injection. 2-2. Find a flat surface. A hard, flat surface should be used when administering shots to your dog. A flat surface, such as a counter or table, allows you plenty of room while administering the medication. Find something that allows you to work comfortably. Have a friend or family member present. Even if your dog is normally calm, he might fidget or fight if he feels a prick. Someone should be present to hold the dog during the injection. This is particularly important if your dog is small and might leap off the table or counter. 2-3. Lift the dog's skin up and form a pocket in their skin with your finger. As you'll be using a subcutaneous vaccine, it's best to administer it on the loose skin found behind the shoulder blade. Using your non-dominant hand, lift the skin upward, away from the shoulder blade. Using your index or middle finger of your dominant hand (which is holding the syringe), angle the needle at 90 degrees to the flat tented surface of the skin. Push inward to form a small pocket of skin. This reduces the risk of accidentally administering a shot into the body or catching sensitive areas. 2-4. Administer the shot. Press the needle into your dog's skin. Before injecting, pull the plunger out a little bit. If you see any blood being draw, you're in a vein. This could cause harm to the dog. Pull out, refill the syringe with fresh medicine, and insert it again. Once you find a safe spot, slowly push the plunger down until all the liquid is gone. 3. Observing the Dog Afterwards 3-1. Watch for skin reactions. Some soreness after an injection is normal, but it also sometimes be a sign of infection or allergic reaction. Monitor the skin after injection for any signs of a serious reaction. Mild reactions are very common and come in the form of a lump or swelling around the site of the injection. This may last a few hours, but might also stay for up to a week. If you notice hives, rashes, or swelling that occurs anywhere outside the injection location, such as the head or shoulder blades, seek medical care. This is a sign of a severe reaction and requires medical care. 3-2. Understand reactions are common. Reactions to injections, especially vaccinations, are very common. For the most part, the benefits outweigh the risks involved. However, your dog may exhibit a number of mild symptoms that should go away within a week. Fatigue and a low grade fever are common reactions to an injection. Your dog might be lethargic and have a low appetite during the days following an injection. Your dog might also be sore in the area surrounding the injection. Be careful handling him after his shots, especially if you have any contact with his shoulder blades. 3-3. Know when you need immediate veterinary care. Severe allergic reactions are rare, but can occasionally occur. If a severe allergic reaction does occur, it will usually be within 20 - 30 minutes of giving the injection and the most common sign is collapse. If your dog exhibits any of the following symptoms, seek immediate medical care: Vomiting Diarrhea Lameness Collapse Seizure Tips Some vaccines come in the form of reconstituted liquids that are carefully dropped or squeezed into your dog's nostril. As dogs tend to fidget during the process and it requires special equipment, you should have a veterinarian perform an intranasal vaccination.[13] X Research source If possible, find a friend with a dog of her own to help you with the shot. That way, your friend is more likely to know how to handle a dog properly and in a manner that will cause minimal stress to the dog. You may want to consider a muzzle to ensure that you do not get bitten during the injection. Even the nicest dogs do bite when frightened or restrained. You can buy soft and comfortable muzzles from your local pet supply store or you can secure your dog's mouth using a piece of gauze that you wrap around the muzzle and tie behind his ears. Warnings Only attempt subcutaneous injections on your own. The other types are trickier, may require special equipment, and should only be attempted by someone with training in veterinary medicine.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:25", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing for the Shot\\n1-1. Review the release forms.\\nWhen you purchase vaccinations or other medicines from a veterinarian to administer yourself, you will have to sign a release form. Read this form carefully. Not only does it provide valuable information, it helps you understand your responsibilities when you decide to administer shots yourself.\\nBy signing the release form, you accept full responsibility for your pet's injection and any reactions or accident that might occur. It warns that allergic or other life-threatening reactions can occur even if the shot is administered correctly.\\nThe form warns the shot may be ineffective if it is outdated, left unrefrigerated too long, improperly administered, or exposed to heat, sunlight, or freezing temperatures.\\nSome forms state that if you administer your own rabies vaccine, it will not be accepted as valid by law enforcement agencies and animal care professionals. Make sure you know if this clause is present in your form and its repercussions. Your dog will legally be considered unvaccinated for rabies, which means many kennels will not let your board there and you may not be able to adopt other dogs from animal shelters depending on their policies.\\n1-2. Introduce your dog to the syringe beforehand.\\nIf your dog has previously been given shots at a vet's office, they probably associate syringes with pain and discomfort. To combat this, allow them to look at, sniff, and paw at an empty syringe (with no attached needle) at a comfortable place in your home.\\nGive treats and other forms of positive reinforcement during these sessions, such as attention, praise, and play. You want your dog to associate the syringe with positive moments to reduce fear and stress when you actually administer the shot.\\n1-3. Combine the liquid and powder.\\nSome substances used in shots, especially vaccines, come in two vials: a liquid vial and a powder vial. The liquid and powder needs to be mixed before the shot is administered.\\nInsert the syringe's needle into the liquid vial and pull up the plunger until all the liquid is in the syringe.\\nPush the syringe into the vial containing the powder. Make sure all the liquid empties before pulling out the syringe.\\nShake the vial. Make sure the powder is completely dissolved. There should be no clumps or residue collected at the bottom of the vial.\\n1-4. Draw the desired amount.\\nYou should know how many milliliters of medicine or vaccination you are administering to your dog. Before giving him the shot, draw out that amount.\\nInsert the syringe into the combined liquid and powder vial. Pull up until you have the desired amount of milliliters.\\nMake sure there are no air bubbles. If you notice any, push the syringe down, empty the vial, and try again.\\n2. Administering the Vaccination\\n2-1. Familiarize yourself with the three types of injections.\\nThought there are three different types of injections given to dogs, there is only one type — subcutaneous shots — that can potentially be administered by someone other than the vet. If you shot you plan to give your dog does not fall into this category, then you must take them to the vet.\\nSubcutaneous vaccines are given just beneath the skin. The majority of vaccines and shots are subcutaneous. These are usually administered on the loose skin just above a dog's shoulder blades. If you're administering shots yourself, always use the subcutaneous method. If the medication or vaccination specifically states it needs to be injected in another manner, take your dog to the vet's office.\\nIntramuscular vaccines are injected into the muscle. If you're not a veterinary professional, it might be hard to locate a muscle on your own. It is best to take your dog to the vet if he needs an intramuscular vaccine.\\nIntravenous injections must also be administered by a vet. These injections must be injected into a vein and you should not attempt to do this yourself. Vaccines are not given by IV injection.\\n2-2. Find a flat surface.\\nA hard, flat surface should be used when administering shots to your dog.\\nA flat surface, such as a counter or table, allows you plenty of room while administering the medication. Find something that allows you to work comfortably.\\nHave a friend or family member present. Even if your dog is normally calm, he might fidget or fight if he feels a prick. Someone should be present to hold the dog during the injection. This is particularly important if your dog is small and might leap off the table or counter.\\n2-3. Lift the dog's skin up and form a pocket in their skin with your finger.\\nAs you'll be using a subcutaneous vaccine, it's best to administer it on the loose skin found behind the shoulder blade.\\nUsing your non-dominant hand, lift the skin upward, away from the shoulder blade. Using your index or middle finger of your dominant hand (which is holding the syringe), angle the needle at 90 degrees to the flat tented surface of the skin. Push inward to form a small pocket of skin. This reduces the risk of accidentally administering a shot into the body or catching sensitive areas.\\n2-4. Administer the shot.\\nPress the needle into your dog's skin.\\nBefore injecting, pull the plunger out a little bit. If you see any blood being draw, you're in a vein. This could cause harm to the dog. Pull out, refill the syringe with fresh medicine, and insert it again.\\nOnce you find a safe spot, slowly push the plunger down until all the liquid is gone.\\n3. Observing the Dog Afterwards\\n3-1. Watch for skin reactions.\\nSome soreness after an injection is normal, but it also sometimes be a sign of infection or allergic reaction. Monitor the skin after injection for any signs of a serious reaction.\\nMild reactions are very common and come in the form of a lump or swelling around the site of the injection. This may last a few hours, but might also stay for up to a week.\\nIf you notice hives, rashes, or swelling that occurs anywhere outside the injection location, such as the head or shoulder blades, seek medical care. This is a sign of a severe reaction and requires medical care.\\n3-2. Understand reactions are common.\\nReactions to injections, especially vaccinations, are very common. For the most part, the benefits outweigh the risks involved. However, your dog may exhibit a number of mild symptoms that should go away within a week.\\nFatigue and a low grade fever are common reactions to an injection. Your dog might be lethargic and have a low appetite during the days following an injection.\\nYour dog might also be sore in the area surrounding the injection. Be careful handling him after his shots, especially if you have any contact with his shoulder blades.\\n3-3. Know when you need immediate veterinary care.\\nSevere allergic reactions are rare, but can occasionally occur. If a severe allergic reaction does occur, it will usually be within 20 - 30 minutes of giving the injection and the most common sign is collapse. If your dog exhibits any of the following symptoms, seek immediate medical care:\\nVomiting\\nDiarrhea\\nLameness\\nCollapse\\nSeizure\\nTips\\nSome vaccines come in the form of reconstituted liquids that are carefully dropped or squeezed into your dog's nostril. As dogs tend to fidget during the process and it requires special equipment, you should have a veterinarian perform an intranasal vaccination.[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf possible, find a friend with a dog of her own to help you with the shot. That way, your friend is more likely to know how to handle a dog properly and in a manner that will cause minimal stress to the dog.\\nYou may want to consider a muzzle to ensure that you do not get bitten during the injection. Even the nicest dogs do bite when frightened or restrained. You can buy soft and comfortable muzzles from your local pet supply store or you can secure your dog's mouth using a piece of gauze that you wrap around the muzzle and tie behind his ears.\\nWarnings\\nOnly attempt subcutaneous injections on your own. The other types are trickier, may require special equipment, and should only be attempted by someone with training in veterinary medicine.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Sometimes, dogs needs shots. Vaccinations that protect against a variety of diseases come in shot form and some medications need to be administered via injections. If you're interested in administering shots on your own, there are benefits. Having shots at home might reduce your dog's stress level. It can also lessen vet costs for you. However, makes you know the proper protocol before giving your dog a shot. You want to make sure you administer it correctly to leave your dog happy and healthy.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing for the Shot\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Review the release forms.\", \"描述\": \"When you purchase vaccinations or other medicines from a veterinarian to administer yourself, you will have to sign a release form. Read this form carefully. Not only does it provide valuable information, it helps you understand your responsibilities when you decide to administer shots yourself.\\nBy signing the release form, you accept full responsibility for your pet's injection and any reactions or accident that might occur. It warns that allergic or other life-threatening reactions can occur even if the shot is administered correctly.\\nThe form warns the shot may be ineffective if it is outdated, left unrefrigerated too long, improperly administered, or exposed to heat, sunlight, or freezing temperatures.\\nSome forms state that if you administer your own rabies vaccine, it will not be accepted as valid by law enforcement agencies and animal care professionals. Make sure you know if this clause is present in your form and its repercussions. Your dog will legally be considered unvaccinated for rabies, which means many kennels will not let your board there and you may not be able to adopt other dogs from animal shelters depending on their policies.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Introduce your dog to the syringe beforehand.\", \"描述\": \"If your dog has previously been given shots at a vet's office, they probably associate syringes with pain and discomfort. To combat this, allow them to look at, sniff, and paw at an empty syringe (with no attached needle) at a comfortable place in your home.\\nGive treats and other forms of positive reinforcement during these sessions, such as attention, praise, and play. You want your dog to associate the syringe with positive moments to reduce fear and stress when you actually administer the shot.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Combine the liquid and powder.\", \"描述\": \"Some substances used in shots, especially vaccines, come in two vials: a liquid vial and a powder vial. The liquid and powder needs to be mixed before the shot is administered.\\nInsert the syringe's needle into the liquid vial and pull up the plunger until all the liquid is in the syringe.\\nPush the syringe into the vial containing the powder. Make sure all the liquid empties before pulling out the syringe.\\nShake the vial. Make sure the powder is completely dissolved. There should be no clumps or residue collected at the bottom of the vial.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Draw the desired amount.\", \"描述\": \"You should know how many milliliters of medicine or vaccination you are administering to your dog. Before giving him the shot, draw out that amount.\\nInsert the syringe into the combined liquid and powder vial. Pull up until you have the desired amount of milliliters.\\nMake sure there are no air bubbles. If you notice any, push the syringe down, empty the vial, and try again.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Administering the Vaccination\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Familiarize yourself with the three types of injections.\", \"描述\": \"Thought there are three different types of injections given to dogs, there is only one type — subcutaneous shots — that can potentially be administered by someone other than the vet. If you shot you plan to give your dog does not fall into this category, then you must take them to the vet.\\nSubcutaneous vaccines are given just beneath the skin. The majority of vaccines and shots are subcutaneous. These are usually administered on the loose skin just above a dog's shoulder blades. If you're administering shots yourself, always use the subcutaneous method. If the medication or vaccination specifically states it needs to be injected in another manner, take your dog to the vet's office.\\nIntramuscular vaccines are injected into the muscle. If you're not a veterinary professional, it might be hard to locate a muscle on your own. It is best to take your dog to the vet if he needs an intramuscular vaccine.\\nIntravenous injections must also be administered by a vet. These injections must be injected into a vein and you should not attempt to do this yourself. Vaccines are not given by IV injection.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find a flat surface.\", \"描述\": \"A hard, flat surface should be used when administering shots to your dog.\\nA flat surface, such as a counter or table, allows you plenty of room while administering the medication. Find something that allows you to work comfortably.\\nHave a friend or family member present. Even if your dog is normally calm, he might fidget or fight if he feels a prick. Someone should be present to hold the dog during the injection. This is particularly important if your dog is small and might leap off the table or counter.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Lift the dog's skin up and form a pocket in their skin with your finger.\", \"描述\": \"As you'll be using a subcutaneous vaccine, it's best to administer it on the loose skin found behind the shoulder blade.\\nUsing your non-dominant hand, lift the skin upward, away from the shoulder blade. Using your index or middle finger of your dominant hand (which is holding the syringe), angle the needle at 90 degrees to the flat tented surface of the skin. Push inward to form a small pocket of skin. This reduces the risk of accidentally administering a shot into the body or catching sensitive areas.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Administer the shot.\", \"描述\": \"Press the needle into your dog's skin.\\nBefore injecting, pull the plunger out a little bit. If you see any blood being draw, you're in a vein. This could cause harm to the dog. Pull out, refill the syringe with fresh medicine, and insert it again.\\nOnce you find a safe spot, slowly push the plunger down until all the liquid is gone.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Observing the Dog Afterwards\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Watch for skin reactions.\", \"描述\": \"Some soreness after an injection is normal, but it also sometimes be a sign of infection or allergic reaction. Monitor the skin after injection for any signs of a serious reaction.\\nMild reactions are very common and come in the form of a lump or swelling around the site of the injection. This may last a few hours, but might also stay for up to a week.\\nIf you notice hives, rashes, or swelling that occurs anywhere outside the injection location, such as the head or shoulder blades, seek medical care. This is a sign of a severe reaction and requires medical care.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understand reactions are common.\", \"描述\": \"Reactions to injections, especially vaccinations, are very common. For the most part, the benefits outweigh the risks involved. However, your dog may exhibit a number of mild symptoms that should go away within a week.\\nFatigue and a low grade fever are common reactions to an injection. Your dog might be lethargic and have a low appetite during the days following an injection.\\nYour dog might also be sore in the area surrounding the injection. Be careful handling him after his shots, especially if you have any contact with his shoulder blades.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know when you need immediate veterinary care.\", \"描述\": \"Severe allergic reactions are rare, but can occasionally occur. If a severe allergic reaction does occur, it will usually be within 20 - 30 minutes of giving the injection and the most common sign is collapse. If your dog exhibits any of the following symptoms, seek immediate medical care:\\nVomiting\\nDiarrhea\\nLameness\\nCollapse\\nSeizure\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Some vaccines come in the form of reconstituted liquids that are carefully dropped or squeezed into your dog's nostril. As dogs tend to fidget during the process and it requires special equipment, you should have a veterinarian perform an intranasal vaccination.[13]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If possible, find a friend with a dog of her own to help you with the shot. That way, your friend is more likely to know how to handle a dog properly and in a manner that will cause minimal stress to the dog.\\n\", \"You may want to consider a muzzle to ensure that you do not get bitten during the injection. Even the nicest dogs do bite when frightened or restrained. You can buy soft and comfortable muzzles from your local pet supply store or you can secure your dog's mouth using a piece of gauze that you wrap around the muzzle and tie behind his ears.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Only attempt subcutaneous injections on your own. The other types are trickier, may require special equipment, and should only be attempted by someone with training in veterinary medicine.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,476
How to Administer Subcutaneous Fluids to a Dog
1. Assembling the Equipment 1-1. Organize all equipment in one area. To administer SQ fluids to your dog, you will need a fluid bag, fluid line (long plastic tube), needle, and metal coat hanger. To make the process more efficient, organize all the equipment in the area where you will be administering the fluid. The coat hanger will be used to hang the fluid bag once you have all the equipment assembled. In your vet's clinic, the staff would have your dog lay on a table for fluid administration; however, at home, it will probably be more convenient for your dog to sit or lay on the floor, or lay on another piece of furniture (if you allow your dog on your furniture). 1-2. Remove all packaging. Your vet may have already assembled the fluid therapy equipment for you. If not, you will need to do this yourself. First, remove the plastic packaging from the fluid bag and fluid line. The fluid line will have a plastic roller clamp, which you will open and close to start and stop the flow of fluid. When you take the fluid line out of the packaging, close the clamp. The clamp has a wheel-like apparatus. Roll this wheel with your thumb to close the clamp. The fluid line will squeeze in when you close the clamp. 1-3. Check the color and temperature of the SQ fluid. The fluid should be clear. If the fluid looks cloudy or discolored, do administer it — it could be contaminated with bacteria. The SQ fluid should be at room temperature (neither hot nor cold). Do not refrigerate the fluid bag. Do not warm up the fluid, either — this could make the fluid feel uncomfortably warm as it enters your dog's body. 1-4. Connect the drip line to the fluid bag. The fluid bag has a small opening on its bottom where the drip line will go. Turn the fluid bag upside down, remove the rubber seal from the bag, and insert the sharp, pointed end of the drip line into the opening. Twist this end into the opening to make sure it stays in place. To prevent fluid contamination, do not allow the pointed end of the drip line to touch anything before you insert it into the fluid bag. Turning the fluid bag upside down will prevent fluid from flowing into the fluid line and making a mess on your floor. Turn the bag right side up once you’ve inserted the drip line. Closing the clamp will also prevent fluid from spilling onto the floor when you connect the drip line. 1-5. Allow fluid to flow through the line. To prevent your dog from receiving a lot of air under their skin, allow some of the fluid to flow through the line first. To do this, open the plastic clamp on the fluid line. To prevent your floor from getting wet, position a small bowl or cup to catch the fluid as it runs through the line. You could also hold the bag and line over a sink. 1-6. Fill the drip chamber halfway. The top of the fluid line will have a clear plastic drip chamber. Fluid flows into this chamber before flowing through the rest of the line. Before you start administering the SQ fluids, squeeze the fluid bag to fill the drip chamber until it is about halfway full. 1-7. Attach a needle to the end of the fluid line. Your vet probably supplied with you several needles to use for administering SQ fluid. The end of each needle will have a plastic or metal hub. Screw this hub into the bottom of the drip line. Keep the needle cap on until you are ready to begin administering fluid to your dog. Needles come in different sizes. Your vet will have chosen the size needle that will be most comfortable for your dog. The larger the needle, the faster the flow of fluid; however, larger needles to cause more discomfort when entering the skin. 1-8. Hang the fluid bag. The fluid bag should hang a few feet above your dog to ensure a good flow of fluid. Take your metal coat hanger and slightly straighten the hook (there can still be some curve in the hook). Next, slide the opening in the top of the fluid bag through the coat hanger hook. Hang the coat hanger on the top of a door in the area where you will be administering the SQ fluids. 2. Starting the Fluid Administration 2-1. Position your dog comfortably. Fortunately, most pets don’t mind receiving SQ fluids. The entire process can take anywhere from five to 15 minutes, so you will want to your dog to get comfortable before you start giving the fluids. Pet and talk to your dog to help them become more comfortable. Do not ‘prep’ the skin by rubbing it with alcohol. Alcohol does not sterilize the skin. Also, the coldness of the alcohol will feel very uncomfortable to your dog when you insert the needle. 2-2. Create a skin tent. Making a skin tent will make it easier for you to place the needle just under the skin. With your nondominant hand, gently pull up your dog’s scruff (skin just behind the neck) with your thumb and index finger. Have the ‘triangles’ of the tent in line with your dog’s spine, rather than going from side to side. If you have someone assisting you, have them remove the needle cap while you are making the skin tent. If you are administering the SQ fluids on your own, you can remove the needle cap before making the skin tent; however, make sure the needle does not touch anything before you insert it into the skin. Do not try to remove the cap with your mouth. 2-3. Insert the needle into the tent. Hold the needle hub with your dominant hand. Position it behind the skin tent so it’s parallel with your dog’s spine (facing one of the tent triangles), with the hole of the needle facing up. Gently push the needle forward as you move the skin tent backward to meet the needle. Once the needle is under the skin, you can release the scruff. You will feel a ‘punch’ as the needle enters the skin. Do not hesitate when inserting the needle. This will slow the insertion and possibly cause discomfort for your dog. Because the needle is extremely sharp, your dog probably will only feel a slight prick, or nothing at all, when you insert it. 2-4. Open the clamp on the fluid line. With the needle under the skin, begin administering the fluid. Open the clamp on the fluid line by rolling the wheel on the clamp. The fluid should flow smoothly. If it is not flowing smoothly, or not flowing at all, it could be because the needle is not positioned well under the skin. Gently reposition the needle, without taking it out, until you see the fluid flow smoothly. 3. Performing the Fluid Administration 3-1. Administer the prescribed amount of fluid. Your vet will have prescribed how much SQ fluid to give your dog. On average, a dog or cat can receive 50 – 200 milliliters (mL) of fluid at one time. The amount of fluid your dog receives will depend on how dehydrated they are. Fluid bags typically contain one liter (1,000 mL) of fluid. The space between the numbers on the bag indicate 100 mL’s of fluid. Consider marking the bag with a marker to make it easier to see how much fluid to administer. Or, you could ask one of the vet’s staff members to mark the bag for you. 3-2. Watch for a fluid lump under your dog’s skin. As the fluid flows under the skin, a lump will start to form. Do not be alarmed! This is completely normal. When you finish administering the SQ fluids, it will take about four to 12 hours, or as long as 24 hours, for your dog’s body to absorb the fluids and for the lump to disappear. If you see the fluid on your dog’s fur rather the lump under the skin, that means the needle has gone through the skin (not that the lump has burst). Gently pull the needle back so it goes under the skin. If the fluid lump has not disappeared by the time you get ready to administer fluids again, contact your vet. When giving large volumes of SQ fluid, spread it over several different sites. 3-3. Pet and talk to your dog. Petting and talking to your dog can help your dog feel comfortable while they are receiving the SQ fluids. Those activities can also keep your dog pleasantly distracted during the process. Below are some things you can say to your dog: "You're being such a good dog!" "This will be over soon. Just stay still for a little while longer." You can also tell your dog about your day. 3-4. End the fluid administration. When your dog has received the prescribed amount of fluids, close the plastic clamp, then carefully recap and remove the needle. Do not throw the used needle in your regular trash. Instead, contact your vet for guidance on how to properly dispose of the needles. Your vet may advise you to return the used needles to the veterinary clinic. You might a see little fluid leak out when you remove the needle. The fluid may contain some blood. This is normal. If you see the leakage, put pressure on the area until the leakage stops. Place a new needle on the fluid line to prepare for the next fluid administration. 3-5. Administer the fluids in a different site each time. Choose a different location on your dog’s body to administer the SQ fluids. This will prevent one area from getting too sore from the needle insertion. Whichever area you choose, make sure you can pull up a lot of skin to create the tent. The larger the tent, the more fluid can go in that one area. Tips Contact your vet if you are having trouble administering SQ fluids to your dog. If you’d like, they could administer the fluids for you.[37] X Research source Consider having someone help you administer SQ fluids to your dog, at least until you are comfortable performing this procedure.[38] X Research source The other person can help hold your dog or place the needle under the skin. You may see a few air bubbles in the fluid line as you administer fluids. This is normal. Your dog’s body will absorb those air bubbles.[39] X Research source Warnings Administering SQ fluids that are contaminated with bacteria can cause a serious and possibly life-threatening infection.[40] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:25", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Assembling the Equipment\\n1-1. Organize all equipment in one area.\\nTo administer SQ fluids to your dog, you will need a fluid bag, fluid line (long plastic tube), needle, and metal coat hanger. To make the process more efficient, organize all the equipment in the area where you will be administering the fluid.\\nThe coat hanger will be used to hang the fluid bag once you have all the equipment assembled.\\nIn your vet's clinic, the staff would have your dog lay on a table for fluid administration; however, at home, it will probably be more convenient for your dog to sit or lay on the floor, or lay on another piece of furniture (if you allow your dog on your furniture).\\n1-2. Remove all packaging.\\nYour vet may have already assembled the fluid therapy equipment for you. If not, you will need to do this yourself. First, remove the plastic packaging from the fluid bag and fluid line. The fluid line will have a plastic roller clamp, which you will open and close to start and stop the flow of fluid. When you take the fluid line out of the packaging, close the clamp.\\nThe clamp has a wheel-like apparatus. Roll this wheel with your thumb to close the clamp. The fluid line will squeeze in when you close the clamp.\\n1-3. Check the color and temperature of the SQ fluid.\\nThe fluid should be clear. If the fluid looks cloudy or discolored, do administer it — it could be contaminated with bacteria.\\nThe SQ fluid should be at room temperature (neither hot nor cold). Do not refrigerate the fluid bag. Do not warm up the fluid, either — this could make the fluid feel uncomfortably warm as it enters your dog's body.\\n1-4. Connect the drip line to the fluid bag.\\nThe fluid bag has a small opening on its bottom where the drip line will go. Turn the fluid bag upside down, remove the rubber seal from the bag, and insert the sharp, pointed end of the drip line into the opening. Twist this end into the opening to make sure it stays in place.\\nTo prevent fluid contamination, do not allow the pointed end of the drip line to touch anything before you insert it into the fluid bag.\\nTurning the fluid bag upside down will prevent fluid from flowing into the fluid line and making a mess on your floor. Turn the bag right side up once you’ve inserted the drip line.\\nClosing the clamp will also prevent fluid from spilling onto the floor when you connect the drip line.\\n1-5. Allow fluid to flow through the line.\\nTo prevent your dog from receiving a lot of air under their skin, allow some of the fluid to flow through the line first. To do this, open the plastic clamp on the fluid line. To prevent your floor from getting wet, position a small bowl or cup to catch the fluid as it runs through the line.\\nYou could also hold the bag and line over a sink.\\n1-6. Fill the drip chamber halfway.\\nThe top of the fluid line will have a clear plastic drip chamber. Fluid flows into this chamber before flowing through the rest of the line. Before you start administering the SQ fluids, squeeze the fluid bag to fill the drip chamber until it is about halfway full.\\n1-7. Attach a needle to the end of the fluid line.\\nYour vet probably supplied with you several needles to use for administering SQ fluid. The end of each needle will have a plastic or metal hub. Screw this hub into the bottom of the drip line. Keep the needle cap on until you are ready to begin administering fluid to your dog.\\nNeedles come in different sizes. Your vet will have chosen the size needle that will be most comfortable for your dog.\\nThe larger the needle, the faster the flow of fluid; however, larger needles to cause more discomfort when entering the skin.\\n1-8. Hang the fluid bag.\\nThe fluid bag should hang a few feet above your dog to ensure a good flow of fluid. Take your metal coat hanger and slightly straighten the hook (there can still be some curve in the hook). Next, slide the opening in the top of the fluid bag through the coat hanger hook. Hang the coat hanger on the top of a door in the area where you will be administering the SQ fluids.\\n2. Starting the Fluid Administration\\n2-1. Position your dog comfortably.\\nFortunately, most pets don’t mind receiving SQ fluids. The entire process can take anywhere from five to 15 minutes, so you will want to your dog to get comfortable before you start giving the fluids.\\nPet and talk to your dog to help them become more comfortable.\\nDo not ‘prep’ the skin by rubbing it with alcohol. Alcohol does not sterilize the skin. Also, the coldness of the alcohol will feel very uncomfortable to your dog when you insert the needle.\\n2-2. Create a skin tent.\\nMaking a skin tent will make it easier for you to place the needle just under the skin. With your nondominant hand, gently pull up your dog’s scruff (skin just behind the neck) with your thumb and index finger. Have the ‘triangles’ of the tent in line with your dog’s spine, rather than going from side to side.\\nIf you have someone assisting you, have them remove the needle cap while you are making the skin tent.\\nIf you are administering the SQ fluids on your own, you can remove the needle cap before making the skin tent; however, make sure the needle does not touch anything before you insert it into the skin. Do not try to remove the cap with your mouth.\\n2-3. Insert the needle into the tent.\\nHold the needle hub with your dominant hand. Position it behind the skin tent so it’s parallel with your dog’s spine (facing one of the tent triangles), with the hole of the needle facing up. Gently push the needle forward as you move the skin tent backward to meet the needle. Once the needle is under the skin, you can release the scruff.\\nYou will feel a ‘punch’ as the needle enters the skin.\\nDo not hesitate when inserting the needle. This will slow the insertion and possibly cause discomfort for your dog.\\nBecause the needle is extremely sharp, your dog probably will only feel a slight prick, or nothing at all, when you insert it.\\n2-4. Open the clamp on the fluid line.\\nWith the needle under the skin, begin administering the fluid. Open the clamp on the fluid line by rolling the wheel on the clamp.\\nThe fluid should flow smoothly. If it is not flowing smoothly, or not flowing at all, it could be because the needle is not positioned well under the skin. Gently reposition the needle, without taking it out, until you see the fluid flow smoothly.\\n3. Performing the Fluid Administration\\n3-1. Administer the prescribed amount of fluid.\\nYour vet will have prescribed how much SQ fluid to give your dog. On average, a dog or cat can receive 50 – 200 milliliters (mL) of fluid at one time. The amount of fluid your dog receives will depend on how dehydrated they are.\\nFluid bags typically contain one liter (1,000 mL) of fluid. The space between the numbers on the bag indicate 100 mL’s of fluid.\\nConsider marking the bag with a marker to make it easier to see how much fluid to administer. Or, you could ask one of the vet’s staff members to mark the bag for you.\\n3-2. Watch for a fluid lump under your dog’s skin.\\nAs the fluid flows under the skin, a lump will start to form. Do not be alarmed! This is completely normal. When you finish administering the SQ fluids, it will take about four to 12 hours, or as long as 24 hours, for your dog’s body to absorb the fluids and for the lump to disappear.\\nIf you see the fluid on your dog’s fur rather the lump under the skin, that means the needle has gone through the skin (not that the lump has burst). Gently pull the needle back so it goes under the skin.\\nIf the fluid lump has not disappeared by the time you get ready to administer fluids again, contact your vet.\\nWhen giving large volumes of SQ fluid, spread it over several different sites.\\n3-3. Pet and talk to your dog.\\nPetting and talking to your dog can help your dog feel comfortable while they are receiving the SQ fluids. Those activities can also keep your dog pleasantly distracted during the process. Below are some things you can say to your dog:\\n\\\"You're being such a good dog!\\\"\\n\\\"This will be over soon. Just stay still for a little while longer.\\\"\\nYou can also tell your dog about your day.\\n3-4. End the fluid administration.\\nWhen your dog has received the prescribed amount of fluids, close the plastic clamp, then carefully recap and remove the needle. Do not throw the used needle in your regular trash. Instead, contact your vet for guidance on how to properly dispose of the needles. Your vet may advise you to return the used needles to the veterinary clinic.\\nYou might a see little fluid leak out when you remove the needle. The fluid may contain some blood. This is normal. If you see the leakage, put pressure on the area until the leakage stops.\\nPlace a new needle on the fluid line to prepare for the next fluid administration.\\n3-5. Administer the fluids in a different site each time.\\nChoose a different location on your dog’s body to administer the SQ fluids. This will prevent one area from getting too sore from the needle insertion. Whichever area you choose, make sure you can pull up a lot of skin to create the tent. The larger the tent, the more fluid can go in that one area.\\nTips\\nContact your vet if you are having trouble administering SQ fluids to your dog. If you’d like, they could administer the fluids for you.[37]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nConsider having someone help you administer SQ fluids to your dog, at least until you are comfortable performing this procedure.[38]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n The other person can help hold your dog or place the needle under the skin.\\nYou may see a few air bubbles in the fluid line as you administer fluids. This is normal. Your dog’s body will absorb those air bubbles.[39]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nAdministering SQ fluids that are contaminated with bacteria can cause a serious and possibly life-threatening infection.[40]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Your veterinarian may suggest giving your dog subcutaneous (SQ) fluids if they have a medical condition, such as canine kidney disease, that causes dehydration. Given under the skin, SQ fluids can help a dehydrated dog feel much better. If the thought of sticking a needle under your dog’s skin makes you nervous, don’t worry! Most pets tolerate the procedure quite well. To administer the fluids, you will need to learn how to assemble the fluid therapy equipment and get the fluid therapy started.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Assembling the Equipment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Organize all equipment in one area.\", \"描述\": \"To administer SQ fluids to your dog, you will need a fluid bag, fluid line (long plastic tube), needle, and metal coat hanger. To make the process more efficient, organize all the equipment in the area where you will be administering the fluid.\\nThe coat hanger will be used to hang the fluid bag once you have all the equipment assembled.\\nIn your vet's clinic, the staff would have your dog lay on a table for fluid administration; however, at home, it will probably be more convenient for your dog to sit or lay on the floor, or lay on another piece of furniture (if you allow your dog on your furniture).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remove all packaging.\", \"描述\": \"Your vet may have already assembled the fluid therapy equipment for you. If not, you will need to do this yourself. First, remove the plastic packaging from the fluid bag and fluid line. The fluid line will have a plastic roller clamp, which you will open and close to start and stop the flow of fluid. When you take the fluid line out of the packaging, close the clamp.\\nThe clamp has a wheel-like apparatus. Roll this wheel with your thumb to close the clamp. The fluid line will squeeze in when you close the clamp.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check the color and temperature of the SQ fluid.\", \"描述\": \"The fluid should be clear. If the fluid looks cloudy or discolored, do administer it — it could be contaminated with bacteria.\\nThe SQ fluid should be at room temperature (neither hot nor cold). Do not refrigerate the fluid bag. Do not warm up the fluid, either — this could make the fluid feel uncomfortably warm as it enters your dog's body.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Connect the drip line to the fluid bag.\", \"描述\": \"The fluid bag has a small opening on its bottom where the drip line will go. Turn the fluid bag upside down, remove the rubber seal from the bag, and insert the sharp, pointed end of the drip line into the opening. Twist this end into the opening to make sure it stays in place.\\nTo prevent fluid contamination, do not allow the pointed end of the drip line to touch anything before you insert it into the fluid bag.\\nTurning the fluid bag upside down will prevent fluid from flowing into the fluid line and making a mess on your floor. Turn the bag right side up once you’ve inserted the drip line.\\nClosing the clamp will also prevent fluid from spilling onto the floor when you connect the drip line.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Allow fluid to flow through the line.\", \"描述\": \"To prevent your dog from receiving a lot of air under their skin, allow some of the fluid to flow through the line first. To do this, open the plastic clamp on the fluid line. To prevent your floor from getting wet, position a small bowl or cup to catch the fluid as it runs through the line.\\nYou could also hold the bag and line over a sink.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Fill the drip chamber halfway.\", \"描述\": \"The top of the fluid line will have a clear plastic drip chamber. Fluid flows into this chamber before flowing through the rest of the line. Before you start administering the SQ fluids, squeeze the fluid bag to fill the drip chamber until it is about halfway full.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Attach a needle to the end of the fluid line.\", \"描述\": \"Your vet probably supplied with you several needles to use for administering SQ fluid. The end of each needle will have a plastic or metal hub. Screw this hub into the bottom of the drip line. Keep the needle cap on until you are ready to begin administering fluid to your dog.\\nNeedles come in different sizes. Your vet will have chosen the size needle that will be most comfortable for your dog.\\nThe larger the needle, the faster the flow of fluid; however, larger needles to cause more discomfort when entering the skin.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Hang the fluid bag.\", \"描述\": \"The fluid bag should hang a few feet above your dog to ensure a good flow of fluid. Take your metal coat hanger and slightly straighten the hook (there can still be some curve in the hook). Next, slide the opening in the top of the fluid bag through the coat hanger hook. Hang the coat hanger on the top of a door in the area where you will be administering the SQ fluids.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Starting the Fluid Administration\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Position your dog comfortably.\", \"描述\": \"Fortunately, most pets don’t mind receiving SQ fluids. The entire process can take anywhere from five to 15 minutes, so you will want to your dog to get comfortable before you start giving the fluids.\\nPet and talk to your dog to help them become more comfortable.\\nDo not ‘prep’ the skin by rubbing it with alcohol. Alcohol does not sterilize the skin. Also, the coldness of the alcohol will feel very uncomfortable to your dog when you insert the needle.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Create a skin tent.\", \"描述\": \"Making a skin tent will make it easier for you to place the needle just under the skin. With your nondominant hand, gently pull up your dog’s scruff (skin just behind the neck) with your thumb and index finger. Have the ‘triangles’ of the tent in line with your dog’s spine, rather than going from side to side.\\nIf you have someone assisting you, have them remove the needle cap while you are making the skin tent.\\nIf you are administering the SQ fluids on your own, you can remove the needle cap before making the skin tent; however, make sure the needle does not touch anything before you insert it into the skin. Do not try to remove the cap with your mouth.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Insert the needle into the tent.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the needle hub with your dominant hand. Position it behind the skin tent so it’s parallel with your dog’s spine (facing one of the tent triangles), with the hole of the needle facing up. Gently push the needle forward as you move the skin tent backward to meet the needle. Once the needle is under the skin, you can release the scruff.\\nYou will feel a ‘punch’ as the needle enters the skin.\\nDo not hesitate when inserting the needle. This will slow the insertion and possibly cause discomfort for your dog.\\nBecause the needle is extremely sharp, your dog probably will only feel a slight prick, or nothing at all, when you insert it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Open the clamp on the fluid line.\", \"描述\": \"With the needle under the skin, begin administering the fluid. Open the clamp on the fluid line by rolling the wheel on the clamp.\\nThe fluid should flow smoothly. If it is not flowing smoothly, or not flowing at all, it could be because the needle is not positioned well under the skin. Gently reposition the needle, without taking it out, until you see the fluid flow smoothly.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Performing the Fluid Administration\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Administer the prescribed amount of fluid.\", \"描述\": \"Your vet will have prescribed how much SQ fluid to give your dog. On average, a dog or cat can receive 50 – 200 milliliters (mL) of fluid at one time. The amount of fluid your dog receives will depend on how dehydrated they are.\\nFluid bags typically contain one liter (1,000 mL) of fluid. The space between the numbers on the bag indicate 100 mL’s of fluid.\\nConsider marking the bag with a marker to make it easier to see how much fluid to administer. Or, you could ask one of the vet’s staff members to mark the bag for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Watch for a fluid lump under your dog’s skin.\", \"描述\": \"As the fluid flows under the skin, a lump will start to form. Do not be alarmed! This is completely normal. When you finish administering the SQ fluids, it will take about four to 12 hours, or as long as 24 hours, for your dog’s body to absorb the fluids and for the lump to disappear.\\nIf you see the fluid on your dog’s fur rather the lump under the skin, that means the needle has gone through the skin (not that the lump has burst). Gently pull the needle back so it goes under the skin.\\nIf the fluid lump has not disappeared by the time you get ready to administer fluids again, contact your vet.\\nWhen giving large volumes of SQ fluid, spread it over several different sites.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pet and talk to your dog.\", \"描述\": \"Petting and talking to your dog can help your dog feel comfortable while they are receiving the SQ fluids. Those activities can also keep your dog pleasantly distracted during the process. Below are some things you can say to your dog:\\n\\\"You're being such a good dog!\\\"\\n\\\"This will be over soon. Just stay still for a little while longer.\\\"\\nYou can also tell your dog about your day.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"End the fluid administration.\", \"描述\": \"When your dog has received the prescribed amount of fluids, close the plastic clamp, then carefully recap and remove the needle. Do not throw the used needle in your regular trash. Instead, contact your vet for guidance on how to properly dispose of the needles. Your vet may advise you to return the used needles to the veterinary clinic.\\nYou might a see little fluid leak out when you remove the needle. The fluid may contain some blood. This is normal. If you see the leakage, put pressure on the area until the leakage stops.\\nPlace a new needle on the fluid line to prepare for the next fluid administration.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Administer the fluids in a different site each time.\", \"描述\": \"Choose a different location on your dog’s body to administer the SQ fluids. This will prevent one area from getting too sore from the needle insertion. Whichever area you choose, make sure you can pull up a lot of skin to create the tent. The larger the tent, the more fluid can go in that one area.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Contact your vet if you are having trouble administering SQ fluids to your dog. If you’d like, they could administer the fluids for you.[37]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Consider having someone help you administer SQ fluids to your dog, at least until you are comfortable performing this procedure.[38]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n The other person can help hold your dog or place the needle under the skin.\\n\", \"You may see a few air bubbles in the fluid line as you administer fluids. This is normal. Your dog’s body will absorb those air bubbles.[39]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Administering SQ fluids that are contaminated with bacteria can cause a serious and possibly life-threatening infection.[40]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,477
How to Administer Sublingual Medication
1. Preparing to Administer Sublingual Medication 1-1. Wash your hands. This should be done before and after administering medication in order to prevent the spread of germs and infectious diseases. Lather anti-bacterial hand soap between hands, working between fingers and under fingernails. Scrub for at least 20 seconds. Rinse hands thoroughly under warm water. Be sure that all soap is washed off, and any visible dirt is gone. Dry hands with a clean, disposable paper towel. 1-2. Put on clean, disposable gloves if administering medication to someone else. Wearing latex or nitrile gloves prevents germs from being passed to the patient, and also protects the person administering medication. Be sure that your patient does not have a latex allergy before using latex gloves. 1-3. Double-check that the medication is prescribed to be taken sublingually. Taking non-sublingual medications under the tongue can reduce the efficacy of that medication. Common sublingual medications include: heart medication (such as nitroglycerin and verapamil) certain steroids certain opioids certain barbiturates enzymes certain vitamins and minerals certain mental health medications 1-4. Double-check the frequency and dosage of medication prescribed. Before taking or administering any medication, it is important to confirm that the correct dosage is prepared and is being taken/given at the proper intervals. 1-5. Cut the pill, if necessary. Some oral medications only require that a portion of the pill be taken, if it is being administered sublingually. If this is the case, you may need to cut the pill before it can be taken. Use a pill cutter if at all possible. This is more precise than simply breaking a pill apart by hand or using a knife. Clean the blade before and after cutting the pill. This is important, both to prevent the pill from being contaminated and from accidentally contaminating other medications. 2. Administering Sublingual Medication 2-1. Sit upright. The person taking any medication should always be situated in an upright sitting position before medication is administered. Do not allow the individual to lie down or try to administer the medication when the person is unconscious. This could lead to accidental aspiration of the medication. 2-2. Do not eat or drink when administering medication. Rinse your mouth out with water prior to administering medication. It's important not to eat or drink when sublingual medication is administered because this increases the risk of the medication being swallowed, which will make it less effective. 2-3. Do not smoke for at least an hour before you take sublingual medication. Cigarette smoke constricts the blood vessels and mucous membranes in the mouth, which will reduce the absorption level of the sublingual medication. 2-4. Be aware of the possible risks. Because sublingual medication is administered in the mouth, patients with open mouth sores may experience pain or irritation. Eating, drinking, and smoking can all interfere with absorption and dosage rates. It is generally recommended that sublingual medications should not be used for prolonged periods of time. 2-5. Place the medication under the tongue. Medication can be administered on either side of the frenulum (the connective tissue under the tongue). Tilt head forward to avoid swallowing medication. 2-6. Hold the sublingual medication under the tongue for the prescribed length of time. Most medications should have a dissolve time of approximately one to three minutes. Avoid opening the mouth, eating, talking, moving or standing during this time to ensure that the tablet doesn't move and has time to dissolve completely and be absorbed. The onset of action of sublingual nitroglycerin is within 5 minutes and the duration can last up to 30 minutes. The amount of time it takes to dissolve may vary from one medication to the next. Consult with a pharmacist or talk to your doctor about how long it will take for your medication to dissolve sublingually. If the sublingual nitroglycerin is potent a subtle tingling sensation should be felt on the tongue. 2-7. Do not swallow the medication. Sublingual medication needs to be absorbed under the tongue. Swallowing sublingual medication may cause erratic or incomplete absorption and could lead to improper dosing. Ask your doctor or a pharmacist how to correct your dosage in case of accidental swallowing of sublingual medication. 2-8. Wait before drinking or rinsing the mouth. This will ensure that the medication has dissolved completely and has had a chance to absorb into the mucous membranes. Tips Depending on how long it takes for the medication to dissolve, it may be helpful to have some type of non-verbal activity prepared. Try reading a book or magazine, or watching television. Try sucking on a mint or having a small sip of water immediately before taking the pill to help facilitate salivation. Warnings Do not attempt to take any medication sublingually that was not prescribed as such. Some medications require digestive action to absorb, and may be less effective or even harmful if taken sublingually.[11] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:26", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing to Administer Sublingual Medication\\n1-1. Wash your hands.\\nThis should be done before and after administering medication in order to prevent the spread of germs and infectious diseases.\\nLather anti-bacterial hand soap between hands, working between fingers and under fingernails. Scrub for at least 20 seconds.\\nRinse hands thoroughly under warm water. Be sure that all soap is washed off, and any visible dirt is gone.\\nDry hands with a clean, disposable paper towel.\\n1-2. Put on clean, disposable gloves if administering medication to someone else.\\nWearing latex or nitrile gloves prevents germs from being passed to the patient, and also protects the person administering medication.\\nBe sure that your patient does not have a latex allergy before using latex gloves.\\n1-3. Double-check that the medication is prescribed to be taken sublingually.\\nTaking non-sublingual medications under the tongue can reduce the efficacy of that medication. Common sublingual medications include:\\nheart medication (such as nitroglycerin and verapamil)\\ncertain steroids\\ncertain opioids\\ncertain barbiturates\\nenzymes\\ncertain vitamins and minerals\\ncertain mental health medications\\n1-4. Double-check the frequency and dosage of medication prescribed.\\nBefore taking or administering any medication, it is important to confirm that the correct dosage is prepared and is being taken/given at the proper intervals.\\n1-5. Cut the pill, if necessary.\\nSome oral medications only require that a portion of the pill be taken, if it is being administered sublingually. If this is the case, you may need to cut the pill before it can be taken.\\nUse a pill cutter if at all possible. This is more precise than simply breaking a pill apart by hand or using a knife.\\nClean the blade before and after cutting the pill. This is important, both to prevent the pill from being contaminated and from accidentally contaminating other medications.\\n2. Administering Sublingual Medication\\n2-1. Sit upright.\\nThe person taking any medication should always be situated in an upright sitting position before medication is administered.\\nDo not allow the individual to lie down or try to administer the medication when the person is unconscious. This could lead to accidental aspiration of the medication.\\n2-2. Do not eat or drink when administering medication.\\nRinse your mouth out with water prior to administering medication. It's important not to eat or drink when sublingual medication is administered because this increases the risk of the medication being swallowed, which will make it less effective.\\n2-3. Do not smoke for at least an hour before you take sublingual medication.\\nCigarette smoke constricts the blood vessels and mucous membranes in the mouth, which will reduce the absorption level of the sublingual medication.\\n2-4. Be aware of the possible risks.\\nBecause sublingual medication is administered in the mouth, patients with open mouth sores may experience pain or irritation. Eating, drinking, and smoking can all interfere with absorption and dosage rates. It is generally recommended that sublingual medications should not be used for prolonged periods of time.\\n2-5. Place the medication under the tongue.\\nMedication can be administered on either side of the frenulum (the connective tissue under the tongue).\\nTilt head forward to avoid swallowing medication.\\n2-6. Hold the sublingual medication under the tongue for the prescribed length of time.\\nMost medications should have a dissolve time of approximately one to three minutes. Avoid opening the mouth, eating, talking, moving or standing during this time to ensure that the tablet doesn't move and has time to dissolve completely and be absorbed.\\nThe onset of action of sublingual nitroglycerin is within 5 minutes and the duration can last up to 30 minutes. The amount of time it takes to dissolve may vary from one medication to the next. Consult with a pharmacist or talk to your doctor about how long it will take for your medication to dissolve sublingually.\\nIf the sublingual nitroglycerin is potent a subtle tingling sensation should be felt on the tongue.\\n2-7. Do not swallow the medication.\\nSublingual medication needs to be absorbed under the tongue.\\nSwallowing sublingual medication may cause erratic or incomplete absorption and could lead to improper dosing.\\nAsk your doctor or a pharmacist how to correct your dosage in case of accidental swallowing of sublingual medication.\\n2-8. Wait before drinking or rinsing the mouth.\\nThis will ensure that the medication has dissolved completely and has had a chance to absorb into the mucous membranes.\\nTips\\nDepending on how long it takes for the medication to dissolve, it may be helpful to have some type of non-verbal activity prepared. Try reading a book or magazine, or watching television.\\nTry sucking on a mint or having a small sip of water immediately before taking the pill to help facilitate salivation.\\nWarnings\\nDo not attempt to take any medication sublingually that was not prescribed as such. Some medications require digestive action to absorb, and may be less effective or even harmful if taken sublingually.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Sublingual medications are orally disintegrating or dissolving medications that are administered by being placed under the tongue. These medications are transferred to the bloodstream from the mucous membranes in the mouth after dissolving, allowing for quick absorption that avoids the loss of potency which may come with first-pass metabolism in the stomach and liver. Doctors may recommend sublingual medications to treat certain conditions, or if a patient has trouble swallowing or digesting medication. Understanding how to administer sublingual medication can help ensure proper dosing and efficacy of the medication.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Administer Sublingual Medication\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wash your hands.\", \"描述\": \"This should be done before and after administering medication in order to prevent the spread of germs and infectious diseases.\\nLather anti-bacterial hand soap between hands, working between fingers and under fingernails. Scrub for at least 20 seconds.\\nRinse hands thoroughly under warm water. Be sure that all soap is washed off, and any visible dirt is gone.\\nDry hands with a clean, disposable paper towel.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Put on clean, disposable gloves if administering medication to someone else.\", \"描述\": \"Wearing latex or nitrile gloves prevents germs from being passed to the patient, and also protects the person administering medication.\\nBe sure that your patient does not have a latex allergy before using latex gloves.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Double-check that the medication is prescribed to be taken sublingually.\", \"描述\": \"Taking non-sublingual medications under the tongue can reduce the efficacy of that medication. Common sublingual medications include:\\nheart medication (such as nitroglycerin and verapamil)\\ncertain steroids\\ncertain opioids\\ncertain barbiturates\\nenzymes\\ncertain vitamins and minerals\\ncertain mental health medications\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Double-check the frequency and dosage of medication prescribed.\", \"描述\": \"Before taking or administering any medication, it is important to confirm that the correct dosage is prepared and is being taken/given at the proper intervals.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Cut the pill, if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Some oral medications only require that a portion of the pill be taken, if it is being administered sublingually. If this is the case, you may need to cut the pill before it can be taken.\\nUse a pill cutter if at all possible. This is more precise than simply breaking a pill apart by hand or using a knife.\\nClean the blade before and after cutting the pill. This is important, both to prevent the pill from being contaminated and from accidentally contaminating other medications.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Administering Sublingual Medication\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sit upright.\", \"描述\": \"The person taking any medication should always be situated in an upright sitting position before medication is administered.\\nDo not allow the individual to lie down or try to administer the medication when the person is unconscious. This could lead to accidental aspiration of the medication.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Do not eat or drink when administering medication.\", \"描述\": \"Rinse your mouth out with water prior to administering medication. It's important not to eat or drink when sublingual medication is administered because this increases the risk of the medication being swallowed, which will make it less effective.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do not smoke for at least an hour before you take sublingual medication.\", \"描述\": \"Cigarette smoke constricts the blood vessels and mucous membranes in the mouth, which will reduce the absorption level of the sublingual medication.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be aware of the possible risks.\", \"描述\": \"Because sublingual medication is administered in the mouth, patients with open mouth sores may experience pain or irritation. Eating, drinking, and smoking can all interfere with absorption and dosage rates. It is generally recommended that sublingual medications should not be used for prolonged periods of time.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Place the medication under the tongue.\", \"描述\": \"Medication can be administered on either side of the frenulum (the connective tissue under the tongue).\\nTilt head forward to avoid swallowing medication.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Hold the sublingual medication under the tongue for the prescribed length of time.\", \"描述\": \"Most medications should have a dissolve time of approximately one to three minutes. Avoid opening the mouth, eating, talking, moving or standing during this time to ensure that the tablet doesn't move and has time to dissolve completely and be absorbed.\\nThe onset of action of sublingual nitroglycerin is within 5 minutes and the duration can last up to 30 minutes. The amount of time it takes to dissolve may vary from one medication to the next. Consult with a pharmacist or talk to your doctor about how long it will take for your medication to dissolve sublingually.\\nIf the sublingual nitroglycerin is potent a subtle tingling sensation should be felt on the tongue.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Do not swallow the medication.\", \"描述\": \"Sublingual medication needs to be absorbed under the tongue.\\nSwallowing sublingual medication may cause erratic or incomplete absorption and could lead to improper dosing.\\nAsk your doctor or a pharmacist how to correct your dosage in case of accidental swallowing of sublingual medication.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Wait before drinking or rinsing the mouth.\", \"描述\": \"This will ensure that the medication has dissolved completely and has had a chance to absorb into the mucous membranes.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Depending on how long it takes for the medication to dissolve, it may be helpful to have some type of non-verbal activity prepared. Try reading a book or magazine, or watching television.\\n\", \"Try sucking on a mint or having a small sip of water immediately before taking the pill to help facilitate salivation.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not attempt to take any medication sublingually that was not prescribed as such. Some medications require digestive action to absorb, and may be less effective or even harmful if taken sublingually.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,478
How to Administer a Flu Shot
1. Preparing to Vaccinate 1-1. Avoid pre-filled vaccine syringes. The term "pre-filled vaccine syringes", in this case, is not referring to influenza vaccine syringes specifically manufactured as individual doses by the vaccine manufacturer, and, instead, refers to multiple, individual dose syringes filled from either single-dose or multi-dose vials before patients arrive at the clinic. If you are running a flu-shot clinic, try not to use pre-filled vaccine syringes. This can help avoid administration errors. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) suggests that the person who administers the vaccine should be the one who draws it from the vial. 1-2. Take patient safety precautions. Before administering the vaccine, you want to take several precautionary measures with the patient, including ensuring that he hasn't already had his annual vaccination. This can help ensure that the patient isn’t overexposed to the virus or has a history of bad reactions to the vaccine. Always inquire about allergies to avoid giving a medication to a patient with previous reactions. If the patient is unclear, request formal medical record. Always use a two step identification process asking for the patient's name and date of birth, to ensure the right patient is receiving the injection. Get a copy of the patient’s medical history. This can prevent medical errors. Ask the patient if he’s had a history of bad reactions to the flu shot. Fever, dizziness or muscle pain may are common side effects of receiving the flu shot and should go away with time. Signs of severe allergy can include difficulty breathing, hives, wheezing, weakness and dizziness or heart palpitations. These symptoms are serious and should be evaluated immediately. The Flublok influenza vaccine may be a good option for those people who have had allergic reactions in the past. It is prepared without the use of eggs, which can sometimes be the cause of an allergic reaction. It also does not use the actual flu virus itself to create a vaccine. 1-3. Provide the patient with a Vaccine Information Statement (VIS). Every person who receives a flu shot receive this statement. It explains the type of vaccine they received and how it works to keep them safe and eliminate flu epidemics. Document the date you provided the patient with the statement. Write it in the patient's chart or other vaccination record, if available. Ask the patient if she has any questions before continuing on to administer the dosage. In the medical record, it is important to include the expiration date of vaccine and lot number in case this information is needed in the future. The Centers for Disease Control also offers copies of the VIS on their website for informative purposes. 1-4. Wash your hands. Use soap and water to wash your hands before giving an injection of any kind. This can help prevent the spread of the flu virus or any other bacteria you or the patient may have. You don’t need special soap to clean your hands, any type will do; however, it is recommended to use an antibacterial soap if possible. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds. If you like, use a hand sanitizer after you’ve washed your hands to kill any other bacteria you may have missed. 2. Injecting the Vaccine 2-1. Clean the area where you will administer the shot. Most flu vaccines are injected on the deltoid muscle of the right arm. Using a newly opened alcohol pad, lightly clean the deltoid area of the upper arm. This can help ensure the that no bacteria enters the injection site. Make sure to use single-dose alcohol pad. If the person has a large or especially hairy arm, consider using two alcohol pads to help ensure the deltoid area is clean. 2-2. Select a clean, single-use needle. Choose a needle appropriate for the size of your patient. Make sure it is a single-use needle that was sealed prior to the vaccine, which can help prevent the spread of diseases. Use a needle 1 to 1.5" (2.5 to 3.8 cm) in length for an adult who weighs 132 lbs (60 kg) or more. This is a standard-sized needle, 22 – 25 gauge. Use a needle 5/8" (1.58 cm) in length for children and adults who weigh less than 132 lbs (60 kg). Stretch the skin tightly when using a smaller needle. 2-3. Place the needle on a new syringe. Once you’ve selected the proper sized needle for your patient, place it on the syringe into which you will fill the vaccine. Make sure to select a new, single-use syringe to minimize the risk of infecting your patient with bacteria or other diseases. 2-4. Fill the syringe with the flu vaccine. Using a vial of the flu vaccine, or TIV-IM, fill your syringe with the appropriate dosage for your patient. The patient's age determines the proper dosage amount. Give 0.25 mL (0.05 tsp) to children from 6 months to 35 months in age. Give 0.5 mL (0.1 tsp) to all patients older than 35 months. For adults age 65 years and older, you may give 0.5 mL of high-dose TIV-IM. If you do not have 0.5ml syringes, you may use two single 0.25ml syringes. 2-5. Inject the needle into the patient's deltoid muscle. Gather your patient’s deltoid muscle between your fingers and hold it somewhat tightly. Ask your patient which is his dominant hand, and inject the vaccine in the opposite arm to help prevent soreness. If this is your first time administering a flu shot, you should have a seasoned nurse is monitoring your technique. Find the thickest part of the deltoid, which is often above the armpit and below the acromion, or top of the shoulder. Firmly guide the needle into deltoid in one smooth action. The should be at at a 90 degree angle to the skin. For a child under four, inject the shot into the outer quadricep muscle, because they do not have enough muscle in the deltoid area. 2-6. Administer the vaccine until the syringe is empty. Make sure to deliver the entire amount of vaccine in the syringe. Your patient needs the full dosage for optimum efficacy. If your patient is showing signs of discomfort, soothe or distract her by talking to her or putting a tv show on. 2-7. Remove the needle from your patient. Once you administer the entire dosage, take the needle out of your patient. Apply pressure to the injection site to minimize pain and cover with a bandage. Tell your patient that some soreness is normal and shouldn't be cause for alarm. Make sure to remove the needle and apply pressure simultaneously. You can choose to cover the injection site with a bandage. You may find that this also calms many patients. 2-8. Document the vaccine in the patient's medical record or immunization record. Include the date and place of vaccination. The patient will need these records in the future, and you may, too, if you remain their primary caregiver. It can help ensure that the patient doesn’t get too many doses of or overexposure to the vaccine. 2-9. Inform parents of young children that they will require a second shot. For children between six months and eight years old, a second dose of the vaccine may be required four weeks after the first dose. If the child has never been vaccinated or his vaccination history is unknown, or if he has not received at least two doses of the vaccine before July 1, 2015, then he will need to follow up with a second shot. 2-10. Instruct the patient to report any side effects. Tell your patient to be aware of any side effects from the vaccine such as fever or aches. Although most side effects will go away on their own, if they are serious or persistent, instruct your patient to contact you. Make sure you have emergency medical protocol available if a worst-case situation happens. In addition, have the patient's emergency contact information on hand. 3. Preventing the Flu 3-1. Wash your hands frequently. One of the most effective ways to prevent the flu is thorough and frequent hand-washing. This minimizes the spread of bacteria and the flu virus from surfaces that many people touch. Use a mild soap and water and wash your hands in warm water for at least 20 seconds. Use a hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available. 3-2. Cover your nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing. If you have the flu, and out of common courtesy, cover both your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze. If possible, cough or sneeze into a tissue or the crook of your elbow to avoid contaminating your hands. Covering your nose and mouth minimizes the risk of spreading flu to those around you. Make sure you are sanitizing your hand with a thorough hand-washing after you sneeze, cough, or blow your nose. 3-3. Stay away from crowded spaces. The flu is very contagious and spreads most easily in places where crowds congregate. Staying away from crowded spaces can help minimize your risk of contracting the flu. Make sure to wash your hands after touching anything in crowded spaces, such as handles in public transportation. If you have the flu, stay home for at least 24 hours to help minimize the risk of spreading the flu to others. 3-4. Disinfect shared surfaces and spaces often. Germs spread easily in places such as bathrooms or on kitchen surfaces. Cleaning and disinfecting these spaces frequently may help prevent spreading the flu virus. Tips If someone who is immunocompromised needs a flu vaccine, it needs to be via a flu shot containing a dead virus — not the flu mist — and must be authorized by their healthcare practitioner. Healthcare workers may be at high risk for contracting and spreading the flu if they do not receive a flu shot. Lead by example and make sure you get vaccinated every season. If you are caring for someone who is immunocompromised, make sure you get vaccinated for that person's protection. He may not be well enough to receive the flu shot, so all persons around them must be vaccinated to protect him. Warnings Do not vaccinate children who are younger than six months. Encourage parents and other caregivers of infants to be vaccinated instead.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:26", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing to Vaccinate\\n1-1. Avoid pre-filled vaccine syringes.\\nThe term \\\"pre-filled vaccine syringes\\\", in this case, is not referring to influenza vaccine syringes specifically manufactured as individual doses by the vaccine manufacturer, and, instead, refers to multiple, individual dose syringes filled from either single-dose or multi-dose vials before patients arrive at the clinic. If you are running a flu-shot clinic, try not to use pre-filled vaccine syringes. This can help avoid administration errors.\\nThe Centers for Disease Control (CDC) suggests that the person who administers the vaccine should be the one who draws it from the vial.\\n1-2. Take patient safety precautions.\\nBefore administering the vaccine, you want to take several precautionary measures with the patient, including ensuring that he hasn't already had his annual vaccination. This can help ensure that the patient isn’t overexposed to the virus or has a history of bad reactions to the vaccine. Always inquire about allergies to avoid giving a medication to a patient with previous reactions. If the patient is unclear, request formal medical record. Always use a two step identification process asking for the patient's name and date of birth, to ensure the right patient is receiving the injection. \\nGet a copy of the patient’s medical history. This can prevent medical errors.\\nAsk the patient if he’s had a history of bad reactions to the flu shot. Fever, dizziness or muscle pain may are common side effects of receiving the flu shot and should go away with time. Signs of severe allergy can include difficulty breathing, hives, wheezing, weakness and dizziness or heart palpitations. These symptoms are serious and should be evaluated immediately.\\nThe Flublok influenza vaccine may be a good option for those people who have had allergic reactions in the past. It is prepared without the use of eggs, which can sometimes be the cause of an allergic reaction. It also does not use the actual flu virus itself to create a vaccine.\\n1-3. Provide the patient with a Vaccine Information Statement (VIS).\\nEvery person who receives a flu shot receive this statement. It explains the type of vaccine they received and how it works to keep them safe and eliminate flu epidemics.\\nDocument the date you provided the patient with the statement. Write it in the patient's chart or other vaccination record, if available. Ask the patient if she has any questions before continuing on to administer the dosage. In the medical record, it is important to include the expiration date of vaccine and lot number in case this information is needed in the future.\\nThe Centers for Disease Control also offers copies of the VIS on their website for informative purposes.\\n1-4. Wash your hands.\\nUse soap and water to wash your hands before giving an injection of any kind. This can help prevent the spread of the flu virus or any other bacteria you or the patient may have.\\nYou don’t need special soap to clean your hands, any type will do; however, it is recommended to use an antibacterial soap if possible. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds.\\nIf you like, use a hand sanitizer after you’ve washed your hands to kill any other bacteria you may have missed.\\n2. Injecting the Vaccine\\n2-1. Clean the area where you will administer the shot.\\nMost flu vaccines are injected on the deltoid muscle of the right arm. Using a newly opened alcohol pad, lightly clean the deltoid area of the upper arm. This can help ensure the that no bacteria enters the injection site.\\nMake sure to use single-dose alcohol pad.\\nIf the person has a large or especially hairy arm, consider using two alcohol pads to help ensure the deltoid area is clean.\\n2-2. Select a clean, single-use needle.\\nChoose a needle appropriate for the size of your patient. Make sure it is a single-use needle that was sealed prior to the vaccine, which can help prevent the spread of diseases.\\nUse a needle 1 to 1.5\\\" (2.5 to 3.8 cm) in length for an adult who weighs 132 lbs (60 kg) or more. This is a standard-sized needle, 22 – 25 gauge.\\nUse a needle 5/8\\\" (1.58 cm) in length for children and adults who weigh less than 132 lbs (60 kg). Stretch the skin tightly when using a smaller needle.\\n2-3. Place the needle on a new syringe.\\nOnce you’ve selected the proper sized needle for your patient, place it on the syringe into which you will fill the vaccine. Make sure to select a new, single-use syringe to minimize the risk of infecting your patient with bacteria or other diseases.\\n2-4. Fill the syringe with the flu vaccine.\\nUsing a vial of the flu vaccine, or TIV-IM, fill your syringe with the appropriate dosage for your patient. The patient's age determines the proper dosage amount.\\nGive 0.25 mL (0.05 tsp) to children from 6 months to 35 months in age.\\nGive 0.5 mL (0.1 tsp) to all patients older than 35 months.\\nFor adults age 65 years and older, you may give 0.5 mL of high-dose TIV-IM.\\nIf you do not have 0.5ml syringes, you may use two single 0.25ml syringes.\\n2-5. Inject the needle into the patient's deltoid muscle.\\nGather your patient’s deltoid muscle between your fingers and hold it somewhat tightly. Ask your patient which is his dominant hand, and inject the vaccine in the opposite arm to help prevent soreness. If this is your first time administering a flu shot, you should have a seasoned nurse is monitoring your technique.\\nFind the thickest part of the deltoid, which is often above the armpit and below the acromion, or top of the shoulder. Firmly guide the needle into deltoid in one smooth action. The should be at at a 90 degree angle to the skin.\\nFor a child under four, inject the shot into the outer quadricep muscle, because they do not have enough muscle in the deltoid area.\\n2-6. Administer the vaccine until the syringe is empty.\\nMake sure to deliver the entire amount of vaccine in the syringe. Your patient needs the full dosage for optimum efficacy.\\nIf your patient is showing signs of discomfort, soothe or distract her by talking to her or putting a tv show on.\\n2-7. Remove the needle from your patient.\\nOnce you administer the entire dosage, take the needle out of your patient. Apply pressure to the injection site to minimize pain and cover with a bandage.\\nTell your patient that some soreness is normal and shouldn't be cause for alarm.\\nMake sure to remove the needle and apply pressure simultaneously.\\nYou can choose to cover the injection site with a bandage. You may find that this also calms many patients.\\n2-8. Document the vaccine in the patient's medical record or immunization record.\\nInclude the date and place of vaccination. The patient will need these records in the future, and you may, too, if you remain their primary caregiver. It can help ensure that the patient doesn’t get too many doses of or overexposure to the vaccine.\\n2-9. Inform parents of young children that they will require a second shot.\\nFor children between six months and eight years old, a second dose of the vaccine may be required four weeks after the first dose. If the child has never been vaccinated or his vaccination history is unknown, or if he has not received at least two doses of the vaccine before July 1, 2015, then he will need to follow up with a second shot.\\n2-10. Instruct the patient to report any side effects.\\nTell your patient to be aware of any side effects from the vaccine such as fever or aches. Although most side effects will go away on their own, if they are serious or persistent, instruct your patient to contact you.\\nMake sure you have emergency medical protocol available if a worst-case situation happens. In addition, have the patient's emergency contact information on hand.\\n3. Preventing the Flu\\n3-1. Wash your hands frequently.\\nOne of the most effective ways to prevent the flu is thorough and frequent hand-washing. This minimizes the spread of bacteria and the flu virus from surfaces that many people touch.\\nUse a mild soap and water and wash your hands in warm water for at least 20 seconds.\\nUse a hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available.\\n3-2. Cover your nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing.\\nIf you have the flu, and out of common courtesy, cover both your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze. If possible, cough or sneeze into a tissue or the crook of your elbow to avoid contaminating your hands.\\nCovering your nose and mouth minimizes the risk of spreading flu to those around you.\\nMake sure you are sanitizing your hand with a thorough hand-washing after you sneeze, cough, or blow your nose.\\n3-3. Stay away from crowded spaces.\\nThe flu is very contagious and spreads most easily in places where crowds congregate. Staying away from crowded spaces can help minimize your risk of contracting the flu.\\nMake sure to wash your hands after touching anything in crowded spaces, such as handles in public transportation.\\nIf you have the flu, stay home for at least 24 hours to help minimize the risk of spreading the flu to others.\\n3-4. Disinfect shared surfaces and spaces often.\\nGerms spread easily in places such as bathrooms or on kitchen surfaces. Cleaning and disinfecting these spaces frequently may help prevent spreading the flu virus.\\nTips\\nIf someone who is immunocompromised needs a flu vaccine, it needs to be via a flu shot containing a dead virus — not the flu mist — and must be authorized by their healthcare practitioner.\\nHealthcare workers may be at high risk for contracting and spreading the flu if they do not receive a flu shot. Lead by example and make sure you get vaccinated every season.\\nIf you are caring for someone who is immunocompromised, make sure you get vaccinated for that person's protection. He may not be well enough to receive the flu shot, so all persons around them must be vaccinated to protect him.\\nWarnings\\nDo not vaccinate children who are younger than six months. Encourage parents and other caregivers of infants to be vaccinated instead.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Experts say that an annual flu shot is your best bet for preventing the flu, but it's not 100% effective. Typically, the annual flu shot will protect you against 3 or 4 strains of the virus that are expected to be prevalent that flu season. Research suggests that flu shots are usually given in the upper arm, and you may get a specific type recommended for your age group. Fortunately, flu shots are fairly easy to administer.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Vaccinate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid pre-filled vaccine syringes.\", \"描述\": \"The term \\\"pre-filled vaccine syringes\\\", in this case, is not referring to influenza vaccine syringes specifically manufactured as individual doses by the vaccine manufacturer, and, instead, refers to multiple, individual dose syringes filled from either single-dose or multi-dose vials before patients arrive at the clinic. If you are running a flu-shot clinic, try not to use pre-filled vaccine syringes. This can help avoid administration errors.\\nThe Centers for Disease Control (CDC) suggests that the person who administers the vaccine should be the one who draws it from the vial.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take patient safety precautions.\", \"描述\": \"Before administering the vaccine, you want to take several precautionary measures with the patient, including ensuring that he hasn't already had his annual vaccination. This can help ensure that the patient isn’t overexposed to the virus or has a history of bad reactions to the vaccine. Always inquire about allergies to avoid giving a medication to a patient with previous reactions. If the patient is unclear, request formal medical record. Always use a two step identification process asking for the patient's name and date of birth, to ensure the right patient is receiving the injection. \\nGet a copy of the patient’s medical history. This can prevent medical errors.\\nAsk the patient if he’s had a history of bad reactions to the flu shot. Fever, dizziness or muscle pain may are common side effects of receiving the flu shot and should go away with time. Signs of severe allergy can include difficulty breathing, hives, wheezing, weakness and dizziness or heart palpitations. These symptoms are serious and should be evaluated immediately.\\nThe Flublok influenza vaccine may be a good option for those people who have had allergic reactions in the past. It is prepared without the use of eggs, which can sometimes be the cause of an allergic reaction. It also does not use the actual flu virus itself to create a vaccine.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Provide the patient with a Vaccine Information Statement (VIS).\", \"描述\": \"Every person who receives a flu shot receive this statement. It explains the type of vaccine they received and how it works to keep them safe and eliminate flu epidemics.\\nDocument the date you provided the patient with the statement. Write it in the patient's chart or other vaccination record, if available. Ask the patient if she has any questions before continuing on to administer the dosage. In the medical record, it is important to include the expiration date of vaccine and lot number in case this information is needed in the future.\\nThe Centers for Disease Control also offers copies of the VIS on their website for informative purposes.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wash your hands.\", \"描述\": \"Use soap and water to wash your hands before giving an injection of any kind. This can help prevent the spread of the flu virus or any other bacteria you or the patient may have.\\nYou don’t need special soap to clean your hands, any type will do; however, it is recommended to use an antibacterial soap if possible. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds.\\nIf you like, use a hand sanitizer after you’ve washed your hands to kill any other bacteria you may have missed.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Injecting the Vaccine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Clean the area where you will administer the shot.\", \"描述\": \"Most flu vaccines are injected on the deltoid muscle of the right arm. Using a newly opened alcohol pad, lightly clean the deltoid area of the upper arm. This can help ensure the that no bacteria enters the injection site.\\nMake sure to use single-dose alcohol pad.\\nIf the person has a large or especially hairy arm, consider using two alcohol pads to help ensure the deltoid area is clean.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Select a clean, single-use needle.\", \"描述\": \"Choose a needle appropriate for the size of your patient. Make sure it is a single-use needle that was sealed prior to the vaccine, which can help prevent the spread of diseases.\\nUse a needle 1 to 1.5\\\" (2.5 to 3.8 cm) in length for an adult who weighs 132 lbs (60 kg) or more. This is a standard-sized needle, 22 – 25 gauge.\\nUse a needle 5/8\\\" (1.58 cm) in length for children and adults who weigh less than 132 lbs (60 kg). Stretch the skin tightly when using a smaller needle.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place the needle on a new syringe.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve selected the proper sized needle for your patient, place it on the syringe into which you will fill the vaccine. Make sure to select a new, single-use syringe to minimize the risk of infecting your patient with bacteria or other diseases.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Fill the syringe with the flu vaccine.\", \"描述\": \"Using a vial of the flu vaccine, or TIV-IM, fill your syringe with the appropriate dosage for your patient. The patient's age determines the proper dosage amount.\\nGive 0.25 mL (0.05 tsp) to children from 6 months to 35 months in age.\\nGive 0.5 mL (0.1 tsp) to all patients older than 35 months.\\nFor adults age 65 years and older, you may give 0.5 mL of high-dose TIV-IM.\\nIf you do not have 0.5ml syringes, you may use two single 0.25ml syringes.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Inject the needle into the patient's deltoid muscle.\", \"描述\": \"Gather your patient’s deltoid muscle between your fingers and hold it somewhat tightly. Ask your patient which is his dominant hand, and inject the vaccine in the opposite arm to help prevent soreness. If this is your first time administering a flu shot, you should have a seasoned nurse is monitoring your technique.\\nFind the thickest part of the deltoid, which is often above the armpit and below the acromion, or top of the shoulder. Firmly guide the needle into deltoid in one smooth action. The should be at at a 90 degree angle to the skin.\\nFor a child under four, inject the shot into the outer quadricep muscle, because they do not have enough muscle in the deltoid area.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Administer the vaccine until the syringe is empty.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure to deliver the entire amount of vaccine in the syringe. Your patient needs the full dosage for optimum efficacy.\\nIf your patient is showing signs of discomfort, soothe or distract her by talking to her or putting a tv show on.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Remove the needle from your patient.\", \"描述\": \"Once you administer the entire dosage, take the needle out of your patient. Apply pressure to the injection site to minimize pain and cover with a bandage.\\nTell your patient that some soreness is normal and shouldn't be cause for alarm.\\nMake sure to remove the needle and apply pressure simultaneously.\\nYou can choose to cover the injection site with a bandage. You may find that this also calms many patients.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Document the vaccine in the patient's medical record or immunization record.\", \"描述\": \"Include the date and place of vaccination. The patient will need these records in the future, and you may, too, if you remain their primary caregiver. It can help ensure that the patient doesn’t get too many doses of or overexposure to the vaccine.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Inform parents of young children that they will require a second shot.\", \"描述\": \"For children between six months and eight years old, a second dose of the vaccine may be required four weeks after the first dose. If the child has never been vaccinated or his vaccination history is unknown, or if he has not received at least two doses of the vaccine before July 1, 2015, then he will need to follow up with a second shot.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Instruct the patient to report any side effects.\", \"描述\": \"Tell your patient to be aware of any side effects from the vaccine such as fever or aches. Although most side effects will go away on their own, if they are serious or persistent, instruct your patient to contact you.\\nMake sure you have emergency medical protocol available if a worst-case situation happens. In addition, have the patient's emergency contact information on hand.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Preventing the Flu\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wash your hands frequently.\", \"描述\": \"One of the most effective ways to prevent the flu is thorough and frequent hand-washing. This minimizes the spread of bacteria and the flu virus from surfaces that many people touch.\\nUse a mild soap and water and wash your hands in warm water for at least 20 seconds.\\nUse a hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Cover your nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing.\", \"描述\": \"If you have the flu, and out of common courtesy, cover both your nose and mouth when you cough or sneeze. If possible, cough or sneeze into a tissue or the crook of your elbow to avoid contaminating your hands.\\nCovering your nose and mouth minimizes the risk of spreading flu to those around you.\\nMake sure you are sanitizing your hand with a thorough hand-washing after you sneeze, cough, or blow your nose.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stay away from crowded spaces.\", \"描述\": \"The flu is very contagious and spreads most easily in places where crowds congregate. Staying away from crowded spaces can help minimize your risk of contracting the flu.\\nMake sure to wash your hands after touching anything in crowded spaces, such as handles in public transportation.\\nIf you have the flu, stay home for at least 24 hours to help minimize the risk of spreading the flu to others.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Disinfect shared surfaces and spaces often.\", \"描述\": \"Germs spread easily in places such as bathrooms or on kitchen surfaces. Cleaning and disinfecting these spaces frequently may help prevent spreading the flu virus.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If someone who is immunocompromised needs a flu vaccine, it needs to be via a flu shot containing a dead virus — not the flu mist — and must be authorized by their healthcare practitioner.\\n\", \"Healthcare workers may be at high risk for contracting and spreading the flu if they do not receive a flu shot. Lead by example and make sure you get vaccinated every season.\\n\", \"If you are caring for someone who is immunocompromised, make sure you get vaccinated for that person's protection. He may not be well enough to receive the flu shot, so all persons around them must be vaccinated to protect him.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not vaccinate children who are younger than six months. Encourage parents and other caregivers of infants to be vaccinated instead.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,479
