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3,213 | How to Avoid Talking in Class | 1. Move to the front of the class.
Talking in class seems less fun when you’re right in front of the teacher.
Sitting up close to the board also helps you stay focused on the lesson. If you’re allowed to choose your seat, choose a desk up front.
If the spots at the front are taken, look for a quiet student and sit by them. Chances are they won’t start a conversation with you like your best friend might!
2. Try to be like the quiet students.
Think of the quiet students as your role models.
Look around the classroom and see if you notice a student that rarely talks during class. For the rest of the class, try acting like them. This can help you practice being more well-behaved and less talkative.
For example, maybe this student sits quietly and takes notes. Follow their lead and get your own notebook!
Another student might participate a lot in class but always makes sure to raise their hand first. Try that out, too.
3. Think before you speak.
Before you open your mouth, ask yourself “Is this something that can wait?”
Sometimes it's hard to remember to filter your thoughts. Think about if what you want to say is related to the class discussion. If it's not, wait until class is over to share what you're thinking. Even the funniest joke in the world can wait until break!
If it’s at all disruptive, like "This subject is boring, is class almost over?" don’t say that out loud.
Another good trick is to raise your hand. While waiting to be called on, think about what you want to say. If it's not related to the subject your teacher is discussing, put your hand down and remain quiet.
Always raise your hand when you have a question about class. Not talking during class doesn't mean your questions about the lesson should go unanswered.
4. Keep a notebook at your desk.
Take notes to stay focused on the lesson.
It’s hard to have side conversations when you’re too busy writing down the latest vocab words! If you really struggle to talk, you can write down thoughts you have in your notebook instead of saying them.
Classroom notes should take priority, but if you think of a joke you want to tell your friend, write that down, too. That way you can remember it after class and share it with your friend!
You can also use your notebook to write down anything you want to talk about after class. For example, instead of talking to your friend during a lesson, write down, "Remember to tell Jimmy that my mom said it was okay for them to stay the night this weekend."
5. Put your phone away.
Texting what you have to say instead of talking isn't a good option.
Using your phone in class distracts you from the lesson. It also disrupts the whole class if the teacher has to stop and ask you to put your phone away. Leave your phone tucked away in a safe place like your pocket or locker.
You should also avoid passing notes during class, A.K.A. texting the old-fashioned way.
6. Avoid responding to classmates.
Sometimes it’s not you doing all the talking!
It can be hard to know how to stop responding to talkative people in class. Do your best to politely tell the students around you that you can’t talk until class is finished. After that, ignore their comments. They’ll get the message and stop trying to talk. Side conversations can be really distracting to teachers, and it’s hard to follow along with the lesson in the middle of another conversation! Try your best to avoid talking with your classmates to really focus.
While you're in the hallway before class, try taking your talkative classmates aside and say something like “I’m not going to talk during class anymore, so can we talk at lunch instead?”
Try not to be impolite if your friends talk to you during class. Always be kind and ask them nicely not to pester you while you focus.
Yelling "SHH!" across the room is no better than talking.
7. Ask your friends for help.
There is no shame in asking someone to help you stop talking.
Try asking one of your friends to give you a cue whenever you start to talk in class. Maybe they can cough or tap your shoulder. Whatever cue you decide on, make sure it doesn’t involve them talking to you at all or it defeats the purpose.
Ask a friend that doesn’t usually talk in class. Try something like, “Hey Sam, I’m trying to do a better job at not talking in class. Next time I try to talk to you, can you tap a pencil on your desk as a cue for me to stop?”
8. Ask your teacher for help.
They may be upset when you talk, but they can also give you great advice.
Tell your teacher you’re having a hard time not talking in class, and see if they have any suggestions for things you can try. Remember that teachers want to see you succeed! They’ll be happy to help you.
After class, tell your teacher something like "I'm trying really hard to stop talking during your class, but I'm still struggling with it. Could you please help me?"
9. Use a visual aid like a sticky note.
Write something on it to remind yourself not to talk!
Every time you get the urge to speak, glance down at your sticky note. Consider picking a fun, bright color so that it will attract your attention and act as a good reminder.
Try writing something like “I can talk when class is over” or “silence is golden.”
10. Set realistic goals for yourself.
You may not be able to change your habits overnight.
Try to break up your goal into a few smaller goals so that it doesn’t seem so overwhelming. Start by not talking at all through the first half of class. Once that becomes second nature, make your next goal to not speak during the entire class. Finally, make it your goal to avoid side conversations all day!
11. Don’t get discouraged if you struggle to keep quiet.
Just try your best!
It can be easy to get discouraged when you’re trying something new. If you mess up and talk during class, tell yourself that it’s okay and keep moving forward. Everyone makes mistakes! All that matters is that you keep trying and never give up.
Let’s say you accidentally blurt out a joke in class. Instead of beating yourself up, tell yourself something like, “I just made a mistake and that’s okay. Now I just have to be quiet for the rest of class to make up for it!”
12. Reward yourself for succeeding.
Tell yourself that if you're quiet, you get to watch your favorite movie!
Positive reinforcement helps you keep up the good work and stay motivated. As you meet your goals, reward yourself with a piece of candy, 10 extra minutes of playtime after school, or something else you enjoy. It’s hard to stay quiet all day in school, and you deserve it!
Talk to your parents about a reward system that you both agree on. Maybe your mom can take you out for ice cream at the end of the week if you promise to be quiet and focused in class!
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:31",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Move to the front of the class.\\nTalking in class seems less fun when you’re right in front of the teacher.\\nSitting up close to the board also helps you stay focused on the lesson. If you’re allowed to choose your seat, choose a desk up front.\\nIf the spots at the front are taken, look for a quiet student and sit by them. Chances are they won’t start a conversation with you like your best friend might!\\n2. Try to be like the quiet students.\\nThink of the quiet students as your role models.\\nLook around the classroom and see if you notice a student that rarely talks during class. For the rest of the class, try acting like them. This can help you practice being more well-behaved and less talkative.\\nFor example, maybe this student sits quietly and takes notes. Follow their lead and get your own notebook!\\nAnother student might participate a lot in class but always makes sure to raise their hand first. Try that out, too.\\n3. Think before you speak.\\nBefore you open your mouth, ask yourself “Is this something that can wait?”\\nSometimes it's hard to remember to filter your thoughts. Think about if what you want to say is related to the class discussion. If it's not, wait until class is over to share what you're thinking. Even the funniest joke in the world can wait until break!\\nIf it’s at all disruptive, like \\\"This subject is boring, is class almost over?\\\" don’t say that out loud.\\nAnother good trick is to raise your hand. While waiting to be called on, think about what you want to say. If it's not related to the subject your teacher is discussing, put your hand down and remain quiet.\\nAlways raise your hand when you have a question about class. Not talking during class doesn't mean your questions about the lesson should go unanswered.\\n4. Keep a notebook at your desk.\\nTake notes to stay focused on the lesson.\\nIt’s hard to have side conversations when you’re too busy writing down the latest vocab words! If you really struggle to talk, you can write down thoughts you have in your notebook instead of saying them.\\nClassroom notes should take priority, but if you think of a joke you want to tell your friend, write that down, too. That way you can remember it after class and share it with your friend!\\nYou can also use your notebook to write down anything you want to talk about after class. For example, instead of talking to your friend during a lesson, write down, \\\"Remember to tell Jimmy that my mom said it was okay for them to stay the night this weekend.\\\"\\n5. Put your phone away.\\nTexting what you have to say instead of talking isn't a good option.\\nUsing your phone in class distracts you from the lesson. It also disrupts the whole class if the teacher has to stop and ask you to put your phone away. Leave your phone tucked away in a safe place like your pocket or locker.\\nYou should also avoid passing notes during class, A.K.A. texting the old-fashioned way.\\n6. Avoid responding to classmates.\\nSometimes it’s not you doing all the talking!\\nIt can be hard to know how to stop responding to talkative people in class. Do your best to politely tell the students around you that you can’t talk until class is finished. After that, ignore their comments. They’ll get the message and stop trying to talk. Side conversations can be really distracting to teachers, and it’s hard to follow along with the lesson in the middle of another conversation! Try your best to avoid talking with your classmates to really focus.\\nWhile you're in the hallway before class, try taking your talkative classmates aside and say something like “I’m not going to talk during class anymore, so can we talk at lunch instead?”\\nTry not to be impolite if your friends talk to you during class. Always be kind and ask them nicely not to pester you while you focus.\\nYelling \\\"SHH!\\\" across the room is no better than talking.\\n7. Ask your friends for help.\\nThere is no shame in asking someone to help you stop talking.\\nTry asking one of your friends to give you a cue whenever you start to talk in class. Maybe they can cough or tap your shoulder. Whatever cue you decide on, make sure it doesn’t involve them talking to you at all or it defeats the purpose.\\nAsk a friend that doesn’t usually talk in class. Try something like, “Hey Sam, I’m trying to do a better job at not talking in class. Next time I try to talk to you, can you tap a pencil on your desk as a cue for me to stop?”\\n8. Ask your teacher for help.\\nThey may be upset when you talk, but they can also give you great advice.\\nTell your teacher you’re having a hard time not talking in class, and see if they have any suggestions for things you can try. Remember that teachers want to see you succeed! They’ll be happy to help you.\\nAfter class, tell your teacher something like \\\"I'm trying really hard to stop talking during your class, but I'm still struggling with it. Could you please help me?\\\"\\n9. Use a visual aid like a sticky note.\\nWrite something on it to remind yourself not to talk!\\nEvery time you get the urge to speak, glance down at your sticky note. Consider picking a fun, bright color so that it will attract your attention and act as a good reminder.\\nTry writing something like “I can talk when class is over” or “silence is golden.”\\n10. Set realistic goals for yourself.\\nYou may not be able to change your habits overnight.\\nTry to break up your goal into a few smaller goals so that it doesn’t seem so overwhelming. Start by not talking at all through the first half of class. Once that becomes second nature, make your next goal to not speak during the entire class. Finally, make it your goal to avoid side conversations all day!\\n11. Don’t get discouraged if you struggle to keep quiet.\\nJust try your best!\\nIt can be easy to get discouraged when you’re trying something new. If you mess up and talk during class, tell yourself that it’s okay and keep moving forward. Everyone makes mistakes! All that matters is that you keep trying and never give up.\\nLet’s say you accidentally blurt out a joke in class. Instead of beating yourself up, tell yourself something like, “I just made a mistake and that’s okay. Now I just have to be quiet for the rest of class to make up for it!”\\n12. Reward yourself for succeeding.\\nTell yourself that if you're quiet, you get to watch your favorite movie!\\nPositive reinforcement helps you keep up the good work and stay motivated. As you meet your goals, reward yourself with a piece of candy, 10 extra minutes of playtime after school, or something else you enjoy. It’s hard to stay quiet all day in school, and you deserve it!\\nTalk to your parents about a reward system that you both agree on. Maybe your mom can take you out for ice cream at the end of the week if you promise to be quiet and focused in class!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Sometimes it's so hard to stay quiet in class. When you think of something truly hilarious, it almost feels painful to wait until the bell rings to share it. It's perfectly normal to want to talk, but it can also make it difficult for you (and your classmates) to focus. Try out these methods to help you keep side conversations or random remarks to a minimum! You'll have plenty of time to talk after school.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Move to the front of the class.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Talking in class seems less fun when you’re right in front of the teacher.\", \"描述\": \"Sitting up close to the board also helps you stay focused on the lesson. If you’re allowed to choose your seat, choose a desk up front.\\nIf the spots at the front are taken, look for a quiet student and sit by them. Chances are they won’t start a conversation with you like your best friend might!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try to be like the quiet students.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Think of the quiet students as your role models.\", \"描述\": \"Look around the classroom and see if you notice a student that rarely talks during class. For the rest of the class, try acting like them. This can help you practice being more well-behaved and less talkative.\\nFor example, maybe this student sits quietly and takes notes. Follow their lead and get your own notebook!\\nAnother student might participate a lot in class but always makes sure to raise their hand first. Try that out, too.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Think before you speak.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Before you open your mouth, ask yourself “Is this something that can wait?”\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes it's hard to remember to filter your thoughts. Think about if what you want to say is related to the class discussion. If it's not, wait until class is over to share what you're thinking. Even the funniest joke in the world can wait until break!\\nIf it’s at all disruptive, like \\\"This subject is boring, is class almost over?\\\" don’t say that out loud.\\nAnother good trick is to raise your hand. While waiting to be called on, think about what you want to say. If it's not related to the subject your teacher is discussing, put your hand down and remain quiet.\\nAlways raise your hand when you have a question about class. Not talking during class doesn't mean your questions about the lesson should go unanswered.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Keep a notebook at your desk.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take notes to stay focused on the lesson.\", \"描述\": \"It’s hard to have side conversations when you’re too busy writing down the latest vocab words! If you really struggle to talk, you can write down thoughts you have in your notebook instead of saying them.\\nClassroom notes should take priority, but if you think of a joke you want to tell your friend, write that down, too. That way you can remember it after class and share it with your friend!\\nYou can also use your notebook to write down anything you want to talk about after class. For example, instead of talking to your friend during a lesson, write down, \\\"Remember to tell Jimmy that my mom said it was okay for them to stay the night this weekend.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Put your phone away.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Texting what you have to say instead of talking isn't a good option.\", \"描述\": \"Using your phone in class distracts you from the lesson. It also disrupts the whole class if the teacher has to stop and ask you to put your phone away. Leave your phone tucked away in a safe place like your pocket or locker.\\nYou should also avoid passing notes during class, A.K.A. texting the old-fashioned way.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Avoid responding to classmates.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sometimes it’s not you doing all the talking!\", \"描述\": \"It can be hard to know how to stop responding to talkative people in class. Do your best to politely tell the students around you that you can’t talk until class is finished. After that, ignore their comments. They’ll get the message and stop trying to talk. Side conversations can be really distracting to teachers, and it’s hard to follow along with the lesson in the middle of another conversation! Try your best to avoid talking with your classmates to really focus.\\nWhile you're in the hallway before class, try taking your talkative classmates aside and say something like “I’m not going to talk during class anymore, so can we talk at lunch instead?”\\nTry not to be impolite if your friends talk to you during class. Always be kind and ask them nicely not to pester you while you focus.\\nYelling \\\"SHH!\\\" across the room is no better than talking.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Ask your friends for help.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"There is no shame in asking someone to help you stop talking.\", \"描述\": \"Try asking one of your friends to give you a cue whenever you start to talk in class. Maybe they can cough or tap your shoulder. Whatever cue you decide on, make sure it doesn’t involve them talking to you at all or it defeats the purpose.\\nAsk a friend that doesn’t usually talk in class. Try something like, “Hey Sam, I’m trying to do a better job at not talking in class. Next time I try to talk to you, can you tap a pencil on your desk as a cue for me to stop?”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Ask your teacher for help.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"They may be upset when you talk, but they can also give you great advice.\", \"描述\": \"Tell your teacher you’re having a hard time not talking in class, and see if they have any suggestions for things you can try. Remember that teachers want to see you succeed! They’ll be happy to help you.\\nAfter class, tell your teacher something like \\\"I'm trying really hard to stop talking during your class, but I'm still struggling with it. Could you please help me?\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Use a visual aid like a sticky note.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Write something on it to remind yourself not to talk!\", \"描述\": \"Every time you get the urge to speak, glance down at your sticky note. Consider picking a fun, bright color so that it will attract your attention and act as a good reminder.\\nTry writing something like “I can talk when class is over” or “silence is golden.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Set realistic goals for yourself.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You may not be able to change your habits overnight.\", \"描述\": \"Try to break up your goal into a few smaller goals so that it doesn’t seem so overwhelming. Start by not talking at all through the first half of class. Once that becomes second nature, make your next goal to not speak during the entire class. Finally, make it your goal to avoid side conversations all day!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Don’t get discouraged if you struggle to keep quiet.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Just try your best!\", \"描述\": \"It can be easy to get discouraged when you’re trying something new. If you mess up and talk during class, tell yourself that it’s okay and keep moving forward. Everyone makes mistakes! All that matters is that you keep trying and never give up.\\nLet’s say you accidentally blurt out a joke in class. Instead of beating yourself up, tell yourself something like, “I just made a mistake and that’s okay. Now I just have to be quiet for the rest of class to make up for it!”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Reward yourself for succeeding.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tell yourself that if you're quiet, you get to watch your favorite movie!\", \"描述\": \"Positive reinforcement helps you keep up the good work and stay motivated. As you meet your goals, reward yourself with a piece of candy, 10 extra minutes of playtime after school, or something else you enjoy. It’s hard to stay quiet all day in school, and you deserve it!\\nTalk to your parents about a reward system that you both agree on. Maybe your mom can take you out for ice cream at the end of the week if you promise to be quiet and focused in class!\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,214 | How to Avoid Talking to People | 1. Avoiding Small Talk in Public
1-1. Pretend to be on your phone.
Fake a phone call or appear to be texting when someone approaches you for a social conversation. Pretending to be in the middle of communicating with someone else will deter others from engaging in conversation without being rude.
Try to simulate the phone call or text as best as possible. Avoid eye-contact, pace back and forth, or quickly let the individual you are on a very important call or need to finish an urgent text.
If you are in the middle of an unwanted or awkward conversation, politely say that you need to take a call and step out.
1-2. Make an excuse.
Have a few different excuses prepared so that if you are caught in passing or approached unexpectedly you can quickly derail a conversation before it begins.
Saying that you need to run and catch a train is a great and polite excuse to keep moving.
Other excuses, like saying you are late for another appointment or have forgotten something at work are both broad and maintain a sense of urgency.
Enlist the help of friends. If you happen to be in an obligatory social setting have a friend call or text you with information that needs immediate attention.
Say that you have conflicting plans if you are invited to a social gathering.
1-3. Open a book, magazine, or newspaper and start reading.
Carrying a book or magazine in your bag will allow you to appear occupied when sitting alone or on public transportation. Not only will you appear busy and unavailable for conversation, but you’ll also positively engage in another activity.
1-4. Wear headphones or earbuds whether they're plugged in to anything or not; if not plugged in, the plug only has to be in your pocket.
Wearing headphones in public often gives the appearance of being unapproachable, or at least preoccupied. Keeping your headphones on is an efficient and polite way to communicate your unavailability.
Plug your headphones into your mobile phone or mp3 player and put on your favorite album.
Download and listen to a new podcast or audiobook.
1-5. Stay home.
Staying home, when possible, is a certain way to avoid conversations that you have no desire to participate in.
Stay home and watch a film, read, cook, or listen to music.
2. Avoiding Conversations at School or Work
2-1. Appear to be working or busy with a task.
It’s not always possible to avoid speaking to others, especially at school or work. Try and simulate being deeply involved in a project or email so that others will feel uncomfortable interrupting.
Type on your computer. Open an already existing document or email to make it appear as though you are deep into a train of thought.
Find objects around your office to keep you busy. Filing documents or making copies are two simple ways to seem preoccupied.
If you are addressed even though you appear to be busy, simply acknowledge their statement and politely excuse yourself to continue working.
Talking or muttering to yourself while walking often signifies being deep in thought and will deter others from interrupting.
Politely excuse yourself by saying that you have a lot of work to do or that you need to get back to work.
2-2. Be honest and direct.
You may have many reasons to not engage in conversation at school or work. Politely and directly stating that you do not wish to speak with someone can be an effective way of communicating your unavailability.
Say that you are very busy and do not feel like having a conversation.
Statements like, “I’m sorry, I am just not in the mood to have a conversation right now,” or “I feel too preoccupied to have a conversation at the moment” are polite ways to excuse yourself from conversation.
You may want to avoid talking to people if you have freshly broken up. You can limit your social media contact with your partner as much as possible.
Be aware that it may take longer to grieve and get over that person if you have the same social circle. So be gentle and compassionate with yourself.
You can make a joint effort with your ex to heal yourselves. Be mature and talk to them about the best way to do so. For example, you can avoid going to the parties where your ex is going.
2-3. Engage in individual activities.
Not speaking to others does not necessarily mean avoiding social or work environments, nor does it mean passively averting conversation. Try finding hobbies or small routines that you enjoy, as this will help fill the time that otherwise might be occupied by unwanted interaction.
Seek out tasks that might be possible individually. Ask your teacher or supervisor to see if it’s possible to work alone if group projects are assigned.
Develop a routine during your breaks or lunch. Seek out the same cafe, go for a quick walk, or browse your favorite bookstore.
Activities like yoga, running, or reading are all done individually, with minimal talking, and have great benefits!
2-4. Send an email or text message.
Avoiding talking or speaking to someone does not necessarily mean avoiding communication altogether. Communication can often be necessary and even expected, especially at school or work.
Instead of approaching a supervisor, teacher, or colleague, send them an email. If introversion and the desire not to speak is common, noting that in an email might also help others maintain a considerate distance without creating any unwanted tension.
Send a short text in lieu of speaking. Texts can be particularly effective in maintaining communication without seeming rude or distant.
If you are receiving a phone call and you would prefer not to talk, let the call go to voicemail, reply via text message or email, and resume communication.
3. Using Body Language
3-1. Demonstrate poor body language.
If you are trying to avoid speaking to someone, nonverbal communication is key. Having closed off or unreceptive body language is one explicit way to demonstrate your lack of interest and lack of desire for speaking with others.
Slumping your shoulders and caving your chest give the appearance of being unwilling to speak with others.
Avoid making eye contact.
Crossing your arms and twirling your fingers can be a sign of preoccupation or nervousness.
Position you feet away from others to indicate you are uninterested in conversation.
3-2. Make a polite exit.
There are many ways to leave a conversation without pretending to be preoccupied beforehand. If someone approaches you to engage a conversation, briefly entertain them before making an exit.
Say that you need to finish a project or are late to meet a friend.
A smile and wave can politely communicate your exit if a few people are already in conversation.
3-3. Avoid interaction altogether.
Remain distant from any interaction, whether that be a social gathering, a conversational breakroom at work, or a casual outing in public. Although not always polite, ignoring others and remaining distant is a sure way to avoid conversation.
Making alterations to your schedule to arrive in places when they are least occupied will decrease the chance of talking with others.
Avoid crowds or groups of others already in conversation by walking quickly by them or in an opposite direction.
Tips
Always be kind when possible. Avoiding an event or individual does not always mean burning bridges.
Be patient. It is more than likely that you will end up speaking during times when you would rather not. Make small talk and politely make an exit.
If around others while wearing unplugged earbuds or headphones, it's possible to hear things you may otherwise not hear. Best when around your friends.
Warnings
Constantly and consistently avoiding others can develop into a pattern, and can occasionally be symptomatic of a larger mental health issue. If you are concerned about a larger mental health issue, seek out a health care professional.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:31",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Avoiding Small Talk in Public\\n1-1. Pretend to be on your phone.\\nFake a phone call or appear to be texting when someone approaches you for a social conversation. Pretending to be in the middle of communicating with someone else will deter others from engaging in conversation without being rude.\\nTry to simulate the phone call or text as best as possible. Avoid eye-contact, pace back and forth, or quickly let the individual you are on a very important call or need to finish an urgent text.\\nIf you are in the middle of an unwanted or awkward conversation, politely say that you need to take a call and step out.\\n1-2. Make an excuse.\\nHave a few different excuses prepared so that if you are caught in passing or approached unexpectedly you can quickly derail a conversation before it begins.\\nSaying that you need to run and catch a train is a great and polite excuse to keep moving.\\nOther excuses, like saying you are late for another appointment or have forgotten something at work are both broad and maintain a sense of urgency.\\nEnlist the help of friends. If you happen to be in an obligatory social setting have a friend call or text you with information that needs immediate attention.\\nSay that you have conflicting plans if you are invited to a social gathering.\\n1-3. Open a book, magazine, or newspaper and start reading.\\nCarrying a book or magazine in your bag will allow you to appear occupied when sitting alone or on public transportation. Not only will you appear busy and unavailable for conversation, but you’ll also positively engage in another activity.\\n1-4. Wear headphones or earbuds whether they're plugged in to anything or not; if not plugged in, the plug only has to be in your pocket.\\nWearing headphones in public often gives the appearance of being unapproachable, or at least preoccupied. Keeping your headphones on is an efficient and polite way to communicate your unavailability.\\nPlug your headphones into your mobile phone or mp3 player and put on your favorite album.\\nDownload and listen to a new podcast or audiobook.\\n1-5. Stay home.\\nStaying home, when possible, is a certain way to avoid conversations that you have no desire to participate in.\\nStay home and watch a film, read, cook, or listen to music.\\n2. Avoiding Conversations at School or Work\\n2-1. Appear to be working or busy with a task.\\nIt’s not always possible to avoid speaking to others, especially at school or work. Try and simulate being deeply involved in a project or email so that others will feel uncomfortable interrupting.\\nType on your computer. Open an already existing document or email to make it appear as though you are deep into a train of thought.\\nFind objects around your office to keep you busy. Filing documents or making copies are two simple ways to seem preoccupied.\\nIf you are addressed even though you appear to be busy, simply acknowledge their statement and politely excuse yourself to continue working.\\nTalking or muttering to yourself while walking often signifies being deep in thought and will deter others from interrupting.\\nPolitely excuse yourself by saying that you have a lot of work to do or that you need to get back to work.\\n2-2. Be honest and direct.\\nYou may have many reasons to not engage in conversation at school or work. Politely and directly stating that you do not wish to speak with someone can be an effective way of communicating your unavailability.\\nSay that you are very busy and do not feel like having a conversation.\\nStatements like, “I’m sorry, I am just not in the mood to have a conversation right now,” or “I feel too preoccupied to have a conversation at the moment” are polite ways to excuse yourself from conversation.\\nYou may want to avoid talking to people if you have freshly broken up. You can limit your social media contact with your partner as much as possible.\\nBe aware that it may take longer to grieve and get over that person if you have the same social circle. So be gentle and compassionate with yourself.\\nYou can make a joint effort with your ex to heal yourselves. Be mature and talk to them about the best way to do so. For example, you can avoid going to the parties where your ex is going.\\n2-3. Engage in individual activities.\\nNot speaking to others does not necessarily mean avoiding social or work environments, nor does it mean passively averting conversation. Try finding hobbies or small routines that you enjoy, as this will help fill the time that otherwise might be occupied by unwanted interaction.\\nSeek out tasks that might be possible individually. Ask your teacher or supervisor to see if it’s possible to work alone if group projects are assigned.\\nDevelop a routine during your breaks or lunch. Seek out the same cafe, go for a quick walk, or browse your favorite bookstore.\\nActivities like yoga, running, or reading are all done individually, with minimal talking, and have great benefits!\\n2-4. Send an email or text message.\\nAvoiding talking or speaking to someone does not necessarily mean avoiding communication altogether. Communication can often be necessary and even expected, especially at school or work.\\nInstead of approaching a supervisor, teacher, or colleague, send them an email. If introversion and the desire not to speak is common, noting that in an email might also help others maintain a considerate distance without creating any unwanted tension.\\nSend a short text in lieu of speaking. Texts can be particularly effective in maintaining communication without seeming rude or distant.\\nIf you are receiving a phone call and you would prefer not to talk, let the call go to voicemail, reply via text message or email, and resume communication.\\n3. Using Body Language\\n3-1. Demonstrate poor body language.\\nIf you are trying to avoid speaking to someone, nonverbal communication is key. Having closed off or unreceptive body language is one explicit way to demonstrate your lack of interest and lack of desire for speaking with others.\\nSlumping your shoulders and caving your chest give the appearance of being unwilling to speak with others.\\nAvoid making eye contact.\\nCrossing your arms and twirling your fingers can be a sign of preoccupation or nervousness.\\nPosition you feet away from others to indicate you are uninterested in conversation.\\n3-2. Make a polite exit.\\nThere are many ways to leave a conversation without pretending to be preoccupied beforehand. If someone approaches you to engage a conversation, briefly entertain them before making an exit.\\nSay that you need to finish a project or are late to meet a friend.\\nA smile and wave can politely communicate your exit if a few people are already in conversation.\\n3-3. Avoid interaction altogether.\\nRemain distant from any interaction, whether that be a social gathering, a conversational breakroom at work, or a casual outing in public. Although not always polite, ignoring others and remaining distant is a sure way to avoid conversation.\\nMaking alterations to your schedule to arrive in places when they are least occupied will decrease the chance of talking with others.\\nAvoid crowds or groups of others already in conversation by walking quickly by them or in an opposite direction.\\nTips\\nAlways be kind when possible. Avoiding an event or individual does not always mean burning bridges.\\nBe patient. It is more than likely that you will end up speaking during times when you would rather not. Make small talk and politely make an exit.\\nIf around others while wearing unplugged earbuds or headphones, it's possible to hear things you may otherwise not hear. Best when around your friends.\\nWarnings\\nConstantly and consistently avoiding others can develop into a pattern, and can occasionally be symptomatic of a larger mental health issue. If you are concerned about a larger mental health issue, seek out a health care professional.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Speaking with others can sometimes be unwanted, whether it is a result of a bad day, general introversion, or trying to remain outside of a conflict. Complete and total avoidance, however, is not always possible, especially with family members or colleagues. Although, whatever the reason and relationship, there are ways to determine how best to go about avoiding speaking with others and reducing conversation to as little as possible.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Small Talk in Public\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pretend to be on your phone.\", \"描述\": \"Fake a phone call or appear to be texting when someone approaches you for a social conversation. Pretending to be in the middle of communicating with someone else will deter others from engaging in conversation without being rude.\\nTry to simulate the phone call or text as best as possible. Avoid eye-contact, pace back and forth, or quickly let the individual you are on a very important call or need to finish an urgent text.\\nIf you are in the middle of an unwanted or awkward conversation, politely say that you need to take a call and step out.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make an excuse.\", \"描述\": \"Have a few different excuses prepared so that if you are caught in passing or approached unexpectedly you can quickly derail a conversation before it begins.\\nSaying that you need to run and catch a train is a great and polite excuse to keep moving.\\nOther excuses, like saying you are late for another appointment or have forgotten something at work are both broad and maintain a sense of urgency.\\nEnlist the help of friends. If you happen to be in an obligatory social setting have a friend call or text you with information that needs immediate attention.\\nSay that you have conflicting plans if you are invited to a social gathering.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Open a book, magazine, or newspaper and start reading.\", \"描述\": \"Carrying a book or magazine in your bag will allow you to appear occupied when sitting alone or on public transportation. Not only will you appear busy and unavailable for conversation, but you’ll also positively engage in another activity.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wear headphones or earbuds whether they're plugged in to anything or not; if not plugged in, the plug only has to be in your pocket.\", \"描述\": \"Wearing headphones in public often gives the appearance of being unapproachable, or at least preoccupied. Keeping your headphones on is an efficient and polite way to communicate your unavailability.\\nPlug your headphones into your mobile phone or mp3 player and put on your favorite album.\\nDownload and listen to a new podcast or audiobook.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Stay home.\", \"描述\": \"Staying home, when possible, is a certain way to avoid conversations that you have no desire to participate in.\\nStay home and watch a film, read, cook, or listen to music.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Conversations at School or Work\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Appear to be working or busy with a task.\", \"描述\": \"It’s not always possible to avoid speaking to others, especially at school or work. Try and simulate being deeply involved in a project or email so that others will feel uncomfortable interrupting.\\nType on your computer. Open an already existing document or email to make it appear as though you are deep into a train of thought.\\nFind objects around your office to keep you busy. Filing documents or making copies are two simple ways to seem preoccupied.\\nIf you are addressed even though you appear to be busy, simply acknowledge their statement and politely excuse yourself to continue working.\\nTalking or muttering to yourself while walking often signifies being deep in thought and will deter others from interrupting.\\nPolitely excuse yourself by saying that you have a lot of work to do or that you need to get back to work.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be honest and direct.\", \"描述\": \"You may have many reasons to not engage in conversation at school or work. Politely and directly stating that you do not wish to speak with someone can be an effective way of communicating your unavailability.\\nSay that you are very busy and do not feel like having a conversation.\\nStatements like, “I’m sorry, I am just not in the mood to have a conversation right now,” or “I feel too preoccupied to have a conversation at the moment” are polite ways to excuse yourself from conversation.\\nYou may want to avoid talking to people if you have freshly broken up. You can limit your social media contact with your partner as much as possible.\\nBe aware that it may take longer to grieve and get over that person if you have the same social circle. So be gentle and compassionate with yourself.\\nYou can make a joint effort with your ex to heal yourselves. Be mature and talk to them about the best way to do so. For example, you can avoid going to the parties where your ex is going.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Engage in individual activities.\", \"描述\": \"Not speaking to others does not necessarily mean avoiding social or work environments, nor does it mean passively averting conversation. Try finding hobbies or small routines that you enjoy, as this will help fill the time that otherwise might be occupied by unwanted interaction.\\nSeek out tasks that might be possible individually. Ask your teacher or supervisor to see if it’s possible to work alone if group projects are assigned.\\nDevelop a routine during your breaks or lunch. Seek out the same cafe, go for a quick walk, or browse your favorite bookstore.\\nActivities like yoga, running, or reading are all done individually, with minimal talking, and have great benefits!\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Send an email or text message.\", \"描述\": \"Avoiding talking or speaking to someone does not necessarily mean avoiding communication altogether. Communication can often be necessary and even expected, especially at school or work.\\nInstead of approaching a supervisor, teacher, or colleague, send them an email. If introversion and the desire not to speak is common, noting that in an email might also help others maintain a considerate distance without creating any unwanted tension.\\nSend a short text in lieu of speaking. Texts can be particularly effective in maintaining communication without seeming rude or distant.\\nIf you are receiving a phone call and you would prefer not to talk, let the call go to voicemail, reply via text message or email, and resume communication.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Using Body Language\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Demonstrate poor body language.\", \"描述\": \"If you are trying to avoid speaking to someone, nonverbal communication is key. Having closed off or unreceptive body language is one explicit way to demonstrate your lack of interest and lack of desire for speaking with others.\\nSlumping your shoulders and caving your chest give the appearance of being unwilling to speak with others.\\nAvoid making eye contact.\\nCrossing your arms and twirling your fingers can be a sign of preoccupation or nervousness.\\nPosition you feet away from others to indicate you are uninterested in conversation.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make a polite exit.\", \"描述\": \"There are many ways to leave a conversation without pretending to be preoccupied beforehand. If someone approaches you to engage a conversation, briefly entertain them before making an exit.\\nSay that you need to finish a project or are late to meet a friend.\\nA smile and wave can politely communicate your exit if a few people are already in conversation.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid interaction altogether.\", \"描述\": \"Remain distant from any interaction, whether that be a social gathering, a conversational breakroom at work, or a casual outing in public. Although not always polite, ignoring others and remaining distant is a sure way to avoid conversation.\\nMaking alterations to your schedule to arrive in places when they are least occupied will decrease the chance of talking with others.\\nAvoid crowds or groups of others already in conversation by walking quickly by them or in an opposite direction.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Always be kind when possible. Avoiding an event or individual does not always mean burning bridges.\\n\", \"Be patient. It is more than likely that you will end up speaking during times when you would rather not. Make small talk and politely make an exit.\\n\", \"If around others while wearing unplugged earbuds or headphones, it's possible to hear things you may otherwise not hear. Best when around your friends.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Constantly and consistently avoiding others can develop into a pattern, and can occasionally be symptomatic of a larger mental health issue. If you are concerned about a larger mental health issue, seek out a health care professional.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,215 | How to Avoid Talking to Your Parents | 1. Coming to Terms with Your Feelings
1-1. Assess your situation.
Decide if avoiding talking to your parents is really worth it. It's okay to keep your distance to cool down from an argument. On the other hand, if you're in some kind of trouble, your parents might actually be able to help.
It is also helpful to ask yourself why you are avoiding your parents and what you hope to accomplish by avoiding them. Understanding your motivation can help you understand how to best move forward.
1-2. Keep a diary.
This can help you to see what you're feeling in print. Start by free writing. Jot down anything that comes to mind. Don't worry about complete sentences or grammatical correctness. Put dates on your entries so you can keep a timeline of your feelings. Use a paper diary with a lock or an encrypted file to keep your parents from snooping.
1-3. Make up with your parents, if possible.
Give them and yourself a few days to cool down. Then, make the first move toward peace talks if they don't do it first. Apologize if you're at fault. If you can't bury the hatchet yourself, try to find a neutral third party to act as a mediator.
1-4. Seek the help of a therapist.
Wanting to avoid your parents is an indication that something is wrong with your relationship. Talk to a school counselor or see a therapist to get help and recommendations for how to move forward. You may also consider family therapy if your parents are willing to do this with you.
If you live with your parents and your situation at home is abusive or intolerable for other reasons, then you may also consider reaching out to family or a school counselor to help you find other living arrangements.
2. Avoiding Your Parents at Home
2-1. Cut off the conversation.
Don't be rude or disrespectful. Give short, noncommittal answers to any questions they ask. If they ask if you want dinner or if you'll go somewhere with them, say no politely.
Break or bend this rule if they're asking questions that might lead to reconciliation. Listen before you respond.
2-2. Lock yourself in your room.
Turn the latch or slip the hook into the eye. Put a note on your door explaining that you've locked the door for some space and privacy. If you just lock your door without warning, your parents could get worried and break the door down.
If you don't have a lock on your door, put a sign on the door asking people to keep out or at least knock first.
2-3. Take your creature comforts to your room.
This includes your books, phone, and video game console. Find a cool, dry place to stash a few non-perishable snacks and drinks. Keep your phone on vibrate or silent to avoid attracting your parents' attention.
2-4. Tell your friends not to call your landline phone.
If your parents answer the phone, you'll have to face them when you answer it. Have your friends call your cell phone, if you have one. If not, stick to email, instant messaging, and chat rooms.
2-5. Show consideration for your roommate, if you have one.
If you share a room with a sibling, respect their space. Don't hog the room for yourself. If they ask about the situation with your parents, keep your story neutral. Don't try to make your sibling take sides.
3. Staying Out of the House
3-1. Spend more time with your friends.
Do something fun to get your mind off your parents. If you need to cry or vent, make sure you're with a good friend who will understand. Even if you just hang out doing nothing, your friend's presence can do wonders for your mood.
3-2. Find other ways to get to school.
Spending time in the same car as your parents will make things awkward. If you live close to your school, walk or ride your bike there. Take the school bus or public transit if you can. If all else fails, try to get a ride with your friends.
If you must ride with your parents, keep your headphones on for the whole ride.
3-3. Get an after-school job.
The time away from home will give you space and independence from your parents. Also, earning your own money will allow you to avoid asking your parents for theirs. Just make sure your job doesn't conflict with school, homework, or sleep.
3-4. Participate in extra-curricular activities
Join a sports team that appeals to you. Get involved in school clubs. Volunteer in your community. You'll not only get space from your parents, you'll also build confidence and collect bonus points for college applications.
3-5. Study at the library.
The presence of your parents can add stress and eat into your study time. On the other hand, the quiet policy of most libraries will allow you to work without distractions. Study alone or meet up with a study group. You can also use online databases that you might not be able to use at home.
4. Avoiding Your Parents after You've Moved Out
4-1. Don't return their calls.
Press the reject button when you see their number on the caller ID. If you have a flip phone, press one of the side buttons to silence the ringer. Either way, the call will go to voicemail. Whether you listen to the message or delete it immediately is up to you.
4-2. Avoid electronic communication.
Don't return their emails. Unfollow them and make your timeline private if you're connected on social media. If you don't want to completely sever ties, just mute their posts. They won't know, and you can always unmute them if you make up.
4-3. Keep a physical distance.
Don't visit them and tell them not to visit. Keep yourself busy if you don't want to make up excuses. Focus on your career or academic goals. Go out with your friends after work. Take a vacation if you can afford it.
Tips
Act maturely. Your parents are more likely to treat you like an adult if you act like one.
Don't become a shut-in. Get out of the house as often as possible.
A good idea when you have to spend time with your parents is to wear headphones, even if you aren’t actually watching a video/ listening to music, this gives the hint to people that you don’t want to be spoken to.
Warnings
Don't yell or be rude to your parents. That will give them an excuse to punish you. When you have to, answer them quickly and politely.
Allow your parents to see that you are doing okay alone. Allowing them to see you sad and/or lonely can cause them to worry and jump to conclusions about you or what you are doing.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:31",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Coming to Terms with Your Feelings\\n1-1. Assess your situation.\\nDecide if avoiding talking to your parents is really worth it. It's okay to keep your distance to cool down from an argument. On the other hand, if you're in some kind of trouble, your parents might actually be able to help.\\nIt is also helpful to ask yourself why you are avoiding your parents and what you hope to accomplish by avoiding them. Understanding your motivation can help you understand how to best move forward.\\n1-2. Keep a diary.\\nThis can help you to see what you're feeling in print. Start by free writing. Jot down anything that comes to mind. Don't worry about complete sentences or grammatical correctness. Put dates on your entries so you can keep a timeline of your feelings. Use a paper diary with a lock or an encrypted file to keep your parents from snooping.\\n1-3. Make up with your parents, if possible.\\nGive them and yourself a few days to cool down. Then, make the first move toward peace talks if they don't do it first. Apologize if you're at fault. If you can't bury the hatchet yourself, try to find a neutral third party to act as a mediator.\\n1-4. Seek the help of a therapist.\\nWanting to avoid your parents is an indication that something is wrong with your relationship. Talk to a school counselor or see a therapist to get help and recommendations for how to move forward. You may also consider family therapy if your parents are willing to do this with you.\\nIf you live with your parents and your situation at home is abusive or intolerable for other reasons, then you may also consider reaching out to family or a school counselor to help you find other living arrangements.\\n2. Avoiding Your Parents at Home\\n2-1. Cut off the conversation.\\nDon't be rude or disrespectful. Give short, noncommittal answers to any questions they ask. If they ask if you want dinner or if you'll go somewhere with them, say no politely.\\nBreak or bend this rule if they're asking questions that might lead to reconciliation. Listen before you respond.\\n2-2. Lock yourself in your room.\\nTurn the latch or slip the hook into the eye. Put a note on your door explaining that you've locked the door for some space and privacy. If you just lock your door without warning, your parents could get worried and break the door down.\\nIf you don't have a lock on your door, put a sign on the door asking people to keep out or at least knock first.\\n2-3. Take your creature comforts to your room.\\nThis includes your books, phone, and video game console. Find a cool, dry place to stash a few non-perishable snacks and drinks. Keep your phone on vibrate or silent to avoid attracting your parents' attention.\\n2-4. Tell your friends not to call your landline phone.\\nIf your parents answer the phone, you'll have to face them when you answer it. Have your friends call your cell phone, if you have one. If not, stick to email, instant messaging, and chat rooms.\\n2-5. Show consideration for your roommate, if you have one.\\nIf you share a room with a sibling, respect their space. Don't hog the room for yourself. If they ask about the situation with your parents, keep your story neutral. Don't try to make your sibling take sides.\\n3. Staying Out of the House\\n3-1. Spend more time with your friends.\\nDo something fun to get your mind off your parents. If you need to cry or vent, make sure you're with a good friend who will understand. Even if you just hang out doing nothing, your friend's presence can do wonders for your mood.\\n3-2. Find other ways to get to school.\\nSpending time in the same car as your parents will make things awkward. If you live close to your school, walk or ride your bike there. Take the school bus or public transit if you can. If all else fails, try to get a ride with your friends.\\nIf you must ride with your parents, keep your headphones on for the whole ride.\\n3-3. Get an after-school job.\\nThe time away from home will give you space and independence from your parents. Also, earning your own money will allow you to avoid asking your parents for theirs. Just make sure your job doesn't conflict with school, homework, or sleep.\\n3-4. Participate in extra-curricular activities\\nJoin a sports team that appeals to you. Get involved in school clubs. Volunteer in your community. You'll not only get space from your parents, you'll also build confidence and collect bonus points for college applications.\\n3-5. Study at the library.\\nThe presence of your parents can add stress and eat into your study time. On the other hand, the quiet policy of most libraries will allow you to work without distractions. Study alone or meet up with a study group. You can also use online databases that you might not be able to use at home.\\n4. Avoiding Your Parents after You've Moved Out\\n4-1. Don't return their calls.\\nPress the reject button when you see their number on the caller ID. If you have a flip phone, press one of the side buttons to silence the ringer. Either way, the call will go to voicemail. Whether you listen to the message or delete it immediately is up to you.\\n4-2. Avoid electronic communication.\\nDon't return their emails. Unfollow them and make your timeline private if you're connected on social media. If you don't want to completely sever ties, just mute their posts. They won't know, and you can always unmute them if you make up.\\n4-3. Keep a physical distance.\\nDon't visit them and tell them not to visit. Keep yourself busy if you don't want to make up excuses. Focus on your career or academic goals. Go out with your friends after work. Take a vacation if you can afford it.\\nTips\\nAct maturely. Your parents are more likely to treat you like an adult if you act like one.\\nDon't become a shut-in. Get out of the house as often as possible.\\nA good idea when you have to spend time with your parents is to wear headphones, even if you aren’t actually watching a video/ listening to music, this gives the hint to people that you don’t want to be spoken to.\\nWarnings\\nDon't yell or be rude to your parents. That will give them an excuse to punish you. When you have to, answer them quickly and politely.\\nAllow your parents to see that you are doing okay alone. Allowing them to see you sad and/or lonely can cause them to worry and jump to conclusions about you or what you are doing.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You've heard the old saying that it's better to say nothing if you can't say something nice. This might be the case after you've had an argument with your parents. To avoid saying something hurtful, you'll need to avoid your parents at home, stay out of the house when you can, and come to terms with your feelings. If you're living on your own, you can take additional steps to avoid talking to them.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Coming to Terms with Your Feelings\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Assess your situation.\", \"描述\": \"Decide if avoiding talking to your parents is really worth it. It's okay to keep your distance to cool down from an argument. On the other hand, if you're in some kind of trouble, your parents might actually be able to help.\\nIt is also helpful to ask yourself why you are avoiding your parents and what you hope to accomplish by avoiding them. Understanding your motivation can help you understand how to best move forward.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep a diary.\", \"描述\": \"This can help you to see what you're feeling in print. Start by free writing. Jot down anything that comes to mind. Don't worry about complete sentences or grammatical correctness. Put dates on your entries so you can keep a timeline of your feelings. Use a paper diary with a lock or an encrypted file to keep your parents from snooping.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make up with your parents, if possible.\", \"描述\": \"Give them and yourself a few days to cool down. Then, make the first move toward peace talks if they don't do it first. Apologize if you're at fault. If you can't bury the hatchet yourself, try to find a neutral third party to act as a mediator.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Seek the help of a therapist.\", \"描述\": \"Wanting to avoid your parents is an indication that something is wrong with your relationship. Talk to a school counselor or see a therapist to get help and recommendations for how to move forward. You may also consider family therapy if your parents are willing to do this with you.\\nIf you live with your parents and your situation at home is abusive or intolerable for other reasons, then you may also consider reaching out to family or a school counselor to help you find other living arrangements.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Your Parents at Home\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Cut off the conversation.\", \"描述\": \"Don't be rude or disrespectful. Give short, noncommittal answers to any questions they ask. If they ask if you want dinner or if you'll go somewhere with them, say no politely.\\nBreak or bend this rule if they're asking questions that might lead to reconciliation. Listen before you respond.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lock yourself in your room.\", \"描述\": \"Turn the latch or slip the hook into the eye. Put a note on your door explaining that you've locked the door for some space and privacy. If you just lock your door without warning, your parents could get worried and break the door down.\\nIf you don't have a lock on your door, put a sign on the door asking people to keep out or at least knock first.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take your creature comforts to your room.\", \"描述\": \"This includes your books, phone, and video game console. Find a cool, dry place to stash a few non-perishable snacks and drinks. Keep your phone on vibrate or silent to avoid attracting your parents' attention.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tell your friends not to call your landline phone.\", \"描述\": \"If your parents answer the phone, you'll have to face them when you answer it. Have your friends call your cell phone, if you have one. If not, stick to email, instant messaging, and chat rooms.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Show consideration for your roommate, if you have one.\", \"描述\": \"If you share a room with a sibling, respect their space. Don't hog the room for yourself. If they ask about the situation with your parents, keep your story neutral. Don't try to make your sibling take sides.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Staying Out of the House\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Spend more time with your friends.\", \"描述\": \"Do something fun to get your mind off your parents. If you need to cry or vent, make sure you're with a good friend who will understand. Even if you just hang out doing nothing, your friend's presence can do wonders for your mood.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find other ways to get to school.\", \"描述\": \"Spending time in the same car as your parents will make things awkward. If you live close to your school, walk or ride your bike there. Take the school bus or public transit if you can. If all else fails, try to get a ride with your friends.\\nIf you must ride with your parents, keep your headphones on for the whole ride.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get an after-school job.\", \"描述\": \"The time away from home will give you space and independence from your parents. Also, earning your own money will allow you to avoid asking your parents for theirs. Just make sure your job doesn't conflict with school, homework, or sleep.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Participate in extra-curricular activities\", \"描述\": \"Join a sports team that appeals to you. Get involved in school clubs. Volunteer in your community. You'll not only get space from your parents, you'll also build confidence and collect bonus points for college applications.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Study at the library.\", \"描述\": \"The presence of your parents can add stress and eat into your study time. On the other hand, the quiet policy of most libraries will allow you to work without distractions. Study alone or meet up with a study group. You can also use online databases that you might not be able to use at home.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Your Parents after You've Moved Out\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't return their calls.\", \"描述\": \"Press the reject button when you see their number on the caller ID. If you have a flip phone, press one of the side buttons to silence the ringer. Either way, the call will go to voicemail. Whether you listen to the message or delete it immediately is up to you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid electronic communication.\", \"描述\": \"Don't return their emails. Unfollow them and make your timeline private if you're connected on social media. If you don't want to completely sever ties, just mute their posts. They won't know, and you can always unmute them if you make up.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep a physical distance.\", \"描述\": \"Don't visit them and tell them not to visit. Keep yourself busy if you don't want to make up excuses. Focus on your career or academic goals. Go out with your friends after work. Take a vacation if you can afford it.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Act maturely. Your parents are more likely to treat you like an adult if you act like one.\\n\", \"Don't become a shut-in. Get out of the house as often as possible.\\n\", \"A good idea when you have to spend time with your parents is to wear headphones, even if you aren’t actually watching a video/ listening to music, this gives the hint to people that you don’t want to be spoken to.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't yell or be rude to your parents. That will give them an excuse to punish you. When you have to, answer them quickly and politely.\\n\", \"Allow your parents to see that you are doing okay alone. Allowing them to see you sad and/or lonely can cause them to worry and jump to conclusions about you or what you are doing.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,216 | How to Avoid Tangled Hair | 1. Brushing Your Hair
1-1. Divide hair into sections before brushing.
Before putting that brush to your locks, divide your hair into 2-4 sections, and gently work your comb or brush through each section. If your hair is already tangled, move slowly and gently, working through knots with careful movements.
The thicker your hair is, the more sections you should use. Brushing through small sections of hair will aid in keeping hair smooth and frizz-free, which can help prevent knots.
Once you have combed through all sections, run the brush once or twice through all of your hair to minimize the appearance of parts and sections.
1-2. Brush from end to root.
If your hair is tangled, moving from root to end can worsen knots and cause pain. Instead, grasp your hair by the middle of the hair shaft, and brush from the middle down. Work your way up, gently easing any tangles that might have developed.
If the ends of your hair are knotted, start at the tips and work your way up.
This is a great way to avoid tangles, as well; brushing from the mid-shaft down, then going from the root down will sort through any stray hair or flyaways, and will help your brush avoid yanking.
1-3. Avoid brushing wet hair.
To keep knots at bay, avoid brushing wet hair. Brushing wet hair can cause breakage, which increases the risk of developing tangles. Instead, brush hair only when damp or dry. If you cannot avoid brushing wet hair, do so with a wooden, wide-toothed comb, and move slowly and gently.
Even with a wide-toothed comb, you should approach any existing knots gently. Separate the knot as much as possible with your fingers, then move on to combing.
1-4. Comb your hair with a wide-toothed comb.
Fine-toothed combs are great for short hair (think 1-2 inches and shorter) and facial hair, but are very quickly damaging to tangled medium-length and long hair. Instead of a fine-toothed comb, use a wide-toothed comb.
Although plastic will do, plastic combs often have small barbs and rough edges that can damage hair. If possible, use a comb made of wood or bamboo for a smoother, gentler finish.
Once you have detangled your medium or long hair, you can use a fine-toothed comb on it. If the hair is still knotted, however, it may cause more breakage.
1-5. Brush your hair morning and night with a boar-bristle brush.
Once you’ve worked through your hair with a comb, brush your hair (morning and night) with a boar-bristle brush. Boar-bristle brushes are gentle on the hair shaft and spread natural oils evenly throughout the hair, leading to fuller, moisturized, healthy hair, rather than dry or brittle hair.
Dry, brittle hair results in knots and tangles, so minimizing dryness is a must. When brushing with a boar bristle brush, brush in sections, and finish by turning your head upside-down, brushing from the base of your hairline to the crown of your head.
2. Cleaning and Styling Your Hair
2-1. Shampoo your roots only.
When you shampoo, start at the root, and work your way to the middle of your hair, avoiding the ends altogether. Instead of scrunching your hair into a bun and lathering all of your hair with your shampoo, leave the ends of your hair down, and work your shampoo through your hair, massaging your scalp as you do so. The shampoo will run down your hair to the tips, so you don't need to apply shampoo to the ends directly.
Shampooing can be extremely drying. If you are prone to dry hair, shampoo only once every other day, or even once per week.
If you put shampoo directly on the ends, it can dry your hair out, leading to more tangles.
2-2. Condition the ends of your hair.
Whether or not you shampoo the ends of your hair, you ought to condition them. Use a traditional rinse conditioner or a leave-in conditioner. Starting at the middle of the hair shaft, work conditioner down the hair shaft, avoiding the roots. This will keep the ends of your hair soft and pliable, while avoiding excess oil at the root.
One of the most common causes of tangles is dryness. Keeping your hair moisturized and healthy will cut down on tangles.
2-3. Trim your hair regularly.
Aim to get a trim every 6-8 weeks. Regular trims will stave off split ends and breakage, which can lead to knots and tangles. If you notice split ends in between trims, you can even perform a quick trim yourself, or increase the frequency of your hair appointments. Split ends are usually caused by dry, damaged hair, so if you notice a recurrence of split ends, trim more often.
If you do trim your hair yourself, instead of a licensed cosmetologist, avoid cutting extreme lengths, layers, and cutting straight across. Instead, cut in small sections, holding your scissors at a slight angle to keep the ends even.
2-4. Enlist the help of hair oil.
Like conditioner, hair oil can be used to smooth and moisten hair ends. You typically want to avoid using hair oil at the root, but can use a gentle hair oil from mid-shaft down.
Not all oils are created equal. Although coconut and olive oil can be great for hair treatments, they are not ideal for everyday use, as they can weigh hair down. Opt for a thinner oil, such as argan, when searching for an everyday hair oil.
Less is more where hair oils are concerned. Use only one or two drops, rub the drops between your hands, and comb your hands through the ends of your hair. Your hair should not feel stringy or damp following the application of hair oil. If it does, you have used too much oil, or the oil is too thick.
2-5. Use a detangler, when necessary.
Sometimes, tangles will prevail despite your best efforts. In these cases, a detangler can help soften and loosen hair to make brushing through existing tangles and avoiding additional tangles easy. Even with a detangler, however, be careful to use a wide-toothed comb rather than a brush or fine-toothed comb.
When purchasing a detangler, pay close attention to the ingredients. The ingredients should be moisturizing (think oils), rather than drying. If a detangler has alcohol or other drying agents in it, it may do more harm than good.
If you do not have a detangling spray, mix ⅓ cup of filtered water, ⅓ cup of apple cider vinegar, and 1 teaspoon of oil. Using a spray bottle, spray this mixture onto your hair and comb through as usual.
2-6. Blow-dry your hair straight down.
While placing your blow dryer underneath your hair and blowing up may give you added volume, it will also create a mass of tangles. Instead, blow dry your hair using a round brush or stiff-bristled brush, and pass the dryer along your hair shaft in smooth, long strokes.
Using a dryer too often can result in breakage. Avoid drying when you are able, and refrain from holding the dryer closer than 4-6 inches.
2-7. Tie braids or buns with a nylon band.
Hair ties can contribute to breakage. Small rubber bands are particularly harmful, though thread-wrapped bands can also lead to breakage via the hair tie’s seam. To avoid breakage, use a nylon band whenever possible.
You can purchase nylon bands from your local supermarket or beauty store. Look online as well. You can make your own using an old pair of tights. To make your own, simply cut your tights into 1-inch strips width-wise.
Nylon bands will stretch out faster and easier than rubber bands, so expect to get only 2-3 months’ use out of each one. Because they don’t last as long, cutting up old, unused nylons is the more economical option.
3. Using Sleep Techniques
3-1. Braid or tie your hair up before hitting the pillows.
One of the easiest ways to tangle hair is to sleep on loose hair. Avoid going to sleep with loose hair, instead opting for a braid or loose bun. This will keep your hair strong and contained, and turning your head throughout the night will not result in knots.
Use nylon hair ties during the night, especially, as you will likely experience some tossing and turning. Rubber bands can dig into the hair during this time, causing breakage overnight.
All sleep styles should be done loosely. A tight ponytail, bun, or braid will tug on hair and risk breakage. A loose french braid or loose, low bun are the safest options.
3-2. Avoid sleeping with wet hair.
If possible, do not go to sleep with wet hair. When hair is wet, it is far more prone to damage. Tossing and turning while your hair is drying can create frizz, rather than a smooth hair shaft, which leads to tangles. If you must sleep on wet hair, be sure to comb with a wide-toothed comb, and place in a braid or bun first.
If you prefer showering at night, try to do so at least an hour before going to bed. On days when this is not possible, you can use a hair dryer on its lowest setting. If you do this, be sure to brush your hair before getting into bed.
3-3. Use a silk pillowcase.
Cotton, polyester, and similar fibers can make hair more prone to tangling. This is largely due to the nature of the cloth; these fibers are usually somewhat rough in texture, which can catch hair strands, and cause knots or damaged shafts. Instead, use silk pillowcases so hair can move freely, without catching or knotting.
This does require a bit of an investment, as silk pillowcases are not cheap. Be careful when choosing your pillowcase. Search for 100% silk, and avoid satin and other synthetic fibers.
3-4. Apply a conditioning treatment overnight.
Conditioning treatments are best left on overnight, and rinsed off in the morning. Apply a treatment before bed. Wear a shower cap or lay a towel on your pillow to avoid staining. Leaving the conditioner on overnight with ensure your hair shaft soaks up as much of the moisture as possible, while keeping your hair strands slick and smooth, allowing them to slide against each other freely.
Oil treatments are best for dry, coarse hair. Use treatments with argan, olive, or coconut oil for thick, dry hair. Keratin treatments can be supplemented using oils.
Fine, thin hair is best helped by lighter ingredients, such as keratin. If your hair is fine or thin, oil might weigh your hair down and should be avoided.
3-5. Ensure deep, uninterrupted sleep.
Tossing and turning lends itself to tangles. One of the simplest ways to avoid tangles is to get good-quality sleep, where your body does not require a lot of moving around. When you get ready for bed, try to relax and create a calming sleep environment.
To help yourself relax before bed, drink a warm cup of tea and read a book or listen to soothing music.
Avoid using electronics right before bed, as the blue light from electronics can disrupt sleep cycles and lead to fractionated sleep, resulting in more movement and additional knots.
Tips
If your hair has a lot of damage to the ends, you may need to get a significant cut to remove damage and avoid tangles. This is best done by a professional.
Implement a simple morning and evening routine to make sure your hair is being taken care of properly, including brushing, moisturizing (if needed), and styling.
If you want curly hair, use pin curls or rollers instead of a curling iron. This does the double-duty of limiting heat tools, and keeping hair up during the night.
Warnings
Too much heat styling can lead to breakage and a breakdown in the hair shaft. Whenever possible, style your hair without heating tools. If you do use heat, spray a heat protectant on your hair first.
Never yank on your hair. If you encounter a tangle, hold your hair just above the tangle, and gently work the knot out. Yanking on hair can cause pain and hair loss.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:31",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Brushing Your Hair\\n1-1. Divide hair into sections before brushing.\\nBefore putting that brush to your locks, divide your hair into 2-4 sections, and gently work your comb or brush through each section. If your hair is already tangled, move slowly and gently, working through knots with careful movements.\\nThe thicker your hair is, the more sections you should use. Brushing through small sections of hair will aid in keeping hair smooth and frizz-free, which can help prevent knots.\\nOnce you have combed through all sections, run the brush once or twice through all of your hair to minimize the appearance of parts and sections.\\n1-2. Brush from end to root.\\nIf your hair is tangled, moving from root to end can worsen knots and cause pain. Instead, grasp your hair by the middle of the hair shaft, and brush from the middle down. Work your way up, gently easing any tangles that might have developed.\\nIf the ends of your hair are knotted, start at the tips and work your way up.\\nThis is a great way to avoid tangles, as well; brushing from the mid-shaft down, then going from the root down will sort through any stray hair or flyaways, and will help your brush avoid yanking.\\n1-3. Avoid brushing wet hair.\\nTo keep knots at bay, avoid brushing wet hair. Brushing wet hair can cause breakage, which increases the risk of developing tangles. Instead, brush hair only when damp or dry. If you cannot avoid brushing wet hair, do so with a wooden, wide-toothed comb, and move slowly and gently.\\nEven with a wide-toothed comb, you should approach any existing knots gently. Separate the knot as much as possible with your fingers, then move on to combing.\\n1-4. Comb your hair with a wide-toothed comb.\\nFine-toothed combs are great for short hair (think 1-2 inches and shorter) and facial hair, but are very quickly damaging to tangled medium-length and long hair. Instead of a fine-toothed comb, use a wide-toothed comb.\\nAlthough plastic will do, plastic combs often have small barbs and rough edges that can damage hair. If possible, use a comb made of wood or bamboo for a smoother, gentler finish.\\nOnce you have detangled your medium or long hair, you can use a fine-toothed comb on it. If the hair is still knotted, however, it may cause more breakage.\\n1-5. Brush your hair morning and night with a boar-bristle brush.\\nOnce you’ve worked through your hair with a comb, brush your hair (morning and night) with a boar-bristle brush. Boar-bristle brushes are gentle on the hair shaft and spread natural oils evenly throughout the hair, leading to fuller, moisturized, healthy hair, rather than dry or brittle hair.\\nDry, brittle hair results in knots and tangles, so minimizing dryness is a must. When brushing with a boar bristle brush, brush in sections, and finish by turning your head upside-down, brushing from the base of your hairline to the crown of your head.\\n2. Cleaning and Styling Your Hair\\n2-1. Shampoo your roots only.\\nWhen you shampoo, start at the root, and work your way to the middle of your hair, avoiding the ends altogether. Instead of scrunching your hair into a bun and lathering all of your hair with your shampoo, leave the ends of your hair down, and work your shampoo through your hair, massaging your scalp as you do so. The shampoo will run down your hair to the tips, so you don't need to apply shampoo to the ends directly.\\nShampooing can be extremely drying. If you are prone to dry hair, shampoo only once every other day, or even once per week.\\nIf you put shampoo directly on the ends, it can dry your hair out, leading to more tangles.\\n2-2. Condition the ends of your hair.\\nWhether or not you shampoo the ends of your hair, you ought to condition them. Use a traditional rinse conditioner or a leave-in conditioner. Starting at the middle of the hair shaft, work conditioner down the hair shaft, avoiding the roots. This will keep the ends of your hair soft and pliable, while avoiding excess oil at the root.\\nOne of the most common causes of tangles is dryness. Keeping your hair moisturized and healthy will cut down on tangles.\\n2-3. Trim your hair regularly.\\nAim to get a trim every 6-8 weeks. Regular trims will stave off split ends and breakage, which can lead to knots and tangles. If you notice split ends in between trims, you can even perform a quick trim yourself, or increase the frequency of your hair appointments. Split ends are usually caused by dry, damaged hair, so if you notice a recurrence of split ends, trim more often.\\nIf you do trim your hair yourself, instead of a licensed cosmetologist, avoid cutting extreme lengths, layers, and cutting straight across. Instead, cut in small sections, holding your scissors at a slight angle to keep the ends even.\\n2-4. Enlist the help of hair oil.\\nLike conditioner, hair oil can be used to smooth and moisten hair ends. You typically want to avoid using hair oil at the root, but can use a gentle hair oil from mid-shaft down.\\nNot all oils are created equal. Although coconut and olive oil can be great for hair treatments, they are not ideal for everyday use, as they can weigh hair down. Opt for a thinner oil, such as argan, when searching for an everyday hair oil.\\nLess is more where hair oils are concerned. Use only one or two drops, rub the drops between your hands, and comb your hands through the ends of your hair. Your hair should not feel stringy or damp following the application of hair oil. If it does, you have used too much oil, or the oil is too thick.\\n2-5. Use a detangler, when necessary.\\nSometimes, tangles will prevail despite your best efforts. In these cases, a detangler can help soften and loosen hair to make brushing through existing tangles and avoiding additional tangles easy. Even with a detangler, however, be careful to use a wide-toothed comb rather than a brush or fine-toothed comb.\\nWhen purchasing a detangler, pay close attention to the ingredients. The ingredients should be moisturizing (think oils), rather than drying. If a detangler has alcohol or other drying agents in it, it may do more harm than good.\\nIf you do not have a detangling spray, mix ⅓ cup of filtered water, ⅓ cup of apple cider vinegar, and 1 teaspoon of oil. Using a spray bottle, spray this mixture onto your hair and comb through as usual.\\n2-6. Blow-dry your hair straight down.\\nWhile placing your blow dryer underneath your hair and blowing up may give you added volume, it will also create a mass of tangles. Instead, blow dry your hair using a round brush or stiff-bristled brush, and pass the dryer along your hair shaft in smooth, long strokes.\\nUsing a dryer too often can result in breakage. Avoid drying when you are able, and refrain from holding the dryer closer than 4-6 inches.\\n2-7. Tie braids or buns with a nylon band.\\nHair ties can contribute to breakage. Small rubber bands are particularly harmful, though thread-wrapped bands can also lead to breakage via the hair tie’s seam. To avoid breakage, use a nylon band whenever possible.\\nYou can purchase nylon bands from your local supermarket or beauty store. Look online as well. You can make your own using an old pair of tights. To make your own, simply cut your tights into 1-inch strips width-wise.\\nNylon bands will stretch out faster and easier than rubber bands, so expect to get only 2-3 months’ use out of each one. Because they don’t last as long, cutting up old, unused nylons is the more economical option.\\n3. Using Sleep Techniques\\n3-1. Braid or tie your hair up before hitting the pillows.\\nOne of the easiest ways to tangle hair is to sleep on loose hair. Avoid going to sleep with loose hair, instead opting for a braid or loose bun. This will keep your hair strong and contained, and turning your head throughout the night will not result in knots.\\nUse nylon hair ties during the night, especially, as you will likely experience some tossing and turning. Rubber bands can dig into the hair during this time, causing breakage overnight.\\nAll sleep styles should be done loosely. A tight ponytail, bun, or braid will tug on hair and risk breakage. A loose french braid or loose, low bun are the safest options.\\n3-2. Avoid sleeping with wet hair.\\nIf possible, do not go to sleep with wet hair. When hair is wet, it is far more prone to damage. Tossing and turning while your hair is drying can create frizz, rather than a smooth hair shaft, which leads to tangles. If you must sleep on wet hair, be sure to comb with a wide-toothed comb, and place in a braid or bun first.\\nIf you prefer showering at night, try to do so at least an hour before going to bed. On days when this is not possible, you can use a hair dryer on its lowest setting. If you do this, be sure to brush your hair before getting into bed.\\n3-3. Use a silk pillowcase.\\nCotton, polyester, and similar fibers can make hair more prone to tangling. This is largely due to the nature of the cloth; these fibers are usually somewhat rough in texture, which can catch hair strands, and cause knots or damaged shafts. Instead, use silk pillowcases so hair can move freely, without catching or knotting.\\nThis does require a bit of an investment, as silk pillowcases are not cheap. Be careful when choosing your pillowcase. Search for 100% silk, and avoid satin and other synthetic fibers.\\n3-4. Apply a conditioning treatment overnight.\\nConditioning treatments are best left on overnight, and rinsed off in the morning. Apply a treatment before bed. Wear a shower cap or lay a towel on your pillow to avoid staining. Leaving the conditioner on overnight with ensure your hair shaft soaks up as much of the moisture as possible, while keeping your hair strands slick and smooth, allowing them to slide against each other freely.\\nOil treatments are best for dry, coarse hair. Use treatments with argan, olive, or coconut oil for thick, dry hair. Keratin treatments can be supplemented using oils.\\nFine, thin hair is best helped by lighter ingredients, such as keratin. If your hair is fine or thin, oil might weigh your hair down and should be avoided.\\n3-5. Ensure deep, uninterrupted sleep.\\nTossing and turning lends itself to tangles. One of the simplest ways to avoid tangles is to get good-quality sleep, where your body does not require a lot of moving around. When you get ready for bed, try to relax and create a calming sleep environment.\\nTo help yourself relax before bed, drink a warm cup of tea and read a book or listen to soothing music.\\nAvoid using electronics right before bed, as the blue light from electronics can disrupt sleep cycles and lead to fractionated sleep, resulting in more movement and additional knots.\\nTips\\nIf your hair has a lot of damage to the ends, you may need to get a significant cut to remove damage and avoid tangles. This is best done by a professional.\\nImplement a simple morning and evening routine to make sure your hair is being taken care of properly, including brushing, moisturizing (if needed), and styling.\\nIf you want curly hair, use pin curls or rollers instead of a curling iron. This does the double-duty of limiting heat tools, and keeping hair up during the night.\\nWarnings\\nToo much heat styling can lead to breakage and a breakdown in the hair shaft. Whenever possible, style your hair without heating tools. If you do use heat, spray a heat protectant on your hair first.\\nNever yank on your hair. If you encounter a tangle, hold your hair just above the tangle, and gently work the knot out. Yanking on hair can cause pain and hair loss.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Tangled hair is a nuisance. Whether your hair is curly, straight, short, or long, a mass of tangles is an unpleasant problem to deal with, and can cause pain, hair loss, and breakage. Although you can certainly comb out tangles, it is best to avoid them altogether. Fortunately, using the right brushing techniques, a few tools, and more effective sleeping techniques, you can ban tangled hair once and for all.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Brushing Your Hair\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Divide hair into sections before brushing.\", \"描述\": \"Before putting that brush to your locks, divide your hair into 2-4 sections, and gently work your comb or brush through each section. If your hair is already tangled, move slowly and gently, working through knots with careful movements.\\nThe thicker your hair is, the more sections you should use. Brushing through small sections of hair will aid in keeping hair smooth and frizz-free, which can help prevent knots.\\nOnce you have combed through all sections, run the brush once or twice through all of your hair to minimize the appearance of parts and sections.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Brush from end to root.\", \"描述\": \"If your hair is tangled, moving from root to end can worsen knots and cause pain. Instead, grasp your hair by the middle of the hair shaft, and brush from the middle down. Work your way up, gently easing any tangles that might have developed.\\nIf the ends of your hair are knotted, start at the tips and work your way up.\\nThis is a great way to avoid tangles, as well; brushing from the mid-shaft down, then going from the root down will sort through any stray hair or flyaways, and will help your brush avoid yanking.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid brushing wet hair.\", \"描述\": \"To keep knots at bay, avoid brushing wet hair. Brushing wet hair can cause breakage, which increases the risk of developing tangles. Instead, brush hair only when damp or dry. If you cannot avoid brushing wet hair, do so with a wooden, wide-toothed comb, and move slowly and gently.\\nEven with a wide-toothed comb, you should approach any existing knots gently. Separate the knot as much as possible with your fingers, then move on to combing.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Comb your hair with a wide-toothed comb.\", \"描述\": \"Fine-toothed combs are great for short hair (think 1-2 inches and shorter) and facial hair, but are very quickly damaging to tangled medium-length and long hair. Instead of a fine-toothed comb, use a wide-toothed comb.\\nAlthough plastic will do, plastic combs often have small barbs and rough edges that can damage hair. If possible, use a comb made of wood or bamboo for a smoother, gentler finish.\\nOnce you have detangled your medium or long hair, you can use a fine-toothed comb on it. If the hair is still knotted, however, it may cause more breakage.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Brush your hair morning and night with a boar-bristle brush.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve worked through your hair with a comb, brush your hair (morning and night) with a boar-bristle brush. Boar-bristle brushes are gentle on the hair shaft and spread natural oils evenly throughout the hair, leading to fuller, moisturized, healthy hair, rather than dry or brittle hair.\\nDry, brittle hair results in knots and tangles, so minimizing dryness is a must. When brushing with a boar bristle brush, brush in sections, and finish by turning your head upside-down, brushing from the base of your hairline to the crown of your head.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Cleaning and Styling Your Hair\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Shampoo your roots only.\", \"描述\": \"When you shampoo, start at the root, and work your way to the middle of your hair, avoiding the ends altogether. Instead of scrunching your hair into a bun and lathering all of your hair with your shampoo, leave the ends of your hair down, and work your shampoo through your hair, massaging your scalp as you do so. The shampoo will run down your hair to the tips, so you don't need to apply shampoo to the ends directly.\\nShampooing can be extremely drying. If you are prone to dry hair, shampoo only once every other day, or even once per week.\\nIf you put shampoo directly on the ends, it can dry your hair out, leading to more tangles.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Condition the ends of your hair.\", \"描述\": \"Whether or not you shampoo the ends of your hair, you ought to condition them. Use a traditional rinse conditioner or a leave-in conditioner. Starting at the middle of the hair shaft, work conditioner down the hair shaft, avoiding the roots. This will keep the ends of your hair soft and pliable, while avoiding excess oil at the root.\\nOne of the most common causes of tangles is dryness. Keeping your hair moisturized and healthy will cut down on tangles.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Trim your hair regularly.\", \"描述\": \"Aim to get a trim every 6-8 weeks. Regular trims will stave off split ends and breakage, which can lead to knots and tangles. If you notice split ends in between trims, you can even perform a quick trim yourself, or increase the frequency of your hair appointments. Split ends are usually caused by dry, damaged hair, so if you notice a recurrence of split ends, trim more often.\\nIf you do trim your hair yourself, instead of a licensed cosmetologist, avoid cutting extreme lengths, layers, and cutting straight across. Instead, cut in small sections, holding your scissors at a slight angle to keep the ends even.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Enlist the help of hair oil.\", \"描述\": \"Like conditioner, hair oil can be used to smooth and moisten hair ends. You typically want to avoid using hair oil at the root, but can use a gentle hair oil from mid-shaft down.\\nNot all oils are created equal. Although coconut and olive oil can be great for hair treatments, they are not ideal for everyday use, as they can weigh hair down. Opt for a thinner oil, such as argan, when searching for an everyday hair oil.\\nLess is more where hair oils are concerned. Use only one or two drops, rub the drops between your hands, and comb your hands through the ends of your hair. Your hair should not feel stringy or damp following the application of hair oil. If it does, you have used too much oil, or the oil is too thick.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Use a detangler, when necessary.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, tangles will prevail despite your best efforts. In these cases, a detangler can help soften and loosen hair to make brushing through existing tangles and avoiding additional tangles easy. Even with a detangler, however, be careful to use a wide-toothed comb rather than a brush or fine-toothed comb.\\nWhen purchasing a detangler, pay close attention to the ingredients. The ingredients should be moisturizing (think oils), rather than drying. If a detangler has alcohol or other drying agents in it, it may do more harm than good.\\nIf you do not have a detangling spray, mix ⅓ cup of filtered water, ⅓ cup of apple cider vinegar, and 1 teaspoon of oil. Using a spray bottle, spray this mixture onto your hair and comb through as usual.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Blow-dry your hair straight down.\", \"描述\": \"While placing your blow dryer underneath your hair and blowing up may give you added volume, it will also create a mass of tangles. Instead, blow dry your hair using a round brush or stiff-bristled brush, and pass the dryer along your hair shaft in smooth, long strokes.\\nUsing a dryer too often can result in breakage. Avoid drying when you are able, and refrain from holding the dryer closer than 4-6 inches.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Tie braids or buns with a nylon band.\", \"描述\": \"Hair ties can contribute to breakage. Small rubber bands are particularly harmful, though thread-wrapped bands can also lead to breakage via the hair tie’s seam. To avoid breakage, use a nylon band whenever possible.\\nYou can purchase nylon bands from your local supermarket or beauty store. Look online as well. You can make your own using an old pair of tights. To make your own, simply cut your tights into 1-inch strips width-wise.\\nNylon bands will stretch out faster and easier than rubber bands, so expect to get only 2-3 months’ use out of each one. Because they don’t last as long, cutting up old, unused nylons is the more economical option.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Using Sleep Techniques\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Braid or tie your hair up before hitting the pillows.\", \"描述\": \"One of the easiest ways to tangle hair is to sleep on loose hair. Avoid going to sleep with loose hair, instead opting for a braid or loose bun. This will keep your hair strong and contained, and turning your head throughout the night will not result in knots.\\nUse nylon hair ties during the night, especially, as you will likely experience some tossing and turning. Rubber bands can dig into the hair during this time, causing breakage overnight.\\nAll sleep styles should be done loosely. A tight ponytail, bun, or braid will tug on hair and risk breakage. A loose french braid or loose, low bun are the safest options.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid sleeping with wet hair.\", \"描述\": \"If possible, do not go to sleep with wet hair. When hair is wet, it is far more prone to damage. Tossing and turning while your hair is drying can create frizz, rather than a smooth hair shaft, which leads to tangles. If you must sleep on wet hair, be sure to comb with a wide-toothed comb, and place in a braid or bun first.\\nIf you prefer showering at night, try to do so at least an hour before going to bed. On days when this is not possible, you can use a hair dryer on its lowest setting. If you do this, be sure to brush your hair before getting into bed.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use a silk pillowcase.\", \"描述\": \"Cotton, polyester, and similar fibers can make hair more prone to tangling. This is largely due to the nature of the cloth; these fibers are usually somewhat rough in texture, which can catch hair strands, and cause knots or damaged shafts. Instead, use silk pillowcases so hair can move freely, without catching or knotting.\\nThis does require a bit of an investment, as silk pillowcases are not cheap. Be careful when choosing your pillowcase. Search for 100% silk, and avoid satin and other synthetic fibers.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply a conditioning treatment overnight.\", \"描述\": \"Conditioning treatments are best left on overnight, and rinsed off in the morning. Apply a treatment before bed. Wear a shower cap or lay a towel on your pillow to avoid staining. Leaving the conditioner on overnight with ensure your hair shaft soaks up as much of the moisture as possible, while keeping your hair strands slick and smooth, allowing them to slide against each other freely.\\nOil treatments are best for dry, coarse hair. Use treatments with argan, olive, or coconut oil for thick, dry hair. Keratin treatments can be supplemented using oils.\\nFine, thin hair is best helped by lighter ingredients, such as keratin. If your hair is fine or thin, oil might weigh your hair down and should be avoided.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ensure deep, uninterrupted sleep.\", \"描述\": \"Tossing and turning lends itself to tangles. One of the simplest ways to avoid tangles is to get good-quality sleep, where your body does not require a lot of moving around. When you get ready for bed, try to relax and create a calming sleep environment.\\nTo help yourself relax before bed, drink a warm cup of tea and read a book or listen to soothing music.\\nAvoid using electronics right before bed, as the blue light from electronics can disrupt sleep cycles and lead to fractionated sleep, resulting in more movement and additional knots.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If your hair has a lot of damage to the ends, you may need to get a significant cut to remove damage and avoid tangles. This is best done by a professional.\\n\", \"Implement a simple morning and evening routine to make sure your hair is being taken care of properly, including brushing, moisturizing (if needed), and styling.\\n\", \"If you want curly hair, use pin curls or rollers instead of a curling iron. This does the double-duty of limiting heat tools, and keeping hair up during the night.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Too much heat styling can lead to breakage and a breakdown in the hair shaft. Whenever possible, style your hair without heating tools. If you do use heat, spray a heat protectant on your hair first.\\n\", \"Never yank on your hair. If you encounter a tangle, hold your hair just above the tangle, and gently work the knot out. Yanking on hair can cause pain and hair loss.\\n\"]}]}}",
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3,217 | How to Avoid Tax Evasion | 1. Reporting All Income
1-1. Keep a log of any cash payments you receive.
Working "under the table" can be helpful because you get paid in cash immediately—but it doesn't mean you don't owe taxes on the money you make. Start a log with the date, amount, and name of the person who paid you that you can use to record all of these payments.
This includes money someone gives you for one-time assistance, such as if a friend pays you to help them move or a neighbor pays you to mow their lawn.
If you work regularly as a babysitter, mowing lawns, or helping people around the house, these cash payments are all taxable income.
1-2. Record all of your tips if you work in the service industry.
Tips are the life-blood of many in the service industry, but even cash tips are subject to tax. While it might be common for many people to simply pocket that money, doing so is tax evasion.
Credit card tips are included with your regular income, which means your employer withholds taxes. However, if your employer doesn't require you to report cash tips to them, that could mean you end up owing. Get ahead of the game by putting aside $3 for every $10 you make in tips. That way, you won't face an unpleasant surprise in April.
1-3. Record income from side-gigs.
Whether you sell cosmetics, ride-share, or deliver food, all of your income from side-gigs is taxable—regardless of whether the company submits a 1099 form reporting it. Keep track of every dollar, even if you only keep the side-gig temporarily.
If you have a side-gig like this, you're considered self-employed—even if you work a full-time job. This means you can deduct any expenses you incurred for your side gig and reduce the amount of tax liability you have on that income. However, you still have to report all of the income.
If you have multiple streams of income going, make sure you keep them separate, because they'll need to be reported separately. For example, if you drive for Uber and also deliver food for GrubHub, you would need to keep those incomes separate. Similarly, if you drive for both Uber and Lyft, you still need to keep those incomes separate.
1-4. Calculate the fair market value of benefits you receive as compensation.
Anything you receive other than money in exchange for your services is considered taxable income. This includes barter, in which you exchange a service for a service from someone else.
For example, if you mow your dentist's yard in exchange for free dental work, the fair market value of that dental work would be considered taxable income.
If your employer offers employees a free gym membership as a fringe benefit or perk, the fair market value of that gym membership is also typically considered income. However, there are exceptions to this. Talk to a tax attorney or accountant.
1-5. Include settlement amounts in your income for the year.
If you won a lawsuit or received a settlement, the amount you won is likely part of your gross income. There is an exception if your settlement or award is related to a physical injury you sustained.
This also applies to debt settlements. Generally, if you settle a debt with a credit card company or collections agency, you can expect to pay taxes on the difference between the amount you paid and the total amount you originally owed. If you've recently settled a debt, it's a good idea to talk to an accountant or tax attorney about this.
1-6. Leave out inheritances unless you sell inherited property.
Generally, inherited money is not considered income, so you wouldn't have to either report it or pay taxes on it. However, if you inherit property and later sell it, you might owe taxes on any money you made as a result of the sale.
To figure this out, you need to know the fair market value of the property on the date the person you inherited it from died. The executor of that person's estate has this information because they needed it to total the value of the estate. That's the value of the property that you inherited (called your "basis" for tax purposes).
If you sell the property for more than your basis, that amount is taxable income. For example, if you inherit real estate valued at $250,000, then sell it for $500,000, you would have $250,000 in taxable income.
2. Taking Allowable Deductions
2-1. Claim deductions only if you have receipts.
While you don't have to submit receipts with your tax return, the IRS expects you to have them if your return is audited. Even if you specifically remember a deductible expense, you can't claim it without proof of it. Some expenses may require more than one document to prove that you had the expense and it's deductible for the reason you claim.
For example, if the receipt doesn't specifically list your purchases, you might need to keep an invoice or order form that does include the specific items.
If you claim a deduction that you don't have receipts for, the best-case scenario if you're audited is that the IRS will disallow the deduction and require you to pay more in taxes. Too many of those, though, and it starts to look like you were evading taxes.
2-2. Complete the IRS worksheets for credits and deductions every year.
The IRS offers many credits and deductions that allow anyone to reduce their tax bill. But just because you took the credit last year doesn't mean you're still qualified to take it this year. Do the work every year to make sure you still qualify—even if your situation hasn't changed, the tax law might have.
If you do your taxes using tax preparation software, the program will ask you questions to determine whether you qualify for various credits or deductions. This can help you ensure that you meet the requirements.
2-3. Itemize your deductions only in extraordinary circumstances.
As of 2020, the standard deduction provides more benefit to most Americans than itemizing. If you choose to itemize your deductions, your tax return might attract closer scrutiny. To avoid accusations of tax evasion, only itemize if any of the following are true (and you can back your deductions up with thorough documentation):
You had significant uninsured medical and dental expenses, such as an extended hospital stay
You paid interest or taxes on your home that exceed the amount of your standard deduction
You had substantial uninsured losses as the result of a federally declared disaster (usually a severe weather event)
You made extraordinary charitable contributions, such as donating real estate
2-4. Use your home office only for business purposes.
If you're a freelancer who works from home, your home office deduction is likely your largest single deduction. It can also be the easiest thing to fudge if you want to lower your tax bill—but doing so likely constitutes tax evasion. To qualify for a home office deduction, use the entire area you claim exclusively for business purposes.
For example, suppose you have your office set up in the guest bedroom of your house. You use the room exclusively for business purposes, except for twice a year when your sister comes to visit and stays in that room. You would need to subtract those 2 periods since the room isn't being used exclusively for business purposes during that time.
Even if you only have the space to set up a small corner for your home office, it's still crucial if you want to take advantage of this deduction. Working from your dining room table is only deductible if your dining room table is only ever used for that purpose, and never for family dining, game night, or arts and crafts.
2-5. Allocate business and personal use realistically.
You get deductions for a lot of things you use in your business that you wouldn't get a deduction for otherwise. If you have a side-gig, it can be tempting to inflate the percentage of time you use things for business to get a bigger deduction and lower your tax bill. Unfortunately, this is tax evasion.
If you work for a ride-share company and want to deduct costs associated with your car, keep mileage logs for your ride-share gig. Compare the miles you drove ride-share to your total mileage for the year. That percentage is the percentage of vehicle costs you can deduct.
For example, if you drove a total of 80,000 miles over the year, and 35,000 of those miles were ride-share, you could safely deduct up to 44% of your vehicle costs.
If you use the same resources for different side-gigs, you also need to allocate between those. For example, if you drive for both Uber and Lyft, you would need to calculate the number of miles you drove for Uber and the number of miles you drove for Lyft.
2-6. Value non-cash donations fairly and honestly.
If you make a cash contribution to a charity, you can claim a deduction on your taxes. The same goes for "in-kind" donations, such as if you donate clothing or canned goods. However, the value of those items is usually less than what you paid for them retail. Typically, you can ask the charity for a receipt and they'll assign a tax-deductible value to your goods for you.
For example, if you donate a bag of clothes, it's typically valued by weight—not by the value of specific items of clothing, even if they all happen to be high-end designer pieces.
If your non-cash donation is legitimately worth more than $500, there's an additional form for you to fill out and submit with your tax return. If it's worth more than $5,000, you have to back up your valuation with a qualified appraisal.
A large amount of charitable donations, especially if you don't typically claim significant deductions for charitable contributions, can be a huge red flag to IRS auditors.
3. Maintaining Complete Records
3-1. Create a single location for maintaining your files.
Invest in a filing cabinet or box where you can keep your tax records. Then, you'll need file folders or envelopes to separate the records for each year. If your tax return is relatively simple, you might not need much more than this.
For example, if you don't have any self-employment income and don't claim any deductions, you may not have anything in your file but your W-2 and your tax return. These can be easily kept in a single manila envelope.
If you claim numerous deductions in different categories, you'll typically need a more elaborate filing system to keep everything organized.
If you're keeping digital files, organize them in much the same way you would if you have a paper filing cabinet. Create one folder for tax records, then add a folder within it for each year. Use folders within each year's folder to further organize your files.
3-2. Label receipts and documents clearly.
Right after you buy something, you likely know exactly what the receipt is for. But will you still remember a year from now, or even 3 years from now? Make notes on your receipts and documents so you'll always know exactly what they are.
Thermal receipts can fade with time, so make a photocopy of it as soon as possible after the purchase. Staple the original receipt to the photocopy.
3-3. Organize your documents into categories.
If you're claiming a lot of deductions, keeping your receipts and documents organized will make your life (or your accountant's life) easier come tax time. Create file folders for all of the following categories in which you anticipate having deductible expenses:
Personal expenses
Medical and dental expenses
Utility bills
Mortgage payments and home improvements (if you own your home)
Bank statements
Investment statements
Pay stubs and other income records
Business expenses (by category)
3-4. Keep digital and paper records.
Even if you still keep paper records, scan all of your documents so you have a digital copy. Digital copies don't degrade the way paper records do, and you'll always have a backup on hand if that receipt fades or that invoice goes missing.
If you're paper-free, make a copy of your tax documentation on a thumb drive and store it in a different location, so if anything happens, you've still got the records you need.
3-5. Save your records for at least 7 years.
While it's true that you can get away with tossing some records after 3 or 4 years, you want to be on the safe side. Keep at least digital copies of all your tax records for at least 7 years from the date of the tax return they apply to.
If the records are related to real estate or physical property, keep them for as long as you own the property.
If you are self-employed, you may have more administrative and tax burden than employees.
You can use accounting software such as Quickbooks to maintain records.
Set up a separate business bank account so someone else can help you out with the accounting.
Tips
Round figures, especially for deductions, to the nearest dollar. Too many evenly round numbers, such as $500 and $1,000, may raise suspicions with the IRS that you're fudging those amounts.[25]
X
Research source
To make sure you pay as little tax as possible while staying within the bounds of the law, use a qualified tax professional to file your taxes every year.
Warnings
This article discusses how to avoid tax evasion in the US. If you live in another country, consult a local tax attorney or an accountant.
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"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Reporting All Income\\n1-1. Keep a log of any cash payments you receive.\\nWorking \\\"under the table\\\" can be helpful because you get paid in cash immediately—but it doesn't mean you don't owe taxes on the money you make. Start a log with the date, amount, and name of the person who paid you that you can use to record all of these payments.\\nThis includes money someone gives you for one-time assistance, such as if a friend pays you to help them move or a neighbor pays you to mow their lawn.\\nIf you work regularly as a babysitter, mowing lawns, or helping people around the house, these cash payments are all taxable income.\\n1-2. Record all of your tips if you work in the service industry.\\nTips are the life-blood of many in the service industry, but even cash tips are subject to tax. While it might be common for many people to simply pocket that money, doing so is tax evasion.\\nCredit card tips are included with your regular income, which means your employer withholds taxes. However, if your employer doesn't require you to report cash tips to them, that could mean you end up owing. Get ahead of the game by putting aside $3 for every $10 you make in tips. That way, you won't face an unpleasant surprise in April.\\n1-3. Record income from side-gigs.\\nWhether you sell cosmetics, ride-share, or deliver food, all of your income from side-gigs is taxable—regardless of whether the company submits a 1099 form reporting it. Keep track of every dollar, even if you only keep the side-gig temporarily.\\nIf you have a side-gig like this, you're considered self-employed—even if you work a full-time job. This means you can deduct any expenses you incurred for your side gig and reduce the amount of tax liability you have on that income. However, you still have to report all of the income.\\nIf you have multiple streams of income going, make sure you keep them separate, because they'll need to be reported separately. For example, if you drive for Uber and also deliver food for GrubHub, you would need to keep those incomes separate. Similarly, if you drive for both Uber and Lyft, you still need to keep those incomes separate.\\n1-4. Calculate the fair market value of benefits you receive as compensation.\\nAnything you receive other than money in exchange for your services is considered taxable income. This includes barter, in which you exchange a service for a service from someone else.\\nFor example, if you mow your dentist's yard in exchange for free dental work, the fair market value of that dental work would be considered taxable income.\\nIf your employer offers employees a free gym membership as a fringe benefit or perk, the fair market value of that gym membership is also typically considered income. However, there are exceptions to this. Talk to a tax attorney or accountant.\\n1-5. Include settlement amounts in your income for the year.\\nIf you won a lawsuit or received a settlement, the amount you won is likely part of your gross income. There is an exception if your settlement or award is related to a physical injury you sustained.\\nThis also applies to debt settlements. Generally, if you settle a debt with a credit card company or collections agency, you can expect to pay taxes on the difference between the amount you paid and the total amount you originally owed. If you've recently settled a debt, it's a good idea to talk to an accountant or tax attorney about this.\\n1-6. Leave out inheritances unless you sell inherited property.\\nGenerally, inherited money is not considered income, so you wouldn't have to either report it or pay taxes on it. However, if you inherit property and later sell it, you might owe taxes on any money you made as a result of the sale.\\nTo figure this out, you need to know the fair market value of the property on the date the person you inherited it from died. The executor of that person's estate has this information because they needed it to total the value of the estate. That's the value of the property that you inherited (called your \\\"basis\\\" for tax purposes).\\nIf you sell the property for more than your basis, that amount is taxable income. For example, if you inherit real estate valued at $250,000, then sell it for $500,000, you would have $250,000 in taxable income.\\n2. Taking Allowable Deductions\\n2-1. Claim deductions only if you have receipts.\\nWhile you don't have to submit receipts with your tax return, the IRS expects you to have them if your return is audited. Even if you specifically remember a deductible expense, you can't claim it without proof of it. Some expenses may require more than one document to prove that you had the expense and it's deductible for the reason you claim.\\nFor example, if the receipt doesn't specifically list your purchases, you might need to keep an invoice or order form that does include the specific items.\\nIf you claim a deduction that you don't have receipts for, the best-case scenario if you're audited is that the IRS will disallow the deduction and require you to pay more in taxes. Too many of those, though, and it starts to look like you were evading taxes.\\n2-2. Complete the IRS worksheets for credits and deductions every year.\\nThe IRS offers many credits and deductions that allow anyone to reduce their tax bill. But just because you took the credit last year doesn't mean you're still qualified to take it this year. Do the work every year to make sure you still qualify—even if your situation hasn't changed, the tax law might have.\\nIf you do your taxes using tax preparation software, the program will ask you questions to determine whether you qualify for various credits or deductions. This can help you ensure that you meet the requirements.\\n2-3. Itemize your deductions only in extraordinary circumstances.\\nAs of 2020, the standard deduction provides more benefit to most Americans than itemizing. If you choose to itemize your deductions, your tax return might attract closer scrutiny. To avoid accusations of tax evasion, only itemize if any of the following are true (and you can back your deductions up with thorough documentation):\\nYou had significant uninsured medical and dental expenses, such as an extended hospital stay\\nYou paid interest or taxes on your home that exceed the amount of your standard deduction\\nYou had substantial uninsured losses as the result of a federally declared disaster (usually a severe weather event)\\nYou made extraordinary charitable contributions, such as donating real estate\\n2-4. Use your home office only for business purposes.\\nIf you're a freelancer who works from home, your home office deduction is likely your largest single deduction. It can also be the easiest thing to fudge if you want to lower your tax bill—but doing so likely constitutes tax evasion. To qualify for a home office deduction, use the entire area you claim exclusively for business purposes.\\nFor example, suppose you have your office set up in the guest bedroom of your house. You use the room exclusively for business purposes, except for twice a year when your sister comes to visit and stays in that room. You would need to subtract those 2 periods since the room isn't being used exclusively for business purposes during that time.\\nEven if you only have the space to set up a small corner for your home office, it's still crucial if you want to take advantage of this deduction. Working from your dining room table is only deductible if your dining room table is only ever used for that purpose, and never for family dining, game night, or arts and crafts.\\n2-5. Allocate business and personal use realistically.\\nYou get deductions for a lot of things you use in your business that you wouldn't get a deduction for otherwise. If you have a side-gig, it can be tempting to inflate the percentage of time you use things for business to get a bigger deduction and lower your tax bill. Unfortunately, this is tax evasion.\\nIf you work for a ride-share company and want to deduct costs associated with your car, keep mileage logs for your ride-share gig. Compare the miles you drove ride-share to your total mileage for the year. That percentage is the percentage of vehicle costs you can deduct.\\nFor example, if you drove a total of 80,000 miles over the year, and 35,000 of those miles were ride-share, you could safely deduct up to 44% of your vehicle costs.\\nIf you use the same resources for different side-gigs, you also need to allocate between those. For example, if you drive for both Uber and Lyft, you would need to calculate the number of miles you drove for Uber and the number of miles you drove for Lyft.\\n2-6. Value non-cash donations fairly and honestly.\\nIf you make a cash contribution to a charity, you can claim a deduction on your taxes. The same goes for \\\"in-kind\\\" donations, such as if you donate clothing or canned goods. However, the value of those items is usually less than what you paid for them retail. Typically, you can ask the charity for a receipt and they'll assign a tax-deductible value to your goods for you.\\nFor example, if you donate a bag of clothes, it's typically valued by weight—not by the value of specific items of clothing, even if they all happen to be high-end designer pieces.\\nIf your non-cash donation is legitimately worth more than $500, there's an additional form for you to fill out and submit with your tax return. If it's worth more than $5,000, you have to back up your valuation with a qualified appraisal.\\nA large amount of charitable donations, especially if you don't typically claim significant deductions for charitable contributions, can be a huge red flag to IRS auditors.\\n3. Maintaining Complete Records\\n3-1. Create a single location for maintaining your files.\\nInvest in a filing cabinet or box where you can keep your tax records. Then, you'll need file folders or envelopes to separate the records for each year. If your tax return is relatively simple, you might not need much more than this.\\nFor example, if you don't have any self-employment income and don't claim any deductions, you may not have anything in your file but your W-2 and your tax return. These can be easily kept in a single manila envelope.\\nIf you claim numerous deductions in different categories, you'll typically need a more elaborate filing system to keep everything organized.\\nIf you're keeping digital files, organize them in much the same way you would if you have a paper filing cabinet. Create one folder for tax records, then add a folder within it for each year. Use folders within each year's folder to further organize your files.\\n3-2. Label receipts and documents clearly.\\nRight after you buy something, you likely know exactly what the receipt is for. But will you still remember a year from now, or even 3 years from now? Make notes on your receipts and documents so you'll always know exactly what they are.\\nThermal receipts can fade with time, so make a photocopy of it as soon as possible after the purchase. Staple the original receipt to the photocopy.\\n3-3. Organize your documents into categories.\\nIf you're claiming a lot of deductions, keeping your receipts and documents organized will make your life (or your accountant's life) easier come tax time. Create file folders for all of the following categories in which you anticipate having deductible expenses:\\nPersonal expenses\\nMedical and dental expenses\\nUtility bills\\nMortgage payments and home improvements (if you own your home)\\nBank statements\\nInvestment statements\\nPay stubs and other income records\\nBusiness expenses (by category)\\n3-4. Keep digital and paper records.\\nEven if you still keep paper records, scan all of your documents so you have a digital copy. Digital copies don't degrade the way paper records do, and you'll always have a backup on hand if that receipt fades or that invoice goes missing.\\nIf you're paper-free, make a copy of your tax documentation on a thumb drive and store it in a different location, so if anything happens, you've still got the records you need.\\n3-5. Save your records for at least 7 years.\\nWhile it's true that you can get away with tossing some records after 3 or 4 years, you want to be on the safe side. Keep at least digital copies of all your tax records for at least 7 years from the date of the tax return they apply to.\\nIf the records are related to real estate or physical property, keep them for as long as you own the property.\\nIf you are self-employed, you may have more administrative and tax burden than employees.\\nYou can use accounting software such as Quickbooks to maintain records.\\nSet up a separate business bank account so someone else can help you out with the accounting.\\nTips\\nRound figures, especially for deductions, to the nearest dollar. Too many evenly round numbers, such as $500 and $1,000, may raise suspicions with the IRS that you're fudging those amounts.[25]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nTo make sure you pay as little tax as possible while staying within the bounds of the law, use a qualified tax professional to file your taxes every year.\\nWarnings\\nThis article discusses how to avoid tax evasion in the US. If you live in another country, consult a local tax attorney or an accountant.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"The US tax system requires you, as a taxpayer, to figure out how much money you owe in taxes and then pay that amount—and you want to make sure you pay as little as possible. Tax avoidance is perfectly fine, while tax evasion is illegal and can land you in prison. But what's the difference? Generally, you can do anything and everything within the bounds of the law to lower your tax bill. Not reporting all of your income or trying to hide your income is a huge red flag. So is taking deductions for expenses or losses that you can't back up with evidence. If your tax situation is complex or you're worried that what you're doing looks like evasion, talk to a tax attorney or accountant.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Reporting All Income\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep a log of any cash payments you receive.\", \"描述\": \"Working \\\"under the table\\\" can be helpful because you get paid in cash immediately—but it doesn't mean you don't owe taxes on the money you make. Start a log with the date, amount, and name of the person who paid you that you can use to record all of these payments.\\nThis includes money someone gives you for one-time assistance, such as if a friend pays you to help them move or a neighbor pays you to mow their lawn.\\nIf you work regularly as a babysitter, mowing lawns, or helping people around the house, these cash payments are all taxable income.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Record all of your tips if you work in the service industry.\", \"描述\": \"Tips are the life-blood of many in the service industry, but even cash tips are subject to tax. While it might be common for many people to simply pocket that money, doing so is tax evasion.\\nCredit card tips are included with your regular income, which means your employer withholds taxes. However, if your employer doesn't require you to report cash tips to them, that could mean you end up owing. Get ahead of the game by putting aside $3 for every $10 you make in tips. That way, you won't face an unpleasant surprise in April.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Record income from side-gigs.\", \"描述\": \"Whether you sell cosmetics, ride-share, or deliver food, all of your income from side-gigs is taxable—regardless of whether the company submits a 1099 form reporting it. Keep track of every dollar, even if you only keep the side-gig temporarily.\\nIf you have a side-gig like this, you're considered self-employed—even if you work a full-time job. This means you can deduct any expenses you incurred for your side gig and reduce the amount of tax liability you have on that income. However, you still have to report all of the income.\\nIf you have multiple streams of income going, make sure you keep them separate, because they'll need to be reported separately. For example, if you drive for Uber and also deliver food for GrubHub, you would need to keep those incomes separate. Similarly, if you drive for both Uber and Lyft, you still need to keep those incomes separate.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Calculate the fair market value of benefits you receive as compensation.\", \"描述\": \"Anything you receive other than money in exchange for your services is considered taxable income. This includes barter, in which you exchange a service for a service from someone else.\\nFor example, if you mow your dentist's yard in exchange for free dental work, the fair market value of that dental work would be considered taxable income.\\nIf your employer offers employees a free gym membership as a fringe benefit or perk, the fair market value of that gym membership is also typically considered income. However, there are exceptions to this. Talk to a tax attorney or accountant.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Include settlement amounts in your income for the year.\", \"描述\": \"If you won a lawsuit or received a settlement, the amount you won is likely part of your gross income. There is an exception if your settlement or award is related to a physical injury you sustained.\\nThis also applies to debt settlements. Generally, if you settle a debt with a credit card company or collections agency, you can expect to pay taxes on the difference between the amount you paid and the total amount you originally owed. If you've recently settled a debt, it's a good idea to talk to an accountant or tax attorney about this.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Leave out inheritances unless you sell inherited property.\", \"描述\": \"Generally, inherited money is not considered income, so you wouldn't have to either report it or pay taxes on it. However, if you inherit property and later sell it, you might owe taxes on any money you made as a result of the sale.\\nTo figure this out, you need to know the fair market value of the property on the date the person you inherited it from died. The executor of that person's estate has this information because they needed it to total the value of the estate. That's the value of the property that you inherited (called your \\\"basis\\\" for tax purposes).\\nIf you sell the property for more than your basis, that amount is taxable income. For example, if you inherit real estate valued at $250,000, then sell it for $500,000, you would have $250,000 in taxable income.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Taking Allowable Deductions\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Claim deductions only if you have receipts.\", \"描述\": \"While you don't have to submit receipts with your tax return, the IRS expects you to have them if your return is audited. Even if you specifically remember a deductible expense, you can't claim it without proof of it. Some expenses may require more than one document to prove that you had the expense and it's deductible for the reason you claim.\\nFor example, if the receipt doesn't specifically list your purchases, you might need to keep an invoice or order form that does include the specific items.\\nIf you claim a deduction that you don't have receipts for, the best-case scenario if you're audited is that the IRS will disallow the deduction and require you to pay more in taxes. Too many of those, though, and it starts to look like you were evading taxes.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Complete the IRS worksheets for credits and deductions every year.\", \"描述\": \"The IRS offers many credits and deductions that allow anyone to reduce their tax bill. But just because you took the credit last year doesn't mean you're still qualified to take it this year. Do the work every year to make sure you still qualify—even if your situation hasn't changed, the tax law might have.\\nIf you do your taxes using tax preparation software, the program will ask you questions to determine whether you qualify for various credits or deductions. This can help you ensure that you meet the requirements.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Itemize your deductions only in extraordinary circumstances.\", \"描述\": \"As of 2020, the standard deduction provides more benefit to most Americans than itemizing. If you choose to itemize your deductions, your tax return might attract closer scrutiny. To avoid accusations of tax evasion, only itemize if any of the following are true (and you can back your deductions up with thorough documentation):\\nYou had significant uninsured medical and dental expenses, such as an extended hospital stay\\nYou paid interest or taxes on your home that exceed the amount of your standard deduction\\nYou had substantial uninsured losses as the result of a federally declared disaster (usually a severe weather event)\\nYou made extraordinary charitable contributions, such as donating real estate\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use your home office only for business purposes.\", \"描述\": \"If you're a freelancer who works from home, your home office deduction is likely your largest single deduction. It can also be the easiest thing to fudge if you want to lower your tax bill—but doing so likely constitutes tax evasion. To qualify for a home office deduction, use the entire area you claim exclusively for business purposes.\\nFor example, suppose you have your office set up in the guest bedroom of your house. You use the room exclusively for business purposes, except for twice a year when your sister comes to visit and stays in that room. You would need to subtract those 2 periods since the room isn't being used exclusively for business purposes during that time.\\nEven if you only have the space to set up a small corner for your home office, it's still crucial if you want to take advantage of this deduction. Working from your dining room table is only deductible if your dining room table is only ever used for that purpose, and never for family dining, game night, or arts and crafts.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Allocate business and personal use realistically.\", \"描述\": \"You get deductions for a lot of things you use in your business that you wouldn't get a deduction for otherwise. If you have a side-gig, it can be tempting to inflate the percentage of time you use things for business to get a bigger deduction and lower your tax bill. Unfortunately, this is tax evasion.\\nIf you work for a ride-share company and want to deduct costs associated with your car, keep mileage logs for your ride-share gig. Compare the miles you drove ride-share to your total mileage for the year. That percentage is the percentage of vehicle costs you can deduct.\\nFor example, if you drove a total of 80,000 miles over the year, and 35,000 of those miles were ride-share, you could safely deduct up to 44% of your vehicle costs.\\nIf you use the same resources for different side-gigs, you also need to allocate between those. For example, if you drive for both Uber and Lyft, you would need to calculate the number of miles you drove for Uber and the number of miles you drove for Lyft.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Value non-cash donations fairly and honestly.\", \"描述\": \"If you make a cash contribution to a charity, you can claim a deduction on your taxes. The same goes for \\\"in-kind\\\" donations, such as if you donate clothing or canned goods. However, the value of those items is usually less than what you paid for them retail. Typically, you can ask the charity for a receipt and they'll assign a tax-deductible value to your goods for you.\\nFor example, if you donate a bag of clothes, it's typically valued by weight—not by the value of specific items of clothing, even if they all happen to be high-end designer pieces.\\nIf your non-cash donation is legitimately worth more than $500, there's an additional form for you to fill out and submit with your tax return. If it's worth more than $5,000, you have to back up your valuation with a qualified appraisal.\\nA large amount of charitable donations, especially if you don't typically claim significant deductions for charitable contributions, can be a huge red flag to IRS auditors.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Maintaining Complete Records\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Create a single location for maintaining your files.\", \"描述\": \"Invest in a filing cabinet or box where you can keep your tax records. Then, you'll need file folders or envelopes to separate the records for each year. If your tax return is relatively simple, you might not need much more than this.\\nFor example, if you don't have any self-employment income and don't claim any deductions, you may not have anything in your file but your W-2 and your tax return. These can be easily kept in a single manila envelope.\\nIf you claim numerous deductions in different categories, you'll typically need a more elaborate filing system to keep everything organized.\\nIf you're keeping digital files, organize them in much the same way you would if you have a paper filing cabinet. Create one folder for tax records, then add a folder within it for each year. Use folders within each year's folder to further organize your files.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Label receipts and documents clearly.\", \"描述\": \"Right after you buy something, you likely know exactly what the receipt is for. But will you still remember a year from now, or even 3 years from now? Make notes on your receipts and documents so you'll always know exactly what they are.\\nThermal receipts can fade with time, so make a photocopy of it as soon as possible after the purchase. Staple the original receipt to the photocopy.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Organize your documents into categories.\", \"描述\": \"If you're claiming a lot of deductions, keeping your receipts and documents organized will make your life (or your accountant's life) easier come tax time. Create file folders for all of the following categories in which you anticipate having deductible expenses:\\nPersonal expenses\\nMedical and dental expenses\\nUtility bills\\nMortgage payments and home improvements (if you own your home)\\nBank statements\\nInvestment statements\\nPay stubs and other income records\\nBusiness expenses (by category)\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Keep digital and paper records.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you still keep paper records, scan all of your documents so you have a digital copy. Digital copies don't degrade the way paper records do, and you'll always have a backup on hand if that receipt fades or that invoice goes missing.\\nIf you're paper-free, make a copy of your tax documentation on a thumb drive and store it in a different location, so if anything happens, you've still got the records you need.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Save your records for at least 7 years.\", \"描述\": \"While it's true that you can get away with tossing some records after 3 or 4 years, you want to be on the safe side. Keep at least digital copies of all your tax records for at least 7 years from the date of the tax return they apply to.\\nIf the records are related to real estate or physical property, keep them for as long as you own the property.\\nIf you are self-employed, you may have more administrative and tax burden than employees.\\nYou can use accounting software such as Quickbooks to maintain records.\\nSet up a separate business bank account so someone else can help you out with the accounting.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Round figures, especially for deductions, to the nearest dollar. Too many evenly round numbers, such as $500 and $1,000, may raise suspicions with the IRS that you're fudging those amounts.[25]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"To make sure you pay as little tax as possible while staying within the bounds of the law, use a qualified tax professional to file your taxes every year.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"This article discusses how to avoid tax evasion in the US. If you live in another country, consult a local tax attorney or an accountant.\\n\"]}]}}",
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} | wikihow |
3,218 | How to Avoid Temptation to Sin | 1. Making a Plan to Avoid Temptation
1-1. Identify your temptations and the personal flaws that create them.
Everyone has their own temptations. Then, pin down the personality traits that lead you to temptation - maybe you're insecure or you're never satisfied with yourself. Perhaps you prioritize pleasure over responsibility. No two people are exactly alike. Your temptations might resemble those of your friends, family, or other associates, but there's also a chance that they're unique to you. A priest, counselor, or other trusted person can help you discover your unique temptations and the flaws from which these temptations developed.
According to Christianity, though Jesus never sinned, even he was tempted to. (Hebrews 4:15) Spend a few moments self-reflecting to identify your personal temptations.
If you're having a hard time defining exactly what your temptations are, begin by pinpointing the things in your life that make you sad, then try to find a thought process or habit you possess that leads to these things. For instance, let's say you're in a committed relationship with a woman you love but you frequently feel intense guilt because you flirt with other women. Search your heart. Ask yourself, "what do I think or do that makes me want to act like this?" After some reflection, you may find, for instance, that you're worried about whether you're still attractive. The source of your temptation in this case is your sense of insecurity.
1-2. Set reasonable goals for fighting temptation.
Your aim when fighting temptation should take into account the fact that, as a human being, you're incapable of perfection. Don't set an un-achievable goal like "I will never sin again." If you do, you're setting yourself up for disappointment. Realize that you will inevitably sin again (and again and again). Set a realistic goal that takes this into account.
For instance, if you've been neglecting your child's vocal recitals in favor of nights spent at home watching TV, you might set a goal of never missing another vocal recital (except for emergencies) and of reducing your time spent watching TV every week by four hours. This goal is well within your grasp.
For a few very serious sins, it is absolutely necessary to set a zero-tolerance goal - for instance, you should obviously never commit murder or marital infidelity. These sins can cause irreparable damage to others' lives.
1-3. Take responsibility for yourself.
You were blessed with free will for a reason. Don't waste your opportunity to act decisively against your personal temptation by giving into the separate temptation of inaction! Stand up and take action Make it your goal going forward to not give in to your temptation. The hardest part of overcoming your temptation can be getting started. Don't sabotage your journey before it's begun by telling yourself you can't do it.
According to Christianity, when Jesus died, he gave us authority over the forces of evil. (Mark 16:17) Never fear or run from the forces of evil in your own life. With hard work and sincere faith, nothing is beyond your grasp.
1-4. Turn your back on past sins.
The one thing you can't change about yourself is your past. Don't let yourself be overcome by regret for sins that happened in the past. The only right path is forward, towards righteousness. If your past is marked by sin, acknowledge your mistakes without excessive guilt. Build upon your past mistakes. Strive never to make your old mistakes again. Even if you relapse, you'll have made progress away from your sinful past.
If you haven't already, sincerely ask God for forgiveness. God is infinite in his capacity to forgive. In his eyes, once you are forgiven, it's as if you had never committed sin in the first place:
Islam: "Whoever commits evil or wrongs themselves then seeks Allah’s forgiveness will certainly find Allah All-Forgiving, Most Merciful." (Qur'an 4:110)
Islam: "Abu Qatadah reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, 'Verily, you will never leave anything for the sake of Allah Almighty but that Allah will replace it with something better.'" (Musnad Aḥmad 22565, Grade: Sahih)
"And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more." (Hebrews 10:17)
2. Fighting Temptation Through Positive Behavior
2-1. Avoid situations and people that lead to sin.
Certain people, places, and situations make sinning easy. Certain sins are impossible without the right equipment, setting, or people. Make sure that you stay far away from the things that lead you to sin. If you have a drug addiction, stay out of the parts of town where these things are sold. If you're frequently persuaded by certain friends to commit acts of vandalism, don't hang out with these friends. By distancing yourself from the people and things associated with your sin, you're eliminating opportunities for sin and giving yourself less chances to fail.
Generally, it's a good idea to help other people work through their own sins. However, if you're struggling with the pull of your own temptations, sinful people can make it difficult to escape. Wait until you have your temptations under control before returning to help these people with their own sins.
Eliminate the sources of temptation from your home. For instance, throw out a pornography collection.
You may, in some cases, need to eliminate distractions from your own home. For instance, kick out a roommate who frequently convinces you to neglect your responsibilities.
2-2. Get help.
You don't need to fight your temptations alone. There is no shame in asking for help from God or from another person. If you're having difficulty avoiding your temptations, don't hesitate to turn to a priest, imam/sheikh/scholar, clergyman, pastor, counselor, or trusted friend. Accepting help is a strong, sensible thing to do and part of these peoples' purpose is to help you when you're experiencing difficulty.
Certain temptations (like, for instance, the temptation to look at pornography) aren't necessarily seen as sinful by mainstream society, although they are. If you're looking for help with such a temptation, it might make more sense to consult a priest, rabbi, imam, etc. rather than a secular helper.
2-3. Occupy yourself.
There's truth to the old saying "Idle hands are the devil's playthings." If you keep yourself busy with good, virtuous work or an assortment of hobbies, you'll have less time to yourself and thus less time where you might feel the temptation to sin out of boredom. Devote yourself to your job or your studies by taking extra hours or signing up to be a tutor, for instance. Spend time learning an instrument or a new language. If you have lots of free time, do anything you can to fill your time with activities that can help you grow closer to God, or that make you a healthier, richer, or better person.
If you're struggling to think of things that you can do to occupy your time, a good place to start is at a local homeless shelter, crisis center, or community outreach center. Talk to the management - there's a good chance they can make use of your unique talents to help the unfortunate in your community.
2-4. Be persistent.
Temptation, unfortunately, doesn't just go away when you choose to resist it. Temptation persists. Sometimes the conscious decision to fight a temptation will even make the temptation temporarily stronger. If you decide to resist your temptation to gorge on chocolate, for instance, you may start getting cravings after a day or two without it. It takes time for temptations to fade - some never do. This doesn't mean that you're better off giving up! Fight your temptations tooth and nail. Don't quit, even if you suffer setbacks or relapses. The more persistently you fight, the better chance you'll have of beating your temptation.
Never reward yourself with sinful "allowances" or "breaks." Resist the slippery slope of instant gratification. This instant gratification can act deceitfully, causing you to feel that it's not wrong, although it is in God's eyes.
Treat your temptations like bad habits that you must break. Work towards forming new good habits to replace your old ones by repeating good, virtuous behavior over and over again.
3. Staying Faithful in the Face of Temptation
3-1. Accept that temptation is inevitable.
Know that, no matter how hard you strive, it's impossible to live a life without temptations. We will always, at certain points, feel a temptation to sin - whether it's as innocuous as the urge to lie about our reason for being late to a meeting or as serious as the urge to strike someone who's insulted you. It's also inevitable that we will give in to this urge at some point. However, it's possible, through our efforts, to reduce the hold that temptation has over us. The fight against temptation is like waging a lifelong war - be prepared to celebrate your victories and to learn from your defeats.
3-2. Don't be discouraged by your own imperfection.
Never fall prey to self-hate. You are not loathsome or pathetic because you feel temptation. God always forgives. Don't get caught up in punishing yourself, even if you find yourself falling prey to temptation again and again. Use your time more intelligently by sincerely asking for God's forgiveness and working to move past your sins.
"Say, 'O My servants who have transgressed against themselves [by sinning], do not despair of the mercy of Allah . Indeed, Allah forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.'" (Qur'an 39:53)
3-3. Study the word.
Scripture is full of stories, teachings, and proverbs we can draw upon when we're trying to avoid our sinful temptations. The nature of sin and temptation is a frequent topic of discussion throughout the bible - simply turn to a passage like Romans 7:18 for an illuminating perspective on the difficulty of struggling against temptation: "For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not."
Many of the most revered figures in the Bible had intense struggles with temptation (often marked with failure). Adam and Eve committed the first sin by giving in to the temptation of eating the forbidden fruit. King David, one of the most important figures in biblical history, had one of his soldiers killed so that he could give in to temptation and steal his wife! Reading the bible can help us understand how such great people struggled—and overcame—their temptation.
3-4. Remember to trust God even when being tempted.
Working through a particularly nasty temptation is hard work. It's easy to lose hope and even to start to believe that God has abandoned us. Nothing could be further from the truth. Thoughts like "Life is hard, so God must hate me" aren't just wrong, they're harmful. When you're struggling with temptation, God is pulling for you more than ever. God wants to see you succeed. He wants nothing more than for you to overcome your temptation. So, if God tests you, don't lose your trust in him. Instead, rise to his challenge.
3-5. Follow the example set by the prophets.
They lived a life of purity and perfection. He devoted his life to helping others. He practiced nonviolence, though he was willing to endure it. He suffered temptations, but he resisted them every time. Strive towards it - ordinary humans can't achieve it, but they can better themselves by trying.
The Qur'an praises Muhammad: "And indeed, you are of a great moral character." (Qur'an 68:4)
Christians believe that, through his mortal sacrifice, we are cleaned of all sins: (1 John 1:7) "But if we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleans if us from all sin." If you're interested in Christ's salvation, contact a priest, minister, or other clergyman in your area.
Tips
Always have faith and be persistent in loving and forgiving people.
When you fail and give in to temptation, be sure to pray. Pray for forgiveness, get back on your feet and continue your life with Jesus. When God forgives you, he completely forgets that you ever sinned.
Pray before making your decision.
Warnings
Don't dwell on past mistakes. Dwelling on old sins which God has forgiven will only make Satan's influence over you stronger. Be forgiven and move on. And remember in Proverbs second chapter, it is said that the one who confesses his sin to GOD will have mercy and the one who does not will see death.
We should be confident in God's Word. 1 Corinthians 10:13 says God will not allow you to be tempted above what you're able to overcome. Though you may indeed fail, know that victory is always possible.
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"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Making a Plan to Avoid Temptation\\n1-1. Identify your temptations and the personal flaws that create them.\\nEveryone has their own temptations. Then, pin down the personality traits that lead you to temptation - maybe you're insecure or you're never satisfied with yourself. Perhaps you prioritize pleasure over responsibility. No two people are exactly alike. Your temptations might resemble those of your friends, family, or other associates, but there's also a chance that they're unique to you. A priest, counselor, or other trusted person can help you discover your unique temptations and the flaws from which these temptations developed.\\nAccording to Christianity, though Jesus never sinned, even he was tempted to. (Hebrews 4:15) Spend a few moments self-reflecting to identify your personal temptations.\\nIf you're having a hard time defining exactly what your temptations are, begin by pinpointing the things in your life that make you sad, then try to find a thought process or habit you possess that leads to these things. For instance, let's say you're in a committed relationship with a woman you love but you frequently feel intense guilt because you flirt with other women. Search your heart. Ask yourself, \\\"what do I think or do that makes me want to act like this?\\\" After some reflection, you may find, for instance, that you're worried about whether you're still attractive. The source of your temptation in this case is your sense of insecurity.\\n1-2. Set reasonable goals for fighting temptation.\\nYour aim when fighting temptation should take into account the fact that, as a human being, you're incapable of perfection. Don't set an un-achievable goal like \\\"I will never sin again.\\\" If you do, you're setting yourself up for disappointment. Realize that you will inevitably sin again (and again and again). Set a realistic goal that takes this into account. \\nFor instance, if you've been neglecting your child's vocal recitals in favor of nights spent at home watching TV, you might set a goal of never missing another vocal recital (except for emergencies) and of reducing your time spent watching TV every week by four hours. This goal is well within your grasp.\\nFor a few very serious sins, it is absolutely necessary to set a zero-tolerance goal - for instance, you should obviously never commit murder or marital infidelity. These sins can cause irreparable damage to others' lives.\\n1-3. Take responsibility for yourself.\\nYou were blessed with free will for a reason. Don't waste your opportunity to act decisively against your personal temptation by giving into the separate temptation of inaction! Stand up and take action Make it your goal going forward to not give in to your temptation. The hardest part of overcoming your temptation can be getting started. Don't sabotage your journey before it's begun by telling yourself you can't do it. \\nAccording to Christianity, when Jesus died, he gave us authority over the forces of evil. (Mark 16:17) Never fear or run from the forces of evil in your own life. With hard work and sincere faith, nothing is beyond your grasp.\\n1-4. Turn your back on past sins.\\nThe one thing you can't change about yourself is your past. Don't let yourself be overcome by regret for sins that happened in the past. The only right path is forward, towards righteousness. If your past is marked by sin, acknowledge your mistakes without excessive guilt. Build upon your past mistakes. Strive never to make your old mistakes again. Even if you relapse, you'll have made progress away from your sinful past.\\nIf you haven't already, sincerely ask God for forgiveness. God is infinite in his capacity to forgive. In his eyes, once you are forgiven, it's as if you had never committed sin in the first place:\\nIslam: \\\"Whoever commits evil or wrongs themselves then seeks Allah’s forgiveness will certainly find Allah All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.\\\" (Qur'an 4:110)\\nIslam: \\\"Abu Qatadah reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, 'Verily, you will never leave anything for the sake of Allah Almighty but that Allah will replace it with something better.'\\\" (Musnad Aḥmad 22565, Grade: Sahih)\\n\\\"And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more.\\\" (Hebrews 10:17)\\n2. Fighting Temptation Through Positive Behavior\\n2-1. Avoid situations and people that lead to sin.\\nCertain people, places, and situations make sinning easy. Certain sins are impossible without the right equipment, setting, or people. Make sure that you stay far away from the things that lead you to sin. If you have a drug addiction, stay out of the parts of town where these things are sold. If you're frequently persuaded by certain friends to commit acts of vandalism, don't hang out with these friends. By distancing yourself from the people and things associated with your sin, you're eliminating opportunities for sin and giving yourself less chances to fail.\\nGenerally, it's a good idea to help other people work through their own sins. However, if you're struggling with the pull of your own temptations, sinful people can make it difficult to escape. Wait until you have your temptations under control before returning to help these people with their own sins.\\nEliminate the sources of temptation from your home. For instance, throw out a pornography collection.\\nYou may, in some cases, need to eliminate distractions from your own home. For instance, kick out a roommate who frequently convinces you to neglect your responsibilities.\\n2-2. Get help.\\nYou don't need to fight your temptations alone. There is no shame in asking for help from God or from another person. If you're having difficulty avoiding your temptations, don't hesitate to turn to a priest, imam/sheikh/scholar, clergyman, pastor, counselor, or trusted friend. Accepting help is a strong, sensible thing to do and part of these peoples' purpose is to help you when you're experiencing difficulty.\\nCertain temptations (like, for instance, the temptation to look at pornography) aren't necessarily seen as sinful by mainstream society, although they are. If you're looking for help with such a temptation, it might make more sense to consult a priest, rabbi, imam, etc. rather than a secular helper.\\n2-3. Occupy yourself.\\nThere's truth to the old saying \\\"Idle hands are the devil's playthings.\\\" If you keep yourself busy with good, virtuous work or an assortment of hobbies, you'll have less time to yourself and thus less time where you might feel the temptation to sin out of boredom. Devote yourself to your job or your studies by taking extra hours or signing up to be a tutor, for instance. Spend time learning an instrument or a new language. If you have lots of free time, do anything you can to fill your time with activities that can help you grow closer to God, or that make you a healthier, richer, or better person.\\nIf you're struggling to think of things that you can do to occupy your time, a good place to start is at a local homeless shelter, crisis center, or community outreach center. Talk to the management - there's a good chance they can make use of your unique talents to help the unfortunate in your community.\\n2-4. Be persistent.\\nTemptation, unfortunately, doesn't just go away when you choose to resist it. Temptation persists. Sometimes the conscious decision to fight a temptation will even make the temptation temporarily stronger. If you decide to resist your temptation to gorge on chocolate, for instance, you may start getting cravings after a day or two without it. It takes time for temptations to fade - some never do. This doesn't mean that you're better off giving up! Fight your temptations tooth and nail. Don't quit, even if you suffer setbacks or relapses. The more persistently you fight, the better chance you'll have of beating your temptation.\\nNever reward yourself with sinful \\\"allowances\\\" or \\\"breaks.\\\" Resist the slippery slope of instant gratification. This instant gratification can act deceitfully, causing you to feel that it's not wrong, although it is in God's eyes.\\nTreat your temptations like bad habits that you must break. Work towards forming new good habits to replace your old ones by repeating good, virtuous behavior over and over again.\\n3. Staying Faithful in the Face of Temptation\\n3-1. Accept that temptation is inevitable.\\nKnow that, no matter how hard you strive, it's impossible to live a life without temptations. We will always, at certain points, feel a temptation to sin - whether it's as innocuous as the urge to lie about our reason for being late to a meeting or as serious as the urge to strike someone who's insulted you. It's also inevitable that we will give in to this urge at some point. However, it's possible, through our efforts, to reduce the hold that temptation has over us. The fight against temptation is like waging a lifelong war - be prepared to celebrate your victories and to learn from your defeats.\\n3-2. Don't be discouraged by your own imperfection.\\nNever fall prey to self-hate. You are not loathsome or pathetic because you feel temptation. God always forgives. Don't get caught up in punishing yourself, even if you find yourself falling prey to temptation again and again. Use your time more intelligently by sincerely asking for God's forgiveness and working to move past your sins.\\n\\\"Say, 'O My servants who have transgressed against themselves [by sinning], do not despair of the mercy of Allah . Indeed, Allah forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.'\\\" (Qur'an 39:53)\\n3-3. Study the word.\\nScripture is full of stories, teachings, and proverbs we can draw upon when we're trying to avoid our sinful temptations. The nature of sin and temptation is a frequent topic of discussion throughout the bible - simply turn to a passage like Romans 7:18 for an illuminating perspective on the difficulty of struggling against temptation: \\\"For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not.\\\"\\nMany of the most revered figures in the Bible had intense struggles with temptation (often marked with failure). Adam and Eve committed the first sin by giving in to the temptation of eating the forbidden fruit. King David, one of the most important figures in biblical history, had one of his soldiers killed so that he could give in to temptation and steal his wife! Reading the bible can help us understand how such great people struggled—and overcame—their temptation.\\n3-4. Remember to trust God even when being tempted.\\nWorking through a particularly nasty temptation is hard work. It's easy to lose hope and even to start to believe that God has abandoned us. Nothing could be further from the truth. Thoughts like \\\"Life is hard, so God must hate me\\\" aren't just wrong, they're harmful. When you're struggling with temptation, God is pulling for you more than ever. God wants to see you succeed. He wants nothing more than for you to overcome your temptation. So, if God tests you, don't lose your trust in him. Instead, rise to his challenge.\\n3-5. Follow the example set by the prophets.\\nThey lived a life of purity and perfection. He devoted his life to helping others. He practiced nonviolence, though he was willing to endure it. He suffered temptations, but he resisted them every time. Strive towards it - ordinary humans can't achieve it, but they can better themselves by trying.\\nThe Qur'an praises Muhammad: \\\"And indeed, you are of a great moral character.\\\" (Qur'an 68:4)\\nChristians believe that, through his mortal sacrifice, we are cleaned of all sins: (1 John 1:7) \\\"But if we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleans if us from all sin.\\\" If you're interested in Christ's salvation, contact a priest, minister, or other clergyman in your area.\\nTips\\nAlways have faith and be persistent in loving and forgiving people.\\nWhen you fail and give in to temptation, be sure to pray. Pray for forgiveness, get back on your feet and continue your life with Jesus. When God forgives you, he completely forgets that you ever sinned.\\nPray before making your decision.\\nWarnings\\nDon't dwell on past mistakes. Dwelling on old sins which God has forgiven will only make Satan's influence over you stronger. Be forgiven and move on. And remember in Proverbs second chapter, it is said that the one who confesses his sin to GOD will have mercy and the one who does not will see death.\\nWe should be confident in God's Word. 1 Corinthians 10:13 says God will not allow you to be tempted above what you're able to overcome. Though you may indeed fail, know that victory is always possible.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Human beings are naturally inclined towards sin. Everyone feels the urge to sin at some point because sinning gives us tangible yet fleeting benefits at the cost of moral and spiritual ones. Temptation is the urge to sin. We're judged by the degree to which we thwart our temptations. In this guide, you'll learn strategies for avoiding temptation and for combating it when it does find you.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Making a Plan to Avoid Temptation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Identify your temptations and the personal flaws that create them.\", \"描述\": \"Everyone has their own temptations. Then, pin down the personality traits that lead you to temptation - maybe you're insecure or you're never satisfied with yourself. Perhaps you prioritize pleasure over responsibility. No two people are exactly alike. Your temptations might resemble those of your friends, family, or other associates, but there's also a chance that they're unique to you. A priest, counselor, or other trusted person can help you discover your unique temptations and the flaws from which these temptations developed.\\nAccording to Christianity, though Jesus never sinned, even he was tempted to. (Hebrews 4:15) Spend a few moments self-reflecting to identify your personal temptations.\\nIf you're having a hard time defining exactly what your temptations are, begin by pinpointing the things in your life that make you sad, then try to find a thought process or habit you possess that leads to these things. For instance, let's say you're in a committed relationship with a woman you love but you frequently feel intense guilt because you flirt with other women. Search your heart. Ask yourself, \\\"what do I think or do that makes me want to act like this?\\\" After some reflection, you may find, for instance, that you're worried about whether you're still attractive. The source of your temptation in this case is your sense of insecurity.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set reasonable goals for fighting temptation.\", \"描述\": \"Your aim when fighting temptation should take into account the fact that, as a human being, you're incapable of perfection. Don't set an un-achievable goal like \\\"I will never sin again.\\\" If you do, you're setting yourself up for disappointment. Realize that you will inevitably sin again (and again and again). Set a realistic goal that takes this into account. \\nFor instance, if you've been neglecting your child's vocal recitals in favor of nights spent at home watching TV, you might set a goal of never missing another vocal recital (except for emergencies) and of reducing your time spent watching TV every week by four hours. This goal is well within your grasp.\\nFor a few very serious sins, it is absolutely necessary to set a zero-tolerance goal - for instance, you should obviously never commit murder or marital infidelity. These sins can cause irreparable damage to others' lives.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take responsibility for yourself.\", \"描述\": \"You were blessed with free will for a reason. Don't waste your opportunity to act decisively against your personal temptation by giving into the separate temptation of inaction! Stand up and take action Make it your goal going forward to not give in to your temptation. The hardest part of overcoming your temptation can be getting started. Don't sabotage your journey before it's begun by telling yourself you can't do it. \\nAccording to Christianity, when Jesus died, he gave us authority over the forces of evil. (Mark 16:17) Never fear or run from the forces of evil in your own life. With hard work and sincere faith, nothing is beyond your grasp.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn your back on past sins.\", \"描述\": \"The one thing you can't change about yourself is your past. Don't let yourself be overcome by regret for sins that happened in the past. The only right path is forward, towards righteousness. If your past is marked by sin, acknowledge your mistakes without excessive guilt. Build upon your past mistakes. Strive never to make your old mistakes again. Even if you relapse, you'll have made progress away from your sinful past.\\nIf you haven't already, sincerely ask God for forgiveness. God is infinite in his capacity to forgive. In his eyes, once you are forgiven, it's as if you had never committed sin in the first place:\\nIslam: \\\"Whoever commits evil or wrongs themselves then seeks Allah’s forgiveness will certainly find Allah All-Forgiving, Most Merciful.\\\" (Qur'an 4:110)\\nIslam: \\\"Abu Qatadah reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, 'Verily, you will never leave anything for the sake of Allah Almighty but that Allah will replace it with something better.'\\\" (Musnad Aḥmad 22565, Grade: Sahih)\\n\\\"And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more.\\\" (Hebrews 10:17)\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fighting Temptation Through Positive Behavior\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid situations and people that lead to sin.\", \"描述\": \"Certain people, places, and situations make sinning easy. Certain sins are impossible without the right equipment, setting, or people. Make sure that you stay far away from the things that lead you to sin. If you have a drug addiction, stay out of the parts of town where these things are sold. If you're frequently persuaded by certain friends to commit acts of vandalism, don't hang out with these friends. By distancing yourself from the people and things associated with your sin, you're eliminating opportunities for sin and giving yourself less chances to fail.\\nGenerally, it's a good idea to help other people work through their own sins. However, if you're struggling with the pull of your own temptations, sinful people can make it difficult to escape. Wait until you have your temptations under control before returning to help these people with their own sins.\\nEliminate the sources of temptation from your home. For instance, throw out a pornography collection.\\nYou may, in some cases, need to eliminate distractions from your own home. For instance, kick out a roommate who frequently convinces you to neglect your responsibilities.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get help.\", \"描述\": \"You don't need to fight your temptations alone. There is no shame in asking for help from God or from another person. If you're having difficulty avoiding your temptations, don't hesitate to turn to a priest, imam/sheikh/scholar, clergyman, pastor, counselor, or trusted friend. Accepting help is a strong, sensible thing to do and part of these peoples' purpose is to help you when you're experiencing difficulty.\\nCertain temptations (like, for instance, the temptation to look at pornography) aren't necessarily seen as sinful by mainstream society, although they are. If you're looking for help with such a temptation, it might make more sense to consult a priest, rabbi, imam, etc. rather than a secular helper.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Occupy yourself.\", \"描述\": \"There's truth to the old saying \\\"Idle hands are the devil's playthings.\\\" If you keep yourself busy with good, virtuous work or an assortment of hobbies, you'll have less time to yourself and thus less time where you might feel the temptation to sin out of boredom. Devote yourself to your job or your studies by taking extra hours or signing up to be a tutor, for instance. Spend time learning an instrument or a new language. If you have lots of free time, do anything you can to fill your time with activities that can help you grow closer to God, or that make you a healthier, richer, or better person.\\nIf you're struggling to think of things that you can do to occupy your time, a good place to start is at a local homeless shelter, crisis center, or community outreach center. Talk to the management - there's a good chance they can make use of your unique talents to help the unfortunate in your community.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be persistent.\", \"描述\": \"Temptation, unfortunately, doesn't just go away when you choose to resist it. Temptation persists. Sometimes the conscious decision to fight a temptation will even make the temptation temporarily stronger. If you decide to resist your temptation to gorge on chocolate, for instance, you may start getting cravings after a day or two without it. It takes time for temptations to fade - some never do. This doesn't mean that you're better off giving up! Fight your temptations tooth and nail. Don't quit, even if you suffer setbacks or relapses. The more persistently you fight, the better chance you'll have of beating your temptation.\\nNever reward yourself with sinful \\\"allowances\\\" or \\\"breaks.\\\" Resist the slippery slope of instant gratification. This instant gratification can act deceitfully, causing you to feel that it's not wrong, although it is in God's eyes.\\nTreat your temptations like bad habits that you must break. Work towards forming new good habits to replace your old ones by repeating good, virtuous behavior over and over again.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Staying Faithful in the Face of Temptation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Accept that temptation is inevitable.\", \"描述\": \"Know that, no matter how hard you strive, it's impossible to live a life without temptations. We will always, at certain points, feel a temptation to sin - whether it's as innocuous as the urge to lie about our reason for being late to a meeting or as serious as the urge to strike someone who's insulted you. It's also inevitable that we will give in to this urge at some point. However, it's possible, through our efforts, to reduce the hold that temptation has over us. The fight against temptation is like waging a lifelong war - be prepared to celebrate your victories and to learn from your defeats.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don't be discouraged by your own imperfection.\", \"描述\": \"Never fall prey to self-hate. You are not loathsome or pathetic because you feel temptation. God always forgives. Don't get caught up in punishing yourself, even if you find yourself falling prey to temptation again and again. Use your time more intelligently by sincerely asking for God's forgiveness and working to move past your sins.\\n\\\"Say, 'O My servants who have transgressed against themselves [by sinning], do not despair of the mercy of Allah . Indeed, Allah forgives all sins. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful.'\\\" (Qur'an 39:53)\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Study the word.\", \"描述\": \"Scripture is full of stories, teachings, and proverbs we can draw upon when we're trying to avoid our sinful temptations. The nature of sin and temptation is a frequent topic of discussion throughout the bible - simply turn to a passage like Romans 7:18 for an illuminating perspective on the difficulty of struggling against temptation: \\\"For I know that in me (that is, in my flesh,) dwelleth no good thing: for to will is present with me; but how to perform that which is good I find not.\\\"\\nMany of the most revered figures in the Bible had intense struggles with temptation (often marked with failure). Adam and Eve committed the first sin by giving in to the temptation of eating the forbidden fruit. King David, one of the most important figures in biblical history, had one of his soldiers killed so that he could give in to temptation and steal his wife! Reading the bible can help us understand how such great people struggled—and overcame—their temptation.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Remember to trust God even when being tempted.\", \"描述\": \"Working through a particularly nasty temptation is hard work. It's easy to lose hope and even to start to believe that God has abandoned us. Nothing could be further from the truth. Thoughts like \\\"Life is hard, so God must hate me\\\" aren't just wrong, they're harmful. When you're struggling with temptation, God is pulling for you more than ever. God wants to see you succeed. He wants nothing more than for you to overcome your temptation. So, if God tests you, don't lose your trust in him. Instead, rise to his challenge.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Follow the example set by the prophets.\", \"描述\": \"They lived a life of purity and perfection. He devoted his life to helping others. He practiced nonviolence, though he was willing to endure it. He suffered temptations, but he resisted them every time. Strive towards it - ordinary humans can't achieve it, but they can better themselves by trying.\\nThe Qur'an praises Muhammad: \\\"And indeed, you are of a great moral character.\\\" (Qur'an 68:4)\\nChristians believe that, through his mortal sacrifice, we are cleaned of all sins: (1 John 1:7) \\\"But if we walk in the light, as He is in the light, we have fellowship one with another, and the blood of Jesus Christ his Son cleans if us from all sin.\\\" If you're interested in Christ's salvation, contact a priest, minister, or other clergyman in your area.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Always have faith and be persistent in loving and forgiving people.\\n\", \"When you fail and give in to temptation, be sure to pray. Pray for forgiveness, get back on your feet and continue your life with Jesus. When God forgives you, he completely forgets that you ever sinned.\\n\", \"Pray before making your decision.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't dwell on past mistakes. Dwelling on old sins which God has forgiven will only make Satan's influence over you stronger. Be forgiven and move on. And remember in Proverbs second chapter, it is said that the one who confesses his sin to GOD will have mercy and the one who does not will see death.\\n\", \"We should be confident in God's Word. 1 Corinthians 10:13 says God will not allow you to be tempted above what you're able to overcome. Though you may indeed fail, know that victory is always possible.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,219 | How to Avoid Texting Your Ex | 1. Changing Your Phone Habits Post-Breakup
1-1. Delete your ex's number.
Erase your ex's number from your phone completely and you'll be less likely to send a text. If you try, you'll scan your contacts, not see their name, and instantly be reminded that texting them is a no-no.
You can also try putting the person's number on your phone's block list, especially if there's a chance they may reach out to you.
1-2. Call or text someone else.
When the urge strikes to text your ex, reach out to a friend or family member instead. Let this person know what's going on and have them distract you from the impulse.
Say something like, “Today would be our anniversary, so I'm tempted to text. Convince me to change my mind, please!”
Let your friends know that you may need their help with this while you recover from the breakup. For example, you can say, "I often want to text my ex. Can you help me when I'm feeling tempted?"
You and your friends might even devise a code word that you can text them when you're upset. For example, you might text them "ex alert" or a certain emoji.
1-3. Give your phone to someone else.
If you're feeling particularly weak at any given time, surrender your phone completely. Hand it over to a friend or family member until the urge fades.
1-4. Install a breakup app.
Thanks to technology, you can call in reinforcements to help you stop texting your ex. Scroll through your smart phone's app store to check out the available breakup apps. Download the app and use it until the urge to text your ex fades.
Certain apps, like Ex Lover Blocker, are designed to limit your ability to reach out to your ex by calling your friends whenever you try to make contact.
1-5. Power off your phone in the evenings.
You might find that you are able to keep thoughts of your ex at bay during the days when you're otherwise busy. However, you might be tempted to reach out at night when you're bored or lonely. If this is the case, shut off your phone for a few hours each night and spend time doing nourishing self-care activities instead.
Watch your favorite movie, study, read a book, or paint your nails to occupy yourself each evening instead of using your phone.
Let friends and family know of others ways they can reach you if they need to, such as through email or instant messaging on your computer.
2. Limiting Thoughts of Your Ex
2-1. Unfollow your ex on social media.
Get distance from your ex by unfriending or unfollowing them on all your social media accounts. Doing this will help you think about them less because you won't have to see updates about their life on your news feed.
In some cases, like on Facebook, you don't have to delete them as a friend entirely, but "unfollow" their feed instead.
2-2. Avoid triggers.
Gather all the movies, clothes, photos, and other mementos of your relationship. Trash or pack them away until you're emotionally ready to deal with them. Also, steer clear of songs, TV shows or other situations that might make you feel nostalgic.
Avoid taking any walks down memory lane for the time being. Doing so may only bring up old feelings that leave you itching to contact your ex.
2-3. Put money in a jar when the desire strikes.
There's no better way to break a bad habit than having to pay out of pocket whenever it happens. Each time you think about texting your ex, put a set sum of money in a jar. Donate the money to a friend or a good cause.
Over time, you'll notice yourself wanting to text them less and less because you naturally don't want to lose money.
2-4. Stay away from your ex's hangouts.
If you're still running into your ex every now and then, you might give in to the temptation to text them. Don't frequent any of their usual stomping grounds until you've fully moved on.
Try to avoid seeing your ex as much as possible.
If you can't help seeing them, keep the encounter short and sweet--never stop moving. For instance, say “Hi” while continuing to walk in the opposite direction.
2-5. Skip the alcohol.
Drinking alcohol loosens your inhibitions, so try to avoid alcoholic beverages for a while. If you go to a bar or restaurant, stick to seltzer water or soda.
That way, you won't have to worry about giving into temptation and possibly texting or even hooking up with your ex in a drunken haze.
There's also an app that can help you cut down on drunk-texting called Drunk Mode. You input contacts that are blocked for a specific amount of time. To disable the app prematurely, you'll have to successfully answer a series of math equations.
2-6. Remind yourself why it's over.
Make a list of why things ended with your ex. Each time you feel tempted to text them, pull out the list. Reading it should remind you why texting them isn't such a good idea.
For instance, maybe this person cheated on you. When you feel weak, remember that betrayal so you don't contact them.
3. Moving on after Heartbreak
3-1. Hang out
The more time you spend alone, the more likely you are to want to reach out to your ex. So, occupy your time with your closest pals who are guaranteed to take your mind off your ex.
Go out to lunch or dinner with your buddies. Or, plan a low-key movie night with a few friends at home.
If you need some alone time to process the breakup, that's okay. Take the time you need. At the same time, don't isolate yourself completely. You can achieve a balance that works for you.
3-2. Pursue a hobby.
Sharpen your current talents or get started with a new passion to keep yourself distracted. Try playing a sport or a musical instrument. Or, express yourself creatively by writing, painting, sculpting, or crafting.
3-3. Join a club.
Meet new people and take on new responsibilities by participating in a club or organization relating to your school, work, or hobbies. Filling your calendar with constructive activities will make you forget about texting your ex for a while.
Can't locate an interesting club? Find Meetups in your area for people with similar interests.
3-4. Learn a new skill.
Try your hand at something totally new. This will not only help you forget about reaching out to your ex, but it also helps you build new memories that don't include this person. Think about a skill you've always wanted to learn and get started.
Take a class in a foreign language, cooking, or wood crafting.
Learn your new skill by participating in a group course, getting one-on-one mentoring, reading books, or watching YouTube tutorials.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:31",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Changing Your Phone Habits Post-Breakup\\n1-1. Delete your ex's number.\\nErase your ex's number from your phone completely and you'll be less likely to send a text. If you try, you'll scan your contacts, not see their name, and instantly be reminded that texting them is a no-no.\\nYou can also try putting the person's number on your phone's block list, especially if there's a chance they may reach out to you.\\n1-2. Call or text someone else.\\nWhen the urge strikes to text your ex, reach out to a friend or family member instead. Let this person know what's going on and have them distract you from the impulse.\\nSay something like, “Today would be our anniversary, so I'm tempted to text. Convince me to change my mind, please!”\\nLet your friends know that you may need their help with this while you recover from the breakup. For example, you can say, \\\"I often want to text my ex. Can you help me when I'm feeling tempted?\\\"\\nYou and your friends might even devise a code word that you can text them when you're upset. For example, you might text them \\\"ex alert\\\" or a certain emoji.\\n1-3. Give your phone to someone else.\\nIf you're feeling particularly weak at any given time, surrender your phone completely. Hand it over to a friend or family member until the urge fades.\\n1-4. Install a breakup app.\\nThanks to technology, you can call in reinforcements to help you stop texting your ex. Scroll through your smart phone's app store to check out the available breakup apps. Download the app and use it until the urge to text your ex fades.\\nCertain apps, like Ex Lover Blocker, are designed to limit your ability to reach out to your ex by calling your friends whenever you try to make contact.\\n1-5. Power off your phone in the evenings.\\nYou might find that you are able to keep thoughts of your ex at bay during the days when you're otherwise busy. However, you might be tempted to reach out at night when you're bored or lonely. If this is the case, shut off your phone for a few hours each night and spend time doing nourishing self-care activities instead.\\nWatch your favorite movie, study, read a book, or paint your nails to occupy yourself each evening instead of using your phone.\\nLet friends and family know of others ways they can reach you if they need to, such as through email or instant messaging on your computer.\\n2. Limiting Thoughts of Your Ex\\n2-1. Unfollow your ex on social media.\\nGet distance from your ex by unfriending or unfollowing them on all your social media accounts. Doing this will help you think about them less because you won't have to see updates about their life on your news feed.\\nIn some cases, like on Facebook, you don't have to delete them as a friend entirely, but \\\"unfollow\\\" their feed instead.\\n2-2. Avoid triggers.\\nGather all the movies, clothes, photos, and other mementos of your relationship. Trash or pack them away until you're emotionally ready to deal with them. Also, steer clear of songs, TV shows or other situations that might make you feel nostalgic.\\nAvoid taking any walks down memory lane for the time being. Doing so may only bring up old feelings that leave you itching to contact your ex.\\n2-3. Put money in a jar when the desire strikes.\\nThere's no better way to break a bad habit than having to pay out of pocket whenever it happens. Each time you think about texting your ex, put a set sum of money in a jar. Donate the money to a friend or a good cause.\\nOver time, you'll notice yourself wanting to text them less and less because you naturally don't want to lose money.\\n2-4. Stay away from your ex's hangouts.\\nIf you're still running into your ex every now and then, you might give in to the temptation to text them. Don't frequent any of their usual stomping grounds until you've fully moved on.\\nTry to avoid seeing your ex as much as possible.\\nIf you can't help seeing them, keep the encounter short and sweet--never stop moving. For instance, say “Hi” while continuing to walk in the opposite direction.\\n2-5. Skip the alcohol.\\nDrinking alcohol loosens your inhibitions, so try to avoid alcoholic beverages for a while. If you go to a bar or restaurant, stick to seltzer water or soda.\\nThat way, you won't have to worry about giving into temptation and possibly texting or even hooking up with your ex in a drunken haze.\\nThere's also an app that can help you cut down on drunk-texting called Drunk Mode. You input contacts that are blocked for a specific amount of time. To disable the app prematurely, you'll have to successfully answer a series of math equations.\\n2-6. Remind yourself why it's over.\\nMake a list of why things ended with your ex. Each time you feel tempted to text them, pull out the list. Reading it should remind you why texting them isn't such a good idea.\\nFor instance, maybe this person cheated on you. When you feel weak, remember that betrayal so you don't contact them.\\n3. Moving on after Heartbreak\\n3-1. Hang out\\nThe more time you spend alone, the more likely you are to want to reach out to your ex. So, occupy your time with your closest pals who are guaranteed to take your mind off your ex.\\nGo out to lunch or dinner with your buddies. Or, plan a low-key movie night with a few friends at home.\\nIf you need some alone time to process the breakup, that's okay. Take the time you need. At the same time, don't isolate yourself completely. You can achieve a balance that works for you.\\n3-2. Pursue a hobby.\\nSharpen your current talents or get started with a new passion to keep yourself distracted. Try playing a sport or a musical instrument. Or, express yourself creatively by writing, painting, sculpting, or crafting.\\n3-3. Join a club.\\nMeet new people and take on new responsibilities by participating in a club or organization relating to your school, work, or hobbies. Filling your calendar with constructive activities will make you forget about texting your ex for a while.\\nCan't locate an interesting club? Find Meetups in your area for people with similar interests.\\n3-4. Learn a new skill.\\nTry your hand at something totally new. This will not only help you forget about reaching out to your ex, but it also helps you build new memories that don't include this person. Think about a skill you've always wanted to learn and get started.\\nTake a class in a foreign language, cooking, or wood crafting.\\nLearn your new skill by participating in a group course, getting one-on-one mentoring, reading books, or watching YouTube tutorials.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Are you worried about caving in and texting to your ex? You may not have superhuman willpower, but there are some steps you can take to make sure that doesn't happen. Minimize your chances of pressing “send” by asking someone else to talk you out of it. Getting some distance from your ex--literally and figuratively--and keeping yourself busy can also help you avoid texting them.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Changing Your Phone Habits Post-Breakup\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Delete your ex's number.\", \"描述\": \"Erase your ex's number from your phone completely and you'll be less likely to send a text. If you try, you'll scan your contacts, not see their name, and instantly be reminded that texting them is a no-no.\\nYou can also try putting the person's number on your phone's block list, especially if there's a chance they may reach out to you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Call or text someone else.\", \"描述\": \"When the urge strikes to text your ex, reach out to a friend or family member instead. Let this person know what's going on and have them distract you from the impulse.\\nSay something like, “Today would be our anniversary, so I'm tempted to text. Convince me to change my mind, please!”\\nLet your friends know that you may need their help with this while you recover from the breakup. For example, you can say, \\\"I often want to text my ex. Can you help me when I'm feeling tempted?\\\"\\nYou and your friends might even devise a code word that you can text them when you're upset. For example, you might text them \\\"ex alert\\\" or a certain emoji.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Give your phone to someone else.\", \"描述\": \"If you're feeling particularly weak at any given time, surrender your phone completely. Hand it over to a friend or family member until the urge fades.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Install a breakup app.\", \"描述\": \"Thanks to technology, you can call in reinforcements to help you stop texting your ex. Scroll through your smart phone's app store to check out the available breakup apps. Download the app and use it until the urge to text your ex fades.\\nCertain apps, like Ex Lover Blocker, are designed to limit your ability to reach out to your ex by calling your friends whenever you try to make contact.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Power off your phone in the evenings.\", \"描述\": \"You might find that you are able to keep thoughts of your ex at bay during the days when you're otherwise busy. However, you might be tempted to reach out at night when you're bored or lonely. If this is the case, shut off your phone for a few hours each night and spend time doing nourishing self-care activities instead.\\nWatch your favorite movie, study, read a book, or paint your nails to occupy yourself each evening instead of using your phone.\\nLet friends and family know of others ways they can reach you if they need to, such as through email or instant messaging on your computer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Limiting Thoughts of Your Ex\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unfollow your ex on social media.\", \"描述\": \"Get distance from your ex by unfriending or unfollowing them on all your social media accounts. Doing this will help you think about them less because you won't have to see updates about their life on your news feed.\\nIn some cases, like on Facebook, you don't have to delete them as a friend entirely, but \\\"unfollow\\\" their feed instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid triggers.\", \"描述\": \"Gather all the movies, clothes, photos, and other mementos of your relationship. Trash or pack them away until you're emotionally ready to deal with them. Also, steer clear of songs, TV shows or other situations that might make you feel nostalgic.\\nAvoid taking any walks down memory lane for the time being. Doing so may only bring up old feelings that leave you itching to contact your ex.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Put money in a jar when the desire strikes.\", \"描述\": \"There's no better way to break a bad habit than having to pay out of pocket whenever it happens. Each time you think about texting your ex, put a set sum of money in a jar. Donate the money to a friend or a good cause.\\nOver time, you'll notice yourself wanting to text them less and less because you naturally don't want to lose money.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay away from your ex's hangouts.\", \"描述\": \"If you're still running into your ex every now and then, you might give in to the temptation to text them. Don't frequent any of their usual stomping grounds until you've fully moved on.\\nTry to avoid seeing your ex as much as possible.\\nIf you can't help seeing them, keep the encounter short and sweet--never stop moving. For instance, say “Hi” while continuing to walk in the opposite direction.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Skip the alcohol.\", \"描述\": \"Drinking alcohol loosens your inhibitions, so try to avoid alcoholic beverages for a while. If you go to a bar or restaurant, stick to seltzer water or soda.\\nThat way, you won't have to worry about giving into temptation and possibly texting or even hooking up with your ex in a drunken haze.\\nThere's also an app that can help you cut down on drunk-texting called Drunk Mode. You input contacts that are blocked for a specific amount of time. To disable the app prematurely, you'll have to successfully answer a series of math equations.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Remind yourself why it's over.\", \"描述\": \"Make a list of why things ended with your ex. Each time you feel tempted to text them, pull out the list. Reading it should remind you why texting them isn't such a good idea.\\nFor instance, maybe this person cheated on you. When you feel weak, remember that betrayal so you don't contact them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Moving on after Heartbreak\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Hang out\", \"描述\": \"The more time you spend alone, the more likely you are to want to reach out to your ex. So, occupy your time with your closest pals who are guaranteed to take your mind off your ex.\\nGo out to lunch or dinner with your buddies. Or, plan a low-key movie night with a few friends at home.\\nIf you need some alone time to process the breakup, that's okay. Take the time you need. At the same time, don't isolate yourself completely. You can achieve a balance that works for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pursue a hobby.\", \"描述\": \"Sharpen your current talents or get started with a new passion to keep yourself distracted. Try playing a sport or a musical instrument. Or, express yourself creatively by writing, painting, sculpting, or crafting.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Join a club.\", \"描述\": \"Meet new people and take on new responsibilities by participating in a club or organization relating to your school, work, or hobbies. Filling your calendar with constructive activities will make you forget about texting your ex for a while.\\nCan't locate an interesting club? Find Meetups in your area for people with similar interests.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn a new skill.\", \"描述\": \"Try your hand at something totally new. This will not only help you forget about reaching out to your ex, but it also helps you build new memories that don't include this person. Think about a skill you've always wanted to learn and get started.\\nTake a class in a foreign language, cooking, or wood crafting.\\nLearn your new skill by participating in a group course, getting one-on-one mentoring, reading books, or watching YouTube tutorials.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,220 | How to Avoid Throwing Up | 1. Getting Immediate Relief
1-1. Sit and try to relax if you feel nauseous.
Moving around can make nausea worse, so take a few minutes to sit still. It might feel hard, but try to think about something other than your nausea, which can help make you more comfortable and less likely to throw up.
1-2. Drink a hot cup of water or soothing tea such as chamomile tea.
Heat a cup of water, or if possible, brew a hot cup of tea, and sip it slowly. Chamomile has been used to relieve nausea and a variety of other health issues for centuries. It relaxes the digestive system, lowers stomach acid, and may help calm nervousness or anxiety.
Go with a caffeine-free herbal chamomile tea. Caffeine could make your upset stomach worse.
1-3. Open a window or go outside to get fresh air.
If you can make it outside and the weather allows, try sitting on your porch or patio. You could also sit by an open window if you can’t make it outside.
Fresh air could help, but keep in mind hot, humid weather or bright, direct sunlight might make matters worse.
1-4. Take an antacid or anti-nausea medication.
An over-the-counter medication can offer relief from nausea, and you can even take one before an activity that you think might cause queasiness. If nausea is an ongoing problem, your doctor might recommend a prescription anti-nausea medication. Remember to take any medications as directed by the doctor or the label’s instructions.
1-5. Try using ginger to settle your stomach.
Sip ginger tea, or chew or suck on natural ginger candy to calm your stomach. Ginger contains substances that may promote digestion and relieve nausea.
You could peel and slice a 2 in (5.1 cm) piece of ginger root, then boil the slices in 1 c (240 mL) of water to make a tea. Strain out the slices or, if you’d like, chew on them once they’ve cooled.
Low-sugar natural ginger ales can also help settle a queasy belly. However, be sure to avoid soft drinks that contain caffeine.
1-6. Suck on hard candies with pleasant aromas.
Try lemon, ginger, or peppermint hard candies to take the edge off your nausea. Hard candy is also helpful if you have a bad taste in your mouth that's aggravating your queasiness.
Essential oils in these flavors may also have some anti-nausea properties.
Look for natural candy options at your local health food store.
1-7. Distract yourself with your favorite book, podcast or TV show.
Wait out your nausea by using the power of distraction. Put on comfortable clothes and perform a relaxing, sedentary activity you enjoy. You may find that after about 20 or 30 minutes, your nausea has passed.
2. Making Dietary Adjustments
2-1. Choose bland foods that are easy on your stomach.
You might not feel like eating when you’re nauseous, but swallowing some plain-tasting food may help absorb stomach acids and calm your stomach. If nothing else, you should avoid overly sweet, spicy, and fatty foods, which can trigger nausea.
2-2. Drink water with your meals to promote digestion.
Help your body dilute acidic digestive juices and absorb nutrients by drinking a glass of water 1-2 hours before you eat. Then, sip some water with each meal if you continue to feel nauseous. This helps create softer bowel movements, which can ease constipation-related nausea.
2-3. Eat cool or room temperature foods.
Let your food cool slightly or opt for raw fruits and veggies instead of hot foods when you’re feeling ill. Hot foods can have strong smells, which may worsen nausea or vomiting if you have a sensitive stomach.
Foods with minimal smells, such as crackers, may be more palatable to you than foods with strong odors.
2-4. Get tested for food intolerance and allergies.
Talk to a doctor about allergy testing if you notice that certain foods consistently make you feel nauseous. Skin testing can help pinpoint any food allergies that may be setting off your sickness.
Typically an allergist performs a scratch test to determine your sensitivity to different foods. It’s best to avoid taking antihistamines before your appointment for the most conclusive testing.
Your doctor may also have you try a food elimination diet to see if you are sensitive to certain foods such as gluten, dairy, soy, peanuts, eggs, and corn.
2-5. Switch to a low-fiber diet before any nausea-inducing activity.
Opt for low-fiber foods, such as refined hot cereals or juices, if you notice your nausea worsens while working out. These foods digest quickly, moving out of your stomach faster.
Most people experience less nausea on an empty or partially-full stomach than a filled one.
For example, if you’re prone to vomiting during track practice, try swapping a protein shake for your regular turkey sandwich. Your liquid lunch will get digested more quickly and is less likely to nauseate you.
2-6. Drink your recommended intake of fluids daily to stay hydrated.
Water and other healthy fluids promote good digestion, which can help you avoid vomiting. Staying hydrated is especially important if you’ve been vomiting a lot, or are experiencing nausea. Dehydration can make nausea worse and, in turn, persistent vomiting can make dehydration worse.
2-7. Gravitate towards appealing foods as needed.
Stick to whatever foods sound best to you if you find you’re feeling very nauseous. Sometimes comforting foods can be more palatable and agreeable to your stomach.
For example, choosing a bland food you love, say mashed potatoes, may ease your nausea more than choking down a piece of toast for the sake of eating something plain.
It’s still a good idea to avoid overly sweet, spicy, or fatty foods, which can cause stomach upset.
2-8. Eat a few crackers before getting out of bed for morning nausea.
Keep a sleeve of plain cracker on your bedside table if you often feel sick upon waking up. Having something plain in your belly before waking can increase your blood sugar and keep nausea at bay.
This is a great technique for mothers suffering from morning sickness or patients undergoing chemotherapy.
2-9. Sit upright for an hour after eating a meal.
Encourage your food to settle by sitting up and letting gravity aid digestion after eating. Avoid performing intense exercise or lying down right after a large meal, as these can bring on nausea.
If you already feel nauseous and lying down feels best to you, try lying on your left side, which increases blood flow, rather than lying on your right side.
3. Establishing Stomach-Settling Habits
3-1. Reduce your stress level by meditating.
Meditate to reduce your adrenaline and anxiety levels, which can both cause nausea and vomiting. Sit or lie down comfortably with your eyes closed, focusing only your breathing for 10 minutes. Try to clear your head of any thoughts causing you stress and release physical tension in your body.
Try a guided meditation app, such as Relax By Andrew Johnson, if you’re just starting out with meditation.
3-2. Avoid using NSAIDS before exercise.
Take NSAID medications, such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen, after you exercise rather than before. Using these medications before exercise can trigger vomiting, as they are hard on your stomach.
This is especially true if you participate in endurance sports, such as marathons or triathlons.
3-3. Take breaks on long drives.
Settle your stomach by pulling over at a rest stop once every hour if you tend to get nauseous in the car. Taking a break from the blurring scenery and putting your feet on firm ground for 5 minutes can decrease nausea and help you feel normal again.
3-4. Warm up
Spend 15 minutes performing gentler exercises before and after your main workout to help your stomach adjust to your movements. Abruptly stopping or starting intense exercise can bring on nausea and vomiting.
Walking or jumping rope are great ways to ease into or out of your workout.
4. Using Medications and Alternative Therapies
4-1. Talk to your doctor about prescription anti-nausea medications.
Discuss Odansetron, Promethazine, and other anti-nausea medications with your doctor to see if these can ease your sickness or vomiting. Whether your nausea is caused by chemo or morning sickness, many of these can take the edge off your queasiness and help you go about your day.
Always tell your doctor what other medications and supplements you are taking so they can manage your medication regimen. Do not take multiple anti-nausea medications at the same time, as this can have serious side effects.
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or nursing so they can weigh the benefits and risks of using prescription anti-nausea medications.
4-2. Use Dramamine for occasional seasickness.
Take 1 pill of over-the-counter anti-nausea medication, such as Dramamine, about half an hour before participating in any activities that make you feel motion-sick. Adults and children over 12 can take Dramamine every 4-6 hours as needed to reduce sickness after nausea has set in.
Talk to your child’s pediatrician to determine if Dramamine is safe for your child under 12.
4-3. Wear acupressure bands on your wrists.
Stimulate the P6 acupressure point—thought to relieve nausea—by wearing acupressure cuffs, such as Sea Bands. These bands have no known side effects and are safe to wear throughout the day, if they help you.
You can also stimulate this pressure point without a band by pressing about 2 finger-widths down from the crease on the inside of your wrist.
4-4. Take a probiotic.
Probiotic supplements may help in the treatment of acute nausea and vomiting. These work by helping to restore the microbial ecosystem in your GI tract. There are many types of probiotics available from most pharmacies and drug stores, and each may be formulated to help with specific issues. Take the supplement as indicated on the packaging, or as otherwise directed by your doctor.
Tips
Call your doctor if you have nausea that does not pass after a day or you cannot keep liquids down. The doctor can help create a strategy to combat your nausea and replace lost fluids.[28]
X
Research source
If you see blood in your puke, get immediate medical attention. Blood in puke often means something serious!
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:32",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting Immediate Relief\\n1-1. Sit and try to relax if you feel nauseous.\\nMoving around can make nausea worse, so take a few minutes to sit still. It might feel hard, but try to think about something other than your nausea, which can help make you more comfortable and less likely to throw up.\\n1-2. Drink a hot cup of water or soothing tea such as chamomile tea.\\nHeat a cup of water, or if possible, brew a hot cup of tea, and sip it slowly. Chamomile has been used to relieve nausea and a variety of other health issues for centuries. It relaxes the digestive system, lowers stomach acid, and may help calm nervousness or anxiety.\\nGo with a caffeine-free herbal chamomile tea. Caffeine could make your upset stomach worse.\\n1-3. Open a window or go outside to get fresh air.\\nIf you can make it outside and the weather allows, try sitting on your porch or patio. You could also sit by an open window if you can’t make it outside.\\nFresh air could help, but keep in mind hot, humid weather or bright, direct sunlight might make matters worse.\\n1-4. Take an antacid or anti-nausea medication.\\nAn over-the-counter medication can offer relief from nausea, and you can even take one before an activity that you think might cause queasiness. If nausea is an ongoing problem, your doctor might recommend a prescription anti-nausea medication. Remember to take any medications as directed by the doctor or the label’s instructions.\\n1-5. Try using ginger to settle your stomach.\\nSip ginger tea, or chew or suck on natural ginger candy to calm your stomach. Ginger contains substances that may promote digestion and relieve nausea.\\nYou could peel and slice a 2 in (5.1 cm) piece of ginger root, then boil the slices in 1 c (240 mL) of water to make a tea. Strain out the slices or, if you’d like, chew on them once they’ve cooled.\\nLow-sugar natural ginger ales can also help settle a queasy belly. However, be sure to avoid soft drinks that contain caffeine.\\n1-6. Suck on hard candies with pleasant aromas.\\nTry lemon, ginger, or peppermint hard candies to take the edge off your nausea. Hard candy is also helpful if you have a bad taste in your mouth that's aggravating your queasiness.\\nEssential oils in these flavors may also have some anti-nausea properties.\\nLook for natural candy options at your local health food store.\\n1-7. Distract yourself with your favorite book, podcast or TV show.\\nWait out your nausea by using the power of distraction. Put on comfortable clothes and perform a relaxing, sedentary activity you enjoy. You may find that after about 20 or 30 minutes, your nausea has passed.\\n2. Making Dietary Adjustments\\n2-1. Choose bland foods that are easy on your stomach.\\nYou might not feel like eating when you’re nauseous, but swallowing some plain-tasting food may help absorb stomach acids and calm your stomach. If nothing else, you should avoid overly sweet, spicy, and fatty foods, which can trigger nausea.\\n2-2. Drink water with your meals to promote digestion.\\nHelp your body dilute acidic digestive juices and absorb nutrients by drinking a glass of water 1-2 hours before you eat. Then, sip some water with each meal if you continue to feel nauseous. This helps create softer bowel movements, which can ease constipation-related nausea.\\n2-3. Eat cool or room temperature foods.\\nLet your food cool slightly or opt for raw fruits and veggies instead of hot foods when you’re feeling ill. Hot foods can have strong smells, which may worsen nausea or vomiting if you have a sensitive stomach.\\nFoods with minimal smells, such as crackers, may be more palatable to you than foods with strong odors.\\n2-4. Get tested for food intolerance and allergies.\\nTalk to a doctor about allergy testing if you notice that certain foods consistently make you feel nauseous. Skin testing can help pinpoint any food allergies that may be setting off your sickness.\\nTypically an allergist performs a scratch test to determine your sensitivity to different foods. It’s best to avoid taking antihistamines before your appointment for the most conclusive testing.\\nYour doctor may also have you try a food elimination diet to see if you are sensitive to certain foods such as gluten, dairy, soy, peanuts, eggs, and corn.\\n2-5. Switch to a low-fiber diet before any nausea-inducing activity.\\nOpt for low-fiber foods, such as refined hot cereals or juices, if you notice your nausea worsens while working out. These foods digest quickly, moving out of your stomach faster.\\nMost people experience less nausea on an empty or partially-full stomach than a filled one.\\nFor example, if you’re prone to vomiting during track practice, try swapping a protein shake for your regular turkey sandwich. Your liquid lunch will get digested more quickly and is less likely to nauseate you.\\n2-6. Drink your recommended intake of fluids daily to stay hydrated.\\nWater and other healthy fluids promote good digestion, which can help you avoid vomiting. Staying hydrated is especially important if you’ve been vomiting a lot, or are experiencing nausea. Dehydration can make nausea worse and, in turn, persistent vomiting can make dehydration worse.\\n2-7. Gravitate towards appealing foods as needed.\\nStick to whatever foods sound best to you if you find you’re feeling very nauseous. Sometimes comforting foods can be more palatable and agreeable to your stomach.\\nFor example, choosing a bland food you love, say mashed potatoes, may ease your nausea more than choking down a piece of toast for the sake of eating something plain.\\nIt’s still a good idea to avoid overly sweet, spicy, or fatty foods, which can cause stomach upset.\\n2-8. Eat a few crackers before getting out of bed for morning nausea.\\nKeep a sleeve of plain cracker on your bedside table if you often feel sick upon waking up. Having something plain in your belly before waking can increase your blood sugar and keep nausea at bay.\\nThis is a great technique for mothers suffering from morning sickness or patients undergoing chemotherapy.\\n2-9. Sit upright for an hour after eating a meal.\\nEncourage your food to settle by sitting up and letting gravity aid digestion after eating. Avoid performing intense exercise or lying down right after a large meal, as these can bring on nausea.\\nIf you already feel nauseous and lying down feels best to you, try lying on your left side, which increases blood flow, rather than lying on your right side.\\n3. Establishing Stomach-Settling Habits\\n3-1. Reduce your stress level by meditating.\\nMeditate to reduce your adrenaline and anxiety levels, which can both cause nausea and vomiting. Sit or lie down comfortably with your eyes closed, focusing only your breathing for 10 minutes. Try to clear your head of any thoughts causing you stress and release physical tension in your body.\\nTry a guided meditation app, such as Relax By Andrew Johnson, if you’re just starting out with meditation.\\n3-2. Avoid using NSAIDS before exercise.\\nTake NSAID medications, such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen, after you exercise rather than before. Using these medications before exercise can trigger vomiting, as they are hard on your stomach.\\nThis is especially true if you participate in endurance sports, such as marathons or triathlons.\\n3-3. Take breaks on long drives.\\nSettle your stomach by pulling over at a rest stop once every hour if you tend to get nauseous in the car. Taking a break from the blurring scenery and putting your feet on firm ground for 5 minutes can decrease nausea and help you feel normal again.\\n3-4. Warm up\\nSpend 15 minutes performing gentler exercises before and after your main workout to help your stomach adjust to your movements. Abruptly stopping or starting intense exercise can bring on nausea and vomiting.\\nWalking or jumping rope are great ways to ease into or out of your workout.\\n4. Using Medications and Alternative Therapies\\n4-1. Talk to your doctor about prescription anti-nausea medications.\\nDiscuss Odansetron, Promethazine, and other anti-nausea medications with your doctor to see if these can ease your sickness or vomiting. Whether your nausea is caused by chemo or morning sickness, many of these can take the edge off your queasiness and help you go about your day.\\nAlways tell your doctor what other medications and supplements you are taking so they can manage your medication regimen. Do not take multiple anti-nausea medications at the same time, as this can have serious side effects.\\nTell your doctor if you are pregnant or nursing so they can weigh the benefits and risks of using prescription anti-nausea medications.\\n4-2. Use Dramamine for occasional seasickness.\\nTake 1 pill of over-the-counter anti-nausea medication, such as Dramamine, about half an hour before participating in any activities that make you feel motion-sick. Adults and children over 12 can take Dramamine every 4-6 hours as needed to reduce sickness after nausea has set in.\\nTalk to your child’s pediatrician to determine if Dramamine is safe for your child under 12.\\n4-3. Wear acupressure bands on your wrists.\\nStimulate the P6 acupressure point—thought to relieve nausea—by wearing acupressure cuffs, such as Sea Bands. These bands have no known side effects and are safe to wear throughout the day, if they help you.\\nYou can also stimulate this pressure point without a band by pressing about 2 finger-widths down from the crease on the inside of your wrist.\\n4-4. Take a probiotic.\\nProbiotic supplements may help in the treatment of acute nausea and vomiting. These work by helping to restore the microbial ecosystem in your GI tract. There are many types of probiotics available from most pharmacies and drug stores, and each may be formulated to help with specific issues. Take the supplement as indicated on the packaging, or as otherwise directed by your doctor.\\nTips\\nCall your doctor if you have nausea that does not pass after a day or you cannot keep liquids down. The doctor can help create a strategy to combat your nausea and replace lost fluids.[28]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf you see blood in your puke, get immediate medical attention. Blood in puke often means something serious!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Whether your upset stomach is caused by exercise, overeating, or even a medical condition, nausea can make you feel awful. If you're already feeling nauseous, try tips and tricks to relieve queasiness. If nausea and vomiting are ongoing problems, adjusting your diet and making changes to your normal routine may help you avoid stomach issues in the future. For persistent or severe symptoms, discuss anti-nausea medications with your doctor.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting Immediate Relief\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sit and try to relax if you feel nauseous.\", \"描述\": \"Moving around can make nausea worse, so take a few minutes to sit still. It might feel hard, but try to think about something other than your nausea, which can help make you more comfortable and less likely to throw up.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Drink a hot cup of water or soothing tea such as chamomile tea.\", \"描述\": \"Heat a cup of water, or if possible, brew a hot cup of tea, and sip it slowly. Chamomile has been used to relieve nausea and a variety of other health issues for centuries. It relaxes the digestive system, lowers stomach acid, and may help calm nervousness or anxiety.\\nGo with a caffeine-free herbal chamomile tea. Caffeine could make your upset stomach worse.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Open a window or go outside to get fresh air.\", \"描述\": \"If you can make it outside and the weather allows, try sitting on your porch or patio. You could also sit by an open window if you can’t make it outside.\\nFresh air could help, but keep in mind hot, humid weather or bright, direct sunlight might make matters worse.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take an antacid or anti-nausea medication.\", \"描述\": \"An over-the-counter medication can offer relief from nausea, and you can even take one before an activity that you think might cause queasiness. If nausea is an ongoing problem, your doctor might recommend a prescription anti-nausea medication. Remember to take any medications as directed by the doctor or the label’s instructions.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Try using ginger to settle your stomach.\", \"描述\": \"Sip ginger tea, or chew or suck on natural ginger candy to calm your stomach. Ginger contains substances that may promote digestion and relieve nausea.\\nYou could peel and slice a 2 in (5.1 cm) piece of ginger root, then boil the slices in 1 c (240 mL) of water to make a tea. Strain out the slices or, if you’d like, chew on them once they’ve cooled.\\nLow-sugar natural ginger ales can also help settle a queasy belly. However, be sure to avoid soft drinks that contain caffeine.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Suck on hard candies with pleasant aromas.\", \"描述\": \"Try lemon, ginger, or peppermint hard candies to take the edge off your nausea. Hard candy is also helpful if you have a bad taste in your mouth that's aggravating your queasiness.\\nEssential oils in these flavors may also have some anti-nausea properties.\\nLook for natural candy options at your local health food store.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Distract yourself with your favorite book, podcast or TV show.\", \"描述\": \"Wait out your nausea by using the power of distraction. Put on comfortable clothes and perform a relaxing, sedentary activity you enjoy. You may find that after about 20 or 30 minutes, your nausea has passed.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Making Dietary Adjustments\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose bland foods that are easy on your stomach.\", \"描述\": \"You might not feel like eating when you’re nauseous, but swallowing some plain-tasting food may help absorb stomach acids and calm your stomach. If nothing else, you should avoid overly sweet, spicy, and fatty foods, which can trigger nausea.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Drink water with your meals to promote digestion.\", \"描述\": \"Help your body dilute acidic digestive juices and absorb nutrients by drinking a glass of water 1-2 hours before you eat. Then, sip some water with each meal if you continue to feel nauseous. This helps create softer bowel movements, which can ease constipation-related nausea.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Eat cool or room temperature foods.\", \"描述\": \"Let your food cool slightly or opt for raw fruits and veggies instead of hot foods when you’re feeling ill. Hot foods can have strong smells, which may worsen nausea or vomiting if you have a sensitive stomach.\\nFoods with minimal smells, such as crackers, may be more palatable to you than foods with strong odors.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get tested for food intolerance and allergies.\", \"描述\": \"Talk to a doctor about allergy testing if you notice that certain foods consistently make you feel nauseous. Skin testing can help pinpoint any food allergies that may be setting off your sickness.\\nTypically an allergist performs a scratch test to determine your sensitivity to different foods. It’s best to avoid taking antihistamines before your appointment for the most conclusive testing.\\nYour doctor may also have you try a food elimination diet to see if you are sensitive to certain foods such as gluten, dairy, soy, peanuts, eggs, and corn.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Switch to a low-fiber diet before any nausea-inducing activity.\", \"描述\": \"Opt for low-fiber foods, such as refined hot cereals or juices, if you notice your nausea worsens while working out. These foods digest quickly, moving out of your stomach faster.\\nMost people experience less nausea on an empty or partially-full stomach than a filled one.\\nFor example, if you’re prone to vomiting during track practice, try swapping a protein shake for your regular turkey sandwich. Your liquid lunch will get digested more quickly and is less likely to nauseate you.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Drink your recommended intake of fluids daily to stay hydrated.\", \"描述\": \"Water and other healthy fluids promote good digestion, which can help you avoid vomiting. Staying hydrated is especially important if you’ve been vomiting a lot, or are experiencing nausea. Dehydration can make nausea worse and, in turn, persistent vomiting can make dehydration worse.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Gravitate towards appealing foods as needed.\", \"描述\": \"Stick to whatever foods sound best to you if you find you’re feeling very nauseous. Sometimes comforting foods can be more palatable and agreeable to your stomach.\\nFor example, choosing a bland food you love, say mashed potatoes, may ease your nausea more than choking down a piece of toast for the sake of eating something plain.\\nIt’s still a good idea to avoid overly sweet, spicy, or fatty foods, which can cause stomach upset.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Eat a few crackers before getting out of bed for morning nausea.\", \"描述\": \"Keep a sleeve of plain cracker on your bedside table if you often feel sick upon waking up. Having something plain in your belly before waking can increase your blood sugar and keep nausea at bay.\\nThis is a great technique for mothers suffering from morning sickness or patients undergoing chemotherapy.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Sit upright for an hour after eating a meal.\", \"描述\": \"Encourage your food to settle by sitting up and letting gravity aid digestion after eating. Avoid performing intense exercise or lying down right after a large meal, as these can bring on nausea.\\nIf you already feel nauseous and lying down feels best to you, try lying on your left side, which increases blood flow, rather than lying on your right side.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Establishing Stomach-Settling Habits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Reduce your stress level by meditating.\", \"描述\": \"Meditate to reduce your adrenaline and anxiety levels, which can both cause nausea and vomiting. Sit or lie down comfortably with your eyes closed, focusing only your breathing for 10 minutes. Try to clear your head of any thoughts causing you stress and release physical tension in your body.\\nTry a guided meditation app, such as Relax By Andrew Johnson, if you’re just starting out with meditation.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid using NSAIDS before exercise.\", \"描述\": \"Take NSAID medications, such as acetaminophen and ibuprofen, after you exercise rather than before. Using these medications before exercise can trigger vomiting, as they are hard on your stomach.\\nThis is especially true if you participate in endurance sports, such as marathons or triathlons.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take breaks on long drives.\", \"描述\": \"Settle your stomach by pulling over at a rest stop once every hour if you tend to get nauseous in the car. Taking a break from the blurring scenery and putting your feet on firm ground for 5 minutes can decrease nausea and help you feel normal again.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Warm up\", \"描述\": \"Spend 15 minutes performing gentler exercises before and after your main workout to help your stomach adjust to your movements. Abruptly stopping or starting intense exercise can bring on nausea and vomiting.\\nWalking or jumping rope are great ways to ease into or out of your workout.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Using Medications and Alternative Therapies\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Talk to your doctor about prescription anti-nausea medications.\", \"描述\": \"Discuss Odansetron, Promethazine, and other anti-nausea medications with your doctor to see if these can ease your sickness or vomiting. Whether your nausea is caused by chemo or morning sickness, many of these can take the edge off your queasiness and help you go about your day.\\nAlways tell your doctor what other medications and supplements you are taking so they can manage your medication regimen. Do not take multiple anti-nausea medications at the same time, as this can have serious side effects.\\nTell your doctor if you are pregnant or nursing so they can weigh the benefits and risks of using prescription anti-nausea medications.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use Dramamine for occasional seasickness.\", \"描述\": \"Take 1 pill of over-the-counter anti-nausea medication, such as Dramamine, about half an hour before participating in any activities that make you feel motion-sick. Adults and children over 12 can take Dramamine every 4-6 hours as needed to reduce sickness after nausea has set in.\\nTalk to your child’s pediatrician to determine if Dramamine is safe for your child under 12.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wear acupressure bands on your wrists.\", \"描述\": \"Stimulate the P6 acupressure point—thought to relieve nausea—by wearing acupressure cuffs, such as Sea Bands. These bands have no known side effects and are safe to wear throughout the day, if they help you.\\nYou can also stimulate this pressure point without a band by pressing about 2 finger-widths down from the crease on the inside of your wrist.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take a probiotic.\", \"描述\": \"Probiotic supplements may help in the treatment of acute nausea and vomiting. These work by helping to restore the microbial ecosystem in your GI tract. There are many types of probiotics available from most pharmacies and drug stores, and each may be formulated to help with specific issues. Take the supplement as indicated on the packaging, or as otherwise directed by your doctor.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Call your doctor if you have nausea that does not pass after a day or you cannot keep liquids down. The doctor can help create a strategy to combat your nausea and replace lost fluids.[28]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If you see blood in your puke, get immediate medical attention. Blood in puke often means something serious!\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,221 | How to Avoid Ticking Off the Actors in a Haunted House | 1. Going through the House
1-1. Avoid pretending not to be afraid if you don’t want to be targeted.
Acting tough or saying “I’m not scared” indicates to the actors that you actually are. They’ll likely try even harder to frighten you or pick on you.
Pretending like you don’t care also makes it less fun for your friends.
1-2. Walk in the middle of your group so your friends get scared first.
Always keep someone between you and the actors so you have a lower chance of being the one singled out. This includes your backside, too. Make sure there's always someone behind you.
If there are only 2 or 3 of you, walk as close as possible to your friends. Then, if something jumps out, you can hide behind them.
The 1st and 2nd spots where you'll experience the most scares are the front or the back of the group.
1-3. Refrain from scaring other house-goers, which frustrates the actors.
The actors are the ones who should be doing the scaring, not you. Let them do their jobs by just walking through and experiencing the house instead of trying to be a part of it.
If one of your friends is scaring people on purpose, firmly ask them to stop. You don’t want to get kicked out because they’re being obnoxious.
1-4. Pretend not to see an impending scare so you don't annoy the actors.
If you see an actor setting up a scare for someone in your group, don't try to help by pointing it out to them. That will irritate the actor and might cause them to turn on you, instead.
Telling your friends that they're about to be scared also makes it less fun for them.
For example, if you see an actor peeking out from behind a curtain, don’t say, “Kate, watch out!” Let the scene happen on its own.
1-5. Stay on the marked path to avoid getting cornered by a monster.
Leaving the group you are with or straying behind the scenes is asking for trouble. If an actor finds you alone, they'll likely pick on you. Don't stray from the route you're supposed to follow.
If you aren’t sure where to go, follow the group in front of you.
Leaving the path can be dangerous, too. There are hazards, like electrical cords and other items, that are intentionally hidden.
If a room or door is marked “Staff Only” or "Emergency Exit," don’t enter it.
1-6. Move at a quick pace so the actors have less time to prepare a scare.
Keep moving through the house and don’t hesitate too long at one scene or walk too slowly. Getting to the next room or scene quickly not only gets you out of the house faster, it prevents the actors from planning an elaborate scare.
Never run. Running in a haunted house can be dangerous and destructive.
2. Interacting with the Actors
2-1. Avoid asking the actors not to scare you.
Saying something like, “Leave me alone!” or “Please don’t scare me!” will only encourage them to try even harder to scare you. It’s best to keep quiet and blend into the rest of the group so you aren’t an easy target.
Keep in mind that usually, if an actor notices someone is genuinely upset or very frightened, they’ll back off.
2-2. Keep your hands to yourself and don’t touch the actors.
Many haunted houses have rules against touching the staff. But even if this isn't explicitly mentioned, grabbing, pushing, or hitting the actors is liable to get you thrown out, and possibly even arrested.
Some light bumping or brushing against other people is normal and expected.
Apologize immediately if you accidentally knock into an actor.
If you have a tendency to strike out when scared, have a friend agree to hold your "hitting hand" to keep you from doing so or keep your hands in your pockets.
2-3. Stay on the actors' good sides by not trying to scare them.
First, attempting to frighten the actors probably won’t work and will just make you look foolish. Plus, they’re there to do their job (which is to scare you) and if you’re getting in the way of that, you’re being disrespectful. They'll definitely "punish" you for it by trying even harder to frighten you later on.
It’s not funny to ask for an actor’s phone number or comment on how hot they are.
Harassing them can get you escorted off the property.
Don't try to get the actors to break character. They won't do it and it will just make them angry.
2-4. Ask to leave the house only if you’re too scared to continue.
Do not request to be taken out unless you genuinely want to leave. A false alarm will irritate actors who have to break character to escort you out. Use a strong, clear voice to be heard over the noise and show you're serious about leaving.
Some haunted houses have safe words or phrases for guests to use in the event they want to leave. For example, it might be “I want my Mommy.”
Find out before you enter the house what the guidelines are for leaving.
3. Dressing Appropriately
3-1. Wear dark-colored clothes so that you’re harder to see.
Haunted houses are often very dark with poor lighting, so choosing clothing that’s equally dark will help you blend in. Look for pieces that are black, navy, dark gray, or a deep purple.
Avoid neon colors or bright white clothes that stand out, especially if the haunted house has a black light.
Pay attention to your footwear, too. Dark boots or black tennis shoes are both good options.
3-2. Cover up with a long-sleeved shirt and pants to hide your goosebumps.
You get goosebumps when you’re scared, so those tiny dots all over your arms and legs are a dead giveaway to actors. Wear a long-sleeved T-shirt or a hoodie and pants that cover your ankles.
If you get cold easily, add layers like an additional sweatshirt or jacket, too, to prevent goosebumps from the chilly air.
3-3. Choose a large, puffy coat to look more intimidating.
While an oversized coat might not make you blend in, it will make you appear larger. Actors may mistake your size for muscle and they won’t want to mess with you.
Look for down parkas or ski jackets with extra padding.
Wearing a heavy sweatshirt underneath your coat will make you even bigger.
3-4. Leave the masks at home.
Most haunted houses don't allow masks to be worn, except on special occasions. If you're allowed to wear a mask on that day, remove it before approaching the ticket booth or a police officer or security guard on duty.
Wearing a mask in the haunted house might make others mistake you for an actor.
If masks are allowed, make sure yours isn’t offensive or overly gruesome. There may be kids at the haunted house.
Tips
Making fun of actors or attempting to break their character is neither witty nor amusing.
Don't tell actors to stop scaring your kids. If you think your kids can't handle it, don't go in or leave the kids at home with a babysitter.
Most houses will allow you to request a "low" scare or a "high" scare if you feel the need.
Warnings
Do not run. You could destroy the house or hurt yourself and others.
Do not touch the actors. Do not hit, kick, push, bite, slap, lick, scratch, or otherwise assault actors.
Never go to a haunted house while you’re drunk or on drugs. You won't have fun, your friends won't have fun, the actors won't have fun, and you could be a danger to yourself and others.
Don't smoke in the house.
Don't bring flashlights. Bringing flashlights ruin the whole effect that most houses often try to create.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:32",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Going through the House\\n1-1. Avoid pretending not to be afraid if you don’t want to be targeted.\\nActing tough or saying “I’m not scared” indicates to the actors that you actually are. They’ll likely try even harder to frighten you or pick on you.\\nPretending like you don’t care also makes it less fun for your friends.\\n1-2. Walk in the middle of your group so your friends get scared first.\\nAlways keep someone between you and the actors so you have a lower chance of being the one singled out. This includes your backside, too. Make sure there's always someone behind you.\\nIf there are only 2 or 3 of you, walk as close as possible to your friends. Then, if something jumps out, you can hide behind them.\\nThe 1st and 2nd spots where you'll experience the most scares are the front or the back of the group.\\n1-3. Refrain from scaring other house-goers, which frustrates the actors.\\nThe actors are the ones who should be doing the scaring, not you. Let them do their jobs by just walking through and experiencing the house instead of trying to be a part of it.\\nIf one of your friends is scaring people on purpose, firmly ask them to stop. You don’t want to get kicked out because they’re being obnoxious.\\n1-4. Pretend not to see an impending scare so you don't annoy the actors.\\nIf you see an actor setting up a scare for someone in your group, don't try to help by pointing it out to them. That will irritate the actor and might cause them to turn on you, instead.\\nTelling your friends that they're about to be scared also makes it less fun for them.\\nFor example, if you see an actor peeking out from behind a curtain, don’t say, “Kate, watch out!” Let the scene happen on its own.\\n1-5. Stay on the marked path to avoid getting cornered by a monster.\\nLeaving the group you are with or straying behind the scenes is asking for trouble. If an actor finds you alone, they'll likely pick on you. Don't stray from the route you're supposed to follow.\\nIf you aren’t sure where to go, follow the group in front of you.\\nLeaving the path can be dangerous, too. There are hazards, like electrical cords and other items, that are intentionally hidden.\\nIf a room or door is marked “Staff Only” or \\\"Emergency Exit,\\\" don’t enter it.\\n1-6. Move at a quick pace so the actors have less time to prepare a scare.\\nKeep moving through the house and don’t hesitate too long at one scene or walk too slowly. Getting to the next room or scene quickly not only gets you out of the house faster, it prevents the actors from planning an elaborate scare.\\nNever run. Running in a haunted house can be dangerous and destructive.\\n2. Interacting with the Actors\\n2-1. Avoid asking the actors not to scare you.\\nSaying something like, “Leave me alone!” or “Please don’t scare me!” will only encourage them to try even harder to scare you. It’s best to keep quiet and blend into the rest of the group so you aren’t an easy target.\\nKeep in mind that usually, if an actor notices someone is genuinely upset or very frightened, they’ll back off.\\n2-2. Keep your hands to yourself and don’t touch the actors.\\nMany haunted houses have rules against touching the staff. But even if this isn't explicitly mentioned, grabbing, pushing, or hitting the actors is liable to get you thrown out, and possibly even arrested.\\nSome light bumping or brushing against other people is normal and expected.\\nApologize immediately if you accidentally knock into an actor.\\nIf you have a tendency to strike out when scared, have a friend agree to hold your \\\"hitting hand\\\" to keep you from doing so or keep your hands in your pockets.\\n2-3. Stay on the actors' good sides by not trying to scare them.\\nFirst, attempting to frighten the actors probably won’t work and will just make you look foolish. Plus, they’re there to do their job (which is to scare you) and if you’re getting in the way of that, you’re being disrespectful. They'll definitely \\\"punish\\\" you for it by trying even harder to frighten you later on.\\nIt’s not funny to ask for an actor’s phone number or comment on how hot they are.\\nHarassing them can get you escorted off the property.\\nDon't try to get the actors to break character. They won't do it and it will just make them angry.\\n2-4. Ask to leave the house only if you’re too scared to continue.\\nDo not request to be taken out unless you genuinely want to leave. A false alarm will irritate actors who have to break character to escort you out. Use a strong, clear voice to be heard over the noise and show you're serious about leaving.\\nSome haunted houses have safe words or phrases for guests to use in the event they want to leave. For example, it might be “I want my Mommy.”\\nFind out before you enter the house what the guidelines are for leaving.\\n3. Dressing Appropriately\\n3-1. Wear dark-colored clothes so that you’re harder to see.\\nHaunted houses are often very dark with poor lighting, so choosing clothing that’s equally dark will help you blend in. Look for pieces that are black, navy, dark gray, or a deep purple.\\nAvoid neon colors or bright white clothes that stand out, especially if the haunted house has a black light.\\nPay attention to your footwear, too. Dark boots or black tennis shoes are both good options.\\n3-2. Cover up with a long-sleeved shirt and pants to hide your goosebumps.\\nYou get goosebumps when you’re scared, so those tiny dots all over your arms and legs are a dead giveaway to actors. Wear a long-sleeved T-shirt or a hoodie and pants that cover your ankles.\\nIf you get cold easily, add layers like an additional sweatshirt or jacket, too, to prevent goosebumps from the chilly air.\\n3-3. Choose a large, puffy coat to look more intimidating.\\nWhile an oversized coat might not make you blend in, it will make you appear larger. Actors may mistake your size for muscle and they won’t want to mess with you.\\nLook for down parkas or ski jackets with extra padding.\\nWearing a heavy sweatshirt underneath your coat will make you even bigger.\\n3-4. Leave the masks at home.\\nMost haunted houses don't allow masks to be worn, except on special occasions. If you're allowed to wear a mask on that day, remove it before approaching the ticket booth or a police officer or security guard on duty.\\nWearing a mask in the haunted house might make others mistake you for an actor.\\nIf masks are allowed, make sure yours isn’t offensive or overly gruesome. There may be kids at the haunted house.\\nTips\\nMaking fun of actors or attempting to break their character is neither witty nor amusing.\\nDon't tell actors to stop scaring your kids. If you think your kids can't handle it, don't go in or leave the kids at home with a babysitter.\\nMost houses will allow you to request a \\\"low\\\" scare or a \\\"high\\\" scare if you feel the need.\\nWarnings\\nDo not run. You could destroy the house or hurt yourself and others.\\nDo not touch the actors. Do not hit, kick, push, bite, slap, lick, scratch, or otherwise assault actors.\\nNever go to a haunted house while you’re drunk or on drugs. You won't have fun, your friends won't have fun, the actors won't have fun, and you could be a danger to yourself and others.\\nDon't smoke in the house.\\nDon't bring flashlights. Bringing flashlights ruin the whole effect that most houses often try to create.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Ghosts, zombies, clowns, oh my! Haunted houses are a fun part of Halloween, until one of the monsters singles you out and turns your night into a nightmare. If you're planning on visiting a haunted house this fall, survive the scares by blending in with your group and respecting the actors. Now, enter at your own risk!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Going through the House\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid pretending not to be afraid if you don’t want to be targeted.\", \"描述\": \"Acting tough or saying “I’m not scared” indicates to the actors that you actually are. They’ll likely try even harder to frighten you or pick on you.\\nPretending like you don’t care also makes it less fun for your friends.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Walk in the middle of your group so your friends get scared first.\", \"描述\": \"Always keep someone between you and the actors so you have a lower chance of being the one singled out. This includes your backside, too. Make sure there's always someone behind you.\\nIf there are only 2 or 3 of you, walk as close as possible to your friends. Then, if something jumps out, you can hide behind them.\\nThe 1st and 2nd spots where you'll experience the most scares are the front or the back of the group.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Refrain from scaring other house-goers, which frustrates the actors.\", \"描述\": \"The actors are the ones who should be doing the scaring, not you. Let them do their jobs by just walking through and experiencing the house instead of trying to be a part of it.\\nIf one of your friends is scaring people on purpose, firmly ask them to stop. You don’t want to get kicked out because they’re being obnoxious.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pretend not to see an impending scare so you don't annoy the actors.\", \"描述\": \"If you see an actor setting up a scare for someone in your group, don't try to help by pointing it out to them. That will irritate the actor and might cause them to turn on you, instead.\\nTelling your friends that they're about to be scared also makes it less fun for them.\\nFor example, if you see an actor peeking out from behind a curtain, don’t say, “Kate, watch out!” Let the scene happen on its own.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Stay on the marked path to avoid getting cornered by a monster.\", \"描述\": \"Leaving the group you are with or straying behind the scenes is asking for trouble. If an actor finds you alone, they'll likely pick on you. Don't stray from the route you're supposed to follow.\\nIf you aren’t sure where to go, follow the group in front of you.\\nLeaving the path can be dangerous, too. There are hazards, like electrical cords and other items, that are intentionally hidden.\\nIf a room or door is marked “Staff Only” or \\\"Emergency Exit,\\\" don’t enter it.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Move at a quick pace so the actors have less time to prepare a scare.\", \"描述\": \"Keep moving through the house and don’t hesitate too long at one scene or walk too slowly. Getting to the next room or scene quickly not only gets you out of the house faster, it prevents the actors from planning an elaborate scare.\\nNever run. Running in a haunted house can be dangerous and destructive.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Interacting with the Actors\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid asking the actors not to scare you.\", \"描述\": \"Saying something like, “Leave me alone!” or “Please don’t scare me!” will only encourage them to try even harder to scare you. It’s best to keep quiet and blend into the rest of the group so you aren’t an easy target.\\nKeep in mind that usually, if an actor notices someone is genuinely upset or very frightened, they’ll back off.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep your hands to yourself and don’t touch the actors.\", \"描述\": \"Many haunted houses have rules against touching the staff. But even if this isn't explicitly mentioned, grabbing, pushing, or hitting the actors is liable to get you thrown out, and possibly even arrested.\\nSome light bumping or brushing against other people is normal and expected.\\nApologize immediately if you accidentally knock into an actor.\\nIf you have a tendency to strike out when scared, have a friend agree to hold your \\\"hitting hand\\\" to keep you from doing so or keep your hands in your pockets.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stay on the actors' good sides by not trying to scare them.\", \"描述\": \"First, attempting to frighten the actors probably won’t work and will just make you look foolish. Plus, they’re there to do their job (which is to scare you) and if you’re getting in the way of that, you’re being disrespectful. They'll definitely \\\"punish\\\" you for it by trying even harder to frighten you later on.\\nIt’s not funny to ask for an actor’s phone number or comment on how hot they are.\\nHarassing them can get you escorted off the property.\\nDon't try to get the actors to break character. They won't do it and it will just make them angry.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ask to leave the house only if you’re too scared to continue.\", \"描述\": \"Do not request to be taken out unless you genuinely want to leave. A false alarm will irritate actors who have to break character to escort you out. Use a strong, clear voice to be heard over the noise and show you're serious about leaving.\\nSome haunted houses have safe words or phrases for guests to use in the event they want to leave. For example, it might be “I want my Mommy.”\\nFind out before you enter the house what the guidelines are for leaving.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Dressing Appropriately\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wear dark-colored clothes so that you’re harder to see.\", \"描述\": \"Haunted houses are often very dark with poor lighting, so choosing clothing that’s equally dark will help you blend in. Look for pieces that are black, navy, dark gray, or a deep purple.\\nAvoid neon colors or bright white clothes that stand out, especially if the haunted house has a black light.\\nPay attention to your footwear, too. Dark boots or black tennis shoes are both good options.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Cover up with a long-sleeved shirt and pants to hide your goosebumps.\", \"描述\": \"You get goosebumps when you’re scared, so those tiny dots all over your arms and legs are a dead giveaway to actors. Wear a long-sleeved T-shirt or a hoodie and pants that cover your ankles.\\nIf you get cold easily, add layers like an additional sweatshirt or jacket, too, to prevent goosebumps from the chilly air.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Choose a large, puffy coat to look more intimidating.\", \"描述\": \"While an oversized coat might not make you blend in, it will make you appear larger. Actors may mistake your size for muscle and they won’t want to mess with you.\\nLook for down parkas or ski jackets with extra padding.\\nWearing a heavy sweatshirt underneath your coat will make you even bigger.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Leave the masks at home.\", \"描述\": \"Most haunted houses don't allow masks to be worn, except on special occasions. If you're allowed to wear a mask on that day, remove it before approaching the ticket booth or a police officer or security guard on duty.\\nWearing a mask in the haunted house might make others mistake you for an actor.\\nIf masks are allowed, make sure yours isn’t offensive or overly gruesome. There may be kids at the haunted house.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Making fun of actors or attempting to break their character is neither witty nor amusing.\\n\", \"Don't tell actors to stop scaring your kids. If you think your kids can't handle it, don't go in or leave the kids at home with a babysitter.\\n\", \"Most houses will allow you to request a \\\"low\\\" scare or a \\\"high\\\" scare if you feel the need.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not run. You could destroy the house or hurt yourself and others.\\n\", \"Do not touch the actors. Do not hit, kick, push, bite, slap, lick, scratch, or otherwise assault actors.\\n\", \"Never go to a haunted house while you’re drunk or on drugs. You won't have fun, your friends won't have fun, the actors won't have fun, and you could be a danger to yourself and others.\\n\", \"Don't smoke in the house.\\n\", \"Don't bring flashlights. Bringing flashlights ruin the whole effect that most houses often try to create.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,222 | How to Avoid Tolls when Driving in New York | 1. Avoiding Tolls Altogether
1-1. Learn where you can expect big tolls.
This way, you'll know when you need to be vigilant about switching up your route. This is especially important if you're just getting used to a commute and need to know which roads to avoid.
There are many online tools you can use to find tolls. There are websites that allow you to enter your planned route that can show you any tolls.
Be aware, toll prices do change. Tolls may be more expensive than posted online. On the chance you find a toll you cannot avoid, make sure to carry more cash than you need in case the toll has increased.
1-2. Look for toll free bridges.
If you're in New York City, you may need to get between boroughs. Certain bridges in New York have hefty tolls, so opt for toll free bridges when possible. The following bridges in New York are toll free:
The Brooklyn Bridge
The Manhattan Bridge
The Williamsburg Bridge
The Queensboro Bridge
1-3. Avoid the turnpike.
If you commute into the city and use the New Jersey Turnpike, tolls can be quite high. This can be easily avoided by taking Routes 1 and 1/9, which are toll free.
Account for time, however. Taking Routes 1 and 1/9 may take longer than the turnpike depending on traffic. Get a time estimate using a GPS device prior to leaving your home.
1-4. Explore alternative routes.
This is among the best ways to avoid tolls. If you can find a back road to take, or a road free of tolls, this is a great way to avoid paying hefty tolls.
You may be able to avoid tolls by foregoing the highway. If you can get where you're going by driving through main streets and residential areas, this may be a great way to avoid tolls.
1-5. Use technology to skip tolls.
If you're unsure of an alternative route, make use of technology. GPS maps can help you find a toll free route, or a route with limited tolls.
Google Maps can be used to find a toll free routes in your area. You can select the option of finding a route without tolls.
Wave, another GPS app, can also be used to avoid tolls. You would simply go to "Settings," then "Navigation" and select the option "Avoid Toll Roads."
1-6. Make sure to account for time.
While skipping toll roads can save you money, always check traffic. Routes that are toll free often run through residential areas. Traffic may be heavy, and you may hit a lot of lights. If you're driving to avoid tolls, you may want to give yourself extra time.
2. Lowering the Cost of Tolls
2-1. Carpool.
If you're driving in a carpool lane, your tolls will generally be cheaper. Consider carpooling to work to avoid paying hefty tolls.
You can network with coworkers who live in your area. See if they would be interested in carpooling to work on a regular basis.
Some people pick up hitchhikers to avoid tolls. You should refrain from doing so, as toll workers may get suspicious and this can also be dangerous.
2-2. Invest in an E-Z Pass account and box.
This is an electronic toll payment that sometimes offers cheaper rates than paying tolls directly. For example, crossing the Verrazano Bridge without an EZ pass costs $16. Crossing it with an E-Z Pass is only $11.08.
There are usually not specific requirements to sign up for an E-Z Pass. However, your car needs to be registered in New York.
E-Z pass has a variety of plans to choose from. Browse plans before settling on one to find a plan that's cost effective for you.
2-3. Watch out for increases in tolls.
Tolls do increase all the time. Even with an E-Z Pass box, and when taking the carpool lane, you could be in for a sudden increase in price. Make sure to be vigilant when going through a toll road. Listen to how much you're being charged. If tolls go up suddenly, consider looking for an alternative route with cheaper tolls or no tolls.
3. Exploring Alternative Options
3-1. Consider public transportation.
If you can take a metro, train, or bus to your destination, this will usually be cheaper than taking a toll. Use Google Maps or a similar application to see how your route would look taking public transportation.
You usually have to get some kind of pass to take public transportation, so look into rates. Even if passes are expensive, they're usually cheaper than paying a toll every day.
Make sure to account for time. Public transportation usually takes longer than driving, so make sure to leave earlier than normal. Give yourself extra time in case you miss a train or a bus.
3-2. Try biking, if possible.
It may be dangerous to bike to your destination. However, if you can bike through side streets and residential areas, this can be a great alternative to driving. In addition to saving you money, biking is eco friendly and can give you some exercise.
Always be alert while you're biking—you want to be able to hear what's going on and hear the people around you.
3-3. Limit your need for driving.
There's a good chance you're driving more than you need to. Look into ways you can avoid driving every day, as this will result in you paying less tolls.
Try ordering more online. Use sites like Amazon to order items instead of driving out to a store.
Ask your work about telecommuting. In many jobs, you don't necessarily need to be present in the office every day. If you can telecommute some days, this will cut down on money spent on tolls.
Warnings
When avoiding tolls, always check traffic beforehand. Avoiding a $6.50 toll is not worth sitting in traffic for an hour.
It appears that as of 2017, all bridges TO NY from NJ has tolls - except if you go all the way upriver to Albany. Opposite direction appears to be toll free. Internally within NY, you can avoid tolls by selecting the right roads using Google Maps.
Typically $15 cash toll, and some time in 2017 all bridges will become cashless - impossible to pay with cash. Something to watch out for if you have a rental car as it can cause extra fees!
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:32",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Avoiding Tolls Altogether\\n1-1. Learn where you can expect big tolls.\\nThis way, you'll know when you need to be vigilant about switching up your route. This is especially important if you're just getting used to a commute and need to know which roads to avoid.\\nThere are many online tools you can use to find tolls. There are websites that allow you to enter your planned route that can show you any tolls.\\nBe aware, toll prices do change. Tolls may be more expensive than posted online. On the chance you find a toll you cannot avoid, make sure to carry more cash than you need in case the toll has increased.\\n1-2. Look for toll free bridges.\\nIf you're in New York City, you may need to get between boroughs. Certain bridges in New York have hefty tolls, so opt for toll free bridges when possible. The following bridges in New York are toll free:\\nThe Brooklyn Bridge\\nThe Manhattan Bridge\\nThe Williamsburg Bridge\\nThe Queensboro Bridge\\n1-3. Avoid the turnpike.\\nIf you commute into the city and use the New Jersey Turnpike, tolls can be quite high. This can be easily avoided by taking Routes 1 and 1/9, which are toll free.\\nAccount for time, however. Taking Routes 1 and 1/9 may take longer than the turnpike depending on traffic. Get a time estimate using a GPS device prior to leaving your home.\\n1-4. Explore alternative routes.\\nThis is among the best ways to avoid tolls. If you can find a back road to take, or a road free of tolls, this is a great way to avoid paying hefty tolls.\\nYou may be able to avoid tolls by foregoing the highway. If you can get where you're going by driving through main streets and residential areas, this may be a great way to avoid tolls.\\n1-5. Use technology to skip tolls.\\nIf you're unsure of an alternative route, make use of technology. GPS maps can help you find a toll free route, or a route with limited tolls.\\nGoogle Maps can be used to find a toll free routes in your area. You can select the option of finding a route without tolls.\\nWave, another GPS app, can also be used to avoid tolls. You would simply go to \\\"Settings,\\\" then \\\"Navigation\\\" and select the option \\\"Avoid Toll Roads.\\\"\\n1-6. Make sure to account for time.\\nWhile skipping toll roads can save you money, always check traffic. Routes that are toll free often run through residential areas. Traffic may be heavy, and you may hit a lot of lights. If you're driving to avoid tolls, you may want to give yourself extra time.\\n2. Lowering the Cost of Tolls\\n2-1. Carpool.\\nIf you're driving in a carpool lane, your tolls will generally be cheaper. Consider carpooling to work to avoid paying hefty tolls.\\nYou can network with coworkers who live in your area. See if they would be interested in carpooling to work on a regular basis.\\nSome people pick up hitchhikers to avoid tolls. You should refrain from doing so, as toll workers may get suspicious and this can also be dangerous.\\n2-2. Invest in an E-Z Pass account and box.\\nThis is an electronic toll payment that sometimes offers cheaper rates than paying tolls directly. For example, crossing the Verrazano Bridge without an EZ pass costs $16. Crossing it with an E-Z Pass is only $11.08.\\nThere are usually not specific requirements to sign up for an E-Z Pass. However, your car needs to be registered in New York.\\nE-Z pass has a variety of plans to choose from. Browse plans before settling on one to find a plan that's cost effective for you.\\n2-3. Watch out for increases in tolls.\\nTolls do increase all the time. Even with an E-Z Pass box, and when taking the carpool lane, you could be in for a sudden increase in price. Make sure to be vigilant when going through a toll road. Listen to how much you're being charged. If tolls go up suddenly, consider looking for an alternative route with cheaper tolls or no tolls.\\n3. Exploring Alternative Options\\n3-1. Consider public transportation.\\nIf you can take a metro, train, or bus to your destination, this will usually be cheaper than taking a toll. Use Google Maps or a similar application to see how your route would look taking public transportation.\\nYou usually have to get some kind of pass to take public transportation, so look into rates. Even if passes are expensive, they're usually cheaper than paying a toll every day.\\nMake sure to account for time. Public transportation usually takes longer than driving, so make sure to leave earlier than normal. Give yourself extra time in case you miss a train or a bus.\\n3-2. Try biking, if possible.\\nIt may be dangerous to bike to your destination. However, if you can bike through side streets and residential areas, this can be a great alternative to driving. In addition to saving you money, biking is eco friendly and can give you some exercise.\\nAlways be alert while you're biking—you want to be able to hear what's going on and hear the people around you.\\n3-3. Limit your need for driving.\\nThere's a good chance you're driving more than you need to. Look into ways you can avoid driving every day, as this will result in you paying less tolls.\\nTry ordering more online. Use sites like Amazon to order items instead of driving out to a store.\\nAsk your work about telecommuting. In many jobs, you don't necessarily need to be present in the office every day. If you can telecommute some days, this will cut down on money spent on tolls.\\nWarnings\\nWhen avoiding tolls, always check traffic beforehand. Avoiding a $6.50 toll is not worth sitting in traffic for an hour.\\nIt appears that as of 2017, all bridges TO NY from NJ has tolls - except if you go all the way upriver to Albany. Opposite direction appears to be toll free. Internally within NY, you can avoid tolls by selecting the right roads using Google Maps.\\nTypically $15 cash toll, and some time in 2017 all bridges will become cashless - impossible to pay with cash. Something to watch out for if you have a rental car as it can cause extra fees!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"New York tolls can get really expensive. Tolls tend to rise over time, and if you have a commute every day expenses can really add up. You can find ways to avoid tolls all together by being open to alternative routes. You can also reduce the cost of tolls by carpooling more often and investing in an EZ pass. Explore alternatives to driving. You can bike or take public transportation to get out of paying tolls.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Tolls Altogether\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn where you can expect big tolls.\", \"描述\": \"This way, you'll know when you need to be vigilant about switching up your route. This is especially important if you're just getting used to a commute and need to know which roads to avoid.\\nThere are many online tools you can use to find tolls. There are websites that allow you to enter your planned route that can show you any tolls.\\nBe aware, toll prices do change. Tolls may be more expensive than posted online. On the chance you find a toll you cannot avoid, make sure to carry more cash than you need in case the toll has increased.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look for toll free bridges.\", \"描述\": \"If you're in New York City, you may need to get between boroughs. Certain bridges in New York have hefty tolls, so opt for toll free bridges when possible. The following bridges in New York are toll free:\\nThe Brooklyn Bridge\\nThe Manhattan Bridge\\nThe Williamsburg Bridge\\nThe Queensboro Bridge\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid the turnpike.\", \"描述\": \"If you commute into the city and use the New Jersey Turnpike, tolls can be quite high. This can be easily avoided by taking Routes 1 and 1/9, which are toll free.\\nAccount for time, however. Taking Routes 1 and 1/9 may take longer than the turnpike depending on traffic. Get a time estimate using a GPS device prior to leaving your home.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Explore alternative routes.\", \"描述\": \"This is among the best ways to avoid tolls. If you can find a back road to take, or a road free of tolls, this is a great way to avoid paying hefty tolls.\\nYou may be able to avoid tolls by foregoing the highway. If you can get where you're going by driving through main streets and residential areas, this may be a great way to avoid tolls.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Use technology to skip tolls.\", \"描述\": \"If you're unsure of an alternative route, make use of technology. GPS maps can help you find a toll free route, or a route with limited tolls.\\nGoogle Maps can be used to find a toll free routes in your area. You can select the option of finding a route without tolls.\\nWave, another GPS app, can also be used to avoid tolls. You would simply go to \\\"Settings,\\\" then \\\"Navigation\\\" and select the option \\\"Avoid Toll Roads.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Make sure to account for time.\", \"描述\": \"While skipping toll roads can save you money, always check traffic. Routes that are toll free often run through residential areas. Traffic may be heavy, and you may hit a lot of lights. If you're driving to avoid tolls, you may want to give yourself extra time.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lowering the Cost of Tolls\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Carpool.\", \"描述\": \"If you're driving in a carpool lane, your tolls will generally be cheaper. Consider carpooling to work to avoid paying hefty tolls.\\nYou can network with coworkers who live in your area. See if they would be interested in carpooling to work on a regular basis.\\nSome people pick up hitchhikers to avoid tolls. You should refrain from doing so, as toll workers may get suspicious and this can also be dangerous.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Invest in an E-Z Pass account and box.\", \"描述\": \"This is an electronic toll payment that sometimes offers cheaper rates than paying tolls directly. For example, crossing the Verrazano Bridge without an EZ pass costs $16. Crossing it with an E-Z Pass is only $11.08.\\nThere are usually not specific requirements to sign up for an E-Z Pass. However, your car needs to be registered in New York.\\nE-Z pass has a variety of plans to choose from. Browse plans before settling on one to find a plan that's cost effective for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Watch out for increases in tolls.\", \"描述\": \"Tolls do increase all the time. Even with an E-Z Pass box, and when taking the carpool lane, you could be in for a sudden increase in price. Make sure to be vigilant when going through a toll road. Listen to how much you're being charged. If tolls go up suddenly, consider looking for an alternative route with cheaper tolls or no tolls.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Exploring Alternative Options\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider public transportation.\", \"描述\": \"If you can take a metro, train, or bus to your destination, this will usually be cheaper than taking a toll. Use Google Maps or a similar application to see how your route would look taking public transportation.\\nYou usually have to get some kind of pass to take public transportation, so look into rates. Even if passes are expensive, they're usually cheaper than paying a toll every day.\\nMake sure to account for time. Public transportation usually takes longer than driving, so make sure to leave earlier than normal. Give yourself extra time in case you miss a train or a bus.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try biking, if possible.\", \"描述\": \"It may be dangerous to bike to your destination. However, if you can bike through side streets and residential areas, this can be a great alternative to driving. In addition to saving you money, biking is eco friendly and can give you some exercise.\\nAlways be alert while you're biking—you want to be able to hear what's going on and hear the people around you.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Limit your need for driving.\", \"描述\": \"There's a good chance you're driving more than you need to. Look into ways you can avoid driving every day, as this will result in you paying less tolls.\\nTry ordering more online. Use sites like Amazon to order items instead of driving out to a store.\\nAsk your work about telecommuting. In many jobs, you don't necessarily need to be present in the office every day. If you can telecommute some days, this will cut down on money spent on tolls.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"When avoiding tolls, always check traffic beforehand. Avoiding a $6.50 toll is not worth sitting in traffic for an hour.\\n\", \"It appears that as of 2017, all bridges TO NY from NJ has tolls - except if you go all the way upriver to Albany. Opposite direction appears to be toll free. Internally within NY, you can avoid tolls by selecting the right roads using Google Maps.\\n\", \"Typically $15 cash toll, and some time in 2017 all bridges will become cashless - impossible to pay with cash. Something to watch out for if you have a rental car as it can cause extra fees!\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,223 | How to Avoid Traffic Around Washington, D.C | 1. Planning Your Travels
1-1. Change the time you're driving.
Sometimes, a simple change of time can affect the difficulty of your morning commute. Try to leave before or after rush hour to avoid traffic and cut down on driving time.
Usually, the morning commute is difficult in major cities. Therefore, opt to leave an hour earlier than usual. It may take awhile to adjust to the change in your sleeping patterns, but it will be worth it to make it work on time and avoid the rush. Coming out of your neighborhood, a change of 15 minutes in your departure time may make a huge difference in your commute.
You should also plan to avoid rush hour. As many people tend to get off work around 5, you can expect a lot of traffic from 5 to 6. If you want to make evening plans, plan to make them for later at night to avoid getting stuck in rush hour. In Washington, an enormous number of people work for the Federal government. The Feds have Flex Time and some folks who get in extra early may be leaving at 2:30 or 3:00. Rush hour starts earlier and ends later. Construction workers also start early and leave early as well. This could be a local or neighborhood problem.
1-2. Try alternative routes.
Popular highways, like I-95 and I-70, may be packed during certain times of the day in DC. Instead of going on those highways, there are alternative routes you can take that may get you to your destinationfaster. Be flexible. Use several alternates as more people are using alternative routes.
Many people must drive from I-270 to I-70 west to I-68 west to catch one of the exits on I-68. As traffic can get bad here, instead try to take Route 44 and Alternate 40. This should get you in roughly the same area, and much of the road is historically preserved. Not only is there less traffic, you'll get a good view as you drive.
If you're trying to get to DC's Chesapeake Expressway/I-464/Route 17, there is an alternative route you can take instead of going through major highways. Try taking route 17 south at Exit 126 and take it to I-64. This will keep you from the major highway congestion.
You can also try taking main roads over the highways on days where traffic is particularly congested.
1-3. Leave early or late on Fridays.
On Fridays, the roads will be particularly packed as drivers are getting off work. People who commute from the suburbs may clog the highway after work. From 5 to 6PM, it's a bad idea to take any major highways in DC. If you do need to meet someone around 6 or 7 on a Friday, take public transportation or choose a route that does not require driving on the highways. Better yet, leave late on a Thursday. Around major holidays, people arrange their schedule to leave earlier and earlier. If you're up to it, late night driving can be the best although you may have to contend with folks who are leaving the bars to go home.
1-4. Be prepared for delays on Tuesday mornings.
In major cities, like LA, New York, and DC, Tuesday morning commutes tend to be the worst. Therefore, leave earlier than usual on Tuesdays for work or other obligations. You should also strive to stay off major highways if possible on Tuesdays. You may find that the heaviest traffic may occur on other days for your route or neighborhood. Federal flex time and working at home helps the traffic somewhat but unless more businesses allow working from home, the situation will continue to worsen.
2. Using Technology
2-1. Listen to traffic updates on the radio.
Sometimes, traffic patterns are unpredictable. While things like rush hour and morning traffic have some pattern, things like accidents and construction can delay traffic in unexpected ways. It's a good idea to tune to a traffic radio station in your area.
WTOP in DC offers traffic reports and updates on accidents and construction. You can tune into their radio station while driving, and you can also quickly check the website's traffic section before going out the door in the morning.
In the event unusual circumstances, like a car accident, are delaying traffic, you'll be able to quickly plan an alternative route to avoid traffic. Be attentive to special events - sports games, political events - even the smallest of protests can have a major effect on traffic. Waze. Waze is a smart phone application that alerts you to traffic build ups. It can reroute your journey in the event that bad traffic will cause you delays.
Waze usually alerts you where a traffic buildup is located. It also marks unusual traffic by placing red bands over patches of highway that are congested by cars. It will then tell you how much the delay will be, and offer you an alternative route if necessary.
In addition to alerting you about traffic, Waze can also know where you're likely to find police officers en route. This can help you avoid speed traps and tickets.
2-2. Check Google Maps.
Google Maps also provides time estimates based on traffic. Usually, when you punch in your destination, Google Maps offers several different routes. The time estimates for this route are based on the current traffic. Using Google Maps, you can see where you're likely to encounter traffic and adjust your trip accordingly.
2-3. Sirius/XM Radio have stations dedicated to traffic reports in some major cities.
You won't have to wait for "Traffic on the fives."
3. Trying Alternative Travel Options
3-1. Consider opting for public transportation.
In DC, there are metros that may be faster than driving on some days. Metros run on a train line, so they will not be affected by traffic delays. You can look up metro routes online, or find routes using GPS apps like Google Maps. If a metro can get you to your destination quicker than driving, you may want to opt for public transportation that day. Update: For Metro bus, this may be true although I've never found the bus any faster. Due to safety concerns, Metrorail is and will become a mess as repair work will continue throughout the next year. And the fares and parking at stations have increased to the point where it is certainly cheaper to drive. Even with traffic, using the train may not save any time at all. Experiment. Be flexible. Your mileage my vary.
In addition to saving you time, taking the metro can also save you money. You'll only pay a small fee to board, and you'll end up stocking up on gas less often.
You can also try taking a bus, but keep in mind busses will generally be as affected by traffic as cars.
3-2. Walk, if it's a short distance.
If you can manage to walk, this may be quicker. You will be able to use sidewalks, which are unclogged by cars. If the distance is reasonable, and you're a seasoned walker, it may be quicker to walk most days.
DC can be a high stress city. In addition to saving you time, getting in some walking regularly can help you manage stress.
If you're not in shape, take it slow. Do not start walking 2 miles (3.2 km) to and from work every day. Spend a week or so taking small walks around your neighborhood before attempting to walk to work instead of driving.
3-3. Invest in a bike.
Washington DC is home to a lot of bike trails. If you enjoy biking, see if a bike trail can take you reasonably close to where you need to be. If you can make it by bicycle, this may sometimes be quicker than driving due to traffic. Much like walking, biking is a form of exercise, so it can reduce stress as well.
Be careful when biking in or near the street. You should always wear a helmet and other protective gear.
Check out Capital Bikeshare. For local, in town trips, this may be a great option if bike stations are close by. Be extra careful of the cars though. Full of frustrated drivers. Obey all traffic laws. Blowing through a red light or stop sign will easily get you a trip to the hospital and a traffic ticket. Please stay safe! Wear a helmet. A reflective vest would be a great idea.
4. Dealing with Traffic
4-1. Remain calm.
Even with proper planning, everyone gets caught in traffic on occasion. In a big city like DC, a delay due to traffic is inevitable. In the event you're caught in traffic, remain calm. Getting upset or anxious will only make the situation worse.
Try to take a few deep, calming breaths. When driving, you want to be relaxed enough to focus on the road. Stress or anger over traffic can cause anger.
Find a way to take your mind off the situation. Play a song you like or a podcast over the car's radio. Listen to a book on tape. Turn on the radio and find a calm, relaxing station. Resist the temptation to text, email or play games on your phone. Remember, hands free calling only. It's the law.
4-2. Keep pace with the other cars.
You do not want to make a traffic jam worse for yourself or other cars. Maintain an equal distance between the car behind you and the car ahead. Make sure to drive at the same speed as the cars behind you. Try not to accelerate to catch up to the car behind you, as this may force other drivers to slow down suddenly. This will make the traffic jam worse.
4-3. Let people know if you'll be running late due to traffic.
Traffic delays among the most common reasons for tardiness in urban areas. If you're going to be late, call and let people know ahead of time. Be careful when dialing a number when driving, however, Make sure to wait until cars are paused on the highway.
Do not make tardiness due to traffic a habit. While it's understandable that this will happen on occasion, at a certain point your boss or your associates will expect you to work around traffic delays.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:32",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Planning Your Travels\\n1-1. Change the time you're driving.\\nSometimes, a simple change of time can affect the difficulty of your morning commute. Try to leave before or after rush hour to avoid traffic and cut down on driving time.\\nUsually, the morning commute is difficult in major cities. Therefore, opt to leave an hour earlier than usual. It may take awhile to adjust to the change in your sleeping patterns, but it will be worth it to make it work on time and avoid the rush. Coming out of your neighborhood, a change of 15 minutes in your departure time may make a huge difference in your commute.\\nYou should also plan to avoid rush hour. As many people tend to get off work around 5, you can expect a lot of traffic from 5 to 6. If you want to make evening plans, plan to make them for later at night to avoid getting stuck in rush hour. In Washington, an enormous number of people work for the Federal government. The Feds have Flex Time and some folks who get in extra early may be leaving at 2:30 or 3:00. Rush hour starts earlier and ends later. Construction workers also start early and leave early as well. This could be a local or neighborhood problem.\\n1-2. Try alternative routes.\\nPopular highways, like I-95 and I-70, may be packed during certain times of the day in DC. Instead of going on those highways, there are alternative routes you can take that may get you to your destinationfaster. Be flexible. Use several alternates as more people are using alternative routes.\\nMany people must drive from I-270 to I-70 west to I-68 west to catch one of the exits on I-68. As traffic can get bad here, instead try to take Route 44 and Alternate 40. This should get you in roughly the same area, and much of the road is historically preserved. Not only is there less traffic, you'll get a good view as you drive.\\nIf you're trying to get to DC's Chesapeake Expressway/I-464/Route 17, there is an alternative route you can take instead of going through major highways. Try taking route 17 south at Exit 126 and take it to I-64. This will keep you from the major highway congestion.\\nYou can also try taking main roads over the highways on days where traffic is particularly congested.\\n1-3. Leave early or late on Fridays.\\nOn Fridays, the roads will be particularly packed as drivers are getting off work. People who commute from the suburbs may clog the highway after work. From 5 to 6PM, it's a bad idea to take any major highways in DC. If you do need to meet someone around 6 or 7 on a Friday, take public transportation or choose a route that does not require driving on the highways. Better yet, leave late on a Thursday. Around major holidays, people arrange their schedule to leave earlier and earlier. If you're up to it, late night driving can be the best although you may have to contend with folks who are leaving the bars to go home.\\n1-4. Be prepared for delays on Tuesday mornings.\\nIn major cities, like LA, New York, and DC, Tuesday morning commutes tend to be the worst. Therefore, leave earlier than usual on Tuesdays for work or other obligations. You should also strive to stay off major highways if possible on Tuesdays. You may find that the heaviest traffic may occur on other days for your route or neighborhood. Federal flex time and working at home helps the traffic somewhat but unless more businesses allow working from home, the situation will continue to worsen.\\n2. Using Technology\\n2-1. Listen to traffic updates on the radio.\\nSometimes, traffic patterns are unpredictable. While things like rush hour and morning traffic have some pattern, things like accidents and construction can delay traffic in unexpected ways. It's a good idea to tune to a traffic radio station in your area.\\nWTOP in DC offers traffic reports and updates on accidents and construction. You can tune into their radio station while driving, and you can also quickly check the website's traffic section before going out the door in the morning.\\nIn the event unusual circumstances, like a car accident, are delaying traffic, you'll be able to quickly plan an alternative route to avoid traffic. Be attentive to special events - sports games, political events - even the smallest of protests can have a major effect on traffic. Waze. Waze is a smart phone application that alerts you to traffic build ups. It can reroute your journey in the event that bad traffic will cause you delays.\\nWaze usually alerts you where a traffic buildup is located. It also marks unusual traffic by placing red bands over patches of highway that are congested by cars. It will then tell you how much the delay will be, and offer you an alternative route if necessary.\\nIn addition to alerting you about traffic, Waze can also know where you're likely to find police officers en route. This can help you avoid speed traps and tickets.\\n2-2. Check Google Maps.\\nGoogle Maps also provides time estimates based on traffic. Usually, when you punch in your destination, Google Maps offers several different routes. The time estimates for this route are based on the current traffic. Using Google Maps, you can see where you're likely to encounter traffic and adjust your trip accordingly.\\n2-3. Sirius/XM Radio have stations dedicated to traffic reports in some major cities.\\nYou won't have to wait for \\\"Traffic on the fives.\\\"\\n3. Trying Alternative Travel Options\\n3-1. Consider opting for public transportation.\\nIn DC, there are metros that may be faster than driving on some days. Metros run on a train line, so they will not be affected by traffic delays. You can look up metro routes online, or find routes using GPS apps like Google Maps. If a metro can get you to your destination quicker than driving, you may want to opt for public transportation that day. Update: For Metro bus, this may be true although I've never found the bus any faster. Due to safety concerns, Metrorail is and will become a mess as repair work will continue throughout the next year. And the fares and parking at stations have increased to the point where it is certainly cheaper to drive. Even with traffic, using the train may not save any time at all. Experiment. Be flexible. Your mileage my vary. \\nIn addition to saving you time, taking the metro can also save you money. You'll only pay a small fee to board, and you'll end up stocking up on gas less often.\\nYou can also try taking a bus, but keep in mind busses will generally be as affected by traffic as cars.\\n3-2. Walk, if it's a short distance.\\nIf you can manage to walk, this may be quicker. You will be able to use sidewalks, which are unclogged by cars. If the distance is reasonable, and you're a seasoned walker, it may be quicker to walk most days.\\nDC can be a high stress city. In addition to saving you time, getting in some walking regularly can help you manage stress.\\nIf you're not in shape, take it slow. Do not start walking 2 miles (3.2 km) to and from work every day. Spend a week or so taking small walks around your neighborhood before attempting to walk to work instead of driving.\\n3-3. Invest in a bike.\\nWashington DC is home to a lot of bike trails. If you enjoy biking, see if a bike trail can take you reasonably close to where you need to be. If you can make it by bicycle, this may sometimes be quicker than driving due to traffic. Much like walking, biking is a form of exercise, so it can reduce stress as well.\\nBe careful when biking in or near the street. You should always wear a helmet and other protective gear.\\nCheck out Capital Bikeshare. For local, in town trips, this may be a great option if bike stations are close by. Be extra careful of the cars though. Full of frustrated drivers. Obey all traffic laws. Blowing through a red light or stop sign will easily get you a trip to the hospital and a traffic ticket. Please stay safe! Wear a helmet. A reflective vest would be a great idea.\\n4. Dealing with Traffic\\n4-1. Remain calm.\\nEven with proper planning, everyone gets caught in traffic on occasion. In a big city like DC, a delay due to traffic is inevitable. In the event you're caught in traffic, remain calm. Getting upset or anxious will only make the situation worse.\\nTry to take a few deep, calming breaths. When driving, you want to be relaxed enough to focus on the road. Stress or anger over traffic can cause anger.\\nFind a way to take your mind off the situation. Play a song you like or a podcast over the car's radio. Listen to a book on tape. Turn on the radio and find a calm, relaxing station. Resist the temptation to text, email or play games on your phone. Remember, hands free calling only. It's the law.\\n4-2. Keep pace with the other cars.\\nYou do not want to make a traffic jam worse for yourself or other cars. Maintain an equal distance between the car behind you and the car ahead. Make sure to drive at the same speed as the cars behind you. Try not to accelerate to catch up to the car behind you, as this may force other drivers to slow down suddenly. This will make the traffic jam worse.\\n4-3. Let people know if you'll be running late due to traffic.\\nTraffic delays among the most common reasons for tardiness in urban areas. If you're going to be late, call and let people know ahead of time. Be careful when dialing a number when driving, however, Make sure to wait until cars are paused on the highway.\\nDo not make tardiness due to traffic a habit. While it's understandable that this will happen on occasion, at a certain point your boss or your associates will expect you to work around traffic delays.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"As with any large city, the traffic in Washington, D.C. can be a nightmare, particularly during rush hours. Whether you're working in the city or just visiting, it's natural to want to know how to avoid traffic around Washington, D.C. Plan your trips ahead of time, preparing yourself for delays and traffic jams. Use technology, like GPS devices and mobile apps, to figure out the fastest routes. If you end up stuck in traffic, stay calm and work through the situation.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Planning Your Travels\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Change the time you're driving.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, a simple change of time can affect the difficulty of your morning commute. Try to leave before or after rush hour to avoid traffic and cut down on driving time.\\nUsually, the morning commute is difficult in major cities. Therefore, opt to leave an hour earlier than usual. It may take awhile to adjust to the change in your sleeping patterns, but it will be worth it to make it work on time and avoid the rush. Coming out of your neighborhood, a change of 15 minutes in your departure time may make a huge difference in your commute.\\nYou should also plan to avoid rush hour. As many people tend to get off work around 5, you can expect a lot of traffic from 5 to 6. If you want to make evening plans, plan to make them for later at night to avoid getting stuck in rush hour. In Washington, an enormous number of people work for the Federal government. The Feds have Flex Time and some folks who get in extra early may be leaving at 2:30 or 3:00. Rush hour starts earlier and ends later. Construction workers also start early and leave early as well. This could be a local or neighborhood problem.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try alternative routes.\", \"描述\": \"Popular highways, like I-95 and I-70, may be packed during certain times of the day in DC. Instead of going on those highways, there are alternative routes you can take that may get you to your destinationfaster. Be flexible. Use several alternates as more people are using alternative routes.\\nMany people must drive from I-270 to I-70 west to I-68 west to catch one of the exits on I-68. As traffic can get bad here, instead try to take Route 44 and Alternate 40. This should get you in roughly the same area, and much of the road is historically preserved. Not only is there less traffic, you'll get a good view as you drive.\\nIf you're trying to get to DC's Chesapeake Expressway/I-464/Route 17, there is an alternative route you can take instead of going through major highways. Try taking route 17 south at Exit 126 and take it to I-64. This will keep you from the major highway congestion.\\nYou can also try taking main roads over the highways on days where traffic is particularly congested.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Leave early or late on Fridays.\", \"描述\": \"On Fridays, the roads will be particularly packed as drivers are getting off work. People who commute from the suburbs may clog the highway after work. From 5 to 6PM, it's a bad idea to take any major highways in DC. If you do need to meet someone around 6 or 7 on a Friday, take public transportation or choose a route that does not require driving on the highways. Better yet, leave late on a Thursday. Around major holidays, people arrange their schedule to leave earlier and earlier. If you're up to it, late night driving can be the best although you may have to contend with folks who are leaving the bars to go home.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be prepared for delays on Tuesday mornings.\", \"描述\": \"In major cities, like LA, New York, and DC, Tuesday morning commutes tend to be the worst. Therefore, leave earlier than usual on Tuesdays for work or other obligations. You should also strive to stay off major highways if possible on Tuesdays. You may find that the heaviest traffic may occur on other days for your route or neighborhood. Federal flex time and working at home helps the traffic somewhat but unless more businesses allow working from home, the situation will continue to worsen.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Technology\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Listen to traffic updates on the radio.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, traffic patterns are unpredictable. While things like rush hour and morning traffic have some pattern, things like accidents and construction can delay traffic in unexpected ways. It's a good idea to tune to a traffic radio station in your area.\\nWTOP in DC offers traffic reports and updates on accidents and construction. You can tune into their radio station while driving, and you can also quickly check the website's traffic section before going out the door in the morning.\\nIn the event unusual circumstances, like a car accident, are delaying traffic, you'll be able to quickly plan an alternative route to avoid traffic. Be attentive to special events - sports games, political events - even the smallest of protests can have a major effect on traffic. Waze. Waze is a smart phone application that alerts you to traffic build ups. It can reroute your journey in the event that bad traffic will cause you delays.\\nWaze usually alerts you where a traffic buildup is located. It also marks unusual traffic by placing red bands over patches of highway that are congested by cars. It will then tell you how much the delay will be, and offer you an alternative route if necessary.\\nIn addition to alerting you about traffic, Waze can also know where you're likely to find police officers en route. This can help you avoid speed traps and tickets.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check Google Maps.\", \"描述\": \"Google Maps also provides time estimates based on traffic. Usually, when you punch in your destination, Google Maps offers several different routes. The time estimates for this route are based on the current traffic. Using Google Maps, you can see where you're likely to encounter traffic and adjust your trip accordingly.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sirius/XM Radio have stations dedicated to traffic reports in some major cities.\", \"描述\": \"You won't have to wait for \\\"Traffic on the fives.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Trying Alternative Travel Options\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider opting for public transportation.\", \"描述\": \"In DC, there are metros that may be faster than driving on some days. Metros run on a train line, so they will not be affected by traffic delays. You can look up metro routes online, or find routes using GPS apps like Google Maps. If a metro can get you to your destination quicker than driving, you may want to opt for public transportation that day. Update: For Metro bus, this may be true although I've never found the bus any faster. Due to safety concerns, Metrorail is and will become a mess as repair work will continue throughout the next year. And the fares and parking at stations have increased to the point where it is certainly cheaper to drive. Even with traffic, using the train may not save any time at all. Experiment. Be flexible. Your mileage my vary. \\nIn addition to saving you time, taking the metro can also save you money. You'll only pay a small fee to board, and you'll end up stocking up on gas less often.\\nYou can also try taking a bus, but keep in mind busses will generally be as affected by traffic as cars.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Walk, if it's a short distance.\", \"描述\": \"If you can manage to walk, this may be quicker. You will be able to use sidewalks, which are unclogged by cars. If the distance is reasonable, and you're a seasoned walker, it may be quicker to walk most days.\\nDC can be a high stress city. In addition to saving you time, getting in some walking regularly can help you manage stress.\\nIf you're not in shape, take it slow. Do not start walking 2 miles (3.2 km) to and from work every day. Spend a week or so taking small walks around your neighborhood before attempting to walk to work instead of driving.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Invest in a bike.\", \"描述\": \"Washington DC is home to a lot of bike trails. If you enjoy biking, see if a bike trail can take you reasonably close to where you need to be. If you can make it by bicycle, this may sometimes be quicker than driving due to traffic. Much like walking, biking is a form of exercise, so it can reduce stress as well.\\nBe careful when biking in or near the street. You should always wear a helmet and other protective gear.\\nCheck out Capital Bikeshare. For local, in town trips, this may be a great option if bike stations are close by. Be extra careful of the cars though. Full of frustrated drivers. Obey all traffic laws. Blowing through a red light or stop sign will easily get you a trip to the hospital and a traffic ticket. Please stay safe! Wear a helmet. A reflective vest would be a great idea.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Dealing with Traffic\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remain calm.\", \"描述\": \"Even with proper planning, everyone gets caught in traffic on occasion. In a big city like DC, a delay due to traffic is inevitable. In the event you're caught in traffic, remain calm. Getting upset or anxious will only make the situation worse.\\nTry to take a few deep, calming breaths. When driving, you want to be relaxed enough to focus on the road. Stress or anger over traffic can cause anger.\\nFind a way to take your mind off the situation. Play a song you like or a podcast over the car's radio. Listen to a book on tape. Turn on the radio and find a calm, relaxing station. Resist the temptation to text, email or play games on your phone. Remember, hands free calling only. It's the law.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep pace with the other cars.\", \"描述\": \"You do not want to make a traffic jam worse for yourself or other cars. Maintain an equal distance between the car behind you and the car ahead. Make sure to drive at the same speed as the cars behind you. Try not to accelerate to catch up to the car behind you, as this may force other drivers to slow down suddenly. This will make the traffic jam worse.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Let people know if you'll be running late due to traffic.\", \"描述\": \"Traffic delays among the most common reasons for tardiness in urban areas. If you're going to be late, call and let people know ahead of time. Be careful when dialing a number when driving, however, Make sure to wait until cars are paused on the highway.\\nDo not make tardiness due to traffic a habit. While it's understandable that this will happen on occasion, at a certain point your boss or your associates will expect you to work around traffic delays.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,224 | How to Avoid Traffic Jams | 1. Planning Alternate Routes
1-1. Listen to traffic reports before you begin your journey.
Local television news programs often give morning and afternoon traffic reports to help commuters. Some locations also have dedicated traffic radio. Tune into these before you get in the car. If it sounds like traffic is backed up on your normal route, take one of your alternatives.
1-2. Put your GPS to work.
Many GPS systems have built-in traffic flow monitoring. These can alert you when a route is affected by a traffic jam. Some can even automatically change your route to a clearer one. Check the instructions for your model to see what capabilities it has, and how to set up the traffic monitoring features.
1-3. Use traffic apps.
The navigation tools built into most smartphones have the ability to detect traffic problems, much like dedicated GPS devices. There are also apps like Waze that you can install and use to help avoid traffic jams.
Traffic apps may have special features like real time camera feeds to view traffic conditions, or social features to help you connect with other drivers and learn about various routes.
If you just your phone to help avoid traffic jams, be sure not to check it while you are actually driving.
1-4. Don’t fear the HOV lane.
Cities that have freeways often devote one of the lanes to High Occupancy Vehicles (HOVs), or ones that have at least two people riding in them (including the driver). These almost always have fewer cars, which means less congestion. Give the HOV lane a chance and see if it helps you avoid jams.
1-5. Learn several ways to reach your destination.
Most destinations in busy locations can be reached by several ways. Before you go, look up several routes, including the fastest, the shortest, and alternatives that may take you down side-streets. You can take one of the alternatives if you expect a traffic jam, saving you time and stress.
Use maps or apps to research possible routes.
You can also ask other people which routes they take to avoid traffic congestion.
2. Changing Your Travel Plans
2-1. Avoid rush hour.
The early morning and late afternoon hours are the worst traffic times in most locations, because that is when most people are on the road commuting to and from work/school. If at all possible, avoid driving during these times. Leaving just a little bit earlier or later can help you steer clear of tailgating traffic..
If you do have to drive during rush hour, try to maintain the flow of traffic by going at a consistent speed.
2-2. Ask to change shifts at work if possible.
If you work during the day and have to drive, you still might be able to avoid rush hour. Ask your supervisor if you can change shifts so that you come in and leave earlier and later to beat the rush-hour traffic.
A more involved change is to work from home, but some employers are open to this idea. Even if you can work from home only one day a week, that means a little less time spent waiting in traffic jams.
2-3. Make the most of public transportation.
There are real benefits to public transportation, including decreased traffic overall. For you as an individual, it can be a solution for avoiding traffic jams. Modes like rail and subways bypass roads altogether. Even bus routes are usually planned to get people where they need to go efficiently. Sit back, relax, and let someone else do the driving! You can even have a nap on the journey if you wish, and unlike an ordinary car driver, buses are permitted to use bus lanes which are far less congested than other lanes reserved for other traffic.
2-4. Enjoy the freedom of two feet or wheels.
If you only have to travel a fairly short distance, try not to drive at all. If it’s a walkable distance, there’s no need to get stuck behind the wheel. You can also try cycling, especially if there are dedicated cycle lanes in your area. This can be more direct, enjoyable and is healthier than driving.
Walking and cycling are great choices for your health: you can lose weight, get exercise, and do your bit to help save the environment.
In some locations, motorcycles and scooters are allowed to drive between lanes of traffic. If this is allowed in your area, this can be another option for escaping a traffic jam.
Tips
Most traffic jams are not caused by accidents, but by drivers following too closely behind another car, requiring them to brake. This causes a chain reaction so that every car behind them has to brake, too, slowing down the flow of traffic. Keep a reasonable distance behind the car in front of you to avoid this problem.[11]
X
Expert Source
Simon MiyerovDriving Instructor
Expert Interview. 4 December 2019.
Also, agricultural workers driving slow-moving farm vehicles can cause major tailbacks and often delay other commuters' journeys. So if you work in the primary sector, avoid driving one of these during peak times.[12]
X
Research source
Another common cause of traffic jams happens when drivers refuse to let other drivers merge in when lanes reduce in number. Follow the “zipper” method to prevent this. Let one car ahead of you merge in, then move forward. Hopefully, other drivers will do the same!