How to Administer a Rabies Vaccination
1. Assembling the Vaccine 1-1. Wash your hands before putting on gloves. Use warm water and antibacterial soap to wash your hands. Dry your hands with paper towels, and use the paper towel to turn off the faucet. Put on sterile gloves. 1-2. Prepare the vaccine according to the instructions on the package insert. There are a few brands of rabies vaccine. Most come as a powder that must be mixed with sterile water. The package on the vaccine will indicate how much sterilized water you must mix with the powder. Roll the vial between your hands to gently mix the powder until it appears mostly clear. Always prepare the vaccine immediately before you are about to administer it. Make sure to check the expiration dates on both the powder and the water. If either is expired, do not use it. 1-3. Gather a clean syringe with a new 25-gauge needle. If you don’t have a pre-assembled syringe, attach a new needle to a clean syringe. Do not reuse needles from another vaccination. The size of the needle will depend on the age of the patient. For adults, use a needle that is between 1–1.5 inches (2.5–3.8 cm). For children over the age of 1, use a 1 inch (2.5 cm) needle. For children under the age of 1, use a needle between ⁄8–1 inch (2.2–2.5 cm). If you are vaccinating multiple people at once, always use a separate syringe and needle for each injection. 1-4. Fill the syringe Before filling the needle, pull back the plunger to measure the correct dose. Insert the syringe into the vial at a 90-degree angle and press down on the plunger. Flip over the vaccine bottle. Pull back the plunger to fill the syringe. Tap the barrel of the syringe and push gently on the plunger to release any air bubbles. In most cases, one dose of this vaccination is 1 ml of liquid, but depending on the brand of the vaccine and age of the patient, this may vary from 0.5 ml up to 2 ml. 2. Injecting the Vaccine 2-1. Educate the patient about the vaccine before you administer it. Explain the procedure of giving a vaccine. Warn them that there might be some slight redness and swelling at the injection site. Allow the patient to ask any questions. Remind the patient that the vaccine is necessary if bitten by an animal that has a high risk of carrying rabies, such as a raccoon, squirrel, bat, or feral dog. You may want to emphasize that the vaccine is almost 100% effective in preventing the development of rabies. Once rabies develops, however, it is nearly almost always fatal. Tell the patient to watch out for side effects after the vaccine, such as confusion, dizziness, diarrhea, seizures, muscle weakness, burning at the injection site, or swelling around the eyes. Advise them to get immediate treatment if they notice these symptoms. 2-2. Choose an appropriate injection site. For anyone over the age of 1, give the vaccine on the deltoid muscle, which is the rounded muscle on the upper arm near the shoulder. Children under the age of 1 should be injected on the gluteal area on the outer thighs. Make sure that the site is not bruised, wounded, or injured. If one arm is injured, inject the vaccine into the other arm. Never administer the vaccine to an adult on the gluteal area. This may reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine. 2-3. Wipe the chosen site with cotton balls soaked in rubbing alcohol. Move from the inner to the outer part of the injection site to eliminate harmful microorganisms. Let the area dry. 2-4. Inject the vaccine into the muscle at a 90-degree angle. Press down on the plunger with your thumb to release the vaccine. Once you are finished, pull it out, keeping the syringe and needle straight as you do so. 2-5. Apply pressure to the site with a cotton ball and apply a bandage. This will prevent any blood from leaking. Do not rub the area as this may irritate the injection site. 2-6. Discard the used syringe and needle in a puncture proof container. Do this immediately after giving the vaccine to prevent pricking yourself or the patient. Throw the cotton balls in the trash can. 2-7. Remove the sterile gloves and wash your hands thoroughly. Do this with antibacterial soap and clean water. To avoid infections and transmission of diseases, never reuse needles or syringes. Always use a new set for each vaccination. 3. Scheduling the Next Doses 3-1. Give 3 doses over 1 month for a pre-exposure vaccination. After the first dose on day 0, give the second dose on day 7 and the third dose on either day 21 or 28. The pre-exposure prophylaxis is usually given to people who face a high risk of rabies, such as wildlife workers and veterinarians. With the pre-exposure vaccine, a few days difference in timing on the third dose does not matter. 3-2. Inject 4 doses over 2 weeks to an un-immunized patient after exposure. An un-immunized patient is someone who has not received the pre-exposure vaccine. The first injection is given on day 0. The next injections on days 3, 7, and 14. It is usually given to someone who has been bitten by wildlife or who has come into contact with bats. If there is a visible wound, you may also need to apply human rabies immune globulin to the wound. Consult your practice or hospital’s protocol for further information. With the post-exposure vaccination, it is important to stay on track with the timing of the dose. If the patient has a compromised immune system, provide an additional dose on day 28. 3-3. Give 2 doses over 1 week to an immunized patient after exposure. Even if a patient has received the pre-exposure prophylaxis, they still need a post-exposure vaccination if bitten. Administer the second dose 3-7 days after the first. Warnings If you are not a trained medical professional, do not attempt to administer the rabies vaccination yourself. Always see a doctor for treatment. While rare, anaphylactic shock can occur after a rabies vaccination. Monitor the patient for any immediate signs of allergic reaction, such as shortness of breath, swollen lips, or hives.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:26", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Assembling the Vaccine\\n1-1. Wash your hands before putting on gloves.\\nUse warm water and antibacterial soap to wash your hands. Dry your hands with paper towels, and use the paper towel to turn off the faucet. Put on sterile gloves.\\n1-2. Prepare the vaccine according to the instructions on the package insert.\\nThere are a few brands of rabies vaccine. Most come as a powder that must be mixed with sterile water. The package on the vaccine will indicate how much sterilized water you must mix with the powder. Roll the vial between your hands to gently mix the powder until it appears mostly clear.\\nAlways prepare the vaccine immediately before you are about to administer it.\\nMake sure to check the expiration dates on both the powder and the water. If either is expired, do not use it.\\n1-3. Gather a clean syringe with a new 25-gauge needle.\\nIf you don’t have a pre-assembled syringe, attach a new needle to a clean syringe. Do not reuse needles from another vaccination. The size of the needle will depend on the age of the patient.\\nFor adults, use a needle that is between 1–1.5 inches (2.5–3.8 cm).\\nFor children over the age of 1, use a 1 inch (2.5 cm) needle.\\nFor children under the age of 1, use a needle between ⁄8–1 inch (2.2–2.5 cm).\\nIf you are vaccinating multiple people at once, always use a separate syringe and needle for each injection.\\n1-4. Fill the syringe\\nBefore filling the needle, pull back the plunger to measure the correct dose. Insert the syringe into the vial at a 90-degree angle and press down on the plunger. Flip over the vaccine bottle. Pull back the plunger to fill the syringe. Tap the barrel of the syringe and push gently on the plunger to release any air bubbles.\\nIn most cases, one dose of this vaccination is 1 ml of liquid, but depending on the brand of the vaccine and age of the patient, this may vary from 0.5 ml up to 2 ml.\\n2. Injecting the Vaccine\\n2-1. Educate the patient about the vaccine before you administer it.\\nExplain the procedure of giving a vaccine. Warn them that there might be some slight redness and swelling at the injection site. Allow the patient to ask any questions.\\nRemind the patient that the vaccine is necessary if bitten by an animal that has a high risk of carrying rabies, such as a raccoon, squirrel, bat, or feral dog. You may want to emphasize that the vaccine is almost 100% effective in preventing the development of rabies. Once rabies develops, however, it is nearly almost always fatal.\\nTell the patient to watch out for side effects after the vaccine, such as confusion, dizziness, diarrhea, seizures, muscle weakness, burning at the injection site, or swelling around the eyes. Advise them to get immediate treatment if they notice these symptoms.\\n2-2. Choose an appropriate injection site.\\nFor anyone over the age of 1, give the vaccine on the deltoid muscle, which is the rounded muscle on the upper arm near the shoulder. Children under the age of 1 should be injected on the gluteal area on the outer thighs.\\nMake sure that the site is not bruised, wounded, or injured. If one arm is injured, inject the vaccine into the other arm.\\nNever administer the vaccine to an adult on the gluteal area. This may reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine.\\n2-3. Wipe the chosen site with cotton balls soaked in rubbing alcohol.\\nMove from the inner to the outer part of the injection site to eliminate harmful microorganisms. Let the area dry.\\n2-4. Inject the vaccine into the muscle at a 90-degree angle.\\nPress down on the plunger with your thumb to release the vaccine. Once you are finished, pull it out, keeping the syringe and needle straight as you do so.\\n2-5. Apply pressure to the site with a cotton ball and apply a bandage.\\nThis will prevent any blood from leaking. Do not rub the area as this may irritate the injection site.\\n2-6. Discard the used syringe and needle in a puncture proof container.\\nDo this immediately after giving the vaccine to prevent pricking yourself or the patient. Throw the cotton balls in the trash can.\\n2-7. Remove the sterile gloves and wash your hands thoroughly.\\nDo this with antibacterial soap and clean water. To avoid infections and transmission of diseases, never reuse needles or syringes. Always use a new set for each vaccination.\\n3. Scheduling the Next Doses\\n3-1. Give 3 doses over 1 month for a pre-exposure vaccination.\\nAfter the first dose on day 0, give the second dose on day 7 and the third dose on either day 21 or 28. The pre-exposure prophylaxis is usually given to people who face a high risk of rabies, such as wildlife workers and veterinarians.\\nWith the pre-exposure vaccine, a few days difference in timing on the third dose does not matter.\\n3-2. Inject 4 doses over 2 weeks to an un-immunized patient after exposure.\\nAn un-immunized patient is someone who has not received the pre-exposure vaccine. The first injection is given on day 0. The next injections on days 3, 7, and 14. It is usually given to someone who has been bitten by wildlife or who has come into contact with bats.\\nIf there is a visible wound, you may also need to apply human rabies immune globulin to the wound. Consult your practice or hospital’s protocol for further information.\\nWith the post-exposure vaccination, it is important to stay on track with the timing of the dose.\\nIf the patient has a compromised immune system, provide an additional dose on day 28.\\n3-3. Give 2 doses over 1 week to an immunized patient after exposure.\\nEven if a patient has received the pre-exposure prophylaxis, they still need a post-exposure vaccination if bitten. Administer the second dose 3-7 days after the first.\\nWarnings\\nIf you are not a trained medical professional, do not attempt to administer the rabies vaccination yourself. Always see a doctor for treatment.\\nWhile rare, anaphylactic shock can occur after a rabies vaccination. Monitor the patient for any immediate signs of allergic reaction, such as shortness of breath, swollen lips, or hives.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If a patient has been bitten by a wild animal, it is a good idea to give them the rabies vaccine to prevent them from developing rabies. This vaccine should always be administered by a healthcare professional. You can give this injection either before or after exposure to rabies. Prepare the vaccine immediately before administering it to a patient. Inject the vaccine into the deltoid (upper arm) muscles. Multiple doses of this vaccine must be spread out over a few weeks, so make plans with the patient for them to return.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Assembling the Vaccine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wash your hands before putting on gloves.\", \"描述\": \"Use warm water and antibacterial soap to wash your hands. Dry your hands with paper towels, and use the paper towel to turn off the faucet. Put on sterile gloves.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Prepare the vaccine according to the instructions on the package insert.\", \"描述\": \"There are a few brands of rabies vaccine. Most come as a powder that must be mixed with sterile water. The package on the vaccine will indicate how much sterilized water you must mix with the powder. Roll the vial between your hands to gently mix the powder until it appears mostly clear.\\nAlways prepare the vaccine immediately before you are about to administer it.\\nMake sure to check the expiration dates on both the powder and the water. If either is expired, do not use it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Gather a clean syringe with a new 25-gauge needle.\", \"描述\": \"If you don’t have a pre-assembled syringe, attach a new needle to a clean syringe. Do not reuse needles from another vaccination. The size of the needle will depend on the age of the patient.\\nFor adults, use a needle that is between 1–1.5 inches (2.5–3.8 cm).\\nFor children over the age of 1, use a 1 inch (2.5 cm) needle.\\nFor children under the age of 1, use a needle between ⁄8–1 inch (2.2–2.5 cm).\\nIf you are vaccinating multiple people at once, always use a separate syringe and needle for each injection.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Fill the syringe\", \"描述\": \"Before filling the needle, pull back the plunger to measure the correct dose. Insert the syringe into the vial at a 90-degree angle and press down on the plunger. Flip over the vaccine bottle. Pull back the plunger to fill the syringe. Tap the barrel of the syringe and push gently on the plunger to release any air bubbles.\\nIn most cases, one dose of this vaccination is 1 ml of liquid, but depending on the brand of the vaccine and age of the patient, this may vary from 0.5 ml up to 2 ml.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Injecting the Vaccine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Educate the patient about the vaccine before you administer it.\", \"描述\": \"Explain the procedure of giving a vaccine. Warn them that there might be some slight redness and swelling at the injection site. Allow the patient to ask any questions.\\nRemind the patient that the vaccine is necessary if bitten by an animal that has a high risk of carrying rabies, such as a raccoon, squirrel, bat, or feral dog. You may want to emphasize that the vaccine is almost 100% effective in preventing the development of rabies. Once rabies develops, however, it is nearly almost always fatal.\\nTell the patient to watch out for side effects after the vaccine, such as confusion, dizziness, diarrhea, seizures, muscle weakness, burning at the injection site, or swelling around the eyes. Advise them to get immediate treatment if they notice these symptoms.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose an appropriate injection site.\", \"描述\": \"For anyone over the age of 1, give the vaccine on the deltoid muscle, which is the rounded muscle on the upper arm near the shoulder. Children under the age of 1 should be injected on the gluteal area on the outer thighs.\\nMake sure that the site is not bruised, wounded, or injured. If one arm is injured, inject the vaccine into the other arm.\\nNever administer the vaccine to an adult on the gluteal area. This may reduce the effectiveness of the vaccine.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wipe the chosen site with cotton balls soaked in rubbing alcohol.\", \"描述\": \"Move from the inner to the outer part of the injection site to eliminate harmful microorganisms. Let the area dry.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Inject the vaccine into the muscle at a 90-degree angle.\", \"描述\": \"Press down on the plunger with your thumb to release the vaccine. Once you are finished, pull it out, keeping the syringe and needle straight as you do so.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Apply pressure to the site with a cotton ball and apply a bandage.\", \"描述\": \"This will prevent any blood from leaking. Do not rub the area as this may irritate the injection site.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Discard the used syringe and needle in a puncture proof container.\", \"描述\": \"Do this immediately after giving the vaccine to prevent pricking yourself or the patient. Throw the cotton balls in the trash can.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Remove the sterile gloves and wash your hands thoroughly.\", \"描述\": \"Do this with antibacterial soap and clean water. To avoid infections and transmission of diseases, never reuse needles or syringes. Always use a new set for each vaccination.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Scheduling the Next Doses\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Give 3 doses over 1 month for a pre-exposure vaccination.\", \"描述\": \"After the first dose on day 0, give the second dose on day 7 and the third dose on either day 21 or 28. The pre-exposure prophylaxis is usually given to people who face a high risk of rabies, such as wildlife workers and veterinarians.\\nWith the pre-exposure vaccine, a few days difference in timing on the third dose does not matter.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Inject 4 doses over 2 weeks to an un-immunized patient after exposure.\", \"描述\": \"An un-immunized patient is someone who has not received the pre-exposure vaccine. The first injection is given on day 0. The next injections on days 3, 7, and 14. It is usually given to someone who has been bitten by wildlife or who has come into contact with bats.\\nIf there is a visible wound, you may also need to apply human rabies immune globulin to the wound. Consult your practice or hospital’s protocol for further information.\\nWith the post-exposure vaccination, it is important to stay on track with the timing of the dose.\\nIf the patient has a compromised immune system, provide an additional dose on day 28.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Give 2 doses over 1 week to an immunized patient after exposure.\", \"描述\": \"Even if a patient has received the pre-exposure prophylaxis, they still need a post-exposure vaccination if bitten. Administer the second dose 3-7 days after the first.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"If you are not a trained medical professional, do not attempt to administer the rabies vaccination yourself. Always see a doctor for treatment.\\n\", \"While rare, anaphylactic shock can occur after a rabies vaccination. Monitor the patient for any immediate signs of allergic reaction, such as shortness of breath, swollen lips, or hives.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,480
How to Safely Vaccinate Your Dog at Home
1. Giving the Vaccine 1-1. Prepare the injection. Check the vaccines to make sure they've been properly transported and stored at the temperature on the label. You may need to mix vaccines. If so, there will be two vials that you'll need to combine according to the label instructions. Once mixed, draw back all of the solution into the syringe and remove excess air bubbles by tapping on the side of the syringe. The needle should be pointing up. Most vaccines will need to be stored at normal refrigeration temperatures. Make sure you use a new needle that's sharp when you give the vaccine. 1-2. Prepare the dog. Make sure the dog is clean so that no dirt is visible around the loose skin on the neck. His fur should be dry before you vaccinate. Lift up the back of the dog's skin near the neck to make a tent. This gives you a pocket of space underneath the skin where you can inject the vaccine. Unlike humans, you don't need to prepare the site with an alcohol wipe. 1-3. Insert the syringe. Hold the syringe level with the dog's back and place the needle with the bevel (flat part of the needle) along the tented skin. Gently puncture the skin with the needle and draw back on the syringe. Slowly press on the syringe plunger to give the vaccine. If you see blood in the needle, you will need to find another location to give the injection. Blood in the needle means you’ve hit a blood vessel and you cannot give a vaccine into a blood vessel. 1-4. Remove the needle. Once you've taken out the needle, apply pressure on the site for about 30 seconds. This will prevent bleeding. Place the needle and syringe in an appropriate garbage receptacle or in a glass jar to be disposed of at a veterinary clinic. Never put an uncapped needle into the garbage since people who work at landfills could get injured. 2. Taking Precautions 2-1. Get the dog examined by the veterinarian. You'll need to take the dog in for a thorough medical examination. The vet will determine whether the dog is healthy enough to be vaccinated at home. If the dog has a compromised immune system or is sick, giving a vaccine will only make him sicker or cause the vaccine to be ineffective. While you can vaccinate the dog against a variety of diseases, you cannot give the rabies vaccine. The rabies vaccine must always be given by a veterinarian. 2-2. Recognize reactions to vaccines. While it's rare for a dog to have a reaction to a vaccine, it's important to recognize possible reactions. Your dog may have swelling at the injection site, mild fever, decreased energy or appetite, sneezing or some coughing. One of the worst reactions is anaphylactic, a life threatening reaction that needs immediate medical treatment. If you notice your dog is having trouble breathing, has a slow heart rate or low blood pressure, see the vet right away. If your dog has a slow heart rate or low blood pressure, he may become unusually drowsy, may seem weak or drunken and then collapse, all within 20-30 minutes. Most vaccines for animals are given just below the skin (subcutaneously) to reduce pain and possible reactions. If your pet has had a reaction to a vaccine, no matter how minor, do attempt to give a vaccine of any type at home in case of a severe reaction. 2-3. Understand the basics of vaccines. A vaccine works by imitating a viral or bacterial infection. It does this by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce cells that fight the virus or bacteria. This prepares the immune system for future encounters with the virus or bacteria. So, if the vaccinated dog comes into contact with the virus or bacteria, his immune system will remember how to fight the infection, producing cells to fight off the virus or bacteria. The vaccine does not actually infect the dog, it only imitates the virus or bacteria, though the dog might have a slight reaction (like mild rash or fever). 2-4. Follow a vaccination schedule. Many vaccines need an initial series of two vaccines given 3 to 4 weeks apart. This makes sure the immune system is working. After this, the dog will need an annual or 2 to 3 year booster shot of the vaccine to keep his vaccine status updated. Each vaccination has its own timeline, so talk with the vet to determine the timing of vaccinations for your pet. Tips If you feel you need to practice before actually giving the vaccine: Place a sock over an empty water bottle and practice pulling up on the sock like you would pull up and "tent" the skin of the dog. Practice handling the syringe until you're comfortable using the syringe one-handed. Practice using the syringe and tenting the sock at the same time. Do this until you feel comfortable doing both before trying to vaccinate your dog. If you don't feel that you can administer the vaccine correctly, you may want to take your dog to a veterinarian. Remain calm and composed. This will keep the dog relaxed. Warnings Do not administer a vaccine if your dog may be ill or has a compromised immune system. If your dog has had any diarrhea or vomited, do not administer the vaccine. Make sure all materials used are sterile and follow sterile procedures. Never use materials that haven't been sterilized. Only give vaccines recommended by your veterinarian. Do not give vaccines by IV. Purchase vaccines from a registered vendor to ensure proper storage.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:26", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Giving the Vaccine\\n1-1. Prepare the injection.\\nCheck the vaccines to make sure they've been properly transported and stored at the temperature on the label. You may need to mix vaccines. If so, there will be two vials that you'll need to combine according to the label instructions. Once mixed, draw back all of the solution into the syringe and remove excess air bubbles by tapping on the side of the syringe. The needle should be pointing up.\\nMost vaccines will need to be stored at normal refrigeration temperatures.\\nMake sure you use a new needle that's sharp when you give the vaccine.\\n1-2. Prepare the dog.\\nMake sure the dog is clean so that no dirt is visible around the loose skin on the neck. His fur should be dry before you vaccinate. Lift up the back of the dog's skin near the neck to make a tent. This gives you a pocket of space underneath the skin where you can inject the vaccine.\\nUnlike humans, you don't need to prepare the site with an alcohol wipe.\\n1-3. Insert the syringe.\\nHold the syringe level with the dog's back and place the needle with the bevel (flat part of the needle) along the tented skin. Gently puncture the skin with the needle and draw back on the syringe. Slowly press on the syringe plunger to give the vaccine.\\nIf you see blood in the needle, you will need to find another location to give the injection. Blood in the needle means you’ve hit a blood vessel and you cannot give a vaccine into a blood vessel.\\n1-4. Remove the needle.\\nOnce you've taken out the needle, apply pressure on the site for about 30 seconds. This will prevent bleeding. Place the needle and syringe in an appropriate garbage receptacle or in a glass jar to be disposed of at a veterinary clinic.\\nNever put an uncapped needle into the garbage since people who work at landfills could get injured.\\n2. Taking Precautions\\n2-1. Get the dog examined by the veterinarian.\\nYou'll need to take the dog in for a thorough medical examination. The vet will determine whether the dog is healthy enough to be vaccinated at home. If the dog has a compromised immune system or is sick, giving a vaccine will only make him sicker or cause the vaccine to be ineffective.\\nWhile you can vaccinate the dog against a variety of diseases, you cannot give the rabies vaccine. The rabies vaccine must always be given by a veterinarian.\\n2-2. Recognize reactions to vaccines.\\nWhile it's rare for a dog to have a reaction to a vaccine, it's important to recognize possible reactions. Your dog may have swelling at the injection site, mild fever, decreased energy or appetite, sneezing or some coughing. One of the worst reactions is anaphylactic, a life threatening reaction that needs immediate medical treatment. If you notice your dog is having trouble breathing, has a slow heart rate or low blood pressure, see the vet right away. If your dog has a slow heart rate or low blood pressure, he may become unusually drowsy, may seem weak or drunken and then collapse, all within 20-30 minutes.\\nMost vaccines for animals are given just below the skin (subcutaneously) to reduce pain and possible reactions.\\nIf your pet has had a reaction to a vaccine, no matter how minor, do attempt to give a vaccine of any type at home in case of a severe reaction.\\n2-3. Understand the basics of vaccines.\\nA vaccine works by imitating a viral or bacterial infection. It does this by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce cells that fight the virus or bacteria. This prepares the immune system for future encounters with the virus or bacteria. So, if the vaccinated dog comes into contact with the virus or bacteria, his immune system will remember how to fight the infection, producing cells to fight off the virus or bacteria.\\nThe vaccine does not actually infect the dog, it only imitates the virus or bacteria, though the dog might have a slight reaction (like mild rash or fever).\\n2-4. Follow a vaccination schedule.\\nMany vaccines need an initial series of two vaccines given 3 to 4 weeks apart. This makes sure the immune system is working. After this, the dog will need an annual or 2 to 3 year booster shot of the vaccine to keep his vaccine status updated.\\nEach vaccination has its own timeline, so talk with the vet to determine the timing of vaccinations for your pet.\\nTips\\nIf you feel you need to practice before actually giving the vaccine: Place a sock over an empty water bottle and practice pulling up on the sock like you would pull up and \\\"tent\\\" the skin of the dog. Practice handling the syringe until you're comfortable using the syringe one-handed. Practice using the syringe and tenting the sock at the same time. Do this until you feel comfortable doing both before trying to vaccinate your dog.\\nIf you don't feel that you can administer the vaccine correctly, you may want to take your dog to a veterinarian.\\nRemain calm and composed. This will keep the dog relaxed.\\nWarnings\\nDo not administer a vaccine if your dog may be ill or has a compromised immune system. If your dog has had any diarrhea or vomited, do not administer the vaccine.\\nMake sure all materials used are sterile and follow sterile procedures. Never use materials that haven't been sterilized.\\nOnly give vaccines recommended by your veterinarian.\\nDo not give vaccines by IV.\\nPurchase vaccines from a registered vendor to ensure proper storage.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You can save a lot of time, money, and energy by vaccinating your dog at home. As long as you know the correct procedure and follow basic guidelines, vaccinating at home can be simple and safe. However, you need to make sure your dog is first thoroughly examined by a veterinarian and is healthy. Vaccines should also be stored and handled properly to prevent health problems for your pet.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Giving the Vaccine\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare the injection.\", \"描述\": \"Check the vaccines to make sure they've been properly transported and stored at the temperature on the label. You may need to mix vaccines. If so, there will be two vials that you'll need to combine according to the label instructions. Once mixed, draw back all of the solution into the syringe and remove excess air bubbles by tapping on the side of the syringe. The needle should be pointing up.\\nMost vaccines will need to be stored at normal refrigeration temperatures.\\nMake sure you use a new needle that's sharp when you give the vaccine.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Prepare the dog.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure the dog is clean so that no dirt is visible around the loose skin on the neck. His fur should be dry before you vaccinate. Lift up the back of the dog's skin near the neck to make a tent. This gives you a pocket of space underneath the skin where you can inject the vaccine.\\nUnlike humans, you don't need to prepare the site with an alcohol wipe.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Insert the syringe.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the syringe level with the dog's back and place the needle with the bevel (flat part of the needle) along the tented skin. Gently puncture the skin with the needle and draw back on the syringe. Slowly press on the syringe plunger to give the vaccine.\\nIf you see blood in the needle, you will need to find another location to give the injection. Blood in the needle means you’ve hit a blood vessel and you cannot give a vaccine into a blood vessel.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Remove the needle.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've taken out the needle, apply pressure on the site for about 30 seconds. This will prevent bleeding. Place the needle and syringe in an appropriate garbage receptacle or in a glass jar to be disposed of at a veterinary clinic.\\nNever put an uncapped needle into the garbage since people who work at landfills could get injured.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Taking Precautions\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get the dog examined by the veterinarian.\", \"描述\": \"You'll need to take the dog in for a thorough medical examination. The vet will determine whether the dog is healthy enough to be vaccinated at home. If the dog has a compromised immune system or is sick, giving a vaccine will only make him sicker or cause the vaccine to be ineffective.\\nWhile you can vaccinate the dog against a variety of diseases, you cannot give the rabies vaccine. The rabies vaccine must always be given by a veterinarian.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Recognize reactions to vaccines.\", \"描述\": \"While it's rare for a dog to have a reaction to a vaccine, it's important to recognize possible reactions. Your dog may have swelling at the injection site, mild fever, decreased energy or appetite, sneezing or some coughing. One of the worst reactions is anaphylactic, a life threatening reaction that needs immediate medical treatment. If you notice your dog is having trouble breathing, has a slow heart rate or low blood pressure, see the vet right away. If your dog has a slow heart rate or low blood pressure, he may become unusually drowsy, may seem weak or drunken and then collapse, all within 20-30 minutes.\\nMost vaccines for animals are given just below the skin (subcutaneously) to reduce pain and possible reactions.\\nIf your pet has had a reaction to a vaccine, no matter how minor, do attempt to give a vaccine of any type at home in case of a severe reaction.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understand the basics of vaccines.\", \"描述\": \"A vaccine works by imitating a viral or bacterial infection. It does this by stimulating the body’s immune system to produce cells that fight the virus or bacteria. This prepares the immune system for future encounters with the virus or bacteria. So, if the vaccinated dog comes into contact with the virus or bacteria, his immune system will remember how to fight the infection, producing cells to fight off the virus or bacteria.\\nThe vaccine does not actually infect the dog, it only imitates the virus or bacteria, though the dog might have a slight reaction (like mild rash or fever).\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Follow a vaccination schedule.\", \"描述\": \"Many vaccines need an initial series of two vaccines given 3 to 4 weeks apart. This makes sure the immune system is working. After this, the dog will need an annual or 2 to 3 year booster shot of the vaccine to keep his vaccine status updated.\\nEach vaccination has its own timeline, so talk with the vet to determine the timing of vaccinations for your pet.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you feel you need to practice before actually giving the vaccine: Place a sock over an empty water bottle and practice pulling up on the sock like you would pull up and \\\"tent\\\" the skin of the dog. Practice handling the syringe until you're comfortable using the syringe one-handed. Practice using the syringe and tenting the sock at the same time. Do this until you feel comfortable doing both before trying to vaccinate your dog.\\n\", \"If you don't feel that you can administer the vaccine correctly, you may want to take your dog to a veterinarian.\\n\", \"Remain calm and composed. This will keep the dog relaxed.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not administer a vaccine if your dog may be ill or has a compromised immune system. If your dog has had any diarrhea or vomited, do not administer the vaccine.\\n\", \"Make sure all materials used are sterile and follow sterile procedures. Never use materials that haven't been sterilized.\\n\", \"Only give vaccines recommended by your veterinarian.\\n\", \"Do not give vaccines by IV.\\n\", \"Purchase vaccines from a registered vendor to ensure proper storage.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,481
How to Administer an Email Interview
1. Preparing your Interview Subject 1-1. Connect with your subject before administering the email interview. This will allow you to introduce yourself or your organization, and provide you with the opportunity to explain your reason for the interview. For example, if you want to interview an author for your book blog, contact the author and explain that you would like to feature their interview on your book blog. Explain to your subject how you came across their name and contact information, especially if you are making the initial connection by telephone. This can help your subject feel more at ease with you and with the idea of an interview. 1-2. Provide your subject with information regarding the nature of the interview. For example, if your subject has recently released an ebook about Internet marketing, explain that the interview questions will focus strictly on their new ebook. If the subject seems hesitant about doing an email interview, provide the subject with positive information that will encourage their participation. For example, explain that you want to publish the interview on your website to help bring the subject additional publicity. 1-3. Provide your subject with information about the length of the email interview. For example, when interviewing a subject about their new product, inform them that you plan on asking 10 questions related to that particular product. 1-4. Provide your subject with a deadline, if applicable. This can often ensure that your subject completes the email interview on time, especially if you under a strict deadline yourself. 2. Administering the Email Interview 2-1. Research your subject's background prior to developing the interview questions. This will provide you with the insight you need to develop strong interview questions. For example, when interviewing a professional athlete, research their sports background to learn the names of other teams they have played for, and about their career highlights. Use the Internet as a resource when researching a person's background and accomplishments, or consult with your subject's publicist, if applicable. 2-2. Write your list of email interview questions. Your questions should contain only one inquiry or concept per question to keep the task clear and to the point. For example, for your first question, ask the subject if they enjoy drinking wine, then for the second question, inquire about the subject's favorite type of wine. Write 1 or 2 general questions to begin the interview, then segue into more specific questions or topics as the interview progresses. For example, begin by asking a pastry chef why they chose baking as a career, then ask them additional questions specifically about the new bakery they are opening in your city. 2-3. Send your email interview questions to the subject. Your subject should then answer your interview questions and send them back to you via email prior to the deadline you gave them. 2-4. Edit the email interview answers if needed. In most cases, especially if you are submitting the interview questions and answers to your boss or publishing the content to a website, you may need to make certain grammar and punctuation edits. Sometimes, you may need to re-word their answers in a manner that matches the style of your readership or publication. Review any major editing changes with your subject prior to publishing the interview. For example, if you feel the need to edit a specific quote provided to you by the subject, contact the subject before publication to clarify that you have their permission to edit their quote. 2-5. Thank your subject after the email interview has been completed. Your thank you can be in the form of an email or telephone call, along with a final copy of the interview questions and answers. Tips Provide your subject with information about yourself and give them the time to research your background, if necessary. Some interview subjects may want to verify your identity and credibility before they answer any of your interview questions, especially if the questions are personal in any way. For example, provide the subject with links to other interviews you have administered by email and published to the Internet.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:26", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing your Interview Subject\\n1-1. Connect with your subject before administering the email interview.\\nThis will allow you to introduce yourself or your organization, and provide you with the opportunity to explain your reason for the interview. For example, if you want to interview an author for your book blog, contact the author and explain that you would like to feature their interview on your book blog.\\nExplain to your subject how you came across their name and contact information, especially if you are making the initial connection by telephone. This can help your subject feel more at ease with you and with the idea of an interview.\\n1-2. Provide your subject with information regarding the nature of the interview.\\nFor example, if your subject has recently released an ebook about Internet marketing, explain that the interview questions will focus strictly on their new ebook.\\nIf the subject seems hesitant about doing an email interview, provide the subject with positive information that will encourage their participation. For example, explain that you want to publish the interview on your website to help bring the subject additional publicity.\\n1-3. Provide your subject with information about the length of the email interview.\\nFor example, when interviewing a subject about their new product, inform them that you plan on asking 10 questions related to that particular product.\\n1-4. Provide your subject with a deadline, if applicable.\\nThis can often ensure that your subject completes the email interview on time, especially if you under a strict deadline yourself.\\n2. Administering the Email Interview\\n2-1. Research your subject's background prior to developing the interview questions.\\nThis will provide you with the insight you need to develop strong interview questions. For example, when interviewing a professional athlete, research their sports background to learn the names of other teams they have played for, and about their career highlights.\\nUse the Internet as a resource when researching a person's background and accomplishments, or consult with your subject's publicist, if applicable.\\n2-2. Write your list of email interview questions.\\nYour questions should contain only one inquiry or concept per question to keep the task clear and to the point. For example, for your first question, ask the subject if they enjoy drinking wine, then for the second question, inquire about the subject's favorite type of wine.\\nWrite 1 or 2 general questions to begin the interview, then segue into more specific questions or topics as the interview progresses. For example, begin by asking a pastry chef why they chose baking as a career, then ask them additional questions specifically about the new bakery they are opening in your city.\\n2-3. Send your email interview questions to the subject.\\nYour subject should then answer your interview questions and send them back to you via email prior to the deadline you gave them.\\n2-4. Edit the email interview answers if needed.\\nIn most cases, especially if you are submitting the interview questions and answers to your boss or publishing the content to a website, you may need to make certain grammar and punctuation edits. Sometimes, you may need to re-word their answers in a manner that matches the style of your readership or publication.\\nReview any major editing changes with your subject prior to publishing the interview. For example, if you feel the need to edit a specific quote provided to you by the subject, contact the subject before publication to clarify that you have their permission to edit their quote.\\n2-5. Thank your subject after the email interview has been completed.\\nYour thank you can be in the form of an email or telephone call, along with a final copy of the interview questions and answers.\\nTips\\nProvide your subject with information about yourself and give them the time to research your background, if necessary. Some interview subjects may want to verify your identity and credibility before they answer any of your interview questions, especially if the questions are personal in any way. For example, provide the subject with links to other interviews you have administered by email and published to the Internet.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Conducting or administering an interview by email can often be a convenient way to interview a subject, and gain the answers you need in a timely manner. If you are a journalist trying to meet approaching deadlines, email interviews can be an ideal way to multitask your projects, especially if you are not required to meet with your subjects face-to-face, or record your conversations. Email interviews can also be effective if you plan to publish the interviews on a website or other form of digital media, or if you simply need expert advice on a particular topic. Before administering an email interview, you must first determine if your subject is available and willing to conduct an interview via email. You can then develop a list of interview questions for your subject based on their background or on the topic you are writing about. Continue reading this article to learn about the ways you can properly and successfully administer an email interview.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing your Interview Subject\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Connect with your subject before administering the email interview.\", \"描述\": \"This will allow you to introduce yourself or your organization, and provide you with the opportunity to explain your reason for the interview. For example, if you want to interview an author for your book blog, contact the author and explain that you would like to feature their interview on your book blog.\\nExplain to your subject how you came across their name and contact information, especially if you are making the initial connection by telephone. This can help your subject feel more at ease with you and with the idea of an interview.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Provide your subject with information regarding the nature of the interview.\", \"描述\": \"For example, if your subject has recently released an ebook about Internet marketing, explain that the interview questions will focus strictly on their new ebook.\\nIf the subject seems hesitant about doing an email interview, provide the subject with positive information that will encourage their participation. For example, explain that you want to publish the interview on your website to help bring the subject additional publicity.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Provide your subject with information about the length of the email interview.\", \"描述\": \"For example, when interviewing a subject about their new product, inform them that you plan on asking 10 questions related to that particular product.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Provide your subject with a deadline, if applicable.\", \"描述\": \"This can often ensure that your subject completes the email interview on time, especially if you under a strict deadline yourself.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Administering the Email Interview\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research your subject's background prior to developing the interview questions.\", \"描述\": \"This will provide you with the insight you need to develop strong interview questions. For example, when interviewing a professional athlete, research their sports background to learn the names of other teams they have played for, and about their career highlights.\\nUse the Internet as a resource when researching a person's background and accomplishments, or consult with your subject's publicist, if applicable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Write your list of email interview questions.\", \"描述\": \"Your questions should contain only one inquiry or concept per question to keep the task clear and to the point. For example, for your first question, ask the subject if they enjoy drinking wine, then for the second question, inquire about the subject's favorite type of wine.\\nWrite 1 or 2 general questions to begin the interview, then segue into more specific questions or topics as the interview progresses. For example, begin by asking a pastry chef why they chose baking as a career, then ask them additional questions specifically about the new bakery they are opening in your city.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Send your email interview questions to the subject.\", \"描述\": \"Your subject should then answer your interview questions and send them back to you via email prior to the deadline you gave them.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Edit the email interview answers if needed.\", \"描述\": \"In most cases, especially if you are submitting the interview questions and answers to your boss or publishing the content to a website, you may need to make certain grammar and punctuation edits. Sometimes, you may need to re-word their answers in a manner that matches the style of your readership or publication.\\nReview any major editing changes with your subject prior to publishing the interview. For example, if you feel the need to edit a specific quote provided to you by the subject, contact the subject before publication to clarify that you have their permission to edit their quote.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Thank your subject after the email interview has been completed.\", \"描述\": \"Your thank you can be in the form of an email or telephone call, along with a final copy of the interview questions and answers.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Provide your subject with information about yourself and give them the time to research your background, if necessary. Some interview subjects may want to verify your identity and credibility before they answer any of your interview questions, especially if the questions are personal in any way. For example, provide the subject with links to other interviews you have administered by email and published to the Internet.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,482
How to Administer an Enema
1. Preparing the Enema 1-1. Prepare for the enema. No matter the goal of the enema, the way in which it is administered is the same. However, if the goal is retention, then enemas are best done after a normal bowel movement and at least a few hours after eating. Don't eat right before doing an enema. For constipation, the enema is given to help evacuate the bowel. Empty your bladder before an enema to reduce the discomfort associated with adding fluid to the bowel. Obtain an enema bag or a Fleets enema bottle from a pharmacy. The first uses fluid prepared at home while the second is a self-contained unit. Place a waterproof pad under the area where you will lie down in case you inadvertently release the fluid before reaching the bathroom. 1-2. Fill a clean enema bag, if using. Fill an enema bag with the solution recommended by your doctor. Make sure that the clamp is on to contain the fluid. Once the bag is full, hold the bag, hose end down, and open the clamp momentarily to allow the fluid to purge any air from the hose, and then close the clamp. This will help you to avoid introducing air into the colon, which can cause cramps. In general, you use smaller amounts of fluid for retention enemas so the rectum is not overwhelmed with the amount of fluid and the individual can retain it without discomfort. Your doctor will instruct you on how full the bag should be. Never share an enema bag, even if it has been cleaned. 1-3. Prepare the enema tube. Measure and mark 4 in (10 cm) on the enema tube so you are assured the tube is not inserted more than 4 in (10 cm) into your rectum. Lubricate the end of the tube with a lubricant product, like KY jelly, to make insertion more comfortable. 2. Getting into Position for the Enema 2-1. Hang the bag 12 to 18 in (30 to 46 cm) above the rectum. The administration of fluid in a bag uses gravity. Your best bet is to hang it on a hook or stand near where you are going to administer it.You could also have someone hold the bag for you if you don't have anywhere to hang it. 2-2. Lie down on your left side with your knees pulled up to your chest. This changes the position of the lower colon so it is able to receive more fluid from the rectum. Anatomical positioning of the lower colon and gravity will help the fluid to go higher in the colon. Turn your head to one side, and place your left arm under your head. 2-3. Insert the lubricated enema tube into your rectum. Separate the buttocks and identify the anus, or the outside of the rectum, where the tube will be inserted. Slowly insert the end of the enema tube, or the lubricated end of a Fleet's enema bottle, into the rectum approximately 3.5 in (8.9 cm). While inserting the tube into the anus, bear down and push the anus out as if for a bowel movement. Never force the tube in! If you can't get it in, do not continue trying. Call your physician to discuss what to do next. 3. Releasing the Clamp and Evacuating 3-1. Allow the fluid to enter your rectum. If using an enema bag, release the clamp and allow the fluid to fill inside. If using a Fleet's enema bottle, apply gentle pressure to the bottle. Gently roll the bottle from the bottom to the top so there is no backflow into the bottle. 3-2. Wait for all the fluid to enter the rectum. Breathe through your mouth if you feel cramps. Close the clamp temporarily, until cramping eases, then resume the flow. Watch the bag until it is empty and remove the nozzle. If using the Fleet's enema bottle, keep the bottle rolled and gently remove the tube. 3-3. Go to the bathroom and evacuate. If suffering from constipation, try to keep in the lying down position for at least 5 minutes and up to 1 hour before going to the bathroom and expelling the fluid. If the enema was administered for retention and absorption, you may want to stay on your left side for 10 minutes, roll to your back for 10 minutes and then your right side for 10 minutes to help the fluid move through the large colon. 3-4. Watch for side effects. As with any medical treatment, there is the possibility that you may experience some side effects after administering an enema. During the procedure, you may experience a feeling of fullness and some discomfort. Cramps and gas may also persist for a few hours after the enema. Tell your doctor promptly if these symptoms continue any longer than a few hours after the enema has been administered. Using enemas too frequently can result in dehydration and an electrolyte imbalance. Although your body can absorb liquid from the rectum, it can also lose electrolytes from the blood if the fluid in the rectum is hypotonic (or has less electrolytes than in the blood) or can irritate the colon to expel more waste material than intended. Dehydration can have serious side effects for both the heart and kidneys. Decreased urination, dry mouth, increased thirst, lack of tears, dizziness, lightheadedness, or pale and wrinkled skin can all be symptoms of dehydration. An allergic reaction to any of the medications commonly used in enemas is rare. However, if you experience an allergic reaction, which involves symptoms such as a rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing, call your physician immediately. 4. Understanding Enemas 4-1. Understand the purposes of enemas. For the most part, people use enemas in order to treat constipation. When unable to fully evacuate the bowels, an enema can stimulate the colon to contract and force stool out of the body. The enema can also soften the stool that is there, making it easier to expel. But constipation is only one reason why an enema might be administered nor should it be considered a consistent form of relief from constipation. Long-term usage of enemas to relieve constipation can cause serious damage to your bowels and your ability to have a natural bowel movement. Gerson therapy also makes use of enemas. Gerson therapy is a therapeutic approach to cleansing the body of toxins which does not rest on solid scientific research. The basis of the approach involves treating cancer based on diet and nutritional intake, including the use of coffee enemas, which are an essential part of the regimen. Retention enemas are another form of enemas that have long been used to administer medications (including antibiotics and anti-seizure medications) and fluids to the body when oral administration was not possible. The rectum is a cavity in the body which is fully able to absorb nutrients and fluids. Medications have been given through suppositories but fluids are more readily absorbed into the body than medications via oil-based suppositories. In cases where IV administration is not possible, retention enemas can be helpful in the treatment of dehydration triggered by vomiting. Cleansing enemas are used to help the body rid the lower intestines of waste or to administer specific herbs which are expected to be absorbed into the body. Cleansing enemas can be either large- or small-volume enemas which are designed to irritate the colon to produce peristalsis and encourage evacuation of the rectum and large intestines. Always consult your doctor before performing any kind of enema. 4-2. Consider the different solutions used in enemas. Enemas can be made at home or purchased in the store. The fluid used can be medicated or just water. What is used will depend upon the goal of treatment. Consult with your doctor as to what is the best option for you. Here are some different types of enema solutions: Tap water enemas should always use small volumes because the fluid is hypotonic, meaning it will pull electrolytes out of your blood and into the enema, which you then expel. This increases the risk of an electrolyte imbalance. A soap-suds enema can be used but only when pure castile soap is used. Other, harsher soaps can be dangerous to instill in an enema. Oil retention enemas are given to help soften the stool in the rectum, making it easier to pass. Adults may use an enema up to 150 ml and children up to 75 ml. The enema should be retained for 30 to 60 minutes, giving the oil time to penetrate and coat the stool. Powdered milk and molasses is a comfortable enema to use and one of the best treatments for severe constipation. Ask your doctor if this might be helpful for you and to get specific instructions on how to do it. Coffee enemas are used to detoxify and cleanse the bowel. Coffee, when administered rectally, stimulates bile production to help eliminate toxins and improve liver activity. Use coffee that has been boiled for 10 minutes and then cooled to room temperature or grounds that have been soaked overnight. In both cases the water should be strained before the fluid is used. Try to use organically grown coffee to reduce your exposure to pesticides. Note that coffee enemas do not deliver the caffeine you receive when drinking the beverage orally. 4-3. Know the contraindications. It's important that you be aware of the contraindications of using an enema, which are conditions or factors that would make the treatment unsuitable for or harmful to you. In general, enemas are not harmful. However, there are some individuals who should not use enemas, particularly medicated enemas. Do not use medicated enemas if you have severe kidney disease, congestive heart failure, obstruction in your stomach or intestines, paralytic ileus, megacolon or active inflammatory bowel disease. If you are dehydrated, you should also not use an enema. Women who are pregnant or nursing must talk with their doctor before taking any medication to determine if the medicine is safe for the baby. Tips Enemas can be an effective method of relieving an episode constipation and administering fluid to the body. Warnings An enema is only an occasional remedy. By using one consistently you risk losing your natural ability to evacuate your bowels.[16] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:26", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing the Enema\\n1-1. Prepare for the enema.\\nNo matter the goal of the enema, the way in which it is administered is the same. However, if the goal is retention, then enemas are best done after a normal bowel movement and at least a few hours after eating. Don't eat right before doing an enema. For constipation, the enema is given to help evacuate the bowel.\\nEmpty your bladder before an enema to reduce the discomfort associated with adding fluid to the bowel.\\nObtain an enema bag or a Fleets enema bottle from a pharmacy. The first uses fluid prepared at home while the second is a self-contained unit.\\nPlace a waterproof pad under the area where you will lie down in case you inadvertently release the fluid before reaching the bathroom.\\n1-2. Fill a clean enema bag, if using.\\nFill an enema bag with the solution recommended by your doctor. Make sure that the clamp is on to contain the fluid. Once the bag is full, hold the bag, hose end down, and open the clamp momentarily to allow the fluid to purge any air from the hose, and then close the clamp. This will help you to avoid introducing air into the colon, which can cause cramps.\\nIn general, you use smaller amounts of fluid for retention enemas so the rectum is not overwhelmed with the amount of fluid and the individual can retain it without discomfort. Your doctor will instruct you on how full the bag should be.\\nNever share an enema bag, even if it has been cleaned.\\n1-3. Prepare the enema tube.\\nMeasure and mark 4 in (10 cm) on the enema tube so you are assured the tube is not inserted more than 4 in (10 cm) into your rectum.\\nLubricate the end of the tube with a lubricant product, like KY jelly, to make insertion more comfortable.\\n2. Getting into Position for the Enema\\n2-1. Hang the bag 12 to 18 in (30 to 46 cm) above the rectum.\\nThe administration of fluid in a bag uses gravity. Your best bet is to hang it on a hook or stand near where you are going to administer it.You could also have someone hold the bag for you if you don't have anywhere to hang it.\\n2-2. Lie down on your left side with your knees pulled up to your chest.\\nThis changes the position of the lower colon so it is able to receive more fluid from the rectum. Anatomical positioning of the lower colon and gravity will help the fluid to go higher in the colon. Turn your head to one side, and place your left arm under your head.\\n2-3. Insert the lubricated enema tube into your rectum.\\nSeparate the buttocks and identify the anus, or the outside of the rectum, where the tube will be inserted. Slowly insert the end of the enema tube, or the lubricated end of a Fleet's enema bottle, into the rectum approximately 3.5 in (8.9 cm).\\nWhile inserting the tube into the anus, bear down and push the anus out as if for a bowel movement.\\nNever force the tube in! If you can't get it in, do not continue trying. Call your physician to discuss what to do next.\\n3. Releasing the Clamp and Evacuating\\n3-1. Allow the fluid to enter your rectum.\\nIf using an enema bag, release the clamp and allow the fluid to fill inside. If using a Fleet's enema bottle, apply gentle pressure to the bottle. Gently roll the bottle from the bottom to the top so there is no backflow into the bottle.\\n3-2. Wait for all the fluid to enter the rectum.\\nBreathe through your mouth if you feel cramps. Close the clamp temporarily, until cramping eases, then resume the flow. Watch the bag until it is empty and remove the nozzle. If using the Fleet's enema bottle, keep the bottle rolled and gently remove the tube.\\n3-3. Go to the bathroom and evacuate.\\nIf suffering from constipation, try to keep in the lying down position for at least 5 minutes and up to 1 hour before going to the bathroom and expelling the fluid.\\nIf the enema was administered for retention and absorption, you may want to stay on your left side for 10 minutes, roll to your back for 10 minutes and then your right side for 10 minutes to help the fluid move through the large colon.\\n3-4. Watch for side effects.\\nAs with any medical treatment, there is the possibility that you may experience some side effects after administering an enema. During the procedure, you may experience a feeling of fullness and some discomfort. Cramps and gas may also persist for a few hours after the enema. Tell your doctor promptly if these symptoms continue any longer than a few hours after the enema has been administered.\\nUsing enemas too frequently can result in dehydration and an electrolyte imbalance. Although your body can absorb liquid from the rectum, it can also lose electrolytes from the blood if the fluid in the rectum is hypotonic (or has less electrolytes than in the blood) or can irritate the colon to expel more waste material than intended.\\nDehydration can have serious side effects for both the heart and kidneys. Decreased urination, dry mouth, increased thirst, lack of tears, dizziness, lightheadedness, or pale and wrinkled skin can all be symptoms of dehydration.\\nAn allergic reaction to any of the medications commonly used in enemas is rare. However, if you experience an allergic reaction, which involves symptoms such as a rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing, call your physician immediately.\\n4. Understanding Enemas\\n4-1. Understand the purposes of enemas.\\nFor the most part, people use enemas in order to treat constipation. When unable to fully evacuate the bowels, an enema can stimulate the colon to contract and force stool out of the body. The enema can also soften the stool that is there, making it easier to expel. But constipation is only one reason why an enema might be administered nor should it be considered a consistent form of relief from constipation. Long-term usage of enemas to relieve constipation can cause serious damage to your bowels and your ability to have a natural bowel movement.\\nGerson therapy also makes use of enemas. Gerson therapy is a therapeutic approach to cleansing the body of toxins which does not rest on solid scientific research. The basis of the approach involves treating cancer based on diet and nutritional intake, including the use of coffee enemas, which are an essential part of the regimen.\\nRetention enemas are another form of enemas that have long been used to administer medications (including antibiotics and anti-seizure medications) and fluids to the body when oral administration was not possible. The rectum is a cavity in the body which is fully able to absorb nutrients and fluids. Medications have been given through suppositories but fluids are more readily absorbed into the body than medications via oil-based suppositories. In cases where IV administration is not possible, retention enemas can be helpful in the treatment of dehydration triggered by vomiting.\\nCleansing enemas are used to help the body rid the lower intestines of waste or to administer specific herbs which are expected to be absorbed into the body. Cleansing enemas can be either large- or small-volume enemas which are designed to irritate the colon to produce peristalsis and encourage evacuation of the rectum and large intestines.\\nAlways consult your doctor before performing any kind of enema.\\n4-2. Consider the different solutions used in enemas.\\nEnemas can be made at home or purchased in the store. The fluid used can be medicated or just water. What is used will depend upon the goal of treatment. Consult with your doctor as to what is the best option for you. Here are some different types of enema solutions:\\nTap water enemas should always use small volumes because the fluid is hypotonic, meaning it will pull electrolytes out of your blood and into the enema, which you then expel. This increases the risk of an electrolyte imbalance.\\nA soap-suds enema can be used but only when pure castile soap is used. Other, harsher soaps can be dangerous to instill in an enema.\\nOil retention enemas are given to help soften the stool in the rectum, making it easier to pass. Adults may use an enema up to 150 ml and children up to 75 ml. The enema should be retained for 30 to 60 minutes, giving the oil time to penetrate and coat the stool.\\nPowdered milk and molasses is a comfortable enema to use and one of the best treatments for severe constipation. Ask your doctor if this might be helpful for you and to get specific instructions on how to do it.\\nCoffee enemas are used to detoxify and cleanse the bowel. Coffee, when administered rectally, stimulates bile production to help eliminate toxins and improve liver activity. Use coffee that has been boiled for 10 minutes and then cooled to room temperature or grounds that have been soaked overnight. In both cases the water should be strained before the fluid is used. Try to use organically grown coffee to reduce your exposure to pesticides. Note that coffee enemas do not deliver the caffeine you receive when drinking the beverage orally.\\n4-3. Know the contraindications.\\nIt's important that you be aware of the contraindications of using an enema, which are conditions or factors that would make the treatment unsuitable for or harmful to you. In general, enemas are not harmful. However, there are some individuals who should not use enemas, particularly medicated enemas.\\nDo not use medicated enemas if you have severe kidney disease, congestive heart failure, obstruction in your stomach or intestines, paralytic ileus, megacolon or active inflammatory bowel disease. If you are dehydrated, you should also not use an enema.\\nWomen who are pregnant or nursing must talk with their doctor before taking any medication to determine if the medicine is safe for the baby.\\nTips\\nEnemas can be an effective method of relieving an episode constipation and administering fluid to the body.\\nWarnings\\nAn enema is only an occasional remedy. By using one consistently you risk losing your natural ability to evacuate your bowels.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Enemas can be composed of different solutions and be administered for a variety of reasons. \\nThere are already prepared enemas that can be bought in any drugstore or you can use an enema bag. Either way, the process of administering an enema is the same and involves inserting the liquid form of the chosen substance into the lower colon through the rectum. Consult with your physician before administering an enema to determine, firstly, whether it is a good option for you and, secondly, what type of enema should be used.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing the Enema\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepare for the enema.\", \"描述\": \"No matter the goal of the enema, the way in which it is administered is the same. However, if the goal is retention, then enemas are best done after a normal bowel movement and at least a few hours after eating. Don't eat right before doing an enema. For constipation, the enema is given to help evacuate the bowel.\\nEmpty your bladder before an enema to reduce the discomfort associated with adding fluid to the bowel.\\nObtain an enema bag or a Fleets enema bottle from a pharmacy. The first uses fluid prepared at home while the second is a self-contained unit.\\nPlace a waterproof pad under the area where you will lie down in case you inadvertently release the fluid before reaching the bathroom.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fill a clean enema bag, if using.\", \"描述\": \"Fill an enema bag with the solution recommended by your doctor. Make sure that the clamp is on to contain the fluid. Once the bag is full, hold the bag, hose end down, and open the clamp momentarily to allow the fluid to purge any air from the hose, and then close the clamp. This will help you to avoid introducing air into the colon, which can cause cramps.\\nIn general, you use smaller amounts of fluid for retention enemas so the rectum is not overwhelmed with the amount of fluid and the individual can retain it without discomfort. Your doctor will instruct you on how full the bag should be.\\nNever share an enema bag, even if it has been cleaned.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Prepare the enema tube.\", \"描述\": \"Measure and mark 4 in (10 cm) on the enema tube so you are assured the tube is not inserted more than 4 in (10 cm) into your rectum.\\nLubricate the end of the tube with a lubricant product, like KY jelly, to make insertion more comfortable.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting into Position for the Enema\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Hang the bag 12 to 18 in (30 to 46 cm) above the rectum.\", \"描述\": \"The administration of fluid in a bag uses gravity. Your best bet is to hang it on a hook or stand near where you are going to administer it.You could also have someone hold the bag for you if you don't have anywhere to hang it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lie down on your left side with your knees pulled up to your chest.\", \"描述\": \"This changes the position of the lower colon so it is able to receive more fluid from the rectum. Anatomical positioning of the lower colon and gravity will help the fluid to go higher in the colon. Turn your head to one side, and place your left arm under your head.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Insert the lubricated enema tube into your rectum.\", \"描述\": \"Separate the buttocks and identify the anus, or the outside of the rectum, where the tube will be inserted. Slowly insert the end of the enema tube, or the lubricated end of a Fleet's enema bottle, into the rectum approximately 3.5 in (8.9 cm).\\nWhile inserting the tube into the anus, bear down and push the anus out as if for a bowel movement.\\nNever force the tube in! If you can't get it in, do not continue trying. Call your physician to discuss what to do next.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Releasing the Clamp and Evacuating\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Allow the fluid to enter your rectum.\", \"描述\": \"If using an enema bag, release the clamp and allow the fluid to fill inside. If using a Fleet's enema bottle, apply gentle pressure to the bottle. Gently roll the bottle from the bottom to the top so there is no backflow into the bottle.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Wait for all the fluid to enter the rectum.\", \"描述\": \"Breathe through your mouth if you feel cramps. Close the clamp temporarily, until cramping eases, then resume the flow. Watch the bag until it is empty and remove the nozzle. If using the Fleet's enema bottle, keep the bottle rolled and gently remove the tube.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Go to the bathroom and evacuate.\", \"描述\": \"If suffering from constipation, try to keep in the lying down position for at least 5 minutes and up to 1 hour before going to the bathroom and expelling the fluid.\\nIf the enema was administered for retention and absorption, you may want to stay on your left side for 10 minutes, roll to your back for 10 minutes and then your right side for 10 minutes to help the fluid move through the large colon.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Watch for side effects.\", \"描述\": \"As with any medical treatment, there is the possibility that you may experience some side effects after administering an enema. During the procedure, you may experience a feeling of fullness and some discomfort. Cramps and gas may also persist for a few hours after the enema. Tell your doctor promptly if these symptoms continue any longer than a few hours after the enema has been administered.\\nUsing enemas too frequently can result in dehydration and an electrolyte imbalance. Although your body can absorb liquid from the rectum, it can also lose electrolytes from the blood if the fluid in the rectum is hypotonic (or has less electrolytes than in the blood) or can irritate the colon to expel more waste material than intended.\\nDehydration can have serious side effects for both the heart and kidneys. Decreased urination, dry mouth, increased thirst, lack of tears, dizziness, lightheadedness, or pale and wrinkled skin can all be symptoms of dehydration.\\nAn allergic reaction to any of the medications commonly used in enemas is rare. However, if you experience an allergic reaction, which involves symptoms such as a rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or trouble breathing, call your physician immediately.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Understanding Enemas\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand the purposes of enemas.\", \"描述\": \"For the most part, people use enemas in order to treat constipation. When unable to fully evacuate the bowels, an enema can stimulate the colon to contract and force stool out of the body. The enema can also soften the stool that is there, making it easier to expel. But constipation is only one reason why an enema might be administered nor should it be considered a consistent form of relief from constipation. Long-term usage of enemas to relieve constipation can cause serious damage to your bowels and your ability to have a natural bowel movement.\\nGerson therapy also makes use of enemas. Gerson therapy is a therapeutic approach to cleansing the body of toxins which does not rest on solid scientific research. The basis of the approach involves treating cancer based on diet and nutritional intake, including the use of coffee enemas, which are an essential part of the regimen.\\nRetention enemas are another form of enemas that have long been used to administer medications (including antibiotics and anti-seizure medications) and fluids to the body when oral administration was not possible. The rectum is a cavity in the body which is fully able to absorb nutrients and fluids. Medications have been given through suppositories but fluids are more readily absorbed into the body than medications via oil-based suppositories. In cases where IV administration is not possible, retention enemas can be helpful in the treatment of dehydration triggered by vomiting.\\nCleansing enemas are used to help the body rid the lower intestines of waste or to administer specific herbs which are expected to be absorbed into the body. Cleansing enemas can be either large- or small-volume enemas which are designed to irritate the colon to produce peristalsis and encourage evacuation of the rectum and large intestines.\\nAlways consult your doctor before performing any kind of enema.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider the different solutions used in enemas.\", \"描述\": \"Enemas can be made at home or purchased in the store. The fluid used can be medicated or just water. What is used will depend upon the goal of treatment. Consult with your doctor as to what is the best option for you. Here are some different types of enema solutions:\\nTap water enemas should always use small volumes because the fluid is hypotonic, meaning it will pull electrolytes out of your blood and into the enema, which you then expel. This increases the risk of an electrolyte imbalance.\\nA soap-suds enema can be used but only when pure castile soap is used. Other, harsher soaps can be dangerous to instill in an enema.\\nOil retention enemas are given to help soften the stool in the rectum, making it easier to pass. Adults may use an enema up to 150 ml and children up to 75 ml. The enema should be retained for 30 to 60 minutes, giving the oil time to penetrate and coat the stool.\\nPowdered milk and molasses is a comfortable enema to use and one of the best treatments for severe constipation. Ask your doctor if this might be helpful for you and to get specific instructions on how to do it.\\nCoffee enemas are used to detoxify and cleanse the bowel. Coffee, when administered rectally, stimulates bile production to help eliminate toxins and improve liver activity. Use coffee that has been boiled for 10 minutes and then cooled to room temperature or grounds that have been soaked overnight. In both cases the water should be strained before the fluid is used. Try to use organically grown coffee to reduce your exposure to pesticides. Note that coffee enemas do not deliver the caffeine you receive when drinking the beverage orally.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know the contraindications.\", \"描述\": \"It's important that you be aware of the contraindications of using an enema, which are conditions or factors that would make the treatment unsuitable for or harmful to you. In general, enemas are not harmful. However, there are some individuals who should not use enemas, particularly medicated enemas.\\nDo not use medicated enemas if you have severe kidney disease, congestive heart failure, obstruction in your stomach or intestines, paralytic ileus, megacolon or active inflammatory bowel disease. If you are dehydrated, you should also not use an enema.\\nWomen who are pregnant or nursing must talk with their doctor before taking any medication to determine if the medicine is safe for the baby.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Enemas can be an effective method of relieving an episode constipation and administering fluid to the body.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"An enema is only an occasional remedy. By using one consistently you risk losing your natural ability to evacuate your bowels.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,483
How to Administer an Estate