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:32",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Planning Alternate Routes\\n1-1. Listen to traffic reports before you begin your journey.\\nLocal television news programs often give morning and afternoon traffic reports to help commuters. Some locations also have dedicated traffic radio. Tune into these before you get in the car. If it sounds like traffic is backed up on your normal route, take one of your alternatives.\\n1-2. Put your GPS to work.\\nMany GPS systems have built-in traffic flow monitoring. These can alert you when a route is affected by a traffic jam. Some can even automatically change your route to a clearer one. Check the instructions for your model to see what capabilities it has, and how to set up the traffic monitoring features.\\n1-3. Use traffic apps.\\nThe navigation tools built into most smartphones have the ability to detect traffic problems, much like dedicated GPS devices. There are also apps like Waze that you can install and use to help avoid traffic jams.\\nTraffic apps may have special features like real time camera feeds to view traffic conditions, or social features to help you connect with other drivers and learn about various routes.\\nIf you just your phone to help avoid traffic jams, be sure not to check it while you are actually driving.\\n1-4. Don’t fear the HOV lane.\\nCities that have freeways often devote one of the lanes to High Occupancy Vehicles (HOVs), or ones that have at least two people riding in them (including the driver). These almost always have fewer cars, which means less congestion. Give the HOV lane a chance and see if it helps you avoid jams.\\n1-5. Learn several ways to reach your destination.\\nMost destinations in busy locations can be reached by several ways. Before you go, look up several routes, including the fastest, the shortest, and alternatives that may take you down side-streets. You can take one of the alternatives if you expect a traffic jam, saving you time and stress.\\nUse maps or apps to research possible routes.\\nYou can also ask other people which routes they take to avoid traffic congestion.\\n2. Changing Your Travel Plans\\n2-1. Avoid rush hour.\\nThe early morning and late afternoon hours are the worst traffic times in most locations, because that is when most people are on the road commuting to and from work/school. If at all possible, avoid driving during these times. Leaving just a little bit earlier or later can help you steer clear of tailgating traffic..\\nIf you do have to drive during rush hour, try to maintain the flow of traffic by going at a consistent speed.\\n2-2. Ask to change shifts at work if possible.\\nIf you work during the day and have to drive, you still might be able to avoid rush hour. Ask your supervisor if you can change shifts so that you come in and leave earlier and later to beat the rush-hour traffic.\\nA more involved change is to work from home, but some employers are open to this idea. Even if you can work from home only one day a week, that means a little less time spent waiting in traffic jams.\\n2-3. Make the most of public transportation.\\nThere are real benefits to public transportation, including decreased traffic overall. For you as an individual, it can be a solution for avoiding traffic jams. Modes like rail and subways bypass roads altogether. Even bus routes are usually planned to get people where they need to go efficiently. Sit back, relax, and let someone else do the driving! You can even have a nap on the journey if you wish, and unlike an ordinary car driver, buses are permitted to use bus lanes which are far less congested than other lanes reserved for other traffic.\\n2-4. Enjoy the freedom of two feet or wheels.\\nIf you only have to travel a fairly short distance, try not to drive at all. If it’s a walkable distance, there’s no need to get stuck behind the wheel. You can also try cycling, especially if there are dedicated cycle lanes in your area. This can be more direct, enjoyable and is healthier than driving.\\nWalking and cycling are great choices for your health: you can lose weight, get exercise, and do your bit to help save the environment.\\nIn some locations, motorcycles and scooters are allowed to drive between lanes of traffic. If this is allowed in your area, this can be another option for escaping a traffic jam.\\nTips\\nMost traffic jams are not caused by accidents, but by drivers following too closely behind another car, requiring them to brake. This causes a chain reaction so that every car behind them has to brake, too, slowing down the flow of traffic. Keep a reasonable distance behind the car in front of you to avoid this problem.[11]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nSimon MiyerovDriving Instructor\\nExpert Interview. 4 December 2019.\\n\\n Also, agricultural workers driving slow-moving farm vehicles can cause major tailbacks and often delay other commuters' journeys. So if you work in the primary sector, avoid driving one of these during peak times.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nAnother common cause of traffic jams happens when drivers refuse to let other drivers merge in when lanes reduce in number. Follow the “zipper” method to prevent this. Let one car ahead of you merge in, then move forward. Hopefully, other drivers will do the same!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Nothing ruins an otherwise perfect day like getting stuck in a traffic jam. By planning your journey ahead, however, you can avoid most congestion. There are also a number of technological tools that can help you skirt traffic issues, even in real time. You can also consider changing the times you travel at and transportation methods, especially if you live in an area that is constantly prone to traffic jams. With a little planning, you'll reach your destination without raising your blood pressure.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Planning Alternate Routes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Listen to traffic reports before you begin your journey.\", \"描述\": \"Local television news programs often give morning and afternoon traffic reports to help commuters. Some locations also have dedicated traffic radio. Tune into these before you get in the car. If it sounds like traffic is backed up on your normal route, take one of your alternatives.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Put your GPS to work.\", \"描述\": \"Many GPS systems have built-in traffic flow monitoring. These can alert you when a route is affected by a traffic jam. Some can even automatically change your route to a clearer one. Check the instructions for your model to see what capabilities it has, and how to set up the traffic monitoring features.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use traffic apps.\", \"描述\": \"The navigation tools built into most smartphones have the ability to detect traffic problems, much like dedicated GPS devices. There are also apps like Waze that you can install and use to help avoid traffic jams.\\nTraffic apps may have special features like real time camera feeds to view traffic conditions, or social features to help you connect with other drivers and learn about various routes.\\nIf you just your phone to help avoid traffic jams, be sure not to check it while you are actually driving.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don’t fear the HOV lane.\", \"描述\": \"Cities that have freeways often devote one of the lanes to High Occupancy Vehicles (HOVs), or ones that have at least two people riding in them (including the driver). These almost always have fewer cars, which means less congestion. Give the HOV lane a chance and see if it helps you avoid jams.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Learn several ways to reach your destination.\", \"描述\": \"Most destinations in busy locations can be reached by several ways. Before you go, look up several routes, including the fastest, the shortest, and alternatives that may take you down side-streets. You can take one of the alternatives if you expect a traffic jam, saving you time and stress.\\nUse maps or apps to research possible routes.\\nYou can also ask other people which routes they take to avoid traffic congestion.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Changing Your Travel Plans\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid rush hour.\", \"描述\": \"The early morning and late afternoon hours are the worst traffic times in most locations, because that is when most people are on the road commuting to and from work/school. If at all possible, avoid driving during these times. Leaving just a little bit earlier or later can help you steer clear of tailgating traffic..\\nIf you do have to drive during rush hour, try to maintain the flow of traffic by going at a consistent speed.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask to change shifts at work if possible.\", \"描述\": \"If you work during the day and have to drive, you still might be able to avoid rush hour. Ask your supervisor if you can change shifts so that you come in and leave earlier and later to beat the rush-hour traffic.\\nA more involved change is to work from home, but some employers are open to this idea. Even if you can work from home only one day a week, that means a little less time spent waiting in traffic jams.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make the most of public transportation.\", \"描述\": \"There are real benefits to public transportation, including decreased traffic overall. For you as an individual, it can be a solution for avoiding traffic jams. Modes like rail and subways bypass roads altogether. Even bus routes are usually planned to get people where they need to go efficiently. Sit back, relax, and let someone else do the driving! You can even have a nap on the journey if you wish, and unlike an ordinary car driver, buses are permitted to use bus lanes which are far less congested than other lanes reserved for other traffic.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Enjoy the freedom of two feet or wheels.\", \"描述\": \"If you only have to travel a fairly short distance, try not to drive at all. If it’s a walkable distance, there’s no need to get stuck behind the wheel. You can also try cycling, especially if there are dedicated cycle lanes in your area. This can be more direct, enjoyable and is healthier than driving.\\nWalking and cycling are great choices for your health: you can lose weight, get exercise, and do your bit to help save the environment.\\nIn some locations, motorcycles and scooters are allowed to drive between lanes of traffic. If this is allowed in your area, this can be another option for escaping a traffic jam.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Most traffic jams are not caused by accidents, but by drivers following too closely behind another car, requiring them to brake. This causes a chain reaction so that every car behind them has to brake, too, slowing down the flow of traffic. Keep a reasonable distance behind the car in front of you to avoid this problem.[11]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nSimon MiyerovDriving Instructor\\nExpert Interview. 4 December 2019.\\n\\n Also, agricultural workers driving slow-moving farm vehicles can cause major tailbacks and often delay other commuters' journeys. So if you work in the primary sector, avoid driving one of these during peak times.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Another common cause of traffic jams happens when drivers refuse to let other drivers merge in when lanes reduce in number. Follow the “zipper” method to prevent this. Let one car ahead of you merge in, then move forward. Hopefully, other drivers will do the same!\\n\"]}]}}",
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3,225 | How to Avoid Trapping Your Arm While Snuggling in Bed | 1. Spooning Without Trapping Your Arm
1-1. Slide your bottom arm behind you rather than placing it under your partner.
Having your partner lie on their side. Lie down beside them. Slide your top arm over their body and your lower arm behind you. This method allows you to easily change positions throughout the night without waking the other person.
1-2. Sleep on your back with your partner resting their head or arm on your chest.
This method typically works well for those who have broad or large chests. Often seen in films, it’s a romantic position common in new relationships.
Both you and your partner should lie down on your backs in bed.
Ask your partner to slide toward you and lay their head on your chest.
With the arm underneath your partner, embrace them so that your partner’s body is positioned above your armpit area.
1-3. Try propping yourselves up on pillows in order to allow room for your lower arm.
The idea is to leave a gap under your partner where your arm can comfortably fit.
Sleep further down on the mattress and stretch your arm out above you underneath a pillow. Your feet shouldn’t hang off the bed but the extra space above your head will serve as a “landing pad” for your arm. This method requires some advance planning and the co-operation of your partner.
Try modifying your mattress if you want to be really sure of creating adequate space.
1-4. Sleep back to back while still touching.
This popular position still generates a feeling of closeness and intimacy. However, it allows you both to move your arms freely.
1-5. Communicate honestly about cuddling in bed.
It’s important to find a position that works for both of you. While you are worrying about your numb arm, your partner might be hot and uncomfortable. Talk about what works and what doesn’t, and be open to trying new routines.
2. Freeing a Trapped Arm
2-1. Try to pry your arm gently from underneath your partner.
If your arm is underneath your partner’s neck or waist, you may be able to gently remove your arm and free yourself by pushing your trapped arm down into the mattress and sliding it away.
2-2. Move your partner gently out the way in order to free your arm.
Roll closer to your partner, as if you were giving them a tighter hug. Use the momentum of the embrace to roll them gently away from your arm, which you can then free.
2-3. Wake your partner up.
If you can’t feel your arm and you can’t gently pry it loose, you might need to speak up. Be gentle but clear, saying something like: “Sweetheart, could you let me get my arm out from under you?” Even though it might feel awkward in the moment, remember that open communication is better than simmering resentment.
2-4. Suffer in silence.
If your partner is sleeping peacefully and your arm isn’t in too much agony, you might choose to wait it out. Sooner or later, he’s likely to shift positions, allowing you to free your arm. Loving relationships always entail sacrifices, and if you are able to offer one freely and without resentment, it can strengthen your bond.
Warnings
See a doctor if your arm doesn’t regain feeling within five to ten minutes of being freed. Prolonged pins and needles can be a sign of a more serious condition.[10]
X
Trustworthy Source
National Health Service (UK)
Public healthcare system of the UK
Go to source
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:32",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Spooning Without Trapping Your Arm\\n1-1. Slide your bottom arm behind you rather than placing it under your partner.\\nHaving your partner lie on their side. Lie down beside them. Slide your top arm over their body and your lower arm behind you. This method allows you to easily change positions throughout the night without waking the other person.\\n1-2. Sleep on your back with your partner resting their head or arm on your chest.\\nThis method typically works well for those who have broad or large chests. Often seen in films, it’s a romantic position common in new relationships.\\nBoth you and your partner should lie down on your backs in bed.\\nAsk your partner to slide toward you and lay their head on your chest.\\nWith the arm underneath your partner, embrace them so that your partner’s body is positioned above your armpit area.\\n1-3. Try propping yourselves up on pillows in order to allow room for your lower arm.\\nThe idea is to leave a gap under your partner where your arm can comfortably fit.\\nSleep further down on the mattress and stretch your arm out above you underneath a pillow. Your feet shouldn’t hang off the bed but the extra space above your head will serve as a “landing pad” for your arm. This method requires some advance planning and the co-operation of your partner.\\nTry modifying your mattress if you want to be really sure of creating adequate space.\\n1-4. Sleep back to back while still touching.\\nThis popular position still generates a feeling of closeness and intimacy. However, it allows you both to move your arms freely.\\n1-5. Communicate honestly about cuddling in bed.\\nIt’s important to find a position that works for both of you. While you are worrying about your numb arm, your partner might be hot and uncomfortable. Talk about what works and what doesn’t, and be open to trying new routines.\\n2. Freeing a Trapped Arm\\n2-1. Try to pry your arm gently from underneath your partner.\\nIf your arm is underneath your partner’s neck or waist, you may be able to gently remove your arm and free yourself by pushing your trapped arm down into the mattress and sliding it away.\\n2-2. Move your partner gently out the way in order to free your arm.\\nRoll closer to your partner, as if you were giving them a tighter hug. Use the momentum of the embrace to roll them gently away from your arm, which you can then free.\\n2-3. Wake your partner up.\\nIf you can’t feel your arm and you can’t gently pry it loose, you might need to speak up. Be gentle but clear, saying something like: “Sweetheart, could you let me get my arm out from under you?” Even though it might feel awkward in the moment, remember that open communication is better than simmering resentment.\\n2-4. Suffer in silence.\\nIf your partner is sleeping peacefully and your arm isn’t in too much agony, you might choose to wait it out. Sooner or later, he’s likely to shift positions, allowing you to free your arm. Loving relationships always entail sacrifices, and if you are able to offer one freely and without resentment, it can strengthen your bond.\\nWarnings\\nSee a doctor if your arm doesn’t regain feeling within five to ten minutes of being freed. Prolonged pins and needles can be a sign of a more serious condition.[10]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nNational Health Service (UK)\\nPublic healthcare system of the UK\\nGo to source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Snuggling is one of the major benefits of sleeping next to your honey. One popular method is known as “spooning,” in which both partners lie on their sides, facing the same direction, and one person puts their arms around the other. However, this position can often results in the bottom arm developing “pins and needles,” or paraesthesia, which is caused by temporary lack of blood flow to a body part. To avoid trapping your arm and having to wake your partner up to free it, you can modify your cuddling style to stay close but keep the blood flowing to both arms.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Spooning Without Trapping Your Arm\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Slide your bottom arm behind you rather than placing it under your partner.\", \"描述\": \"Having your partner lie on their side. Lie down beside them. Slide your top arm over their body and your lower arm behind you. This method allows you to easily change positions throughout the night without waking the other person.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sleep on your back with your partner resting their head or arm on your chest.\", \"描述\": \"This method typically works well for those who have broad or large chests. Often seen in films, it’s a romantic position common in new relationships.\\nBoth you and your partner should lie down on your backs in bed.\\nAsk your partner to slide toward you and lay their head on your chest.\\nWith the arm underneath your partner, embrace them so that your partner’s body is positioned above your armpit area.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Try propping yourselves up on pillows in order to allow room for your lower arm.\", \"描述\": \"The idea is to leave a gap under your partner where your arm can comfortably fit.\\nSleep further down on the mattress and stretch your arm out above you underneath a pillow. Your feet shouldn’t hang off the bed but the extra space above your head will serve as a “landing pad” for your arm. This method requires some advance planning and the co-operation of your partner.\\nTry modifying your mattress if you want to be really sure of creating adequate space.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Sleep back to back while still touching.\", \"描述\": \"This popular position still generates a feeling of closeness and intimacy. However, it allows you both to move your arms freely.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Communicate honestly about cuddling in bed.\", \"描述\": \"It’s important to find a position that works for both of you. While you are worrying about your numb arm, your partner might be hot and uncomfortable. Talk about what works and what doesn’t, and be open to trying new routines.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Freeing a Trapped Arm\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Try to pry your arm gently from underneath your partner.\", \"描述\": \"If your arm is underneath your partner’s neck or waist, you may be able to gently remove your arm and free yourself by pushing your trapped arm down into the mattress and sliding it away.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Move your partner gently out the way in order to free your arm.\", \"描述\": \"Roll closer to your partner, as if you were giving them a tighter hug. Use the momentum of the embrace to roll them gently away from your arm, which you can then free.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wake your partner up.\", \"描述\": \"If you can’t feel your arm and you can’t gently pry it loose, you might need to speak up. Be gentle but clear, saying something like: “Sweetheart, could you let me get my arm out from under you?” Even though it might feel awkward in the moment, remember that open communication is better than simmering resentment.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Suffer in silence.\", \"描述\": \"If your partner is sleeping peacefully and your arm isn’t in too much agony, you might choose to wait it out. Sooner or later, he’s likely to shift positions, allowing you to free your arm. Loving relationships always entail sacrifices, and if you are able to offer one freely and without resentment, it can strengthen your bond.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"See a doctor if your arm doesn’t regain feeling within five to ten minutes of being freed. Prolonged pins and needles can be a sign of a more serious condition.[10]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nNational Health Service (UK)\\nPublic healthcare system of the UK\\nGo to source\\n\"]}]}}",
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3,226 | How to Avoid Type 2 Diabetes | 1. Maintaining Healthy Eating Habits
1-1. Understand the connection between diet and diabetes.
Eating excessive sweets and fatty foods increases your risk for pre-diabetes and Type 2 diabetes development. You can reverse high-normal blood sugar (pre-diabetes) and reduce your risk for Type 2 Diabetes by reducing unhealthy foods, watching your portions, and eating a balanced diet.
1-2. Eat more fruits and vegetables.
Aim for seven to nine daily servings of fruit and vegetables. Frozen and dried fruits and vegetables offer some health benefits, but fresh, in-season produce always packs the most nutritional power. Try to reduce your intake of canned vegetables because they have higher salt content.
1-3. Select fruits and vegetables in a variety of rich colors.
Deeper colors often mean more nutrients, so it is best to eat a variety of different fruits and vegetables that offer an array of bright colors. Some produce to focus on includes:
Dark green veggies like broccoli, spinach, kale, and Brussels sprouts
Orange veggies like carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, and winter squash
Red fruits and vegetables like strawberries, raspberries, beets, and radishes
Yellow foods such as squash, mango, and pineapple
1-4. Eat complex carbohydrates.
Skip the pastries, cakes, fries, and other processed carbohydrates. Fill up instead on carbohydrates that are healthy, including fruits, vegetables, whole grain cereals, and fresh breads. Look for choices with high fiber content; fiber has been shown to lower blood sugar by acting as a "mop" slowing down the digestive process and the speed with which glucose enters the bloodstream.
Eat legumes such as black beans, garbanzo beans, kidney beans, pinto beans, split peas, lentils.
Select whole grains, whole grain rice, breakfast cereals with 100 percent whole grain content, and whole grain pasta.
Choose whole-wheat bread products such as bagels, pita bread, and tortillas.
1-5. Limit the sugar you’re drinking.
One of the leading sources of empty calories and excess sugar is drinking sugar-laden beverages such as sodas and “juice drinks” with limited juice content. You should aim to quench your thirst with water most of the time. If you're worried about its quality, purchase a filter. If you are accustomed to drinking sugary drinks, your body will crave sweetened drinks initially until you wean yourself from the habit.
Sodas, soft drinks, fruit juice, cordial, fruit drinks, flavored water, energy drinks, etc., are all sources of invisible sugar that your body does not need. Leave these drinks for treats only and rely on drinking water and milk.
If you get tired of plain water, soda water and sparkling mineral water are free of sugar, and a few drops of freshly-squeezed lemon or orange juice can be sufficient to flavor these drinks pleasantly.
Coffee and unsweetened tea can also be enjoyed in moderation.
1-6. Stop snacking on sugar and refined carbohydrates.
Refined carbohydrates such as white flour products almost instantly turn to sugar when you eat them. Sugar resides in many snacks from the obvious cakes, pastries, candies, and chocolate, to the less obvious fruit bars and sweetened yogurts. Sugar is cheap and it satisfies cravings, provides a quick pick-me-up for after-lunch crashes, and is serves a never-ending need for fast energy fixes. Don't stock up on sugary treats and don't reach for them when you feel like a lift.
Be aware that sugar can “hide” where you may not expect it, like in breakfast cereals. Opt for cereals with less sugar that are 100 percent wholegrain. You can also substitute sugary cereals with oatmeal, amaranth, or other grain-based options. Try making your own muesli. Read the ingredients list on all products that you're considering buying.
Sugar, whether labeled as "natural", "organic", or "unrefined", is all sugar. Don't fall for claims of healthy, super sweet brownies that "have no added sugar".
1-7. Stock up on healthy snacks.
Replace sugary snacks with fruit, vegetable sticks, nuts, and other healthy items. Fresh, seasonal fruit can satisfy a craving for something sweet. Salted nuts can be a good substitute for salty snacks like chips, but they provide increased nutrients like of fiber, healthy fat, and protein.
1-8. Eat healthier fats.
There is a common misconception that all fat is bad. It’s true that deep-fried fast food is an unhealthy source of fat. However, salmon and nuts have a high fat content that offer a variety of health benefits. Avocado is another food that's high in healthy fat. It’s more important to try avoid processed fats, hydrogenated, saturated or mostly saturated (especially avoid trans fats), and vegetable oils than to cut fat entirely out of your diet. Look for unsaturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fats instead.
1-9. Reserve treats for special occasions.
It may seem like punishment to cut all sugar out of your life forever. However, you can still indulge in the foods you like from time to time without derailing all of your eating habits. You may even find that saving your favorite sweet treats for special occasions, rather than indulging in them daily, can make the experience of eating the treats even sweeter.
1-10. Do not think of your eating habits as a “diet.”
“Diets” tend to fail because they're short term and have an "end" point. Thinking of your new way of eating as changing your eating habits rather than a temporary “diet” can help you maintain the new habits with less effort. You may also find that you will lose weight with less effort or stress.
Keep in mind that the goal of being healthy is lifelong, and remember that even extremely overweight people have lowered their diabetes risk by 70 percent just by losing 5 percent of their total weight.
1-11. Cut down on nighttime eating.
If you are pre-diabetic, you may need to avoid eating anything other than a light protein snack near bedtime. You should also limit your beverage consumption to water only, cutting out alcohol or drinks with sugar or caffeine.
If you feel hungry after dinner, try eating a low calorie and carbohydrate food that will have less of an impact on your blood sugar. Some options include:
Celery sticks
Baby carrots
Green bell pepper slices
A handful of cranberries
Four almonds (or similar nuts),
A cup of light or air-popped popcorn
1-12. Avoid emotional eating.
Try to differentiate eating as emotional response from eating due to actual physical hunger. Remember that physical hunger can be satisfied by almost any food, while emotional hunger often manifests as a craving for one specific food.
1-13. Eat slowly
It takes about 20 minutes for your stomach to send a signal to your brain that you are full. In that lag, you may eat too much: far more than you need.
Consider seeing a psychologist or a dietitian if you feel that you cannot control emotional eating on your own.
1-14. Consider talking to a Registered Dietitian and CDE.
If you want to make changes to your diet to reduce your risk of developing diabetes, consider talking to a registered dietitian and CDE (Certified Diabetes Educator). These nutrition and diabetes experts will be able to guide you towards a more appropriate diet.
2. Changing Your Lifestyle
2-1. Prioritize exercise as a means of losing weight.
It has been shown by the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) that people who lost 5 to 7 percent of their body weight and exercised for a half hour each day 5 days a week cut their risk of developing diabetes by 58 percent. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/physical_activity/index.html</ref> Whatever your weight, exercise is an important part of keeping healthy. Excessive body fat hinders the breakdown use of glucose, which is essential for energy. Even a mere 30 minutes of heart-rate-elevating exercise per day can help you avoid diabetes and maintain a healthy weight.
2-2. Take a walk during your lunch break.
If you feel as though you don’t have time to exercise, try walking for half an hour during your lunch break for 5 days a week. This can be a way to “sneak in” exercise.
2-3. Exercise after work.
You can avoid the traffic rush hour by visiting the gym or going for a brisk walk or jog outdoors for 45 minutes to an hour after you get off work. You may arrive home a little later, but you will feel more relaxed because of the exercise the reduced stress level from avoiding rush-hour traffic.
2-4. Take a dog for a walk.
Dogs make it easier to exercise and are a form of responsibility that obliges you to get out. If you don’t have a dog (or don’t want to get one), offer to walk a neighbor’s dog.
2-5. Walk
Unless you've got heavy packages to carry, walking locally makes good sense. Recruit a friend or family member to join you for company; conversing while walking makes the walk seem shorter.
2-6. Listen to music while you exercise.
Load your iPod or MP3 player with your favorite upbeat music. Give yourself a great excuse to walk or run while listening to your music selection. You can even create a playlist that mirrors your workout, with a slow “warm-up” song, 30-minutes of upbeat walking/jogging music, then a 3-4 minute “cool-down” song. Using a timed playlist can help you ensure that your exercise session is the appropriate length.
2-7. Reduce your stress levels.
Stress is linked to high glucose levels that can lead to diabetes. This is because when your body recognizes that you are stressed, it primes itself for a “fight or flight” response that throws off your hormone levels. This hormonal change can also increase your chances of gaining weight. To reduce your stress:
Figuring out why you are stressed will help you address and reduce that stress factor and lower your stress levels.
Taking on more than you can handle can lead to high stress levels. Recognize your limits and learn to say no to things or ask for help if you need it.
Sometimes talking to someone about your stress will help you to feel less stressed. The person might also be able to see your situation from an outsider’s perspective that will help you to find a solution.
Learn to prioritize things and know when other things can be pushed to the side. Try to estimate how long a task will take you and plan your day out accordingly.
2-8. Get plenty of sleep.
Adults need at least 6, but preferably 7 or more hours of sleep every night for recovery time for the nerves and all other systems to settle and rest. Getting enough sleep is essential to maintaining blood sugar and blood pressure, both of which are related to diabetes.
If you are unable to sleep at night, try reducing your “screen time” before bed, sleeping in a dark room with a noise machine, and limiting your caffeine consumption during the day.
Talk to your doctor about medicinal or herbal sleep aids if you are still unable to sleep well at night.
3. Understanding Diabetes
3-1. Differentiate between the different types of diabetes.
Diabetes affects the way that blood sugar (glucose) is processed in your body. An essential energy source, glucose is present in the bloodstream after digesting food. Insulin, normally produced by the pancreas, assists the glucose out of the blood and distributes it to the liver cells, muscles, and fat, where it is turned into usable energy for the body. Diabetes is identified as Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes.
This condition involves destruction of more than 90 percent of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, causing the pancreas to cease making insulin or to make very little. Type 1 diabetes tends to occur prior to the age of 30 and it may involve environmental factors and genetic predisposition.
While the pancreas continues to produce insulin, or even higher levels of insulin, the body develops a resistance to the insulin, causing the insulin to not be used properly for the body's needs and blood sugar levels remain consistently too high. While this type of diabetes can occur in children and adolescents, it usually begins in people over 30 and becomes more common as people age. Being overweight is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.
This type of diabetes develops in some women during pregnancy. Left undiagnosed and/or untreated, serious side effects can injure the mother and affect the unborn child. Having gestational diabetes that resolves after delivery increases your chances of developing Type 2 Diabetes at some point of your life.
3-2. Know the dangers of Type 2 Diabetes.
Understanding how diabetes can disrupt your life can help motivate you to make the necessary lifestyle and diet changes to prevent the disease. Some of the complications from Type 2 Diabetes can be quite severe. Possible complications include:
Lowered blood supply to the skin and nerves
Fatty substances and blood clots clogging blood vessels (called Atherosclerosis)
Heart failure, heart attack, or stroke
Damage to the eyes, which may cause permanently poor vision
Renal (kidney) failure
Nerve damage (with numbness and pain and loss of function)
Inflammation, infections and skin breakdown especially of the feet
Angina (heart pain)
3-3. Recognize Type 2 Diabetes risk factors that are controllable.
Some of the factors that increase your risk for developing diabetes are within your control. Risk factors for diabetes that can be controlled with diet and lifestyle changes include:
Based on body mass index, a BMI over 29 increases your odds of diabetes to one in four. Losing weight can drastically reduce your odds of developing Type 2 Diabetes.
Cardiovascular risks include high blood pressure, low HDL cholesterol, and high LDL cholesterol, and a study showed that one in four people in Europe suffering from these risk factors were also pre-diabetics. Diet and exercise can both help reduce your risk of heart disease and high cholesterol.
Diet is tied closely to diabetes. Focus on eating healthier foods.
Exercising less than 3 times per week increases your risk for diabetes. Work on integrating physical activity into your daily life.
3-4. Acknowledge risk factors for diabetes that you cannot control.
There are some risk factors for developing Type 2 Diabetes that are not within your control. However, being aware of these factors can help you assess your overall risk for developing the disease. Risk factors include:
Note that pre-menopausal women are probably helped by the levels of estrogen, which helps to clear away fatty acids that cause insulin resistance, and helps insulin absorb glucose more rapidly.
This can indicate a family gene predisposing you to diabetes.
These subgroups are at almost double the risk of white Americans.
Up to 40 percent of women who experienced gestational diabetes are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
A low birth weight increases your chances of developing diabetes by 23 percent for babies born under 5.5 pounds and by 76 percent for babies under 5 pounds.
3-5. Act early.
High blood sugar can be corrected before lasting damage sets in. If you have the risk factors associated with diabetes, it is important to get regular blood or urine screening tests and to respond by controlling your lifestyle factors. If tests reveal that you have pre-diabetes, you have an increased chance of being diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes in the future. Pre-diabetes is a part of metabolic syndrome which is "a group of risk factors -- high blood pressure, high blood sugar, unhealthy cholesterol levels, and abdominal fat." While such a diagnosis can be frightening, it's also an opportunity to take back your health and to slow, reverse, or avoid Type 2 diabetes through lifestyle changes.
Pre-diabetes exists where your blood glucose is higher than normal. It's a key indicator of metabolic breakdown taking place, which indicates a movement towards Type 2 Diabetes.
Pre-diabetes is reversible, but left ignored, the American Diabetes Association warns that your odds for getting Type 2 diabetes within a decade are almost 100 percent.
The CDC recommends that anyone aged 45 or over should be tested for diabetes especially if you're overweight., and people under 45 should be tested if they are overweight and have any other risk factor for diabetes.
3-6. Return for testing.
After 6 months of improving your diet and exercise habits, return for a test to see how your blood sugar levels have changed.
Always keep monitoring with your doctor. Follow your doctor's advice. In rare cases, your doctor may recommend taking medication such as Metformin, to reduce your risk of type 2 diabetes.
If you need help, consider speaking to a registered dietitian who can assist you with developing a meal plan.
Tips
A study in the Netherlands showed that men eating a diet high in potatoes, fish, vegetables, and legumes appear to have a lower risk for diabetes.[20]
X
Research source
It has been noted that breast-fed babies are less likely than bottle-fed babies to develop Type 1 Diabetes.[21]
X
Research source
Regularly schedule appointments in advance with your doctor to monitor your urine and blood if you are at risk for diabetes. Set automatic reminders on your phone or online calendar to ensure you keep your appointments.
Warnings
Untreated diabetes can lead to heart disease, which in turn can bring about death. If you discover that you have any risk factors for diabetes or testing determines you have pre-diabetes, make the lifestyle changes to reverse the condition and avoid a diabetes diagnosis.
Always talk to your doctor about major changes to your diet and lifestyle to ensure that you are making changes safely.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:32",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Maintaining Healthy Eating Habits\\n1-1. Understand the connection between diet and diabetes.\\nEating excessive sweets and fatty foods increases your risk for pre-diabetes and Type 2 diabetes development. You can reverse high-normal blood sugar (pre-diabetes) and reduce your risk for Type 2 Diabetes by reducing unhealthy foods, watching your portions, and eating a balanced diet.\\n1-2. Eat more fruits and vegetables.\\nAim for seven to nine daily servings of fruit and vegetables. Frozen and dried fruits and vegetables offer some health benefits, but fresh, in-season produce always packs the most nutritional power. Try to reduce your intake of canned vegetables because they have higher salt content.\\n1-3. Select fruits and vegetables in a variety of rich colors.\\nDeeper colors often mean more nutrients, so it is best to eat a variety of different fruits and vegetables that offer an array of bright colors. Some produce to focus on includes:\\nDark green veggies like broccoli, spinach, kale, and Brussels sprouts\\nOrange veggies like carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, and winter squash\\nRed fruits and vegetables like strawberries, raspberries, beets, and radishes\\nYellow foods such as squash, mango, and pineapple\\n1-4. Eat complex carbohydrates.\\nSkip the pastries, cakes, fries, and other processed carbohydrates. Fill up instead on carbohydrates that are healthy, including fruits, vegetables, whole grain cereals, and fresh breads. Look for choices with high fiber content; fiber has been shown to lower blood sugar by acting as a \\\"mop\\\" slowing down the digestive process and the speed with which glucose enters the bloodstream.\\nEat legumes such as black beans, garbanzo beans, kidney beans, pinto beans, split peas, lentils.\\nSelect whole grains, whole grain rice, breakfast cereals with 100 percent whole grain content, and whole grain pasta.\\nChoose whole-wheat bread products such as bagels, pita bread, and tortillas.\\n1-5. Limit the sugar you’re drinking.\\nOne of the leading sources of empty calories and excess sugar is drinking sugar-laden beverages such as sodas and “juice drinks” with limited juice content. You should aim to quench your thirst with water most of the time. If you're worried about its quality, purchase a filter. If you are accustomed to drinking sugary drinks, your body will crave sweetened drinks initially until you wean yourself from the habit.\\nSodas, soft drinks, fruit juice, cordial, fruit drinks, flavored water, energy drinks, etc., are all sources of invisible sugar that your body does not need. Leave these drinks for treats only and rely on drinking water and milk.\\nIf you get tired of plain water, soda water and sparkling mineral water are free of sugar, and a few drops of freshly-squeezed lemon or orange juice can be sufficient to flavor these drinks pleasantly.\\nCoffee and unsweetened tea can also be enjoyed in moderation.\\n1-6. Stop snacking on sugar and refined carbohydrates.\\nRefined carbohydrates such as white flour products almost instantly turn to sugar when you eat them. Sugar resides in many snacks from the obvious cakes, pastries, candies, and chocolate, to the less obvious fruit bars and sweetened yogurts. Sugar is cheap and it satisfies cravings, provides a quick pick-me-up for after-lunch crashes, and is serves a never-ending need for fast energy fixes. Don't stock up on sugary treats and don't reach for them when you feel like a lift.\\nBe aware that sugar can “hide” where you may not expect it, like in breakfast cereals. Opt for cereals with less sugar that are 100 percent wholegrain. You can also substitute sugary cereals with oatmeal, amaranth, or other grain-based options. Try making your own muesli. Read the ingredients list on all products that you're considering buying.\\nSugar, whether labeled as \\\"natural\\\", \\\"organic\\\", or \\\"unrefined\\\", is all sugar. Don't fall for claims of healthy, super sweet brownies that \\\"have no added sugar\\\".\\n1-7. Stock up on healthy snacks.\\nReplace sugary snacks with fruit, vegetable sticks, nuts, and other healthy items. Fresh, seasonal fruit can satisfy a craving for something sweet. Salted nuts can be a good substitute for salty snacks like chips, but they provide increased nutrients like of fiber, healthy fat, and protein.\\n1-8. Eat healthier fats.\\nThere is a common misconception that all fat is bad. It’s true that deep-fried fast food is an unhealthy source of fat. However, salmon and nuts have a high fat content that offer a variety of health benefits. Avocado is another food that's high in healthy fat. It’s more important to try avoid processed fats, hydrogenated, saturated or mostly saturated (especially avoid trans fats), and vegetable oils than to cut fat entirely out of your diet. Look for unsaturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fats instead.\\n1-9. Reserve treats for special occasions.\\nIt may seem like punishment to cut all sugar out of your life forever. However, you can still indulge in the foods you like from time to time without derailing all of your eating habits. You may even find that saving your favorite sweet treats for special occasions, rather than indulging in them daily, can make the experience of eating the treats even sweeter.\\n1-10. Do not think of your eating habits as a “diet.”\\n“Diets” tend to fail because they're short term and have an \\\"end\\\" point. Thinking of your new way of eating as changing your eating habits rather than a temporary “diet” can help you maintain the new habits with less effort. You may also find that you will lose weight with less effort or stress.\\nKeep in mind that the goal of being healthy is lifelong, and remember that even extremely overweight people have lowered their diabetes risk by 70 percent just by losing 5 percent of their total weight.\\n1-11. Cut down on nighttime eating.\\nIf you are pre-diabetic, you may need to avoid eating anything other than a light protein snack near bedtime. You should also limit your beverage consumption to water only, cutting out alcohol or drinks with sugar or caffeine.\\nIf you feel hungry after dinner, try eating a low calorie and carbohydrate food that will have less of an impact on your blood sugar. Some options include:\\nCelery sticks\\nBaby carrots\\nGreen bell pepper slices\\nA handful of cranberries\\nFour almonds (or similar nuts),\\nA cup of light or air-popped popcorn\\n1-12. Avoid emotional eating.\\nTry to differentiate eating as emotional response from eating due to actual physical hunger. Remember that physical hunger can be satisfied by almost any food, while emotional hunger often manifests as a craving for one specific food.\\n1-13. Eat slowly\\nIt takes about 20 minutes for your stomach to send a signal to your brain that you are full. In that lag, you may eat too much: far more than you need.\\nConsider seeing a psychologist or a dietitian if you feel that you cannot control emotional eating on your own.\\n1-14. Consider talking to a Registered Dietitian and CDE.\\nIf you want to make changes to your diet to reduce your risk of developing diabetes, consider talking to a registered dietitian and CDE (Certified Diabetes Educator). These nutrition and diabetes experts will be able to guide you towards a more appropriate diet.\\n2. Changing Your Lifestyle\\n2-1. Prioritize exercise as a means of losing weight.\\nIt has been shown by the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) that people who lost 5 to 7 percent of their body weight and exercised for a half hour each day 5 days a week cut their risk of developing diabetes by 58 percent. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/physical_activity/index.html</ref> Whatever your weight, exercise is an important part of keeping healthy. Excessive body fat hinders the breakdown use of glucose, which is essential for energy. Even a mere 30 minutes of heart-rate-elevating exercise per day can help you avoid diabetes and maintain a healthy weight.\\n2-2. Take a walk during your lunch break.\\nIf you feel as though you don’t have time to exercise, try walking for half an hour during your lunch break for 5 days a week. This can be a way to “sneak in” exercise.\\n2-3. Exercise after work.\\nYou can avoid the traffic rush hour by visiting the gym or going for a brisk walk or jog outdoors for 45 minutes to an hour after you get off work. You may arrive home a little later, but you will feel more relaxed because of the exercise the reduced stress level from avoiding rush-hour traffic.\\n2-4. Take a dog for a walk.\\nDogs make it easier to exercise and are a form of responsibility that obliges you to get out. If you don’t have a dog (or don’t want to get one), offer to walk a neighbor’s dog.\\n2-5. Walk\\nUnless you've got heavy packages to carry, walking locally makes good sense. Recruit a friend or family member to join you for company; conversing while walking makes the walk seem shorter.\\n2-6. Listen to music while you exercise.\\nLoad your iPod or MP3 player with your favorite upbeat music. Give yourself a great excuse to walk or run while listening to your music selection. You can even create a playlist that mirrors your workout, with a slow “warm-up” song, 30-minutes of upbeat walking/jogging music, then a 3-4 minute “cool-down” song. Using a timed playlist can help you ensure that your exercise session is the appropriate length.\\n2-7. Reduce your stress levels.\\nStress is linked to high glucose levels that can lead to diabetes. This is because when your body recognizes that you are stressed, it primes itself for a “fight or flight” response that throws off your hormone levels. This hormonal change can also increase your chances of gaining weight. To reduce your stress:\\n\\n Figuring out why you are stressed will help you address and reduce that stress factor and lower your stress levels.\\n Taking on more than you can handle can lead to high stress levels. Recognize your limits and learn to say no to things or ask for help if you need it.\\n Sometimes talking to someone about your stress will help you to feel less stressed. The person might also be able to see your situation from an outsider’s perspective that will help you to find a solution.\\n Learn to prioritize things and know when other things can be pushed to the side. Try to estimate how long a task will take you and plan your day out accordingly.\\n2-8. Get plenty of sleep.\\nAdults need at least 6, but preferably 7 or more hours of sleep every night for recovery time for the nerves and all other systems to settle and rest. Getting enough sleep is essential to maintaining blood sugar and blood pressure, both of which are related to diabetes.\\nIf you are unable to sleep at night, try reducing your “screen time” before bed, sleeping in a dark room with a noise machine, and limiting your caffeine consumption during the day.\\nTalk to your doctor about medicinal or herbal sleep aids if you are still unable to sleep well at night.\\n3. Understanding Diabetes\\n3-1. Differentiate between the different types of diabetes.\\nDiabetes affects the way that blood sugar (glucose) is processed in your body. An essential energy source, glucose is present in the bloodstream after digesting food. Insulin, normally produced by the pancreas, assists the glucose out of the blood and distributes it to the liver cells, muscles, and fat, where it is turned into usable energy for the body. Diabetes is identified as Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes.\\n\\n This condition involves destruction of more than 90 percent of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, causing the pancreas to cease making insulin or to make very little. Type 1 diabetes tends to occur prior to the age of 30 and it may involve environmental factors and genetic predisposition.\\n\\n While the pancreas continues to produce insulin, or even higher levels of insulin, the body develops a resistance to the insulin, causing the insulin to not be used properly for the body's needs and blood sugar levels remain consistently too high. While this type of diabetes can occur in children and adolescents, it usually begins in people over 30 and becomes more common as people age. Being overweight is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.\\n This type of diabetes develops in some women during pregnancy. Left undiagnosed and/or untreated, serious side effects can injure the mother and affect the unborn child. Having gestational diabetes that resolves after delivery increases your chances of developing Type 2 Diabetes at some point of your life.\\n3-2. Know the dangers of Type 2 Diabetes.\\nUnderstanding how diabetes can disrupt your life can help motivate you to make the necessary lifestyle and diet changes to prevent the disease. Some of the complications from Type 2 Diabetes can be quite severe. Possible complications include:\\nLowered blood supply to the skin and nerves\\nFatty substances and blood clots clogging blood vessels (called Atherosclerosis)\\nHeart failure, heart attack, or stroke\\nDamage to the eyes, which may cause permanently poor vision\\nRenal (kidney) failure\\nNerve damage (with numbness and pain and loss of function)\\nInflammation, infections and skin breakdown especially of the feet\\nAngina (heart pain)\\n3-3. Recognize Type 2 Diabetes risk factors that are controllable.\\nSome of the factors that increase your risk for developing diabetes are within your control. Risk factors for diabetes that can be controlled with diet and lifestyle changes include:\\n\\n Based on body mass index, a BMI over 29 increases your odds of diabetes to one in four. Losing weight can drastically reduce your odds of developing Type 2 Diabetes.\\n Cardiovascular risks include high blood pressure, low HDL cholesterol, and high LDL cholesterol, and a study showed that one in four people in Europe suffering from these risk factors were also pre-diabetics. Diet and exercise can both help reduce your risk of heart disease and high cholesterol.\\n Diet is tied closely to diabetes. Focus on eating healthier foods.\\n Exercising less than 3 times per week increases your risk for diabetes. Work on integrating physical activity into your daily life.\\n3-4. Acknowledge risk factors for diabetes that you cannot control.\\nThere are some risk factors for developing Type 2 Diabetes that are not within your control. However, being aware of these factors can help you assess your overall risk for developing the disease. Risk factors include:\\n\\n Note that pre-menopausal women are probably helped by the levels of estrogen, which helps to clear away fatty acids that cause insulin resistance, and helps insulin absorb glucose more rapidly.\\n\\n This can indicate a family gene predisposing you to diabetes.\\n\\n These subgroups are at almost double the risk of white Americans.\\n\\n Up to 40 percent of women who experienced gestational diabetes are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.\\n A low birth weight increases your chances of developing diabetes by 23 percent for babies born under 5.5 pounds and by 76 percent for babies under 5 pounds.\\n3-5. Act early.\\nHigh blood sugar can be corrected before lasting damage sets in. If you have the risk factors associated with diabetes, it is important to get regular blood or urine screening tests and to respond by controlling your lifestyle factors. If tests reveal that you have pre-diabetes, you have an increased chance of being diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes in the future. Pre-diabetes is a part of metabolic syndrome which is \\\"a group of risk factors -- high blood pressure, high blood sugar, unhealthy cholesterol levels, and abdominal fat.\\\" While such a diagnosis can be frightening, it's also an opportunity to take back your health and to slow, reverse, or avoid Type 2 diabetes through lifestyle changes.\\nPre-diabetes exists where your blood glucose is higher than normal. It's a key indicator of metabolic breakdown taking place, which indicates a movement towards Type 2 Diabetes.\\nPre-diabetes is reversible, but left ignored, the American Diabetes Association warns that your odds for getting Type 2 diabetes within a decade are almost 100 percent.\\nThe CDC recommends that anyone aged 45 or over should be tested for diabetes especially if you're overweight., and people under 45 should be tested if they are overweight and have any other risk factor for diabetes.\\n3-6. Return for testing.\\nAfter 6 months of improving your diet and exercise habits, return for a test to see how your blood sugar levels have changed.\\nAlways keep monitoring with your doctor. Follow your doctor's advice. In rare cases, your doctor may recommend taking medication such as Metformin, to reduce your risk of type 2 diabetes.\\nIf you need help, consider speaking to a registered dietitian who can assist you with developing a meal plan.\\nTips\\nA study in the Netherlands showed that men eating a diet high in potatoes, fish, vegetables, and legumes appear to have a lower risk for diabetes.[20]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIt has been noted that breast-fed babies are less likely than bottle-fed babies to develop Type 1 Diabetes.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nRegularly schedule appointments in advance with your doctor to monitor your urine and blood if you are at risk for diabetes. Set automatic reminders on your phone or online calendar to ensure you keep your appointments.\\nWarnings\\nUntreated diabetes can lead to heart disease, which in turn can bring about death. If you discover that you have any risk factors for diabetes or testing determines you have pre-diabetes, make the lifestyle changes to reverse the condition and avoid a diabetes diagnosis.\\nAlways talk to your doctor about major changes to your diet and lifestyle to ensure that you are making changes safely.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"In the past 30 years, the prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes has skyrocketed to such an extent that it is now viewed as an epidemic in the western world. From being a once fairly mild and rare ailment of the elderly to becoming a chronic disease, this type of diabetes affects people of every age, race, and background, and is now a major modern cause of premature death in many countries around the world. Someone dies from Type 2 Diabetes complications every 10 seconds worldwide. Luckily, there is a great way to prevent Type 2 Diabetes: establish and maintain a healthy lifestyle.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Maintaining Healthy Eating Habits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand the connection between diet and diabetes.\", \"描述\": \"Eating excessive sweets and fatty foods increases your risk for pre-diabetes and Type 2 diabetes development. You can reverse high-normal blood sugar (pre-diabetes) and reduce your risk for Type 2 Diabetes by reducing unhealthy foods, watching your portions, and eating a balanced diet.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Eat more fruits and vegetables.\", \"描述\": \"Aim for seven to nine daily servings of fruit and vegetables. Frozen and dried fruits and vegetables offer some health benefits, but fresh, in-season produce always packs the most nutritional power. Try to reduce your intake of canned vegetables because they have higher salt content.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Select fruits and vegetables in a variety of rich colors.\", \"描述\": \"Deeper colors often mean more nutrients, so it is best to eat a variety of different fruits and vegetables that offer an array of bright colors. Some produce to focus on includes:\\nDark green veggies like broccoli, spinach, kale, and Brussels sprouts\\nOrange veggies like carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, and winter squash\\nRed fruits and vegetables like strawberries, raspberries, beets, and radishes\\nYellow foods such as squash, mango, and pineapple\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Eat complex carbohydrates.\", \"描述\": \"Skip the pastries, cakes, fries, and other processed carbohydrates. Fill up instead on carbohydrates that are healthy, including fruits, vegetables, whole grain cereals, and fresh breads. Look for choices with high fiber content; fiber has been shown to lower blood sugar by acting as a \\\"mop\\\" slowing down the digestive process and the speed with which glucose enters the bloodstream.\\nEat legumes such as black beans, garbanzo beans, kidney beans, pinto beans, split peas, lentils.\\nSelect whole grains, whole grain rice, breakfast cereals with 100 percent whole grain content, and whole grain pasta.\\nChoose whole-wheat bread products such as bagels, pita bread, and tortillas.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Limit the sugar you’re drinking.\", \"描述\": \"One of the leading sources of empty calories and excess sugar is drinking sugar-laden beverages such as sodas and “juice drinks” with limited juice content. You should aim to quench your thirst with water most of the time. If you're worried about its quality, purchase a filter. If you are accustomed to drinking sugary drinks, your body will crave sweetened drinks initially until you wean yourself from the habit.\\nSodas, soft drinks, fruit juice, cordial, fruit drinks, flavored water, energy drinks, etc., are all sources of invisible sugar that your body does not need. Leave these drinks for treats only and rely on drinking water and milk.\\nIf you get tired of plain water, soda water and sparkling mineral water are free of sugar, and a few drops of freshly-squeezed lemon or orange juice can be sufficient to flavor these drinks pleasantly.\\nCoffee and unsweetened tea can also be enjoyed in moderation.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Stop snacking on sugar and refined carbohydrates.\", \"描述\": \"Refined carbohydrates such as white flour products almost instantly turn to sugar when you eat them. Sugar resides in many snacks from the obvious cakes, pastries, candies, and chocolate, to the less obvious fruit bars and sweetened yogurts. Sugar is cheap and it satisfies cravings, provides a quick pick-me-up for after-lunch crashes, and is serves a never-ending need for fast energy fixes. Don't stock up on sugary treats and don't reach for them when you feel like a lift.\\nBe aware that sugar can “hide” where you may not expect it, like in breakfast cereals. Opt for cereals with less sugar that are 100 percent wholegrain. You can also substitute sugary cereals with oatmeal, amaranth, or other grain-based options. Try making your own muesli. Read the ingredients list on all products that you're considering buying.\\nSugar, whether labeled as \\\"natural\\\", \\\"organic\\\", or \\\"unrefined\\\", is all sugar. Don't fall for claims of healthy, super sweet brownies that \\\"have no added sugar\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Stock up on healthy snacks.\", \"描述\": \"Replace sugary snacks with fruit, vegetable sticks, nuts, and other healthy items. Fresh, seasonal fruit can satisfy a craving for something sweet. Salted nuts can be a good substitute for salty snacks like chips, but they provide increased nutrients like of fiber, healthy fat, and protein.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Eat healthier fats.\", \"描述\": \"There is a common misconception that all fat is bad. It’s true that deep-fried fast food is an unhealthy source of fat. However, salmon and nuts have a high fat content that offer a variety of health benefits. Avocado is another food that's high in healthy fat. It’s more important to try avoid processed fats, hydrogenated, saturated or mostly saturated (especially avoid trans fats), and vegetable oils than to cut fat entirely out of your diet. Look for unsaturated, monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fats instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Reserve treats for special occasions.\", \"描述\": \"It may seem like punishment to cut all sugar out of your life forever. However, you can still indulge in the foods you like from time to time without derailing all of your eating habits. You may even find that saving your favorite sweet treats for special occasions, rather than indulging in them daily, can make the experience of eating the treats even sweeter.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Do not think of your eating habits as a “diet.”\", \"描述\": \"“Diets” tend to fail because they're short term and have an \\\"end\\\" point. Thinking of your new way of eating as changing your eating habits rather than a temporary “diet” can help you maintain the new habits with less effort. You may also find that you will lose weight with less effort or stress.\\nKeep in mind that the goal of being healthy is lifelong, and remember that even extremely overweight people have lowered their diabetes risk by 70 percent just by losing 5 percent of their total weight.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Cut down on nighttime eating.\", \"描述\": \"If you are pre-diabetic, you may need to avoid eating anything other than a light protein snack near bedtime. You should also limit your beverage consumption to water only, cutting out alcohol or drinks with sugar or caffeine.\\nIf you feel hungry after dinner, try eating a low calorie and carbohydrate food that will have less of an impact on your blood sugar. Some options include:\\nCelery sticks\\nBaby carrots\\nGreen bell pepper slices\\nA handful of cranberries\\nFour almonds (or similar nuts),\\nA cup of light or air-popped popcorn\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Avoid emotional eating.\", \"描述\": \"Try to differentiate eating as emotional response from eating due to actual physical hunger. Remember that physical hunger can be satisfied by almost any food, while emotional hunger often manifests as a craving for one specific food.\"}, {\"编号\": 13, \"标题\": \"Eat slowly\", \"描述\": \"It takes about 20 minutes for your stomach to send a signal to your brain that you are full. In that lag, you may eat too much: far more than you need.\\nConsider seeing a psychologist or a dietitian if you feel that you cannot control emotional eating on your own.\"}, {\"编号\": 14, \"标题\": \"Consider talking to a Registered Dietitian and CDE.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to make changes to your diet to reduce your risk of developing diabetes, consider talking to a registered dietitian and CDE (Certified Diabetes Educator). These nutrition and diabetes experts will be able to guide you towards a more appropriate diet.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Changing Your Lifestyle\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prioritize exercise as a means of losing weight.\", \"描述\": \"It has been shown by the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) that people who lost 5 to 7 percent of their body weight and exercised for a half hour each day 5 days a week cut their risk of developing diabetes by 58 percent. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/physical_activity/index.html</ref> Whatever your weight, exercise is an important part of keeping healthy. Excessive body fat hinders the breakdown use of glucose, which is essential for energy. Even a mere 30 minutes of heart-rate-elevating exercise per day can help you avoid diabetes and maintain a healthy weight.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take a walk during your lunch break.\", \"描述\": \"If you feel as though you don’t have time to exercise, try walking for half an hour during your lunch break for 5 days a week. This can be a way to “sneak in” exercise.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Exercise after work.\", \"描述\": \"You can avoid the traffic rush hour by visiting the gym or going for a brisk walk or jog outdoors for 45 minutes to an hour after you get off work. You may arrive home a little later, but you will feel more relaxed because of the exercise the reduced stress level from avoiding rush-hour traffic.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take a dog for a walk.\", \"描述\": \"Dogs make it easier to exercise and are a form of responsibility that obliges you to get out. If you don’t have a dog (or don’t want to get one), offer to walk a neighbor’s dog.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Walk\", \"描述\": \"Unless you've got heavy packages to carry, walking locally makes good sense. Recruit a friend or family member to join you for company; conversing while walking makes the walk seem shorter.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Listen to music while you exercise.\", \"描述\": \"Load your iPod or MP3 player with your favorite upbeat music. Give yourself a great excuse to walk or run while listening to your music selection. You can even create a playlist that mirrors your workout, with a slow “warm-up” song, 30-minutes of upbeat walking/jogging music, then a 3-4 minute “cool-down” song. Using a timed playlist can help you ensure that your exercise session is the appropriate length.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Reduce your stress levels.\", \"描述\": \"Stress is linked to high glucose levels that can lead to diabetes. This is because when your body recognizes that you are stressed, it primes itself for a “fight or flight” response that throws off your hormone levels. This hormonal change can also increase your chances of gaining weight. To reduce your stress:\\n\\n Figuring out why you are stressed will help you address and reduce that stress factor and lower your stress levels.\\n Taking on more than you can handle can lead to high stress levels. Recognize your limits and learn to say no to things or ask for help if you need it.\\n Sometimes talking to someone about your stress will help you to feel less stressed. The person might also be able to see your situation from an outsider’s perspective that will help you to find a solution.\\n Learn to prioritize things and know when other things can be pushed to the side. Try to estimate how long a task will take you and plan your day out accordingly.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Get plenty of sleep.\", \"描述\": \"Adults need at least 6, but preferably 7 or more hours of sleep every night for recovery time for the nerves and all other systems to settle and rest. Getting enough sleep is essential to maintaining blood sugar and blood pressure, both of which are related to diabetes.\\nIf you are unable to sleep at night, try reducing your “screen time” before bed, sleeping in a dark room with a noise machine, and limiting your caffeine consumption during the day.\\nTalk to your doctor about medicinal or herbal sleep aids if you are still unable to sleep well at night.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understanding Diabetes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Differentiate between the different types of diabetes.\", \"描述\": \"Diabetes affects the way that blood sugar (glucose) is processed in your body. An essential energy source, glucose is present in the bloodstream after digesting food. Insulin, normally produced by the pancreas, assists the glucose out of the blood and distributes it to the liver cells, muscles, and fat, where it is turned into usable energy for the body. Diabetes is identified as Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes.\\n\\n This condition involves destruction of more than 90 percent of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas, causing the pancreas to cease making insulin or to make very little. Type 1 diabetes tends to occur prior to the age of 30 and it may involve environmental factors and genetic predisposition.\\n\\n While the pancreas continues to produce insulin, or even higher levels of insulin, the body develops a resistance to the insulin, causing the insulin to not be used properly for the body's needs and blood sugar levels remain consistently too high. While this type of diabetes can occur in children and adolescents, it usually begins in people over 30 and becomes more common as people age. Being overweight is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes.\\n This type of diabetes develops in some women during pregnancy. Left undiagnosed and/or untreated, serious side effects can injure the mother and affect the unborn child. Having gestational diabetes that resolves after delivery increases your chances of developing Type 2 Diabetes at some point of your life.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know the dangers of Type 2 Diabetes.\", \"描述\": \"Understanding how diabetes can disrupt your life can help motivate you to make the necessary lifestyle and diet changes to prevent the disease. Some of the complications from Type 2 Diabetes can be quite severe. Possible complications include:\\nLowered blood supply to the skin and nerves\\nFatty substances and blood clots clogging blood vessels (called Atherosclerosis)\\nHeart failure, heart attack, or stroke\\nDamage to the eyes, which may cause permanently poor vision\\nRenal (kidney) failure\\nNerve damage (with numbness and pain and loss of function)\\nInflammation, infections and skin breakdown especially of the feet\\nAngina (heart pain)\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Recognize Type 2 Diabetes risk factors that are controllable.\", \"描述\": \"Some of the factors that increase your risk for developing diabetes are within your control. Risk factors for diabetes that can be controlled with diet and lifestyle changes include:\\n\\n Based on body mass index, a BMI over 29 increases your odds of diabetes to one in four. Losing weight can drastically reduce your odds of developing Type 2 Diabetes.\\n Cardiovascular risks include high blood pressure, low HDL cholesterol, and high LDL cholesterol, and a study showed that one in four people in Europe suffering from these risk factors were also pre-diabetics. Diet and exercise can both help reduce your risk of heart disease and high cholesterol.\\n Diet is tied closely to diabetes. Focus on eating healthier foods.\\n Exercising less than 3 times per week increases your risk for diabetes. Work on integrating physical activity into your daily life.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Acknowledge risk factors for diabetes that you cannot control.\", \"描述\": \"There are some risk factors for developing Type 2 Diabetes that are not within your control. However, being aware of these factors can help you assess your overall risk for developing the disease. Risk factors include:\\n\\n Note that pre-menopausal women are probably helped by the levels of estrogen, which helps to clear away fatty acids that cause insulin resistance, and helps insulin absorb glucose more rapidly.\\n\\n This can indicate a family gene predisposing you to diabetes.\\n\\n These subgroups are at almost double the risk of white Americans.\\n\\n Up to 40 percent of women who experienced gestational diabetes are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.\\n A low birth weight increases your chances of developing diabetes by 23 percent for babies born under 5.5 pounds and by 76 percent for babies under 5 pounds.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Act early.\", \"描述\": \"High blood sugar can be corrected before lasting damage sets in. If you have the risk factors associated with diabetes, it is important to get regular blood or urine screening tests and to respond by controlling your lifestyle factors. If tests reveal that you have pre-diabetes, you have an increased chance of being diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes in the future. Pre-diabetes is a part of metabolic syndrome which is \\\"a group of risk factors -- high blood pressure, high blood sugar, unhealthy cholesterol levels, and abdominal fat.\\\" While such a diagnosis can be frightening, it's also an opportunity to take back your health and to slow, reverse, or avoid Type 2 diabetes through lifestyle changes.\\nPre-diabetes exists where your blood glucose is higher than normal. It's a key indicator of metabolic breakdown taking place, which indicates a movement towards Type 2 Diabetes.\\nPre-diabetes is reversible, but left ignored, the American Diabetes Association warns that your odds for getting Type 2 diabetes within a decade are almost 100 percent.\\nThe CDC recommends that anyone aged 45 or over should be tested for diabetes especially if you're overweight., and people under 45 should be tested if they are overweight and have any other risk factor for diabetes.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Return for testing.\", \"描述\": \"After 6 months of improving your diet and exercise habits, return for a test to see how your blood sugar levels have changed.\\nAlways keep monitoring with your doctor. Follow your doctor's advice. In rare cases, your doctor may recommend taking medication such as Metformin, to reduce your risk of type 2 diabetes.\\nIf you need help, consider speaking to a registered dietitian who can assist you with developing a meal plan.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"A study in the Netherlands showed that men eating a diet high in potatoes, fish, vegetables, and legumes appear to have a lower risk for diabetes.[20]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"It has been noted that breast-fed babies are less likely than bottle-fed babies to develop Type 1 Diabetes.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Regularly schedule appointments in advance with your doctor to monitor your urine and blood if you are at risk for diabetes. Set automatic reminders on your phone or online calendar to ensure you keep your appointments.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Untreated diabetes can lead to heart disease, which in turn can bring about death. If you discover that you have any risk factors for diabetes or testing determines you have pre-diabetes, make the lifestyle changes to reverse the condition and avoid a diabetes diagnosis.\\n\", \"Always talk to your doctor about major changes to your diet and lifestyle to ensure that you are making changes safely.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,227 | How to Avoid UV Exposure | 1. Staying Safe in the Sun
1-1. Wear broad-spectrum sunscreen.
It's not enough to wear sunscreen. You need to wear the right kind of sunscreen and keep reapplying it regularly throughout the day in order to ensure that you are adequately protected in the sun. Broad-spectrum sunscreen protects against both types of radiation, meaning you'll get the best protection you can against UV exposure.
By law, broad-spectrum sunscreen must pass rigorous testing procedures to ensure that it protects against both UVA and UVB radiation.
In addition to selecting broad-spectrum sunscreen, make sure your sunscreen has an SPF (sun protection factor) of at least 15, though you may want to go with an even higher SPF to reduce the risk of sunburn and UV exposure.
Make sure your sunscreen is still effective by checking the expiration date printed on the bottle. Even if it's still good, you may need to vigorously shake the container to mix the ingredients back together.
Use about one palmful of sunscreen to completely cover your face, neck, arms, and legs. Reapply at least every two hours, or more frequently if you'll be swimming or sweating.
Waterproof sunscreen only protects you for 40 to 80 minutes of swimming or sweating. After that, you'll need to reapply more sunscreen.
1-2. Put on protective clothing.
Protective clothing can help shield your body from direct UV exposure. If you're planning on being outdoors for a day of hiking, a picnic, yard work, or just lounging in the sun, make sure you wear appropriately protective clothing in addition to sunscreen.
Wear a hat with a brim that extends at least two to three inches on all sides.
Long-sleeved shirts and long pants provide the most protection.
Some articles of clothing come with a built-in UV protection factor. Check the labels and tags on an article of clothing to determine if that item provides UV protection.
Darker fabrics may make you feel warmer in the sun, but they are also believed to protect your skin from UV radiation better than light-colored fabric.
Dry fabric may be more protective than wet fabric, but wet fabric is better than no clothing at all.
Opt for tightly-woven articles of clothing, which block out more UV radiation than loosely-woven fabrics.
As a quick test, try holding up your hand under a single layer of clothing in direct light. If your hand is visible through the fabric, it's not tightly-woven enough to provide any real protection.
1-3. Use UV-blocking, polarized sunglasses.
Even when you wear broad-spectrum sunscreen, your eyes are still at risk of being damaged by the sun, which may cause cataracts, cancer, or growths on the eye. The skin directly around your eyes is susceptible to sunburn and possible skin cancer, and your eyes themselves may be permanently damaged after a lifetime of UV exposure.
Make sure your sunglasses are polarized and block both UVA and UVB rays. Look for full-spectrum coverage to ensure your eyes and skin are safe in the sun.
Choose sunglasses with large frames/lenses or wraparound frames to protect your eyes from multiple angles of light exposure.
Check the label on sunglasses to verify that they provide UV protection. Labels that read either, "UV absorption up to 400 nm," or, "Meets ANSI UV Requirements" block 99% to 100% of UV radiation.
Cosmetic sunglasses only block up to 70% of UV radiation, with some performing much lower. If the label doesn't offer UV or ANSI specifications, they can't be trusted to provide UV protection.
1-4. Seek out shade.
Shade can help reduce your exposure to UV radiation, especially when you combine shade with other protective measures. Even if you're in the shade, though, you should still wear sunscreen and proper clothing to protect yourself against UV exposure.
Staying under an umbrella, a tree, or a man-made shelter can reduce the direct impact of UV radiation.
Be aware, though, that shade isn't perfect at protecting you. You can still get up to 50% of the sun's radiation while remaining in the shade.
2. Limiting Your Overall Exposure to UV Rays
2-1. Check the Ultraviolet (UV) Index.
The UV index was developed by the Environmental Protection Agency in collaboration with the National Weather Service. These agencies examine weather trends and daily weather forecasts to predict how high the levels of UV radiation will be on a given day. You can check the index by visiting the National Weather Service website, or by downloading an app directly to your smartphone or tablet.
The UV Index rates the risk of UV radiation exposure for a given day on a scale from 0 to 10+.
A UV Index of 0 to 2 means that the risk of UV exposure is minimal.
A 3 to 4 on the UV Index means that there is a low (but present) risk of UV exposure.
A 5 to 6 on the UV Index increases the risk of UV exposure to moderate.
7 to 9 is considered a high risk for UV exposure.
A 10+ is considered a very high risk for UV exposure.
It's best to stay out of the sun altogether (if possible) on days with high UV Index numbers.
2-2. Stay out of the sun during peak UV radiation times.
Regardless of the UV Index forecast for a given day, there are peak times of day when UV radiation is at its highest. Being in the sun during these hours will dramatically increase your exposure to UV radiation, even if you take other protective measures.
Peak hours for UV radiation are typically from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM, though this may vary slightly, depending on your location.
Remember the shadow rule: if your shadow is short, you need to seek shade. A short shadow indicates that the sun is almost directly overhead in the sky, which means there is a high risk of radiation exposure.
Try to avoid any exposure to sunlight during peak UV hours by staying indoors or under adequate shade.
2-3. Exercise caution around reflective environments.
No matter how many precautions you take, you may still be exposed to additional UV radiation depending on your immediate environment. Settings that are highly reflective tend to bounce more UV radiation at your body from all angles, so it's important to take extra precautions in those environments.
Sand and water can both be highly reflective. Sand alone can reflect up to 25% of the sun's radiation, and water is highly reflective.
You may not think of snowy environments as a place to catch a tan, but snow can reflect sunlight and radiation just as much as a beach can. In fact, up to 80% of the sun's radiation can be reflected by fresh snow.
Even if you lounge in the shade, you're still exposed to upwards of 50% of the ambient UV radiation around you.
If the UV Index is high on a given day, or if you're planning to be outdoors while UV radiation is highest for the day, it's best to limit or entirely avoid exposure to the sun.
2-4. Limit UV exposure at higher altitudes.
Your level of UV radiation exposure increases dramatically as you increase your altitude. That's because you're literally putting yourself closer to the sun, which can make a big difference if you're at very high elevations.
UV radiation increases by a rate of 4% for every 300 meters (984 feet) you ascend vertically from sea level.
Exercise great caution while hiking or climbing mountains.
Even living at a higher elevation may increase the risk of UV exposure. If you live in a high-elevation city like Denver, CO, you should take extra precautions in the sun.
2-5. Use UV-protective film for your windows.
Working and living indoors greatly reduces your UV exposure; however, it does not completely eliminate it. For this reason, you may want to consider UV-protective film for your windows to improve your protection against UV radiation.
UVA radiation penetrates glass quite easily.
Even when you work indoors, you're still exposed to about 10% to 20% of the UV radiation that an outdoor worker receives.
Putting up a tinted UV-protective film on the windows of your home or business, as well as on the side and rear windows of your vehicle, can block out exposure to 99.9% of UV radiation while still letting in around 80% of the sun's visible light.
2-6. Avoid artificial radiation sources.
Artificial sources of radiation are just as dangerous as being directly exposed to the sun's UV radiation. If you want to reduce your risk of UV exposure, it's best to avoid tanning facilities altogether.
Lying under a tanning lamp puts your body in direct contact with UV radiation, which can be very dangerous.
Tanning booths and sun lamps are known to cause skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer.
3. Understanding the Risks of UV Exposure
3-1. Protect against both forms of UV radiation.
There are two known forms of ultraviolet light from the sun: ultraviolet A, which is a long-wave form of radiation, and ultraviolet B, which is a shortwave radiation. All types of ultraviolet radiation are invisible to the unaided eye but can do great damage to your skin and eyes over the course of a lifetime.
Both UVA and UVB are equally dangerous to humans.
UVA radiation is more prevalent, but UVB radiation causes greater damage in smaller quantities.
When you choose sunscreen or clothing with UV protection, it's important to make sure those products protect against both UVA and UVB (usually designated as "broad-spectrum" protection).
3-2. Understand how radiation affects the skin.
Your skin shows the most direct effects of UV exposure over the course of a lifetime. If you spend a lot of time in the sun, there's a good chance that your skin will experience negative effects unless you take precautions to protect yourself against UV radiation.
Dry skin, blemishes, a loss of elasticity, and premature signs of aging are all common effects caused by UV exposure over long periods of time.
Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) includes squamous and basal cell carcinomas. NMSC is a serious form of cancer that is usually not fatal but can cause serious scars, damage, and disfigurement.
NMSCs most commonly occur on parts of the body with high exposure to the sun, specifically the head, neck, and hands/arms.
Melanoma is the most severe form of skin cancer, with up to 25% of cases that are diagnosed ending fatally. Melanoma can occur anywhere on the body, including less-exposed regions like the lower legs and back.
A history of intense (yet often infrequent) sunburns, especially during childhood, is believed to be a leading cause of developing melanoma later in life.
3-3. Minimize damage to your eyes from UV exposure.
Your skin isn't the only body part that can be damaged by the sun. Many people experience moderate to severe eye complications because of UV exposure. That's why it's important to wear sunglasses with UV protection any time you plan to be outdoors in the sun.
Exposure to UV radiation can cause photokeratitis, a temporary but painful affliction of the cornea that reduces your capacity to see. Photokeratitis is most prevalent in environments that reflect a lot of UV radiation, and the symptoms usually reduce and go away within two days.
UV exposure over time can cause malignant melanoma of the eyeball and basal cell carcinoma on the eyelids. In severe cases of eye cancer, your entire eye may need to be surgically removed.
UV exposure over the course of your lifetime is one of the leading causes of cataracts. Cataracts cause the lenses in your eyes to lose transparency, reducing vision until a surgical correction can be made.
Exposure to UV radiation can also cause irreversible retinal damage, including macular degeneration. Over time, macular degeneration causes a loss of reading vision and may lead to total blindness.
Tips
Always be smart in the sun if you want to avoid future complications. Most problems caused by UV exposure develop over many years, so doing what you can right now will help prevent problems from getting worse as you age.
Make sure you stay hydrated when you're in the sun to prevent heat stroke and dehydration.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:33",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Staying Safe in the Sun\\n1-1. Wear broad-spectrum sunscreen.\\nIt's not enough to wear sunscreen. You need to wear the right kind of sunscreen and keep reapplying it regularly throughout the day in order to ensure that you are adequately protected in the sun. Broad-spectrum sunscreen protects against both types of radiation, meaning you'll get the best protection you can against UV exposure.\\nBy law, broad-spectrum sunscreen must pass rigorous testing procedures to ensure that it protects against both UVA and UVB radiation.\\nIn addition to selecting broad-spectrum sunscreen, make sure your sunscreen has an SPF (sun protection factor) of at least 15, though you may want to go with an even higher SPF to reduce the risk of sunburn and UV exposure.\\nMake sure your sunscreen is still effective by checking the expiration date printed on the bottle. Even if it's still good, you may need to vigorously shake the container to mix the ingredients back together.\\nUse about one palmful of sunscreen to completely cover your face, neck, arms, and legs. Reapply at least every two hours, or more frequently if you'll be swimming or sweating.\\nWaterproof sunscreen only protects you for 40 to 80 minutes of swimming or sweating. After that, you'll need to reapply more sunscreen.\\n1-2. Put on protective clothing.\\nProtective clothing can help shield your body from direct UV exposure. If you're planning on being outdoors for a day of hiking, a picnic, yard work, or just lounging in the sun, make sure you wear appropriately protective clothing in addition to sunscreen.\\nWear a hat with a brim that extends at least two to three inches on all sides.\\nLong-sleeved shirts and long pants provide the most protection.\\nSome articles of clothing come with a built-in UV protection factor. Check the labels and tags on an article of clothing to determine if that item provides UV protection.\\nDarker fabrics may make you feel warmer in the sun, but they are also believed to protect your skin from UV radiation better than light-colored fabric.\\nDry fabric may be more protective than wet fabric, but wet fabric is better than no clothing at all.\\nOpt for tightly-woven articles of clothing, which block out more UV radiation than loosely-woven fabrics.\\nAs a quick test, try holding up your hand under a single layer of clothing in direct light. If your hand is visible through the fabric, it's not tightly-woven enough to provide any real protection.\\n1-3. Use UV-blocking, polarized sunglasses.\\nEven when you wear broad-spectrum sunscreen, your eyes are still at risk of being damaged by the sun, which may cause cataracts, cancer, or growths on the eye. The skin directly around your eyes is susceptible to sunburn and possible skin cancer, and your eyes themselves may be permanently damaged after a lifetime of UV exposure.\\nMake sure your sunglasses are polarized and block both UVA and UVB rays. Look for full-spectrum coverage to ensure your eyes and skin are safe in the sun.\\nChoose sunglasses with large frames/lenses or wraparound frames to protect your eyes from multiple angles of light exposure.\\nCheck the label on sunglasses to verify that they provide UV protection. Labels that read either, \\\"UV absorption up to 400 nm,\\\" or, \\\"Meets ANSI UV Requirements\\\" block 99% to 100% of UV radiation.\\nCosmetic sunglasses only block up to 70% of UV radiation, with some performing much lower. If the label doesn't offer UV or ANSI specifications, they can't be trusted to provide UV protection.\\n1-4. Seek out shade.\\nShade can help reduce your exposure to UV radiation, especially when you combine shade with other protective measures. Even if you're in the shade, though, you should still wear sunscreen and proper clothing to protect yourself against UV exposure.\\nStaying under an umbrella, a tree, or a man-made shelter can reduce the direct impact of UV radiation.\\nBe aware, though, that shade isn't perfect at protecting you. You can still get up to 50% of the sun's radiation while remaining in the shade.\\n2. Limiting Your Overall Exposure to UV Rays\\n2-1. Check the Ultraviolet (UV) Index.\\nThe UV index was developed by the Environmental Protection Agency in collaboration with the National Weather Service. These agencies examine weather trends and daily weather forecasts to predict how high the levels of UV radiation will be on a given day. You can check the index by visiting the National Weather Service website, or by downloading an app directly to your smartphone or tablet.\\nThe UV Index rates the risk of UV radiation exposure for a given day on a scale from 0 to 10+.\\nA UV Index of 0 to 2 means that the risk of UV exposure is minimal.\\nA 3 to 4 on the UV Index means that there is a low (but present) risk of UV exposure.\\nA 5 to 6 on the UV Index increases the risk of UV exposure to moderate.\\n7 to 9 is considered a high risk for UV exposure.\\nA 10+ is considered a very high risk for UV exposure.\\nIt's best to stay out of the sun altogether (if possible) on days with high UV Index numbers.\\n2-2. Stay out of the sun during peak UV radiation times.\\nRegardless of the UV Index forecast for a given day, there are peak times of day when UV radiation is at its highest. Being in the sun during these hours will dramatically increase your exposure to UV radiation, even if you take other protective measures.\\nPeak hours for UV radiation are typically from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM, though this may vary slightly, depending on your location.\\nRemember the shadow rule: if your shadow is short, you need to seek shade. A short shadow indicates that the sun is almost directly overhead in the sky, which means there is a high risk of radiation exposure.\\nTry to avoid any exposure to sunlight during peak UV hours by staying indoors or under adequate shade.\\n2-3. Exercise caution around reflective environments.\\nNo matter how many precautions you take, you may still be exposed to additional UV radiation depending on your immediate environment. Settings that are highly reflective tend to bounce more UV radiation at your body from all angles, so it's important to take extra precautions in those environments.\\nSand and water can both be highly reflective. Sand alone can reflect up to 25% of the sun's radiation, and water is highly reflective.\\nYou may not think of snowy environments as a place to catch a tan, but snow can reflect sunlight and radiation just as much as a beach can. In fact, up to 80% of the sun's radiation can be reflected by fresh snow.\\nEven if you lounge in the shade, you're still exposed to upwards of 50% of the ambient UV radiation around you.\\nIf the UV Index is high on a given day, or if you're planning to be outdoors while UV radiation is highest for the day, it's best to limit or entirely avoid exposure to the sun.\\n2-4. Limit UV exposure at higher altitudes.\\nYour level of UV radiation exposure increases dramatically as you increase your altitude. That's because you're literally putting yourself closer to the sun, which can make a big difference if you're at very high elevations.\\nUV radiation increases by a rate of 4% for every 300 meters (984 feet) you ascend vertically from sea level.\\nExercise great caution while hiking or climbing mountains.\\nEven living at a higher elevation may increase the risk of UV exposure. If you live in a high-elevation city like Denver, CO, you should take extra precautions in the sun.\\n2-5. Use UV-protective film for your windows.\\nWorking and living indoors greatly reduces your UV exposure; however, it does not completely eliminate it. For this reason, you may want to consider UV-protective film for your windows to improve your protection against UV radiation.\\nUVA radiation penetrates glass quite easily.\\nEven when you work indoors, you're still exposed to about 10% to 20% of the UV radiation that an outdoor worker receives.\\nPutting up a tinted UV-protective film on the windows of your home or business, as well as on the side and rear windows of your vehicle, can block out exposure to 99.9% of UV radiation while still letting in around 80% of the sun's visible light.\\n2-6. Avoid artificial radiation sources.\\nArtificial sources of radiation are just as dangerous as being directly exposed to the sun's UV radiation. If you want to reduce your risk of UV exposure, it's best to avoid tanning facilities altogether. \\nLying under a tanning lamp puts your body in direct contact with UV radiation, which can be very dangerous.\\nTanning booths and sun lamps are known to cause skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer.\\n3. Understanding the Risks of UV Exposure\\n3-1. Protect against both forms of UV radiation.\\nThere are two known forms of ultraviolet light from the sun: ultraviolet A, which is a long-wave form of radiation, and ultraviolet B, which is a shortwave radiation. All types of ultraviolet radiation are invisible to the unaided eye but can do great damage to your skin and eyes over the course of a lifetime.\\nBoth UVA and UVB are equally dangerous to humans.\\nUVA radiation is more prevalent, but UVB radiation causes greater damage in smaller quantities.\\nWhen you choose sunscreen or clothing with UV protection, it's important to make sure those products protect against both UVA and UVB (usually designated as \\\"broad-spectrum\\\" protection).\\n3-2. Understand how radiation affects the skin.\\nYour skin shows the most direct effects of UV exposure over the course of a lifetime. If you spend a lot of time in the sun, there's a good chance that your skin will experience negative effects unless you take precautions to protect yourself against UV radiation.\\nDry skin, blemishes, a loss of elasticity, and premature signs of aging are all common effects caused by UV exposure over long periods of time.\\nNon-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) includes squamous and basal cell carcinomas. NMSC is a serious form of cancer that is usually not fatal but can cause serious scars, damage, and disfigurement.\\nNMSCs most commonly occur on parts of the body with high exposure to the sun, specifically the head, neck, and hands/arms.\\nMelanoma is the most severe form of skin cancer, with up to 25% of cases that are diagnosed ending fatally. Melanoma can occur anywhere on the body, including less-exposed regions like the lower legs and back.\\nA history of intense (yet often infrequent) sunburns, especially during childhood, is believed to be a leading cause of developing melanoma later in life.\\n3-3. Minimize damage to your eyes from UV exposure.\\nYour skin isn't the only body part that can be damaged by the sun. Many people experience moderate to severe eye complications because of UV exposure. That's why it's important to wear sunglasses with UV protection any time you plan to be outdoors in the sun.\\nExposure to UV radiation can cause photokeratitis, a temporary but painful affliction of the cornea that reduces your capacity to see. Photokeratitis is most prevalent in environments that reflect a lot of UV radiation, and the symptoms usually reduce and go away within two days.\\nUV exposure over time can cause malignant melanoma of the eyeball and basal cell carcinoma on the eyelids. In severe cases of eye cancer, your entire eye may need to be surgically removed.\\nUV exposure over the course of your lifetime is one of the leading causes of cataracts. Cataracts cause the lenses in your eyes to lose transparency, reducing vision until a surgical correction can be made.\\nExposure to UV radiation can also cause irreversible retinal damage, including macular degeneration. Over time, macular degeneration causes a loss of reading vision and may lead to total blindness.\\nTips\\nAlways be smart in the sun if you want to avoid future complications. Most problems caused by UV exposure develop over many years, so doing what you can right now will help prevent problems from getting worse as you age.\\nMake sure you stay hydrated when you're in the sun to prevent heat stroke and dehydration.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is one of the leading causes of skin cancer and vision damage. The effects of UV radiation often take many years to develop, which means you may not notice the damage until it's too late. Taking precautions and reducing or avoiding UV exposure can help prevent effects like skin cancer, cataracts, premature aging. Stay safe in the sun and you will have healthy skin and eyes for many years to come.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Staying Safe in the Sun\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wear broad-spectrum sunscreen.\", \"描述\": \"It's not enough to wear sunscreen. You need to wear the right kind of sunscreen and keep reapplying it regularly throughout the day in order to ensure that you are adequately protected in the sun. Broad-spectrum sunscreen protects against both types of radiation, meaning you'll get the best protection you can against UV exposure.\\nBy law, broad-spectrum sunscreen must pass rigorous testing procedures to ensure that it protects against both UVA and UVB radiation.\\nIn addition to selecting broad-spectrum sunscreen, make sure your sunscreen has an SPF (sun protection factor) of at least 15, though you may want to go with an even higher SPF to reduce the risk of sunburn and UV exposure.\\nMake sure your sunscreen is still effective by checking the expiration date printed on the bottle. Even if it's still good, you may need to vigorously shake the container to mix the ingredients back together.\\nUse about one palmful of sunscreen to completely cover your face, neck, arms, and legs. Reapply at least every two hours, or more frequently if you'll be swimming or sweating.\\nWaterproof sunscreen only protects you for 40 to 80 minutes of swimming or sweating. After that, you'll need to reapply more sunscreen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Put on protective clothing.\", \"描述\": \"Protective clothing can help shield your body from direct UV exposure. If you're planning on being outdoors for a day of hiking, a picnic, yard work, or just lounging in the sun, make sure you wear appropriately protective clothing in addition to sunscreen.\\nWear a hat with a brim that extends at least two to three inches on all sides.\\nLong-sleeved shirts and long pants provide the most protection.\\nSome articles of clothing come with a built-in UV protection factor. Check the labels and tags on an article of clothing to determine if that item provides UV protection.\\nDarker fabrics may make you feel warmer in the sun, but they are also believed to protect your skin from UV radiation better than light-colored fabric.\\nDry fabric may be more protective than wet fabric, but wet fabric is better than no clothing at all.\\nOpt for tightly-woven articles of clothing, which block out more UV radiation than loosely-woven fabrics.\\nAs a quick test, try holding up your hand under a single layer of clothing in direct light. If your hand is visible through the fabric, it's not tightly-woven enough to provide any real protection.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use UV-blocking, polarized sunglasses.\", \"描述\": \"Even when you wear broad-spectrum sunscreen, your eyes are still at risk of being damaged by the sun, which may cause cataracts, cancer, or growths on the eye. The skin directly around your eyes is susceptible to sunburn and possible skin cancer, and your eyes themselves may be permanently damaged after a lifetime of UV exposure.\\nMake sure your sunglasses are polarized and block both UVA and UVB rays. Look for full-spectrum coverage to ensure your eyes and skin are safe in the sun.\\nChoose sunglasses with large frames/lenses or wraparound frames to protect your eyes from multiple angles of light exposure.\\nCheck the label on sunglasses to verify that they provide UV protection. Labels that read either, \\\"UV absorption up to 400 nm,\\\" or, \\\"Meets ANSI UV Requirements\\\" block 99% to 100% of UV radiation.\\nCosmetic sunglasses only block up to 70% of UV radiation, with some performing much lower. If the label doesn't offer UV or ANSI specifications, they can't be trusted to provide UV protection.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Seek out shade.\", \"描述\": \"Shade can help reduce your exposure to UV radiation, especially when you combine shade with other protective measures. Even if you're in the shade, though, you should still wear sunscreen and proper clothing to protect yourself against UV exposure.\\nStaying under an umbrella, a tree, or a man-made shelter can reduce the direct impact of UV radiation.\\nBe aware, though, that shade isn't perfect at protecting you. You can still get up to 50% of the sun's radiation while remaining in the shade.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Limiting Your Overall Exposure to UV Rays\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check the Ultraviolet (UV) Index.\", \"描述\": \"The UV index was developed by the Environmental Protection Agency in collaboration with the National Weather Service. These agencies examine weather trends and daily weather forecasts to predict how high the levels of UV radiation will be on a given day. You can check the index by visiting the National Weather Service website, or by downloading an app directly to your smartphone or tablet.\\nThe UV Index rates the risk of UV radiation exposure for a given day on a scale from 0 to 10+.\\nA UV Index of 0 to 2 means that the risk of UV exposure is minimal.\\nA 3 to 4 on the UV Index means that there is a low (but present) risk of UV exposure.\\nA 5 to 6 on the UV Index increases the risk of UV exposure to moderate.\\n7 to 9 is considered a high risk for UV exposure.\\nA 10+ is considered a very high risk for UV exposure.\\nIt's best to stay out of the sun altogether (if possible) on days with high UV Index numbers.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay out of the sun during peak UV radiation times.\", \"描述\": \"Regardless of the UV Index forecast for a given day, there are peak times of day when UV radiation is at its highest. Being in the sun during these hours will dramatically increase your exposure to UV radiation, even if you take other protective measures.\\nPeak hours for UV radiation are typically from 10:00 AM to 4:00 PM, though this may vary slightly, depending on your location.\\nRemember the shadow rule: if your shadow is short, you need to seek shade. A short shadow indicates that the sun is almost directly overhead in the sky, which means there is a high risk of radiation exposure.\\nTry to avoid any exposure to sunlight during peak UV hours by staying indoors or under adequate shade.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Exercise caution around reflective environments.\", \"描述\": \"No matter how many precautions you take, you may still be exposed to additional UV radiation depending on your immediate environment. Settings that are highly reflective tend to bounce more UV radiation at your body from all angles, so it's important to take extra precautions in those environments.\\nSand and water can both be highly reflective. Sand alone can reflect up to 25% of the sun's radiation, and water is highly reflective.\\nYou may not think of snowy environments as a place to catch a tan, but snow can reflect sunlight and radiation just as much as a beach can. In fact, up to 80% of the sun's radiation can be reflected by fresh snow.\\nEven if you lounge in the shade, you're still exposed to upwards of 50% of the ambient UV radiation around you.\\nIf the UV Index is high on a given day, or if you're planning to be outdoors while UV radiation is highest for the day, it's best to limit or entirely avoid exposure to the sun.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Limit UV exposure at higher altitudes.\", \"描述\": \"Your level of UV radiation exposure increases dramatically as you increase your altitude. That's because you're literally putting yourself closer to the sun, which can make a big difference if you're at very high elevations.\\nUV radiation increases by a rate of 4% for every 300 meters (984 feet) you ascend vertically from sea level.\\nExercise great caution while hiking or climbing mountains.\\nEven living at a higher elevation may increase the risk of UV exposure. If you live in a high-elevation city like Denver, CO, you should take extra precautions in the sun.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Use UV-protective film for your windows.\", \"描述\": \"Working and living indoors greatly reduces your UV exposure; however, it does not completely eliminate it. For this reason, you may want to consider UV-protective film for your windows to improve your protection against UV radiation.\\nUVA radiation penetrates glass quite easily.\\nEven when you work indoors, you're still exposed to about 10% to 20% of the UV radiation that an outdoor worker receives.\\nPutting up a tinted UV-protective film on the windows of your home or business, as well as on the side and rear windows of your vehicle, can block out exposure to 99.9% of UV radiation while still letting in around 80% of the sun's visible light.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Avoid artificial radiation sources.\", \"描述\": \"Artificial sources of radiation are just as dangerous as being directly exposed to the sun's UV radiation. If you want to reduce your risk of UV exposure, it's best to avoid tanning facilities altogether. \\nLying under a tanning lamp puts your body in direct contact with UV radiation, which can be very dangerous.\\nTanning booths and sun lamps are known to cause skin damage and increase the risk of skin cancer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Understanding the Risks of UV Exposure\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Protect against both forms of UV radiation.\", \"描述\": \"There are two known forms of ultraviolet light from the sun: ultraviolet A, which is a long-wave form of radiation, and ultraviolet B, which is a shortwave radiation. All types of ultraviolet radiation are invisible to the unaided eye but can do great damage to your skin and eyes over the course of a lifetime.\\nBoth UVA and UVB are equally dangerous to humans.\\nUVA radiation is more prevalent, but UVB radiation causes greater damage in smaller quantities.\\nWhen you choose sunscreen or clothing with UV protection, it's important to make sure those products protect against both UVA and UVB (usually designated as \\\"broad-spectrum\\\" protection).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understand how radiation affects the skin.\", \"描述\": \"Your skin shows the most direct effects of UV exposure over the course of a lifetime. If you spend a lot of time in the sun, there's a good chance that your skin will experience negative effects unless you take precautions to protect yourself against UV radiation.\\nDry skin, blemishes, a loss of elasticity, and premature signs of aging are all common effects caused by UV exposure over long periods of time.\\nNon-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) includes squamous and basal cell carcinomas. NMSC is a serious form of cancer that is usually not fatal but can cause serious scars, damage, and disfigurement.\\nNMSCs most commonly occur on parts of the body with high exposure to the sun, specifically the head, neck, and hands/arms.\\nMelanoma is the most severe form of skin cancer, with up to 25% of cases that are diagnosed ending fatally. Melanoma can occur anywhere on the body, including less-exposed regions like the lower legs and back.\\nA history of intense (yet often infrequent) sunburns, especially during childhood, is believed to be a leading cause of developing melanoma later in life.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Minimize damage to your eyes from UV exposure.\", \"描述\": \"Your skin isn't the only body part that can be damaged by the sun. Many people experience moderate to severe eye complications because of UV exposure. That's why it's important to wear sunglasses with UV protection any time you plan to be outdoors in the sun.\\nExposure to UV radiation can cause photokeratitis, a temporary but painful affliction of the cornea that reduces your capacity to see. Photokeratitis is most prevalent in environments that reflect a lot of UV radiation, and the symptoms usually reduce and go away within two days.\\nUV exposure over time can cause malignant melanoma of the eyeball and basal cell carcinoma on the eyelids. In severe cases of eye cancer, your entire eye may need to be surgically removed.\\nUV exposure over the course of your lifetime is one of the leading causes of cataracts. Cataracts cause the lenses in your eyes to lose transparency, reducing vision until a surgical correction can be made.\\nExposure to UV radiation can also cause irreversible retinal damage, including macular degeneration. Over time, macular degeneration causes a loss of reading vision and may lead to total blindness.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Always be smart in the sun if you want to avoid future complications. Most problems caused by UV exposure develop over many years, so doing what you can right now will help prevent problems from getting worse as you age.\\n\", \"Make sure you stay hydrated when you're in the sun to prevent heat stroke and dehydration.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,228 | How to Avoid Uber Cancellation Fees | 1. Canceling a Trip in Time
1-1. Take note of when you requested the ride.
The best way to avoid an Uber cancellation fee is keeping track of time. If you don't cancel the Uber in a timely fashion, you'll be charged a fee. When you call your Uber, take note of what time it is. If you choose to cancel, make sure you do within five minutes.
It's easy to lose track of time when you're rushing to get ready for an Uber. It can help to set a timer on your phone for five minutes shortly after calling an Uber to make sure you cancel your ride in time.
1-2. Cancel the trip before five minutes have passed.
In the event you need to cancel, do so in five minutes. If you wait too long, Uber will charge you a cancellation fee as you may have inconvenienced the driver. If you find you need to cancel, do so as quickly as possible to beat the fee.
1-3. Avoid canceling UberPool rides whenever possible.
An UberPool ride is a ride you share with other passengers. While UberPool is cheaper than calling a regular Uber, policies regarding cancellation fees are stricter. If you cancel an UberPool at any point, you're charged a fee. To avoid Uber cancellation fees, only call an UberPool if you're 100% sure you're going to take the ride.
While it is generally more difficult to cancel an UberPool without a fee, in special cases you may be able to contest a cancellation fee. For example, if you had a major issue with a driver, such as the driver not showing up in a timely fashion, you may be able to cancel and report the issue to Uber. Uber may cancel the fee.
2. Avoiding Driver Cancellations
2-1. Be upfront about your destination.
Drivers may sometimes cancel a trip if they're surprised by your destination. If you wait a few minutes after a driver requests a ride to enter your destination, the driver may cancel if they do not want to take you to that area. This can sometimes result in a cancellation fee. Punch in your destination prior to calling your Uber. This way, you can make sure you get a driver willing to take you to a particular destination, reducing the likelihood the driver will cancel.
It's particularly important if you're going to an area that a driver may not want to drive. Areas that are very far away or where traffic is generally busy, such as airports, may cause riders to hesitate.
2-2. Get to the car in a timely fashion.
Make sure you get to your car as soon as your Uber arrives. Drivers have the right to cancel a trip if you do not make it to their car within two minutes of their arrival. In this case, you can be charged a cancellation fee.
Sometimes, drivers arrive very quickly to a destination. It's a good idea to get packed and ready before actually calling an Uber so you can head out the door as soon as the driver arrives.
2-3. Be wary of scams.
Sometimes, Uber drivers will scam users in order to pick up rides, cancel, and make money from the cancellation fee. In a well known scam, drivers call and claim they can't see your destination and that you need to cancel the ride to fix the problem. Drivers are usually not being honest in this situation and you will end up getting charged a cancellation fee and not getting your ride. If an Uber driver calls you with this story, call Uber customer service and report the driver.
3. Disputing a Fee
3-1. Report the issue through the Uber app.
If you believe you've been charged a fee unfairly, the easiest way to dispute the fee is to do so directly through the Uber app. Open the Uber app an then hit the menu item. From there, click "I had an issue with my fare." When the next menu opens, click, "I was charged a cancellation fee." You will then be prompted to provide the details of how you were charged the fee.
Usually, you can get your money back if a driver issue caused a cancellation. For example, if a driver was very late and didn't return your calls, you may have been forced to cancel the ride after five minutes. In this case, Uber may refund you the money as the driver was to blame for the issue.
Remember, Uber does reserve the right to charge fees if you cancelled the ride after five minutes or made your driver wait an unreasonable time. Under these circumstances, Uber may not refund you.
3-2. Reply to receipt e-mails.
If you receive a receipt e-mail from Uber for a cancellation fee, you can reply directly to that e-mail to dispute the fee. You can simply hit "reply" and explain why you feel you were charged unfairly. This can be easier as it requires less steps that disputing your fee via the app.
3-3. Request a refund online.
If you click on the help tab of the Uber website, you can dispute a fee there. You will have to sign into the app and then follow the prompts from there. Eventually, you should be able to send Uber a message explaining the issue and requesting your money back.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:33",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Canceling a Trip in Time\\n1-1. Take note of when you requested the ride.\\nThe best way to avoid an Uber cancellation fee is keeping track of time. If you don't cancel the Uber in a timely fashion, you'll be charged a fee. When you call your Uber, take note of what time it is. If you choose to cancel, make sure you do within five minutes.\\nIt's easy to lose track of time when you're rushing to get ready for an Uber. It can help to set a timer on your phone for five minutes shortly after calling an Uber to make sure you cancel your ride in time.\\n1-2. Cancel the trip before five minutes have passed.\\nIn the event you need to cancel, do so in five minutes. If you wait too long, Uber will charge you a cancellation fee as you may have inconvenienced the driver. If you find you need to cancel, do so as quickly as possible to beat the fee.\\n1-3. Avoid canceling UberPool rides whenever possible.\\nAn UberPool ride is a ride you share with other passengers. While UberPool is cheaper than calling a regular Uber, policies regarding cancellation fees are stricter. If you cancel an UberPool at any point, you're charged a fee. To avoid Uber cancellation fees, only call an UberPool if you're 100% sure you're going to take the ride.\\nWhile it is generally more difficult to cancel an UberPool without a fee, in special cases you may be able to contest a cancellation fee. For example, if you had a major issue with a driver, such as the driver not showing up in a timely fashion, you may be able to cancel and report the issue to Uber. Uber may cancel the fee.\\n2. Avoiding Driver Cancellations\\n2-1. Be upfront about your destination.\\nDrivers may sometimes cancel a trip if they're surprised by your destination. If you wait a few minutes after a driver requests a ride to enter your destination, the driver may cancel if they do not want to take you to that area. This can sometimes result in a cancellation fee. Punch in your destination prior to calling your Uber. This way, you can make sure you get a driver willing to take you to a particular destination, reducing the likelihood the driver will cancel.\\nIt's particularly important if you're going to an area that a driver may not want to drive. Areas that are very far away or where traffic is generally busy, such as airports, may cause riders to hesitate.\\n2-2. Get to the car in a timely fashion.\\nMake sure you get to your car as soon as your Uber arrives. Drivers have the right to cancel a trip if you do not make it to their car within two minutes of their arrival. In this case, you can be charged a cancellation fee.\\nSometimes, drivers arrive very quickly to a destination. It's a good idea to get packed and ready before actually calling an Uber so you can head out the door as soon as the driver arrives.\\n2-3. Be wary of scams.\\nSometimes, Uber drivers will scam users in order to pick up rides, cancel, and make money from the cancellation fee. In a well known scam, drivers call and claim they can't see your destination and that you need to cancel the ride to fix the problem. Drivers are usually not being honest in this situation and you will end up getting charged a cancellation fee and not getting your ride. If an Uber driver calls you with this story, call Uber customer service and report the driver.\\n3. Disputing a Fee\\n3-1. Report the issue through the Uber app.\\nIf you believe you've been charged a fee unfairly, the easiest way to dispute the fee is to do so directly through the Uber app. Open the Uber app an then hit the menu item. From there, click \\\"I had an issue with my fare.\\\" When the next menu opens, click, \\\"I was charged a cancellation fee.\\\" You will then be prompted to provide the details of how you were charged the fee.\\nUsually, you can get your money back if a driver issue caused a cancellation. For example, if a driver was very late and didn't return your calls, you may have been forced to cancel the ride after five minutes. In this case, Uber may refund you the money as the driver was to blame for the issue.\\nRemember, Uber does reserve the right to charge fees if you cancelled the ride after five minutes or made your driver wait an unreasonable time. Under these circumstances, Uber may not refund you.\\n3-2. Reply to receipt e-mails.\\nIf you receive a receipt e-mail from Uber for a cancellation fee, you can reply directly to that e-mail to dispute the fee. You can simply hit \\\"reply\\\" and explain why you feel you were charged unfairly. This can be easier as it requires less steps that disputing your fee via the app.\\n3-3. Request a refund online.\\nIf you click on the help tab of the Uber website, you can dispute a fee there. You will have to sign into the app and then follow the prompts from there. Eventually, you should be able to send Uber a message explaining the issue and requesting your money back.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Uber cancellations fees can be frustrating, especially when they feel undeserved or unfair. If you want to avoid fees, the number one way to do so is to get to the car in a timely fashion and avoid canceling your ride too late. If you believe you were charged a fee unfairly, contact Uber. Uber usually refunds fees if they were the result of a driver's error.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Canceling a Trip in Time\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take note of when you requested the ride.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to avoid an Uber cancellation fee is keeping track of time. If you don't cancel the Uber in a timely fashion, you'll be charged a fee. When you call your Uber, take note of what time it is. If you choose to cancel, make sure you do within five minutes.\\nIt's easy to lose track of time when you're rushing to get ready for an Uber. It can help to set a timer on your phone for five minutes shortly after calling an Uber to make sure you cancel your ride in time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Cancel the trip before five minutes have passed.\", \"描述\": \"In the event you need to cancel, do so in five minutes. If you wait too long, Uber will charge you a cancellation fee as you may have inconvenienced the driver. If you find you need to cancel, do so as quickly as possible to beat the fee.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid canceling UberPool rides whenever possible.\", \"描述\": \"An UberPool ride is a ride you share with other passengers. While UberPool is cheaper than calling a regular Uber, policies regarding cancellation fees are stricter. If you cancel an UberPool at any point, you're charged a fee. To avoid Uber cancellation fees, only call an UberPool if you're 100% sure you're going to take the ride.\\nWhile it is generally more difficult to cancel an UberPool without a fee, in special cases you may be able to contest a cancellation fee. For example, if you had a major issue with a driver, such as the driver not showing up in a timely fashion, you may be able to cancel and report the issue to Uber. Uber may cancel the fee.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Driver Cancellations\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be upfront about your destination.\", \"描述\": \"Drivers may sometimes cancel a trip if they're surprised by your destination. If you wait a few minutes after a driver requests a ride to enter your destination, the driver may cancel if they do not want to take you to that area. This can sometimes result in a cancellation fee. Punch in your destination prior to calling your Uber. This way, you can make sure you get a driver willing to take you to a particular destination, reducing the likelihood the driver will cancel.\\nIt's particularly important if you're going to an area that a driver may not want to drive. Areas that are very far away or where traffic is generally busy, such as airports, may cause riders to hesitate.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get to the car in a timely fashion.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure you get to your car as soon as your Uber arrives. Drivers have the right to cancel a trip if you do not make it to their car within two minutes of their arrival. In this case, you can be charged a cancellation fee.\\nSometimes, drivers arrive very quickly to a destination. It's a good idea to get packed and ready before actually calling an Uber so you can head out the door as soon as the driver arrives.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be wary of scams.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, Uber drivers will scam users in order to pick up rides, cancel, and make money from the cancellation fee. In a well known scam, drivers call and claim they can't see your destination and that you need to cancel the ride to fix the problem. Drivers are usually not being honest in this situation and you will end up getting charged a cancellation fee and not getting your ride. If an Uber driver calls you with this story, call Uber customer service and report the driver.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Disputing a Fee\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Report the issue through the Uber app.\", \"描述\": \"If you believe you've been charged a fee unfairly, the easiest way to dispute the fee is to do so directly through the Uber app. Open the Uber app an then hit the menu item. From there, click \\\"I had an issue with my fare.\\\" When the next menu opens, click, \\\"I was charged a cancellation fee.\\\" You will then be prompted to provide the details of how you were charged the fee.\\nUsually, you can get your money back if a driver issue caused a cancellation. For example, if a driver was very late and didn't return your calls, you may have been forced to cancel the ride after five minutes. In this case, Uber may refund you the money as the driver was to blame for the issue.\\nRemember, Uber does reserve the right to charge fees if you cancelled the ride after five minutes or made your driver wait an unreasonable time. Under these circumstances, Uber may not refund you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Reply to receipt e-mails.\", \"描述\": \"If you receive a receipt e-mail from Uber for a cancellation fee, you can reply directly to that e-mail to dispute the fee. You can simply hit \\\"reply\\\" and explain why you feel you were charged unfairly. This can be easier as it requires less steps that disputing your fee via the app.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Request a refund online.\", \"描述\": \"If you click on the help tab of the Uber website, you can dispute a fee there. You will have to sign into the app and then follow the prompts from there. Eventually, you should be able to send Uber a message explaining the issue and requesting your money back.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,229 | How to Avoid Uncomfortable Conversations About Religion | 1. Changing the Conversation
1-1. Redirect the topic subtly to be polite.
This is the most polite way to avoid the conversation about religion. If someone brings it up, follow up with something unrelated without being too obvious.Try to raise questions that lead the other person to talk about different things you appear interested in.
For example, imagine Cousin Marty says something like “Kids these days just aren't going to church. It's all that rock and roll they're listening to. Right?”
You could follow up with “Speaking of kids, I've been meaning to ask: how’s your daughter doing at college?”
1-2. Bridge to a safe topic before religion is brought up.
If you know that you'll be talking to people who like to bring up religion, take charge and steer the conversation elsewhere. By being preemptive, you can stop the awkward conversation before it even begins.
Be prepared with a few neutral conversation starters, like "So what did you all think of the last Game of Thrones episode?" or "Anyone have travel plans for the summer?"
Whenever you're around the person who likes to talk about religion, just lead with one of these neutral topics.
1-3. Find someone to be a buffer.
Bringing someone new into the conversation can lead to a natural shift in topic. If someone won't drop the topic of religion, having a buffer also means you won't be stuck alone in an awkward situation.
You can make the shift suddenly, like “Hey, isn't that Pam over there? Let's catch up with her! Hey Pam! Over here!”
Try to have a friend or ally be your buffer. They'll probably pick up on what's going on and try to help out.
1-4. Respond with total silence.
Sometimes not saying anything at all is the best way to get a point across. If someone brings up religion in an uncomfortable way, look at them and say nothing. It takes a little nerve, but hold the silence for a few seconds and then shift to a neutral topic. This should signal clearly that it's not an appropriate time to discuss religion.
2. Ending the Conversation
2-1. Make up an excuse to leave.
A little white lie is just fine if you're trying to get out of an awkward conversation about religion. Tell the person you've had fun talking to them, but you've actually got to go now.
Make up an excuse where the person can't reasonably follow you.
For instance, if you say you're going to refill your drink, they might try to follow you.
Instead, say you've got to go call home and check on things.
2-2. Try the hard pivot technique.
If someone makes an awkward or offensive remark about religion, you don't have to respond in any way at all. Simply turn and walk away. This might be considered rude, but it's reasonable if it's really not the place or time to talk religion.
2-3. Let stray remarks go rather than starting an argument.
If someone makes a religious comment, even one that annoys you, no one says you have to respond. This is especially true if it seems like an awkward time to pick up the topic. If there’s not a question directed specifically at you, just let the comment go. Leave as soon as you can.
3. Setting Ground Rules
3-1. Declare a debate-free zone.
If you can't escape the conversation, and the person won't let the topic go, be upfront about not wanting to talk. Politely but firmly remind them that religion is a personal and sensitive topic, and it may not be appropriate to discuss it in all situations. Suggest that for the sake of others around you, it's best not to debate religion right now.
3-2. Suggest talking about religion some other time.
If the person is not being combative but wants to talk about religion, tell them another time and place would be better. If you are genuinely interested in talking to them about religion, you can actually set up another time to talk. If you just want them off your back, keep it non-specific.
Something like “Why don't we talk about this at the next company picnic?” should do the trick.
3-3. Agree to disagree.
With reasonable people, this old standby actually works. If someone brings up religion in an awkward situation, tell them you likely don't agree on spiritual matters and should probably talk about something else.
Warnings
You shouldn't turn away from something just because it makes you uncomfortable. Although sometimes it isn't worth discussing with someone that has a narrow point of view, it is necessary to have uncomfortable conversations at times.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:33",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Changing the Conversation\\n1-1. Redirect the topic subtly to be polite.\\nThis is the most polite way to avoid the conversation about religion. If someone brings it up, follow up with something unrelated without being too obvious.Try to raise questions that lead the other person to talk about different things you appear interested in.\\nFor example, imagine Cousin Marty says something like “Kids these days just aren't going to church. It's all that rock and roll they're listening to. Right?”\\nYou could follow up with “Speaking of kids, I've been meaning to ask: how’s your daughter doing at college?”\\n1-2. Bridge to a safe topic before religion is brought up.\\nIf you know that you'll be talking to people who like to bring up religion, take charge and steer the conversation elsewhere. By being preemptive, you can stop the awkward conversation before it even begins.\\nBe prepared with a few neutral conversation starters, like \\\"So what did you all think of the last Game of Thrones episode?\\\" or \\\"Anyone have travel plans for the summer?\\\"\\nWhenever you're around the person who likes to talk about religion, just lead with one of these neutral topics.\\n1-3. Find someone to be a buffer.\\nBringing someone new into the conversation can lead to a natural shift in topic. If someone won't drop the topic of religion, having a buffer also means you won't be stuck alone in an awkward situation.\\nYou can make the shift suddenly, like “Hey, isn't that Pam over there? Let's catch up with her! Hey Pam! Over here!”\\nTry to have a friend or ally be your buffer. They'll probably pick up on what's going on and try to help out.\\n1-4. Respond with total silence.\\nSometimes not saying anything at all is the best way to get a point across. If someone brings up religion in an uncomfortable way, look at them and say nothing. It takes a little nerve, but hold the silence for a few seconds and then shift to a neutral topic. This should signal clearly that it's not an appropriate time to discuss religion.\\n2. Ending the Conversation\\n2-1. Make up an excuse to leave.\\nA little white lie is just fine if you're trying to get out of an awkward conversation about religion. Tell the person you've had fun talking to them, but you've actually got to go now.\\nMake up an excuse where the person can't reasonably follow you.\\nFor instance, if you say you're going to refill your drink, they might try to follow you.\\nInstead, say you've got to go call home and check on things.\\n2-2. Try the hard pivot technique.\\nIf someone makes an awkward or offensive remark about religion, you don't have to respond in any way at all. Simply turn and walk away. This might be considered rude, but it's reasonable if it's really not the place or time to talk religion.\\n2-3. Let stray remarks go rather than starting an argument.\\nIf someone makes a religious comment, even one that annoys you, no one says you have to respond. This is especially true if it seems like an awkward time to pick up the topic. If there’s not a question directed specifically at you, just let the comment go. Leave as soon as you can.\\n3. Setting Ground Rules\\n3-1. Declare a debate-free zone.\\nIf you can't escape the conversation, and the person won't let the topic go, be upfront about not wanting to talk. Politely but firmly remind them that religion is a personal and sensitive topic, and it may not be appropriate to discuss it in all situations. Suggest that for the sake of others around you, it's best not to debate religion right now.\\n3-2. Suggest talking about religion some other time.\\nIf the person is not being combative but wants to talk about religion, tell them another time and place would be better. If you are genuinely interested in talking to them about religion, you can actually set up another time to talk. If you just want them off your back, keep it non-specific.\\nSomething like “Why don't we talk about this at the next company picnic?” should do the trick.\\n3-3. Agree to disagree.\\nWith reasonable people, this old standby actually works. If someone brings up religion in an awkward situation, tell them you likely don't agree on spiritual matters and should probably talk about something else.\\nWarnings\\nYou shouldn't turn away from something just because it makes you uncomfortable. Although sometimes it isn't worth discussing with someone that has a narrow point of view, it is necessary to have uncomfortable conversations at times.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Whether you are religious or not, if someone is trying to draw you into a conversation, or perhaps an argument regarding religion, you might feel the timing and situation is awkward and uncomfortable. You might also simply not be interested in the discussion. Try changing the topic, and if that doesn’t work, you can firmly end the conversation. If you simply can't escape talking to the person about religion, setting a few ground rules can make things bearable.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Changing the Conversation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Redirect the topic subtly to be polite.\", \"描述\": \"This is the most polite way to avoid the conversation about religion. If someone brings it up, follow up with something unrelated without being too obvious.Try to raise questions that lead the other person to talk about different things you appear interested in.\\nFor example, imagine Cousin Marty says something like “Kids these days just aren't going to church. It's all that rock and roll they're listening to. Right?”\\nYou could follow up with “Speaking of kids, I've been meaning to ask: how’s your daughter doing at college?”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Bridge to a safe topic before religion is brought up.\", \"描述\": \"If you know that you'll be talking to people who like to bring up religion, take charge and steer the conversation elsewhere. By being preemptive, you can stop the awkward conversation before it even begins.\\nBe prepared with a few neutral conversation starters, like \\\"So what did you all think of the last Game of Thrones episode?\\\" or \\\"Anyone have travel plans for the summer?\\\"\\nWhenever you're around the person who likes to talk about religion, just lead with one of these neutral topics.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Find someone to be a buffer.\", \"描述\": \"Bringing someone new into the conversation can lead to a natural shift in topic. If someone won't drop the topic of religion, having a buffer also means you won't be stuck alone in an awkward situation.\\nYou can make the shift suddenly, like “Hey, isn't that Pam over there? Let's catch up with her! Hey Pam! Over here!”\\nTry to have a friend or ally be your buffer. They'll probably pick up on what's going on and try to help out.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Respond with total silence.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes not saying anything at all is the best way to get a point across. If someone brings up religion in an uncomfortable way, look at them and say nothing. It takes a little nerve, but hold the silence for a few seconds and then shift to a neutral topic. This should signal clearly that it's not an appropriate time to discuss religion.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ending the Conversation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make up an excuse to leave.\", \"描述\": \"A little white lie is just fine if you're trying to get out of an awkward conversation about religion. Tell the person you've had fun talking to them, but you've actually got to go now.\\nMake up an excuse where the person can't reasonably follow you.\\nFor instance, if you say you're going to refill your drink, they might try to follow you.\\nInstead, say you've got to go call home and check on things.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try the hard pivot technique.\", \"描述\": \"If someone makes an awkward or offensive remark about religion, you don't have to respond in any way at all. Simply turn and walk away. This might be considered rude, but it's reasonable if it's really not the place or time to talk religion.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Let stray remarks go rather than starting an argument.\", \"描述\": \"If someone makes a religious comment, even one that annoys you, no one says you have to respond. This is especially true if it seems like an awkward time to pick up the topic. If there’s not a question directed specifically at you, just let the comment go. Leave as soon as you can.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Setting Ground Rules\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Declare a debate-free zone.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't escape the conversation, and the person won't let the topic go, be upfront about not wanting to talk. Politely but firmly remind them that religion is a personal and sensitive topic, and it may not be appropriate to discuss it in all situations. Suggest that for the sake of others around you, it's best not to debate religion right now.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Suggest talking about religion some other time.\", \"描述\": \"If the person is not being combative but wants to talk about religion, tell them another time and place would be better. If you are genuinely interested in talking to them about religion, you can actually set up another time to talk. If you just want them off your back, keep it non-specific.\\nSomething like “Why don't we talk about this at the next company picnic?” should do the trick.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Agree to disagree.\", \"描述\": \"With reasonable people, this old standby actually works. If someone brings up religion in an awkward situation, tell them you likely don't agree on spiritual matters and should probably talk about something else.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"You shouldn't turn away from something just because it makes you uncomfortable. Although sometimes it isn't worth discussing with someone that has a narrow point of view, it is necessary to have uncomfortable conversations at times.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,230 | How to Avoid Unhealthy Health Goals | 1. Focusing on Health
1-1. Aim for moderation rather than perfection.
Being a perfectionist in your health goals may end up impeding your progress. If you try to be perfect in your new diet and eating habits, you may end up being so hard on yourself that you give up on the diet entirely. Instead, aim for moderate or small improvements in your diet and try to stick to them.
1-2. Consider whether your diet is negatively impacting your social life.
You may want to re-evaluate your new diet if it is stopping you from living the kind of life you want to lead. If your new diet is stopping you from attending social events with friends and family, perhaps you should modify your dietary goals so that you can still have a social life.
There's nothing wrong with going out for ice cream or fast food from time to time. As long as you have healthy habits overall, you're fine.
1-3. Check whether you are routinely cancelling social events to exercise.
Cancelling a lot of social events with friends and family to get to the gym may be a sign of unhealthy exercise goals. The strength of social connections with friends and family is an important factor in your health. Make sure you aren’t sacrificing a healthy social life to get to the gym, since you need both social ties and an active lifestyle to be healthy.
1-4. Reflect on whether you view exercise as a form of compensation for poor eating.
You should not aim to exercise so you can eat more brownies, chips or other junk food. An exercise plan built around compensating for poor eating habits will not make you healthier. Instead, you should focus on a well-rounded, healthy diet and a regular exercise routine.
Exercise should not be "punishment" for eating something. It should be something you enjoy (or at least tolerate), and that you can feel proud of accomplishing.
1-5. Get medical help if you are unsure about your health goals.
Ask your family doctor for advice on specific health goals that would be healthy for you. In conversation with your doctor, set specific and measurable health goals that are meaningful to you.
Ask your doctor: “I see a lot of people doing the vegetarian diet. Do you think this would work for me?”
Inquire: “How much should I exercise each week if I want to lose weight by the summer?”
For instance, if you want to be able to swim a certain distance by the summer, use this as a starting point for setting your goals. The goals you set should be specific and you should be able to measure your progress over time.
2. Avoiding Unhealthy Diet Goals
2-1. Focus more on healthy eating habits and less on a strict diet.
If you want to lose weight, you may be tempted to start a completely new diet from scratch. However, abruptly starting a new diet often results in failure, and yo-yo dieting can harm your metabolism. Start small. Instead, focus on adjusting your habits in little ways:
Buy healthy foods that you enjoy eating. Look for fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. The next time you feel hungry, reach for those.
Don't feel like you have to cut out an entire food group! You need carbs, protein, and fats to function—it's all about getting the right ones in the right amounts.
Instead of eating in front of the television, try mindful eating. You may be consuming too much food because you are eating while “spaced out” instead of focusing on your food. Try to just eat and pay attention to the food, which may help you to eat less.
Stop eating late at night. Eating a lot right before bed tends to lead to weight gain.
Avoid skipping breakfast. If you skip breakfast, you may end up overeating at lunch. More importantly, you need to eat breakfast because your blood sugar levels are low in the morning, and blood sugar is necessary for your brain and muscles to function properly. Give yourself time to enjoy a relaxed and fulfilling breakfast.
Cut back on sugar as best as you can.
2-2. Aim to eat until your feel full instead of losing a certain amount of weight.
Try to train your body to recognize when it is full. This is better than than trying to lose a certain number of pounds, which can often be a poor diet goal because it focuses too much on the outcome and not enough on the necessary behavior changes.
You can train yourself to notice when you are full by serving smaller portions and integrating a “check in” moment at each meal. Serve yourself a small portion. After eating your small portion, check in with your tummy and ask yourself whether you feel full. Give yourself five minutes for the check in before deciding whether or not to eat more food. If you feel full after the five minute wait, you don’t need to eat more.
2-3. Listen to your body.
When you feel hungry, your body is trying to tell you something important. Eat what you need to eat.
Pay attention to cravings. What type of food are you craving? Salt? Fats? Greens? Identify the type of food that your body needs, and look for a reasonably healthy food that fits.
Eat when you're hungry. If it's in between meals, try a healthy snack.
Don't eat food that you hate. Instead, go for a healthy food that you can enjoy. You absorb nutrients better when you like what you're eating. For example, if you like spinach but hate kale, then skip the kale and enjoy a spinach salad.
2-4. Give yourself one cheat meal a week if you are on a new diet.
Instead of eating every meal according to your new diet plan, give yourself a break. By allowing yourself at least one meal where you can eat anything you desire, you will eliminate the feeling that there is no way out. It is better to aim for improvement, as opposed to perfection, so just try to stick to your diet generally and give yourself a break once a week.
2-5. Notice if you feel a strong urge to binge on your “cheat day.”
If you are following a strict diet with one day of the week where you allow yourself to eat anything, it is not an excuse to binge on unhealthy food choices. If you feel a strong urge to binge, it may be that your diet is too restrictive. Work on striking a better balance.
2-6. Reflect on whether you are just following a fad diet.
Your new diet may be unhealthy if you are simply following a new fad diet such as, but not limited to, the Paleo diet or Atkins diet. Although all of these diets can work great for many people and for a variety of reasons, you should not follow a diet simply because it is new and exciting. You should find a diet that works for you and adapt it to your body type, health and fitness goals.
Be cautious about diets that cut out major food groups. These usually aren't sustainable. If you do make the change, consult a doctor first, and try to do it gradually.
3. Avoiding Unhealthy Fitness Goals
3-1. Avoid setting goals based on external sources of information.
Instead of focusing on goals like losing weight or looking trim, find an activity that you truly enjoy. Build your fitness goals around an activity that you really like, as opposed to focusing on abstract goals that you don’t feel connected to.
Instead of focusing on getting ripped abdominal muscles, find a sport you like and join the local recreation league.
Connect fitness to a hobby you enjoy. If you are a photographer, go for a walk with your camera and take pictures along the way.
Instead of focusing on losing a certain amount of weight, find an activity you enjoy that involves exercise and devote time to this activity. If you enjoy walking in the park, spend more time walking in the park and worry less about the amount of weight you need to lose.
3-2. Break down your big goal into smaller goals.
Instead of focusing on one huge goal such as lifting 300 pounds, focus on small and measurable goals. Your goals should be measurable on a weekly basis.
If your big goal is to be able to do 10 push-ups, start with just 1, then 2, then 5, and so on.
If your big goal is to be able to bike for 2 hours straight, first work on biking for 30 minutes, then 45 minutes, et cetera.
If your big goal is to squat 300 pounds, focus on the small goal of increasing your squat lift by five pounds every couple weeks.
If your big goal is to lose fifty pounds, focus on the small goal of going for a run every other day and avoid checking your weight more frequently than once a month.
Take time to reward yourself with a non-food-related prize once you reach your goal! For instance, you might buy yourself a sports bra after exercising consistently for 1 week.
3-3. Change your exercise routine and pay less attention to outcomes.
Instead of focusing on how much you want to squat at the gym or the distance you want to run, focus on your training process. If you make time to practice squatting a few times a week, you should be able to gradually achieve your desired outcome. Pay more attention to your fitness process.
3-4. Avoid expecting instant payback.
You should avoid the expectation to see instant results from your new fitness routine. Going to the gym three or four times a week should improve your overall condition, if that is your goal, but you are unlikely to notice immediate results such as a six pack or vast amounts of weight loss.
3-5. Give yourself enough time to train.
You should allocate a proper amount of time for achieving your fitness goals. If you skimp on time, you may get hurt in the training process. Avoid injuries by giving yourself the proper time to train.
If you want to run a marathon and you are a beginner level runner, you will need around 22 weeks (almost half a year). If you don’t give yourself the proper training time, you may hurt yourself.
Warnings
Extreme dieting and exercising can be a sign of life-threatening illnesses like anorexia.[27]
X
Trustworthy Source
National Eating Disorders Association
Nonprofit organization dedicated to supporting individuals and communities affected by eating disorders
Go to source
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:33",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Focusing on Health\\n1-1. Aim for moderation rather than perfection.\\nBeing a perfectionist in your health goals may end up impeding your progress. If you try to be perfect in your new diet and eating habits, you may end up being so hard on yourself that you give up on the diet entirely. Instead, aim for moderate or small improvements in your diet and try to stick to them.\\n1-2. Consider whether your diet is negatively impacting your social life.\\nYou may want to re-evaluate your new diet if it is stopping you from living the kind of life you want to lead. If your new diet is stopping you from attending social events with friends and family, perhaps you should modify your dietary goals so that you can still have a social life.\\nThere's nothing wrong with going out for ice cream or fast food from time to time. As long as you have healthy habits overall, you're fine.\\n1-3. Check whether you are routinely cancelling social events to exercise.\\nCancelling a lot of social events with friends and family to get to the gym may be a sign of unhealthy exercise goals. The strength of social connections with friends and family is an important factor in your health. Make sure you aren’t sacrificing a healthy social life to get to the gym, since you need both social ties and an active lifestyle to be healthy.\\n1-4. Reflect on whether you view exercise as a form of compensation for poor eating.\\nYou should not aim to exercise so you can eat more brownies, chips or other junk food. An exercise plan built around compensating for poor eating habits will not make you healthier. Instead, you should focus on a well-rounded, healthy diet and a regular exercise routine.\\nExercise should not be \\\"punishment\\\" for eating something. It should be something you enjoy (or at least tolerate), and that you can feel proud of accomplishing.\\n1-5. Get medical help if you are unsure about your health goals.\\nAsk your family doctor for advice on specific health goals that would be healthy for you. In conversation with your doctor, set specific and measurable health goals that are meaningful to you.\\nAsk your doctor: “I see a lot of people doing the vegetarian diet. Do you think this would work for me?”\\nInquire: “How much should I exercise each week if I want to lose weight by the summer?”\\nFor instance, if you want to be able to swim a certain distance by the summer, use this as a starting point for setting your goals. The goals you set should be specific and you should be able to measure your progress over time.\\n2. Avoiding Unhealthy Diet Goals\\n2-1. Focus more on healthy eating habits and less on a strict diet.\\nIf you want to lose weight, you may be tempted to start a completely new diet from scratch. However, abruptly starting a new diet often results in failure, and yo-yo dieting can harm your metabolism. Start small. Instead, focus on adjusting your habits in little ways: \\nBuy healthy foods that you enjoy eating. Look for fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. The next time you feel hungry, reach for those.\\nDon't feel like you have to cut out an entire food group! You need carbs, protein, and fats to function—it's all about getting the right ones in the right amounts.\\nInstead of eating in front of the television, try mindful eating. You may be consuming too much food because you are eating while “spaced out” instead of focusing on your food. Try to just eat and pay attention to the food, which may help you to eat less.\\nStop eating late at night. Eating a lot right before bed tends to lead to weight gain.\\nAvoid skipping breakfast. If you skip breakfast, you may end up overeating at lunch. More importantly, you need to eat breakfast because your blood sugar levels are low in the morning, and blood sugar is necessary for your brain and muscles to function properly. Give yourself time to enjoy a relaxed and fulfilling breakfast.\\nCut back on sugar as best as you can.\\n2-2. Aim to eat until your feel full instead of losing a certain amount of weight.\\nTry to train your body to recognize when it is full. This is better than than trying to lose a certain number of pounds, which can often be a poor diet goal because it focuses too much on the outcome and not enough on the necessary behavior changes. \\nYou can train yourself to notice when you are full by serving smaller portions and integrating a “check in” moment at each meal. Serve yourself a small portion. After eating your small portion, check in with your tummy and ask yourself whether you feel full. Give yourself five minutes for the check in before deciding whether or not to eat more food. If you feel full after the five minute wait, you don’t need to eat more.\\n2-3. Listen to your body.\\nWhen you feel hungry, your body is trying to tell you something important. Eat what you need to eat.\\nPay attention to cravings. What type of food are you craving? Salt? Fats? Greens? Identify the type of food that your body needs, and look for a reasonably healthy food that fits.\\nEat when you're hungry. If it's in between meals, try a healthy snack.\\nDon't eat food that you hate. Instead, go for a healthy food that you can enjoy. You absorb nutrients better when you like what you're eating. For example, if you like spinach but hate kale, then skip the kale and enjoy a spinach salad.\\n2-4. Give yourself one cheat meal a week if you are on a new diet.\\nInstead of eating every meal according to your new diet plan, give yourself a break. By allowing yourself at least one meal where you can eat anything you desire, you will eliminate the feeling that there is no way out. It is better to aim for improvement, as opposed to perfection, so just try to stick to your diet generally and give yourself a break once a week.\\n2-5. Notice if you feel a strong urge to binge on your “cheat day.”\\nIf you are following a strict diet with one day of the week where you allow yourself to eat anything, it is not an excuse to binge on unhealthy food choices. If you feel a strong urge to binge, it may be that your diet is too restrictive. Work on striking a better balance.\\n2-6. Reflect on whether you are just following a fad diet.\\nYour new diet may be unhealthy if you are simply following a new fad diet such as, but not limited to, the Paleo diet or Atkins diet. Although all of these diets can work great for many people and for a variety of reasons, you should not follow a diet simply because it is new and exciting. You should find a diet that works for you and adapt it to your body type, health and fitness goals.\\nBe cautious about diets that cut out major food groups. These usually aren't sustainable. If you do make the change, consult a doctor first, and try to do it gradually.\\n3. Avoiding Unhealthy Fitness Goals\\n3-1. Avoid setting goals based on external sources of information.\\nInstead of focusing on goals like losing weight or looking trim, find an activity that you truly enjoy. Build your fitness goals around an activity that you really like, as opposed to focusing on abstract goals that you don’t feel connected to.\\nInstead of focusing on getting ripped abdominal muscles, find a sport you like and join the local recreation league.\\nConnect fitness to a hobby you enjoy. If you are a photographer, go for a walk with your camera and take pictures along the way.\\nInstead of focusing on losing a certain amount of weight, find an activity you enjoy that involves exercise and devote time to this activity. If you enjoy walking in the park, spend more time walking in the park and worry less about the amount of weight you need to lose.\\n3-2. Break down your big goal into smaller goals.\\nInstead of focusing on one huge goal such as lifting 300 pounds, focus on small and measurable goals. Your goals should be measurable on a weekly basis.\\nIf your big goal is to be able to do 10 push-ups, start with just 1, then 2, then 5, and so on.\\nIf your big goal is to be able to bike for 2 hours straight, first work on biking for 30 minutes, then 45 minutes, et cetera.\\nIf your big goal is to squat 300 pounds, focus on the small goal of increasing your squat lift by five pounds every couple weeks.\\nIf your big goal is to lose fifty pounds, focus on the small goal of going for a run every other day and avoid checking your weight more frequently than once a month.\\nTake time to reward yourself with a non-food-related prize once you reach your goal! For instance, you might buy yourself a sports bra after exercising consistently for 1 week.\\n3-3. Change your exercise routine and pay less attention to outcomes.\\nInstead of focusing on how much you want to squat at the gym or the distance you want to run, focus on your training process. If you make time to practice squatting a few times a week, you should be able to gradually achieve your desired outcome. Pay more attention to your fitness process.\\n3-4. Avoid expecting instant payback.\\nYou should avoid the expectation to see instant results from your new fitness routine. Going to the gym three or four times a week should improve your overall condition, if that is your goal, but you are unlikely to notice immediate results such as a six pack or vast amounts of weight loss.\\n3-5. Give yourself enough time to train.\\nYou should allocate a proper amount of time for achieving your fitness goals. If you skimp on time, you may get hurt in the training process. Avoid injuries by giving yourself the proper time to train.\\nIf you want to run a marathon and you are a beginner level runner, you will need around 22 weeks (almost half a year). If you don’t give yourself the proper training time, you may hurt yourself.\\nWarnings\\nExtreme dieting and exercising can be a sign of life-threatening illnesses like anorexia.[27]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nNational Eating Disorders Association\\nNonprofit organization dedicated to supporting individuals and communities affected by eating disorders\\nGo to source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Unhealthy health goals are all too common. Bad health goals often involve focusing too much on the outcome and not enough on the process of getting healthy. Bad goals include trying to lose a large amount of weight in a short time frame or training for a marathon without allocating enough time. These efforts usually lead to weight gain if you do not continue them. Choosing a fad diet that doesn’t meet your personal goals is another example of an unhealthy health goal. To avoid unhealthy health goals, you should focus more on the process of getting healthy. Direct your attention to small changes in your eating and fitness behavior that will allow you to gradually move towards your overall health goals.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Focusing on Health\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Aim for moderation rather than perfection.\", \"描述\": \"Being a perfectionist in your health goals may end up impeding your progress. If you try to be perfect in your new diet and eating habits, you may end up being so hard on yourself that you give up on the diet entirely. Instead, aim for moderate or small improvements in your diet and try to stick to them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider whether your diet is negatively impacting your social life.\", \"描述\": \"You may want to re-evaluate your new diet if it is stopping you from living the kind of life you want to lead. If your new diet is stopping you from attending social events with friends and family, perhaps you should modify your dietary goals so that you can still have a social life.\\nThere's nothing wrong with going out for ice cream or fast food from time to time. As long as you have healthy habits overall, you're fine.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check whether you are routinely cancelling social events to exercise.\", \"描述\": \"Cancelling a lot of social events with friends and family to get to the gym may be a sign of unhealthy exercise goals. The strength of social connections with friends and family is an important factor in your health. Make sure you aren’t sacrificing a healthy social life to get to the gym, since you need both social ties and an active lifestyle to be healthy.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Reflect on whether you view exercise as a form of compensation for poor eating.\", \"描述\": \"You should not aim to exercise so you can eat more brownies, chips or other junk food. An exercise plan built around compensating for poor eating habits will not make you healthier. Instead, you should focus on a well-rounded, healthy diet and a regular exercise routine.\\nExercise should not be \\\"punishment\\\" for eating something. It should be something you enjoy (or at least tolerate), and that you can feel proud of accomplishing.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get medical help if you are unsure about your health goals.\", \"描述\": \"Ask your family doctor for advice on specific health goals that would be healthy for you. In conversation with your doctor, set specific and measurable health goals that are meaningful to you.\\nAsk your doctor: “I see a lot of people doing the vegetarian diet. Do you think this would work for me?”\\nInquire: “How much should I exercise each week if I want to lose weight by the summer?”\\nFor instance, if you want to be able to swim a certain distance by the summer, use this as a starting point for setting your goals. The goals you set should be specific and you should be able to measure your progress over time.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Unhealthy Diet Goals\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Focus more on healthy eating habits and less on a strict diet.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to lose weight, you may be tempted to start a completely new diet from scratch. However, abruptly starting a new diet often results in failure, and yo-yo dieting can harm your metabolism. Start small. Instead, focus on adjusting your habits in little ways: \\nBuy healthy foods that you enjoy eating. Look for fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. The next time you feel hungry, reach for those.\\nDon't feel like you have to cut out an entire food group! You need carbs, protein, and fats to function—it's all about getting the right ones in the right amounts.\\nInstead of eating in front of the television, try mindful eating. You may be consuming too much food because you are eating while “spaced out” instead of focusing on your food. Try to just eat and pay attention to the food, which may help you to eat less.\\nStop eating late at night. Eating a lot right before bed tends to lead to weight gain.\\nAvoid skipping breakfast. If you skip breakfast, you may end up overeating at lunch. More importantly, you need to eat breakfast because your blood sugar levels are low in the morning, and blood sugar is necessary for your brain and muscles to function properly. Give yourself time to enjoy a relaxed and fulfilling breakfast.\\nCut back on sugar as best as you can.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Aim to eat until your feel full instead of losing a certain amount of weight.\", \"描述\": \"Try to train your body to recognize when it is full. This is better than than trying to lose a certain number of pounds, which can often be a poor diet goal because it focuses too much on the outcome and not enough on the necessary behavior changes. \\nYou can train yourself to notice when you are full by serving smaller portions and integrating a “check in” moment at each meal. Serve yourself a small portion. After eating your small portion, check in with your tummy and ask yourself whether you feel full. Give yourself five minutes for the check in before deciding whether or not to eat more food. If you feel full after the five minute wait, you don’t need to eat more.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Listen to your body.\", \"描述\": \"When you feel hungry, your body is trying to tell you something important. Eat what you need to eat.\\nPay attention to cravings. What type of food are you craving? Salt? Fats? Greens? Identify the type of food that your body needs, and look for a reasonably healthy food that fits.\\nEat when you're hungry. If it's in between meals, try a healthy snack.\\nDon't eat food that you hate. Instead, go for a healthy food that you can enjoy. You absorb nutrients better when you like what you're eating. For example, if you like spinach but hate kale, then skip the kale and enjoy a spinach salad.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Give yourself one cheat meal a week if you are on a new diet.\", \"描述\": \"Instead of eating every meal according to your new diet plan, give yourself a break. By allowing yourself at least one meal where you can eat anything you desire, you will eliminate the feeling that there is no way out. It is better to aim for improvement, as opposed to perfection, so just try to stick to your diet generally and give yourself a break once a week.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Notice if you feel a strong urge to binge on your “cheat day.”\", \"描述\": \"If you are following a strict diet with one day of the week where you allow yourself to eat anything, it is not an excuse to binge on unhealthy food choices. If you feel a strong urge to binge, it may be that your diet is too restrictive. Work on striking a better balance.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Reflect on whether you are just following a fad diet.\", \"描述\": \"Your new diet may be unhealthy if you are simply following a new fad diet such as, but not limited to, the Paleo diet or Atkins diet. Although all of these diets can work great for many people and for a variety of reasons, you should not follow a diet simply because it is new and exciting. You should find a diet that works for you and adapt it to your body type, health and fitness goals.\\nBe cautious about diets that cut out major food groups. These usually aren't sustainable. If you do make the change, consult a doctor first, and try to do it gradually.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Unhealthy Fitness Goals\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid setting goals based on external sources of information.\", \"描述\": \"Instead of focusing on goals like losing weight or looking trim, find an activity that you truly enjoy. Build your fitness goals around an activity that you really like, as opposed to focusing on abstract goals that you don’t feel connected to.\\nInstead of focusing on getting ripped abdominal muscles, find a sport you like and join the local recreation league.\\nConnect fitness to a hobby you enjoy. If you are a photographer, go for a walk with your camera and take pictures along the way.\\nInstead of focusing on losing a certain amount of weight, find an activity you enjoy that involves exercise and devote time to this activity. If you enjoy walking in the park, spend more time walking in the park and worry less about the amount of weight you need to lose.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Break down your big goal into smaller goals.\", \"描述\": \"Instead of focusing on one huge goal such as lifting 300 pounds, focus on small and measurable goals. Your goals should be measurable on a weekly basis.\\nIf your big goal is to be able to do 10 push-ups, start with just 1, then 2, then 5, and so on.\\nIf your big goal is to be able to bike for 2 hours straight, first work on biking for 30 minutes, then 45 minutes, et cetera.\\nIf your big goal is to squat 300 pounds, focus on the small goal of increasing your squat lift by five pounds every couple weeks.\\nIf your big goal is to lose fifty pounds, focus on the small goal of going for a run every other day and avoid checking your weight more frequently than once a month.\\nTake time to reward yourself with a non-food-related prize once you reach your goal! For instance, you might buy yourself a sports bra after exercising consistently for 1 week.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Change your exercise routine and pay less attention to outcomes.\", \"描述\": \"Instead of focusing on how much you want to squat at the gym or the distance you want to run, focus on your training process. If you make time to practice squatting a few times a week, you should be able to gradually achieve your desired outcome. Pay more attention to your fitness process.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid expecting instant payback.\", \"描述\": \"You should avoid the expectation to see instant results from your new fitness routine. Going to the gym three or four times a week should improve your overall condition, if that is your goal, but you are unlikely to notice immediate results such as a six pack or vast amounts of weight loss.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Give yourself enough time to train.\", \"描述\": \"You should allocate a proper amount of time for achieving your fitness goals. If you skimp on time, you may get hurt in the training process. Avoid injuries by giving yourself the proper time to train.\\nIf you want to run a marathon and you are a beginner level runner, you will need around 22 weeks (almost half a year). If you don’t give yourself the proper training time, you may hurt yourself.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Extreme dieting and exercising can be a sign of life-threatening illnesses like anorexia.[27]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nNational Eating Disorders Association\\nNonprofit organization dedicated to supporting individuals and communities affected by eating disorders\\nGo to source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,231 | How to Avoid Unionization of a Company | 1. Maintaining Fair and Consistent Policies
1-1. Distribute a written employee handbook.
Provide all of your employees with a handbook containing all workplace policies, terms, and conditions of employment.
Keep abreast of developments in state and federal labor and employment law, and update your handbook as necessary so that it complies with all applicable legal requirements.
If any provision of your handbook violates state or federal law, a union organizer could use this as evidence that your employees need a union to stand up for their rights.
Your employees are more likely to feel they work in a fair environment if they know what is expected of them and understand the policies you've established.
1-2. Provide training and continuing education opportunities.
Regular training and refresher courses ensure that all employees understand your workplace policies.
Have additional training for supervisors that covers positive leadership and management strategies.
Follow the lead of non-unionized Fortune 500 companies that have been recognized for innovative personnel policies. Many of these companies such as Hewlett-Packard provide top-notch training programs and promotion from within.
1-3. Hold regular employee meetings.
Regular meetings allow employees to express opinions on recent incidents or policy changes and encourage a team atmosphere.
Meetings and conferences where everyone is on equal footing let employees know that you are open to their suggestions and willing to work with them to solve problems and alleviate concerns.
Keeping employees up-to-date with accurate company information can help decrease insecurity and speculation about company's policies or financial health.
You also might consider producing a company newsletter on a monthly basis. Choose a couple of employees who are very connected and social to run the newsletter, and include reports about the company as well as human interest stories about employees.
1-4. Encourage open-door policies among supervisors.
Supervisors should be available any time employees have questions or concerns about any aspect of the workplace.
Make sure all of your supervisors have good communication skills and are effective at motivating and inspiring the employees they manage.
If you've established a policy of promoting from within, over time your managers and supervisors will be employees who have come up in the ranks. While they may know some of the workers personally, they also know the ins and outs of the job those workers are doing and what issues may naturally arise.
1-5. Build a positive and healthy work environment.
Employees will be less likely to unionize if they are satisfied with the conditions of their workplace.
Occupational and workplace safety are key employee concerns targeted by union organizers, particularly in the blue collar sector. Avoiding unionization of your company therefore means making health and safety a priority.
Promote a team environment in which employees from different departments understand that they're all working together to achieve the same goals. Union organizers may seek to divide your workforce and target individual departments first, but having a staff that understands how all employees are interconnected can help avoid unionization.
Keep the company close. Employees are less likely to unionize if they have close, positive relationships with the owners and managers of the company.
2. Providing Competitive Pay and Benefits
2-1. Review market earnings and adjust accordingly.
Since employee dissatisfaction and turnover is often related to the perception that other companies pay better, staying ahead of the curve can help avoid unionization.
Conducting wage surveys allows you to remain competitive in the industry with the wages and benefits you offer.
Offering competitive salary also can decrease employee turnover. If good employees know they can get paid more elsewhere for doing the same job, they're more likely to leave.
Don't just look at non-unionized companies, look at unionized companies in your field as well. If you're paying as well as unionized companies do, employees will have little incentive to unionize.
2-2. Develop a comprehensive benefits package.
Providing good health and retirement benefits for employees and their families sends a signal that you are looking out for your employees' well-being.
Consider implementing an employee stock purchase program or cash profit sharing to give employees an ownership stake in the company and the opportunity to share in the company's success.
Make your benefits program visible, and provide information for your employees on how your benefits package stacks up to your competitors.
Benefits packages should include more than just health insurance. Many companies now offer paid time off for vacation, illnesses, and holidays, disability insurance, and retirement plans.
You also should consider on-site amenities such as employee gyms or daycare facilities to provide money-saving options for your employees as well as improve their health and welfare.
2-3. Make claims procedures simple and straightforward.
Benefits such as paid vacation time aren't real if employees have to jump through hoops to get them.
If you offer flexible time or large amounts of personal or vacation leave, make sure employees aren't criticized or negatively impacted for taking it. For example, you may offer six months' leave for new parents, but your new parents will seldom take advantage of it if they are looked down upon for doing so, or if new parents in upper management never take more than six weeks off.
2-4. Establish a regular performance review system.
Employees need feedback on their performance, and rewarding positive performance fosters workplace satisfaction.
Maintaining a policy of promoting from within also can increase loyalty among employees and decrease the likelihood of unionization.
Establishing standard merit-based increases based on regular (for example, quarterly) performance reviews provides employees an incentive to work harder.
Provide additional incentives for long-term employees to encourage loyalty and longevity. Not only does this help avoid unionization, it also saves you money you would have to spend finding and training new workers.
2-5. Create achievable bonuses and incentives.
If you want to avoid unionization, consider rewarding not just productivity but also the passage of other benchmarks in safety and efficiency.
For example, you might offer bonuses for perfect attendance, or for achieving certain scores on regular health or safety inspections.
Along with rewards for good work, make sure under-performing employees are disciplined consistently. Providing rewards without consequences can be a disincentive for average employees who meet expectations but aren't outstanding.
2-6. Terminate employment only for just cause.
Rather than parroting the "employment at will" policies of other companies, provide your employees with contracts and maintain a written list of acceptable reasons for termination.
Keep in mind that employees have claims under many employment laws regardless of whether you have an employment-at-will policy. The policy itself offers you limited protection and makes employees feel disadvantaged because it appears you hold all the power.
Providing employment under a contract, on the other hand, enables employees to feel they have responsibility over the terms of their employment.
Only terminating employment for just cause gives employees a strong sense of job security and reinforces that their continued employment with your company is based on their job performance.
3. Resolving Disputes Effectively
3-1. Designate more than one employee to handle complaints.
Employees are more likely to report problems if they can talk to someone they trust and with whom they feel comfortable.
Beyond providing a means for employees to report problems, it's important to communicate with your employees regularly and seek out possible issues that aren't being addressed. Many employees are afraid to rock the boat by making a complaint, but if asked they will tell you about a situation that could potentially become a serious problem if not addressed.
3-2. Keep written records of all complaints.
In the event a complaint escalates, you want proof of everything that was said and every action that was taken to address the complaint.
Written records also are essential so complaints resolved by lower-level supervisors can be reviewed by upper-level management. If upper-level management displays an interest in these problems and a commitment to fairness, the employees will see them as responsive to employee concerns and will be less likely to seek unionization.
Make sure you listen to the employee with the complaint and understand the problem before taking action. For example, you might interview the employee and take notes, then repeat your notes back to the employee so he or she can confirm you have a good understanding of the situation.
Taking notes also is important because details can get fuzzy later on. A written record can serve as a reminder of what was said and the actions that were taken if the issue resurfaces.
3-3. Investigate issues raised by employees promptly.
Once an employee brings a problem to your attention, take it seriously and look into it as soon as possible.
Grievances filed with management should be discussed with the employee within a few days of the date the complaint is filed. After that, keep the employee who filed the original complaint apprised of the progress of your investigation.
Your investigation must be rigorous and thorough, emphasizing the respect with which complaints are taken and resolved.
Depending on the complaint, you may need to interview co-workers of the employee who filed the complaint and find out if they agree with the complaint. Once you have knowledge of an issue, you can't react appropriately until you know if it is isolated or widespread.
3-4. Apply standards and policies uniformly.
Employees will view any policy you have as meaningless if certain employees are allowed to skate by with a warning or aren't disciplined appropriately for infractions.
If you fail to enforce a policy the same way against all employees, regardless of their role or status in the company, you send a signal that the rules don't apply to everyone. This can lead to dissatisfaction and resentment among employees.
Playing favorites or applying policies inconsistently can lead employees to seek unionization because they get the message that their concerns are not respected or that you only pay lip-service to the policies rather than actually applying them as you say you will.
3-5. Follow up after changes have been implemented.
Rather than assuming a problem has been resolved, check in with the employee who first brought it to your attention and make sure there aren't any lingering issues.
Following up after the fact sends a signal to your employees that you actually care about the situation, not just about getting rid of the complaint.
Employees who see management as caring and responsive to their problems are less likely to seek unionization.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:33",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Maintaining Fair and Consistent Policies\\n1-1. Distribute a written employee handbook.\\nProvide all of your employees with a handbook containing all workplace policies, terms, and conditions of employment.\\nKeep abreast of developments in state and federal labor and employment law, and update your handbook as necessary so that it complies with all applicable legal requirements.\\nIf any provision of your handbook violates state or federal law, a union organizer could use this as evidence that your employees need a union to stand up for their rights.\\nYour employees are more likely to feel they work in a fair environment if they know what is expected of them and understand the policies you've established.\\n1-2. Provide training and continuing education opportunities.\\nRegular training and refresher courses ensure that all employees understand your workplace policies.\\nHave additional training for supervisors that covers positive leadership and management strategies.\\nFollow the lead of non-unionized Fortune 500 companies that have been recognized for innovative personnel policies. Many of these companies such as Hewlett-Packard provide top-notch training programs and promotion from within.\\n1-3. Hold regular employee meetings.\\nRegular meetings allow employees to express opinions on recent incidents or policy changes and encourage a team atmosphere.\\nMeetings and conferences where everyone is on equal footing let employees know that you are open to their suggestions and willing to work with them to solve problems and alleviate concerns.\\nKeeping employees up-to-date with accurate company information can help decrease insecurity and speculation about company's policies or financial health.\\nYou also might consider producing a company newsletter on a monthly basis. Choose a couple of employees who are very connected and social to run the newsletter, and include reports about the company as well as human interest stories about employees.\\n1-4. Encourage open-door policies among supervisors.\\nSupervisors should be available any time employees have questions or concerns about any aspect of the workplace.\\nMake sure all of your supervisors have good communication skills and are effective at motivating and inspiring the employees they manage.\\nIf you've established a policy of promoting from within, over time your managers and supervisors will be employees who have come up in the ranks. While they may know some of the workers personally, they also know the ins and outs of the job those workers are doing and what issues may naturally arise.\\n1-5. Build a positive and healthy work environment.\\nEmployees will be less likely to unionize if they are satisfied with the conditions of their workplace.\\nOccupational and workplace safety are key employee concerns targeted by union organizers, particularly in the blue collar sector. Avoiding unionization of your company therefore means making health and safety a priority.\\nPromote a team environment in which employees from different departments understand that they're all working together to achieve the same goals. Union organizers may seek to divide your workforce and target individual departments first, but having a staff that understands how all employees are interconnected can help avoid unionization.\\nKeep the company close. Employees are less likely to unionize if they have close, positive relationships with the owners and managers of the company.\\n2. Providing Competitive Pay and Benefits\\n2-1. Review market earnings and adjust accordingly.\\nSince employee dissatisfaction and turnover is often related to the perception that other companies pay better, staying ahead of the curve can help avoid unionization.\\nConducting wage surveys allows you to remain competitive in the industry with the wages and benefits you offer.\\nOffering competitive salary also can decrease employee turnover. If good employees know they can get paid more elsewhere for doing the same job, they're more likely to leave.\\nDon't just look at non-unionized companies, look at unionized companies in your field as well. If you're paying as well as unionized companies do, employees will have little incentive to unionize.\\n2-2. Develop a comprehensive benefits package.\\nProviding good health and retirement benefits for employees and their families sends a signal that you are looking out for your employees' well-being.\\nConsider implementing an employee stock purchase program or cash profit sharing to give employees an ownership stake in the company and the opportunity to share in the company's success.\\nMake your benefits program visible, and provide information for your employees on how your benefits package stacks up to your competitors.\\nBenefits packages should include more than just health insurance. Many companies now offer paid time off for vacation, illnesses, and holidays, disability insurance, and retirement plans.\\nYou also should consider on-site amenities such as employee gyms or daycare facilities to provide money-saving options for your employees as well as improve their health and welfare.\\n2-3. Make claims procedures simple and straightforward.\\nBenefits such as paid vacation time aren't real if employees have to jump through hoops to get them.\\nIf you offer flexible time or large amounts of personal or vacation leave, make sure employees aren't criticized or negatively impacted for taking it. For example, you may offer six months' leave for new parents, but your new parents will seldom take advantage of it if they are looked down upon for doing so, or if new parents in upper management never take more than six weeks off.\\n2-4. Establish a regular performance review system.\\nEmployees need feedback on their performance, and rewarding positive performance fosters workplace satisfaction.\\nMaintaining a policy of promoting from within also can increase loyalty among employees and decrease the likelihood of unionization.\\nEstablishing standard merit-based increases based on regular (for example, quarterly) performance reviews provides employees an incentive to work harder.\\nProvide additional incentives for long-term employees to encourage loyalty and longevity. Not only does this help avoid unionization, it also saves you money you would have to spend finding and training new workers.\\n2-5. Create achievable bonuses and incentives.\\nIf you want to avoid unionization, consider rewarding not just productivity but also the passage of other benchmarks in safety and efficiency.\\nFor example, you might offer bonuses for perfect attendance, or for achieving certain scores on regular health or safety inspections.\\nAlong with rewards for good work, make sure under-performing employees are disciplined consistently. Providing rewards without consequences can be a disincentive for average employees who meet expectations but aren't outstanding.\\n2-6. Terminate employment only for just cause.\\nRather than parroting the \\\"employment at will\\\" policies of other companies, provide your employees with contracts and maintain a written list of acceptable reasons for termination.\\nKeep in mind that employees have claims under many employment laws regardless of whether you have an employment-at-will policy. The policy itself offers you limited protection and makes employees feel disadvantaged because it appears you hold all the power.\\nProviding employment under a contract, on the other hand, enables employees to feel they have responsibility over the terms of their employment.\\nOnly terminating employment for just cause gives employees a strong sense of job security and reinforces that their continued employment with your company is based on their job performance.\\n3. Resolving Disputes Effectively\\n3-1. Designate more than one employee to handle complaints.\\nEmployees are more likely to report problems if they can talk to someone they trust and with whom they feel comfortable.\\nBeyond providing a means for employees to report problems, it's important to communicate with your employees regularly and seek out possible issues that aren't being addressed. Many employees are afraid to rock the boat by making a complaint, but if asked they will tell you about a situation that could potentially become a serious problem if not addressed.\\n3-2. Keep written records of all complaints.\\nIn the event a complaint escalates, you want proof of everything that was said and every action that was taken to address the complaint.\\nWritten records also are essential so complaints resolved by lower-level supervisors can be reviewed by upper-level management. If upper-level management displays an interest in these problems and a commitment to fairness, the employees will see them as responsive to employee concerns and will be less likely to seek unionization.\\nMake sure you listen to the employee with the complaint and understand the problem before taking action. For example, you might interview the employee and take notes, then repeat your notes back to the employee so he or she can confirm you have a good understanding of the situation.\\nTaking notes also is important because details can get fuzzy later on. A written record can serve as a reminder of what was said and the actions that were taken if the issue resurfaces.\\n3-3. Investigate issues raised by employees promptly.\\nOnce an employee brings a problem to your attention, take it seriously and look into it as soon as possible.\\nGrievances filed with management should be discussed with the employee within a few days of the date the complaint is filed. After that, keep the employee who filed the original complaint apprised of the progress of your investigation.\\nYour investigation must be rigorous and thorough, emphasizing the respect with which complaints are taken and resolved.\\nDepending on the complaint, you may need to interview co-workers of the employee who filed the complaint and find out if they agree with the complaint. Once you have knowledge of an issue, you can't react appropriately until you know if it is isolated or widespread.\\n3-4. Apply standards and policies uniformly.\\nEmployees will view any policy you have as meaningless if certain employees are allowed to skate by with a warning or aren't disciplined appropriately for infractions.\\nIf you fail to enforce a policy the same way against all employees, regardless of their role or status in the company, you send a signal that the rules don't apply to everyone. This can lead to dissatisfaction and resentment among employees.\\nPlaying favorites or applying policies inconsistently can lead employees to seek unionization because they get the message that their concerns are not respected or that you only pay lip-service to the policies rather than actually applying them as you say you will.\\n3-5. Follow up after changes have been implemented.\\nRather than assuming a problem has been resolved, check in with the employee who first brought it to your attention and make sure there aren't any lingering issues.\\nFollowing up after the fact sends a signal to your employees that you actually care about the situation, not just about getting rid of the complaint.\\nEmployees who see management as caring and responsive to their problems are less likely to seek unionization.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Employees seek unionization when they perceive the company is unfair, unresponsive to employee concerns, and offers substandard working conditions. The National Labor Relations Act forbids employers from interfering with the process of unionization once employees have begun it. However, you can avoid unionization of your company by minimizing employee dissatisfaction – specifically, by addressing the key areas that cause employees to unionize in the first place. If your employees believe that they are well compensated, and that you are responsive to their concerns and treat everyone fairly, they will have little incentive to unionize.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Maintaining Fair and Consistent Policies\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Distribute a written employee handbook.\", \"描述\": \"Provide all of your employees with a handbook containing all workplace policies, terms, and conditions of employment.\\nKeep abreast of developments in state and federal labor and employment law, and update your handbook as necessary so that it complies with all applicable legal requirements.\\nIf any provision of your handbook violates state or federal law, a union organizer could use this as evidence that your employees need a union to stand up for their rights.\\nYour employees are more likely to feel they work in a fair environment if they know what is expected of them and understand the policies you've established.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Provide training and continuing education opportunities.\", \"描述\": \"Regular training and refresher courses ensure that all employees understand your workplace policies.\\nHave additional training for supervisors that covers positive leadership and management strategies.\\nFollow the lead of non-unionized Fortune 500 companies that have been recognized for innovative personnel policies. Many of these companies such as Hewlett-Packard provide top-notch training programs and promotion from within.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Hold regular employee meetings.\", \"描述\": \"Regular meetings allow employees to express opinions on recent incidents or policy changes and encourage a team atmosphere.\\nMeetings and conferences where everyone is on equal footing let employees know that you are open to their suggestions and willing to work with them to solve problems and alleviate concerns.\\nKeeping employees up-to-date with accurate company information can help decrease insecurity and speculation about company's policies or financial health.\\nYou also might consider producing a company newsletter on a monthly basis. Choose a couple of employees who are very connected and social to run the newsletter, and include reports about the company as well as human interest stories about employees.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Encourage open-door policies among supervisors.\", \"描述\": \"Supervisors should be available any time employees have questions or concerns about any aspect of the workplace.\\nMake sure all of your supervisors have good communication skills and are effective at motivating and inspiring the employees they manage.\\nIf you've established a policy of promoting from within, over time your managers and supervisors will be employees who have come up in the ranks. While they may know some of the workers personally, they also know the ins and outs of the job those workers are doing and what issues may naturally arise.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Build a positive and healthy work environment.\", \"描述\": \"Employees will be less likely to unionize if they are satisfied with the conditions of their workplace.\\nOccupational and workplace safety are key employee concerns targeted by union organizers, particularly in the blue collar sector. Avoiding unionization of your company therefore means making health and safety a priority.\\nPromote a team environment in which employees from different departments understand that they're all working together to achieve the same goals. Union organizers may seek to divide your workforce and target individual departments first, but having a staff that understands how all employees are interconnected can help avoid unionization.\\nKeep the company close. Employees are less likely to unionize if they have close, positive relationships with the owners and managers of the company.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Providing Competitive Pay and Benefits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Review market earnings and adjust accordingly.\", \"描述\": \"Since employee dissatisfaction and turnover is often related to the perception that other companies pay better, staying ahead of the curve can help avoid unionization.\\nConducting wage surveys allows you to remain competitive in the industry with the wages and benefits you offer.\\nOffering competitive salary also can decrease employee turnover. If good employees know they can get paid more elsewhere for doing the same job, they're more likely to leave.\\nDon't just look at non-unionized companies, look at unionized companies in your field as well. If you're paying as well as unionized companies do, employees will have little incentive to unionize.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Develop a comprehensive benefits package.\", \"描述\": \"Providing good health and retirement benefits for employees and their families sends a signal that you are looking out for your employees' well-being.\\nConsider implementing an employee stock purchase program or cash profit sharing to give employees an ownership stake in the company and the opportunity to share in the company's success.\\nMake your benefits program visible, and provide information for your employees on how your benefits package stacks up to your competitors.\\nBenefits packages should include more than just health insurance. Many companies now offer paid time off for vacation, illnesses, and holidays, disability insurance, and retirement plans.\\nYou also should consider on-site amenities such as employee gyms or daycare facilities to provide money-saving options for your employees as well as improve their health and welfare.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make claims procedures simple and straightforward.\", \"描述\": \"Benefits such as paid vacation time aren't real if employees have to jump through hoops to get them.\\nIf you offer flexible time or large amounts of personal or vacation leave, make sure employees aren't criticized or negatively impacted for taking it. For example, you may offer six months' leave for new parents, but your new parents will seldom take advantage of it if they are looked down upon for doing so, or if new parents in upper management never take more than six weeks off.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Establish a regular performance review system.\", \"描述\": \"Employees need feedback on their performance, and rewarding positive performance fosters workplace satisfaction.\\nMaintaining a policy of promoting from within also can increase loyalty among employees and decrease the likelihood of unionization.\\nEstablishing standard merit-based increases based on regular (for example, quarterly) performance reviews provides employees an incentive to work harder.\\nProvide additional incentives for long-term employees to encourage loyalty and longevity. Not only does this help avoid unionization, it also saves you money you would have to spend finding and training new workers.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Create achievable bonuses and incentives.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to avoid unionization, consider rewarding not just productivity but also the passage of other benchmarks in safety and efficiency.\\nFor example, you might offer bonuses for perfect attendance, or for achieving certain scores on regular health or safety inspections.\\nAlong with rewards for good work, make sure under-performing employees are disciplined consistently. Providing rewards without consequences can be a disincentive for average employees who meet expectations but aren't outstanding.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Terminate employment only for just cause.\", \"描述\": \"Rather than parroting the \\\"employment at will\\\" policies of other companies, provide your employees with contracts and maintain a written list of acceptable reasons for termination.\\nKeep in mind that employees have claims under many employment laws regardless of whether you have an employment-at-will policy. The policy itself offers you limited protection and makes employees feel disadvantaged because it appears you hold all the power.\\nProviding employment under a contract, on the other hand, enables employees to feel they have responsibility over the terms of their employment.\\nOnly terminating employment for just cause gives employees a strong sense of job security and reinforces that their continued employment with your company is based on their job performance.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Resolving Disputes Effectively\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Designate more than one employee to handle complaints.\", \"描述\": \"Employees are more likely to report problems if they can talk to someone they trust and with whom they feel comfortable.\\nBeyond providing a means for employees to report problems, it's important to communicate with your employees regularly and seek out possible issues that aren't being addressed. Many employees are afraid to rock the boat by making a complaint, but if asked they will tell you about a situation that could potentially become a serious problem if not addressed.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep written records of all complaints.\", \"描述\": \"In the event a complaint escalates, you want proof of everything that was said and every action that was taken to address the complaint.\\nWritten records also are essential so complaints resolved by lower-level supervisors can be reviewed by upper-level management. If upper-level management displays an interest in these problems and a commitment to fairness, the employees will see them as responsive to employee concerns and will be less likely to seek unionization.\\nMake sure you listen to the employee with the complaint and understand the problem before taking action. For example, you might interview the employee and take notes, then repeat your notes back to the employee so he or she can confirm you have a good understanding of the situation.\\nTaking notes also is important because details can get fuzzy later on. A written record can serve as a reminder of what was said and the actions that were taken if the issue resurfaces.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Investigate issues raised by employees promptly.\", \"描述\": \"Once an employee brings a problem to your attention, take it seriously and look into it as soon as possible.\\nGrievances filed with management should be discussed with the employee within a few days of the date the complaint is filed. After that, keep the employee who filed the original complaint apprised of the progress of your investigation.\\nYour investigation must be rigorous and thorough, emphasizing the respect with which complaints are taken and resolved.\\nDepending on the complaint, you may need to interview co-workers of the employee who filed the complaint and find out if they agree with the complaint. Once you have knowledge of an issue, you can't react appropriately until you know if it is isolated or widespread.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Apply standards and policies uniformly.\", \"描述\": \"Employees will view any policy you have as meaningless if certain employees are allowed to skate by with a warning or aren't disciplined appropriately for infractions.\\nIf you fail to enforce a policy the same way against all employees, regardless of their role or status in the company, you send a signal that the rules don't apply to everyone. This can lead to dissatisfaction and resentment among employees.\\nPlaying favorites or applying policies inconsistently can lead employees to seek unionization because they get the message that their concerns are not respected or that you only pay lip-service to the policies rather than actually applying them as you say you will.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Follow up after changes have been implemented.\", \"描述\": \"Rather than assuming a problem has been resolved, check in with the employee who first brought it to your attention and make sure there aren't any lingering issues.\\nFollowing up after the fact sends a signal to your employees that you actually care about the situation, not just about getting rid of the complaint.\\nEmployees who see management as caring and responsive to their problems are less likely to seek unionization.\"}]}]}}",
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3,232 | How to Avoid Using Electronic Devices | 1. Steps
1-1. Put electronic devices away.
Leave your phone in the other room when you are doing your homework or cooking, or whatever you are busy with. Having the device at arms reach is just a distraction. You will get more work finished, more efficiently, if you remove that phone from the room entirely. As for your computer, you may need it while you are doing some of your work, but for many tasks, you don't really need it handy. So if you have a laptop, stow it elsewhere when you are busy. This way maybe you will stop running to it every time you think about checking in with your Tumblr contacts. If you have a desktop, pull yourself away and busy yourself in some other room of your house.
1-2. Get outdoors.
Go out of your house. Establish a daily walking routine or go to the gym. Play sports. Walk the dog. Take the kids to the park. Turn that phone off while you are out and about. Wait until after your daily exercise before you use electronics. This will increase the amount of time you are outside being healthy, and will decrease the period of the day when you are stuck to those screen devices of yours.
1-3. Have a None till Noon.
Make a hard and fast rule that you will not pick up your phone or your computer until after lunchtime. This way you know you can attend to your email in the afternoon, after you have already addressed all your morning priorities. Those emails can wait a few hours, and you will get your important things done before you even see those. Many of the messages will just be distractions from your own goals, so make sure you get your own things done first, during your electronic-free morning.
1-4. Clean up.
Do some of that housework you have been putting off! Or organize your office space. Remember that monster under the bed, or that junk pile in your desk drawer? Well get those gloves on and kill it! Now's a good time to do all that stuff you had promised yourself to do. Again, delay using your electronics until after you have done the dishes, or until after you have vacuumed the floor. Wait until your bathroom is thoroughly scrubbed before you open that laptop screen. Clean your home to the core! Handle every piece of mail. It's a great boredom killer and it'll distract you from that craving of your iPod.
1-5. Read.
Read all kinds of books that interest you. Subscribe to a magazine. Take the paper. Make library visits a part of your weekly routine. Choose books on various topics and set aside an hour for reading each day. If you are still in school, make your teacher proud and start reading some classics. You'll find that the movie played in your mind is way better than Netflix!
1-6. Do errands.
Go shopping or anything you like. Maybe join a club, and meet people with similar interests to you. Start a hobby. Play tennis, or start playing the bagpipes! There's more to the world than Flappy Bird! The more you get involved in real-life activities, the less you are going to be having your nose stuck in that phone.
1-7. Leave a site when bored.
Sometimes you are on Facebook, and you can't pull yourself away, because you are looking at yet another post, even though you are tired and need to get some sleep. And you are probably looking at a conversation between the second and third cousins of some acquaintance you hardly even ever knew way back in grade school. These are not important posts for you to read! X out the page. Close the computer. Go to bed. While you are at it, just log out of Facebook. This will make it a little more inconvenient to get back into Facebook the next time you think about entering a time-sucking site like that.
1-8. Remove applications.
Log out of, or uninstall, most applications you may have active on your phone. Pinterest? Flickr? Facebook? Candy Crush? No. You do not need to be roaming around people's boards and pages and playing daft games whenever you happen to have a free minute. Take one of those applications off your phone today. Remove another tomorrow and another the next. Pretty soon you will not have anything left on your phone except the essentials. Those games and apps which are not on your phone, cannot distract you from the important things in life.
1-9. Enjoy life without electronic devices.
Do whatever you like. Make arrangements with friends at least a couple of days each week. See play. Go hear some live music at a coffee shop. Enjoy your life. Embrace not having texting thumbs, or headaches. Smile and enjoy what the world has to offer.
1-10. Write a letter.
Write to your mom. She will be so pleased to get a card or a letter from you!
1-11. Dive into the arts.
Learn to draw or paint. Learn about color, line, design. Learn tole painting, or knitting. Spend your time making something nice for your house, or for gifts for someone's birthday or an upcoming holiday.
Tips
You have the willpower. Remember, life will be better. People in the early 1900s only had a book, housework, schoolwork or their friends. And the great outdoors. They survived, and enjoyed themselves too. Bring yourself back to life, and enjoy the simple pleasures.
If you are younger and live with your family, ask your parents or siblings to hide the electronic devices for you.
If you are a parent and want to get your children off electronic devices, turn off the internet or hide their charger to the device.
Warnings
You can act like a baby if you spend to much time on your electronics. Also if you have homework and you're too busy playing games like Fortnite, Roblox, and Minecraft, then you will be addicted to electronics rather than doing your schoolwork.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:33",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Put electronic devices away.\\nLeave your phone in the other room when you are doing your homework or cooking, or whatever you are busy with. Having the device at arms reach is just a distraction. You will get more work finished, more efficiently, if you remove that phone from the room entirely. As for your computer, you may need it while you are doing some of your work, but for many tasks, you don't really need it handy. So if you have a laptop, stow it elsewhere when you are busy. This way maybe you will stop running to it every time you think about checking in with your Tumblr contacts. If you have a desktop, pull yourself away and busy yourself in some other room of your house.\\n1-2. Get outdoors.\\nGo out of your house. Establish a daily walking routine or go to the gym. Play sports. Walk the dog. Take the kids to the park. Turn that phone off while you are out and about. Wait until after your daily exercise before you use electronics. This will increase the amount of time you are outside being healthy, and will decrease the period of the day when you are stuck to those screen devices of yours.\\n1-3. Have a None till Noon.\\nMake a hard and fast rule that you will not pick up your phone or your computer until after lunchtime. This way you know you can attend to your email in the afternoon, after you have already addressed all your morning priorities. Those emails can wait a few hours, and you will get your important things done before you even see those. Many of the messages will just be distractions from your own goals, so make sure you get your own things done first, during your electronic-free morning.\\n1-4. Clean up.\\nDo some of that housework you have been putting off! Or organize your office space. Remember that monster under the bed, or that junk pile in your desk drawer? Well get those gloves on and kill it! Now's a good time to do all that stuff you had promised yourself to do. Again, delay using your electronics until after you have done the dishes, or until after you have vacuumed the floor. Wait until your bathroom is thoroughly scrubbed before you open that laptop screen. Clean your home to the core! Handle every piece of mail. It's a great boredom killer and it'll distract you from that craving of your iPod.\\n1-5. Read.\\nRead all kinds of books that interest you. Subscribe to a magazine. Take the paper. Make library visits a part of your weekly routine. Choose books on various topics and set aside an hour for reading each day. If you are still in school, make your teacher proud and start reading some classics. You'll find that the movie played in your mind is way better than Netflix!\\n1-6. Do errands.\\nGo shopping or anything you like. Maybe join a club, and meet people with similar interests to you. Start a hobby. Play tennis, or start playing the bagpipes! There's more to the world than Flappy Bird! The more you get involved in real-life activities, the less you are going to be having your nose stuck in that phone.\\n1-7. Leave a site when bored.\\nSometimes you are on Facebook, and you can't pull yourself away, because you are looking at yet another post, even though you are tired and need to get some sleep. And you are probably looking at a conversation between the second and third cousins of some acquaintance you hardly even ever knew way back in grade school. These are not important posts for you to read! X out the page. Close the computer. Go to bed. While you are at it, just log out of Facebook. This will make it a little more inconvenient to get back into Facebook the next time you think about entering a time-sucking site like that.\\n1-8. Remove applications.\\nLog out of, or uninstall, most applications you may have active on your phone. Pinterest? Flickr? Facebook? Candy Crush? No. You do not need to be roaming around people's boards and pages and playing daft games whenever you happen to have a free minute. Take one of those applications off your phone today. Remove another tomorrow and another the next. Pretty soon you will not have anything left on your phone except the essentials. Those games and apps which are not on your phone, cannot distract you from the important things in life.\\n1-9. Enjoy life without electronic devices.\\nDo whatever you like. Make arrangements with friends at least a couple of days each week. See play. Go hear some live music at a coffee shop. Enjoy your life. Embrace not having texting thumbs, or headaches. Smile and enjoy what the world has to offer.\\n1-10. Write a letter.\\nWrite to your mom. She will be so pleased to get a card or a letter from you!\\n1-11. Dive into the arts.\\nLearn to draw or paint. Learn about color, line, design. Learn tole painting, or knitting. Spend your time making something nice for your house, or for gifts for someone's birthday or an upcoming holiday.\\nTips\\nYou have the willpower. Remember, life will be better. People in the early 1900s only had a book, housework, schoolwork or their friends. And the great outdoors. They survived, and enjoyed themselves too. Bring yourself back to life, and enjoy the simple pleasures.\\nIf you are younger and live with your family, ask your parents or siblings to hide the electronic devices for you.\\nIf you are a parent and want to get your children off electronic devices, turn off the internet or hide their charger to the device.\\nWarnings\\nYou can act like a baby if you spend to much time on your electronics. Also if you have homework and you're too busy playing games like Fortnite, Roblox, and Minecraft, then you will be addicted to electronics rather than doing your schoolwork.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Electronics can be a big-time killer. Looking at the screens of electronic devices for extended periods of time isn't good for your eyes, and, when you get right down to it, the endless exposure we have to electronics these days can get boring. Sometimes it's easy to spend more time with our electronics than we really want to. Here are the steps you can follow to keep yourself away from electronic devices for a little while.The prefrontal cortex also changes the way you are drawn to an electronics. The age and how far your brain is developed changes how connected and by how long you use it as well.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Put electronic devices away.\", \"描述\": \"Leave your phone in the other room when you are doing your homework or cooking, or whatever you are busy with. Having the device at arms reach is just a distraction. You will get more work finished, more efficiently, if you remove that phone from the room entirely. As for your computer, you may need it while you are doing some of your work, but for many tasks, you don't really need it handy. So if you have a laptop, stow it elsewhere when you are busy. This way maybe you will stop running to it every time you think about checking in with your Tumblr contacts. If you have a desktop, pull yourself away and busy yourself in some other room of your house.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get outdoors.\", \"描述\": \"Go out of your house. Establish a daily walking routine or go to the gym. Play sports. Walk the dog. Take the kids to the park. Turn that phone off while you are out and about. Wait until after your daily exercise before you use electronics. This will increase the amount of time you are outside being healthy, and will decrease the period of the day when you are stuck to those screen devices of yours.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Have a None till Noon.\", \"描述\": \"Make a hard and fast rule that you will not pick up your phone or your computer until after lunchtime. This way you know you can attend to your email in the afternoon, after you have already addressed all your morning priorities. Those emails can wait a few hours, and you will get your important things done before you even see those. Many of the messages will just be distractions from your own goals, so make sure you get your own things done first, during your electronic-free morning.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Clean up.\", \"描述\": \"Do some of that housework you have been putting off! Or organize your office space. Remember that monster under the bed, or that junk pile in your desk drawer? Well get those gloves on and kill it! Now's a good time to do all that stuff you had promised yourself to do. Again, delay using your electronics until after you have done the dishes, or until after you have vacuumed the floor. Wait until your bathroom is thoroughly scrubbed before you open that laptop screen. Clean your home to the core! Handle every piece of mail. It's a great boredom killer and it'll distract you from that craving of your iPod.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Read.\", \"描述\": \"Read all kinds of books that interest you. Subscribe to a magazine. Take the paper. Make library visits a part of your weekly routine. Choose books on various topics and set aside an hour for reading each day. If you are still in school, make your teacher proud and start reading some classics. You'll find that the movie played in your mind is way better than Netflix!\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Do errands.\", \"描述\": \"Go shopping or anything you like. Maybe join a club, and meet people with similar interests to you. Start a hobby. Play tennis, or start playing the bagpipes! There's more to the world than Flappy Bird! The more you get involved in real-life activities, the less you are going to be having your nose stuck in that phone.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Leave a site when bored.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes you are on Facebook, and you can't pull yourself away, because you are looking at yet another post, even though you are tired and need to get some sleep. And you are probably looking at a conversation between the second and third cousins of some acquaintance you hardly even ever knew way back in grade school. These are not important posts for you to read! X out the page. Close the computer. Go to bed. While you are at it, just log out of Facebook. This will make it a little more inconvenient to get back into Facebook the next time you think about entering a time-sucking site like that.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Remove applications.\", \"描述\": \"Log out of, or uninstall, most applications you may have active on your phone. Pinterest? Flickr? Facebook? Candy Crush? No. You do not need to be roaming around people's boards and pages and playing daft games whenever you happen to have a free minute. Take one of those applications off your phone today. Remove another tomorrow and another the next. Pretty soon you will not have anything left on your phone except the essentials. Those games and apps which are not on your phone, cannot distract you from the important things in life.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Enjoy life without electronic devices.\", \"描述\": \"Do whatever you like. Make arrangements with friends at least a couple of days each week. See play. Go hear some live music at a coffee shop. Enjoy your life. Embrace not having texting thumbs, or headaches. Smile and enjoy what the world has to offer.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Write a letter.\", \"描述\": \"Write to your mom. She will be so pleased to get a card or a letter from you!\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Dive into the arts.\", \"描述\": \"Learn to draw or paint. Learn about color, line, design. Learn tole painting, or knitting. Spend your time making something nice for your house, or for gifts for someone's birthday or an upcoming holiday.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"You have the willpower. Remember, life will be better. People in the early 1900s only had a book, housework, schoolwork or their friends. And the great outdoors. They survived, and enjoyed themselves too. Bring yourself back to life, and enjoy the simple pleasures.\\n\", \"If you are younger and live with your family, ask your parents or siblings to hide the electronic devices for you.\\n\", \"If you are a parent and want to get your children off electronic devices, turn off the internet or hide their charger to the device.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"You can act like a baby if you spend to much time on your electronics. Also if you have homework and you're too busy playing games like Fortnite, Roblox, and Minecraft, then you will be addicted to electronics rather than doing your schoolwork.\\n\"]}]}}",
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3,233 | How to Avoid Using Personal Language in Writing | 1. Following General Rules
1-1. Use the third person point of view.
Never use “I,” “my,” or otherwise refer to yourself in formal academic writing. You should also avoid using the second-person point of view, such as by referring to the reader as “you.” Instead, write directly about your subject matter in the third person.
For example, replace “I think the most important part of your day is having a good breakfast,” with “A nutritious breakfast is an important part of a healthy diet.”
1-2. Use objective language instead of informal expressions.
Informal expressions include slang, colloquialisms, clichés, and contractions. They’re common in speech and casual forms of writing, but they aren’t appropriate for academic writing.
Slang words and colloquialisms are casual expressions shared by a region or social group, like “photobomb,” “kick the bucket,” or “Bob’s your uncle.” Instead of, "He kicked the bucket in a doozy of a wreck," write, "He was killed in a serious car accident."
Clichés are overused expressions that have become meaningless or boring, such as “only time will tell” or “cream of the crop.” Alternatives for these phrases could be "remains to be seen" and "the best."
Examples of contractions include “don’t,” “wouldn’t,” hasn’t,” and “it’s.” Instead of using them, spell out the words in full.
1-3. Be as specific as possible.
Personal language tends to be imprecise, but formal writing should be clear and exact. For instance, “They exceeded expectations” is stronger than “They did a really good job.” Instead of “The difficulty went up over time,” write “The level of difficulty gradually increased.
Additionally, avoid casual estimates, such as “a couple of studies,” “a lot of time,” or “a bunch of research.” Instead, use specific numbers, such as “The team spent 17 days collecting samples.”
1-4. Take the time to think of strong adjectives and verbs.
Try to find strong, specific verbs instead of fluffing up your writing with adverbs. As for adjectives, your descriptions should relate facts, not express your opinion. If you’re stuck, check a thesaurus or run a quick internet search to find the word that best conveys your point.
For instance, “An expert witness debunked the defense’s argument” is stronger than “The witness made an extremely convincing testimony that made the defendant look absolutely guilty.”
Replace "to be" verbs like is", "am", "are", "were", "was", and "will be", with stronger verbs. For example, instead of saying, "The defense's argument was wrong because it was based on speculation" say, "The argument failed because it relied on speculative evidence."
2. Finding Alternatives to Personal Pronouns
2-1. State your claim directly instead of using “I think.”
Sometimes, all you need to do is drop a clause such as “I think” or “I believe” from the beginning of a sentence. Getting rid of the personal pronoun is more objective, and it makes your statement sound more confident.
Compare the examples, “I think the nations’ economic relationship prevented war,” and “The nations’ economic relationship prevented war.” The second example is objective and sounds authoritative.
You might feel the urge to soften a claim by using a personal pronoun, especially if you’re unsure about it. Do your research! The more you know about your subject matter, the easier it’ll be to make strong, well-supported claims.
Even if the other side presents a strong argument, keep an authoritative tone throughout. While you should acknowledge the other side, avoid using personal pronouns, as this could weaken your stance.
2-2. Refer to supporting evidence, not to your thought process.
If you’re trying to strengthen a claim, you might be tempted to write “I am convinced,” “I am sure,” or “I strongly disagree.” However, referring to yourself won’t make your point stronger. Instead, mention an authoritative source to make your claim more credible.
Consider the sentence, “I strongly disagree with the defense’s attempt to blame the accident on a vehicle defect.” Stronger phrasing could be, “According to expert testimony from the manufacturer, the defense’s claims regarding a vehicle defect had no basis in reality.”
2-3. Map out your paper without using personal pronouns.
It might seem natural to write, “I will show,” “I will explain,” or “I will argue.” However, you should skip the personal pronouns when you introduce your paper’s structure. You might need to make minor adjustments if you can’t just delete the personal reference.
For the example, “I will argue that market volatility led to the industry’s collapse,” just cut “I will argue that.”
Tweak the phrasing for the sentence, “I will examine letters and journal entries to show how Charles Baudelaire’s life in Paris influenced his views of modernity.” You could start the sentence with “Examining letters and journal entries will show," and leave out “I will.”
2-4. Use the passive voice to emphasize an action without naming yourself.
You may use the passive voice sparingly to map out your argument or describe a procedure. Instead of “I will prove,” you could write “It will be clear that.” In a scientific paper, “The sample was tested” is better than “I tested the sample.”
In passive voice, an action was done by someone or something: "This was done by them." Because of this construction, passive voice tends to be wordy. Active voice is crisper and emphasizes the doer: "They did this."
Keep in mind that you should write in the active voice whenever possible. Write “Charles Baudelaire described modernity” instead of “Modernity was described by Charles Baudelaire.
2-5. Use formal generalizations instead of “you.”
When you make generalizations in conversation, it’s natural to say, “If you break the rules, you’ll get into trouble.” To avoid personal language, replace “you” with “one,” “the reader,” or “the viewer.”
Instead of “The painting overwhelms you with texture and color,” write “The painting overwhelms viewers with texture and color.”
You can also just replace generalizations with tighter wording. Replace “You can see that the claim is false,” with “The claim is false,” or reword it as “The evidence disproves the claim.”
Include formal generalizations in moderation. Using “one can see” or “one would think” too often will make your writing feel awkward.
3. Avoiding Informal Expressions
3-1. Use formal, factual vocabulary instead of emotive language.
Strong formal writing features specific, objective word choices and cites evidence. Subjective expressions might be grammatically correct, but they express opinions without stating facts.
For example, “The efficiency audit determined that streamlining the application process will generate interest,” refers to a reliable source and states a fact. “The application process is terrible and confusing,” expresses an opinion.
If you're trying to make an emotional appeal to your audience, it is acceptable to use more emotional language, although you should still avoid using the first person.
3-2. Replace slang with specific words and phrases.
It’s easy to use slang language without realizing it, so check your work carefully for informal language. Try to imagine that you’re not a native speaker of your language. If you’re writing in English, look for words and phrases that would be unfamiliar if English wasn’t your first language.
For example, “That guy was a real hater, so his boss gave him the third-degree,” features slang. “The manager reprimanded the cashier for insubordinate behavior,” is more specific and objective.
3-3. Check your writing for everyday language.
Common sayings and idioms can be even harder to avoid than slang. While your writing should flow, it shouldn’t include the casual vocabulary of everyday speech. Do your best to avoid figures of speech and stick to formal, precise vocabulary.
Examples of common expressions include “easier said than done,” “sooner or later,” "at the end of the day", and “reached a happy medium.” Alternatives for these expressions could be “more difficult in practice,” “inevitable,” "ultimately", and “compromised.”
3-4. Avoid using too many short, simple, and incomplete sentences.
Keep in mind your sentences shouldn’t run on, and using short sentences strategically can improve readability. However, if every sentence is terse, your writing will feel mechanical.
Additionally, ensure your sentences are always complete and unabbreviated. For example, “The performer gave an excellent performance. Not a dry eye in the theater,” is grammatically incorrect and inappropriate for academic writing.
For resume writing, terse, incomplete sentences are actually preferred. Instead of “I reduced purchasing costs by 10%,” write, “Reduced purchasing costs by 10%.”
Tips
Every discipline has its own writing standards. For specific advice about writing standards, check your field’s style guide, such as Chicago, MLA, or APA.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:33",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Following General Rules\\n1-1. Use the third person point of view.\\nNever use “I,” “my,” or otherwise refer to yourself in formal academic writing. You should also avoid using the second-person point of view, such as by referring to the reader as “you.” Instead, write directly about your subject matter in the third person.\\nFor example, replace “I think the most important part of your day is having a good breakfast,” with “A nutritious breakfast is an important part of a healthy diet.”\\n1-2. Use objective language instead of informal expressions.\\nInformal expressions include slang, colloquialisms, clichés, and contractions. They’re common in speech and casual forms of writing, but they aren’t appropriate for academic writing.\\nSlang words and colloquialisms are casual expressions shared by a region or social group, like “photobomb,” “kick the bucket,” or “Bob’s your uncle.” Instead of, \\\"He kicked the bucket in a doozy of a wreck,\\\" write, \\\"He was killed in a serious car accident.\\\"\\nClichés are overused expressions that have become meaningless or boring, such as “only time will tell” or “cream of the crop.” Alternatives for these phrases could be \\\"remains to be seen\\\" and \\\"the best.\\\"\\nExamples of contractions include “don’t,” “wouldn’t,” hasn’t,” and “it’s.” Instead of using them, spell out the words in full.\\n1-3. Be as specific as possible.\\nPersonal language tends to be imprecise, but formal writing should be clear and exact. For instance, “They exceeded expectations” is stronger than “They did a really good job.” Instead of “The difficulty went up over time,” write “The level of difficulty gradually increased.\\nAdditionally, avoid casual estimates, such as “a couple of studies,” “a lot of time,” or “a bunch of research.” Instead, use specific numbers, such as “The team spent 17 days collecting samples.”\\n1-4. Take the time to think of strong adjectives and verbs.\\nTry to find strong, specific verbs instead of fluffing up your writing with adverbs. As for adjectives, your descriptions should relate facts, not express your opinion. If you’re stuck, check a thesaurus or run a quick internet search to find the word that best conveys your point.\\nFor instance, “An expert witness debunked the defense’s argument” is stronger than “The witness made an extremely convincing testimony that made the defendant look absolutely guilty.”\\nReplace \\\"to be\\\" verbs like is\\\", \\\"am\\\", \\\"are\\\", \\\"were\\\", \\\"was\\\", and \\\"will be\\\", with stronger verbs. For example, instead of saying, \\\"The defense's argument was wrong because it was based on speculation\\\" say, \\\"The argument failed because it relied on speculative evidence.\\\"\\n2. Finding Alternatives to Personal Pronouns\\n2-1. State your claim directly instead of using “I think.”\\nSometimes, all you need to do is drop a clause such as “I think” or “I believe” from the beginning of a sentence. Getting rid of the personal pronoun is more objective, and it makes your statement sound more confident.\\nCompare the examples, “I think the nations’ economic relationship prevented war,” and “The nations’ economic relationship prevented war.” The second example is objective and sounds authoritative.\\nYou might feel the urge to soften a claim by using a personal pronoun, especially if you’re unsure about it. Do your research! The more you know about your subject matter, the easier it’ll be to make strong, well-supported claims.\\nEven if the other side presents a strong argument, keep an authoritative tone throughout. While you should acknowledge the other side, avoid using personal pronouns, as this could weaken your stance.\\n2-2. Refer to supporting evidence, not to your thought process.\\nIf you’re trying to strengthen a claim, you might be tempted to write “I am convinced,” “I am sure,” or “I strongly disagree.” However, referring to yourself won’t make your point stronger. Instead, mention an authoritative source to make your claim more credible.\\nConsider the sentence, “I strongly disagree with the defense’s attempt to blame the accident on a vehicle defect.” Stronger phrasing could be, “According to expert testimony from the manufacturer, the defense’s claims regarding a vehicle defect had no basis in reality.”\\n2-3. Map out your paper without using personal pronouns.\\nIt might seem natural to write, “I will show,” “I will explain,” or “I will argue.” However, you should skip the personal pronouns when you introduce your paper’s structure. You might need to make minor adjustments if you can’t just delete the personal reference.\\nFor the example, “I will argue that market volatility led to the industry’s collapse,” just cut “I will argue that.”\\nTweak the phrasing for the sentence, “I will examine letters and journal entries to show how Charles Baudelaire’s life in Paris influenced his views of modernity.” You could start the sentence with “Examining letters and journal entries will show,\\\" and leave out “I will.”\\n2-4. Use the passive voice to emphasize an action without naming yourself.\\nYou may use the passive voice sparingly to map out your argument or describe a procedure. Instead of “I will prove,” you could write “It will be clear that.” In a scientific paper, “The sample was tested” is better than “I tested the sample.”\\nIn passive voice, an action was done by someone or something: \\\"This was done by them.\\\" Because of this construction, passive voice tends to be wordy. Active voice is crisper and emphasizes the doer: \\\"They did this.\\\"\\nKeep in mind that you should write in the active voice whenever possible. Write “Charles Baudelaire described modernity” instead of “Modernity was described by Charles Baudelaire.\\n2-5. Use formal generalizations instead of “you.”\\nWhen you make generalizations in conversation, it’s natural to say, “If you break the rules, you’ll get into trouble.” To avoid personal language, replace “you” with “one,” “the reader,” or “the viewer.”\\nInstead of “The painting overwhelms you with texture and color,” write “The painting overwhelms viewers with texture and color.”\\nYou can also just replace generalizations with tighter wording. Replace “You can see that the claim is false,” with “The claim is false,” or reword it as “The evidence disproves the claim.”\\nInclude formal generalizations in moderation. Using “one can see” or “one would think” too often will make your writing feel awkward.\\n3. Avoiding Informal Expressions\\n3-1. Use formal, factual vocabulary instead of emotive language.\\nStrong formal writing features specific, objective word choices and cites evidence. Subjective expressions might be grammatically correct, but they express opinions without stating facts.\\nFor example, “The efficiency audit determined that streamlining the application process will generate interest,” refers to a reliable source and states a fact. “The application process is terrible and confusing,” expresses an opinion.\\nIf you're trying to make an emotional appeal to your audience, it is acceptable to use more emotional language, although you should still avoid using the first person.\\n3-2. Replace slang with specific words and phrases.\\nIt’s easy to use slang language without realizing it, so check your work carefully for informal language. Try to imagine that you’re not a native speaker of your language. If you’re writing in English, look for words and phrases that would be unfamiliar if English wasn’t your first language.\\nFor example, “That guy was a real hater, so his boss gave him the third-degree,” features slang. “The manager reprimanded the cashier for insubordinate behavior,” is more specific and objective.\\n3-3. Check your writing for everyday language.\\nCommon sayings and idioms can be even harder to avoid than slang. While your writing should flow, it shouldn’t include the casual vocabulary of everyday speech. Do your best to avoid figures of speech and stick to formal, precise vocabulary.\\nExamples of common expressions include “easier said than done,” “sooner or later,” \\\"at the end of the day\\\", and “reached a happy medium.” Alternatives for these expressions could be “more difficult in practice,” “inevitable,” \\\"ultimately\\\", and “compromised.”\\n3-4. Avoid using too many short, simple, and incomplete sentences.\\nKeep in mind your sentences shouldn’t run on, and using short sentences strategically can improve readability. However, if every sentence is terse, your writing will feel mechanical.\\nAdditionally, ensure your sentences are always complete and unabbreviated. For example, “The performer gave an excellent performance. Not a dry eye in the theater,” is grammatically incorrect and inappropriate for academic writing.\\nFor resume writing, terse, incomplete sentences are actually preferred. Instead of “I reduced purchasing costs by 10%,” write, “Reduced purchasing costs by 10%.”\\nTips\\nEvery discipline has its own writing standards. For specific advice about writing standards, check your field’s style guide, such as Chicago, MLA, or APA.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Learning how to write without using personal language can be tough. It’s especially tricky to find alternatives to clauses such as “I think” or “I will argue,” but don't worry if you're stuck. There are lots of ways to make your point without using personal pronouns. Additionally, you might use slang and other informal expressions without even realizing it. Check your work, and replace casual, subjective words with objective language. With a little practice, you’ll know the rules of formal academic writing like the back of your hand.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Following General Rules\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use the third person point of view.\", \"描述\": \"Never use “I,” “my,” or otherwise refer to yourself in formal academic writing. You should also avoid using the second-person point of view, such as by referring to the reader as “you.” Instead, write directly about your subject matter in the third person.\\nFor example, replace “I think the most important part of your day is having a good breakfast,” with “A nutritious breakfast is an important part of a healthy diet.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use objective language instead of informal expressions.\", \"描述\": \"Informal expressions include slang, colloquialisms, clichés, and contractions. They’re common in speech and casual forms of writing, but they aren’t appropriate for academic writing.\\nSlang words and colloquialisms are casual expressions shared by a region or social group, like “photobomb,” “kick the bucket,” or “Bob’s your uncle.” Instead of, \\\"He kicked the bucket in a doozy of a wreck,\\\" write, \\\"He was killed in a serious car accident.\\\"\\nClichés are overused expressions that have become meaningless or boring, such as “only time will tell” or “cream of the crop.” Alternatives for these phrases could be \\\"remains to be seen\\\" and \\\"the best.\\\"\\nExamples of contractions include “don’t,” “wouldn’t,” hasn’t,” and “it’s.” Instead of using them, spell out the words in full.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be as specific as possible.\", \"描述\": \"Personal language tends to be imprecise, but formal writing should be clear and exact. For instance, “They exceeded expectations” is stronger than “They did a really good job.” Instead of “The difficulty went up over time,” write “The level of difficulty gradually increased.\\nAdditionally, avoid casual estimates, such as “a couple of studies,” “a lot of time,” or “a bunch of research.” Instead, use specific numbers, such as “The team spent 17 days collecting samples.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take the time to think of strong adjectives and verbs.\", \"描述\": \"Try to find strong, specific verbs instead of fluffing up your writing with adverbs. As for adjectives, your descriptions should relate facts, not express your opinion. If you’re stuck, check a thesaurus or run a quick internet search to find the word that best conveys your point.\\nFor instance, “An expert witness debunked the defense’s argument” is stronger than “The witness made an extremely convincing testimony that made the defendant look absolutely guilty.”\\nReplace \\\"to be\\\" verbs like is\\\", \\\"am\\\", \\\"are\\\", \\\"were\\\", \\\"was\\\", and \\\"will be\\\", with stronger verbs. For example, instead of saying, \\\"The defense's argument was wrong because it was based on speculation\\\" say, \\\"The argument failed because it relied on speculative evidence.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Finding Alternatives to Personal Pronouns\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"State your claim directly instead of using “I think.”\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, all you need to do is drop a clause such as “I think” or “I believe” from the beginning of a sentence. Getting rid of the personal pronoun is more objective, and it makes your statement sound more confident.\\nCompare the examples, “I think the nations’ economic relationship prevented war,” and “The nations’ economic relationship prevented war.” The second example is objective and sounds authoritative.\\nYou might feel the urge to soften a claim by using a personal pronoun, especially if you’re unsure about it. Do your research! The more you know about your subject matter, the easier it’ll be to make strong, well-supported claims.\\nEven if the other side presents a strong argument, keep an authoritative tone throughout. While you should acknowledge the other side, avoid using personal pronouns, as this could weaken your stance.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Refer to supporting evidence, not to your thought process.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re trying to strengthen a claim, you might be tempted to write “I am convinced,” “I am sure,” or “I strongly disagree.” However, referring to yourself won’t make your point stronger. Instead, mention an authoritative source to make your claim more credible.\\nConsider the sentence, “I strongly disagree with the defense’s attempt to blame the accident on a vehicle defect.” Stronger phrasing could be, “According to expert testimony from the manufacturer, the defense’s claims regarding a vehicle defect had no basis in reality.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Map out your paper without using personal pronouns.\", \"描述\": \"It might seem natural to write, “I will show,” “I will explain,” or “I will argue.” However, you should skip the personal pronouns when you introduce your paper’s structure. You might need to make minor adjustments if you can’t just delete the personal reference.\\nFor the example, “I will argue that market volatility led to the industry’s collapse,” just cut “I will argue that.”\\nTweak the phrasing for the sentence, “I will examine letters and journal entries to show how Charles Baudelaire’s life in Paris influenced his views of modernity.” You could start the sentence with “Examining letters and journal entries will show,\\\" and leave out “I will.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use the passive voice to emphasize an action without naming yourself.\", \"描述\": \"You may use the passive voice sparingly to map out your argument or describe a procedure. Instead of “I will prove,” you could write “It will be clear that.” In a scientific paper, “The sample was tested” is better than “I tested the sample.”\\nIn passive voice, an action was done by someone or something: \\\"This was done by them.\\\" Because of this construction, passive voice tends to be wordy. Active voice is crisper and emphasizes the doer: \\\"They did this.\\\"\\nKeep in mind that you should write in the active voice whenever possible. Write “Charles Baudelaire described modernity” instead of “Modernity was described by Charles Baudelaire.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Use formal generalizations instead of “you.”\", \"描述\": \"When you make generalizations in conversation, it’s natural to say, “If you break the rules, you’ll get into trouble.” To avoid personal language, replace “you” with “one,” “the reader,” or “the viewer.”\\nInstead of “The painting overwhelms you with texture and color,” write “The painting overwhelms viewers with texture and color.”\\nYou can also just replace generalizations with tighter wording. Replace “You can see that the claim is false,” with “The claim is false,” or reword it as “The evidence disproves the claim.”\\nInclude formal generalizations in moderation. Using “one can see” or “one would think” too often will make your writing feel awkward.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Informal Expressions\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use formal, factual vocabulary instead of emotive language.\", \"描述\": \"Strong formal writing features specific, objective word choices and cites evidence. Subjective expressions might be grammatically correct, but they express opinions without stating facts.\\nFor example, “The efficiency audit determined that streamlining the application process will generate interest,” refers to a reliable source and states a fact. “The application process is terrible and confusing,” expresses an opinion.\\nIf you're trying to make an emotional appeal to your audience, it is acceptable to use more emotional language, although you should still avoid using the first person.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Replace slang with specific words and phrases.\", \"描述\": \"It’s easy to use slang language without realizing it, so check your work carefully for informal language. Try to imagine that you’re not a native speaker of your language. If you’re writing in English, look for words and phrases that would be unfamiliar if English wasn’t your first language.\\nFor example, “That guy was a real hater, so his boss gave him the third-degree,” features slang. “The manager reprimanded the cashier for insubordinate behavior,” is more specific and objective.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check your writing for everyday language.\", \"描述\": \"Common sayings and idioms can be even harder to avoid than slang. While your writing should flow, it shouldn’t include the casual vocabulary of everyday speech. Do your best to avoid figures of speech and stick to formal, precise vocabulary.\\nExamples of common expressions include “easier said than done,” “sooner or later,” \\\"at the end of the day\\\", and “reached a happy medium.” Alternatives for these expressions could be “more difficult in practice,” “inevitable,” \\\"ultimately\\\", and “compromised.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid using too many short, simple, and incomplete sentences.\", \"描述\": \"Keep in mind your sentences shouldn’t run on, and using short sentences strategically can improve readability. However, if every sentence is terse, your writing will feel mechanical.\\nAdditionally, ensure your sentences are always complete and unabbreviated. For example, “The performer gave an excellent performance. Not a dry eye in the theater,” is grammatically incorrect and inappropriate for academic writing.\\nFor resume writing, terse, incomplete sentences are actually preferred. Instead of “I reduced purchasing costs by 10%,” write, “Reduced purchasing costs by 10%.”\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Every discipline has its own writing standards. For specific advice about writing standards, check your field’s style guide, such as Chicago, MLA, or APA.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,235 | How to Avoid Using the Passive Voice | 1. Identifying the Different Parts of a Sentence
1-1. Identify the verb in the sentence.
To avoid using passive voice and start using active voice, start by figuring out the verb in the sentence. This will make it a lot easier to spot passive voice in your own writing and avoid it.
The verb is the action word in the sentence, and it can be either active or passive. Most verbs are active, like kicked or graded, but the verb phrase "to be" and its conjugations (is, was) are passive.
For example, the sentence: Mark kicked the ball. The verb in the sentence is kicked. In this sentence it's past tense. It's the action. The act of kicking. The ball is passive because it's not doing anything; it's just being kicked.
1-2. Identify the subject in the sentence.
The next step is to isolate the subject in your sentence. Start by figuring out the verb, the action, because this will make it easier to find the subject.
The subject of the sentence in the active voice is who or what did the action. Let's go back to our example sentence: Mark kicked the ball. Kicked, as we have already established, is the verb. Ask yourself, who or what did the kicking? Answer: Mark. That's how you determine the subject in the active voice.
Recognize that sometimes the subject is not a person. Example: The plane stopped the traffic. The action, and thus, the verb, is the act of stopping. Who or what did the stopping? The plane. Thus, the plane is the subject of the sentence.
1-3. Identify the direct object in the sentence.
Not all sentences have direct objects. The direct object is the object of the verb. It's not the action. It's not doing the action. It's being acted upon.
In the example, Mark kicked the ball, the word ball is the direct object. The ball isn't active. It's not the catalyst for movement. It's being acted upon. It's the direct object.
Sometimes, people eliminate the direct object and just write something like, Mark kicked. Sometimes in the passive voice, the previous direct object becomes the subject: The ball was kicked.
2. Determining Active Versus Passive Voice
2-1. Make sure that the subject is doing the action.
In order to create active voice, you need to make sure that the subject is acting, that is the subject in the one doing the verb.
We've established that the verb is the action word in the sentence. Make sure the “who or what did the action” is actually performing the action.
The dog wagged its tail is active voice. That's because the act of wagging is the verb. Who or what did the wagging? The dog. The dog in the sentence is performing the verb, wagging. Thus, the sentence is in active voice.
2-2. Spot passive voice.
Passive voice involves making a compound verb by using the phrase “to be” or any of its conjugations. A sentence is also in the passive voice if the thing that is doing the verb is preceded by the prepositional phrase "by the" or "by a", or the thing doing the action may be completely eliminated.
For example, The tail was wagged by the dog is passive voice. This is because the tail, the subject, is being acted upon by the verb.
Sometimes people eliminate the prepositional phrase describing who the action was being done by, and write a sentence like: The tail was wagged. This is often done to eliminate responsibility or when people don't know who did the action.
3. Knowing When to Use Passive Voice
3-1. Determine whether the direct object is most important.
There can be rare exceptions where you would want to use passive voice; passive voice is not a grammatical error. However, this is the bottom line: It should not be the default choice. It should only be used when there is a strong logical reason to use it.
Let's say you're a news writer. The mayor was arrested by the police. Active voice would be: The police arrested the mayor. The more important point in the sentence is to announce that the mayor, a very prominent person, was arrested! Thus, in this case, it's logical to write instead: The mayor was arrested by police.
Similarly, in science, it might make more sense to put the object first, not the process. Instead of writing, I poured the hydrogen into the beaker, you might write, the hydrogen was poured into the beaker.
Generally speaking, though, active voice is better because it's tighter and punchier writing. It's more dramatic, and it puts responsibility where it belongs.
3-2. Look at your spell-check.
If you are using Microsoft Word, the spelling and grammar checking device, if set to check grammar, will notify you if the sentence is passive and correct it for you.
Get in the habit of re-reading and checking over all your work. Look at each sentence individually.
Don't be afraid to ask for help. Ask an English teacher or professor to explain the difference between the active and passive voices. Get a grammatically-adept friend to help you look over your work. Don't be afraid to let others help you!
3-3. Pay attention to subject position most.
Sometimes people get confused because the sentence's tense varies. The papers were graded by the teachers is passive voice (technically it's just called past tense.) The papers had been graded by the teachers is also passive (it's called past perfect). Look for “to be” or its conjugations to determine passive voice.
The papers will be graded by the teachers is passive (it's future tense). The papers will have been graded by the teachers is also passive (it's future perfect). The papers are being graded by the teachers is present progressive tense and also passive.
Again, the key point is that all of these sentences are passive because the direct object (papers) is in front of the verb, and the subject (who did the action) is located after the verb. The active voice version of this sentence is: The teachers graded the papers.
Tips
Politicians and PR operatives sometimes use passive voice to confuse or eliminate responsibility.
It's possible to use first-person in the passive voice. I was hit by the ball is still passive because the person, the “I,” is not active in this sentence.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:34",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Identifying the Different Parts of a Sentence\\n1-1. Identify the verb in the sentence.\\nTo avoid using passive voice and start using active voice, start by figuring out the verb in the sentence. This will make it a lot easier to spot passive voice in your own writing and avoid it.\\nThe verb is the action word in the sentence, and it can be either active or passive. Most verbs are active, like kicked or graded, but the verb phrase \\\"to be\\\" and its conjugations (is, was) are passive.\\nFor example, the sentence: Mark kicked the ball. The verb in the sentence is kicked. In this sentence it's past tense. It's the action. The act of kicking. The ball is passive because it's not doing anything; it's just being kicked.\\n1-2. Identify the subject in the sentence.\\nThe next step is to isolate the subject in your sentence. Start by figuring out the verb, the action, because this will make it easier to find the subject.\\nThe subject of the sentence in the active voice is who or what did the action. Let's go back to our example sentence: Mark kicked the ball. Kicked, as we have already established, is the verb. Ask yourself, who or what did the kicking? Answer: Mark. That's how you determine the subject in the active voice.\\nRecognize that sometimes the subject is not a person. Example: The plane stopped the traffic. The action, and thus, the verb, is the act of stopping. Who or what did the stopping? The plane. Thus, the plane is the subject of the sentence.\\n1-3. Identify the direct object in the sentence.\\nNot all sentences have direct objects. The direct object is the object of the verb. It's not the action. It's not doing the action. It's being acted upon.\\nIn the example, Mark kicked the ball, the word ball is the direct object. The ball isn't active. It's not the catalyst for movement. It's being acted upon. It's the direct object.\\nSometimes, people eliminate the direct object and just write something like, Mark kicked. Sometimes in the passive voice, the previous direct object becomes the subject: The ball was kicked.\\n2. Determining Active Versus Passive Voice\\n2-1. Make sure that the subject is doing the action.\\nIn order to create active voice, you need to make sure that the subject is acting, that is the subject in the one doing the verb.\\nWe've established that the verb is the action word in the sentence. Make sure the “who or what did the action” is actually performing the action.\\nThe dog wagged its tail is active voice. That's because the act of wagging is the verb. Who or what did the wagging? The dog. The dog in the sentence is performing the verb, wagging. Thus, the sentence is in active voice.\\n2-2. Spot passive voice.\\nPassive voice involves making a compound verb by using the phrase “to be” or any of its conjugations. A sentence is also in the passive voice if the thing that is doing the verb is preceded by the prepositional phrase \\\"by the\\\" or \\\"by a\\\", or the thing doing the action may be completely eliminated.\\nFor example, The tail was wagged by the dog is passive voice. This is because the tail, the subject, is being acted upon by the verb.\\nSometimes people eliminate the prepositional phrase describing who the action was being done by, and write a sentence like: The tail was wagged. This is often done to eliminate responsibility or when people don't know who did the action.\\n3. Knowing When to Use Passive Voice\\n3-1. Determine whether the direct object is most important.\\nThere can be rare exceptions where you would want to use passive voice; passive voice is not a grammatical error. However, this is the bottom line: It should not be the default choice. It should only be used when there is a strong logical reason to use it.\\nLet's say you're a news writer. The mayor was arrested by the police. Active voice would be: The police arrested the mayor. The more important point in the sentence is to announce that the mayor, a very prominent person, was arrested! Thus, in this case, it's logical to write instead: The mayor was arrested by police.\\nSimilarly, in science, it might make more sense to put the object first, not the process. Instead of writing, I poured the hydrogen into the beaker, you might write, the hydrogen was poured into the beaker.\\nGenerally speaking, though, active voice is better because it's tighter and punchier writing. It's more dramatic, and it puts responsibility where it belongs.\\n3-2. Look at your spell-check.\\nIf you are using Microsoft Word, the spelling and grammar checking device, if set to check grammar, will notify you if the sentence is passive and correct it for you.\\nGet in the habit of re-reading and checking over all your work. Look at each sentence individually.\\nDon't be afraid to ask for help. Ask an English teacher or professor to explain the difference between the active and passive voices. Get a grammatically-adept friend to help you look over your work. Don't be afraid to let others help you!\\n3-3. Pay attention to subject position most.\\nSometimes people get confused because the sentence's tense varies. The papers were graded by the teachers is passive voice (technically it's just called past tense.) The papers had been graded by the teachers is also passive (it's called past perfect). Look for “to be” or its conjugations to determine passive voice.\\nThe papers will be graded by the teachers is passive (it's future tense). The papers will have been graded by the teachers is also passive (it's future perfect). The papers are being graded by the teachers is present progressive tense and also passive.\\nAgain, the key point is that all of these sentences are passive because the direct object (papers) is in front of the verb, and the subject (who did the action) is located after the verb. The active voice version of this sentence is: The teachers graded the papers.\\nTips\\nPoliticians and PR operatives sometimes use passive voice to confuse or eliminate responsibility.\\nIt's possible to use first-person in the passive voice. I was hit by the ball is still passive because the person, the “I,” is not active in this sentence.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Passive voice is usually weaker writing since it makes it unclear who or what is doing the action. Do you find yourself using the passive voice too frequently in your writing? Do you want to make your writing active and stronger? A few simple rules will help you avoid using the passive voice. This will turn you into a stronger writer overnight.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Identifying the Different Parts of a Sentence\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Identify the verb in the sentence.\", \"描述\": \"To avoid using passive voice and start using active voice, start by figuring out the verb in the sentence. This will make it a lot easier to spot passive voice in your own writing and avoid it.\\nThe verb is the action word in the sentence, and it can be either active or passive. Most verbs are active, like kicked or graded, but the verb phrase \\\"to be\\\" and its conjugations (is, was) are passive.\\nFor example, the sentence: Mark kicked the ball. The verb in the sentence is kicked. In this sentence it's past tense. It's the action. The act of kicking. The ball is passive because it's not doing anything; it's just being kicked.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Identify the subject in the sentence.\", \"描述\": \"The next step is to isolate the subject in your sentence. Start by figuring out the verb, the action, because this will make it easier to find the subject.\\nThe subject of the sentence in the active voice is who or what did the action. Let's go back to our example sentence: Mark kicked the ball. Kicked, as we have already established, is the verb. Ask yourself, who or what did the kicking? Answer: Mark. That's how you determine the subject in the active voice.\\nRecognize that sometimes the subject is not a person. Example: The plane stopped the traffic. The action, and thus, the verb, is the act of stopping. Who or what did the stopping? The plane. Thus, the plane is the subject of the sentence.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Identify the direct object in the sentence.\", \"描述\": \"Not all sentences have direct objects. The direct object is the object of the verb. It's not the action. It's not doing the action. It's being acted upon.\\nIn the example, Mark kicked the ball, the word ball is the direct object. The ball isn't active. It's not the catalyst for movement. It's being acted upon. It's the direct object.\\nSometimes, people eliminate the direct object and just write something like, Mark kicked. Sometimes in the passive voice, the previous direct object becomes the subject: The ball was kicked.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Determining Active Versus Passive Voice\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure that the subject is doing the action.\", \"描述\": \"In order to create active voice, you need to make sure that the subject is acting, that is the subject in the one doing the verb.\\nWe've established that the verb is the action word in the sentence. Make sure the “who or what did the action” is actually performing the action.\\nThe dog wagged its tail is active voice. That's because the act of wagging is the verb. Who or what did the wagging? The dog. The dog in the sentence is performing the verb, wagging. Thus, the sentence is in active voice.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Spot passive voice.\", \"描述\": \"Passive voice involves making a compound verb by using the phrase “to be” or any of its conjugations. A sentence is also in the passive voice if the thing that is doing the verb is preceded by the prepositional phrase \\\"by the\\\" or \\\"by a\\\", or the thing doing the action may be completely eliminated.\\nFor example, The tail was wagged by the dog is passive voice. This is because the tail, the subject, is being acted upon by the verb.\\nSometimes people eliminate the prepositional phrase describing who the action was being done by, and write a sentence like: The tail was wagged. This is often done to eliminate responsibility or when people don't know who did the action.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Knowing When to Use Passive Voice\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine whether the direct object is most important.\", \"描述\": \"There can be rare exceptions where you would want to use passive voice; passive voice is not a grammatical error. However, this is the bottom line: It should not be the default choice. It should only be used when there is a strong logical reason to use it.\\nLet's say you're a news writer. The mayor was arrested by the police. Active voice would be: The police arrested the mayor. The more important point in the sentence is to announce that the mayor, a very prominent person, was arrested! Thus, in this case, it's logical to write instead: The mayor was arrested by police.\\nSimilarly, in science, it might make more sense to put the object first, not the process. Instead of writing, I poured the hydrogen into the beaker, you might write, the hydrogen was poured into the beaker.\\nGenerally speaking, though, active voice is better because it's tighter and punchier writing. It's more dramatic, and it puts responsibility where it belongs.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look at your spell-check.\", \"描述\": \"If you are using Microsoft Word, the spelling and grammar checking device, if set to check grammar, will notify you if the sentence is passive and correct it for you.\\nGet in the habit of re-reading and checking over all your work. Look at each sentence individually.\\nDon't be afraid to ask for help. Ask an English teacher or professor to explain the difference between the active and passive voices. Get a grammatically-adept friend to help you look over your work. Don't be afraid to let others help you!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pay attention to subject position most.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes people get confused because the sentence's tense varies. The papers were graded by the teachers is passive voice (technically it's just called past tense.) The papers had been graded by the teachers is also passive (it's called past perfect). Look for “to be” or its conjugations to determine passive voice.\\nThe papers will be graded by the teachers is passive (it's future tense). The papers will have been graded by the teachers is also passive (it's future perfect). The papers are being graded by the teachers is present progressive tense and also passive.\\nAgain, the key point is that all of these sentences are passive because the direct object (papers) is in front of the verb, and the subject (who did the action) is located after the verb. The active voice version of this sentence is: The teachers graded the papers.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Politicians and PR operatives sometimes use passive voice to confuse or eliminate responsibility.\\n\", \"It's possible to use first-person in the passive voice. I was hit by the ball is still passive because the person, the “I,” is not active in this sentence.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,236 | How to Avoid Using the Word "Retarded" | 1. Using Alternative Terms
1-1. Keep its definition in mind.
The word "retarded" literally means something that is delayed or held back in progress. It has been used as a clinical term (in "mental retardation") to refer to people with intellectual disabilities. By calling someone or something retarded or "a retard", it creates the message that having disabilities means you're dumb or stupid. People who really have disabilities (cognitive or physical) should always be treated with respect and sensitivity.
Recognize that the word "retarded" is considered hate speech, and can be alienating and frightening to disabled people.
1-2. Recognize that "mentally retarded" is no longer an accepted diagnostic term.
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has replaced the word "mental retardation" with "intellectual disability". The use of the term has outgrown its clinical routes, and is generally considered inappropriate and offensive in all mainstream uses now.
The historical context of the word is important to know. People with disabilities have been treated poorly, discriminated against, abused, and neglected in the past and even today. Just changing the way you speak and avoiding using the term can make a difference for people with disabilities today and in the future.
1-3. Do not call something you don't like "retarded".
By calling something "retarded", you are essentially saying an undesirable object or event is the same as someone with intellectual, developmental, or physical disabilities. This invalidates feelings and the identities of people with disabilities and puts them in a position where they are used to describe something that is considered to be flawed, useless, or stupid. It also makes YOU look flawed, useless and stupid by using such an uncool term. There are a ton of great words you can use instead to describe things, people, and situations that anger or annoy you. For example:
If something is a bad idea, you can use words such as dense, useless, obtuse, pathetic, or vapid. Don't forget terms like jackass or bonehead. Or make up snappy new insults. Swearing may be okay, but might make you look less impressive.
If someone or something angers you, use words like contemptible, enraging, evil, infuriating, horrible, irrational, rage-inducing.
If someone or something is disgusting, try using nasty, gross, foul, nauseating, skeevy, repellent, repulsive, vomitous or terrible instead.
1-4. Never attack someone you don't like by calling them "retarded" or a "tard".
By calling someone you don't like "retarded", you are equating all negative attributes about this person towards people with real disabilities. Come up with alternative words or phrases. For example:
If a person does something they shouldn't do, you can say, "What you did didn't even make sense!" or "That was careless/foolish!". "Where's your head?!" "What the hell were you thinking?" Or from baseball, "That was a bonehead play."
If a person does something that angers you, you can say, "You're unbelievable!" or "You make me so furious!". "He makes me so mad I could explode!" "That just galls me."
If someone does something that irritates you, tell them "That is so annoying/irritating/immature". "You have no idea how ridiculous you look." "You're acting like a jackass." "Don't be a twit."
If someone does something dense or is not listening to reason or logic, try saying "You're being ignorant" or "That is irrational" or "Your idea is ridiculous". "You're not using your head." "There is so much wrong with that idea I don't even know where to start."
1-5. Never use the word retarded to refer to a disabled person.
This includes people with intellectual disabilities, developmental disabilities, and physical disabilities. If you are trying to figure out whether someone's intelligence is affected by their disability, you should ask if they have an intellectual disability (or not ask at all).
1-6. Apologize when you use the word.
Sometimes habits can be hard to break. Make the active choice to acknowledge your mistake and apologize for it, even if you think the people around won't care or won't be affected by your language. By pointing out your mistake, others will take note and perhaps think twice before using "retarded" in their own language. You can simply say, "I'm sorry for saying that. That was inappropriate".
Even if you don't think you are in the presence of someone with a disability, someone near you may have an invisible disability, or know someone with a disability. They will appreciate your sincerity and apology.
1-7. Tell others you won't be using the r-word anymore.
Many people have taken the pledge not to use the R-word and are proactively sharing their stories with people around the world. Making a public or active decision not to use the r-word can:
Make yourself accountable. When you slip up, others will catch on and remind you that you used the word. It will also challenge you not to use the word because you won't want to break your pledge and look like a bad example to others.
Raise awareness of the dangers of using the r-word. Some people may have never thought the r-word was offensive. By pledging publicly, you are raising awareness of the problem and challenging others to rethink their use of the word.
Generate discourse. People may tell you that using the r-word is "no big deal". This is a great opportunity for you to educate others about why the r-word is not cool and that it does matter when you use hurtful and offensive language.
2. Understanding Disabilities
2-1. Stop thinking of disabled people as lesser.
View people with disabilities as different, not inferior. You can help them feel included by accepting them for who they are, disabilities and all.
Don't criticize someone for looking or acting unusual (e.g. stimming, having an unusual face, or being a little hyper). These quirks are part of who they are, and should be respected just as much as your love of computers or the shape of your chin.
Stop calling bad things "stupid" or "dumb." People who have intellectual disabilities don't deserve that comparison. (And maybe they hate Nickelback just as much as you do.)
Recognize that each person has their own worth. A dyslexic person might be a ridiculously hard worker, while your friend with Down Syndrome is the kindest person you know. Some strengths are even tied directly to disability, such as the spacial perception strengths associated with autism.
2-2. Know that people with disabilities are people.
Their disabilities do not necessarily define or encompass their entire identity. However, this doesn't mean avoiding or dismissing the subject of their disabilities. Some things you can do to help navigate interactions:
Get to know them first. Many people with disabilities want to be included. Do not treat them like they are "special" by using baby talk or talking about them like they aren't there. Instead, approach someone with a disability like you would with anyone else.
Communicate with them. Some people with intellectual disabilities understand better if you slow your speech down a little. Some are better at communicating in other ways such as with facial expressions, hand gestures, or writing.
Learn more about their disability, either through your own research or through others. By having a better understanding of someone's disabilities, you can better communicate with others and change the way you think about people with disabilities.
2-3. Do not assume people have cognitive disabilities based on their physical capabilities.
Having obvious physical signs of disabilities does not mean someone also has intellectual disabilities, or that they are incapable of handling a normal conversation. (Don't forget Stephen Hawking!) Some things you can do to help you navigate interactions with visibly disabled people are:
Speak to the person normally and directly. Avoid using baby talk or addressing someone next to them. In most cases, if alternative ways need to be used to communicate, the person or someone else will inform you.
Don't assume every physically disabled person needs help. You may want to hold the door open for them, carry their bags, or help them pick up stuff that has fallen. However, you may be accidentally getting in their way, or making them feel like they are different from everyone else. Offer help first before diving in by simply asking them, "Can I help you with that?"
2-4. Use terminology preferred by the individual with the disability.
This shows sensitivity towards disabilities in a respectful way. Observe how the individual speaks about their disability and mimic their language. In some situations, you can ask them directly how to address their disability, but remember to do this respectfully.
Some people may not be comfortable to talk to you about their disability. Get to know the person a little bit, and then you might be able to ask them about their disability. For example, you can say, "I'm curious about your using a wheelchair. Are you comfortable talking about it, or would you prefer not to?"
Not all terms will be accepted by every person who has that disability. This person may tell you it's okay to use a particular term around them but it doesn't necessarily mean you can use it for every other person that has the same disability.
2-5. Use general terms to describe disabilities
When you are speaking or writing to the public, do a bit of research to ensure you use widely accepted terminology when talking about disabilities. Or when you are speaking about someone with a disability and you don't know the specific term or how to address their disability, use descriptive language such as, "Maya has a developmental disability" or "He is deaf."
Different situations and places have different accepted terms to describe disabilities. Identity-first language is more common in the UK and the Autistic, Deaf, and Blind communities. This means you would use the term "disabled person" compared to "person with a disability" which is person-first language. Always ask about this.
Person-first language is generally preferred by people with other intellectual and developmental disabilities and in the U.S.
When you're uncertain, use both person-first and identity-first language to respect both preferences.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:34",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Using Alternative Terms\\n1-1. Keep its definition in mind.\\nThe word \\\"retarded\\\" literally means something that is delayed or held back in progress. It has been used as a clinical term (in \\\"mental retardation\\\") to refer to people with intellectual disabilities. By calling someone or something retarded or \\\"a retard\\\", it creates the message that having disabilities means you're dumb or stupid. People who really have disabilities (cognitive or physical) should always be treated with respect and sensitivity.\\nRecognize that the word \\\"retarded\\\" is considered hate speech, and can be alienating and frightening to disabled people.\\n1-2. Recognize that \\\"mentally retarded\\\" is no longer an accepted diagnostic term.\\nThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has replaced the word \\\"mental retardation\\\" with \\\"intellectual disability\\\". The use of the term has outgrown its clinical routes, and is generally considered inappropriate and offensive in all mainstream uses now.\\nThe historical context of the word is important to know. People with disabilities have been treated poorly, discriminated against, abused, and neglected in the past and even today. Just changing the way you speak and avoiding using the term can make a difference for people with disabilities today and in the future.\\n1-3. Do not call something you don't like \\\"retarded\\\".\\nBy calling something \\\"retarded\\\", you are essentially saying an undesirable object or event is the same as someone with intellectual, developmental, or physical disabilities. This invalidates feelings and the identities of people with disabilities and puts them in a position where they are used to describe something that is considered to be flawed, useless, or stupid. It also makes YOU look flawed, useless and stupid by using such an uncool term. There are a ton of great words you can use instead to describe things, people, and situations that anger or annoy you. For example:\\nIf something is a bad idea, you can use words such as dense, useless, obtuse, pathetic, or vapid. Don't forget terms like jackass or bonehead. Or make up snappy new insults. Swearing may be okay, but might make you look less impressive.\\nIf someone or something angers you, use words like contemptible, enraging, evil, infuriating, horrible, irrational, rage-inducing.\\nIf someone or something is disgusting, try using nasty, gross, foul, nauseating, skeevy, repellent, repulsive, vomitous or terrible instead.\\n1-4. Never attack someone you don't like by calling them \\\"retarded\\\" or a \\\"tard\\\".\\nBy calling someone you don't like \\\"retarded\\\", you are equating all negative attributes about this person towards people with real disabilities. Come up with alternative words or phrases. For example:\\nIf a person does something they shouldn't do, you can say, \\\"What you did didn't even make sense!\\\" or \\\"That was careless/foolish!\\\". \\\"Where's your head?!\\\" \\\"What the hell were you thinking?\\\" Or from baseball, \\\"That was a bonehead play.\\\"\\nIf a person does something that angers you, you can say, \\\"You're unbelievable!\\\" or \\\"You make me so furious!\\\". \\\"He makes me so mad I could explode!\\\" \\\"That just galls me.\\\"\\nIf someone does something that irritates you, tell them \\\"That is so annoying/irritating/immature\\\". \\\"You have no idea how ridiculous you look.\\\" \\\"You're acting like a jackass.\\\" \\\"Don't be a twit.\\\"\\nIf someone does something dense or is not listening to reason or logic, try saying \\\"You're being ignorant\\\" or \\\"That is irrational\\\" or \\\"Your idea is ridiculous\\\". \\\"You're not using your head.\\\" \\\"There is so much wrong with that idea I don't even know where to start.\\\"\\n1-5. Never use the word retarded to refer to a disabled person.\\nThis includes people with intellectual disabilities, developmental disabilities, and physical disabilities. If you are trying to figure out whether someone's intelligence is affected by their disability, you should ask if they have an intellectual disability (or not ask at all).\\n1-6. Apologize when you use the word.\\nSometimes habits can be hard to break. Make the active choice to acknowledge your mistake and apologize for it, even if you think the people around won't care or won't be affected by your language. By pointing out your mistake, others will take note and perhaps think twice before using \\\"retarded\\\" in their own language. You can simply say, \\\"I'm sorry for saying that. That was inappropriate\\\".\\nEven if you don't think you are in the presence of someone with a disability, someone near you may have an invisible disability, or know someone with a disability. They will appreciate your sincerity and apology.\\n1-7. Tell others you won't be using the r-word anymore.\\nMany people have taken the pledge not to use the R-word and are proactively sharing their stories with people around the world. Making a public or active decision not to use the r-word can:\\nMake yourself accountable. When you slip up, others will catch on and remind you that you used the word. It will also challenge you not to use the word because you won't want to break your pledge and look like a bad example to others.\\nRaise awareness of the dangers of using the r-word. Some people may have never thought the r-word was offensive. By pledging publicly, you are raising awareness of the problem and challenging others to rethink their use of the word.\\nGenerate discourse. People may tell you that using the r-word is \\\"no big deal\\\". This is a great opportunity for you to educate others about why the r-word is not cool and that it does matter when you use hurtful and offensive language.\\n2. Understanding Disabilities\\n2-1. Stop thinking of disabled people as lesser.\\nView people with disabilities as different, not inferior. You can help them feel included by accepting them for who they are, disabilities and all.\\nDon't criticize someone for looking or acting unusual (e.g. stimming, having an unusual face, or being a little hyper). These quirks are part of who they are, and should be respected just as much as your love of computers or the shape of your chin.\\nStop calling bad things \\\"stupid\\\" or \\\"dumb.\\\" People who have intellectual disabilities don't deserve that comparison. (And maybe they hate Nickelback just as much as you do.)\\nRecognize that each person has their own worth. A dyslexic person might be a ridiculously hard worker, while your friend with Down Syndrome is the kindest person you know. Some strengths are even tied directly to disability, such as the spacial perception strengths associated with autism.\\n2-2. Know that people with disabilities are people.\\nTheir disabilities do not necessarily define or encompass their entire identity. However, this doesn't mean avoiding or dismissing the subject of their disabilities. Some things you can do to help navigate interactions:\\nGet to know them first. Many people with disabilities want to be included. Do not treat them like they are \\\"special\\\" by using baby talk or talking about them like they aren't there. Instead, approach someone with a disability like you would with anyone else.\\nCommunicate with them. Some people with intellectual disabilities understand better if you slow your speech down a little. Some are better at communicating in other ways such as with facial expressions, hand gestures, or writing.\\nLearn more about their disability, either through your own research or through others. By having a better understanding of someone's disabilities, you can better communicate with others and change the way you think about people with disabilities.\\n2-3. Do not assume people have cognitive disabilities based on their physical capabilities.\\nHaving obvious physical signs of disabilities does not mean someone also has intellectual disabilities, or that they are incapable of handling a normal conversation. (Don't forget Stephen Hawking!) Some things you can do to help you navigate interactions with visibly disabled people are:\\nSpeak to the person normally and directly. Avoid using baby talk or addressing someone next to them. In most cases, if alternative ways need to be used to communicate, the person or someone else will inform you.\\nDon't assume every physically disabled person needs help. You may want to hold the door open for them, carry their bags, or help them pick up stuff that has fallen. However, you may be accidentally getting in their way, or making them feel like they are different from everyone else. Offer help first before diving in by simply asking them, \\\"Can I help you with that?\\\"\\n2-4. Use terminology preferred by the individual with the disability.\\nThis shows sensitivity towards disabilities in a respectful way. Observe how the individual speaks about their disability and mimic their language. In some situations, you can ask them directly how to address their disability, but remember to do this respectfully.\\nSome people may not be comfortable to talk to you about their disability. Get to know the person a little bit, and then you might be able to ask them about their disability. For example, you can say, \\\"I'm curious about your using a wheelchair. Are you comfortable talking about it, or would you prefer not to?\\\"\\nNot all terms will be accepted by every person who has that disability. This person may tell you it's okay to use a particular term around them but it doesn't necessarily mean you can use it for every other person that has the same disability.\\n2-5. Use general terms to describe disabilities\\nWhen you are speaking or writing to the public, do a bit of research to ensure you use widely accepted terminology when talking about disabilities. Or when you are speaking about someone with a disability and you don't know the specific term or how to address their disability, use descriptive language such as, \\\"Maya has a developmental disability\\\" or \\\"He is deaf.\\\"\\nDifferent situations and places have different accepted terms to describe disabilities. Identity-first language is more common in the UK and the Autistic, Deaf, and Blind communities. This means you would use the term \\\"disabled person\\\" compared to \\\"person with a disability\\\" which is person-first language. Always ask about this.\\nPerson-first language is generally preferred by people with other intellectual and developmental disabilities and in the U.S.\\nWhen you're uncertain, use both person-first and identity-first language to respect both preferences.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Language changes with time and with the people who use it. The word \\\"retarded\\\" is an outdated term initially used to describe people with intellectual, developmental, or physical disabilities. At one time it was the polite thing to say, replacing words like moron or idiot -- which were also once polite and even medical words. However, in today's English language, it is often also used as an insult and can be very hurtful to mentally disabled people. For many people who have disabilities, \\\"retarded\\\" is a word that excludes, undermines, and devalues them as people. Avoid using this term altogether. It is not cool, and it makes you look like a person with no class.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Using Alternative Terms\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep its definition in mind.\", \"描述\": \"The word \\\"retarded\\\" literally means something that is delayed or held back in progress. It has been used as a clinical term (in \\\"mental retardation\\\") to refer to people with intellectual disabilities. By calling someone or something retarded or \\\"a retard\\\", it creates the message that having disabilities means you're dumb or stupid. People who really have disabilities (cognitive or physical) should always be treated with respect and sensitivity.\\nRecognize that the word \\\"retarded\\\" is considered hate speech, and can be alienating and frightening to disabled people.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Recognize that \\\"mentally retarded\\\" is no longer an accepted diagnostic term.\", \"描述\": \"The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has replaced the word \\\"mental retardation\\\" with \\\"intellectual disability\\\". The use of the term has outgrown its clinical routes, and is generally considered inappropriate and offensive in all mainstream uses now.\\nThe historical context of the word is important to know. People with disabilities have been treated poorly, discriminated against, abused, and neglected in the past and even today. Just changing the way you speak and avoiding using the term can make a difference for people with disabilities today and in the future.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do not call something you don't like \\\"retarded\\\".\", \"描述\": \"By calling something \\\"retarded\\\", you are essentially saying an undesirable object or event is the same as someone with intellectual, developmental, or physical disabilities. This invalidates feelings and the identities of people with disabilities and puts them in a position where they are used to describe something that is considered to be flawed, useless, or stupid. It also makes YOU look flawed, useless and stupid by using such an uncool term. There are a ton of great words you can use instead to describe things, people, and situations that anger or annoy you. For example:\\nIf something is a bad idea, you can use words such as dense, useless, obtuse, pathetic, or vapid. Don't forget terms like jackass or bonehead. Or make up snappy new insults. Swearing may be okay, but might make you look less impressive.\\nIf someone or something angers you, use words like contemptible, enraging, evil, infuriating, horrible, irrational, rage-inducing.\\nIf someone or something is disgusting, try using nasty, gross, foul, nauseating, skeevy, repellent, repulsive, vomitous or terrible instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Never attack someone you don't like by calling them \\\"retarded\\\" or a \\\"tard\\\".\", \"描述\": \"By calling someone you don't like \\\"retarded\\\", you are equating all negative attributes about this person towards people with real disabilities. Come up with alternative words or phrases. For example:\\nIf a person does something they shouldn't do, you can say, \\\"What you did didn't even make sense!\\\" or \\\"That was careless/foolish!\\\". \\\"Where's your head?!\\\" \\\"What the hell were you thinking?\\\" Or from baseball, \\\"That was a bonehead play.\\\"\\nIf a person does something that angers you, you can say, \\\"You're unbelievable!\\\" or \\\"You make me so furious!\\\". \\\"He makes me so mad I could explode!\\\" \\\"That just galls me.\\\"\\nIf someone does something that irritates you, tell them \\\"That is so annoying/irritating/immature\\\". \\\"You have no idea how ridiculous you look.\\\" \\\"You're acting like a jackass.\\\" \\\"Don't be a twit.\\\"\\nIf someone does something dense or is not listening to reason or logic, try saying \\\"You're being ignorant\\\" or \\\"That is irrational\\\" or \\\"Your idea is ridiculous\\\". \\\"You're not using your head.\\\" \\\"There is so much wrong with that idea I don't even know where to start.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Never use the word retarded to refer to a disabled person.\", \"描述\": \"This includes people with intellectual disabilities, developmental disabilities, and physical disabilities. If you are trying to figure out whether someone's intelligence is affected by their disability, you should ask if they have an intellectual disability (or not ask at all).\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Apologize when you use the word.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes habits can be hard to break. Make the active choice to acknowledge your mistake and apologize for it, even if you think the people around won't care or won't be affected by your language. By pointing out your mistake, others will take note and perhaps think twice before using \\\"retarded\\\" in their own language. You can simply say, \\\"I'm sorry for saying that. That was inappropriate\\\".\\nEven if you don't think you are in the presence of someone with a disability, someone near you may have an invisible disability, or know someone with a disability. They will appreciate your sincerity and apology.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Tell others you won't be using the r-word anymore.\", \"描述\": \"Many people have taken the pledge not to use the R-word and are proactively sharing their stories with people around the world. Making a public or active decision not to use the r-word can:\\nMake yourself accountable. When you slip up, others will catch on and remind you that you used the word. It will also challenge you not to use the word because you won't want to break your pledge and look like a bad example to others.\\nRaise awareness of the dangers of using the r-word. Some people may have never thought the r-word was offensive. By pledging publicly, you are raising awareness of the problem and challenging others to rethink their use of the word.\\nGenerate discourse. People may tell you that using the r-word is \\\"no big deal\\\". This is a great opportunity for you to educate others about why the r-word is not cool and that it does matter when you use hurtful and offensive language.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Understanding Disabilities\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Stop thinking of disabled people as lesser.\", \"描述\": \"View people with disabilities as different, not inferior. You can help them feel included by accepting them for who they are, disabilities and all.\\nDon't criticize someone for looking or acting unusual (e.g. stimming, having an unusual face, or being a little hyper). These quirks are part of who they are, and should be respected just as much as your love of computers or the shape of your chin.\\nStop calling bad things \\\"stupid\\\" or \\\"dumb.\\\" People who have intellectual disabilities don't deserve that comparison. (And maybe they hate Nickelback just as much as you do.)\\nRecognize that each person has their own worth. A dyslexic person might be a ridiculously hard worker, while your friend with Down Syndrome is the kindest person you know. Some strengths are even tied directly to disability, such as the spacial perception strengths associated with autism.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know that people with disabilities are people.\", \"描述\": \"Their disabilities do not necessarily define or encompass their entire identity. However, this doesn't mean avoiding or dismissing the subject of their disabilities. Some things you can do to help navigate interactions:\\nGet to know them first. Many people with disabilities want to be included. Do not treat them like they are \\\"special\\\" by using baby talk or talking about them like they aren't there. Instead, approach someone with a disability like you would with anyone else.\\nCommunicate with them. Some people with intellectual disabilities understand better if you slow your speech down a little. Some are better at communicating in other ways such as with facial expressions, hand gestures, or writing.\\nLearn more about their disability, either through your own research or through others. By having a better understanding of someone's disabilities, you can better communicate with others and change the way you think about people with disabilities.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Do not assume people have cognitive disabilities based on their physical capabilities.\", \"描述\": \"Having obvious physical signs of disabilities does not mean someone also has intellectual disabilities, or that they are incapable of handling a normal conversation. (Don't forget Stephen Hawking!) Some things you can do to help you navigate interactions with visibly disabled people are:\\nSpeak to the person normally and directly. Avoid using baby talk or addressing someone next to them. In most cases, if alternative ways need to be used to communicate, the person or someone else will inform you.\\nDon't assume every physically disabled person needs help. You may want to hold the door open for them, carry their bags, or help them pick up stuff that has fallen. However, you may be accidentally getting in their way, or making them feel like they are different from everyone else. Offer help first before diving in by simply asking them, \\\"Can I help you with that?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use terminology preferred by the individual with the disability.\", \"描述\": \"This shows sensitivity towards disabilities in a respectful way. Observe how the individual speaks about their disability and mimic their language. In some situations, you can ask them directly how to address their disability, but remember to do this respectfully.\\nSome people may not be comfortable to talk to you about their disability. Get to know the person a little bit, and then you might be able to ask them about their disability. For example, you can say, \\\"I'm curious about your using a wheelchair. Are you comfortable talking about it, or would you prefer not to?\\\"\\nNot all terms will be accepted by every person who has that disability. This person may tell you it's okay to use a particular term around them but it doesn't necessarily mean you can use it for every other person that has the same disability.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Use general terms to describe disabilities\", \"描述\": \"When you are speaking or writing to the public, do a bit of research to ensure you use widely accepted terminology when talking about disabilities. Or when you are speaking about someone with a disability and you don't know the specific term or how to address their disability, use descriptive language such as, \\\"Maya has a developmental disability\\\" or \\\"He is deaf.\\\"\\nDifferent situations and places have different accepted terms to describe disabilities. Identity-first language is more common in the UK and the Autistic, Deaf, and Blind communities. This means you would use the term \\\"disabled person\\\" compared to \\\"person with a disability\\\" which is person-first language. Always ask about this.\\nPerson-first language is generally preferred by people with other intellectual and developmental disabilities and in the U.S.\\nWhen you're uncertain, use both person-first and identity-first language to respect both preferences.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,237 | How to Avoid Vicious Dog Attacks on Your Small Dog | 1. Protecting Your Dog
1-1. Know the signs of aggression in dogs.
By noticing signs of aggression in other dogs, you can quickly remove and protect your dog from a potential attack. Aggression in dogs usually begins with warning signs and then culminates into an attack. However, the time between warning signs and an attack can be very quick. For example, it can be as quick as two to three seconds. Here are some signs of aggression in dogs:
The dog’s body becomes very still and rigid.
The dog makes threatening sounds, like guttural barks.
The dog begins to snarl, i.e., growl and show teeth.
The dog begins to lunge forward or charge at you and your dog.
The dog tries to make itself look bigger by raising its ears up and forward, by making the fur on its back and tail stand up, and by raising its tail straight in the air.
1-2. Remain calm.
If another dog begins showing signs of aggression toward you and your dog, try not to get anxious, angry, or fearful. Your dog, as well as the aggressive dog, can read your energy. If you become fearful, anxious, or angry, your dog will sense this and become anxious. The other dog will be able to sense your fear or anxiety, as well. Your fear, anger, or anxiety can encourage or provoke the other dog to attack.
Do not yell or scream at the aggressive dog or your dog. Take a couple of deep breaths and tell your dog, “It’s ok,” in a reassuring tone. You can calmly and firmly say, “No,” to your dog, as well as the other dog.
1-3. Create space.
Create space between you and your dog, and another person and their dog, by moving across the street to the other sidewalk. If you cannot move across the street, create space by standing in front of your dog. You can also create space by moving into a driveway or a lawn to let the other dog and their owner pass. Or, go behind a car.
1-4. Pick up your dog.
If an aggressive dog is already lunging or running toward you and your dog, pick up your dog immediately. Do not run the other way, or turn your back. This will prompt the dog to either chase you, or attack your back.
Simply scoop up your dog and remain calm. Put your hands over your dog’s eyes and face. Firmly tell the aggressive dog (without yelling), “No,” “Leave it,” or “Stop.”
Stand your ground. Slowly back away from the dog until the owner has regained control of their dog.
2. Preventing an Attack
2-1. Be aware of off-leash dogs.
If an off-leash dog begins to approach your dog, command the dog to “Sit,” “Leave,” or “Go home.” To further you message, raise your hand in a “stop” signal, and reinforce it with “No.” If you have doggie treats, put out some treats to distract the approaching dog. If the dog falls for the bait, keep moving past it.
Try to create as much distance as you can between your dog, and the off-leash dog. If the dog keeps following you, head home.
2-2. Carry a stick with you.
There are times when avoidance tactics just don’t work. To prepare for these situations, carry a stick with you. Carry a stick that is at least an inch in diameter and two feet long, like a walking stick, cane, twirler’s baton, or PVC pipe. The point is to make the stick an obstacle the aggressive dog has to overcome, not a weapon.
When an aggressive dog approaches, point the stick at the dogs nose. If the dog stops advancing, take small steps toward it while still pointing the stick at the dog’s nose. If the dog backs up, take another small step. Repeat this until the dog backs down.
If the dog does not back down, keep the stick pointed at its nose. Do not swing the stick because it leaves you open for attack, and you could hurt the dog. The point is to have the dog grab the stick with its mouth so that its mouth is preoccupied. Once the dog grabs the stick, do not pull back. Wait for the dog to pull, and when it does, take a step forward. This will push the stick into the dog’s mouth, but be careful not to hurt the dog. Repeat this until the dog backs down.
2-3. Carry other protective devices.
Other devices that will help deter aggressive dogs are air horns, rape alarms, and umbrellas. The loud sound produced by an air horn or a rape alarm will startle an approaching dog, and hopefully deter it from advancing. On the other hand, an umbrella is useful in either frightening the dog, or creating a barrier. When a dog is approaching, open the umbrella in front of the dog.
3. Training Your Dog
3-1. Teach your dog indifference.
Train your dog to avoid other dogs, unless you say it is ok to initiate interaction. Teaching your dog how to be indifferent to another dog, especially if it is aggressive, will decrease the chances of an aggressive interaction.
When encountering another dog and its owner, keep your eyes forward, and do not look at the other owner or their dog. Keep walking at a natural pace. Reward your dog with a treat if they show indifference to the other dog.
If your dog begins staring, obsessing, or interacting with the other dog without your permission, tell your dog to “Sit” and refocus its attention on you. Once your dog sits and the other dog has passed along. Give your dog a treat for obeying.
3-2. Know how to calm your dog.
Training your dog to sit, stay, and get up when told is an effective way to calm and reassure your dog. At home, practice telling your dog to sit. Every time he sits, give him a reward, like a treat. Also, practice telling him commands like “Yes” or “Ok,” so it knows that your are the final authority on when to get up.
Training your dog reassures your dog that, if it encounters a negative situation, you will handle it for him. This prevents your dog from feeling like it needs to defend itself. If your dog feels as if you cannot protect it, any sign of aggression from another dog will provoke aggression in your dog.
3-3. Keep greetings short and sweet.
Prevent your dog from getting overexcited at the sight of another dog by keeping greetings between your dog and other dogs brief and positive. While your dog is saying, "Hello," to another dog, keep the interaction brief by positively interrupting your dog to refocus its attention on you.