1. Getting Appointed Executor or Administrator 1-1. See if you are eligible. An executor is a person named in the decedent's will to administer the estate. An administrator is a person eligible to administer an estate when the decedent leaves no will (dies intestate) or when the executor will not or cannot serve. Most states allow any person who is over the age of 18 to administer an estate. Some states may require you to be a citizen of the state where the estate is being probated. Most states do not allow felons to act as administrators or executors. In California, certain individuals have priority for being named an administrator. For example, relatives of the decedent, in a specific order, have priority over non-relatives. 1-2. Request appointment. If you are eligible, meaning you have been named in the decedent's will or you meet the administrator eligibility requirements in your state, you can petition the court to allow you to administer the estate. Contact the probate court in the county where the estate will be administered and request the form necessary for appointment. Forms may vary depending on whether you are requesting to be an administrator or executor. Make sure you get ahold of the correct one. Forms will usually be posted online with your local court website. Each state's forms will vary, so be sure you are filling out the correct one. 1-3. Complete the form. Once you obtain the correct form, you will need to fill it out accurately and completely. In general, you will need the following information: The decedent's name; Statements ensuring you meet the eligibility requirements; and The names of other possible administrator candidates, so you can provide them with adequate notice. 1-4. File your application. After completing the form and making the required number of copies (usually two), file your application with the clerk of courts in the county where the estate will be administered. There is usually a filing fee required. If you cannot afford the filing fee, you may be able to waive it if you can convince the court of your financial hardship. Call ahead of time to ask about the fee amount; each state will be different. 1-5. Notify beneficiaries. When you apply to be the administrator of an estate, you will have to inform all beneficiaries of your application. You can find the beneficiaries by looking at the will. If the decedent does not have a will, state law will determine who must be informed. When you notify a beneficiary, you will complete a notice form, which is usually available on state court websites. Once you complete the notice form, you will send it to all of the beneficiaries you can find. 1-6. Attend the appointment hearing. The court will schedule a hearing to give interested parties a chance to object to the appointment. Usually, the hearing is a formality and no one objects to the administrator's appointment. If someone challenges your appointment, then the court will listen. At the hearing, each side will argue why they should be appointed administrator. In some states, the hearing can also be dispensed with if all interested parties sign waivers. 1-7. Get approved. Once the court approves you as the administrator, you will get “Letters of Administration” or "Letters Testamentary." These letters allow you to act on behalf of the estate. For example, you may need to show one of these letters to a bank in order to close the decedent's account and get the remaining balance. 2. Understanding Your Role as an Executor or Administrator 2-1. Learn about your duties. Generally, an administrator or executor preserves the deceased's estate in order to pay off debts and taxes before distributing the remainder to the people entitled to it. The full set of duties are extensive. A partial listing includes: Filing the will in the probate court; Determining whether the will needs to be probated; Finding the deceased person's assets and keeping them safe; Contacting agencies and businesses; Finding creditors the deceased owed money to and paying off legitimate claims; Contacting anyone in debt to the deceased and collecting on the debts; Paying taxes; Distributing property specifically given to beneficiaries or heirs; Liquidating the remainder of the estate; and Closing the estate. 2-2. Understand potential liability. As an executor or administrator, you have a duty to exercise reasonable care when dealing with the estate's property. You also owe the beneficiaries a duty of loyalty and good faith. If you breach either of these duties, then the beneficiaries could sue you in court. You will discharge your duty of reasonable care if you use the same amount of care when handling the estate's property as you would use when handling your own. You discharge your duty of loyalty when you administer the estate solely in the beneficiary's interest and not in your own. State law may impose additional fiduciary duties, which can often be quite specific. For example, California requires that executors disclose assets, properly complete accounting, and distribute assets properly. Virginia requires that executors deal with multiple beneficiaries impartially and that the executor and defend against lawsuits. For a full list of fiduciary duties, you should contact a lawyer. 2-3. Know how you will be compensated. You typically can be compensated for the work that you perform as the executor or administrator. Compensation levels vary by state. States often peg the amount of compensation to the size of the estate. For example, executors in Oregon are entitled to compensation according to the following formula: 7% of the first $1,000 of the estate an additional 4% of any amount over $1,000 but less than $10,000 an additional 3% of any amount above $10,000 up to $50,000 an additional 2% of any amount over $50,000. As executor in Oregon, you would also be entitled to 1% of non-probate property, e.g., life insurance proceeds. 2-4. Weigh the pros and cons. Before taking on the responsibility of becoming an executor or administrator, you should take some time to consider whether or not you want to do the job. A good executor or administrator is careful, patient, organized, and focused on doing an excellent job. Realize that even if you are named as the executor in a will, you can always decline. Furthermore, you can stop being an executor or administrator at any time if you feel it is necessary. You should also consider: The amount of time you have to commit; How familiar you are with the estate; How well you get along with the beneficiaries; and Whether or not there is anyone else who can do the job or help serve as co-executor. 2-5. Meet with an attorney. While you do not need an attorney to be an executor or administrator, you should consider consulting one if issues arise that you are not comfortable handling on your own. In some states, for example New Hampshire, if you consult a lawyer for a proper purpose, the attorneys' fees will be payable out of the estate. 3. Deciding How You Will Administer the Estate 3-1. Know whether you can file a waiver of full administration. In circumstances where the decedent's entire estate is passed down to a single individual, you can administer the estate simply by filing a waiver of full administration, which certifies that no outstanding debt exists. You must file the waiver within a specific time period, usually between six months to one year of your appointment. If you qualify for this type of waiver, you will not need to take an inventory of assets and you will not need to complete an accounting. However, any interested individual can petition the court for a full administration up until you file the waiver. 3-2. Determine if you are eligible for voluntary administration. If you are administering a small estate with no real estate holdings, you can apply for a voluntary administration. This process is a simplified version of the regular process. In New Hampshire, you can file for this process if the decedent's estate involves only personal property with a total value of $10,000 or less. 3-3. Administer the estate through the regular process. If the estate is not eligible for a waiver or voluntary administration, you will have to administer the estate through the regular process. 4. Inventorying the Estate 4-1. Find the will. If you are named the executor in the decedent's will, you will be required to find and file the decedent's will within a certain time period after their death. In New Hampshire, you are required to file the will within 30 days of the decedent's death. If you are appointed administrator, you will have to file the will after your appointment. Filing the decedent's will starts the estate administration process. If the decedent dies without a will, they are determined to have died intestate, and your state's intestacy statute will determine how the estate will be administered. 4-2. Collect the property. As the administrator, it is one of your duties to determine and protect the estate's assets. To collect property, you will have to use your power as administrator or executor to take control of property and ensure its safekeeping. For example, you may have to collect money from the decedent's bank account. To do so, go to the bank and show them your letters of administration. At this point, the bank should honor our authority, close the accounts, and provide you with the money that was in them. In another example, if you are trying to collect something like a vehicle (or another piece of tangible personal property), you may have to locate that property and keep t in a safe place until it is sold or distributed. 4-3. Inventory the property. Once you have collected the property, you will be required to inventory that property. In order to show the court you have successfully completed this task, you will be required to file an inventory form. The inventory form will contain an itemization of all property, its value, and a description. In New Hampshire, the inventory form can be found online and must be filed within 90 days after your appointment as executor or administrator. 5. Managing the Estate 5-1. Allow creditors to make claims. An estate must remain open for at least six months from the date of your appointment to allow creditors the opportunity to make claims against the estate. When it comes time to pay the decedent's debts with the assets of the estate, you will have to pay them in order of priority. If there is not enough cash in the estate to pay the debts, you will have to sell property in order to make the payments. In New Hampshire, the order of priority is: Administrative expenses of the estate; Reasonable funeral and burial expenses; Debts and taxes with preference under federal law; and All other debts. 5-2. Collect debts. Part of managing the estate means collecting outstanding debts owed to the decedent. You need to inform those who owed the decedent money that they should make payment to the estate. Be sure to send debtors a letter to this effect, and keep copies on file. Also, consider checking with an attorney to find out how long debtors have to pay the debts they owe the estate. Be sure to include this information in the letter you send. 5-3. File taxes. As the administrator or executor, you are required to file all the necessary federal and state tax returns on behalf of the decedent and the estate. You can do this by obtaining a federal tax identification number for the estate and filing the proper tax forms. All taxes must be filed within nine months of the decedent's death, unless you receive an extension. 6. Closing the Estate 6-1. Make the final distribution of assets. Once all debts have been paid and all the property has been collected, you will distribute the remaining property to all the decedent's beneficiaries. If there is a will, you will distribute the assets in conformance with the wishes contained within it. If the decedent died intestate, you will distribute the remaining assets in conformance with your state's intestacy statute. You will need to fill out receipts reflecting all of these distributions and they must be signed by the recipients. These receipts must be filed with the court. 6-2. Prepare a final accounting. Once the estate has been managed to completion, you will need to file a final accounting with the court. A final account is a detailed list of assets received, debts paid, and distributions made. When you submit the account to the court, it must be in balance. There is usually a filing fee required. In North Carolina, the fee is $0.40 per $100 on the money and assets received into the estate, with a $15 minimum. 6-3. Close the estate. At this point, if the court is satisfied, the estate will be closed and the court will instruct you that your duties as an administrator or executor have been fulfilled.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:26", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting Appointed Executor or Administrator\\n1-1. See if you are eligible.\\nAn executor is a person named in the decedent's will to administer the estate. An administrator is a person eligible to administer an estate when the decedent leaves no will (dies intestate) or when the executor will not or cannot serve.\\nMost states allow any person who is over the age of 18 to administer an estate.\\nSome states may require you to be a citizen of the state where the estate is being probated.\\nMost states do not allow felons to act as administrators or executors.\\nIn California, certain individuals have priority for being named an administrator. For example, relatives of the decedent, in a specific order, have priority over non-relatives.\\n1-2. Request appointment.\\nIf you are eligible, meaning you have been named in the decedent's will or you meet the administrator eligibility requirements in your state, you can petition the court to allow you to administer the estate. Contact the probate court in the county where the estate will be administered and request the form necessary for appointment.\\nForms may vary depending on whether you are requesting to be an administrator or executor. Make sure you get ahold of the correct one.\\nForms will usually be posted online with your local court website.\\nEach state's forms will vary, so be sure you are filling out the correct one.\\n1-3. Complete the form.\\nOnce you obtain the correct form, you will need to fill it out accurately and completely. In general, you will need the following information:\\nThe decedent's name;\\nStatements ensuring you meet the eligibility requirements; and\\nThe names of other possible administrator candidates, so you can provide them with adequate notice.\\n1-4. File your application.\\nAfter completing the form and making the required number of copies (usually two), file your application with the clerk of courts in the county where the estate will be administered. There is usually a filing fee required. If you cannot afford the filing fee, you may be able to waive it if you can convince the court of your financial hardship. Call ahead of time to ask about the fee amount; each state will be different.\\n1-5. Notify beneficiaries.\\nWhen you apply to be the administrator of an estate, you will have to inform all beneficiaries of your application. You can find the beneficiaries by looking at the will. If the decedent does not have a will, state law will determine who must be informed.\\nWhen you notify a beneficiary, you will complete a notice form, which is usually available on state court websites. Once you complete the notice form, you will send it to all of the beneficiaries you can find.\\n1-6. Attend the appointment hearing.\\nThe court will schedule a hearing to give interested parties a chance to object to the appointment. Usually, the hearing is a formality and no one objects to the administrator's appointment.\\nIf someone challenges your appointment, then the court will listen. At the hearing, each side will argue why they should be appointed administrator.\\nIn some states, the hearing can also be dispensed with if all interested parties sign waivers.\\n1-7. Get approved.\\nOnce the court approves you as the administrator, you will get “Letters of Administration” or \\\"Letters Testamentary.\\\" These letters allow you to act on behalf of the estate.\\nFor example, you may need to show one of these letters to a bank in order to close the decedent's account and get the remaining balance.\\n2. Understanding Your Role as an Executor or Administrator\\n2-1. Learn about your duties.\\nGenerally, an administrator or executor preserves the deceased's estate in order to pay off debts and taxes before distributing the remainder to the people entitled to it. The full set of duties are extensive. A partial listing includes:\\nFiling the will in the probate court;\\nDetermining whether the will needs to be probated;\\nFinding the deceased person's assets and keeping them safe;\\nContacting agencies and businesses;\\nFinding creditors the deceased owed money to and paying off legitimate claims;\\nContacting anyone in debt to the deceased and collecting on the debts;\\nPaying taxes;\\nDistributing property specifically given to beneficiaries or heirs;\\nLiquidating the remainder of the estate; and\\nClosing the estate.\\n2-2. Understand potential liability.\\nAs an executor or administrator, you have a duty to exercise reasonable care when dealing with the estate's property. You also owe the beneficiaries a duty of loyalty and good faith. If you breach either of these duties, then the beneficiaries could sue you in court.\\nYou will discharge your duty of reasonable care if you use the same amount of care when handling the estate's property as you would use when handling your own. You discharge your duty of loyalty when you administer the estate solely in the beneficiary's interest and not in your own.\\nState law may impose additional fiduciary duties, which can often be quite specific. For example, California requires that executors disclose assets, properly complete accounting, and distribute assets properly. Virginia requires that executors deal with multiple beneficiaries impartially and that the executor and defend against lawsuits.\\nFor a full list of fiduciary duties, you should contact a lawyer.\\n2-3. Know how you will be compensated.\\nYou typically can be compensated for the work that you perform as the executor or administrator. Compensation levels vary by state. States often peg the amount of compensation to the size of the estate. For example, executors in Oregon are entitled to compensation according to the following formula:\\n7% of the first $1,000 of the estate\\nan additional 4% of any amount over $1,000 but less than $10,000\\nan additional 3% of any amount above $10,000 up to $50,000\\nan additional 2% of any amount over $50,000.\\nAs executor in Oregon, you would also be entitled to 1% of non-probate property, e.g., life insurance proceeds.\\n2-4. Weigh the pros and cons.\\nBefore taking on the responsibility of becoming an executor or administrator, you should take some time to consider whether or not you want to do the job. A good executor or administrator is careful, patient, organized, and focused on doing an excellent job. Realize that even if you are named as the executor in a will, you can always decline. Furthermore, you can stop being an executor or administrator at any time if you feel it is necessary. You should also consider:\\nThe amount of time you have to commit;\\nHow familiar you are with the estate;\\nHow well you get along with the beneficiaries; and\\nWhether or not there is anyone else who can do the job or help serve as co-executor.\\n2-5. Meet with an attorney.\\nWhile you do not need an attorney to be an executor or administrator, you should consider consulting one if issues arise that you are not comfortable handling on your own.\\nIn some states, for example New Hampshire, if you consult a lawyer for a proper purpose, the attorneys' fees will be payable out of the estate.\\n3. Deciding How You Will Administer the Estate\\n3-1. Know whether you can file a waiver of full administration.\\nIn circumstances where the decedent's entire estate is passed down to a single individual, you can administer the estate simply by filing a waiver of full administration, which certifies that no outstanding debt exists.\\nYou must file the waiver within a specific time period, usually between six months to one year of your appointment.\\nIf you qualify for this type of waiver, you will not need to take an inventory of assets and you will not need to complete an accounting.\\nHowever, any interested individual can petition the court for a full administration up until you file the waiver.\\n3-2. Determine if you are eligible for voluntary administration.\\nIf you are administering a small estate with no real estate holdings, you can apply for a voluntary administration. This process is a simplified version of the regular process.\\nIn New Hampshire, you can file for this process if the decedent's estate involves only personal property with a total value of $10,000 or less.\\n3-3. Administer the estate through the regular process.\\nIf the estate is not eligible for a waiver or voluntary administration, you will have to administer the estate through the regular process.\\n4. Inventorying the Estate\\n4-1. Find the will.\\nIf you are named the executor in the decedent's will, you will be required to find and file the decedent's will within a certain time period after their death. In New Hampshire, you are required to file the will within 30 days of the decedent's death. If you are appointed administrator, you will have to file the will after your appointment.\\nFiling the decedent's will starts the estate administration process.\\nIf the decedent dies without a will, they are determined to have died intestate, and your state's intestacy statute will determine how the estate will be administered.\\n4-2. Collect the property.\\nAs the administrator, it is one of your duties to determine and protect the estate's assets. To collect property, you will have to use your power as administrator or executor to take control of property and ensure its safekeeping.\\nFor example, you may have to collect money from the decedent's bank account. To do so, go to the bank and show them your letters of administration. At this point, the bank should honor our authority, close the accounts, and provide you with the money that was in them.\\nIn another example, if you are trying to collect something like a vehicle (or another piece of tangible personal property), you may have to locate that property and keep t in a safe place until it is sold or distributed.\\n4-3. Inventory the property.\\nOnce you have collected the property, you will be required to inventory that property. In order to show the court you have successfully completed this task, you will be required to file an inventory form. The inventory form will contain an itemization of all property, its value, and a description.\\nIn New Hampshire, the inventory form can be found online and must be filed within 90 days after your appointment as executor or administrator.\\n5. Managing the Estate\\n5-1. Allow creditors to make claims.\\nAn estate must remain open for at least six months from the date of your appointment to allow creditors the opportunity to make claims against the estate. When it comes time to pay the decedent's debts with the assets of the estate, you will have to pay them in order of priority. If there is not enough cash in the estate to pay the debts, you will have to sell property in order to make the payments.\\nIn New Hampshire, the order of priority is:\\nAdministrative expenses of the estate;\\nReasonable funeral and burial expenses;\\nDebts and taxes with preference under federal law; and\\nAll other debts.\\n5-2. Collect debts.\\nPart of managing the estate means collecting outstanding debts owed to the decedent. You need to inform those who owed the decedent money that they should make payment to the estate. Be sure to send debtors a letter to this effect, and keep copies on file. Also, consider checking with an attorney to find out how long debtors have to pay the debts they owe the estate. Be sure to include this information in the letter you send.\\n5-3. File taxes.\\nAs the administrator or executor, you are required to file all the necessary federal and state tax returns on behalf of the decedent and the estate. You can do this by obtaining a federal tax identification number for the estate and filing the proper tax forms.\\nAll taxes must be filed within nine months of the decedent's death, unless you receive an extension.\\n6. Closing the Estate\\n6-1. Make the final distribution of assets.\\nOnce all debts have been paid and all the property has been collected, you will distribute the remaining property to all the decedent's beneficiaries. If there is a will, you will distribute the assets in conformance with the wishes contained within it. If the decedent died intestate, you will distribute the remaining assets in conformance with your state's intestacy statute.\\nYou will need to fill out receipts reflecting all of these distributions and they must be signed by the recipients. These receipts must be filed with the court.\\n6-2. Prepare a final accounting.\\nOnce the estate has been managed to completion, you will need to file a final accounting with the court. A final account is a detailed list of assets received, debts paid, and distributions made. When you submit the account to the court, it must be in balance.\\nThere is usually a filing fee required. In North Carolina, the fee is $0.40 per $100 on the money and assets received into the estate, with a $15 minimum.\\n6-3. Close the estate.\\nAt this point, if the court is satisfied, the estate will be closed and the court will instruct you that your duties as an administrator or executor have been fulfilled.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The administration of someone's estate is done by administrators or executors. When a person dies, their estate must be inventoried, managed, and closed. If you are appointed an executor or administrator, you will need to learn about your role, including what you can and cannot do with the estate.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting Appointed Executor or Administrator\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"See if you are eligible.\", \"描述\": \"An executor is a person named in the decedent's will to administer the estate. An administrator is a person eligible to administer an estate when the decedent leaves no will (dies intestate) or when the executor will not or cannot serve.\\nMost states allow any person who is over the age of 18 to administer an estate.\\nSome states may require you to be a citizen of the state where the estate is being probated.\\nMost states do not allow felons to act as administrators or executors.\\nIn California, certain individuals have priority for being named an administrator. For example, relatives of the decedent, in a specific order, have priority over non-relatives.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Request appointment.\", \"描述\": \"If you are eligible, meaning you have been named in the decedent's will or you meet the administrator eligibility requirements in your state, you can petition the court to allow you to administer the estate. Contact the probate court in the county where the estate will be administered and request the form necessary for appointment.\\nForms may vary depending on whether you are requesting to be an administrator or executor. Make sure you get ahold of the correct one.\\nForms will usually be posted online with your local court website.\\nEach state's forms will vary, so be sure you are filling out the correct one.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete the form.\", \"描述\": \"Once you obtain the correct form, you will need to fill it out accurately and completely. In general, you will need the following information:\\nThe decedent's name;\\nStatements ensuring you meet the eligibility requirements; and\\nThe names of other possible administrator candidates, so you can provide them with adequate notice.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"File your application.\", \"描述\": \"After completing the form and making the required number of copies (usually two), file your application with the clerk of courts in the county where the estate will be administered. There is usually a filing fee required. If you cannot afford the filing fee, you may be able to waive it if you can convince the court of your financial hardship. Call ahead of time to ask about the fee amount; each state will be different.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Notify beneficiaries.\", \"描述\": \"When you apply to be the administrator of an estate, you will have to inform all beneficiaries of your application. You can find the beneficiaries by looking at the will. If the decedent does not have a will, state law will determine who must be informed.\\nWhen you notify a beneficiary, you will complete a notice form, which is usually available on state court websites. Once you complete the notice form, you will send it to all of the beneficiaries you can find.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Attend the appointment hearing.\", \"描述\": \"The court will schedule a hearing to give interested parties a chance to object to the appointment. Usually, the hearing is a formality and no one objects to the administrator's appointment.\\nIf someone challenges your appointment, then the court will listen. At the hearing, each side will argue why they should be appointed administrator.\\nIn some states, the hearing can also be dispensed with if all interested parties sign waivers.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Get approved.\", \"描述\": \"Once the court approves you as the administrator, you will get “Letters of Administration” or \\\"Letters Testamentary.\\\" These letters allow you to act on behalf of the estate.\\nFor example, you may need to show one of these letters to a bank in order to close the decedent's account and get the remaining balance.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understanding Your Role as an Executor or Administrator\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn about your duties.\", \"描述\": \"Generally, an administrator or executor preserves the deceased's estate in order to pay off debts and taxes before distributing the remainder to the people entitled to it. The full set of duties are extensive. A partial listing includes:\\nFiling the will in the probate court;\\nDetermining whether the will needs to be probated;\\nFinding the deceased person's assets and keeping them safe;\\nContacting agencies and businesses;\\nFinding creditors the deceased owed money to and paying off legitimate claims;\\nContacting anyone in debt to the deceased and collecting on the debts;\\nPaying taxes;\\nDistributing property specifically given to beneficiaries or heirs;\\nLiquidating the remainder of the estate; and\\nClosing the estate.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understand potential liability.\", \"描述\": \"As an executor or administrator, you have a duty to exercise reasonable care when dealing with the estate's property. You also owe the beneficiaries a duty of loyalty and good faith. If you breach either of these duties, then the beneficiaries could sue you in court.\\nYou will discharge your duty of reasonable care if you use the same amount of care when handling the estate's property as you would use when handling your own. You discharge your duty of loyalty when you administer the estate solely in the beneficiary's interest and not in your own.\\nState law may impose additional fiduciary duties, which can often be quite specific. For example, California requires that executors disclose assets, properly complete accounting, and distribute assets properly. Virginia requires that executors deal with multiple beneficiaries impartially and that the executor and defend against lawsuits.\\nFor a full list of fiduciary duties, you should contact a lawyer.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know how you will be compensated.\", \"描述\": \"You typically can be compensated for the work that you perform as the executor or administrator. Compensation levels vary by state. States often peg the amount of compensation to the size of the estate. For example, executors in Oregon are entitled to compensation according to the following formula:\\n7% of the first $1,000 of the estate\\nan additional 4% of any amount over $1,000 but less than $10,000\\nan additional 3% of any amount above $10,000 up to $50,000\\nan additional 2% of any amount over $50,000.\\nAs executor in Oregon, you would also be entitled to 1% of non-probate property, e.g., life insurance proceeds.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Weigh the pros and cons.\", \"描述\": \"Before taking on the responsibility of becoming an executor or administrator, you should take some time to consider whether or not you want to do the job. A good executor or administrator is careful, patient, organized, and focused on doing an excellent job. Realize that even if you are named as the executor in a will, you can always decline. Furthermore, you can stop being an executor or administrator at any time if you feel it is necessary. You should also consider:\\nThe amount of time you have to commit;\\nHow familiar you are with the estate;\\nHow well you get along with the beneficiaries; and\\nWhether or not there is anyone else who can do the job or help serve as co-executor.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Meet with an attorney.\", \"描述\": \"While you do not need an attorney to be an executor or administrator, you should consider consulting one if issues arise that you are not comfortable handling on your own.\\nIn some states, for example New Hampshire, if you consult a lawyer for a proper purpose, the attorneys' fees will be payable out of the estate.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Deciding How You Will Administer the Estate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know whether you can file a waiver of full administration.\", \"描述\": \"In circumstances where the decedent's entire estate is passed down to a single individual, you can administer the estate simply by filing a waiver of full administration, which certifies that no outstanding debt exists.\\nYou must file the waiver within a specific time period, usually between six months to one year of your appointment.\\nIf you qualify for this type of waiver, you will not need to take an inventory of assets and you will not need to complete an accounting.\\nHowever, any interested individual can petition the court for a full administration up until you file the waiver.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Determine if you are eligible for voluntary administration.\", \"描述\": \"If you are administering a small estate with no real estate holdings, you can apply for a voluntary administration. This process is a simplified version of the regular process.\\nIn New Hampshire, you can file for this process if the decedent's estate involves only personal property with a total value of $10,000 or less.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Administer the estate through the regular process.\", \"描述\": \"If the estate is not eligible for a waiver or voluntary administration, you will have to administer the estate through the regular process.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Inventorying the Estate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the will.\", \"描述\": \"If you are named the executor in the decedent's will, you will be required to find and file the decedent's will within a certain time period after their death. In New Hampshire, you are required to file the will within 30 days of the decedent's death. If you are appointed administrator, you will have to file the will after your appointment.\\nFiling the decedent's will starts the estate administration process.\\nIf the decedent dies without a will, they are determined to have died intestate, and your state's intestacy statute will determine how the estate will be administered.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Collect the property.\", \"描述\": \"As the administrator, it is one of your duties to determine and protect the estate's assets. To collect property, you will have to use your power as administrator or executor to take control of property and ensure its safekeeping.\\nFor example, you may have to collect money from the decedent's bank account. To do so, go to the bank and show them your letters of administration. At this point, the bank should honor our authority, close the accounts, and provide you with the money that was in them.\\nIn another example, if you are trying to collect something like a vehicle (or another piece of tangible personal property), you may have to locate that property and keep t in a safe place until it is sold or distributed.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Inventory the property.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have collected the property, you will be required to inventory that property. In order to show the court you have successfully completed this task, you will be required to file an inventory form. The inventory form will contain an itemization of all property, its value, and a description.\\nIn New Hampshire, the inventory form can be found online and must be filed within 90 days after your appointment as executor or administrator.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Managing the Estate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Allow creditors to make claims.\", \"描述\": \"An estate must remain open for at least six months from the date of your appointment to allow creditors the opportunity to make claims against the estate. When it comes time to pay the decedent's debts with the assets of the estate, you will have to pay them in order of priority. If there is not enough cash in the estate to pay the debts, you will have to sell property in order to make the payments.\\nIn New Hampshire, the order of priority is:\\nAdministrative expenses of the estate;\\nReasonable funeral and burial expenses;\\nDebts and taxes with preference under federal law; and\\nAll other debts.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Collect debts.\", \"描述\": \"Part of managing the estate means collecting outstanding debts owed to the decedent. You need to inform those who owed the decedent money that they should make payment to the estate. Be sure to send debtors a letter to this effect, and keep copies on file. Also, consider checking with an attorney to find out how long debtors have to pay the debts they owe the estate. Be sure to include this information in the letter you send.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"File taxes.\", \"描述\": \"As the administrator or executor, you are required to file all the necessary federal and state tax returns on behalf of the decedent and the estate. You can do this by obtaining a federal tax identification number for the estate and filing the proper tax forms.\\nAll taxes must be filed within nine months of the decedent's death, unless you receive an extension.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Closing the Estate\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make the final distribution of assets.\", \"描述\": \"Once all debts have been paid and all the property has been collected, you will distribute the remaining property to all the decedent's beneficiaries. If there is a will, you will distribute the assets in conformance with the wishes contained within it. If the decedent died intestate, you will distribute the remaining assets in conformance with your state's intestacy statute.\\nYou will need to fill out receipts reflecting all of these distributions and they must be signed by the recipients. These receipts must be filed with the court.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Prepare a final accounting.\", \"描述\": \"Once the estate has been managed to completion, you will need to file a final accounting with the court. A final account is a detailed list of assets received, debts paid, and distributions made. When you submit the account to the court, it must be in balance.\\nThere is usually a filing fee required. In North Carolina, the fee is $0.40 per $100 on the money and assets received into the estate, with a $15 minimum.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Close the estate.\", \"描述\": \"At this point, if the court is satisfied, the estate will be closed and the court will instruct you that your duties as an administrator or executor have been fulfilled.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,484
How to Admit Cheating on a Loved One
1. Setting the Tone 1-1. Choose an appropriate time and place. Privacy is a must for this type of conversation. Pick a time and location that will allow you to carry on a long, uninterrupted discussion. You will most likely be better off having this conversation at home in your living room than in a public setting such as a restaurant or café. Try not to choose a time when your spouse is already stressed, such as right after he or she gets off of work. 1-2. Consider your spouse’s schedule and preferences. You may also want to check with your partner to be sure that the time and place you are considering for this conversation will work for him or her. Try telling your spouse that you have something important that you want to discuss and ask when he or she would like to talk. For example, you might say, “I have something important that I need to talk to you about and I want to make sure that we will have enough time. When would be good for you?” 1-3. Stick with the truth. If you’ve decided to come clean, now is the time for the truth. Even if your partner asks painful questions, complete candidness is necessary. Try to be as straightforward as possible and do not leave out any details. You may think that leaving out some of the details of your affair may be a good idea, but only offering up a partial confession will end up making you feel worse. For example, if you cheated on your partner multiple times, then a partial confession would be telling your spouse that you only cheated once. 1-4. Listen to your spouse While you have a lot to get off your chest, your mate will probably want to say some things as well. Avoid talking over him or her and simply listen. Showing respect for their thoughts and feelings will go a long way towards repairing the relationship. Show that you are listening by leaning towards your partner and maintaining eye contact. Remove all distractions to avoid interruptions. Turn off your phone, TV, laptop, etc. Don’t interrupt your partner when he or she is talking. Listen until he or she finishes saying what he or she has to say. Rephrase what your partner has just said to show that you were listening. For example, you can start by saying something like, “If I am understanding correctly, it sounds like you are saying” 2. Delivering the News 2-1. Use simple, direct statements. Unnecessary details and long-winded stories will only derail the conversation. Stick to the pertinent details to avoid prolonging an already painful conversation. “We met at work.” is better than beginning a long story like “The mailroom manager needed a new assistant. So she hired this new guy and began training him.” Be ready to elaborate when asked, however. Don't skimp on the details if your mate wants to know more. 2-2. Respect their right to know. No matter how many questions your spouse has, patiently answer them as best you can. Being willing to talk, even about uncomfortable details, signals openness and a commitment to rebuilding trust. Therapists urge, therefore, divulging all so that the healing process can truly commence. Further, if the shoe were on the other foot, you would expect the same patience and respect from them. 2-3. Don’t get defensive. Refusing to take responsibility or downplaying your mistakes will only inflame tensions. Your focus shouldn’t be on protecting yourself, but on being there to support your partner in their time of need. Relationship experts have concluded that defensive statements not only sabotage individual conversations but, given enough time, entire marriages too. Avoid these types of statements: "I didn't mean to hurt you!" "It only happened once." "You don't know what you're talking about!" 2-4. Do not defend the other person in the affair. This sends a clear signal to your partner that you have feelings for your former companion. Why else would you feel compelled to defend them? If you are truly dedicated to repairing your current relationship then you must make it clear that your mate is now number one. 3. Making Amends, Or Not 3-1. Own up to your mistakes. Sincerely apologize for your wrongdoings. Feelings of guilt aside, seeing how painful this process is for your partner should be motivation enough to admit your errors. Science has show that those who are willing to offer up a mea culpa are also generally happier people. 3-2. Explain why you're sorry. A heartfelt apology usually includes a statement that not only acknowledges your error, but also shows remorse for injuring the other person. Confessing aloud that you've wounded your spouse shows them their feelings matter too. If you're still at a loss for words in saying you're sorry, here are a few suggestions: "I'm so sorry I lied to you. You did not deserve to be treated that way." "This was all my fault. I apologize for hurting you." "Lying was wrong and I'm sorry I violated your trust." 3-3. Suggest couples’ counseling. If you’re committed to making the relationship right again, suggest a joint therapist visit. Dealing with the fallout of infidelity can be a long and messy process. A trained counselor might be able to help you and your partner put the pieces back together. 3-4. Commit to total honesty. It will take a long time to rebuild trust. Being completely truthful with your partner from this point forward, however, shows that you're willing to work hard to make your relationship work. You may need to agree to some terms that will help your partner to trust you again. For example, you might agree to check in more often when you are out or to allow your partner to have access to your phone, email, and social media accounts. 3-5. Share your feelings with your spouse. Therapists emphasize that in order for a relationship to truly heal after an affair, it requires sharing insights and feelings with your partner. Take time to understand your motivations for seeking extramarital companionship and then share what you've learned with your spouse. Some useful questions to ask of yourself include: "Was I feeling lonely?" "If so, why?" "Why did I choose that person over my spouse?" "What feelings did I have for my former lover?" 3-6. Expect rejection. While 70% of couples will go on to work on the relationship and try to stay together, some couples will not stay together after a spouse cheats. Make sure that you are prepared for the possibility that your relationship may end. You should also be prepared for anger from your spouse. Remember that your spouse has a right to be angry. Be willing to listen to your spouse as he or she expresses feelings of anger. Keep in mind that you have had lots of time to prepare yourself for this discussion, but it may be a total surprise to your spouse. Tips Inform your spouse as soon as possible. Finding out from a third party is especially painful. Your mate will want to know why you strayed. Answering this question might take some time, and countless hours in therapy, to uncover. So be patient. Explain that your partner was not at fault. Your partner’s self esteem will take a hit when they hear the news. They might even begin blaming themselves. Take the time to emphasize that the mistake is yours alone. Warnings Seek out a clean bill of health from your family doctor immediately. If you engaged in any risky sexual behavior outside the relationship and then had sex with your loved one, they deserve to know. Everyone reacts differently to the delivery of bad news. Be prepared for your partner to scream, get physically violent or leave altogether. Manage your anger so that you can help them in their time of need.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:27", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Setting the Tone\\n1-1. Choose an appropriate time and place.\\nPrivacy is a must for this type of conversation. Pick a time and location that will allow you to carry on a long, uninterrupted discussion.\\nYou will most likely be better off having this conversation at home in your living room than in a public setting such as a restaurant or café.\\nTry not to choose a time when your spouse is already stressed, such as right after he or she gets off of work.\\n1-2. Consider your spouse’s schedule and preferences.\\nYou may also want to check with your partner to be sure that the time and place you are considering for this conversation will work for him or her. Try telling your spouse that you have something important that you want to discuss and ask when he or she would like to talk.\\nFor example, you might say, “I have something important that I need to talk to you about and I want to make sure that we will have enough time. When would be good for you?”\\n1-3. Stick with the truth.\\nIf you’ve decided to come clean, now is the time for the truth. Even if your partner asks painful questions, complete candidness is necessary. Try to be as straightforward as possible and do not leave out any details.\\nYou may think that leaving out some of the details of your affair may be a good idea, but only offering up a partial confession will end up making you feel worse. For example, if you cheated on your partner multiple times, then a partial confession would be telling your spouse that you only cheated once.\\n1-4. Listen to your spouse\\nWhile you have a lot to get off your chest, your mate will probably want to say some things as well. Avoid talking over him or her and simply listen. Showing respect for their thoughts and feelings will go a long way towards repairing the relationship.\\nShow that you are listening by leaning towards your partner and maintaining eye contact.\\nRemove all distractions to avoid interruptions. Turn off your phone, TV, laptop, etc.\\nDon’t interrupt your partner when he or she is talking. Listen until he or she finishes saying what he or she has to say.\\nRephrase what your partner has just said to show that you were listening. For example, you can start by saying something like, “If I am understanding correctly, it sounds like you are saying”\\n2. Delivering the News\\n2-1. Use simple, direct statements.\\nUnnecessary details and long-winded stories will only derail the conversation. Stick to the pertinent details to avoid prolonging an already painful conversation.\\n“We met at work.” is better than beginning a long story like “The mailroom manager needed a new assistant. So she hired this new guy and began training him.”\\nBe ready to elaborate when asked, however. Don't skimp on the details if your mate wants to know more.\\n2-2. Respect their right to know.\\nNo matter how many questions your spouse has, patiently answer them as best you can. Being willing to talk, even about uncomfortable details, signals openness and a commitment to rebuilding trust. Therapists urge, therefore, divulging all so that the healing process can truly commence. Further, if the shoe were on the other foot, you would expect the same patience and respect from them.\\n2-3. Don’t get defensive.\\nRefusing to take responsibility or downplaying your mistakes will only inflame tensions. Your focus shouldn’t be on protecting yourself, but on being there to support your partner in their time of need. Relationship experts have concluded that defensive statements not only sabotage individual conversations but, given enough time, entire marriages too. Avoid these types of statements:\\n\\\"I didn't mean to hurt you!\\\"\\n\\\"It only happened once.\\\"\\n\\\"You don't know what you're talking about!\\\"\\n2-4. Do not defend the other person in the affair.\\nThis sends a clear signal to your partner that you have feelings for your former companion. Why else would you feel compelled to defend them? If you are truly dedicated to repairing your current relationship then you must make it clear that your mate is now number one.\\n3. Making Amends, Or Not\\n3-1. Own up to your mistakes.\\nSincerely apologize for your wrongdoings. Feelings of guilt aside, seeing how painful this process is for your partner should be motivation enough to admit your errors. Science has show that those who are willing to offer up a mea culpa are also generally happier people.\\n3-2. Explain why you're sorry.\\nA heartfelt apology usually includes a statement that not only acknowledges your error, but also shows remorse for injuring the other person. Confessing aloud that you've wounded your spouse shows them their feelings matter too. If you're still at a loss for words in saying you're sorry, here are a few suggestions:\\n\\\"I'm so sorry I lied to you. You did not deserve to be treated that way.\\\"\\n\\\"This was all my fault. I apologize for hurting you.\\\"\\n\\\"Lying was wrong and I'm sorry I violated your trust.\\\"\\n3-3. Suggest couples’ counseling.\\nIf you’re committed to making the relationship right again, suggest a joint therapist visit. Dealing with the fallout of infidelity can be a long and messy process. A trained counselor might be able to help you and your partner put the pieces back together.\\n3-4. Commit to total honesty.\\nIt will take a long time to rebuild trust. Being completely truthful with your partner from this point forward, however, shows that you're willing to work hard to make your relationship work.\\nYou may need to agree to some terms that will help your partner to trust you again. For example, you might agree to check in more often when you are out or to allow your partner to have access to your phone, email, and social media accounts.\\n3-5. Share your feelings with your spouse.\\nTherapists emphasize that in order for a relationship to truly heal after an affair, it requires sharing insights and feelings with your partner. Take time to understand your motivations for seeking extramarital companionship and then share what you've learned with your spouse. Some useful questions to ask of yourself include:\\n\\\"Was I feeling lonely?\\\" \\\"If so, why?\\\"\\n\\\"Why did I choose that person over my spouse?\\\"\\n\\\"What feelings did I have for my former lover?\\\"\\n3-6. Expect rejection.\\nWhile 70% of couples will go on to work on the relationship and try to stay together, some couples will not stay together after a spouse cheats. Make sure that you are prepared for the possibility that your relationship may end.\\nYou should also be prepared for anger from your spouse. Remember that your spouse has a right to be angry. Be willing to listen to your spouse as he or she expresses feelings of anger.\\nKeep in mind that you have had lots of time to prepare yourself for this discussion, but it may be a total surprise to your spouse.\\nTips\\nInform your spouse as soon as possible. Finding out from a third party is especially painful.\\nYour mate will want to know why you strayed. Answering this question might take some time, and countless hours in therapy, to uncover. So be patient.\\nExplain that your partner was not at fault. Your partner’s self esteem will take a hit when they hear the news. They might even begin blaming themselves. Take the time to emphasize that the mistake is yours alone.\\nWarnings\\nSeek out a clean bill of health from your family doctor immediately. If you engaged in any risky sexual behavior outside the relationship and then had sex with your loved one, they deserve to know.\\nEveryone reacts differently to the delivery of bad news. Be prepared for your partner to scream, get physically violent or leave altogether. Manage your anger so that you can help them in their time of need.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Cheating is a common phenomenon. Every year approximately 10 percent of married individuals admit to having an illicit affair. Those rates rise for couples under 35 years of age. While some choose never to expose their indiscretions, other feel the need to come clean. If you’ve decided to admit an affair, there are several techniques you can follow to help ease the delivery of this unwelcome news.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Setting the Tone\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose an appropriate time and place.\", \"描述\": \"Privacy is a must for this type of conversation. Pick a time and location that will allow you to carry on a long, uninterrupted discussion.\\nYou will most likely be better off having this conversation at home in your living room than in a public setting such as a restaurant or café.\\nTry not to choose a time when your spouse is already stressed, such as right after he or she gets off of work.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider your spouse’s schedule and preferences.\", \"描述\": \"You may also want to check with your partner to be sure that the time and place you are considering for this conversation will work for him or her. Try telling your spouse that you have something important that you want to discuss and ask when he or she would like to talk.\\nFor example, you might say, “I have something important that I need to talk to you about and I want to make sure that we will have enough time. When would be good for you?”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stick with the truth.\", \"描述\": \"If you’ve decided to come clean, now is the time for the truth. Even if your partner asks painful questions, complete candidness is necessary. Try to be as straightforward as possible and do not leave out any details.\\nYou may think that leaving out some of the details of your affair may be a good idea, but only offering up a partial confession will end up making you feel worse. For example, if you cheated on your partner multiple times, then a partial confession would be telling your spouse that you only cheated once.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Listen to your spouse\", \"描述\": \"While you have a lot to get off your chest, your mate will probably want to say some things as well. Avoid talking over him or her and simply listen. Showing respect for their thoughts and feelings will go a long way towards repairing the relationship.\\nShow that you are listening by leaning towards your partner and maintaining eye contact.\\nRemove all distractions to avoid interruptions. Turn off your phone, TV, laptop, etc.\\nDon’t interrupt your partner when he or she is talking. Listen until he or she finishes saying what he or she has to say.\\nRephrase what your partner has just said to show that you were listening. For example, you can start by saying something like, “If I am understanding correctly, it sounds like you are saying”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Delivering the News\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use simple, direct statements.\", \"描述\": \"Unnecessary details and long-winded stories will only derail the conversation. Stick to the pertinent details to avoid prolonging an already painful conversation.\\n“We met at work.” is better than beginning a long story like “The mailroom manager needed a new assistant. So she hired this new guy and began training him.”\\nBe ready to elaborate when asked, however. Don't skimp on the details if your mate wants to know more.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Respect their right to know.\", \"描述\": \"No matter how many questions your spouse has, patiently answer them as best you can. Being willing to talk, even about uncomfortable details, signals openness and a commitment to rebuilding trust. Therapists urge, therefore, divulging all so that the healing process can truly commence. Further, if the shoe were on the other foot, you would expect the same patience and respect from them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Don’t get defensive.\", \"描述\": \"Refusing to take responsibility or downplaying your mistakes will only inflame tensions. Your focus shouldn’t be on protecting yourself, but on being there to support your partner in their time of need. Relationship experts have concluded that defensive statements not only sabotage individual conversations but, given enough time, entire marriages too. Avoid these types of statements:\\n\\\"I didn't mean to hurt you!\\\"\\n\\\"It only happened once.\\\"\\n\\\"You don't know what you're talking about!\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Do not defend the other person in the affair.\", \"描述\": \"This sends a clear signal to your partner that you have feelings for your former companion. Why else would you feel compelled to defend them? If you are truly dedicated to repairing your current relationship then you must make it clear that your mate is now number one.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Making Amends, Or Not\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Own up to your mistakes.\", \"描述\": \"Sincerely apologize for your wrongdoings. Feelings of guilt aside, seeing how painful this process is for your partner should be motivation enough to admit your errors. Science has show that those who are willing to offer up a mea culpa are also generally happier people.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Explain why you're sorry.\", \"描述\": \"A heartfelt apology usually includes a statement that not only acknowledges your error, but also shows remorse for injuring the other person. Confessing aloud that you've wounded your spouse shows them their feelings matter too. If you're still at a loss for words in saying you're sorry, here are a few suggestions:\\n\\\"I'm so sorry I lied to you. You did not deserve to be treated that way.\\\"\\n\\\"This was all my fault. I apologize for hurting you.\\\"\\n\\\"Lying was wrong and I'm sorry I violated your trust.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Suggest couples’ counseling.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re committed to making the relationship right again, suggest a joint therapist visit. Dealing with the fallout of infidelity can be a long and messy process. A trained counselor might be able to help you and your partner put the pieces back together.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Commit to total honesty.\", \"描述\": \"It will take a long time to rebuild trust. Being completely truthful with your partner from this point forward, however, shows that you're willing to work hard to make your relationship work.\\nYou may need to agree to some terms that will help your partner to trust you again. For example, you might agree to check in more often when you are out or to allow your partner to have access to your phone, email, and social media accounts.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Share your feelings with your spouse.\", \"描述\": \"Therapists emphasize that in order for a relationship to truly heal after an affair, it requires sharing insights and feelings with your partner. Take time to understand your motivations for seeking extramarital companionship and then share what you've learned with your spouse. Some useful questions to ask of yourself include:\\n\\\"Was I feeling lonely?\\\" \\\"If so, why?\\\"\\n\\\"Why did I choose that person over my spouse?\\\"\\n\\\"What feelings did I have for my former lover?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Expect rejection.\", \"描述\": \"While 70% of couples will go on to work on the relationship and try to stay together, some couples will not stay together after a spouse cheats. Make sure that you are prepared for the possibility that your relationship may end.\\nYou should also be prepared for anger from your spouse. Remember that your spouse has a right to be angry. Be willing to listen to your spouse as he or she expresses feelings of anger.\\nKeep in mind that you have had lots of time to prepare yourself for this discussion, but it may be a total surprise to your spouse.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Inform your spouse as soon as possible. Finding out from a third party is especially painful.\\n\", \"Your mate will want to know why you strayed. Answering this question might take some time, and countless hours in therapy, to uncover. So be patient.\\n\", \"Explain that your partner was not at fault. Your partner’s self esteem will take a hit when they hear the news. They might even begin blaming themselves. Take the time to emphasize that the mistake is yours alone.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Seek out a clean bill of health from your family doctor immediately. If you engaged in any risky sexual behavior outside the relationship and then had sex with your loved one, they deserve to know.\\n\", \"Everyone reacts differently to the delivery of bad news. Be prepared for your partner to scream, get physically violent or leave altogether. Manage your anger so that you can help them in their time of need.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,485
How to Admit Mistakes
1. Steps 1-1. Consider your feelings when you make a mistake. If you're a perfectionist or someone with an overactive internal critic, making mistakes can absolutely terrify you and cause you to believe that you have to cover them up or foist the blame elsewhere. Yet, these actions cause their own problems and end up making the mistake worse or even have greater ramifications than had you faced the mistake openly. If any of the following responses apply to you, then you definitely need to practice the suggestions in the remainder of the article: When you make a mistake, your internal critic goes into overdrive, faulting everything you do and making the whole mistake seem much worse than it actually is. You think purely in negatives about the mistake. Following a mistake, you tend to put yourself down, calling yourself stupid, clueless, dumb, and hopeless. You may even convince yourself that "I'll never get this right", thereby barring any possibility of learning. Mistakes in any area cause you to cease to trust your own ideas or thoughts in that area and to second-guess the things you do and decisions or choices you make. You tell yourself that the mistake "must never happen again", treating the past as a warning to the future that stifles growth and innovation, causing you to stop taking reasonable risks to further your career, studies, life plans, etc. Soon, you're an irritable hermit who repeats only the actions that you know won't result in "mistakes". Your idea of "mistake" is warped. You treat even the smallest slip-up, like forgetting to make your lover a cup of tea one morning or not spell checking a document once in a while, as major catastrophes in letting down others. 1-2. Re-envision your idea of what it means to make mistakes. First up, mistakes are going to happen and they're going to keep happening even after you've "learned your lesson". Life is very generous with mistakes, just as it's very generous with learning opportunities, love and chance of fulfillment if you choose to take them. Second, mistakes teach us what we're capable of by showing us what doesn't work. Remember Edison's 10,000 attempts at getting a light bulb to work when you feel like calling your efforts a mistake. Third, quite a large number of mistakes have resulted in creations and inventions of a scientific, business, architectural, creative, or other nature. Indeed, mistakes can even reveal breakthroughs in self-understanding. Mistakes have their place in life. 1-3. Own your mistakes. One of the best and most effective responses to making a mistake is to take responsibility for having made it, especially where it upsets, harms, or disturbs other people. And owning your mistakes is also good for mistakes that simply bother your own sense of who you are striving to be, so as to avoid the blame game. Don't try to run away from the mistake or it will continue to chase you. 1-4. Make amends This isn't as hard as it seems unless pride is holding you back. See the second part of this article below for how to admit a mistake to a particular person. 1-5. Accept your behavior but don't put yourself down. Instead of calling yourself a whole bunch of negative names, realize that while you could have done better/differently/more considerately than you did, perhaps mitigating factors such as tiredness, hunger, a sense of urgency, a desire to please, etc. overtook your more balanced self. Concentrate on how to deal with the underlying reason rather than on belittling your whole self. For example, you could tell yourself something like: "In future, I could ensure I've eaten/slept/got hold of all the facts/called a friend, etc. before making a difficult decision/reaching a conclusion/creating the work, etc." 1-6. Learn to move on. Looking back is for people mired in negative thinking about the past. You can't change the past but you can live more consciously in the present. Learn from the mistake but cease to dwell on it. Next time there's a mistake, this learning will allow your perception to see things very differently. 1-7. Strive for excellence. Many people unable to admit to mistakes suffer from a strive for "perfection". Striving for perfection will see you mired in mistakes all your life, bogged down by error after glaring error and feeling demoralized all the time. Instead, focus on striving for excellence while allowing yourself to be the imperfect being you are. You don't have to be the best at everything. You don't have to be the brightest, bubbliest, prettiest, best-dressed person in the room. If you think you do need to be the best, you will be self-absorbed about your flaws and almost everything you do and every way you are will be a mistake in your own eyes. You are perfect the way you are, a competent being who continues to be open to learning and continuous growth. 2. Admitting a Mistake to Someone in Particular 2-1. Make an effort to talk to the person affected by your mistake. If you can't tell them, at least talk to a close friend. Even though it's hard, focus on the long-term picture of the relationship rather than the short-term difficulty of owning up. 2-2. Start with an admission you were wrong. For example, say: "I'm sorry I started that rumor. It was a really hurtful and childish thing to do." 2-3. Apologize For example, say: "I'm sorry that I've ignored your opinion. I see now that I really hurt your feelings." Only apologize if you are sincerely sorry. An insincere apology will hurt the other person more. 2-4. Explain yourself if you need to. For example, say: "If I had known that Jane Doe had the problem under control, I wouldn't have gotten involved and created that mess." If it's a minor mistake, or not very serious, make a joke about the incident. It shows that you're comfortable with yourself and can get over minor difficulties. For example, say: "Next time we have an important client, I'll have to have cheat cards like a newscaster. Then I'll remember to get the names right!" Look around and watch people who turn their gaffes into humorous stories or successful anecdotes. These people tend to be relaxed, self-assured, and very likeable because they can see the funny or less serious side of their mistakes. 2-5. Explain why it won't happen again. For example, say: "That was really foolish of me. Next time I see a situation like that, I'll ask for details instead of jumping to conclusions." 2-6. Give the other person space to respond. Depending on the situation, the other person may take time to get back to you. And when they do, don't try to rearrange their understanding of the situation. Listen to how they perceived your actions, words, or involvement. 2-7. Let it go. Be bold and move on. Either the person will accept your admission or they won't but you need to get on with life. Dwelling on what happened or trying to force an outcome never makes things better. Cease the fretting and trying too hard and simply let things be. 3. Testing Your Ability to Admit to Mistakes 3-1. Test your response. Perhaps there isn't someone right now to whom you need to admit a mistake but you'd still like to know if you've taken on board the suggestions contained in this article. You can try this out by testing your response to a deliberately made mistake. The next steps detail some mistakes you can "try" and then test your response: Read the newspaper upside down. When someone notices, what will you say to them? Hug someone you don't know. When they act surprised, what will you say? Drop something in the kitchen, like a condiments jar. What will you say to the person who notices your mistake? Drive home from work without a map, following a brand new route. When you feel lost, how will you react? Will you ask for help or keep driving even more lost? Will you call home to admit what you're doing? 3-2. Deal with some change. In each case, you're pushing yourself outside of your usual habit or comfort zone. And you're opening yourself up to someone else noticing and possibly judging you. Try reacting in these ways: Own up to the mistake. "Why yes! So I am reading this newspaper upside down. To be honest, I'm actually snoozing behind it but you've caught me out!" Make amends if needed. "I'm sorry I dropped your favorite jar of pickles. I was testing out a theory. I'll buy a new one in the morning." Most of all, focus on your self-awareness of how it feels to make a mistake consciously. You're not perfect but you are clued in to your limitations and the importance of always making a positive connection with others. Tips Do not hold a grudge. In other words, don't take too long to admit to your mistakes. The guy might not have been the one and leave you. He can't wait any longer! So don't take forever. Reply! More serious conversations should always be held in person. Less serious issues can be handled via phone or email. Don't pressure someone for forgiveness. Forgiveness must be given from the heart, as a genuine gesture. Like praise, you cannot force it. Warnings You can't control other people's responses. However, you can make sure you move on. Stop chastising yourself for not being good enough or for getting things wrong. You are good enough and everyone gets things wrong on the path to getting them right. Learn from your mistakes. Assess what went wrong and how you can prevent it in the future. If you forget the incident, you're likely to repeat the mistake.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:27", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Consider your feelings when you make a mistake.\\nIf you're a perfectionist or someone with an overactive internal critic, making mistakes can absolutely terrify you and cause you to believe that you have to cover them up or foist the blame elsewhere. Yet, these actions cause their own problems and end up making the mistake worse or even have greater ramifications than had you faced the mistake openly. If any of the following responses apply to you, then you definitely need to practice the suggestions in the remainder of the article:\\nWhen you make a mistake, your internal critic goes into overdrive, faulting everything you do and making the whole mistake seem much worse than it actually is. You think purely in negatives about the mistake.\\nFollowing a mistake, you tend to put yourself down, calling yourself stupid, clueless, dumb, and hopeless. You may even convince yourself that \\\"I'll never get this right\\\", thereby barring any possibility of learning.\\nMistakes in any area cause you to cease to trust your own ideas or thoughts in that area and to second-guess the things you do and decisions or choices you make.\\nYou tell yourself that the mistake \\\"must never happen again\\\", treating the past as a warning to the future that stifles growth and innovation, causing you to stop taking reasonable risks to further your career, studies, life plans, etc. Soon, you're an irritable hermit who repeats only the actions that you know won't result in \\\"mistakes\\\".\\nYour idea of \\\"mistake\\\" is warped. You treat even the smallest slip-up, like forgetting to make your lover a cup of tea one morning or not spell checking a document once in a while, as major catastrophes in letting down others.\\n1-2. Re-envision your idea of what it means to make mistakes.\\nFirst up, mistakes are going to happen and they're going to keep happening even after you've \\\"learned your lesson\\\". Life is very generous with mistakes, just as it's very generous with learning opportunities, love and chance of fulfillment if you choose to take them. Second, mistakes teach us what we're capable of by showing us what doesn't work. Remember Edison's 10,000 attempts at getting a light bulb to work when you feel like calling your efforts a mistake. Third, quite a large number of mistakes have resulted in creations and inventions of a scientific, business, architectural, creative, or other nature. Indeed, mistakes can even reveal breakthroughs in self-understanding. Mistakes have their place in life.\\n1-3. Own your mistakes.\\nOne of the best and most effective responses to making a mistake is to take responsibility for having made it, especially where it upsets, harms, or disturbs other people. And owning your mistakes is also good for mistakes that simply bother your own sense of who you are striving to be, so as to avoid the blame game. Don't try to run away from the mistake or it will continue to chase you.\\n1-4. Make amends\\nThis isn't as hard as it seems unless pride is holding you back. See the second part of this article below for how to admit a mistake to a particular person.\\n1-5. Accept your behavior but don't put yourself down.\\nInstead of calling yourself a whole bunch of negative names, realize that while you could have done better/differently/more considerately than you did, perhaps mitigating factors such as tiredness, hunger, a sense of urgency, a desire to please, etc. overtook your more balanced self. Concentrate on how to deal with the underlying reason rather than on belittling your whole self.\\nFor example, you could tell yourself something like: \\\"In future, I could ensure I've eaten/slept/got hold of all the facts/called a friend, etc. before making a difficult decision/reaching a conclusion/creating the work, etc.\\\"\\n1-6. Learn to move on.\\nLooking back is for people mired in negative thinking about the past. You can't change the past but you can live more consciously in the present. Learn from the mistake but cease to dwell on it. Next time there's a mistake, this learning will allow your perception to see things very differently.\\n1-7. Strive for excellence.\\nMany people unable to admit to mistakes suffer from a strive for \\\"perfection\\\". Striving for perfection will see you mired in mistakes all your life, bogged down by error after glaring error and feeling demoralized all the time. Instead, focus on striving for excellence while allowing yourself to be the imperfect being you are.\\nYou don't have to be the best at everything. You don't have to be the brightest, bubbliest, prettiest, best-dressed person in the room. If you think you do need to be the best, you will be self-absorbed about your flaws and almost everything you do and every way you are will be a mistake in your own eyes.\\nYou are perfect the way you are, a competent being who continues to be open to learning and continuous growth.\\n2. Admitting a Mistake to Someone in Particular\\n2-1. Make an effort to talk to the person affected by your mistake.\\nIf you can't tell them, at least talk to a close friend. Even though it's hard, focus on the long-term picture of the relationship rather than the short-term difficulty of owning up.\\n2-2. Start with an admission you were wrong.\\nFor example, say: \\\"I'm sorry I started that rumor. It was a really hurtful and childish thing to do.\\\"\\n2-3. Apologize\\nFor example, say: \\\"I'm sorry that I've ignored your opinion. I see now that I really hurt your feelings.\\\"\\nOnly apologize if you are sincerely sorry. An insincere apology will hurt the other person more.\\n2-4. Explain yourself if you need to.\\nFor example, say: \\\"If I had known that Jane Doe had the problem under control, I wouldn't have gotten involved and created that mess.\\\"\\nIf it's a minor mistake, or not very serious, make a joke about the incident. It shows that you're comfortable with yourself and can get over minor difficulties. For example, say: \\\"Next time we have an important client, I'll have to have cheat cards like a newscaster. Then I'll remember to get the names right!\\\"\\nLook around and watch people who turn their gaffes into humorous stories or successful anecdotes. These people tend to be relaxed, self-assured, and very likeable because they can see the funny or less serious side of their mistakes.\\n2-5. Explain why it won't happen again.\\nFor example, say: \\\"That was really foolish of me. Next time I see a situation like that, I'll ask for details instead of jumping to conclusions.\\\"\\n2-6. Give the other person space to respond.\\nDepending on the situation, the other person may take time to get back to you. And when they do, don't try to rearrange their understanding of the situation. Listen to how they perceived your actions, words, or involvement.\\n2-7. Let it go.\\nBe bold and move on. Either the person will accept your admission or they won't but you need to get on with life. Dwelling on what happened or trying to force an outcome never makes things better. Cease the fretting and trying too hard and simply let things be.\\n3. Testing Your Ability to Admit to Mistakes\\n3-1. Test your response.\\nPerhaps there isn't someone right now to whom you need to admit a mistake but you'd still like to know if you've taken on board the suggestions contained in this article. You can try this out by testing your response to a deliberately made mistake. The next steps detail some mistakes you can \\\"try\\\" and then test your response:\\nRead the newspaper upside down. When someone notices, what will you say to them?\\nHug someone you don't know. When they act surprised, what will you say?\\nDrop something in the kitchen, like a condiments jar. What will you say to the person who notices your mistake?\\nDrive home from work without a map, following a brand new route. When you feel lost, how will you react? Will you ask for help or keep driving even more lost? Will you call home to admit what you're doing?\\n3-2. Deal with some change.\\nIn each case, you're pushing yourself outside of your usual habit or comfort zone. And you're opening yourself up to someone else noticing and possibly judging you. Try reacting in these ways:\\nOwn up to the mistake. \\\"Why yes! So I am reading this newspaper upside down. To be honest, I'm actually snoozing behind it but you've caught me out!\\\"\\nMake amends if needed. \\\"I'm sorry I dropped your favorite jar of pickles. I was testing out a theory. I'll buy a new one in the morning.\\\"\\nMost of all, focus on your self-awareness of how it feels to make a mistake consciously. You're not perfect but you are clued in to your limitations and the importance of always making a positive connection with others.\\nTips\\nDo not hold a grudge. In other words, don't take too long to admit to your mistakes. The guy might not have been the one and leave you. He can't wait any longer! So don't take forever. Reply!\\nMore serious conversations should always be held in person. Less serious issues can be handled via phone or email.\\nDon't pressure someone for forgiveness. Forgiveness must be given from the heart, as a genuine gesture. Like praise, you cannot force it.\\nWarnings\\nYou can't control other people's responses. However, you can make sure you move on.\\nStop chastising yourself for not being good enough or for getting things wrong. You are good enough and everyone gets things wrong on the path to getting them right.\\nLearn from your mistakes. Assess what went wrong and how you can prevent it in the future. If you forget the incident, you're likely to repeat the mistake.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Admitting you made a mistake can be a challenge if you want to avoid \\\"losing face\\\". However, in the eyes of other people, a person who can admit to mistakes and move on from them is more likely to garner respect than someone who blusters and pretends they weren't responsible. Ultimately, continued refusal to face up to being wrong or causing a problem can take a toll on your reputation, relationships, and your work or professional life.\\n\\nAs difficult as it may seem if you're not already used to admitting to mistakes, this skill can liberate you and allow you and others to move on to better relationships and outcomes. Get ready to own your errors!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider your feelings when you make a mistake.\", \"描述\": \"If you're a perfectionist or someone with an overactive internal critic, making mistakes can absolutely terrify you and cause you to believe that you have to cover them up or foist the blame elsewhere. Yet, these actions cause their own problems and end up making the mistake worse or even have greater ramifications than had you faced the mistake openly. If any of the following responses apply to you, then you definitely need to practice the suggestions in the remainder of the article:\\nWhen you make a mistake, your internal critic goes into overdrive, faulting everything you do and making the whole mistake seem much worse than it actually is. You think purely in negatives about the mistake.\\nFollowing a mistake, you tend to put yourself down, calling yourself stupid, clueless, dumb, and hopeless. You may even convince yourself that \\\"I'll never get this right\\\", thereby barring any possibility of learning.\\nMistakes in any area cause you to cease to trust your own ideas or thoughts in that area and to second-guess the things you do and decisions or choices you make.\\nYou tell yourself that the mistake \\\"must never happen again\\\", treating the past as a warning to the future that stifles growth and innovation, causing you to stop taking reasonable risks to further your career, studies, life plans, etc. Soon, you're an irritable hermit who repeats only the actions that you know won't result in \\\"mistakes\\\".\\nYour idea of \\\"mistake\\\" is warped. You treat even the smallest slip-up, like forgetting to make your lover a cup of tea one morning or not spell checking a document once in a while, as major catastrophes in letting down others.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Re-envision your idea of what it means to make mistakes.\", \"描述\": \"First up, mistakes are going to happen and they're going to keep happening even after you've \\\"learned your lesson\\\". Life is very generous with mistakes, just as it's very generous with learning opportunities, love and chance of fulfillment if you choose to take them. Second, mistakes teach us what we're capable of by showing us what doesn't work. Remember Edison's 10,000 attempts at getting a light bulb to work when you feel like calling your efforts a mistake. Third, quite a large number of mistakes have resulted in creations and inventions of a scientific, business, architectural, creative, or other nature. Indeed, mistakes can even reveal breakthroughs in self-understanding. Mistakes have their place in life.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Own your mistakes.\", \"描述\": \"One of the best and most effective responses to making a mistake is to take responsibility for having made it, especially where it upsets, harms, or disturbs other people. And owning your mistakes is also good for mistakes that simply bother your own sense of who you are striving to be, so as to avoid the blame game. Don't try to run away from the mistake or it will continue to chase you.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make amends\", \"描述\": \"This isn't as hard as it seems unless pride is holding you back. See the second part of this article below for how to admit a mistake to a particular person.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Accept your behavior but don't put yourself down.\", \"描述\": \"Instead of calling yourself a whole bunch of negative names, realize that while you could have done better/differently/more considerately than you did, perhaps mitigating factors such as tiredness, hunger, a sense of urgency, a desire to please, etc. overtook your more balanced self. Concentrate on how to deal with the underlying reason rather than on belittling your whole self.\\nFor example, you could tell yourself something like: \\\"In future, I could ensure I've eaten/slept/got hold of all the facts/called a friend, etc. before making a difficult decision/reaching a conclusion/creating the work, etc.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Learn to move on.\", \"描述\": \"Looking back is for people mired in negative thinking about the past. You can't change the past but you can live more consciously in the present. Learn from the mistake but cease to dwell on it. Next time there's a mistake, this learning will allow your perception to see things very differently.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Strive for excellence.\", \"描述\": \"Many people unable to admit to mistakes suffer from a strive for \\\"perfection\\\". Striving for perfection will see you mired in mistakes all your life, bogged down by error after glaring error and feeling demoralized all the time. Instead, focus on striving for excellence while allowing yourself to be the imperfect being you are.\\nYou don't have to be the best at everything. You don't have to be the brightest, bubbliest, prettiest, best-dressed person in the room. If you think you do need to be the best, you will be self-absorbed about your flaws and almost everything you do and every way you are will be a mistake in your own eyes.\\nYou are perfect the way you are, a competent being who continues to be open to learning and continuous growth.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Admitting a Mistake to Someone in Particular\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make an effort to talk to the person affected by your mistake.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't tell them, at least talk to a close friend. Even though it's hard, focus on the long-term picture of the relationship rather than the short-term difficulty of owning up.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start with an admission you were wrong.\", \"描述\": \"For example, say: \\\"I'm sorry I started that rumor. It was a really hurtful and childish thing to do.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apologize\", \"描述\": \"For example, say: \\\"I'm sorry that I've ignored your opinion. I see now that I really hurt your feelings.\\\"\\nOnly apologize if you are sincerely sorry. An insincere apology will hurt the other person more.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Explain yourself if you need to.\", \"描述\": \"For example, say: \\\"If I had known that Jane Doe had the problem under control, I wouldn't have gotten involved and created that mess.\\\"\\nIf it's a minor mistake, or not very serious, make a joke about the incident. It shows that you're comfortable with yourself and can get over minor difficulties. For example, say: \\\"Next time we have an important client, I'll have to have cheat cards like a newscaster. Then I'll remember to get the names right!\\\"\\nLook around and watch people who turn their gaffes into humorous stories or successful anecdotes. These people tend to be relaxed, self-assured, and very likeable because they can see the funny or less serious side of their mistakes.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Explain why it won't happen again.\", \"描述\": \"For example, say: \\\"That was really foolish of me. Next time I see a situation like that, I'll ask for details instead of jumping to conclusions.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Give the other person space to respond.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on the situation, the other person may take time to get back to you. And when they do, don't try to rearrange their understanding of the situation. Listen to how they perceived your actions, words, or involvement.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Let it go.\", \"描述\": \"Be bold and move on. Either the person will accept your admission or they won't but you need to get on with life. Dwelling on what happened or trying to force an outcome never makes things better. Cease the fretting and trying too hard and simply let things be.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Testing Your Ability to Admit to Mistakes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Test your response.\", \"描述\": \"Perhaps there isn't someone right now to whom you need to admit a mistake but you'd still like to know if you've taken on board the suggestions contained in this article. You can try this out by testing your response to a deliberately made mistake. The next steps detail some mistakes you can \\\"try\\\" and then test your response:\\nRead the newspaper upside down. When someone notices, what will you say to them?\\nHug someone you don't know. When they act surprised, what will you say?\\nDrop something in the kitchen, like a condiments jar. What will you say to the person who notices your mistake?\\nDrive home from work without a map, following a brand new route. When you feel lost, how will you react? Will you ask for help or keep driving even more lost? Will you call home to admit what you're doing?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Deal with some change.\", \"描述\": \"In each case, you're pushing yourself outside of your usual habit or comfort zone. And you're opening yourself up to someone else noticing and possibly judging you. Try reacting in these ways:\\nOwn up to the mistake. \\\"Why yes! So I am reading this newspaper upside down. To be honest, I'm actually snoozing behind it but you've caught me out!\\\"\\nMake amends if needed. \\\"I'm sorry I dropped your favorite jar of pickles. I was testing out a theory. I'll buy a new one in the morning.\\\"\\nMost of all, focus on your self-awareness of how it feels to make a mistake consciously. You're not perfect but you are clued in to your limitations and the importance of always making a positive connection with others.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Do not hold a grudge. In other words, don't take too long to admit to your mistakes. The guy might not have been the one and leave you. He can't wait any longer! So don't take forever. Reply!\\n\", \"More serious conversations should always be held in person. Less serious issues can be handled via phone or email.\\n\", \"Don't pressure someone for forgiveness. Forgiveness must be given from the heart, as a genuine gesture. Like praise, you cannot force it.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"You can't control other people's responses. However, you can make sure you move on.\\n\", \"Stop chastising yourself for not being good enough or for getting things wrong. You are good enough and everyone gets things wrong on the path to getting them right.\\n\", \"Learn from your mistakes. Assess what went wrong and how you can prevent it in the future. If you forget the incident, you're likely to repeat the mistake.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,486
How to Admit That You Like Someone of the Same Gender