Once your dog has met a dog, interrupt it and regain your dog’s focus for a few seconds. A positive, interruptive command could be something like, “Hey, hey” or “Come on.” Gently tug your dog’s leash to move him away. Reward your dog’s good behavior.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:34",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Protecting Your Dog\\n1-1. Know the signs of aggression in dogs.\\nBy noticing signs of aggression in other dogs, you can quickly remove and protect your dog from a potential attack. Aggression in dogs usually begins with warning signs and then culminates into an attack. However, the time between warning signs and an attack can be very quick. For example, it can be as quick as two to three seconds. Here are some signs of aggression in dogs:\\nThe dog’s body becomes very still and rigid.\\nThe dog makes threatening sounds, like guttural barks.\\nThe dog begins to snarl, i.e., growl and show teeth.\\nThe dog begins to lunge forward or charge at you and your dog.\\nThe dog tries to make itself look bigger by raising its ears up and forward, by making the fur on its back and tail stand up, and by raising its tail straight in the air.\\n1-2. Remain calm.\\nIf another dog begins showing signs of aggression toward you and your dog, try not to get anxious, angry, or fearful. Your dog, as well as the aggressive dog, can read your energy. If you become fearful, anxious, or angry, your dog will sense this and become anxious. The other dog will be able to sense your fear or anxiety, as well. Your fear, anger, or anxiety can encourage or provoke the other dog to attack.\\nDo not yell or scream at the aggressive dog or your dog. Take a couple of deep breaths and tell your dog, “It’s ok,” in a reassuring tone. You can calmly and firmly say, “No,” to your dog, as well as the other dog.\\n1-3. Create space.\\nCreate space between you and your dog, and another person and their dog, by moving across the street to the other sidewalk. If you cannot move across the street, create space by standing in front of your dog. You can also create space by moving into a driveway or a lawn to let the other dog and their owner pass. Or, go behind a car.\\n1-4. Pick up your dog.\\nIf an aggressive dog is already lunging or running toward you and your dog, pick up your dog immediately. Do not run the other way, or turn your back. This will prompt the dog to either chase you, or attack your back.\\nSimply scoop up your dog and remain calm. Put your hands over your dog’s eyes and face. Firmly tell the aggressive dog (without yelling), “No,” “Leave it,” or “Stop.”\\nStand your ground. Slowly back away from the dog until the owner has regained control of their dog.\\n2. Preventing an Attack\\n2-1. Be aware of off-leash dogs.\\nIf an off-leash dog begins to approach your dog, command the dog to “Sit,” “Leave,” or “Go home.” To further you message, raise your hand in a “stop” signal, and reinforce it with “No.” If you have doggie treats, put out some treats to distract the approaching dog. If the dog falls for the bait, keep moving past it.\\nTry to create as much distance as you can between your dog, and the off-leash dog. If the dog keeps following you, head home.\\n2-2. Carry a stick with you.\\nThere are times when avoidance tactics just don’t work. To prepare for these situations, carry a stick with you. Carry a stick that is at least an inch in diameter and two feet long, like a walking stick, cane, twirler’s baton, or PVC pipe. The point is to make the stick an obstacle the aggressive dog has to overcome, not a weapon.\\nWhen an aggressive dog approaches, point the stick at the dogs nose. If the dog stops advancing, take small steps toward it while still pointing the stick at the dog’s nose. If the dog backs up, take another small step. Repeat this until the dog backs down.\\nIf the dog does not back down, keep the stick pointed at its nose. Do not swing the stick because it leaves you open for attack, and you could hurt the dog. The point is to have the dog grab the stick with its mouth so that its mouth is preoccupied. Once the dog grabs the stick, do not pull back. Wait for the dog to pull, and when it does, take a step forward. This will push the stick into the dog’s mouth, but be careful not to hurt the dog. Repeat this until the dog backs down.\\n2-3. Carry other protective devices.\\nOther devices that will help deter aggressive dogs are air horns, rape alarms, and umbrellas. The loud sound produced by an air horn or a rape alarm will startle an approaching dog, and hopefully deter it from advancing. On the other hand, an umbrella is useful in either frightening the dog, or creating a barrier. When a dog is approaching, open the umbrella in front of the dog.\\n3. Training Your Dog\\n3-1. Teach your dog indifference.\\nTrain your dog to avoid other dogs, unless you say it is ok to initiate interaction. Teaching your dog how to be indifferent to another dog, especially if it is aggressive, will decrease the chances of an aggressive interaction.\\nWhen encountering another dog and its owner, keep your eyes forward, and do not look at the other owner or their dog. Keep walking at a natural pace. Reward your dog with a treat if they show indifference to the other dog.\\nIf your dog begins staring, obsessing, or interacting with the other dog without your permission, tell your dog to “Sit” and refocus its attention on you. Once your dog sits and the other dog has passed along. Give your dog a treat for obeying.\\n3-2. Know how to calm your dog.\\nTraining your dog to sit, stay, and get up when told is an effective way to calm and reassure your dog. At home, practice telling your dog to sit. Every time he sits, give him a reward, like a treat. Also, practice telling him commands like “Yes” or “Ok,” so it knows that your are the final authority on when to get up.\\nTraining your dog reassures your dog that, if it encounters a negative situation, you will handle it for him. This prevents your dog from feeling like it needs to defend itself. If your dog feels as if you cannot protect it, any sign of aggression from another dog will provoke aggression in your dog.\\n3-3. Keep greetings short and sweet.\\nPrevent your dog from getting overexcited at the sight of another dog by keeping greetings between your dog and other dogs brief and positive. While your dog is saying, \\\"Hello,\\\" to another dog, keep the interaction brief by positively interrupting your dog to refocus its attention on you.\\nOnce your dog has met a dog, interrupt it and regain your dog’s focus for a few seconds. A positive, interruptive command could be something like, “Hey, hey” or “Come on.” Gently tug your dog’s leash to move him away. Reward your dog’s good behavior.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Vicious attacks on your small dog can rattle your dog, as well as you, the owner. To avoid vicious attacks, learn the signs of aggression in other dogs. By learning these signs, you can use the necessary tools to thwart the aggressive dog and protect your small dog. Also, by training your small dog to be calm and indifferent toward other dogs, you can attempt to prevent any negative or aggressive interactions between your dog and another dog.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Protecting Your Dog\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know the signs of aggression in dogs.\", \"描述\": \"By noticing signs of aggression in other dogs, you can quickly remove and protect your dog from a potential attack. Aggression in dogs usually begins with warning signs and then culminates into an attack. However, the time between warning signs and an attack can be very quick. For example, it can be as quick as two to three seconds. Here are some signs of aggression in dogs:\\nThe dog’s body becomes very still and rigid.\\nThe dog makes threatening sounds, like guttural barks.\\nThe dog begins to snarl, i.e., growl and show teeth.\\nThe dog begins to lunge forward or charge at you and your dog.\\nThe dog tries to make itself look bigger by raising its ears up and forward, by making the fur on its back and tail stand up, and by raising its tail straight in the air.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remain calm.\", \"描述\": \"If another dog begins showing signs of aggression toward you and your dog, try not to get anxious, angry, or fearful. Your dog, as well as the aggressive dog, can read your energy. If you become fearful, anxious, or angry, your dog will sense this and become anxious. The other dog will be able to sense your fear or anxiety, as well. Your fear, anger, or anxiety can encourage or provoke the other dog to attack.\\nDo not yell or scream at the aggressive dog or your dog. Take a couple of deep breaths and tell your dog, “It’s ok,” in a reassuring tone. You can calmly and firmly say, “No,” to your dog, as well as the other dog.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Create space.\", \"描述\": \"Create space between you and your dog, and another person and their dog, by moving across the street to the other sidewalk. If you cannot move across the street, create space by standing in front of your dog. You can also create space by moving into a driveway or a lawn to let the other dog and their owner pass. Or, go behind a car.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pick up your dog.\", \"描述\": \"If an aggressive dog is already lunging or running toward you and your dog, pick up your dog immediately. Do not run the other way, or turn your back. This will prompt the dog to either chase you, or attack your back.\\nSimply scoop up your dog and remain calm. Put your hands over your dog’s eyes and face. Firmly tell the aggressive dog (without yelling), “No,” “Leave it,” or “Stop.”\\nStand your ground. Slowly back away from the dog until the owner has regained control of their dog.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Preventing an Attack\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be aware of off-leash dogs.\", \"描述\": \"If an off-leash dog begins to approach your dog, command the dog to “Sit,” “Leave,” or “Go home.” To further you message, raise your hand in a “stop” signal, and reinforce it with “No.” If you have doggie treats, put out some treats to distract the approaching dog. If the dog falls for the bait, keep moving past it.\\nTry to create as much distance as you can between your dog, and the off-leash dog. If the dog keeps following you, head home.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Carry a stick with you.\", \"描述\": \"There are times when avoidance tactics just don’t work. To prepare for these situations, carry a stick with you. Carry a stick that is at least an inch in diameter and two feet long, like a walking stick, cane, twirler’s baton, or PVC pipe. The point is to make the stick an obstacle the aggressive dog has to overcome, not a weapon.\\nWhen an aggressive dog approaches, point the stick at the dogs nose. If the dog stops advancing, take small steps toward it while still pointing the stick at the dog’s nose. If the dog backs up, take another small step. Repeat this until the dog backs down.\\nIf the dog does not back down, keep the stick pointed at its nose. Do not swing the stick because it leaves you open for attack, and you could hurt the dog. The point is to have the dog grab the stick with its mouth so that its mouth is preoccupied. Once the dog grabs the stick, do not pull back. Wait for the dog to pull, and when it does, take a step forward. This will push the stick into the dog’s mouth, but be careful not to hurt the dog. Repeat this until the dog backs down.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Carry other protective devices.\", \"描述\": \"Other devices that will help deter aggressive dogs are air horns, rape alarms, and umbrellas. The loud sound produced by an air horn or a rape alarm will startle an approaching dog, and hopefully deter it from advancing. On the other hand, an umbrella is useful in either frightening the dog, or creating a barrier. When a dog is approaching, open the umbrella in front of the dog.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Training Your Dog\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Teach your dog indifference.\", \"描述\": \"Train your dog to avoid other dogs, unless you say it is ok to initiate interaction. Teaching your dog how to be indifferent to another dog, especially if it is aggressive, will decrease the chances of an aggressive interaction.\\nWhen encountering another dog and its owner, keep your eyes forward, and do not look at the other owner or their dog. Keep walking at a natural pace. Reward your dog with a treat if they show indifference to the other dog.\\nIf your dog begins staring, obsessing, or interacting with the other dog without your permission, tell your dog to “Sit” and refocus its attention on you. Once your dog sits and the other dog has passed along. Give your dog a treat for obeying.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know how to calm your dog.\", \"描述\": \"Training your dog to sit, stay, and get up when told is an effective way to calm and reassure your dog. At home, practice telling your dog to sit. Every time he sits, give him a reward, like a treat. Also, practice telling him commands like “Yes” or “Ok,” so it knows that your are the final authority on when to get up.\\nTraining your dog reassures your dog that, if it encounters a negative situation, you will handle it for him. This prevents your dog from feeling like it needs to defend itself. If your dog feels as if you cannot protect it, any sign of aggression from another dog will provoke aggression in your dog.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep greetings short and sweet.\", \"描述\": \"Prevent your dog from getting overexcited at the sight of another dog by keeping greetings between your dog and other dogs brief and positive. While your dog is saying, \\\"Hello,\\\" to another dog, keep the interaction brief by positively interrupting your dog to refocus its attention on you.\\nOnce your dog has met a dog, interrupt it and regain your dog’s focus for a few seconds. A positive, interruptive command could be something like, “Hey, hey” or “Come on.” Gently tug your dog’s leash to move him away. Reward your dog’s good behavior.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,238 | How to Avoid Video Game Addiction | 1. What is video game addiction?
Gaming addiction occurs when play habits interfere with someone's life.
The addiction usually happens with internet-based games but can occur with any electronic device. The player can’t control how much time they spend on the game, meaning their lifestyle becomes unhealthy, and they fall behind in self-care, relationships, school and work. Common symptoms include:
Poor performance at school, work or household responsibilities as a result of excessive video game playing
Sadness, anxiety or irritability when games are taken away or gaming isn’t possible
Giving up other activities or social relationships for gaming
Lying to family members or others about the amount of time spent playing video games
A decline in personal hygiene or grooming due to excessive video gaming
Using video games to relieve negative moods, such as guilt or hopelessness
2. Overcoming Addiction
2-1. Accept responsibility.
The problem lies within the individual, not within the game. No attempt at beating 'addiction' can succeed until the individual accepts its existence. The first step is realizing there's a problem and deciding that the place you're in, is not working for you. It is not the existence of video games, nor the content of games, but the person who chooses to play them.
Video game is habit-forming, you must consciously decide to end the practice. Know that playing video games is not an addiction until you let it take over your life; so much so that you become dysfunctional. If you are unable to complete daily routine activities, then it's time to sit down and make conscious choices.
2-2. Identify the impact.
How many hours a day do you spend playing games? Do you normally go out on the weekend? When was the last time you read a book? Identifying the negative impacts of the addiction will help you focus on positive improvements and getting back the things that you are really missing.
2-3. Avoid blame.
Blaming others for problems that you alone must face does not solve the problems. The 'gaming industry' or manufacturers are not the cause of this problem, and blaming them does not make the problem better. The vast, extreme majority of 'gamers' are healthy individuals, accepting responsibility is the first step. Also, do not make excuses, take responsibility.
2-4. Stay positive.
While it is important to identify the negative aspects of the problem, it is also important to focus on the goal and progress that you have made.
2-5. Set limits.
Set a certain time amount of time each day when you allow yourself to play. If you decide that you have one hour per day to spend playing games, stick to that and choose your games accordingly. If you are playing a game that requires many hours of gameplay between saves, or which is an open-ended game like many MMOs, you likely should consider a different game or different genre of games.
Set a reminder on your phone to alert you when to start and stop playing.
If you find yourself unable to stop when the notification is up, it is a sign that you should quit playing completely.
2-6. Look into your drawer of CDs.
Are there more than 5 games that you have played in the last two months? Are these games open-ended (like Civilization, World of Warcraft, or Evil Genius)? This could be a warning sign.
2-7. Add up the total hours played per week.
This includes time spent reading walk-throughs and watching videos, or discussing games in real life. If this number is over 25, then there may be a problem.
2-8. Request that your parents put you on a strict time limit for computer playing.
There are freeware programs available for download that can help with this. Playing hide-and-go-seek with your parents (hiding your games) is an effective way to minimize gaming overall.
2-9. Find something else to do.
You know the statement "my anti-drug..." This statement is better phrased "my anti-addiction..." or "my anti-bad habit..." The best way to do this is to develop a variety of other things to do, with others.
2-10. Work on developing self-control, a little at a time.
This can be difficult in the best of times, but have faith in your own judgment. Developing your confidence level is essential, know beating an addiction is a challenging goal; and every minute of every day will count. Always stay ahead of your addiction by changing your brain activity, thinking, and doing other things for stimulation e.g. going for a walk, getting interested in nature, practising positive behaviors.
Tips
Try spending more time with friends outside of gaming. Play outside, start a book club, or do other puzzles and activities to sharpen your mind. You can even come up with your own games![6]
X
Research source
Important to change your pattern of behaviors; consciously seek other activity that can offer comparable excitement, and be part of a healthy choice regime.
Be an active parent. Teach your child to engage in positive decision-making. Children with gaming problems often do not spend enough time interacting with their parents in parent/child activity. Go out to a pizza place or well lit restaurant. Sign up for a family softball league. Go swimming. There are many, many activities that are enjoyable where computers or video games are not even available. Sometimes, "distraction" is the best way to start.
Warnings
The computer is a device essential to stereotypical life in today's world. Addiction must be treated like an eating disorder: very carefully.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:34",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. What is video game addiction?\\nGaming addiction occurs when play habits interfere with someone's life.\\nThe addiction usually happens with internet-based games but can occur with any electronic device. The player can’t control how much time they spend on the game, meaning their lifestyle becomes unhealthy, and they fall behind in self-care, relationships, school and work. Common symptoms include:\\nPoor performance at school, work or household responsibilities as a result of excessive video game playing\\nSadness, anxiety or irritability when games are taken away or gaming isn’t possible\\nGiving up other activities or social relationships for gaming\\nLying to family members or others about the amount of time spent playing video games\\nA decline in personal hygiene or grooming due to excessive video gaming\\nUsing video games to relieve negative moods, such as guilt or hopelessness\\n2. Overcoming Addiction\\n2-1. Accept responsibility.\\nThe problem lies within the individual, not within the game. No attempt at beating 'addiction' can succeed until the individual accepts its existence. The first step is realizing there's a problem and deciding that the place you're in, is not working for you. It is not the existence of video games, nor the content of games, but the person who chooses to play them.\\nVideo game is habit-forming, you must consciously decide to end the practice. Know that playing video games is not an addiction until you let it take over your life; so much so that you become dysfunctional. If you are unable to complete daily routine activities, then it's time to sit down and make conscious choices.\\n2-2. Identify the impact.\\nHow many hours a day do you spend playing games? Do you normally go out on the weekend? When was the last time you read a book? Identifying the negative impacts of the addiction will help you focus on positive improvements and getting back the things that you are really missing.\\n2-3. Avoid blame.\\nBlaming others for problems that you alone must face does not solve the problems. The 'gaming industry' or manufacturers are not the cause of this problem, and blaming them does not make the problem better. The vast, extreme majority of 'gamers' are healthy individuals, accepting responsibility is the first step. Also, do not make excuses, take responsibility.\\n2-4. Stay positive.\\nWhile it is important to identify the negative aspects of the problem, it is also important to focus on the goal and progress that you have made.\\n2-5. Set limits.\\nSet a certain time amount of time each day when you allow yourself to play. If you decide that you have one hour per day to spend playing games, stick to that and choose your games accordingly. If you are playing a game that requires many hours of gameplay between saves, or which is an open-ended game like many MMOs, you likely should consider a different game or different genre of games.\\nSet a reminder on your phone to alert you when to start and stop playing.\\nIf you find yourself unable to stop when the notification is up, it is a sign that you should quit playing completely.\\n2-6. Look into your drawer of CDs.\\nAre there more than 5 games that you have played in the last two months? Are these games open-ended (like Civilization, World of Warcraft, or Evil Genius)? This could be a warning sign.\\n2-7. Add up the total hours played per week.\\nThis includes time spent reading walk-throughs and watching videos, or discussing games in real life. If this number is over 25, then there may be a problem.\\n2-8. Request that your parents put you on a strict time limit for computer playing.\\nThere are freeware programs available for download that can help with this. Playing hide-and-go-seek with your parents (hiding your games) is an effective way to minimize gaming overall.\\n2-9. Find something else to do.\\nYou know the statement \\\"my anti-drug...\\\" This statement is better phrased \\\"my anti-addiction...\\\" or \\\"my anti-bad habit...\\\" The best way to do this is to develop a variety of other things to do, with others.\\n2-10. Work on developing self-control, a little at a time.\\nThis can be difficult in the best of times, but have faith in your own judgment. Developing your confidence level is essential, know beating an addiction is a challenging goal; and every minute of every day will count. Always stay ahead of your addiction by changing your brain activity, thinking, and doing other things for stimulation e.g. going for a walk, getting interested in nature, practising positive behaviors.\\nTips\\nTry spending more time with friends outside of gaming. Play outside, start a book club, or do other puzzles and activities to sharpen your mind. You can even come up with your own games![6]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nImportant to change your pattern of behaviors; consciously seek other activity that can offer comparable excitement, and be part of a healthy choice regime.\\nBe an active parent. Teach your child to engage in positive decision-making. Children with gaming problems often do not spend enough time interacting with their parents in parent/child activity. Go out to a pizza place or well lit restaurant. Sign up for a family softball league. Go swimming. There are many, many activities that are enjoyable where computers or video games are not even available. Sometimes, \\\"distraction\\\" is the best way to start.\\nWarnings\\nThe computer is a device essential to stereotypical life in today's world. Addiction must be treated like an eating disorder: very carefully.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"While some moderate playing is fine at any age, video game addiction can be very detrimental to one's health and social life. The following is a list detailing how to avoid becoming addicted, and how to recover if you are already addicted.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"What is video game addiction?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Gaming addiction occurs when play habits interfere with someone's life.\", \"描述\": \"The addiction usually happens with internet-based games but can occur with any electronic device. The player can’t control how much time they spend on the game, meaning their lifestyle becomes unhealthy, and they fall behind in self-care, relationships, school and work. Common symptoms include:\\nPoor performance at school, work or household responsibilities as a result of excessive video game playing\\nSadness, anxiety or irritability when games are taken away or gaming isn’t possible\\nGiving up other activities or social relationships for gaming\\nLying to family members or others about the amount of time spent playing video games\\nA decline in personal hygiene or grooming due to excessive video gaming\\nUsing video games to relieve negative moods, such as guilt or hopelessness\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Overcoming Addiction\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Accept responsibility.\", \"描述\": \"The problem lies within the individual, not within the game. No attempt at beating 'addiction' can succeed until the individual accepts its existence. The first step is realizing there's a problem and deciding that the place you're in, is not working for you. It is not the existence of video games, nor the content of games, but the person who chooses to play them.\\nVideo game is habit-forming, you must consciously decide to end the practice. Know that playing video games is not an addiction until you let it take over your life; so much so that you become dysfunctional. If you are unable to complete daily routine activities, then it's time to sit down and make conscious choices.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Identify the impact.\", \"描述\": \"How many hours a day do you spend playing games? Do you normally go out on the weekend? When was the last time you read a book? Identifying the negative impacts of the addiction will help you focus on positive improvements and getting back the things that you are really missing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid blame.\", \"描述\": \"Blaming others for problems that you alone must face does not solve the problems. The 'gaming industry' or manufacturers are not the cause of this problem, and blaming them does not make the problem better. The vast, extreme majority of 'gamers' are healthy individuals, accepting responsibility is the first step. Also, do not make excuses, take responsibility.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay positive.\", \"描述\": \"While it is important to identify the negative aspects of the problem, it is also important to focus on the goal and progress that you have made.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Set limits.\", \"描述\": \"Set a certain time amount of time each day when you allow yourself to play. If you decide that you have one hour per day to spend playing games, stick to that and choose your games accordingly. If you are playing a game that requires many hours of gameplay between saves, or which is an open-ended game like many MMOs, you likely should consider a different game or different genre of games.\\nSet a reminder on your phone to alert you when to start and stop playing.\\nIf you find yourself unable to stop when the notification is up, it is a sign that you should quit playing completely.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Look into your drawer of CDs.\", \"描述\": \"Are there more than 5 games that you have played in the last two months? Are these games open-ended (like Civilization, World of Warcraft, or Evil Genius)? This could be a warning sign.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Add up the total hours played per week.\", \"描述\": \"This includes time spent reading walk-throughs and watching videos, or discussing games in real life. If this number is over 25, then there may be a problem.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Request that your parents put you on a strict time limit for computer playing.\", \"描述\": \"There are freeware programs available for download that can help with this. Playing hide-and-go-seek with your parents (hiding your games) is an effective way to minimize gaming overall.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Find something else to do.\", \"描述\": \"You know the statement \\\"my anti-drug...\\\" This statement is better phrased \\\"my anti-addiction...\\\" or \\\"my anti-bad habit...\\\" The best way to do this is to develop a variety of other things to do, with others.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Work on developing self-control, a little at a time.\", \"描述\": \"This can be difficult in the best of times, but have faith in your own judgment. Developing your confidence level is essential, know beating an addiction is a challenging goal; and every minute of every day will count. Always stay ahead of your addiction by changing your brain activity, thinking, and doing other things for stimulation e.g. going for a walk, getting interested in nature, practising positive behaviors.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Try spending more time with friends outside of gaming. Play outside, start a book club, or do other puzzles and activities to sharpen your mind. You can even come up with your own games![6]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Important to change your pattern of behaviors; consciously seek other activity that can offer comparable excitement, and be part of a healthy choice regime.\\n\", \"Be an active parent. Teach your child to engage in positive decision-making. Children with gaming problems often do not spend enough time interacting with their parents in parent/child activity. Go out to a pizza place or well lit restaurant. Sign up for a family softball league. Go swimming. There are many, many activities that are enjoyable where computers or video games are not even available. Sometimes, \\\"distraction\\\" is the best way to start.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"The computer is a device essential to stereotypical life in today's world. Addiction must be treated like an eating disorder: very carefully.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,239 | How to Avoid Vocal Damage When Singing | 1. Pursuing Good Vocal Technique
1-1. Learn to recognize the following characteristics of healthy vocal technique:
It does not hurt your larynx (voice box).
It makes notes on each end of your range more accessible.
It helps you sing in tune.
It empowers you to sing longer without fatigue.
It is based on low breathing, and thinking a constant line of air.
It uses word images to help you naturally access good placement without the tension which comes from trying to manipulate various parts of the anatomy directly.
It tires the brain, but not the voice.
It will train you to recognize your good singing apart from mere sound (since acoustics are variable and deceptive) by bodily sensation plus visual cues in the mirror.
It will not push the chest voice (where most people speak) into an uncomfortable or range (where the physics work against you, producing tension), but uses the head voice for higher notes.
It connects from the head voice downward to make a seamless and large vocal range that matches from top to bottom, possibly using the downward siren to teach this element.
It produces volume (loudness) from breath equilibrium, facial vitality, and vowel shape, never from forcing.
It helps young voices develop healthy singing habits but doesn't push them to sound like adults in volume or timbre.
It provides clear, attainable, stepwise objectives, so you know what is expected and how to get there.
It uses positive instruction and affirmation, not discouragement.
Following it gives you a good chance of singing better at age 50 than you did at age 21.
1-2. Get a good voice teacher.
There are many limits to learning vocal technique from online advice:
A good voice teacher teaches each student a bit differently based on their needs and the way they respond to his directives. Though you can learn some basics from "reading up" or videos online, the approach will not be tailored to your needs. If you really must use only online material, then you should read many sources, using only those that work for you.
Many who give vocal advice online are not accredited teachers, and may be entirely untrained in healthy singing technique and teaching strategies. Professional vocal teachers will differ in how they approach the voice, and the style of singer they hope to produce. Find a teacher that is a good match for your desires and learning style.
If possible, seek one in the music department at a good university. Many music theater singers are taught to push the chest voice fairly high. If you take from a music theater professor, check with them about how they teach regarding the chest voice. In either department, ask around to see who is producing the best students, and ask if you may audition for them. Another option is to seek out excellent singers with music degrees, such as school teachers, who take a few students. If possible, attend a recital or master class to get a glimpse of their results.
If you are under age 18, enroll in choral music at your school, especially if the music teacher has a degree in vocal music. Start learning piano now, because the best voice teachers only take students who play well enough to learn their own songs without help. Piano instruction is more important than vocal instruction for anyone under age 18 who wants to be a singer.
2. Practicing Good Vocal Technique
2-1. Space out your singing engagements or long rehearsals to have at least one day between.
2-2. Don't clear your throat (ahem) with that grating of vocal folds against each other.
Instead, drink plenty of water to thin mucus, which is a natural lubricant for vocal folds. Use an expectorant when needed to cough efficiently and gently after a cold. You needn't clear all mucus off the vocal folds in order to sing. With good breathing technique, you can sing through the phlegm, and no one farther away than 3 feet (0.9 m) will hear it, though you hear it rattle inside your head.
2-3. Don't whisper to preserve your voice.
Whispering is actually worse than shouting.
2-4. If you are vocally sore, get a pad and paper and put yourself on vocal rest.
2-5. Stop smoking (or don't start).
2-6. Avoid using the glottal stop in your speech and singing.
2-7. If allergies plague you, consider allergy testing or adjusting your diet or environment to alleviate them.
Many people respond to milk by an increase in mucus production. If you know you are singing in the afternoon, it may be worthwhile to use almond milk in the morning instead of real dairy.
2-8. If you are a cheerleader, have your voice teacher train you to shout correctly.
In general, avoid shouting. Cheer in a crowd by applause or whistling at games, etc.
2-9. When laughing, don't let sound continue on the inhale.
2-10. Don't imitate the Wicked Witch of the West.
If you do voice-overs, use good sense in how you produce different characters.
2-11. If you do theater, get the volume for your voice to carry in a healthy way.
If you can't get that volume without yelling and straining, your voice is probably not really mature enough to do theater that is unaided by miking.
2-12. Don't speak in the gravelly basement part of your voice.
Use voice inflection and nuance to keep a lilt in the voice, especially if you must use it often, as in teaching. If you are timid, raising the pitch of your speaking voice a little will help you sound more confident.
2-13. Use decongestants and anti-histamines wisely.
If one of them makes you hoarse, find something better. For some people, taking 4 alfalfa tablets 3x per day is one acceptable alternative to other medications.
3. Exercises for Centering the Breath
3-1. Jelly Belly:
Put your hand on your belly at navel level to monitor movements. When breathing, you ideally should let the gut drop, relaxed like a big, fat, jelly belly. Though the belly is lower than the diaphragm, letting organs hang out for the breath makes more room for it to descend and gives you a feeling of relaxation and energy. Blow air out. Each time you breathe, let the dropping of the gut create the vacuum that sucks air in for you. You do not have to suck in air, just open up and let it come in. Check shoulders to see that they are hanging naturally back and relaxed, not jerking upwards during breathing.
3-2. Puffing P's:
With hand still monitoring belly movement, try some explosive p sounds, letting the p come from the belly area. As you "p-", the abdomen should naturally press itself inward with the puff of air.
3-3. Panting Dog:
Keeping in mind the low feel for your breathing source, open your mouth, let your tongue hang out, and keeping everything relaxed in jaw and throat, do puffs of air from your ab, training yourself to think low in the body and keep the throat uninvolved in the process of air intake.
3-4. The Catch-Breath:
At the end of a phrase, expel or express the final consonant well to create a springboard-type energy that enables your next breath to pop in naturally as you let the abdominal muscles relax. It enables a quick breath centered low in the body, setting you up well for the next phrase.
4. Exercises for Connecting the Voice to the Breath
4-1. Siren:
Breathing low in the body, start in a place high in your voice but not uncomfortable, and on "ah," siren downward. This is a siren, not singing. Don't try to make it pretty. Just make it very connected, the same vowel all the way through, all of the sound smoothly sliding, with no breaks in the sound. The sound rides on the breath, so the breath must be steady. You will use less volume of air for this exercise than the breathing exercises above, which are exaggerated for purpose of defining the breathing method. If there are spots where breaks want to come in your siren, start a little above the spot and make your siren move more slowly through that area. Do not rush anything in this exercise. Take time to prepare your breath, and when you run out of breath, take time to get another well-seated breath before continuing the slide down. Imagine a line of sound coming from your mouth moving to or through the wall to keep the vowel siren steady. Make sure you have plenty of room in your mouth for the "ah" as if pleasantly surprised, but NOT yawning. You may try this on different vowels. Remember it is not singing. Slide through all the notes, but don't sing it like a scale. Many singers find this the most effective exercise for connecting the voice to the breath and getting a seamless sound throughout their range.
4-2. 5-Note Slide:
Start this exercise just like the slide, but slide from 5 down to 1, (i.e.G down to C), sliding through the notes. Now sing the actual notes, but don't change anything in your body mechanism. Keep the face just as open, air just as flowing, etc. Move the 5 notes up or down the scale to warm up your voice. Take time to feel the center of your breathing (belly) before beginning each 5-note phrase. Don't rush.
4-3. Hawaiian Guitar:
In the song you are learning, sing through the notes in a phrase or part of a phrase on your favorite vowel, or after some experience, on the vowels of the lyrics, sliding from one note to another just like your siren exercise. Take breaths more often than you would in singing it straight through, each breath low in the body. You are teaching your body to connect all the notes to the body and breath with a feeling of constant fluidity. Gradually try it faster. Consistent practice of this method integrates correct breathing into your muscle memory for the song you are working on.
4-4. Vowels Only:
After sliding through the pitches, try to sing the actual notes on either one vowel or the vowels of the lyrics, but don't change the feel in your body and face from when you were sliding.
4-5. Clustering Consonants (to the beginning of each word.
Vowels are the clothesline, and consonants are the clothespins. They intersect the line, but they don't stop it or cut it in two. Your consonants and diphthong vowels should occur at the last moment and be springboards for the next traveling vowel. They are liquid and supportive of the vocal line. Think a stretch through them from low in the body.You can re-think phrases in the following manner, first made popular by Robert Shaw to have a great vocal line in your singing: Written text=Don't know when I've felt so blue... Sung text = doh ntnoh wheh nah eevfeh ltsoh bloo. In other words, you are placing the ending consonant of the previous word onto the next word in the phrase. It works for some people as a nice little trick to get you singing a steady vocal line.
5. Exercises for Shaping the Vowels
5-1. Say it, sing it:
Looking in the mirror, say a phrase you want to sing in your best expressive speaking voice. Then sing it, but don't change your mouth shape. This is best done in a medium low vocal range. It help you find a vowel that sounds alive. If you know you have a poor speaking voice and lazy vowels, it may help you to pretend you are someone else you know who has a good speaking voice. Singing right after saying it helps you find your natural vowel shape and avoid pitfalls of having the mouth too closed or unnaturally wrenched open for singing.
5-2. Upward slide:
Try this exercise only if you can successfully breathe from the body and do the downward slide. Let your mouth and throat be loose. Get a body breath and do a loose, very slidy siren on "ah" oozing slowly upward. Keep the breath moving, and let it move faster as you go higher in pitch. The impetus of the increased air should naturally make your face want to open up to make room for more air. Let the face do that. While most people will not open up enough for their high notes by intuition, most people's faces will open up for them on this exercise. It becomes a gauge by which you can find how open your vowel must be and how much air it must ride on to sing with ease in the high range.
5-3. Sneeze:
Imagine a tickling feeling inside behind your nose and eyes similar to what you feel right before you sneeze. Sing your vowels with that added tickle behind them. This is one way to get a clear, ringing sound in your vowels.
5-4. Pointy Triangle:
This works well, especially for many women. Think of a triangle with a very small point at the peak behind the bridge of your nose. Let this triangle be there as you sing.
5-5. Vowel Columns:
Each vowel has a top part and a bottom part, visualized like a column of air or an organ pipe. If you sing with the vowel well-formed behind the eyes but not seated on the low-body breathing mechanism, you are lacking the low part, and vice versa. You want to feel the whole length of every vowel, both the ringing part behind the eyes and the settled part within the body. In the upper ranges, you may feel more lift of air behind the vowel, but it should still be a column, though the column may seem to have a point on the top. Feel like you are letting each vowel bloom into its full shape.
6. Exercises for Singing with Musicality
6-1. Milk the Words:
Feel a stretchiness and languorous enjoyment of each word sound. Enjoy them, like good saltwater taffy.
6-2. Phrase Rainbows:
Each phrase has a shape, and many are like rainbows, with a stretch to a climax in the middle, falling to resolution at the end. Trace the shape of a rainbow in the air as you think these phrases, and it may help you sing them expressively. Other phrases look more like a waterslide or a straight line. Learn to think about the shape of your phrase and connect through it, expressing that shape in your impetus and dynamics.
6-3. Meaning of the words:
Create your own inner story of what is going on between the lines of the text. Then, let your body and face express this naturally by thinking that "story line" underneath your singing. In order to do this, you must often research the poetry for full understanding, and you must be well-prepared with your general song-learning to add this extra layer. Don't be too hasty in breaking the mood at the end of the song, but let it linger while you keep your eyes fixed on the same spot for a moment, as if the frame froze at the end of the movie. This will help the mood you have set to be quite powerful.
7. Exercises for Breathing Properly
7-1. Ping pong on the blow dryer:
Picture your singing as a state of equilibrium in which your vocal sounds ride on top of your steady flow of air. If your air is a steady line with just the right amount of air volume, your singing will float along with the very best physics possible for the vibration of the vocal folds. Higher notes need a faster flow of air, but it is not a frantic, tension-filled increase, just a stretch into more connection.
7-2. Rainbow breath gauge:
In order to have enough air at the end of a phrase, think of tracing the phrase in the air as a rainbow, and this helps you know how much air you can spend at the beginning and still get to the end.
7-3. Practice the end first:
On long phrases you have determined need to be sung on one breath, practice the end without the beginning first. Getting the body used to singing the end well with plenty of breath and without closing down or tension trains its muscle memory to find a good approach to this spot. Practicing it this way often before connecting the parts sets you up for success. But also, consider whether it's the better part of valor (wisdom) find a spot to breathe somewhere in it. No one will notice where you breathe if you make the breath part of the expression of the piece, make it as much a part of the music as the sung notes. But everyone will notice if you creak or turn blue on the last note.
7-4. Conveyor belt:
Think of your line of breath as being like a conveyor belt that never stops during the singing.
7-5. Line of air:
Think a steady line of air. Your singing all rides on this constant line. Depending on the style or range of the notes, you may have a silvery thin line or a thick line like a decorative fountain spurting up many columns. Learn to picture that steady line of air in your practice, and it will come naturally during performance.
7-6. Stretch through breaths:
Sometimes we struggle to get back our equilibrium after stopping to breathe for the next phrase. Think a body stretch through the breath, and it will leave you ready for the phrase, not disengaged.
8. Exercises for Finding the High Range
8-1. Kitty Squeaks (children and women) and Owl Hoots (changed-voice males):
these sounds can be used to help you locate the place behind the eyes within your head from which the highest notes should seem to come. The kitty squeak helps women find their whistle voice range. Use a small puff of air to barely touch a whistle-like ah, ih, or ee. It is a short sound. You can pulse this sound on separated staccato notes til you find the place where it rings well and feels free. Immature or inexperienced singers may not be ready for this. Most males can easily find the Mickey Mouse-sounding falsetto by doing an owl hoot. Often oo or oh vowels help males locate the sweet spot for their high notes.
8-2. Ping it, sing it:
Use just enough air to touch or puff a staccato note for each note in a phrase. This (if it works for you) may help set you up for the note to ride on the column of air and for the right vowel shape for each note. After gauging with the staccato puff, sing through the whole phrase, using what you learned.
8-3. Behind the front teeth:
Some singers find it helpful to picture their highest notes as a line of sound exiting the mouth from behind the two upper front teeth, or at the alveolar ridge.
8-4. Favorite vowel approach:
Many people have a vowel that seems to work best for them on high notes. When learning a new high portion of a piece, try learning it on that vowel before switching to the real words.
8-5. Making a space:
many different word images can help you create the lovely space in which your high notes need to resonate. You may think of a snake face, with eyes bulging and jaw dropped, or a Disney heroine face, with wide, innocent eyes and a twinkle in them. Some like to think of the air flowing out of the top of their head, or an unraveling skein of yarn being pulled out from the top of their head.
8-6. Scooping in:
When learning new literature, as you are sliding through it, it can be useful to slide into a high note from below, to help you connect the breath. If it is an area where your chest (speaking) voice wants to go up uncomfortably high, however, then slide down to it instead.
8-7. Sirening upwards as described above is great training for connected high notes.
9. Exercises for Finding the Low Range
9-1. Falling forward:
Healthy low notes will feel like they are falling forward out of your mouth, not being ground up out of your larynx. They are connected to the air, and flow out like liquid out of one of those fountains that has water coming out of the mouth of a fish. Low notes are not grabbed, but nurtured and allowed to happen.
9-2. Slow slide, fast slide:
Start near to your low range and slide very slowly down to it, keeping the line of air and keeping an open vowel. Then, start higher and make your slide quicker, seeing if you can still maintain the connection and openness.
9-3. Space in mouth:
Many people who open up well for high notes mistakenly think they must shut the mouth for low notes. This is not so. You must still provide space in the mouth and relax the jaw for low notes. The space behind the eyes may feel lower, however, as if behind the nose.
9-4. Dog muzzle:
It helps some people to think singing into a dog muzzle on their face when they ease into their low range.
9-5. Feel it in the chest:
Though you don't want to make it drop into the chest, rather fall forward from the face, you may feel more vibration or warmth in your chest area when using the low range.
10. Teaching Yourself
10-1. If a certain vowel works well for you, try a difficult phrase singing it on that vowel to get you started approaching it.
10-2. If a certain part in the song comes easily and another part is more difficult, sing the easy part first and sing the hard part immediately afterwards, while you are still in the easy vocal feel.
10-3. Don't blaze through a whole song every time.
Take out pieces of it to work on in isolation, training your body to sing each piece well. Then gradually put them back together.
10-4. Use a mirror to check for body breathing, facial aliveness, good vowel shapes, enough room in the mouth,..
.etc.
10-5. When learning music, play a short phrase on the piano, then sing it, matching pitch.
If you have recording software, it may occasionally be useful to record this process to see how close you are coming and identify pitch areas you need to slide through in order to center the vowel and breathing for truly stunning pitch accuracy.
11. Singing in a Vocal Ensemble
11-1. Come well-prepared so you don't let others down and strain your voice.
11-2. Listen to others around you and blend, don't blast.
Watch the conductor for tempo, dynamics, etc.
11-3. Your own personal dynamics:
Big voices in an ensemble may not be able to sing as softly as small voices. When asked for a pianissimo, find your own pianissimo. If you can't become soft enough for the group without vocal tension, lay own on that part and come back in subtly when the volume increases. Same with small voices, don't push harder than is healthy when asked for fortissimo. Sing "your" fortissimo.
11-4. Vibrato:
Some ensemble singing styles require the use of very subtle or even no vibrato. If you have natural vibrato and want to sing in a straight-tone group, seek the help of a capable teacher to learn how to sing with a simpler tone. You may, however, want to seek out a group that uses a style you produce more easily.
12. Ear Training
12-1. Intervals by sound and sight - If you don't read notes and hear intervals (the distance between two given notes) in your head, you should seek help for ear-training if you want to be a capable singer.
12-2. Rhythm - reading notes well enough to sing the rhythm accurately is also important.
12-3. Chords and understanding harmony - to sing like a professional, you need to sense which part of the chord you are singing.
This takes an understanding of harmony which is best learned, as are both of the above, by getting a good background in piano.
12-4. Independence, dissonance - Learn to hold your pitch even when things compete or distract, such as a next-door-neighbor who sings flat in your ear.
Try singing a familiar song with musical friends each a half-step apart from the others key-wise. If you practice such things, you'll be ready for contemporary choir pieces that have dissonance as their main expressive element, and you'll probably ace auditions where you have to sight-read in an ensemble group.
12-5. Counterpoint - Some choral styles are an interweaving of stacked melodies.
Your director should let you know which voice should be at the forefront, and which ones are to lie back and let it predominate. You will win the esteem of your director if you mark in your part what they've said and be careful to do it.
Tips
If you are a post-menapausal woman, you may experience hoarseness if not doing hormone replacement. Keeping well-hydrated and being consistent in vocal exercise may help. It is natural for the aging woman's voice to become lower in range, as it is for the aging man's voice to rise. In most of the elderly, the two actually meet in the middle at some point, giving them about the same area pitch-wise for their speech and singing.
Remember, it is impossible to teach voice well by an article over the internet. Look for good vocal instructors, school, community, and church music programs.
Warnings
If ANY exercises on this page cause pain in your vocal folds (voice box), don't use them. (Stretchiness in the back of the throat is fine, but tension or pain in the vocal chords is not.) Not every exercise is for every person. Become your voice's best advocate by paying attention to your body's signals as you explore singing instruction resources.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:34",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Pursuing Good Vocal Technique\\n1-1. Learn to recognize the following characteristics of healthy vocal technique:\\nIt does not hurt your larynx (voice box).\\nIt makes notes on each end of your range more accessible.\\nIt helps you sing in tune.\\nIt empowers you to sing longer without fatigue.\\nIt is based on low breathing, and thinking a constant line of air.\\nIt uses word images to help you naturally access good placement without the tension which comes from trying to manipulate various parts of the anatomy directly.\\nIt tires the brain, but not the voice.\\nIt will train you to recognize your good singing apart from mere sound (since acoustics are variable and deceptive) by bodily sensation plus visual cues in the mirror.\\nIt will not push the chest voice (where most people speak) into an uncomfortable or range (where the physics work against you, producing tension), but uses the head voice for higher notes.\\nIt connects from the head voice downward to make a seamless and large vocal range that matches from top to bottom, possibly using the downward siren to teach this element.\\nIt produces volume (loudness) from breath equilibrium, facial vitality, and vowel shape, never from forcing.\\nIt helps young voices develop healthy singing habits but doesn't push them to sound like adults in volume or timbre.\\nIt provides clear, attainable, stepwise objectives, so you know what is expected and how to get there.\\nIt uses positive instruction and affirmation, not discouragement.\\nFollowing it gives you a good chance of singing better at age 50 than you did at age 21.\\n1-2. Get a good voice teacher.\\nThere are many limits to learning vocal technique from online advice:\\nA good voice teacher teaches each student a bit differently based on their needs and the way they respond to his directives. Though you can learn some basics from \\\"reading up\\\" or videos online, the approach will not be tailored to your needs. If you really must use only online material, then you should read many sources, using only those that work for you.\\nMany who give vocal advice online are not accredited teachers, and may be entirely untrained in healthy singing technique and teaching strategies. Professional vocal teachers will differ in how they approach the voice, and the style of singer they hope to produce. Find a teacher that is a good match for your desires and learning style.\\nIf possible, seek one in the music department at a good university. Many music theater singers are taught to push the chest voice fairly high. If you take from a music theater professor, check with them about how they teach regarding the chest voice. In either department, ask around to see who is producing the best students, and ask if you may audition for them. Another option is to seek out excellent singers with music degrees, such as school teachers, who take a few students. If possible, attend a recital or master class to get a glimpse of their results.\\nIf you are under age 18, enroll in choral music at your school, especially if the music teacher has a degree in vocal music. Start learning piano now, because the best voice teachers only take students who play well enough to learn their own songs without help. Piano instruction is more important than vocal instruction for anyone under age 18 who wants to be a singer.\\n2. Practicing Good Vocal Technique\\n2-1. Space out your singing engagements or long rehearsals to have at least one day between.\\n\\n2-2. Don't clear your throat (ahem) with that grating of vocal folds against each other.\\nInstead, drink plenty of water to thin mucus, which is a natural lubricant for vocal folds. Use an expectorant when needed to cough efficiently and gently after a cold. You needn't clear all mucus off the vocal folds in order to sing. With good breathing technique, you can sing through the phlegm, and no one farther away than 3 feet (0.9 m) will hear it, though you hear it rattle inside your head.\\n2-3. Don't whisper to preserve your voice.\\nWhispering is actually worse than shouting.\\n2-4. If you are vocally sore, get a pad and paper and put yourself on vocal rest.\\n\\n2-5. Stop smoking (or don't start).\\n\\n2-6. Avoid using the glottal stop in your speech and singing.\\n\\n2-7. If allergies plague you, consider allergy testing or adjusting your diet or environment to alleviate them.\\nMany people respond to milk by an increase in mucus production. If you know you are singing in the afternoon, it may be worthwhile to use almond milk in the morning instead of real dairy.\\n2-8. If you are a cheerleader, have your voice teacher train you to shout correctly.\\nIn general, avoid shouting. Cheer in a crowd by applause or whistling at games, etc.\\n2-9. When laughing, don't let sound continue on the inhale.\\n\\n2-10. Don't imitate the Wicked Witch of the West.\\nIf you do voice-overs, use good sense in how you produce different characters.\\n2-11. If you do theater, get the volume for your voice to carry in a healthy way.\\nIf you can't get that volume without yelling and straining, your voice is probably not really mature enough to do theater that is unaided by miking.\\n2-12. Don't speak in the gravelly basement part of your voice.\\nUse voice inflection and nuance to keep a lilt in the voice, especially if you must use it often, as in teaching. If you are timid, raising the pitch of your speaking voice a little will help you sound more confident.\\n2-13. Use decongestants and anti-histamines wisely.\\nIf one of them makes you hoarse, find something better. For some people, taking 4 alfalfa tablets 3x per day is one acceptable alternative to other medications.\\n3. Exercises for Centering the Breath\\n3-1. Jelly Belly:\\nPut your hand on your belly at navel level to monitor movements. When breathing, you ideally should let the gut drop, relaxed like a big, fat, jelly belly. Though the belly is lower than the diaphragm, letting organs hang out for the breath makes more room for it to descend and gives you a feeling of relaxation and energy. Blow air out. Each time you breathe, let the dropping of the gut create the vacuum that sucks air in for you. You do not have to suck in air, just open up and let it come in. Check shoulders to see that they are hanging naturally back and relaxed, not jerking upwards during breathing.\\n3-2. Puffing P's:\\nWith hand still monitoring belly movement, try some explosive p sounds, letting the p come from the belly area. As you \\\"p-\\\", the abdomen should naturally press itself inward with the puff of air.\\n3-3. Panting Dog:\\nKeeping in mind the low feel for your breathing source, open your mouth, let your tongue hang out, and keeping everything relaxed in jaw and throat, do puffs of air from your ab, training yourself to think low in the body and keep the throat uninvolved in the process of air intake.\\n3-4. The Catch-Breath:\\nAt the end of a phrase, expel or express the final consonant well to create a springboard-type energy that enables your next breath to pop in naturally as you let the abdominal muscles relax. It enables a quick breath centered low in the body, setting you up well for the next phrase.\\n4. Exercises for Connecting the Voice to the Breath\\n4-1. Siren:\\nBreathing low in the body, start in a place high in your voice but not uncomfortable, and on \\\"ah,\\\" siren downward. This is a siren, not singing. Don't try to make it pretty. Just make it very connected, the same vowel all the way through, all of the sound smoothly sliding, with no breaks in the sound. The sound rides on the breath, so the breath must be steady. You will use less volume of air for this exercise than the breathing exercises above, which are exaggerated for purpose of defining the breathing method. If there are spots where breaks want to come in your siren, start a little above the spot and make your siren move more slowly through that area. Do not rush anything in this exercise. Take time to prepare your breath, and when you run out of breath, take time to get another well-seated breath before continuing the slide down. Imagine a line of sound coming from your mouth moving to or through the wall to keep the vowel siren steady. Make sure you have plenty of room in your mouth for the \\\"ah\\\" as if pleasantly surprised, but NOT yawning. You may try this on different vowels. Remember it is not singing. Slide through all the notes, but don't sing it like a scale. Many singers find this the most effective exercise for connecting the voice to the breath and getting a seamless sound throughout their range.\\n4-2. 5-Note Slide:\\nStart this exercise just like the slide, but slide from 5 down to 1, (i.e.G down to C), sliding through the notes. Now sing the actual notes, but don't change anything in your body mechanism. Keep the face just as open, air just as flowing, etc. Move the 5 notes up or down the scale to warm up your voice. Take time to feel the center of your breathing (belly) before beginning each 5-note phrase. Don't rush.\\n4-3. Hawaiian Guitar:\\nIn the song you are learning, sing through the notes in a phrase or part of a phrase on your favorite vowel, or after some experience, on the vowels of the lyrics, sliding from one note to another just like your siren exercise. Take breaths more often than you would in singing it straight through, each breath low in the body. You are teaching your body to connect all the notes to the body and breath with a feeling of constant fluidity. Gradually try it faster. Consistent practice of this method integrates correct breathing into your muscle memory for the song you are working on.\\n4-4. Vowels Only:\\nAfter sliding through the pitches, try to sing the actual notes on either one vowel or the vowels of the lyrics, but don't change the feel in your body and face from when you were sliding.\\n4-5. Clustering Consonants (to the beginning of each word.\\nVowels are the clothesline, and consonants are the clothespins. They intersect the line, but they don't stop it or cut it in two. Your consonants and diphthong vowels should occur at the last moment and be springboards for the next traveling vowel. They are liquid and supportive of the vocal line. Think a stretch through them from low in the body.You can re-think phrases in the following manner, first made popular by Robert Shaw to have a great vocal line in your singing: Written text=Don't know when I've felt so blue... Sung text = doh ntnoh wheh nah eevfeh ltsoh bloo. In other words, you are placing the ending consonant of the previous word onto the next word in the phrase. It works for some people as a nice little trick to get you singing a steady vocal line.\\n5. Exercises for Shaping the Vowels\\n5-1. Say it, sing it:\\nLooking in the mirror, say a phrase you want to sing in your best expressive speaking voice. Then sing it, but don't change your mouth shape. This is best done in a medium low vocal range. It help you find a vowel that sounds alive. If you know you have a poor speaking voice and lazy vowels, it may help you to pretend you are someone else you know who has a good speaking voice. Singing right after saying it helps you find your natural vowel shape and avoid pitfalls of having the mouth too closed or unnaturally wrenched open for singing.\\n5-2. Upward slide:\\nTry this exercise only if you can successfully breathe from the body and do the downward slide. Let your mouth and throat be loose. Get a body breath and do a loose, very slidy siren on \\\"ah\\\" oozing slowly upward. Keep the breath moving, and let it move faster as you go higher in pitch. The impetus of the increased air should naturally make your face want to open up to make room for more air. Let the face do that. While most people will not open up enough for their high notes by intuition, most people's faces will open up for them on this exercise. It becomes a gauge by which you can find how open your vowel must be and how much air it must ride on to sing with ease in the high range.\\n5-3. Sneeze:\\nImagine a tickling feeling inside behind your nose and eyes similar to what you feel right before you sneeze. Sing your vowels with that added tickle behind them. This is one way to get a clear, ringing sound in your vowels.\\n5-4. Pointy Triangle:\\nThis works well, especially for many women. Think of a triangle with a very small point at the peak behind the bridge of your nose. Let this triangle be there as you sing.\\n5-5. Vowel Columns:\\nEach vowel has a top part and a bottom part, visualized like a column of air or an organ pipe. If you sing with the vowel well-formed behind the eyes but not seated on the low-body breathing mechanism, you are lacking the low part, and vice versa. You want to feel the whole length of every vowel, both the ringing part behind the eyes and the settled part within the body. In the upper ranges, you may feel more lift of air behind the vowel, but it should still be a column, though the column may seem to have a point on the top. Feel like you are letting each vowel bloom into its full shape.\\n6. Exercises for Singing with Musicality\\n6-1. Milk the Words:\\nFeel a stretchiness and languorous enjoyment of each word sound. Enjoy them, like good saltwater taffy.\\n6-2. Phrase Rainbows:\\nEach phrase has a shape, and many are like rainbows, with a stretch to a climax in the middle, falling to resolution at the end. Trace the shape of a rainbow in the air as you think these phrases, and it may help you sing them expressively. Other phrases look more like a waterslide or a straight line. Learn to think about the shape of your phrase and connect through it, expressing that shape in your impetus and dynamics.\\n6-3. Meaning of the words:\\nCreate your own inner story of what is going on between the lines of the text. Then, let your body and face express this naturally by thinking that \\\"story line\\\" underneath your singing. In order to do this, you must often research the poetry for full understanding, and you must be well-prepared with your general song-learning to add this extra layer. Don't be too hasty in breaking the mood at the end of the song, but let it linger while you keep your eyes fixed on the same spot for a moment, as if the frame froze at the end of the movie. This will help the mood you have set to be quite powerful.\\n7. Exercises for Breathing Properly\\n7-1. Ping pong on the blow dryer:\\nPicture your singing as a state of equilibrium in which your vocal sounds ride on top of your steady flow of air. If your air is a steady line with just the right amount of air volume, your singing will float along with the very best physics possible for the vibration of the vocal folds. Higher notes need a faster flow of air, but it is not a frantic, tension-filled increase, just a stretch into more connection.\\n7-2. Rainbow breath gauge:\\nIn order to have enough air at the end of a phrase, think of tracing the phrase in the air as a rainbow, and this helps you know how much air you can spend at the beginning and still get to the end.\\n7-3. Practice the end first:\\nOn long phrases you have determined need to be sung on one breath, practice the end without the beginning first. Getting the body used to singing the end well with plenty of breath and without closing down or tension trains its muscle memory to find a good approach to this spot. Practicing it this way often before connecting the parts sets you up for success. But also, consider whether it's the better part of valor (wisdom) find a spot to breathe somewhere in it. No one will notice where you breathe if you make the breath part of the expression of the piece, make it as much a part of the music as the sung notes. But everyone will notice if you creak or turn blue on the last note.\\n7-4. Conveyor belt:\\nThink of your line of breath as being like a conveyor belt that never stops during the singing.\\n7-5. Line of air:\\nThink a steady line of air. Your singing all rides on this constant line. Depending on the style or range of the notes, you may have a silvery thin line or a thick line like a decorative fountain spurting up many columns. Learn to picture that steady line of air in your practice, and it will come naturally during performance.\\n7-6. Stretch through breaths:\\nSometimes we struggle to get back our equilibrium after stopping to breathe for the next phrase. Think a body stretch through the breath, and it will leave you ready for the phrase, not disengaged.\\n8. Exercises for Finding the High Range\\n8-1. Kitty Squeaks (children and women) and Owl Hoots (changed-voice males):\\nthese sounds can be used to help you locate the place behind the eyes within your head from which the highest notes should seem to come. The kitty squeak helps women find their whistle voice range. Use a small puff of air to barely touch a whistle-like ah, ih, or ee. It is a short sound. You can pulse this sound on separated staccato notes til you find the place where it rings well and feels free. Immature or inexperienced singers may not be ready for this. Most males can easily find the Mickey Mouse-sounding falsetto by doing an owl hoot. Often oo or oh vowels help males locate the sweet spot for their high notes.\\n8-2. Ping it, sing it:\\nUse just enough air to touch or puff a staccato note for each note in a phrase. This (if it works for you) may help set you up for the note to ride on the column of air and for the right vowel shape for each note. After gauging with the staccato puff, sing through the whole phrase, using what you learned.\\n8-3. Behind the front teeth:\\nSome singers find it helpful to picture their highest notes as a line of sound exiting the mouth from behind the two upper front teeth, or at the alveolar ridge.\\n8-4. Favorite vowel approach:\\nMany people have a vowel that seems to work best for them on high notes. When learning a new high portion of a piece, try learning it on that vowel before switching to the real words.\\n8-5. Making a space:\\nmany different word images can help you create the lovely space in which your high notes need to resonate. You may think of a snake face, with eyes bulging and jaw dropped, or a Disney heroine face, with wide, innocent eyes and a twinkle in them. Some like to think of the air flowing out of the top of their head, or an unraveling skein of yarn being pulled out from the top of their head.\\n8-6. Scooping in:\\nWhen learning new literature, as you are sliding through it, it can be useful to slide into a high note from below, to help you connect the breath. If it is an area where your chest (speaking) voice wants to go up uncomfortably high, however, then slide down to it instead.\\n8-7. Sirening upwards as described above is great training for connected high notes.\\n\\n9. Exercises for Finding the Low Range\\n9-1. Falling forward:\\nHealthy low notes will feel like they are falling forward out of your mouth, not being ground up out of your larynx. They are connected to the air, and flow out like liquid out of one of those fountains that has water coming out of the mouth of a fish. Low notes are not grabbed, but nurtured and allowed to happen.\\n9-2. Slow slide, fast slide:\\nStart near to your low range and slide very slowly down to it, keeping the line of air and keeping an open vowel. Then, start higher and make your slide quicker, seeing if you can still maintain the connection and openness.\\n9-3. Space in mouth:\\nMany people who open up well for high notes mistakenly think they must shut the mouth for low notes. This is not so. You must still provide space in the mouth and relax the jaw for low notes. The space behind the eyes may feel lower, however, as if behind the nose.\\n9-4. Dog muzzle:\\nIt helps some people to think singing into a dog muzzle on their face when they ease into their low range.\\n9-5. Feel it in the chest:\\nThough you don't want to make it drop into the chest, rather fall forward from the face, you may feel more vibration or warmth in your chest area when using the low range.\\n10. Teaching Yourself\\n10-1. If a certain vowel works well for you, try a difficult phrase singing it on that vowel to get you started approaching it.\\n\\n10-2. If a certain part in the song comes easily and another part is more difficult, sing the easy part first and sing the hard part immediately afterwards, while you are still in the easy vocal feel.\\n\\n10-3. Don't blaze through a whole song every time.\\nTake out pieces of it to work on in isolation, training your body to sing each piece well. Then gradually put them back together.\\n10-4. Use a mirror to check for body breathing, facial aliveness, good vowel shapes, enough room in the mouth,..\\n.etc.\\n10-5. When learning music, play a short phrase on the piano, then sing it, matching pitch.\\nIf you have recording software, it may occasionally be useful to record this process to see how close you are coming and identify pitch areas you need to slide through in order to center the vowel and breathing for truly stunning pitch accuracy.\\n11. Singing in a Vocal Ensemble\\n11-1. Come well-prepared so you don't let others down and strain your voice.\\n\\n11-2. Listen to others around you and blend, don't blast.\\nWatch the conductor for tempo, dynamics, etc.\\n11-3. Your own personal dynamics:\\nBig voices in an ensemble may not be able to sing as softly as small voices. When asked for a pianissimo, find your own pianissimo. If you can't become soft enough for the group without vocal tension, lay own on that part and come back in subtly when the volume increases. Same with small voices, don't push harder than is healthy when asked for fortissimo. Sing \\\"your\\\" fortissimo.\\n11-4. Vibrato:\\nSome ensemble singing styles require the use of very subtle or even no vibrato. If you have natural vibrato and want to sing in a straight-tone group, seek the help of a capable teacher to learn how to sing with a simpler tone. You may, however, want to seek out a group that uses a style you produce more easily.\\n12. Ear Training\\n12-1. Intervals by sound and sight - If you don't read notes and hear intervals (the distance between two given notes) in your head, you should seek help for ear-training if you want to be a capable singer.\\n\\n12-2. Rhythm - reading notes well enough to sing the rhythm accurately is also important.\\n\\n12-3. Chords and understanding harmony - to sing like a professional, you need to sense which part of the chord you are singing.\\nThis takes an understanding of harmony which is best learned, as are both of the above, by getting a good background in piano.\\n12-4. Independence, dissonance - Learn to hold your pitch even when things compete or distract, such as a next-door-neighbor who sings flat in your ear.\\nTry singing a familiar song with musical friends each a half-step apart from the others key-wise. If you practice such things, you'll be ready for contemporary choir pieces that have dissonance as their main expressive element, and you'll probably ace auditions where you have to sight-read in an ensemble group.\\n12-5. Counterpoint - Some choral styles are an interweaving of stacked melodies.\\nYour director should let you know which voice should be at the forefront, and which ones are to lie back and let it predominate. You will win the esteem of your director if you mark in your part what they've said and be careful to do it.\\nTips\\nIf you are a post-menapausal woman, you may experience hoarseness if not doing hormone replacement. Keeping well-hydrated and being consistent in vocal exercise may help. It is natural for the aging woman's voice to become lower in range, as it is for the aging man's voice to rise. In most of the elderly, the two actually meet in the middle at some point, giving them about the same area pitch-wise for their speech and singing.\\nRemember, it is impossible to teach voice well by an article over the internet. Look for good vocal instructors, school, community, and church music programs.\\nWarnings\\nIf ANY exercises on this page cause pain in your vocal folds (voice box), don't use them. (Stretchiness in the back of the throat is fine, but tension or pain in the vocal chords is not.) Not every exercise is for every person. Become your voice's best advocate by paying attention to your body's signals as you explore singing instruction resources.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Learn these basics for evaluating singing techniques and potential teachers, and be introduced to some good vocal exercises by an accredited voice teacher.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pursuing Good Vocal Technique\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn to recognize the following characteristics of healthy vocal technique:\", \"描述\": \"It does not hurt your larynx (voice box).\\nIt makes notes on each end of your range more accessible.\\nIt helps you sing in tune.\\nIt empowers you to sing longer without fatigue.\\nIt is based on low breathing, and thinking a constant line of air.\\nIt uses word images to help you naturally access good placement without the tension which comes from trying to manipulate various parts of the anatomy directly.\\nIt tires the brain, but not the voice.\\nIt will train you to recognize your good singing apart from mere sound (since acoustics are variable and deceptive) by bodily sensation plus visual cues in the mirror.\\nIt will not push the chest voice (where most people speak) into an uncomfortable or range (where the physics work against you, producing tension), but uses the head voice for higher notes.\\nIt connects from the head voice downward to make a seamless and large vocal range that matches from top to bottom, possibly using the downward siren to teach this element.\\nIt produces volume (loudness) from breath equilibrium, facial vitality, and vowel shape, never from forcing.\\nIt helps young voices develop healthy singing habits but doesn't push them to sound like adults in volume or timbre.\\nIt provides clear, attainable, stepwise objectives, so you know what is expected and how to get there.\\nIt uses positive instruction and affirmation, not discouragement.\\nFollowing it gives you a good chance of singing better at age 50 than you did at age 21.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a good voice teacher.\", \"描述\": \"There are many limits to learning vocal technique from online advice:\\nA good voice teacher teaches each student a bit differently based on their needs and the way they respond to his directives. Though you can learn some basics from \\\"reading up\\\" or videos online, the approach will not be tailored to your needs. If you really must use only online material, then you should read many sources, using only those that work for you.\\nMany who give vocal advice online are not accredited teachers, and may be entirely untrained in healthy singing technique and teaching strategies. Professional vocal teachers will differ in how they approach the voice, and the style of singer they hope to produce. Find a teacher that is a good match for your desires and learning style.\\nIf possible, seek one in the music department at a good university. Many music theater singers are taught to push the chest voice fairly high. If you take from a music theater professor, check with them about how they teach regarding the chest voice. In either department, ask around to see who is producing the best students, and ask if you may audition for them. Another option is to seek out excellent singers with music degrees, such as school teachers, who take a few students. If possible, attend a recital or master class to get a glimpse of their results.\\nIf you are under age 18, enroll in choral music at your school, especially if the music teacher has a degree in vocal music. Start learning piano now, because the best voice teachers only take students who play well enough to learn their own songs without help. Piano instruction is more important than vocal instruction for anyone under age 18 who wants to be a singer.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Practicing Good Vocal Technique\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Space out your singing engagements or long rehearsals to have at least one day between.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don't clear your throat (ahem) with that grating of vocal folds against each other.\", \"描述\": \"Instead, drink plenty of water to thin mucus, which is a natural lubricant for vocal folds. Use an expectorant when needed to cough efficiently and gently after a cold. You needn't clear all mucus off the vocal folds in order to sing. With good breathing technique, you can sing through the phlegm, and no one farther away than 3 feet (0.9 m) will hear it, though you hear it rattle inside your head.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Don't whisper to preserve your voice.\", \"描述\": \"Whispering is actually worse than shouting.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"If you are vocally sore, get a pad and paper and put yourself on vocal rest.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Stop smoking (or don't start).\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Avoid using the glottal stop in your speech and singing.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"If allergies plague you, consider allergy testing or adjusting your diet or environment to alleviate them.\", \"描述\": \"Many people respond to milk by an increase in mucus production. If you know you are singing in the afternoon, it may be worthwhile to use almond milk in the morning instead of real dairy.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"If you are a cheerleader, have your voice teacher train you to shout correctly.\", \"描述\": \"In general, avoid shouting. Cheer in a crowd by applause or whistling at games, etc.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"When laughing, don't let sound continue on the inhale.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Don't imitate the Wicked Witch of the West.\", \"描述\": \"If you do voice-overs, use good sense in how you produce different characters.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"If you do theater, get the volume for your voice to carry in a healthy way.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't get that volume without yelling and straining, your voice is probably not really mature enough to do theater that is unaided by miking.\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Don't speak in the gravelly basement part of your voice.\", \"描述\": \"Use voice inflection and nuance to keep a lilt in the voice, especially if you must use it often, as in teaching. If you are timid, raising the pitch of your speaking voice a little will help you sound more confident.\"}, {\"编号\": 13, \"标题\": \"Use decongestants and anti-histamines wisely.\", \"描述\": \"If one of them makes you hoarse, find something better. For some people, taking 4 alfalfa tablets 3x per day is one acceptable alternative to other medications.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Exercises for Centering the Breath\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Jelly Belly:\", \"描述\": \"Put your hand on your belly at navel level to monitor movements. When breathing, you ideally should let the gut drop, relaxed like a big, fat, jelly belly. Though the belly is lower than the diaphragm, letting organs hang out for the breath makes more room for it to descend and gives you a feeling of relaxation and energy. Blow air out. Each time you breathe, let the dropping of the gut create the vacuum that sucks air in for you. You do not have to suck in air, just open up and let it come in. Check shoulders to see that they are hanging naturally back and relaxed, not jerking upwards during breathing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Puffing P's:\", \"描述\": \"With hand still monitoring belly movement, try some explosive p sounds, letting the p come from the belly area. As you \\\"p-\\\", the abdomen should naturally press itself inward with the puff of air.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Panting Dog:\", \"描述\": \"Keeping in mind the low feel for your breathing source, open your mouth, let your tongue hang out, and keeping everything relaxed in jaw and throat, do puffs of air from your ab, training yourself to think low in the body and keep the throat uninvolved in the process of air intake.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"The Catch-Breath:\", \"描述\": \"At the end of a phrase, expel or express the final consonant well to create a springboard-type energy that enables your next breath to pop in naturally as you let the abdominal muscles relax. It enables a quick breath centered low in the body, setting you up well for the next phrase.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Exercises for Connecting the Voice to the Breath\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Siren:\", \"描述\": \"Breathing low in the body, start in a place high in your voice but not uncomfortable, and on \\\"ah,\\\" siren downward. This is a siren, not singing. Don't try to make it pretty. Just make it very connected, the same vowel all the way through, all of the sound smoothly sliding, with no breaks in the sound. The sound rides on the breath, so the breath must be steady. You will use less volume of air for this exercise than the breathing exercises above, which are exaggerated for purpose of defining the breathing method. If there are spots where breaks want to come in your siren, start a little above the spot and make your siren move more slowly through that area. Do not rush anything in this exercise. Take time to prepare your breath, and when you run out of breath, take time to get another well-seated breath before continuing the slide down. Imagine a line of sound coming from your mouth moving to or through the wall to keep the vowel siren steady. Make sure you have plenty of room in your mouth for the \\\"ah\\\" as if pleasantly surprised, but NOT yawning. You may try this on different vowels. Remember it is not singing. Slide through all the notes, but don't sing it like a scale. Many singers find this the most effective exercise for connecting the voice to the breath and getting a seamless sound throughout their range.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"5-Note Slide:\", \"描述\": \"Start this exercise just like the slide, but slide from 5 down to 1, (i.e.G down to C), sliding through the notes. Now sing the actual notes, but don't change anything in your body mechanism. Keep the face just as open, air just as flowing, etc. Move the 5 notes up or down the scale to warm up your voice. Take time to feel the center of your breathing (belly) before beginning each 5-note phrase. Don't rush.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Hawaiian Guitar:\", \"描述\": \"In the song you are learning, sing through the notes in a phrase or part of a phrase on your favorite vowel, or after some experience, on the vowels of the lyrics, sliding from one note to another just like your siren exercise. Take breaths more often than you would in singing it straight through, each breath low in the body. You are teaching your body to connect all the notes to the body and breath with a feeling of constant fluidity. Gradually try it faster. Consistent practice of this method integrates correct breathing into your muscle memory for the song you are working on.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Vowels Only:\", \"描述\": \"After sliding through the pitches, try to sing the actual notes on either one vowel or the vowels of the lyrics, but don't change the feel in your body and face from when you were sliding.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Clustering Consonants (to the beginning of each word.\", \"描述\": \"Vowels are the clothesline, and consonants are the clothespins. They intersect the line, but they don't stop it or cut it in two. Your consonants and diphthong vowels should occur at the last moment and be springboards for the next traveling vowel. They are liquid and supportive of the vocal line. Think a stretch through them from low in the body.You can re-think phrases in the following manner, first made popular by Robert Shaw to have a great vocal line in your singing: Written text=Don't know when I've felt so blue... Sung text = doh ntnoh wheh nah eevfeh ltsoh bloo. In other words, you are placing the ending consonant of the previous word onto the next word in the phrase. It works for some people as a nice little trick to get you singing a steady vocal line.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Exercises for Shaping the Vowels\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Say it, sing it:\", \"描述\": \"Looking in the mirror, say a phrase you want to sing in your best expressive speaking voice. Then sing it, but don't change your mouth shape. This is best done in a medium low vocal range. It help you find a vowel that sounds alive. If you know you have a poor speaking voice and lazy vowels, it may help you to pretend you are someone else you know who has a good speaking voice. Singing right after saying it helps you find your natural vowel shape and avoid pitfalls of having the mouth too closed or unnaturally wrenched open for singing.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Upward slide:\", \"描述\": \"Try this exercise only if you can successfully breathe from the body and do the downward slide. Let your mouth and throat be loose. Get a body breath and do a loose, very slidy siren on \\\"ah\\\" oozing slowly upward. Keep the breath moving, and let it move faster as you go higher in pitch. The impetus of the increased air should naturally make your face want to open up to make room for more air. Let the face do that. While most people will not open up enough for their high notes by intuition, most people's faces will open up for them on this exercise. It becomes a gauge by which you can find how open your vowel must be and how much air it must ride on to sing with ease in the high range.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sneeze:\", \"描述\": \"Imagine a tickling feeling inside behind your nose and eyes similar to what you feel right before you sneeze. Sing your vowels with that added tickle behind them. This is one way to get a clear, ringing sound in your vowels.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pointy Triangle:\", \"描述\": \"This works well, especially for many women. Think of a triangle with a very small point at the peak behind the bridge of your nose. Let this triangle be there as you sing.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Vowel Columns:\", \"描述\": \"Each vowel has a top part and a bottom part, visualized like a column of air or an organ pipe. If you sing with the vowel well-formed behind the eyes but not seated on the low-body breathing mechanism, you are lacking the low part, and vice versa. You want to feel the whole length of every vowel, both the ringing part behind the eyes and the settled part within the body. In the upper ranges, you may feel more lift of air behind the vowel, but it should still be a column, though the column may seem to have a point on the top. Feel like you are letting each vowel bloom into its full shape.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Exercises for Singing with Musicality\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Milk the Words:\", \"描述\": \"Feel a stretchiness and languorous enjoyment of each word sound. Enjoy them, like good saltwater taffy.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Phrase Rainbows:\", \"描述\": \"Each phrase has a shape, and many are like rainbows, with a stretch to a climax in the middle, falling to resolution at the end. Trace the shape of a rainbow in the air as you think these phrases, and it may help you sing them expressively. Other phrases look more like a waterslide or a straight line. Learn to think about the shape of your phrase and connect through it, expressing that shape in your impetus and dynamics.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meaning of the words:\", \"描述\": \"Create your own inner story of what is going on between the lines of the text. Then, let your body and face express this naturally by thinking that \\\"story line\\\" underneath your singing. In order to do this, you must often research the poetry for full understanding, and you must be well-prepared with your general song-learning to add this extra layer. Don't be too hasty in breaking the mood at the end of the song, but let it linger while you keep your eyes fixed on the same spot for a moment, as if the frame froze at the end of the movie. This will help the mood you have set to be quite powerful.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Exercises for Breathing Properly\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ping pong on the blow dryer:\", \"描述\": \"Picture your singing as a state of equilibrium in which your vocal sounds ride on top of your steady flow of air. If your air is a steady line with just the right amount of air volume, your singing will float along with the very best physics possible for the vibration of the vocal folds. Higher notes need a faster flow of air, but it is not a frantic, tension-filled increase, just a stretch into more connection.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Rainbow breath gauge:\", \"描述\": \"In order to have enough air at the end of a phrase, think of tracing the phrase in the air as a rainbow, and this helps you know how much air you can spend at the beginning and still get to the end.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice the end first:\", \"描述\": \"On long phrases you have determined need to be sung on one breath, practice the end without the beginning first. Getting the body used to singing the end well with plenty of breath and without closing down or tension trains its muscle memory to find a good approach to this spot. Practicing it this way often before connecting the parts sets you up for success. But also, consider whether it's the better part of valor (wisdom) find a spot to breathe somewhere in it. No one will notice where you breathe if you make the breath part of the expression of the piece, make it as much a part of the music as the sung notes. But everyone will notice if you creak or turn blue on the last note.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Conveyor belt:\", \"描述\": \"Think of your line of breath as being like a conveyor belt that never stops during the singing.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Line of air:\", \"描述\": \"Think a steady line of air. Your singing all rides on this constant line. Depending on the style or range of the notes, you may have a silvery thin line or a thick line like a decorative fountain spurting up many columns. Learn to picture that steady line of air in your practice, and it will come naturally during performance.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Stretch through breaths:\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes we struggle to get back our equilibrium after stopping to breathe for the next phrase. Think a body stretch through the breath, and it will leave you ready for the phrase, not disengaged.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Exercises for Finding the High Range\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Kitty Squeaks (children and women) and Owl Hoots (changed-voice males):\", \"描述\": \"these sounds can be used to help you locate the place behind the eyes within your head from which the highest notes should seem to come. The kitty squeak helps women find their whistle voice range. Use a small puff of air to barely touch a whistle-like ah, ih, or ee. It is a short sound. You can pulse this sound on separated staccato notes til you find the place where it rings well and feels free. Immature or inexperienced singers may not be ready for this. Most males can easily find the Mickey Mouse-sounding falsetto by doing an owl hoot. Often oo or oh vowels help males locate the sweet spot for their high notes.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ping it, sing it:\", \"描述\": \"Use just enough air to touch or puff a staccato note for each note in a phrase. This (if it works for you) may help set you up for the note to ride on the column of air and for the right vowel shape for each note. After gauging with the staccato puff, sing through the whole phrase, using what you learned.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Behind the front teeth:\", \"描述\": \"Some singers find it helpful to picture their highest notes as a line of sound exiting the mouth from behind the two upper front teeth, or at the alveolar ridge.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Favorite vowel approach:\", \"描述\": \"Many people have a vowel that seems to work best for them on high notes. When learning a new high portion of a piece, try learning it on that vowel before switching to the real words.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Making a space:\", \"描述\": \"many different word images can help you create the lovely space in which your high notes need to resonate. You may think of a snake face, with eyes bulging and jaw dropped, or a Disney heroine face, with wide, innocent eyes and a twinkle in them. Some like to think of the air flowing out of the top of their head, or an unraveling skein of yarn being pulled out from the top of their head.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Scooping in:\", \"描述\": \"When learning new literature, as you are sliding through it, it can be useful to slide into a high note from below, to help you connect the breath. If it is an area where your chest (speaking) voice wants to go up uncomfortably high, however, then slide down to it instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Sirening upwards as described above is great training for connected high notes.\", \"描述\": \"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Exercises for Finding the Low Range\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Falling forward:\", \"描述\": \"Healthy low notes will feel like they are falling forward out of your mouth, not being ground up out of your larynx. They are connected to the air, and flow out like liquid out of one of those fountains that has water coming out of the mouth of a fish. Low notes are not grabbed, but nurtured and allowed to happen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Slow slide, fast slide:\", \"描述\": \"Start near to your low range and slide very slowly down to it, keeping the line of air and keeping an open vowel. Then, start higher and make your slide quicker, seeing if you can still maintain the connection and openness.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Space in mouth:\", \"描述\": \"Many people who open up well for high notes mistakenly think they must shut the mouth for low notes. This is not so. You must still provide space in the mouth and relax the jaw for low notes. The space behind the eyes may feel lower, however, as if behind the nose.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Dog muzzle:\", \"描述\": \"It helps some people to think singing into a dog muzzle on their face when they ease into their low range.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Feel it in the chest:\", \"描述\": \"Though you don't want to make it drop into the chest, rather fall forward from the face, you may feel more vibration or warmth in your chest area when using the low range.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Teaching Yourself\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If a certain vowel works well for you, try a difficult phrase singing it on that vowel to get you started approaching it.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"If a certain part in the song comes easily and another part is more difficult, sing the easy part first and sing the hard part immediately afterwards, while you are still in the easy vocal feel.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Don't blaze through a whole song every time.\", \"描述\": \"Take out pieces of it to work on in isolation, training your body to sing each piece well. Then gradually put them back together.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use a mirror to check for body breathing, facial aliveness, good vowel shapes, enough room in the mouth,..\", \"描述\": \".etc.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"When learning music, play a short phrase on the piano, then sing it, matching pitch.\", \"描述\": \"If you have recording software, it may occasionally be useful to record this process to see how close you are coming and identify pitch areas you need to slide through in order to center the vowel and breathing for truly stunning pitch accuracy.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Singing in a Vocal Ensemble\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Come well-prepared so you don't let others down and strain your voice.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Listen to others around you and blend, don't blast.\", \"描述\": \"Watch the conductor for tempo, dynamics, etc.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Your own personal dynamics:\", \"描述\": \"Big voices in an ensemble may not be able to sing as softly as small voices. When asked for a pianissimo, find your own pianissimo. If you can't become soft enough for the group without vocal tension, lay own on that part and come back in subtly when the volume increases. Same with small voices, don't push harder than is healthy when asked for fortissimo. Sing \\\"your\\\" fortissimo.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Vibrato:\", \"描述\": \"Some ensemble singing styles require the use of very subtle or even no vibrato. If you have natural vibrato and want to sing in a straight-tone group, seek the help of a capable teacher to learn how to sing with a simpler tone. You may, however, want to seek out a group that uses a style you produce more easily.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Ear Training\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Intervals by sound and sight - If you don't read notes and hear intervals (the distance between two given notes) in your head, you should seek help for ear-training if you want to be a capable singer.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Rhythm - reading notes well enough to sing the rhythm accurately is also important.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Chords and understanding harmony - to sing like a professional, you need to sense which part of the chord you are singing.\", \"描述\": \"This takes an understanding of harmony which is best learned, as are both of the above, by getting a good background in piano.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Independence, dissonance - Learn to hold your pitch even when things compete or distract, such as a next-door-neighbor who sings flat in your ear.\", \"描述\": \"Try singing a familiar song with musical friends each a half-step apart from the others key-wise. If you practice such things, you'll be ready for contemporary choir pieces that have dissonance as their main expressive element, and you'll probably ace auditions where you have to sight-read in an ensemble group.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Counterpoint - Some choral styles are an interweaving of stacked melodies.\", \"描述\": \"Your director should let you know which voice should be at the forefront, and which ones are to lie back and let it predominate. You will win the esteem of your director if you mark in your part what they've said and be careful to do it.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you are a post-menapausal woman, you may experience hoarseness if not doing hormone replacement. Keeping well-hydrated and being consistent in vocal exercise may help. It is natural for the aging woman's voice to become lower in range, as it is for the aging man's voice to rise. In most of the elderly, the two actually meet in the middle at some point, giving them about the same area pitch-wise for their speech and singing.\\n\", \"Remember, it is impossible to teach voice well by an article over the internet. Look for good vocal instructors, school, community, and church music programs.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If ANY exercises on this page cause pain in your vocal folds (voice box), don't use them. (Stretchiness in the back of the throat is fine, but tension or pain in the vocal chords is not.) Not every exercise is for every person. Become your voice's best advocate by paying attention to your body's signals as you explore singing instruction resources.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,240 | How to Avoid Wasting Time on Facebook | 1. Simplifying Your Facebook Experience
1-1. Block your newsfeed.
If you want to be able to log in and post a quick status update, or simply to check your notifications without being sucked in, you can completely block your newsfeed. The free Google Chrome add-on “Newsfeed Eradicator” replaces your Facebook newsfeed with an inspiring quote.
Search for this add-on, then simply click "Download," and follow the instructions to install.
1-2. Avoid games and third-party applications (apps).
Playing games, decorating your profile picture two or three times a day, and rating your friends will suck up your time before you know it. By avoiding the use of games and other apps, you will use your Facebook time more effectively.
1-3. Block game requests.
To further reduce the temptation of Facebook games, you can block game requests from your friends. When you receive a request, simply click the “x” to the right of your notification box, to turn off notifications from that game. You will no longer receive any requests or notifications for the game in question.
1-4. Turn off chatting features.
You're about to log out of Facebook, then a good pal of yours sends you an IM. You'll stay on to chat for a while, and before you know it, there goes another hour. To avoid this, click on the “Chat” button in the bottom right corner and choose "Go Offline."
You may also want to either delete the Facebook Messenger app, or simply mute Messenger notifications.
1-5. Ignore many requests at once.
On your "confirm requests" page, you don't have to click "ignore" on every request individually. Scan the page, see if there's anything of value (e.g. any old friends you're happy to hear from) and approve them. Then click "Ignore all" near the top right, and you’re done.
2. Limiting Notifications
2-1. Edit the notifications you see on Facebook.
Those little red numbers at the top of your profile can be terribly addicting. Limit your urge to click by limiting the notifications you get from Facebook. Click "Settings" (top right) and choose Account settings. Then, Notifications. Switch some of the options off. Some good choices include “Birthdays,” “On This Day,” and “Close Friends Activity.”
2-2. Edit the notifications that get sent to your desktop or phone.
Even if you’re not logged in to Facebook, you might receive a pop-up on your desktop, or an audio notification on your phone. If this pulls you in to Facebook more than you’d like, go to “Account settings,” then “Notifications," and edit your settings for desktop and mobile.
2-3. Limit Facebook emails.
Just as you can edit other forms of notification, you can revise your email settings through Facebook (visit "Account settings," then "Notifications"). Another easy option is to use an email filter. If you use Gmail, for example, simply create a filter and in the "From" field, enter "@facebook.com." Then, select "Skip the Inbox (Archive it)".
2-4. Turn off cellular data for the Facebook app.
If you enjoy getting mobile notifications at some times, but not at others, you can simply turn off your Facebook app’s access to cellular data as a kind of temporary “do not disturb” option. If Facebook cannot access data, it can’t update, and therefore cannot send push notifications.
Simply visit the "Settings" area on your phone and look for a tab marked "Cellular" or "Cellular Data." Here you will be able to switch off cellular data for individual apps, or for phone you phone altogether.
2-5. Delete the app from your phone altogether.
A more drastic way to limit your Facebook is to delete the app from your phone altogether. You will still be able to access Facebook from your computer (or technically, even through an internet browser on your phone), but you will be far less tempted (or able) to check your Facebook every 15 minutes.
3. Breaking the Habit
3-1. Use a timer.
It is easy to lose track of time when you’re surfing Facebook. Help keep time present for you by setting a timer. You can use a timer on your phone, a kitchen timer, or any number of online timers or apps. Simply decide how long you’d like to spend on Facebook, set the timer, and when it rings, swiftly log out.
3-2. Block yourself with an app.
Many apps exist that allow you to block social media or even internet use altogether. Some of these apps are available for purchase (such as Freedom or Anti-Social), and others can be downloaded for free (Self-control, which is Mac only, and LeechBlock). The basic premise is that these apps block you from visiting sites like Facebook according to a schedule you design.
3-3. Modify your routine.
Instead of habitually going on Facebook whenever you sit down at your computer, use Facebook as a treat or incentive. This is a good idea if you find yourself ending up on Facebook when you're supposed to be working.
For example, you can decide, "I'll allow myself to go on for 15 minutes after I finish this assignment."
Alternatively: "I'll look at those new pictures after I finish this chore."
3-4. Create a Facebook schedule.
Decide how many times per day you will allow yourself to visit Facebook. Then, set a schedule for yourself, and stick to it. For instance, you may decide to visit Facebook once in the morning, and then once again after dinner. It will require a great deal of self-discipline, but if you make this your habit, eventually it will stick.
3-5. Deactivate your account.
If all else fails and you feel that you need a break, you can always deactivate your Facebook account. It is only temporary; you can make your Facebook page live again whenever you are ready.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:34",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Simplifying Your Facebook Experience\\n1-1. Block your newsfeed.\\nIf you want to be able to log in and post a quick status update, or simply to check your notifications without being sucked in, you can completely block your newsfeed. The free Google Chrome add-on “Newsfeed Eradicator” replaces your Facebook newsfeed with an inspiring quote. \\nSearch for this add-on, then simply click \\\"Download,\\\" and follow the instructions to install.\\n1-2. Avoid games and third-party applications (apps).\\nPlaying games, decorating your profile picture two or three times a day, and rating your friends will suck up your time before you know it. By avoiding the use of games and other apps, you will use your Facebook time more effectively.\\n1-3. Block game requests.\\nTo further reduce the temptation of Facebook games, you can block game requests from your friends. When you receive a request, simply click the “x” to the right of your notification box, to turn off notifications from that game. You will no longer receive any requests or notifications for the game in question.\\n1-4. Turn off chatting features.\\nYou're about to log out of Facebook, then a good pal of yours sends you an IM. You'll stay on to chat for a while, and before you know it, there goes another hour. To avoid this, click on the “Chat” button in the bottom right corner and choose \\\"Go Offline.\\\"\\nYou may also want to either delete the Facebook Messenger app, or simply mute Messenger notifications.\\n1-5. Ignore many requests at once.\\nOn your \\\"confirm requests\\\" page, you don't have to click \\\"ignore\\\" on every request individually. Scan the page, see if there's anything of value (e.g. any old friends you're happy to hear from) and approve them. Then click \\\"Ignore all\\\" near the top right, and you’re done.\\n2. Limiting Notifications\\n2-1. Edit the notifications you see on Facebook.\\nThose little red numbers at the top of your profile can be terribly addicting. Limit your urge to click by limiting the notifications you get from Facebook. Click \\\"Settings\\\" (top right) and choose Account settings. Then, Notifications. Switch some of the options off. Some good choices include “Birthdays,” “On This Day,” and “Close Friends Activity.”\\n2-2. Edit the notifications that get sent to your desktop or phone.\\nEven if you’re not logged in to Facebook, you might receive a pop-up on your desktop, or an audio notification on your phone. If this pulls you in to Facebook more than you’d like, go to “Account settings,” then “Notifications,\\\" and edit your settings for desktop and mobile.\\n2-3. Limit Facebook emails.\\nJust as you can edit other forms of notification, you can revise your email settings through Facebook (visit \\\"Account settings,\\\" then \\\"Notifications\\\"). Another easy option is to use an email filter. If you use Gmail, for example, simply create a filter and in the \\\"From\\\" field, enter \\\"@facebook.com.\\\" Then, select \\\"Skip the Inbox (Archive it)\\\".\\n2-4. Turn off cellular data for the Facebook app.\\nIf you enjoy getting mobile notifications at some times, but not at others, you can simply turn off your Facebook app’s access to cellular data as a kind of temporary “do not disturb” option. If Facebook cannot access data, it can’t update, and therefore cannot send push notifications.\\nSimply visit the \\\"Settings\\\" area on your phone and look for a tab marked \\\"Cellular\\\" or \\\"Cellular Data.\\\" Here you will be able to switch off cellular data for individual apps, or for phone you phone altogether.\\n2-5. Delete the app from your phone altogether.\\nA more drastic way to limit your Facebook is to delete the app from your phone altogether. You will still be able to access Facebook from your computer (or technically, even through an internet browser on your phone), but you will be far less tempted (or able) to check your Facebook every 15 minutes.\\n3. Breaking the Habit\\n3-1. Use a timer.\\nIt is easy to lose track of time when you’re surfing Facebook. Help keep time present for you by setting a timer. You can use a timer on your phone, a kitchen timer, or any number of online timers or apps. Simply decide how long you’d like to spend on Facebook, set the timer, and when it rings, swiftly log out.\\n3-2. Block yourself with an app.\\nMany apps exist that allow you to block social media or even internet use altogether. Some of these apps are available for purchase (such as Freedom or Anti-Social), and others can be downloaded for free (Self-control, which is Mac only, and LeechBlock). The basic premise is that these apps block you from visiting sites like Facebook according to a schedule you design.\\n3-3. Modify your routine.\\nInstead of habitually going on Facebook whenever you sit down at your computer, use Facebook as a treat or incentive. This is a good idea if you find yourself ending up on Facebook when you're supposed to be working.\\nFor example, you can decide, \\\"I'll allow myself to go on for 15 minutes after I finish this assignment.\\\"\\nAlternatively: \\\"I'll look at those new pictures after I finish this chore.\\\"\\n3-4. Create a Facebook schedule.\\nDecide how many times per day you will allow yourself to visit Facebook. Then, set a schedule for yourself, and stick to it. For instance, you may decide to visit Facebook once in the morning, and then once again after dinner. It will require a great deal of self-discipline, but if you make this your habit, eventually it will stick.\\n3-5. Deactivate your account.\\nIf all else fails and you feel that you need a break, you can always deactivate your Facebook account. It is only temporary; you can make your Facebook page live again whenever you are ready.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Facebook can be an excellent method to keep in touch with friends. However, Facebook seems to be set up to try to draw you in and get you to waste time there. If you just want to use it to stay in contact, renew connections with old friends, and do some networking, there are several methods to avoid wasting time.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Simplifying Your Facebook Experience\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Block your newsfeed.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to be able to log in and post a quick status update, or simply to check your notifications without being sucked in, you can completely block your newsfeed. The free Google Chrome add-on “Newsfeed Eradicator” replaces your Facebook newsfeed with an inspiring quote. \\nSearch for this add-on, then simply click \\\"Download,\\\" and follow the instructions to install.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid games and third-party applications (apps).\", \"描述\": \"Playing games, decorating your profile picture two or three times a day, and rating your friends will suck up your time before you know it. By avoiding the use of games and other apps, you will use your Facebook time more effectively.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Block game requests.\", \"描述\": \"To further reduce the temptation of Facebook games, you can block game requests from your friends. When you receive a request, simply click the “x” to the right of your notification box, to turn off notifications from that game. You will no longer receive any requests or notifications for the game in question.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn off chatting features.\", \"描述\": \"You're about to log out of Facebook, then a good pal of yours sends you an IM. You'll stay on to chat for a while, and before you know it, there goes another hour. To avoid this, click on the “Chat” button in the bottom right corner and choose \\\"Go Offline.\\\"\\nYou may also want to either delete the Facebook Messenger app, or simply mute Messenger notifications.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ignore many requests at once.\", \"描述\": \"On your \\\"confirm requests\\\" page, you don't have to click \\\"ignore\\\" on every request individually. Scan the page, see if there's anything of value (e.g. any old friends you're happy to hear from) and approve them. Then click \\\"Ignore all\\\" near the top right, and you’re done.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Limiting Notifications\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Edit the notifications you see on Facebook.\", \"描述\": \"Those little red numbers at the top of your profile can be terribly addicting. Limit your urge to click by limiting the notifications you get from Facebook. Click \\\"Settings\\\" (top right) and choose Account settings. Then, Notifications. Switch some of the options off. Some good choices include “Birthdays,” “On This Day,” and “Close Friends Activity.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Edit the notifications that get sent to your desktop or phone.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you’re not logged in to Facebook, you might receive a pop-up on your desktop, or an audio notification on your phone. If this pulls you in to Facebook more than you’d like, go to “Account settings,” then “Notifications,\\\" and edit your settings for desktop and mobile.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Limit Facebook emails.\", \"描述\": \"Just as you can edit other forms of notification, you can revise your email settings through Facebook (visit \\\"Account settings,\\\" then \\\"Notifications\\\"). Another easy option is to use an email filter. If you use Gmail, for example, simply create a filter and in the \\\"From\\\" field, enter \\\"@facebook.com.\\\" Then, select \\\"Skip the Inbox (Archive it)\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn off cellular data for the Facebook app.\", \"描述\": \"If you enjoy getting mobile notifications at some times, but not at others, you can simply turn off your Facebook app’s access to cellular data as a kind of temporary “do not disturb” option. If Facebook cannot access data, it can’t update, and therefore cannot send push notifications.\\nSimply visit the \\\"Settings\\\" area on your phone and look for a tab marked \\\"Cellular\\\" or \\\"Cellular Data.\\\" Here you will be able to switch off cellular data for individual apps, or for phone you phone altogether.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Delete the app from your phone altogether.\", \"描述\": \"A more drastic way to limit your Facebook is to delete the app from your phone altogether. You will still be able to access Facebook from your computer (or technically, even through an internet browser on your phone), but you will be far less tempted (or able) to check your Facebook every 15 minutes.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Breaking the Habit\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use a timer.\", \"描述\": \"It is easy to lose track of time when you’re surfing Facebook. Help keep time present for you by setting a timer. You can use a timer on your phone, a kitchen timer, or any number of online timers or apps. Simply decide how long you’d like to spend on Facebook, set the timer, and when it rings, swiftly log out.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Block yourself with an app.\", \"描述\": \"Many apps exist that allow you to block social media or even internet use altogether. Some of these apps are available for purchase (such as Freedom or Anti-Social), and others can be downloaded for free (Self-control, which is Mac only, and LeechBlock). The basic premise is that these apps block you from visiting sites like Facebook according to a schedule you design.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Modify your routine.\", \"描述\": \"Instead of habitually going on Facebook whenever you sit down at your computer, use Facebook as a treat or incentive. This is a good idea if you find yourself ending up on Facebook when you're supposed to be working.\\nFor example, you can decide, \\\"I'll allow myself to go on for 15 minutes after I finish this assignment.\\\"\\nAlternatively: \\\"I'll look at those new pictures after I finish this chore.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Create a Facebook schedule.\", \"描述\": \"Decide how many times per day you will allow yourself to visit Facebook. Then, set a schedule for yourself, and stick to it. For instance, you may decide to visit Facebook once in the morning, and then once again after dinner. It will require a great deal of self-discipline, but if you make this your habit, eventually it will stick.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Deactivate your account.\", \"描述\": \"If all else fails and you feel that you need a break, you can always deactivate your Facebook account. It is only temporary; you can make your Facebook page live again whenever you are ready.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,241 | How to Avoid Weigh Stations | 1. Taking an Alternative Route
1-1. Plan your route in advance.
In order to avoid the weigh stations, you'll need to know if they're going to pop up on your designated route. Map out your trip ahead of time so that you can look up where the weigh stations will be along the way.
You can plan out your trip on your phone, typing the destination into a map app. This will give you directions and show you which roads you'll be taking.
1-2. Find out where the weigh stations are located.
The easiest way to do this is to use an app, such as Drivewyze or Trucker Path. The apps will show you exactly where the weigh stations are located on the road, and many of the apps serve as a navigation app as well, giving you directions and showing weigh stations on the same map.
You can also type “weigh stations near me” into a search engine—this will show a map of nearby weigh stations depending on your location.
1-3. Change your route so that you bypass the station.
If a weigh station is located on your current route, you'll need to make adjustments so that you can avoid it. You can either change your route ahead of time by looking at a map, or you can exit the highway before you reach the weigh station and take an alternate route then.
A map app will be able to show you alternate routes you can take that will lead you to your destination, but they may add time to your trip.
Make sure you check that the alternate route doesn't have any weigh stations as well.
2. Waiting Until the Weigh Station is Closed
2-1. Locate all of the weigh stations along your route.
You can do this by using a weigh station app on your phone, or by typing in “weigh stations near me” into a search engine. The weigh stations will show up on a map, and you can then check to see if there are any stations along your specific route.
2-2. Find a rest area or truck stop before you reach the weigh station.
Rest areas will show up on map apps, on some weigh station apps, and on travel apps. There are usually more rest areas or truck stops than weigh stations, so you should be able to find a rest area before getting to a weigh station easily.
Try out apps such as Apple Maps, RoadAhead, or Rest Area Finder to find rest areas near you.
2-3. Use a weigh station app to find out if the station is open.
Once you're at the rest area, check a weigh station app like Trucker Path or ScaleBuddy to see the status of the weigh station. These apps will tell you whether the weigh station is open or closed so you know whether you can continue driving or need to stay at the rest area awhile longer.
When the weigh stations show up on the app's road map, they will either be shown in green saying “open,” or they'll be red saying “closed.”
2-4. Wait until the weigh station is closed before proceeding.
Continue checking the weigh station app to find out when the weigh station is closed. Make sure you refresh the app so that you get updated information. Once the app says the weigh station has closed, you can continue driving.
How long it takes for the weigh station to close will be different for every weigh station—it could take half an hour or many hours.
If you don't want to wait for a long time, it might be best to consider taking an alternate route.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:34",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Taking an Alternative Route\\n1-1. Plan your route in advance.\\nIn order to avoid the weigh stations, you'll need to know if they're going to pop up on your designated route. Map out your trip ahead of time so that you can look up where the weigh stations will be along the way.\\nYou can plan out your trip on your phone, typing the destination into a map app. This will give you directions and show you which roads you'll be taking.\\n1-2. Find out where the weigh stations are located.\\nThe easiest way to do this is to use an app, such as Drivewyze or Trucker Path. The apps will show you exactly where the weigh stations are located on the road, and many of the apps serve as a navigation app as well, giving you directions and showing weigh stations on the same map.\\nYou can also type “weigh stations near me” into a search engine—this will show a map of nearby weigh stations depending on your location.\\n1-3. Change your route so that you bypass the station.\\nIf a weigh station is located on your current route, you'll need to make adjustments so that you can avoid it. You can either change your route ahead of time by looking at a map, or you can exit the highway before you reach the weigh station and take an alternate route then.\\nA map app will be able to show you alternate routes you can take that will lead you to your destination, but they may add time to your trip.\\nMake sure you check that the alternate route doesn't have any weigh stations as well.\\n2. Waiting Until the Weigh Station is Closed\\n2-1. Locate all of the weigh stations along your route.\\nYou can do this by using a weigh station app on your phone, or by typing in “weigh stations near me” into a search engine. The weigh stations will show up on a map, and you can then check to see if there are any stations along your specific route.\\n2-2. Find a rest area or truck stop before you reach the weigh station.\\nRest areas will show up on map apps, on some weigh station apps, and on travel apps. There are usually more rest areas or truck stops than weigh stations, so you should be able to find a rest area before getting to a weigh station easily.\\nTry out apps such as Apple Maps, RoadAhead, or Rest Area Finder to find rest areas near you.\\n2-3. Use a weigh station app to find out if the station is open.\\nOnce you're at the rest area, check a weigh station app like Trucker Path or ScaleBuddy to see the status of the weigh station. These apps will tell you whether the weigh station is open or closed so you know whether you can continue driving or need to stay at the rest area awhile longer.\\nWhen the weigh stations show up on the app's road map, they will either be shown in green saying “open,” or they'll be red saying “closed.”\\n2-4. Wait until the weigh station is closed before proceeding.\\nContinue checking the weigh station app to find out when the weigh station is closed. Make sure you refresh the app so that you get updated information. Once the app says the weigh station has closed, you can continue driving.\\nHow long it takes for the weigh station to close will be different for every weigh station—it could take half an hour or many hours.\\nIf you don't want to wait for a long time, it might be best to consider taking an alternate route.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Weigh stations are designed to check the weight of your vehicle using large scales, making sure vehicles such as large commercial trucks aren't overweight. If you're trying to avoid the weigh stations, you can either take an alternate route or wait until the weigh station closes. Weigh station apps will be incredibly helpful no matter which method you choose, as they'll tell you where the weigh stations are located as well as when they're open or closed.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Taking an Alternative Route\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Plan your route in advance.\", \"描述\": \"In order to avoid the weigh stations, you'll need to know if they're going to pop up on your designated route. Map out your trip ahead of time so that you can look up where the weigh stations will be along the way.\\nYou can plan out your trip on your phone, typing the destination into a map app. This will give you directions and show you which roads you'll be taking.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find out where the weigh stations are located.\", \"描述\": \"The easiest way to do this is to use an app, such as Drivewyze or Trucker Path. The apps will show you exactly where the weigh stations are located on the road, and many of the apps serve as a navigation app as well, giving you directions and showing weigh stations on the same map.\\nYou can also type “weigh stations near me” into a search engine—this will show a map of nearby weigh stations depending on your location.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Change your route so that you bypass the station.\", \"描述\": \"If a weigh station is located on your current route, you'll need to make adjustments so that you can avoid it. You can either change your route ahead of time by looking at a map, or you can exit the highway before you reach the weigh station and take an alternate route then.\\nA map app will be able to show you alternate routes you can take that will lead you to your destination, but they may add time to your trip.\\nMake sure you check that the alternate route doesn't have any weigh stations as well.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Waiting Until the Weigh Station is Closed\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Locate all of the weigh stations along your route.\", \"描述\": \"You can do this by using a weigh station app on your phone, or by typing in “weigh stations near me” into a search engine. The weigh stations will show up on a map, and you can then check to see if there are any stations along your specific route.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find a rest area or truck stop before you reach the weigh station.\", \"描述\": \"Rest areas will show up on map apps, on some weigh station apps, and on travel apps. There are usually more rest areas or truck stops than weigh stations, so you should be able to find a rest area before getting to a weigh station easily.\\nTry out apps such as Apple Maps, RoadAhead, or Rest Area Finder to find rest areas near you.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use a weigh station app to find out if the station is open.\", \"描述\": \"Once you're at the rest area, check a weigh station app like Trucker Path or ScaleBuddy to see the status of the weigh station. These apps will tell you whether the weigh station is open or closed so you know whether you can continue driving or need to stay at the rest area awhile longer.\\nWhen the weigh stations show up on the app's road map, they will either be shown in green saying “open,” or they'll be red saying “closed.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wait until the weigh station is closed before proceeding.\", \"描述\": \"Continue checking the weigh station app to find out when the weigh station is closed. Make sure you refresh the app so that you get updated information. Once the app says the weigh station has closed, you can continue driving.\\nHow long it takes for the weigh station to close will be different for every weigh station—it could take half an hour or many hours.\\nIf you don't want to wait for a long time, it might be best to consider taking an alternate route.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,242 | How to Avoid Weight Gain | 1. Managing What You Eat
1-1. Track your weight and caloric intake.
To begin with, start keeping track of your weight and eating habits daily. This will help you establish where you are now and give you a sense of what changes should be made.
Start weighing yourself once a day. Keep track of what you are eating and when. You can keep a journal that you use each day. Record your weight at the top of the page and then jot down everything you eat each day. If you see the pounds beginning to creep upward, you'll know you need to make some lifestyle changes.
Estimate how many calories you are eating daily by using calorie measurements provided on pre-packaged meals or restaurant nutrition guides. If you're cooking meals at home, you can find information on the caloric content in many basic foods online.
Some meals and restaurants provide little to no information on their nutritional content. It can be difficult to estimate exactly how much you've had when you're unable to measure and prepare the food yourself. Consider altering your diet to only consume meals when you know the calories you are consuming.
Consider measuring your portions by weight rather than volume. Invest in a small scale for your kitchen. Weigh ingredients before adding them to a meal and use these weights to estimate caloric content.
1-2. Use an online calculator to figure out how many calories is healthy for you.
Use an online calculator to estimate your daily caloric allowance for weight maintenance. Websites such as the Mayo Clinic provide such calculators. Calculating your caloric needs involves a formula that takes your current age, height, weight, sex, and exercise level into consideration. Have all this information ready when using an online tool.
Your daily allowance will change if you gain or lose weight. Keep your allowance updated accordingly.
These are only estimates. If you find you are gaining or losing weight while following these guidelines, adjust your allowance in small increments (e.g., 100 calories) to accommodate your body's behavior.
If you're unsure whether an online calculator is accurate, or if you have a medical condition that affects your metabolism, talk to your doctor. He or she will be able to give you a better estimate of your daily caloric needs.
1-3. Eat a healthier diet.
Feeling hungry is often a matter of what you are eating. Proteins and complex carbohydrates tend to prevent hunger for longer periods of time than simple sugars. Improving your diet will result in you eating less overall. This can help prevent unwanted weight gain.
The major food groups include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy, and lean proteins. Include a variety of foods from all these groups if you want to improve your diet.
Keep your proteins lean. Leaner proteins are better for your overall health and tend to keep you full longer. These include legumes, like beans, nuts, seeds, poultry, and fish. Instead of having beef as your main course for dinner, for example, make baked salmon and include a side of grilled vegetables.
1-4. Cut back on added sugar.
Cane sugar, which is often added to foods and sweets, can cause unwanted weight gain. Such foods are also often low in nutrients, resulting in hunger cravings shortly after eating.
You don't need to have a sweet tooth to have a high sugar diet. Many products you buy at the grocery store, like breads and canned pasta sauces, are loaded with added sugar.
Read labels before purchasing a product at the store and pay attention to how much sugar is included. The American Heart association recommends no more than 9 teaspoons of added a sugar a day for men and no more than 6 teaspoons a day for women.
1-5. Go for complex carbohydrates.
Complex carbs, which include a lot of whole grain and fiber, fill you up faster than simpler carbohydrates. Go for whole wheat or whole grain bread, whole wheat pasta, and brown rice over refined carbohydrates. White rices, breads, and pastas lack nutrients and appetite controlling fiber, leading to hunger.Opt for a dish of quinoa, a bean salad, or a serving of long grain brown rice as a complex carbohydrate serving.
1-6. Develop self-discipline.
There is nothing wrong with indulging in moderation. In fact, giving yourself a treat on occasion can actually help you stick to a healthy diet longer. However, make sure you develop self-discipline when indulging to avoid accidentally gaining weight.
If you have a sweet tooth, keep the American Heart Association guidelines in mind. There are easy ways to give in to sugar cravings without going overboard. Have a fun-sized candy bar as a treat instead of a regular sized one, for example. If you're out at dinner, see if a friend or family member wants to split dessert.
If you love salty snacks like chips, buy 100 calorie bags. This way, you'll get a small amount of what you crave and won't go overboard with calorie content.
Allow yourself a "cheat meal" once a week. Every Friday night, for example, order take-out or go out to dinner and don't worry about recording the calories. A once a week indulgence can help provide motivation to stay healthy throughout the week.
1-7. Establish regular meal times.
It seems like a small issue, but eating at odd times can lead to unwanted weight gain. If you skip breakfast, for example, you may crave unhealthy foods at lunch and overeat. Eating in front of the television instead of having a sit-down dinner can also lead to mindless binge eating. Try to eat three meals a day at roughly the same time. This can make a difference in your weight.
1-8. Make small changes.
Sometimes, tiny tweaks to your eating habits can translate to a large decrease in overall calories. Try incorporating some of these small changes to your eating regimen and see if you notice a difference in weight gain.
Use vinaigrette on salads instead of creamy dressings. Aim to use about half as much as normal.
When eating out, go for a healthy appetizer or skip appetizers altogether. If the restaurant offers sides with an entree, go for a salad or grilled veggies over fries or potatoes.
Use vegetable based pasta sauces over cream sauces.
Avoid drinking fruit juice. If you do crave juice, go for 100% juice without added sugar.
Go for low-fat or fat-free dairy products over products with whole milk.
Drink water throughout the day. Go for low calorie or no calorie beverage options, like sparkling water and diet sodas, to quench your thirst during meal times. When it comes to preventing weight gain, these are better than products with added sugar or calories.
2. Exercising Regularly
2-1. Monitor your exercise routine.
If you want to get a sense of whether you need to exercise more, start monitoring your daily physical activity. Note both the type of activity and the duration. If you are running or biking, note the distance travelled. These will all be important when calculating how much exercise you need to maintain your weight.
Do not include everyday activities, such as walking from your car to your office or walking up or down stairs. However, include time spent jogging or biking to work if you do so for 20 or more minutes daily.
Do not weigh yourself after you exercise. You will have lost weight during your workout. This will give you a weight that doesn't properly account for your body's fluid requirements. In other words, it will be incorrectly low.
2-2. Calculate your calorie needs
Using your weight and height you can estimate your daily calorie requirements. Use an online calculator or ask your doctor how many calories you should be consuming based on your weight, lifestyle, and other characteristics. Compare this to what you are currently consuming daily. If you are consuming more calories than you need, that difference is your daily exercise requirement.
To estimate your calorie requirements you typically need to know your current weight, sex, age, and height. When asked about your exercise level, report what you regularly do rather than what you expect to do in the future.
If you are consuming too many calories, it may not be possible to increase your exercise to accommodate. You may need to cut down on calories to prevent weight gain in addition to exercising more.
2-3. Establish an exercise routine that becomes part of your life.
Exercise should be a part of your daily life, as routine as brushing your teeth in the morning. It can be difficult to get started on a workout routine, but the benefits on your mental and physical health are worth the commitment.
To start, pick an activity you like. Many people underestimate how much exercise you need to maintain weight. People who have lost weight and kept it off typically exercise 60 to 90 minutes most days of the week. Obviously, this much physical activity will seem tedious if you pick something you hate. Choose an activity you enjoy. If you love long walks, go walking each day. If you love riding your bike to work, incorporate bike rides a few times a week. If you're into sports, start playing tennis with friends or join a local league.
You do not need to engage in 60 to 90 minutes of exercise all at once. In fact, given the demands of work, family, and social engagements this is probably not realistic for most people. You can break up physical activity throughout the day and get the same results. Take a brisk 20 minute walk with your dog before working in the morning. Then, hit the gym for 30 minutes after leaving the office. In the early evening, take your dog for a short 20 minute jog in the park.
Depending on your medical history, you may need to talk to your healthcare provider before exercising for 60 to 90 minutes a day. However, even if you don't have any existing health conditions it's a good idea to speak to your doctor before starting a new workout routine. A medical professional can give you advice on how to ease into a new routine so you don't end up straining yourself early on.
2-4. Incorporate strength training.
Muscle burns more calories than fat. In addition to aerobic exercises that get your heart rate up, look into workouts that help build your body's overall strength.
If you don't have a gym membership, there are many activities you can do using your own body. Push-ups, sit ups, and routines like Pilates and yoga can help you build strength.
If you want to incorporate some equipment, invest in resistant tubing. This lightweight and inexpensive material provides resistance when pulled and can be used in strength training exercises. You can buy resistance tubing online or at a local gym or fitness shop. Free weights are also relatively inexpensive and can be incorporated into a strength training routine.
Talk to a doctor or trainer when beginning a strength training regimen. If you're a beginner, it can be easy to strain yourself. Injury can prevent you from exercising, potentially causing weight gain.
3. Making Lifestyle Changes
3-1. Manage stress.
Stress can actually cause weight gain. People who are stressed out tend to overeat and go for high calorie comfort foods over healthier options. Working on managing your stress level can help prevent weight gain.
Warning signs of stress include things like heightened anxiety, muscle tension, and irritability. When you feel these warning signs, be extra conscientious about what you're eating. Are you actually hungry or are you eating due to your mood? Is the food you're eating healthy and nutritious or are you binge eating low-quality food to combat anxiety?
Yoga, meditation, stretching, massage, and deep breathing are all excellent methods to combat unwanted stress. Try incorporating some of these techniques into your day-to-day life and see if you notice an overall improvement in mood.
Work on establishing a good sleep schedule. Running low on sleep can worsen stress. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time each day, aiming for about 8 hours of quality sleep each night.
Not everyone can manage stress on their own. If you have trouble regulating stress, you may have an anxiety disorder or other underlying mental health issue. Make an appointment with a therapist to talk about better managing stress. You can find a therapist by asking your regular doctor for a referral. You can also call your insurance company and ask for a list of therapists and psychiatrists in your network. If you are a college student, you may be entitled to free counseling through your college or university.
3-2. Practice mindful eating.
Sometimes, the way you eat can lead to overindulgence. Making a habit of eating more mindfully can help you control how much you eat. This can lead to less weight gain.
Give your food 100% of your attention. Eat meals at a table. Stay away from the television when eating. Do not eat while you're working or doing another task. Focus solely on the food and the sensations it brings you.
Check in as you eat. Pause once in awhile and think, "On a scale of 1 to 10, how would I rate my hunger?" Take note of when you feel somewhat full and when you feel completely full. Many people do not pay attention to their body's signals and end up eating well after they feel satisfied.
Tune into your senses as you eat. Chew each bite slowly and pay attention to how eating feels. How does the food taste and smell? Tune into the textures and flavors of each bite you eat.
3-3. Limit alcohol consumption.
Alcohol is a major culprit for many when it comes to unwanted weight gain. Alcoholic beverages are high in empty calories and, when inebriated, people often develop food cravings. Work on drinking in moderation.
Understand what it means to drink in moderation. For women and men over 65, drinking in moderation means no more than one drink a day. For men under 65, this means no more than two drinks a day. A drink generally means 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of spirits.
In some situations, it can be hard to avoid overindulging. If you're going to a party, for example, you may feel pressured to drink. Try to avoid situations where heavy drinking is the main event. If you do attend an event where there will be drinking, try ordering a non-alcoholic beverage. This will keep your hands occupied and may reduce some of the temptation to drink.
If you do go out to a bar for drinks with friends, eat a nutritious meal beforehand. This will leave less room for alcohol and may prevent food cravings after drinking.
3-4. Seek support from others.
Avoiding weight gain can be difficult. Many people struggle to maintain healthy eating and exercise habits. Seek support from others if you're trying to maintain a healthy weight.
Talk to your friends and family members about the changes you're making. There may be small things they can do to help. For example, they could avoid serving sugary snacks at parties you're attending. Your friends could agree to plan events that do not involve drinking or eating on the weekends.
Network with others working on maintaining a healthy weight. Make friends at the gym. If you're in a weight loss or weight management program, like Weight Watchers, plan social events with other members.
If you struggle with your weight due to a mental or physical health issue, see if you can find a support group in your area. If you can't find a physical support group, there are forums online for people with a wide variety of mental and physical health issues.
Tips
Hang out with people who maintain a healthy weight.[33]
X
Research source
You will probably pick up some good habits, and avoid some unhealthy ones. They're less likely to suggest fast food when eating out. Beware, though, of people with amazingly good metabolisms, who eat like pigs and don't exercise. It will eventually catch up with them...but it will immediately catch up with you, if you follow their eating and activity patterns.
Drink a lot of water, especially before meals. Try drinking a full glass of water immediately before eating. This helps you feel full sooner than normal allowing you to sate your hunger while eating less.