1. Admitting Your Feelings to Yourself 1-1. Know how to tell if your feelings are romantic. Romantic love involves a fondness for the other person, but it's accompanied by a deeper attraction in which you want to develop a sexual/intimate relationship with them. This goes one step beyond typical feelings of friendship or companionship. For example, with romantic love, you like being around the person, but you are also physically attracted to the person and feel aroused by them. Romantic love is a step further than just friendship, which may be considered platonic love. 1-2. Journal about how you’re feeling. Chronicle your thoughts and feelings on paper to gain a better understanding of what you want. Review journal entries after a few days to spot themes or patterns. When you write, are you constantly referring to the person? Do you mention feeling jealousy when this person is with another love interest? Do you find yourself worrying about your appearance or trying to put your best foot forward around them? The answers to these questions can help confirm your feelings. 1-3. Reflect on past experiences. Many people who are same-gender attracted report having these feelings previously with others. Thinking about your past dating or sexual history can help you determine if these feelings portray an orientation or merely mean that you have strong feelings for just one person. If you have ever felt attracted to a person of the same gender before, that could provide support for your current feelings. 1-4. Give it time to see if the feelings stick around. It can be tempting to dive in headfirst once you realize you like the other person, but wait it out. If these feelings are relatively new, they could change. Delay telling the person until you’re absolutely sure you like them and you want to act on those feelings. For instance, if you decide to wait 2 weeks before you say anything and your attraction only grows during that time, then you’ll have confirmation that your feelings are real. 1-5. Talk with a counselor to further explore your sexuality. If you’re struggling with the idea of being same-gender attracted or if you need additional support, see a professional counselor. You might talk to the counselor at your school or find one in your local community. A counselor can help you better understand the feelings you’re having. They can also offer encouragement for coming out to family and friends. 2. Telling a Friend or Family Member 2-1. Come to terms with your sexuality before sharing it with the world. Some people argue that coming out relieves stress and gives others the opportunity to support you, but you should only come out when you’re ready. Coming out as gay, lesbian, pansexual, queer, bisexual, or another identity can open you up to stigma or discrimination, so it makes sense to be okay with the idea yourself before telling others. 2-2. Get emotional support from someone you trust first. Have a chat with a close friend or family member and share your feelings. Ask for their support and/or advice about how you should proceed. You might say, “I think I might have feelings for Andrea. This is new to me and I don’t know what to do.” Be sure you confide in a person who is supportive and non-judgmental. Reach out to a friend who is queer. They may be able to empathize and provide useful advice. 2-3. Ask for support when telling your parents. Most people may feel more comfortable telling a friend, sibling, or trusted adult about same-gender attraction before revealing these feelings to their parents. If this describes you, ask someone you trust to join you in telling your parents. This person doesn't have to say anything-they're just there to offer support. You might ask your best friend, older sibling, or guidance counselor to act as an ally and accompany you when you break the news to your parents. When you tell your parents, be sure to communicate your feelings with certainty, so they don't assume what you're feeling is just a "phase." Prepare for potential resistance from your parents. You may wish to put this off until you are certain about how you feel. 2-4. Answer questions to the extent you feel comfortable. Your friends or family may question your same-gender attraction by asking what changed, if you were previously dating someone of the opposite gender. They may also ask how you are sure about your sexuality. Answer these questions honestly and to the best of your ability, so they can have clarity. But, don't be afraid to say "I don't know" or "I'd rather not say." Your loved ones don't have to know all the details of your journey to being same-gender attracted. 2-5. Don't feel pressured to choose a side or a label yourself. Having feelings for one person of the same-gender isn’t a clear indicator of being LGBTQ. Take some time to get used to the idea and see if additional same-gender attractions occur before deciding if you are gay, lesbian, straight, bisexual, pansexual, queer, or something else. If you feel pressured by others to define yourself, simply tell them, “I’m still exploring.” 3. Sharing Your Feelings with Your Crush 3-1. Gauge the person’s possible reaction. Before you talk to the person about your feelings, try to anticipate how they’ll respond to your news. Use your past interactions or experiences with them to predict if they’ll be receptive. For example, if the person often flirts with you, that’s a clear indicator that they probably like you. You might also review what you know about their sexuality: have they dated others of the same gender? Are they currently exploring their own sexuality? 3-2. Broach the subject with a question. Sometimes, it's hard to tell if someone likes you, so you may want to take a more subtle approach. Act curious about their sexuality and ask a few questions to gauge whether they’d be receptive to dating you. You might ask, “So, have you ever thought about dating girls/guys?” or “Have you ever been attracted to someone of the same gender?” Their response to your question can serve as a lead-in to you telling them you're attracted to them. 3-3. Use humor if you’re not sure of how the person will respond. Telling a light-hearted joke is another way to express your feelings subtly. When you’re around the person, say something like, “Ah, it’s too bad you’re straight, because I really like you!” or "I would love to have a girlfriend/boyfriend/partner like you!" Telling them in a joking way could also offer them an out if they’re not interested or if they need more time to process the idea. 3-4. Have a candid, in-person conversation. Come right out and tell the person that you’re attracted to them and would like to pursue a relationship. A one-on-one talk helps you clearly communicate how you feel. You might say, “I don’t know how you’re going to react, but I felt I should tell you that I really like you. I think you’re gorgeous and funny, and I’d love for us to get closer.” You might prefer this approach over writing an email, letter, or text message, particularly if you’d rather keep your attraction private. 3-5. Accept their choice if the person rejects you. If your crush is not interested in you, don’t take it personally. There are many reasons why a person might reject you: they are straight, they are not interested in being in a relationship right now, or they don’t want to risk jeopardizing their friendship with you. To help yourself react rationally to rejection, take a few deep breaths. Then, tell the person, “I appreciate your honesty.” Even if it hurts at first, you’ll feel better with time. 3-6. Practice self-care Whether your crush rejected you or reciprocated your interest, you've still gone through quite an emotional journey. Be sure to care for yourself during this time. Make a list of why you’re awesome, hang out with your best friends, or treat yourself to a spa day or a new outfit.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:27", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Admitting Your Feelings to Yourself\\n1-1. Know how to tell if your feelings are romantic.\\nRomantic love involves a fondness for the other person, but it's accompanied by a deeper attraction in which you want to develop a sexual/intimate relationship with them. This goes one step beyond typical feelings of friendship or companionship.\\nFor example, with romantic love, you like being around the person, but you are also physically attracted to the person and feel aroused by them.\\nRomantic love is a step further than just friendship, which may be considered platonic love.\\n1-2. Journal about how you’re feeling.\\nChronicle your thoughts and feelings on paper to gain a better understanding of what you want. Review journal entries after a few days to spot themes or patterns.\\nWhen you write, are you constantly referring to the person? Do you mention feeling jealousy when this person is with another love interest? Do you find yourself worrying about your appearance or trying to put your best foot forward around them? The answers to these questions can help confirm your feelings.\\n1-3. Reflect on past experiences.\\nMany people who are same-gender attracted report having these feelings previously with others. Thinking about your past dating or sexual history can help you determine if these feelings portray an orientation or merely mean that you have strong feelings for just one person.\\nIf you have ever felt attracted to a person of the same gender before, that could provide support for your current feelings.\\n1-4. Give it time to see if the feelings stick around.\\nIt can be tempting to dive in headfirst once you realize you like the other person, but wait it out. If these feelings are relatively new, they could change. Delay telling the person until you’re absolutely sure you like them and you want to act on those feelings.\\nFor instance, if you decide to wait 2 weeks before you say anything and your attraction only grows during that time, then you’ll have confirmation that your feelings are real.\\n1-5. Talk with a counselor to further explore your sexuality.\\nIf you’re struggling with the idea of being same-gender attracted or if you need additional support, see a professional counselor. You might talk to the counselor at your school or find one in your local community.\\nA counselor can help you better understand the feelings you’re having. They can also offer encouragement for coming out to family and friends.\\n2. Telling a Friend or Family Member\\n2-1. Come to terms with your sexuality before sharing it with the world.\\nSome people argue that coming out relieves stress and gives others the opportunity to support you, but you should only come out when you’re ready. Coming out as gay, lesbian, pansexual, queer, bisexual, or another identity can open you up to stigma or discrimination, so it makes sense to be okay with the idea yourself before telling others.\\n2-2. Get emotional support from someone you trust first.\\nHave a chat with a close friend or family member and share your feelings. Ask for their support and/or advice about how you should proceed.\\nYou might say, “I think I might have feelings for Andrea. This is new to me and I don’t know what to do.”\\nBe sure you confide in a person who is supportive and non-judgmental.\\nReach out to a friend who is queer. They may be able to empathize and provide useful advice.\\n2-3. Ask for support when telling your parents.\\nMost people may feel more comfortable telling a friend, sibling, or trusted adult about same-gender attraction before revealing these feelings to their parents. If this describes you, ask someone you trust to join you in telling your parents. This person doesn't have to say anything-they're just there to offer support.\\nYou might ask your best friend, older sibling, or guidance counselor to act as an ally and accompany you when you break the news to your parents.\\nWhen you tell your parents, be sure to communicate your feelings with certainty, so they don't assume what you're feeling is just a \\\"phase.\\\" Prepare for potential resistance from your parents.\\nYou may wish to put this off until you are certain about how you feel.\\n2-4. Answer questions to the extent you feel comfortable.\\nYour friends or family may question your same-gender attraction by asking what changed, if you were previously dating someone of the opposite gender. They may also ask how you are sure about your sexuality.\\nAnswer these questions honestly and to the best of your ability, so they can have clarity. But, don't be afraid to say \\\"I don't know\\\" or \\\"I'd rather not say.\\\"\\nYour loved ones don't have to know all the details of your journey to being same-gender attracted.\\n2-5. Don't feel pressured to choose a side or a label yourself.\\nHaving feelings for one person of the same-gender isn’t a clear indicator of being LGBTQ. Take some time to get used to the idea and see if additional same-gender attractions occur before deciding if you are gay, lesbian, straight, bisexual, pansexual, queer, or something else.\\nIf you feel pressured by others to define yourself, simply tell them, “I’m still exploring.”\\n3. Sharing Your Feelings with Your Crush\\n3-1. Gauge the person’s possible reaction.\\nBefore you talk to the person about your feelings, try to anticipate how they’ll respond to your news. Use your past interactions or experiences with them to predict if they’ll be receptive.\\nFor example, if the person often flirts with you, that’s a clear indicator that they probably like you. You might also review what you know about their sexuality: have they dated others of the same gender? Are they currently exploring their own sexuality?\\n3-2. Broach the subject with a question.\\nSometimes, it's hard to tell if someone likes you, so you may want to take a more subtle approach. Act curious about their sexuality and ask a few questions to gauge whether they’d be receptive to dating you. \\nYou might ask, “So, have you ever thought about dating girls/guys?” or “Have you ever been attracted to someone of the same gender?”\\nTheir response to your question can serve as a lead-in to you telling them you're attracted to them.\\n3-3. Use humor if you’re not sure of how the person will respond.\\nTelling a light-hearted joke is another way to express your feelings subtly. When you’re around the person, say something like, “Ah, it’s too bad you’re straight, because I really like you!” or \\\"I would love to have a girlfriend/boyfriend/partner like you!\\\"\\nTelling them in a joking way could also offer them an out if they’re not interested or if they need more time to process the idea.\\n3-4. Have a candid, in-person conversation.\\nCome right out and tell the person that you’re attracted to them and would like to pursue a relationship. A one-on-one talk helps you clearly communicate how you feel.\\nYou might say, “I don’t know how you’re going to react, but I felt I should tell you that I really like you. I think you’re gorgeous and funny, and I’d love for us to get closer.”\\nYou might prefer this approach over writing an email, letter, or text message, particularly if you’d rather keep your attraction private.\\n3-5. Accept their choice if the person rejects you.\\nIf your crush is not interested in you, don’t take it personally. There are many reasons why a person might reject you: they are straight, they are not interested in being in a relationship right now, or they don’t want to risk jeopardizing their friendship with you.\\nTo help yourself react rationally to rejection, take a few deep breaths. Then, tell the person, “I appreciate your honesty.”\\nEven if it hurts at first, you’ll feel better with time.\\n3-6. Practice self-care\\nWhether your crush rejected you or reciprocated your interest, you've still gone through quite an emotional journey. Be sure to care for yourself during this time. Make a list of why you’re awesome, hang out with your best friends, or treat yourself to a spa day or a new outfit.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Coming to grips with the idea that you might like someone of the same gender can be confusing, especially if this is your first same-gender attraction. Give yourself time to fully process what you’re feeling before taking any action. If you’re sure these feelings are real, act on them. Start by revealing your feelings to a loved one and getting their support. Then, make a plan to share your feelings with your love interest and see where it goes!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Admitting Your Feelings to Yourself\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know how to tell if your feelings are romantic.\", \"描述\": \"Romantic love involves a fondness for the other person, but it's accompanied by a deeper attraction in which you want to develop a sexual/intimate relationship with them. This goes one step beyond typical feelings of friendship or companionship.\\nFor example, with romantic love, you like being around the person, but you are also physically attracted to the person and feel aroused by them.\\nRomantic love is a step further than just friendship, which may be considered platonic love.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Journal about how you’re feeling.\", \"描述\": \"Chronicle your thoughts and feelings on paper to gain a better understanding of what you want. Review journal entries after a few days to spot themes or patterns.\\nWhen you write, are you constantly referring to the person? Do you mention feeling jealousy when this person is with another love interest? Do you find yourself worrying about your appearance or trying to put your best foot forward around them? The answers to these questions can help confirm your feelings.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Reflect on past experiences.\", \"描述\": \"Many people who are same-gender attracted report having these feelings previously with others. Thinking about your past dating or sexual history can help you determine if these feelings portray an orientation or merely mean that you have strong feelings for just one person.\\nIf you have ever felt attracted to a person of the same gender before, that could provide support for your current feelings.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Give it time to see if the feelings stick around.\", \"描述\": \"It can be tempting to dive in headfirst once you realize you like the other person, but wait it out. If these feelings are relatively new, they could change. Delay telling the person until you’re absolutely sure you like them and you want to act on those feelings.\\nFor instance, if you decide to wait 2 weeks before you say anything and your attraction only grows during that time, then you’ll have confirmation that your feelings are real.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Talk with a counselor to further explore your sexuality.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re struggling with the idea of being same-gender attracted or if you need additional support, see a professional counselor. You might talk to the counselor at your school or find one in your local community.\\nA counselor can help you better understand the feelings you’re having. They can also offer encouragement for coming out to family and friends.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Telling a Friend or Family Member\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Come to terms with your sexuality before sharing it with the world.\", \"描述\": \"Some people argue that coming out relieves stress and gives others the opportunity to support you, but you should only come out when you’re ready. Coming out as gay, lesbian, pansexual, queer, bisexual, or another identity can open you up to stigma or discrimination, so it makes sense to be okay with the idea yourself before telling others.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get emotional support from someone you trust first.\", \"描述\": \"Have a chat with a close friend or family member and share your feelings. Ask for their support and/or advice about how you should proceed.\\nYou might say, “I think I might have feelings for Andrea. This is new to me and I don’t know what to do.”\\nBe sure you confide in a person who is supportive and non-judgmental.\\nReach out to a friend who is queer. They may be able to empathize and provide useful advice.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask for support when telling your parents.\", \"描述\": \"Most people may feel more comfortable telling a friend, sibling, or trusted adult about same-gender attraction before revealing these feelings to their parents. If this describes you, ask someone you trust to join you in telling your parents. This person doesn't have to say anything-they're just there to offer support.\\nYou might ask your best friend, older sibling, or guidance counselor to act as an ally and accompany you when you break the news to your parents.\\nWhen you tell your parents, be sure to communicate your feelings with certainty, so they don't assume what you're feeling is just a \\\"phase.\\\" Prepare for potential resistance from your parents.\\nYou may wish to put this off until you are certain about how you feel.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Answer questions to the extent you feel comfortable.\", \"描述\": \"Your friends or family may question your same-gender attraction by asking what changed, if you were previously dating someone of the opposite gender. They may also ask how you are sure about your sexuality.\\nAnswer these questions honestly and to the best of your ability, so they can have clarity. But, don't be afraid to say \\\"I don't know\\\" or \\\"I'd rather not say.\\\"\\nYour loved ones don't have to know all the details of your journey to being same-gender attracted.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Don't feel pressured to choose a side or a label yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Having feelings for one person of the same-gender isn’t a clear indicator of being LGBTQ. Take some time to get used to the idea and see if additional same-gender attractions occur before deciding if you are gay, lesbian, straight, bisexual, pansexual, queer, or something else.\\nIf you feel pressured by others to define yourself, simply tell them, “I’m still exploring.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sharing Your Feelings with Your Crush\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Gauge the person’s possible reaction.\", \"描述\": \"Before you talk to the person about your feelings, try to anticipate how they’ll respond to your news. Use your past interactions or experiences with them to predict if they’ll be receptive.\\nFor example, if the person often flirts with you, that’s a clear indicator that they probably like you. You might also review what you know about their sexuality: have they dated others of the same gender? Are they currently exploring their own sexuality?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Broach the subject with a question.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, it's hard to tell if someone likes you, so you may want to take a more subtle approach. Act curious about their sexuality and ask a few questions to gauge whether they’d be receptive to dating you. \\nYou might ask, “So, have you ever thought about dating girls/guys?” or “Have you ever been attracted to someone of the same gender?”\\nTheir response to your question can serve as a lead-in to you telling them you're attracted to them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use humor if you’re not sure of how the person will respond.\", \"描述\": \"Telling a light-hearted joke is another way to express your feelings subtly. When you’re around the person, say something like, “Ah, it’s too bad you’re straight, because I really like you!” or \\\"I would love to have a girlfriend/boyfriend/partner like you!\\\"\\nTelling them in a joking way could also offer them an out if they’re not interested or if they need more time to process the idea.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Have a candid, in-person conversation.\", \"描述\": \"Come right out and tell the person that you’re attracted to them and would like to pursue a relationship. A one-on-one talk helps you clearly communicate how you feel.\\nYou might say, “I don’t know how you’re going to react, but I felt I should tell you that I really like you. I think you’re gorgeous and funny, and I’d love for us to get closer.”\\nYou might prefer this approach over writing an email, letter, or text message, particularly if you’d rather keep your attraction private.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Accept their choice if the person rejects you.\", \"描述\": \"If your crush is not interested in you, don’t take it personally. There are many reasons why a person might reject you: they are straight, they are not interested in being in a relationship right now, or they don’t want to risk jeopardizing their friendship with you.\\nTo help yourself react rationally to rejection, take a few deep breaths. Then, tell the person, “I appreciate your honesty.”\\nEven if it hurts at first, you’ll feel better with time.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Practice self-care\", \"描述\": \"Whether your crush rejected you or reciprocated your interest, you've still gone through quite an emotional journey. Be sure to care for yourself during this time. Make a list of why you’re awesome, hang out with your best friends, or treat yourself to a spa day or a new outfit.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,487
How to Admit You've Done Bad Things
1. Grappling With What You’ve Done 1-1. Determine the extent of the damage. It’s important to understand exactly how bad a mistake is before admitting to it. If you underestimate the damage, you run the risk of coming across as incompetent or uncaring. You may need to speak with a neutral third party to accomplish this task. This is particularly true if you’ve hurt somebody, whether physically or emotionally. Talking with a mutual friend or relative may help you determine if the person you hurt is even willing to speak with you at all. If the person you’ve hurt is not willing to speak with you, do not attempt to contact them. If you’ve made a mistake at work, assessing the damage is especially critical. Your boss needs to know that you’re on top of your error. Otherwise, she may not trust you to fix it. 1-2. Don’t hide your mistake. The cover-up is often worse than the crime. If you’ve done something bad, admitting it as soon as possible can lessen the damage. This is especially true if you’ve made a serious mistake at work that cost your employer money. If you have bullied someone at school, you need to own up to it. Bullying is much more harmful than you may think. For one thing, bullying victims are far more likely to consider committing suicide than other students. Admitting a mistake may cause other people to be more suspicious of you in the short term. But over the long term, if you establish a reputation as someone who owns up to even the worst errors, other people may trust you more. 1-3. Don’t rationalize your bad deed or deeds. Human beings often fall back on rationalizing when they do something bad. Common rationalizations include “oh, it wasn’t so bad” or “it’s OK, everybody does it.” People who abuse their spouse and/or children frequently rationalize their actions. People who suffer from addiction to alcohol or drugs tend to do it as well. Many abusers and addicts are not willing to admit that they are wrong at all. But admitting that you have a problem is the first step towards stopping. There are a variety of different tests available online that you can take to determine if you have a problem with alcohol or other drugs. The key thing to remember is that if your use of alcohol or drugs is causing problems in your life, and you’ve tried to stop but can’t, you may have a problem. Determining if you are an abuser can be a little trickier. But if you often feel resentment towards your partner or children, you may be at risk for abusing them. Other warning signs include high degrees of jealousy, controlling behavior, and quickly resorting to using physical force in an argument. 2. Admitting What You’ve Done 2-1. Plan what you’ll say ahead of time. By planning out your assessment of your mistake, you will seem more competent and prepared. If you’ve done something that you fear will sabotage a friendship or marriage, planning out what you’ll say (and even rehearsing it several times) will show how seriously you’re taking the situation. 2-2. Have a solution ready. The other party may not agree with your proposed solution. But if you don’t have something ready to go, you run the risk of looking like you want someone else to fix your mistake. Proposing a solution is a critical part of owning up to an error. 2-3. Be forthright. Being as open and honest as possible about your mistake might be the most important thing you can do. By taking full ownership of your error you can show how contrite you are. You can also show how committed you are to fixing the damage that you’ve caused. Beginning with an apology rather than any sort of justification or rationalization can help smooth tensions. For instance, don’t include a statement like “This is partially your fault too.” Simply say “I’m sorry, I know I screwed up and jeopardized our relationship” or “I’m sorry, I know I’ve cost the company money.” Don’t say “I’m sorry if I offended you.” That may come across as halfhearted or insincere. Saying “I’m sorry for what I did” or “I’m sorry for offending you” will demonstrate that you’re well aware of the full impact of your actions. 2-4. Stay calm and collected. Getting angry or amped up in any way may lead to increased tensions. And if you’re stressed out, you won’t be able to think clearly. Staying calm will help you maintain control of yourself. Try taking a few deep breaths to help calm yourself down. Breathe in through your nose as you count up to five, and then breathe out through your mouth as you count down from five. You can also try using progressive muscle relaxation before you speak with the person, which is when you tighten and release each of the muscles in your body. 2-5. Don’t expect forgiveness. Forgiveness is up to the other person to give. They may not think you deserve it. If that’s the case, be humble. Understand that there may be serious repercussions in store for you even if you’ve come clean about your mistakes. If the person does no forgive you, then try saying something like, “I understand and you have every right to be mad. Again, I am very sorry, and I'd love to make it up to you when and if you're ready.” 3. Recovering From Your Actions and Fixing It 3-1. Give the other person time. Some people can forgive sooner than others. If you’ve done something particularly bad, you may need to give the other person weeks or even months before they’ll be willing to talk to you again. If you’ve made a serious mistake at work, your boss may impose increased scrutiny on you in the future, for instance by subjecting you to a probationary period of time during which another mistake could lead to your dismissal. If the other person doesn't want to see you again, don’t attempt to contact them. This is especially the case if they initiate legal action (like taking out a restraining order) against you. If that happens, read the order carefully and follow its instructions to the letter. Doing otherwise can leave you open to harsh penalties, although these will vary by state. If your mistake costs you your job, don’t dwell on it. Learn from your mistake. Be open about it in the future. Most importantly, do your best to make sure nothing like it ever happens again. Remember that failure can be an excellent teacher. If you never make a mistake, you may never learn much. 3-2. Ask what you could do to make up for what you did. If something you admitted to doing has affected your relationship with someone, then you might try asking that person what you could do to help rebuild and repair the trust between you. Or, if what you did has affected your own happiness, then committing to change may be a good option. For example, if you admitted to cheating on your significant other, then asking the person what you can do to regain their trust may help. The person might request more contact with you throughout the day, such as by calling more often to check in. If you want to commit to change for yourself, then consider what changes would help to restore your faith in yourself. You might decide that seeking help for a drinking problem and getting sober would help to restore your faith in yourself. 3-3. Seek professional help if necessary. It’s common to feel shame after you’ve done something bad. Don’t let this feeling overwhelm you. If you do, you may be more likely to do something just as bad in the future. Talk to your doctor about finding a therapist or other specialist if you think you require mental health counseling. You can also call a national referral hotline. The National Institute on Abuse and Alcoholism maintains a 24-hour hotline and other resources to help people with addictions start the recovery process. You can also look into support groups in your area. Connecting with other people who can relate to your situation can be a great way to open up to other people and be more honest with yourself. 3-4. Prepare for a potentially long process of recovery. Sometimes bad actions are rooted in deep-seated behavior that can take years or even decades to unlearn. Addiction and abusiveness are good examples. Don’t let yourself get discouraged if that’s the case. Dealing with your problem is always better than succumbing to it, even if recovery seems too difficult at the outset.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:27", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Grappling With What You’ve Done\\n1-1. Determine the extent of the damage.\\nIt’s important to understand exactly how bad a mistake is before admitting to it. If you underestimate the damage, you run the risk of coming across as incompetent or uncaring.\\nYou may need to speak with a neutral third party to accomplish this task. This is particularly true if you’ve hurt somebody, whether physically or emotionally. Talking with a mutual friend or relative may help you determine if the person you hurt is even willing to speak with you at all. If the person you’ve hurt is not willing to speak with you, do not attempt to contact them.\\nIf you’ve made a mistake at work, assessing the damage is especially critical. Your boss needs to know that you’re on top of your error. Otherwise, she may not trust you to fix it.\\n1-2. Don’t hide your mistake.\\nThe cover-up is often worse than the crime. If you’ve done something bad, admitting it as soon as possible can lessen the damage. This is especially true if you’ve made a serious mistake at work that cost your employer money.\\nIf you have bullied someone at school, you need to own up to it. Bullying is much more harmful than you may think. For one thing, bullying victims are far more likely to consider committing suicide than other students.\\nAdmitting a mistake may cause other people to be more suspicious of you in the short term. But over the long term, if you establish a reputation as someone who owns up to even the worst errors, other people may trust you more.\\n1-3. Don’t rationalize your bad deed or deeds.\\nHuman beings often fall back on rationalizing when they do something bad. Common rationalizations include “oh, it wasn’t so bad” or “it’s OK, everybody does it.” People who abuse their spouse and/or children frequently rationalize their actions. People who suffer from addiction to alcohol or drugs tend to do it as well.\\nMany abusers and addicts are not willing to admit that they are wrong at all. But admitting that you have a problem is the first step towards stopping.\\nThere are a variety of different tests available online that you can take to determine if you have a problem with alcohol or other drugs. The key thing to remember is that if your use of alcohol or drugs is causing problems in your life, and you’ve tried to stop but can’t, you may have a problem.\\nDetermining if you are an abuser can be a little trickier. But if you often feel resentment towards your partner or children, you may be at risk for abusing them. Other warning signs include high degrees of jealousy, controlling behavior, and quickly resorting to using physical force in an argument.\\n2. Admitting What You’ve Done\\n2-1. Plan what you’ll say ahead of time.\\nBy planning out your assessment of your mistake, you will seem more competent and prepared. If you’ve done something that you fear will sabotage a friendship or marriage, planning out what you’ll say (and even rehearsing it several times) will show how seriously you’re taking the situation.\\n2-2. Have a solution ready.\\nThe other party may not agree with your proposed solution. But if you don’t have something ready to go, you run the risk of looking like you want someone else to fix your mistake. Proposing a solution is a critical part of owning up to an error.\\n2-3. Be forthright.\\nBeing as open and honest as possible about your mistake might be the most important thing you can do. By taking full ownership of your error you can show how contrite you are. You can also show how committed you are to fixing the damage that you’ve caused.\\nBeginning with an apology rather than any sort of justification or rationalization can help smooth tensions. For instance, don’t include a statement like “This is partially your fault too.” Simply say “I’m sorry, I know I screwed up and jeopardized our relationship” or “I’m sorry, I know I’ve cost the company money.”\\nDon’t say “I’m sorry if I offended you.” That may come across as halfhearted or insincere. Saying “I’m sorry for what I did” or “I’m sorry for offending you” will demonstrate that you’re well aware of the full impact of your actions.\\n2-4. Stay calm and collected.\\nGetting angry or amped up in any way may lead to increased tensions. And if you’re stressed out, you won’t be able to think clearly. Staying calm will help you maintain control of yourself.\\nTry taking a few deep breaths to help calm yourself down. Breathe in through your nose as you count up to five, and then breathe out through your mouth as you count down from five.\\nYou can also try using progressive muscle relaxation before you speak with the person, which is when you tighten and release each of the muscles in your body.\\n2-5. Don’t expect forgiveness.\\nForgiveness is up to the other person to give. They may not think you deserve it. If that’s the case, be humble. Understand that there may be serious repercussions in store for you even if you’ve come clean about your mistakes.\\nIf the person does no forgive you, then try saying something like, “I understand and you have every right to be mad. Again, I am very sorry, and I'd love to make it up to you when and if you're ready.”\\n3. Recovering From Your Actions and Fixing It\\n3-1. Give the other person time.\\nSome people can forgive sooner than others. If you’ve done something particularly bad, you may need to give the other person weeks or even months before they’ll be willing to talk to you again. If you’ve made a serious mistake at work, your boss may impose increased scrutiny on you in the future, for instance by subjecting you to a probationary period of time during which another mistake could lead to your dismissal.\\nIf the other person doesn't want to see you again, don’t attempt to contact them. This is especially the case if they initiate legal action (like taking out a restraining order) against you. If that happens, read the order carefully and follow its instructions to the letter. Doing otherwise can leave you open to harsh penalties, although these will vary by state.\\nIf your mistake costs you your job, don’t dwell on it. Learn from your mistake. Be open about it in the future. Most importantly, do your best to make sure nothing like it ever happens again. Remember that failure can be an excellent teacher. If you never make a mistake, you may never learn much.\\n3-2. Ask what you could do to make up for what you did.\\nIf something you admitted to doing has affected your relationship with someone, then you might try asking that person what you could do to help rebuild and repair the trust between you. Or, if what you did has affected your own happiness, then committing to change may be a good option.\\nFor example, if you admitted to cheating on your significant other, then asking the person what you can do to regain their trust may help. The person might request more contact with you throughout the day, such as by calling more often to check in.\\nIf you want to commit to change for yourself, then consider what changes would help to restore your faith in yourself. You might decide that seeking help for a drinking problem and getting sober would help to restore your faith in yourself.\\n3-3. Seek professional help if necessary.\\nIt’s common to feel shame after you’ve done something bad. Don’t let this feeling overwhelm you. If you do, you may be more likely to do something just as bad in the future.\\nTalk to your doctor about finding a therapist or other specialist if you think you require mental health counseling. You can also call a national referral hotline.\\nThe National Institute on Abuse and Alcoholism maintains a 24-hour hotline and other resources to help people with addictions start the recovery process.\\nYou can also look into support groups in your area. Connecting with other people who can relate to your situation can be a great way to open up to other people and be more honest with yourself.\\n3-4. Prepare for a potentially long process of recovery.\\nSometimes bad actions are rooted in deep-seated behavior that can take years or even decades to unlearn. Addiction and abusiveness are good examples. Don’t let yourself get discouraged if that’s the case. Dealing with your problem is always better than succumbing to it, even if recovery seems too difficult at the outset.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Have you done things you wished you hadn't? Scared someone might find out? While no one likes to admit that they’ve done bad things, it’s important to be honest. By fully understanding what you’ve done, admitting your actions, and doing your best to recover, you can clean your conscience of even the worst actions.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Grappling With What You’ve Done\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine the extent of the damage.\", \"描述\": \"It’s important to understand exactly how bad a mistake is before admitting to it. If you underestimate the damage, you run the risk of coming across as incompetent or uncaring.\\nYou may need to speak with a neutral third party to accomplish this task. This is particularly true if you’ve hurt somebody, whether physically or emotionally. Talking with a mutual friend or relative may help you determine if the person you hurt is even willing to speak with you at all. If the person you’ve hurt is not willing to speak with you, do not attempt to contact them.\\nIf you’ve made a mistake at work, assessing the damage is especially critical. Your boss needs to know that you’re on top of your error. Otherwise, she may not trust you to fix it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don’t hide your mistake.\", \"描述\": \"The cover-up is often worse than the crime. If you’ve done something bad, admitting it as soon as possible can lessen the damage. This is especially true if you’ve made a serious mistake at work that cost your employer money.\\nIf you have bullied someone at school, you need to own up to it. Bullying is much more harmful than you may think. For one thing, bullying victims are far more likely to consider committing suicide than other students.\\nAdmitting a mistake may cause other people to be more suspicious of you in the short term. But over the long term, if you establish a reputation as someone who owns up to even the worst errors, other people may trust you more.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Don’t rationalize your bad deed or deeds.\", \"描述\": \"Human beings often fall back on rationalizing when they do something bad. Common rationalizations include “oh, it wasn’t so bad” or “it’s OK, everybody does it.” People who abuse their spouse and/or children frequently rationalize their actions. People who suffer from addiction to alcohol or drugs tend to do it as well.\\nMany abusers and addicts are not willing to admit that they are wrong at all. But admitting that you have a problem is the first step towards stopping.\\nThere are a variety of different tests available online that you can take to determine if you have a problem with alcohol or other drugs. The key thing to remember is that if your use of alcohol or drugs is causing problems in your life, and you’ve tried to stop but can’t, you may have a problem.\\nDetermining if you are an abuser can be a little trickier. But if you often feel resentment towards your partner or children, you may be at risk for abusing them. Other warning signs include high degrees of jealousy, controlling behavior, and quickly resorting to using physical force in an argument.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Admitting What You’ve Done\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Plan what you’ll say ahead of time.\", \"描述\": \"By planning out your assessment of your mistake, you will seem more competent and prepared. If you’ve done something that you fear will sabotage a friendship or marriage, planning out what you’ll say (and even rehearsing it several times) will show how seriously you’re taking the situation.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Have a solution ready.\", \"描述\": \"The other party may not agree with your proposed solution. But if you don’t have something ready to go, you run the risk of looking like you want someone else to fix your mistake. Proposing a solution is a critical part of owning up to an error.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be forthright.\", \"描述\": \"Being as open and honest as possible about your mistake might be the most important thing you can do. By taking full ownership of your error you can show how contrite you are. You can also show how committed you are to fixing the damage that you’ve caused.\\nBeginning with an apology rather than any sort of justification or rationalization can help smooth tensions. For instance, don’t include a statement like “This is partially your fault too.” Simply say “I’m sorry, I know I screwed up and jeopardized our relationship” or “I’m sorry, I know I’ve cost the company money.”\\nDon’t say “I’m sorry if I offended you.” That may come across as halfhearted or insincere. Saying “I’m sorry for what I did” or “I’m sorry for offending you” will demonstrate that you’re well aware of the full impact of your actions.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay calm and collected.\", \"描述\": \"Getting angry or amped up in any way may lead to increased tensions. And if you’re stressed out, you won’t be able to think clearly. Staying calm will help you maintain control of yourself.\\nTry taking a few deep breaths to help calm yourself down. Breathe in through your nose as you count up to five, and then breathe out through your mouth as you count down from five.\\nYou can also try using progressive muscle relaxation before you speak with the person, which is when you tighten and release each of the muscles in your body.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Don’t expect forgiveness.\", \"描述\": \"Forgiveness is up to the other person to give. They may not think you deserve it. If that’s the case, be humble. Understand that there may be serious repercussions in store for you even if you’ve come clean about your mistakes.\\nIf the person does no forgive you, then try saying something like, “I understand and you have every right to be mad. Again, I am very sorry, and I'd love to make it up to you when and if you're ready.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Recovering From Your Actions and Fixing It\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Give the other person time.\", \"描述\": \"Some people can forgive sooner than others. If you’ve done something particularly bad, you may need to give the other person weeks or even months before they’ll be willing to talk to you again. If you’ve made a serious mistake at work, your boss may impose increased scrutiny on you in the future, for instance by subjecting you to a probationary period of time during which another mistake could lead to your dismissal.\\nIf the other person doesn't want to see you again, don’t attempt to contact them. This is especially the case if they initiate legal action (like taking out a restraining order) against you. If that happens, read the order carefully and follow its instructions to the letter. Doing otherwise can leave you open to harsh penalties, although these will vary by state.\\nIf your mistake costs you your job, don’t dwell on it. Learn from your mistake. Be open about it in the future. Most importantly, do your best to make sure nothing like it ever happens again. Remember that failure can be an excellent teacher. If you never make a mistake, you may never learn much.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask what you could do to make up for what you did.\", \"描述\": \"If something you admitted to doing has affected your relationship with someone, then you might try asking that person what you could do to help rebuild and repair the trust between you. Or, if what you did has affected your own happiness, then committing to change may be a good option.\\nFor example, if you admitted to cheating on your significant other, then asking the person what you can do to regain their trust may help. The person might request more contact with you throughout the day, such as by calling more often to check in.\\nIf you want to commit to change for yourself, then consider what changes would help to restore your faith in yourself. You might decide that seeking help for a drinking problem and getting sober would help to restore your faith in yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Seek professional help if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"It’s common to feel shame after you’ve done something bad. Don’t let this feeling overwhelm you. If you do, you may be more likely to do something just as bad in the future.\\nTalk to your doctor about finding a therapist or other specialist if you think you require mental health counseling. You can also call a national referral hotline.\\nThe National Institute on Abuse and Alcoholism maintains a 24-hour hotline and other resources to help people with addictions start the recovery process.\\nYou can also look into support groups in your area. Connecting with other people who can relate to your situation can be a great way to open up to other people and be more honest with yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Prepare for a potentially long process of recovery.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes bad actions are rooted in deep-seated behavior that can take years or even decades to unlearn. Addiction and abusiveness are good examples. Don’t let yourself get discouraged if that’s the case. Dealing with your problem is always better than succumbing to it, even if recovery seems too difficult at the outset.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,488
How to Admit You Like Someone
1. Telling Someone You Like Them 1-1. Be confident. When you tell someone how you feel, it is important to show confidence. If you are timid and unsure, how will that make your crush feel? He or she will not want to be with someone who seems unsure. Smiling is one of the easiest ways to broadcast confidence. A relaxed, natural smile shows others that you are sure of yourself and will impress them. 1-2. Stay calm. Don't panic when you admit your feelings. This can be a very stressful situation and it is easy to lose your cool, but you must remain calm during the whole conversation. If you panic and seem nervous, it will not help your case at all. If you start to feel like you are panicking, try focusing on your breathing. Take deep breaths and calm down. Or pretend like you are talking to an old friend, not someone you like. This will make it easier to talk to them. 1-3. Keep it simple. Let them know how you feel about them, but do not go over the top and act like they are the most important thing in the world. Let them know what is going on and why is it that you feel that way about them. Avoid discussing any huge relationship commitments, as it may make your partner feel uncomfortable or uneasy. 1-4. Ease into it. Do not just jump into that subject right away. Start off talking about something that happened that day, and work your way up to talking about your feelings. This will give your crush some time so that they won’t be surprised or caught off guard when you tell them how you feel. Try talking about something cute or funny to make you more comfortable with the conversation initially. Tell your crush about a funny thing your brother did or talk about a new movie you really want to see. 1-5. Say the words. Tell your crush that you like them. Just say it. It might be intimidating, but they’ll never know if you don’t tell them. Be brave and tell them how you feel. Try something like, “I’ve been thinking about you a lot and I want you to know that I like you.” 1-6. Don’t pressure them. Make sure you tell the person you like that you don’t expect anything in return – you just wanted to tell them how you feel. That way they can have some time to think about what you said without feeling pressured to respond right away. When you're done expressing yourself don't ask, "So, how do you feel about me?" It is up to them when and if they are willing to let you know. If they say no, then accept their answer and move forward. Say how you really feel, but don't throw a tantrum. If they say they like you too, that’s great. But don’t make them feel like they owe you a response right away. If they say yes, then you could ask them out. But if you're younger, you should just be friends. 2. Deciding How to Tell Your Crush 2-1. Choose an appropriate time. There are many things that can go wrong when you expose your feelings to another person. So, take some time considering how and when you’ll do it beforehand to minimize these negative possibilities. Choose a time when the person is alone. This is a private matter between the two of you and you should be alone when it happens. You don’t want the object of your affection to have to think about how to react in front of other people in addition to handling the news you just told them. Consider your crush’s schedule too. Don’t tell them how you feel at a time when they are busy and stressed. This might overwhelm them even more and make them respond in a more negative way than they otherwise would. 2-2. Pick an appropriate location. Try to choose an intimate setting, a place where both of you are comfortable. You want your crush to feel at ease when you admit that you like them. Choosing a place that you both enjoy and feel comfortable in can make all the difference in how someone will receive news like this. Try telling them in the peaceful park near your house or when you are both alone in your car. 2-3. Do it in person. If possible, don’t tell them in a text or over the phone. Maintain eye contact while you are talking to him/her and tell them how you feel. Doing it in person is more meaningful, but it will also let you gauge their reaction because you’ll be there to see it. However, if either of you are the nervous type that might stutter or get sweaty, sending a text or writing a note might be a better option. That way you can think about what you want to say before you actually say it. But keep in mind that texting should be used as a last resort to tell someone how you feel. If you must send a text, try something like, “Hey, I like you. Want to hang out some time?” Don’t ask someone else to tell him or her for you unless you feel it is absolutely necessary because you are too embarrassed or for some other reason. Make sure if you do ask someone else to tell your crush how you feel that it is someone you trust so they won’t spread rumors about you. 3. Managing Your Expectations 3-1. Don’t expect too much. Nothing is guaranteed. It is very possible that the object of your affection won’t return your feelings. But you shouldn’t tell them only to get a positive response. It is nice to know people like you and your crush should appreciate your honesty, regardless of the outcome. If they have nothing to say in response to how you feel, move on and don't be discouraged because of their response. 3-2. React well if they say they don’t return your feelings. If they do let you know how they feel about you, but it is not the same way you feel about them, don't stress it and don't make the mistake to take it back. Eventually they may feel the same way and if they don't, again just move on. The important thing here is to react with grace. If you get upset or say something mean in response, then it negates all of the nice things you just did and said. And it will definitely eliminate any chance of your crush deciding that they do really like you in the future. Don’t indulge in a pity party or get visibly upset in front of your crush. 3-3. Give it time. Sometimes people need time to think about their feelings and make a decision like this. Strong emotions often take time to develop. So it’s possible that they will think about what you said and change their mind in the future. Continue being their friend and try to act as if nothing has changed. This will give them a chance to see you in a new light.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:27", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Telling Someone You Like Them\\n1-1. Be confident.\\nWhen you tell someone how you feel, it is important to show confidence. If you are timid and unsure, how will that make your crush feel? He or she will not want to be with someone who seems unsure.\\nSmiling is one of the easiest ways to broadcast confidence. A relaxed, natural smile shows others that you are sure of yourself and will impress them.\\n1-2. Stay calm.\\nDon't panic when you admit your feelings. This can be a very stressful situation and it is easy to lose your cool, but you must remain calm during the whole conversation. If you panic and seem nervous, it will not help your case at all.\\nIf you start to feel like you are panicking, try focusing on your breathing. Take deep breaths and calm down. Or pretend like you are talking to an old friend, not someone you like. This will make it easier to talk to them.\\n1-3. Keep it simple.\\nLet them know how you feel about them, but do not go over the top and act like they are the most important thing in the world. Let them know what is going on and why is it that you feel that way about them. Avoid discussing any huge relationship commitments, as it may make your partner feel uncomfortable or uneasy.\\n1-4. Ease into it.\\nDo not just jump into that subject right away. Start off talking about something that happened that day, and work your way up to talking about your feelings. This will give your crush some time so that they won’t be surprised or caught off guard when you tell them how you feel.\\nTry talking about something cute or funny to make you more comfortable with the conversation initially. Tell your crush about a funny thing your brother did or talk about a new movie you really want to see.\\n1-5. Say the words.\\nTell your crush that you like them. Just say it. It might be intimidating, but they’ll never know if you don’t tell them. Be brave and tell them how you feel.\\nTry something like, “I’ve been thinking about you a lot and I want you to know that I like you.”\\n1-6. Don’t pressure them.\\nMake sure you tell the person you like that you don’t expect anything in return – you just wanted to tell them how you feel. That way they can have some time to think about what you said without feeling pressured to respond right away.\\nWhen you're done expressing yourself don't ask, \\\"So, how do you feel about me?\\\" It is up to them when and if they are willing to let you know. If they say no, then accept their answer and move forward. Say how you really feel, but don't throw a tantrum.\\nIf they say they like you too, that’s great. But don’t make them feel like they owe you a response right away.\\nIf they say yes, then you could ask them out. But if you're younger, you should just be friends.\\n2. Deciding How to Tell Your Crush\\n2-1. Choose an appropriate time.\\nThere are many things that can go wrong when you expose your feelings to another person. So, take some time considering how and when you’ll do it beforehand to minimize these negative possibilities.\\nChoose a time when the person is alone. This is a private matter between the two of you and you should be alone when it happens. You don’t want the object of your affection to have to think about how to react in front of other people in addition to handling the news you just told them.\\nConsider your crush’s schedule too. Don’t tell them how you feel at a time when they are busy and stressed. This might overwhelm them even more and make them respond in a more negative way than they otherwise would.\\n2-2. Pick an appropriate location.\\nTry to choose an intimate setting, a place where both of you are comfortable. You want your crush to feel at ease when you admit that you like them. Choosing a place that you both enjoy and feel comfortable in can make all the difference in how someone will receive news like this.\\nTry telling them in the peaceful park near your house or when you are both alone in your car.\\n2-3. Do it in person.\\nIf possible, don’t tell them in a text or over the phone. Maintain eye contact while you are talking to him/her and tell them how you feel. Doing it in person is more meaningful, but it will also let you gauge their reaction because you’ll be there to see it.\\nHowever, if either of you are the nervous type that might stutter or get sweaty, sending a text or writing a note might be a better option. That way you can think about what you want to say before you actually say it. But keep in mind that texting should be used as a last resort to tell someone how you feel.\\nIf you must send a text, try something like, “Hey, I like you. Want to hang out some time?”\\nDon’t ask someone else to tell him or her for you unless you feel it is absolutely necessary because you are too embarrassed or for some other reason. Make sure if you do ask someone else to tell your crush how you feel that it is someone you trust so they won’t spread rumors about you.\\n3. Managing Your Expectations\\n3-1. Don’t expect too much.\\nNothing is guaranteed. It is very possible that the object of your affection won’t return your feelings. But you shouldn’t tell them only to get a positive response. It is nice to know people like you and your crush should appreciate your honesty, regardless of the outcome. If they have nothing to say in response to how you feel, move on and don't be discouraged because of their response.\\n3-2. React well if they say they don’t return your feelings.\\nIf they do let you know how they feel about you, but it is not the same way you feel about them, don't stress it and don't make the mistake to take it back. Eventually they may feel the same way and if they don't, again just move on.\\nThe important thing here is to react with grace. If you get upset or say something mean in response, then it negates all of the nice things you just did and said. And it will definitely eliminate any chance of your crush deciding that they do really like you in the future.\\nDon’t indulge in a pity party or get visibly upset in front of your crush.\\n3-3. Give it time.\\nSometimes people need time to think about their feelings and make a decision like this. Strong emotions often take time to develop. So it’s possible that they will think about what you said and change their mind in the future.\\nContinue being their friend and try to act as if nothing has changed. This will give them a chance to see you in a new light.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"It can be difficult to admit to someone that you are into them because of the risk of embarrassment or rejection. It can also make you feel a little out of control when you give someone that kind of information about your emotions and you don’t know what their reaction will be. But with a little practice and planning, you can tell someone you like them and feel confident that you’ll be okay no matter how it turns out.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Telling Someone You Like Them\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be confident.\", \"描述\": \"When you tell someone how you feel, it is important to show confidence. If you are timid and unsure, how will that make your crush feel? He or she will not want to be with someone who seems unsure.\\nSmiling is one of the easiest ways to broadcast confidence. A relaxed, natural smile shows others that you are sure of yourself and will impress them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay calm.\", \"描述\": \"Don't panic when you admit your feelings. This can be a very stressful situation and it is easy to lose your cool, but you must remain calm during the whole conversation. If you panic and seem nervous, it will not help your case at all.\\nIf you start to feel like you are panicking, try focusing on your breathing. Take deep breaths and calm down. Or pretend like you are talking to an old friend, not someone you like. This will make it easier to talk to them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep it simple.\", \"描述\": \"Let them know how you feel about them, but do not go over the top and act like they are the most important thing in the world. Let them know what is going on and why is it that you feel that way about them. Avoid discussing any huge relationship commitments, as it may make your partner feel uncomfortable or uneasy.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ease into it.\", \"描述\": \"Do not just jump into that subject right away. Start off talking about something that happened that day, and work your way up to talking about your feelings. This will give your crush some time so that they won’t be surprised or caught off guard when you tell them how you feel.\\nTry talking about something cute or funny to make you more comfortable with the conversation initially. Tell your crush about a funny thing your brother did or talk about a new movie you really want to see.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Say the words.\", \"描述\": \"Tell your crush that you like them. Just say it. It might be intimidating, but they’ll never know if you don’t tell them. Be brave and tell them how you feel.\\nTry something like, “I’ve been thinking about you a lot and I want you to know that I like you.”\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Don’t pressure them.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure you tell the person you like that you don’t expect anything in return – you just wanted to tell them how you feel. That way they can have some time to think about what you said without feeling pressured to respond right away.\\nWhen you're done expressing yourself don't ask, \\\"So, how do you feel about me?\\\" It is up to them when and if they are willing to let you know. If they say no, then accept their answer and move forward. Say how you really feel, but don't throw a tantrum.\\nIf they say they like you too, that’s great. But don’t make them feel like they owe you a response right away.\\nIf they say yes, then you could ask them out. But if you're younger, you should just be friends.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Deciding How to Tell Your Crush\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose an appropriate time.\", \"描述\": \"There are many things that can go wrong when you expose your feelings to another person. So, take some time considering how and when you’ll do it beforehand to minimize these negative possibilities.\\nChoose a time when the person is alone. This is a private matter between the two of you and you should be alone when it happens. You don’t want the object of your affection to have to think about how to react in front of other people in addition to handling the news you just told them.\\nConsider your crush’s schedule too. Don’t tell them how you feel at a time when they are busy and stressed. This might overwhelm them even more and make them respond in a more negative way than they otherwise would.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pick an appropriate location.\", \"描述\": \"Try to choose an intimate setting, a place where both of you are comfortable. You want your crush to feel at ease when you admit that you like them. Choosing a place that you both enjoy and feel comfortable in can make all the difference in how someone will receive news like this.\\nTry telling them in the peaceful park near your house or when you are both alone in your car.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do it in person.\", \"描述\": \"If possible, don’t tell them in a text or over the phone. Maintain eye contact while you are talking to him/her and tell them how you feel. Doing it in person is more meaningful, but it will also let you gauge their reaction because you’ll be there to see it.\\nHowever, if either of you are the nervous type that might stutter or get sweaty, sending a text or writing a note might be a better option. That way you can think about what you want to say before you actually say it. But keep in mind that texting should be used as a last resort to tell someone how you feel.\\nIf you must send a text, try something like, “Hey, I like you. Want to hang out some time?”\\nDon’t ask someone else to tell him or her for you unless you feel it is absolutely necessary because you are too embarrassed or for some other reason. Make sure if you do ask someone else to tell your crush how you feel that it is someone you trust so they won’t spread rumors about you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Managing Your Expectations\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don’t expect too much.\", \"描述\": \"Nothing is guaranteed. It is very possible that the object of your affection won’t return your feelings. But you shouldn’t tell them only to get a positive response. It is nice to know people like you and your crush should appreciate your honesty, regardless of the outcome. If they have nothing to say in response to how you feel, move on and don't be discouraged because of their response.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"React well if they say they don’t return your feelings.\", \"描述\": \"If they do let you know how they feel about you, but it is not the same way you feel about them, don't stress it and don't make the mistake to take it back. Eventually they may feel the same way and if they don't, again just move on.\\nThe important thing here is to react with grace. If you get upset or say something mean in response, then it negates all of the nice things you just did and said. And it will definitely eliminate any chance of your crush deciding that they do really like you in the future.\\nDon’t indulge in a pity party or get visibly upset in front of your crush.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Give it time.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes people need time to think about their feelings and make a decision like this. Strong emotions often take time to develop. So it’s possible that they will think about what you said and change their mind in the future.\\nContinue being their friend and try to act as if nothing has changed. This will give them a chance to see you in a new light.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,489
How to Admit Your Child to Inpatient Psychiatric Treatment
1. Recognizing the Problem 1-1. Notice if your child's behavior seems off. If your gut instinct is telling you that something isn't right with your child, don't dismiss it. You know your child better than anyone else, and if they seem to be acting out of character – even if you can't put your finger on why – take it seriously. Don't be afraid to ask them how they're feeling as well. Open-ended questions can get them to open up. For example, if your child normally has good sleep habits, you should be alarmed if they seem to suddenly only need one or two hours (or less) per night. This could be a sign of a mood disorder. Ask other members of your household, such as your other children or spouse, if they have noticed strange behavior as well. They may be able to confirm your gut suspicion. Other people who have close daily interactions with your child, such as their coaches or teachers, may also be worth consulting. 1-2. Don't ignore hostile, aggressive, or violent behavior. If your child regularly threatens to hurt themselves or others, acts defiantly with authority figures, or gets into fights, seek help for them. Any kind of out-of-control behavior is a red flag for a mental health disorder. Let's say your typically reserved child gets sent to the principal's office for mouthing off at the teacher. This may point to a significant behavioral change influenced by a mental disorder or other traumatic event. 1-3. Take depressive symptoms seriously. If your child has been acting depressed for more than two weeks, it's probably not just hormones. Have your child's mental health evaluated if they've been acting sad or tearful, no longer participate in their favorite activities, or express feelings of worthlessness or guilt. Irritability and angry outbursts can also be signs of depression. If your child talks about suicide or wanting to die, talk to them about your concerns right away, and get them mental health treatment sooner rather than later. 1-4. Talk to your partner or family. As you review your child's symptoms, you may find it helpful to discuss the matter with your co-parent or another family member who knows your child well. This person can give you their perspective and help you make decisions. You might say, "I'm worried about Ellie. Have you noticed any changes in her? Will you go to a doctor's appointment with me to discuss her options?" 1-5. Take your child to a psychologist for an evaluation. If you think your child needs professional help, start by making an appointment with a psychologist. They will be able to evaluate your child's mental health and provide guidance on what kind of treatment program you should look for. Ask your pediatrician for a referral to a reputable psychologist in your area. It may help to jot down some notes about any changes you've noticed to help the doctor better understand your child's condition. If your child needs medication based on a psychological assessment, your child's psychologist can connect you with a psychiatrist. 2. Exploring Inpatient Treatment 2-1. Ask your child's doctor or psychiatrist about options for treatment. If you're overwhelmed at the idea of finding a good treatment program on your own, ask for help. A medical professional will be able to give you an overview of the treatment options available in your area. They'll also be able to advise you on which programs will meet your child's needs best. You might say, "This is all a lot to take in. Can you help me understand some other options for Henry? What would be your course of action if this were your child?" 2-2. Contact several treatment programs. Once you and your child's doctor have created a preliminary list of treatment programs that make sense given the diagnosis, call them and ask questions. Find out what type of treatment the program provides, how long a typical stay lasts, and how much the program costs. It's also a good idea to find out what kind of aftercare each program provides. Inpatient settings often stabilize your child's current condition and prevent further decline. Aftercare is critical to addressing underlying problems and moving forward. Make a list of your questions before you call each treatment center. Then compare your information on all the programs to decide which one fits your child's needs best. It's also a good idea to contact your insurance company and find out whether they will cover your child's mental health treatment. 2-3. Take your child to the emergency room in an emergency. If you think your child is a threat to themselves or to other people, take them straight to the emergency room or call 911. Your child may be admitted to the hospital right away, or they may be referred to another location for treatment. Be aware that it may take a long time – in some cases up to 24 hours – for your child to be evaluated in the emergency room. 3. Admitting Your Child to Treatment 3-1. Explain the admission to your child. Once you make the decision to admit, you will need to sit down with your child and discuss what's happening. Depending on your child's age and maturity level, they may already understand the circumstances. Still, it's best to be sure they understand and see if they have questions. You might say, "Josie, you're going to go and stay at the hospital for a few days. I know you have been really sad and we want to help you get better. I'm going to visit you as often as I can, okay? Do you have any questions?" If your child has a doctor he or she trusts, it may be helpful to have the doctor reassure them that this is for their benefit. 3-2. Make sure you understand the practical aspects of the program. When you admit your child to treatment, ask about the details of the treatment plan, how payments are managed, and whether you are legally required to sign your child in and out of the program. You may also want to ask about your child's daily schedule and how much you're expected to participate in therapy. Older teens may legally be able to sign themselves into and out of the hospital. Check the laws where you live to find out if this is the case. It's also a good idea to find out when visiting hours are and whether you will be able to talk to your child on the phone. Ask whether visits are only for parents, or whether siblings can visit, too. 3-3. Find out how the program handles schoolwork. Some psychiatric inpatient programs for kids and teens have teachers on staff, while others will allow you to bring your child their school assignments. Talk to the program ahead of time to make sure your child won't fall behind on schoolwork during their stay. It's also a good idea to find out if your child's school has any established protocol for students returning from hospitalization. 3-4. Pack a bag for your child. Check the program's guidelines before you pack for your child's stay. You will probably be asked to bring things like insurance information, clothes, toiletries, and a favorite book or stuffed animal. Most psychiatric treatment programs prohibit certain items. Avoid packing valuables, belts, any item with a cord or drawstring, or anything sharp. 3-5. Discuss your child's care with their treatment team. Talk with the therapist and psychiatrist who will work with your child. Tell them about your child's main symptoms, any treatment they have had in the past, and which strategies have helped them before. Remember that you are part of your child's treatment team, too. You know your child best, so don't hesitate to speak up if you think something isn't working. It's important to be proactive in your child's recovery. If a medication is of concern to you, make sure your voice is heard. You might say, "I'm concerned about the side effects of some of these medications. Are there any other drugs you can prescribe?" 3-6. Take care of yourself. Having a child in psychiatric treatment is stressful, so take care of your own well-being when you can. Keep your stress in check by breathing deeply or meditating for a few minutes every day. Maintain your overall health by eating well, getting some exercise, and avoiding drugs and alcohol. Remind yourself that you'll be able to help your child more effectively if you're in a healthy state of mind. If you're struggling, consider talking to a counselor or therapist.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:27", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Recognizing the Problem\\n1-1. Notice if your child's behavior seems off.\\nIf your gut instinct is telling you that something isn't right with your child, don't dismiss it. You know your child better than anyone else, and if they seem to be acting out of character – even if you can't put your finger on why – take it seriously. Don't be afraid to ask them how they're feeling as well. Open-ended questions can get them to open up.\\nFor example, if your child normally has good sleep habits, you should be alarmed if they seem to suddenly only need one or two hours (or less) per night. This could be a sign of a mood disorder.\\nAsk other members of your household, such as your other children or spouse, if they have noticed strange behavior as well. They may be able to confirm your gut suspicion.\\nOther people who have close daily interactions with your child, such as their coaches or teachers, may also be worth consulting.\\n1-2. Don't ignore hostile, aggressive, or violent behavior.\\nIf your child regularly threatens to hurt themselves or others, acts defiantly with authority figures, or gets into fights, seek help for them. Any kind of out-of-control behavior is a red flag for a mental health disorder.\\nLet's say your typically reserved child gets sent to the principal's office for mouthing off at the teacher. This may point to a significant behavioral change influenced by a mental disorder or other traumatic event.\\n1-3. Take depressive symptoms seriously.\\nIf your child has been acting depressed for more than two weeks, it's probably not just hormones. Have your child's mental health evaluated if they've been acting sad or tearful, no longer participate in their favorite activities, or express feelings of worthlessness or guilt.\\nIrritability and angry outbursts can also be signs of depression.\\nIf your child talks about suicide or wanting to die, talk to them about your concerns right away, and get them mental health treatment sooner rather than later.\\n1-4. Talk to your partner or family.\\nAs you review your child's symptoms, you may find it helpful to discuss the matter with your co-parent or another family member who knows your child well. This person can give you their perspective and help you make decisions.\\nYou might say, \\\"I'm worried about Ellie. Have you noticed any changes in her? Will you go to a doctor's appointment with me to discuss her options?\\\"\\n1-5. Take your child to a psychologist for an evaluation.\\nIf you think your child needs professional help, start by making an appointment with a psychologist. They will be able to evaluate your child's mental health and provide guidance on what kind of treatment program you should look for.\\nAsk your pediatrician for a referral to a reputable psychologist in your area. It may help to jot down some notes about any changes you've noticed to help the doctor better understand your child's condition.\\nIf your child needs medication based on a psychological assessment, your child's psychologist can connect you with a psychiatrist.\\n2. Exploring Inpatient Treatment\\n2-1. Ask your child's doctor or psychiatrist about options for treatment.\\nIf you're overwhelmed at the idea of finding a good treatment program on your own, ask for help. A medical professional will be able to give you an overview of the treatment options available in your area. They'll also be able to advise you on which programs will meet your child's needs best.\\nYou might say, \\\"This is all a lot to take in. Can you help me understand some other options for Henry? What would be your course of action if this were your child?\\\"\\n2-2. Contact several treatment programs.\\nOnce you and your child's doctor have created a preliminary list of treatment programs that make sense given the diagnosis, call them and ask questions. Find out what type of treatment the program provides, how long a typical stay lasts, and how much the program costs. \\nIt's also a good idea to find out what kind of aftercare each program provides. Inpatient settings often stabilize your child's current condition and prevent further decline. Aftercare is critical to addressing underlying problems and moving forward.\\nMake a list of your questions before you call each treatment center. Then compare your information on all the programs to decide which one fits your child's needs best.\\nIt's also a good idea to contact your insurance company and find out whether they will cover your child's mental health treatment.\\n2-3. Take your child to the emergency room in an emergency.\\nIf you think your child is a threat to themselves or to other people, take them straight to the emergency room or call 911. Your child may be admitted to the hospital right away, or they may be referred to another location for treatment.\\nBe aware that it may take a long time – in some cases up to 24 hours – for your child to be evaluated in the emergency room.\\n3. Admitting Your Child to Treatment\\n3-1. Explain the admission to your child.\\nOnce you make the decision to admit, you will need to sit down with your child and discuss what's happening. Depending on your child's age and maturity level, they may already understand the circumstances. Still, it's best to be sure they understand and see if they have questions.\\nYou might say, \\\"Josie, you're going to go and stay at the hospital for a few days. I know you have been really sad and we want to help you get better. I'm going to visit you as often as I can, okay? Do you have any questions?\\\"\\nIf your child has a doctor he or she trusts, it may be helpful to have the doctor reassure them that this is for their benefit.\\n3-2. Make sure you understand the practical aspects of the program.\\nWhen you admit your child to treatment, ask about the details of the treatment plan, how payments are managed, and whether you are legally required to sign your child in and out of the program. You may also want to ask about your child's daily schedule and how much you're expected to participate in therapy. \\nOlder teens may legally be able to sign themselves into and out of the hospital. Check the laws where you live to find out if this is the case.\\nIt's also a good idea to find out when visiting hours are and whether you will be able to talk to your child on the phone. Ask whether visits are only for parents, or whether siblings can visit, too.\\n3-3. Find out how the program handles schoolwork.\\nSome psychiatric inpatient programs for kids and teens have teachers on staff, while others will allow you to bring your child their school assignments. Talk to the program ahead of time to make sure your child won't fall behind on schoolwork during their stay.\\nIt's also a good idea to find out if your child's school has any established protocol for students returning from hospitalization.\\n3-4. Pack a bag for your child.\\nCheck the program's guidelines before you pack for your child's stay. You will probably be asked to bring things like insurance information, clothes, toiletries, and a favorite book or stuffed animal. \\nMost psychiatric treatment programs prohibit certain items. Avoid packing valuables, belts, any item with a cord or drawstring, or anything sharp.\\n3-5. Discuss your child's care with their treatment team.\\nTalk with the therapist and psychiatrist who will work with your child. Tell them about your child's main symptoms, any treatment they have had in the past, and which strategies have helped them before. \\nRemember that you are part of your child's treatment team, too. You know your child best, so don't hesitate to speak up if you think something isn't working. It's important to be proactive in your child's recovery. If a medication is of concern to you, make sure your voice is heard.\\nYou might say, \\\"I'm concerned about the side effects of some of these medications. Are there any other drugs you can prescribe?\\\"\\n3-6. Take care of yourself.\\nHaving a child in psychiatric treatment is stressful, so take care of your own well-being when you can. Keep your stress in check by breathing deeply or meditating for a few minutes every day. Maintain your overall health by eating well, getting some exercise, and avoiding drugs and alcohol.\\nRemind yourself that you'll be able to help your child more effectively if you're in a healthy state of mind.\\nIf you're struggling, consider talking to a counselor or therapist.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Leaving your child at an inpatient psychiatric treatment program is hard for any parent to do. You might feel worried about the care they will receive, guilty for not being able to help them more, or angry about the distress they've caused you. But getting your child the help they need can also bring you relief and put your family on the road to healing. Start by paying close attention to your child's problem behaviors and finding a treatment program that meets your family's needs. When you admit your child to the program, ask lots of questions so you can provide the best support possible.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Recognizing the Problem\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Notice if your child's behavior seems off.\", \"描述\": \"If your gut instinct is telling you that something isn't right with your child, don't dismiss it. You know your child better than anyone else, and if they seem to be acting out of character – even if you can't put your finger on why – take it seriously. Don't be afraid to ask them how they're feeling as well. Open-ended questions can get them to open up.\\nFor example, if your child normally has good sleep habits, you should be alarmed if they seem to suddenly only need one or two hours (or less) per night. This could be a sign of a mood disorder.\\nAsk other members of your household, such as your other children or spouse, if they have noticed strange behavior as well. They may be able to confirm your gut suspicion.\\nOther people who have close daily interactions with your child, such as their coaches or teachers, may also be worth consulting.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don't ignore hostile, aggressive, or violent behavior.\", \"描述\": \"If your child regularly threatens to hurt themselves or others, acts defiantly with authority figures, or gets into fights, seek help for them. Any kind of out-of-control behavior is a red flag for a mental health disorder.\\nLet's say your typically reserved child gets sent to the principal's office for mouthing off at the teacher. This may point to a significant behavioral change influenced by a mental disorder or other traumatic event.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take depressive symptoms seriously.\", \"描述\": \"If your child has been acting depressed for more than two weeks, it's probably not just hormones. Have your child's mental health evaluated if they've been acting sad or tearful, no longer participate in their favorite activities, or express feelings of worthlessness or guilt.\\nIrritability and angry outbursts can also be signs of depression.\\nIf your child talks about suicide or wanting to die, talk to them about your concerns right away, and get them mental health treatment sooner rather than later.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Talk to your partner or family.\", \"描述\": \"As you review your child's symptoms, you may find it helpful to discuss the matter with your co-parent or another family member who knows your child well. This person can give you their perspective and help you make decisions.\\nYou might say, \\\"I'm worried about Ellie. Have you noticed any changes in her? Will you go to a doctor's appointment with me to discuss her options?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Take your child to a psychologist for an evaluation.\", \"描述\": \"If you think your child needs professional help, start by making an appointment with a psychologist. They will be able to evaluate your child's mental health and provide guidance on what kind of treatment program you should look for.\\nAsk your pediatrician for a referral to a reputable psychologist in your area. It may help to jot down some notes about any changes you've noticed to help the doctor better understand your child's condition.\\nIf your child needs medication based on a psychological assessment, your child's psychologist can connect you with a psychiatrist.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Exploring Inpatient Treatment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ask your child's doctor or psychiatrist about options for treatment.\", \"描述\": \"If you're overwhelmed at the idea of finding a good treatment program on your own, ask for help. A medical professional will be able to give you an overview of the treatment options available in your area. They'll also be able to advise you on which programs will meet your child's needs best.\\nYou might say, \\\"This is all a lot to take in. Can you help me understand some other options for Henry? What would be your course of action if this were your child?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Contact several treatment programs.\", \"描述\": \"Once you and your child's doctor have created a preliminary list of treatment programs that make sense given the diagnosis, call them and ask questions. Find out what type of treatment the program provides, how long a typical stay lasts, and how much the program costs. \\nIt's also a good idea to find out what kind of aftercare each program provides. Inpatient settings often stabilize your child's current condition and prevent further decline. Aftercare is critical to addressing underlying problems and moving forward.\\nMake a list of your questions before you call each treatment center. Then compare your information on all the programs to decide which one fits your child's needs best.\\nIt's also a good idea to contact your insurance company and find out whether they will cover your child's mental health treatment.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take your child to the emergency room in an emergency.\", \"描述\": \"If you think your child is a threat to themselves or to other people, take them straight to the emergency room or call 911. Your child may be admitted to the hospital right away, or they may be referred to another location for treatment.\\nBe aware that it may take a long time – in some cases up to 24 hours – for your child to be evaluated in the emergency room.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Admitting Your Child to Treatment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Explain the admission to your child.\", \"描述\": \"Once you make the decision to admit, you will need to sit down with your child and discuss what's happening. Depending on your child's age and maturity level, they may already understand the circumstances. Still, it's best to be sure they understand and see if they have questions.\\nYou might say, \\\"Josie, you're going to go and stay at the hospital for a few days. I know you have been really sad and we want to help you get better. I'm going to visit you as often as I can, okay? Do you have any questions?\\\"\\nIf your child has a doctor he or she trusts, it may be helpful to have the doctor reassure them that this is for their benefit.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make sure you understand the practical aspects of the program.\", \"描述\": \"When you admit your child to treatment, ask about the details of the treatment plan, how payments are managed, and whether you are legally required to sign your child in and out of the program. You may also want to ask about your child's daily schedule and how much you're expected to participate in therapy. \\nOlder teens may legally be able to sign themselves into and out of the hospital. Check the laws where you live to find out if this is the case.\\nIt's also a good idea to find out when visiting hours are and whether you will be able to talk to your child on the phone. Ask whether visits are only for parents, or whether siblings can visit, too.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find out how the program handles schoolwork.\", \"描述\": \"Some psychiatric inpatient programs for kids and teens have teachers on staff, while others will allow you to bring your child their school assignments. Talk to the program ahead of time to make sure your child won't fall behind on schoolwork during their stay.\\nIt's also a good idea to find out if your child's school has any established protocol for students returning from hospitalization.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pack a bag for your child.\", \"描述\": \"Check the program's guidelines before you pack for your child's stay. You will probably be asked to bring things like insurance information, clothes, toiletries, and a favorite book or stuffed animal. \\nMost psychiatric treatment programs prohibit certain items. Avoid packing valuables, belts, any item with a cord or drawstring, or anything sharp.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Discuss your child's care with their treatment team.\", \"描述\": \"Talk with the therapist and psychiatrist who will work with your child. Tell them about your child's main symptoms, any treatment they have had in the past, and which strategies have helped them before. \\nRemember that you are part of your child's treatment team, too. You know your child best, so don't hesitate to speak up if you think something isn't working. It's important to be proactive in your child's recovery. If a medication is of concern to you, make sure your voice is heard.\\nYou might say, \\\"I'm concerned about the side effects of some of these medications. Are there any other drugs you can prescribe?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Take care of yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Having a child in psychiatric treatment is stressful, so take care of your own well-being when you can. Keep your stress in check by breathing deeply or meditating for a few minutes every day. Maintain your overall health by eating well, getting some exercise, and avoiding drugs and alcohol.\\nRemind yourself that you'll be able to help your child more effectively if you're in a healthy state of mind.\\nIf you're struggling, consider talking to a counselor or therapist.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,490
How to Admit to a Foot Fetish
1. Laying the Groundwork 1-1. Don't fess up right away. If you want your partner to be okay with your foot fetish, then the worst thing you can do is blurt it out right away. If you're just in the middle of your first date, or even kissing for the first time, saying, "I have a foot fetish!" is likely to turn your night in the wrong direction. If you want to tell your partner about your foot fetish and get the best results, then you have to wait for the perfect time -- when you know each other a little better. Ideally, you should wait until you have a sexual experience before you discuss your foot fetish. Otherwise, it may be too much, too soon. On the other hand, you don't want to wait too long -- if you walk down the aisle before admitting your lifelong obsession with feet, then you may run in to some serious trouble. 1-2. Start touching your partner's feet when you're ready. Once you've gotten more comfortable with your partner, it's time to test the waters. If you've found yourself in bed are in various degrees of undress, you can try kissing your partner's stomach, legs, and then move your way down to the feet. Don't go straight for the feet or you may freak your partner out. You can also just start touching your partner's feet if you're watching TV and you want to give them a sexy foot massage. Don't start licking or sucking on your partner's feet yet -- this may be too much too soon as well. 1-3. See how they react. How does your other half react when you go for the feet? Do hear murmurs of approval, the occasional, "Oh, that feels good," and see a nice relaxed smile on their face? If so, then things are moving in the right direction. If your partner pulls away, or even outright says they don't like it when you touch their feet, then it's time to abort the mission. If your partner reacts negatively, don't be discouraged. You may still be able to turn things around. However, this does mean that you shouldn't go for the feet again until you have the big talk. 1-4. If your partner reacts positively, compliment their feet. Don't go overboard -- just say, "You have such sexy feet," or "I just love your feet." Don't make it sound like a fetish yet -- just tell your partner that they specifically have amazing feet. This will make it easier for your partner to swallow the news than if you flat-out stated that you categorically love all feet before paying special attention to your partner's feet. Additionally, if you're a guy, and really feel like you need to mention their feet, you can compliment her about it when you're having a night out. You can say, "Your feet look great in those shoes." But don't overdo it, or little will they know, you have a foot fetish and think you only like them for their feet. 2. Admitting to Your Foot Fetish 2-1. Pick the right time to do it. When is the right time to admit to a foot fetish? There's no golden rule, but you probably should not do it in the middle of a hook-up. Instead, pick a time when you and your special someone are hanging out and feeling good about each other -- while having some privacy. You can tell your partner when you're back at your place and you think you may be close to being intimate again. Fessing up in the middle of hooking up or cuddling may give you a reaction you may not be ready for, and can interrupt the mood (though, not ruin it for good!). 2-2. Focus on the pleasure of getting what you want. We are social creatures and pick up cues from the people around us, and our emotions are contagious—so, if you approach your partner with anxiety, they will also feel anxious. Instead, fantasize about how good it will feel when your partner says "yes" to your request. It's much better to imagine your partner's positive response rather than imagining a poor reaction from them. 2-3. Share your fetish with excitement. Be honest. Just say, "Hey, I have a thing for feet." Or, "I want you to know that I have a foot fetish." Let them feel your excitement and ease—it will help them accept your desires because they'll feel more comfortable. If you hear nothing, you can ask, "What do you think?" But generally, it's a good idea to give your partner some time to process the news. 2-4. React appropriately to your partner's feelings. There are a few ways that this news can be taken. The best case scenario is if your partner says, "Really? That's kinky. I don't mind at all!" However, it's more likely that your partner will want more information or won't quite know how to react. The worst-case scenario is if your partner is completely not accepting of your fetish and thinks that feet are completely gross. You've said your piece, though, and now it's time to be mature and to deal with your partner's reaction in a calm and adult fashion. Whatever happens, you should be proud of yourself for being honest. If your partner accepts your foot fetish on the spot, great. Prepare for a night of kinky fun. If your partner needs some time to deal with it, take things slow. Don't try to touch their feet too much during your next kissing session -- wait for your partner to give you the green light. If your partner is just flat-out not into it, then there's no need to not try to force it. After all life is short and you have a foot fetish. Now, it's up to you to decide if you can handle a relationship that doesn't allow you to indulge your foot fetish. There is also a chance that over time they will warm up to it and become curious after a while. It's pretty common for partners not to have completely matched desires. In the case of a foot fetish, start by having a conversation where you say "This is why I like this. These are the fantasies that I have and these are the things I actually want to do." Then, your partner can cherry-pick from the menu of activities and let you know what they're comfortable with. Tips Try offering a foot massage after they have a long day at work or school. If they like to use nail polish, tell them that they should try a certain color, or a certain color would look good on their feet. This one works like a charm. Later on they will notice you always look at them and start to question. As soon as they are back at your apartment/house, don't just rip off her shoes and start having your way with her feet. This in most cases will result in problems. Warnings Your partner may see an advantage to this, and start forcing you to smell/lick/kiss their feet for long amounts of time. Don't try to fight your desires—if you have a fetish, it's not going anywhere. Repressing your desires just creates a lot of internal pressure that eventually explodes in a negative way, like depressed or anxious feelings (or even your sexuality shutting down completely).