An underactive thyroid can increase weight gain. Check your thyroid by taking your temperature as soon as you wake up each morning. If your temperature is below 98.6 degrees for 7 days in a row, bring the results to the attention of your physician. He/She can run further tests. About one in two Americans has an under active thyroid.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:35",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Managing What You Eat\\n1-1. Track your weight and caloric intake.\\nTo begin with, start keeping track of your weight and eating habits daily. This will help you establish where you are now and give you a sense of what changes should be made.\\nStart weighing yourself once a day. Keep track of what you are eating and when. You can keep a journal that you use each day. Record your weight at the top of the page and then jot down everything you eat each day. If you see the pounds beginning to creep upward, you'll know you need to make some lifestyle changes.\\nEstimate how many calories you are eating daily by using calorie measurements provided on pre-packaged meals or restaurant nutrition guides. If you're cooking meals at home, you can find information on the caloric content in many basic foods online.\\nSome meals and restaurants provide little to no information on their nutritional content. It can be difficult to estimate exactly how much you've had when you're unable to measure and prepare the food yourself. Consider altering your diet to only consume meals when you know the calories you are consuming.\\nConsider measuring your portions by weight rather than volume. Invest in a small scale for your kitchen. Weigh ingredients before adding them to a meal and use these weights to estimate caloric content.\\n1-2. Use an online calculator to figure out how many calories is healthy for you.\\nUse an online calculator to estimate your daily caloric allowance for weight maintenance. Websites such as the Mayo Clinic provide such calculators. Calculating your caloric needs involves a formula that takes your current age, height, weight, sex, and exercise level into consideration. Have all this information ready when using an online tool.\\nYour daily allowance will change if you gain or lose weight. Keep your allowance updated accordingly.\\nThese are only estimates. If you find you are gaining or losing weight while following these guidelines, adjust your allowance in small increments (e.g., 100 calories) to accommodate your body's behavior.\\nIf you're unsure whether an online calculator is accurate, or if you have a medical condition that affects your metabolism, talk to your doctor. He or she will be able to give you a better estimate of your daily caloric needs.\\n1-3. Eat a healthier diet.\\nFeeling hungry is often a matter of what you are eating. Proteins and complex carbohydrates tend to prevent hunger for longer periods of time than simple sugars. Improving your diet will result in you eating less overall. This can help prevent unwanted weight gain.\\nThe major food groups include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy, and lean proteins. Include a variety of foods from all these groups if you want to improve your diet.\\nKeep your proteins lean. Leaner proteins are better for your overall health and tend to keep you full longer. These include legumes, like beans, nuts, seeds, poultry, and fish. Instead of having beef as your main course for dinner, for example, make baked salmon and include a side of grilled vegetables.\\n1-4. Cut back on added sugar.\\nCane sugar, which is often added to foods and sweets, can cause unwanted weight gain. Such foods are also often low in nutrients, resulting in hunger cravings shortly after eating.\\nYou don't need to have a sweet tooth to have a high sugar diet. Many products you buy at the grocery store, like breads and canned pasta sauces, are loaded with added sugar.\\nRead labels before purchasing a product at the store and pay attention to how much sugar is included. The American Heart association recommends no more than 9 teaspoons of added a sugar a day for men and no more than 6 teaspoons a day for women.\\n1-5. Go for complex carbohydrates.\\nComplex carbs, which include a lot of whole grain and fiber, fill you up faster than simpler carbohydrates. Go for whole wheat or whole grain bread, whole wheat pasta, and brown rice over refined carbohydrates. White rices, breads, and pastas lack nutrients and appetite controlling fiber, leading to hunger.Opt for a dish of quinoa, a bean salad, or a serving of long grain brown rice as a complex carbohydrate serving.\\n1-6. Develop self-discipline.\\nThere is nothing wrong with indulging in moderation. In fact, giving yourself a treat on occasion can actually help you stick to a healthy diet longer. However, make sure you develop self-discipline when indulging to avoid accidentally gaining weight.\\nIf you have a sweet tooth, keep the American Heart Association guidelines in mind. There are easy ways to give in to sugar cravings without going overboard. Have a fun-sized candy bar as a treat instead of a regular sized one, for example. If you're out at dinner, see if a friend or family member wants to split dessert.\\nIf you love salty snacks like chips, buy 100 calorie bags. This way, you'll get a small amount of what you crave and won't go overboard with calorie content.\\nAllow yourself a \\\"cheat meal\\\" once a week. Every Friday night, for example, order take-out or go out to dinner and don't worry about recording the calories. A once a week indulgence can help provide motivation to stay healthy throughout the week.\\n1-7. Establish regular meal times.\\nIt seems like a small issue, but eating at odd times can lead to unwanted weight gain. If you skip breakfast, for example, you may crave unhealthy foods at lunch and overeat. Eating in front of the television instead of having a sit-down dinner can also lead to mindless binge eating. Try to eat three meals a day at roughly the same time. This can make a difference in your weight.\\n1-8. Make small changes.\\nSometimes, tiny tweaks to your eating habits can translate to a large decrease in overall calories. Try incorporating some of these small changes to your eating regimen and see if you notice a difference in weight gain.\\nUse vinaigrette on salads instead of creamy dressings. Aim to use about half as much as normal.\\nWhen eating out, go for a healthy appetizer or skip appetizers altogether. If the restaurant offers sides with an entree, go for a salad or grilled veggies over fries or potatoes.\\nUse vegetable based pasta sauces over cream sauces.\\nAvoid drinking fruit juice. If you do crave juice, go for 100% juice without added sugar.\\nGo for low-fat or fat-free dairy products over products with whole milk.\\nDrink water throughout the day. Go for low calorie or no calorie beverage options, like sparkling water and diet sodas, to quench your thirst during meal times. When it comes to preventing weight gain, these are better than products with added sugar or calories.\\n2. Exercising Regularly\\n2-1. Monitor your exercise routine.\\nIf you want to get a sense of whether you need to exercise more, start monitoring your daily physical activity. Note both the type of activity and the duration. If you are running or biking, note the distance travelled. These will all be important when calculating how much exercise you need to maintain your weight.\\nDo not include everyday activities, such as walking from your car to your office or walking up or down stairs. However, include time spent jogging or biking to work if you do so for 20 or more minutes daily.\\nDo not weigh yourself after you exercise. You will have lost weight during your workout. This will give you a weight that doesn't properly account for your body's fluid requirements. In other words, it will be incorrectly low.\\n2-2. Calculate your calorie needs\\nUsing your weight and height you can estimate your daily calorie requirements. Use an online calculator or ask your doctor how many calories you should be consuming based on your weight, lifestyle, and other characteristics. Compare this to what you are currently consuming daily. If you are consuming more calories than you need, that difference is your daily exercise requirement.\\nTo estimate your calorie requirements you typically need to know your current weight, sex, age, and height. When asked about your exercise level, report what you regularly do rather than what you expect to do in the future.\\nIf you are consuming too many calories, it may not be possible to increase your exercise to accommodate. You may need to cut down on calories to prevent weight gain in addition to exercising more.\\n2-3. Establish an exercise routine that becomes part of your life.\\nExercise should be a part of your daily life, as routine as brushing your teeth in the morning. It can be difficult to get started on a workout routine, but the benefits on your mental and physical health are worth the commitment.\\nTo start, pick an activity you like. Many people underestimate how much exercise you need to maintain weight. People who have lost weight and kept it off typically exercise 60 to 90 minutes most days of the week. Obviously, this much physical activity will seem tedious if you pick something you hate. Choose an activity you enjoy. If you love long walks, go walking each day. If you love riding your bike to work, incorporate bike rides a few times a week. If you're into sports, start playing tennis with friends or join a local league.\\nYou do not need to engage in 60 to 90 minutes of exercise all at once. In fact, given the demands of work, family, and social engagements this is probably not realistic for most people. You can break up physical activity throughout the day and get the same results. Take a brisk 20 minute walk with your dog before working in the morning. Then, hit the gym for 30 minutes after leaving the office. In the early evening, take your dog for a short 20 minute jog in the park.\\nDepending on your medical history, you may need to talk to your healthcare provider before exercising for 60 to 90 minutes a day. However, even if you don't have any existing health conditions it's a good idea to speak to your doctor before starting a new workout routine. A medical professional can give you advice on how to ease into a new routine so you don't end up straining yourself early on.\\n2-4. Incorporate strength training.\\nMuscle burns more calories than fat. In addition to aerobic exercises that get your heart rate up, look into workouts that help build your body's overall strength.\\nIf you don't have a gym membership, there are many activities you can do using your own body. Push-ups, sit ups, and routines like Pilates and yoga can help you build strength.\\nIf you want to incorporate some equipment, invest in resistant tubing. This lightweight and inexpensive material provides resistance when pulled and can be used in strength training exercises. You can buy resistance tubing online or at a local gym or fitness shop. Free weights are also relatively inexpensive and can be incorporated into a strength training routine.\\nTalk to a doctor or trainer when beginning a strength training regimen. If you're a beginner, it can be easy to strain yourself. Injury can prevent you from exercising, potentially causing weight gain.\\n3. Making Lifestyle Changes\\n3-1. Manage stress.\\nStress can actually cause weight gain. People who are stressed out tend to overeat and go for high calorie comfort foods over healthier options. Working on managing your stress level can help prevent weight gain.\\nWarning signs of stress include things like heightened anxiety, muscle tension, and irritability. When you feel these warning signs, be extra conscientious about what you're eating. Are you actually hungry or are you eating due to your mood? Is the food you're eating healthy and nutritious or are you binge eating low-quality food to combat anxiety?\\nYoga, meditation, stretching, massage, and deep breathing are all excellent methods to combat unwanted stress. Try incorporating some of these techniques into your day-to-day life and see if you notice an overall improvement in mood.\\nWork on establishing a good sleep schedule. Running low on sleep can worsen stress. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time each day, aiming for about 8 hours of quality sleep each night.\\nNot everyone can manage stress on their own. If you have trouble regulating stress, you may have an anxiety disorder or other underlying mental health issue. Make an appointment with a therapist to talk about better managing stress. You can find a therapist by asking your regular doctor for a referral. You can also call your insurance company and ask for a list of therapists and psychiatrists in your network. If you are a college student, you may be entitled to free counseling through your college or university.\\n3-2. Practice mindful eating.\\nSometimes, the way you eat can lead to overindulgence. Making a habit of eating more mindfully can help you control how much you eat. This can lead to less weight gain.\\nGive your food 100% of your attention. Eat meals at a table. Stay away from the television when eating. Do not eat while you're working or doing another task. Focus solely on the food and the sensations it brings you.\\nCheck in as you eat. Pause once in awhile and think, \\\"On a scale of 1 to 10, how would I rate my hunger?\\\" Take note of when you feel somewhat full and when you feel completely full. Many people do not pay attention to their body's signals and end up eating well after they feel satisfied.\\nTune into your senses as you eat. Chew each bite slowly and pay attention to how eating feels. How does the food taste and smell? Tune into the textures and flavors of each bite you eat.\\n3-3. Limit alcohol consumption.\\nAlcohol is a major culprit for many when it comes to unwanted weight gain. Alcoholic beverages are high in empty calories and, when inebriated, people often develop food cravings. Work on drinking in moderation.\\nUnderstand what it means to drink in moderation. For women and men over 65, drinking in moderation means no more than one drink a day. For men under 65, this means no more than two drinks a day. A drink generally means 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of spirits.\\nIn some situations, it can be hard to avoid overindulging. If you're going to a party, for example, you may feel pressured to drink. Try to avoid situations where heavy drinking is the main event. If you do attend an event where there will be drinking, try ordering a non-alcoholic beverage. This will keep your hands occupied and may reduce some of the temptation to drink.\\nIf you do go out to a bar for drinks with friends, eat a nutritious meal beforehand. This will leave less room for alcohol and may prevent food cravings after drinking.\\n3-4. Seek support from others.\\nAvoiding weight gain can be difficult. Many people struggle to maintain healthy eating and exercise habits. Seek support from others if you're trying to maintain a healthy weight.\\nTalk to your friends and family members about the changes you're making. There may be small things they can do to help. For example, they could avoid serving sugary snacks at parties you're attending. Your friends could agree to plan events that do not involve drinking or eating on the weekends.\\nNetwork with others working on maintaining a healthy weight. Make friends at the gym. If you're in a weight loss or weight management program, like Weight Watchers, plan social events with other members.\\nIf you struggle with your weight due to a mental or physical health issue, see if you can find a support group in your area. If you can't find a physical support group, there are forums online for people with a wide variety of mental and physical health issues.\\nTips\\nHang out with people who maintain a healthy weight.[33]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n You will probably pick up some good habits, and avoid some unhealthy ones. They're less likely to suggest fast food when eating out. Beware, though, of people with amazingly good metabolisms, who eat like pigs and don't exercise. It will eventually catch up with them...but it will immediately catch up with you, if you follow their eating and activity patterns.\\nDrink a lot of water, especially before meals. Try drinking a full glass of water immediately before eating. This helps you feel full sooner than normal allowing you to sate your hunger while eating less.\\nAn underactive thyroid can increase weight gain. Check your thyroid by taking your temperature as soon as you wake up each morning. If your temperature is below 98.6 degrees for 7 days in a row, bring the results to the attention of your physician. He/She can run further tests. About one in two Americans has an under active thyroid.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"As you age, your body's metabolism slows down. If you aren't paying attention, your weight may gradually creep higher. Commonly, people also have trouble losing regained weight. Avoiding weight gain is not as simple as cutting calories or exercising. It is a matter of establishing a healthier lifestyle overall. There are no quick fixes to avoiding weight gain long-term, but with lifestyle changes you can maintain a healthy weight.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Managing What You Eat\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Track your weight and caloric intake.\", \"描述\": \"To begin with, start keeping track of your weight and eating habits daily. This will help you establish where you are now and give you a sense of what changes should be made.\\nStart weighing yourself once a day. Keep track of what you are eating and when. You can keep a journal that you use each day. Record your weight at the top of the page and then jot down everything you eat each day. If you see the pounds beginning to creep upward, you'll know you need to make some lifestyle changes.\\nEstimate how many calories you are eating daily by using calorie measurements provided on pre-packaged meals or restaurant nutrition guides. If you're cooking meals at home, you can find information on the caloric content in many basic foods online.\\nSome meals and restaurants provide little to no information on their nutritional content. It can be difficult to estimate exactly how much you've had when you're unable to measure and prepare the food yourself. Consider altering your diet to only consume meals when you know the calories you are consuming.\\nConsider measuring your portions by weight rather than volume. Invest in a small scale for your kitchen. Weigh ingredients before adding them to a meal and use these weights to estimate caloric content.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use an online calculator to figure out how many calories is healthy for you.\", \"描述\": \"Use an online calculator to estimate your daily caloric allowance for weight maintenance. Websites such as the Mayo Clinic provide such calculators. Calculating your caloric needs involves a formula that takes your current age, height, weight, sex, and exercise level into consideration. Have all this information ready when using an online tool.\\nYour daily allowance will change if you gain or lose weight. Keep your allowance updated accordingly.\\nThese are only estimates. If you find you are gaining or losing weight while following these guidelines, adjust your allowance in small increments (e.g., 100 calories) to accommodate your body's behavior.\\nIf you're unsure whether an online calculator is accurate, or if you have a medical condition that affects your metabolism, talk to your doctor. He or she will be able to give you a better estimate of your daily caloric needs.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Eat a healthier diet.\", \"描述\": \"Feeling hungry is often a matter of what you are eating. Proteins and complex carbohydrates tend to prevent hunger for longer periods of time than simple sugars. Improving your diet will result in you eating less overall. This can help prevent unwanted weight gain.\\nThe major food groups include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy, and lean proteins. Include a variety of foods from all these groups if you want to improve your diet.\\nKeep your proteins lean. Leaner proteins are better for your overall health and tend to keep you full longer. These include legumes, like beans, nuts, seeds, poultry, and fish. Instead of having beef as your main course for dinner, for example, make baked salmon and include a side of grilled vegetables.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Cut back on added sugar.\", \"描述\": \"Cane sugar, which is often added to foods and sweets, can cause unwanted weight gain. Such foods are also often low in nutrients, resulting in hunger cravings shortly after eating.\\nYou don't need to have a sweet tooth to have a high sugar diet. Many products you buy at the grocery store, like breads and canned pasta sauces, are loaded with added sugar.\\nRead labels before purchasing a product at the store and pay attention to how much sugar is included. The American Heart association recommends no more than 9 teaspoons of added a sugar a day for men and no more than 6 teaspoons a day for women.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Go for complex carbohydrates.\", \"描述\": \"Complex carbs, which include a lot of whole grain and fiber, fill you up faster than simpler carbohydrates. Go for whole wheat or whole grain bread, whole wheat pasta, and brown rice over refined carbohydrates. White rices, breads, and pastas lack nutrients and appetite controlling fiber, leading to hunger.Opt for a dish of quinoa, a bean salad, or a serving of long grain brown rice as a complex carbohydrate serving.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Develop self-discipline.\", \"描述\": \"There is nothing wrong with indulging in moderation. In fact, giving yourself a treat on occasion can actually help you stick to a healthy diet longer. However, make sure you develop self-discipline when indulging to avoid accidentally gaining weight.\\nIf you have a sweet tooth, keep the American Heart Association guidelines in mind. There are easy ways to give in to sugar cravings without going overboard. Have a fun-sized candy bar as a treat instead of a regular sized one, for example. If you're out at dinner, see if a friend or family member wants to split dessert.\\nIf you love salty snacks like chips, buy 100 calorie bags. This way, you'll get a small amount of what you crave and won't go overboard with calorie content.\\nAllow yourself a \\\"cheat meal\\\" once a week. Every Friday night, for example, order take-out or go out to dinner and don't worry about recording the calories. A once a week indulgence can help provide motivation to stay healthy throughout the week.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Establish regular meal times.\", \"描述\": \"It seems like a small issue, but eating at odd times can lead to unwanted weight gain. If you skip breakfast, for example, you may crave unhealthy foods at lunch and overeat. Eating in front of the television instead of having a sit-down dinner can also lead to mindless binge eating. Try to eat three meals a day at roughly the same time. This can make a difference in your weight.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Make small changes.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, tiny tweaks to your eating habits can translate to a large decrease in overall calories. Try incorporating some of these small changes to your eating regimen and see if you notice a difference in weight gain.\\nUse vinaigrette on salads instead of creamy dressings. Aim to use about half as much as normal.\\nWhen eating out, go for a healthy appetizer or skip appetizers altogether. If the restaurant offers sides with an entree, go for a salad or grilled veggies over fries or potatoes.\\nUse vegetable based pasta sauces over cream sauces.\\nAvoid drinking fruit juice. If you do crave juice, go for 100% juice without added sugar.\\nGo for low-fat or fat-free dairy products over products with whole milk.\\nDrink water throughout the day. Go for low calorie or no calorie beverage options, like sparkling water and diet sodas, to quench your thirst during meal times. When it comes to preventing weight gain, these are better than products with added sugar or calories.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Exercising Regularly\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Monitor your exercise routine.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to get a sense of whether you need to exercise more, start monitoring your daily physical activity. Note both the type of activity and the duration. If you are running or biking, note the distance travelled. These will all be important when calculating how much exercise you need to maintain your weight.\\nDo not include everyday activities, such as walking from your car to your office or walking up or down stairs. However, include time spent jogging or biking to work if you do so for 20 or more minutes daily.\\nDo not weigh yourself after you exercise. You will have lost weight during your workout. This will give you a weight that doesn't properly account for your body's fluid requirements. In other words, it will be incorrectly low.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Calculate your calorie needs\", \"描述\": \"Using your weight and height you can estimate your daily calorie requirements. Use an online calculator or ask your doctor how many calories you should be consuming based on your weight, lifestyle, and other characteristics. Compare this to what you are currently consuming daily. If you are consuming more calories than you need, that difference is your daily exercise requirement.\\nTo estimate your calorie requirements you typically need to know your current weight, sex, age, and height. When asked about your exercise level, report what you regularly do rather than what you expect to do in the future.\\nIf you are consuming too many calories, it may not be possible to increase your exercise to accommodate. You may need to cut down on calories to prevent weight gain in addition to exercising more.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Establish an exercise routine that becomes part of your life.\", \"描述\": \"Exercise should be a part of your daily life, as routine as brushing your teeth in the morning. It can be difficult to get started on a workout routine, but the benefits on your mental and physical health are worth the commitment.\\nTo start, pick an activity you like. Many people underestimate how much exercise you need to maintain weight. People who have lost weight and kept it off typically exercise 60 to 90 minutes most days of the week. Obviously, this much physical activity will seem tedious if you pick something you hate. Choose an activity you enjoy. If you love long walks, go walking each day. If you love riding your bike to work, incorporate bike rides a few times a week. If you're into sports, start playing tennis with friends or join a local league.\\nYou do not need to engage in 60 to 90 minutes of exercise all at once. In fact, given the demands of work, family, and social engagements this is probably not realistic for most people. You can break up physical activity throughout the day and get the same results. Take a brisk 20 minute walk with your dog before working in the morning. Then, hit the gym for 30 minutes after leaving the office. In the early evening, take your dog for a short 20 minute jog in the park.\\nDepending on your medical history, you may need to talk to your healthcare provider before exercising for 60 to 90 minutes a day. However, even if you don't have any existing health conditions it's a good idea to speak to your doctor before starting a new workout routine. A medical professional can give you advice on how to ease into a new routine so you don't end up straining yourself early on.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Incorporate strength training.\", \"描述\": \"Muscle burns more calories than fat. In addition to aerobic exercises that get your heart rate up, look into workouts that help build your body's overall strength.\\nIf you don't have a gym membership, there are many activities you can do using your own body. Push-ups, sit ups, and routines like Pilates and yoga can help you build strength.\\nIf you want to incorporate some equipment, invest in resistant tubing. This lightweight and inexpensive material provides resistance when pulled and can be used in strength training exercises. You can buy resistance tubing online or at a local gym or fitness shop. Free weights are also relatively inexpensive and can be incorporated into a strength training routine.\\nTalk to a doctor or trainer when beginning a strength training regimen. If you're a beginner, it can be easy to strain yourself. Injury can prevent you from exercising, potentially causing weight gain.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Making Lifestyle Changes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Manage stress.\", \"描述\": \"Stress can actually cause weight gain. People who are stressed out tend to overeat and go for high calorie comfort foods over healthier options. Working on managing your stress level can help prevent weight gain.\\nWarning signs of stress include things like heightened anxiety, muscle tension, and irritability. When you feel these warning signs, be extra conscientious about what you're eating. Are you actually hungry or are you eating due to your mood? Is the food you're eating healthy and nutritious or are you binge eating low-quality food to combat anxiety?\\nYoga, meditation, stretching, massage, and deep breathing are all excellent methods to combat unwanted stress. Try incorporating some of these techniques into your day-to-day life and see if you notice an overall improvement in mood.\\nWork on establishing a good sleep schedule. Running low on sleep can worsen stress. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time each day, aiming for about 8 hours of quality sleep each night.\\nNot everyone can manage stress on their own. If you have trouble regulating stress, you may have an anxiety disorder or other underlying mental health issue. Make an appointment with a therapist to talk about better managing stress. You can find a therapist by asking your regular doctor for a referral. You can also call your insurance company and ask for a list of therapists and psychiatrists in your network. If you are a college student, you may be entitled to free counseling through your college or university.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Practice mindful eating.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, the way you eat can lead to overindulgence. Making a habit of eating more mindfully can help you control how much you eat. This can lead to less weight gain.\\nGive your food 100% of your attention. Eat meals at a table. Stay away from the television when eating. Do not eat while you're working or doing another task. Focus solely on the food and the sensations it brings you.\\nCheck in as you eat. Pause once in awhile and think, \\\"On a scale of 1 to 10, how would I rate my hunger?\\\" Take note of when you feel somewhat full and when you feel completely full. Many people do not pay attention to their body's signals and end up eating well after they feel satisfied.\\nTune into your senses as you eat. Chew each bite slowly and pay attention to how eating feels. How does the food taste and smell? Tune into the textures and flavors of each bite you eat.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Limit alcohol consumption.\", \"描述\": \"Alcohol is a major culprit for many when it comes to unwanted weight gain. Alcoholic beverages are high in empty calories and, when inebriated, people often develop food cravings. Work on drinking in moderation.\\nUnderstand what it means to drink in moderation. For women and men over 65, drinking in moderation means no more than one drink a day. For men under 65, this means no more than two drinks a day. A drink generally means 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of spirits.\\nIn some situations, it can be hard to avoid overindulging. If you're going to a party, for example, you may feel pressured to drink. Try to avoid situations where heavy drinking is the main event. If you do attend an event where there will be drinking, try ordering a non-alcoholic beverage. This will keep your hands occupied and may reduce some of the temptation to drink.\\nIf you do go out to a bar for drinks with friends, eat a nutritious meal beforehand. This will leave less room for alcohol and may prevent food cravings after drinking.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Seek support from others.\", \"描述\": \"Avoiding weight gain can be difficult. Many people struggle to maintain healthy eating and exercise habits. Seek support from others if you're trying to maintain a healthy weight.\\nTalk to your friends and family members about the changes you're making. There may be small things they can do to help. For example, they could avoid serving sugary snacks at parties you're attending. Your friends could agree to plan events that do not involve drinking or eating on the weekends.\\nNetwork with others working on maintaining a healthy weight. Make friends at the gym. If you're in a weight loss or weight management program, like Weight Watchers, plan social events with other members.\\nIf you struggle with your weight due to a mental or physical health issue, see if you can find a support group in your area. If you can't find a physical support group, there are forums online for people with a wide variety of mental and physical health issues.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Hang out with people who maintain a healthy weight.[33]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n You will probably pick up some good habits, and avoid some unhealthy ones. They're less likely to suggest fast food when eating out. Beware, though, of people with amazingly good metabolisms, who eat like pigs and don't exercise. It will eventually catch up with them...but it will immediately catch up with you, if you follow their eating and activity patterns.\\n\", \"Drink a lot of water, especially before meals. Try drinking a full glass of water immediately before eating. This helps you feel full sooner than normal allowing you to sate your hunger while eating less.\\n\", \"An underactive thyroid can increase weight gain. Check your thyroid by taking your temperature as soon as you wake up each morning. If your temperature is below 98.6 degrees for 7 days in a row, bring the results to the attention of your physician. He/She can run further tests. About one in two Americans has an under active thyroid.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,243 | How to Avoid Weight Gain While Working a Desk Job | 1. Choosing Healthy Meals and Snacks
1-1. Pack your lunches
Packing lunches is a great start to beat office weight gain. It's so easy to fall into the habit of getting takeout, cafeteria food or going to restaurants with friends. But many times those foods are much higher in calories and fat. You can control those factors when you pack your own healthy meal.
Always make sure to pack lunches that have lean protein and fruits or vegetables. The combination of these foods will keep you satisfied throughout your long work day.
Make packing your lunches fun. Purchase a new lunch box and small tupperware for convenient packaging.
Quicken your morning routine and pack your lunch at night. Whether it's leftovers or a salad, if your lunch is packed at night and ready to go in the morning, you're more likely to bring it with you to work.
Healthy packed lunch options can include: spinach salad with grilled chicken, vegetables and vinaigrette dressing; two lettuce wraps with deli meat and sliced cheese and a small piece of fruit; whole wheat wrap with sliced vegetables, avocado and hummus with a small piece of fruit; or homemade chili with shredded cheese, diced onions and avocado.
1-2. Choose healthy restaurant options.
Whether it's a company meeting or someone's birthday, you'll probably eat out a few times for lunch. Try to stick to healthier options when you're eating out. Remember, restaurant food is generally higher in calories.
If you do eat in a restaurant or cafeteria, look for smaller portions. Do they offer half a sandwich with a salad or cup of soup?
Look for the foods that are lower in calories, such as salads.
Split an entree with a friend. This will automatically cut your portion in half and limit the calories you consume. This is also a good idea if you're in the mood for something more indulgent.
Ask your server to box up half your entree before it arrives. If it's out of sight, it'll be out of mind.
Research the restaurant and menu prior to arriving. This will help you determine what healthy options are available. Arriving prepared will help keep you from falling for the temptations of specials and help to keep you on track with your healthy eating plan.
1-3. Ditch large or carbohydrate-rich meals.
Big meals, or ones that are high in carbohydrates like pasta or pizza, can make you feel tired, foggy and groggy — like a "food coma" — in the afternoon. This can trigger more snacking afterwards for a needed jolt of energy.
Avoid the afternoon slump by skipping these larger meals and sticking to your healthier packed lunch.
Still feeling tired after lunch? Take a quick walk to wake you up! This will revitalize your brain without the extra snack calories.
1-4. Snack healthy.
You will need a snack once in awhile, especially if you work long hours or there's more than four to five hours between any two of your meals. If you can't rely on healthy vending machine choices, pack your own snacks. That way, you won't be tempted by sugary treats!
Snacks should always contain protein and a fruit or vegetable. This power team gives you the needed energy and fuel to keep you going through your busy day.
Snacks should also be "snack" sized, not a mini meal. Stick with pre-portioned snacks or give yourself a calorie limit like 200 calories per snack.
Healthy snack options include things like: carrots and hummus, a low-fat cheese stick and an apple, celery sticks with peanut butter or low-fat yogurt with fruit.
1-5. Skip the candy bowl.
Candy bowls, vending machines and break rooms can be loaded with tempting sweets and other high calorie treats. Skip those options and stick to your packed lunch and snacks.
Do not keep your own candy bowl or drawer in your office. If it's hard to keep your hand out of your co-worker's candy jar, avoid walking by their desk or take a different route to your destination.
Don't look into the vending machine. Even with the best intentions, sometimes even glancing at that candy bar might be too tempting to resist. Don't tease yourself and stick to your plan.
1-6. Stay hydrated.
A minimum of eight glasses or 64 oz (2 liters) of clear, sugar-free liquids like water, iced tea or no-calorie flavored waters will help you maintain a healthy diet and body. Often, dehydration feels like hunger and tempts you to snack or eat more than you should.
Monitor the volume of liquids you consume by purchasing a labeled water bottle. This will help you track and achieve your water goal throughout the day.
Even mild dehydration has side effects. Many times, dehydration can cause afternoon fatigue and grogginess. Prevent this by sipping all day long.
Stay away from sodas and sugary drinks. They're very tempting, and can help you stay awake while working, but they are full of empty calories in the form of sugar. If you still need the caffeine, consider coffee or tea with skim milk and limited sweetener.
1-7. Remove temptations from your desk.
Spend some time going through your desk, cubby or locker and remove any treats or tempting foods you may have hidden away. Once all the candy, chips and crackers are gone, you can replace those items with healthier snacks.
Stock up your desk drawer or locker with healthy, shelf-stable snack foods. Low-calorie protein bars, sturdy fruits like apples or portion-controlled bags of nuts are good options to have on hand.
Make a list of healthy snacks you want to have for the week. Then, each weekend, you can shop and prepare your healthy snacks and bring your week's worth each Monday morning.
1-8. Be careful during office parties.
Birthdays and holiday parties often present many opportunities to overindulge, especially if the treats are then left hanging out in the break room all day to tempt you! If the party is a potluck, bring something healthy, like veggies and dip or a big salad. If it's not a potluck, be sure you have your own healthy snacks you can enjoy while socializing. This may help you avoid the cake, cookies, and other high-calorie foods.
2. Adding Physical Activity
2-1. Move every 60 – 90 minutes.
There are a variety of side effects associated with sitting too long — anything from weight gain and back problems to loss of muscle mass and softening of your bones. To prevent these health conditions, move around every hour. Don't let yourself get caught too long at your desk without moving.
Set a timer on your phone or computer to help remind you to move.
Drink lots and lots of water. The more water you drink, the more often you'll be up using the restroom.
Give yourself a goal to get up and move at least five to eight times a day and keep track of your progress each week.
2-2. Count your steps.
Pedometers and fitness bands are a popular ways to monitor how much you step and move throughout the day. Aiming for at least 10,000 steps or about five miles a day may help you lose or maintain your weight and help keep you in shape.
Find ways to walk more throughout your day. For example, take the stairs instead of the elevator, park farther away, get up to deliver a message instead of emailing it or walk to a bathroom further away from your desk.
Download a free app on your phone, purchase an affordable pedometer or spring for a fitness watch or band for a fun way to track your daily steps.
10,000 steps should be your ultimate goal each day. If you're not there yet, creep up on the ultimate goal by setting mini-goals over time. For example, increase your steps by 200, 500, or 1,000 each day until you have met and surpassed the ultimate goal on an ongoing basis.
2-3. Take an exercise break.
You don't need a gym or running shoes to put a little exercise in your day. Try chair exercises and other small exercises you can do comfortably at your desk. Spend 10 – 15 minutes on your lunch break doing doing these activities to help break the routine of sitting and limit the unhealthy effects of sitting so long. There are many sites online that offer ideas for exercising in your chair.
Review your schedule the day before and see if you can fit in just a few minutes of exercise — 10 minutes before a meeting or a 20 minutes during some down time. Schedule it so you remember!
De-stress after a long meeting with a quick yoga routine. It requires little to no equipment and you won't need to worry about getting too sweaty.
Try standing as you type or send emails. Standing is better for your posture and helps engage more muscle groups than sitting.
2-4. Add light cardio to your day.
Take a few minutes daily to increase your heart rate and raise your breathing to a faster pace. Quick cardio moves can help burn calories through your day. In addition, these little sessions can help bring you out of an afternoon slump!
Try taking a walking meeting with a co-worker instead of talking at a desk.
Take walks at lunchtime or before or after work. Get out and walk around the building, or the block. Get some natural sunlight if weather permits. If the weather is crummy, visit the nearest stairwell for a workout.
Run in place at your desk or do a few knee raises or jumping jacks to get your heart rate up.
2-5. Perform strength training exercises.
If you don't have time for a gym trip, add some simple weight lifting exercises to your week. Just two to three days a week is a good goal. Strength training helps build muscle, burn calories and keeps you fit!
Consider buying a small set of weights for bicep curls, lateral raises or shoulder presses. Or find office furniture to help do some isometric activities like wall push-ups, tricep dips from a stable chair or sitting leg raises. Change out your desk chair for a fitness stability ball to help strengthen core muscles.
2-6. Use loading time to keep fit.
If you want to, exercise while waiting for things on the computer to load. Do a couple of squats, bicep curls, or stretches.
2-7. Purchase a treadmill or standing desk.
This is a great option for more activity at work. You can either walk or stand as you do work!
Set a goal for yourself each day. For example, walk 2,000 steps every hour or stand for one hour before sitting for 30 mins.
Ask your office manager or HR department if they'd split the cost with you since these desks can be a little expensive.
3. Setting Up for Long-Term Success
3-1. Find a support group.
No matter what health goal you have, having a support group in place is key for long-term success. Whether it's your spouse, family, friends or co-workers, a support group is made up of your "cheerleaders," who will motivate and encourage your progress.
If friends and family don't jump on your healthy weight loss bandwagon, think about finding an online support group or a local group to meet up with. Email new friends that share your long-term goals.
You can even sign up for diet programs like Weight Watchers just to go to their weekly support group meetings. You'll meet plenty of other dieters on the same mission.
3-2. Create a club at work.
You're probably not the only one in your office that's interested in getting healthier. Find some like-minded co-workers and make a club or group that's focused on weight loss. They'll be a great support and can also help improve the overall office environment. If everyone is trying to eat healthier, there may be less sweet treats hanging around.
Get competitive with your co-workers. See who can get the most steps or pack their lunches the most days in a row! A little friendly competition or a fun prize is always a good motivator.
Your new group can also be great way to get out of the office for a quick lunch break walk. Everyone needs a few minutes away from their desk! Take advantage of this and bring your group outside for a walk.
Swap healthy recipes and meal ideas with your group. Recipe ruts can lead you right back to old habits of eating out. Creating a recipe swap with your weight loss group can help keep things spiced up in the kitchen.
3-3. Set up accountability measures.
It's easy to write up some goals, but it can be difficult to put your new lifestyle changes into practice. Finding ways to stay accountable and measure your progress is essential to long-term success. That means weighing yourself regularly, counting your daily steps, or keeping a food journal (no matter what you eat — even a little bite of something should be recorded!).
Consider what you need for your accountability. Maybe you need to purchase a scale or download a food journal app on your phone. Make sure you have these items in place prior to starting your lifestyle changes.
Telling a friend or family member about your goals is another great method of staying accountable. Knowing that other people are aware of your goals and are aware of your actions can help keep you on track.
3-4. Make changes to your life outside the office.
Even with better eating and snack habits at work, weight gain can come from habits outside of your office as well. Spend some time evaluating your behaviors at home. Do you eat large portions at dinner? Do you typically get takeout or fast food? Do you eat dessert or snacks after dinner? These habits can sabotage the good work you're doing at your office.
Take some time and write out some habits you have at home that might be preventing you from losing weight or contributing to weight gain. Add these to your lifestyle changes at work to make sure you have a well-rounded plan of action.
Apply the same healthy eating habits to your meals and snacks at home. Focus on protein, fruits, vegetables and whole grains as much as possible. Also, make sure your portions are appropriate.
Fit in additional physical activity outside of work. Spend a couple days of the week doing some cardio and two to three days on strength training. Aim for at least 150 minutes of physical activity every week. Even if you move around more at work, if you do not exercise at least 150 minutes per week then weight gain is inevitable.
4. Defining Your Goals
4-1. Calculate your healthy weight.
Look up your BMI using a chart like this one: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/BMI/bmi_tbl.pdf A BMI that is over 25 means you're overweight and weight loss could be beneficial.
Using that same chart, find the weight for your height that would put you into a healthy BMI category for 19 – 24.9. Subtract that healthy weight from your current weight to see about how much weight you should lose.
Speak to your doctor about your weight and weight loss plan to make sure it's a healthy and safe option for you. Ask your doctor for a referral to see a registered dietitian who can help you plan meals, helping you lose weight while making sure you get all the nutrients necessary to stay healthy and energetic.
4-2. Set weight loss goals.
First set your ultimate weight loss goal, like 10 or 25 pounds. Then set smaller goals along the way. For example, you might want to lose 20 pounds in the next three months and you're going to lose 1– 2 pounds each week.
Make sure to set safe, realistic weight loss goals. Weight loss of more than 1 – 2 pounds per week is generally not safe, healthy or sustainable long-term.
Invest in a home scale so you can accurately weigh yourself each day or week.
Make a chart or record where you can track your progress. This will help you stay motivated and accountable to yourself as you go along.
4-3. Set lifestyle goals.
Aside from weight loss, what other health-related goals do you have? Maybe you'd like to drink less soda, exercise more often or eat more fruits and vegetables? Generally, some characteristics about your lifestyle will change in order to lose weight. Goals like these will not only help you lose weight, but also improve your overall health.
Write out each of your goals ensuring they are very specific, realistic and have a time limit. For example, "I'm going to exercise three days a week for 45 minutes for the next three months."
Choose one goal at a time. If you try to change multiple things in your life all at one time, it can be difficult, overwhelming and frustrating. Stick to one or two changes every week or so for long-term success.
Keep a journal to log your successes and challenges. Write about how easy or difficult some of these changes are.
Tips
Buy a fun water bottle with pictures or sayings, to inspire yourself to drink water. Do not fill it with anything other than water; make it special. Your water bottle also cuts down on your use of disposable cups.
Find alternate routes through your office building so you can add steps every day — like a bathroom that is farther away.
Suck on ice cubes during hot weather. Doing so helps to cool you and stops you reaching for candies and soft drinks.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:35",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Choosing Healthy Meals and Snacks\\n1-1. Pack your lunches\\nPacking lunches is a great start to beat office weight gain. It's so easy to fall into the habit of getting takeout, cafeteria food or going to restaurants with friends. But many times those foods are much higher in calories and fat. You can control those factors when you pack your own healthy meal.\\nAlways make sure to pack lunches that have lean protein and fruits or vegetables. The combination of these foods will keep you satisfied throughout your long work day.\\nMake packing your lunches fun. Purchase a new lunch box and small tupperware for convenient packaging.\\nQuicken your morning routine and pack your lunch at night. Whether it's leftovers or a salad, if your lunch is packed at night and ready to go in the morning, you're more likely to bring it with you to work.\\nHealthy packed lunch options can include: spinach salad with grilled chicken, vegetables and vinaigrette dressing; two lettuce wraps with deli meat and sliced cheese and a small piece of fruit; whole wheat wrap with sliced vegetables, avocado and hummus with a small piece of fruit; or homemade chili with shredded cheese, diced onions and avocado.\\n1-2. Choose healthy restaurant options.\\nWhether it's a company meeting or someone's birthday, you'll probably eat out a few times for lunch. Try to stick to healthier options when you're eating out. Remember, restaurant food is generally higher in calories.\\nIf you do eat in a restaurant or cafeteria, look for smaller portions. Do they offer half a sandwich with a salad or cup of soup?\\nLook for the foods that are lower in calories, such as salads.\\nSplit an entree with a friend. This will automatically cut your portion in half and limit the calories you consume. This is also a good idea if you're in the mood for something more indulgent.\\nAsk your server to box up half your entree before it arrives. If it's out of sight, it'll be out of mind.\\nResearch the restaurant and menu prior to arriving. This will help you determine what healthy options are available. Arriving prepared will help keep you from falling for the temptations of specials and help to keep you on track with your healthy eating plan.\\n1-3. Ditch large or carbohydrate-rich meals.\\nBig meals, or ones that are high in carbohydrates like pasta or pizza, can make you feel tired, foggy and groggy — like a \\\"food coma\\\" — in the afternoon. This can trigger more snacking afterwards for a needed jolt of energy.\\nAvoid the afternoon slump by skipping these larger meals and sticking to your healthier packed lunch.\\nStill feeling tired after lunch? Take a quick walk to wake you up! This will revitalize your brain without the extra snack calories.\\n1-4. Snack healthy.\\nYou will need a snack once in awhile, especially if you work long hours or there's more than four to five hours between any two of your meals. If you can't rely on healthy vending machine choices, pack your own snacks. That way, you won't be tempted by sugary treats!\\nSnacks should always contain protein and a fruit or vegetable. This power team gives you the needed energy and fuel to keep you going through your busy day.\\nSnacks should also be \\\"snack\\\" sized, not a mini meal. Stick with pre-portioned snacks or give yourself a calorie limit like 200 calories per snack.\\nHealthy snack options include things like: carrots and hummus, a low-fat cheese stick and an apple, celery sticks with peanut butter or low-fat yogurt with fruit.\\n1-5. Skip the candy bowl.\\nCandy bowls, vending machines and break rooms can be loaded with tempting sweets and other high calorie treats. Skip those options and stick to your packed lunch and snacks.\\nDo not keep your own candy bowl or drawer in your office. If it's hard to keep your hand out of your co-worker's candy jar, avoid walking by their desk or take a different route to your destination.\\nDon't look into the vending machine. Even with the best intentions, sometimes even glancing at that candy bar might be too tempting to resist. Don't tease yourself and stick to your plan.\\n1-6. Stay hydrated.\\nA minimum of eight glasses or 64 oz (2 liters) of clear, sugar-free liquids like water, iced tea or no-calorie flavored waters will help you maintain a healthy diet and body. Often, dehydration feels like hunger and tempts you to snack or eat more than you should. \\nMonitor the volume of liquids you consume by purchasing a labeled water bottle. This will help you track and achieve your water goal throughout the day.\\nEven mild dehydration has side effects. Many times, dehydration can cause afternoon fatigue and grogginess. Prevent this by sipping all day long.\\nStay away from sodas and sugary drinks. They're very tempting, and can help you stay awake while working, but they are full of empty calories in the form of sugar. If you still need the caffeine, consider coffee or tea with skim milk and limited sweetener.\\n1-7. Remove temptations from your desk.\\nSpend some time going through your desk, cubby or locker and remove any treats or tempting foods you may have hidden away. Once all the candy, chips and crackers are gone, you can replace those items with healthier snacks.\\nStock up your desk drawer or locker with healthy, shelf-stable snack foods. Low-calorie protein bars, sturdy fruits like apples or portion-controlled bags of nuts are good options to have on hand.\\nMake a list of healthy snacks you want to have for the week. Then, each weekend, you can shop and prepare your healthy snacks and bring your week's worth each Monday morning.\\n1-8. Be careful during office parties.\\nBirthdays and holiday parties often present many opportunities to overindulge, especially if the treats are then left hanging out in the break room all day to tempt you! If the party is a potluck, bring something healthy, like veggies and dip or a big salad. If it's not a potluck, be sure you have your own healthy snacks you can enjoy while socializing. This may help you avoid the cake, cookies, and other high-calorie foods.\\n2. Adding Physical Activity\\n2-1. Move every 60 – 90 minutes.\\nThere are a variety of side effects associated with sitting too long — anything from weight gain and back problems to loss of muscle mass and softening of your bones. To prevent these health conditions, move around every hour. Don't let yourself get caught too long at your desk without moving.\\nSet a timer on your phone or computer to help remind you to move.\\nDrink lots and lots of water. The more water you drink, the more often you'll be up using the restroom.\\nGive yourself a goal to get up and move at least five to eight times a day and keep track of your progress each week.\\n2-2. Count your steps.\\nPedometers and fitness bands are a popular ways to monitor how much you step and move throughout the day. Aiming for at least 10,000 steps or about five miles a day may help you lose or maintain your weight and help keep you in shape.\\nFind ways to walk more throughout your day. For example, take the stairs instead of the elevator, park farther away, get up to deliver a message instead of emailing it or walk to a bathroom further away from your desk.\\nDownload a free app on your phone, purchase an affordable pedometer or spring for a fitness watch or band for a fun way to track your daily steps.\\n10,000 steps should be your ultimate goal each day. If you're not there yet, creep up on the ultimate goal by setting mini-goals over time. For example, increase your steps by 200, 500, or 1,000 each day until you have met and surpassed the ultimate goal on an ongoing basis.\\n2-3. Take an exercise break.\\nYou don't need a gym or running shoes to put a little exercise in your day. Try chair exercises and other small exercises you can do comfortably at your desk. Spend 10 – 15 minutes on your lunch break doing doing these activities to help break the routine of sitting and limit the unhealthy effects of sitting so long. There are many sites online that offer ideas for exercising in your chair.\\nReview your schedule the day before and see if you can fit in just a few minutes of exercise — 10 minutes before a meeting or a 20 minutes during some down time. Schedule it so you remember!\\nDe-stress after a long meeting with a quick yoga routine. It requires little to no equipment and you won't need to worry about getting too sweaty.\\nTry standing as you type or send emails. Standing is better for your posture and helps engage more muscle groups than sitting.\\n2-4. Add light cardio to your day.\\nTake a few minutes daily to increase your heart rate and raise your breathing to a faster pace. Quick cardio moves can help burn calories through your day. In addition, these little sessions can help bring you out of an afternoon slump!\\nTry taking a walking meeting with a co-worker instead of talking at a desk.\\nTake walks at lunchtime or before or after work. Get out and walk around the building, or the block. Get some natural sunlight if weather permits. If the weather is crummy, visit the nearest stairwell for a workout.\\nRun in place at your desk or do a few knee raises or jumping jacks to get your heart rate up.\\n2-5. Perform strength training exercises.\\nIf you don't have time for a gym trip, add some simple weight lifting exercises to your week. Just two to three days a week is a good goal. Strength training helps build muscle, burn calories and keeps you fit!\\nConsider buying a small set of weights for bicep curls, lateral raises or shoulder presses. Or find office furniture to help do some isometric activities like wall push-ups, tricep dips from a stable chair or sitting leg raises. Change out your desk chair for a fitness stability ball to help strengthen core muscles.\\n2-6. Use loading time to keep fit.\\nIf you want to, exercise while waiting for things on the computer to load. Do a couple of squats, bicep curls, or stretches.\\n2-7. Purchase a treadmill or standing desk.\\nThis is a great option for more activity at work. You can either walk or stand as you do work!\\nSet a goal for yourself each day. For example, walk 2,000 steps every hour or stand for one hour before sitting for 30 mins.\\nAsk your office manager or HR department if they'd split the cost with you since these desks can be a little expensive.\\n3. Setting Up for Long-Term Success\\n3-1. Find a support group.\\nNo matter what health goal you have, having a support group in place is key for long-term success. Whether it's your spouse, family, friends or co-workers, a support group is made up of your \\\"cheerleaders,\\\" who will motivate and encourage your progress.\\nIf friends and family don't jump on your healthy weight loss bandwagon, think about finding an online support group or a local group to meet up with. Email new friends that share your long-term goals.\\nYou can even sign up for diet programs like Weight Watchers just to go to their weekly support group meetings. You'll meet plenty of other dieters on the same mission.\\n3-2. Create a club at work.\\nYou're probably not the only one in your office that's interested in getting healthier. Find some like-minded co-workers and make a club or group that's focused on weight loss. They'll be a great support and can also help improve the overall office environment. If everyone is trying to eat healthier, there may be less sweet treats hanging around.\\nGet competitive with your co-workers. See who can get the most steps or pack their lunches the most days in a row! A little friendly competition or a fun prize is always a good motivator.\\nYour new group can also be great way to get out of the office for a quick lunch break walk. Everyone needs a few minutes away from their desk! Take advantage of this and bring your group outside for a walk.\\nSwap healthy recipes and meal ideas with your group. Recipe ruts can lead you right back to old habits of eating out. Creating a recipe swap with your weight loss group can help keep things spiced up in the kitchen.\\n3-3. Set up accountability measures.\\nIt's easy to write up some goals, but it can be difficult to put your new lifestyle changes into practice. Finding ways to stay accountable and measure your progress is essential to long-term success. That means weighing yourself regularly, counting your daily steps, or keeping a food journal (no matter what you eat — even a little bite of something should be recorded!).\\nConsider what you need for your accountability. Maybe you need to purchase a scale or download a food journal app on your phone. Make sure you have these items in place prior to starting your lifestyle changes.\\nTelling a friend or family member about your goals is another great method of staying accountable. Knowing that other people are aware of your goals and are aware of your actions can help keep you on track.\\n3-4. Make changes to your life outside the office.\\nEven with better eating and snack habits at work, weight gain can come from habits outside of your office as well. Spend some time evaluating your behaviors at home. Do you eat large portions at dinner? Do you typically get takeout or fast food? Do you eat dessert or snacks after dinner? These habits can sabotage the good work you're doing at your office.\\nTake some time and write out some habits you have at home that might be preventing you from losing weight or contributing to weight gain. Add these to your lifestyle changes at work to make sure you have a well-rounded plan of action.\\nApply the same healthy eating habits to your meals and snacks at home. Focus on protein, fruits, vegetables and whole grains as much as possible. Also, make sure your portions are appropriate.\\nFit in additional physical activity outside of work. Spend a couple days of the week doing some cardio and two to three days on strength training. Aim for at least 150 minutes of physical activity every week. Even if you move around more at work, if you do not exercise at least 150 minutes per week then weight gain is inevitable.\\n4. Defining Your Goals\\n4-1. Calculate your healthy weight.\\nLook up your BMI using a chart like this one: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/BMI/bmi_tbl.pdf A BMI that is over 25 means you're overweight and weight loss could be beneficial.\\nUsing that same chart, find the weight for your height that would put you into a healthy BMI category for 19 – 24.9. Subtract that healthy weight from your current weight to see about how much weight you should lose.\\nSpeak to your doctor about your weight and weight loss plan to make sure it's a healthy and safe option for you. Ask your doctor for a referral to see a registered dietitian who can help you plan meals, helping you lose weight while making sure you get all the nutrients necessary to stay healthy and energetic.\\n4-2. Set weight loss goals.\\nFirst set your ultimate weight loss goal, like 10 or 25 pounds. Then set smaller goals along the way. For example, you might want to lose 20 pounds in the next three months and you're going to lose 1– 2 pounds each week.\\nMake sure to set safe, realistic weight loss goals. Weight loss of more than 1 – 2 pounds per week is generally not safe, healthy or sustainable long-term.\\nInvest in a home scale so you can accurately weigh yourself each day or week.\\nMake a chart or record where you can track your progress. This will help you stay motivated and accountable to yourself as you go along.\\n4-3. Set lifestyle goals.\\nAside from weight loss, what other health-related goals do you have? Maybe you'd like to drink less soda, exercise more often or eat more fruits and vegetables? Generally, some characteristics about your lifestyle will change in order to lose weight. Goals like these will not only help you lose weight, but also improve your overall health.\\nWrite out each of your goals ensuring they are very specific, realistic and have a time limit. For example, \\\"I'm going to exercise three days a week for 45 minutes for the next three months.\\\"\\nChoose one goal at a time. If you try to change multiple things in your life all at one time, it can be difficult, overwhelming and frustrating. Stick to one or two changes every week or so for long-term success.\\nKeep a journal to log your successes and challenges. Write about how easy or difficult some of these changes are.\\nTips\\nBuy a fun water bottle with pictures or sayings, to inspire yourself to drink water. Do not fill it with anything other than water; make it special. Your water bottle also cuts down on your use of disposable cups.\\nFind alternate routes through your office building so you can add steps every day — like a bathroom that is farther away.\\nSuck on ice cubes during hot weather. Doing so helps to cool you and stops you reaching for candies and soft drinks.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Office workers, especially those with a desk job, spend most of the day sitting down working at a computer. It can be very easy to gain weight in an environment where you're expected to sit still for anywhere from eight to nine hours a day. There are some steps you can take to avoid gaining weight while working a desk job, and perhaps lose some weight you've already gained.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choosing Healthy Meals and Snacks\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pack your lunches\", \"描述\": \"Packing lunches is a great start to beat office weight gain. It's so easy to fall into the habit of getting takeout, cafeteria food or going to restaurants with friends. But many times those foods are much higher in calories and fat. You can control those factors when you pack your own healthy meal.\\nAlways make sure to pack lunches that have lean protein and fruits or vegetables. The combination of these foods will keep you satisfied throughout your long work day.\\nMake packing your lunches fun. Purchase a new lunch box and small tupperware for convenient packaging.\\nQuicken your morning routine and pack your lunch at night. Whether it's leftovers or a salad, if your lunch is packed at night and ready to go in the morning, you're more likely to bring it with you to work.\\nHealthy packed lunch options can include: spinach salad with grilled chicken, vegetables and vinaigrette dressing; two lettuce wraps with deli meat and sliced cheese and a small piece of fruit; whole wheat wrap with sliced vegetables, avocado and hummus with a small piece of fruit; or homemade chili with shredded cheese, diced onions and avocado.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose healthy restaurant options.\", \"描述\": \"Whether it's a company meeting or someone's birthday, you'll probably eat out a few times for lunch. Try to stick to healthier options when you're eating out. Remember, restaurant food is generally higher in calories.\\nIf you do eat in a restaurant or cafeteria, look for smaller portions. Do they offer half a sandwich with a salad or cup of soup?\\nLook for the foods that are lower in calories, such as salads.\\nSplit an entree with a friend. This will automatically cut your portion in half and limit the calories you consume. This is also a good idea if you're in the mood for something more indulgent.\\nAsk your server to box up half your entree before it arrives. If it's out of sight, it'll be out of mind.\\nResearch the restaurant and menu prior to arriving. This will help you determine what healthy options are available. Arriving prepared will help keep you from falling for the temptations of specials and help to keep you on track with your healthy eating plan.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ditch large or carbohydrate-rich meals.\", \"描述\": \"Big meals, or ones that are high in carbohydrates like pasta or pizza, can make you feel tired, foggy and groggy — like a \\\"food coma\\\" — in the afternoon. This can trigger more snacking afterwards for a needed jolt of energy.\\nAvoid the afternoon slump by skipping these larger meals and sticking to your healthier packed lunch.\\nStill feeling tired after lunch? Take a quick walk to wake you up! This will revitalize your brain without the extra snack calories.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Snack healthy.\", \"描述\": \"You will need a snack once in awhile, especially if you work long hours or there's more than four to five hours between any two of your meals. If you can't rely on healthy vending machine choices, pack your own snacks. That way, you won't be tempted by sugary treats!\\nSnacks should always contain protein and a fruit or vegetable. This power team gives you the needed energy and fuel to keep you going through your busy day.\\nSnacks should also be \\\"snack\\\" sized, not a mini meal. Stick with pre-portioned snacks or give yourself a calorie limit like 200 calories per snack.\\nHealthy snack options include things like: carrots and hummus, a low-fat cheese stick and an apple, celery sticks with peanut butter or low-fat yogurt with fruit.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Skip the candy bowl.\", \"描述\": \"Candy bowls, vending machines and break rooms can be loaded with tempting sweets and other high calorie treats. Skip those options and stick to your packed lunch and snacks.\\nDo not keep your own candy bowl or drawer in your office. If it's hard to keep your hand out of your co-worker's candy jar, avoid walking by their desk or take a different route to your destination.\\nDon't look into the vending machine. Even with the best intentions, sometimes even glancing at that candy bar might be too tempting to resist. Don't tease yourself and stick to your plan.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Stay hydrated.\", \"描述\": \"A minimum of eight glasses or 64 oz (2 liters) of clear, sugar-free liquids like water, iced tea or no-calorie flavored waters will help you maintain a healthy diet and body. Often, dehydration feels like hunger and tempts you to snack or eat more than you should. \\nMonitor the volume of liquids you consume by purchasing a labeled water bottle. This will help you track and achieve your water goal throughout the day.\\nEven mild dehydration has side effects. Many times, dehydration can cause afternoon fatigue and grogginess. Prevent this by sipping all day long.\\nStay away from sodas and sugary drinks. They're very tempting, and can help you stay awake while working, but they are full of empty calories in the form of sugar. If you still need the caffeine, consider coffee or tea with skim milk and limited sweetener.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Remove temptations from your desk.\", \"描述\": \"Spend some time going through your desk, cubby or locker and remove any treats or tempting foods you may have hidden away. Once all the candy, chips and crackers are gone, you can replace those items with healthier snacks.\\nStock up your desk drawer or locker with healthy, shelf-stable snack foods. Low-calorie protein bars, sturdy fruits like apples or portion-controlled bags of nuts are good options to have on hand.\\nMake a list of healthy snacks you want to have for the week. Then, each weekend, you can shop and prepare your healthy snacks and bring your week's worth each Monday morning.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Be careful during office parties.\", \"描述\": \"Birthdays and holiday parties often present many opportunities to overindulge, especially if the treats are then left hanging out in the break room all day to tempt you! If the party is a potluck, bring something healthy, like veggies and dip or a big salad. If it's not a potluck, be sure you have your own healthy snacks you can enjoy while socializing. This may help you avoid the cake, cookies, and other high-calorie foods.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adding Physical Activity\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Move every 60 – 90 minutes.\", \"描述\": \"There are a variety of side effects associated with sitting too long — anything from weight gain and back problems to loss of muscle mass and softening of your bones. To prevent these health conditions, move around every hour. Don't let yourself get caught too long at your desk without moving.\\nSet a timer on your phone or computer to help remind you to move.\\nDrink lots and lots of water. The more water you drink, the more often you'll be up using the restroom.\\nGive yourself a goal to get up and move at least five to eight times a day and keep track of your progress each week.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Count your steps.\", \"描述\": \"Pedometers and fitness bands are a popular ways to monitor how much you step and move throughout the day. Aiming for at least 10,000 steps or about five miles a day may help you lose or maintain your weight and help keep you in shape.\\nFind ways to walk more throughout your day. For example, take the stairs instead of the elevator, park farther away, get up to deliver a message instead of emailing it or walk to a bathroom further away from your desk.\\nDownload a free app on your phone, purchase an affordable pedometer or spring for a fitness watch or band for a fun way to track your daily steps.\\n10,000 steps should be your ultimate goal each day. If you're not there yet, creep up on the ultimate goal by setting mini-goals over time. For example, increase your steps by 200, 500, or 1,000 each day until you have met and surpassed the ultimate goal on an ongoing basis.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take an exercise break.\", \"描述\": \"You don't need a gym or running shoes to put a little exercise in your day. Try chair exercises and other small exercises you can do comfortably at your desk. Spend 10 – 15 minutes on your lunch break doing doing these activities to help break the routine of sitting and limit the unhealthy effects of sitting so long. There are many sites online that offer ideas for exercising in your chair.\\nReview your schedule the day before and see if you can fit in just a few minutes of exercise — 10 minutes before a meeting or a 20 minutes during some down time. Schedule it so you remember!\\nDe-stress after a long meeting with a quick yoga routine. It requires little to no equipment and you won't need to worry about getting too sweaty.\\nTry standing as you type or send emails. Standing is better for your posture and helps engage more muscle groups than sitting.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Add light cardio to your day.\", \"描述\": \"Take a few minutes daily to increase your heart rate and raise your breathing to a faster pace. Quick cardio moves can help burn calories through your day. In addition, these little sessions can help bring you out of an afternoon slump!\\nTry taking a walking meeting with a co-worker instead of talking at a desk.\\nTake walks at lunchtime or before or after work. Get out and walk around the building, or the block. Get some natural sunlight if weather permits. If the weather is crummy, visit the nearest stairwell for a workout.\\nRun in place at your desk or do a few knee raises or jumping jacks to get your heart rate up.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Perform strength training exercises.\", \"描述\": \"If you don't have time for a gym trip, add some simple weight lifting exercises to your week. Just two to three days a week is a good goal. Strength training helps build muscle, burn calories and keeps you fit!\\nConsider buying a small set of weights for bicep curls, lateral raises or shoulder presses. Or find office furniture to help do some isometric activities like wall push-ups, tricep dips from a stable chair or sitting leg raises. Change out your desk chair for a fitness stability ball to help strengthen core muscles.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Use loading time to keep fit.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to, exercise while waiting for things on the computer to load. Do a couple of squats, bicep curls, or stretches.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Purchase a treadmill or standing desk.\", \"描述\": \"This is a great option for more activity at work. You can either walk or stand as you do work!\\nSet a goal for yourself each day. For example, walk 2,000 steps every hour or stand for one hour before sitting for 30 mins.\\nAsk your office manager or HR department if they'd split the cost with you since these desks can be a little expensive.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Setting Up for Long-Term Success\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find a support group.\", \"描述\": \"No matter what health goal you have, having a support group in place is key for long-term success. Whether it's your spouse, family, friends or co-workers, a support group is made up of your \\\"cheerleaders,\\\" who will motivate and encourage your progress.\\nIf friends and family don't jump on your healthy weight loss bandwagon, think about finding an online support group or a local group to meet up with. Email new friends that share your long-term goals.\\nYou can even sign up for diet programs like Weight Watchers just to go to their weekly support group meetings. You'll meet plenty of other dieters on the same mission.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Create a club at work.\", \"描述\": \"You're probably not the only one in your office that's interested in getting healthier. Find some like-minded co-workers and make a club or group that's focused on weight loss. They'll be a great support and can also help improve the overall office environment. If everyone is trying to eat healthier, there may be less sweet treats hanging around.\\nGet competitive with your co-workers. See who can get the most steps or pack their lunches the most days in a row! A little friendly competition or a fun prize is always a good motivator.\\nYour new group can also be great way to get out of the office for a quick lunch break walk. Everyone needs a few minutes away from their desk! Take advantage of this and bring your group outside for a walk.\\nSwap healthy recipes and meal ideas with your group. Recipe ruts can lead you right back to old habits of eating out. Creating a recipe swap with your weight loss group can help keep things spiced up in the kitchen.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set up accountability measures.\", \"描述\": \"It's easy to write up some goals, but it can be difficult to put your new lifestyle changes into practice. Finding ways to stay accountable and measure your progress is essential to long-term success. That means weighing yourself regularly, counting your daily steps, or keeping a food journal (no matter what you eat — even a little bite of something should be recorded!).\\nConsider what you need for your accountability. Maybe you need to purchase a scale or download a food journal app on your phone. Make sure you have these items in place prior to starting your lifestyle changes.\\nTelling a friend or family member about your goals is another great method of staying accountable. Knowing that other people are aware of your goals and are aware of your actions can help keep you on track.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make changes to your life outside the office.\", \"描述\": \"Even with better eating and snack habits at work, weight gain can come from habits outside of your office as well. Spend some time evaluating your behaviors at home. Do you eat large portions at dinner? Do you typically get takeout or fast food? Do you eat dessert or snacks after dinner? These habits can sabotage the good work you're doing at your office.\\nTake some time and write out some habits you have at home that might be preventing you from losing weight or contributing to weight gain. Add these to your lifestyle changes at work to make sure you have a well-rounded plan of action.\\nApply the same healthy eating habits to your meals and snacks at home. Focus on protein, fruits, vegetables and whole grains as much as possible. Also, make sure your portions are appropriate.\\nFit in additional physical activity outside of work. Spend a couple days of the week doing some cardio and two to three days on strength training. Aim for at least 150 minutes of physical activity every week. Even if you move around more at work, if you do not exercise at least 150 minutes per week then weight gain is inevitable.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Defining Your Goals\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Calculate your healthy weight.\", \"描述\": \"Look up your BMI using a chart like this one: https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/educational/lose_wt/BMI/bmi_tbl.pdf A BMI that is over 25 means you're overweight and weight loss could be beneficial.\\nUsing that same chart, find the weight for your height that would put you into a healthy BMI category for 19 – 24.9. Subtract that healthy weight from your current weight to see about how much weight you should lose.\\nSpeak to your doctor about your weight and weight loss plan to make sure it's a healthy and safe option for you. Ask your doctor for a referral to see a registered dietitian who can help you plan meals, helping you lose weight while making sure you get all the nutrients necessary to stay healthy and energetic.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set weight loss goals.\", \"描述\": \"First set your ultimate weight loss goal, like 10 or 25 pounds. Then set smaller goals along the way. For example, you might want to lose 20 pounds in the next three months and you're going to lose 1– 2 pounds each week.\\nMake sure to set safe, realistic weight loss goals. Weight loss of more than 1 – 2 pounds per week is generally not safe, healthy or sustainable long-term.\\nInvest in a home scale so you can accurately weigh yourself each day or week.\\nMake a chart or record where you can track your progress. This will help you stay motivated and accountable to yourself as you go along.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set lifestyle goals.\", \"描述\": \"Aside from weight loss, what other health-related goals do you have? Maybe you'd like to drink less soda, exercise more often or eat more fruits and vegetables? Generally, some characteristics about your lifestyle will change in order to lose weight. Goals like these will not only help you lose weight, but also improve your overall health.\\nWrite out each of your goals ensuring they are very specific, realistic and have a time limit. For example, \\\"I'm going to exercise three days a week for 45 minutes for the next three months.\\\"\\nChoose one goal at a time. If you try to change multiple things in your life all at one time, it can be difficult, overwhelming and frustrating. Stick to one or two changes every week or so for long-term success.\\nKeep a journal to log your successes and challenges. Write about how easy or difficult some of these changes are.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Buy a fun water bottle with pictures or sayings, to inspire yourself to drink water. Do not fill it with anything other than water; make it special. Your water bottle also cuts down on your use of disposable cups.\\n\", \"Find alternate routes through your office building so you can add steps every day — like a bathroom that is farther away.\\n\", \"Suck on ice cubes during hot weather. Doing so helps to cool you and stops you reaching for candies and soft drinks.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,244 | How to Avoid Weight Loss Headaches | 1. Sticking to a Healthy Eating Schedule
1-1. Enjoy breakfast
Don’t equate losing weight with skipping meals. You can actually hamper your progress if you don’t eat regularly. Start your day off right by eating a healthy breakfast. It can rev up your metabolism, which can help you lose weight. Choose from healthy options such as:
Egg whites and veggies
Whole grain toast with avocado
Smoothies with fresh fruits and veggies
Protein-packed Greek yogurt
1-2. Eat small, healthy meals to keep your blood sugar level.
Headaches can happen when your blood sugar dips too low; that’s especially common if you don’t eat regularly. To prevent headaches, aim to eat 4-5 small meals per day. Alternatively, you can eat 3 meals with healthy snacks in between. The key is to make sure that you make healthy choices for each meal and snack.
Aim to get several servings of fresh fruits and vegetables each day.
Choose healthy proteins, such as nuts, lean meats, and legumes.
A healthy snack might be carrot sticks, a small serving of hummus, and a hard-boiled egg.
A good dinner could be a mixed green salad, grilled fish, and sweet potato.
1-3. Plan meals ahead of time to avoid temptation.
If you wait until you’re really hungry to eat, you might develop a headache. That can cause you to feel cranky, and you’ll find yourself reaching for comfort food instead of making healthy choices. Planning ahead of time can also ensure that you have easy access to healthy food.
Try sitting down during the weekend and planning your meals and snacks. You can also do as much prep work as you can to make the week run smoothly.
For example, try cooking up a healthy batch of soup on Sunday and portioning that into lunches for the week. You could also wash and cut up all of the fresh fruits and vegetables that you will need for the next few days.
1-4. Prioritize proteins and healthy fats over carbs.
Carbohydrates can be high in sugars, which can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). To avoid headaches brought on by this, make sure to fill most of your plate with lean proteins and healthy fats. You can save a small portion of your calories for complex carbs, like whole-grain bread, quinoa, and brown rice.
Eating simple carbs can raise your blood sugar. That, in turn, can cause your body to rapidly produce a lot of insulin, which can then cause your blood sugar to drop very quickly.
Make sure that each meal and snack includes a protein, such as eggs, low-fat dairy products, chicken, or fish.
Include a healthy fat every time you eat. Good choices include nut butter, avocados, olive oil, and chia seeds.
1-5. Skip late-night snacks.
Although it is important to eat frequently, your body needs to give your digestive system a rest. Aim to eat your last meal or snack at night 14-16 hours before you eat breakfast in the morning.
When you eat later in the evening, your body doesn't have time to fully digest your food before resting. You might not sleep as well, which can cause headaches the next day.
For example, if you eat breakfast at 8 a.m., try not to eat after 6 p.m. at night.
2. Avoiding Substances and Foods that Trigger Headaches
2-1. Cut back on processed foods.
Some evidence suggests that processed foods might be linked to headaches. If you let yourself get too hungry, or you don’t have healthy food available, it’s all too easy to grab processed foods to satiate yourself. Avoid the risk of processed food headaches by eating regular healthy meals and snacks. Avoid processed foods like:
Lunch meats and hot dogs
Packaged soups
Sodas and other sugary beverages
2-2. Choose healthy eating instead of fad diets.
Fad diets often restrict certain foods or groups of foods. For example, the popular Keto diet might strictly limit the amount of healthy carbs you eat. Other diets, like juice cleanses, might keep you from getting enough protein. In order to avoid headaches, you need to eat a balanced diet.
Fad diets might also limit you to eating once or twice a day. That can lead to headaches.
Eat multiple small meals that are full of veggies, healthy fats, and lean proteins.
2-3. Talk to your doctor before taking weight loss supplements.
Many popular diet pills have ingredients, like conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), that can trigger headaches. Consult your doctor before trying any supplements. They can help you figure out which, if any, are safe for you to use.
It is generally best to rely on a healthy diet and exercise for weight loss. Your doctor can help you find a plan that works for you.
2-4. Use caution when drinking alcohol.
It’s best not to drink too much in any case, but it is especially important when you’re trying to lose weight. Not only does alcohol contain empty calories, but you can also get a headache if you drink too much on an empty stomach. If you choose to drink, stick to 1 drink. After that, you can switch to club soda or plain water.
3. Making Lifestyle Changes to Promote Weight Loss
3-1. Drink enough water to stay hydrated.
Dehydration can cause headaches, so avoid that by drinking plenty of water every day. Drinking water can also promote weight loss, as it can help you feel full without overeating. Individual needs vary, but in general, aim to drink:
15.5 cups (3.7 liters) for men
11.5 cups (2.7 liters) for women
Drink more if you are exercising or outside in warm weather
3-2. Get a good night’s sleep
Lack of sleep can cause headaches and other health issues. It might also make you cranky and more likely to reach for unhealthy food choices. Aim to get 7-9 hours of sleep per night. Make it your goal to go to bed and get up at the same time each day, even on weekends.
Power down electronics at least 1 hour before bedtime.
To relax, try taking a warm shower or reading a chapter of a book.
3-3. Try to exercise each day.
Not only does exercise promote weight loss, but it is also linked to reducing headaches. Aim to get at least 30 minutes of exercise each day. Choose an activity that you enjoy, such as hiking, swimming, or dancing. You can add more time to your routine as you become stronger.
Don’t push yourself too hard during your workouts. If you try to jump right into an intense exercise routine, you risk straining your body. That can lead to dehydration and headaches. Talk to your doctor about an exercise program that is right for you.
3-4. Relax to reduce stress and tension headaches.
Trying to lose weight can be really stressful. To avoid the headaches that can go along with stress, take time to do something relaxing each day. You might:
Practice yoga
Take a long walk
Spend time with a pet
Get together with a friend
Tips
Talk to your doctor about a healthy weight for you.
Consult a nutritionist to learn more about healthy foods and good eating habits.
Don’t deny yourself all of your favorite foods. Just pick smaller portions.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:35",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Sticking to a Healthy Eating Schedule\\n1-1. Enjoy breakfast\\nDon’t equate losing weight with skipping meals. You can actually hamper your progress if you don’t eat regularly. Start your day off right by eating a healthy breakfast. It can rev up your metabolism, which can help you lose weight. Choose from healthy options such as:\\nEgg whites and veggies\\nWhole grain toast with avocado\\nSmoothies with fresh fruits and veggies\\nProtein-packed Greek yogurt\\n1-2. Eat small, healthy meals to keep your blood sugar level.\\nHeadaches can happen when your blood sugar dips too low; that’s especially common if you don’t eat regularly. To prevent headaches, aim to eat 4-5 small meals per day. Alternatively, you can eat 3 meals with healthy snacks in between. The key is to make sure that you make healthy choices for each meal and snack.\\nAim to get several servings of fresh fruits and vegetables each day.\\nChoose healthy proteins, such as nuts, lean meats, and legumes.\\nA healthy snack might be carrot sticks, a small serving of hummus, and a hard-boiled egg.\\nA good dinner could be a mixed green salad, grilled fish, and sweet potato.\\n1-3. Plan meals ahead of time to avoid temptation.\\nIf you wait until you’re really hungry to eat, you might develop a headache. That can cause you to feel cranky, and you’ll find yourself reaching for comfort food instead of making healthy choices. Planning ahead of time can also ensure that you have easy access to healthy food.\\nTry sitting down during the weekend and planning your meals and snacks. You can also do as much prep work as you can to make the week run smoothly.\\nFor example, try cooking up a healthy batch of soup on Sunday and portioning that into lunches for the week. You could also wash and cut up all of the fresh fruits and vegetables that you will need for the next few days.\\n1-4. Prioritize proteins and healthy fats over carbs.\\nCarbohydrates can be high in sugars, which can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). To avoid headaches brought on by this, make sure to fill most of your plate with lean proteins and healthy fats. You can save a small portion of your calories for complex carbs, like whole-grain bread, quinoa, and brown rice. \\nEating simple carbs can raise your blood sugar. That, in turn, can cause your body to rapidly produce a lot of insulin, which can then cause your blood sugar to drop very quickly.\\nMake sure that each meal and snack includes a protein, such as eggs, low-fat dairy products, chicken, or fish.\\nInclude a healthy fat every time you eat. Good choices include nut butter, avocados, olive oil, and chia seeds.\\n1-5. Skip late-night snacks.\\nAlthough it is important to eat frequently, your body needs to give your digestive system a rest. Aim to eat your last meal or snack at night 14-16 hours before you eat breakfast in the morning.\\nWhen you eat later in the evening, your body doesn't have time to fully digest your food before resting. You might not sleep as well, which can cause headaches the next day.\\nFor example, if you eat breakfast at 8 a.m., try not to eat after 6 p.m. at night.\\n2. Avoiding Substances and Foods that Trigger Headaches\\n2-1. Cut back on processed foods.\\nSome evidence suggests that processed foods might be linked to headaches. If you let yourself get too hungry, or you don’t have healthy food available, it’s all too easy to grab processed foods to satiate yourself. Avoid the risk of processed food headaches by eating regular healthy meals and snacks. Avoid processed foods like:\\nLunch meats and hot dogs\\nPackaged soups\\nSodas and other sugary beverages\\n2-2. Choose healthy eating instead of fad diets.\\nFad diets often restrict certain foods or groups of foods. For example, the popular Keto diet might strictly limit the amount of healthy carbs you eat. Other diets, like juice cleanses, might keep you from getting enough protein. In order to avoid headaches, you need to eat a balanced diet.\\nFad diets might also limit you to eating once or twice a day. That can lead to headaches.\\nEat multiple small meals that are full of veggies, healthy fats, and lean proteins.\\n2-3. Talk to your doctor before taking weight loss supplements.\\nMany popular diet pills have ingredients, like conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), that can trigger headaches. Consult your doctor before trying any supplements. They can help you figure out which, if any, are safe for you to use.\\nIt is generally best to rely on a healthy diet and exercise for weight loss. Your doctor can help you find a plan that works for you.\\n2-4. Use caution when drinking alcohol.\\nIt’s best not to drink too much in any case, but it is especially important when you’re trying to lose weight. Not only does alcohol contain empty calories, but you can also get a headache if you drink too much on an empty stomach. If you choose to drink, stick to 1 drink. After that, you can switch to club soda or plain water.\\n3. Making Lifestyle Changes to Promote Weight Loss\\n3-1. Drink enough water to stay hydrated.\\nDehydration can cause headaches, so avoid that by drinking plenty of water every day. Drinking water can also promote weight loss, as it can help you feel full without overeating. Individual needs vary, but in general, aim to drink:\\n15.5 cups (3.7 liters) for men\\n11.5 cups (2.7 liters) for women\\nDrink more if you are exercising or outside in warm weather\\n3-2. Get a good night’s sleep\\nLack of sleep can cause headaches and other health issues. It might also make you cranky and more likely to reach for unhealthy food choices. Aim to get 7-9 hours of sleep per night. Make it your goal to go to bed and get up at the same time each day, even on weekends.\\nPower down electronics at least 1 hour before bedtime.\\nTo relax, try taking a warm shower or reading a chapter of a book.\\n3-3. Try to exercise each day.\\nNot only does exercise promote weight loss, but it is also linked to reducing headaches. Aim to get at least 30 minutes of exercise each day. Choose an activity that you enjoy, such as hiking, swimming, or dancing. You can add more time to your routine as you become stronger.\\nDon’t push yourself too hard during your workouts. If you try to jump right into an intense exercise routine, you risk straining your body. That can lead to dehydration and headaches. Talk to your doctor about an exercise program that is right for you.\\n3-4. Relax to reduce stress and tension headaches.\\nTrying to lose weight can be really stressful. To avoid the headaches that can go along with stress, take time to do something relaxing each day. You might:\\nPractice yoga\\nTake a long walk\\nSpend time with a pet\\nGet together with a friend\\nTips\\nTalk to your doctor about a healthy weight for you.\\nConsult a nutritionist to learn more about healthy foods and good eating habits.\\nDon’t deny yourself all of your favorite foods. Just pick smaller portions.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Losing weight can be challenging, especially if you start to feel side-effects from your efforts. A lot of people who cut back on calories experience headaches. If that’s a problem for you, take a look at your eating habits. You can prevent weight loss headaches by never skipping meals, establishing healthy eating patterns, and making sure that you choose healthy foods. Cutting back on processed foods and staying hydrated can also help. The stress of trying to lose weight might also give you headaches, so take steps to help yourself relax. Weight loss is a journey, but you can do it in a way that is both healthy and effective.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sticking to a Healthy Eating Schedule\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Enjoy breakfast\", \"描述\": \"Don’t equate losing weight with skipping meals. You can actually hamper your progress if you don’t eat regularly. Start your day off right by eating a healthy breakfast. It can rev up your metabolism, which can help you lose weight. Choose from healthy options such as:\\nEgg whites and veggies\\nWhole grain toast with avocado\\nSmoothies with fresh fruits and veggies\\nProtein-packed Greek yogurt\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Eat small, healthy meals to keep your blood sugar level.\", \"描述\": \"Headaches can happen when your blood sugar dips too low; that’s especially common if you don’t eat regularly. To prevent headaches, aim to eat 4-5 small meals per day. Alternatively, you can eat 3 meals with healthy snacks in between. The key is to make sure that you make healthy choices for each meal and snack.\\nAim to get several servings of fresh fruits and vegetables each day.\\nChoose healthy proteins, such as nuts, lean meats, and legumes.\\nA healthy snack might be carrot sticks, a small serving of hummus, and a hard-boiled egg.\\nA good dinner could be a mixed green salad, grilled fish, and sweet potato.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Plan meals ahead of time to avoid temptation.\", \"描述\": \"If you wait until you’re really hungry to eat, you might develop a headache. That can cause you to feel cranky, and you’ll find yourself reaching for comfort food instead of making healthy choices. Planning ahead of time can also ensure that you have easy access to healthy food.\\nTry sitting down during the weekend and planning your meals and snacks. You can also do as much prep work as you can to make the week run smoothly.\\nFor example, try cooking up a healthy batch of soup on Sunday and portioning that into lunches for the week. You could also wash and cut up all of the fresh fruits and vegetables that you will need for the next few days.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Prioritize proteins and healthy fats over carbs.\", \"描述\": \"Carbohydrates can be high in sugars, which can cause hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). To avoid headaches brought on by this, make sure to fill most of your plate with lean proteins and healthy fats. You can save a small portion of your calories for complex carbs, like whole-grain bread, quinoa, and brown rice. \\nEating simple carbs can raise your blood sugar. That, in turn, can cause your body to rapidly produce a lot of insulin, which can then cause your blood sugar to drop very quickly.\\nMake sure that each meal and snack includes a protein, such as eggs, low-fat dairy products, chicken, or fish.\\nInclude a healthy fat every time you eat. Good choices include nut butter, avocados, olive oil, and chia seeds.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Skip late-night snacks.\", \"描述\": \"Although it is important to eat frequently, your body needs to give your digestive system a rest. Aim to eat your last meal or snack at night 14-16 hours before you eat breakfast in the morning.\\nWhen you eat later in the evening, your body doesn't have time to fully digest your food before resting. You might not sleep as well, which can cause headaches the next day.\\nFor example, if you eat breakfast at 8 a.m., try not to eat after 6 p.m. at night.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Substances and Foods that Trigger Headaches\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Cut back on processed foods.\", \"描述\": \"Some evidence suggests that processed foods might be linked to headaches. If you let yourself get too hungry, or you don’t have healthy food available, it’s all too easy to grab processed foods to satiate yourself. Avoid the risk of processed food headaches by eating regular healthy meals and snacks. Avoid processed foods like:\\nLunch meats and hot dogs\\nPackaged soups\\nSodas and other sugary beverages\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose healthy eating instead of fad diets.\", \"描述\": \"Fad diets often restrict certain foods or groups of foods. For example, the popular Keto diet might strictly limit the amount of healthy carbs you eat. Other diets, like juice cleanses, might keep you from getting enough protein. In order to avoid headaches, you need to eat a balanced diet.\\nFad diets might also limit you to eating once or twice a day. That can lead to headaches.\\nEat multiple small meals that are full of veggies, healthy fats, and lean proteins.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Talk to your doctor before taking weight loss supplements.\", \"描述\": \"Many popular diet pills have ingredients, like conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), that can trigger headaches. Consult your doctor before trying any supplements. They can help you figure out which, if any, are safe for you to use.\\nIt is generally best to rely on a healthy diet and exercise for weight loss. Your doctor can help you find a plan that works for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use caution when drinking alcohol.\", \"描述\": \"It’s best not to drink too much in any case, but it is especially important when you’re trying to lose weight. Not only does alcohol contain empty calories, but you can also get a headache if you drink too much on an empty stomach. If you choose to drink, stick to 1 drink. After that, you can switch to club soda or plain water.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Making Lifestyle Changes to Promote Weight Loss\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Drink enough water to stay hydrated.\", \"描述\": \"Dehydration can cause headaches, so avoid that by drinking plenty of water every day. Drinking water can also promote weight loss, as it can help you feel full without overeating. Individual needs vary, but in general, aim to drink:\\n15.5 cups (3.7 liters) for men\\n11.5 cups (2.7 liters) for women\\nDrink more if you are exercising or outside in warm weather\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a good night’s sleep\", \"描述\": \"Lack of sleep can cause headaches and other health issues. It might also make you cranky and more likely to reach for unhealthy food choices. Aim to get 7-9 hours of sleep per night. Make it your goal to go to bed and get up at the same time each day, even on weekends.\\nPower down electronics at least 1 hour before bedtime.\\nTo relax, try taking a warm shower or reading a chapter of a book.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Try to exercise each day.\", \"描述\": \"Not only does exercise promote weight loss, but it is also linked to reducing headaches. Aim to get at least 30 minutes of exercise each day. Choose an activity that you enjoy, such as hiking, swimming, or dancing. You can add more time to your routine as you become stronger.\\nDon’t push yourself too hard during your workouts. If you try to jump right into an intense exercise routine, you risk straining your body. That can lead to dehydration and headaches. Talk to your doctor about an exercise program that is right for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Relax to reduce stress and tension headaches.\", \"描述\": \"Trying to lose weight can be really stressful. To avoid the headaches that can go along with stress, take time to do something relaxing each day. You might:\\nPractice yoga\\nTake a long walk\\nSpend time with a pet\\nGet together with a friend\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Talk to your doctor about a healthy weight for you.\\n\", \"Consult a nutritionist to learn more about healthy foods and good eating habits.\\n\", \"Don’t deny yourself all of your favorite foods. Just pick smaller portions.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,245 | How to Avoid Whey to Alleviate Lactose Intolerance | 1. Purchasing Dairy Substitutes
1-1. Purchase plant-based milk.
As a substitute for cow’s or goat’s milk, try purchasing a plant-based milk. Almond milk, coconut milk, cashew milk, and soy milk have all become more popular and easier to find in recent years. Many people find these to be healthy and tasty alternatives for dairy milk; plus, they are more friendly to the environment.
If you want dairy milk, try the Lactaid brand. Lactaid products are natural dairy products, but they include the enzyme lactase, which breaks down lactose so you can digest the dairy in their products.
Lactaid makes milk, cottage cheese, and ice cream, and can be found in most grocery stores.
1-2. Buy dairy-free sorbets, Italian ice, or popsicles.
Popular ice cream manufacturers, such as Ben & Jerry’s and Haagen-Dazs, make dairy-free sorbet that are sure to be an enjoyable sweet treat without causing the digestive issues inspired by dairy ice-creams.
Try a plant-based alternative, like coconut milk or soy milk ice creams.
Be aware of sherbet vs. sorbet. While it sounds similar to sorbet, sherbets often contain milk or cream. If you're not sure, check the ingredients list
Find dairy-free sorbet options at your local ice cream store. Many stores have dairy-free sorbet options on their menus. If you don’t see them on the menu, ask!
1-3. Try non-dairy yogurt.
You can find yogurt made out of soy, almonds, and rice, which are high in vitamins B and E as well as potassium, antioxidants, and dietary fibers in most grocery stores. As a bonus, these are also vegan-friendly treats!
Choose a yogurt with a milk-like base (such as a nut or grain milk) as well as one that contains active or live cultures, so you reap all the benefits of eating a healthy snack like yogurt.
Other things you may want to look for in your yogurt is one that is low fat, and has a good source of calcium. In addition, it contains live and active cultures, which is one key reason for including yogurt in your diet.
Remember that Greek yogurt has very little or no whey. Greek yogurt is traditionally made by straining the yogurt to remove the whey.. Always read the ingredients list before purchasing Greek yogurt, because there are no steadfast regulations on what actually constitutes “Greek” yogurt.
1-4. Find or make dairy-free cheese.
While “dairy-free cheese” may sound like an oxymoron, it is actually possible to find. Many dairy-free cheese are made with cashews or other nuts, but there are also several nut-free options.
Do a search for “zucchini cheese” on Google. It is possible to make a dairy-free and nut free cheese using zucchini! There are many recipes available online for making zucchini cheese, and most require little more than zucchini, water, coconut oil, lemon juice, gelatin, yeast, and sea salt.
2. Checking Ingredient Lists
2-1. Ignore labels and check ingredient lists.
This is one of the most important parts of handling a lactose intolerance because many of the terms used on our food, such as “dairy-free,” do not have regulatory definitions with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Thus, while they probably do not contain animal milk, they may still contain lactose and/or whey.
Look for products that are explicitly vegan. You can assume that these products do not contain whey.
If you are unable to check a label, opt for products labeled “lactose-free.” Though this does not guarantee the absence of whey, it makes it highly unlikely that the product will contain whey protein (which is a protein derived from milk).
2-2. Be aware of hidden whey.
Whey can be present in many forms and in products that don’t seem to be associated with dairy. In order to completely avoid whey to alleviate lactose intolerance, it is important to check the ingredients of any and all foods that you consume. Here are some example foods to be careful of:
Breads: whey is a common preservative in many brands of bread. Check the ingredients of your bread carefully!
Breadcrumbs: whey can be found in prepared breadcrumbs. It is better to substitute traditional prepared breadcrumbs with panko breadcrumbs, which are dairy-free.
Spice mix: whey powder is sometimes an ingredient in spice mixes! Look for “whey protein concentrate” in premixed spice packets. Whey protein concentrate often contains concentrated lactose that can trigger the uncomfortable digestive issues of lactose intolerance.
Protein bars: whey can be found in soy protein bars (usually found as whey protein or whey protein isolates). It is important to pay attention to these ingredients!
Whey is also found in flavored potato chips, frozen dinners, and fruit-based gummies. The important point is to never neglect ingredient labels, no matter how dairy-free the food may seem!
2-3. Know the variants of “whey” and other dairy-based ingredients.
There are some terms for dairy-based ingredients that you may not recognize as indicating the presence of dairy. It is important to become familiar with these terms. In the case of a moderate to severe lactose intolerance, you may want to carry a list that has these ingredients listed. Here are some common whey and dairy-based ingredients, including some that you may not recognize:
Whey can be written as sweet whey, whey protein, whey powder, whey protein concentrate, delactosed whey, demineralized whey, or whey protein hydrolysate. The important thing to remember is that these products are all whey!
Dairy ingredients often include common terms such as milk, casein, ghee, and cream.
Some less recognizable dairy ingredients include iron caseinate, lactalbumin, paneer, recaldent, rennet casein, and zinc caseinate.
3. Choosing Protein Sources Carefully
3-1. Recognize that whey is a common form of protein.
Most products that are promoted for protein content are likely to contain whey, which is a highly digestible form of protein for most individuals.
Many sources of whey may be hidden in other protein sources, particularly in products aimed at building muscle or controlling weight. It is important to be aware of this fact before purchasing any protein powders.
3-2. Buy only whey-free soy protein powders for workout purposes.
Protein powders made of soy, brown rice, hemp, pea, and egg proteins are often safe for those with lactose intolerance provided they do not also contain whey protein. There are a plethora of vegan protein powders that are whey free.
Try MRM Veggie Elite protein powder, Vega One nutritional shakes, or S.A.N. Raw fusion for a protein boost that is guaranteed to be whey-free.
3-3. Embrace other sources of protein.
Getting enough protein in your diet is an important part of a healthy lifestyle: women are encouraged to get about 46 grams of protein a day, while men are encouraged to get about 56 grams. If you suffer from lactose intolerance and need to avoid whey, you are in luck because there are many tasty alternatives to whey protein.
Eat green peas. One cup of green peas contains as much protein as a cup of milk.
Try quinoa. This tasty grain contains more than 8 grams of protein per cup and includes all the essential amino acids that the body needs for growth and repair.
Choose nuts and nut butter. Nuts contain protein as well as healthy fats; choose varieties that are raw or dry roasted for an extra healthy option.
Eat lentils, which contain 9 grams of protein per half cup and lots of fiber as well.
If you’re feeling adventurous, try spirulina. This is a blue-green algae that can be added to a smoothie along with other ingredients (like bananas or berries). It provides 4 grams of protein in one tablespoon and also gives you 80% of your daily iron needs.
Warnings
If you suffer from an actual milk allergy, discuss specific strategies for avoiding lactose and whey with a dietitian to prevent potential accidental ingestion of milk-derived sugars and proteins.
You may find more options if you are able to shop at a natural or specialty grocery store.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:35",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Purchasing Dairy Substitutes\\n1-1. Purchase plant-based milk.\\nAs a substitute for cow’s or goat’s milk, try purchasing a plant-based milk. Almond milk, coconut milk, cashew milk, and soy milk have all become more popular and easier to find in recent years. Many people find these to be healthy and tasty alternatives for dairy milk; plus, they are more friendly to the environment.\\nIf you want dairy milk, try the Lactaid brand. Lactaid products are natural dairy products, but they include the enzyme lactase, which breaks down lactose so you can digest the dairy in their products.\\nLactaid makes milk, cottage cheese, and ice cream, and can be found in most grocery stores.\\n1-2. Buy dairy-free sorbets, Italian ice, or popsicles.\\nPopular ice cream manufacturers, such as Ben & Jerry’s and Haagen-Dazs, make dairy-free sorbet that are sure to be an enjoyable sweet treat without causing the digestive issues inspired by dairy ice-creams.\\nTry a plant-based alternative, like coconut milk or soy milk ice creams.\\nBe aware of sherbet vs. sorbet. While it sounds similar to sorbet, sherbets often contain milk or cream. If you're not sure, check the ingredients list\\nFind dairy-free sorbet options at your local ice cream store. Many stores have dairy-free sorbet options on their menus. If you don’t see them on the menu, ask!\\n1-3. Try non-dairy yogurt.\\nYou can find yogurt made out of soy, almonds, and rice, which are high in vitamins B and E as well as potassium, antioxidants, and dietary fibers in most grocery stores. As a bonus, these are also vegan-friendly treats!\\nChoose a yogurt with a milk-like base (such as a nut or grain milk) as well as one that contains active or live cultures, so you reap all the benefits of eating a healthy snack like yogurt.\\nOther things you may want to look for in your yogurt is one that is low fat, and has a good source of calcium. In addition, it contains live and active cultures, which is one key reason for including yogurt in your diet.\\nRemember that Greek yogurt has very little or no whey. Greek yogurt is traditionally made by straining the yogurt to remove the whey.. Always read the ingredients list before purchasing Greek yogurt, because there are no steadfast regulations on what actually constitutes “Greek” yogurt.\\n1-4. Find or make dairy-free cheese.\\nWhile “dairy-free cheese” may sound like an oxymoron, it is actually possible to find. Many dairy-free cheese are made with cashews or other nuts, but there are also several nut-free options.\\nDo a search for “zucchini cheese” on Google. It is possible to make a dairy-free and nut free cheese using zucchini! There are many recipes available online for making zucchini cheese, and most require little more than zucchini, water, coconut oil, lemon juice, gelatin, yeast, and sea salt.\\n2. Checking Ingredient Lists\\n2-1. Ignore labels and check ingredient lists.\\nThis is one of the most important parts of handling a lactose intolerance because many of the terms used on our food, such as “dairy-free,” do not have regulatory definitions with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Thus, while they probably do not contain animal milk, they may still contain lactose and/or whey.\\nLook for products that are explicitly vegan. You can assume that these products do not contain whey.\\nIf you are unable to check a label, opt for products labeled “lactose-free.” Though this does not guarantee the absence of whey, it makes it highly unlikely that the product will contain whey protein (which is a protein derived from milk).\\n2-2. Be aware of hidden whey.\\nWhey can be present in many forms and in products that don’t seem to be associated with dairy. In order to completely avoid whey to alleviate lactose intolerance, it is important to check the ingredients of any and all foods that you consume. Here are some example foods to be careful of:\\nBreads: whey is a common preservative in many brands of bread. Check the ingredients of your bread carefully!\\nBreadcrumbs: whey can be found in prepared breadcrumbs. It is better to substitute traditional prepared breadcrumbs with panko breadcrumbs, which are dairy-free.\\nSpice mix: whey powder is sometimes an ingredient in spice mixes! Look for “whey protein concentrate” in premixed spice packets. Whey protein concentrate often contains concentrated lactose that can trigger the uncomfortable digestive issues of lactose intolerance.\\nProtein bars: whey can be found in soy protein bars (usually found as whey protein or whey protein isolates). It is important to pay attention to these ingredients!\\nWhey is also found in flavored potato chips, frozen dinners, and fruit-based gummies. The important point is to never neglect ingredient labels, no matter how dairy-free the food may seem!\\n2-3. Know the variants of “whey” and other dairy-based ingredients.\\nThere are some terms for dairy-based ingredients that you may not recognize as indicating the presence of dairy. It is important to become familiar with these terms. In the case of a moderate to severe lactose intolerance, you may want to carry a list that has these ingredients listed. Here are some common whey and dairy-based ingredients, including some that you may not recognize:\\nWhey can be written as sweet whey, whey protein, whey powder, whey protein concentrate, delactosed whey, demineralized whey, or whey protein hydrolysate. The important thing to remember is that these products are all whey!\\nDairy ingredients often include common terms such as milk, casein, ghee, and cream.\\nSome less recognizable dairy ingredients include iron caseinate, lactalbumin, paneer, recaldent, rennet casein, and zinc caseinate.\\n3. Choosing Protein Sources Carefully\\n3-1. Recognize that whey is a common form of protein.\\nMost products that are promoted for protein content are likely to contain whey, which is a highly digestible form of protein for most individuals.\\nMany sources of whey may be hidden in other protein sources, particularly in products aimed at building muscle or controlling weight. It is important to be aware of this fact before purchasing any protein powders.\\n3-2. Buy only whey-free soy protein powders for workout purposes.\\nProtein powders made of soy, brown rice, hemp, pea, and egg proteins are often safe for those with lactose intolerance provided they do not also contain whey protein. There are a plethora of vegan protein powders that are whey free.\\nTry MRM Veggie Elite protein powder, Vega One nutritional shakes, or S.A.N. Raw fusion for a protein boost that is guaranteed to be whey-free.\\n3-3. Embrace other sources of protein.\\nGetting enough protein in your diet is an important part of a healthy lifestyle: women are encouraged to get about 46 grams of protein a day, while men are encouraged to get about 56 grams. If you suffer from lactose intolerance and need to avoid whey, you are in luck because there are many tasty alternatives to whey protein.\\nEat green peas. One cup of green peas contains as much protein as a cup of milk.\\nTry quinoa. This tasty grain contains more than 8 grams of protein per cup and includes all the essential amino acids that the body needs for growth and repair.\\nChoose nuts and nut butter. Nuts contain protein as well as healthy fats; choose varieties that are raw or dry roasted for an extra healthy option.\\nEat lentils, which contain 9 grams of protein per half cup and lots of fiber as well.\\nIf you’re feeling adventurous, try spirulina. This is a blue-green algae that can be added to a smoothie along with other ingredients (like bananas or berries). It provides 4 grams of protein in one tablespoon and also gives you 80% of your daily iron needs.\\nWarnings\\nIf you suffer from an actual milk allergy, discuss specific strategies for avoiding lactose and whey with a dietitian to prevent potential accidental ingestion of milk-derived sugars and proteins.\\nYou may find more options if you are able to shop at a natural or specialty grocery store.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Whey is the liquid part of milk that remains after the formation of curds. When the water is removed from whey, proteins, minerals, and lactose are left. Thus, for people with lactose intolerance, a condition in which the body cannot digest lactose (the sugar found in many dairy products), whey can cause uncomfortable digestive issues. If you have moderate to severe lactose intolerance, you may want to avoid whey completely. In milder cases of lactose intolerance, it may be advisable to take a lactose enzyme before consuming whey.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Purchasing Dairy Substitutes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Purchase plant-based milk.\", \"描述\": \"As a substitute for cow’s or goat’s milk, try purchasing a plant-based milk. Almond milk, coconut milk, cashew milk, and soy milk have all become more popular and easier to find in recent years. Many people find these to be healthy and tasty alternatives for dairy milk; plus, they are more friendly to the environment.\\nIf you want dairy milk, try the Lactaid brand. Lactaid products are natural dairy products, but they include the enzyme lactase, which breaks down lactose so you can digest the dairy in their products.\\nLactaid makes milk, cottage cheese, and ice cream, and can be found in most grocery stores.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Buy dairy-free sorbets, Italian ice, or popsicles.\", \"描述\": \"Popular ice cream manufacturers, such as Ben & Jerry’s and Haagen-Dazs, make dairy-free sorbet that are sure to be an enjoyable sweet treat without causing the digestive issues inspired by dairy ice-creams.\\nTry a plant-based alternative, like coconut milk or soy milk ice creams.\\nBe aware of sherbet vs. sorbet. While it sounds similar to sorbet, sherbets often contain milk or cream. If you're not sure, check the ingredients list\\nFind dairy-free sorbet options at your local ice cream store. Many stores have dairy-free sorbet options on their menus. If you don’t see them on the menu, ask!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Try non-dairy yogurt.\", \"描述\": \"You can find yogurt made out of soy, almonds, and rice, which are high in vitamins B and E as well as potassium, antioxidants, and dietary fibers in most grocery stores. As a bonus, these are also vegan-friendly treats!\\nChoose a yogurt with a milk-like base (such as a nut or grain milk) as well as one that contains active or live cultures, so you reap all the benefits of eating a healthy snack like yogurt.\\nOther things you may want to look for in your yogurt is one that is low fat, and has a good source of calcium. In addition, it contains live and active cultures, which is one key reason for including yogurt in your diet.\\nRemember that Greek yogurt has very little or no whey. Greek yogurt is traditionally made by straining the yogurt to remove the whey.. Always read the ingredients list before purchasing Greek yogurt, because there are no steadfast regulations on what actually constitutes “Greek” yogurt.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find or make dairy-free cheese.\", \"描述\": \"While “dairy-free cheese” may sound like an oxymoron, it is actually possible to find. Many dairy-free cheese are made with cashews or other nuts, but there are also several nut-free options.\\nDo a search for “zucchini cheese” on Google. It is possible to make a dairy-free and nut free cheese using zucchini! There are many recipes available online for making zucchini cheese, and most require little more than zucchini, water, coconut oil, lemon juice, gelatin, yeast, and sea salt.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Checking Ingredient Lists\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ignore labels and check ingredient lists.\", \"描述\": \"This is one of the most important parts of handling a lactose intolerance because many of the terms used on our food, such as “dairy-free,” do not have regulatory definitions with the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Thus, while they probably do not contain animal milk, they may still contain lactose and/or whey.\\nLook for products that are explicitly vegan. You can assume that these products do not contain whey.\\nIf you are unable to check a label, opt for products labeled “lactose-free.” Though this does not guarantee the absence of whey, it makes it highly unlikely that the product will contain whey protein (which is a protein derived from milk).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be aware of hidden whey.\", \"描述\": \"Whey can be present in many forms and in products that don’t seem to be associated with dairy. In order to completely avoid whey to alleviate lactose intolerance, it is important to check the ingredients of any and all foods that you consume. Here are some example foods to be careful of:\\nBreads: whey is a common preservative in many brands of bread. Check the ingredients of your bread carefully!\\nBreadcrumbs: whey can be found in prepared breadcrumbs. It is better to substitute traditional prepared breadcrumbs with panko breadcrumbs, which are dairy-free.\\nSpice mix: whey powder is sometimes an ingredient in spice mixes! Look for “whey protein concentrate” in premixed spice packets. Whey protein concentrate often contains concentrated lactose that can trigger the uncomfortable digestive issues of lactose intolerance.\\nProtein bars: whey can be found in soy protein bars (usually found as whey protein or whey protein isolates). It is important to pay attention to these ingredients!\\nWhey is also found in flavored potato chips, frozen dinners, and fruit-based gummies. The important point is to never neglect ingredient labels, no matter how dairy-free the food may seem!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know the variants of “whey” and other dairy-based ingredients.\", \"描述\": \"There are some terms for dairy-based ingredients that you may not recognize as indicating the presence of dairy. It is important to become familiar with these terms. In the case of a moderate to severe lactose intolerance, you may want to carry a list that has these ingredients listed. Here are some common whey and dairy-based ingredients, including some that you may not recognize:\\nWhey can be written as sweet whey, whey protein, whey powder, whey protein concentrate, delactosed whey, demineralized whey, or whey protein hydrolysate. The important thing to remember is that these products are all whey!\\nDairy ingredients often include common terms such as milk, casein, ghee, and cream.\\nSome less recognizable dairy ingredients include iron caseinate, lactalbumin, paneer, recaldent, rennet casein, and zinc caseinate.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Choosing Protein Sources Carefully\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Recognize that whey is a common form of protein.\", \"描述\": \"Most products that are promoted for protein content are likely to contain whey, which is a highly digestible form of protein for most individuals.\\nMany sources of whey may be hidden in other protein sources, particularly in products aimed at building muscle or controlling weight. It is important to be aware of this fact before purchasing any protein powders.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Buy only whey-free soy protein powders for workout purposes.\", \"描述\": \"Protein powders made of soy, brown rice, hemp, pea, and egg proteins are often safe for those with lactose intolerance provided they do not also contain whey protein. There are a plethora of vegan protein powders that are whey free.\\nTry MRM Veggie Elite protein powder, Vega One nutritional shakes, or S.A.N. Raw fusion for a protein boost that is guaranteed to be whey-free.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Embrace other sources of protein.\", \"描述\": \"Getting enough protein in your diet is an important part of a healthy lifestyle: women are encouraged to get about 46 grams of protein a day, while men are encouraged to get about 56 grams. If you suffer from lactose intolerance and need to avoid whey, you are in luck because there are many tasty alternatives to whey protein.\\nEat green peas. One cup of green peas contains as much protein as a cup of milk.\\nTry quinoa. This tasty grain contains more than 8 grams of protein per cup and includes all the essential amino acids that the body needs for growth and repair.\\nChoose nuts and nut butter. Nuts contain protein as well as healthy fats; choose varieties that are raw or dry roasted for an extra healthy option.\\nEat lentils, which contain 9 grams of protein per half cup and lots of fiber as well.\\nIf you’re feeling adventurous, try spirulina. This is a blue-green algae that can be added to a smoothie along with other ingredients (like bananas or berries). It provides 4 grams of protein in one tablespoon and also gives you 80% of your daily iron needs.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"If you suffer from an actual milk allergy, discuss specific strategies for avoiding lactose and whey with a dietitian to prevent potential accidental ingestion of milk-derived sugars and proteins.\\n\", \"You may find more options if you are able to shop at a natural or specialty grocery store.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,246 | How to Avoid White Dust from a Humidifier | 1. Preventing Humidifier Dust
1-1. Empty the reservoir once a day after you’re done using the humidifier.
Don’t let water sit in the reservoir overnight or for longer than 24 hours. Lift the top reservoir from the base and unscrew the cap at the bottom. Pour all of the water out of the reservoir and into the sink. Once you're ready to use it again, fill it up with distilled water.
Water that sits in the reservoir for too long can increase the number of mineral deposits on the sides of the reservoir and, in turn, create more white dust.
If you use your humidifier all day, every day, be sure to change the water every morning or night.
If your humidifier has a top and bottom reservoir or 2 reservoirs side-by-side, be sure to empty out both of them every day.
If you have houseplants or a garden, it’s totally safe to water them with the old water from the tank.
1-2. Fill your humidifier's tank with distilled water only.
When you’re refilling your humidifier’s reservoir, only use distilled water. You can buy it by the gallon at most grocery, convenience, or drug stores.
Distilled water is made by removing the minerals from the water. The minerals are responsible for the white dust.
1-3. Keep the humidity in your home between 40% and 50%.
Get a humidity meter for your home if your thermostat doesn’t already have a humidity feature. Test it at least once a week to make sure it stays between 40% and 50%. If it's too high, leave the humidifier off for a few weeks and test it again to make sure it's within that range.
Too much humidity can cause dust, mold, or mildew to accumulate in your home and inside the humidifier, increasing the chance that it'll emit white dust (along with mold and mildew—definitely not something you want in your home!).
1-4. Soak a demineralization cartridge and drop it into the reservoir if possible.
Fill a bowl up with 8 fluid ounces (240 mL) of water and drop the tiny cartridge in for 10 minutes. Drain the water away and put it into your humidifier’s reservoir after you’ve filled it with distilled water.
The cartridge will prevent calcium and lime deposits from building up inside the reservoir.
Some ultrasonic humidifiers are sold with a few demineralization cartridges included. If not, you can buy them online or from most home good stores that sell humidifiers.
1-5. Change the filter in cool mist humidifiers every 1 or 2 months.
Check the instruction manual to see exactly where the filter is and how to change it. In most cases, it's located in a cylindrical chamber sticking up from the base. To change it, remove the reservoir and open the latch or cap at the top of the cylinder. Slide the old filter out, slide the new one in, and replace the latch or cap.
If you use your humidifier every day, change it once a month. If you only use the humidifier a couple of times a week, you can wait 2 months before you change it.
Refer to the owner’s manual that came with your model to see how often the manufacturer suggests changing the filter.
Most models come with replacement filters, but if not, you can buy them online or from any home goods store that sells humidifiers.
2. Washing Your Humidifier
2-1. Turn the humidifier off and unplug it.
Humidifiers are electrical appliances that can cause electric shock if you're not careful, so always turn it off and unplug it before you open it up. If you have a warm mist or steam humidifier and it has been on for a few hours, turn it off and wait at least 30 minutes before touching it so it can cool down.
Never try to open up or clean a warm mist or steam humidifier right after it’s been running because the hot steam can burn your skin.
Note that warm mist humidifiers don’t create white dust, but they still need to be cleaned regularly.
2-2. Scrub the inner sides of the reservoir with plain dish soap and water.
Dump out the old water from the reservoir and refill it about halfway with cool tap water. Squeeze a few drops of mild dish soap into the water as it's refilling so it gets nice and sudsy. Use a sponge to scrub the sides of the reservoir, focusing on any spots with a white water line or splotches—those are the mineral deposits.
Harsh chemicals or disinfectants like bleach can cause lung issues if they’re not properly rinsed away and get distributed into the air, so it’s safest to stick to mild dish soap.
2-3. Remove the filter if your model has one.
Open the reservoir and take out the filter from the humidifier's motor housing in the middle. If you’re not sure where the filter is located, refer to the owner’s manual that came with your humidifier or look up the model for your particular online.
Cool evaporation, warm evaporation, and hot steam humidifiers all have filters while ultrasonic humidifiers don’t.
2-4. Rinse the filter under cool running water.
Hold the filter under the faucet and rinse away any mineral deposits, using your fingers to massage it as you go. Shake off the water when you're done—don't squeeze it because it could deform the mesh. Let the filter air dry on a paper towel for 1 to 2 hours.
You can also gently scrub it with a scrub brush to get rid of stubborn buildup.
Don't put the filter back into the motor casing until it's fully dry because even a little dampness can encourage mold and mildew to grow inside the unit.
If there's mold or buildup on the filter, soak the filter in a solution made with 17 fluid ounces (0.50 L) of water and 2 tablespoons (30 mL) of vinegar for 20 minutes. After time’s up, rinse it really well under running water until you can’t smell any of the vinegar.
2-5. Soak the base and reservoir with vinegar and water as an alternative.
Empty out any remaining water in the reservoir and pour 2 tablespoons (30 mL) of white vinegar and 17 fluid ounces (0.50 L) of tap water into the reservoir. Do the same for the base. Let it sit for 20 minutes and then rinse both parts until you don't smell any signs of the vinegar.
When you're done, fill the reservoir with distilled water, plug it in, and enjoy your clean, steamy air!
The vinegar will help remove some of the mineral deposits stuck to the sides of the reservoir.
If you're in a hurry, you can also just shake the reservoir with the solution inside and then rinse it right away. However, it won’t be as effective as letting it soak for the full 20 minutes.
Tips
Evaporative humidifiers don’t emit white dust (even with very hard water), so you might switch to that type if the dust is a big issue for you.[12]
X
Research source
It’s especially important to use distilled water if you or anyone in your home has asthma because humidifiers can emit microorganisms that irritate people with respiratory conditions.
Warnings
If you have a steam or warm mist humidifier, put it somewhere high up where children or pets can't get to it because the steam could cause burns.[13]
X
Trustworthy Source
MedlinePlus
Collection of medical information sourced from the US National Library of Medicine
Go to source
Clean up the white dust as soon as you notice it because, while it’s extremely rare, inhaling lots of it over a long period of time can damage your lungs.[14]
X
Trustworthy Source
PubMed Central
Journal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health
Go to source
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:35",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preventing Humidifier Dust\\n1-1. Empty the reservoir once a day after you’re done using the humidifier.\\nDon’t let water sit in the reservoir overnight or for longer than 24 hours. Lift the top reservoir from the base and unscrew the cap at the bottom. Pour all of the water out of the reservoir and into the sink. Once you're ready to use it again, fill it up with distilled water.\\nWater that sits in the reservoir for too long can increase the number of mineral deposits on the sides of the reservoir and, in turn, create more white dust.\\nIf you use your humidifier all day, every day, be sure to change the water every morning or night.\\nIf your humidifier has a top and bottom reservoir or 2 reservoirs side-by-side, be sure to empty out both of them every day.\\nIf you have houseplants or a garden, it’s totally safe to water them with the old water from the tank.\\n1-2. Fill your humidifier's tank with distilled water only.\\nWhen you’re refilling your humidifier’s reservoir, only use distilled water. You can buy it by the gallon at most grocery, convenience, or drug stores.\\nDistilled water is made by removing the minerals from the water. The minerals are responsible for the white dust.\\n1-3. Keep the humidity in your home between 40% and 50%.\\nGet a humidity meter for your home if your thermostat doesn’t already have a humidity feature. Test it at least once a week to make sure it stays between 40% and 50%. If it's too high, leave the humidifier off for a few weeks and test it again to make sure it's within that range.\\nToo much humidity can cause dust, mold, or mildew to accumulate in your home and inside the humidifier, increasing the chance that it'll emit white dust (along with mold and mildew—definitely not something you want in your home!).\\n1-4. Soak a demineralization cartridge and drop it into the reservoir if possible.\\nFill a bowl up with 8 fluid ounces (240 mL) of water and drop the tiny cartridge in for 10 minutes. Drain the water away and put it into your humidifier’s reservoir after you’ve filled it with distilled water.\\nThe cartridge will prevent calcium and lime deposits from building up inside the reservoir.\\nSome ultrasonic humidifiers are sold with a few demineralization cartridges included. If not, you can buy them online or from most home good stores that sell humidifiers.\\n1-5. Change the filter in cool mist humidifiers every 1 or 2 months.\\nCheck the instruction manual to see exactly where the filter is and how to change it. In most cases, it's located in a cylindrical chamber sticking up from the base. To change it, remove the reservoir and open the latch or cap at the top of the cylinder. Slide the old filter out, slide the new one in, and replace the latch or cap.\\nIf you use your humidifier every day, change it once a month. If you only use the humidifier a couple of times a week, you can wait 2 months before you change it.\\nRefer to the owner’s manual that came with your model to see how often the manufacturer suggests changing the filter.\\nMost models come with replacement filters, but if not, you can buy them online or from any home goods store that sells humidifiers.\\n2. Washing Your Humidifier\\n2-1. Turn the humidifier off and unplug it.\\nHumidifiers are electrical appliances that can cause electric shock if you're not careful, so always turn it off and unplug it before you open it up. If you have a warm mist or steam humidifier and it has been on for a few hours, turn it off and wait at least 30 minutes before touching it so it can cool down.\\nNever try to open up or clean a warm mist or steam humidifier right after it’s been running because the hot steam can burn your skin.\\nNote that warm mist humidifiers don’t create white dust, but they still need to be cleaned regularly.\\n2-2. Scrub the inner sides of the reservoir with plain dish soap and water.\\nDump out the old water from the reservoir and refill it about halfway with cool tap water. Squeeze a few drops of mild dish soap into the water as it's refilling so it gets nice and sudsy. Use a sponge to scrub the sides of the reservoir, focusing on any spots with a white water line or splotches—those are the mineral deposits.\\nHarsh chemicals or disinfectants like bleach can cause lung issues if they’re not properly rinsed away and get distributed into the air, so it’s safest to stick to mild dish soap.\\n2-3. Remove the filter if your model has one.\\nOpen the reservoir and take out the filter from the humidifier's motor housing in the middle. If you’re not sure where the filter is located, refer to the owner’s manual that came with your humidifier or look up the model for your particular online.\\nCool evaporation, warm evaporation, and hot steam humidifiers all have filters while ultrasonic humidifiers don’t.\\n2-4. Rinse the filter under cool running water.\\nHold the filter under the faucet and rinse away any mineral deposits, using your fingers to massage it as you go. Shake off the water when you're done—don't squeeze it because it could deform the mesh. Let the filter air dry on a paper towel for 1 to 2 hours.\\nYou can also gently scrub it with a scrub brush to get rid of stubborn buildup.\\nDon't put the filter back into the motor casing until it's fully dry because even a little dampness can encourage mold and mildew to grow inside the unit.\\nIf there's mold or buildup on the filter, soak the filter in a solution made with 17 fluid ounces (0.50 L) of water and 2 tablespoons (30 mL) of vinegar for 20 minutes. After time’s up, rinse it really well under running water until you can’t smell any of the vinegar.\\n2-5. Soak the base and reservoir with vinegar and water as an alternative.\\nEmpty out any remaining water in the reservoir and pour 2 tablespoons (30 mL) of white vinegar and 17 fluid ounces (0.50 L) of tap water into the reservoir. Do the same for the base. Let it sit for 20 minutes and then rinse both parts until you don't smell any signs of the vinegar.\\nWhen you're done, fill the reservoir with distilled water, plug it in, and enjoy your clean, steamy air!\\nThe vinegar will help remove some of the mineral deposits stuck to the sides of the reservoir.\\nIf you're in a hurry, you can also just shake the reservoir with the solution inside and then rinse it right away. However, it won’t be as effective as letting it soak for the full 20 minutes.\\nTips\\nEvaporative humidifiers don’t emit white dust (even with very hard water), so you might switch to that type if the dust is a big issue for you.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIt’s especially important to use distilled water if you or anyone in your home has asthma because humidifiers can emit microorganisms that irritate people with respiratory conditions.\\nWarnings\\nIf you have a steam or warm mist humidifier, put it somewhere high up where children or pets can't get to it because the steam could cause burns.[13]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nMedlinePlus\\nCollection of medical information sourced from the US National Library of Medicine\\nGo to source\\nClean up the white dust as soon as you notice it because, while it’s extremely rare, inhaling lots of it over a long period of time can damage your lungs.[14]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nPubMed Central\\nJournal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health\\nGo to source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you’ve noticed lots of white specks on furniture or other surfaces around your humidifier, it’s probably white dust. White dust is the result of minerals like calcium and magnesium in the water going through the humidifier and into the air as a mist. Only ultrasonic and impeller humidifiers release these types of minerals. While it’s rare, white dust from a humidifier can be an issue if you have allergies, asthma, or other lung and sinus conditions. With a little routine maintenance, you can avoid white dust whenever you use your humidifier.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preventing Humidifier Dust\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Empty the reservoir once a day after you’re done using the humidifier.\", \"描述\": \"Don’t let water sit in the reservoir overnight or for longer than 24 hours. Lift the top reservoir from the base and unscrew the cap at the bottom. Pour all of the water out of the reservoir and into the sink. Once you're ready to use it again, fill it up with distilled water.\\nWater that sits in the reservoir for too long can increase the number of mineral deposits on the sides of the reservoir and, in turn, create more white dust.\\nIf you use your humidifier all day, every day, be sure to change the water every morning or night.\\nIf your humidifier has a top and bottom reservoir or 2 reservoirs side-by-side, be sure to empty out both of them every day.\\nIf you have houseplants or a garden, it’s totally safe to water them with the old water from the tank.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Fill your humidifier's tank with distilled water only.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re refilling your humidifier’s reservoir, only use distilled water. You can buy it by the gallon at most grocery, convenience, or drug stores.\\nDistilled water is made by removing the minerals from the water. The minerals are responsible for the white dust.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep the humidity in your home between 40% and 50%.\", \"描述\": \"Get a humidity meter for your home if your thermostat doesn’t already have a humidity feature. Test it at least once a week to make sure it stays between 40% and 50%. If it's too high, leave the humidifier off for a few weeks and test it again to make sure it's within that range.\\nToo much humidity can cause dust, mold, or mildew to accumulate in your home and inside the humidifier, increasing the chance that it'll emit white dust (along with mold and mildew—definitely not something you want in your home!).\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Soak a demineralization cartridge and drop it into the reservoir if possible.\", \"描述\": \"Fill a bowl up with 8 fluid ounces (240 mL) of water and drop the tiny cartridge in for 10 minutes. Drain the water away and put it into your humidifier’s reservoir after you’ve filled it with distilled water.\\nThe cartridge will prevent calcium and lime deposits from building up inside the reservoir.\\nSome ultrasonic humidifiers are sold with a few demineralization cartridges included. If not, you can buy them online or from most home good stores that sell humidifiers.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Change the filter in cool mist humidifiers every 1 or 2 months.\", \"描述\": \"Check the instruction manual to see exactly where the filter is and how to change it. In most cases, it's located in a cylindrical chamber sticking up from the base. To change it, remove the reservoir and open the latch or cap at the top of the cylinder. Slide the old filter out, slide the new one in, and replace the latch or cap.\\nIf you use your humidifier every day, change it once a month. If you only use the humidifier a couple of times a week, you can wait 2 months before you change it.\\nRefer to the owner’s manual that came with your model to see how often the manufacturer suggests changing the filter.\\nMost models come with replacement filters, but if not, you can buy them online or from any home goods store that sells humidifiers.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Washing Your Humidifier\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn the humidifier off and unplug it.\", \"描述\": \"Humidifiers are electrical appliances that can cause electric shock if you're not careful, so always turn it off and unplug it before you open it up. If you have a warm mist or steam humidifier and it has been on for a few hours, turn it off and wait at least 30 minutes before touching it so it can cool down.\\nNever try to open up or clean a warm mist or steam humidifier right after it’s been running because the hot steam can burn your skin.\\nNote that warm mist humidifiers don’t create white dust, but they still need to be cleaned regularly.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Scrub the inner sides of the reservoir with plain dish soap and water.\", \"描述\": \"Dump out the old water from the reservoir and refill it about halfway with cool tap water. Squeeze a few drops of mild dish soap into the water as it's refilling so it gets nice and sudsy. Use a sponge to scrub the sides of the reservoir, focusing on any spots with a white water line or splotches—those are the mineral deposits.\\nHarsh chemicals or disinfectants like bleach can cause lung issues if they’re not properly rinsed away and get distributed into the air, so it’s safest to stick to mild dish soap.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remove the filter if your model has one.\", \"描述\": \"Open the reservoir and take out the filter from the humidifier's motor housing in the middle. If you’re not sure where the filter is located, refer to the owner’s manual that came with your humidifier or look up the model for your particular online.\\nCool evaporation, warm evaporation, and hot steam humidifiers all have filters while ultrasonic humidifiers don’t.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rinse the filter under cool running water.\", \"描述\": \"Hold the filter under the faucet and rinse away any mineral deposits, using your fingers to massage it as you go. Shake off the water when you're done—don't squeeze it because it could deform the mesh. Let the filter air dry on a paper towel for 1 to 2 hours.\\nYou can also gently scrub it with a scrub brush to get rid of stubborn buildup.\\nDon't put the filter back into the motor casing until it's fully dry because even a little dampness can encourage mold and mildew to grow inside the unit.\\nIf there's mold or buildup on the filter, soak the filter in a solution made with 17 fluid ounces (0.50 L) of water and 2 tablespoons (30 mL) of vinegar for 20 minutes. After time’s up, rinse it really well under running water until you can’t smell any of the vinegar.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Soak the base and reservoir with vinegar and water as an alternative.\", \"描述\": \"Empty out any remaining water in the reservoir and pour 2 tablespoons (30 mL) of white vinegar and 17 fluid ounces (0.50 L) of tap water into the reservoir. Do the same for the base. Let it sit for 20 minutes and then rinse both parts until you don't smell any signs of the vinegar.\\nWhen you're done, fill the reservoir with distilled water, plug it in, and enjoy your clean, steamy air!\\nThe vinegar will help remove some of the mineral deposits stuck to the sides of the reservoir.\\nIf you're in a hurry, you can also just shake the reservoir with the solution inside and then rinse it right away. However, it won’t be as effective as letting it soak for the full 20 minutes.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Evaporative humidifiers don’t emit white dust (even with very hard water), so you might switch to that type if the dust is a big issue for you.[12]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"It’s especially important to use distilled water if you or anyone in your home has asthma because humidifiers can emit microorganisms that irritate people with respiratory conditions.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you have a steam or warm mist humidifier, put it somewhere high up where children or pets can't get to it because the steam could cause burns.[13]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nMedlinePlus\\nCollection of medical information sourced from the US National Library of Medicine\\nGo to source\\n\", \"Clean up the white dust as soon as you notice it because, while it’s extremely rare, inhaling lots of it over a long period of time can damage your lungs.[14]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nPubMed Central\\nJournal archive from the U.S. National Institutes of Health\\nGo to source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,247 | How to Avoid Yellow Stains on White Shirts | 1. Preventing Collar and Underarm Stains
1-1. Wash your neck thoroughly before putting on a white shirt.
White shirt collars tend to pick up built-up dirt, oils, and haircare products from the back of your neck, leading to grungy, yellowish discoloration. The next time you plan to put on a white shirt, jump in the shower first and give the back of your neck a good scrub with soap or body wash.
If you don’t have time for a shower, wash the back of your neck with a soapy washcloth or a cleansing wipe before putting on your shirt.
1-2. Wipe excess hair and skin products off your neck.
If you tend to use hair products (such as gel or wax) or skincare products (like lotions or moisturizers), wipe the back of your neck before putting your shirt on. These products can easily pick up dirt and grime, and some may contain staining ingredients.
Let any hair product dry before putting on your shirt, especially if your hair is long enough to touch your collar.
1-3. Switch to aluminum-free deodorant to prevent pit stains.
The major culprit behind those aggravating yellow underarm stains is not your sweat, but the aluminum used in many deodorants and antiperspirants. A chemical reaction between sweat and aluminum creates the yellow discoloration. To prevent this problem, switch to a natural, aluminum-free deodorant that focuses on combating bacterial odors rather than blocking your pores.
Look for deodorants that say “aluminum free” on the label, or make your own deodorant using household ingredients and essential oils.
Some antiperspirants are formulated to both reduce sweating and prevent yellow stains. Look for deodorants that say something like “anti-yellow staining” or “fights stains on shirts” on the label.
To fight wetness without shirt-staining aluminum, combine an aluminum-free deodorant with a sprinkling of absorbent Gold Bond or a little baby powder.
1-4. Wear an undershirt to protect your shirt from sweat.
Undershirts provide a barrier of protection between your shirt and your body. They may be particularly useful for preventing underarm stains. If you perspire a lot, look for undershirts with built-in sweat guards.
1-5. Trim or shave your underarm hair to reduce sweating.
Having a lot of armpit hair promotes excess sweating, especially when the weather is hot. Protect your shirts from sweat stains and reduce your need for staining antiperspirants by removing some or all of your underarm hair.
1-6. Wash white shirts immediately after wearing them.
Catching and treating stains early is key to preventing them from taking hold. As soon as you notice discoloration starting to develop on your shirt’s collar or underarms, use a commercial pre-laundry stain treatment on the area. Wash or dry clean your shirt as soon as possible.
Enzyme-based cleaners are especially good for tackling sweat stains.
2. Avoiding Stains during Laundering
2-1. Minimize your use of bleach.
While bleach is a common laundry-whitening agent, it can react with certain kinds of fabrics and create a yellowish discoloration. It is especially important to avoid using bleach on wrinkle-resistant cotton, polyester, or polyester blends.
2-2. Use lemon juice as a bleach alternative.
Instead of trying to brighten up your white shirts with chlorine-based bleach, add 1 cup (about .25 liters) of lemon juice to your wash along with your regular detergent. Wash only white clothes with lemon juice, as it can cause colors to fade.
2-3. Check for iron in your water supply.
If your white shirts are coming out of the wash with yellow or orange stains or discoloration, iron in your water may be the culprit. Get a home water-hardness testing kit at your local home supply store, or contact a certified water testing lab in your area and find out how to get a sample of your water tested for iron.
If you live in the US, visit the EPA’s water lab network website to find an accredited lab in your area: https://www.epa.gov/waterlabnetwork.
2-4. Install a water filtration system if there is iron in your water.
Iron stains are very difficult to remove from clothing, so the best way to protect your white shirts is to treat your water. If your tests indicate that your water is high in iron, you may need to install a home water filter or water softening system designed to treat iron-rich water.
If you are not comfortable installing your own water filter or softener, contact a professional plumber.
Someone at a certified water testing lab in your area may be able to advise you on the best type of filtration system for your home.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:35",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preventing Collar and Underarm Stains\\n1-1. Wash your neck thoroughly before putting on a white shirt.\\nWhite shirt collars tend to pick up built-up dirt, oils, and haircare products from the back of your neck, leading to grungy, yellowish discoloration. The next time you plan to put on a white shirt, jump in the shower first and give the back of your neck a good scrub with soap or body wash.\\nIf you don’t have time for a shower, wash the back of your neck with a soapy washcloth or a cleansing wipe before putting on your shirt.\\n1-2. Wipe excess hair and skin products off your neck.\\nIf you tend to use hair products (such as gel or wax) or skincare products (like lotions or moisturizers), wipe the back of your neck before putting your shirt on. These products can easily pick up dirt and grime, and some may contain staining ingredients.\\nLet any hair product dry before putting on your shirt, especially if your hair is long enough to touch your collar.\\n1-3. Switch to aluminum-free deodorant to prevent pit stains.\\nThe major culprit behind those aggravating yellow underarm stains is not your sweat, but the aluminum used in many deodorants and antiperspirants. A chemical reaction between sweat and aluminum creates the yellow discoloration. To prevent this problem, switch to a natural, aluminum-free deodorant that focuses on combating bacterial odors rather than blocking your pores.\\nLook for deodorants that say “aluminum free” on the label, or make your own deodorant using household ingredients and essential oils.\\nSome antiperspirants are formulated to both reduce sweating and prevent yellow stains. Look for deodorants that say something like “anti-yellow staining” or “fights stains on shirts” on the label.\\nTo fight wetness without shirt-staining aluminum, combine an aluminum-free deodorant with a sprinkling of absorbent Gold Bond or a little baby powder.\\n1-4. Wear an undershirt to protect your shirt from sweat.\\nUndershirts provide a barrier of protection between your shirt and your body. They may be particularly useful for preventing underarm stains. If you perspire a lot, look for undershirts with built-in sweat guards.\\n1-5. Trim or shave your underarm hair to reduce sweating.\\nHaving a lot of armpit hair promotes excess sweating, especially when the weather is hot. Protect your shirts from sweat stains and reduce your need for staining antiperspirants by removing some or all of your underarm hair.\\n1-6. Wash white shirts immediately after wearing them.\\nCatching and treating stains early is key to preventing them from taking hold. As soon as you notice discoloration starting to develop on your shirt’s collar or underarms, use a commercial pre-laundry stain treatment on the area. Wash or dry clean your shirt as soon as possible. \\nEnzyme-based cleaners are especially good for tackling sweat stains.\\n2. Avoiding Stains during Laundering\\n2-1. Minimize your use of bleach.\\nWhile bleach is a common laundry-whitening agent, it can react with certain kinds of fabrics and create a yellowish discoloration. It is especially important to avoid using bleach on wrinkle-resistant cotton, polyester, or polyester blends.\\n2-2. Use lemon juice as a bleach alternative.\\nInstead of trying to brighten up your white shirts with chlorine-based bleach, add 1 cup (about .25 liters) of lemon juice to your wash along with your regular detergent. Wash only white clothes with lemon juice, as it can cause colors to fade.\\n2-3. Check for iron in your water supply.\\nIf your white shirts are coming out of the wash with yellow or orange stains or discoloration, iron in your water may be the culprit. Get a home water-hardness testing kit at your local home supply store, or contact a certified water testing lab in your area and find out how to get a sample of your water tested for iron.\\nIf you live in the US, visit the EPA’s water lab network website to find an accredited lab in your area: https://www.epa.gov/waterlabnetwork.\\n2-4. Install a water filtration system if there is iron in your water.\\nIron stains are very difficult to remove from clothing, so the best way to protect your white shirts is to treat your water. If your tests indicate that your water is high in iron, you may need to install a home water filter or water softening system designed to treat iron-rich water.\\nIf you are not comfortable installing your own water filter or softener, contact a professional plumber.\\nSomeone at a certified water testing lab in your area may be able to advise you on the best type of filtration system for your home.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"White shirts are a staple of many wardrobes. Unfortunately, they are prone to yellow stains and discoloration. With a few simple precautions, you can protect your white shirts from yellowing and keep them looking clean and vibrant for a long time. Prevent collar and underarm stains by avoiding hair and skincare products that cause staining, and treat stains early before they can set in. Keep your shirts from yellowing in the laundry by skipping the bleach and making sure your water is iron-free.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preventing Collar and Underarm Stains\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wash your neck thoroughly before putting on a white shirt.\", \"描述\": \"White shirt collars tend to pick up built-up dirt, oils, and haircare products from the back of your neck, leading to grungy, yellowish discoloration. The next time you plan to put on a white shirt, jump in the shower first and give the back of your neck a good scrub with soap or body wash.\\nIf you don’t have time for a shower, wash the back of your neck with a soapy washcloth or a cleansing wipe before putting on your shirt.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Wipe excess hair and skin products off your neck.\", \"描述\": \"If you tend to use hair products (such as gel or wax) or skincare products (like lotions or moisturizers), wipe the back of your neck before putting your shirt on. These products can easily pick up dirt and grime, and some may contain staining ingredients.\\nLet any hair product dry before putting on your shirt, especially if your hair is long enough to touch your collar.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Switch to aluminum-free deodorant to prevent pit stains.\", \"描述\": \"The major culprit behind those aggravating yellow underarm stains is not your sweat, but the aluminum used in many deodorants and antiperspirants. A chemical reaction between sweat and aluminum creates the yellow discoloration. To prevent this problem, switch to a natural, aluminum-free deodorant that focuses on combating bacterial odors rather than blocking your pores.\\nLook for deodorants that say “aluminum free” on the label, or make your own deodorant using household ingredients and essential oils.\\nSome antiperspirants are formulated to both reduce sweating and prevent yellow stains. Look for deodorants that say something like “anti-yellow staining” or “fights stains on shirts” on the label.\\nTo fight wetness without shirt-staining aluminum, combine an aluminum-free deodorant with a sprinkling of absorbent Gold Bond or a little baby powder.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wear an undershirt to protect your shirt from sweat.\", \"描述\": \"Undershirts provide a barrier of protection between your shirt and your body. They may be particularly useful for preventing underarm stains. If you perspire a lot, look for undershirts with built-in sweat guards.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Trim or shave your underarm hair to reduce sweating.\", \"描述\": \"Having a lot of armpit hair promotes excess sweating, especially when the weather is hot. Protect your shirts from sweat stains and reduce your need for staining antiperspirants by removing some or all of your underarm hair.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Wash white shirts immediately after wearing them.\", \"描述\": \"Catching and treating stains early is key to preventing them from taking hold. As soon as you notice discoloration starting to develop on your shirt’s collar or underarms, use a commercial pre-laundry stain treatment on the area. Wash or dry clean your shirt as soon as possible. \\nEnzyme-based cleaners are especially good for tackling sweat stains.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Stains during Laundering\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Minimize your use of bleach.\", \"描述\": \"While bleach is a common laundry-whitening agent, it can react with certain kinds of fabrics and create a yellowish discoloration. It is especially important to avoid using bleach on wrinkle-resistant cotton, polyester, or polyester blends.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use lemon juice as a bleach alternative.\", \"描述\": \"Instead of trying to brighten up your white shirts with chlorine-based bleach, add 1 cup (about .25 liters) of lemon juice to your wash along with your regular detergent. Wash only white clothes with lemon juice, as it can cause colors to fade.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check for iron in your water supply.\", \"描述\": \"If your white shirts are coming out of the wash with yellow or orange stains or discoloration, iron in your water may be the culprit. Get a home water-hardness testing kit at your local home supply store, or contact a certified water testing lab in your area and find out how to get a sample of your water tested for iron.\\nIf you live in the US, visit the EPA’s water lab network website to find an accredited lab in your area: https://www.epa.gov/waterlabnetwork.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Install a water filtration system if there is iron in your water.\", \"描述\": \"Iron stains are very difficult to remove from clothing, so the best way to protect your white shirts is to treat your water. If your tests indicate that your water is high in iron, you may need to install a home water filter or water softening system designed to treat iron-rich water.\\nIf you are not comfortable installing your own water filter or softener, contact a professional plumber.\\nSomeone at a certified water testing lab in your area may be able to advise you on the best type of filtration system for your home.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,248 | How to Avoid Your Boyfriend Taking You for Granted | 1. Do things for him because you want to.
Your boyfriend shouldn’t expect you to do things for him.
Whenever you do something for your boyfriend, make sure it’s not just so you get recognition or because he expects it from you. Really think about if it’s something that you want to do for them and that you’re okay if you don’t get reciprocation for it.
For example, it’s okay to make lunch for your guy if it’s something you enjoy doing, but if he demands it from you or gets upset when you don’t, then he may be taking it for granted.
2. Say no to things you don’t want to do.
Avoid agreeing to things if it’s only to please him.
If the guy asks you to do something and it’s not something you want to do, don’t be a people-pleaser and say yes. Firmly tell him “no” and don’t feel the need to give any more explanation if you don’t want to. Being clear and honest will help him know that you’re not going to get pushed around by him.
You can always try coming up with a compromise so you both get something you want. For example, if he wants to go to a party, but you want to stay at home, you may compromise to go to the party for a few hours before coming home for the rest of the night.
3. Put your feelings first.
Acting only on his feelings affects how you make your own decisions.
It can be really easy to get caught up in other people’s feelings, but it gets a lot harder to gauge what you really want. Rather than worrying about how your boyfriend is feeling, check-in with yourself to see what you’re experiencing and determine what you need emotionally.
4. Communicate openly.
Set aside the time to chat for a few minutes every day.
Keeping open communication nurtures a healthier relationship. Try to avoid any distractions, like eating while you’re talking or leaving the TV on, or else it’s hard to really focus on one another. Take a little time to discuss your day, your feelings, and anything that’s on your mind so you feel more connected and appreciated.
If you don’t live with your boyfriend, make time for a quick phone call when you’re both free so you have a chance to chat.
5. Tell him about your needs.
It’s okay for you to ask for specific things from your relationship.
Your needs are just as important as your boyfriend’s, so focus on them equally in your relationship. Come up with a list of all the things you need from the relationship to feel fulfilled and appreciated. Have a conversation with your boyfriend and go through each of the things on your list to make sure he understands them.
For example, you may say, “I need to feel validated and supported in this relationship. Could you work on encouraging me more throughout the day?”
As another example, you could say, “I need a few more intimate moments between us during the week.”
6. Set some personal boundaries.
Let him know your limits upfront so he doesn’t try to push them.
Write down the things that you don’t want to do or discuss so they’re clearly defined. Sit down with your boyfriend for a conversation and let him know about everything that would push your boundaries. If he ever does something that tests your limits, be assertive and tell him right away so he doesn’t try doing it again.
For example, you could say something like, “I will not tolerate it if you ignore me the entire night if we’re spending time with your friends.”
As another example, you could say, “I need to be able to make big decisions about my life on my own, but I will ask for help if I need it.”
7. Speak up when he upsets you.
Telling him right away prevents him from doing it again in the future.
Even though it might be easy to let a little thing slide, he may feel like he can get away with doing more and more. If the guy ever does something that you don’t appreciate, let him know what action upset you and why. Come up with solutions together to work through the issue and what he can do to improve the situation.
For example, you could say, “It really hurt my feelings when you didn’t say thank you when I gave you your gift because I put a lot of thought into it. I’d appreciate it if we could be more grateful moving forward.”
8. Keep plans you make with your family and friends.
If you always cancel plans to hang out with him, he may come to expect it.
Canceling plans on a whim just to see your guy might make him think you don’t have anything better to do. If you’ve made prior plans or have commitments that you enjoy, stick with them and let him know that your time is important to you.
For example, you could tell him, “Hey, I’m spending time with my girlfriends this Friday night, but we can still get together for lunch on Sunday.”
9. Make some alone time for yourself.
Give him a little time to miss you so he values your time together.
If something your guy says doesn’t sit right with you or tests your boundaries, go out and do something fun on your own. Go grab drinks, start a book you’ve been dying to read, or have a soothing spa night so you can just relax. While you’re having your me-time, don’t feel like you have to message him.
That way, he’ll realize that he can’t treat you poorly and expect you to stay with him, so he may change his behavior.
10. Boost your self-confidence.
You won’t have to rely on your boyfriend if you see the good in yourself.
While it’s always nice when your boyfriend says something that makes you feel good, it shouldn’t be the only thing that boosts your self-esteem. Make a mental list of the things you love about yourself, including your personality traits and talents, so you can see the impact you have on others. Use positive self-talk so you have a better perception of yourself and get a boost of confidence.
Be sure to forgive yourself for any mistakes you’ve made in the past. That way, you can move on and feel less regret or guilt from them.
11. Leave if he disrespects your needs.
Walking away gives him a chance to see what he could do better.
If your boyfriend doesn’t respect your boundaries or show appreciation for you, give yourself permission to leave the relationship. While it may seem a little drastic, you have a lot of value and don’t need to be with someone who doesn’t see that. Even taking a short break helps him realize that he has more to give in the relationship and that he shouldn’t rely on you.
Remember that nobody can take you for granted unless you allow them to. If you stay in the relationship and don’t make any changes, then their behavior will continue.
Tips
It’s okay to show empathy and do things for others sometimes, but always keep your own needs at the top of your mind so you don’t sacrifice them for someone else.[20]
X
Trustworthy Source
Greater Good Magazine
Journal published by UC Berkeley's Greater Good Science Center, which uses scientific research to promote happier living
Go to source
Find a way to appreciate one other every day so you both recognize what you each do in the relationship.[21]
X
Research source
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:35",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Do things for him because you want to.\\nYour boyfriend shouldn’t expect you to do things for him.\\nWhenever you do something for your boyfriend, make sure it’s not just so you get recognition or because he expects it from you. Really think about if it’s something that you want to do for them and that you’re okay if you don’t get reciprocation for it.\\nFor example, it’s okay to make lunch for your guy if it’s something you enjoy doing, but if he demands it from you or gets upset when you don’t, then he may be taking it for granted.\\n2. Say no to things you don’t want to do.\\nAvoid agreeing to things if it’s only to please him.\\nIf the guy asks you to do something and it’s not something you want to do, don’t be a people-pleaser and say yes. Firmly tell him “no” and don’t feel the need to give any more explanation if you don’t want to. Being clear and honest will help him know that you’re not going to get pushed around by him.\\nYou can always try coming up with a compromise so you both get something you want. For example, if he wants to go to a party, but you want to stay at home, you may compromise to go to the party for a few hours before coming home for the rest of the night.\\n3. Put your feelings first.\\nActing only on his feelings affects how you make your own decisions.\\nIt can be really easy to get caught up in other people’s feelings, but it gets a lot harder to gauge what you really want. Rather than worrying about how your boyfriend is feeling, check-in with yourself to see what you’re experiencing and determine what you need emotionally.\\n4. Communicate openly.\\nSet aside the time to chat for a few minutes every day.\\nKeeping open communication nurtures a healthier relationship. Try to avoid any distractions, like eating while you’re talking or leaving the TV on, or else it’s hard to really focus on one another. Take a little time to discuss your day, your feelings, and anything that’s on your mind so you feel more connected and appreciated.\\nIf you don’t live with your boyfriend, make time for a quick phone call when you’re both free so you have a chance to chat.\\n5. Tell him about your needs.\\nIt’s okay for you to ask for specific things from your relationship.\\nYour needs are just as important as your boyfriend’s, so focus on them equally in your relationship. Come up with a list of all the things you need from the relationship to feel fulfilled and appreciated. Have a conversation with your boyfriend and go through each of the things on your list to make sure he understands them.\\nFor example, you may say, “I need to feel validated and supported in this relationship. Could you work on encouraging me more throughout the day?”\\nAs another example, you could say, “I need a few more intimate moments between us during the week.”\\n6. Set some personal boundaries.\\nLet him know your limits upfront so he doesn’t try to push them.\\nWrite down the things that you don’t want to do or discuss so they’re clearly defined. Sit down with your boyfriend for a conversation and let him know about everything that would push your boundaries. If he ever does something that tests your limits, be assertive and tell him right away so he doesn’t try doing it again.\\nFor example, you could say something like, “I will not tolerate it if you ignore me the entire night if we’re spending time with your friends.”\\nAs another example, you could say, “I need to be able to make big decisions about my life on my own, but I will ask for help if I need it.”\\n7. Speak up when he upsets you.\\nTelling him right away prevents him from doing it again in the future.\\nEven though it might be easy to let a little thing slide, he may feel like he can get away with doing more and more. If the guy ever does something that you don’t appreciate, let him know what action upset you and why. Come up with solutions together to work through the issue and what he can do to improve the situation.\\nFor example, you could say, “It really hurt my feelings when you didn’t say thank you when I gave you your gift because I put a lot of thought into it. I’d appreciate it if we could be more grateful moving forward.”\\n8. Keep plans you make with your family and friends.\\nIf you always cancel plans to hang out with him, he may come to expect it.\\nCanceling plans on a whim just to see your guy might make him think you don’t have anything better to do. If you’ve made prior plans or have commitments that you enjoy, stick with them and let him know that your time is important to you.\\nFor example, you could tell him, “Hey, I’m spending time with my girlfriends this Friday night, but we can still get together for lunch on Sunday.”\\n9. Make some alone time for yourself.\\nGive him a little time to miss you so he values your time together.\\nIf something your guy says doesn’t sit right with you or tests your boundaries, go out and do something fun on your own. Go grab drinks, start a book you’ve been dying to read, or have a soothing spa night so you can just relax. While you’re having your me-time, don’t feel like you have to message him.\\nThat way, he’ll realize that he can’t treat you poorly and expect you to stay with him, so he may change his behavior.\\n10. Boost your self-confidence.\\nYou won’t have to rely on your boyfriend if you see the good in yourself.\\nWhile it’s always nice when your boyfriend says something that makes you feel good, it shouldn’t be the only thing that boosts your self-esteem. Make a mental list of the things you love about yourself, including your personality traits and talents, so you can see the impact you have on others. Use positive self-talk so you have a better perception of yourself and get a boost of confidence.\\nBe sure to forgive yourself for any mistakes you’ve made in the past. That way, you can move on and feel less regret or guilt from them.\\n11. Leave if he disrespects your needs.\\nWalking away gives him a chance to see what he could do better.\\nIf your boyfriend doesn’t respect your boundaries or show appreciation for you, give yourself permission to leave the relationship. While it may seem a little drastic, you have a lot of value and don’t need to be with someone who doesn’t see that. Even taking a short break helps him realize that he has more to give in the relationship and that he shouldn’t rely on you.\\nRemember that nobody can take you for granted unless you allow them to. If you stay in the relationship and don’t make any changes, then their behavior will continue.\\nTips\\nIt’s okay to show empathy and do things for others sometimes, but always keep your own needs at the top of your mind so you don’t sacrifice them for someone else.[20]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nGreater Good Magazine\\nJournal published by UC Berkeley's Greater Good Science Center, which uses scientific research to promote happier living\\nGo to source\\nFind a way to appreciate one other every day so you both recognize what you each do in the relationship.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"In a strong, healthy relationship, both people put in equal effort. If your boyfriend expects more from you than he's willing to give in return, he might be taking you for granted. Luckily, there’s a lot you can do to keep that from happening. We’ll cover a variety of different things you can say and do around your boyfriend to build a balanced relationship in which you both feel valued.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do things for him because you want to.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Your boyfriend shouldn’t expect you to do things for him.\", \"描述\": \"Whenever you do something for your boyfriend, make sure it’s not just so you get recognition or because he expects it from you. Really think about if it’s something that you want to do for them and that you’re okay if you don’t get reciprocation for it.\\nFor example, it’s okay to make lunch for your guy if it’s something you enjoy doing, but if he demands it from you or gets upset when you don’t, then he may be taking it for granted.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Say no to things you don’t want to do.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid agreeing to things if it’s only to please him.\", \"描述\": \"If the guy asks you to do something and it’s not something you want to do, don’t be a people-pleaser and say yes. Firmly tell him “no” and don’t feel the need to give any more explanation if you don’t want to. Being clear and honest will help him know that you’re not going to get pushed around by him.\\nYou can always try coming up with a compromise so you both get something you want. For example, if he wants to go to a party, but you want to stay at home, you may compromise to go to the party for a few hours before coming home for the rest of the night.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Put your feelings first.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Acting only on his feelings affects how you make your own decisions.\", \"描述\": \"It can be really easy to get caught up in other people’s feelings, but it gets a lot harder to gauge what you really want. Rather than worrying about how your boyfriend is feeling, check-in with yourself to see what you’re experiencing and determine what you need emotionally.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Communicate openly.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set aside the time to chat for a few minutes every day.\", \"描述\": \"Keeping open communication nurtures a healthier relationship. Try to avoid any distractions, like eating while you’re talking or leaving the TV on, or else it’s hard to really focus on one another. Take a little time to discuss your day, your feelings, and anything that’s on your mind so you feel more connected and appreciated.\\nIf you don’t live with your boyfriend, make time for a quick phone call when you’re both free so you have a chance to chat.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tell him about your needs.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"It’s okay for you to ask for specific things from your relationship.\", \"描述\": \"Your needs are just as important as your boyfriend’s, so focus on them equally in your relationship. Come up with a list of all the things you need from the relationship to feel fulfilled and appreciated. Have a conversation with your boyfriend and go through each of the things on your list to make sure he understands them.\\nFor example, you may say, “I need to feel validated and supported in this relationship. Could you work on encouraging me more throughout the day?”\\nAs another example, you could say, “I need a few more intimate moments between us during the week.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Set some personal boundaries.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Let him know your limits upfront so he doesn’t try to push them.\", \"描述\": \"Write down the things that you don’t want to do or discuss so they’re clearly defined. Sit down with your boyfriend for a conversation and let him know about everything that would push your boundaries. If he ever does something that tests your limits, be assertive and tell him right away so he doesn’t try doing it again.\\nFor example, you could say something like, “I will not tolerate it if you ignore me the entire night if we’re spending time with your friends.”\\nAs another example, you could say, “I need to be able to make big decisions about my life on my own, but I will ask for help if I need it.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Speak up when he upsets you.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Telling him right away prevents him from doing it again in the future.\", \"描述\": \"Even though it might be easy to let a little thing slide, he may feel like he can get away with doing more and more. If the guy ever does something that you don’t appreciate, let him know what action upset you and why. Come up with solutions together to work through the issue and what he can do to improve the situation.\\nFor example, you could say, “It really hurt my feelings when you didn’t say thank you when I gave you your gift because I put a lot of thought into it. I’d appreciate it if we could be more grateful moving forward.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Keep plans you make with your family and friends.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If you always cancel plans to hang out with him, he may come to expect it.\", \"描述\": \"Canceling plans on a whim just to see your guy might make him think you don’t have anything better to do. If you’ve made prior plans or have commitments that you enjoy, stick with them and let him know that your time is important to you.\\nFor example, you could tell him, “Hey, I’m spending time with my girlfriends this Friday night, but we can still get together for lunch on Sunday.”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Make some alone time for yourself.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Give him a little time to miss you so he values your time together.\", \"描述\": \"If something your guy says doesn’t sit right with you or tests your boundaries, go out and do something fun on your own. Go grab drinks, start a book you’ve been dying to read, or have a soothing spa night so you can just relax. While you’re having your me-time, don’t feel like you have to message him.\\nThat way, he’ll realize that he can’t treat you poorly and expect you to stay with him, so he may change his behavior.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Boost your self-confidence.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You won’t have to rely on your boyfriend if you see the good in yourself.\", \"描述\": \"While it’s always nice when your boyfriend says something that makes you feel good, it shouldn’t be the only thing that boosts your self-esteem. Make a mental list of the things you love about yourself, including your personality traits and talents, so you can see the impact you have on others. Use positive self-talk so you have a better perception of yourself and get a boost of confidence.\\nBe sure to forgive yourself for any mistakes you’ve made in the past. That way, you can move on and feel less regret or guilt from them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Leave if he disrespects your needs.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Walking away gives him a chance to see what he could do better.\", \"描述\": \"If your boyfriend doesn’t respect your boundaries or show appreciation for you, give yourself permission to leave the relationship. While it may seem a little drastic, you have a lot of value and don’t need to be with someone who doesn’t see that. Even taking a short break helps him realize that he has more to give in the relationship and that he shouldn’t rely on you.\\nRemember that nobody can take you for granted unless you allow them to. If you stay in the relationship and don’t make any changes, then their behavior will continue.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"It’s okay to show empathy and do things for others sometimes, but always keep your own needs at the top of your mind so you don’t sacrifice them for someone else.[20]\\nX\\nTrustworthy Source\\nGreater Good Magazine\\nJournal published by UC Berkeley's Greater Good Science Center, which uses scientific research to promote happier living\\nGo to source\\n\", \"Find a way to appreciate one other every day so you both recognize what you each do in the relationship.[21]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,249 | How to Avoid Your In‐Laws | 1. Getting out of a Particular Visit
1-1. Be honest—whenever possible—instead of making up excuses.
It can be very tempting to fake an illness in order to get out of a visit with your in-laws, but use such tactics sparingly. The truth has a way of getting out, and if it does, you’ll have an even more uncomfortable relationship with your in-laws to deal with. Instead, whenever you can, provide an honest explanation for why you can’t take part in a visit.
If you really are sick, just say so. Or, if you have a lot of work to do, say something like, “I’m sorry, but I’m really swamped at work and I can’t do a visit this weekend.”
Be particularly wary of faking an illness or making up another excuse if you have small children. They love to spill the beans and may say something like, “Actually, Grandma, Mommy isn’t sick.”
1-2. Set up a conflicting appointment that you can’t miss to dodge the visit.
Go ahead and schedule your root canal for the week your in-laws were going to visit—they don’t need to know that there were plenty of other scheduling options. Or, arrange to meet up with a long-lost friend from high school on the day you were going to visit your in-laws’ house.
Starting a home improvement project can be a good way of getting out of a visit or two, so long as your in-laws aren’t the type to insist on helping you!
This may be a desperate move, but in some jurisdictions you can volunteer for jury duty!
1-3. “Divide and conquer” by visiting both families simultaneously.
Simply put, you go visit your family while your spouse visits theirs. Call it a necessity due to your hectic schedules, which probably isn’t far from the truth anyway. It’s best to use this tactic only once in a while, though, or you’ll arouse suspicions and may end up worsening your relationships with both sets of parents.
If simultaneous visits aren’t practical due to the cost, just be clear to both sets of parents that you’re going to alternate visits on a fairly rigid schedule “in order to be fair to everyone.”
If you have kids, you might alternate who the kids go with, or divide them up for the visits as well. Once again, though, this is a tactic best used strategically and only occasionally.
1-4. Take a walk or run an errand during a visit if you need a break.
If a visit is going off the rails, politely announce that you’re going to take a walk—you can say you need a bit of fresh air, or want to walk off some of the Thanksgiving feast you just had. Use the time to regain your composure and prepare yourself for the rest of the visit.
Especially if the visit is at your house, you can also announce that you need to run an errand—like getting more milk—and take your time doing it. You may even want to strategically make sure you’re low on milk ahead of time!
2. Setting Boundaries on Your Time Together
2-1. Set clear timeframes for visits ahead of time.
If you really need to limit your time with your in-laws, never leave anything open-ended when it comes to visits. Don’t say, “Sure, come to town for a couple days,” or, “We’ll stop by for a few hours on Sunday.” Be specific: “We’d love to have you stay in town Friday evening through Saturday afternoon,” or “We can come by from 2 to 4 on Sunday afternoon.”
If you get push-back because they’d like a visit to be longer, give honest but respectful reasons why it cannot be: “I’m sorry, but we both have busy weeks at work coming up, and Jake has a big test in school on Monday.”
Set up something else to do at the end of the visiting time, so there is no way to extend it further. For instance, arrange a dinner get-together with an old friend.
2-2. Insist on staying in a hotel when you visit overnight.
Even if they have a spare bedroom and all the hotels in the area are pricey, make it clear from the start that you won’t be staying at your in-laws’ home. If you stay at their house, you’ll have very little control over how much time you spend with them.
Explain your decision based on your comfort level: “We’re simply more comfortable staying in a hotel, and I think we’ll all end up sleeping better this way.”
2-3. Insist they stay in a hotel when they visit overnight.
This can be a bit trickier, especially if you have room for them at your place. However, if possible, never make it an option from the start. For instance, when you invite them, say something like “Can we help you find a good hotel nearby?”
Don’t feel obligated to pay for their room, but consider it if necessary—for instance, if you know money is an issue for them.
If they’ve stayed at your house before but now you know it’s best they don’t stay there again, stick to being politely honest: “Things just work out better this way, and we’ll all be better rested and happier during all the time we do spend together.”
2-4. Treat them like guests in your home.
This means being polite and respectful, and attending to their needs and comforts (within reason). However, it also means that you can request and expect them to act like guests in your home. That is, like any guest, you can expect them not to go into your room or other areas you deem off-limits.
Be as direct as is necessary: “We want you to be comfortable here, but we do ask that you keep out of our room and Dan’s workshop in the basement. They’re both really messy anyway!”
3. Communicating with Your Spouse
3-1. Prioritize the needs of your marriage.
There are two sides to this coin. On one side, be honest with your spouse if you feel they are siding with their parents to the detriment of your relationship. On the other side, make sure you aren’t elevating your desire to limit or avoid time with your in-laws above the health of your marriage.
Marriages can and do crumble due to issues with in-laws, so make sure you communicate freely and regularly about any concerns you have. Don’t be afraid to propose couples’ counseling if you feel it could help.
3-2. Engage in solution-oriented discussions about in-laws.
It’s tempting to vent to your spouse about all the terrible things your in-laws have said or done. However, keep in mind that they’re your spouse’s parents, so your partner is likely to get defensive about your criticism. Instead, focus on describing your feelings and asking for help in finding solutions that will benefit everyone.
Rather than saying, “Your mother second-guesses every decision I make about the kids,” try something like, “I feel like I’m not respected as a parent when all my decisions are questioned by your mother.”
Once you’ve expressed your feelings, work toward solutions. You could say, “I’d really like if we could both sit down with her and talk about some of our differences on raising kids.”
3-3. Compromise on accepting and avoiding visits.
In most cases, you can’t expect your spouse to completely cut their parents out of their life, and making them visit without you every time is still likely to cause marriage friction. Most likely, you’ll have to work with your partner to find a happy medium of visits with the in-laws.
For instance, instead of spending both Thanksgiving and Christmas with your in-laws every year, perhaps you could spend only one of the holidays with them and take a trip with just your spouse (and kids, if you have any) for the other one.
3-4. Present a unified front with your spouse at all times.
If you and your partner aren’t on the same page, your in-laws can—unintentionally or intentionally—drive a wedge between you. This is why it’s so important to talk through your concerns with your spouse and come up with solutions that you can both accept. And, once you agree to a plan of action, you need to encourage your spouse to hold steady to it, even if it may be uncomfortable for them to do so.
It may, for instance, be very difficult for your spouse to tell their parents that you won’t all be spending Easter together. Make sure you give your spouse ample encouragement beforehand and talk through how you will both approach the conversation with your in-laws.
Tips
Aim to have a good or at least tolerable relationship with your in-laws, but don’t feel like they have to be your second set of parents. According to at least one study, men who have a very close relationship with their in-laws are 20% less likely to get divorced, while women who do are 20% more likely. So, maybe the best advice is to seek out the relationship level that works best for your situation.[11]
X
Research source
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:36",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting out of a Particular Visit\\n1-1. Be honest—whenever possible—instead of making up excuses.\\nIt can be very tempting to fake an illness in order to get out of a visit with your in-laws, but use such tactics sparingly. The truth has a way of getting out, and if it does, you’ll have an even more uncomfortable relationship with your in-laws to deal with. Instead, whenever you can, provide an honest explanation for why you can’t take part in a visit.\\nIf you really are sick, just say so. Or, if you have a lot of work to do, say something like, “I’m sorry, but I’m really swamped at work and I can’t do a visit this weekend.”\\nBe particularly wary of faking an illness or making up another excuse if you have small children. They love to spill the beans and may say something like, “Actually, Grandma, Mommy isn’t sick.”\\n1-2. Set up a conflicting appointment that you can’t miss to dodge the visit.\\nGo ahead and schedule your root canal for the week your in-laws were going to visit—they don’t need to know that there were plenty of other scheduling options. Or, arrange to meet up with a long-lost friend from high school on the day you were going to visit your in-laws’ house.\\nStarting a home improvement project can be a good way of getting out of a visit or two, so long as your in-laws aren’t the type to insist on helping you!\\nThis may be a desperate move, but in some jurisdictions you can volunteer for jury duty!\\n1-3. “Divide and conquer” by visiting both families simultaneously.\\nSimply put, you go visit your family while your spouse visits theirs. Call it a necessity due to your hectic schedules, which probably isn’t far from the truth anyway. It’s best to use this tactic only once in a while, though, or you’ll arouse suspicions and may end up worsening your relationships with both sets of parents.\\nIf simultaneous visits aren’t practical due to the cost, just be clear to both sets of parents that you’re going to alternate visits on a fairly rigid schedule “in order to be fair to everyone.”\\nIf you have kids, you might alternate who the kids go with, or divide them up for the visits as well. Once again, though, this is a tactic best used strategically and only occasionally.\\n1-4. Take a walk or run an errand during a visit if you need a break.\\nIf a visit is going off the rails, politely announce that you’re going to take a walk—you can say you need a bit of fresh air, or want to walk off some of the Thanksgiving feast you just had. Use the time to regain your composure and prepare yourself for the rest of the visit.\\nEspecially if the visit is at your house, you can also announce that you need to run an errand—like getting more milk—and take your time doing it. You may even want to strategically make sure you’re low on milk ahead of time!\\n2. Setting Boundaries on Your Time Together\\n2-1. Set clear timeframes for visits ahead of time.\\nIf you really need to limit your time with your in-laws, never leave anything open-ended when it comes to visits. Don’t say, “Sure, come to town for a couple days,” or, “We’ll stop by for a few hours on Sunday.” Be specific: “We’d love to have you stay in town Friday evening through Saturday afternoon,” or “We can come by from 2 to 4 on Sunday afternoon.”\\nIf you get push-back because they’d like a visit to be longer, give honest but respectful reasons why it cannot be: “I’m sorry, but we both have busy weeks at work coming up, and Jake has a big test in school on Monday.”\\nSet up something else to do at the end of the visiting time, so there is no way to extend it further. For instance, arrange a dinner get-together with an old friend.\\n2-2. Insist on staying in a hotel when you visit overnight.\\nEven if they have a spare bedroom and all the hotels in the area are pricey, make it clear from the start that you won’t be staying at your in-laws’ home. If you stay at their house, you’ll have very little control over how much time you spend with them.\\nExplain your decision based on your comfort level: “We’re simply more comfortable staying in a hotel, and I think we’ll all end up sleeping better this way.”\\n2-3. Insist they stay in a hotel when they visit overnight.\\nThis can be a bit trickier, especially if you have room for them at your place. However, if possible, never make it an option from the start. For instance, when you invite them, say something like “Can we help you find a good hotel nearby?”\\nDon’t feel obligated to pay for their room, but consider it if necessary—for instance, if you know money is an issue for them.\\nIf they’ve stayed at your house before but now you know it’s best they don’t stay there again, stick to being politely honest: “Things just work out better this way, and we’ll all be better rested and happier during all the time we do spend together.”\\n2-4. Treat them like guests in your home.\\nThis means being polite and respectful, and attending to their needs and comforts (within reason). However, it also means that you can request and expect them to act like guests in your home. That is, like any guest, you can expect them not to go into your room or other areas you deem off-limits.\\nBe as direct as is necessary: “We want you to be comfortable here, but we do ask that you keep out of our room and Dan’s workshop in the basement. They’re both really messy anyway!”\\n3. Communicating with Your Spouse\\n3-1. Prioritize the needs of your marriage.\\nThere are two sides to this coin. On one side, be honest with your spouse if you feel they are siding with their parents to the detriment of your relationship. On the other side, make sure you aren’t elevating your desire to limit or avoid time with your in-laws above the health of your marriage.\\nMarriages can and do crumble due to issues with in-laws, so make sure you communicate freely and regularly about any concerns you have. Don’t be afraid to propose couples’ counseling if you feel it could help.\\n3-2. Engage in solution-oriented discussions about in-laws.\\nIt’s tempting to vent to your spouse about all the terrible things your in-laws have said or done. However, keep in mind that they’re your spouse’s parents, so your partner is likely to get defensive about your criticism. Instead, focus on describing your feelings and asking for help in finding solutions that will benefit everyone.\\nRather than saying, “Your mother second-guesses every decision I make about the kids,” try something like, “I feel like I’m not respected as a parent when all my decisions are questioned by your mother.”\\nOnce you’ve expressed your feelings, work toward solutions. You could say, “I’d really like if we could both sit down with her and talk about some of our differences on raising kids.”\\n3-3. Compromise on accepting and avoiding visits.\\nIn most cases, you can’t expect your spouse to completely cut their parents out of their life, and making them visit without you every time is still likely to cause marriage friction. Most likely, you’ll have to work with your partner to find a happy medium of visits with the in-laws.\\nFor instance, instead of spending both Thanksgiving and Christmas with your in-laws every year, perhaps you could spend only one of the holidays with them and take a trip with just your spouse (and kids, if you have any) for the other one.\\n3-4. Present a unified front with your spouse at all times.\\nIf you and your partner aren’t on the same page, your in-laws can—unintentionally or intentionally—drive a wedge between you. This is why it’s so important to talk through your concerns with your spouse and come up with solutions that you can both accept. And, once you agree to a plan of action, you need to encourage your spouse to hold steady to it, even if it may be uncomfortable for them to do so.\\nIt may, for instance, be very difficult for your spouse to tell their parents that you won’t all be spending Easter together. Make sure you give your spouse ample encouragement beforehand and talk through how you will both approach the conversation with your in-laws.\\nTips\\nAim to have a good or at least tolerable relationship with your in-laws, but don’t feel like they have to be your second set of parents. According to at least one study, men who have a very close relationship with their in-laws are 20% less likely to get divorced, while women who do are 20% more likely. So, maybe the best advice is to seek out the relationship level that works best for your situation.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If your efforts to impress your in-laws or even just get along with them have failed, you may be searching for options other than cutting them out of your life completely. While it’s very unlikely that you can avoid them all the time, you can set reasonable limits and boundaries by engaging in open and honest communication, both with your in-laws and your spouse. And, when you really need a break from them, you can draw from some short-term tricks to avoid them for a while!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting out of a Particular Visit\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be honest—whenever possible—instead of making up excuses.\", \"描述\": \"It can be very tempting to fake an illness in order to get out of a visit with your in-laws, but use such tactics sparingly. The truth has a way of getting out, and if it does, you’ll have an even more uncomfortable relationship with your in-laws to deal with. Instead, whenever you can, provide an honest explanation for why you can’t take part in a visit.\\nIf you really are sick, just say so. Or, if you have a lot of work to do, say something like, “I’m sorry, but I’m really swamped at work and I can’t do a visit this weekend.”\\nBe particularly wary of faking an illness or making up another excuse if you have small children. They love to spill the beans and may say something like, “Actually, Grandma, Mommy isn’t sick.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set up a conflicting appointment that you can’t miss to dodge the visit.\", \"描述\": \"Go ahead and schedule your root canal for the week your in-laws were going to visit—they don’t need to know that there were plenty of other scheduling options. Or, arrange to meet up with a long-lost friend from high school on the day you were going to visit your in-laws’ house.\\nStarting a home improvement project can be a good way of getting out of a visit or two, so long as your in-laws aren’t the type to insist on helping you!\\nThis may be a desperate move, but in some jurisdictions you can volunteer for jury duty!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"“Divide and conquer” by visiting both families simultaneously.\", \"描述\": \"Simply put, you go visit your family while your spouse visits theirs. Call it a necessity due to your hectic schedules, which probably isn’t far from the truth anyway. It’s best to use this tactic only once in a while, though, or you’ll arouse suspicions and may end up worsening your relationships with both sets of parents.\\nIf simultaneous visits aren’t practical due to the cost, just be clear to both sets of parents that you’re going to alternate visits on a fairly rigid schedule “in order to be fair to everyone.”\\nIf you have kids, you might alternate who the kids go with, or divide them up for the visits as well. Once again, though, this is a tactic best used strategically and only occasionally.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take a walk or run an errand during a visit if you need a break.\", \"描述\": \"If a visit is going off the rails, politely announce that you’re going to take a walk—you can say you need a bit of fresh air, or want to walk off some of the Thanksgiving feast you just had. Use the time to regain your composure and prepare yourself for the rest of the visit.\\nEspecially if the visit is at your house, you can also announce that you need to run an errand—like getting more milk—and take your time doing it. You may even want to strategically make sure you’re low on milk ahead of time!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Setting Boundaries on Your Time Together\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set clear timeframes for visits ahead of time.\", \"描述\": \"If you really need to limit your time with your in-laws, never leave anything open-ended when it comes to visits. Don’t say, “Sure, come to town for a couple days,” or, “We’ll stop by for a few hours on Sunday.” Be specific: “We’d love to have you stay in town Friday evening through Saturday afternoon,” or “We can come by from 2 to 4 on Sunday afternoon.”\\nIf you get push-back because they’d like a visit to be longer, give honest but respectful reasons why it cannot be: “I’m sorry, but we both have busy weeks at work coming up, and Jake has a big test in school on Monday.”\\nSet up something else to do at the end of the visiting time, so there is no way to extend it further. For instance, arrange a dinner get-together with an old friend.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Insist on staying in a hotel when you visit overnight.\", \"描述\": \"Even if they have a spare bedroom and all the hotels in the area are pricey, make it clear from the start that you won’t be staying at your in-laws’ home. If you stay at their house, you’ll have very little control over how much time you spend with them.\\nExplain your decision based on your comfort level: “We’re simply more comfortable staying in a hotel, and I think we’ll all end up sleeping better this way.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Insist they stay in a hotel when they visit overnight.\", \"描述\": \"This can be a bit trickier, especially if you have room for them at your place. However, if possible, never make it an option from the start. For instance, when you invite them, say something like “Can we help you find a good hotel nearby?”\\nDon’t feel obligated to pay for their room, but consider it if necessary—for instance, if you know money is an issue for them.\\nIf they’ve stayed at your house before but now you know it’s best they don’t stay there again, stick to being politely honest: “Things just work out better this way, and we’ll all be better rested and happier during all the time we do spend together.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Treat them like guests in your home.\", \"描述\": \"This means being polite and respectful, and attending to their needs and comforts (within reason). However, it also means that you can request and expect them to act like guests in your home. That is, like any guest, you can expect them not to go into your room or other areas you deem off-limits.\\nBe as direct as is necessary: “We want you to be comfortable here, but we do ask that you keep out of our room and Dan’s workshop in the basement. They’re both really messy anyway!”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Communicating with Your Spouse\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prioritize the needs of your marriage.\", \"描述\": \"There are two sides to this coin. On one side, be honest with your spouse if you feel they are siding with their parents to the detriment of your relationship. On the other side, make sure you aren’t elevating your desire to limit or avoid time with your in-laws above the health of your marriage.\\nMarriages can and do crumble due to issues with in-laws, so make sure you communicate freely and regularly about any concerns you have. Don’t be afraid to propose couples’ counseling if you feel it could help.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Engage in solution-oriented discussions about in-laws.\", \"描述\": \"It’s tempting to vent to your spouse about all the terrible things your in-laws have said or done. However, keep in mind that they’re your spouse’s parents, so your partner is likely to get defensive about your criticism. Instead, focus on describing your feelings and asking for help in finding solutions that will benefit everyone.\\nRather than saying, “Your mother second-guesses every decision I make about the kids,” try something like, “I feel like I’m not respected as a parent when all my decisions are questioned by your mother.”\\nOnce you’ve expressed your feelings, work toward solutions. You could say, “I’d really like if we could both sit down with her and talk about some of our differences on raising kids.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Compromise on accepting and avoiding visits.\", \"描述\": \"In most cases, you can’t expect your spouse to completely cut their parents out of their life, and making them visit without you every time is still likely to cause marriage friction. Most likely, you’ll have to work with your partner to find a happy medium of visits with the in-laws.\\nFor instance, instead of spending both Thanksgiving and Christmas with your in-laws every year, perhaps you could spend only one of the holidays with them and take a trip with just your spouse (and kids, if you have any) for the other one.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Present a unified front with your spouse at all times.\", \"描述\": \"If you and your partner aren’t on the same page, your in-laws can—unintentionally or intentionally—drive a wedge between you. This is why it’s so important to talk through your concerns with your spouse and come up with solutions that you can both accept. And, once you agree to a plan of action, you need to encourage your spouse to hold steady to it, even if it may be uncomfortable for them to do so.\\nIt may, for instance, be very difficult for your spouse to tell their parents that you won’t all be spending Easter together. Make sure you give your spouse ample encouragement beforehand and talk through how you will both approach the conversation with your in-laws.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Aim to have a good or at least tolerable relationship with your in-laws, but don’t feel like they have to be your second set of parents. According to at least one study, men who have a very close relationship with their in-laws are 20% less likely to get divorced, while women who do are 20% more likely. So, maybe the best advice is to seek out the relationship level that works best for your situation.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,250 | How to Avoid Your Parents Without Hurting Their Feelings | 1. Using Avoidance Tactics as a Teen
1-1. Join a club or organization to spend time away from home.
If you're looking for a little time away from your parents, consider joining something they'd approve of that lets you get away for certain periods of time. For example, you could join an educational club that you feel passionate about or become a part of the yearbook or newspaper staff. That way, your parents won't worry about you being away from them, and you have a good excuse for some away time.
1-2. Volunteer to have a good reason to be out.
You can also fill your time by volunteering. Your parents will view this activity as a responsible, caring thing to do, and you'll get to spend time somewhere away from your parents. Look around in your area, and figure out where you'd be a good fit. You'll find a wide variety of places to volunteer. Plus, volunteering will look good on your resume or college application.
For instance, you could read to younger kids at the library or volunteer at your local church.
You could also help build houses with Habitat for Humanity or help sort food at a food bank.
1-3. Pick up a hobby to spend time on your own.
If you need to be at home but you still want to be away from your parents, consider picking up a hobby that requires you to be alone to practice or work on it. For example, you could learn an instrument, plant a garden, learn to draw, take up jogging, or learn yoga. In fact, you could even convince your parents to let you take a class so you'd have time away from home and need to spend time at home working on it.
1-4. Get a job to have a responsible reason to be away from home.
Another way to spend some time away from your parents is to get a job. Of course, you need your parents' permission to get a job, but your parents can likely be persuaded to let you as long as you keep your studies up. Many fast food places hire teenagers, so look around in your area.
Check around at the places you visit to see if any of them are hiring.
Present the case to your parents. Explain the reasons why getting a job would be beneficial to your development. For example, you could say, "I'd like to get a job. Getting a job would teach me to be more financially responsible and allow me to at least make my own spending money. In addition, it will give me valuable experience for the future. I promise that my school work won't suffer, as I know you want me to do well in school."
1-5. Ask to spend time at friends' houses.
This tactic works best if your parents like your friends, so try to pick the friends that your parents approve of. See if you can go over to their house certain nights a week to do homework or spend nights on the weekend. Most parents understand you want to spend time with friends.
Of course, you need to get an invitation to stay over from your friend and your friend's parents first. If you're already on good terms with them, you can even ask politely if they've allowed you to stay over in the past.
You could ask your parents, "Would it be alright if I spent Tuesday and Thursday evenings at Georgia's house for awhile? We're working on a project for trig together, and I already have permission from her parents." Of course, if you say that, you really should be working on a project together.
If you need to ask your friend's parents, you could say, "Mr. and Mrs. Jones, can I ask you a favor? Georgia and I will be working on a project together for trig, and I was wondering if we could work here two nights a week. I understand completely if you don't want to have me over that much, but I promise we'll work diligently and be quiet." You can also ask your friend to work on her parents.
1-6. Pick up responsibilities at home to earn trust.
You know that your parents like you to take care of things around the house. In fact, you probably already have assigned chores. Make sure you get your chores done on time. On top of that, if you notice something else that needs to be done, pick it up. The reason this step is important is because the more responsibility you take on, the more your parents will trust you to go out on your own. If you can go out on your own, you can avoid them more without actively rejecting their affections at home.
You can also show responsibility in other areas, such as making sure you get your homework in on time and trying not to fight with your siblings.
You can also be sure to drive safely and not get tickets when you're out and about.
1-7. Don't break your parents trust.
If you're trying to gain more independence, you need your parents to trust you. That means following their rules and doing what you say you're going to do. It also means trying not to make bad decisions like drinking alcohol or sneaking out late at night.
2. Confronting Your Parents
2-1. Figure out what you want before you talk to your parents.
When talking to your parents, you need to be able to know exactly what you want. Do you just want to be able to have some alone time, or do you really feel like you need some new responsibilities to be more independent? Maybe you feel like your parents don't trust you or respect your person, and by trying to avoid them, you're really just trying to develop your own independent self. Before you talk to your parents, try to sort out your feelings and figure out what you hope to gain.
Try writing about your feelings. Ask yourself questions like, "Why do I want to avoid my parents?" and then let yourself be free to write down what you're feeling. Look at what you've written to figure out what you want.
For instance, if you really are just trying to be more independent, talk to your parents about how you can earn their trust and ways you can start to do things on your own.
2-2. Ask them to sit down with you.
You don't want to ambush your parents at a bad time. If they're busy getting dinner ready, they won't be able to focus on you and what you need. Therefore, it's best to set up a time with them so they'll be ready to put their attention on you.
For example, you could say, "Hey, I'd like to sit down and talk to you at some point about something. When would be a good time when I'd have your full attention?"
2-3. Tell them what you want.
Of course, you don't want to be mean. However, once you've figured out what you want from your parents, you need to tell them. Start with how you're feeling, and move on to what you'd like them to do to help you change that.
For example, you could say something like, "I've been feeling restless lately. I feel like I'm getting old enough to be trusted to go out on my own more. I feel upset when you don't trust me enough to do that. I'd like to prove to you that I'm responsible enough to be trusted, but I need your input on how to do that."
Don't blame your parents. Rather, talk about your emotions to help your parents understand.
2-4. Expect reasonable boundaries as a teen.
As you are still a teen, your parents need to know where you are most of the time. While it can be annoying, giving your parents an idea of what you'll be doing can help put them at ease. Plus, they know where to find you in case of an emergency.
Remember that your parents love you and have your best interest at heart. Also, remember that they're human. They've watched you grow up, and of course, they're going to feel protective of you. Realize that it's going to be hard for them to let go.
2-5. Realize that setting boundaries may hurt your parents' feelings.
No matter how you go about it, setting a boundary or asking for space may cause your parents to get emotional. That's natural. However, if you're calm and respectful about it and help your parents see that you just want to be your own person, all of you can move forward with a healthier relationship.
3. Asking for Space as an Adult
3-1. Schedule regular time with your parents.
One way to help avoid unexpected visits is to schedule regular time with your parents. That way, they know exactly when they'll get to see you, and they won't be as tempted to just drop by. Try scheduling a once a week or bi-monthly time to get together.
You could say, "I love spending time with you two, so I'd like to set up a time where we can get together on a regular basis. That way, I know I'll get to see you."
3-2. Tell them you'll call them instead of waiting for them to call you.
If you tend to be busier than your parents are because they've retired, then you may not want to drop everything when they call. In that case, it's appropriate to say that you'll call them. Just be sure you do it fairly regularly. They are your parents, after all.
3-3. Get busy to have an excuse not to see them.
If you are newly out of your home, you may need to find an excuse to be away from home. Of course, you want to visit, but you also need to establish your new life away from your parents. In that case, joining an organization in your community or college or even a sorority or fraternity if you're in college can help you keep your distance when you need to.
This tactic can be especially good if it's something that will give you career experience, let you network, or look good on your resume.
3-4. Try to be financially independent so you're not obligated to see them.
If you ask your parents for a loan or are dependent on them when you go off to school for spending money, it can be harder to avoid them when you need to. When you're financially obligated to someone, you must be in contact with them from time to time. Save up what money you can, and as often as possible, turn to other options besides your parents.
3-5. Handle your responsibilities.
If you're newly out of the house, it's time to start being responsible for yourself. That doesn't mean you can't call your parents for advice. Of course you can. However, try to handle the small details of day-to-day life on your own, including things like scheduling dental appointments, talking to the registrar's office if you're in school, and getting your oil changed on your car.
If you're constantly dependent on your parents, it can be harder to break away from then when you need some space.
If you're in a bind at college, talk to your advisor or even your residential hall supervisor. They're there to help your figure out your way at school.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:36",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Using Avoidance Tactics as a Teen\\n1-1. Join a club or organization to spend time away from home.\\nIf you're looking for a little time away from your parents, consider joining something they'd approve of that lets you get away for certain periods of time. For example, you could join an educational club that you feel passionate about or become a part of the yearbook or newspaper staff. That way, your parents won't worry about you being away from them, and you have a good excuse for some away time.\\n1-2. Volunteer to have a good reason to be out.\\nYou can also fill your time by volunteering. Your parents will view this activity as a responsible, caring thing to do, and you'll get to spend time somewhere away from your parents. Look around in your area, and figure out where you'd be a good fit. You'll find a wide variety of places to volunteer. Plus, volunteering will look good on your resume or college application.\\nFor instance, you could read to younger kids at the library or volunteer at your local church.\\nYou could also help build houses with Habitat for Humanity or help sort food at a food bank.\\n1-3. Pick up a hobby to spend time on your own.\\nIf you need to be at home but you still want to be away from your parents, consider picking up a hobby that requires you to be alone to practice or work on it. For example, you could learn an instrument, plant a garden, learn to draw, take up jogging, or learn yoga. In fact, you could even convince your parents to let you take a class so you'd have time away from home and need to spend time at home working on it.\\n1-4. Get a job to have a responsible reason to be away from home.\\nAnother way to spend some time away from your parents is to get a job. Of course, you need your parents' permission to get a job, but your parents can likely be persuaded to let you as long as you keep your studies up. Many fast food places hire teenagers, so look around in your area.\\nCheck around at the places you visit to see if any of them are hiring.\\nPresent the case to your parents. Explain the reasons why getting a job would be beneficial to your development. For example, you could say, \\\"I'd like to get a job. Getting a job would teach me to be more financially responsible and allow me to at least make my own spending money. In addition, it will give me valuable experience for the future. I promise that my school work won't suffer, as I know you want me to do well in school.\\\"\\n1-5. Ask to spend time at friends' houses.\\nThis tactic works best if your parents like your friends, so try to pick the friends that your parents approve of. See if you can go over to their house certain nights a week to do homework or spend nights on the weekend. Most parents understand you want to spend time with friends.\\nOf course, you need to get an invitation to stay over from your friend and your friend's parents first. If you're already on good terms with them, you can even ask politely if they've allowed you to stay over in the past.\\nYou could ask your parents, \\\"Would it be alright if I spent Tuesday and Thursday evenings at Georgia's house for awhile? We're working on a project for trig together, and I already have permission from her parents.\\\" Of course, if you say that, you really should be working on a project together.\\nIf you need to ask your friend's parents, you could say, \\\"Mr. and Mrs. Jones, can I ask you a favor? Georgia and I will be working on a project together for trig, and I was wondering if we could work here two nights a week. I understand completely if you don't want to have me over that much, but I promise we'll work diligently and be quiet.\\\" You can also ask your friend to work on her parents.\\n1-6. Pick up responsibilities at home to earn trust.\\nYou know that your parents like you to take care of things around the house. In fact, you probably already have assigned chores. Make sure you get your chores done on time. On top of that, if you notice something else that needs to be done, pick it up. The reason this step is important is because the more responsibility you take on, the more your parents will trust you to go out on your own. If you can go out on your own, you can avoid them more without actively rejecting their affections at home.\\nYou can also show responsibility in other areas, such as making sure you get your homework in on time and trying not to fight with your siblings.\\nYou can also be sure to drive safely and not get tickets when you're out and about.\\n1-7. Don't break your parents trust.\\nIf you're trying to gain more independence, you need your parents to trust you. That means following their rules and doing what you say you're going to do. It also means trying not to make bad decisions like drinking alcohol or sneaking out late at night.\\n2. Confronting Your Parents\\n2-1. Figure out what you want before you talk to your parents.\\nWhen talking to your parents, you need to be able to know exactly what you want. Do you just want to be able to have some alone time, or do you really feel like you need some new responsibilities to be more independent? Maybe you feel like your parents don't trust you or respect your person, and by trying to avoid them, you're really just trying to develop your own independent self. Before you talk to your parents, try to sort out your feelings and figure out what you hope to gain.\\nTry writing about your feelings. Ask yourself questions like, \\\"Why do I want to avoid my parents?\\\" and then let yourself be free to write down what you're feeling. Look at what you've written to figure out what you want.\\nFor instance, if you really are just trying to be more independent, talk to your parents about how you can earn their trust and ways you can start to do things on your own.\\n2-2. Ask them to sit down with you.\\nYou don't want to ambush your parents at a bad time. If they're busy getting dinner ready, they won't be able to focus on you and what you need. Therefore, it's best to set up a time with them so they'll be ready to put their attention on you.\\nFor example, you could say, \\\"Hey, I'd like to sit down and talk to you at some point about something. When would be a good time when I'd have your full attention?\\\"\\n2-3. Tell them what you want.\\nOf course, you don't want to be mean. However, once you've figured out what you want from your parents, you need to tell them. Start with how you're feeling, and move on to what you'd like them to do to help you change that.\\nFor example, you could say something like, \\\"I've been feeling restless lately. I feel like I'm getting old enough to be trusted to go out on my own more. I feel upset when you don't trust me enough to do that. I'd like to prove to you that I'm responsible enough to be trusted, but I need your input on how to do that.\\\"\\nDon't blame your parents. Rather, talk about your emotions to help your parents understand.\\n2-4. Expect reasonable boundaries as a teen.\\nAs you are still a teen, your parents need to know where you are most of the time. While it can be annoying, giving your parents an idea of what you'll be doing can help put them at ease. Plus, they know where to find you in case of an emergency.\\nRemember that your parents love you and have your best interest at heart. Also, remember that they're human. They've watched you grow up, and of course, they're going to feel protective of you. Realize that it's going to be hard for them to let go.\\n2-5. Realize that setting boundaries may hurt your parents' feelings.\\nNo matter how you go about it, setting a boundary or asking for space may cause your parents to get emotional. That's natural. However, if you're calm and respectful about it and help your parents see that you just want to be your own person, all of you can move forward with a healthier relationship.\\n3. Asking for Space as an Adult\\n3-1. Schedule regular time with your parents.\\nOne way to help avoid unexpected visits is to schedule regular time with your parents. That way, they know exactly when they'll get to see you, and they won't be as tempted to just drop by. Try scheduling a once a week or bi-monthly time to get together.\\nYou could say, \\\"I love spending time with you two, so I'd like to set up a time where we can get together on a regular basis. That way, I know I'll get to see you.\\\"\\n3-2. Tell them you'll call them instead of waiting for them to call you.\\nIf you tend to be busier than your parents are because they've retired, then you may not want to drop everything when they call. In that case, it's appropriate to say that you'll call them. Just be sure you do it fairly regularly. They are your parents, after all.\\n3-3. Get busy to have an excuse not to see them.\\nIf you are newly out of your home, you may need to find an excuse to be away from home. Of course, you want to visit, but you also need to establish your new life away from your parents. In that case, joining an organization in your community or college or even a sorority or fraternity if you're in college can help you keep your distance when you need to.\\nThis tactic can be especially good if it's something that will give you career experience, let you network, or look good on your resume.\\n3-4. Try to be financially independent so you're not obligated to see them.\\nIf you ask your parents for a loan or are dependent on them when you go off to school for spending money, it can be harder to avoid them when you need to. When you're financially obligated to someone, you must be in contact with them from time to time. Save up what money you can, and as often as possible, turn to other options besides your parents.\\n3-5. Handle your responsibilities.\\nIf you're newly out of the house, it's time to start being responsible for yourself. That doesn't mean you can't call your parents for advice. Of course you can. However, try to handle the small details of day-to-day life on your own, including things like scheduling dental appointments, talking to the registrar's office if you're in school, and getting your oil changed on your car.\\nIf you're constantly dependent on your parents, it can be harder to break away from then when you need some space.\\nIf you're in a bind at college, talk to your advisor or even your residential hall supervisor. They're there to help your figure out your way at school.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Establishing boundaries with your parents can be hard whether you're a teen or adult. However, you have a right to be your own independent person. As a teen, you can use a few tactics to avoid your parents, but you can also work on confronting your parents about having more independence. As an adult, it's important to establish your own life and boundaries for your parents.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Using Avoidance Tactics as a Teen\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Join a club or organization to spend time away from home.\", \"描述\": \"If you're looking for a little time away from your parents, consider joining something they'd approve of that lets you get away for certain periods of time. For example, you could join an educational club that you feel passionate about or become a part of the yearbook or newspaper staff. That way, your parents won't worry about you being away from them, and you have a good excuse for some away time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Volunteer to have a good reason to be out.\", \"描述\": \"You can also fill your time by volunteering. Your parents will view this activity as a responsible, caring thing to do, and you'll get to spend time somewhere away from your parents. Look around in your area, and figure out where you'd be a good fit. You'll find a wide variety of places to volunteer. Plus, volunteering will look good on your resume or college application.\\nFor instance, you could read to younger kids at the library or volunteer at your local church.\\nYou could also help build houses with Habitat for Humanity or help sort food at a food bank.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pick up a hobby to spend time on your own.\", \"描述\": \"If you need to be at home but you still want to be away from your parents, consider picking up a hobby that requires you to be alone to practice or work on it. For example, you could learn an instrument, plant a garden, learn to draw, take up jogging, or learn yoga. In fact, you could even convince your parents to let you take a class so you'd have time away from home and need to spend time at home working on it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get a job to have a responsible reason to be away from home.\", \"描述\": \"Another way to spend some time away from your parents is to get a job. Of course, you need your parents' permission to get a job, but your parents can likely be persuaded to let you as long as you keep your studies up. Many fast food places hire teenagers, so look around in your area.\\nCheck around at the places you visit to see if any of them are hiring.\\nPresent the case to your parents. Explain the reasons why getting a job would be beneficial to your development. For example, you could say, \\\"I'd like to get a job. Getting a job would teach me to be more financially responsible and allow me to at least make my own spending money. In addition, it will give me valuable experience for the future. I promise that my school work won't suffer, as I know you want me to do well in school.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ask to spend time at friends' houses.\", \"描述\": \"This tactic works best if your parents like your friends, so try to pick the friends that your parents approve of. See if you can go over to their house certain nights a week to do homework or spend nights on the weekend. Most parents understand you want to spend time with friends.\\nOf course, you need to get an invitation to stay over from your friend and your friend's parents first. If you're already on good terms with them, you can even ask politely if they've allowed you to stay over in the past.\\nYou could ask your parents, \\\"Would it be alright if I spent Tuesday and Thursday evenings at Georgia's house for awhile? We're working on a project for trig together, and I already have permission from her parents.\\\" Of course, if you say that, you really should be working on a project together.\\nIf you need to ask your friend's parents, you could say, \\\"Mr. and Mrs. Jones, can I ask you a favor? Georgia and I will be working on a project together for trig, and I was wondering if we could work here two nights a week. I understand completely if you don't want to have me over that much, but I promise we'll work diligently and be quiet.\\\" You can also ask your friend to work on her parents.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Pick up responsibilities at home to earn trust.\", \"描述\": \"You know that your parents like you to take care of things around the house. In fact, you probably already have assigned chores. Make sure you get your chores done on time. On top of that, if you notice something else that needs to be done, pick it up. The reason this step is important is because the more responsibility you take on, the more your parents will trust you to go out on your own. If you can go out on your own, you can avoid them more without actively rejecting their affections at home.\\nYou can also show responsibility in other areas, such as making sure you get your homework in on time and trying not to fight with your siblings.\\nYou can also be sure to drive safely and not get tickets when you're out and about.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Don't break your parents trust.\", \"描述\": \"If you're trying to gain more independence, you need your parents to trust you. That means following their rules and doing what you say you're going to do. It also means trying not to make bad decisions like drinking alcohol or sneaking out late at night.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Confronting Your Parents\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Figure out what you want before you talk to your parents.\", \"描述\": \"When talking to your parents, you need to be able to know exactly what you want. Do you just want to be able to have some alone time, or do you really feel like you need some new responsibilities to be more independent? Maybe you feel like your parents don't trust you or respect your person, and by trying to avoid them, you're really just trying to develop your own independent self. Before you talk to your parents, try to sort out your feelings and figure out what you hope to gain.\\nTry writing about your feelings. Ask yourself questions like, \\\"Why do I want to avoid my parents?\\\" and then let yourself be free to write down what you're feeling. Look at what you've written to figure out what you want.\\nFor instance, if you really are just trying to be more independent, talk to your parents about how you can earn their trust and ways you can start to do things on your own.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask them to sit down with you.\", \"描述\": \"You don't want to ambush your parents at a bad time. If they're busy getting dinner ready, they won't be able to focus on you and what you need. Therefore, it's best to set up a time with them so they'll be ready to put their attention on you.\\nFor example, you could say, \\\"Hey, I'd like to sit down and talk to you at some point about something. When would be a good time when I'd have your full attention?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tell them what you want.\", \"描述\": \"Of course, you don't want to be mean. However, once you've figured out what you want from your parents, you need to tell them. Start with how you're feeling, and move on to what you'd like them to do to help you change that.\\nFor example, you could say something like, \\\"I've been feeling restless lately. I feel like I'm getting old enough to be trusted to go out on my own more. I feel upset when you don't trust me enough to do that. I'd like to prove to you that I'm responsible enough to be trusted, but I need your input on how to do that.\\\"\\nDon't blame your parents. Rather, talk about your emotions to help your parents understand.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Expect reasonable boundaries as a teen.\", \"描述\": \"As you are still a teen, your parents need to know where you are most of the time. While it can be annoying, giving your parents an idea of what you'll be doing can help put them at ease. Plus, they know where to find you in case of an emergency.\\nRemember that your parents love you and have your best interest at heart. Also, remember that they're human. They've watched you grow up, and of course, they're going to feel protective of you. Realize that it's going to be hard for them to let go.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Realize that setting boundaries may hurt your parents' feelings.\", \"描述\": \"No matter how you go about it, setting a boundary or asking for space may cause your parents to get emotional. That's natural. However, if you're calm and respectful about it and help your parents see that you just want to be your own person, all of you can move forward with a healthier relationship.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Asking for Space as an Adult\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Schedule regular time with your parents.\", \"描述\": \"One way to help avoid unexpected visits is to schedule regular time with your parents. That way, they know exactly when they'll get to see you, and they won't be as tempted to just drop by. Try scheduling a once a week or bi-monthly time to get together.\\nYou could say, \\\"I love spending time with you two, so I'd like to set up a time where we can get together on a regular basis. That way, I know I'll get to see you.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tell them you'll call them instead of waiting for them to call you.\", \"描述\": \"If you tend to be busier than your parents are because they've retired, then you may not want to drop everything when they call. In that case, it's appropriate to say that you'll call them. Just be sure you do it fairly regularly. They are your parents, after all.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get busy to have an excuse not to see them.\", \"描述\": \"If you are newly out of your home, you may need to find an excuse to be away from home. Of course, you want to visit, but you also need to establish your new life away from your parents. In that case, joining an organization in your community or college or even a sorority or fraternity if you're in college can help you keep your distance when you need to.\\nThis tactic can be especially good if it's something that will give you career experience, let you network, or look good on your resume.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Try to be financially independent so you're not obligated to see them.\", \"描述\": \"If you ask your parents for a loan or are dependent on them when you go off to school for spending money, it can be harder to avoid them when you need to. When you're financially obligated to someone, you must be in contact with them from time to time. Save up what money you can, and as often as possible, turn to other options besides your parents.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Handle your responsibilities.\", \"描述\": \"If you're newly out of the house, it's time to start being responsible for yourself. That doesn't mean you can't call your parents for advice. Of course you can. However, try to handle the small details of day-to-day life on your own, including things like scheduling dental appointments, talking to the registrar's office if you're in school, and getting your oil changed on your car.\\nIf you're constantly dependent on your parents, it can be harder to break away from then when you need some space.\\nIf you're in a bind at college, talk to your advisor or even your residential hall supervisor. They're there to help your figure out your way at school.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,251 | How to Avoid a Boring Life | 1. Meeting New People
1-1. Volunteer for a cause.
Occupy your time by doing something good for others. This will help you connect with other volunteers who share your interests. Volunteering for a cause can also help you find purpose and may even make you feel better about yourself.
You can find local volunteering opportunities online.
If you aren't able to volunteer at a specific location, consider moderating a forum dedicated to a cause important to you or contribute to an organizations website.
1-2. Join a local club.
Clubs and social groups are popular in many communities. Find one dedicated to one of your interests to meet like minded people. You can usually find club information at community centers, churches, local coffee houses, or online
Joining a book club is a really great way to provide social opportunities and also incorporate the joy of reading into your life.
1-3. Throw a party.
Interacting with interesting people will intrigue you and likely result in feeling more interesting yourself. If you find it difficult to meet new people, host a party and ask your friends to bring guests. This will create the opportunity to extend your network, and your friends will be there to help you feel more comfortable.
You might consider hosting regular themed dinner parties or co-host with a friend to become comfortable in your role as host.
2. Exploring New Places
2-1. Travel with friends and alone.
Explore the world to find new cultures and sights to experience. Traveling isn't just a great way to occupy your time. Travelers report being healthier, happier, and more tolerant of others. Travel with friends, family or a travel group to increase social interaction while traveling. If others can't accompany you, consider traveling alone. Lone travelers may experience more reflective and relaxing trips.
Many people are interested in traveling, so creating some travel memories will provide you material to liven up boring conversation.
2-2. Visit local attractions.
Become an expert on local attractions and tour friends and family around. This is more cost effective than traveling, but you'll still have the joy of discovering new places. Research local attractions online before visiting and invite a friend to explore them with you.
You might enjoy writing online reviews of all of the places you visit.
Even simple changes can make a big difference—try watching the sunset in a beautiful spot outdoors, for instance, or try a cafe you've never been to before.
2-3. Walk, instead of driving.
You might be surprised by all of the things you miss during your regular commute. Walking provides an opportunity to interact with your environment in a new way. You might also find the extra time outside helps to improve your mood and physical health.
To keep things interesting on your walks, try taking photos of things you come across. This will force you to slow down and create time for reflection.
If you live too far away from work to walk, try taking a different route than normal, just to change things up.
2-4. Hike to challenge yourself.
If walking isn't exciting enough for you, hiking may be what you're looking for. Hiking will provide physical challenge, and an opportunity to explore new places. You can find local trail maps and information online.
If you are new to hiking, start with easy trails. It's best to overestimate hike difficult and underestimate your ability until you are seasoned.
Hike with friends to create more opportunities to socialize and stay safe.
3. Trying New Things
3-1. Take a class.
Become engrossed in a new hobby or develop a new skill. In addition to providing one more interesting thing for you to share with others, lifelong learners tend to be happier and healthier. You can find local and low cost classes at community centers, community colleges, and online.
Examples of popular classes include, foreign languages, dance, and art.
3-2. Eat adventurously.
Learn to cook something new. Preparing and eating new dishes can be exciting and adventurous eating may be related to healthier lifestyles. If you aren't much of a cook, commit to trying all of the restaurants in your local area.
Don't worry about not liking the food. If you don't like it, at least you've learned something new about yourself and have one more thing to talk about.
3-3. Be the audience volunteer.
When learning something new, fully embrace the experience. When in classes or at shows, volunteer when teachers or performers ask. Directly interacting with the demonstrator will help you to stay present in the moment and fully embrace the new task.
If you are shy or have social anxiety, you may not be comfortable volunteering in front of others. You might try staying after class to ask questions or request individual assistance.
4. Expressing your Creativity
4-1. Start crafting.
Crafting will allow you to create something interesting to share with others. This will both occupy your time and provide topics of conversation. You can find detailed instructions and video demonstrations for most crafts online. Crafting ideas span a wide range of complexity and include various degrees of skill.
In addition to capturing your interest and making you more interesting, crafting may also improve mood.
4-2. Garden to create an interesting display to show others.
Gardening is a healthy way to occupy your time and contributes to the maintenance of your home. In addition to creating opportunities to learn about new plants and techniques, you'll reap the health benefits of additional time outdoors.
You can incorporate interesting food experiences by growing vegetables and/or fruit you haven't tried before.
4-3. Start a blog.
Share all of your interesting experiences with others. You can create a blog to chronicle you adventures, share artistic creations, or express all of your interesting thoughts.
You can start blogs or websites for free online.
5. Changing Boring Habits
5-1. Challenge negative self-talk.
Self-talk is your inner dialogue. Negative self-talk works to dissuade you from trying new things by convincing you that you'll only fail. If you listen to this negative self-talk, you may find yourself struck in a rut, avoiding anything new and exciting. Challenge that type of thinking a choose to take on adventure despite your doubts.
When you notice you are engaging in negative self-talk, ask yourself "Is thinking this way helping me feel good or achieve my goals?" If the answer is no, refocus you inner dialogue on the potential benefits of taking on something new.
Don't let fear hold you back from trying new things. For instance, if you really want to travel, but you feel nervous about it, you have to override that fear so you can follow your dream.
5-2. Don't be afraid of being judged.
Fear of being judged is powerful, but the reality is you will be judged anyway. Being judged as the person who tried to do something amazing and failed may be better than being judged as the person who never tried to do anything interesting.
Your personal image is a good place to start being more adventurous. Experiment with different styles. If some fall flat, don't work, you can quickly change it.
5-3. Take control of your situation.
Boredom may result from feeling out of control of your environment. Maybe you have to wait in a waiting room or line. Take control by being prepared by carrying puzzles or handheld games with you.
Rather than focusing on the environment, engross yourself in an activity you enjoy. Try downloading a few games on your smartphone or carrying a book with you wherever you go.
Tips
To live a meaningful life, find the balance between logic and imagination—don't let the outside world destroy your passion and your enthusiasm.[16]
X
Expert Source
Rachel ClissoldCertified Life Coach
Expert Interview. 26 August 2020.
Increase social interaction by inviting friends to try new things with you.
Figuring out what you don't like can be just as fun as finding things you do.
Warnings
Be careful when using alcohol. Excessive use may be dangerous and isn't likely to improve your situation.
Make note of any food allergies before embarking on food adventures.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:36",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Meeting New People\\n1-1. Volunteer for a cause.\\nOccupy your time by doing something good for others. This will help you connect with other volunteers who share your interests. Volunteering for a cause can also help you find purpose and may even make you feel better about yourself.\\nYou can find local volunteering opportunities online.\\nIf you aren't able to volunteer at a specific location, consider moderating a forum dedicated to a cause important to you or contribute to an organizations website.\\n1-2. Join a local club.\\nClubs and social groups are popular in many communities. Find one dedicated to one of your interests to meet like minded people. You can usually find club information at community centers, churches, local coffee houses, or online\\nJoining a book club is a really great way to provide social opportunities and also incorporate the joy of reading into your life.\\n1-3. Throw a party.\\nInteracting with interesting people will intrigue you and likely result in feeling more interesting yourself. If you find it difficult to meet new people, host a party and ask your friends to bring guests. This will create the opportunity to extend your network, and your friends will be there to help you feel more comfortable.\\nYou might consider hosting regular themed dinner parties or co-host with a friend to become comfortable in your role as host.\\n2. Exploring New Places\\n2-1. Travel with friends and alone.\\nExplore the world to find new cultures and sights to experience. Traveling isn't just a great way to occupy your time. Travelers report being healthier, happier, and more tolerant of others. Travel with friends, family or a travel group to increase social interaction while traveling. If others can't accompany you, consider traveling alone. Lone travelers may experience more reflective and relaxing trips.\\nMany people are interested in traveling, so creating some travel memories will provide you material to liven up boring conversation.\\n2-2. Visit local attractions.\\nBecome an expert on local attractions and tour friends and family around. This is more cost effective than traveling, but you'll still have the joy of discovering new places. Research local attractions online before visiting and invite a friend to explore them with you.\\nYou might enjoy writing online reviews of all of the places you visit.\\nEven simple changes can make a big difference—try watching the sunset in a beautiful spot outdoors, for instance, or try a cafe you've never been to before.\\n2-3. Walk, instead of driving.\\nYou might be surprised by all of the things you miss during your regular commute. Walking provides an opportunity to interact with your environment in a new way. You might also find the extra time outside helps to improve your mood and physical health.\\nTo keep things interesting on your walks, try taking photos of things you come across. This will force you to slow down and create time for reflection.\\nIf you live too far away from work to walk, try taking a different route than normal, just to change things up.\\n2-4. Hike to challenge yourself.\\nIf walking isn't exciting enough for you, hiking may be what you're looking for. Hiking will provide physical challenge, and an opportunity to explore new places. You can find local trail maps and information online.\\nIf you are new to hiking, start with easy trails. It's best to overestimate hike difficult and underestimate your ability until you are seasoned.\\nHike with friends to create more opportunities to socialize and stay safe.\\n3. Trying New Things\\n3-1. Take a class.\\nBecome engrossed in a new hobby or develop a new skill. In addition to providing one more interesting thing for you to share with others, lifelong learners tend to be happier and healthier. You can find local and low cost classes at community centers, community colleges, and online.\\nExamples of popular classes include, foreign languages, dance, and art.\\n3-2. Eat adventurously.\\nLearn to cook something new. Preparing and eating new dishes can be exciting and adventurous eating may be related to healthier lifestyles. If you aren't much of a cook, commit to trying all of the restaurants in your local area.\\nDon't worry about not liking the food. If you don't like it, at least you've learned something new about yourself and have one more thing to talk about.\\n3-3. Be the audience volunteer.\\nWhen learning something new, fully embrace the experience. When in classes or at shows, volunteer when teachers or performers ask. Directly interacting with the demonstrator will help you to stay present in the moment and fully embrace the new task.\\nIf you are shy or have social anxiety, you may not be comfortable volunteering in front of others. You might try staying after class to ask questions or request individual assistance.\\n4. Expressing your Creativity\\n4-1. Start crafting.\\nCrafting will allow you to create something interesting to share with others. This will both occupy your time and provide topics of conversation. You can find detailed instructions and video demonstrations for most crafts online. Crafting ideas span a wide range of complexity and include various degrees of skill.\\nIn addition to capturing your interest and making you more interesting, crafting may also improve mood.\\n4-2. Garden to create an interesting display to show others.\\nGardening is a healthy way to occupy your time and contributes to the maintenance of your home. In addition to creating opportunities to learn about new plants and techniques, you'll reap the health benefits of additional time outdoors.\\nYou can incorporate interesting food experiences by growing vegetables and/or fruit you haven't tried before.\\n4-3. Start a blog.\\nShare all of your interesting experiences with others. You can create a blog to chronicle you adventures, share artistic creations, or express all of your interesting thoughts.\\nYou can start blogs or websites for free online.\\n5. Changing Boring Habits\\n5-1. Challenge negative self-talk.\\nSelf-talk is your inner dialogue. Negative self-talk works to dissuade you from trying new things by convincing you that you'll only fail. If you listen to this negative self-talk, you may find yourself struck in a rut, avoiding anything new and exciting. Challenge that type of thinking a choose to take on adventure despite your doubts.\\nWhen you notice you are engaging in negative self-talk, ask yourself \\\"Is thinking this way helping me feel good or achieve my goals?\\\" If the answer is no, refocus you inner dialogue on the potential benefits of taking on something new.\\nDon't let fear hold you back from trying new things. For instance, if you really want to travel, but you feel nervous about it, you have to override that fear so you can follow your dream.\\n5-2. Don't be afraid of being judged.\\nFear of being judged is powerful, but the reality is you will be judged anyway. Being judged as the person who tried to do something amazing and failed may be better than being judged as the person who never tried to do anything interesting.\\nYour personal image is a good place to start being more adventurous. Experiment with different styles. If some fall flat, don't work, you can quickly change it.\\n5-3. Take control of your situation.\\nBoredom may result from feeling out of control of your environment. Maybe you have to wait in a waiting room or line. Take control by being prepared by carrying puzzles or handheld games with you.\\nRather than focusing on the environment, engross yourself in an activity you enjoy. Try downloading a few games on your smartphone or carrying a book with you wherever you go.\\nTips\\nTo live a meaningful life, find the balance between logic and imagination—don't let the outside world destroy your passion and your enthusiasm.[16]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nRachel ClissoldCertified Life Coach\\nExpert Interview. 26 August 2020.\\nIncrease social interaction by inviting friends to try new things with you.\\nFiguring out what you don't like can be just as fun as finding things you do.\\nWarnings\\nBe careful when using alcohol. Excessive use may be dangerous and isn't likely to improve your situation.\\nMake note of any food allergies before embarking on food adventures.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you find you are frequently bored or concerned others may find you boring, it's time to change your routine. In addition to being generally pleasurable, learning new things and socializing improve your overall sense of well-being. Find opportunities to experience new things and people to add excitement to your life. Luckily, there are plenty of ways to add zest to life.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Meeting New People\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Volunteer for a cause.\", \"描述\": \"Occupy your time by doing something good for others. This will help you connect with other volunteers who share your interests. Volunteering for a cause can also help you find purpose and may even make you feel better about yourself.\\nYou can find local volunteering opportunities online.\\nIf you aren't able to volunteer at a specific location, consider moderating a forum dedicated to a cause important to you or contribute to an organizations website.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Join a local club.\", \"描述\": \"Clubs and social groups are popular in many communities. Find one dedicated to one of your interests to meet like minded people. You can usually find club information at community centers, churches, local coffee houses, or online\\nJoining a book club is a really great way to provide social opportunities and also incorporate the joy of reading into your life.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Throw a party.\", \"描述\": \"Interacting with interesting people will intrigue you and likely result in feeling more interesting yourself. If you find it difficult to meet new people, host a party and ask your friends to bring guests. This will create the opportunity to extend your network, and your friends will be there to help you feel more comfortable.\\nYou might consider hosting regular themed dinner parties or co-host with a friend to become comfortable in your role as host.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Exploring New Places\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Travel with friends and alone.\", \"描述\": \"Explore the world to find new cultures and sights to experience. Traveling isn't just a great way to occupy your time. Travelers report being healthier, happier, and more tolerant of others. Travel with friends, family or a travel group to increase social interaction while traveling. If others can't accompany you, consider traveling alone. Lone travelers may experience more reflective and relaxing trips.\\nMany people are interested in traveling, so creating some travel memories will provide you material to liven up boring conversation.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Visit local attractions.\", \"描述\": \"Become an expert on local attractions and tour friends and family around. This is more cost effective than traveling, but you'll still have the joy of discovering new places. Research local attractions online before visiting and invite a friend to explore them with you.\\nYou might enjoy writing online reviews of all of the places you visit.\\nEven simple changes can make a big difference—try watching the sunset in a beautiful spot outdoors, for instance, or try a cafe you've never been to before.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Walk, instead of driving.\", \"描述\": \"You might be surprised by all of the things you miss during your regular commute. Walking provides an opportunity to interact with your environment in a new way. You might also find the extra time outside helps to improve your mood and physical health.\\nTo keep things interesting on your walks, try taking photos of things you come across. This will force you to slow down and create time for reflection.\\nIf you live too far away from work to walk, try taking a different route than normal, just to change things up.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Hike to challenge yourself.\", \"描述\": \"If walking isn't exciting enough for you, hiking may be what you're looking for. Hiking will provide physical challenge, and an opportunity to explore new places. You can find local trail maps and information online.\\nIf you are new to hiking, start with easy trails. It's best to overestimate hike difficult and underestimate your ability until you are seasoned.\\nHike with friends to create more opportunities to socialize and stay safe.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Trying New Things\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take a class.\", \"描述\": \"Become engrossed in a new hobby or develop a new skill. In addition to providing one more interesting thing for you to share with others, lifelong learners tend to be happier and healthier. You can find local and low cost classes at community centers, community colleges, and online.\\nExamples of popular classes include, foreign languages, dance, and art.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Eat adventurously.\", \"描述\": \"Learn to cook something new. Preparing and eating new dishes can be exciting and adventurous eating may be related to healthier lifestyles. If you aren't much of a cook, commit to trying all of the restaurants in your local area.\\nDon't worry about not liking the food. If you don't like it, at least you've learned something new about yourself and have one more thing to talk about.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be the audience volunteer.\", \"描述\": \"When learning something new, fully embrace the experience. When in classes or at shows, volunteer when teachers or performers ask. Directly interacting with the demonstrator will help you to stay present in the moment and fully embrace the new task.\\nIf you are shy or have social anxiety, you may not be comfortable volunteering in front of others. You might try staying after class to ask questions or request individual assistance.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Expressing your Creativity\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Start crafting.\", \"描述\": \"Crafting will allow you to create something interesting to share with others. This will both occupy your time and provide topics of conversation. You can find detailed instructions and video demonstrations for most crafts online. Crafting ideas span a wide range of complexity and include various degrees of skill.\\nIn addition to capturing your interest and making you more interesting, crafting may also improve mood.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Garden to create an interesting display to show others.\", \"描述\": \"Gardening is a healthy way to occupy your time and contributes to the maintenance of your home. In addition to creating opportunities to learn about new plants and techniques, you'll reap the health benefits of additional time outdoors.\\nYou can incorporate interesting food experiences by growing vegetables and/or fruit you haven't tried before.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Start a blog.\", \"描述\": \"Share all of your interesting experiences with others. You can create a blog to chronicle you adventures, share artistic creations, or express all of your interesting thoughts.\\nYou can start blogs or websites for free online.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Changing Boring Habits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Challenge negative self-talk.\", \"描述\": \"Self-talk is your inner dialogue. Negative self-talk works to dissuade you from trying new things by convincing you that you'll only fail. If you listen to this negative self-talk, you may find yourself struck in a rut, avoiding anything new and exciting. Challenge that type of thinking a choose to take on adventure despite your doubts.\\nWhen you notice you are engaging in negative self-talk, ask yourself \\\"Is thinking this way helping me feel good or achieve my goals?\\\" If the answer is no, refocus you inner dialogue on the potential benefits of taking on something new.\\nDon't let fear hold you back from trying new things. For instance, if you really want to travel, but you feel nervous about it, you have to override that fear so you can follow your dream.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don't be afraid of being judged.\", \"描述\": \"Fear of being judged is powerful, but the reality is you will be judged anyway. Being judged as the person who tried to do something amazing and failed may be better than being judged as the person who never tried to do anything interesting.\\nYour personal image is a good place to start being more adventurous. Experiment with different styles. If some fall flat, don't work, you can quickly change it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take control of your situation.\", \"描述\": \"Boredom may result from feeling out of control of your environment. Maybe you have to wait in a waiting room or line. Take control by being prepared by carrying puzzles or handheld games with you.\\nRather than focusing on the environment, engross yourself in an activity you enjoy. Try downloading a few games on your smartphone or carrying a book with you wherever you go.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"To live a meaningful life, find the balance between logic and imagination—don't let the outside world destroy your passion and your enthusiasm.[16]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nRachel ClissoldCertified Life Coach\\nExpert Interview. 26 August 2020.\\n\", \"Increase social interaction by inviting friends to try new things with you.\\n\", \"Figuring out what you don't like can be just as fun as finding things you do.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be careful when using alcohol. Excessive use may be dangerous and isn't likely to improve your situation.\\n\", \"Make note of any food allergies before embarking on food adventures.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,252 | How to Avoid a Cesarean Section | 1. Finding the Right Pregnancy Care
1-1. Consider using a certified midwife.
Most women deliver their babies under the care of obstetricians, but studies show that midwives can be more successful at guiding laboring women through vaginal deliveries without unnecessary interventions, like a C-section. Before you use a midwife, confirm her credentials as a certified nurse-midwife (CNM). A CNM will have a bachelor's degree and/or a master's degree, will have completed nursing and midwifery training, and have passed exams to be certified and licensed as a midwife through their state of practice.
Midwives are not trained to perform surgery or handle high-risk deliveries, but most are affiliated with hospitals or obstetrical associations. Be aware that if you end up having complications when you go into labor, a midwife will have to transfer you into the care of an obstetrician. Talk about the possibilities of complications with your midwife well before your due date approaches and add instructions to your birth plan about what to do in the event of complications during labor.
Ask your provider how often she performs episiotomies. This is when a surgical incision is made during the second trimester to enlarge the vaginal opening for the baby to pass through. This procedure is becoming less and less common, but you should ask the midwife if this is something she practices.
Midwives generally do not instruments like forceps or vacuums, as they are usually not trained to use them, and they generally do not have the privileges to do so. Be aware that these devices can be lifesaving to mom and baby, and can often prevent the need for a cesarean.
Their patients generally require less pain medication (though some midwives cannot administer drugs or anesthesia, which may impact how many of their patients use pain medication). After delivery, patients report being happier with their experience.
If you have a high-risk pregnancy, such as expecting twins or multiples, or if you have gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, or chronic health problems, it is not advisable to work with a midwife without an obstetrician.
1-2. Ask your obstetrician about her policy on C-sections.
If you decide to go with an obstetrician rather than a midwife, make sure you choose one who respects your desire to have a vaginal birth. Ask about where she will deliver your baby: are you limited to a particular hospital, or do you have other options, including birth centers? More flexibility will give you more control over how you will deliver your baby.
Ask your obstetrician what her “primary cesarean rate” is. This number represents the percentage of first-time cesareans performed by your doctor. The number should be as low as possible, ideally around 15–20%.
1-3. Get a doula for additional support.
Doulas are non medical professionals who can be hired to accompany you to your hospital or birth center and offer you extra assistance throughout your labor and delivery. They are not medical care providers, but their guidance and support can contribute to faster labors with fewer complications and lower rates of cesarean sections.
A recent study showed that many pregnant women do not know about the services provided by a doula and as a result, are not reaping the benefits of doula care. Ask your obstetrician to recommend a doula or ask other mothers if they can recommend a doula. Some birthing centers may offer doula assistance as part of your overall care at their facility.
Keep in mind the services of a doula will likely not be covered by your health insurance and doula rates can range from several hundred to several thousand dollars.
1-4. Take a natural birthing class.
Get more information on how to prevent a C-section by taking a natural birthing class, which will focus on breathing techniques, and how to get through labor without any pain medication or intervention. You will learn how to manage your pain naturally through body positioning and breathing exercises, which can reduce your need for medical interventions, including a C-section.
If you are giving birth at a birthing center or a hospital, ask them for a referral to a natural birthing class. Your doula may also be able to recommend a birthing class, if you are using the services of a doula.
2. Adjusting Your Diet and Doing Exercise
2-1. Eat a balanced and healthy diet during your pregnancy.
Labor and delivery are physically demanding, and you need to be able to meet those challenges. Eating a healthy diet with plenty of protein, fruits, vegetables, and complex carbohydrates will help you be in the best shape possible when the time comes.
Obesity is one of the biggest risk factors for requiring a cesarean. Optimizing your health prior to pregnancy limiting weight gain through exercise and proper diet can help lower your chances of a cesarean.
Maintain a well balanced diet that contains the four food groups: fruits and vegetables, protein, dairy and grains.
Make sure your daily diet consists of five portions of fresh or frozen fruit, six ounces or less of protein like meat, fish, eggs, soya, or tofu, three to four servings of fresh or frozen vegetables, six to eight servings of grains like bread, rice, pasta, and breakfast cereals, and two to three servings of dairy like yogurt and hard cheeses.
It is also important that you maintain a healthy weight for your age and body type. Avoid being underweight or overweight while pregnant, as this can lead to complications and health issues. You can calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI) using an online BMI calculator and determine how many calories per a day you should be consuming to maintain a healthy weight.
If you are concerned about your diet, ask your doctor or midwife for specific advice. If you have gestational diabetes or other complications, you will need to follow additional, specific dietary guidelines.
2-2. Exercise throughout your pregnancy
As long as your doctor or midwife approves, moderate exercise will also help you stay fit and ready to meet the demands of childbirth.
Do low impact exercises like swimming, walking, and yoga. You can also do targeted exercises made for pregnant women, such as ab exercises.
Avoid exercises where you lie flat on your back after your first trimester, as well as contact sports, and activities that pose a risk of falling, such as skiing, surfing, and horseback riding.
2-3. Get plenty of rest, especially during your last trimester.
If you can go into labor as well-rested as possible, you will be more likely to handle the physical demands of childbirth without needing interventions. Most pregnant women need more sleep than they think, as their body is supporting a baby and may be more tired than usual.
It can be tricky to find a comfortable position to lie down while you are pregnant that will not endanger your baby. Try to lie down on your left side, with your legs bent. You can use a body pillow or several pillows on your lower back to sleep in comfort.
2-4. Do prenatal yoga.
Prenatal yoga has been shown to improve your sleep, reduce any stress or anxiety, and give your muscles more strength, flexibility, and endurance to have a smooth childbirth. It can also reduce your risk of preterm labor, and other labor related issues that could lead to an emergency C-section.
During a typical prenatal yoga class, you will learn breathing techniques, do gentle stretching, and do postures to strengthen your flexibility and balance. You will also be given a period at the end of the class to cool down and relax.
3. Avoiding Unnecessary Interventions During Labor
3-1. Do not go to the hospital until you are in active labor.
Showing up too early at the hospital, when you are still in the early stages of labor can lead to unnecessary interventions during labor, including a possible C-section.
The first phase of labor is the longest, with mild contractions. Walking around, being on your feet, and squatting during this phase will help your labor continue in a healthy and normal fashion until you reach active labor. This phase of labor often occurs later than once thought by doctors, when your cervix is at least six centimeters dilated. Staying at home until you are in active labor and it is time for medical intervention can help to ensure a vaginal birth.
3-2. Avoid being induced during labor.
In some cases, labor induction, which when labor is brought on with drugs or instruments, is medically necessary. But as long as you and the baby are doing well during labor, it is best to avoid labor induction. Research has shown that induction during labor can double your likelihood of having a cesarean section.
Try to avoid an “elective induction,” which is an induction done purely for convenience, rather than necessity. Instead, lean on your birthing partner, your spouse, or your doula and use the breathing and labor techniques you learned in a birthing class to encourage labor.
3-3. Ask your doctor about your pain management options.
There is conflicting evidence for whether or not epidurals can increase your chance of a cesarean section. An epidural delivered too early in labor may increase your chances of C-section; however, a combined spinal epidural (CSE) or "walking" epidural offers pain relief without numbness and can actually make pushing easier. Talk to your doctor or midwife about the relative benefits and risks of pain medications so you can decide which pain management option is right for you.
An epidural can limit your baby's ability to move around in the womb, so if he is in a bad position he may have a hard time adjusting to a better position during labor. When you are given an epidural, your ability to move around will also be limited, which could lead to complications during labor.
You may be able to reduce some of the increased risk of needing a cesarean section by waiting until you are at least 5 centimeters (2.0 in) dilated before you get an epidural or other pain medication. By that point, your labor is less likely to slow down or stop. It can also help to stay mobile during the early stages of labor by walking around and shifting positions while you are in labor. Avoid laying flat on your back, as this can make it more difficult for your baby to get in a good labor position, and prolong your labor.
3-4. Learn how to turn a breech baby from your midwife or your obstetrician.
A baby that is breech is positioned butt-first or feet-first in the womb and if not moved, can cause complications during delivery. If your baby is breech at about 36 weeks of pregnancy, your midwife or doctor can show you hands-to-belly movements to turn the baby so he is head first. These movements can reduce the need for a C-section by ensuring your baby in is a good position for labor.
If your baby is a bad position during labor and may have a hard time passing through your pelvis despite hand movements to shift him, your obstetrician may use forceps or a vacuum extractor as a safe alternative to a C-section. Talk to your obstetrician about these procedures and specify in your birth plan if you would prefer these options to a cesarean section.
3-5. Let your birth partner know about your desire for a vaginal birth.
If you have requested that your spouse or birth partner be with you in the delivery room, make sure that person knows that you want a vaginal delivery. He or she can support you through your contractions, remind you of your goals, and speak up for you when you are too exhausted to do so effectively.
You should also specify in your birth plan that you would like a vaginal birth and give your obstetrician, your midwife, and your doula a copy of your birth plan. However, it's important that expectant mothers always include a provision in their birth plan about what to do in the event a C-section is needed due to emergency medical reasons.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:36",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Finding the Right Pregnancy Care\\n1-1. Consider using a certified midwife.\\nMost women deliver their babies under the care of obstetricians, but studies show that midwives can be more successful at guiding laboring women through vaginal deliveries without unnecessary interventions, like a C-section. Before you use a midwife, confirm her credentials as a certified nurse-midwife (CNM). A CNM will have a bachelor's degree and/or a master's degree, will have completed nursing and midwifery training, and have passed exams to be certified and licensed as a midwife through their state of practice.\\nMidwives are not trained to perform surgery or handle high-risk deliveries, but most are affiliated with hospitals or obstetrical associations. Be aware that if you end up having complications when you go into labor, a midwife will have to transfer you into the care of an obstetrician. Talk about the possibilities of complications with your midwife well before your due date approaches and add instructions to your birth plan about what to do in the event of complications during labor.\\nAsk your provider how often she performs episiotomies. This is when a surgical incision is made during the second trimester to enlarge the vaginal opening for the baby to pass through. This procedure is becoming less and less common, but you should ask the midwife if this is something she practices.\\nMidwives generally do not instruments like forceps or vacuums, as they are usually not trained to use them, and they generally do not have the privileges to do so. Be aware that these devices can be lifesaving to mom and baby, and can often prevent the need for a cesarean.\\nTheir patients generally require less pain medication (though some midwives cannot administer drugs or anesthesia, which may impact how many of their patients use pain medication). After delivery, patients report being happier with their experience.\\nIf you have a high-risk pregnancy, such as expecting twins or multiples, or if you have gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, or chronic health problems, it is not advisable to work with a midwife without an obstetrician.\\n1-2. Ask your obstetrician about her policy on C-sections.\\nIf you decide to go with an obstetrician rather than a midwife, make sure you choose one who respects your desire to have a vaginal birth. Ask about where she will deliver your baby: are you limited to a particular hospital, or do you have other options, including birth centers? More flexibility will give you more control over how you will deliver your baby.\\nAsk your obstetrician what her “primary cesarean rate” is. This number represents the percentage of first-time cesareans performed by your doctor. The number should be as low as possible, ideally around 15–20%.\\n1-3. Get a doula for additional support.\\nDoulas are non medical professionals who can be hired to accompany you to your hospital or birth center and offer you extra assistance throughout your labor and delivery. They are not medical care providers, but their guidance and support can contribute to faster labors with fewer complications and lower rates of cesarean sections.\\nA recent study showed that many pregnant women do not know about the services provided by a doula and as a result, are not reaping the benefits of doula care. Ask your obstetrician to recommend a doula or ask other mothers if they can recommend a doula. Some birthing centers may offer doula assistance as part of your overall care at their facility.\\nKeep in mind the services of a doula will likely not be covered by your health insurance and doula rates can range from several hundred to several thousand dollars.\\n1-4. Take a natural birthing class.\\nGet more information on how to prevent a C-section by taking a natural birthing class, which will focus on breathing techniques, and how to get through labor without any pain medication or intervention. You will learn how to manage your pain naturally through body positioning and breathing exercises, which can reduce your need for medical interventions, including a C-section.\\nIf you are giving birth at a birthing center or a hospital, ask them for a referral to a natural birthing class. Your doula may also be able to recommend a birthing class, if you are using the services of a doula.\\n2. Adjusting Your Diet and Doing Exercise\\n2-1. Eat a balanced and healthy diet during your pregnancy.\\nLabor and delivery are physically demanding, and you need to be able to meet those challenges. Eating a healthy diet with plenty of protein, fruits, vegetables, and complex carbohydrates will help you be in the best shape possible when the time comes.\\nObesity is one of the biggest risk factors for requiring a cesarean. Optimizing your health prior to pregnancy limiting weight gain through exercise and proper diet can help lower your chances of a cesarean.\\nMaintain a well balanced diet that contains the four food groups: fruits and vegetables, protein, dairy and grains.\\nMake sure your daily diet consists of five portions of fresh or frozen fruit, six ounces or less of protein like meat, fish, eggs, soya, or tofu, three to four servings of fresh or frozen vegetables, six to eight servings of grains like bread, rice, pasta, and breakfast cereals, and two to three servings of dairy like yogurt and hard cheeses.\\nIt is also important that you maintain a healthy weight for your age and body type. Avoid being underweight or overweight while pregnant, as this can lead to complications and health issues. You can calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI) using an online BMI calculator and determine how many calories per a day you should be consuming to maintain a healthy weight.\\nIf you are concerned about your diet, ask your doctor or midwife for specific advice. If you have gestational diabetes or other complications, you will need to follow additional, specific dietary guidelines.\\n2-2. Exercise throughout your pregnancy\\nAs long as your doctor or midwife approves, moderate exercise will also help you stay fit and ready to meet the demands of childbirth.\\nDo low impact exercises like swimming, walking, and yoga. You can also do targeted exercises made for pregnant women, such as ab exercises.\\nAvoid exercises where you lie flat on your back after your first trimester, as well as contact sports, and activities that pose a risk of falling, such as skiing, surfing, and horseback riding.\\n2-3. Get plenty of rest, especially during your last trimester.\\nIf you can go into labor as well-rested as possible, you will be more likely to handle the physical demands of childbirth without needing interventions. Most pregnant women need more sleep than they think, as their body is supporting a baby and may be more tired than usual.\\nIt can be tricky to find a comfortable position to lie down while you are pregnant that will not endanger your baby. Try to lie down on your left side, with your legs bent. You can use a body pillow or several pillows on your lower back to sleep in comfort.\\n2-4. Do prenatal yoga.\\nPrenatal yoga has been shown to improve your sleep, reduce any stress or anxiety, and give your muscles more strength, flexibility, and endurance to have a smooth childbirth. It can also reduce your risk of preterm labor, and other labor related issues that could lead to an emergency C-section.\\nDuring a typical prenatal yoga class, you will learn breathing techniques, do gentle stretching, and do postures to strengthen your flexibility and balance. You will also be given a period at the end of the class to cool down and relax.\\n3. Avoiding Unnecessary Interventions During Labor\\n3-1. Do not go to the hospital until you are in active labor.\\nShowing up too early at the hospital, when you are still in the early stages of labor can lead to unnecessary interventions during labor, including a possible C-section.\\nThe first phase of labor is the longest, with mild contractions. Walking around, being on your feet, and squatting during this phase will help your labor continue in a healthy and normal fashion until you reach active labor. This phase of labor often occurs later than once thought by doctors, when your cervix is at least six centimeters dilated. Staying at home until you are in active labor and it is time for medical intervention can help to ensure a vaginal birth.\\n3-2. Avoid being induced during labor.\\nIn some cases, labor induction, which when labor is brought on with drugs or instruments, is medically necessary. But as long as you and the baby are doing well during labor, it is best to avoid labor induction. Research has shown that induction during labor can double your likelihood of having a cesarean section.\\nTry to avoid an “elective induction,” which is an induction done purely for convenience, rather than necessity. Instead, lean on your birthing partner, your spouse, or your doula and use the breathing and labor techniques you learned in a birthing class to encourage labor.\\n3-3. Ask your doctor about your pain management options.\\nThere is conflicting evidence for whether or not epidurals can increase your chance of a cesarean section. An epidural delivered too early in labor may increase your chances of C-section; however, a combined spinal epidural (CSE) or \\\"walking\\\" epidural offers pain relief without numbness and can actually make pushing easier. Talk to your doctor or midwife about the relative benefits and risks of pain medications so you can decide which pain management option is right for you.\\nAn epidural can limit your baby's ability to move around in the womb, so if he is in a bad position he may have a hard time adjusting to a better position during labor. When you are given an epidural, your ability to move around will also be limited, which could lead to complications during labor.\\nYou may be able to reduce some of the increased risk of needing a cesarean section by waiting until you are at least 5 centimeters (2.0 in) dilated before you get an epidural or other pain medication. By that point, your labor is less likely to slow down or stop. It can also help to stay mobile during the early stages of labor by walking around and shifting positions while you are in labor. Avoid laying flat on your back, as this can make it more difficult for your baby to get in a good labor position, and prolong your labor.\\n3-4. Learn how to turn a breech baby from your midwife or your obstetrician.\\nA baby that is breech is positioned butt-first or feet-first in the womb and if not moved, can cause complications during delivery. If your baby is breech at about 36 weeks of pregnancy, your midwife or doctor can show you hands-to-belly movements to turn the baby so he is head first. These movements can reduce the need for a C-section by ensuring your baby in is a good position for labor.\\nIf your baby is a bad position during labor and may have a hard time passing through your pelvis despite hand movements to shift him, your obstetrician may use forceps or a vacuum extractor as a safe alternative to a C-section. Talk to your obstetrician about these procedures and specify in your birth plan if you would prefer these options to a cesarean section.\\n3-5. Let your birth partner know about your desire for a vaginal birth.\\nIf you have requested that your spouse or birth partner be with you in the delivery room, make sure that person knows that you want a vaginal delivery. He or she can support you through your contractions, remind you of your goals, and speak up for you when you are too exhausted to do so effectively.\\nYou should also specify in your birth plan that you would like a vaginal birth and give your obstetrician, your midwife, and your doula a copy of your birth plan. However, it's important that expectant mothers always include a provision in their birth plan about what to do in the event a C-section is needed due to emergency medical reasons.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Studies show that in the United States, over 1 million pregnant women give birth through cesarean section (C-section) annually. C-sections can resolve labors that may have medical complications, and can help to save the lives of mothers and babies due to an emergency during labor. But many experts believe that these surgeries are being performed too frequently, and sometimes for preventable reasons. If you'd like to avoid the additional risks and extended recovery periods associated with C-sections, there are a few ways to improve your odds of having a vaginal birth during your pregnancy.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Finding the Right Pregnancy Care\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider using a certified midwife.\", \"描述\": \"Most women deliver their babies under the care of obstetricians, but studies show that midwives can be more successful at guiding laboring women through vaginal deliveries without unnecessary interventions, like a C-section. Before you use a midwife, confirm her credentials as a certified nurse-midwife (CNM). A CNM will have a bachelor's degree and/or a master's degree, will have completed nursing and midwifery training, and have passed exams to be certified and licensed as a midwife through their state of practice.\\nMidwives are not trained to perform surgery or handle high-risk deliveries, but most are affiliated with hospitals or obstetrical associations. Be aware that if you end up having complications when you go into labor, a midwife will have to transfer you into the care of an obstetrician. Talk about the possibilities of complications with your midwife well before your due date approaches and add instructions to your birth plan about what to do in the event of complications during labor.\\nAsk your provider how often she performs episiotomies. This is when a surgical incision is made during the second trimester to enlarge the vaginal opening for the baby to pass through. This procedure is becoming less and less common, but you should ask the midwife if this is something she practices.\\nMidwives generally do not instruments like forceps or vacuums, as they are usually not trained to use them, and they generally do not have the privileges to do so. Be aware that these devices can be lifesaving to mom and baby, and can often prevent the need for a cesarean.\\nTheir patients generally require less pain medication (though some midwives cannot administer drugs or anesthesia, which may impact how many of their patients use pain medication). After delivery, patients report being happier with their experience.\\nIf you have a high-risk pregnancy, such as expecting twins or multiples, or if you have gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, or chronic health problems, it is not advisable to work with a midwife without an obstetrician.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask your obstetrician about her policy on C-sections.\", \"描述\": \"If you decide to go with an obstetrician rather than a midwife, make sure you choose one who respects your desire to have a vaginal birth. Ask about where she will deliver your baby: are you limited to a particular hospital, or do you have other options, including birth centers? More flexibility will give you more control over how you will deliver your baby.\\nAsk your obstetrician what her “primary cesarean rate” is. This number represents the percentage of first-time cesareans performed by your doctor. The number should be as low as possible, ideally around 15–20%.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get a doula for additional support.\", \"描述\": \"Doulas are non medical professionals who can be hired to accompany you to your hospital or birth center and offer you extra assistance throughout your labor and delivery. They are not medical care providers, but their guidance and support can contribute to faster labors with fewer complications and lower rates of cesarean sections.\\nA recent study showed that many pregnant women do not know about the services provided by a doula and as a result, are not reaping the benefits of doula care. Ask your obstetrician to recommend a doula or ask other mothers if they can recommend a doula. Some birthing centers may offer doula assistance as part of your overall care at their facility.\\nKeep in mind the services of a doula will likely not be covered by your health insurance and doula rates can range from several hundred to several thousand dollars.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take a natural birthing class.\", \"描述\": \"Get more information on how to prevent a C-section by taking a natural birthing class, which will focus on breathing techniques, and how to get through labor without any pain medication or intervention. You will learn how to manage your pain naturally through body positioning and breathing exercises, which can reduce your need for medical interventions, including a C-section.\\nIf you are giving birth at a birthing center or a hospital, ask them for a referral to a natural birthing class. Your doula may also be able to recommend a birthing class, if you are using the services of a doula.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adjusting Your Diet and Doing Exercise\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Eat a balanced and healthy diet during your pregnancy.\", \"描述\": \"Labor and delivery are physically demanding, and you need to be able to meet those challenges. Eating a healthy diet with plenty of protein, fruits, vegetables, and complex carbohydrates will help you be in the best shape possible when the time comes.\\nObesity is one of the biggest risk factors for requiring a cesarean. Optimizing your health prior to pregnancy limiting weight gain through exercise and proper diet can help lower your chances of a cesarean.\\nMaintain a well balanced diet that contains the four food groups: fruits and vegetables, protein, dairy and grains.\\nMake sure your daily diet consists of five portions of fresh or frozen fruit, six ounces or less of protein like meat, fish, eggs, soya, or tofu, three to four servings of fresh or frozen vegetables, six to eight servings of grains like bread, rice, pasta, and breakfast cereals, and two to three servings of dairy like yogurt and hard cheeses.\\nIt is also important that you maintain a healthy weight for your age and body type. Avoid being underweight or overweight while pregnant, as this can lead to complications and health issues. You can calculate your Body Mass Index (BMI) using an online BMI calculator and determine how many calories per a day you should be consuming to maintain a healthy weight.\\nIf you are concerned about your diet, ask your doctor or midwife for specific advice. If you have gestational diabetes or other complications, you will need to follow additional, specific dietary guidelines.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Exercise throughout your pregnancy\", \"描述\": \"As long as your doctor or midwife approves, moderate exercise will also help you stay fit and ready to meet the demands of childbirth.\\nDo low impact exercises like swimming, walking, and yoga. You can also do targeted exercises made for pregnant women, such as ab exercises.\\nAvoid exercises where you lie flat on your back after your first trimester, as well as contact sports, and activities that pose a risk of falling, such as skiing, surfing, and horseback riding.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get plenty of rest, especially during your last trimester.\", \"描述\": \"If you can go into labor as well-rested as possible, you will be more likely to handle the physical demands of childbirth without needing interventions. Most pregnant women need more sleep than they think, as their body is supporting a baby and may be more tired than usual.\\nIt can be tricky to find a comfortable position to lie down while you are pregnant that will not endanger your baby. Try to lie down on your left side, with your legs bent. You can use a body pillow or several pillows on your lower back to sleep in comfort.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Do prenatal yoga.\", \"描述\": \"Prenatal yoga has been shown to improve your sleep, reduce any stress or anxiety, and give your muscles more strength, flexibility, and endurance to have a smooth childbirth. It can also reduce your risk of preterm labor, and other labor related issues that could lead to an emergency C-section.\\nDuring a typical prenatal yoga class, you will learn breathing techniques, do gentle stretching, and do postures to strengthen your flexibility and balance. You will also be given a period at the end of the class to cool down and relax.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Unnecessary Interventions During Labor\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do not go to the hospital until you are in active labor.\", \"描述\": \"Showing up too early at the hospital, when you are still in the early stages of labor can lead to unnecessary interventions during labor, including a possible C-section.\\nThe first phase of labor is the longest, with mild contractions. Walking around, being on your feet, and squatting during this phase will help your labor continue in a healthy and normal fashion until you reach active labor. This phase of labor often occurs later than once thought by doctors, when your cervix is at least six centimeters dilated. Staying at home until you are in active labor and it is time for medical intervention can help to ensure a vaginal birth.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid being induced during labor.\", \"描述\": \"In some cases, labor induction, which when labor is brought on with drugs or instruments, is medically necessary. But as long as you and the baby are doing well during labor, it is best to avoid labor induction. Research has shown that induction during labor can double your likelihood of having a cesarean section.\\nTry to avoid an “elective induction,” which is an induction done purely for convenience, rather than necessity. Instead, lean on your birthing partner, your spouse, or your doula and use the breathing and labor techniques you learned in a birthing class to encourage labor.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask your doctor about your pain management options.\", \"描述\": \"There is conflicting evidence for whether or not epidurals can increase your chance of a cesarean section. An epidural delivered too early in labor may increase your chances of C-section; however, a combined spinal epidural (CSE) or \\\"walking\\\" epidural offers pain relief without numbness and can actually make pushing easier. Talk to your doctor or midwife about the relative benefits and risks of pain medications so you can decide which pain management option is right for you.\\nAn epidural can limit your baby's ability to move around in the womb, so if he is in a bad position he may have a hard time adjusting to a better position during labor. When you are given an epidural, your ability to move around will also be limited, which could lead to complications during labor.\\nYou may be able to reduce some of the increased risk of needing a cesarean section by waiting until you are at least 5 centimeters (2.0 in) dilated before you get an epidural or other pain medication. By that point, your labor is less likely to slow down or stop. It can also help to stay mobile during the early stages of labor by walking around and shifting positions while you are in labor. Avoid laying flat on your back, as this can make it more difficult for your baby to get in a good labor position, and prolong your labor.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Learn how to turn a breech baby from your midwife or your obstetrician.\", \"描述\": \"A baby that is breech is positioned butt-first or feet-first in the womb and if not moved, can cause complications during delivery. If your baby is breech at about 36 weeks of pregnancy, your midwife or doctor can show you hands-to-belly movements to turn the baby so he is head first. These movements can reduce the need for a C-section by ensuring your baby in is a good position for labor.\\nIf your baby is a bad position during labor and may have a hard time passing through your pelvis despite hand movements to shift him, your obstetrician may use forceps or a vacuum extractor as a safe alternative to a C-section. Talk to your obstetrician about these procedures and specify in your birth plan if you would prefer these options to a cesarean section.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Let your birth partner know about your desire for a vaginal birth.\", \"描述\": \"If you have requested that your spouse or birth partner be with you in the delivery room, make sure that person knows that you want a vaginal delivery. He or she can support you through your contractions, remind you of your goals, and speak up for you when you are too exhausted to do so effectively.\\nYou should also specify in your birth plan that you would like a vaginal birth and give your obstetrician, your midwife, and your doula a copy of your birth plan. However, it's important that expectant mothers always include a provision in their birth plan about what to do in the event a C-section is needed due to emergency medical reasons.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,253 | How to Avoid a Confrontation | 1. Calming Yourself Down
1-1. Take a deep breath.
If you feel agitated, instead of starting an argument, pause. Take a deep breath. Let your breath reach deep into your lungs before you exhale. If one breath doesn't work, try counting five breaths before you continue. This will help you relax before you try to resolve the conflict.
Count your breath in your mind to help you focus on it. For example, you could think, "Breathe in and out. One...two...three...four...five..."
Don't be afraid to pause and breathe before talking to someone. For example, if someone is yelling at you, close your eyes and focus on your breath. This will help you relax and handle the situation.
1-2. Leave the room.
If you can, escape the room for a few minutes to help you think. You might say that you have to use the bathroom or that you want to get a drink of water. Once you leave the room, take a few minutes to calm down. You may find that you are able to collect your thoughts more clearly once you are alone. When you are ready, return to the other room.
For example, if you are being interrogated at a work conference, you can say, "You bring up a good point. Let's take a five-minute break so I can think about it."
If you're in an argument with family members, excuse yourself to the bathroom. You can say, "Let's not argue about this. I'm going to the restroom, and when I come back, we can discuss this more if you want."
1-3. Repeat soothing phrases to yourself.
Short phrases or mantras can help you keep control over your emotions. You can say or think something like “Everything will be ok” or “I’ve got this." If you are feeling targeted or insulted by another person, remind yourself that they are probably not trying to hurt you. You can think to yourself, “They don’t mean what they say. They’re angry and upset too. This is probably all a misunderstanding.”
If you're dealing with a stranger in a public place, think quietly to yourself. You can think, "Don't worry. Just breathe deeply. They're upset too."
If you are worried about confronting a boss or a teacher, you can say to yourself beforehand, "Just relax. It's just a meeting. You'll be fine."
You can also reassure yourself as you sit with the uncomfortable feelings you are having, such as by saying to yourself, "This is uncomfortable now, but in an hour it will all be over." Or, "I don't like feeling this way, but I know this will all blow over by the morning."
1-4. Consider the value of having a discussion.
A discussion involves listening and understanding, so this is preferable to going into the situation ready to argue. Instead, try to approach the confrontation as an opportunity to share your point of view and gain a better understanding of theirs. It might also help you to think about what you will get out of the discussion. Understanding the potential outcome of the discussion may help you solve the issue in a rational manner instead of an emotional one. You can ask yourself:
“If we have this discussion, what might be the outcome? Is there any downside to having this discussion?”
“Will I risk ruining my relationship with this other person if we have this discussion?”
“Does it seem as though this discussion could escalate?”
"How can I ensure that the discussion remains civil? How can I reinforce boundaries such as not yelling or raising my voice, avoiding name calling, and not going around in circles?"
2. Reducing Tension
2-1. Determine the cause of the problem.
Perhaps you said something inappropriate or offensive. Maybe there was a miscommunication. If you can find out what went wrong, you may be able to identify a solution.
For example, if you are arguing with a stranger over a fender bender, ask them calmly what their version of events was. Explain afterwards what you thought happened.
If you are having an argument at work, see if there was a miscommunication that caused the tension. For example, make sure that a vital email was actually sent and received. Ask your boss or another coworker to mediate the situation.
With family members, ask them what you can do to make them feel better. For example, if you are arguing over a broken sink, ask, "Well, what can we do now to fix the problem? Do you want me to call someone or fix it myself?"
2-2. Assume a friendly posture.
Hold your arms open. Relax your shoulders so that they drop. Instead of leaning forward towards the other party, step back and straighten your posture. These changes in body language will help you appear less threatening to the other party.
For example, if you think that you might get into a fight with a stranger in a bar, step back. Put some space between you and the other person. By relaxing your body, you are signalling that you are not threatening them.
Crossing your arms across your body, clenching your fists, or puffing your chest out can make you seem more aggressive.
2-3. Sympathize with the other person.
If the other person is becoming upset or defensive, it might be that they are feeling as though you are attacking them. Even if you disagree with their point or their actions, you can say something sympathetic to soothe them.
You can say, “I understand how you feel right now. I would be frustrated too if I thought someone had taken my seat. But I think that both of us need to consider the facts of the situation.”
You can also use sympathy to change the subject. You can say, "I know you're stressed out right about work right now. Why don't we watch something on TV for a little while until you feel better."
2-4. Find a solution.
The best way to resolve conflict is to find a mutually agreeable solution. Even if you cannot find a solution, just by suggesting to work together, the other person may calm down. They might realize that you are not trying to attack them; rather, you are open to compromise.
You can say to the other party, “So what we can do to fix this problem?”
You can also say, “Is there any way we can move past this disagreement?”
If you have offended someone or hurt them in some way, you can say, "How can I make this up to you?"
2-5. Walk away.
There are times when you cannot convince the other person to settle the matter peacefully. In this case, you may just have to walk away. Let them know that you are not going to fight about the issue, and calmly turn away. You can return when they are feeling calmer to resolve the issue.
You can say, “I do not think that talking is getting us anywhere. I do not want to argue about this, so I am going to leave.”
If you think the other person is potentially violent, you may not want to turn your back on them. Instead, try taking a few steps backwards first. Say something such as, “I don’t want to fight or cause a scene. I’m sorry this happened, but I feel as though I should leave.” If they back off, you may leave. If they try to start a fight or threaten you, call the police.
3. Talking Your Way Out of the Situation
3-1. Use a calm voice.
Conflicts can escalate when both parties are yelling at each other. By speaking in a slow, cool voice, you can help the other person feel at ease. Even if the other person raises their voice, keep yours low and calm.
Avoid telling the other person to “calm down.” This can make them feel angrier and more defensive. Instead, ask them what can be done to help the situation. For example, you can say, “I understand that you’re upset about your broken window. Why don’t we discuss what can be done in a way that is fair to everyone.”
Always use "I" statements when you talk to the other person.
3-2. Apologize.
An apology can go a long way to solving tension. You might not feel as though you have done anything wrong, but you should consider how you might have offended the other person. A good apology will include what you did wrong as well as what you will do to make it up.
You can say, “I’m really sorry for insulting you. I did not realize that what I said was hurtful, and I understand now that it was a really stupid thing to do. I hope that you can forgive me.”
If someone is accusing you of something you did not do, don’t take the blame. You can deflect the accusation by sympathizing with the other person. For example, you can say, “I’m sorry that your lunch keeps disappearing from the office fridge, but I’m not the one who is taking it.”
3-3. Practice active listening.
Active listening is a form of communication where you repeat or paraphrase what the other person is saying to you. Ask the other person about their feelings or version of events. Listen without interrupting. Afterwards, rephrase what they said.
For example, you can say, “I understand that you’re upset. You’re right. I spilled a drink on you, and now you’re worried that your dress is ruined.”
If the other person seems defensive, you can ask questions that will elicit the answer “yes” from them. This may help them feel less defensive. For example, you can say, “You are saying that you think this situation is unfair, is that right?”
3-4. Agree to disagree.
Sometimes, a solution will not be found. In this case, you might just have to let go of the problem. If it will not affect your daily life, let the issue drop. You and the other person might just have to come to terms with the fact that no one will win the argument.
You can say, “I understand your point of view, but I don't agree with it. I think we will just have to move on. I still respect you as a person, and I hope that this does not get in the way of our relationship.”
Tips
You might be partially to blame for the problem. By acknowledging where you went wrong, the other person might apologize as well.
Remember that being confronted and physically confronted for the purpose of stopping people from committing violent crimes, apprehending people who are clearly doing something illegal (especially a felony), or making an arrest as a police officer is legally justified.