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:27", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Laying the Groundwork\\n1-1. Don't fess up right away.\\nIf you want your partner to be okay with your foot fetish, then the worst thing you can do is blurt it out right away. If you're just in the middle of your first date, or even kissing for the first time, saying, \\\"I have a foot fetish!\\\" is likely to turn your night in the wrong direction. If you want to tell your partner about your foot fetish and get the best results, then you have to wait for the perfect time -- when you know each other a little better.\\nIdeally, you should wait until you have a sexual experience before you discuss your foot fetish. Otherwise, it may be too much, too soon.\\nOn the other hand, you don't want to wait too long -- if you walk down the aisle before admitting your lifelong obsession with feet, then you may run in to some serious trouble.\\n1-2. Start touching your partner's feet when you're ready.\\nOnce you've gotten more comfortable with your partner, it's time to test the waters. If you've found yourself in bed are in various degrees of undress, you can try kissing your partner's stomach, legs, and then move your way down to the feet. Don't go straight for the feet or you may freak your partner out. You can also just start touching your partner's feet if you're watching TV and you want to give them a sexy foot massage.\\nDon't start licking or sucking on your partner's feet yet -- this may be too much too soon as well.\\n1-3. See how they react.\\nHow does your other half react when you go for the feet? Do hear murmurs of approval, the occasional, \\\"Oh, that feels good,\\\" and see a nice relaxed smile on their face? If so, then things are moving in the right direction. If your partner pulls away, or even outright says they don't like it when you touch their feet, then it's time to abort the mission.\\nIf your partner reacts negatively, don't be discouraged. You may still be able to turn things around. However, this does mean that you shouldn't go for the feet again until you have the big talk.\\n1-4. If your partner reacts positively, compliment their feet.\\nDon't go overboard -- just say, \\\"You have such sexy feet,\\\" or \\\"I just love your feet.\\\" Don't make it sound like a fetish yet -- just tell your partner that they specifically have amazing feet. This will make it easier for your partner to swallow the news than if you flat-out stated that you categorically love all feet before paying special attention to your partner's feet.\\nAdditionally, if you're a guy, and really feel like you need to mention their feet, you can compliment her about it when you're having a night out. You can say, \\\"Your feet look great in those shoes.\\\" But don't overdo it, or little will they know, you have a foot fetish and think you only like them for their feet.\\n2. Admitting to Your Foot Fetish\\n2-1. Pick the right time to do it.\\nWhen is the right time to admit to a foot fetish? There's no golden rule, but you probably should not do it in the middle of a hook-up. Instead, pick a time when you and your special someone are hanging out and feeling good about each other -- while having some privacy. You can tell your partner when you're back at your place and you think you may be close to being intimate again.\\nFessing up in the middle of hooking up or cuddling may give you a reaction you may not be ready for, and can interrupt the mood (though, not ruin it for good!).\\n2-2. Focus on the pleasure of getting what you want.\\nWe are social creatures and pick up cues from the people around us, and our emotions are contagious—so, if you approach your partner with anxiety, they will also feel anxious. Instead, fantasize about how good it will feel when your partner says \\\"yes\\\" to your request.\\nIt's much better to imagine your partner's positive response rather than imagining a poor reaction from them.\\n2-3. Share your fetish with excitement.\\nBe honest. Just say, \\\"Hey, I have a thing for feet.\\\" Or, \\\"I want you to know that I have a foot fetish.\\\" Let them feel your excitement and ease—it will help them accept your desires because they'll feel more comfortable.\\nIf you hear nothing, you can ask, \\\"What do you think?\\\" But generally, it's a good idea to give your partner some time to process the news.\\n2-4. React appropriately to your partner's feelings.\\nThere are a few ways that this news can be taken. The best case scenario is if your partner says, \\\"Really? That's kinky. I don't mind at all!\\\" However, it's more likely that your partner will want more information or won't quite know how to react. The worst-case scenario is if your partner is completely not accepting of your fetish and thinks that feet are completely gross. You've said your piece, though, and now it's time to be mature and to deal with your partner's reaction in a calm and adult fashion. Whatever happens, you should be proud of yourself for being honest.\\nIf your partner accepts your foot fetish on the spot, great. Prepare for a night of kinky fun.\\nIf your partner needs some time to deal with it, take things slow. Don't try to touch their feet too much during your next kissing session -- wait for your partner to give you the green light.\\nIf your partner is just flat-out not into it, then there's no need to not try to force it. After all life is short and you have a foot fetish. Now, it's up to you to decide if you can handle a relationship that doesn't allow you to indulge your foot fetish. There is also a chance that over time they will warm up to it and become curious after a while.\\nIt's pretty common for partners not to have completely matched desires. In the case of a foot fetish, start by having a conversation where you say \\\"This is why I like this. These are the fantasies that I have and these are the things I actually want to do.\\\" Then, your partner can cherry-pick from the menu of activities and let you know what they're comfortable with.\\nTips\\nTry offering a foot massage after they have a long day at work or school.\\nIf they like to use nail polish, tell them that they should try a certain color, or a certain color would look good on their feet. This one works like a charm. Later on they will notice you always look at them and start to question.\\nAs soon as they are back at your apartment/house, don't just rip off her shoes and start having your way with her feet. This in most cases will result in problems.\\nWarnings\\nYour partner may see an advantage to this, and start forcing you to smell/lick/kiss their feet for long amounts of time.\\nDon't try to fight your desires—if you have a fetish, it's not going anywhere. Repressing your desires just creates a lot of internal pressure that eventually explodes in a negative way, like depressed or anxious feelings (or even your sexuality shutting down completely).\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Don't be embarrassed about having a thing for your partner's sexy, alluring feet. There's a way to tell your special someone about your foot fetish without causing a sensation. If you want to know how to fess up about your love for feet, just follow these easy steps.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Laying the Groundwork\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't fess up right away.\", \"描述\": \"If you want your partner to be okay with your foot fetish, then the worst thing you can do is blurt it out right away. If you're just in the middle of your first date, or even kissing for the first time, saying, \\\"I have a foot fetish!\\\" is likely to turn your night in the wrong direction. If you want to tell your partner about your foot fetish and get the best results, then you have to wait for the perfect time -- when you know each other a little better.\\nIdeally, you should wait until you have a sexual experience before you discuss your foot fetish. Otherwise, it may be too much, too soon.\\nOn the other hand, you don't want to wait too long -- if you walk down the aisle before admitting your lifelong obsession with feet, then you may run in to some serious trouble.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start touching your partner's feet when you're ready.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've gotten more comfortable with your partner, it's time to test the waters. If you've found yourself in bed are in various degrees of undress, you can try kissing your partner's stomach, legs, and then move your way down to the feet. Don't go straight for the feet or you may freak your partner out. You can also just start touching your partner's feet if you're watching TV and you want to give them a sexy foot massage.\\nDon't start licking or sucking on your partner's feet yet -- this may be too much too soon as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"See how they react.\", \"描述\": \"How does your other half react when you go for the feet? Do hear murmurs of approval, the occasional, \\\"Oh, that feels good,\\\" and see a nice relaxed smile on their face? If so, then things are moving in the right direction. If your partner pulls away, or even outright says they don't like it when you touch their feet, then it's time to abort the mission.\\nIf your partner reacts negatively, don't be discouraged. You may still be able to turn things around. However, this does mean that you shouldn't go for the feet again until you have the big talk.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"If your partner reacts positively, compliment their feet.\", \"描述\": \"Don't go overboard -- just say, \\\"You have such sexy feet,\\\" or \\\"I just love your feet.\\\" Don't make it sound like a fetish yet -- just tell your partner that they specifically have amazing feet. This will make it easier for your partner to swallow the news than if you flat-out stated that you categorically love all feet before paying special attention to your partner's feet.\\nAdditionally, if you're a guy, and really feel like you need to mention their feet, you can compliment her about it when you're having a night out. You can say, \\\"Your feet look great in those shoes.\\\" But don't overdo it, or little will they know, you have a foot fetish and think you only like them for their feet.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Admitting to Your Foot Fetish\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pick the right time to do it.\", \"描述\": \"When is the right time to admit to a foot fetish? There's no golden rule, but you probably should not do it in the middle of a hook-up. Instead, pick a time when you and your special someone are hanging out and feeling good about each other -- while having some privacy. You can tell your partner when you're back at your place and you think you may be close to being intimate again.\\nFessing up in the middle of hooking up or cuddling may give you a reaction you may not be ready for, and can interrupt the mood (though, not ruin it for good!).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Focus on the pleasure of getting what you want.\", \"描述\": \"We are social creatures and pick up cues from the people around us, and our emotions are contagious—so, if you approach your partner with anxiety, they will also feel anxious. Instead, fantasize about how good it will feel when your partner says \\\"yes\\\" to your request.\\nIt's much better to imagine your partner's positive response rather than imagining a poor reaction from them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Share your fetish with excitement.\", \"描述\": \"Be honest. Just say, \\\"Hey, I have a thing for feet.\\\" Or, \\\"I want you to know that I have a foot fetish.\\\" Let them feel your excitement and ease—it will help them accept your desires because they'll feel more comfortable.\\nIf you hear nothing, you can ask, \\\"What do you think?\\\" But generally, it's a good idea to give your partner some time to process the news.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"React appropriately to your partner's feelings.\", \"描述\": \"There are a few ways that this news can be taken. The best case scenario is if your partner says, \\\"Really? That's kinky. I don't mind at all!\\\" However, it's more likely that your partner will want more information or won't quite know how to react. The worst-case scenario is if your partner is completely not accepting of your fetish and thinks that feet are completely gross. You've said your piece, though, and now it's time to be mature and to deal with your partner's reaction in a calm and adult fashion. Whatever happens, you should be proud of yourself for being honest.\\nIf your partner accepts your foot fetish on the spot, great. Prepare for a night of kinky fun.\\nIf your partner needs some time to deal with it, take things slow. Don't try to touch their feet too much during your next kissing session -- wait for your partner to give you the green light.\\nIf your partner is just flat-out not into it, then there's no need to not try to force it. After all life is short and you have a foot fetish. Now, it's up to you to decide if you can handle a relationship that doesn't allow you to indulge your foot fetish. There is also a chance that over time they will warm up to it and become curious after a while.\\nIt's pretty common for partners not to have completely matched desires. In the case of a foot fetish, start by having a conversation where you say \\\"This is why I like this. These are the fantasies that I have and these are the things I actually want to do.\\\" Then, your partner can cherry-pick from the menu of activities and let you know what they're comfortable with.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Try offering a foot massage after they have a long day at work or school.\\n\", \"If they like to use nail polish, tell them that they should try a certain color, or a certain color would look good on their feet. This one works like a charm. Later on they will notice you always look at them and start to question.\\n\", \"As soon as they are back at your apartment/house, don't just rip off her shoes and start having your way with her feet. This in most cases will result in problems.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Your partner may see an advantage to this, and start forcing you to smell/lick/kiss their feet for long amounts of time.\\n\", \"Don't try to fight your desires—if you have a fetish, it's not going anywhere. Repressing your desires just creates a lot of internal pressure that eventually explodes in a negative way, like depressed or anxious feelings (or even your sexuality shutting down completely).\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,491
How to Admit to a Teacher That You've Cheated
1. Preparing to Admit to Cheating 1-1. Learn how your school defines cheating. Many schools have academic codes of conduct outlining specific policies concerning cheating. Some academic policies separate cheating on a test from plagiarism. Before admitting to academic wrongdoing of any kind, define your actions and look up the potential consequences. Cheating is usually defined as copying or sharing answers, using concealed information during an exam, or submitting the same assignment for multiple classes. Plagiarism is generally considered to be using materials created by another a person without permission or citation. Some schools take a harder stance on plagiarism and may even define it as paraphrasing another person’s viewpoint as your own. 1-2. Determine the evidence against you. Even if you were inclined to deny the allegations, it will be difficult if a teacher saw you copying answers or using hidden materials during an exam. If a teacher only has a suspicion that you engaged in academic wrongdoing, you may be inclined to deny the allegations. However, it is best to admit to your wrongdoing. 1-3. Have a single story. It will appear suspicious if you tell different teachers or school authorities varied versions of your story. Decide what you are going to say and stick with it. This will make you appear more credible. For example, if you tell your teacher you cheated because you didn't study, it won't help your case to tell the principal you cheated because the teacher is a tough grader. Never lie! 1-4. Schedule a meeting with your teacher. Set up a time to have a one-on-one meeting with your teacher to discuss the cheating allegations. If the teacher already suspects you of cheating, you may want to say the meeting is specifically about cheating in advance. You could say: "Would it be possible to meet with you sometime this week? I would like to discuss an important matter about my approach to the last test with you." 1-5. Prepare for the meeting. Go over the evidence the school has against you and work out some key points to say, such as how you plan to move forward from the incident. Learn as much as possible about the academic code of conduct at your school and the potential consequences of your actions. Many schools will have a written protocol that you can consult to learn about the consequences. 1-6. Inquire about your rights. You can do this by asking your teacher directly or reading your school's code of conduct. Some schools have very serious consequences for cheating and plagiarism, including suspension or expulsion. In most cases, there will need to be a hearing before you can be suspended for more than 10 days or expelled. 2. Confessing to Cheating 2-1. Own up to your actions. Don’t try to dodge the issue if you cheated and your teacher caught you because it likely will not prevent you from getting into trouble. Instead, explain why you cheated. Be clear about why you made that choice. For example, if you didn't have time to study or couldn't grasp the material, be straightforward about it. You can say something like, "I made the choice to cheat because I didn't have time to study, which was in error. Next time, I will give myself more time to properly prepare." Be clear about which assignment or test you cheated on. If it was just on one assignment, you will want to clarify that you did not cheat on other assignments. Be aware that your teacher will probably want to review your previous work or keep a closer eye on your future work to make sure cheating is truly a one-time incident. Try to put yourself in a humble perspective as you apologize. 2-2. Ask for help. If you cheated because you were struggling in the class, tell the teacher you need some additional help in the subject. Be specific about which elements of the course material you don't understand. They may be able to recommend a tutor or some additional resources. You could say: "I am not sure I understand how to measure the surface area. This was one of the reasons why I cheated on the test. Do you know of any tutors who might be able to help me understand this topic?" 2-3. Ask for extra credit. If you received a failing grade for cheating on a test or assignment, ask for a makeup assignment or extra credit work to start salvaging your grade. Your teacher might be able to give you a make-up assignment or have you do more problems than other students so that you can catch up. 2-4. Show remorse. Being apologetic may lessen the consequences and punishment from cheating, but you will need to be genuine. You will need to take personal responsibility to move on from the incident. Tell your teacher the cheating was out of character for you and not something you intend to do again in the future. Although you will still likely be punished for cheating or plagiarizing, being remorseful can help minimize the lasting effects to your academic reputation. You could say: "I am very sorry that I cheated on last week's test. I understand that this was a wrongdoing and that my actions have consequences that I will need to face. At the same time I also want to reassure you that this was a one-time incident and it will not happen again." 3. Dealing with the Consequences 3-1. Face the punishment. Accept whatever the punishment is. It may be suspension, detention, or a failing grade on the test or assignment. Don’t argue. Trying to talk your way out of the punishment likely won’t make a difference and your teacher may add on. Arguing will detract from showing remorse for your actions. Stay positive. Keep your head up while serving your punishment. Treat it as a learning experience and move forward. It will also show your teachers you are serious about recovering from the incident and you don’t plan to cheat in the future. 3-2. Make a plan to move past cheating. Collaborate with your teacher to get extra credit or make up for failing grades. Produce quality work. Whatever the extra assignment is, study and focus to turn in a quality assignment. Work on it as soon as possible. This can help salvage your grade in the class. 3-3. Think about why you cheated. An important way to Deal with getting caught cheating in a test is to determine why you did it. This will require some self-reflection. Consider whether you were running short on time or you did not understand the material. Knowing this can help you avoid the same situation in the future. 3-4. Learn from your mistakes. After identifying the cause for your cheating or plagiarism, reflect on it. If it was from a lack of studying, work harder or see a tutor in the future. If you didn’t leave yourself enough time to prepare for an assignment, schedule time to work further in advance. Tips Be strong. Everyone makes mistakes and you're attempting to correct yours. Your teacher might think less of you for cheating, but you may be able to gain their trust back if you are a good student. Make sure you accept the consequences.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:28", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing to Admit to Cheating\\n1-1. Learn how your school defines cheating.\\nMany schools have academic codes of conduct outlining specific policies concerning cheating. Some academic policies separate cheating on a test from plagiarism. Before admitting to academic wrongdoing of any kind, define your actions and look up the potential consequences.\\nCheating is usually defined as copying or sharing answers, using concealed information during an exam, or submitting the same assignment for multiple classes. \\nPlagiarism is generally considered to be using materials created by another a person without permission or citation. Some schools take a harder stance on plagiarism and may even define it as paraphrasing another person’s viewpoint as your own.\\n1-2. Determine the evidence against you.\\nEven if you were inclined to deny the allegations, it will be difficult if a teacher saw you copying answers or using hidden materials during an exam. If a teacher only has a suspicion that you engaged in academic wrongdoing, you may be inclined to deny the allegations. However, it is best to admit to your wrongdoing.\\n1-3. Have a single story.\\nIt will appear suspicious if you tell different teachers or school authorities varied versions of your story. Decide what you are going to say and stick with it. This will make you appear more credible. For example, if you tell your teacher you cheated because you didn't study, it won't help your case to tell the principal you cheated because the teacher is a tough grader. Never lie!\\n1-4. Schedule a meeting with your teacher.\\nSet up a time to have a one-on-one meeting with your teacher to discuss the cheating allegations. If the teacher already suspects you of cheating, you may want to say the meeting is specifically about cheating in advance. You could say: \\\"Would it be possible to meet with you sometime this week? I would like to discuss an important matter about my approach to the last test with you.\\\"\\n1-5. Prepare for the meeting.\\nGo over the evidence the school has against you and work out some key points to say, such as how you plan to move forward from the incident. Learn as much as possible about the academic code of conduct at your school and the potential consequences of your actions. Many schools will have a written protocol that you can consult to learn about the consequences.\\n1-6. Inquire about your rights.\\nYou can do this by asking your teacher directly or reading your school's code of conduct. Some schools have very serious consequences for cheating and plagiarism, including suspension or expulsion. In most cases, there will need to be a hearing before you can be suspended for more than 10 days or expelled.\\n2. Confessing to Cheating\\n2-1. Own up to your actions.\\nDon’t try to dodge the issue if you cheated and your teacher caught you because it likely will not prevent you from getting into trouble. Instead, explain why you cheated. Be clear about why you made that choice. For example, if you didn't have time to study or couldn't grasp the material, be straightforward about it. You can say something like, \\\"I made the choice to cheat because I didn't have time to study, which was in error. Next time, I will give myself more time to properly prepare.\\\"\\nBe clear about which assignment or test you cheated on. If it was just on one assignment, you will want to clarify that you did not cheat on other assignments. Be aware that your teacher will probably want to review your previous work or keep a closer eye on your future work to make sure cheating is truly a one-time incident.\\nTry to put yourself in a humble perspective as you apologize.\\n2-2. Ask for help.\\nIf you cheated because you were struggling in the class, tell the teacher you need some additional help in the subject. Be specific about which elements of the course material you don't understand. They may be able to recommend a tutor or some additional resources.\\nYou could say: \\\"I am not sure I understand how to measure the surface area. This was one of the reasons why I cheated on the test. Do you know of any tutors who might be able to help me understand this topic?\\\"\\n2-3. Ask for extra credit.\\nIf you received a failing grade for cheating on a test or assignment, ask for a makeup assignment or extra credit work to start salvaging your grade. Your teacher might be able to give you a make-up assignment or have you do more problems than other students so that you can catch up.\\n2-4. Show remorse.\\nBeing apologetic may lessen the consequences and punishment from cheating, but you will need to be genuine. You will need to take personal responsibility to move on from the incident. Tell your teacher the cheating was out of character for you and not something you intend to do again in the future. Although you will still likely be punished for cheating or plagiarizing, being remorseful can help minimize the lasting effects to your academic reputation.\\nYou could say: \\\"I am very sorry that I cheated on last week's test. I understand that this was a wrongdoing and that my actions have consequences that I will need to face. At the same time I also want to reassure you that this was a one-time incident and it will not happen again.\\\"\\n3. Dealing with the Consequences\\n3-1. Face the punishment.\\nAccept whatever the punishment is. It may be suspension, detention, or a failing grade on the test or assignment.\\nDon’t argue. Trying to talk your way out of the punishment likely won’t make a difference and your teacher may add on. Arguing will detract from showing remorse for your actions.\\nStay positive. Keep your head up while serving your punishment. Treat it as a learning experience and move forward. It will also show your teachers you are serious about recovering from the incident and you don’t plan to cheat in the future.\\n3-2. Make a plan to move past cheating.\\nCollaborate with your teacher to get extra credit or make up for failing grades.\\nProduce quality work. Whatever the extra assignment is, study and focus to turn in a quality assignment. Work on it as soon as possible. This can help salvage your grade in the class.\\n3-3. Think about why you cheated.\\nAn important way to Deal with getting caught cheating in a test is to determine why you did it. This will require some self-reflection. Consider whether you were running short on time or you did not understand the material. Knowing this can help you avoid the same situation in the future.\\n3-4. Learn from your mistakes.\\nAfter identifying the cause for your cheating or plagiarism, reflect on it. If it was from a lack of studying, work harder or see a tutor in the future. If you didn’t leave yourself enough time to prepare for an assignment, schedule time to work further in advance.\\nTips\\nBe strong. Everyone makes mistakes and you're attempting to correct yours.\\nYour teacher might think less of you for cheating, but you may be able to gain their trust back if you are a good student.\\nMake sure you accept the consequences.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Cheating may have long-lasting effects on your education. Getting caught cheating can have dramatic academic consequences, including potential expulsion. If you cheated on an assignment or test and feel guilty about it, coming clean to your teacher may be a better alternative than waiting to get caught.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing to Admit to Cheating\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn how your school defines cheating.\", \"描述\": \"Many schools have academic codes of conduct outlining specific policies concerning cheating. Some academic policies separate cheating on a test from plagiarism. Before admitting to academic wrongdoing of any kind, define your actions and look up the potential consequences.\\nCheating is usually defined as copying or sharing answers, using concealed information during an exam, or submitting the same assignment for multiple classes. \\nPlagiarism is generally considered to be using materials created by another a person without permission or citation. Some schools take a harder stance on plagiarism and may even define it as paraphrasing another person’s viewpoint as your own.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Determine the evidence against you.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you were inclined to deny the allegations, it will be difficult if a teacher saw you copying answers or using hidden materials during an exam. If a teacher only has a suspicion that you engaged in academic wrongdoing, you may be inclined to deny the allegations. However, it is best to admit to your wrongdoing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Have a single story.\", \"描述\": \"It will appear suspicious if you tell different teachers or school authorities varied versions of your story. Decide what you are going to say and stick with it. This will make you appear more credible. For example, if you tell your teacher you cheated because you didn't study, it won't help your case to tell the principal you cheated because the teacher is a tough grader. Never lie!\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Schedule a meeting with your teacher.\", \"描述\": \"Set up a time to have a one-on-one meeting with your teacher to discuss the cheating allegations. If the teacher already suspects you of cheating, you may want to say the meeting is specifically about cheating in advance. You could say: \\\"Would it be possible to meet with you sometime this week? I would like to discuss an important matter about my approach to the last test with you.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prepare for the meeting.\", \"描述\": \"Go over the evidence the school has against you and work out some key points to say, such as how you plan to move forward from the incident. Learn as much as possible about the academic code of conduct at your school and the potential consequences of your actions. Many schools will have a written protocol that you can consult to learn about the consequences.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Inquire about your rights.\", \"描述\": \"You can do this by asking your teacher directly or reading your school's code of conduct. Some schools have very serious consequences for cheating and plagiarism, including suspension or expulsion. In most cases, there will need to be a hearing before you can be suspended for more than 10 days or expelled.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Confessing to Cheating\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Own up to your actions.\", \"描述\": \"Don’t try to dodge the issue if you cheated and your teacher caught you because it likely will not prevent you from getting into trouble. Instead, explain why you cheated. Be clear about why you made that choice. For example, if you didn't have time to study or couldn't grasp the material, be straightforward about it. You can say something like, \\\"I made the choice to cheat because I didn't have time to study, which was in error. Next time, I will give myself more time to properly prepare.\\\"\\nBe clear about which assignment or test you cheated on. If it was just on one assignment, you will want to clarify that you did not cheat on other assignments. Be aware that your teacher will probably want to review your previous work or keep a closer eye on your future work to make sure cheating is truly a one-time incident.\\nTry to put yourself in a humble perspective as you apologize.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask for help.\", \"描述\": \"If you cheated because you were struggling in the class, tell the teacher you need some additional help in the subject. Be specific about which elements of the course material you don't understand. They may be able to recommend a tutor or some additional resources.\\nYou could say: \\\"I am not sure I understand how to measure the surface area. This was one of the reasons why I cheated on the test. Do you know of any tutors who might be able to help me understand this topic?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask for extra credit.\", \"描述\": \"If you received a failing grade for cheating on a test or assignment, ask for a makeup assignment or extra credit work to start salvaging your grade. Your teacher might be able to give you a make-up assignment or have you do more problems than other students so that you can catch up.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Show remorse.\", \"描述\": \"Being apologetic may lessen the consequences and punishment from cheating, but you will need to be genuine. You will need to take personal responsibility to move on from the incident. Tell your teacher the cheating was out of character for you and not something you intend to do again in the future. Although you will still likely be punished for cheating or plagiarizing, being remorseful can help minimize the lasting effects to your academic reputation.\\nYou could say: \\\"I am very sorry that I cheated on last week's test. I understand that this was a wrongdoing and that my actions have consequences that I will need to face. At the same time I also want to reassure you that this was a one-time incident and it will not happen again.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Dealing with the Consequences\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Face the punishment.\", \"描述\": \"Accept whatever the punishment is. It may be suspension, detention, or a failing grade on the test or assignment.\\nDon’t argue. Trying to talk your way out of the punishment likely won’t make a difference and your teacher may add on. Arguing will detract from showing remorse for your actions.\\nStay positive. Keep your head up while serving your punishment. Treat it as a learning experience and move forward. It will also show your teachers you are serious about recovering from the incident and you don’t plan to cheat in the future.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make a plan to move past cheating.\", \"描述\": \"Collaborate with your teacher to get extra credit or make up for failing grades.\\nProduce quality work. Whatever the extra assignment is, study and focus to turn in a quality assignment. Work on it as soon as possible. This can help salvage your grade in the class.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Think about why you cheated.\", \"描述\": \"An important way to Deal with getting caught cheating in a test is to determine why you did it. This will require some self-reflection. Consider whether you were running short on time or you did not understand the material. Knowing this can help you avoid the same situation in the future.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn from your mistakes.\", \"描述\": \"After identifying the cause for your cheating or plagiarism, reflect on it. If it was from a lack of studying, work harder or see a tutor in the future. If you didn’t leave yourself enough time to prepare for an assignment, schedule time to work further in advance.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be strong. Everyone makes mistakes and you're attempting to correct yours.\\n\", \"Your teacher might think less of you for cheating, but you may be able to gain their trust back if you are a good student.\\n\", \"Make sure you accept the consequences.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,492
How to Adopt Dogs for Free
1. Finding Free Dogs 1-1. Ask your friends and family if they know of anyone giving away dogs. Even if no one in your close circle is currently trying to rehome their dogs, they might know someone who is. Try asking your family, friends, and coworkers if they know of anyone who is moving and needs to find a home for their dogs, or whose dogs may have recently had puppies that will need a home. You can also try reaching out to your social media connections. 1-2. Look in your newspaper for dogs available nearby. The classified section in your local newspaper should have a section for pets. You’ll often find ads which say “Free to a Good Home” in which people are trying to find homes for their dogs. Use caution when you're contacting people you don't know, and never give out your personal information to strangers. If possible, take a friend with you when you go to an unfamiliar place to ensure your safety. If a place seems shady or you get the feeling that the dogs have not been treated well, don't adopt from there. Mistreated animals can have severe behavioral and health problems later in life. Avoid adopting from a place where the animals are dirty, malnourished, or seem nervous. 1-3. Check classified websites. for more options. If you don’t have luck finding free dogs through your friends or in your local newspaper, try looking online on classified websites like Craigslist or Facebook. Check the “Pets” section to see if anyone is rehoming their dogs or trying to place a litter of puppies. 2. Adopting from a Shelter on a Free Weekend 2-1. Watch local ads or social media for adoption events. Although there are some animal shelters and rescue organizations which offer free adoption year-round, most charge an adoption fee which covers the cost of vaccinations and spaying/neutering the dogs. However, when shelters and rescues reach full capacity, they’ll often hold adoption events where this fee is waived. 2-2. Bring your ID. Even though you won’t have to pay a fee, you will likely have to provide the shelter or rescue with a photo ID and your address in order to complete the adoption process. 2-3. Be prepared to wait in line. Free adoption events often draw a large crowd, so you might have to wait a while before you are able to meet the available animals. Try going early to avoid long lines. You might also want to see if the shelter has a listing of its animals online that you can browse before you visit. If you see dogs on the website that you're interested in, try calling the shelter and asking if they'll hold the dogs for you until you can get there. You might have better luck if you tell them a specific time you expect to arrive. For instance, you could try saying something like, "I'm really interested in the 2 Shepherd mixes you have on your website. If they haven't been adopted yet, could you hold them for me until I get there? I can be there at noon tomorrow." 2-4. Answer any interview questions. Many shelters and rescues conduct an interview with prospective owners to make sure the dogs will be a good fit in their new homes. Be honest about your answers, and take this time to ask any questions you might have of your own. 3. Picking the Perfect Pups 3-1. Research dog breeds and characteristics before you pick your dog. You might not have a choice of the exact dog breeds you think would be the perfect fit for you, but researching dog breeds can give you an idea of what you’re looking for. This can help keep you focused in the face of all of those cute puppy-dog eyes. For instance, if you are highly active and you want a dog who will enjoy joining you on hikes, you might look for a terrier or retriever mix. 3-2. Meet the dog before you bring them home. Whether you’re looking for a dog from a private owner or a shelter, make sure you meet the dog first. Trust your own judgement on whether the dog’s personalities are a good match for you and any other family members or pets who will be living with you. If you already have a dog, ask if it’s okay to bring them along with you while you’re meeting potential new dogs to bring home. This can help you determine whether the dogs will get along. 3-3. Wait until puppies are 8-12 weeks old before you bring them home. Some puppy owners might be anxious to find homes for their little litter, but if you're getting puppies, they will be healthiest if they are allowed to stay with their mom for at least 8 weeks. When puppies are separated from their litter too early, they are significantly more likely to have behavioral problems later in life, including an aversion to strangers and excessive barking. 3-4. Ensure that you get all documentation. When you adopt a puppy or dog, be it from a family or a shelter, it is important to get all documents pertaining licencing, vaccinations, spaying/neutering and any health issues. This will help give the vet you choose for your dog all of the necessary and pertinent information. Ask lots of questions about your potential new pet. Make a list of questions about the dogs, like their health history, previous vaccinations, anything which might be known about their breed, and information about their parents if it’s known. If the parents are kept on site, ask if you can meet them. Pay attention to their temperament, as this is often a determining factor in your new dog's personality. 3-5. Get your supplies before you bring your dog home. Before you leave to bring home your new dog, you should make sure that you have everything you need at home. Make sure you have food and water bowls, leashes, and a few toys on hand. You should also check to make sure there’s nothing the dog can chew on that will be destroyed or harm the dog, especially if you’re bringing home a puppy. You may want to wait until you meet your new dog before purchasing dog food, just in case your dogs have special dietary needs or a favourite brand. Tips Think about fostering dogs, if you’ve never had pets before. This can help you get familiar with the process of caring for a pet without the long-term commitment.[18] X Research source If you live in an apartment, condo or townhouse complex, be sure that you check into any restrictions and/or requirements the landlord or resident association has regarding pets. Some have restrictions on size and breed, while others will require proof that your pup is licensed and has been spayed or neutered. As well, often you have to apply for the privilege of getting a dog, so make sure you follow any established rules. If you get your dog from a rescue organization or a shelter, you might consider making a donation to support the work that they do. This can be done at the time of the adoption or at a later date.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:28", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Finding Free Dogs\\n1-1. Ask your friends and family if they know of anyone giving away dogs.\\nEven if no one in your close circle is currently trying to rehome their dogs, they might know someone who is. Try asking your family, friends, and coworkers if they know of anyone who is moving and needs to find a home for their dogs, or whose dogs may have recently had puppies that will need a home. You can also try reaching out to your social media connections.\\n1-2. Look in your newspaper for dogs available nearby.\\nThe classified section in your local newspaper should have a section for pets. You’ll often find ads which say “Free to a Good Home” in which people are trying to find homes for their dogs.\\nUse caution when you're contacting people you don't know, and never give out your personal information to strangers. If possible, take a friend with you when you go to an unfamiliar place to ensure your safety.\\nIf a place seems shady or you get the feeling that the dogs have not been treated well, don't adopt from there. Mistreated animals can have severe behavioral and health problems later in life. Avoid adopting from a place where the animals are dirty, malnourished, or seem nervous.\\n1-3. Check classified websites.\\nfor more options. If you don’t have luck finding free dogs through your friends or in your local newspaper, try looking online on classified websites like Craigslist or Facebook. Check the “Pets” section to see if anyone is rehoming their dogs or trying to place a litter of puppies.\\n2. Adopting from a Shelter on a Free Weekend\\n2-1. Watch local ads or social media for adoption events.\\nAlthough there are some animal shelters and rescue organizations which offer free adoption year-round, most charge an adoption fee which covers the cost of vaccinations and spaying/neutering the dogs. However, when shelters and rescues reach full capacity, they’ll often hold adoption events where this fee is waived.\\n2-2. Bring your ID.\\nEven though you won’t have to pay a fee, you will likely have to provide the shelter or rescue with a photo ID and your address in order to complete the adoption process.\\n2-3. Be prepared to wait in line.\\nFree adoption events often draw a large crowd, so you might have to wait a while before you are able to meet the available animals. Try going early to avoid long lines. You might also want to see if the shelter has a listing of its animals online that you can browse before you visit.\\nIf you see dogs on the website that you're interested in, try calling the shelter and asking if they'll hold the dogs for you until you can get there. You might have better luck if you tell them a specific time you expect to arrive.\\nFor instance, you could try saying something like, \\\"I'm really interested in the 2 Shepherd mixes you have on your website. If they haven't been adopted yet, could you hold them for me until I get there? I can be there at noon tomorrow.\\\"\\n2-4. Answer any interview questions.\\nMany shelters and rescues conduct an interview with prospective owners to make sure the dogs will be a good fit in their new homes. Be honest about your answers, and take this time to ask any questions you might have of your own.\\n3. Picking the Perfect Pups\\n3-1. Research dog breeds and characteristics before you pick your dog.\\nYou might not have a choice of the exact dog breeds you think would be the perfect fit for you, but researching dog breeds can give you an idea of what you’re looking for. This can help keep you focused in the face of all of those cute puppy-dog eyes.\\nFor instance, if you are highly active and you want a dog who will enjoy joining you on hikes, you might look for a terrier or retriever mix.\\n3-2. Meet the dog before you bring them home.\\nWhether you’re looking for a dog from a private owner or a shelter, make sure you meet the dog first. Trust your own judgement on whether the dog’s personalities are a good match for you and any other family members or pets who will be living with you.\\nIf you already have a dog, ask if it’s okay to bring them along with you while you’re meeting potential new dogs to bring home. This can help you determine whether the dogs will get along.\\n3-3. Wait until puppies are 8-12 weeks old before you bring them home.\\nSome puppy owners might be anxious to find homes for their little litter, but if you're getting puppies, they will be healthiest if they are allowed to stay with their mom for at least 8 weeks.\\nWhen puppies are separated from their litter too early, they are significantly more likely to have behavioral problems later in life, including an aversion to strangers and excessive barking.\\n3-4. Ensure that you get all documentation.\\nWhen you adopt a puppy or dog, be it from a family or a shelter, it is important to get all documents pertaining licencing, vaccinations, spaying/neutering and any health issues. This will help give the vet you choose for your dog all of the necessary and pertinent information.\\nAsk lots of questions about your potential new pet. Make a list of questions about the dogs, like their health history, previous vaccinations, anything which might be known about their breed, and information about their parents if it’s known.\\nIf the parents are kept on site, ask if you can meet them. Pay attention to their temperament, as this is often a determining factor in your new dog's personality.\\n3-5. Get your supplies before you bring your dog home.\\nBefore you leave to bring home your new dog, you should make sure that you have everything you need at home. Make sure you have food and water bowls, leashes, and a few toys on hand. You should also check to make sure there’s nothing the dog can chew on that will be destroyed or harm the dog, especially if you’re bringing home a puppy.\\nYou may want to wait until you meet your new dog before purchasing dog food, just in case your dogs have special dietary needs or a favourite brand.\\nTips\\nThink about fostering dogs, if you’ve never had pets before. This can help you get familiar with the process of caring for a pet without the long-term commitment.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf you live in an apartment, condo or townhouse complex, be sure that you check into any restrictions and/or requirements the landlord or resident association has regarding pets. Some have restrictions on size and breed, while others will require proof that your pup is licensed and has been spayed or neutered. As well, often you have to apply for the privilege of getting a dog, so make sure you follow any established rules.\\nIf you get your dog from a rescue organization or a shelter, you might consider making a donation to support the work that they do. This can be done at the time of the adoption or at a later date.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Looking for new dogs to add to your family is exciting, but it’s not always practical to pay hundreds of dollars to a breeder. Luckily, with a little research, you can find dogs offered for free to a good home. Get ready to meet your new four-legged friends today!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finding Free Dogs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ask your friends and family if they know of anyone giving away dogs.\", \"描述\": \"Even if no one in your close circle is currently trying to rehome their dogs, they might know someone who is. Try asking your family, friends, and coworkers if they know of anyone who is moving and needs to find a home for their dogs, or whose dogs may have recently had puppies that will need a home. You can also try reaching out to your social media connections.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look in your newspaper for dogs available nearby.\", \"描述\": \"The classified section in your local newspaper should have a section for pets. You’ll often find ads which say “Free to a Good Home” in which people are trying to find homes for their dogs.\\nUse caution when you're contacting people you don't know, and never give out your personal information to strangers. If possible, take a friend with you when you go to an unfamiliar place to ensure your safety.\\nIf a place seems shady or you get the feeling that the dogs have not been treated well, don't adopt from there. Mistreated animals can have severe behavioral and health problems later in life. Avoid adopting from a place where the animals are dirty, malnourished, or seem nervous.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check classified websites.\", \"描述\": \"for more options. If you don’t have luck finding free dogs through your friends or in your local newspaper, try looking online on classified websites like Craigslist or Facebook. Check the “Pets” section to see if anyone is rehoming their dogs or trying to place a litter of puppies.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adopting from a Shelter on a Free Weekend\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Watch local ads or social media for adoption events.\", \"描述\": \"Although there are some animal shelters and rescue organizations which offer free adoption year-round, most charge an adoption fee which covers the cost of vaccinations and spaying/neutering the dogs. However, when shelters and rescues reach full capacity, they’ll often hold adoption events where this fee is waived.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Bring your ID.\", \"描述\": \"Even though you won’t have to pay a fee, you will likely have to provide the shelter or rescue with a photo ID and your address in order to complete the adoption process.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be prepared to wait in line.\", \"描述\": \"Free adoption events often draw a large crowd, so you might have to wait a while before you are able to meet the available animals. Try going early to avoid long lines. You might also want to see if the shelter has a listing of its animals online that you can browse before you visit.\\nIf you see dogs on the website that you're interested in, try calling the shelter and asking if they'll hold the dogs for you until you can get there. You might have better luck if you tell them a specific time you expect to arrive.\\nFor instance, you could try saying something like, \\\"I'm really interested in the 2 Shepherd mixes you have on your website. If they haven't been adopted yet, could you hold them for me until I get there? I can be there at noon tomorrow.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Answer any interview questions.\", \"描述\": \"Many shelters and rescues conduct an interview with prospective owners to make sure the dogs will be a good fit in their new homes. Be honest about your answers, and take this time to ask any questions you might have of your own.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Picking the Perfect Pups\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research dog breeds and characteristics before you pick your dog.\", \"描述\": \"You might not have a choice of the exact dog breeds you think would be the perfect fit for you, but researching dog breeds can give you an idea of what you’re looking for. This can help keep you focused in the face of all of those cute puppy-dog eyes.\\nFor instance, if you are highly active and you want a dog who will enjoy joining you on hikes, you might look for a terrier or retriever mix.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meet the dog before you bring them home.\", \"描述\": \"Whether you’re looking for a dog from a private owner or a shelter, make sure you meet the dog first. Trust your own judgement on whether the dog’s personalities are a good match for you and any other family members or pets who will be living with you.\\nIf you already have a dog, ask if it’s okay to bring them along with you while you’re meeting potential new dogs to bring home. This can help you determine whether the dogs will get along.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wait until puppies are 8-12 weeks old before you bring them home.\", \"描述\": \"Some puppy owners might be anxious to find homes for their little litter, but if you're getting puppies, they will be healthiest if they are allowed to stay with their mom for at least 8 weeks.\\nWhen puppies are separated from their litter too early, they are significantly more likely to have behavioral problems later in life, including an aversion to strangers and excessive barking.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ensure that you get all documentation.\", \"描述\": \"When you adopt a puppy or dog, be it from a family or a shelter, it is important to get all documents pertaining licencing, vaccinations, spaying/neutering and any health issues. This will help give the vet you choose for your dog all of the necessary and pertinent information.\\nAsk lots of questions about your potential new pet. Make a list of questions about the dogs, like their health history, previous vaccinations, anything which might be known about their breed, and information about their parents if it’s known.\\nIf the parents are kept on site, ask if you can meet them. Pay attention to their temperament, as this is often a determining factor in your new dog's personality.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get your supplies before you bring your dog home.\", \"描述\": \"Before you leave to bring home your new dog, you should make sure that you have everything you need at home. Make sure you have food and water bowls, leashes, and a few toys on hand. You should also check to make sure there’s nothing the dog can chew on that will be destroyed or harm the dog, especially if you’re bringing home a puppy.\\nYou may want to wait until you meet your new dog before purchasing dog food, just in case your dogs have special dietary needs or a favourite brand.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Think about fostering dogs, if you’ve never had pets before. This can help you get familiar with the process of caring for a pet without the long-term commitment.[18]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If you live in an apartment, condo or townhouse complex, be sure that you check into any restrictions and/or requirements the landlord or resident association has regarding pets. Some have restrictions on size and breed, while others will require proof that your pup is licensed and has been spayed or neutered. As well, often you have to apply for the privilege of getting a dog, so make sure you follow any established rules.\\n\", \"If you get your dog from a rescue organization or a shelter, you might consider making a donation to support the work that they do. This can be done at the time of the adoption or at a later date.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,493
How to Adopt Your Stepchild
1. Preparing for Your Adoption 1-1. Discuss this decision as a couple and a family. In the rush of happiness, it may not seem like there is any downside, but a stepparent adoption is a monumental change for your family. This adoption will legally remove one of the child's biological parents from his/her life, give him/her a new name, and transform his/her stepparent into his/her legal mom or dad. This is a huge change psychologically for the child. For the biological parent, it means agreeing to give legal rights to the child over to a new spouse. Consider sessions with a family counselor. This helps to make sure everyone understands what a stepparent adoption means to the family, and helps ensure it's what the child wants. 1-2. Understand the legal ramifications. A stepparent adoption has permanent legal consequences for the biological parent, the adopting parent, and the child. You need to understand and accept them. Consult with an attorney if you have any questions. The biological parent needs to know that this adoption makes your current spouse the child's legal parent. If you divorce, your spouse has the right to visitation and even custody. If you remarry again and want the new spouse to adopt your child, you will be seeking the consent of the adoptive parent, not the biological parent. The adopting parent takes on all legal rights and responsibilities of parenthood. If you divorce, you will be required to pay child support for your adopted stepchild. Your adopted child gains the right to a share of your estate, even if that lessens the share that goes to your biological children. The child forfeits all claims to inheritance from previous family. The absent parent, grandparents, and other relatives of the parent who gave up rights in the adoption may make voluntary gifts to the child, but there is no standing to contest a will or claim a statutory share of the estate. 1-3. Assemble your documents. At a minimum you will need a certified copy of the child's birth certificate, your marriage documents, and the biological parents' divorce documents (if they were married.) If the absent parent is deceased, you should get a certified copy of the death certificate. If the non-custodial parent is living, you will need an address for service of the petition. If you don't have an address, you need to make honest efforts to find it. The minimum efforts the court will expect include Internet searches, contacting his/her family, looking in phone directories, and reaching out to former friends. Document these efforts in a journal so you will remember them. 1-4. List the child's property and collect documentation. When you become an adoptive parent, you may gain rights in the child's property. This can include Social Security payments, military survivor benefits, trust funds gained through inheritance, awards in lawsuits, land or other tangible property that belongs to the child. This must be declared in the adoption petition. 1-5. Decide if you need a family law attorney or will represent yourself. If the absent parent is willing to consent to the adoption or is deceased, the stepchild adoption procedure is fairly straightforward, and you may be able to do it yourself. If the other parent won't consent, consider consulting with a family law attorney before you file the adoption. 1-6. Research the adoption fees. There will be a filing fee to apply to the court to adopt your stepchild. Those fees may be nominal (as low as $20 in California), to over $300 in Texas. Payment will be required at the time you file the petition. Other costs could include an adoption home study, attorney's fees for the child's attorney, criminal history checks, court-mandated counseling, and fees for a new birth certificate. Although it varies per state, in total, it typically costs $1500-$2500 to adopt a stepchild, even if you have the other parent's consent, and even if you don't use a lawyer (because one will often be appointed for the child). All courts have a process for waiving some or all of the filing fees. It is dependent on your family income and assets. Ask the court clerk for the procedure in your local court. 2. Filing Your Adoption 2-1. Complete your adoption petition. The petition is the legal document you will file with the court requesting the judge to allow you to adopt your stepchild. If there is more than one child, you can adopt them all at once with the same petition. An adoption petition is a precise document that must be tailored to your state. Missing a detail or not using the right forms can cause problems for you and the child later on. Therefore, it's not recommended that you write your own from scratch unless you have legal training. There are several options for the preparation of your adoption petition. Ask the court clerk if they have a fill-in-the-blanks stepparent adoption package. These forms will have been vetted for accuracy and accepted by the court before in adoptions. Expect the cost to be around $10. Contact your local Legal Aid office to see if they have a do-it-yourself stepparent adoption package. The forms have been reviewed by an attorney and will comply with local requirements. Expect the cost to be from free-of-charge to under $10. Hire a local legal document preparation service or attorney who offers unbundled legal services. The cost can range from around $50 to $200 depending on the jurisdiction. This is a good option if you are petitioning the court for a stepparent adoption and you do not have the explicit consent of the absent parent. Once complete, you will file your petition, with the fee, in the courthouse of the county where you have lived with the child for at least six months. You must file in your county of residence, even if another courthouse is closer. 2-2. Obtain the consent of the non-custodial parent. This can either be the easiest part of the adoption process or the hardest. Your adoption package will have a form the absent parent can sign and have notarized to indicate their consent. If (s)he is willing to sign, the adoption can usually proceed with no difficulty. Once the adoption is complete, the non-custodial parent is freed from all further child support obligations. Past due support can still be collected, but no further support will accrue. If the other biological parent is deceased, this will be noted in the petition and a certified copy of the death certificate attached. 2-3. Adjust your adoption strategy if the other parent won't consent. There are two common scenarios where you can't get consent from the other parent. First, is that the absent parent is hostile toward the idea and refuses to consent. The second is when the absent parent is truly absent and you don't know how to contact him/her. If you believe the adoption will be hostile and contested by the other parent, you should consult with an attorney before you proceed. A non-cooperative parent seriously complicates the procedure and may result in a trial. Unless you have specific legal training and experience, the trial could not only result in denial of your adoption, but a challenge to the custodial spouse's rights of custody. 2-4. Attempt to locate an absent parent. If you do not have contact information for the absent parent, there is an extra set of steps you will have to go through. It is highly recommended that you consult with an attorney to make sure you know your state's requirements for dealing with a non-involved and missing parent. State laws vary, and it is critical that you follow the law in your state. A good general rule is that if your child has not heard from his/her other parent for over a year, and there has been no financial support for over a year, then the court will grant your adoption. However, this is only a general rule. Local rules vary tremendously. You should make a reasonable good faith effort to locate the other parent. Reach out to family and mutual friends. Search the Internet and phone directories. Some states have a "putative parent directory," where people trying to locate their children register. Document your efforts. If the judge does not believe that you were diligent, the adoption will be delayed or even dismissed. 2-5. Seek permission for service by publication. If your efforts to locate the absent parent fail, you can ask the court for permission for service by publication. This means that the notice will be published in whatever newspaper is most local to the biological parent's last known address. After service by publication, you can proceed with the stepparent adoption. If your court does not have a prepared form for this request, consult an attorney, document preparation service, or local Legal Aid for help. Once the judge grants permission for publication, go to the newspaper in your county authorized to print legal notices. They will help you prepare the notice for the newspaper and give you proof of publication according to your state law. The fee will be around $100 and cannot be waived by the court. 3. Processing and Finalizing Your Adoption 3-1. Attend the preliminary court hearing. After the service period has expired, there is usually a preliminary court hearing where the judge will review the documents, note any deficiencies, and schedule the next step in the adoption. This is the absent parent's opportunity to appear. If (s)he does appear, you can either talk to him/her about consent or consider your next move if (s)he refuses. If the absent parent does not appear, you are not required to give him/her any further notice. You are also not required to make any further attempts to contact him/her unless explicitly ordered to by the judge. Be sure to comply with any orders issued by the judge. If the court wants additional documentation or information, supply it as soon as possible without question. If the judge orders criminal background checks, you may be required to meet with a court officer and sign a release so they can get your information. 3-2. Prepare for a home study. While home studies are usually waived in stepparent adoptions, judges still have the authority to order them. Home studies are conducted by child protective services (or whatever that agency might be called in your state). Cooperate and put your family's best foot forward by welcoming the social worker into your home and answering all of his/her questions. The court has the discretion to order a criminal background check on the adopting parent. If the adopting parent has a record of charges involving child abuse or neglect, or his or her own history of back child support or abandonment, the court will be much more unlikely to grant the adoption. The judge may or may not want to meet the children. This is completely up to the judge. Some judges do not allow young children in the courtroom at all. It is best to have child care arranged before the court hearing. Ask the judge if (s)he wants you to bring the children to the final hearing. If your child is over a certain age--usually fourteen--then the judge will have to get his or her consent in order for adoption to proceed, as well. 3-3. Attend the final court hearing. At this hearing, the judge will make his/her ruling on your stepparent adoption. This is also the last chance for the absent parent to appear. The judge will review the documents and ask you about your intent to adopt the child. (S)he will also ask your spouse if (s)he consents to your adoption of his/her child and changing the child's last name. If the children are present, the judge may talk to them. Upon signing of the order, you become the legal parent of your stepchild. You may be scheduled during the regular court docket. Even though this is a joyous time for you, the court may have other business to conduct. Definitely don't bring a large group, cameras, balloons, or anything else that may interfere with court operations. Judges are not a group of people known for their joviality. Save the party for later. Some courts schedule special "adoption dockets" that are more relaxed and festive. At these special settings, judges will usually allow photos and a party-like atmosphere. 3-4. Change your child's birth certificate. Upon receipt of the file-stamped adoption order you can file for a new birth certificate showing your child's adopted name and proceed with updating school and medical records.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:28", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing for Your Adoption\\n1-1. Discuss this decision as a couple and a family.\\nIn the rush of happiness, it may not seem like there is any downside, but a stepparent adoption is a monumental change for your family. This adoption will legally remove one of the child's biological parents from his/her life, give him/her a new name, and transform his/her stepparent into his/her legal mom or dad. This is a huge change psychologically for the child. For the biological parent, it means agreeing to give legal rights to the child over to a new spouse.\\nConsider sessions with a family counselor. This helps to make sure everyone understands what a stepparent adoption means to the family, and helps ensure it's what the child wants.\\n1-2. Understand the legal ramifications.\\nA stepparent adoption has permanent legal consequences for the biological parent, the adopting parent, and the child. You need to understand and accept them. Consult with an attorney if you have any questions.\\nThe biological parent needs to know that this adoption makes your current spouse the child's legal parent. If you divorce, your spouse has the right to visitation and even custody. If you remarry again and want the new spouse to adopt your child, you will be seeking the consent of the adoptive parent, not the biological parent.\\nThe adopting parent takes on all legal rights and responsibilities of parenthood. If you divorce, you will be required to pay child support for your adopted stepchild. Your adopted child gains the right to a share of your estate, even if that lessens the share that goes to your biological children.\\nThe child forfeits all claims to inheritance from previous family. The absent parent, grandparents, and other relatives of the parent who gave up rights in the adoption may make voluntary gifts to the child, but there is no standing to contest a will or claim a statutory share of the estate.\\n1-3. Assemble your documents.\\nAt a minimum you will need a certified copy of the child's birth certificate, your marriage documents, and the biological parents' divorce documents (if they were married.) If the absent parent is deceased, you should get a certified copy of the death certificate.\\nIf the non-custodial parent is living, you will need an address for service of the petition. If you don't have an address, you need to make honest efforts to find it. The minimum efforts the court will expect include Internet searches, contacting his/her family, looking in phone directories, and reaching out to former friends. Document these efforts in a journal so you will remember them.\\n1-4. List the child's property and collect documentation.\\nWhen you become an adoptive parent, you may gain rights in the child's property. This can include Social Security payments, military survivor benefits, trust funds gained through inheritance, awards in lawsuits, land or other tangible property that belongs to the child. This must be declared in the adoption petition.\\n1-5. Decide if you need a family law attorney or will represent yourself.\\nIf the absent parent is willing to consent to the adoption or is deceased, the stepchild adoption procedure is fairly straightforward, and you may be able to do it yourself. If the other parent won't consent, consider consulting with a family law attorney before you file the adoption.\\n1-6. Research the adoption fees.\\nThere will be a filing fee to apply to the court to adopt your stepchild. Those fees may be nominal (as low as $20 in California), to over $300 in Texas. Payment will be required at the time you file the petition. Other costs could include an adoption home study, attorney's fees for the child's attorney, criminal history checks, court-mandated counseling, and fees for a new birth certificate. Although it varies per state, in total, it typically costs $1500-$2500 to adopt a stepchild, even if you have the other parent's consent, and even if you don't use a lawyer (because one will often be appointed for the child). \\nAll courts have a process for waiving some or all of the filing fees. It is dependent on your family income and assets. Ask the court clerk for the procedure in your local court.\\n2. Filing Your Adoption\\n2-1. Complete your adoption petition.\\nThe petition is the legal document you will file with the court requesting the judge to allow you to adopt your stepchild. If there is more than one child, you can adopt them all at once with the same petition. An adoption petition is a precise document that must be tailored to your state. Missing a detail or not using the right forms can cause problems for you and the child later on. Therefore, it's not recommended that you write your own from scratch unless you have legal training. There are several options for the preparation of your adoption petition.\\nAsk the court clerk if they have a fill-in-the-blanks stepparent adoption package. These forms will have been vetted for accuracy and accepted by the court before in adoptions. Expect the cost to be around $10.\\nContact your local Legal Aid office to see if they have a do-it-yourself stepparent adoption package. The forms have been reviewed by an attorney and will comply with local requirements. Expect the cost to be from free-of-charge to under $10. \\nHire a local legal document preparation service or attorney who offers unbundled legal services. The cost can range from around $50 to $200 depending on the jurisdiction. This is a good option if you are petitioning the court for a stepparent adoption and you do not have the explicit consent of the absent parent.\\nOnce complete, you will file your petition, with the fee, in the courthouse of the county where you have lived with the child for at least six months. You must file in your county of residence, even if another courthouse is closer.\\n2-2. Obtain the consent of the non-custodial parent.\\nThis can either be the easiest part of the adoption process or the hardest. Your adoption package will have a form the absent parent can sign and have notarized to indicate their consent. If (s)he is willing to sign, the adoption can usually proceed with no difficulty.\\nOnce the adoption is complete, the non-custodial parent is freed from all further child support obligations. Past due support can still be collected, but no further support will accrue. \\nIf the other biological parent is deceased, this will be noted in the petition and a certified copy of the death certificate attached.\\n2-3. Adjust your adoption strategy if the other parent won't consent.\\nThere are two common scenarios where you can't get consent from the other parent. First, is that the absent parent is hostile toward the idea and refuses to consent. The second is when the absent parent is truly absent and you don't know how to contact him/her.\\nIf you believe the adoption will be hostile and contested by the other parent, you should consult with an attorney before you proceed. A non-cooperative parent seriously complicates the procedure and may result in a trial. Unless you have specific legal training and experience, the trial could not only result in denial of your adoption, but a challenge to the custodial spouse's rights of custody.\\n2-4. Attempt to locate an absent parent.\\nIf you do not have contact information for the absent parent, there is an extra set of steps you will have to go through. It is highly recommended that you consult with an attorney to make sure you know your state's requirements for dealing with a non-involved and missing parent. \\nState laws vary, and it is critical that you follow the law in your state. A good general rule is that if your child has not heard from his/her other parent for over a year, and there has been no financial support for over a year, then the court will grant your adoption. However, this is only a general rule. Local rules vary tremendously.\\nYou should make a reasonable good faith effort to locate the other parent. Reach out to family and mutual friends. Search the Internet and phone directories. Some states have a \\\"putative parent directory,\\\" where people trying to locate their children register. Document your efforts. If the judge does not believe that you were diligent, the adoption will be delayed or even dismissed.\\n2-5. Seek permission for service by publication.\\nIf your efforts to locate the absent parent fail, you can ask the court for permission for service by publication. This means that the notice will be published in whatever newspaper is most local to the biological parent's last known address. After service by publication, you can proceed with the stepparent adoption. If your court does not have a prepared form for this request, consult an attorney, document preparation service, or local Legal Aid for help. \\nOnce the judge grants permission for publication, go to the newspaper in your county authorized to print legal notices. They will help you prepare the notice for the newspaper and give you proof of publication according to your state law. The fee will be around $100 and cannot be waived by the court.\\n3. Processing and Finalizing Your Adoption\\n3-1. Attend the preliminary court hearing.\\nAfter the service period has expired, there is usually a preliminary court hearing where the judge will review the documents, note any deficiencies, and schedule the next step in the adoption.\\nThis is the absent parent's opportunity to appear. If (s)he does appear, you can either talk to him/her about consent or consider your next move if (s)he refuses. If the absent parent does not appear, you are not required to give him/her any further notice. You are also not required to make any further attempts to contact him/her unless explicitly ordered to by the judge.\\nBe sure to comply with any orders issued by the judge. If the court wants additional documentation or information, supply it as soon as possible without question. If the judge orders criminal background checks, you may be required to meet with a court officer and sign a release so they can get your information.\\n3-2. Prepare for a home study.\\nWhile home studies are usually waived in stepparent adoptions, judges still have the authority to order them. Home studies are conducted by child protective services (or whatever that agency might be called in your state). Cooperate and put your family's best foot forward by welcoming the social worker into your home and answering all of his/her questions. \\nThe court has the discretion to order a criminal background check on the adopting parent. If the adopting parent has a record of charges involving child abuse or neglect, or his or her own history of back child support or abandonment, the court will be much more unlikely to grant the adoption.\\nThe judge may or may not want to meet the children. This is completely up to the judge. Some judges do not allow young children in the courtroom at all. It is best to have child care arranged before the court hearing. Ask the judge if (s)he wants you to bring the children to the final hearing.\\nIf your child is over a certain age--usually fourteen--then the judge will have to get his or her consent in order for adoption to proceed, as well.\\n3-3. Attend the final court hearing.\\nAt this hearing, the judge will make his/her ruling on your stepparent adoption. This is also the last chance for the absent parent to appear. The judge will review the documents and ask you about your intent to adopt the child. (S)he will also ask your spouse if (s)he consents to your adoption of his/her child and changing the child's last name. If the children are present, the judge may talk to them. Upon signing of the order, you become the legal parent of your stepchild.\\nYou may be scheduled during the regular court docket. Even though this is a joyous time for you, the court may have other business to conduct. Definitely don't bring a large group, cameras, balloons, or anything else that may interfere with court operations. Judges are not a group of people known for their joviality. Save the party for later.\\nSome courts schedule special \\\"adoption dockets\\\" that are more relaxed and festive. At these special settings, judges will usually allow photos and a party-like atmosphere.\\n3-4. Change your child's birth certificate.\\nUpon receipt of the file-stamped adoption order you can file for a new birth certificate showing your child's adopted name and proceed with updating school and medical records.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Turning a modern blended family from \\\"yours, mine, and ours,\\\" into simply \\\"ours,\\\" can be accomplished through stepparent adoption. Through this procedure, the biological child of one of the spouses becomes the legal child of the other spouse. After the adoption, there is no difference in the legal status between children of another marriage and the birth children of the marriage. The word \\\"stepchild\\\" disappears into irrelevance.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing for Your Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Discuss this decision as a couple and a family.\", \"描述\": \"In the rush of happiness, it may not seem like there is any downside, but a stepparent adoption is a monumental change for your family. This adoption will legally remove one of the child's biological parents from his/her life, give him/her a new name, and transform his/her stepparent into his/her legal mom or dad. This is a huge change psychologically for the child. For the biological parent, it means agreeing to give legal rights to the child over to a new spouse.\\nConsider sessions with a family counselor. This helps to make sure everyone understands what a stepparent adoption means to the family, and helps ensure it's what the child wants.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understand the legal ramifications.\", \"描述\": \"A stepparent adoption has permanent legal consequences for the biological parent, the adopting parent, and the child. You need to understand and accept them. Consult with an attorney if you have any questions.\\nThe biological parent needs to know that this adoption makes your current spouse the child's legal parent. If you divorce, your spouse has the right to visitation and even custody. If you remarry again and want the new spouse to adopt your child, you will be seeking the consent of the adoptive parent, not the biological parent.\\nThe adopting parent takes on all legal rights and responsibilities of parenthood. If you divorce, you will be required to pay child support for your adopted stepchild. Your adopted child gains the right to a share of your estate, even if that lessens the share that goes to your biological children.\\nThe child forfeits all claims to inheritance from previous family. The absent parent, grandparents, and other relatives of the parent who gave up rights in the adoption may make voluntary gifts to the child, but there is no standing to contest a will or claim a statutory share of the estate.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Assemble your documents.\", \"描述\": \"At a minimum you will need a certified copy of the child's birth certificate, your marriage documents, and the biological parents' divorce documents (if they were married.) If the absent parent is deceased, you should get a certified copy of the death certificate.\\nIf the non-custodial parent is living, you will need an address for service of the petition. If you don't have an address, you need to make honest efforts to find it. The minimum efforts the court will expect include Internet searches, contacting his/her family, looking in phone directories, and reaching out to former friends. Document these efforts in a journal so you will remember them.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"List the child's property and collect documentation.\", \"描述\": \"When you become an adoptive parent, you may gain rights in the child's property. This can include Social Security payments, military survivor benefits, trust funds gained through inheritance, awards in lawsuits, land or other tangible property that belongs to the child. This must be declared in the adoption petition.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Decide if you need a family law attorney or will represent yourself.\", \"描述\": \"If the absent parent is willing to consent to the adoption or is deceased, the stepchild adoption procedure is fairly straightforward, and you may be able to do it yourself. If the other parent won't consent, consider consulting with a family law attorney before you file the adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Research the adoption fees.\", \"描述\": \"There will be a filing fee to apply to the court to adopt your stepchild. Those fees may be nominal (as low as $20 in California), to over $300 in Texas. Payment will be required at the time you file the petition. Other costs could include an adoption home study, attorney's fees for the child's attorney, criminal history checks, court-mandated counseling, and fees for a new birth certificate. Although it varies per state, in total, it typically costs $1500-$2500 to adopt a stepchild, even if you have the other parent's consent, and even if you don't use a lawyer (because one will often be appointed for the child). \\nAll courts have a process for waiving some or all of the filing fees. It is dependent on your family income and assets. Ask the court clerk for the procedure in your local court.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Filing Your Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete your adoption petition.\", \"描述\": \"The petition is the legal document you will file with the court requesting the judge to allow you to adopt your stepchild. If there is more than one child, you can adopt them all at once with the same petition. An adoption petition is a precise document that must be tailored to your state. Missing a detail or not using the right forms can cause problems for you and the child later on. Therefore, it's not recommended that you write your own from scratch unless you have legal training. There are several options for the preparation of your adoption petition.\\nAsk the court clerk if they have a fill-in-the-blanks stepparent adoption package. These forms will have been vetted for accuracy and accepted by the court before in adoptions. Expect the cost to be around $10.\\nContact your local Legal Aid office to see if they have a do-it-yourself stepparent adoption package. The forms have been reviewed by an attorney and will comply with local requirements. Expect the cost to be from free-of-charge to under $10. \\nHire a local legal document preparation service or attorney who offers unbundled legal services. The cost can range from around $50 to $200 depending on the jurisdiction. This is a good option if you are petitioning the court for a stepparent adoption and you do not have the explicit consent of the absent parent.\\nOnce complete, you will file your petition, with the fee, in the courthouse of the county where you have lived with the child for at least six months. You must file in your county of residence, even if another courthouse is closer.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Obtain the consent of the non-custodial parent.\", \"描述\": \"This can either be the easiest part of the adoption process or the hardest. Your adoption package will have a form the absent parent can sign and have notarized to indicate their consent. If (s)he is willing to sign, the adoption can usually proceed with no difficulty.\\nOnce the adoption is complete, the non-custodial parent is freed from all further child support obligations. Past due support can still be collected, but no further support will accrue. \\nIf the other biological parent is deceased, this will be noted in the petition and a certified copy of the death certificate attached.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adjust your adoption strategy if the other parent won't consent.\", \"描述\": \"There are two common scenarios where you can't get consent from the other parent. First, is that the absent parent is hostile toward the idea and refuses to consent. The second is when the absent parent is truly absent and you don't know how to contact him/her.\\nIf you believe the adoption will be hostile and contested by the other parent, you should consult with an attorney before you proceed. A non-cooperative parent seriously complicates the procedure and may result in a trial. Unless you have specific legal training and experience, the trial could not only result in denial of your adoption, but a challenge to the custodial spouse's rights of custody.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Attempt to locate an absent parent.\", \"描述\": \"If you do not have contact information for the absent parent, there is an extra set of steps you will have to go through. It is highly recommended that you consult with an attorney to make sure you know your state's requirements for dealing with a non-involved and missing parent. \\nState laws vary, and it is critical that you follow the law in your state. A good general rule is that if your child has not heard from his/her other parent for over a year, and there has been no financial support for over a year, then the court will grant your adoption. However, this is only a general rule. Local rules vary tremendously.\\nYou should make a reasonable good faith effort to locate the other parent. Reach out to family and mutual friends. Search the Internet and phone directories. Some states have a \\\"putative parent directory,\\\" where people trying to locate their children register. Document your efforts. If the judge does not believe that you were diligent, the adoption will be delayed or even dismissed.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Seek permission for service by publication.\", \"描述\": \"If your efforts to locate the absent parent fail, you can ask the court for permission for service by publication. This means that the notice will be published in whatever newspaper is most local to the biological parent's last known address. After service by publication, you can proceed with the stepparent adoption. If your court does not have a prepared form for this request, consult an attorney, document preparation service, or local Legal Aid for help. \\nOnce the judge grants permission for publication, go to the newspaper in your county authorized to print legal notices. They will help you prepare the notice for the newspaper and give you proof of publication according to your state law. The fee will be around $100 and cannot be waived by the court.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Processing and Finalizing Your Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attend the preliminary court hearing.\", \"描述\": \"After the service period has expired, there is usually a preliminary court hearing where the judge will review the documents, note any deficiencies, and schedule the next step in the adoption.\\nThis is the absent parent's opportunity to appear. If (s)he does appear, you can either talk to him/her about consent or consider your next move if (s)he refuses. If the absent parent does not appear, you are not required to give him/her any further notice. You are also not required to make any further attempts to contact him/her unless explicitly ordered to by the judge.\\nBe sure to comply with any orders issued by the judge. If the court wants additional documentation or information, supply it as soon as possible without question. If the judge orders criminal background checks, you may be required to meet with a court officer and sign a release so they can get your information.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Prepare for a home study.\", \"描述\": \"While home studies are usually waived in stepparent adoptions, judges still have the authority to order them. Home studies are conducted by child protective services (or whatever that agency might be called in your state). Cooperate and put your family's best foot forward by welcoming the social worker into your home and answering all of his/her questions. \\nThe court has the discretion to order a criminal background check on the adopting parent. If the adopting parent has a record of charges involving child abuse or neglect, or his or her own history of back child support or abandonment, the court will be much more unlikely to grant the adoption.\\nThe judge may or may not want to meet the children. This is completely up to the judge. Some judges do not allow young children in the courtroom at all. It is best to have child care arranged before the court hearing. Ask the judge if (s)he wants you to bring the children to the final hearing.\\nIf your child is over a certain age--usually fourteen--then the judge will have to get his or her consent in order for adoption to proceed, as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Attend the final court hearing.\", \"描述\": \"At this hearing, the judge will make his/her ruling on your stepparent adoption. This is also the last chance for the absent parent to appear. The judge will review the documents and ask you about your intent to adopt the child. (S)he will also ask your spouse if (s)he consents to your adoption of his/her child and changing the child's last name. If the children are present, the judge may talk to them. Upon signing of the order, you become the legal parent of your stepchild.\\nYou may be scheduled during the regular court docket. Even though this is a joyous time for you, the court may have other business to conduct. Definitely don't bring a large group, cameras, balloons, or anything else that may interfere with court operations. Judges are not a group of people known for their joviality. Save the party for later.\\nSome courts schedule special \\\"adoption dockets\\\" that are more relaxed and festive. At these special settings, judges will usually allow photos and a party-like atmosphere.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Change your child's birth certificate.\", \"描述\": \"Upon receipt of the file-stamped adoption order you can file for a new birth certificate showing your child's adopted name and proceed with updating school and medical records.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,494
How to Adopt a Baby from China
1. Applying to Adopt 1-1. Confirm your eligibility to adopt a Chinese baby. All Chinese adoptions are handled through the Chinese Center for Children's Welfare and Adoption (CCCWA). The CCCWA has strict requirements on who can adopt Chinese infants and children. Requirements include the following: Both parents must be over the age of 30. If both parents are over the age of 50, there can be no more than a 50-year age difference between the parents and the adopted child. Couples must be married for at least 2 years. Neither can have more than 2 divorces. You can have no more than 5 children. Your youngest child must be at least 3 years old. You must make at least $30,000 a year, plus an additional $10,000 for every child you have. Neither parent can have any major criminal history within the past 10 years, and no history of drug or alcohol abuse. Both parents must have a high school diploma or the equivalent. Both parents must be healthy and have a BMI under 40. A couple with one disabled spouse may be permitted to adopt as long as one of the spouses is healthy. 1-2. Choose an adoption agency to handle your adoption. If you want to adopt a baby from China, you are required to go through an adoption agency. The CCCWA does not accept applications directly from prospective adoptive parents. Your agency must be approved and accredited by the US and authorized by China's Central Authority to operate in China. To find accredited adoption agencies, visit https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/Intercountry-Adoption/about-adoption-service-providers/adoption-service-provider-search.html and entering your search criteria. Read carefully the materials provided to you by the adoption agency, including the fees charged. If there's something you don't understand, you might want to have an attorney who specializes in international adoptions look it over for you. 1-3. Complete your adoption application. Each adoption agency has its own application for you to fill out if you want the agency to facilitate your adoption. The application requires you to provide information about your identity, your citizenship, your education, employment, and medical history, your financial and criminal background, and your family life. Some of these forms are extensive and may take several hours to complete.Read through the application before you start filling it out, so you'll have an idea of the types of information you need. You may also be asked to include information about the types of children you're open to adopting. For example, you might indicate if you have a preference for a girl over a boy, or if you're willing to adopt children with special needs. 1-4. Gather documentation to support the information on your application. You'll need documents to prove any factual statements you made in your adoption application. These documents will be included in your application package to be sent to China. Documents must be original, authenticated by the issuing government authority, and notarized at the nearest Chinese embassy or consulate. Your caseworker will let you know what specific documents you need. Documents you might need include birth certificates; marriage certificates; divorce decrees; passports; proof of education, income, and financial status; physical exam certificates; and background check reports. You also must take at least 2 passport-style photos of each spouse and provide at least 6 family photos. 1-5. Participate in your home study. A caseworker with your adoption agency will work with you to complete a home study that evaluates your suitability as adoptive parents. The home study typically involves several interviews with everyone in your household, as well as close family members. Expect the caseworker to make several visits to your home over the course of the home study, which can take anywhere from 2 to 4 months. If your caseworker needs any additional information or documentation, they'll let you know. Do what you can to get them what they need as soon as possible to prevent any additional delays. 1-6. Fill out and submit Form 1-800A to USCIS. After you've chosen your adoption agency, apply with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services to be found suitable and eligible to adopt a child from China. Form 1-800A requires you to provide personal information as well as complete a background check. Make a copy of your completed form for your records before you send it. Download a copy of Form 1-800A at https://www.uscis.gov/i-800a. Along with your completed form, send your home study report and any other documents listed on the form. Typically, you'll fill out the form and take it to your adoption agency. The agency will then submit your form to USCIS along with the fee and required documents. As of 2019, the required fee for Form 1-800A is $775, plus an additional $85 biometric fee for each prospective adoptive parent. 1-7. Have your adoption agency submit your application package. Once USCIS has approved you as suitable adoptive parents, you're ready to begin the actual adoption process. Your adoption agency will send all of your documents and information to the CCCWA, which will start processing your application. It may take a few months for USCIS to approve you as adoptive parents. Once you're approved and your agency sends your application package to the CCCWA, it may take anywhere from 4 to 6 months for you to get information about a possible match. 1-8. Review information about a possible adoption match. The CCCWA will look over your application package and home study report to find the best available child for you. You will only get information about one child at a time. Your adoption agency will receive a package with information about the child, including their background and medical condition. You don't have to accept the first child (or any child) you're matched with. However, if you don't have a legitimate reason for refusing a child, it may be a while before the CCCWA matches you with another one. If you have any questions about the child, let your adoption agency know. They may be able to ask CCCWA and find out the information you want to know. 1-9. Let your adoption agency know your decision on the matched child. Once you and your spouse have thoroughly evaluated the information about the child, contact your caseworker. Although you're allowed to take your time making this decision, the CCCWA does require a response within 3 months. If you've decided to accept that child, you'll be ready to proceed with the adoption. You'll likely be bringing your new child home within 6 to 8 months. If you refuse the child, you do have to provide a reason. You likely won't be penalized if you have a legitimate reason, such as not being confident you can care for that child's medical conditions. 2. Traveling to China 2-1. Sign the acceptance letter to adopt the matched child. Signing the acceptance letter officially puts you on the road to adoption. Your adoption agency will submit your signed acceptance letter to the CCCWA, which will issue a "Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption." This document allows you to travel to China to pick up your child. Ask your adoption agency for a copy of the signed acceptance letter for your records. 2-2. Fill out and submit Form 1-800 for your matched child. After you've accepted your matched child, include the child's information on this form and submit it to USCIS. Your adoption agency will likely submit the form on your behalf. It may take anywhere from 2 to 4 months to process your Form-1-800. This form must be approved before you will be able to get a visa for your child to bring them back to the US. 2-3. Get your visa to enter China. Go to the nearest Chinese embassy or consulate to complete a visa application. If you're traveling to adopt a child, you'll need a Private Visit (S) Visa. Include a copy of your "Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption" along with your visa application. Your adoption agency will typically take care of this for you. Make sure your passport has at least 6 months' validity on it from the date you plan to travel to China. As of 2019, it takes approximately 4 working days to process an S Visa application. If you need your visa sooner, you can pay an extra $20 to get it in 2 or 3 days, or $30 to get it processed on the same day. 2-4. Book your travel to and from China. Even though you may be excited, don't book your travel until you have your visa, your Form I-1800 has been approved, and appointments have been set in China to complete the adoption. If anything falls through, you may have difficulty rebooking flights or canceling accommodations. Expect to spend at least 15 days in China. You will most likely fly to a major city China prefers that both parents travel to China to meet the child for the first time. However, if only one of you can travel that should be fine., such as Hong Kong, Beijing, or Guangzhou, then travel to the province where the child is located. To finalize travel documents before returning home, you'll need to stop at the US embassy in Guangzhou. Don't forget that you'll have an extra person with you on your return trip! 3. Bringing Home Your Child 3-1. Register your adoption in the province where your child lives. Once you arrive in China, you'll travel to the province where your child is located. Complete a Registration Application Letter of Foreigners Coming to China for Adoption. Submit it to the provincial department for civil affairs along with your original Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption, your signed adoption agreement, your passports, and additional passport-size photos. Provided your documents are in order, the provisional department of civil affairs will issue your Adoption Registration Certificate and Certificate of Conformity of Intercountry Adoption. 3-2. Meet your child for the first time. Either during the registration process or shortly after, you'll be able to meet your child and spend some time with them. Depending on your child's circumstances, you may also take a tour of the orphanage where they lived prior to the adoption. You'll typically have the opportunity to ask someone who was responsible for your child's care before the adoption any questions you may have. Typically, you would speak through an interpreter. This can be a good opportunity to understand more about your new child's needs. Once you meet your child, you're likely going to be ready to get back home and get started on the rest of your life. However, plan on being in China for at least another 6 to 10 days while you get the right travel documents in place for your new child. 3-3. Get new Chinese travel documents for your child. At this point, you'll likely travel to Guangzhou to complete the adoption process. Using your Adoption Registration Certificate, apply for a new birth certificate for your child and get them a Chinese passport. The new birth certificate will list you and your spouse as your child's parents. It may also provide the name you've chosen for your child if it differs from the name the child was given at birth. 3-4. Apply for an immigrant visa for your child. Once your child has a Chinese passport, you can go to the US Consulate in Guangzhou to complete the application for your child's immigrant visa. Your adoption agency may help you out with this. Before your child's immigrant visa will be approved, you must take them for a medical examination with an approved panel physician. The US State Department recommends that you use the Guangzhou Health and Quarantine Service, which is located close to the US Consulate's main office in Guangzhou. 3-5. Pick up your child's immigrant visa. It may take anywhere from 4 to 6 business days for the consulate to process your child's visa application and issue their visa. When it's ready, a consular officer will contact you to come to pick it up. When you pick up your child's visa, you'll also be given a sealed packet of documents. Do not open this package. When you reach the port of entry in the US, you must give this package to a customs agent sealed and intact. 3-6. Return to the US with your child. When you travel back to the US, you'll have to take your new child through US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) at the port of entry. Provide the CBP officer with your child's Chinese passport, visa, and sealed Immigrant Data Summary package that was given to you with your child's visa. The CBP officer will keep the sealed package. Those documents will be forwarded to USCIS for inclusion in your child's official immigration record. 3-7. Order a Certificate of Citizenship for your child. Because Chinese adoptions are legally completed in China, your child is automatically a citizen of the US. Typically, a Certificate of Citizenship will be automatically mailed to you. However, you can order one if you think you're going to need it sooner. If you want to order a Certificate of Citizenship, fill out Form N600 and submit it to the USCIS at the address listed on the form. As of 2019, you must pay $1170 for any certificates you order. You can download the required form at https://www.uscis.gov/n-600. 3-8. Complete and send post-adoption reports. The CCWA requires adoptive parents to submit post-placement reports 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years after the adoption registration. The first 3 reports must be completed by the caseworker who originally prepared your home study report. You can write the last 3 reports yourself. The post-adoption report is similar to a home study in many ways, but it isn't as in-depth or time-consuming. Your adoption agency will have additional information on the requirements for post-adoption reports. Tips Before you travel to China, find out if your employer offers any adoption incentives, such as paid time off after you've adopted a child. Warnings This article discusses how to adopt a child from China if you live in the US. If you live in another country, the process will likely be similar. However, your country will have its own forms and legal processes for finalizing the adoption and citizenship for your child. Consult a local adoption attorney for more information. You are typically only allowed to adopt one child from China, although exceptions may be made for twins. If you want to adopt a second child from China, you must wait at least one year after your first adoption and submit a new application.[20] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:28", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Applying to Adopt\\n1-1. Confirm your eligibility to adopt a Chinese baby.\\nAll Chinese adoptions are handled through the Chinese Center for Children's Welfare and Adoption (CCCWA). The CCCWA has strict requirements on who can adopt Chinese infants and children. Requirements include the following:\\nBoth parents must be over the age of 30. If both parents are over the age of 50, there can be no more than a 50-year age difference between the parents and the adopted child.\\nCouples must be married for at least 2 years. Neither can have more than 2 divorces.\\nYou can have no more than 5 children. Your youngest child must be at least 3 years old.\\nYou must make at least $30,000 a year, plus an additional $10,000 for every child you have.\\nNeither parent can have any major criminal history within the past 10 years, and no history of drug or alcohol abuse.\\nBoth parents must have a high school diploma or the equivalent.\\nBoth parents must be healthy and have a BMI under 40. A couple with one disabled spouse may be permitted to adopt as long as one of the spouses is healthy.\\n1-2. Choose an adoption agency to handle your adoption.\\nIf you want to adopt a baby from China, you are required to go through an adoption agency. The CCCWA does not accept applications directly from prospective adoptive parents. Your agency must be approved and accredited by the US and authorized by China's Central Authority to operate in China.\\nTo find accredited adoption agencies, visit https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/Intercountry-Adoption/about-adoption-service-providers/adoption-service-provider-search.html and entering your search criteria.\\nRead carefully the materials provided to you by the adoption agency, including the fees charged. If there's something you don't understand, you might want to have an attorney who specializes in international adoptions look it over for you.\\n1-3. Complete your adoption application.\\nEach adoption agency has its own application for you to fill out if you want the agency to facilitate your adoption. The application requires you to provide information about your identity, your citizenship, your education, employment, and medical history, your financial and criminal background, and your family life.\\nSome of these forms are extensive and may take several hours to complete.Read through the application before you start filling it out, so you'll have an idea of the types of information you need.\\nYou may also be asked to include information about the types of children you're open to adopting. For example, you might indicate if you have a preference for a girl over a boy, or if you're willing to adopt children with special needs.\\n1-4. Gather documentation to support the information on your application.\\nYou'll need documents to prove any factual statements you made in your adoption application. These documents will be included in your application package to be sent to China. Documents must be original, authenticated by the issuing government authority, and notarized at the nearest Chinese embassy or consulate. Your caseworker will let you know what specific documents you need. \\nDocuments you might need include birth certificates; marriage certificates; divorce decrees; passports; proof of education, income, and financial status; physical exam certificates; and background check reports.\\nYou also must take at least 2 passport-style photos of each spouse and provide at least 6 family photos.\\n1-5. Participate in your home study.\\nA caseworker with your adoption agency will work with you to complete a home study that evaluates your suitability as adoptive parents. The home study typically involves several interviews with everyone in your household, as well as close family members. Expect the caseworker to make several visits to your home over the course of the home study, which can take anywhere from 2 to 4 months. \\nIf your caseworker needs any additional information or documentation, they'll let you know. Do what you can to get them what they need as soon as possible to prevent any additional delays.\\n1-6. Fill out and submit Form 1-800A to USCIS.\\nAfter you've chosen your adoption agency, apply with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services to be found suitable and eligible to adopt a child from China. Form 1-800A requires you to provide personal information as well as complete a background check. Make a copy of your completed form for your records before you send it.\\nDownload a copy of Form 1-800A at https://www.uscis.gov/i-800a.\\nAlong with your completed form, send your home study report and any other documents listed on the form. Typically, you'll fill out the form and take it to your adoption agency. The agency will then submit your form to USCIS along with the fee and required documents. As of 2019, the required fee for Form 1-800A is $775, plus an additional $85 biometric fee for each prospective adoptive parent.\\n1-7. Have your adoption agency submit your application package.\\nOnce USCIS has approved you as suitable adoptive parents, you're ready to begin the actual adoption process. Your adoption agency will send all of your documents and information to the CCCWA, which will start processing your application. \\nIt may take a few months for USCIS to approve you as adoptive parents. Once you're approved and your agency sends your application package to the CCCWA, it may take anywhere from 4 to 6 months for you to get information about a possible match.\\n1-8. Review information about a possible adoption match.\\nThe CCCWA will look over your application package and home study report to find the best available child for you. You will only get information about one child at a time. Your adoption agency will receive a package with information about the child, including their background and medical condition.\\nYou don't have to accept the first child (or any child) you're matched with. However, if you don't have a legitimate reason for refusing a child, it may be a while before the CCCWA matches you with another one.\\nIf you have any questions about the child, let your adoption agency know. They may be able to ask CCCWA and find out the information you want to know.\\n1-9. Let your adoption agency know your decision on the matched child.\\nOnce you and your spouse have thoroughly evaluated the information about the child, contact your caseworker. Although you're allowed to take your time making this decision, the CCCWA does require a response within 3 months.\\nIf you've decided to accept that child, you'll be ready to proceed with the adoption. You'll likely be bringing your new child home within 6 to 8 months.\\nIf you refuse the child, you do have to provide a reason. You likely won't be penalized if you have a legitimate reason, such as not being confident you can care for that child's medical conditions.\\n2. Traveling to China\\n2-1. Sign the acceptance letter to adopt the matched child.\\nSigning the acceptance letter officially puts you on the road to adoption. Your adoption agency will submit your signed acceptance letter to the CCCWA, which will issue a \\\"Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption.\\\" This document allows you to travel to China to pick up your child. \\nAsk your adoption agency for a copy of the signed acceptance letter for your records.\\n2-2. Fill out and submit Form 1-800 for your matched child.\\nAfter you've accepted your matched child, include the child's information on this form and submit it to USCIS. Your adoption agency will likely submit the form on your behalf.\\nIt may take anywhere from 2 to 4 months to process your Form-1-800. This form must be approved before you will be able to get a visa for your child to bring them back to the US.\\n2-3. Get your visa to enter China.\\nGo to the nearest Chinese embassy or consulate to complete a visa application. If you're traveling to adopt a child, you'll need a Private Visit (S) Visa. Include a copy of your \\\"Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption\\\" along with your visa application. Your adoption agency will typically take care of this for you.\\nMake sure your passport has at least 6 months' validity on it from the date you plan to travel to China.\\nAs of 2019, it takes approximately 4 working days to process an S Visa application. If you need your visa sooner, you can pay an extra $20 to get it in 2 or 3 days, or $30 to get it processed on the same day.\\n2-4. Book your travel to and from China.\\nEven though you may be excited, don't book your travel until you have your visa, your Form I-1800 has been approved, and appointments have been set in China to complete the adoption. If anything falls through, you may have difficulty rebooking flights or canceling accommodations.\\nExpect to spend at least 15 days in China. You will most likely fly to a major city\\nChina prefers that both parents travel to China to meet the child for the first time. However, if only one of you can travel that should be fine., such as Hong Kong, Beijing, or Guangzhou, then travel to the province where the child is located. To finalize travel documents before returning home, you'll need to stop at the US embassy in Guangzhou.\\nDon't forget that you'll have an extra person with you on your return trip!\\n3. Bringing Home Your Child\\n3-1. Register your adoption in the province where your child lives.\\nOnce you arrive in China, you'll travel to the province where your child is located. Complete a Registration Application Letter of Foreigners Coming to China for Adoption. Submit it to the provincial department for civil affairs along with your original Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption, your signed adoption agreement, your passports, and additional passport-size photos. \\nProvided your documents are in order, the provisional department of civil affairs will issue your Adoption Registration Certificate and Certificate of Conformity of Intercountry Adoption.\\n3-2. Meet your child for the first time.\\nEither during the registration process or shortly after, you'll be able to meet your child and spend some time with them. Depending on your child's circumstances, you may also take a tour of the orphanage where they lived prior to the adoption.\\nYou'll typically have the opportunity to ask someone who was responsible for your child's care before the adoption any questions you may have. Typically, you would speak through an interpreter. This can be a good opportunity to understand more about your new child's needs.\\nOnce you meet your child, you're likely going to be ready to get back home and get started on the rest of your life. However, plan on being in China for at least another 6 to 10 days while you get the right travel documents in place for your new child.\\n3-3. Get new Chinese travel documents for your child.\\nAt this point, you'll likely travel to Guangzhou to complete the adoption process. Using your Adoption Registration Certificate, apply for a new birth certificate for your child and get them a Chinese passport.\\nThe new birth certificate will list you and your spouse as your child's parents. It may also provide the name you've chosen for your child if it differs from the name the child was given at birth.\\n3-4. Apply for an immigrant visa for your child.\\nOnce your child has a Chinese passport, you can go to the US Consulate in Guangzhou to complete the application for your child's immigrant visa. Your adoption agency may help you out with this.\\nBefore your child's immigrant visa will be approved, you must take them for a medical examination with an approved panel physician. The US State Department recommends that you use the Guangzhou Health and Quarantine Service, which is located close to the US Consulate's main office in Guangzhou.\\n3-5. Pick up your child's immigrant visa.\\nIt may take anywhere from 4 to 6 business days for the consulate to process your child's visa application and issue their visa. When it's ready, a consular officer will contact you to come to pick it up.\\nWhen you pick up your child's visa, you'll also be given a sealed packet of documents. Do not open this package. When you reach the port of entry in the US, you must give this package to a customs agent sealed and intact.\\n3-6. Return to the US with your child.\\nWhen you travel back to the US, you'll have to take your new child through US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) at the port of entry. Provide the CBP officer with your child's Chinese passport, visa, and sealed Immigrant Data Summary package that was given to you with your child's visa.\\nThe CBP officer will keep the sealed package. Those documents will be forwarded to USCIS for inclusion in your child's official immigration record.\\n3-7. Order a Certificate of Citizenship for your child.\\nBecause Chinese adoptions are legally completed in China, your child is automatically a citizen of the US. Typically, a Certificate of Citizenship will be automatically mailed to you. However, you can order one if you think you're going to need it sooner.\\nIf you want to order a Certificate of Citizenship, fill out Form N600 and submit it to the USCIS at the address listed on the form. As of 2019, you must pay $1170 for any certificates you order. You can download the required form at https://www.uscis.gov/n-600.\\n3-8. Complete and send post-adoption reports.\\nThe CCWA requires adoptive parents to submit post-placement reports 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years after the adoption registration. The first 3 reports must be completed by the caseworker who originally prepared your home study report. You can write the last 3 reports yourself.\\nThe post-adoption report is similar to a home study in many ways, but it isn't as in-depth or time-consuming. Your adoption agency will have additional information on the requirements for post-adoption reports.\\nTips\\nBefore you travel to China, find out if your employer offers any adoption incentives, such as paid time off after you've adopted a child.\\nWarnings\\nThis article discusses how to adopt a child from China if you live in the US. If you live in another country, the process will likely be similar. However, your country will have its own forms and legal processes for finalizing the adoption and citizenship for your child. Consult a local adoption attorney for more information.\\nYou are typically only allowed to adopt one child from China, although exceptions may be made for twins. If you want to adopt a second child from China, you must wait at least one year after your first adoption and submit a new application.[20]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you're thinking about adopting a baby from China, you're not alone. In 2018, 1,475 Chinese children were adopted by American parents. The US is one of 17 countries that has an intercountry-adoption agreement with China. Adopting a baby from China may take more than a year and cost between $30,000 and $50,000 US, but any parent would tell you the result was well worth the time, effort, and expense.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Applying to Adopt\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Confirm your eligibility to adopt a Chinese baby.\", \"描述\": \"All Chinese adoptions are handled through the Chinese Center for Children's Welfare and Adoption (CCCWA). The CCCWA has strict requirements on who can adopt Chinese infants and children. Requirements include the following:\\nBoth parents must be over the age of 30. If both parents are over the age of 50, there can be no more than a 50-year age difference between the parents and the adopted child.\\nCouples must be married for at least 2 years. Neither can have more than 2 divorces.\\nYou can have no more than 5 children. Your youngest child must be at least 3 years old.\\nYou must make at least $30,000 a year, plus an additional $10,000 for every child you have.\\nNeither parent can have any major criminal history within the past 10 years, and no history of drug or alcohol abuse.\\nBoth parents must have a high school diploma or the equivalent.\\nBoth parents must be healthy and have a BMI under 40. A couple with one disabled spouse may be permitted to adopt as long as one of the spouses is healthy.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose an adoption agency to handle your adoption.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to adopt a baby from China, you are required to go through an adoption agency. The CCCWA does not accept applications directly from prospective adoptive parents. Your agency must be approved and accredited by the US and authorized by China's Central Authority to operate in China.\\nTo find accredited adoption agencies, visit https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/Intercountry-Adoption/about-adoption-service-providers/adoption-service-provider-search.html and entering your search criteria.\\nRead carefully the materials provided to you by the adoption agency, including the fees charged. If there's something you don't understand, you might want to have an attorney who specializes in international adoptions look it over for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Complete your adoption application.\", \"描述\": \"Each adoption agency has its own application for you to fill out if you want the agency to facilitate your adoption. The application requires you to provide information about your identity, your citizenship, your education, employment, and medical history, your financial and criminal background, and your family life.\\nSome of these forms are extensive and may take several hours to complete.Read through the application before you start filling it out, so you'll have an idea of the types of information you need.\\nYou may also be asked to include information about the types of children you're open to adopting. For example, you might indicate if you have a preference for a girl over a boy, or if you're willing to adopt children with special needs.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Gather documentation to support the information on your application.\", \"描述\": \"You'll need documents to prove any factual statements you made in your adoption application. These documents will be included in your application package to be sent to China. Documents must be original, authenticated by the issuing government authority, and notarized at the nearest Chinese embassy or consulate. Your caseworker will let you know what specific documents you need. \\nDocuments you might need include birth certificates; marriage certificates; divorce decrees; passports; proof of education, income, and financial status; physical exam certificates; and background check reports.\\nYou also must take at least 2 passport-style photos of each spouse and provide at least 6 family photos.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Participate in your home study.\", \"描述\": \"A caseworker with your adoption agency will work with you to complete a home study that evaluates your suitability as adoptive parents. The home study typically involves several interviews with everyone in your household, as well as close family members. Expect the caseworker to make several visits to your home over the course of the home study, which can take anywhere from 2 to 4 months. \\nIf your caseworker needs any additional information or documentation, they'll let you know. Do what you can to get them what they need as soon as possible to prevent any additional delays.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Fill out and submit Form 1-800A to USCIS.\", \"描述\": \"After you've chosen your adoption agency, apply with U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services to be found suitable and eligible to adopt a child from China. Form 1-800A requires you to provide personal information as well as complete a background check. Make a copy of your completed form for your records before you send it.\\nDownload a copy of Form 1-800A at https://www.uscis.gov/i-800a.\\nAlong with your completed form, send your home study report and any other documents listed on the form. Typically, you'll fill out the form and take it to your adoption agency. The agency will then submit your form to USCIS along with the fee and required documents. As of 2019, the required fee for Form 1-800A is $775, plus an additional $85 biometric fee for each prospective adoptive parent.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Have your adoption agency submit your application package.\", \"描述\": \"Once USCIS has approved you as suitable adoptive parents, you're ready to begin the actual adoption process. Your adoption agency will send all of your documents and information to the CCCWA, which will start processing your application. \\nIt may take a few months for USCIS to approve you as adoptive parents. Once you're approved and your agency sends your application package to the CCCWA, it may take anywhere from 4 to 6 months for you to get information about a possible match.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Review information about a possible adoption match.\", \"描述\": \"The CCCWA will look over your application package and home study report to find the best available child for you. You will only get information about one child at a time. Your adoption agency will receive a package with information about the child, including their background and medical condition.\\nYou don't have to accept the first child (or any child) you're matched with. However, if you don't have a legitimate reason for refusing a child, it may be a while before the CCCWA matches you with another one.\\nIf you have any questions about the child, let your adoption agency know. They may be able to ask CCCWA and find out the information you want to know.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Let your adoption agency know your decision on the matched child.\", \"描述\": \"Once you and your spouse have thoroughly evaluated the information about the child, contact your caseworker. Although you're allowed to take your time making this decision, the CCCWA does require a response within 3 months.\\nIf you've decided to accept that child, you'll be ready to proceed with the adoption. You'll likely be bringing your new child home within 6 to 8 months.\\nIf you refuse the child, you do have to provide a reason. You likely won't be penalized if you have a legitimate reason, such as not being confident you can care for that child's medical conditions.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Traveling to China\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sign the acceptance letter to adopt the matched child.\", \"描述\": \"Signing the acceptance letter officially puts you on the road to adoption. Your adoption agency will submit your signed acceptance letter to the CCCWA, which will issue a \\\"Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption.\\\" This document allows you to travel to China to pick up your child. \\nAsk your adoption agency for a copy of the signed acceptance letter for your records.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fill out and submit Form 1-800 for your matched child.\", \"描述\": \"After you've accepted your matched child, include the child's information on this form and submit it to USCIS. Your adoption agency will likely submit the form on your behalf.\\nIt may take anywhere from 2 to 4 months to process your Form-1-800. This form must be approved before you will be able to get a visa for your child to bring them back to the US.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get your visa to enter China.\", \"描述\": \"Go to the nearest Chinese embassy or consulate to complete a visa application. If you're traveling to adopt a child, you'll need a Private Visit (S) Visa. Include a copy of your \\\"Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption\\\" along with your visa application. Your adoption agency will typically take care of this for you.\\nMake sure your passport has at least 6 months' validity on it from the date you plan to travel to China.\\nAs of 2019, it takes approximately 4 working days to process an S Visa application. If you need your visa sooner, you can pay an extra $20 to get it in 2 or 3 days, or $30 to get it processed on the same day.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Book your travel to and from China.\", \"描述\": \"Even though you may be excited, don't book your travel until you have your visa, your Form I-1800 has been approved, and appointments have been set in China to complete the adoption. If anything falls through, you may have difficulty rebooking flights or canceling accommodations.\\nExpect to spend at least 15 days in China. You will most likely fly to a major city\\nChina prefers that both parents travel to China to meet the child for the first time. However, if only one of you can travel that should be fine., such as Hong Kong, Beijing, or Guangzhou, then travel to the province where the child is located. To finalize travel documents before returning home, you'll need to stop at the US embassy in Guangzhou.\\nDon't forget that you'll have an extra person with you on your return trip!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Bringing Home Your Child\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Register your adoption in the province where your child lives.\", \"描述\": \"Once you arrive in China, you'll travel to the province where your child is located. Complete a Registration Application Letter of Foreigners Coming to China for Adoption. Submit it to the provincial department for civil affairs along with your original Notice of Traveling to China for Adoption, your signed adoption agreement, your passports, and additional passport-size photos. \\nProvided your documents are in order, the provisional department of civil affairs will issue your Adoption Registration Certificate and Certificate of Conformity of Intercountry Adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meet your child for the first time.\", \"描述\": \"Either during the registration process or shortly after, you'll be able to meet your child and spend some time with them. Depending on your child's circumstances, you may also take a tour of the orphanage where they lived prior to the adoption.\\nYou'll typically have the opportunity to ask someone who was responsible for your child's care before the adoption any questions you may have. Typically, you would speak through an interpreter. This can be a good opportunity to understand more about your new child's needs.\\nOnce you meet your child, you're likely going to be ready to get back home and get started on the rest of your life. However, plan on being in China for at least another 6 to 10 days while you get the right travel documents in place for your new child.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get new Chinese travel documents for your child.\", \"描述\": \"At this point, you'll likely travel to Guangzhou to complete the adoption process. Using your Adoption Registration Certificate, apply for a new birth certificate for your child and get them a Chinese passport.\\nThe new birth certificate will list you and your spouse as your child's parents. It may also provide the name you've chosen for your child if it differs from the name the child was given at birth.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply for an immigrant visa for your child.\", \"描述\": \"Once your child has a Chinese passport, you can go to the US Consulate in Guangzhou to complete the application for your child's immigrant visa. Your adoption agency may help you out with this.\\nBefore your child's immigrant visa will be approved, you must take them for a medical examination with an approved panel physician. The US State Department recommends that you use the Guangzhou Health and Quarantine Service, which is located close to the US Consulate's main office in Guangzhou.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pick up your child's immigrant visa.\", \"描述\": \"It may take anywhere from 4 to 6 business days for the consulate to process your child's visa application and issue their visa. When it's ready, a consular officer will contact you to come to pick it up.\\nWhen you pick up your child's visa, you'll also be given a sealed packet of documents. Do not open this package. When you reach the port of entry in the US, you must give this package to a customs agent sealed and intact.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Return to the US with your child.\", \"描述\": \"When you travel back to the US, you'll have to take your new child through US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) at the port of entry. Provide the CBP officer with your child's Chinese passport, visa, and sealed Immigrant Data Summary package that was given to you with your child's visa.\\nThe CBP officer will keep the sealed package. Those documents will be forwarded to USCIS for inclusion in your child's official immigration record.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Order a Certificate of Citizenship for your child.\", \"描述\": \"Because Chinese adoptions are legally completed in China, your child is automatically a citizen of the US. Typically, a Certificate of Citizenship will be automatically mailed to you. However, you can order one if you think you're going to need it sooner.\\nIf you want to order a Certificate of Citizenship, fill out Form N600 and submit it to the USCIS at the address listed on the form. As of 2019, you must pay $1170 for any certificates you order. You can download the required form at https://www.uscis.gov/n-600.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Complete and send post-adoption reports.\", \"描述\": \"The CCWA requires adoptive parents to submit post-placement reports 6 months, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years after the adoption registration. The first 3 reports must be completed by the caseworker who originally prepared your home study report. You can write the last 3 reports yourself.\\nThe post-adoption report is similar to a home study in many ways, but it isn't as in-depth or time-consuming. Your adoption agency will have additional information on the requirements for post-adoption reports.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Before you travel to China, find out if your employer offers any adoption incentives, such as paid time off after you've adopted a child.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"This article discusses how to adopt a child from China if you live in the US. If you live in another country, the process will likely be similar. However, your country will have its own forms and legal processes for finalizing the adoption and citizenship for your child. Consult a local adoption attorney for more information.\\n\", \"You are typically only allowed to adopt one child from China, although exceptions may be made for twins. If you want to adopt a second child from China, you must wait at least one year after your first adoption and submit a new application.[20]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,495
How to Adopt a Child
1. Meeting the Basic Requirements 1-1. Provide evidence of good physical and mental health. Any adoption agency that you work with will want you to demonstrate that you are in good health. If you have a chronic health condition you will need a letter from your doctor stating that you are physically capable of caring for a child. Some states in the U.S. will also need a doctor’s word that you will likely live to see the child reach the age of 16. If you have ever been on medication for a mental illness you will need a doctor’s letter stating that you are mentally stable. All members of the household must also be considered mentally stable by a medical professional. If you are pursuing an independent adoption, you might need to provide your attorney with this information. In the US, laws vary from state to state, but independent adoptions are typically bound by the same regulations as agency adoptions. 1-2. Share your criminal history. Typically, you will need local and federal clearance to adopt a child. This will vary from country to country. In the U.S., for example, you will be subject to a background check by both your state and the FBI. If you have an arrest on your record, you will need to write a letter explaining it. In some cases, the court might require some type of rehabilitation process. Some criminal charges might keep you from ever adopting a child. For example, you would not be allowed to adopt with a history of child abuse. 1-3. Disclose your financial information. In order to adopt, you will probably need to be able to demonstrate that you are financially stable. This is an important indicator that you are capable of caring for a child. Depending on where you live, an agency will perform an assessment of your finances. There is generally not an income minimum that you have to meet, but you will need to show that you don’t have severe financial problems. You will also need to provide proof of comprehensive health insurance coverage. 1-4. Give information about your home environment. The agency will want to know some personal information about you. This isn’t meant to be invasive, it’s simply a way to help make sure the child would be going to a good home. You’ll need to provide details about your marital history, as well as background information about every member of your household. In some cases, you might also be asked to provide letters of support from close friends or family. These letters will be a great way for you to showcase what a great parent you will be! For an independent adoption, your attorney should help you through this process. 2. Deciding to Which Adoption Path to Pursue 2-1. Choose to adopt a child in care if you would like a less expensive process. There are many children who are in foster care and need a good home. To start the process, you'll need to find a local agency to work with. You might even want to begin by being a foster parent yourself, and if you connect with the child you could then decide to move forward with adoption. In the U.S., you can contact a local agency which will help you start the process. Other countries will likely have similar programs. You can also start by checking with your local government. One of the benefits of adopting a child in care is that it costs very little or nothing. A negative is that it can be a very lengthy and frustrating process. Consider adopting an older child. Most people want to adopt infants, and there are more prospective parents than there are babies. The process might move more quickly if you’re open to an older child. This path is also known as public agency adoption. 2-2. Look into licensed private agency adoption if you might want an open adoption. Another option is pursuing a private adoption. In this situation, birth parents release their legal rights to the child to a licensed agency. The agency then works to match the child with prospective parents. This path costs more than public adoption and be quite expensive. One of the benefits of private adoption is that you may be able to choose to have an open adoption. This means that you will get an opportunity to meet and spend time with the birth parents. You can all decide together whether the birth parents will play a role in the child’s life. You should know that birth parents do not actually relinquish their legal rights until after birth. This means that they could change their minds about placing the child up for adoption. 2-3. Pursue an independent adoption if you know a potential birth parent. You will need to work with an attorney to begin the process of an independent adoption. In most cases, you, the prospective parent, will have identified a birth parent that you would like to work with. Sometimes, an attorney might be helping a birth parent find an appropriate person to adopt their child. Each state and country have different laws for this process. To get started, contact an attorney who has experience in this area. 2-4. Research inter-country adoption if you are open to a child from a different background. No matter where you live, adopting a child from another country is typically a more complicated process than a domestic adoption. You will need to follow the laws from both your home country and the country where the child is from. In many cases, you will not receive much information on the child’s background or medical history. You’ll want to work with a pediatrician who has a lot of experience evaluating the health of kids coming from an unknown background. Remember that when you adopt a child from another country, you’ll need to take into account possible differences in language and culture. You may or may not decide to visit the country where the child comes from before you take the child home. 2-5. Pursue domestic adoption if you are concerned about the child's medical background. One of the benefits of domestic adoption is that you will be much more likely to be able to access information about the medical background of the child. Health care systems vary from country to country. It will be much easier to access information when you are already familiar with the system of your own country. You might also want to pursue a domestic adoption if you strongly prefer an infant to an older child. The domestic process makes it more likely that an infant will be placed with you. 3. Going Through the Legal Process 3-1. Select an adoption services provider. You will need help navigating the legalities of adoption. You can choose to work through a public or private adoption agency, and ask them to help you understand the laws. Another option is to immediately hire an experienced adoption attorney. Remember that the laws will differ depending on where you live and which path you are pursuing. If you are working with an agency, it is a good idea to ask them to provide you with three references from people whom they have previously helped. It is also smart to do your own research. For example, in the U.S. you can contact Adopt US Kids to learn about different state laws, the reputation of agencies, and to learn about reputable attorneys. 3-2. Participate in a home study. This is another instance where the process will vary depending on which country or state you live in. Typically, no matter what type of adoption you are pursuing, a home study will be required. The home study phase will include you receiving educational materials about adoption, participating in interviews, and answering a lot of questions about your ability to care for a child. In many cases, someone from the agency you are working with will make at least one visit to your home. They will want to take a look at the environment where you will be bringing the child you adopt. 3-3. Go through the placement process. Once you have been approved to adopt a child, the placement process will begin. If you are working with a public agency you might be able to attend adoption events where you meet children waiting to be adopted. The agency might also send you pictures or videos of kids you might want to adopt. This will all depend on your preferences and the children who are available to adopt. If you are pursuing a private adoption, your attorney will begin connecting you with potential birth parents. There’s no standard timeline that this process will follow. But it does typically take months, and oftentimes, years. 3-4. File the required legal documents. In most countries, adoptions need to be finalized in court. In order to become the child’s legal parent you will need to file the appropriate documents with the court. Your agency or attorney will be able to help you with this process. 4. Making Sure You are Ready to Adopt 4-1. Write down your reasons for wanting to adopt a child. Before you begin the adoption process you’ll want to make sure that you are prepared emotionally and financially to begin the process. Spend some time thinking about why you want to adopt a child. It’s a good idea to write down your reasons and reflect on them. You might write down that you want to provide a child with a good home. You might also note that you feel that you are ready to love and take care of a child. Don’t adopt a child if you are doing so to try to fix another relationship in your life. Another bad reason is that you are trying to fulfill some societal expectation. 4-2. Make sure you have a support system. You’ve heard the saying that it takes a village to raise a child. You might not need an entire village, but you will absolutely need support. If you are in a relationship, make sure that you and your partner are on the same page. An adoption won’t work if you are not both committed. Talk openly and honestly about your thoughts on how to raise kids. Show your hopes and fears about how a child will change your life. You should also talk to other family members. You want your child to be able to grow up in a loving and supportive family. Communicate your desire to adopt, and ask for their support. 4-3. Ask yourself if you are ready for the responsibility. You’ll need to think long term before you begin the adoption process. If you adopt a baby, you’ll need to be thinking 18 years into the future. Consider things such as: Whether you will raise your child in a certain religion. What type of child care provider you will use and how much you can afford to pay. How you want your child to be educated. 4-4. Consider whether you are ready to go through the lengthy process. Adoption can be one of the most rewarding things you will ever do. However, it is important to be aware that the process can be lengthy and even frustrating. You might, for example, become attached to a foster child who is eventually reunited with their birth parents. Be prepared to deal with this sort of challenge. Understand that many adoptions can also be financially costly. Tips Ask for advice from friends or family who have adopted. Keep an open mind about what type of adoption you want to pursue. Be prepared for an emotional process.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:28", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting the Basic Requirements\\n1-1. Provide evidence of good physical and mental health.\\nAny adoption agency that you work with will want you to demonstrate that you are in good health. If you have a chronic health condition you will need a letter from your doctor stating that you are physically capable of caring for a child. Some states in the U.S. will also need a doctor’s word that you will likely live to see the child reach the age of 16.\\nIf you have ever been on medication for a mental illness you will need a doctor’s letter stating that you are mentally stable. All members of the household must also be considered mentally stable by a medical professional.\\nIf you are pursuing an independent adoption, you might need to provide your attorney with this information. In the US, laws vary from state to state, but independent adoptions are typically bound by the same regulations as agency adoptions.\\n1-2. Share your criminal history.\\nTypically, you will need local and federal clearance to adopt a child. This will vary from country to country. In the U.S., for example, you will be subject to a background check by both your state and the FBI. If you have an arrest on your record, you will need to write a letter explaining it. In some cases, the court might require some type of rehabilitation process.\\nSome criminal charges might keep you from ever adopting a child. For example, you would not be allowed to adopt with a history of child abuse.\\n1-3. Disclose your financial information.\\nIn order to adopt, you will probably need to be able to demonstrate that you are financially stable. This is an important indicator that you are capable of caring for a child. Depending on where you live, an agency will perform an assessment of your finances. There is generally not an income minimum that you have to meet, but you will need to show that you don’t have severe financial problems.\\nYou will also need to provide proof of comprehensive health insurance coverage.\\n1-4. Give information about your home environment.\\nThe agency will want to know some personal information about you. This isn’t meant to be invasive, it’s simply a way to help make sure the child would be going to a good home. You’ll need to provide details about your marital history, as well as background information about every member of your household.\\nIn some cases, you might also be asked to provide letters of support from close friends or family. These letters will be a great way for you to showcase what a great parent you will be!\\nFor an independent adoption, your attorney should help you through this process.\\n2. Deciding to Which Adoption Path to Pursue\\n2-1. Choose to adopt a child in care if you would like a less expensive process.\\nThere are many children who are in foster care and need a good home. To start the process, you'll need to find a local agency to work with. You might even want to begin by being a foster parent yourself, and if you connect with the child you could then decide to move forward with adoption. In the U.S., you can contact a local agency which will help you start the process. Other countries will likely have similar programs. You can also start by checking with your local government.\\nOne of the benefits of adopting a child in care is that it costs very little or nothing. A negative is that it can be a very lengthy and frustrating process.\\nConsider adopting an older child. Most people want to adopt infants, and there are more prospective parents than there are babies. The process might move more quickly if you’re open to an older child.\\nThis path is also known as public agency adoption.\\n2-2. Look into licensed private agency adoption if you might want an open adoption.\\nAnother option is pursuing a private adoption. In this situation, birth parents release their legal rights to the child to a licensed agency. The agency then works to match the child with prospective parents. This path costs more than public adoption and be quite expensive.\\nOne of the benefits of private adoption is that you may be able to choose to have an open adoption. This means that you will get an opportunity to meet and spend time with the birth parents. You can all decide together whether the birth parents will play a role in the child’s life.\\nYou should know that birth parents do not actually relinquish their legal rights until after birth. This means that they could change their minds about placing the child up for adoption.\\n2-3. Pursue an independent adoption if you know a potential birth parent.\\nYou will need to work with an attorney to begin the process of an independent adoption. In most cases, you, the prospective parent, will have identified a birth parent that you would like to work with. Sometimes, an attorney might be helping a birth parent find an appropriate person to adopt their child. Each state and country have different laws for this process.\\nTo get started, contact an attorney who has experience in this area.\\n2-4. Research inter-country adoption if you are open to a child from a different background.\\nNo matter where you live, adopting a child from another country is typically a more complicated process than a domestic adoption. You will need to follow the laws from both your home country and the country where the child is from. In many cases, you will not receive much information on the child’s background or medical history. You’ll want to work with a pediatrician who has a lot of experience evaluating the health of kids coming from an unknown background.\\nRemember that when you adopt a child from another country, you’ll need to take into account possible differences in language and culture.\\nYou may or may not decide to visit the country where the child comes from before you take the child home.\\n2-5. Pursue domestic adoption if you are concerned about the child's medical background.\\nOne of the benefits of domestic adoption is that you will be much more likely to be able to access information about the medical background of the child. Health care systems vary from country to country. It will be much easier to access information when you are already familiar with the system of your own country.\\nYou might also want to pursue a domestic adoption if you strongly prefer an infant to an older child. The domestic process makes it more likely that an infant will be placed with you.\\n3. Going Through the Legal Process\\n3-1. Select an adoption services provider.\\nYou will need help navigating the legalities of adoption. You can choose to work through a public or private adoption agency, and ask them to help you understand the laws. Another option is to immediately hire an experienced adoption attorney. Remember that the laws will differ depending on where you live and which path you are pursuing.\\nIf you are working with an agency, it is a good idea to ask them to provide you with three references from people whom they have previously helped.\\nIt is also smart to do your own research. For example, in the U.S. you can contact Adopt US Kids to learn about different state laws, the reputation of agencies, and to learn about reputable attorneys.\\n3-2. Participate in a home study.\\nThis is another instance where the process will vary depending on which country or state you live in. Typically, no matter what type of adoption you are pursuing, a home study will be required. The home study phase will include you receiving educational materials about adoption, participating in interviews, and answering a lot of questions about your ability to care for a child.\\nIn many cases, someone from the agency you are working with will make at least one visit to your home. They will want to take a look at the environment where you will be bringing the child you adopt.\\n3-3. Go through the placement process.\\nOnce you have been approved to adopt a child, the placement process will begin. If you are working with a public agency you might be able to attend adoption events where you meet children waiting to be adopted. The agency might also send you pictures or videos of kids you might want to adopt. This will all depend on your preferences and the children who are available to adopt.\\nIf you are pursuing a private adoption, your attorney will begin connecting you with potential birth parents.\\nThere’s no standard timeline that this process will follow. But it does typically take months, and oftentimes, years.\\n3-4. File the required legal documents.\\nIn most countries, adoptions need to be finalized in court. In order to become the child’s legal parent you will need to file the appropriate documents with the court. Your agency or attorney will be able to help you with this process.\\n4. Making Sure You are Ready to Adopt\\n4-1. Write down your reasons for wanting to adopt a child.\\nBefore you begin the adoption process you’ll want to make sure that you are prepared emotionally and financially to begin the process. Spend some time thinking about why you want to adopt a child. It’s a good idea to write down your reasons and reflect on them.\\nYou might write down that you want to provide a child with a good home.\\nYou might also note that you feel that you are ready to love and take care of a child.\\nDon’t adopt a child if you are doing so to try to fix another relationship in your life. Another bad reason is that you are trying to fulfill some societal expectation.\\n4-2. Make sure you have a support system.\\nYou’ve heard the saying that it takes a village to raise a child. You might not need an entire village, but you will absolutely need support. If you are in a relationship, make sure that you and your partner are on the same page. An adoption won’t work if you are not both committed. Talk openly and honestly about your thoughts on how to raise kids. Show your hopes and fears about how a child will change your life.\\nYou should also talk to other family members. You want your child to be able to grow up in a loving and supportive family. Communicate your desire to adopt, and ask for their support.\\n4-3. Ask yourself if you are ready for the responsibility.\\nYou’ll need to think long term before you begin the adoption process. If you adopt a baby, you’ll need to be thinking 18 years into the future. Consider things such as:\\nWhether you will raise your child in a certain religion.\\nWhat type of child care provider you will use and how much you can afford to pay.\\nHow you want your child to be educated.\\n4-4. Consider whether you are ready to go through the lengthy process.\\nAdoption can be one of the most rewarding things you will ever do. However, it is important to be aware that the process can be lengthy and even frustrating. You might, for example, become attached to a foster child who is eventually reunited with their birth parents. Be prepared to deal with this sort of challenge.\\nUnderstand that many adoptions can also be financially costly.\\nTips\\nAsk for advice from friends or family who have adopted.\\nKeep an open mind about what type of adoption you want to pursue.\\nBe prepared for an emotional process.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Adopting a child can be a wonderful, life-changing experience. To begin the process, take some time to evaluate your life and make sure that you’re ready for this change. The adoption process, sometimes lengthy, will take patience, but the outcome will be a wonderful new addition to your family!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Basic Requirements\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Provide evidence of good physical and mental health.\", \"描述\": \"Any adoption agency that you work with will want you to demonstrate that you are in good health. If you have a chronic health condition you will need a letter from your doctor stating that you are physically capable of caring for a child. Some states in the U.S. will also need a doctor’s word that you will likely live to see the child reach the age of 16.\\nIf you have ever been on medication for a mental illness you will need a doctor’s letter stating that you are mentally stable. All members of the household must also be considered mentally stable by a medical professional.\\nIf you are pursuing an independent adoption, you might need to provide your attorney with this information. In the US, laws vary from state to state, but independent adoptions are typically bound by the same regulations as agency adoptions.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Share your criminal history.\", \"描述\": \"Typically, you will need local and federal clearance to adopt a child. This will vary from country to country. In the U.S., for example, you will be subject to a background check by both your state and the FBI. If you have an arrest on your record, you will need to write a letter explaining it. In some cases, the court might require some type of rehabilitation process.\\nSome criminal charges might keep you from ever adopting a child. For example, you would not be allowed to adopt with a history of child abuse.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Disclose your financial information.\", \"描述\": \"In order to adopt, you will probably need to be able to demonstrate that you are financially stable. This is an important indicator that you are capable of caring for a child. Depending on where you live, an agency will perform an assessment of your finances. There is generally not an income minimum that you have to meet, but you will need to show that you don’t have severe financial problems.\\nYou will also need to provide proof of comprehensive health insurance coverage.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Give information about your home environment.\", \"描述\": \"The agency will want to know some personal information about you. This isn’t meant to be invasive, it’s simply a way to help make sure the child would be going to a good home. You’ll need to provide details about your marital history, as well as background information about every member of your household.\\nIn some cases, you might also be asked to provide letters of support from close friends or family. These letters will be a great way for you to showcase what a great parent you will be!\\nFor an independent adoption, your attorney should help you through this process.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Deciding to Which Adoption Path to Pursue\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose to adopt a child in care if you would like a less expensive process.\", \"描述\": \"There are many children who are in foster care and need a good home. To start the process, you'll need to find a local agency to work with. You might even want to begin by being a foster parent yourself, and if you connect with the child you could then decide to move forward with adoption. In the U.S., you can contact a local agency which will help you start the process. Other countries will likely have similar programs. You can also start by checking with your local government.\\nOne of the benefits of adopting a child in care is that it costs very little or nothing. A negative is that it can be a very lengthy and frustrating process.\\nConsider adopting an older child. Most people want to adopt infants, and there are more prospective parents than there are babies. The process might move more quickly if you’re open to an older child.\\nThis path is also known as public agency adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look into licensed private agency adoption if you might want an open adoption.\", \"描述\": \"Another option is pursuing a private adoption. In this situation, birth parents release their legal rights to the child to a licensed agency. The agency then works to match the child with prospective parents. This path costs more than public adoption and be quite expensive.\\nOne of the benefits of private adoption is that you may be able to choose to have an open adoption. This means that you will get an opportunity to meet and spend time with the birth parents. You can all decide together whether the birth parents will play a role in the child’s life.\\nYou should know that birth parents do not actually relinquish their legal rights until after birth. This means that they could change their minds about placing the child up for adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pursue an independent adoption if you know a potential birth parent.\", \"描述\": \"You will need to work with an attorney to begin the process of an independent adoption. In most cases, you, the prospective parent, will have identified a birth parent that you would like to work with. Sometimes, an attorney might be helping a birth parent find an appropriate person to adopt their child. Each state and country have different laws for this process.\\nTo get started, contact an attorney who has experience in this area.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Research inter-country adoption if you are open to a child from a different background.\", \"描述\": \"No matter where you live, adopting a child from another country is typically a more complicated process than a domestic adoption. You will need to follow the laws from both your home country and the country where the child is from. In many cases, you will not receive much information on the child’s background or medical history. You’ll want to work with a pediatrician who has a lot of experience evaluating the health of kids coming from an unknown background.\\nRemember that when you adopt a child from another country, you’ll need to take into account possible differences in language and culture.\\nYou may or may not decide to visit the country where the child comes from before you take the child home.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Pursue domestic adoption if you are concerned about the child's medical background.\", \"描述\": \"One of the benefits of domestic adoption is that you will be much more likely to be able to access information about the medical background of the child. Health care systems vary from country to country. It will be much easier to access information when you are already familiar with the system of your own country.\\nYou might also want to pursue a domestic adoption if you strongly prefer an infant to an older child. The domestic process makes it more likely that an infant will be placed with you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Going Through the Legal Process\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Select an adoption services provider.\", \"描述\": \"You will need help navigating the legalities of adoption. You can choose to work through a public or private adoption agency, and ask them to help you understand the laws. Another option is to immediately hire an experienced adoption attorney. Remember that the laws will differ depending on where you live and which path you are pursuing.\\nIf you are working with an agency, it is a good idea to ask them to provide you with three references from people whom they have previously helped.\\nIt is also smart to do your own research. For example, in the U.S. you can contact Adopt US Kids to learn about different state laws, the reputation of agencies, and to learn about reputable attorneys.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Participate in a home study.\", \"描述\": \"This is another instance where the process will vary depending on which country or state you live in. Typically, no matter what type of adoption you are pursuing, a home study will be required. The home study phase will include you receiving educational materials about adoption, participating in interviews, and answering a lot of questions about your ability to care for a child.\\nIn many cases, someone from the agency you are working with will make at least one visit to your home. They will want to take a look at the environment where you will be bringing the child you adopt.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Go through the placement process.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have been approved to adopt a child, the placement process will begin. If you are working with a public agency you might be able to attend adoption events where you meet children waiting to be adopted. The agency might also send you pictures or videos of kids you might want to adopt. This will all depend on your preferences and the children who are available to adopt.\\nIf you are pursuing a private adoption, your attorney will begin connecting you with potential birth parents.\\nThere’s no standard timeline that this process will follow. But it does typically take months, and oftentimes, years.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"File the required legal documents.\", \"描述\": \"In most countries, adoptions need to be finalized in court. In order to become the child’s legal parent you will need to file the appropriate documents with the court. Your agency or attorney will be able to help you with this process.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Making Sure You are Ready to Adopt\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Write down your reasons for wanting to adopt a child.\", \"描述\": \"Before you begin the adoption process you’ll want to make sure that you are prepared emotionally and financially to begin the process. Spend some time thinking about why you want to adopt a child. It’s a good idea to write down your reasons and reflect on them.\\nYou might write down that you want to provide a child with a good home.\\nYou might also note that you feel that you are ready to love and take care of a child.\\nDon’t adopt a child if you are doing so to try to fix another relationship in your life. Another bad reason is that you are trying to fulfill some societal expectation.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make sure you have a support system.\", \"描述\": \"You’ve heard the saying that it takes a village to raise a child. You might not need an entire village, but you will absolutely need support. If you are in a relationship, make sure that you and your partner are on the same page. An adoption won’t work if you are not both committed. Talk openly and honestly about your thoughts on how to raise kids. Show your hopes and fears about how a child will change your life.\\nYou should also talk to other family members. You want your child to be able to grow up in a loving and supportive family. Communicate your desire to adopt, and ask for their support.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask yourself if you are ready for the responsibility.\", \"描述\": \"You’ll need to think long term before you begin the adoption process. If you adopt a baby, you’ll need to be thinking 18 years into the future. Consider things such as:\\nWhether you will raise your child in a certain religion.\\nWhat type of child care provider you will use and how much you can afford to pay.\\nHow you want your child to be educated.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider whether you are ready to go through the lengthy process.\", \"描述\": \"Adoption can be one of the most rewarding things you will ever do. However, it is important to be aware that the process can be lengthy and even frustrating. You might, for example, become attached to a foster child who is eventually reunited with their birth parents. Be prepared to deal with this sort of challenge.\\nUnderstand that many adoptions can also be financially costly.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Ask for advice from friends or family who have adopted.\\n\", \"Keep an open mind about what type of adoption you want to pursue.\\n\", \"Be prepared for an emotional process.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,496
How to Adopt a Child As a Single Man
1. Getting Started 1-1. Make an informed decision. As a single man, you must realize the difficulties involved because of both your gender and your marital status. Recent trends make adopting children by single men more acceptable, but men are likely the most prejudiced against demographic among people looking to adopt. Research which countries will allow a single man to adopt a child. Not all countries are open-minded to the possibility of having one parent let alone it being a man. Consider your age, career, and capacity to raise an infant. It may be more suitable to prefer a teenager or a child with a disability who would love to have a father. Be prepared to adopt an older child or a child with disabilities. A severe shortage of adoptive parents for these children makes single men an attractive option to fill this role. 1-2. Meet the qualifications. There are several different ways to proceed when considering adoption. Adoption is handled by public and private agencies, adoption attorneys, facilitators, or some combinations of this list. There are few solid rules about age, marital status, or sources of income to become a candidate to adopt. Age requirements are flexible, but successful prospective applicants are usually in the 25-50 age range. The type of child you are adopting will have some influence on age requirements, but no actual rule exists to determine this. As an adoptive parent, this can be your first child, one of many children, or you can even already have adult children by the time you decide to adopt. Most agencies, some more reluctant than others, accept single, gay and lesbian, and disabled parent applicants. There are no predetermined income levels and home ownership is not a requirement either. Your income can originate from a variety of sources: employment, pension, or disability payments. 1-3. Consider the cost. The cost of adoption is expensive, but is varied depending on which agency you choose. Adopting an international, special needs teenager, through a public or government agency is more affordable than adopting a domestic, white baby, through a private agency. From the moment you begin to seriously consider adoption, start saving money in a special savings account dedicated to the process and add to it whenever possible. Consider the following: domestic private agency ($4,000-30,000+); domestic independent adoptions ($8,000-30,000+); and Inter-country private agency ($7,000-25,000+). The fees include most, but not all, costs associated with adoption. For international adoptions, you will also have to consider traveling and lodging costs, visas, passports, and country fees. Gender, race, and age of children will also dramatically influence cost. Healthy white infants are most expensive since they are the most requested and are the least available. Teenagers, because of age, and children with disabilities, because of additional care costs, are less expensive to pursue, but more available to single men. The recent trend for children of color, and in particular indigenous children, is to match them with parents who are of similar ethnicity. 1-4. Select an agency. Make sure to research all the adoption agencies under consideration. Selecting an agency that is educated and experienced can relieve a lot of stress and anxiety with more positive results. Also consider their reputation, if they provide credible references, or a detailed history of their adoptions. Verify the agency's license by calling your state adoption agency licensing specialist to check if they are current and have no complaints lodged against them. Conduct a background check for either criminal behavior or lawsuits or call the Better Business Bureau for more information. Inquire about their services: do they offer pre- and post-adoption services? Find out their perspective on single-father adoption candidates. Request an itemized list of fees, expenses, and hidden costs. 1-5. Meet the legal criteria. There are several legal requirements included in the adoption process, even more for international adoptions. Working with an attorney is expensive, therefore, be prepared to meet an extensive array of legal criteria. Adoption and family law is a specialization. Make sure you contact a lawyer who specializes in this field and has previous experience with legal adoptions. Always request references from professional people. Contact the Academy of Adoption Attorneys to find an appropriate attorney. Once you select an attorney, take their advice. Part of the process is providing a significant amount of personal and family history, social security cards, employment history, and financial records. If you have a preference, make sure your attorney knows the characteristics of the child you prefer to adopt. 2. Understanding the Obstacles 2-1. Convince family and friends. As a single man trying to adopt, many family and friends might question your motivations and not understand why you would want the responsibility of raising a child on your own. Despite the backlash, you never have to legally worry about a family member or a friend derailing the adoption process. Educate them regarding the benefits of adopting and how rewarding an endeavor it is. Let them know of all the benefits and joys of raising an adopted child. 2-2. Make your family and friends aware of your commitment to adoption and that you have decided that this is the best for you and the adopted the child. Let them know that their support is crucial for the adoption to be a success. Try not to keep your adoption a secret unless it would bring harm to you or your child's wellness or physical well-being. 2-3. Deal with adoption agencies. Although domestic adoption is legal for single men, not all agencies support that perspective. Agencies might not accept single men as potential parents, they might delay the adoption process or offer you children that they know you would not be able to handle. It is important to demonstrate to an adoption agency that you have a plan in place and have the means to carry out. It is also a good idea to reveal your thoughts about single-parenthood to prove that you have considered all perspectives. Displaying true determination and assertiveness to an adoption agency will prove that you are serious about completing the adoption process and raising a child by yourself. As a single man, it would be wise to participate in a home study. A home study will evaluate your character, community, childhood, living arrangements, financial records, and the overall desire to adopt. Because single male applicants are not desirable among some adoption agencies, a home study will go a long way in proving your seriousness. 2-4. Fight against tradition. Single-parent adoption is still highly debated. Many agencies and birth mothers will never agree to a single-man adoption because they argue that it will deprive an infant a nurturing mother and deny older children a traditional two-parent family. Adoption agencies have established qualifications for adoptive parents based on age, previous children, financial status, employment, religion, and marital status. Even if a single man meets all of these requirements except for the marital status, they might be denied an opportunity to adopt. Join an adoptive parent group to discuss the obstacles and ways to overcome them. Many members will already possess experience that you can learn from. Seek out single-people only support groups (they do exist). 3. Adopting a Child 3-1. Select a child. After you have determined that adoption is the right path for you, make a decision on what type of adoption you want to pursue. You will have to make many decisions – age, race, special needs, domestic, international, or foster – before you move forward. Take time to make the right decision. If you already have a child or children, think about how an adopted child would adapt to your established family structure. Consider the community you live in. If you choose a child with disabilities or of a different ethnic background, will they thrive in this environment? Think about your own abilities. Can you manage to raise an infant by yourself? Do you have the financial means to adopt a child and get them through college? Are there enough available resources around you to care for a special needs adoption? Stay open-minded and don't narrow the possibilities. There are many children who need good homes and families. Consider adopting more than one child. The more the merrier. 3-2. Search for a child. Once you have completed the home study and selected an adoption agency, it is time to search for a child. Predetermine what type of child best suits your personality and lifestyle; get advice from friends and family; and network with others who have adopted in the past so that you can register for a match. It is important to remain patient since this step could take a long time until a match is found. Once your home study is being reviewed for a match, information will be sent to you about the child up for adoption. This is a time when you can ask further questions. Then you must either confirm or withdraw your interest. Remember that case workers receive several requests and you are not the only person who may have the opportunity to adopt. The final decision will always rest on the child's needs. 3-3. Discover a match. Once the case worker decides you are the right match, more confidential information is shared so that you can confirm this child is suitable for you. Once the match is approved, the child's parental rights will be terminated so that you can adopt the child. If you are not chosen as an adoptive parent, you might want to consider other possible children you could adopt through your agency. Or, you could select to be a backup adoptive parent in case the chosen family declines to follow through with the adoption. 3-4. Meet your child. After the initial meeting, you will make several more visits over the next few weeks or months as the paperwork is being completed. If your child resides in a different state, the child's agency will typically arrange for a minimum of two visits. 3-5. Receive a placement. The placement is a date when the child will arrive at your home. The adoption agency will conduct several visits during this time in a supervisory role to make sure the transition is a smooth one. It is during this time that you file a legal intent to adopt petition. 3-6. Finalize your adoption. At this point, your adopted child is officially part of your legal family once a judge finalizes everything. An amended birth certificate will arrive with your name as the parent along with a certificate of adoption. Counseling and supervision will continue by the adoption agency. Take this time to talk to your child about the adoption if they are old enough to understand. Be a good parent by seeking out support services, connecting with other adopted families and children, and when ready, consider adopting a sibling. Warnings It may not work. The adoption agency and/or social workers may not feel you're right, and it may or may not be about your gender.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:28", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting Started\\n1-1. Make an informed decision.\\nAs a single man, you must realize the difficulties involved because of both your gender and your marital status. Recent trends make adopting children by single men more acceptable, but men are likely the most prejudiced against demographic among people looking to adopt.\\nResearch which countries will allow a single man to adopt a child. Not all countries are open-minded to the possibility of having one parent let alone it being a man.\\nConsider your age, career, and capacity to raise an infant. It may be more suitable to prefer a teenager or a child with a disability who would love to have a father.\\nBe prepared to adopt an older child or a child with disabilities. A severe shortage of adoptive parents for these children makes single men an attractive option to fill this role.\\n1-2. Meet the qualifications.\\nThere are several different ways to proceed when considering adoption. Adoption is handled by public and private agencies, adoption attorneys, facilitators, or some combinations of this list. There are few solid rules about age, marital status, or sources of income to become a candidate to adopt. \\nAge requirements are flexible, but successful prospective applicants are usually in the 25-50 age range. The type of child you are adopting will have some influence on age requirements, but no actual rule exists to determine this.\\nAs an adoptive parent, this can be your first child, one of many children, or you can even already have adult children by the time you decide to adopt.\\nMost agencies, some more reluctant than others, accept single, gay and lesbian, and disabled parent applicants.\\nThere are no predetermined income levels and home ownership is not a requirement either. Your income can originate from a variety of sources: employment, pension, or disability payments.\\n1-3. Consider the cost.\\nThe cost of adoption is expensive, but is varied depending on which agency you choose. Adopting an international, special needs teenager, through a public or government agency is more affordable than adopting a domestic, white baby, through a private agency. From the moment you begin to seriously consider adoption, start saving money in a special savings account dedicated to the process and add to it whenever possible.\\nConsider the following: domestic private agency ($4,000-30,000+); domestic independent adoptions ($8,000-30,000+); and Inter-country private agency ($7,000-25,000+). The fees include most, but not all, costs associated with adoption. For international adoptions, you will also have to consider traveling and lodging costs, visas, passports, and country fees.\\nGender, race, and age of children will also dramatically influence cost. Healthy white infants are most expensive since they are the most requested and are the least available. Teenagers, because of age, and children with disabilities, because of additional care costs, are less expensive to pursue, but more available to single men. The recent trend for children of color, and in particular indigenous children, is to match them with parents who are of similar ethnicity.\\n1-4. Select an agency.\\nMake sure to research all the adoption agencies under consideration. Selecting an agency that is educated and experienced can relieve a lot of stress and anxiety with more positive results. Also consider their reputation, if they provide credible references, or a detailed history of their adoptions.\\nVerify the agency's license by calling your state adoption agency licensing specialist to check if they are current and have no complaints lodged against them.\\nConduct a background check for either criminal behavior or lawsuits or call the Better Business Bureau for more information.\\nInquire about their services: do they offer pre- and post-adoption services?\\nFind out their perspective on single-father adoption candidates.\\nRequest an itemized list of fees, expenses, and hidden costs.\\n1-5. Meet the legal criteria.\\nThere are several legal requirements included in the adoption process, even more for international adoptions. Working with an attorney is expensive, therefore, be prepared to meet an extensive array of legal criteria.\\nAdoption and family law is a specialization. Make sure you contact a lawyer who specializes in this field and has previous experience with legal adoptions.\\nAlways request references from professional people.\\nContact the Academy of Adoption Attorneys to find an appropriate attorney.\\nOnce you select an attorney, take their advice.\\nPart of the process is providing a significant amount of personal and family history, social security cards, employment history, and financial records.\\nIf you have a preference, make sure your attorney knows the characteristics of the child you prefer to adopt.\\n2. Understanding the Obstacles\\n2-1. Convince family and friends.\\nAs a single man trying to adopt, many family and friends might question your motivations and not understand why you would want the responsibility of raising a child on your own. Despite the backlash, you never have to legally worry about a family member or a friend derailing the adoption process.\\nEducate them regarding the benefits of adopting and how rewarding an endeavor it is. Let them know of all the benefits and joys of raising an adopted child.\\n2-2. Make your family and friends aware of your commitment to adoption and that you have decided that this is the best for you and the adopted the child.\\nLet them know that their support is crucial for the adoption to be a success.\\nTry not to keep your adoption a secret unless it would bring harm to you or your child's wellness or physical well-being.\\n2-3. Deal with adoption agencies.\\nAlthough domestic adoption is legal for single men, not all agencies support that perspective. Agencies might not accept single men as potential parents, they might delay the adoption process or offer you children that they know you would not be able to handle.\\nIt is important to demonstrate to an adoption agency that you have a plan in place and have the means to carry out. It is also a good idea to reveal your thoughts about single-parenthood to prove that you have considered all perspectives.\\nDisplaying true determination and assertiveness to an adoption agency will prove that you are serious about completing the adoption process and raising a child by yourself.\\nAs a single man, it would be wise to participate in a home study. A home study will evaluate your character, community, childhood, living arrangements, financial records, and the overall desire to adopt. Because single male applicants are not desirable among some adoption agencies, a home study will go a long way in proving your seriousness.\\n2-4. Fight against tradition.\\nSingle-parent adoption is still highly debated. Many agencies and birth mothers will never agree to a single-man adoption because they argue that it will deprive an infant a nurturing mother and deny older children a traditional two-parent family.\\nAdoption agencies have established qualifications for adoptive parents based on age, previous children, financial status, employment, religion, and marital status. Even if a single man meets all of these requirements except for the marital status, they might be denied an opportunity to adopt.\\nJoin an adoptive parent group to discuss the obstacles and ways to overcome them. Many members will already possess experience that you can learn from. Seek out single-people only support groups (they do exist).\\n3. Adopting a Child\\n3-1. Select a child.\\nAfter you have determined that adoption is the right path for you, make a decision on what type of adoption you want to pursue. You will have to make many decisions – age, race, special needs, domestic, international, or foster – before you move forward. Take time to make the right decision.\\nIf you already have a child or children, think about how an adopted child would adapt to your established family structure.\\nConsider the community you live in. If you choose a child with disabilities or of a different ethnic background, will they thrive in this environment?\\nThink about your own abilities. Can you manage to raise an infant by yourself? Do you have the financial means to adopt a child and get them through college? Are there enough available resources around you to care for a special needs adoption?\\nStay open-minded and don't narrow the possibilities. There are many children who need good homes and families.\\nConsider adopting more than one child. The more the merrier.\\n3-2. Search for a child.\\nOnce you have completed the home study and selected an adoption agency, it is time to search for a child. Predetermine what type of child best suits your personality and lifestyle; get advice from friends and family; and network with others who have adopted in the past so that you can register for a match.\\nIt is important to remain patient since this step could take a long time until a match is found.\\nOnce your home study is being reviewed for a match, information will be sent to you about the child up for adoption. This is a time when you can ask further questions. Then you must either confirm or withdraw your interest.\\nRemember that case workers receive several requests and you are not the only person who may have the opportunity to adopt. The final decision will always rest on the child's needs.\\n3-3. Discover a match.\\nOnce the case worker decides you are the right match, more confidential information is shared so that you can confirm this child is suitable for you.\\nOnce the match is approved, the child's parental rights will be terminated so that you can adopt the child.\\nIf you are not chosen as an adoptive parent, you might want to consider other possible children you could adopt through your agency. Or, you could select to be a backup adoptive parent in case the chosen family declines to follow through with the adoption.\\n3-4. Meet your child.\\nAfter the initial meeting, you will make several more visits over the next few weeks or months as the paperwork is being completed. If your child resides in a different state, the child's agency will typically arrange for a minimum of two visits.\\n3-5. Receive a placement.\\nThe placement is a date when the child will arrive at your home. The adoption agency will conduct several visits during this time in a supervisory role to make sure the transition is a smooth one.\\nIt is during this time that you file a legal intent to adopt petition.\\n3-6. Finalize your adoption.\\nAt this point, your adopted child is officially part of your legal family once a judge finalizes everything. \\nAn amended birth certificate will arrive with your name as the parent along with a certificate of adoption.\\nCounseling and supervision will continue by the adoption agency. Take this time to talk to your child about the adoption if they are old enough to understand.\\nBe a good parent by seeking out support services, connecting with other adopted families and children, and when ready, consider adopting a sibling.\\nWarnings\\nIt may not work. The adoption agency and/or social workers may not feel you're right, and it may or may not be about your gender.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The twenty-first century has opened doors for single men to pursue adoption of a child. Despite the traditional definition of family being husband, wife, and children, adoption agencies are beginning to accept single men as a potential adoptive parent. Obstacles remain, but as more children of all ages need parents and as single parenting becomes more common, men are finding opportunities to become single adoptive dads. After all, it is better to have a single supportive father than to remain in an unstable, broken home that many orphaned children emerge from.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting Started\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make an informed decision.\", \"描述\": \"As a single man, you must realize the difficulties involved because of both your gender and your marital status. Recent trends make adopting children by single men more acceptable, but men are likely the most prejudiced against demographic among people looking to adopt.\\nResearch which countries will allow a single man to adopt a child. Not all countries are open-minded to the possibility of having one parent let alone it being a man.\\nConsider your age, career, and capacity to raise an infant. It may be more suitable to prefer a teenager or a child with a disability who would love to have a father.\\nBe prepared to adopt an older child or a child with disabilities. A severe shortage of adoptive parents for these children makes single men an attractive option to fill this role.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meet the qualifications.\", \"描述\": \"There are several different ways to proceed when considering adoption. Adoption is handled by public and private agencies, adoption attorneys, facilitators, or some combinations of this list. There are few solid rules about age, marital status, or sources of income to become a candidate to adopt. \\nAge requirements are flexible, but successful prospective applicants are usually in the 25-50 age range. The type of child you are adopting will have some influence on age requirements, but no actual rule exists to determine this.\\nAs an adoptive parent, this can be your first child, one of many children, or you can even already have adult children by the time you decide to adopt.\\nMost agencies, some more reluctant than others, accept single, gay and lesbian, and disabled parent applicants.\\nThere are no predetermined income levels and home ownership is not a requirement either. Your income can originate from a variety of sources: employment, pension, or disability payments.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Consider the cost.\", \"描述\": \"The cost of adoption is expensive, but is varied depending on which agency you choose. Adopting an international, special needs teenager, through a public or government agency is more affordable than adopting a domestic, white baby, through a private agency. From the moment you begin to seriously consider adoption, start saving money in a special savings account dedicated to the process and add to it whenever possible.\\nConsider the following: domestic private agency ($4,000-30,000+); domestic independent adoptions ($8,000-30,000+); and Inter-country private agency ($7,000-25,000+). The fees include most, but not all, costs associated with adoption. For international adoptions, you will also have to consider traveling and lodging costs, visas, passports, and country fees.\\nGender, race, and age of children will also dramatically influence cost. Healthy white infants are most expensive since they are the most requested and are the least available. Teenagers, because of age, and children with disabilities, because of additional care costs, are less expensive to pursue, but more available to single men. The recent trend for children of color, and in particular indigenous children, is to match them with parents who are of similar ethnicity.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Select an agency.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure to research all the adoption agencies under consideration. Selecting an agency that is educated and experienced can relieve a lot of stress and anxiety with more positive results. Also consider their reputation, if they provide credible references, or a detailed history of their adoptions.\\nVerify the agency's license by calling your state adoption agency licensing specialist to check if they are current and have no complaints lodged against them.\\nConduct a background check for either criminal behavior or lawsuits or call the Better Business Bureau for more information.\\nInquire about their services: do they offer pre- and post-adoption services?\\nFind out their perspective on single-father adoption candidates.\\nRequest an itemized list of fees, expenses, and hidden costs.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Meet the legal criteria.\", \"描述\": \"There are several legal requirements included in the adoption process, even more for international adoptions. Working with an attorney is expensive, therefore, be prepared to meet an extensive array of legal criteria.\\nAdoption and family law is a specialization. Make sure you contact a lawyer who specializes in this field and has previous experience with legal adoptions.\\nAlways request references from professional people.\\nContact the Academy of Adoption Attorneys to find an appropriate attorney.\\nOnce you select an attorney, take their advice.\\nPart of the process is providing a significant amount of personal and family history, social security cards, employment history, and financial records.\\nIf you have a preference, make sure your attorney knows the characteristics of the child you prefer to adopt.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understanding the Obstacles\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Convince family and friends.\", \"描述\": \"As a single man trying to adopt, many family and friends might question your motivations and not understand why you would want the responsibility of raising a child on your own. Despite the backlash, you never have to legally worry about a family member or a friend derailing the adoption process.\\nEducate them regarding the benefits of adopting and how rewarding an endeavor it is. Let them know of all the benefits and joys of raising an adopted child.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make your family and friends aware of your commitment to adoption and that you have decided that this is the best for you and the adopted the child.\", \"描述\": \"Let them know that their support is crucial for the adoption to be a success.\\nTry not to keep your adoption a secret unless it would bring harm to you or your child's wellness or physical well-being.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Deal with adoption agencies.\", \"描述\": \"Although domestic adoption is legal for single men, not all agencies support that perspective. Agencies might not accept single men as potential parents, they might delay the adoption process or offer you children that they know you would not be able to handle.\\nIt is important to demonstrate to an adoption agency that you have a plan in place and have the means to carry out. It is also a good idea to reveal your thoughts about single-parenthood to prove that you have considered all perspectives.\\nDisplaying true determination and assertiveness to an adoption agency will prove that you are serious about completing the adoption process and raising a child by yourself.\\nAs a single man, it would be wise to participate in a home study. A home study will evaluate your character, community, childhood, living arrangements, financial records, and the overall desire to adopt. Because single male applicants are not desirable among some adoption agencies, a home study will go a long way in proving your seriousness.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Fight against tradition.\", \"描述\": \"Single-parent adoption is still highly debated. Many agencies and birth mothers will never agree to a single-man adoption because they argue that it will deprive an infant a nurturing mother and deny older children a traditional two-parent family.\\nAdoption agencies have established qualifications for adoptive parents based on age, previous children, financial status, employment, religion, and marital status. Even if a single man meets all of these requirements except for the marital status, they might be denied an opportunity to adopt.\\nJoin an adoptive parent group to discuss the obstacles and ways to overcome them. Many members will already possess experience that you can learn from. Seek out single-people only support groups (they do exist).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adopting a Child\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Select a child.\", \"描述\": \"After you have determined that adoption is the right path for you, make a decision on what type of adoption you want to pursue. You will have to make many decisions – age, race, special needs, domestic, international, or foster – before you move forward. Take time to make the right decision.\\nIf you already have a child or children, think about how an adopted child would adapt to your established family structure.\\nConsider the community you live in. If you choose a child with disabilities or of a different ethnic background, will they thrive in this environment?\\nThink about your own abilities. Can you manage to raise an infant by yourself? Do you have the financial means to adopt a child and get them through college? Are there enough available resources around you to care for a special needs adoption?\\nStay open-minded and don't narrow the possibilities. There are many children who need good homes and families.\\nConsider adopting more than one child. The more the merrier.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Search for a child.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have completed the home study and selected an adoption agency, it is time to search for a child. Predetermine what type of child best suits your personality and lifestyle; get advice from friends and family; and network with others who have adopted in the past so that you can register for a match.\\nIt is important to remain patient since this step could take a long time until a match is found.\\nOnce your home study is being reviewed for a match, information will be sent to you about the child up for adoption. This is a time when you can ask further questions. Then you must either confirm or withdraw your interest.\\nRemember that case workers receive several requests and you are not the only person who may have the opportunity to adopt. The final decision will always rest on the child's needs.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Discover a match.\", \"描述\": \"Once the case worker decides you are the right match, more confidential information is shared so that you can confirm this child is suitable for you.\\nOnce the match is approved, the child's parental rights will be terminated so that you can adopt the child.\\nIf you are not chosen as an adoptive parent, you might want to consider other possible children you could adopt through your agency. Or, you could select to be a backup adoptive parent in case the chosen family declines to follow through with the adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Meet your child.\", \"描述\": \"After the initial meeting, you will make several more visits over the next few weeks or months as the paperwork is being completed. If your child resides in a different state, the child's agency will typically arrange for a minimum of two visits.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Receive a placement.\", \"描述\": \"The placement is a date when the child will arrive at your home. The adoption agency will conduct several visits during this time in a supervisory role to make sure the transition is a smooth one.\\nIt is during this time that you file a legal intent to adopt petition.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Finalize your adoption.\", \"描述\": \"At this point, your adopted child is officially part of your legal family once a judge finalizes everything. \\nAn amended birth certificate will arrive with your name as the parent along with a certificate of adoption.\\nCounseling and supervision will continue by the adoption agency. Take this time to talk to your child about the adoption if they are old enough to understand.\\nBe a good parent by seeking out support services, connecting with other adopted families and children, and when ready, consider adopting a sibling.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"It may not work. The adoption agency and/or social workers may not feel you're right, and it may or may not be about your gender.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,497
How to Adopt a Child in Skyrim
1. Meeting the Prerequisites 1-1. Purchase and install the Hearthfire DLC. The Hearthfire add-on introduces both the ability to adopt and the ability to build houses. It costs $4.99. On PC, you can buy a Hearthfire download code from Amazon or through the Steam store. Xbox and PlayStation users can purchase Hearthfire from their respective consoles' marketplaces. If you're playing Skyrim Special Edition, the Hearthfire DLC is included in the main game 1-2. Purchase a house. Most houses have their own prerequisites that involve a side quest for the Jarl of the city in question, though the Whiterun property becomes available during the main story quest. You can purchase houses in the following cities: - You can buy the Breezehome house for 5,000 gold. It's the second building on the right after entering Whiterun. - You can purchase the Hjerim house, which is opposite from the "House of Cruel-Sea" location, for 12,000 gold. - You can buy the Honeyside house for 8,000 gold. You'll find it at the end of the path to your right when you first enter Riften. - You can purchase the Proudspire Manor mansion for 25,000 gold. It's next to the Bards College, which is in the middle-right side of the city. - You can buy the Vlindrel Hall property for 8,000 gold. You'll find it up the sets of stairs on the right side of the city's entrance. You can also build houses in Falkreath, The Pale hold, and Hjaalmarch hold, but due to a bug, Skyrim sometimes doesn't count these as child-friendly houses. 1-3. Furnish your house completely. This typically involves speaking with the Jarl's Steward in your chosen city (e.g., Proventus Avenicci in Whiterun), selecting the "I'd like to decorate my home" option, and purchasing every option--especially the child bedroom upgrade. If you just installed the Hearthfire DLC, you may have to wait for a courier to bring you a message about the child bedroom upgrade. 1-4. Kill Grelod the Kind. Contrary to her name, Grelod is an abusive orphanage owner located in Riften's "Honorhall Orphanage" location. To perform this task: Fast-travel to Riften. If you haven't yet visited Riften, you can instead pay a horse-drawn carriage outside of Whiterun or one of the other major cities to take you there. Walk straight across the bridge, then turn left in front of the "Bee and Bard" location. Walk until you see a set of stairs, then turn right. You should see Honorhall Orphanage. Enter Honorhall Orphanage, then wait for the children to disperse. Kill Grelod while she sleeps. This is the best way to ensure that you aren't caught. 1-5. Go outside and wait for 48 in-game hours. Doing so should provide the game with enough time to recognize Constance Michel in the Honorhall Orphanage as the new head of the orphanage, at which point you'll receive a note confirming that she now runs the orphanage. You can also fast-travel back to your house and wait (or continue along quest lines) until you receive the note. 1-6. Re-enter the Honorhall Orphanage and look for Constance. She wears a yellow dress and is often walking around with the children, though she might be sleeping in her room that's off to the right of the main orphanage hall. 1-7. Talk to Constance Michel about adoption. Once you finish the conversation, you can select a child for adoption. You'll need to choose the following speech options in response to her questions: When you initially talk to her, select "Could I adopt one of your children?", then select "What do I need to do?" Select your name when she asks for it. When she asks what you do, respond with "I'm the Dragonborn." When asked where the child will live, respond with "At my house in [City]." 2. Adopting a Child 2-1. Find a child whom you wish to adopt and speak to them. The children in the orphanage are all available for adoption. 2-2. Select the "I can adopt you, if you want." option. It's the second option in the dialogue box, though you can also select first the "Tell me about yourself" option to hear the child's story. 2-3. Select the "Yes I'm sure...daughter/son." The child will express excitement, after which you can head back to the home you chose earlier when speaking to Constance Michel. The child will be there when you arrive. You can adopt up to two children. 2-4. Interact with your children by visiting your house. They will always be there when you return. You won't have to feed them or worry about them being killed by NPCs, since your children can't die. 2-5. Consider adopting a homeless child. You can find several children roaming the streets throughout Skyrim that can be adopted: - Dawnstar - Solitude - Whiterun - Windhelm 2-6. Consider adopting a child from a dead NPC. Children whose parents are killed by the player or by other NPCs will eventually appear in the Honorhall Orphanage. Adoptable children are as follows: Tips Aventus Aretino cannot be adopted even after going through all the requirements for adopting a child. Warnings If you kill a child's parents in front of them, you won't be able to adopt the child. Once you've adopted, the only way to move your children to a new house is to get married and then ask your spouse to move to a different house with you.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:28", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting the Prerequisites\\n1-1. Purchase and install the Hearthfire DLC.\\nThe Hearthfire add-on introduces both the ability to adopt and the ability to build houses. It costs $4.99.\\nOn PC, you can buy a Hearthfire download code from Amazon or through the Steam store.\\nXbox and PlayStation users can purchase Hearthfire from their respective consoles' marketplaces.\\nIf you're playing Skyrim Special Edition, the Hearthfire DLC is included in the main game\\n1-2. Purchase a house.\\nMost houses have their own prerequisites that involve a side quest for the Jarl of the city in question, though the Whiterun property becomes available during the main story quest. You can purchase houses in the following cities:\\n\\n - You can buy the Breezehome house for 5,000 gold. It's the second building on the right after entering Whiterun.\\n - You can purchase the Hjerim house, which is opposite from the \\\"House of Cruel-Sea\\\" location, for 12,000 gold.\\n - You can buy the Honeyside house for 8,000 gold. You'll find it at the end of the path to your right when you first enter Riften.\\n - You can purchase the Proudspire Manor mansion for 25,000 gold. It's next to the Bards College, which is in the middle-right side of the city.\\n - You can buy the Vlindrel Hall property for 8,000 gold. You'll find it up the sets of stairs on the right side of the city's entrance.\\nYou can also build houses in Falkreath, The Pale hold, and Hjaalmarch hold, but due to a bug, Skyrim sometimes doesn't count these as child-friendly houses.\\n1-3. Furnish your house completely.\\nThis typically involves speaking with the Jarl's Steward in your chosen city (e.g., Proventus Avenicci in Whiterun), selecting the \\\"I'd like to decorate my home\\\" option, and purchasing every option--especially the child bedroom upgrade.\\nIf you just installed the Hearthfire DLC, you may have to wait for a courier to bring you a message about the child bedroom upgrade.\\n1-4. Kill Grelod the Kind.\\nContrary to her name, Grelod is an abusive orphanage owner located in Riften's \\\"Honorhall Orphanage\\\" location. To perform this task:\\nFast-travel to Riften. If you haven't yet visited Riften, you can instead pay a horse-drawn carriage outside of Whiterun or one of the other major cities to take you there.\\nWalk straight across the bridge, then turn left in front of the \\\"Bee and Bard\\\" location.\\nWalk until you see a set of stairs, then turn right. You should see Honorhall Orphanage.\\nEnter Honorhall Orphanage, then wait for the children to disperse.\\nKill Grelod while she sleeps. This is the best way to ensure that you aren't caught.\\n1-5. Go outside and wait for 48 in-game hours.\\nDoing so should provide the game with enough time to recognize Constance Michel in the Honorhall Orphanage as the new head of the orphanage, at which point you'll receive a note confirming that she now runs the orphanage.\\nYou can also fast-travel back to your house and wait (or continue along quest lines) until you receive the note.\\n1-6. Re-enter the Honorhall Orphanage and look for Constance.\\nShe wears a yellow dress and is often walking around with the children, though she might be sleeping in her room that's off to the right of the main orphanage hall.\\n1-7. Talk to Constance Michel about adoption.\\nOnce you finish the conversation, you can select a child for adoption. You'll need to choose the following speech options in response to her questions:\\nWhen you initially talk to her, select \\\"Could I adopt one of your children?\\\", then select \\\"What do I need to do?\\\"\\nSelect your name when she asks for it.\\nWhen she asks what you do, respond with \\\"I'm the Dragonborn.\\\"\\nWhen asked where the child will live, respond with \\\"At my house in [City].\\\"\\n2. Adopting a Child\\n2-1. Find a child whom you wish to adopt and speak to them.\\nThe children in the orphanage are all available for adoption.\\n2-2. Select the \\\"I can adopt you, if you want.\\\" option.\\nIt's the second option in the dialogue box, though you can also select first the \\\"Tell me about yourself\\\" option to hear the child's story.\\n2-3. Select the \\\"Yes I'm sure...daughter/son.\\\"\\nThe child will express excitement, after which you can head back to the home you chose earlier when speaking to Constance Michel. The child will be there when you arrive.\\nYou can adopt up to two children.\\n2-4. Interact with your children by visiting your house.\\nThey will always be there when you return.\\nYou won't have to feed them or worry about them being killed by NPCs, since your children can't die.\\n2-5. Consider adopting a homeless child.\\nYou can find several children roaming the streets throughout Skyrim that can be adopted:\\n\\n - Dawnstar\\n - Solitude\\n - Whiterun\\n - Windhelm\\n2-6. Consider adopting a child from a dead NPC.\\nChildren whose parents are killed by the player or by other NPCs will eventually appear in the Honorhall Orphanage. Adoptable children are as follows:\\nTips\\nAventus Aretino cannot be adopted even after going through all the requirements for adopting a child.\\nWarnings\\nIf you kill a child's parents in front of them, you won't be able to adopt the child.\\nOnce you've adopted, the only way to move your children to a new house is to get married and then ask your spouse to move to a different house with you.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to meet the criteria for adopting a child in Skyrim. Once you do so, you'll be able to adopt children from the Honorhall Orphanage in Riften or homeless children from the streets of Skyrim.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting the Prerequisites\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Purchase and install the Hearthfire DLC.\", \"描述\": \"The Hearthfire add-on introduces both the ability to adopt and the ability to build houses. It costs $4.99.\\nOn PC, you can buy a Hearthfire download code from Amazon or through the Steam store.\\nXbox and PlayStation users can purchase Hearthfire from their respective consoles' marketplaces.\\nIf you're playing Skyrim Special Edition, the Hearthfire DLC is included in the main game\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Purchase a house.\", \"描述\": \"Most houses have their own prerequisites that involve a side quest for the Jarl of the city in question, though the Whiterun property becomes available during the main story quest. You can purchase houses in the following cities:\\n\\n - You can buy the Breezehome house for 5,000 gold. It's the second building on the right after entering Whiterun.\\n - You can purchase the Hjerim house, which is opposite from the \\\"House of Cruel-Sea\\\" location, for 12,000 gold.\\n - You can buy the Honeyside house for 8,000 gold. You'll find it at the end of the path to your right when you first enter Riften.\\n - You can purchase the Proudspire Manor mansion for 25,000 gold. It's next to the Bards College, which is in the middle-right side of the city.\\n - You can buy the Vlindrel Hall property for 8,000 gold. You'll find it up the sets of stairs on the right side of the city's entrance.\\nYou can also build houses in Falkreath, The Pale hold, and Hjaalmarch hold, but due to a bug, Skyrim sometimes doesn't count these as child-friendly houses.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Furnish your house completely.\", \"描述\": \"This typically involves speaking with the Jarl's Steward in your chosen city (e.g., Proventus Avenicci in Whiterun), selecting the \\\"I'd like to decorate my home\\\" option, and purchasing every option--especially the child bedroom upgrade.\\nIf you just installed the Hearthfire DLC, you may have to wait for a courier to bring you a message about the child bedroom upgrade.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Kill Grelod the Kind.\", \"描述\": \"Contrary to her name, Grelod is an abusive orphanage owner located in Riften's \\\"Honorhall Orphanage\\\" location. To perform this task:\\nFast-travel to Riften. If you haven't yet visited Riften, you can instead pay a horse-drawn carriage outside of Whiterun or one of the other major cities to take you there.\\nWalk straight across the bridge, then turn left in front of the \\\"Bee and Bard\\\" location.\\nWalk until you see a set of stairs, then turn right. You should see Honorhall Orphanage.\\nEnter Honorhall Orphanage, then wait for the children to disperse.\\nKill Grelod while she sleeps. This is the best way to ensure that you aren't caught.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Go outside and wait for 48 in-game hours.\", \"描述\": \"Doing so should provide the game with enough time to recognize Constance Michel in the Honorhall Orphanage as the new head of the orphanage, at which point you'll receive a note confirming that she now runs the orphanage.\\nYou can also fast-travel back to your house and wait (or continue along quest lines) until you receive the note.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Re-enter the Honorhall Orphanage and look for Constance.\", \"描述\": \"She wears a yellow dress and is often walking around with the children, though she might be sleeping in her room that's off to the right of the main orphanage hall.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Talk to Constance Michel about adoption.\", \"描述\": \"Once you finish the conversation, you can select a child for adoption. You'll need to choose the following speech options in response to her questions:\\nWhen you initially talk to her, select \\\"Could I adopt one of your children?\\\", then select \\\"What do I need to do?\\\"\\nSelect your name when she asks for it.\\nWhen she asks what you do, respond with \\\"I'm the Dragonborn.\\\"\\nWhen asked where the child will live, respond with \\\"At my house in [City].\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adopting a Child\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find a child whom you wish to adopt and speak to them.\", \"描述\": \"The children in the orphanage are all available for adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Select the \\\"I can adopt you, if you want.\\\" option.\", \"描述\": \"It's the second option in the dialogue box, though you can also select first the \\\"Tell me about yourself\\\" option to hear the child's story.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Select the \\\"Yes I'm sure...daughter/son.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"The child will express excitement, after which you can head back to the home you chose earlier when speaking to Constance Michel. The child will be there when you arrive.\\nYou can adopt up to two children.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Interact with your children by visiting your house.\", \"描述\": \"They will always be there when you return.\\nYou won't have to feed them or worry about them being killed by NPCs, since your children can't die.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Consider adopting a homeless child.\", \"描述\": \"You can find several children roaming the streets throughout Skyrim that can be adopted:\\n\\n - Dawnstar\\n - Solitude\\n - Whiterun\\n - Windhelm\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Consider adopting a child from a dead NPC.\", \"描述\": \"Children whose parents are killed by the player or by other NPCs will eventually appear in the Honorhall Orphanage. Adoptable children are as follows:\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Aventus Aretino cannot be adopted even after going through all the requirements for adopting a child.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you kill a child's parents in front of them, you won't be able to adopt the child.\\n\", \"Once you've adopted, the only way to move your children to a new house is to get married and then ask your spouse to move to a different house with you.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,498
How to Adopt a Dog
1. Finding a Dog 1-1. Research breeds. Different dog breeds have different personalities and different needs. Research different breed types and find the breeds that you will best be able to care for. There are a number of online resources as well as books and magazines dedicated to different dog breeds to help you in your search. Match the breed to your activity level. Some dog breeds are more energetic than others. If you are a sedentary person who enjoys quiet activities, it would be ill-advised to adopt breed of dog known for its high energy, such as Boxer or a Jack Russell Terrier. Instead, look at quiet breeds like Pekingese or Shih Tzus. Take your living area into account. Think about adopting a dog on the smaller side if you live in an apartment. Larger dogs can live in smaller areas, but special care should be taken to ensure they receive the proper amount of exercise. On the other hand, some small dogs may feel overwhelmed or in a dangerous environment at a home with acres of land. Determine your time constraints. If you adopt a puppy, you may have to do all the training. Older dogs may already be housebroken and have some training. Additionally, some dogs simply need more stimulation throughout the day. Consider how much time you have to give to your new dog. 1-2. Look at special needs dogs. Consider whether you would like to adopt a special needs dog. Special needs dogs come in many forms, from those needing extra vet care and those who have physical disabilities to those who may have been abused and have behavioral or emotional issues. Ensure you understand the needs of the dog before you commit to adopting it. A dog that has a chronic condition may require frequent trips to the vet. Make sure you can handle that expense if that is the kind of care your special needs dog requires. Set aside some extra time for the dog. Many dogs are nervous when they are first brought to a new home, and that can be compounded for special needs dogs. Make sure you have extra time set aside when you first adopt the dog to familiarize it with you, anyone else in your home, and the new space. Ask the shelter or rescue, “What specifically will I need to do and to supply in order to properly care for this dog?” 1-3. Visit your shelter. Dog breeds of all ages and training levels may be found at a shelter. Call and ask to set up a visit so that you can come by and meet the adoptable dog. Also ask them how you might be able to meet dogs in their foster program, if they have one. Consider looking at the shelter’s website before you visit. Many shelters have information regarding adoptable pets both in their shelter and in their foster home program. Read over pet profiles to get to know the dogs’ personalities as well as their individual needs. Put your name on the shelter's call list if you are looking for a very specific type of dog, such as a rare breed. Most shelters will give you a call if a certain type of dog is brought to them. Contact your local breed rescue. If you want to adopt a certain breed of dog or desire a purebred, look online or in the phone book for numbers to a breed rescue. 2. Preparing for a New Dog 2-1. Buy items you will need to care for a dog. This may include a collar and leash, food and water bowls, and appropriate food. You may also want to buy a crate or a carrier, toys, dog bed, and training treats. Here is a list of useful supplies: Food dish Dog food Water dish Harness or collar Leash Tag Dog bed A crate A travel carrier A dog bed and/or a blanket New toys 2-2. Find a vet. You likely don’t need to set up a patient profile with a vet before you adopt your dog, but shelters often ask you to find a veterinary practice you want to use before you bring your dog home. This ensures that you are prepared from the moment you bring your dog home. Contact local vets and ask about their experience with your kind of dog. If you are adopting a certain breed, ask the vet if they are comfortable working with that breed. If you are getting a special needs pet, ask the vet if they have experience caring for your dog’s particular needs. Ask about a wellness plan. Many vets do puppy and dog wellness plans that include a certain number of visits and services, such as vaccines and heartworm tests, a year. Ask your vet if they offer packages at a discounted rate to help keep your new dog covered. 2-3. Dog-proof your house. If your house is not already set up for your new dog, go through and make sure you remove or relocate potential hazards for your new pet. The extent of dog-proofing will depend largely on the size of your dog and its personality, but steps to take often include: Blocking access to stairs that may lead to areas you do not want your dog, or that may be harmful to small puppies Covering trash cans without lids Securing low-set cabinets that the dog may be able to access, especially if you keep food or cleaning products in them Moving or blocking anything with sharp corners or edges that could cut Covering toilets, especially those with sanitizing flush products Ensuring you have a fenced-in yard or area for your dog to spend time outside Removing or barricading any potentially harmful plants, such as fruits, vegetables, and palm trees, in your yard or home Assessing other areas as needed 3. Adopting Your New Dog 3-1. Fill out the paperwork. Once you have found a dog you like and you have prepared yourself and your home for their arrival, start the adoption process by filling out the necessary paperwork with the shelter or rescue. Let the shelter know that you are ready to adopt, confirm the dog you want is still available, and ask them to send you a copy of the adoption paperwork. Adoption paperwork can be a lengthy process. It may require not only your name and address, but contact information for your vet, personal references, and even statements regarding why you want to adopt and what you have done to prepare. Understand that shelters are trying to ensure that the dogs find loving, caring, permanent homes that will be able to provide for the dog throughout its life. Fill out the paperwork as completely as possible. 3-2. Pay the adoption fee. Most shelters or rescues charge an adoption fee that helps cover the cost of rescuing and caring for the dog, including spaying or neutering the pet and providing vet care after rescue. Fees vary depending upon the dog’s age, breed, and needs, as well what type of care and training the shelter provided. Make sure your method of payment is accepted at your shelter. You may not be able to adopt, for example, if you were planning on using a credit card but the shelter only takes cash or check. Contact the shelter to find out what the adoption fee will be for your pet, if they have not already provided you with that information. 3-3. Set up a home visit. Some shelters require a home visit before they allow you to adopt a dog. Ask your shelter if this is one of their requirements, and if so set up a date and time to have your visit. Ask your shelter about the parameters of the visit in advance. Will it be a day visit, or will it be overnight? Will the shelter provide food, a bed, and some toys? What do you need to supply? The goal of a visit is generally to ensure that you can properly care for the dog. Ask what sort of documentation you need provide from the visit to demonstrate this. Make sure you have the time. It is ill-advised to leave the dog alone during a home visit. Make sure you have your errands for the day completed before the dog arrives, and take time off work or school if necessary to spend the day with the dog. 3-4. Set up your pickup. Once you have filled out all of the paperwork and received the shelter’s approval, you are ready to bring your new pet home. Set up a time to pick up your pet from the shelter and bring them to their new, permanent home. Make sure you have proper transportation. Even if your local public transit systems allow pets on board, it may be a scary or confusing trip for your dog, and they could lash out. Make sure you have a car or a ride lined up to get your pet home quickly and with minimal stress. Arrange to pick your pet up on a day where you will be able to stay with it the whole day. Your new dog will likely be confused and a little scared. Leaving them alone for extended periods right after you bring them home won’t help that. Take the day to get to know your new dog, and help acclimate them to their new environment. 4. Caring for Your Adopted Dog 4-1. Train a puppy. If you bring home a puppy, they may have lots of energy that needs to be properly cared for. Enroll you and your puppy in a basic behavioral training class. This will not only teach your puppy proper behavior, it will help you learn how to deal with some of their less-adorable actions and habits. The key to training is consistency. Attend every class, and practice commands and behaviors at home in between classes. Consider further training if your puppy still needs some discipline after they finish their basic puppy training. Local pet stores often have training classes for both puppies and newly adopted pets. Contact a local store to see if they offer classes, or to get recommendations for local trainers. 4-2. Socialize your dog. It is important for your new dog to be able to interact with both other dogs and people in a healthy, respectful way. Socialize your dog by introducing them to other dogs and new people, and training them to properly interact. Understand that this may take time with a rescued animal. Rescue animals can be shy or cautious. It is important to offer the opportunity to socialize, but do not force them into any action. This could cause harm to both your dog and whomever they interact with. Start with exposure to friends and family in the home. Allow your dog to meet new people in familiar surroundings before leaving them with new people for any extended period of time. Try a dog park to get your dog socializing with other dogs. If you believe your new dog may be too aggressive to socialize with other dogs or people, work with a behavioral specialist to help train them. This often comes from previous training, or a place of fear within the dogs. Proper training can help them learn proper behavior with positive reinforcement. 4-3. Get a vet check. Even if the shelter provided vet work for your new dog, it is important to get your dog a vet check once you bring them home. This allows your dog and your vet to get to know one another. It also lets your vet assess your new pet and set them up on the right care plan for their needs. Call your vet and let them know that you have a new dog. Ask to set up an initial visit to introduce your dog to your vet and set up a care package for your pet. 4-4. Be patient. Your new dog is likely being asked to understand a great deal of information all at once. On top of that, they may be dealing with their own mental stresses from their abandonment or life in their former home. Practice patience and understanding with your new dog as they acclimate to their new home. Avoid stereotypical but often harmful reinforcement behaviors such as hitting the dog, even lightly, with a rolled up newspaper or rubbing their nose in spots where they have an “accident.” Reward positive behaviors with affection, affirmation, and treats. Try not to react at all to negative behaviors unless they pose an immediate threat to the dog or someone else. Work with a trainer or behavioral specialist, if necessary, to find the right set of training techniques for you and your pet. Do not give up on your new dog if they do not act the way you want right away. Keep working with them and reinforcing good behavior. Tips Be aware that both shelters and breed rescues have dog adoption fees that help them cover some of their costs. These fees are typically much lower than buying a dog from a breeder or pet store. Be proud after you have adopted a dog because you have ended the sufferings of an innocent animal. Warnings Some bully breeds may be banned in certain areas. Check state and local regulation to make sure your dog is legal where you live. Make sure the dog you adopt is fully vet-checked before you adopt them, and that it doesn't have any undisclosed health issues.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:29", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Finding a Dog\\n1-1. Research breeds.\\nDifferent dog breeds have different personalities and different needs. Research different breed types and find the breeds that you will best be able to care for. There are a number of online resources as well as books and magazines dedicated to different dog breeds to help you in your search.\\nMatch the breed to your activity level. Some dog breeds are more energetic than others. If you are a sedentary person who enjoys quiet activities, it would be ill-advised to adopt breed of dog known for its high energy, such as Boxer or a Jack Russell Terrier. Instead, look at quiet breeds like Pekingese or Shih Tzus.\\nTake your living area into account. Think about adopting a dog on the smaller side if you live in an apartment. Larger dogs can live in smaller areas, but special care should be taken to ensure they receive the proper amount of exercise. On the other hand, some small dogs may feel overwhelmed or in a dangerous environment at a home with acres of land.\\nDetermine your time constraints. If you adopt a puppy, you may have to do all the training. Older dogs may already be housebroken and have some training. Additionally, some dogs simply need more stimulation throughout the day. Consider how much time you have to give to your new dog.\\n1-2. Look at special needs dogs.\\nConsider whether you would like to adopt a special needs dog. Special needs dogs come in many forms, from those needing extra vet care and those who have physical disabilities to those who may have been abused and have behavioral or emotional issues.\\nEnsure you understand the needs of the dog before you commit to adopting it. A dog that has a chronic condition may require frequent trips to the vet. Make sure you can handle that expense if that is the kind of care your special needs dog requires.\\nSet aside some extra time for the dog. Many dogs are nervous when they are first brought to a new home, and that can be compounded for special needs dogs. Make sure you have extra time set aside when you first adopt the dog to familiarize it with you, anyone else in your home, and the new space.\\nAsk the shelter or rescue, “What specifically will I need to do and to supply in order to properly care for this dog?”\\n1-3. Visit your shelter.\\nDog breeds of all ages and training levels may be found at a shelter. Call and ask to set up a visit so that you can come by and meet the adoptable dog. Also ask them how you might be able to meet dogs in their foster program, if they have one.\\nConsider looking at the shelter’s website before you visit. Many shelters have information regarding adoptable pets both in their shelter and in their foster home program. Read over pet profiles to get to know the dogs’ personalities as well as their individual needs.\\nPut your name on the shelter's call list if you are looking for a very specific type of dog, such as a rare breed. Most shelters will give you a call if a certain type of dog is brought to them.\\nContact your local breed rescue. If you want to adopt a certain breed of dog or desire a purebred, look online or in the phone book for numbers to a breed rescue.\\n2. Preparing for a New Dog\\n2-1. Buy items you will need to care for a dog.\\nThis may include a collar and leash, food and water bowls, and appropriate food. You may also want to buy a crate or a carrier, toys, dog bed, and training treats. Here is a list of useful supplies:\\nFood dish\\nDog food\\nWater dish\\nHarness or collar\\nLeash\\nTag\\nDog bed\\nA crate\\nA travel carrier\\nA dog bed and/or a blanket\\nNew toys\\n2-2. Find a vet.\\nYou likely don’t need to set up a patient profile with a vet before you adopt your dog, but shelters often ask you to find a veterinary practice you want to use before you bring your dog home. This ensures that you are prepared from the moment you bring your dog home.\\nContact local vets and ask about their experience with your kind of dog. If you are adopting a certain breed, ask the vet if they are comfortable working with that breed. If you are getting a special needs pet, ask the vet if they have experience caring for your dog’s particular needs.\\nAsk about a wellness plan. Many vets do puppy and dog wellness plans that include a certain number of visits and services, such as vaccines and heartworm tests, a year. Ask your vet if they offer packages at a discounted rate to help keep your new dog covered.\\n2-3. Dog-proof your house.\\nIf your house is not already set up for your new dog, go through and make sure you remove or relocate potential hazards for your new pet. The extent of dog-proofing will depend largely on the size of your dog and its personality, but steps to take often include:\\nBlocking access to stairs that may lead to areas you do not want your dog, or that may be harmful to small puppies\\nCovering trash cans without lids\\nSecuring low-set cabinets that the dog may be able to access, especially if you keep food or cleaning products in them\\nMoving or blocking anything with sharp corners or edges that could cut\\nCovering toilets, especially those with sanitizing flush products\\nEnsuring you have a fenced-in yard or area for your dog to spend time outside\\nRemoving or barricading any potentially harmful plants, such as fruits, vegetables, and palm trees, in your yard or home\\nAssessing other areas as needed\\n3. Adopting Your New Dog\\n3-1. Fill out the paperwork.\\nOnce you have found a dog you like and you have prepared yourself and your home for their arrival, start the adoption process by filling out the necessary paperwork with the shelter or rescue. Let the shelter know that you are ready to adopt, confirm the dog you want is still available, and ask them to send you a copy of the adoption paperwork.\\nAdoption paperwork can be a lengthy process. It may require not only your name and address, but contact information for your vet, personal references, and even statements regarding why you want to adopt and what you have done to prepare.\\nUnderstand that shelters are trying to ensure that the dogs find loving, caring, permanent homes that will be able to provide for the dog throughout its life. Fill out the paperwork as completely as possible.\\n3-2. Pay the adoption fee.\\nMost shelters or rescues charge an adoption fee that helps cover the cost of rescuing and caring for the dog, including spaying or neutering the pet and providing vet care after rescue. Fees vary depending upon the dog’s age, breed, and needs, as well what type of care and training the shelter provided.\\nMake sure your method of payment is accepted at your shelter. You may not be able to adopt, for example, if you were planning on using a credit card but the shelter only takes cash or check.\\nContact the shelter to find out what the adoption fee will be for your pet, if they have not already provided you with that information.\\n3-3. Set up a home visit.\\nSome shelters require a home visit before they allow you to adopt a dog. Ask your shelter if this is one of their requirements, and if so set up a date and time to have your visit.\\nAsk your shelter about the parameters of the visit in advance. Will it be a day visit, or will it be overnight? Will the shelter provide food, a bed, and some toys? What do you need to supply?\\nThe goal of a visit is generally to ensure that you can properly care for the dog. Ask what sort of documentation you need provide from the visit to demonstrate this.\\nMake sure you have the time. It is ill-advised to leave the dog alone during a home visit. Make sure you have your errands for the day completed before the dog arrives, and take time off work or school if necessary to spend the day with the dog.\\n3-4. Set up your pickup.\\nOnce you have filled out all of the paperwork and received the shelter’s approval, you are ready to bring your new pet home. Set up a time to pick up your pet from the shelter and bring them to their new, permanent home.\\nMake sure you have proper transportation. Even if your local public transit systems allow pets on board, it may be a scary or confusing trip for your dog, and they could lash out. Make sure you have a car or a ride lined up to get your pet home quickly and with minimal stress.\\nArrange to pick your pet up on a day where you will be able to stay with it the whole day. Your new dog will likely be confused and a little scared. Leaving them alone for extended periods right after you bring them home won’t help that. Take the day to get to know your new dog, and help acclimate them to their new environment.\\n4. Caring for Your Adopted Dog\\n4-1. Train a puppy.\\nIf you bring home a puppy, they may have lots of energy that needs to be properly cared for. Enroll you and your puppy in a basic behavioral training class. This will not only teach your puppy proper behavior, it will help you learn how to deal with some of their less-adorable actions and habits.\\nThe key to training is consistency. Attend every class, and practice commands and behaviors at home in between classes.\\nConsider further training if your puppy still needs some discipline after they finish their basic puppy training.\\nLocal pet stores often have training classes for both puppies and newly adopted pets. Contact a local store to see if they offer classes, or to get recommendations for local trainers.\\n4-2. Socialize your dog.\\nIt is important for your new dog to be able to interact with both other dogs and people in a healthy, respectful way. Socialize your dog by introducing them to other dogs and new people, and training them to properly interact.\\nUnderstand that this may take time with a rescued animal. Rescue animals can be shy or cautious. It is important to offer the opportunity to socialize, but do not force them into any action. This could cause harm to both your dog and whomever they interact with.\\nStart with exposure to friends and family in the home. Allow your dog to meet new people in familiar surroundings before leaving them with new people for any extended period of time.\\nTry a dog park to get your dog socializing with other dogs.\\nIf you believe your new dog may be too aggressive to socialize with other dogs or people, work with a behavioral specialist to help train them. This often comes from previous training, or a place of fear within the dogs. Proper training can help them learn proper behavior with positive reinforcement.\\n4-3. Get a vet check.\\nEven if the shelter provided vet work for your new dog, it is important to get your dog a vet check once you bring them home. This allows your dog and your vet to get to know one another. It also lets your vet assess your new pet and set them up on the right care plan for their needs.\\nCall your vet and let them know that you have a new dog. Ask to set up an initial visit to introduce your dog to your vet and set up a care package for your pet.\\n4-4. Be patient.\\nYour new dog is likely being asked to understand a great deal of information all at once. On top of that, they may be dealing with their own mental stresses from their abandonment or life in their former home. Practice patience and understanding with your new dog as they acclimate to their new home.\\nAvoid stereotypical but often harmful reinforcement behaviors such as hitting the dog, even lightly, with a rolled up newspaper or rubbing their nose in spots where they have an “accident.”\\nReward positive behaviors with affection, affirmation, and treats. Try not to react at all to negative behaviors unless they pose an immediate threat to the dog or someone else.\\nWork with a trainer or behavioral specialist, if necessary, to find the right set of training techniques for you and your pet.\\nDo not give up on your new dog if they do not act the way you want right away. Keep working with them and reinforcing good behavior.\\nTips\\nBe aware that both shelters and breed rescues have dog adoption fees that help them cover some of their costs. These fees are typically much lower than buying a dog from a breeder or pet store.\\nBe proud after you have adopted a dog because you have ended the sufferings of an innocent animal.\\nWarnings\\nSome bully breeds may be banned in certain areas. Check state and local regulation to make sure your dog is legal where you live.\\nMake sure the dog you adopt is fully vet-checked before you adopt them, and that it doesn't have any undisclosed health issues.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Bringing a dog into your life through adoption can be a life-saving proposition for a dog that has been abandoned or abused, and it can be a life-enhancing experience for you. Dogs of all breeds and ages can be found for canine adoption and can be adopted from a variety of places including breed rescue centers, no-kill animal shelters, or foster programs.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finding a Dog\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research breeds.\", \"描述\": \"Different dog breeds have different personalities and different needs. Research different breed types and find the breeds that you will best be able to care for. There are a number of online resources as well as books and magazines dedicated to different dog breeds to help you in your search.\\nMatch the breed to your activity level. Some dog breeds are more energetic than others. If you are a sedentary person who enjoys quiet activities, it would be ill-advised to adopt breed of dog known for its high energy, such as Boxer or a Jack Russell Terrier. Instead, look at quiet breeds like Pekingese or Shih Tzus.\\nTake your living area into account. Think about adopting a dog on the smaller side if you live in an apartment. Larger dogs can live in smaller areas, but special care should be taken to ensure they receive the proper amount of exercise. On the other hand, some small dogs may feel overwhelmed or in a dangerous environment at a home with acres of land.\\nDetermine your time constraints. If you adopt a puppy, you may have to do all the training. Older dogs may already be housebroken and have some training. Additionally, some dogs simply need more stimulation throughout the day. Consider how much time you have to give to your new dog.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look at special needs dogs.\", \"描述\": \"Consider whether you would like to adopt a special needs dog. Special needs dogs come in many forms, from those needing extra vet care and those who have physical disabilities to those who may have been abused and have behavioral or emotional issues.\\nEnsure you understand the needs of the dog before you commit to adopting it. A dog that has a chronic condition may require frequent trips to the vet. Make sure you can handle that expense if that is the kind of care your special needs dog requires.\\nSet aside some extra time for the dog. Many dogs are nervous when they are first brought to a new home, and that can be compounded for special needs dogs. Make sure you have extra time set aside when you first adopt the dog to familiarize it with you, anyone else in your home, and the new space.\\nAsk the shelter or rescue, “What specifically will I need to do and to supply in order to properly care for this dog?”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Visit your shelter.\", \"描述\": \"Dog breeds of all ages and training levels may be found at a shelter. Call and ask to set up a visit so that you can come by and meet the adoptable dog. Also ask them how you might be able to meet dogs in their foster program, if they have one.\\nConsider looking at the shelter’s website before you visit. Many shelters have information regarding adoptable pets both in their shelter and in their foster home program. Read over pet profiles to get to know the dogs’ personalities as well as their individual needs.\\nPut your name on the shelter's call list if you are looking for a very specific type of dog, such as a rare breed. Most shelters will give you a call if a certain type of dog is brought to them.\\nContact your local breed rescue. If you want to adopt a certain breed of dog or desire a purebred, look online or in the phone book for numbers to a breed rescue.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Preparing for a New Dog\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Buy items you will need to care for a dog.\", \"描述\": \"This may include a collar and leash, food and water bowls, and appropriate food. You may also want to buy a crate or a carrier, toys, dog bed, and training treats. Here is a list of useful supplies:\\nFood dish\\nDog food\\nWater dish\\nHarness or collar\\nLeash\\nTag\\nDog bed\\nA crate\\nA travel carrier\\nA dog bed and/or a blanket\\nNew toys\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find a vet.\", \"描述\": \"You likely don’t need to set up a patient profile with a vet before you adopt your dog, but shelters often ask you to find a veterinary practice you want to use before you bring your dog home. This ensures that you are prepared from the moment you bring your dog home.\\nContact local vets and ask about their experience with your kind of dog. If you are adopting a certain breed, ask the vet if they are comfortable working with that breed. If you are getting a special needs pet, ask the vet if they have experience caring for your dog’s particular needs.\\nAsk about a wellness plan. Many vets do puppy and dog wellness plans that include a certain number of visits and services, such as vaccines and heartworm tests, a year. Ask your vet if they offer packages at a discounted rate to help keep your new dog covered.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Dog-proof your house.\", \"描述\": \"If your house is not already set up for your new dog, go through and make sure you remove or relocate potential hazards for your new pet. The extent of dog-proofing will depend largely on the size of your dog and its personality, but steps to take often include:\\nBlocking access to stairs that may lead to areas you do not want your dog, or that may be harmful to small puppies\\nCovering trash cans without lids\\nSecuring low-set cabinets that the dog may be able to access, especially if you keep food or cleaning products in them\\nMoving or blocking anything with sharp corners or edges that could cut\\nCovering toilets, especially those with sanitizing flush products\\nEnsuring you have a fenced-in yard or area for your dog to spend time outside\\nRemoving or barricading any potentially harmful plants, such as fruits, vegetables, and palm trees, in your yard or home\\nAssessing other areas as needed\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Adopting Your New Dog\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fill out the paperwork.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have found a dog you like and you have prepared yourself and your home for their arrival, start the adoption process by filling out the necessary paperwork with the shelter or rescue. Let the shelter know that you are ready to adopt, confirm the dog you want is still available, and ask them to send you a copy of the adoption paperwork.\\nAdoption paperwork can be a lengthy process. It may require not only your name and address, but contact information for your vet, personal references, and even statements regarding why you want to adopt and what you have done to prepare.\\nUnderstand that shelters are trying to ensure that the dogs find loving, caring, permanent homes that will be able to provide for the dog throughout its life. Fill out the paperwork as completely as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pay the adoption fee.\", \"描述\": \"Most shelters or rescues charge an adoption fee that helps cover the cost of rescuing and caring for the dog, including spaying or neutering the pet and providing vet care after rescue. Fees vary depending upon the dog’s age, breed, and needs, as well what type of care and training the shelter provided.\\nMake sure your method of payment is accepted at your shelter. You may not be able to adopt, for example, if you were planning on using a credit card but the shelter only takes cash or check.\\nContact the shelter to find out what the adoption fee will be for your pet, if they have not already provided you with that information.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set up a home visit.\", \"描述\": \"Some shelters require a home visit before they allow you to adopt a dog. Ask your shelter if this is one of their requirements, and if so set up a date and time to have your visit.\\nAsk your shelter about the parameters of the visit in advance. Will it be a day visit, or will it be overnight? Will the shelter provide food, a bed, and some toys? What do you need to supply?\\nThe goal of a visit is generally to ensure that you can properly care for the dog. Ask what sort of documentation you need provide from the visit to demonstrate this.\\nMake sure you have the time. It is ill-advised to leave the dog alone during a home visit. Make sure you have your errands for the day completed before the dog arrives, and take time off work or school if necessary to spend the day with the dog.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Set up your pickup.\", \"描述\": \"Once you have filled out all of the paperwork and received the shelter’s approval, you are ready to bring your new pet home. Set up a time to pick up your pet from the shelter and bring them to their new, permanent home.\\nMake sure you have proper transportation. Even if your local public transit systems allow pets on board, it may be a scary or confusing trip for your dog, and they could lash out. Make sure you have a car or a ride lined up to get your pet home quickly and with minimal stress.\\nArrange to pick your pet up on a day where you will be able to stay with it the whole day. Your new dog will likely be confused and a little scared. Leaving them alone for extended periods right after you bring them home won’t help that. Take the day to get to know your new dog, and help acclimate them to their new environment.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Caring for Your Adopted Dog\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Train a puppy.\", \"描述\": \"If you bring home a puppy, they may have lots of energy that needs to be properly cared for. Enroll you and your puppy in a basic behavioral training class. This will not only teach your puppy proper behavior, it will help you learn how to deal with some of their less-adorable actions and habits.\\nThe key to training is consistency. Attend every class, and practice commands and behaviors at home in between classes.\\nConsider further training if your puppy still needs some discipline after they finish their basic puppy training.\\nLocal pet stores often have training classes for both puppies and newly adopted pets. Contact a local store to see if they offer classes, or to get recommendations for local trainers.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Socialize your dog.\", \"描述\": \"It is important for your new dog to be able to interact with both other dogs and people in a healthy, respectful way. Socialize your dog by introducing them to other dogs and new people, and training them to properly interact.\\nUnderstand that this may take time with a rescued animal. Rescue animals can be shy or cautious. It is important to offer the opportunity to socialize, but do not force them into any action. This could cause harm to both your dog and whomever they interact with.\\nStart with exposure to friends and family in the home. Allow your dog to meet new people in familiar surroundings before leaving them with new people for any extended period of time.\\nTry a dog park to get your dog socializing with other dogs.\\nIf you believe your new dog may be too aggressive to socialize with other dogs or people, work with a behavioral specialist to help train them. This often comes from previous training, or a place of fear within the dogs. Proper training can help them learn proper behavior with positive reinforcement.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a vet check.\", \"描述\": \"Even if the shelter provided vet work for your new dog, it is important to get your dog a vet check once you bring them home. This allows your dog and your vet to get to know one another. It also lets your vet assess your new pet and set them up on the right care plan for their needs.\\nCall your vet and let them know that you have a new dog. Ask to set up an initial visit to introduce your dog to your vet and set up a care package for your pet.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be patient.\", \"描述\": \"Your new dog is likely being asked to understand a great deal of information all at once. On top of that, they may be dealing with their own mental stresses from their abandonment or life in their former home. Practice patience and understanding with your new dog as they acclimate to their new home.\\nAvoid stereotypical but often harmful reinforcement behaviors such as hitting the dog, even lightly, with a rolled up newspaper or rubbing their nose in spots where they have an “accident.”\\nReward positive behaviors with affection, affirmation, and treats. Try not to react at all to negative behaviors unless they pose an immediate threat to the dog or someone else.\\nWork with a trainer or behavioral specialist, if necessary, to find the right set of training techniques for you and your pet.\\nDo not give up on your new dog if they do not act the way you want right away. Keep working with them and reinforcing good behavior.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be aware that both shelters and breed rescues have dog adoption fees that help them cover some of their costs. These fees are typically much lower than buying a dog from a breeder or pet store.\\n\", \"Be proud after you have adopted a dog because you have ended the sufferings of an innocent animal.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Some bully breeds may be banned in certain areas. Check state and local regulation to make sure your dog is legal where you live.\\n\", \"Make sure the dog you adopt is fully vet-checked before you adopt them, and that it doesn't have any undisclosed health issues.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,499
How to Adopt a Dog from Overseas
1. Selecting a Dog to Adopt 1-1. Make sure you have adequate funds to adopt a dog overseas. Adopting a dog overseas is not cheap. In addition to an adoption fee, there are costs like travel, veterinarian exams, and fines and fees for transporting a dog in or out of the country. On average, it can cost anywhere between $150 and $2,000 to adopt a dog overseas. Make sure you can get this money together before committing to the adoption process. 1-2. Seek out international adoption agencies. You may find a dog you want to adopt while traveling overseas. For example, you may find a stray you want to take in or meet a dog at a local shelter. However, if you simply want to adopt a dog in need from another country, you will have to find an agency to work with that will help you find a dog that works for you. Try seeing if there is a branch of the Humane Society operating in the country where you're thinking of adopting a dog. You can also look into Humane Society International, which can help pair you with dogs in need from a variety of countries. There are also organizations that can help with cost of transportation, if that's an issue. The nonprofit Pilots N' Paws, for example, works with pilots and other airline officials to help with transportation costs. Agencies in some countries will also work to spay and neuter stray dog to help get them adopted out of the country. This is especially common in small island nations. 1-3. Consider your lifestyle. If you're thinking of adopting a dog, whether from overseas or locally, you should always consider your lifestyle first. Do you truly have time for the responsibility? If you're going to put the time and money into adopting a dog overseas, make sure you are up for the task first. Do you have the time and money to dedicate to a dog? Can you provide a rescue dog with the time and attention it will need? Rescue dogs may have special needs, and if you're transporting a dog from another country the transition may be rough. Be honest with yourself as to whether you have the extra time necessary to care for a rescue dog. Many dogs from other countries are mixed breeds, meaning that they tend to be healthier and less susceptible to diseases than some purebred dogs. If you already found a dog to adopt, think about whether that dog's personality matches with your lifestyle. A very energetic dog, for example, may not work great for you if you tend to stay in a lot and live in a small building. However, if the dog in question is more of a couch potato, it may be a good match for you. 1-4. Visit the dog first if possible. The best way to tell if a rescue dog works for you is to visit in person. Interacting with the dog will help you tell whether you and the dog are able to bond. If a trip to the country where you're adopting is possible, make this trip first. It's always better to meet a dog in person before committing to an adoption. If you can't meet the dog in person, read as much about it as you can prior to adopting. You may also be able to video chat or call the agency to discuss the dog further. The more information you have, the more likely you will be to find a dog that matches your lifestyle. 2. Handling Legal Issues 2-1. Check legal requirements for your country. When you're ready to start the process of adopting your dog, start by checking regulations in your country. Requirements in terms of veterinary exams, fees, and quarantine periods vary greatly between countries. If you're working with an international adoption agency, someone there should be able to walk you through the process. You can usually find the information online through a website associated with your government. Organizations like the Centers for Disease Control provide information on overseas adoption for many different countries. 2-2. Get a health exam from a local vet. Most countries require a health certificate that will travel with the dog from their native country to their new home. When your dog travels through customs, a veterinarian or customs worker will need to view this certificate to assure your dog is healthy and will not bring any contagious diseases into your country. Locate a reputable local vet to perform a basic exam on your dog. Have them fill out any required paperwork assuring your dog's health. If you're working with an adoption agency, they may have their own vet that provides exams and health certificates. Always check requirements in your own country in regards to paperwork. Some countries may not require a veterinary exam, or may require more than one exam before a dog may enter the country. 2-3. Get proof of rabies vaccination when bringing a dog into the United States. Rabies is still a problem in the United States. While rabies has been more or less eradicated in countries like Australia, there are still cases of rabies in the US each year. When bringing a dog into the United States, you are required to get your dog a rabies vaccination. If your dog has never been vaccinated before, it needs to be vaccinated at least 30 days before arriving in the United States. Many import requirements will need at least 2 rabies vaccines, so if you are adopting a puppy under a year old, you may need to get them a booster to be compliant. You will need a certificate that includes information regarding you and your dog, such as your name and address, a description of your dog, the date of the vaccination, and so on. The vet that performs the vaccination can fill out this certificate. Puppies cannot be vaccinated until they're at least three months old. Therefore, a puppy will have to be at least four months old before it can enter the United States. If you're trying to adopt a puppy younger than this, you may need to wait before officially completing the adoption. 2-4. Deal with screwworm issues, if necessary. Screwworm is a parasite that is an issue in certain countries. If you're bringing a dog into the United States from a country where screwworm is an issue, you will need a certification stating your dog is screwworm free. Screwworm is present in countries such as Kenya, Iraq, Jamaica, Peru, and Nigeria. You can find a full list of countries where screwworm is an issue on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website. You need to have a certificate filled out by a full-time salaried veterinarian stating your dog has been inspected for screwworm and is screwworm free. This certificate should be filled out at least 5 days before your dog has been shipped to the United States. 2-5. Get your dog a microchip when moving to an EU country. Microchips are small chips embedded into your dog's skin that provide identification in the event your dog gets lost. Not all countries require microchips. For EU countries, however, a microchip is required for all dogs entering the country. Your dog will need to be microchipped before you travel into an EU country. You will also need documentation verifying your dog has been microchipped. Check specific regulations for the country where you're traveling. Some countries will accept any type of microchip while other countries require specific brands of microchips for entry. Check the type of microchip to make sure your dog is complaint, and so that your vet knows what type of scanner to use when checking your dog. 3. Completing Your Adoption 3-1. Check with your airline about flying a dog overseas. If you're taking a dog back with you from vacation, or bringing a dog back after visiting, talk to your airline. Make sure you're allowed to bring your dog on the plane and figure out the cost and requirements for air travel with a dog. Airlines often charge extra for you to bring a dog with you. It can cost anywhere between $200 and $2,000 to transport a dog from overseas. If cost is an issue, reach out to a charity organization like Pilots N' Paws to see if they can help with some of the cost. If you're already working with an adoption agency, they may be able to have the dog transported for you at a reduced rate. Some companies, such as Potcakes in Turks and Caicos, have vacationer fly puppies back with them to their home city to meet their adopted family. Check with your adopting organization to see if a program like this is an option. 3-2. Find alternative modes of transportation. If it's not possible to have a dog on an airplane with you, you may be able to check the dog as baggage or unaccompanied cargo. The dog would still be on the plane, but not in the cabin with you. Explore these options if your airline does not allow dogs on the plane. 3-3. Undergo an airport inspection, if required. The majority of countries will have some form of airport inspection. This is usually conducted by a veterinarian at the airport. The purpose is to make sure your dog is disease free before it enters your country. You may also have to present paperwork, such as a proof of rabies vaccination, at this point. Make sure you have your paperwork ready to go when you meet with an airport veterinarian. You want to make sure you enter the country when the airport vet is ready to conduct an inspection. Some airports may not have vets on staff all the time, so getting your dog past customs may require some waiting. 3-4. Contact your state animal health officials once you get home. Local regulations for overseas pets vary, even within the same country. Once you and your dog get home, contact state animal health officials. They can help you complete any remaining paperwork to finalize the adoption process.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:29", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Selecting a Dog to Adopt\\n1-1. Make sure you have adequate funds to adopt a dog overseas.\\nAdopting a dog overseas is not cheap. In addition to an adoption fee, there are costs like travel, veterinarian exams, and fines and fees for transporting a dog in or out of the country. On average, it can cost anywhere between $150 and $2,000 to adopt a dog overseas. Make sure you can get this money together before committing to the adoption process.\\n1-2. Seek out international adoption agencies.\\nYou may find a dog you want to adopt while traveling overseas. For example, you may find a stray you want to take in or meet a dog at a local shelter. However, if you simply want to adopt a dog in need from another country, you will have to find an agency to work with that will help you find a dog that works for you.\\nTry seeing if there is a branch of the Humane Society operating in the country where you're thinking of adopting a dog. You can also look into Humane Society International, which can help pair you with dogs in need from a variety of countries.\\nThere are also organizations that can help with cost of transportation, if that's an issue. The nonprofit Pilots N' Paws, for example, works with pilots and other airline officials to help with transportation costs.\\nAgencies in some countries will also work to spay and neuter stray dog to help get them adopted out of the country. This is especially common in small island nations.\\n1-3. Consider your lifestyle.\\nIf you're thinking of adopting a dog, whether from overseas or locally, you should always consider your lifestyle first. Do you truly have time for the responsibility? If you're going to put the time and money into adopting a dog overseas, make sure you are up for the task first.\\nDo you have the time and money to dedicate to a dog? Can you provide a rescue dog with the time and attention it will need? Rescue dogs may have special needs, and if you're transporting a dog from another country the transition may be rough. Be honest with yourself as to whether you have the extra time necessary to care for a rescue dog.\\nMany dogs from other countries are mixed breeds, meaning that they tend to be healthier and less susceptible to diseases than some purebred dogs.\\nIf you already found a dog to adopt, think about whether that dog's personality matches with your lifestyle. A very energetic dog, for example, may not work great for you if you tend to stay in a lot and live in a small building. However, if the dog in question is more of a couch potato, it may be a good match for you.\\n1-4. Visit the dog first if possible.\\nThe best way to tell if a rescue dog works for you is to visit in person. Interacting with the dog will help you tell whether you and the dog are able to bond. If a trip to the country where you're adopting is possible, make this trip first. It's always better to meet a dog in person before committing to an adoption.\\nIf you can't meet the dog in person, read as much about it as you can prior to adopting. You may also be able to video chat or call the agency to discuss the dog further. The more information you have, the more likely you will be to find a dog that matches your lifestyle.\\n2. Handling Legal Issues\\n2-1. Check legal requirements for your country.\\nWhen you're ready to start the process of adopting your dog, start by checking regulations in your country. Requirements in terms of veterinary exams, fees, and quarantine periods vary greatly between countries.\\nIf you're working with an international adoption agency, someone there should be able to walk you through the process.\\nYou can usually find the information online through a website associated with your government. Organizations like the Centers for Disease Control provide information on overseas adoption for many different countries.\\n2-2. Get a health exam from a local vet.\\nMost countries require a health certificate that will travel with the dog from their native country to their new home. When your dog travels through customs, a veterinarian or customs worker will need to view this certificate to assure your dog is healthy and will not bring any contagious diseases into your country.\\nLocate a reputable local vet to perform a basic exam on your dog. Have them fill out any required paperwork assuring your dog's health.\\nIf you're working with an adoption agency, they may have their own vet that provides exams and health certificates.\\nAlways check requirements in your own country in regards to paperwork. Some countries may not require a veterinary exam, or may require more than one exam before a dog may enter the country.\\n2-3. Get proof of rabies vaccination when bringing a dog into the United States.\\nRabies is still a problem in the United States. While rabies has been more or less eradicated in countries like Australia, there are still cases of rabies in the US each year. When bringing a dog into the United States, you are required to get your dog a rabies vaccination.\\nIf your dog has never been vaccinated before, it needs to be vaccinated at least 30 days before arriving in the United States. Many import requirements will need at least 2 rabies vaccines, so if you are adopting a puppy under a year old, you may need to get them a booster to be compliant.\\nYou will need a certificate that includes information regarding you and your dog, such as your name and address, a description of your dog, the date of the vaccination, and so on. The vet that performs the vaccination can fill out this certificate.\\nPuppies cannot be vaccinated until they're at least three months old. Therefore, a puppy will have to be at least four months old before it can enter the United States. If you're trying to adopt a puppy younger than this, you may need to wait before officially completing the adoption.\\n2-4. Deal with screwworm issues, if necessary.\\nScrewworm is a parasite that is an issue in certain countries. If you're bringing a dog into the United States from a country where screwworm is an issue, you will need a certification stating your dog is screwworm free.\\nScrewworm is present in countries such as Kenya, Iraq, Jamaica, Peru, and Nigeria. You can find a full list of countries where screwworm is an issue on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website.\\nYou need to have a certificate filled out by a full-time salaried veterinarian stating your dog has been inspected for screwworm and is screwworm free. This certificate should be filled out at least 5 days before your dog has been shipped to the United States.\\n2-5. Get your dog a microchip when moving to an EU country.\\nMicrochips are small chips embedded into your dog's skin that provide identification in the event your dog gets lost. Not all countries require microchips. For EU countries, however, a microchip is required for all dogs entering the country.\\nYour dog will need to be microchipped before you travel into an EU country. You will also need documentation verifying your dog has been microchipped.\\nCheck specific regulations for the country where you're traveling. Some countries will accept any type of microchip while other countries require specific brands of microchips for entry. Check the type of microchip to make sure your dog is complaint, and so that your vet knows what type of scanner to use when checking your dog.\\n3. Completing Your Adoption\\n3-1. Check with your airline about flying a dog overseas.\\nIf you're taking a dog back with you from vacation, or bringing a dog back after visiting, talk to your airline. Make sure you're allowed to bring your dog on the plane and figure out the cost and requirements for air travel with a dog.\\nAirlines often charge extra for you to bring a dog with you. It can cost anywhere between $200 and $2,000 to transport a dog from overseas.\\nIf cost is an issue, reach out to a charity organization like Pilots N' Paws to see if they can help with some of the cost. If you're already working with an adoption agency, they may be able to have the dog transported for you at a reduced rate.\\nSome companies, such as Potcakes in Turks and Caicos, have vacationer fly puppies back with them to their home city to meet their adopted family. Check with your adopting organization to see if a program like this is an option.\\n3-2. Find alternative modes of transportation.\\nIf it's not possible to have a dog on an airplane with you, you may be able to check the dog as baggage or unaccompanied cargo. The dog would still be on the plane, but not in the cabin with you. Explore these options if your airline does not allow dogs on the plane.\\n3-3. Undergo an airport inspection, if required.\\nThe majority of countries will have some form of airport inspection. This is usually conducted by a veterinarian at the airport. The purpose is to make sure your dog is disease free before it enters your country.\\nYou may also have to present paperwork, such as a proof of rabies vaccination, at this point. Make sure you have your paperwork ready to go when you meet with an airport veterinarian.\\nYou want to make sure you enter the country when the airport vet is ready to conduct an inspection. Some airports may not have vets on staff all the time, so getting your dog past customs may require some waiting.\\n3-4. Contact your state animal health officials once you get home.\\nLocal regulations for overseas pets vary, even within the same country. Once you and your dog get home, contact state animal health officials. They can help you complete any remaining paperwork to finalize the adoption process.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"There are many dogs in need of homes all over the world. Many animal rescue agencies can help you adopt a dog in need from another country. However, transferring a dog between countries can be costly and time consuming. You will need to make sure you can afford an overseas adoption. Make sure you fill out all the required paperwork in your country of origin. Your dog should also get any vaccinations necessary to enter the country safely.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Selecting a Dog to Adopt\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure you have adequate funds to adopt a dog overseas.\", \"描述\": \"Adopting a dog overseas is not cheap. In addition to an adoption fee, there are costs like travel, veterinarian exams, and fines and fees for transporting a dog in or out of the country. On average, it can cost anywhere between $150 and $2,000 to adopt a dog overseas. Make sure you can get this money together before committing to the adoption process.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Seek out international adoption agencies.\", \"描述\": \"You may find a dog you want to adopt while traveling overseas. For example, you may find a stray you want to take in or meet a dog at a local shelter. However, if you simply want to adopt a dog in need from another country, you will have to find an agency to work with that will help you find a dog that works for you.\\nTry seeing if there is a branch of the Humane Society operating in the country where you're thinking of adopting a dog. You can also look into Humane Society International, which can help pair you with dogs in need from a variety of countries.\\nThere are also organizations that can help with cost of transportation, if that's an issue. The nonprofit Pilots N' Paws, for example, works with pilots and other airline officials to help with transportation costs.\\nAgencies in some countries will also work to spay and neuter stray dog to help get them adopted out of the country. This is especially common in small island nations.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Consider your lifestyle.\", \"描述\": \"If you're thinking of adopting a dog, whether from overseas or locally, you should always consider your lifestyle first. Do you truly have time for the responsibility? If you're going to put the time and money into adopting a dog overseas, make sure you are up for the task first.\\nDo you have the time and money to dedicate to a dog? Can you provide a rescue dog with the time and attention it will need? Rescue dogs may have special needs, and if you're transporting a dog from another country the transition may be rough. Be honest with yourself as to whether you have the extra time necessary to care for a rescue dog.\\nMany dogs from other countries are mixed breeds, meaning that they tend to be healthier and less susceptible to diseases than some purebred dogs.\\nIf you already found a dog to adopt, think about whether that dog's personality matches with your lifestyle. A very energetic dog, for example, may not work great for you if you tend to stay in a lot and live in a small building. However, if the dog in question is more of a couch potato, it may be a good match for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Visit the dog first if possible.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to tell if a rescue dog works for you is to visit in person. Interacting with the dog will help you tell whether you and the dog are able to bond. If a trip to the country where you're adopting is possible, make this trip first. It's always better to meet a dog in person before committing to an adoption.\\nIf you can't meet the dog in person, read as much about it as you can prior to adopting. You may also be able to video chat or call the agency to discuss the dog further. The more information you have, the more likely you will be to find a dog that matches your lifestyle.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Handling Legal Issues\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check legal requirements for your country.\", \"描述\": \"When you're ready to start the process of adopting your dog, start by checking regulations in your country. Requirements in terms of veterinary exams, fees, and quarantine periods vary greatly between countries.\\nIf you're working with an international adoption agency, someone there should be able to walk you through the process.\\nYou can usually find the information online through a website associated with your government. Organizations like the Centers for Disease Control provide information on overseas adoption for many different countries.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a health exam from a local vet.\", \"描述\": \"Most countries require a health certificate that will travel with the dog from their native country to their new home. When your dog travels through customs, a veterinarian or customs worker will need to view this certificate to assure your dog is healthy and will not bring any contagious diseases into your country.\\nLocate a reputable local vet to perform a basic exam on your dog. Have them fill out any required paperwork assuring your dog's health.\\nIf you're working with an adoption agency, they may have their own vet that provides exams and health certificates.\\nAlways check requirements in your own country in regards to paperwork. Some countries may not require a veterinary exam, or may require more than one exam before a dog may enter the country.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get proof of rabies vaccination when bringing a dog into the United States.\", \"描述\": \"Rabies is still a problem in the United States. While rabies has been more or less eradicated in countries like Australia, there are still cases of rabies in the US each year. When bringing a dog into the United States, you are required to get your dog a rabies vaccination.\\nIf your dog has never been vaccinated before, it needs to be vaccinated at least 30 days before arriving in the United States. Many import requirements will need at least 2 rabies vaccines, so if you are adopting a puppy under a year old, you may need to get them a booster to be compliant.\\nYou will need a certificate that includes information regarding you and your dog, such as your name and address, a description of your dog, the date of the vaccination, and so on. The vet that performs the vaccination can fill out this certificate.\\nPuppies cannot be vaccinated until they're at least three months old. Therefore, a puppy will have to be at least four months old before it can enter the United States. If you're trying to adopt a puppy younger than this, you may need to wait before officially completing the adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Deal with screwworm issues, if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Screwworm is a parasite that is an issue in certain countries. If you're bringing a dog into the United States from a country where screwworm is an issue, you will need a certification stating your dog is screwworm free.\\nScrewworm is present in countries such as Kenya, Iraq, Jamaica, Peru, and Nigeria. You can find a full list of countries where screwworm is an issue on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website.\\nYou need to have a certificate filled out by a full-time salaried veterinarian stating your dog has been inspected for screwworm and is screwworm free. This certificate should be filled out at least 5 days before your dog has been shipped to the United States.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get your dog a microchip when moving to an EU country.\", \"描述\": \"Microchips are small chips embedded into your dog's skin that provide identification in the event your dog gets lost. Not all countries require microchips. For EU countries, however, a microchip is required for all dogs entering the country.\\nYour dog will need to be microchipped before you travel into an EU country. You will also need documentation verifying your dog has been microchipped.\\nCheck specific regulations for the country where you're traveling. Some countries will accept any type of microchip while other countries require specific brands of microchips for entry. Check the type of microchip to make sure your dog is complaint, and so that your vet knows what type of scanner to use when checking your dog.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Completing Your Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check with your airline about flying a dog overseas.\", \"描述\": \"If you're taking a dog back with you from vacation, or bringing a dog back after visiting, talk to your airline. Make sure you're allowed to bring your dog on the plane and figure out the cost and requirements for air travel with a dog.\\nAirlines often charge extra for you to bring a dog with you. It can cost anywhere between $200 and $2,000 to transport a dog from overseas.\\nIf cost is an issue, reach out to a charity organization like Pilots N' Paws to see if they can help with some of the cost. If you're already working with an adoption agency, they may be able to have the dog transported for you at a reduced rate.\\nSome companies, such as Potcakes in Turks and Caicos, have vacationer fly puppies back with them to their home city to meet their adopted family. Check with your adopting organization to see if a program like this is an option.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find alternative modes of transportation.\", \"描述\": \"If it's not possible to have a dog on an airplane with you, you may be able to check the dog as baggage or unaccompanied cargo. The dog would still be on the plane, but not in the cabin with you. Explore these options if your airline does not allow dogs on the plane.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Undergo an airport inspection, if required.\", \"描述\": \"The majority of countries will have some form of airport inspection. This is usually conducted by a veterinarian at the airport. The purpose is to make sure your dog is disease free before it enters your country.\\nYou may also have to present paperwork, such as a proof of rabies vaccination, at this point. Make sure you have your paperwork ready to go when you meet with an airport veterinarian.\\nYou want to make sure you enter the country when the airport vet is ready to conduct an inspection. Some airports may not have vets on staff all the time, so getting your dog past customs may require some waiting.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Contact your state animal health officials once you get home.\", \"描述\": \"Local regulations for overseas pets vary, even within the same country. Once you and your dog get home, contact state animal health officials. They can help you complete any remaining paperwork to finalize the adoption process.\"}]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,500
How to Adopt a Family Member
1. Planning for the Adoption 1-1. Consider the effect on your family. Many placements with relatives are a result of the parents being unable to care for the child. There may have been neglect, even abuse of the child, and the situation may be very emotionally charged in the family. Grandparents may especially be torn between loyalty to their birth child and concern for their grandchild. Aunts and uncles are usually closer in age to the birth parent, but taking in a niece or nephew can change the dynamic in marriages and existing families. If the child is old enough to have a relationship with her birth parents, there may be issues of separation and abandonment. Prospective kinship parents should consider family counseling sessions before committing to an adoption. If the child came to your family via a court case, discuss kinship adoption with the child's social worker. Make sure you understand the state's role in the adoption. 1-2. Evaluate your options and make sure an adoption is right for your family. A kinship adoption is different than other types because it requires people that you know personally, the natural parents, both consent, die, or be declared unfit. There may be competing interests between maternal and paternal grandparents and other factions of the family. The state child welfare agency is almost always involved. There are several options for placing the child and you should speak with an attorney or social worker to do what is best for the child and your family. Custody and legal placement. To keep the child out of the foster care system, the court will look to blood relatives first. If you are fit and have the resources to care for the child, the state will often take legal custody of the child and place her in your home. You handle all the day-to-day activities of a parent under the supervision of the court. This is always a temporary situation, usually lasting less than a year. Guardianship. This can be a good option for kinship placements. The court issues an order that gives you legal custody of the child and all legal rights to act as her parent. The difference between a guardianship and an adoption is that the rights of the birth parents are not severed. However, if the birth parents want to be involved in the child's life, they must go to court. In a guardianship, you may be eligible to receive child support payments from the birth parents. Adoption completely severs of the birth parents' legal rights to the child. As the kinship adopter, you become the child's parent in all facets of the law. You have the same rights and responsibilities of any other parent. 1-3. Know your rights in court cases. Generally, under the law, blood relatives have a special status in court cases involving the care and placement of minor children. These cases include when the child is in the custody of the state, when the child survives both of her parents and there is no guardianship in place, or in an adoption proceedings. Federal law requires agencies to make reasonable efforts to keep siblings together in one home, offering services as needed to make the placement work. If there is a case involving a child who is your blood relative and you can show you have a relationship with the child, you can ask the court for "interested party" status. This means you have a right to receive documents and reports as well as notice of court hearings. Ten states have laws requiring agencies to give preference to blood relatives when evaluating adoption placements. In most states, if the parent purposely sent the child to live with relatives and consents to the adoption, the laws are set up to streamline the procedure. Typically, if the child has been living with the relative for some time, the home study will be cursory or waived all together. 1-4. Research benefits and adoption assistance. Even though protecting your grandchild or niece may be the most important thing in your mind and heart, you also have to cope with the financial realities of raising a child. Most states offer some sort of assistance for adoptive parents. If the child has special needs, most states will offer support, access to services, and in some cases, financial stipends. As the adoptive parent, you will also be eligible to add the child to your employer health insurance or apply for insurance through the state. 1-5. Confer with a family law attorney. A kinship adoption is often the most complicated of all adoption proceedings. In a stranger adoption, the parents' rights have been severed and custody transferred to the state before you are even considered. In a stepchild adoption, one of the birth parents is actively involved. However, in a kinship adoption, the issues with the birth parents may be unresolved, there may be resentment in the family, the state child welfare agency may have a custody interest, and the child may be ambivalent about being adopted. As a result, it is not recommended that you attempt to do a kinship adoption on your own as a pro se party. If you have the financial resources, you can retain a family law attorney to act on your behalf. Write a letter to the court hearing the child welfare case and ask if you qualify for court-appointed counsel. Speak with your local Legal Aid office. There is a Legal Aid office for every county in the United States and, if you meet their income guidelines, you may qualify for representation. Contact the local bar association. Most bar associations have attorneys who are willing to assist with this type of case for a reduced fee or pro bono. 2. Filing the Adoption 2-1. Institute an adoption proceeding. If the state is not involved, your attorney will file the adoption in the appropriate court on your behalf. A preliminary hearing will be scheduled to give the birth parents an opportunity to file a response to the petition. If the birth parents both consent, they will sign notarized forms surrendering their parental rights. At this stage, the family of the other parent may request the right to intervene or contest the adoption. 2-2. Seek agency cooperation. If a state agency is involved, you will need their cooperation and approval for a kinship adoption. A supportive social worker can be your biggest asset. The agency should have the documents needed for the adoption, such as certified birth certificates and parental death certificates. They also have access to records that can help locate absentee parents for service and consent. Cooperate fully with requested home visits, interviews, and criminal background checks. Most states have laws in place to streamline these procedures and give preference to blood relatives, but your cooperation is essential. Be open and honest. After the state becomes involved, there is no "private family business." Grandparents may be asked to submit to physical examinations to determine if they are healthy enough to be adoptive parents for young children. 2-3. Discuss consent to the adoption. If you are looking to adopt a grandchild or the child of your sibling, talk with the family member birth parent about consenting to the adoption. You should also talk to the rest of the immediate family about their feelings. Forcing the court to sever parental rights can cause dissent in the family that is not good for the child. 2-4. Work with your attorney. You may need to provide your own birth certificates, marriage and divorce documents, and employment records. Don't keep any secrets from your lawyer. If there is something in your past that may be an issue, such as a former drug problem, health issue, or criminal conviction, be honest about it before it becomes an issue in the adoption. If your attorney is court-appointed, Legal Aid, or working pro bono, you will likely be able to get the court filing fees waived. Speak with your attorney about the records you will have to provide. If there is a child welfare case, the state will handle the severance of the birth parents' rights. If the case goes to trial, you may be called to testify about anything you witnessed and about how you have been caring for the child. If you receive a subpoena or other notice from the state, contact your attorney immediately. 3. Finalizing Your Kinship Adoption 3-1. Attend all court hearings. Your attorney will give you notice and discuss what he believes may happen at the hearings. The first court date will be after all parties have been served and their time to respond has expired. If the birth parents have consented or had their rights severed by the state, they are not required to attend. If the family of the other birth parent or other family members want to object to the adoption or intervene, they may appear. Don't be hostile, no matter how angry or disappointed you may be. Direct all communication to your attorney. Do not bring the children unless instructed to do so by your attorney. Some judges have rules against children in the courtroom and you cannot leave them unattended in the hallway. If you are working with the social welfare agency, they may have a playroom at their offices where the children can wait while you are in court. 3-2. Anticipate a trial. Most kinship adoptions are uncontested. The family understands, agrees, and cooperates to do what is best for the child. However, until the final order is issued, a trial is a possibility. A birth parent can rescind their consent or another family member can interfere. Your best bet is to comport yourself as if the case was going to go to trial. Do not discuss the details of the case with the child. If you get questions that can't be answered with generalities, consider a family counseling session. Do not disrespect the birth parents to the child. Do not discuss the details of the case with other family except in very general terms. If their input or cooperation is needed, let your attorney handle the communication. Do not be hostile toward the family of the other birth parent. Even though rights have been surrendered or severed, they are the child's family as much as you are. The child may have significant affection for their other grandparents and aunts, uncles, and cousins. Discuss the issue with your attorney and social worker how to allow contact with the child, especially around the holidays. 3-3. Attend the final court hearing. At this hearing, whether or not there was a trial, the court will review the documents and ask if you want to adopt the child. The state agency will likely attend and give their approval for the final adoption. If the children attend, the judge may talk to them. The judge with either acknowledge that the birth parents consented or that there rights have been previously severed. If not, the judge will make a finding of fact that the parents are unfit and enter an order of severance. Upon signing of the order, you become the child's legal parent. 3-4. Update the child's birth certificate. When you receive the file-stamped copy of the final adoption, you can file for a new birth certificate. Depending on your relationship to the child, for example you are the maternal grandparents, you may change the child's last name to match yours. 3-5. Create a safety plan. Kinship adoptions are unique in that one or more of the birth parents may still be in the picture. It is up to you to decide how much, if any, contact you will allow between the birth parents and the child. Most kinship adoptions are successful and happy. However, depending on the family situation, you should be aware of the residual danger of a kinship adoption. If the parents' rights were forcibly severed, there may be hostility and danger to the child. Update the family information with the child's school and caregivers. Inform them who can and can't pick the child up from school and who can access school records. If the parents' rights were severed because of substance abuse or physical abuse, use your judgment in allowing contact. Protect the child like you would with anyone you felt might be a danger. If a birth parent or other family becomes threatening, consider taking out a restraining order to protect you, your child, and your home. If a birth parent or other family member leaves with the child or will not return the child after a visit, take the adoption papers and new birth certificate to law enforcement. This will help make them understand the situation and get them to help you retrieve the child. Tips If the family member you wish to adopt does not live in the United States, contact the U.S. Department of state for information on rules and regulations concerning international adoptions. Be careful with what you ask the child. You don't want to upset them or make them stressed.
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:29", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Planning for the Adoption\\n1-1. Consider the effect on your family.\\nMany placements with relatives are a result of the parents being unable to care for the child. There may have been neglect, even abuse of the child, and the situation may be very emotionally charged in the family.\\nGrandparents may especially be torn between loyalty to their birth child and concern for their grandchild. Aunts and uncles are usually closer in age to the birth parent, but taking in a niece or nephew can change the dynamic in marriages and existing families. If the child is old enough to have a relationship with her birth parents, there may be issues of separation and abandonment. Prospective kinship parents should consider family counseling sessions before committing to an adoption.\\nIf the child came to your family via a court case, discuss kinship adoption with the child's social worker. Make sure you understand the state's role in the adoption.\\n1-2. Evaluate your options and make sure an adoption is right for your family.\\nA kinship adoption is different than other types because it requires people that you know personally, the natural parents, both consent, die, or be declared unfit. There may be competing interests between maternal and paternal grandparents and other factions of the family. The state child welfare agency is almost always involved. There are several options for placing the child and you should speak with an attorney or social worker to do what is best for the child and your family.\\nCustody and legal placement. To keep the child out of the foster care system, the court will look to blood relatives first. If you are fit and have the resources to care for the child, the state will often take legal custody of the child and place her in your home. You handle all the day-to-day activities of a parent under the supervision of the court. This is always a temporary situation, usually lasting less than a year. \\nGuardianship. This can be a good option for kinship placements. The court issues an order that gives you legal custody of the child and all legal rights to act as her parent. The difference between a guardianship and an adoption is that the rights of the birth parents are not severed. However, if the birth parents want to be involved in the child's life, they must go to court. In a guardianship, you may be eligible to receive child support payments from the birth parents. \\nAdoption completely severs of the birth parents' legal rights to the child. As the kinship adopter, you become the child's parent in all facets of the law. You have the same rights and responsibilities of any other parent.\\n1-3. Know your rights in court cases.\\nGenerally, under the law, blood relatives have a special status in court cases involving the care and placement of minor children. These cases include when the child is in the custody of the state, when the child survives both of her parents and there is no guardianship in place, or in an adoption proceedings. \\nFederal law requires agencies to make reasonable efforts to keep siblings together in one home, offering services as needed to make the placement work. \\nIf there is a case involving a child who is your blood relative and you can show you have a relationship with the child, you can ask the court for \\\"interested party\\\" status. This means you have a right to receive documents and reports as well as notice of court hearings.\\nTen states have laws requiring agencies to give preference to blood relatives when evaluating adoption placements. \\nIn most states, if the parent purposely sent the child to live with relatives and consents to the adoption, the laws are set up to streamline the procedure. Typically, if the child has been living with the relative for some time, the home study will be cursory or waived all together.\\n1-4. Research benefits and adoption assistance.\\nEven though protecting your grandchild or niece may be the most important thing in your mind and heart, you also have to cope with the financial realities of raising a child. Most states offer some sort of assistance for adoptive parents. If the child has special needs, most states will offer support, access to services, and in some cases, financial stipends. As the adoptive parent, you will also be eligible to add the child to your employer health insurance or apply for insurance through the state.\\n1-5. Confer with a family law attorney.\\nA kinship adoption is often the most complicated of all adoption proceedings. In a stranger adoption, the parents' rights have been severed and custody transferred to the state before you are even considered. In a stepchild adoption, one of the birth parents is actively involved. However, in a kinship adoption, the issues with the birth parents may be unresolved, there may be resentment in the family, the state child welfare agency may have a custody interest, and the child may be ambivalent about being adopted. As a result, it is not recommended that you attempt to do a kinship adoption on your own as a pro se party. \\nIf you have the financial resources, you can retain a family law attorney to act on your behalf.\\nWrite a letter to the court hearing the child welfare case and ask if you qualify for court-appointed counsel.\\nSpeak with your local Legal Aid office. There is a Legal Aid office for every county in the United States and, if you meet their income guidelines, you may qualify for representation. \\nContact the local bar association. Most bar associations have attorneys who are willing to assist with this type of case for a reduced fee or pro bono.\\n2. Filing the Adoption\\n2-1. Institute an adoption proceeding.\\nIf the state is not involved, your attorney will file the adoption in the appropriate court on your behalf. A preliminary hearing will be scheduled to give the birth parents an opportunity to file a response to the petition. \\nIf the birth parents both consent, they will sign notarized forms surrendering their parental rights.\\nAt this stage, the family of the other parent may request the right to intervene or contest the adoption.\\n2-2. Seek agency cooperation.\\nIf a state agency is involved, you will need their cooperation and approval for a kinship adoption. A supportive social worker can be your biggest asset. \\nThe agency should have the documents needed for the adoption, such as certified birth certificates and parental death certificates. They also have access to records that can help locate absentee parents for service and consent.\\nCooperate fully with requested home visits, interviews, and criminal background checks. Most states have laws in place to streamline these procedures and give preference to blood relatives, but your cooperation is essential. Be open and honest. After the state becomes involved, there is no \\\"private family business.\\\"\\nGrandparents may be asked to submit to physical examinations to determine if they are healthy enough to be adoptive parents for young children.\\n2-3. Discuss consent to the adoption.\\nIf you are looking to adopt a grandchild or the child of your sibling, talk with the family member birth parent about consenting to the adoption. You should also talk to the rest of the immediate family about their feelings. Forcing the court to sever parental rights can cause dissent in the family that is not good for the child.\\n2-4. Work with your attorney.\\nYou may need to provide your own birth certificates, marriage and divorce documents, and employment records. Don't keep any secrets from your lawyer. If there is something in your past that may be an issue, such as a former drug problem, health issue, or criminal conviction, be honest about it before it becomes an issue in the adoption.\\nIf your attorney is court-appointed, Legal Aid, or working pro bono, you will likely be able to get the court filing fees waived. Speak with your attorney about the records you will have to provide.\\nIf there is a child welfare case, the state will handle the severance of the birth parents' rights. If the case goes to trial, you may be called to testify about anything you witnessed and about how you have been caring for the child. If you receive a subpoena or other notice from the state, contact your attorney immediately.\\n3. Finalizing Your Kinship Adoption\\n3-1. Attend all court hearings.\\nYour attorney will give you notice and discuss what he believes may happen at the hearings. The first court date will be after all parties have been served and their time to respond has expired. \\nIf the birth parents have consented or had their rights severed by the state, they are not required to attend.\\nIf the family of the other birth parent or other family members want to object to the adoption or intervene, they may appear. Don't be hostile, no matter how angry or disappointed you may be. Direct all communication to your attorney.\\nDo not bring the children unless instructed to do so by your attorney. Some judges have rules against children in the courtroom and you cannot leave them unattended in the hallway. If you are working with the social welfare agency, they may have a playroom at their offices where the children can wait while you are in court.\\n3-2. Anticipate a trial.\\nMost kinship adoptions are uncontested. The family understands, agrees, and cooperates to do what is best for the child. However, until the final order is issued, a trial is a possibility. A birth parent can rescind their consent or another family member can interfere. Your best bet is to comport yourself as if the case was going to go to trial. \\nDo not discuss the details of the case with the child. If you get questions that can't be answered with generalities, consider a family counseling session. Do not disrespect the birth parents to the child.\\nDo not discuss the details of the case with other family except in very general terms. If their input or cooperation is needed, let your attorney handle the communication.\\nDo not be hostile toward the family of the other birth parent. Even though rights have been surrendered or severed, they are the child's family as much as you are. The child may have significant affection for their other grandparents and aunts, uncles, and cousins. Discuss the issue with your attorney and social worker how to allow contact with the child, especially around the holidays.\\n3-3. Attend the final court hearing.\\nAt this hearing, whether or not there was a trial, the court will review the documents and ask if you want to adopt the child. The state agency will likely attend and give their approval for the final adoption. If the children attend, the judge may talk to them. \\nThe judge with either acknowledge that the birth parents consented or that there rights have been previously severed. If not, the judge will make a finding of fact that the parents are unfit and enter an order of severance.\\nUpon signing of the order, you become the child's legal parent.\\n3-4. Update the child's birth certificate.\\nWhen you receive the file-stamped copy of the final adoption, you can file for a new birth certificate. Depending on your relationship to the child, for example you are the maternal grandparents, you may change the child's last name to match yours.\\n3-5. Create a safety plan.\\nKinship adoptions are unique in that one or more of the birth parents may still be in the picture. It is up to you to decide how much, if any, contact you will allow between the birth parents and the child. Most kinship adoptions are successful and happy. However, depending on the family situation, you should be aware of the residual danger of a kinship adoption. \\nIf the parents' rights were forcibly severed, there may be hostility and danger to the child. Update the family information with the child's school and caregivers. Inform them who can and can't pick the child up from school and who can access school records.\\nIf the parents' rights were severed because of substance abuse or physical abuse, use your judgment in allowing contact. Protect the child like you would with anyone you felt might be a danger.\\nIf a birth parent or other family becomes threatening, consider taking out a restraining order to protect you, your child, and your home.\\nIf a birth parent or other family member leaves with the child or will not return the child after a visit, take the adoption papers and new birth certificate to law enforcement. This will help make them understand the situation and get them to help you retrieve the child.\\nTips\\nIf the family member you wish to adopt does not live in the United States, contact the U.S. Department of state for information on rules and regulations concerning international adoptions.\\nBe careful with what you ask the child. You don't want to upset them or make them stressed.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Adopting a family member, commonly known as a kinship adoption, can benefit not only the child, but also the extended family. When a parent dies, becomes unable to care for the child, or the child ends up in the foster care system, a kinship adoption can preserve the bonds of family and smooth the transition for the child into a new life. Kinship adoptions can be complicated and usually require legal assistance to complete. However, there are many steps you can take to make the process go smoother.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Planning for the Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider the effect on your family.\", \"描述\": \"Many placements with relatives are a result of the parents being unable to care for the child. There may have been neglect, even abuse of the child, and the situation may be very emotionally charged in the family.\\nGrandparents may especially be torn between loyalty to their birth child and concern for their grandchild. Aunts and uncles are usually closer in age to the birth parent, but taking in a niece or nephew can change the dynamic in marriages and existing families. If the child is old enough to have a relationship with her birth parents, there may be issues of separation and abandonment. Prospective kinship parents should consider family counseling sessions before committing to an adoption.\\nIf the child came to your family via a court case, discuss kinship adoption with the child's social worker. Make sure you understand the state's role in the adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Evaluate your options and make sure an adoption is right for your family.\", \"描述\": \"A kinship adoption is different than other types because it requires people that you know personally, the natural parents, both consent, die, or be declared unfit. There may be competing interests between maternal and paternal grandparents and other factions of the family. The state child welfare agency is almost always involved. There are several options for placing the child and you should speak with an attorney or social worker to do what is best for the child and your family.\\nCustody and legal placement. To keep the child out of the foster care system, the court will look to blood relatives first. If you are fit and have the resources to care for the child, the state will often take legal custody of the child and place her in your home. You handle all the day-to-day activities of a parent under the supervision of the court. This is always a temporary situation, usually lasting less than a year. \\nGuardianship. This can be a good option for kinship placements. The court issues an order that gives you legal custody of the child and all legal rights to act as her parent. The difference between a guardianship and an adoption is that the rights of the birth parents are not severed. However, if the birth parents want to be involved in the child's life, they must go to court. In a guardianship, you may be eligible to receive child support payments from the birth parents. \\nAdoption completely severs of the birth parents' legal rights to the child. As the kinship adopter, you become the child's parent in all facets of the law. You have the same rights and responsibilities of any other parent.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know your rights in court cases.\", \"描述\": \"Generally, under the law, blood relatives have a special status in court cases involving the care and placement of minor children. These cases include when the child is in the custody of the state, when the child survives both of her parents and there is no guardianship in place, or in an adoption proceedings. \\nFederal law requires agencies to make reasonable efforts to keep siblings together in one home, offering services as needed to make the placement work. \\nIf there is a case involving a child who is your blood relative and you can show you have a relationship with the child, you can ask the court for \\\"interested party\\\" status. This means you have a right to receive documents and reports as well as notice of court hearings.\\nTen states have laws requiring agencies to give preference to blood relatives when evaluating adoption placements. \\nIn most states, if the parent purposely sent the child to live with relatives and consents to the adoption, the laws are set up to streamline the procedure. Typically, if the child has been living with the relative for some time, the home study will be cursory or waived all together.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Research benefits and adoption assistance.\", \"描述\": \"Even though protecting your grandchild or niece may be the most important thing in your mind and heart, you also have to cope with the financial realities of raising a child. Most states offer some sort of assistance for adoptive parents. If the child has special needs, most states will offer support, access to services, and in some cases, financial stipends. As the adoptive parent, you will also be eligible to add the child to your employer health insurance or apply for insurance through the state.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Confer with a family law attorney.\", \"描述\": \"A kinship adoption is often the most complicated of all adoption proceedings. In a stranger adoption, the parents' rights have been severed and custody transferred to the state before you are even considered. In a stepchild adoption, one of the birth parents is actively involved. However, in a kinship adoption, the issues with the birth parents may be unresolved, there may be resentment in the family, the state child welfare agency may have a custody interest, and the child may be ambivalent about being adopted. As a result, it is not recommended that you attempt to do a kinship adoption on your own as a pro se party. \\nIf you have the financial resources, you can retain a family law attorney to act on your behalf.\\nWrite a letter to the court hearing the child welfare case and ask if you qualify for court-appointed counsel.\\nSpeak with your local Legal Aid office. There is a Legal Aid office for every county in the United States and, if you meet their income guidelines, you may qualify for representation. \\nContact the local bar association. Most bar associations have attorneys who are willing to assist with this type of case for a reduced fee or pro bono.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Filing the Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Institute an adoption proceeding.\", \"描述\": \"If the state is not involved, your attorney will file the adoption in the appropriate court on your behalf. A preliminary hearing will be scheduled to give the birth parents an opportunity to file a response to the petition. \\nIf the birth parents both consent, they will sign notarized forms surrendering their parental rights.\\nAt this stage, the family of the other parent may request the right to intervene or contest the adoption.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Seek agency cooperation.\", \"描述\": \"If a state agency is involved, you will need their cooperation and approval for a kinship adoption. A supportive social worker can be your biggest asset. \\nThe agency should have the documents needed for the adoption, such as certified birth certificates and parental death certificates. They also have access to records that can help locate absentee parents for service and consent.\\nCooperate fully with requested home visits, interviews, and criminal background checks. Most states have laws in place to streamline these procedures and give preference to blood relatives, but your cooperation is essential. Be open and honest. After the state becomes involved, there is no \\\"private family business.\\\"\\nGrandparents may be asked to submit to physical examinations to determine if they are healthy enough to be adoptive parents for young children.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Discuss consent to the adoption.\", \"描述\": \"If you are looking to adopt a grandchild or the child of your sibling, talk with the family member birth parent about consenting to the adoption. You should also talk to the rest of the immediate family about their feelings. Forcing the court to sever parental rights can cause dissent in the family that is not good for the child.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Work with your attorney.\", \"描述\": \"You may need to provide your own birth certificates, marriage and divorce documents, and employment records. Don't keep any secrets from your lawyer. If there is something in your past that may be an issue, such as a former drug problem, health issue, or criminal conviction, be honest about it before it becomes an issue in the adoption.\\nIf your attorney is court-appointed, Legal Aid, or working pro bono, you will likely be able to get the court filing fees waived. Speak with your attorney about the records you will have to provide.\\nIf there is a child welfare case, the state will handle the severance of the birth parents' rights. If the case goes to trial, you may be called to testify about anything you witnessed and about how you have been caring for the child. If you receive a subpoena or other notice from the state, contact your attorney immediately.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finalizing Your Kinship Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attend all court hearings.\", \"描述\": \"Your attorney will give you notice and discuss what he believes may happen at the hearings. The first court date will be after all parties have been served and their time to respond has expired. \\nIf the birth parents have consented or had their rights severed by the state, they are not required to attend.\\nIf the family of the other birth parent or other family members want to object to the adoption or intervene, they may appear. Don't be hostile, no matter how angry or disappointed you may be. Direct all communication to your attorney.\\nDo not bring the children unless instructed to do so by your attorney. Some judges have rules against children in the courtroom and you cannot leave them unattended in the hallway. If you are working with the social welfare agency, they may have a playroom at their offices where the children can wait while you are in court.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Anticipate a trial.\", \"描述\": \"Most kinship adoptions are uncontested. The family understands, agrees, and cooperates to do what is best for the child. However, until the final order is issued, a trial is a possibility. A birth parent can rescind their consent or another family member can interfere. Your best bet is to comport yourself as if the case was going to go to trial. \\nDo not discuss the details of the case with the child. If you get questions that can't be answered with generalities, consider a family counseling session. Do not disrespect the birth parents to the child.\\nDo not discuss the details of the case with other family except in very general terms. If their input or cooperation is needed, let your attorney handle the communication.\\nDo not be hostile toward the family of the other birth parent. Even though rights have been surrendered or severed, they are the child's family as much as you are. The child may have significant affection for their other grandparents and aunts, uncles, and cousins. Discuss the issue with your attorney and social worker how to allow contact with the child, especially around the holidays.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Attend the final court hearing.\", \"描述\": \"At this hearing, whether or not there was a trial, the court will review the documents and ask if you want to adopt the child. The state agency will likely attend and give their approval for the final adoption. If the children attend, the judge may talk to them. \\nThe judge with either acknowledge that the birth parents consented or that there rights have been previously severed. If not, the judge will make a finding of fact that the parents are unfit and enter an order of severance.\\nUpon signing of the order, you become the child's legal parent.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Update the child's birth certificate.\", \"描述\": \"When you receive the file-stamped copy of the final adoption, you can file for a new birth certificate. Depending on your relationship to the child, for example you are the maternal grandparents, you may change the child's last name to match yours.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Create a safety plan.\", \"描述\": \"Kinship adoptions are unique in that one or more of the birth parents may still be in the picture. It is up to you to decide how much, if any, contact you will allow between the birth parents and the child. Most kinship adoptions are successful and happy. However, depending on the family situation, you should be aware of the residual danger of a kinship adoption. \\nIf the parents' rights were forcibly severed, there may be hostility and danger to the child. Update the family information with the child's school and caregivers. Inform them who can and can't pick the child up from school and who can access school records.\\nIf the parents' rights were severed because of substance abuse or physical abuse, use your judgment in allowing contact. Protect the child like you would with anyone you felt might be a danger.\\nIf a birth parent or other family becomes threatening, consider taking out a restraining order to protect you, your child, and your home.\\nIf a birth parent or other family member leaves with the child or will not return the child after a visit, take the adoption papers and new birth certificate to law enforcement. This will help make them understand the situation and get them to help you retrieve the child.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If the family member you wish to adopt does not live in the United States, contact the U.S. Department of state for information on rules and regulations concerning international adoptions.\\n\", \"Be careful with what you ask the child. You don't want to upset them or make them stressed.\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
wikihow
1,501
How to Adopt a Japanese Baby
1. Starting Procedures in the United States 1-1. Ensure that you qualify. Before you can actually begin the adoption process, you should take steps to ensure that you qualify for an international adoption. Because the adoption is an international coordination, there are certain conditions that must be met in order for the process to be approved. The adopting parents must typically live in Japan throughout the entire court process. This requires a minimum stay of six months, but the court process may take up to 18 months. At least one parent must be in attendance at the court when the case is finalized. Typically, the adopting parents must be a married couple. Exceptions are sometimes made for single parents on a case-by-case basis. The adopting parents will have to provide some proof of income and financial savings to prove that they can provide for the child. In a specialized adoption, which allows the parents to secure a US visa for the child, both of the adopting parents must be at least 20 years of age, with at least one parent over 25 years of age. 1-2. Select an adoption service provider. The first step in beginning the adoption process is to choose an accredited/approved adoption service provider from the country you will be adopting from (in this case Japan). The adoption service provider is a specialized adoption agency or individual, typically with a background in family counseling or social work. The adoption service provider serves as the primary provider for your adoption case. The most common primary providers in Japan include the Japanese Family Court, the Child Guidance Center, and private parties like missionaries, social welfare groups, or adoption services. When comparing primary providers, look at each provider's number of annual adoption placements over the past three years and the percentage of those placements that remained intact. This information is available upon request from each provider and will give you a good idea of how successful each provider has been in recent years. You should also ask each provider how many adoption-eligible children they represent. 1-3. Fill out Form I-600A. Once you've selected an adoption service you'll need to fill out Form I-600A, the Application for Advance Processing of Orphan Petition with the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. This form is used by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to evaluate your qualifications as a parent and make a formal judgment on whether or not you qualify for an international adoption. Form I-600A must be completed before the actual adoption process begins. Even if you have already identified a child to adopt from Japan, the child must remain in Japan while Form I-600A is filed in the United States. If your application is approved by the USCIS, you will receive a written notification through the mail. Your approval is valid for 18 months. If the adoption has not been completed in that time period, you will have to begin the application process from the beginning. Because Japan is a non-Hague Convention country, you do not need to fill out Form I-800A, the Application for Determination of Suitability to Adopt a Child from a Convention Country. 1-4. Submit your fingerprints. The USCIS conducts FBI background checks on all prospective adoptive parents. These checks are performed using fingerprinting records. Successful fingerprint and background checks are only valid for 15 months, so it's important to begin the adoption process as soon as possible. The USCIS charges $80 per person at the time of filing for fingerprint and background checks. This must be completed at an authorized location, including USCIS offices, US Application Support Centers, and US embassies and military offices abroad. 1-5. Have a home study performed. A home study consists of an in-person interview and other procedures designed to review the fitness of you and your home environment. The individual who conducts the study will evaluate your physical, mental, and financial capabilities, as well as your current living conditions. 1-6. File your completed form with the USCIS. You will also need to send in a filing fee of $720, plus an additional $85 fee for every individual living in your household over the age of 18. 2. Applying to Adoption Agencies in Japan 2-1. Travel to Japan. Japanese adoption law requires that at least one prospective parent be physically present in Japan to initiate proceedings. Adoption by proxy is not allowed. 2-2. Consider hiring a Japanese attorney. An attorney is not mandatory, but may be useful in navigating Japanese adoption law. The Family Court in Japan finalizes all adoption cases, and certain paperwork must be filed with the clerk's office. Having an attorney who is fluent in Japanese and well-versed in Japanese law would be an invaluable aid during this process. 2-3. Learn Japan's guidelines. In addition to meeting the guidelines for adopting a child in the United States, prospective parents wishing to complete a special adoption must also meet Japan's guidelines for adoption. The child must also meet certain guidelines to be adopted internationally. The prospective child must be under the age of 6 before the petition is filed or below the age of 8 if the child has been under the care of the prospective parents since before the child reached age 6. The child must reside with the prospective adoptive parents for 6 months before the Family Court will issue an adoption decree. 2-4. Prepare the necessary documents. Prospective parents must have numerous documents signed, notified, or otherwise authenticated. These documents include: birth certificates passports Japanese visas marriage certificates certificate of no criminal record (obtained from each parent's home city or state police department in the United States) certificate of legal address, employment, and bank statements copy of property ownership deeds (if applicable) biographic histories of both parents statement of consent to adopt by the child's current guardian statement of prospective parents' intent to adopt home study approved by a licensed adoption agency two character references 3. Finalizing the Adoption 3-1. Verify that the child can be legally classified as an orphan according to U.S. immigration law. Some adoptable children in Japan do not qualify as orphans by the definition used in the US, and only children who qualify as orphans by that definition can receive an immigrant visa. In order to qualify as an orphan a child must have lost both parents, generally through death or abandonment. The child of a single parent is rarely labeled as an orphan, but an exception might be made if the parent cannot care for the child and surrenders custody. 3-2. File Form I-604 with the USCIS. Form I-604, the Report on Overseas Orphan Investigation, is used to verify the child's orphan status. Even though the I-600 can be completed before you have a child in mind for adoption, the I-604 must be completed only after you have a specific child in mind. This investigation will be performed by a consular office during the child's interview for an immigrant visa, and may take upwards of several months to complete. 3-3. Apply for the child's paperwork. Since your child is not yet a U.S. citizen, he or she will need a Japanese passport to come back with you to the United States. Contact Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the US Embassy in Tokyo to obtain the necessary paperwork. You will need to apply for and secure a new birth certificate for the child that includes your name. You will also need to apply for a family registry for the child. Both of these documents will be needed to secure a passport. Your adoption service provider can assist you during this process. Once you have the child's birth certificate and family registry, you'll need to secure a travel document or passport from Japan. You will also need to apply for a US immigrant visa for the child. This can be acquired through the US Embassy in Tokyo. Prior to the immigrant visa interview, you should submit an Electronic Immigrant Visa Application (Form DS-260), which can be found online at the Consular Electronic Application Center. Bring a printed-out copy of the DS-260 form completion page to the visa interview. 3-4. Acquire US citizenship for the child. If the adoption has been approved and finalized before returning to the United States, the child will automatically earn US citizenship, provided that the child meets the requirements of the Child Citizenship Act of 2000. The child's requirements for citizenship include: being under 18 years of age gaining legal admission as an immigrant for lawful permanent residence having at least one adoptive parent who is an American citizen, either by birth or naturalization living in the legal and physical custody of the parent who is a lawful American citizen Tips Adopting a Japanese baby will take anywhere from six to 18 months. The Family Court does not impose a time limit on the completion of an adoption, so it's important to plan ahead for this extended stay in Japan. Warnings The average total cost of an international Japanese adoption is somewhere around $20,000, including fees for the Family Court and the adoption agency, immigration processing, and document translations. This does not include airfare or lodging. Additionally, Japanese adoption service providers charge fees that can range from $5,000 to $50,000 USD or higher. There may be additional fees if the adoptive child has any existing medical conditions. Before you begin the adoption process, ensure that you have enough money to cover these costs.[43] X Research source
{ "create_time": "20230517 10:45:29", "回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Starting Procedures in the United States\\n1-1. Ensure that you qualify.\\nBefore you can actually begin the adoption process, you should take steps to ensure that you qualify for an international adoption. Because the adoption is an international coordination, there are certain conditions that must be met in order for the process to be approved.\\nThe adopting parents must typically live in Japan throughout the entire court process. This requires a minimum stay of six months, but the court process may take up to 18 months. At least one parent must be in attendance at the court when the case is finalized.\\nTypically, the adopting parents must be a married couple. Exceptions are sometimes made for single parents on a case-by-case basis.\\nThe adopting parents will have to provide some proof of income and financial savings to prove that they can provide for the child.\\nIn a specialized adoption, which allows the parents to secure a US visa for the child, both of the adopting parents must be at least 20 years of age, with at least one parent over 25 years of age.\\n1-2. Select an adoption service provider.\\nThe first step in beginning the adoption process is to choose an accredited/approved adoption service provider from the country you will be adopting from (in this case Japan). The adoption service provider is a specialized adoption agency or individual, typically with a background in family counseling or social work.\\nThe adoption service provider serves as the primary provider for your adoption case.\\nThe most common primary providers in Japan include the Japanese Family Court, the Child Guidance Center, and private parties like missionaries, social welfare groups, or adoption services.\\nWhen comparing primary providers, look at each provider's number of annual adoption placements over the past three years and the percentage of those placements that remained intact. This information is available upon request from each provider and will give you a good idea of how successful each provider has been in recent years.\\nYou should also ask each provider how many adoption-eligible children they represent.\\n1-3. Fill out Form I-600A.\\nOnce you've selected an adoption service you'll need to fill out Form I-600A, the Application for Advance Processing of Orphan Petition with the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. This form is used by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to evaluate your qualifications as a parent and make a formal judgment on whether or not you qualify for an international adoption.\\nForm I-600A must be completed before the actual adoption process begins. Even if you have already identified a child to adopt from Japan, the child must remain in Japan while Form I-600A is filed in the United States.\\nIf your application is approved by the USCIS, you will receive a written notification through the mail. Your approval is valid for 18 months. If the adoption has not been completed in that time period, you will have to begin the application process from the beginning.\\nBecause Japan is a non-Hague Convention country, you do not need to fill out Form I-800A, the Application for Determination of Suitability to Adopt a Child from a Convention Country.\\n1-4. Submit your fingerprints.\\nThe USCIS conducts FBI background checks on all prospective adoptive parents. These checks are performed using fingerprinting records. Successful fingerprint and background checks are only valid for 15 months, so it's important to begin the adoption process as soon as possible.\\nThe USCIS charges $80 per person at the time of filing for fingerprint and background checks. This must be completed at an authorized location, including USCIS offices, US Application Support Centers, and US embassies and military offices abroad.\\n1-5. Have a home study performed.\\nA home study consists of an in-person interview and other procedures designed to review the fitness of you and your home environment. The individual who conducts the study will evaluate your physical, mental, and financial capabilities, as well as your current living conditions.\\n1-6. File your completed form with the USCIS.\\nYou will also need to send in a filing fee of $720, plus an additional $85 fee for every individual living in your household over the age of 18.\\n2. Applying to Adoption Agencies in Japan\\n2-1. Travel to Japan.\\nJapanese adoption law requires that at least one prospective parent be physically present in Japan to initiate proceedings. Adoption by proxy is not allowed.\\n2-2. Consider hiring a Japanese attorney.\\nAn attorney is not mandatory, but may be useful in navigating Japanese adoption law. The Family Court in Japan finalizes all adoption cases, and certain paperwork must be filed with the clerk's office. Having an attorney who is fluent in Japanese and well-versed in Japanese law would be an invaluable aid during this process.\\n2-3. Learn Japan's guidelines.\\nIn addition to meeting the guidelines for adopting a child in the United States, prospective parents wishing to complete a special adoption must also meet Japan's guidelines for adoption. The child must also meet certain guidelines to be adopted internationally.\\nThe prospective child must be under the age of 6 before the petition is filed or below the age of 8 if the child has been under the care of the prospective parents since before the child reached age 6.\\nThe child must reside with the prospective adoptive parents for 6 months before the Family Court will issue an adoption decree.\\n2-4. Prepare the necessary documents.\\nProspective parents must have numerous documents signed, notified, or otherwise authenticated. These documents include:\\nbirth certificates\\npassports\\n\\nJapanese visas\\nmarriage certificates\\ncertificate of no criminal record (obtained from each parent's home city or state police department in the United States)\\ncertificate of legal address, employment, and bank statements\\ncopy of property ownership deeds (if applicable)\\nbiographic histories of both parents\\nstatement of consent to adopt by the child's current guardian\\nstatement of prospective parents' intent to adopt\\nhome study approved by a licensed adoption agency\\ntwo character references\\n3. Finalizing the Adoption\\n3-1. Verify that the child can be legally classified as an orphan according to U.S.\\nimmigration law. Some adoptable children in Japan do not qualify as orphans by the definition used in the US, and only children who qualify as orphans by that definition can receive an immigrant visa. In order to qualify as an orphan a child must have lost both parents, generally through death or abandonment. The child of a single parent is rarely labeled as an orphan, but an exception might be made if the parent cannot care for the child and surrenders custody.\\n3-2. File Form I-604 with the USCIS.\\nForm I-604, the Report on Overseas Orphan Investigation, is used to verify the child's orphan status. Even though the I-600 can be completed before you have a child in mind for adoption, the I-604 must be completed only after you have a specific child in mind. This investigation will be performed by a consular office during the child's interview for an immigrant visa, and may take upwards of several months to complete.\\n3-3. Apply for the child's paperwork.\\nSince your child is not yet a U.S. citizen, he or she will need a Japanese passport to come back with you to the United States. Contact Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the US Embassy in Tokyo to obtain the necessary paperwork.\\nYou will need to apply for and secure a new birth certificate for the child that includes your name. You will also need to apply for a family registry for the child. Both of these documents will be needed to secure a passport. Your adoption service provider can assist you during this process.\\nOnce you have the child's birth certificate and family registry, you'll need to secure a travel document or passport from Japan.\\nYou will also need to apply for a US immigrant visa for the child. This can be acquired through the US Embassy in Tokyo. Prior to the immigrant visa interview, you should submit an Electronic Immigrant Visa Application (Form DS-260), which can be found online at the Consular Electronic Application Center.\\nBring a printed-out copy of the DS-260 form completion page to the visa interview.\\n3-4. Acquire US citizenship for the child.\\nIf the adoption has been approved and finalized before returning to the United States, the child will automatically earn US citizenship, provided that the child meets the requirements of the Child Citizenship Act of 2000. The child's requirements for citizenship include:\\nbeing under 18 years of age\\ngaining legal admission as an immigrant for lawful permanent residence\\nhaving at least one adoptive parent who is an American citizen, either by birth or naturalization\\nliving in the legal and physical custody of the parent who is a lawful American citizen\\nTips\\nAdopting a Japanese baby will take anywhere from six to 18 months. The Family Court does not impose a time limit on the completion of an adoption, so it's important to plan ahead for this extended stay in Japan.\\nWarnings\\nThe average total cost of an international Japanese adoption is somewhere around $20,000, including fees for the Family Court and the adoption agency, immigration processing, and document translations. This does not include airfare or lodging. Additionally, Japanese adoption service providers charge fees that can range from $5,000 to $50,000 USD or higher. There may be additional fees if the adoptive child has any existing medical conditions. Before you begin the adoption process, ensure that you have enough money to cover these costs.[43]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Adopting a child is an exciting but complex process, and the particular steps prospective parents must take will vary greatly depending on the parents' and child's countries. If you are an American adopting a baby from Japan, you are not governed by the Hague Convention, and as a result will have a distinct set of paperwork during the adoption process. Adoptions in Japan are mostly done via private agencies, but you may need to be in communication with several Japanese government agencies at various points throughout the process. Aside from Japanese procedures, there are also a number of U.S. requirements that you and your prospective adopted baby must meet in order to complete the process of international adoption. Learning what paperwork to complete can help you make sense of the adoption process and bring home your new child.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Starting Procedures in the United States\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ensure that you qualify.\", \"描述\": \"Before you can actually begin the adoption process, you should take steps to ensure that you qualify for an international adoption. Because the adoption is an international coordination, there are certain conditions that must be met in order for the process to be approved.\\nThe adopting parents must typically live in Japan throughout the entire court process. This requires a minimum stay of six months, but the court process may take up to 18 months. At least one parent must be in attendance at the court when the case is finalized.\\nTypically, the adopting parents must be a married couple. Exceptions are sometimes made for single parents on a case-by-case basis.\\nThe adopting parents will have to provide some proof of income and financial savings to prove that they can provide for the child.\\nIn a specialized adoption, which allows the parents to secure a US visa for the child, both of the adopting parents must be at least 20 years of age, with at least one parent over 25 years of age.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Select an adoption service provider.\", \"描述\": \"The first step in beginning the adoption process is to choose an accredited/approved adoption service provider from the country you will be adopting from (in this case Japan). The adoption service provider is a specialized adoption agency or individual, typically with a background in family counseling or social work.\\nThe adoption service provider serves as the primary provider for your adoption case.\\nThe most common primary providers in Japan include the Japanese Family Court, the Child Guidance Center, and private parties like missionaries, social welfare groups, or adoption services.\\nWhen comparing primary providers, look at each provider's number of annual adoption placements over the past three years and the percentage of those placements that remained intact. This information is available upon request from each provider and will give you a good idea of how successful each provider has been in recent years.\\nYou should also ask each provider how many adoption-eligible children they represent.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Fill out Form I-600A.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've selected an adoption service you'll need to fill out Form I-600A, the Application for Advance Processing of Orphan Petition with the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. This form is used by the US Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to evaluate your qualifications as a parent and make a formal judgment on whether or not you qualify for an international adoption.\\nForm I-600A must be completed before the actual adoption process begins. Even if you have already identified a child to adopt from Japan, the child must remain in Japan while Form I-600A is filed in the United States.\\nIf your application is approved by the USCIS, you will receive a written notification through the mail. Your approval is valid for 18 months. If the adoption has not been completed in that time period, you will have to begin the application process from the beginning.\\nBecause Japan is a non-Hague Convention country, you do not need to fill out Form I-800A, the Application for Determination of Suitability to Adopt a Child from a Convention Country.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Submit your fingerprints.\", \"描述\": \"The USCIS conducts FBI background checks on all prospective adoptive parents. These checks are performed using fingerprinting records. Successful fingerprint and background checks are only valid for 15 months, so it's important to begin the adoption process as soon as possible.\\nThe USCIS charges $80 per person at the time of filing for fingerprint and background checks. This must be completed at an authorized location, including USCIS offices, US Application Support Centers, and US embassies and military offices abroad.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Have a home study performed.\", \"描述\": \"A home study consists of an in-person interview and other procedures designed to review the fitness of you and your home environment. The individual who conducts the study will evaluate your physical, mental, and financial capabilities, as well as your current living conditions.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"File your completed form with the USCIS.\", \"描述\": \"You will also need to send in a filing fee of $720, plus an additional $85 fee for every individual living in your household over the age of 18.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Applying to Adoption Agencies in Japan\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Travel to Japan.\", \"描述\": \"Japanese adoption law requires that at least one prospective parent be physically present in Japan to initiate proceedings. Adoption by proxy is not allowed.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider hiring a Japanese attorney.\", \"描述\": \"An attorney is not mandatory, but may be useful in navigating Japanese adoption law. The Family Court in Japan finalizes all adoption cases, and certain paperwork must be filed with the clerk's office. Having an attorney who is fluent in Japanese and well-versed in Japanese law would be an invaluable aid during this process.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn Japan's guidelines.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to meeting the guidelines for adopting a child in the United States, prospective parents wishing to complete a special adoption must also meet Japan's guidelines for adoption. The child must also meet certain guidelines to be adopted internationally.\\nThe prospective child must be under the age of 6 before the petition is filed or below the age of 8 if the child has been under the care of the prospective parents since before the child reached age 6.\\nThe child must reside with the prospective adoptive parents for 6 months before the Family Court will issue an adoption decree.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Prepare the necessary documents.\", \"描述\": \"Prospective parents must have numerous documents signed, notified, or otherwise authenticated. These documents include:\\nbirth certificates\\npassports\\n\\nJapanese visas\\nmarriage certificates\\ncertificate of no criminal record (obtained from each parent's home city or state police department in the United States)\\ncertificate of legal address, employment, and bank statements\\ncopy of property ownership deeds (if applicable)\\nbiographic histories of both parents\\nstatement of consent to adopt by the child's current guardian\\nstatement of prospective parents' intent to adopt\\nhome study approved by a licensed adoption agency\\ntwo character references\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finalizing the Adoption\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Verify that the child can be legally classified as an orphan according to U.S.\", \"描述\": \"immigration law. Some adoptable children in Japan do not qualify as orphans by the definition used in the US, and only children who qualify as orphans by that definition can receive an immigrant visa. In order to qualify as an orphan a child must have lost both parents, generally through death or abandonment. The child of a single parent is rarely labeled as an orphan, but an exception might be made if the parent cannot care for the child and surrenders custody.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"File Form I-604 with the USCIS.\", \"描述\": \"Form I-604, the Report on Overseas Orphan Investigation, is used to verify the child's orphan status. Even though the I-600 can be completed before you have a child in mind for adoption, the I-604 must be completed only after you have a specific child in mind. This investigation will be performed by a consular office during the child's interview for an immigrant visa, and may take upwards of several months to complete.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Apply for the child's paperwork.\", \"描述\": \"Since your child is not yet a U.S. citizen, he or she will need a Japanese passport to come back with you to the United States. Contact Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the US Embassy in Tokyo to obtain the necessary paperwork.\\nYou will need to apply for and secure a new birth certificate for the child that includes your name. You will also need to apply for a family registry for the child. Both of these documents will be needed to secure a passport. Your adoption service provider can assist you during this process.\\nOnce you have the child's birth certificate and family registry, you'll need to secure a travel document or passport from Japan.\\nYou will also need to apply for a US immigrant visa for the child. This can be acquired through the US Embassy in Tokyo. Prior to the immigrant visa interview, you should submit an Electronic Immigrant Visa Application (Form DS-260), which can be found online at the Consular Electronic Application Center.\\nBring a printed-out copy of the DS-260 form completion page to the visa interview.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Acquire US citizenship for the child.\", \"描述\": \"If the adoption has been approved and finalized before returning to the United States, the child will automatically earn US citizenship, provided that the child meets the requirements of the Child Citizenship Act of 2000. The child's requirements for citizenship include:\\nbeing under 18 years of age\\ngaining legal admission as an immigrant for lawful permanent residence\\nhaving at least one adoptive parent who is an American citizen, either by birth or naturalization\\nliving in the legal and physical custody of the parent who is a lawful American citizen\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Adopting a Japanese baby will take anywhere from six to 18 months. The Family Court does not impose a time limit on the completion of an adoption, so it's important to plan ahead for this extended stay in Japan.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"The average total cost of an international Japanese adoption is somewhere around $20,000, including fees for the Family Court and the adoption agency, immigration processing, and document translations. This does not include airfare or lodging. Additionally, Japanese adoption service providers charge fees that can range from $5,000 to $50,000 USD or higher. There may be additional fees if the adoptive child has any existing medical conditions. Before you begin the adoption process, ensure that you have enough money to cover these costs.[43]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}", "问题明细": "", "扩展字段": "" }
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