Don't try to tell the other person what they are feeling. This will make them feel more upset.
Warnings
Avoid accusing the other person or calling them names.
If you feel as though the other person might be violent, try to find a way to leave the situation. Call the police if you feel as though you might be in danger.
If you are worried that a stranger will become violent, don't go to a private place to settle the argument. Try to resolve it in public.
Never do something illegal, because it's legal for someone to confront and even physically confront you right away to stop you from:
Committing a violent crime (e.g. in self-defense)
Leaving after you clearly did something illegal (e.g. by a citizen's arrest), especially when it's a felony, and
Resisting arrest if that person is a police officer who is arresting you, which is illegal, even if you're innocent.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:36",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Calming Yourself Down\\n1-1. Take a deep breath.\\nIf you feel agitated, instead of starting an argument, pause. Take a deep breath. Let your breath reach deep into your lungs before you exhale. If one breath doesn't work, try counting five breaths before you continue. This will help you relax before you try to resolve the conflict.\\nCount your breath in your mind to help you focus on it. For example, you could think, \\\"Breathe in and out. One...two...three...four...five...\\\"\\nDon't be afraid to pause and breathe before talking to someone. For example, if someone is yelling at you, close your eyes and focus on your breath. This will help you relax and handle the situation.\\n1-2. Leave the room.\\nIf you can, escape the room for a few minutes to help you think. You might say that you have to use the bathroom or that you want to get a drink of water. Once you leave the room, take a few minutes to calm down. You may find that you are able to collect your thoughts more clearly once you are alone. When you are ready, return to the other room.\\nFor example, if you are being interrogated at a work conference, you can say, \\\"You bring up a good point. Let's take a five-minute break so I can think about it.\\\"\\nIf you're in an argument with family members, excuse yourself to the bathroom. You can say, \\\"Let's not argue about this. I'm going to the restroom, and when I come back, we can discuss this more if you want.\\\"\\n1-3. Repeat soothing phrases to yourself.\\nShort phrases or mantras can help you keep control over your emotions. You can say or think something like “Everything will be ok” or “I’ve got this.\\\" If you are feeling targeted or insulted by another person, remind yourself that they are probably not trying to hurt you. You can think to yourself, “They don’t mean what they say. They’re angry and upset too. This is probably all a misunderstanding.”\\nIf you're dealing with a stranger in a public place, think quietly to yourself. You can think, \\\"Don't worry. Just breathe deeply. They're upset too.\\\"\\nIf you are worried about confronting a boss or a teacher, you can say to yourself beforehand, \\\"Just relax. It's just a meeting. You'll be fine.\\\"\\nYou can also reassure yourself as you sit with the uncomfortable feelings you are having, such as by saying to yourself, \\\"This is uncomfortable now, but in an hour it will all be over.\\\" Or, \\\"I don't like feeling this way, but I know this will all blow over by the morning.\\\"\\n1-4. Consider the value of having a discussion.\\nA discussion involves listening and understanding, so this is preferable to going into the situation ready to argue. Instead, try to approach the confrontation as an opportunity to share your point of view and gain a better understanding of theirs. It might also help you to think about what you will get out of the discussion. Understanding the potential outcome of the discussion may help you solve the issue in a rational manner instead of an emotional one. You can ask yourself:\\n“If we have this discussion, what might be the outcome? Is there any downside to having this discussion?”\\n“Will I risk ruining my relationship with this other person if we have this discussion?”\\n“Does it seem as though this discussion could escalate?”\\n\\\"How can I ensure that the discussion remains civil? How can I reinforce boundaries such as not yelling or raising my voice, avoiding name calling, and not going around in circles?\\\"\\n2. Reducing Tension\\n2-1. Determine the cause of the problem.\\nPerhaps you said something inappropriate or offensive. Maybe there was a miscommunication. If you can find out what went wrong, you may be able to identify a solution.\\nFor example, if you are arguing with a stranger over a fender bender, ask them calmly what their version of events was. Explain afterwards what you thought happened.\\nIf you are having an argument at work, see if there was a miscommunication that caused the tension. For example, make sure that a vital email was actually sent and received. Ask your boss or another coworker to mediate the situation.\\nWith family members, ask them what you can do to make them feel better. For example, if you are arguing over a broken sink, ask, \\\"Well, what can we do now to fix the problem? Do you want me to call someone or fix it myself?\\\"\\n2-2. Assume a friendly posture.\\nHold your arms open. Relax your shoulders so that they drop. Instead of leaning forward towards the other party, step back and straighten your posture. These changes in body language will help you appear less threatening to the other party.\\nFor example, if you think that you might get into a fight with a stranger in a bar, step back. Put some space between you and the other person. By relaxing your body, you are signalling that you are not threatening them.\\nCrossing your arms across your body, clenching your fists, or puffing your chest out can make you seem more aggressive.\\n2-3. Sympathize with the other person.\\nIf the other person is becoming upset or defensive, it might be that they are feeling as though you are attacking them. Even if you disagree with their point or their actions, you can say something sympathetic to soothe them.\\nYou can say, “I understand how you feel right now. I would be frustrated too if I thought someone had taken my seat. But I think that both of us need to consider the facts of the situation.”\\nYou can also use sympathy to change the subject. You can say, \\\"I know you're stressed out right about work right now. Why don't we watch something on TV for a little while until you feel better.\\\"\\n2-4. Find a solution.\\nThe best way to resolve conflict is to find a mutually agreeable solution. Even if you cannot find a solution, just by suggesting to work together, the other person may calm down. They might realize that you are not trying to attack them; rather, you are open to compromise.\\nYou can say to the other party, “So what we can do to fix this problem?”\\nYou can also say, “Is there any way we can move past this disagreement?”\\nIf you have offended someone or hurt them in some way, you can say, \\\"How can I make this up to you?\\\"\\n2-5. Walk away.\\nThere are times when you cannot convince the other person to settle the matter peacefully. In this case, you may just have to walk away. Let them know that you are not going to fight about the issue, and calmly turn away. You can return when they are feeling calmer to resolve the issue.\\nYou can say, “I do not think that talking is getting us anywhere. I do not want to argue about this, so I am going to leave.”\\nIf you think the other person is potentially violent, you may not want to turn your back on them. Instead, try taking a few steps backwards first. Say something such as, “I don’t want to fight or cause a scene. I’m sorry this happened, but I feel as though I should leave.” If they back off, you may leave. If they try to start a fight or threaten you, call the police.\\n3. Talking Your Way Out of the Situation\\n3-1. Use a calm voice.\\nConflicts can escalate when both parties are yelling at each other. By speaking in a slow, cool voice, you can help the other person feel at ease. Even if the other person raises their voice, keep yours low and calm.\\nAvoid telling the other person to “calm down.” This can make them feel angrier and more defensive. Instead, ask them what can be done to help the situation. For example, you can say, “I understand that you’re upset about your broken window. Why don’t we discuss what can be done in a way that is fair to everyone.”\\nAlways use \\\"I\\\" statements when you talk to the other person.\\n3-2. Apologize.\\nAn apology can go a long way to solving tension. You might not feel as though you have done anything wrong, but you should consider how you might have offended the other person. A good apology will include what you did wrong as well as what you will do to make it up.\\nYou can say, “I’m really sorry for insulting you. I did not realize that what I said was hurtful, and I understand now that it was a really stupid thing to do. I hope that you can forgive me.”\\nIf someone is accusing you of something you did not do, don’t take the blame. You can deflect the accusation by sympathizing with the other person. For example, you can say, “I’m sorry that your lunch keeps disappearing from the office fridge, but I’m not the one who is taking it.”\\n3-3. Practice active listening.\\nActive listening is a form of communication where you repeat or paraphrase what the other person is saying to you. Ask the other person about their feelings or version of events. Listen without interrupting. Afterwards, rephrase what they said.\\nFor example, you can say, “I understand that you’re upset. You’re right. I spilled a drink on you, and now you’re worried that your dress is ruined.”\\nIf the other person seems defensive, you can ask questions that will elicit the answer “yes” from them. This may help them feel less defensive. For example, you can say, “You are saying that you think this situation is unfair, is that right?”\\n3-4. Agree to disagree.\\nSometimes, a solution will not be found. In this case, you might just have to let go of the problem. If it will not affect your daily life, let the issue drop. You and the other person might just have to come to terms with the fact that no one will win the argument.\\nYou can say, “I understand your point of view, but I don't agree with it. I think we will just have to move on. I still respect you as a person, and I hope that this does not get in the way of our relationship.”\\nTips\\nYou might be partially to blame for the problem. By acknowledging where you went wrong, the other person might apologize as well.\\nRemember that being confronted and physically confronted for the purpose of stopping people from committing violent crimes, apprehending people who are clearly doing something illegal (especially a felony), or making an arrest as a police officer is legally justified.\\nDon't try to tell the other person what they are feeling. This will make them feel more upset.\\nWarnings\\nAvoid accusing the other person or calling them names.\\nIf you feel as though the other person might be violent, try to find a way to leave the situation. Call the police if you feel as though you might be in danger.\\nIf you are worried that a stranger will become violent, don't go to a private place to settle the argument. Try to resolve it in public.\\nNever do something illegal, because it's legal for someone to confront and even physically confront you right away to stop you from:\\n\\nCommitting a violent crime (e.g. in self-defense)\\n\\nLeaving after you clearly did something illegal (e.g. by a citizen's arrest), especially when it's a felony, and\\n\\nResisting arrest if that person is a police officer who is arresting you, which is illegal, even if you're innocent.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you feel as though a fight is brewing, do not panic. You can defuse a bad situation to prevent both verbal and physical confrontation. Try to calm yourself down so that you can handle the situation in a rational manner. You can also help the other person relax by deescalating the tension. You might even be able to talk your way out of a confrontation by using sympathetic, active communication techniques.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Calming Yourself Down\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take a deep breath.\", \"描述\": \"If you feel agitated, instead of starting an argument, pause. Take a deep breath. Let your breath reach deep into your lungs before you exhale. If one breath doesn't work, try counting five breaths before you continue. This will help you relax before you try to resolve the conflict.\\nCount your breath in your mind to help you focus on it. For example, you could think, \\\"Breathe in and out. One...two...three...four...five...\\\"\\nDon't be afraid to pause and breathe before talking to someone. For example, if someone is yelling at you, close your eyes and focus on your breath. This will help you relax and handle the situation.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Leave the room.\", \"描述\": \"If you can, escape the room for a few minutes to help you think. You might say that you have to use the bathroom or that you want to get a drink of water. Once you leave the room, take a few minutes to calm down. You may find that you are able to collect your thoughts more clearly once you are alone. When you are ready, return to the other room.\\nFor example, if you are being interrogated at a work conference, you can say, \\\"You bring up a good point. Let's take a five-minute break so I can think about it.\\\"\\nIf you're in an argument with family members, excuse yourself to the bathroom. You can say, \\\"Let's not argue about this. I'm going to the restroom, and when I come back, we can discuss this more if you want.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Repeat soothing phrases to yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Short phrases or mantras can help you keep control over your emotions. You can say or think something like “Everything will be ok” or “I’ve got this.\\\" If you are feeling targeted or insulted by another person, remind yourself that they are probably not trying to hurt you. You can think to yourself, “They don’t mean what they say. They’re angry and upset too. This is probably all a misunderstanding.”\\nIf you're dealing with a stranger in a public place, think quietly to yourself. You can think, \\\"Don't worry. Just breathe deeply. They're upset too.\\\"\\nIf you are worried about confronting a boss or a teacher, you can say to yourself beforehand, \\\"Just relax. It's just a meeting. You'll be fine.\\\"\\nYou can also reassure yourself as you sit with the uncomfortable feelings you are having, such as by saying to yourself, \\\"This is uncomfortable now, but in an hour it will all be over.\\\" Or, \\\"I don't like feeling this way, but I know this will all blow over by the morning.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider the value of having a discussion.\", \"描述\": \"A discussion involves listening and understanding, so this is preferable to going into the situation ready to argue. Instead, try to approach the confrontation as an opportunity to share your point of view and gain a better understanding of theirs. It might also help you to think about what you will get out of the discussion. Understanding the potential outcome of the discussion may help you solve the issue in a rational manner instead of an emotional one. You can ask yourself:\\n“If we have this discussion, what might be the outcome? Is there any downside to having this discussion?”\\n“Will I risk ruining my relationship with this other person if we have this discussion?”\\n“Does it seem as though this discussion could escalate?”\\n\\\"How can I ensure that the discussion remains civil? How can I reinforce boundaries such as not yelling or raising my voice, avoiding name calling, and not going around in circles?\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Reducing Tension\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Determine the cause of the problem.\", \"描述\": \"Perhaps you said something inappropriate or offensive. Maybe there was a miscommunication. If you can find out what went wrong, you may be able to identify a solution.\\nFor example, if you are arguing with a stranger over a fender bender, ask them calmly what their version of events was. Explain afterwards what you thought happened.\\nIf you are having an argument at work, see if there was a miscommunication that caused the tension. For example, make sure that a vital email was actually sent and received. Ask your boss or another coworker to mediate the situation.\\nWith family members, ask them what you can do to make them feel better. For example, if you are arguing over a broken sink, ask, \\\"Well, what can we do now to fix the problem? Do you want me to call someone or fix it myself?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Assume a friendly posture.\", \"描述\": \"Hold your arms open. Relax your shoulders so that they drop. Instead of leaning forward towards the other party, step back and straighten your posture. These changes in body language will help you appear less threatening to the other party.\\nFor example, if you think that you might get into a fight with a stranger in a bar, step back. Put some space between you and the other person. By relaxing your body, you are signalling that you are not threatening them.\\nCrossing your arms across your body, clenching your fists, or puffing your chest out can make you seem more aggressive.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Sympathize with the other person.\", \"描述\": \"If the other person is becoming upset or defensive, it might be that they are feeling as though you are attacking them. Even if you disagree with their point or their actions, you can say something sympathetic to soothe them.\\nYou can say, “I understand how you feel right now. I would be frustrated too if I thought someone had taken my seat. But I think that both of us need to consider the facts of the situation.”\\nYou can also use sympathy to change the subject. You can say, \\\"I know you're stressed out right about work right now. Why don't we watch something on TV for a little while until you feel better.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find a solution.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to resolve conflict is to find a mutually agreeable solution. Even if you cannot find a solution, just by suggesting to work together, the other person may calm down. They might realize that you are not trying to attack them; rather, you are open to compromise.\\nYou can say to the other party, “So what we can do to fix this problem?”\\nYou can also say, “Is there any way we can move past this disagreement?”\\nIf you have offended someone or hurt them in some way, you can say, \\\"How can I make this up to you?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Walk away.\", \"描述\": \"There are times when you cannot convince the other person to settle the matter peacefully. In this case, you may just have to walk away. Let them know that you are not going to fight about the issue, and calmly turn away. You can return when they are feeling calmer to resolve the issue.\\nYou can say, “I do not think that talking is getting us anywhere. I do not want to argue about this, so I am going to leave.”\\nIf you think the other person is potentially violent, you may not want to turn your back on them. Instead, try taking a few steps backwards first. Say something such as, “I don’t want to fight or cause a scene. I’m sorry this happened, but I feel as though I should leave.” If they back off, you may leave. If they try to start a fight or threaten you, call the police.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Talking Your Way Out of the Situation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use a calm voice.\", \"描述\": \"Conflicts can escalate when both parties are yelling at each other. By speaking in a slow, cool voice, you can help the other person feel at ease. Even if the other person raises their voice, keep yours low and calm.\\nAvoid telling the other person to “calm down.” This can make them feel angrier and more defensive. Instead, ask them what can be done to help the situation. For example, you can say, “I understand that you’re upset about your broken window. Why don’t we discuss what can be done in a way that is fair to everyone.”\\nAlways use \\\"I\\\" statements when you talk to the other person.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Apologize.\", \"描述\": \"An apology can go a long way to solving tension. You might not feel as though you have done anything wrong, but you should consider how you might have offended the other person. A good apology will include what you did wrong as well as what you will do to make it up.\\nYou can say, “I’m really sorry for insulting you. I did not realize that what I said was hurtful, and I understand now that it was a really stupid thing to do. I hope that you can forgive me.”\\nIf someone is accusing you of something you did not do, don’t take the blame. You can deflect the accusation by sympathizing with the other person. For example, you can say, “I’m sorry that your lunch keeps disappearing from the office fridge, but I’m not the one who is taking it.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice active listening.\", \"描述\": \"Active listening is a form of communication where you repeat or paraphrase what the other person is saying to you. Ask the other person about their feelings or version of events. Listen without interrupting. Afterwards, rephrase what they said.\\nFor example, you can say, “I understand that you’re upset. You’re right. I spilled a drink on you, and now you’re worried that your dress is ruined.”\\nIf the other person seems defensive, you can ask questions that will elicit the answer “yes” from them. This may help them feel less defensive. For example, you can say, “You are saying that you think this situation is unfair, is that right?”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Agree to disagree.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, a solution will not be found. In this case, you might just have to let go of the problem. If it will not affect your daily life, let the issue drop. You and the other person might just have to come to terms with the fact that no one will win the argument.\\nYou can say, “I understand your point of view, but I don't agree with it. I think we will just have to move on. I still respect you as a person, and I hope that this does not get in the way of our relationship.”\"}], \"小提示\": [\"You might be partially to blame for the problem. By acknowledging where you went wrong, the other person might apologize as well.\\n\", \"Remember that being confronted and physically confronted for the purpose of stopping people from committing violent crimes, apprehending people who are clearly doing something illegal (especially a felony), or making an arrest as a police officer is legally justified.\\n\", \"Don't try to tell the other person what they are feeling. This will make them feel more upset.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Avoid accusing the other person or calling them names.\\n\", \"If you feel as though the other person might be violent, try to find a way to leave the situation. Call the police if you feel as though you might be in danger.\\n\", \"If you are worried that a stranger will become violent, don't go to a private place to settle the argument. Try to resolve it in public.\\n\", \"Never do something illegal, because it's legal for someone to confront and even physically confront you right away to stop you from:\\n\\nCommitting a violent crime (e.g. in self-defense)\\n\\nLeaving after you clearly did something illegal (e.g. by a citizen's arrest), especially when it's a felony, and\\n\\nResisting arrest if that person is a police officer who is arresting you, which is illegal, even if you're innocent.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,254 | How to Avoid a Draft | 1. Seeking Legal Advice
1-1. Consult a good lawyer.
Evading a mandatory military service is a crime and often carries serious consequences. In one recent case, an Australian national was arrested and jailed in Israel for draft evasion; she had lived there for four years as a teenager. Talk to a lawyer before you do anything. They can update you on the law and give you advice about your options.
1-2. Research relevant cases.
Look into the files of recent service evaders with your lawyer. In the US, for example, there have been a number of high-profile cases in the last ten years of soldiers refusing to serve. Some tried to flee to Canada but have mostly been deported, ending up in legal trouble. Although these men are legally deserters, not draft evaders, their stories can be helpful and give you a better sense of your options – and of the potential consequences of draft dodging.
Recently, Polish men have been moving to Britain in order to escape the draft in their country, which is punishable by three years in prison. They have been able to do so because of fairly open freedom of movement between countries in the European Union.
1-3. Assess your options.
You are about to take a very serious and potentially life-changing step. Examine all of your options with a lawyer. Know the latest case law. Be sure that you are making the right choice and that you have a plan for all possible outcomes.
Questions to consider include whether you have dual citizenship in a country not at war. It may be possible for you to go there. Are you gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, or intersex? Many militaries do not let such people serve in the military.
Are you a member of a religious organization that is historically pacifist, like the Quakers, Mennonites, or Jehovah’s Witnesses? If so, you may qualify as a “conscientious objector” or someone who opposes war or violence by reason of religious belief.
Do you have any physical or mental conditions that could prevent you from being drafted? Document them. Do you have a mild case of asthma? Go to the doctor once a month to get it on record. Whatever your condition, document it as much as possible. You will need to present comprehensive documentation.
2. Filing for Conscientious Objector Status
2-1. File a written application.
Conscientious objectors are excused from military service in many countries. In the US, they not only include members of pacifist churches like the Jehovah’s Witnesses, Quakers, Mennonites, and Amish but also anyone who claims, and can prove, to have a “firm, fixed and sincere objection to participation in war in any form or the bearing of arms, by reason of religious training and belief.” There are also two distinct classes: Class 1-O and Class 1-A-O. The first is for people who sincerely object to any participation in war whatsoever. The second group object to participation in war as combatants, but not to participation in a non-combatant role.
To start the process, you will have to file a formal application. You will have to document your views and prove to the investigators of your claim that you are not objecting simply to avoid service or out of expedience. You have to show that your reasons are based on sincere belief. Your investigators will judge your participation in a religious organization, your pattern of conduct, whether your beliefs were shaped by serious ethical or moral study, and other factors.
2-2. Attend your interviews and hearing.
You will most likely be interviewed as part of the review of your conscientious objector application. Very probably you will have to speak with a psychologist, a military chaplain (a pastor, rabbi, or imam depending on your religious affiliation), and finally an investigating officer in a hearing. They will be judging the sincerity of your beliefs and whether your claim is credible. Again, you will have to give detailed information about your beliefs and their basis as well as your religious life. You may also be able to have third parties testify on your behalf.
Keep in mind that your interviews are not “privileged.” This means, for example, that they can ask confidential questions about you from a chaplain who knows you previously. In this case, you should request to be interviewed by a different chaplain.
2-3. Await the results of the informal investigation.
After the interviews, the investigating officer will file a report on your case. This usually consists of items like statements and other documents received during the hearing, summaries of witness testimony, conclusions about the basis of your objections, and recommendations for your classification as a conscientious objector. The whole file will then be reviewed by a military judge advocate, and sent on to whatever headquarters makes the final decision.
Since the US now has a voluntary military and requires you to swear an oath at your induction into the service, becoming a conscientious objector is hard. Basically, you have to be able to prove that your views on war changed after you swore the military oath.
3. Filing a Refugee Claim
3-1. Judge the chances of your case.
It is hard to obtain refugee status to evade a draft. International law is not clear on the matter – refugees from military service are not included in the Geneva conventions nor necessarily excluded. Rather, your case depends in part on your civil and legal status at home. Talk with a lawyer over the merits of your case, if you can, before taking the uncertain step of applying for refugee status.
The UN considers there to be five situations when refugee status is appropriate: if the punishment for objecting from conscience amounts to “persecution”; if you have objected to military acts that are atrocities or violate standards of international law; if you object to military service in conditions that amount to torture or inhumane treatment; if you are fleeing recruitment by a non-state group and the state is unable to protect you; or if you are a child resisting illegal recruitment.
3-2. Choose a refuge country carefully.
If you decide to pursue a refugee claim, be very careful with your choice of host country. You should file as a refugee in a country that will not send you back to your home country. For instance, the days of safely crossing the border to Canada as a US military objector are long over. While the legal landscape is not entirely clear, deserters and others can be arrested and deported to face trial under the terms of the current extradition treaty. Countries that don’t often deport US citizens include Ecuador, Russia, and Venezuela.
3-3. Make an application.
The next step is to file a formal application seeking protection as a refugee. If you are outside of your target country, you will probably file as a refugee to the closest at the nearest embassy or consulate; if you are already inside the country or at a port of entry, you will apply as an asylum seeker. As part of your application you will also have to present proof of your claims of persecution.
Make sure to consult an attorney at this stage, if possible. She can guide you through the sometimes complicated legal forms.
Keep in mind that the approval process will be lengthy. In Canada, for example, wait times can be as long as 36 months.
You may not be able to work for part of this time, if you are allowed entry. In the United States, asylum applicants must wait 150 days before they can apply for work-status.
4. Qualifying as Exempt, Deferring Service, or Refusing
4-1. File for an exemption.
Most countries make certain exemptions from conscription. For example, religious students in Israel were until recently exempt from the draft. You are exempt from a future draft in the United States under the following conditions: you are from a family in which a parent or sibling has died or is missing in military action; your absence would cause your family economic hardship; you are a minister; you are in school to be a minister; you are an immigrant or dual citizen.
Remember that the US does not currently have a draft. You can only file an exemption claim in the future, after getting orders to report, to the closest Selective Service office.
Some countries, including the US until recently, prohibit gay people from serving. This is still the case in Turkey, where, however, you have to submit “proof” of your status by answering questions, providing pictures, or worse. Making use of this exemption can get you out of a draft, but can be traumatic and humiliating.
Some countries also allow you to pay an exemption fee to get out of military service. In Turkey, this fee was recently lowered from 10,000 to 6,000 Euros. Still, the cost is so expensive that only well off families can afford it.
4-2. Defer your service.
If you are not exempt, you still may be able to put off entering the military. Many countries offer deferments for education, for example. According to US law, high school students may defer their service in any future draft until they graduate or reach the age of 20. College students may defer until the end of their term. You can defer your service until the end of your studies if you are becoming a minister.
The law in the United States also provides for appeals to draft status. If, in the event of a future draft, you file to change your draft classification, you automatically get a deferral until your claim is processed.
4-3. Refuse to serve.
This is a final option. Just don’t do it. However, you will have to face harsh consequences for refusal. In the US, during wartime and peacetime drafts, people have been jailed for refusing to be inducted into the military. Muhammad Ali famously refused to be drafted to fight in the Vietnam War, for example, and he was indicted, sentenced to five years in prison, and stripped of his boxing titles. Under current law, men are required to register for selective service – for a future draft – and refusal to register is a criminal offense.
In the United States, you can be prosecuted for refusing to register with Selective Service, though this has not happened since 1986. The government can also deny you federal student aid, employment with the government, or, if you are an eligible immigrant, US citizenship.
Warnings
Get information quickly so you can act in a timely manner.
Act in an informed way, but act without delay.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:36",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Seeking Legal Advice\\n1-1. Consult a good lawyer.\\nEvading a mandatory military service is a crime and often carries serious consequences. In one recent case, an Australian national was arrested and jailed in Israel for draft evasion; she had lived there for four years as a teenager. Talk to a lawyer before you do anything. They can update you on the law and give you advice about your options.\\n1-2. Research relevant cases.\\nLook into the files of recent service evaders with your lawyer. In the US, for example, there have been a number of high-profile cases in the last ten years of soldiers refusing to serve. Some tried to flee to Canada but have mostly been deported, ending up in legal trouble. Although these men are legally deserters, not draft evaders, their stories can be helpful and give you a better sense of your options – and of the potential consequences of draft dodging.\\nRecently, Polish men have been moving to Britain in order to escape the draft in their country, which is punishable by three years in prison. They have been able to do so because of fairly open freedom of movement between countries in the European Union.\\n1-3. Assess your options.\\nYou are about to take a very serious and potentially life-changing step. Examine all of your options with a lawyer. Know the latest case law. Be sure that you are making the right choice and that you have a plan for all possible outcomes. \\nQuestions to consider include whether you have dual citizenship in a country not at war. It may be possible for you to go there. Are you gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, or intersex? Many militaries do not let such people serve in the military.\\nAre you a member of a religious organization that is historically pacifist, like the Quakers, Mennonites, or Jehovah’s Witnesses? If so, you may qualify as a “conscientious objector” or someone who opposes war or violence by reason of religious belief.\\nDo you have any physical or mental conditions that could prevent you from being drafted? Document them. Do you have a mild case of asthma? Go to the doctor once a month to get it on record. Whatever your condition, document it as much as possible. You will need to present comprehensive documentation.\\n2. Filing for Conscientious Objector Status\\n2-1. File a written application.\\nConscientious objectors are excused from military service in many countries. In the US, they not only include members of pacifist churches like the Jehovah’s Witnesses, Quakers, Mennonites, and Amish but also anyone who claims, and can prove, to have a “firm, fixed and sincere objection to participation in war in any form or the bearing of arms, by reason of religious training and belief.” There are also two distinct classes: Class 1-O and Class 1-A-O. The first is for people who sincerely object to any participation in war whatsoever. The second group object to participation in war as combatants, but not to participation in a non-combatant role. \\nTo start the process, you will have to file a formal application. You will have to document your views and prove to the investigators of your claim that you are not objecting simply to avoid service or out of expedience. You have to show that your reasons are based on sincere belief. Your investigators will judge your participation in a religious organization, your pattern of conduct, whether your beliefs were shaped by serious ethical or moral study, and other factors.\\n2-2. Attend your interviews and hearing.\\nYou will most likely be interviewed as part of the review of your conscientious objector application. Very probably you will have to speak with a psychologist, a military chaplain (a pastor, rabbi, or imam depending on your religious affiliation), and finally an investigating officer in a hearing. They will be judging the sincerity of your beliefs and whether your claim is credible. Again, you will have to give detailed information about your beliefs and their basis as well as your religious life. You may also be able to have third parties testify on your behalf.\\nKeep in mind that your interviews are not “privileged.” This means, for example, that they can ask confidential questions about you from a chaplain who knows you previously. In this case, you should request to be interviewed by a different chaplain.\\n2-3. Await the results of the informal investigation.\\nAfter the interviews, the investigating officer will file a report on your case. This usually consists of items like statements and other documents received during the hearing, summaries of witness testimony, conclusions about the basis of your objections, and recommendations for your classification as a conscientious objector. The whole file will then be reviewed by a military judge advocate, and sent on to whatever headquarters makes the final decision.\\nSince the US now has a voluntary military and requires you to swear an oath at your induction into the service, becoming a conscientious objector is hard. Basically, you have to be able to prove that your views on war changed after you swore the military oath.\\n3. Filing a Refugee Claim\\n3-1. Judge the chances of your case.\\nIt is hard to obtain refugee status to evade a draft. International law is not clear on the matter – refugees from military service are not included in the Geneva conventions nor necessarily excluded. Rather, your case depends in part on your civil and legal status at home. Talk with a lawyer over the merits of your case, if you can, before taking the uncertain step of applying for refugee status.\\nThe UN considers there to be five situations when refugee status is appropriate: if the punishment for objecting from conscience amounts to “persecution”; if you have objected to military acts that are atrocities or violate standards of international law; if you object to military service in conditions that amount to torture or inhumane treatment; if you are fleeing recruitment by a non-state group and the state is unable to protect you; or if you are a child resisting illegal recruitment.\\n3-2. Choose a refuge country carefully.\\nIf you decide to pursue a refugee claim, be very careful with your choice of host country. You should file as a refugee in a country that will not send you back to your home country. For instance, the days of safely crossing the border to Canada as a US military objector are long over. While the legal landscape is not entirely clear, deserters and others can be arrested and deported to face trial under the terms of the current extradition treaty. Countries that don’t often deport US citizens include Ecuador, Russia, and Venezuela.\\n3-3. Make an application.\\nThe next step is to file a formal application seeking protection as a refugee. If you are outside of your target country, you will probably file as a refugee to the closest at the nearest embassy or consulate; if you are already inside the country or at a port of entry, you will apply as an asylum seeker. As part of your application you will also have to present proof of your claims of persecution.\\nMake sure to consult an attorney at this stage, if possible. She can guide you through the sometimes complicated legal forms.\\nKeep in mind that the approval process will be lengthy. In Canada, for example, wait times can be as long as 36 months.\\nYou may not be able to work for part of this time, if you are allowed entry. In the United States, asylum applicants must wait 150 days before they can apply for work-status.\\n4. Qualifying as Exempt, Deferring Service, or Refusing\\n4-1. File for an exemption.\\nMost countries make certain exemptions from conscription. For example, religious students in Israel were until recently exempt from the draft. You are exempt from a future draft in the United States under the following conditions: you are from a family in which a parent or sibling has died or is missing in military action; your absence would cause your family economic hardship; you are a minister; you are in school to be a minister; you are an immigrant or dual citizen.\\nRemember that the US does not currently have a draft. You can only file an exemption claim in the future, after getting orders to report, to the closest Selective Service office.\\nSome countries, including the US until recently, prohibit gay people from serving. This is still the case in Turkey, where, however, you have to submit “proof” of your status by answering questions, providing pictures, or worse. Making use of this exemption can get you out of a draft, but can be traumatic and humiliating.\\nSome countries also allow you to pay an exemption fee to get out of military service. In Turkey, this fee was recently lowered from 10,000 to 6,000 Euros. Still, the cost is so expensive that only well off families can afford it.\\n4-2. Defer your service.\\nIf you are not exempt, you still may be able to put off entering the military. Many countries offer deferments for education, for example. According to US law, high school students may defer their service in any future draft until they graduate or reach the age of 20. College students may defer until the end of their term. You can defer your service until the end of your studies if you are becoming a minister.\\nThe law in the United States also provides for appeals to draft status. If, in the event of a future draft, you file to change your draft classification, you automatically get a deferral until your claim is processed.\\n4-3. Refuse to serve.\\nThis is a final option. Just don’t do it. However, you will have to face harsh consequences for refusal. In the US, during wartime and peacetime drafts, people have been jailed for refusing to be inducted into the military. Muhammad Ali famously refused to be drafted to fight in the Vietnam War, for example, and he was indicted, sentenced to five years in prison, and stripped of his boxing titles. Under current law, men are required to register for selective service – for a future draft – and refusal to register is a criminal offense.\\nIn the United States, you can be prosecuted for refusing to register with Selective Service, though this has not happened since 1986. The government can also deny you federal student aid, employment with the government, or, if you are an eligible immigrant, US citizenship.\\nWarnings\\nGet information quickly so you can act in a timely manner.\\nAct in an informed way, but act without delay.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Wars are a terrible reality of life. Worse still is that you, even if you oppose war, can be forced to fight through what is called a military draft. Many countries require men (and less often women) to serve in the military in war or even in peace. While we no longer have an active draft, all male US citizens and some male immigrants aged 18 to 25 must also register with Selective Service for a potential future draft within 30 days of turning 18. What are you to do? Rest assured that there are a few options – some legal, some illegal – that can help you to avoid fighting.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Seeking Legal Advice\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consult a good lawyer.\", \"描述\": \"Evading a mandatory military service is a crime and often carries serious consequences. In one recent case, an Australian national was arrested and jailed in Israel for draft evasion; she had lived there for four years as a teenager. Talk to a lawyer before you do anything. They can update you on the law and give you advice about your options.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Research relevant cases.\", \"描述\": \"Look into the files of recent service evaders with your lawyer. In the US, for example, there have been a number of high-profile cases in the last ten years of soldiers refusing to serve. Some tried to flee to Canada but have mostly been deported, ending up in legal trouble. Although these men are legally deserters, not draft evaders, their stories can be helpful and give you a better sense of your options – and of the potential consequences of draft dodging.\\nRecently, Polish men have been moving to Britain in order to escape the draft in their country, which is punishable by three years in prison. They have been able to do so because of fairly open freedom of movement between countries in the European Union.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Assess your options.\", \"描述\": \"You are about to take a very serious and potentially life-changing step. Examine all of your options with a lawyer. Know the latest case law. Be sure that you are making the right choice and that you have a plan for all possible outcomes. \\nQuestions to consider include whether you have dual citizenship in a country not at war. It may be possible for you to go there. Are you gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgender, or intersex? Many militaries do not let such people serve in the military.\\nAre you a member of a religious organization that is historically pacifist, like the Quakers, Mennonites, or Jehovah’s Witnesses? If so, you may qualify as a “conscientious objector” or someone who opposes war or violence by reason of religious belief.\\nDo you have any physical or mental conditions that could prevent you from being drafted? Document them. Do you have a mild case of asthma? Go to the doctor once a month to get it on record. Whatever your condition, document it as much as possible. You will need to present comprehensive documentation.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Filing for Conscientious Objector Status\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"File a written application.\", \"描述\": \"Conscientious objectors are excused from military service in many countries. In the US, they not only include members of pacifist churches like the Jehovah’s Witnesses, Quakers, Mennonites, and Amish but also anyone who claims, and can prove, to have a “firm, fixed and sincere objection to participation in war in any form or the bearing of arms, by reason of religious training and belief.” There are also two distinct classes: Class 1-O and Class 1-A-O. The first is for people who sincerely object to any participation in war whatsoever. The second group object to participation in war as combatants, but not to participation in a non-combatant role. \\nTo start the process, you will have to file a formal application. You will have to document your views and prove to the investigators of your claim that you are not objecting simply to avoid service or out of expedience. You have to show that your reasons are based on sincere belief. Your investigators will judge your participation in a religious organization, your pattern of conduct, whether your beliefs were shaped by serious ethical or moral study, and other factors.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Attend your interviews and hearing.\", \"描述\": \"You will most likely be interviewed as part of the review of your conscientious objector application. Very probably you will have to speak with a psychologist, a military chaplain (a pastor, rabbi, or imam depending on your religious affiliation), and finally an investigating officer in a hearing. They will be judging the sincerity of your beliefs and whether your claim is credible. Again, you will have to give detailed information about your beliefs and their basis as well as your religious life. You may also be able to have third parties testify on your behalf.\\nKeep in mind that your interviews are not “privileged.” This means, for example, that they can ask confidential questions about you from a chaplain who knows you previously. In this case, you should request to be interviewed by a different chaplain.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Await the results of the informal investigation.\", \"描述\": \"After the interviews, the investigating officer will file a report on your case. This usually consists of items like statements and other documents received during the hearing, summaries of witness testimony, conclusions about the basis of your objections, and recommendations for your classification as a conscientious objector. The whole file will then be reviewed by a military judge advocate, and sent on to whatever headquarters makes the final decision.\\nSince the US now has a voluntary military and requires you to swear an oath at your induction into the service, becoming a conscientious objector is hard. Basically, you have to be able to prove that your views on war changed after you swore the military oath.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Filing a Refugee Claim\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Judge the chances of your case.\", \"描述\": \"It is hard to obtain refugee status to evade a draft. International law is not clear on the matter – refugees from military service are not included in the Geneva conventions nor necessarily excluded. Rather, your case depends in part on your civil and legal status at home. Talk with a lawyer over the merits of your case, if you can, before taking the uncertain step of applying for refugee status.\\nThe UN considers there to be five situations when refugee status is appropriate: if the punishment for objecting from conscience amounts to “persecution”; if you have objected to military acts that are atrocities or violate standards of international law; if you object to military service in conditions that amount to torture or inhumane treatment; if you are fleeing recruitment by a non-state group and the state is unable to protect you; or if you are a child resisting illegal recruitment.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose a refuge country carefully.\", \"描述\": \"If you decide to pursue a refugee claim, be very careful with your choice of host country. You should file as a refugee in a country that will not send you back to your home country. For instance, the days of safely crossing the border to Canada as a US military objector are long over. While the legal landscape is not entirely clear, deserters and others can be arrested and deported to face trial under the terms of the current extradition treaty. Countries that don’t often deport US citizens include Ecuador, Russia, and Venezuela.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make an application.\", \"描述\": \"The next step is to file a formal application seeking protection as a refugee. If you are outside of your target country, you will probably file as a refugee to the closest at the nearest embassy or consulate; if you are already inside the country or at a port of entry, you will apply as an asylum seeker. As part of your application you will also have to present proof of your claims of persecution.\\nMake sure to consult an attorney at this stage, if possible. She can guide you through the sometimes complicated legal forms.\\nKeep in mind that the approval process will be lengthy. In Canada, for example, wait times can be as long as 36 months.\\nYou may not be able to work for part of this time, if you are allowed entry. In the United States, asylum applicants must wait 150 days before they can apply for work-status.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Qualifying as Exempt, Deferring Service, or Refusing\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"File for an exemption.\", \"描述\": \"Most countries make certain exemptions from conscription. For example, religious students in Israel were until recently exempt from the draft. You are exempt from a future draft in the United States under the following conditions: you are from a family in which a parent or sibling has died or is missing in military action; your absence would cause your family economic hardship; you are a minister; you are in school to be a minister; you are an immigrant or dual citizen.\\nRemember that the US does not currently have a draft. You can only file an exemption claim in the future, after getting orders to report, to the closest Selective Service office.\\nSome countries, including the US until recently, prohibit gay people from serving. This is still the case in Turkey, where, however, you have to submit “proof” of your status by answering questions, providing pictures, or worse. Making use of this exemption can get you out of a draft, but can be traumatic and humiliating.\\nSome countries also allow you to pay an exemption fee to get out of military service. In Turkey, this fee was recently lowered from 10,000 to 6,000 Euros. Still, the cost is so expensive that only well off families can afford it.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Defer your service.\", \"描述\": \"If you are not exempt, you still may be able to put off entering the military. Many countries offer deferments for education, for example. According to US law, high school students may defer their service in any future draft until they graduate or reach the age of 20. College students may defer until the end of their term. You can defer your service until the end of your studies if you are becoming a minister.\\nThe law in the United States also provides for appeals to draft status. If, in the event of a future draft, you file to change your draft classification, you automatically get a deferral until your claim is processed.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Refuse to serve.\", \"描述\": \"This is a final option. Just don’t do it. However, you will have to face harsh consequences for refusal. In the US, during wartime and peacetime drafts, people have been jailed for refusing to be inducted into the military. Muhammad Ali famously refused to be drafted to fight in the Vietnam War, for example, and he was indicted, sentenced to five years in prison, and stripped of his boxing titles. Under current law, men are required to register for selective service – for a future draft – and refusal to register is a criminal offense.\\nIn the United States, you can be prosecuted for refusing to register with Selective Service, though this has not happened since 1986. The government can also deny you federal student aid, employment with the government, or, if you are an eligible immigrant, US citizenship.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Get information quickly so you can act in a timely manner.\\n\", \"Act in an informed way, but act without delay.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,255 | How to Avoid a Fight at School | 1. Defusing A Bad Situation
1-1. Stay calm.
If you find yourself in a tense situation, the best thing you can do is to try to defuse the situation. In order to reduce the tension, keep your cool. Staying calm can have a calming effect on the people around you.
Take a deep breath. If you feel yourself tensing for a fight, focus on your breath. Breath in slowly, and exhale slowly.
Take a moment to think. If someone starts teasing you in the hallway, your impulse might be to take the bait.
Instead, pause. Say to yourself, "If I fight, someone will get hurt and probably in trouble. I'm going to stay calm."
Make it a habit to breathe and think before speaking or acting. Your actions might result in others staying calm, too.
1-2. Shift the focus.
A great way to defuse a dangerous situation is to draw attention to something else. For example, if someone pushes you in the cafeteria, don't respond to the physical aggression. Instead, look for a way to shift the attention.
Try saying something like, "Didn't the bell just ring? I'm going to have to ignore you and head to Spanish."
You can also change the subject completely. If someone bumps into you aggressively on the way to class, turn to a friend and say, "Did you see that baseball game last night?"
Shifting the focus can help to ease tensions. By paying attention to something else, you are decreasing the likelihood of a fight.
1-3. Rely on humor.
A good laugh can instantly lighten the mood. If you find yourself in a situation where a fight could arise, try to say something funny. Using humor to defuse a situation can be very effective.
If you show that you are relaxed enough to make a joke, the person who wants to fight might back down. Say something funny to ease the tension.
Don't make jokes that will hurt someone else's feelings. Instead, try to just find the irony or humor in the situation.
Maybe someone is taunting you for studying during lunch. Laugh and say, "It may be boring now, but it will be nice to get into a great college!"
1-4. Be confident.
If you are self-assured, you will be less likely to feel the need to fight. When you are confident in yourself, you will feel able to handle tough situations in a mature way. There are a lot of ways you can build your confidence and portray it to others.
Focus on your strengths. If someone is teasing you about your clothes, think to yourself, "At least I'm awesome at soccer!"
Practice dealing with difficult situations. Take time to think about how you will respond if approached for a fight.
If you practice your response, you will feel much more confident in the moment. For example, you can practice saying something like, "I have better things to do than to fight."
1-5. Cope with insults.
Not all fights are physical. Someone may be trying to pick on you by saying harmful things. There are some ways that you can cope effectively with verbal aggression.
One way to cope with a bully is to ignore him or her. If someone is teasing you, just walk away.
Another tactic is to remain calm. Try saying, "You know, I can't think of a good reason to keep talking to you when you're acting like this."
Make it clear that you have no desire to fight. If you are not engaged in the situation, it will likely blow over.
2. Avoiding Potential Conflicts
2-1. Trust your instincts.
It's important to learn to defuse a bad situation. But it is equally important to take steps to avoid tough situations altogether. Spend time thinking about changes you can make to stay away from potential fights.
Go with your gut feeling. If you are walking home and see a group of kids standing on the corner, you might feel like there would be a problem if you walked by them.
Avoid the situation by taking a different route home. It might cost you a few extra minutes to change directions, but it could also help you avoid a fight.
The same is true for when you are actually in school. If you see a group of kids that look suspicious, don't engage with them. Use a different route to get to class.
2-2. Make safety a priority.
You could get hurt if you get in a fight. That is why it is important to always be conscious of your safety. It's a good idea to be aware of your surroundings.
Try to travel with friends. If possible, walk with others in between class.
A bully will be less likely to approach you for a fight if you are with other kids. You should also try to sit with friends at lunch.
If you are worried about your safety, try to stick close to adults. In the cafeteria, sit at a table close to a lunch room monitor.
2-3. Set boundaries.
You can make it clear that other kids need to respect your personal space. Setting boundaries is a great way to avoid getting in a fight. Establish clear lines that should not be crossed.
If someone bumps into you try saying, "I would appreciate it if you could stay further away from me." Speak firmly and politely.
Maybe you need to leave the room and someone is blocking your path. You can say, "I would like you to get out of my way, please."
By setting boundaries, you are making it clear that you wish to avoid fighting. This is a better choice to make than shoving someone out of your way.
2-4. Use your voice.
Your words are your most powerful weapon. You can use your voice to help avoid potentially dangerous situations. For example, if you see other kids fighting, you can use words to defuse the situation.
Try using logic. Instead of getting physically involved, you can say "You are going to get in trouble if you keep fighting. I know neither of you wants to get suspended from the basketball team."
You can also use your words to get help. Tell an adult if there is a fight starting. This is a choice that can help you to stay out of danger.
Always try to speak clearly and confidently. You want others to know that you mean what you say.
Be respectful. Do not use your words to instigate problems.
Instead of mocking someone, try saying, "I know you're better than this. I don't think you really want to fight."
2-5. Manage your emotions.
One of the main reasons that people fight is because they allow emotions to get the best of them. Fights are usually caused by anger, stress, or fear. Learning to control your emotions can help you stay out of fights.
There are several things you can do to manage stress. For example, you can concentrate on the positive things in your life.
Maybe you are stressed because someone in your family is sick. Instead of focusing on that at school, take a moment to be glad that you get to spend some time with your friends.
There are also effective ways to control your anger. For example, you can practice deep breathing techniques. Count to five while you slowly inhale, then count to five as you slowly exhale.
Talk about your feelings. If you are coping with some difficult emotions, speak to a friend, parent, or teacher.
2-6. Take charge of your life.
All of us have bad days. Sometimes you might feel like snapping at someone, or you might feel like you have an especially short temper. Just remember, you can choose how you handle those days.
It's normal to have bad days. But you can try to minimize those occasions by focusing on the positive things in your life.
If you find yourself about to say something mean, find something else to think about. Try saying to yourself, "Ok, I'm annoyed now, but I'm really looking forward to playing video games later."
Maybe someone said something hurtful to you at school. You can use the same coping tactics for dealing with someone who wants to physically fight you.
Take care of yourself physically. Make sure to get enough rest and physical exercise. These will help stabilize your mood and help you avoid the urge to fight.
3. Finding a Support System
3-1. Talk to your parents.
Maybe other students try to pick fights with you. Or maybe you feel the urge to fight with someone else. Either way, dealing with potential aggression can be a very emotional experience. Look for people who can help support you.
Your parents can help you deal with this tough situation. Ask them if you can talk.
Be specific in your request. Say, "Mom, can I talk to you about a tough problem I'm dealing with?"
Be open and honest. Tell your parents exactly what the issue is. Work together to try to find a solution.
3-2. Ask a teacher for advice.
Teachers are another very helpful resource. If you have a teacher that you are close to, consider asking that person to offer you some tips. You can ask to keep your conversation confidential.
Tell your teacher your concerns. For example, you can say, "I have been arguing a lot with Jason lately. I'm worried that we might get in an actual fight."
You can also try talking to the school guidance counselor. Counselors are trained to help students deal with difficult situations.
Consider talking to a coach or an adviser of one of your after school activities. Any adult who knows you will likely be able to help you think of some ways to avoid fights.
3-3. Spend time with your true friends.
You're likely busy with school, activities, and chores. But don't forget to make time to hang out with your friends. Friends are an important resource, too.
Your friends can make you laugh. When you are more relaxed, you will be less likely to be tempted to fight.
Spend time with people who are genuine. You and your friends should be kind to one another. You should also be honest with each other.
If you're having an issue with a classmate, tell your friend about it. Say, "I'm worried I might get in a fight. Can you sit with me at lunch next week?"
3-4. Use online resources.
Junior high and high school can cause stress. It is difficult to find a positive way to deal with changes as you get older. Just remember, there is always someone who can listen.
Use the internet. There are lots of discussion forums and chat rooms devoted to helping teens.
Look for a site that offers advice for fighting bullying. You can learn to avoid bullies, and to avoid becoming one.
Consider going to a site such as Teenline.org. You can choose to chat, text, e-mail, or talk on the phone to someone who understands what you're dealing with.
Tips
Confidence is very important.
Don't worry what others think of you for turning down a fight.
Ask for help if you are worried about your safety.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:37",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Defusing A Bad Situation\\n1-1. Stay calm.\\nIf you find yourself in a tense situation, the best thing you can do is to try to defuse the situation. In order to reduce the tension, keep your cool. Staying calm can have a calming effect on the people around you.\\nTake a deep breath. If you feel yourself tensing for a fight, focus on your breath. Breath in slowly, and exhale slowly.\\nTake a moment to think. If someone starts teasing you in the hallway, your impulse might be to take the bait.\\nInstead, pause. Say to yourself, \\\"If I fight, someone will get hurt and probably in trouble. I'm going to stay calm.\\\"\\nMake it a habit to breathe and think before speaking or acting. Your actions might result in others staying calm, too.\\n1-2. Shift the focus.\\nA great way to defuse a dangerous situation is to draw attention to something else. For example, if someone pushes you in the cafeteria, don't respond to the physical aggression. Instead, look for a way to shift the attention.\\nTry saying something like, \\\"Didn't the bell just ring? I'm going to have to ignore you and head to Spanish.\\\"\\nYou can also change the subject completely. If someone bumps into you aggressively on the way to class, turn to a friend and say, \\\"Did you see that baseball game last night?\\\"\\nShifting the focus can help to ease tensions. By paying attention to something else, you are decreasing the likelihood of a fight.\\n1-3. Rely on humor.\\nA good laugh can instantly lighten the mood. If you find yourself in a situation where a fight could arise, try to say something funny. Using humor to defuse a situation can be very effective.\\nIf you show that you are relaxed enough to make a joke, the person who wants to fight might back down. Say something funny to ease the tension.\\nDon't make jokes that will hurt someone else's feelings. Instead, try to just find the irony or humor in the situation.\\nMaybe someone is taunting you for studying during lunch. Laugh and say, \\\"It may be boring now, but it will be nice to get into a great college!\\\"\\n1-4. Be confident.\\nIf you are self-assured, you will be less likely to feel the need to fight. When you are confident in yourself, you will feel able to handle tough situations in a mature way. There are a lot of ways you can build your confidence and portray it to others.\\nFocus on your strengths. If someone is teasing you about your clothes, think to yourself, \\\"At least I'm awesome at soccer!\\\"\\nPractice dealing with difficult situations. Take time to think about how you will respond if approached for a fight.\\nIf you practice your response, you will feel much more confident in the moment. For example, you can practice saying something like, \\\"I have better things to do than to fight.\\\"\\n1-5. Cope with insults.\\nNot all fights are physical. Someone may be trying to pick on you by saying harmful things. There are some ways that you can cope effectively with verbal aggression.\\nOne way to cope with a bully is to ignore him or her. If someone is teasing you, just walk away.\\nAnother tactic is to remain calm. Try saying, \\\"You know, I can't think of a good reason to keep talking to you when you're acting like this.\\\"\\nMake it clear that you have no desire to fight. If you are not engaged in the situation, it will likely blow over.\\n2. Avoiding Potential Conflicts\\n2-1. Trust your instincts.\\nIt's important to learn to defuse a bad situation. But it is equally important to take steps to avoid tough situations altogether. Spend time thinking about changes you can make to stay away from potential fights.\\nGo with your gut feeling. If you are walking home and see a group of kids standing on the corner, you might feel like there would be a problem if you walked by them.\\nAvoid the situation by taking a different route home. It might cost you a few extra minutes to change directions, but it could also help you avoid a fight.\\nThe same is true for when you are actually in school. If you see a group of kids that look suspicious, don't engage with them. Use a different route to get to class.\\n2-2. Make safety a priority.\\nYou could get hurt if you get in a fight. That is why it is important to always be conscious of your safety. It's a good idea to be aware of your surroundings.\\nTry to travel with friends. If possible, walk with others in between class.\\nA bully will be less likely to approach you for a fight if you are with other kids. You should also try to sit with friends at lunch.\\nIf you are worried about your safety, try to stick close to adults. In the cafeteria, sit at a table close to a lunch room monitor.\\n2-3. Set boundaries.\\nYou can make it clear that other kids need to respect your personal space. Setting boundaries is a great way to avoid getting in a fight. Establish clear lines that should not be crossed.\\nIf someone bumps into you try saying, \\\"I would appreciate it if you could stay further away from me.\\\" Speak firmly and politely.\\nMaybe you need to leave the room and someone is blocking your path. You can say, \\\"I would like you to get out of my way, please.\\\"\\nBy setting boundaries, you are making it clear that you wish to avoid fighting. This is a better choice to make than shoving someone out of your way.\\n2-4. Use your voice.\\nYour words are your most powerful weapon. You can use your voice to help avoid potentially dangerous situations. For example, if you see other kids fighting, you can use words to defuse the situation.\\nTry using logic. Instead of getting physically involved, you can say \\\"You are going to get in trouble if you keep fighting. I know neither of you wants to get suspended from the basketball team.\\\"\\nYou can also use your words to get help. Tell an adult if there is a fight starting. This is a choice that can help you to stay out of danger.\\nAlways try to speak clearly and confidently. You want others to know that you mean what you say.\\nBe respectful. Do not use your words to instigate problems.\\nInstead of mocking someone, try saying, \\\"I know you're better than this. I don't think you really want to fight.\\\"\\n2-5. Manage your emotions.\\nOne of the main reasons that people fight is because they allow emotions to get the best of them. Fights are usually caused by anger, stress, or fear. Learning to control your emotions can help you stay out of fights.\\nThere are several things you can do to manage stress. For example, you can concentrate on the positive things in your life.\\nMaybe you are stressed because someone in your family is sick. Instead of focusing on that at school, take a moment to be glad that you get to spend some time with your friends.\\nThere are also effective ways to control your anger. For example, you can practice deep breathing techniques. Count to five while you slowly inhale, then count to five as you slowly exhale.\\nTalk about your feelings. If you are coping with some difficult emotions, speak to a friend, parent, or teacher.\\n2-6. Take charge of your life.\\nAll of us have bad days. Sometimes you might feel like snapping at someone, or you might feel like you have an especially short temper. Just remember, you can choose how you handle those days.\\nIt's normal to have bad days. But you can try to minimize those occasions by focusing on the positive things in your life.\\nIf you find yourself about to say something mean, find something else to think about. Try saying to yourself, \\\"Ok, I'm annoyed now, but I'm really looking forward to playing video games later.\\\"\\nMaybe someone said something hurtful to you at school. You can use the same coping tactics for dealing with someone who wants to physically fight you.\\nTake care of yourself physically. Make sure to get enough rest and physical exercise. These will help stabilize your mood and help you avoid the urge to fight.\\n3. Finding a Support System\\n3-1. Talk to your parents.\\nMaybe other students try to pick fights with you. Or maybe you feel the urge to fight with someone else. Either way, dealing with potential aggression can be a very emotional experience. Look for people who can help support you.\\nYour parents can help you deal with this tough situation. Ask them if you can talk.\\nBe specific in your request. Say, \\\"Mom, can I talk to you about a tough problem I'm dealing with?\\\"\\nBe open and honest. Tell your parents exactly what the issue is. Work together to try to find a solution.\\n3-2. Ask a teacher for advice.\\nTeachers are another very helpful resource. If you have a teacher that you are close to, consider asking that person to offer you some tips. You can ask to keep your conversation confidential.\\nTell your teacher your concerns. For example, you can say, \\\"I have been arguing a lot with Jason lately. I'm worried that we might get in an actual fight.\\\"\\nYou can also try talking to the school guidance counselor. Counselors are trained to help students deal with difficult situations.\\nConsider talking to a coach or an adviser of one of your after school activities. Any adult who knows you will likely be able to help you think of some ways to avoid fights.\\n3-3. Spend time with your true friends.\\nYou're likely busy with school, activities, and chores. But don't forget to make time to hang out with your friends. Friends are an important resource, too.\\nYour friends can make you laugh. When you are more relaxed, you will be less likely to be tempted to fight.\\nSpend time with people who are genuine. You and your friends should be kind to one another. You should also be honest with each other.\\nIf you're having an issue with a classmate, tell your friend about it. Say, \\\"I'm worried I might get in a fight. Can you sit with me at lunch next week?\\\"\\n3-4. Use online resources.\\nJunior high and high school can cause stress. It is difficult to find a positive way to deal with changes as you get older. Just remember, there is always someone who can listen.\\nUse the internet. There are lots of discussion forums and chat rooms devoted to helping teens.\\nLook for a site that offers advice for fighting bullying. You can learn to avoid bullies, and to avoid becoming one.\\nConsider going to a site such as Teenline.org. You can choose to chat, text, e-mail, or talk on the phone to someone who understands what you're dealing with.\\nTips\\nConfidence is very important.\\nDon't worry what others think of you for turning down a fight.\\nAsk for help if you are worried about your safety.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Sometimes there are people at school who always seem to want to fight. You might even be the one who occasionally loses your temper. However, getting in a physical fight is not a good way to settle a conflict. You could get hurt and you could get in trouble. Fortunately, there are several things you can do to avoid getting in a fight at school.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Defusing A Bad Situation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Stay calm.\", \"描述\": \"If you find yourself in a tense situation, the best thing you can do is to try to defuse the situation. In order to reduce the tension, keep your cool. Staying calm can have a calming effect on the people around you.\\nTake a deep breath. If you feel yourself tensing for a fight, focus on your breath. Breath in slowly, and exhale slowly.\\nTake a moment to think. If someone starts teasing you in the hallway, your impulse might be to take the bait.\\nInstead, pause. Say to yourself, \\\"If I fight, someone will get hurt and probably in trouble. I'm going to stay calm.\\\"\\nMake it a habit to breathe and think before speaking or acting. Your actions might result in others staying calm, too.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Shift the focus.\", \"描述\": \"A great way to defuse a dangerous situation is to draw attention to something else. For example, if someone pushes you in the cafeteria, don't respond to the physical aggression. Instead, look for a way to shift the attention.\\nTry saying something like, \\\"Didn't the bell just ring? I'm going to have to ignore you and head to Spanish.\\\"\\nYou can also change the subject completely. If someone bumps into you aggressively on the way to class, turn to a friend and say, \\\"Did you see that baseball game last night?\\\"\\nShifting the focus can help to ease tensions. By paying attention to something else, you are decreasing the likelihood of a fight.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rely on humor.\", \"描述\": \"A good laugh can instantly lighten the mood. If you find yourself in a situation where a fight could arise, try to say something funny. Using humor to defuse a situation can be very effective.\\nIf you show that you are relaxed enough to make a joke, the person who wants to fight might back down. Say something funny to ease the tension.\\nDon't make jokes that will hurt someone else's feelings. Instead, try to just find the irony or humor in the situation.\\nMaybe someone is taunting you for studying during lunch. Laugh and say, \\\"It may be boring now, but it will be nice to get into a great college!\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be confident.\", \"描述\": \"If you are self-assured, you will be less likely to feel the need to fight. When you are confident in yourself, you will feel able to handle tough situations in a mature way. There are a lot of ways you can build your confidence and portray it to others.\\nFocus on your strengths. If someone is teasing you about your clothes, think to yourself, \\\"At least I'm awesome at soccer!\\\"\\nPractice dealing with difficult situations. Take time to think about how you will respond if approached for a fight.\\nIf you practice your response, you will feel much more confident in the moment. For example, you can practice saying something like, \\\"I have better things to do than to fight.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Cope with insults.\", \"描述\": \"Not all fights are physical. Someone may be trying to pick on you by saying harmful things. There are some ways that you can cope effectively with verbal aggression.\\nOne way to cope with a bully is to ignore him or her. If someone is teasing you, just walk away.\\nAnother tactic is to remain calm. Try saying, \\\"You know, I can't think of a good reason to keep talking to you when you're acting like this.\\\"\\nMake it clear that you have no desire to fight. If you are not engaged in the situation, it will likely blow over.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Potential Conflicts\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Trust your instincts.\", \"描述\": \"It's important to learn to defuse a bad situation. But it is equally important to take steps to avoid tough situations altogether. Spend time thinking about changes you can make to stay away from potential fights.\\nGo with your gut feeling. If you are walking home and see a group of kids standing on the corner, you might feel like there would be a problem if you walked by them.\\nAvoid the situation by taking a different route home. It might cost you a few extra minutes to change directions, but it could also help you avoid a fight.\\nThe same is true for when you are actually in school. If you see a group of kids that look suspicious, don't engage with them. Use a different route to get to class.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make safety a priority.\", \"描述\": \"You could get hurt if you get in a fight. That is why it is important to always be conscious of your safety. It's a good idea to be aware of your surroundings.\\nTry to travel with friends. If possible, walk with others in between class.\\nA bully will be less likely to approach you for a fight if you are with other kids. You should also try to sit with friends at lunch.\\nIf you are worried about your safety, try to stick close to adults. In the cafeteria, sit at a table close to a lunch room monitor.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set boundaries.\", \"描述\": \"You can make it clear that other kids need to respect your personal space. Setting boundaries is a great way to avoid getting in a fight. Establish clear lines that should not be crossed.\\nIf someone bumps into you try saying, \\\"I would appreciate it if you could stay further away from me.\\\" Speak firmly and politely.\\nMaybe you need to leave the room and someone is blocking your path. You can say, \\\"I would like you to get out of my way, please.\\\"\\nBy setting boundaries, you are making it clear that you wish to avoid fighting. This is a better choice to make than shoving someone out of your way.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use your voice.\", \"描述\": \"Your words are your most powerful weapon. You can use your voice to help avoid potentially dangerous situations. For example, if you see other kids fighting, you can use words to defuse the situation.\\nTry using logic. Instead of getting physically involved, you can say \\\"You are going to get in trouble if you keep fighting. I know neither of you wants to get suspended from the basketball team.\\\"\\nYou can also use your words to get help. Tell an adult if there is a fight starting. This is a choice that can help you to stay out of danger.\\nAlways try to speak clearly and confidently. You want others to know that you mean what you say.\\nBe respectful. Do not use your words to instigate problems.\\nInstead of mocking someone, try saying, \\\"I know you're better than this. I don't think you really want to fight.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Manage your emotions.\", \"描述\": \"One of the main reasons that people fight is because they allow emotions to get the best of them. Fights are usually caused by anger, stress, or fear. Learning to control your emotions can help you stay out of fights.\\nThere are several things you can do to manage stress. For example, you can concentrate on the positive things in your life.\\nMaybe you are stressed because someone in your family is sick. Instead of focusing on that at school, take a moment to be glad that you get to spend some time with your friends.\\nThere are also effective ways to control your anger. For example, you can practice deep breathing techniques. Count to five while you slowly inhale, then count to five as you slowly exhale.\\nTalk about your feelings. If you are coping with some difficult emotions, speak to a friend, parent, or teacher.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Take charge of your life.\", \"描述\": \"All of us have bad days. Sometimes you might feel like snapping at someone, or you might feel like you have an especially short temper. Just remember, you can choose how you handle those days.\\nIt's normal to have bad days. But you can try to minimize those occasions by focusing on the positive things in your life.\\nIf you find yourself about to say something mean, find something else to think about. Try saying to yourself, \\\"Ok, I'm annoyed now, but I'm really looking forward to playing video games later.\\\"\\nMaybe someone said something hurtful to you at school. You can use the same coping tactics for dealing with someone who wants to physically fight you.\\nTake care of yourself physically. Make sure to get enough rest and physical exercise. These will help stabilize your mood and help you avoid the urge to fight.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finding a Support System\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Talk to your parents.\", \"描述\": \"Maybe other students try to pick fights with you. Or maybe you feel the urge to fight with someone else. Either way, dealing with potential aggression can be a very emotional experience. Look for people who can help support you.\\nYour parents can help you deal with this tough situation. Ask them if you can talk.\\nBe specific in your request. Say, \\\"Mom, can I talk to you about a tough problem I'm dealing with?\\\"\\nBe open and honest. Tell your parents exactly what the issue is. Work together to try to find a solution.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask a teacher for advice.\", \"描述\": \"Teachers are another very helpful resource. If you have a teacher that you are close to, consider asking that person to offer you some tips. You can ask to keep your conversation confidential.\\nTell your teacher your concerns. For example, you can say, \\\"I have been arguing a lot with Jason lately. I'm worried that we might get in an actual fight.\\\"\\nYou can also try talking to the school guidance counselor. Counselors are trained to help students deal with difficult situations.\\nConsider talking to a coach or an adviser of one of your after school activities. Any adult who knows you will likely be able to help you think of some ways to avoid fights.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Spend time with your true friends.\", \"描述\": \"You're likely busy with school, activities, and chores. But don't forget to make time to hang out with your friends. Friends are an important resource, too.\\nYour friends can make you laugh. When you are more relaxed, you will be less likely to be tempted to fight.\\nSpend time with people who are genuine. You and your friends should be kind to one another. You should also be honest with each other.\\nIf you're having an issue with a classmate, tell your friend about it. Say, \\\"I'm worried I might get in a fight. Can you sit with me at lunch next week?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use online resources.\", \"描述\": \"Junior high and high school can cause stress. It is difficult to find a positive way to deal with changes as you get older. Just remember, there is always someone who can listen.\\nUse the internet. There are lots of discussion forums and chat rooms devoted to helping teens.\\nLook for a site that offers advice for fighting bullying. You can learn to avoid bullies, and to avoid becoming one.\\nConsider going to a site such as Teenline.org. You can choose to chat, text, e-mail, or talk on the phone to someone who understands what you're dealing with.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Confidence is very important.\\n\", \"Don't worry what others think of you for turning down a fight.\\n\", \"Ask for help if you are worried about your safety.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,256 | How to Avoid a Girl Who Doesn't Love You Back | 1. Staying Away from Her
1-1. Tell her you can’t be around her.
You should start by letting her know that your relationship is too damaging to you for it to continue. Clearly tell her that you can’t be around her anymore.
Face-to-face contact is best. However, if you have to, you can call, text, or email.
Say something like “I know you don’t share my feelings, so I think it's best we don’t hang out anymore.”
Make sure to be polite and caring. Your goal should be to minimize contact with her, not to hurt her feelings.
1-2. Walk away from her.
If you run into her after letting her know you don’t want to be around her anymore, you need to walk away from her. Remember, though, it is better to subtly pass her by than to look as if you’re running away from her.
This works best after you’ve already let her know that you can’t be around her anymore. Otherwise, she’ll wonder what’s going on and won’t understand.
If you run into her by coincidence, you may want to politely acknowledge her before walking away. For instance, wave at her, smile, and keep walking.
Avoid being rude or blurting out things like “I can’t see you anymore” in front of other people.
1-3. Move out.
If you live together, you should move out. By living with her, you’ll have to confront her daily. This will likely hurt you and cause unneeded stress in your life.
If you live in the same room, you should probably arrange to stay at a friend’s house until you can get your living situation sorted out.
If you have different rooms in the same apartment, plan not to renew your lease. In addition, try to locate someone to sublet your room.
Remember, even though you’re having personal problems, you are still obligated to pay rent to your landlord. Whatever you decide to do, you need to make sure your contractual obligations are fulfilled – this may include giving your landlord a 30-day notice that you are vacating.
It is important to move out, as continuing to live together will hamper both of your abilities to move on.
1-4. Plan outings without her.
By minimizing contact, you’ll be able to limit the damage the relationship can do to you. To do this, make sure you plan your social outings so you won’t have to hang out with her.
Avoid socializing at places you know she frequents. For example, if she hangs out at a specific coffee house, stay away from it.
Hangout with friends from another social circle.
Inform your friends that you don’t want to be around her. This way, they can be conscious of the social activities they plan that involve you.
2. Preparing for a Healthy Relationship
2-1. Look to the future.
Don’t let one problematic relationship blind you to the fact that you have plenty going on in your life and have a lot to look forward to. Instead, try to think about the good things the future has in store for you.
Think about where you’ll be in 1, 5, or 10 years. Does she really figure into your life plans?
Consider other girls you know and may be interested in dating. That should give you motivation to try to avoid her.
2-2. Be more confident.
Without confidence, you’ll likely get involved with people who aren’t good for you. There are several things you can do to build your confidence:
Ask prior romantic partners about your positive attributes.
Avoid scrutinizing yourself and focusing on your negative qualities.
Tell yourself that you are an awesome person and should be valued and loved.
2-3. Meet other people.
The easiest way to avoid a girl that doesn't love you is to look around for those that may truly value you. By getting out into the world and meeting a lot of people, you’ll set yourself up for positive and healthy relationships. Try to truly take in the compliments you receive from others, and try to build those positive relationships.
Look for people who share your interests.
Don’t view one or two dates as a commitment. Play the field a little and try to date a lot of people. The more people you meet, the more likely you are to find someone that will share your feelings.
Get to know people in your friend group.
3. Knowing When Someone Doesn’t Share Your Feelings
3-1. Reflect on the history of the relationship.
Your first step in figuring out if a girl doesn’t love you is to think about the relationship itself. By reviewing the history of your relationship, you’ll get a good idea of its problems and strengths, and be better positioned to walk away from it.
Was the relationship ever different? For example, was there a time you thought the girl loved you?
Make a list of the things you thought you shared. Reflect to see if these were more things you wanted to share, or things you actually connected over.
Have you ever been romantically involved with her? If you’re not and never have been, she might view the relationship differently than you do.
3-2. Determine if the relationship is abusive.
After reflecting on the history of the relationship, you should think about whether it is somehow abusive. Some questions to ask yourself include:
Does she verbally or physically abuse you?
Does she consistently make you feel bad about yourself?
Does she accept affection and compliments but never return them? Did she take advantage of your interest or affection?
3-3. Look for ulterior motives.
Reflect a little on whether the girl in question has ulterior motives for being with you, being around you, or interacting with you. Once you think about this, you’ll have a better idea of whether she really doesn’t share your feelings. Consider if:
You hang out in a friend group that is very popular (and she does not).
She asks, or even expects, you to buy things for her.
You have a friend she is really into.
3-4. Observe if she returns your affection.
Spend some time watching your interactions with her and determining if she doesn’t return your affections. If she doesn’t, you’re likely in an unhealthy relationship of some sort.
Watch to see if she hugs back when you hug her.
Ask yourself whether she enjoys physical contact with you. For example, does she like holding hands with you? Does she ever initiate any physical contact?
Listen to see how she responds when you tell her you love her. For example, does she respond “I love you, too” or does she remain silent or even say something like “thanks.”
3-5. Engage in an honest conversation.
The best way to find out how she feels about you is to engage her in a truthful conversation about both of your feelings. Without an honest conversation, you won't know for sure how she feels.
Ask her to talk about your relationship.
Make your feelings clear.
Inquire about her feelings.
Tell her not to spare your feelings. While it may hurt a little at first,
4. Determining If She is Unavailable
4-1. Find out if she is in a relationship.
If she is in a relationship, she may be uninterested in you or unable to express her feelings about you. Either way, you'll likely wind up being disappointed.
Her mentioning her significant other should be a good sign that she is not interested in a relationship with you.
4-2. Consider if she is in a different social circle.
If you find yourself having romantic feelings for someone from a vastly different social circle, you may run into problems. This is especially true if the girl in question is considered dramatically cooler or hipper.
If you are in a different social circle, you may have trouble getting one-on-one contact time. As a result, you may be unable to communicate that you'd like a romantic relationship.
Consult your friends as to whether the girl in question is "out of your league." Think seriously about your feelings if they tell you that the girl is too cool or too attractive for you.
It is okay to try to pursue someone from outside your social circle. Just make sure you are open to unspoken cues she might send that suggest she is not interested in you. In addition, if she explicitly tells you that she is uninterested, you should back off.
4-3. Think about whether she is trying to avoid relationships.
You might find yourself having feelings for someone who for some reason isn't interested in getting into a relationship. If she's avoiding relationships for the time being, you may need to back off for now, but not necessarily for forever. Reflect on whether:
She recently got out of a relationship that left her hurt or sad.
She is focused on academics or her career.
She has a lot going on in her life which leaves little time for romantic relationships.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:37",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Staying Away from Her\\n1-1. Tell her you can’t be around her.\\nYou should start by letting her know that your relationship is too damaging to you for it to continue. Clearly tell her that you can’t be around her anymore.\\nFace-to-face contact is best. However, if you have to, you can call, text, or email.\\nSay something like “I know you don’t share my feelings, so I think it's best we don’t hang out anymore.”\\nMake sure to be polite and caring. Your goal should be to minimize contact with her, not to hurt her feelings.\\n1-2. Walk away from her.\\nIf you run into her after letting her know you don’t want to be around her anymore, you need to walk away from her. Remember, though, it is better to subtly pass her by than to look as if you’re running away from her.\\nThis works best after you’ve already let her know that you can’t be around her anymore. Otherwise, she’ll wonder what’s going on and won’t understand.\\nIf you run into her by coincidence, you may want to politely acknowledge her before walking away. For instance, wave at her, smile, and keep walking.\\nAvoid being rude or blurting out things like “I can’t see you anymore” in front of other people.\\n1-3. Move out.\\nIf you live together, you should move out. By living with her, you’ll have to confront her daily. This will likely hurt you and cause unneeded stress in your life.\\nIf you live in the same room, you should probably arrange to stay at a friend’s house until you can get your living situation sorted out.\\nIf you have different rooms in the same apartment, plan not to renew your lease. In addition, try to locate someone to sublet your room.\\nRemember, even though you’re having personal problems, you are still obligated to pay rent to your landlord. Whatever you decide to do, you need to make sure your contractual obligations are fulfilled – this may include giving your landlord a 30-day notice that you are vacating.\\nIt is important to move out, as continuing to live together will hamper both of your abilities to move on.\\n1-4. Plan outings without her.\\nBy minimizing contact, you’ll be able to limit the damage the relationship can do to you. To do this, make sure you plan your social outings so you won’t have to hang out with her.\\nAvoid socializing at places you know she frequents. For example, if she hangs out at a specific coffee house, stay away from it.\\nHangout with friends from another social circle.\\nInform your friends that you don’t want to be around her. This way, they can be conscious of the social activities they plan that involve you.\\n2. Preparing for a Healthy Relationship\\n2-1. Look to the future.\\nDon’t let one problematic relationship blind you to the fact that you have plenty going on in your life and have a lot to look forward to. Instead, try to think about the good things the future has in store for you.\\nThink about where you’ll be in 1, 5, or 10 years. Does she really figure into your life plans?\\nConsider other girls you know and may be interested in dating. That should give you motivation to try to avoid her.\\n2-2. Be more confident.\\nWithout confidence, you’ll likely get involved with people who aren’t good for you. There are several things you can do to build your confidence:\\nAsk prior romantic partners about your positive attributes.\\nAvoid scrutinizing yourself and focusing on your negative qualities.\\nTell yourself that you are an awesome person and should be valued and loved.\\n2-3. Meet other people.\\nThe easiest way to avoid a girl that doesn't love you is to look around for those that may truly value you. By getting out into the world and meeting a lot of people, you’ll set yourself up for positive and healthy relationships. Try to truly take in the compliments you receive from others, and try to build those positive relationships.\\nLook for people who share your interests.\\nDon’t view one or two dates as a commitment. Play the field a little and try to date a lot of people. The more people you meet, the more likely you are to find someone that will share your feelings.\\nGet to know people in your friend group.\\n3. Knowing When Someone Doesn’t Share Your Feelings\\n3-1. Reflect on the history of the relationship.\\nYour first step in figuring out if a girl doesn’t love you is to think about the relationship itself. By reviewing the history of your relationship, you’ll get a good idea of its problems and strengths, and be better positioned to walk away from it.\\nWas the relationship ever different? For example, was there a time you thought the girl loved you?\\nMake a list of the things you thought you shared. Reflect to see if these were more things you wanted to share, or things you actually connected over.\\nHave you ever been romantically involved with her? If you’re not and never have been, she might view the relationship differently than you do.\\n3-2. Determine if the relationship is abusive.\\nAfter reflecting on the history of the relationship, you should think about whether it is somehow abusive. Some questions to ask yourself include:\\nDoes she verbally or physically abuse you?\\nDoes she consistently make you feel bad about yourself?\\nDoes she accept affection and compliments but never return them? Did she take advantage of your interest or affection?\\n3-3. Look for ulterior motives.\\nReflect a little on whether the girl in question has ulterior motives for being with you, being around you, or interacting with you. Once you think about this, you’ll have a better idea of whether she really doesn’t share your feelings. Consider if:\\nYou hang out in a friend group that is very popular (and she does not).\\nShe asks, or even expects, you to buy things for her.\\nYou have a friend she is really into.\\n3-4. Observe if she returns your affection.\\nSpend some time watching your interactions with her and determining if she doesn’t return your affections. If she doesn’t, you’re likely in an unhealthy relationship of some sort.\\nWatch to see if she hugs back when you hug her.\\nAsk yourself whether she enjoys physical contact with you. For example, does she like holding hands with you? Does she ever initiate any physical contact?\\nListen to see how she responds when you tell her you love her. For example, does she respond “I love you, too” or does she remain silent or even say something like “thanks.”\\n3-5. Engage in an honest conversation.\\nThe best way to find out how she feels about you is to engage her in a truthful conversation about both of your feelings. Without an honest conversation, you won't know for sure how she feels.\\nAsk her to talk about your relationship.\\nMake your feelings clear.\\nInquire about her feelings.\\nTell her not to spare your feelings. While it may hurt a little at first,\\n4. Determining If She is Unavailable\\n4-1. Find out if she is in a relationship.\\nIf she is in a relationship, she may be uninterested in you or unable to express her feelings about you. Either way, you'll likely wind up being disappointed.\\nHer mentioning her significant other should be a good sign that she is not interested in a relationship with you.\\n4-2. Consider if she is in a different social circle.\\nIf you find yourself having romantic feelings for someone from a vastly different social circle, you may run into problems. This is especially true if the girl in question is considered dramatically cooler or hipper.\\nIf you are in a different social circle, you may have trouble getting one-on-one contact time. As a result, you may be unable to communicate that you'd like a romantic relationship.\\nConsult your friends as to whether the girl in question is \\\"out of your league.\\\" Think seriously about your feelings if they tell you that the girl is too cool or too attractive for you.\\nIt is okay to try to pursue someone from outside your social circle. Just make sure you are open to unspoken cues she might send that suggest she is not interested in you. In addition, if she explicitly tells you that she is uninterested, you should back off.\\n4-3. Think about whether she is trying to avoid relationships.\\nYou might find yourself having feelings for someone who for some reason isn't interested in getting into a relationship. If she's avoiding relationships for the time being, you may need to back off for now, but not necessarily for forever. Reflect on whether:\\nShe recently got out of a relationship that left her hurt or sad.\\nShe is focused on academics or her career.\\nShe has a lot going on in her life which leaves little time for romantic relationships.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"One of the most frustrating things in the world is having romantic feelings for someone that doesn’t feel the same about you. It’s even worse if you’re in a relationship with the person or are (for some reason) forced to be around them a lot. Thankfully, there are ways to avoid a girl that doesn’t love you back. By staying away from her, focusing on the future, and thinking carefully about how she feels about you, you’ll be able to minimize the stress of this sort of relationship.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Staying Away from Her\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tell her you can’t be around her.\", \"描述\": \"You should start by letting her know that your relationship is too damaging to you for it to continue. Clearly tell her that you can’t be around her anymore.\\nFace-to-face contact is best. However, if you have to, you can call, text, or email.\\nSay something like “I know you don’t share my feelings, so I think it's best we don’t hang out anymore.”\\nMake sure to be polite and caring. Your goal should be to minimize contact with her, not to hurt her feelings.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Walk away from her.\", \"描述\": \"If you run into her after letting her know you don’t want to be around her anymore, you need to walk away from her. Remember, though, it is better to subtly pass her by than to look as if you’re running away from her.\\nThis works best after you’ve already let her know that you can’t be around her anymore. Otherwise, she’ll wonder what’s going on and won’t understand.\\nIf you run into her by coincidence, you may want to politely acknowledge her before walking away. For instance, wave at her, smile, and keep walking.\\nAvoid being rude or blurting out things like “I can’t see you anymore” in front of other people.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Move out.\", \"描述\": \"If you live together, you should move out. By living with her, you’ll have to confront her daily. This will likely hurt you and cause unneeded stress in your life.\\nIf you live in the same room, you should probably arrange to stay at a friend’s house until you can get your living situation sorted out.\\nIf you have different rooms in the same apartment, plan not to renew your lease. In addition, try to locate someone to sublet your room.\\nRemember, even though you’re having personal problems, you are still obligated to pay rent to your landlord. Whatever you decide to do, you need to make sure your contractual obligations are fulfilled – this may include giving your landlord a 30-day notice that you are vacating.\\nIt is important to move out, as continuing to live together will hamper both of your abilities to move on.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Plan outings without her.\", \"描述\": \"By minimizing contact, you’ll be able to limit the damage the relationship can do to you. To do this, make sure you plan your social outings so you won’t have to hang out with her.\\nAvoid socializing at places you know she frequents. For example, if she hangs out at a specific coffee house, stay away from it.\\nHangout with friends from another social circle.\\nInform your friends that you don’t want to be around her. This way, they can be conscious of the social activities they plan that involve you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Preparing for a Healthy Relationship\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look to the future.\", \"描述\": \"Don’t let one problematic relationship blind you to the fact that you have plenty going on in your life and have a lot to look forward to. Instead, try to think about the good things the future has in store for you.\\nThink about where you’ll be in 1, 5, or 10 years. Does she really figure into your life plans?\\nConsider other girls you know and may be interested in dating. That should give you motivation to try to avoid her.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be more confident.\", \"描述\": \"Without confidence, you’ll likely get involved with people who aren’t good for you. There are several things you can do to build your confidence:\\nAsk prior romantic partners about your positive attributes.\\nAvoid scrutinizing yourself and focusing on your negative qualities.\\nTell yourself that you are an awesome person and should be valued and loved.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Meet other people.\", \"描述\": \"The easiest way to avoid a girl that doesn't love you is to look around for those that may truly value you. By getting out into the world and meeting a lot of people, you’ll set yourself up for positive and healthy relationships. Try to truly take in the compliments you receive from others, and try to build those positive relationships.\\nLook for people who share your interests.\\nDon’t view one or two dates as a commitment. Play the field a little and try to date a lot of people. The more people you meet, the more likely you are to find someone that will share your feelings.\\nGet to know people in your friend group.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Knowing When Someone Doesn’t Share Your Feelings\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Reflect on the history of the relationship.\", \"描述\": \"Your first step in figuring out if a girl doesn’t love you is to think about the relationship itself. By reviewing the history of your relationship, you’ll get a good idea of its problems and strengths, and be better positioned to walk away from it.\\nWas the relationship ever different? For example, was there a time you thought the girl loved you?\\nMake a list of the things you thought you shared. Reflect to see if these were more things you wanted to share, or things you actually connected over.\\nHave you ever been romantically involved with her? If you’re not and never have been, she might view the relationship differently than you do.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Determine if the relationship is abusive.\", \"描述\": \"After reflecting on the history of the relationship, you should think about whether it is somehow abusive. Some questions to ask yourself include:\\nDoes she verbally or physically abuse you?\\nDoes she consistently make you feel bad about yourself?\\nDoes she accept affection and compliments but never return them? Did she take advantage of your interest or affection?\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look for ulterior motives.\", \"描述\": \"Reflect a little on whether the girl in question has ulterior motives for being with you, being around you, or interacting with you. Once you think about this, you’ll have a better idea of whether she really doesn’t share your feelings. Consider if:\\nYou hang out in a friend group that is very popular (and she does not).\\nShe asks, or even expects, you to buy things for her.\\nYou have a friend she is really into.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Observe if she returns your affection.\", \"描述\": \"Spend some time watching your interactions with her and determining if she doesn’t return your affections. If she doesn’t, you’re likely in an unhealthy relationship of some sort.\\nWatch to see if she hugs back when you hug her.\\nAsk yourself whether she enjoys physical contact with you. For example, does she like holding hands with you? Does she ever initiate any physical contact?\\nListen to see how she responds when you tell her you love her. For example, does she respond “I love you, too” or does she remain silent or even say something like “thanks.”\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Engage in an honest conversation.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to find out how she feels about you is to engage her in a truthful conversation about both of your feelings. Without an honest conversation, you won't know for sure how she feels.\\nAsk her to talk about your relationship.\\nMake your feelings clear.\\nInquire about her feelings.\\nTell her not to spare your feelings. While it may hurt a little at first,\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Determining If She is Unavailable\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find out if she is in a relationship.\", \"描述\": \"If she is in a relationship, she may be uninterested in you or unable to express her feelings about you. Either way, you'll likely wind up being disappointed.\\nHer mentioning her significant other should be a good sign that she is not interested in a relationship with you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider if she is in a different social circle.\", \"描述\": \"If you find yourself having romantic feelings for someone from a vastly different social circle, you may run into problems. This is especially true if the girl in question is considered dramatically cooler or hipper.\\nIf you are in a different social circle, you may have trouble getting one-on-one contact time. As a result, you may be unable to communicate that you'd like a romantic relationship.\\nConsult your friends as to whether the girl in question is \\\"out of your league.\\\" Think seriously about your feelings if they tell you that the girl is too cool or too attractive for you.\\nIt is okay to try to pursue someone from outside your social circle. Just make sure you are open to unspoken cues she might send that suggest she is not interested in you. In addition, if she explicitly tells you that she is uninterested, you should back off.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Think about whether she is trying to avoid relationships.\", \"描述\": \"You might find yourself having feelings for someone who for some reason isn't interested in getting into a relationship. If she's avoiding relationships for the time being, you may need to back off for now, but not necessarily for forever. Reflect on whether:\\nShe recently got out of a relationship that left her hurt or sad.\\nShe is focused on academics or her career.\\nShe has a lot going on in her life which leaves little time for romantic relationships.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,257 | How to Avoid a Girl With a Crush | 1. Steps
1-1. Talk to her.
Tell her that you're flattered that she seems to like you but that you're not in a place to date anyone right now. Help her to understand that this means you're busy and emotionally unavailable. Some good excuses include:
"I'm really focused in work/sport's try outs, etc., right now"
"School comes first".
1-2. Give her a few days to let this information sink in.
Hopefully she'll leave you alone. If she does not, continue with the remaining steps.
1-3. Avoid making eye contact.
Whenever she tries to come near you, pretend like you cannot see her there and talk right through her to your buddies. This might break her heart, but that's what you want right?
1-4. Nod whenever you pass casually in the hallway and don't smile, so that it's not a greeting, but an acknowledgment.
A smile will always be interpreted as encouragement.
1-5. Don't pick up that phone if she calls you!
Never answer her messages, not even to say you're not interested; that's an acknowledgment of reading it and that gives her too big an angle.
1-6. Resist having any conversations with her.
This will increase her hope and it will be too easy to put a false slant on your enthusiasm.
1-7. Find someone for her to hook up with.
If she persists and seems nice enough, match her with someone else!
Tips
If she definitely is in love with the idea of you, because you guys haven't even had a conversation yet! In that case, maybe you don't know her yet either. Try to talk to her. Maybe she's the girl of your dreams.
A simple "I'm flattered that you seem to like me, but I'm just not attracted to you in that way." Can go a long way to letting her know that you are aware of the crush, but not interested. Playing games isn't always clear and causes more hurt than being straightforward.
Warnings
Be nice to her but not too nice so she couldn't tell everyone you're mean and it could get around to the girl you like.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:37",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Talk to her.\\nTell her that you're flattered that she seems to like you but that you're not in a place to date anyone right now. Help her to understand that this means you're busy and emotionally unavailable. Some good excuses include:\\n\\\"I'm really focused in work/sport's try outs, etc., right now\\\"\\n\\\"School comes first\\\".\\n1-2. Give her a few days to let this information sink in.\\nHopefully she'll leave you alone. If she does not, continue with the remaining steps.\\n1-3. Avoid making eye contact.\\nWhenever she tries to come near you, pretend like you cannot see her there and talk right through her to your buddies. This might break her heart, but that's what you want right?\\n1-4. Nod whenever you pass casually in the hallway and don't smile, so that it's not a greeting, but an acknowledgment.\\nA smile will always be interpreted as encouragement.\\n1-5. Don't pick up that phone if she calls you!\\nNever answer her messages, not even to say you're not interested; that's an acknowledgment of reading it and that gives her too big an angle.\\n1-6. Resist having any conversations with her.\\nThis will increase her hope and it will be too easy to put a false slant on your enthusiasm.\\n1-7. Find someone for her to hook up with.\\nIf she persists and seems nice enough, match her with someone else!\\nTips\\nIf she definitely is in love with the idea of you, because you guys haven't even had a conversation yet! In that case, maybe you don't know her yet either. Try to talk to her. Maybe she's the girl of your dreams.\\nA simple \\\"I'm flattered that you seem to like me, but I'm just not attracted to you in that way.\\\" Can go a long way to letting her know that you are aware of the crush, but not interested. Playing games isn't always clear and causes more hurt than being straightforward.\\nWarnings\\nBe nice to her but not too nice so she couldn't tell everyone you're mean and it could get around to the girl you like.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Uh-oh! The girl with the crush on you seems to be appearing everywhere these days... You're well aware that she fancies you but you're less than keen on having her follow you around and you're most certainly not contemplating dating her. What now? Here are some ways to give the girl with a crush the slip.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Talk to her.\", \"描述\": \"Tell her that you're flattered that she seems to like you but that you're not in a place to date anyone right now. Help her to understand that this means you're busy and emotionally unavailable. Some good excuses include:\\n\\\"I'm really focused in work/sport's try outs, etc., right now\\\"\\n\\\"School comes first\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Give her a few days to let this information sink in.\", \"描述\": \"Hopefully she'll leave you alone. If she does not, continue with the remaining steps.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid making eye contact.\", \"描述\": \"Whenever she tries to come near you, pretend like you cannot see her there and talk right through her to your buddies. This might break her heart, but that's what you want right?\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Nod whenever you pass casually in the hallway and don't smile, so that it's not a greeting, but an acknowledgment.\", \"描述\": \"A smile will always be interpreted as encouragement.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Don't pick up that phone if she calls you!\", \"描述\": \"Never answer her messages, not even to say you're not interested; that's an acknowledgment of reading it and that gives her too big an angle.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Resist having any conversations with her.\", \"描述\": \"This will increase her hope and it will be too easy to put a false slant on your enthusiasm.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Find someone for her to hook up with.\", \"描述\": \"If she persists and seems nice enough, match her with someone else!\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If she definitely is in love with the idea of you, because you guys haven't even had a conversation yet! In that case, maybe you don't know her yet either. Try to talk to her. Maybe she's the girl of your dreams.\\n\", \"A simple \\\"I'm flattered that you seem to like me, but I'm just not attracted to you in that way.\\\" Can go a long way to letting her know that you are aware of the crush, but not interested. Playing games isn't always clear and causes more hurt than being straightforward.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be nice to her but not too nice so she couldn't tell everyone you're mean and it could get around to the girl you like.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,258 | How to Avoid a Guy Who Likes You that Thinks You Like Him | 1. Tell him how you really feel.
It might be uncomfortable, but it’s best if you tell him the truth.
Tell him you don't like him. This step may be the only one you need. Dropping hints won't always work for some guys, and this will confirm that you do not have any feelings for him. That way, he won't have to keep guessing, and you can clear the problem before it gets worse.
It is best to be honest.
Be a grown-up and tell them in the kindest way that they are misinterpreting things and you are only friends.
You can say there is no chemistry between you.
2. Pretend that he doesn't exist.
Act like you don’t even notice him and he’ll back off eventually.
If he stares at you, act like you can't see him. In other words, completely ignore him. If he tries to talk to you, act as if you didn't hear him while turning to the nearest person and beginning to talk to them. That way, he won't dare interrupt your conversation, unless if he is determined enough to.
If he does interrupt your conversation, shoot him a warning look while politely but firmly saying, "Please don't interrupt this conversation."
It helps if your close friends know about this situation. That way, they can help you avoid him and start talking to you if he tries to approach you.
3. Keep your personal info to yourself.
Don’t give him your phone number and ask your friends to do the same.
Forbid your friends to give him your personal info, including your telephone number, Instagram handle, email address, etc. This way, he'll be unable to take any part in your social life outside of school, and you won't have to constantly ignore his calls or persistent messaging.
4. React strongly when he touches you.
If he brushes against you, shudder a little and take a step away.
One way guys try to get a girl's attention is to hover around her or try to have physical contact with her (ex: brushing past). If he tries to stand next to you, keep moving away from him. However, if you want to be safer, go to the restroom where he can't possibly follow you.
If you duck into the restroom to avoid him and he follows you, alert the authorities. That’s seriously dangerous behavior on his part.
5. Stay away from him physically.
The more space you can maintain, the quicker he’ll let it go.
If you have a class with him, sit on the opposite side of the room. If you cannot possibly avoid him, tell him you’re busy or you want to be left alone. You could also tell whoever is in charge about your problem and ask them to steer him away from you in partner projects. You could have them inform him that you aren't comfortable. This is embarrassing, but almost always works for most teachers are understanding.
6. Poke fun at him.
If you don’t make him feel good, he’s going to leave you alone.
It’s never a good idea to be intentionally cruel, but if he really refuses to leave you alone, he earned this one. If he overhears you trash talking, he will back off a bit. There should be no confusion on his end that you aren’t actually into him.
You could say something along the lines of, "Remember when John fell and couldn't get up? I think he needs life alert" or, "Remember when Danny got the math question wrong? He started crying like a baby! Wimp!"
7. Confront him.
If he’s crossing the line, look him in the eye and yell “stop.”
If he keeps on flirting with you like brushing your arm or touching your hair, simply turn around and firmly tell him he has to stop. He needs to know when enough is enough, and he will back off if he respects you. He will also start to think that you are getting annoyed with him.
8. Don’t feel bad for him.
Smile when he’s upset to really send the message.
This has a powerful impact. However, as much as you want to get rid of him, don't be too mean or cruel. Otherwise, you might harm your reputation, and he might want to get back at you in some horrible way.
Tips
One of the reasons he will think you like him is because you keep glancing at him; you're only peeking at him to make sure he's not staring at you! So you have two options; 1. Accept that he's into you and will probably be staring at you until his eyeballs burn through the back of his skull. 2. Just make sure that he doesn't catch you checking up on him. This can be embarrassing.
Sometimes it can go too far; be sure to tell a parent or adult person if you think he is stalking you.
If the boy tries to sit next to you, sit somewhere else. Maybe with your friends, or just sit somewhere else away from the boy.
Warnings
If your friends know that he likes you and they think that you like him even if you say no, then they might set you up with him. Just say to your friends that you simply don't like the guy and for him to move on.
Be sure to tell an adult if it gets too serious. e.g if he's following you everywhere, then he could be a stalker
Doing step number four can backfire - you can end up having two guys hot on your tail. Or, you could flirt with 10 boys at the same time!
Don't ignore them completely because you don't want to go out with them. That's just plain mean.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:37",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Tell him how you really feel.\\nIt might be uncomfortable, but it’s best if you tell him the truth.\\nTell him you don't like him. This step may be the only one you need. Dropping hints won't always work for some guys, and this will confirm that you do not have any feelings for him. That way, he won't have to keep guessing, and you can clear the problem before it gets worse.\\nIt is best to be honest.\\nBe a grown-up and tell them in the kindest way that they are misinterpreting things and you are only friends.\\nYou can say there is no chemistry between you.\\n2. Pretend that he doesn't exist.\\nAct like you don’t even notice him and he’ll back off eventually.\\nIf he stares at you, act like you can't see him. In other words, completely ignore him. If he tries to talk to you, act as if you didn't hear him while turning to the nearest person and beginning to talk to them. That way, he won't dare interrupt your conversation, unless if he is determined enough to.\\nIf he does interrupt your conversation, shoot him a warning look while politely but firmly saying, \\\"Please don't interrupt this conversation.\\\"\\nIt helps if your close friends know about this situation. That way, they can help you avoid him and start talking to you if he tries to approach you.\\n3. Keep your personal info to yourself.\\nDon’t give him your phone number and ask your friends to do the same.\\nForbid your friends to give him your personal info, including your telephone number, Instagram handle, email address, etc. This way, he'll be unable to take any part in your social life outside of school, and you won't have to constantly ignore his calls or persistent messaging.\\n4. React strongly when he touches you.\\nIf he brushes against you, shudder a little and take a step away.\\nOne way guys try to get a girl's attention is to hover around her or try to have physical contact with her (ex: brushing past). If he tries to stand next to you, keep moving away from him. However, if you want to be safer, go to the restroom where he can't possibly follow you.\\nIf you duck into the restroom to avoid him and he follows you, alert the authorities. That’s seriously dangerous behavior on his part.\\n5. Stay away from him physically.\\nThe more space you can maintain, the quicker he’ll let it go.\\nIf you have a class with him, sit on the opposite side of the room. If you cannot possibly avoid him, tell him you’re busy or you want to be left alone. You could also tell whoever is in charge about your problem and ask them to steer him away from you in partner projects. You could have them inform him that you aren't comfortable. This is embarrassing, but almost always works for most teachers are understanding.\\n6. Poke fun at him.\\nIf you don’t make him feel good, he’s going to leave you alone.\\nIt’s never a good idea to be intentionally cruel, but if he really refuses to leave you alone, he earned this one. If he overhears you trash talking, he will back off a bit. There should be no confusion on his end that you aren’t actually into him.\\nYou could say something along the lines of, \\\"Remember when John fell and couldn't get up? I think he needs life alert\\\" or, \\\"Remember when Danny got the math question wrong? He started crying like a baby! Wimp!\\\"\\n7. Confront him.\\nIf he’s crossing the line, look him in the eye and yell “stop.”\\nIf he keeps on flirting with you like brushing your arm or touching your hair, simply turn around and firmly tell him he has to stop. He needs to know when enough is enough, and he will back off if he respects you. He will also start to think that you are getting annoyed with him.\\n8. Don’t feel bad for him.\\nSmile when he’s upset to really send the message.\\nThis has a powerful impact. However, as much as you want to get rid of him, don't be too mean or cruel. Otherwise, you might harm your reputation, and he might want to get back at you in some horrible way.\\nTips\\nOne of the reasons he will think you like him is because you keep glancing at him; you're only peeking at him to make sure he's not staring at you! So you have two options; 1. Accept that he's into you and will probably be staring at you until his eyeballs burn through the back of his skull. 2. Just make sure that he doesn't catch you checking up on him. This can be embarrassing.\\nSometimes it can go too far; be sure to tell a parent or adult person if you think he is stalking you.\\nIf the boy tries to sit next to you, sit somewhere else. Maybe with your friends, or just sit somewhere else away from the boy.\\nWarnings\\nIf your friends know that he likes you and they think that you like him even if you say no, then they might set you up with him. Just say to your friends that you simply don't like the guy and for him to move on.\\nBe sure to tell an adult if it gets too serious. e.g if he's following you everywhere, then he could be a stalker\\nDoing step number four can backfire - you can end up having two guys hot on your tail. Or, you could flirt with 10 boys at the same time!\\nDon't ignore them completely because you don't want to go out with them. That's just plain mean.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If a guy is crushing hard on you but you aren’t particularly interested in him, you may be looking for tips and tricks that’ll keep him away. There are plenty of direct and indirect options here, and we’ll break down everything you can do to help this guy get the message. In this article, we’ll show you what you can do to keep a persistent fella away.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tell him how you really feel.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"It might be uncomfortable, but it’s best if you tell him the truth.\", \"描述\": \"Tell him you don't like him. This step may be the only one you need. Dropping hints won't always work for some guys, and this will confirm that you do not have any feelings for him. That way, he won't have to keep guessing, and you can clear the problem before it gets worse.\\nIt is best to be honest.\\nBe a grown-up and tell them in the kindest way that they are misinterpreting things and you are only friends.\\nYou can say there is no chemistry between you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pretend that he doesn't exist.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Act like you don’t even notice him and he’ll back off eventually.\", \"描述\": \"If he stares at you, act like you can't see him. In other words, completely ignore him. If he tries to talk to you, act as if you didn't hear him while turning to the nearest person and beginning to talk to them. That way, he won't dare interrupt your conversation, unless if he is determined enough to.\\nIf he does interrupt your conversation, shoot him a warning look while politely but firmly saying, \\\"Please don't interrupt this conversation.\\\"\\nIt helps if your close friends know about this situation. That way, they can help you avoid him and start talking to you if he tries to approach you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep your personal info to yourself.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don’t give him your phone number and ask your friends to do the same.\", \"描述\": \"Forbid your friends to give him your personal info, including your telephone number, Instagram handle, email address, etc. This way, he'll be unable to take any part in your social life outside of school, and you won't have to constantly ignore his calls or persistent messaging.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"React strongly when he touches you.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If he brushes against you, shudder a little and take a step away.\", \"描述\": \"One way guys try to get a girl's attention is to hover around her or try to have physical contact with her (ex: brushing past). If he tries to stand next to you, keep moving away from him. However, if you want to be safer, go to the restroom where he can't possibly follow you.\\nIf you duck into the restroom to avoid him and he follows you, alert the authorities. That’s seriously dangerous behavior on his part.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Stay away from him physically.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"The more space you can maintain, the quicker he’ll let it go.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a class with him, sit on the opposite side of the room. If you cannot possibly avoid him, tell him you’re busy or you want to be left alone. You could also tell whoever is in charge about your problem and ask them to steer him away from you in partner projects. You could have them inform him that you aren't comfortable. This is embarrassing, but almost always works for most teachers are understanding.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Poke fun at him.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If you don’t make him feel good, he’s going to leave you alone.\", \"描述\": \"It’s never a good idea to be intentionally cruel, but if he really refuses to leave you alone, he earned this one. If he overhears you trash talking, he will back off a bit. There should be no confusion on his end that you aren’t actually into him.\\nYou could say something along the lines of, \\\"Remember when John fell and couldn't get up? I think he needs life alert\\\" or, \\\"Remember when Danny got the math question wrong? He started crying like a baby! Wimp!\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Confront him.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If he’s crossing the line, look him in the eye and yell “stop.”\", \"描述\": \"If he keeps on flirting with you like brushing your arm or touching your hair, simply turn around and firmly tell him he has to stop. He needs to know when enough is enough, and he will back off if he respects you. He will also start to think that you are getting annoyed with him.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Don’t feel bad for him.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Smile when he’s upset to really send the message.\", \"描述\": \"This has a powerful impact. However, as much as you want to get rid of him, don't be too mean or cruel. Otherwise, you might harm your reputation, and he might want to get back at you in some horrible way.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"One of the reasons he will think you like him is because you keep glancing at him; you're only peeking at him to make sure he's not staring at you! So you have two options; 1. Accept that he's into you and will probably be staring at you until his eyeballs burn through the back of his skull. 2. Just make sure that he doesn't catch you checking up on him. This can be embarrassing.\\n\", \"Sometimes it can go too far; be sure to tell a parent or adult person if you think he is stalking you.\\n\", \"If the boy tries to sit next to you, sit somewhere else. Maybe with your friends, or just sit somewhere else away from the boy.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If your friends know that he likes you and they think that you like him even if you say no, then they might set you up with him. Just say to your friends that you simply don't like the guy and for him to move on.\\n\", \"Be sure to tell an adult if it gets too serious. e.g if he's following you everywhere, then he could be a stalker\\n\", \"Doing step number four can backfire - you can end up having two guys hot on your tail. Or, you could flirt with 10 boys at the same time!\\n\", \"Don't ignore them completely because you don't want to go out with them. That's just plain mean.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,259 | How to Avoid a Heavy Backpack | 1. Choosing the Right Backpack
1-1. Pick a quality bag.
While some bags may be unnecessarily overpriced, you will find that good quality backpacks with more features and strong materials will cost you a bit more. You'll want to choose quality here, because the longer the bag stays in good shape, the more of a routine you can build around it. Look at canvas bags with reinforced seams costing around the $40.00 range.
1-2. Pick a bag that fits.
While you may think that backpacks are one size fits all, know that there are several factors that will make the bag fit better to your frame. You'll have to pay attention to the shoulder straps and the center of gravity.
Make sure the bag has two, wide straps. There are some backpacks that double as shoulder bags: while stylish, they won't be very good for carrying heavy weight as they'll put more weight on one side of your spine. Two wide straps will distribute the weight of the bag evenly to both your shoulders, while narrow straps will dig in and cause pain.
Make sure the straps rest comfortably on your shoulders, and aren't too wide or too close together. Too close together, and the straps may feel tight and constricting while resting too close to your neck. Too far apart and they may tend to slip off your shoulders.
Check the center of gravity. The heaviest of your books and belongings will rest at the very bottom of the bag, so you want to make sure that that center of weight isn't too low. The bottom of the backpack should rest at your hip line, or right about the height where you'd wear a belt.
1-3. Look at smaller backpacks.
While your first thought may be to buy the roomiest backpack so you can fit more inside, think about buying a smaller bag. The smaller it is, the less you'll be tempted to overload it.
1-4. Consider a rolling backpack.
While they might not be considered to be very cool, a rolling backpack can be loaded with a more weight than a carried backpack and can prevent injury too. If you think that you're going to be carrying a lot of heavy books, look into rolling backpacks or briefcases. Make sure they're allowed at your school though, as some schools consider them tripping hazards.
1-5. Weigh the bag.
You'll want to make sure that the empty bag you're buying isn't too heavy by itself. While most are made from light materials like nylon or canvas, some may be heavy while empty. Pick up the bag and get a feel for what it feels like empty to make sure you're not buying too heavy of a bag.
2. Getting Organized
2-1. Empty your backpack.
Whether you've bought it brand new or you need to unpack everything inside, making your bag lighter often starts with removing everything and deciding what you really need. Take out and set aside any old work or garbage, and look through your books and other belongings to see what is truly necessary.
2-2. Get rid of old work.
One piece of paper is light, but thirty or forty pieces of paper are deceptively heavy. Old work piles up, whether it's kept in neatly in folders or just thrown in the back of your bag. Go through the papers and decide what you still need. File or save any old homework or tests that you'll need in the future, then throw the rest away.
2-3. Get rid of clutter.
Receipts, fliers and other garbage tends to accumulate throughout a backpack over time. It gets stuffed in between important things and forgotten, adding to the weight of the bag over time. Go through your bag and remove any unnecessary clutter, throwing it away if it's truly unnecessary.
2-4. Take out old books and binders.
You may have been carrying around old library books or project binders that you completely forgot about. These add a lot of weight to your bag that you don't really need. Try to take out books as soon as you're finished with them or no longer need them for class to help keep your bag's weight down.
2-5. Decide what you'll need for one day.
Carrying a week (or a month's) worth of supplies can add weight and make your bag extra heavy. Think about what you actually use on a daily basis: how much paper, how many pens, how much makeup, what kind of gym supplies. Remove extra or excess amounts of these items.
2-6. Pack heavy items close to the inside.
You'll want your heaviest items, like textbooks, packed closer to your spine. The further out you pack them, the more they'll pull your spine in that direction, causing bad posture or even injury.
2-7. Make use of all compartments.
The more you can distribute the weight throughout your backpack, the lighter your bag will seem. Since the weight won't just be resting in one spot, your body will be carrying the load more evenly. Try to utilize all of the compartments and zipped pouches, especially those on the sides and near your shoulders.
3. Changing Your Habits
3-1. Don't keep unnecessary things in your bag.
If you've gone through your bag and removed all of the clutter, you'll likely have gotten rid of books or items you don't need. To tell if an item is unnecessary, think about whether you use it frequently or at all. If you use it daily, keep it in the bag. If you haven't seen it in weeks, take it out.
Make decluttering a habit! If you know you won't need something, leave it out of your bag. Go through your bag weekly to make sure you haven't piled up more of the same old things.
3-2. Store items in your locker.
If there are certain things that you know you won't need at home, leave them in your locker. This includes extra notebooks, textbooks for classes without homework that night, sports supplies, etc.
3-3. Plan your day the night before.
Go through your class schedule and see exactly what you will need to take with you for the next day. This will ensure that you're not carrying unnecessary books, notebooks or supplies. Here, unnecessary supplies are ones that you won't specifically need tomorrow. If you have Algebra, History and Spanish, leave out your English and Biology notebooks and texts.
3-4. Buy smaller versions of what you have.
While big binders and multiple-subject notebooks are great for organization, they also add a lot of weight, especially when they contain notes for classes you don't need every day. Invest in supplies that will help you separate your carry load and lighten your pack.
Get separate notebooks for each class. If you have one small notebook for each subject or project, you'll be able to carry only what you need for each day, leaving behind the notebooks you definitely won't need. Get notebooks in different colors if you have a hard time keeping them all straight.
Invest in compact notebooks. A4 is the standard paper size for most notebooks, but it includes a lot of margin room. All of that extra space on the paper adds up in weight, and you may not even get to the end of the notebook! Look at smaller A5 or even A6 notepads to cut down on the size and weight of your notebooks.
Carry travel sized items. If you frequently carry hairspray, lotion or other grooming products for use after gym, buy smaller sizes. Liquids weigh a lot and that weight adds up. If your favorite products don't come in travel sizes, buy small plastic bottles and transfer your products into them. Try sites like Amazon or The Container Store for small bottles.
3-5. Go electronic if your school will let you.
The less papers and books you have to carry, the lighter your backpack will be. Some textbooks come in electronic format, and you may be able to scan your homework and turn it in online. Also, consider scanning your book chapters and keeping them in digital form if an eBook is not available with the bound edition.This way, you'll only have to carry a laptop or tablet instead of books and papers.
3-6. Give parents notes and packets as soon as you get them.
While it may be hard to remember to do this, giving your parents any notes or letters means less weight in your backpack. Letters and notices tend to pile up especially if you're forgetful about them.
3-7. Don't procrastinate on your homework.
The sooner you do homework, the less likely it is to get lost or be forgotten in your bag, turning into dead weight. Also, when you finish the homework, you'll no longer have to carry the corresponding textbook to and from school, saving your bag 20 or 30 pounds.
3-8. Clean your bag out weekly.
Going through your bag weekly will help cut down on the clutter and the weight of the bag. It will also give you a good time to re-organize things back into the pockets they belong in, keeping the distribution of weight correct.
Tips
Only put lighter items in the outer pockets. If the outer pockets are too heavy, they could pull your weight to one side or the other, putting pressure on your spine.
If you have heavy items that need to be carried for only one day (science fair, project materials, bake sale) carry them in a separate tote bag instead of your backpack.
Check back to school sales for good deals on nicer backpacks, or look at sales online. Online sellers will also have star ratings for their packs, giving you an idea of how large, light and logical the bag's pockets are.
Warnings
Don't purge papers you need! While it's good to clean out your backpack regularly, be careful that you don't throw away important papers and assignments!
Extremely cheap bags won't be likely to last long or be very comfortable. While the price may seem attractive, these bags won't distribute weight well or last long enough for you to get an organizational flow.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:37",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Choosing the Right Backpack\\n1-1. Pick a quality bag.\\nWhile some bags may be unnecessarily overpriced, you will find that good quality backpacks with more features and strong materials will cost you a bit more. You'll want to choose quality here, because the longer the bag stays in good shape, the more of a routine you can build around it. Look at canvas bags with reinforced seams costing around the $40.00 range.\\n1-2. Pick a bag that fits.\\nWhile you may think that backpacks are one size fits all, know that there are several factors that will make the bag fit better to your frame. You'll have to pay attention to the shoulder straps and the center of gravity.\\nMake sure the bag has two, wide straps. There are some backpacks that double as shoulder bags: while stylish, they won't be very good for carrying heavy weight as they'll put more weight on one side of your spine. Two wide straps will distribute the weight of the bag evenly to both your shoulders, while narrow straps will dig in and cause pain.\\nMake sure the straps rest comfortably on your shoulders, and aren't too wide or too close together. Too close together, and the straps may feel tight and constricting while resting too close to your neck. Too far apart and they may tend to slip off your shoulders.\\nCheck the center of gravity. The heaviest of your books and belongings will rest at the very bottom of the bag, so you want to make sure that that center of weight isn't too low. The bottom of the backpack should rest at your hip line, or right about the height where you'd wear a belt.\\n1-3. Look at smaller backpacks.\\nWhile your first thought may be to buy the roomiest backpack so you can fit more inside, think about buying a smaller bag. The smaller it is, the less you'll be tempted to overload it.\\n1-4. Consider a rolling backpack.\\nWhile they might not be considered to be very cool, a rolling backpack can be loaded with a more weight than a carried backpack and can prevent injury too. If you think that you're going to be carrying a lot of heavy books, look into rolling backpacks or briefcases. Make sure they're allowed at your school though, as some schools consider them tripping hazards.\\n1-5. Weigh the bag.\\nYou'll want to make sure that the empty bag you're buying isn't too heavy by itself. While most are made from light materials like nylon or canvas, some may be heavy while empty. Pick up the bag and get a feel for what it feels like empty to make sure you're not buying too heavy of a bag.\\n2. Getting Organized\\n2-1. Empty your backpack.\\nWhether you've bought it brand new or you need to unpack everything inside, making your bag lighter often starts with removing everything and deciding what you really need. Take out and set aside any old work or garbage, and look through your books and other belongings to see what is truly necessary.\\n2-2. Get rid of old work.\\nOne piece of paper is light, but thirty or forty pieces of paper are deceptively heavy. Old work piles up, whether it's kept in neatly in folders or just thrown in the back of your bag. Go through the papers and decide what you still need. File or save any old homework or tests that you'll need in the future, then throw the rest away.\\n2-3. Get rid of clutter.\\nReceipts, fliers and other garbage tends to accumulate throughout a backpack over time. It gets stuffed in between important things and forgotten, adding to the weight of the bag over time. Go through your bag and remove any unnecessary clutter, throwing it away if it's truly unnecessary.\\n2-4. Take out old books and binders.\\nYou may have been carrying around old library books or project binders that you completely forgot about. These add a lot of weight to your bag that you don't really need. Try to take out books as soon as you're finished with them or no longer need them for class to help keep your bag's weight down.\\n2-5. Decide what you'll need for one day.\\nCarrying a week (or a month's) worth of supplies can add weight and make your bag extra heavy. Think about what you actually use on a daily basis: how much paper, how many pens, how much makeup, what kind of gym supplies. Remove extra or excess amounts of these items.\\n2-6. Pack heavy items close to the inside.\\nYou'll want your heaviest items, like textbooks, packed closer to your spine. The further out you pack them, the more they'll pull your spine in that direction, causing bad posture or even injury.\\n2-7. Make use of all compartments.\\nThe more you can distribute the weight throughout your backpack, the lighter your bag will seem. Since the weight won't just be resting in one spot, your body will be carrying the load more evenly. Try to utilize all of the compartments and zipped pouches, especially those on the sides and near your shoulders.\\n3. Changing Your Habits\\n3-1. Don't keep unnecessary things in your bag.\\nIf you've gone through your bag and removed all of the clutter, you'll likely have gotten rid of books or items you don't need. To tell if an item is unnecessary, think about whether you use it frequently or at all. If you use it daily, keep it in the bag. If you haven't seen it in weeks, take it out.\\nMake decluttering a habit! If you know you won't need something, leave it out of your bag. Go through your bag weekly to make sure you haven't piled up more of the same old things.\\n3-2. Store items in your locker.\\nIf there are certain things that you know you won't need at home, leave them in your locker. This includes extra notebooks, textbooks for classes without homework that night, sports supplies, etc.\\n3-3. Plan your day the night before.\\nGo through your class schedule and see exactly what you will need to take with you for the next day. This will ensure that you're not carrying unnecessary books, notebooks or supplies. Here, unnecessary supplies are ones that you won't specifically need tomorrow. If you have Algebra, History and Spanish, leave out your English and Biology notebooks and texts.\\n3-4. Buy smaller versions of what you have.\\nWhile big binders and multiple-subject notebooks are great for organization, they also add a lot of weight, especially when they contain notes for classes you don't need every day. Invest in supplies that will help you separate your carry load and lighten your pack.\\nGet separate notebooks for each class. If you have one small notebook for each subject or project, you'll be able to carry only what you need for each day, leaving behind the notebooks you definitely won't need. Get notebooks in different colors if you have a hard time keeping them all straight.\\nInvest in compact notebooks. A4 is the standard paper size for most notebooks, but it includes a lot of margin room. All of that extra space on the paper adds up in weight, and you may not even get to the end of the notebook! Look at smaller A5 or even A6 notepads to cut down on the size and weight of your notebooks.\\nCarry travel sized items. If you frequently carry hairspray, lotion or other grooming products for use after gym, buy smaller sizes. Liquids weigh a lot and that weight adds up. If your favorite products don't come in travel sizes, buy small plastic bottles and transfer your products into them. Try sites like Amazon or The Container Store for small bottles.\\n3-5. Go electronic if your school will let you.\\nThe less papers and books you have to carry, the lighter your backpack will be. Some textbooks come in electronic format, and you may be able to scan your homework and turn it in online. Also, consider scanning your book chapters and keeping them in digital form if an eBook is not available with the bound edition.This way, you'll only have to carry a laptop or tablet instead of books and papers.\\n3-6. Give parents notes and packets as soon as you get them.\\nWhile it may be hard to remember to do this, giving your parents any notes or letters means less weight in your backpack. Letters and notices tend to pile up especially if you're forgetful about them.\\n3-7. Don't procrastinate on your homework.\\nThe sooner you do homework, the less likely it is to get lost or be forgotten in your bag, turning into dead weight. Also, when you finish the homework, you'll no longer have to carry the corresponding textbook to and from school, saving your bag 20 or 30 pounds.\\n3-8. Clean your bag out weekly.\\nGoing through your bag weekly will help cut down on the clutter and the weight of the bag. It will also give you a good time to re-organize things back into the pockets they belong in, keeping the distribution of weight correct.\\nTips\\nOnly put lighter items in the outer pockets. If the outer pockets are too heavy, they could pull your weight to one side or the other, putting pressure on your spine.\\nIf you have heavy items that need to be carried for only one day (science fair, project materials, bake sale) carry them in a separate tote bag instead of your backpack.\\nCheck back to school sales for good deals on nicer backpacks, or look at sales online. Online sellers will also have star ratings for their packs, giving you an idea of how large, light and logical the bag's pockets are.\\nWarnings\\nDon't purge papers you need! While it's good to clean out your backpack regularly, be careful that you don't throw away important papers and assignments!\\nExtremely cheap bags won't be likely to last long or be very comfortable. While the price may seem attractive, these bags won't distribute weight well or last long enough for you to get an organizational flow.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Backpacks are a useful part of school life: they carry your books, papers and other important belongings to and from school. However, it's easy to overload a backpack, especially as forgotten books and papers pile up inside. This can lead to discomfort, fatigue and even injury. You'll need to get organized and change your habits to end up with a lighter bag.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choosing the Right Backpack\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Pick a quality bag.\", \"描述\": \"While some bags may be unnecessarily overpriced, you will find that good quality backpacks with more features and strong materials will cost you a bit more. You'll want to choose quality here, because the longer the bag stays in good shape, the more of a routine you can build around it. Look at canvas bags with reinforced seams costing around the $40.00 range.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pick a bag that fits.\", \"描述\": \"While you may think that backpacks are one size fits all, know that there are several factors that will make the bag fit better to your frame. You'll have to pay attention to the shoulder straps and the center of gravity.\\nMake sure the bag has two, wide straps. There are some backpacks that double as shoulder bags: while stylish, they won't be very good for carrying heavy weight as they'll put more weight on one side of your spine. Two wide straps will distribute the weight of the bag evenly to both your shoulders, while narrow straps will dig in and cause pain.\\nMake sure the straps rest comfortably on your shoulders, and aren't too wide or too close together. Too close together, and the straps may feel tight and constricting while resting too close to your neck. Too far apart and they may tend to slip off your shoulders.\\nCheck the center of gravity. The heaviest of your books and belongings will rest at the very bottom of the bag, so you want to make sure that that center of weight isn't too low. The bottom of the backpack should rest at your hip line, or right about the height where you'd wear a belt.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look at smaller backpacks.\", \"描述\": \"While your first thought may be to buy the roomiest backpack so you can fit more inside, think about buying a smaller bag. The smaller it is, the less you'll be tempted to overload it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider a rolling backpack.\", \"描述\": \"While they might not be considered to be very cool, a rolling backpack can be loaded with a more weight than a carried backpack and can prevent injury too. If you think that you're going to be carrying a lot of heavy books, look into rolling backpacks or briefcases. Make sure they're allowed at your school though, as some schools consider them tripping hazards.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Weigh the bag.\", \"描述\": \"You'll want to make sure that the empty bag you're buying isn't too heavy by itself. While most are made from light materials like nylon or canvas, some may be heavy while empty. Pick up the bag and get a feel for what it feels like empty to make sure you're not buying too heavy of a bag.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Organized\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Empty your backpack.\", \"描述\": \"Whether you've bought it brand new or you need to unpack everything inside, making your bag lighter often starts with removing everything and deciding what you really need. Take out and set aside any old work or garbage, and look through your books and other belongings to see what is truly necessary.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get rid of old work.\", \"描述\": \"One piece of paper is light, but thirty or forty pieces of paper are deceptively heavy. Old work piles up, whether it's kept in neatly in folders or just thrown in the back of your bag. Go through the papers and decide what you still need. File or save any old homework or tests that you'll need in the future, then throw the rest away.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get rid of clutter.\", \"描述\": \"Receipts, fliers and other garbage tends to accumulate throughout a backpack over time. It gets stuffed in between important things and forgotten, adding to the weight of the bag over time. Go through your bag and remove any unnecessary clutter, throwing it away if it's truly unnecessary.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Take out old books and binders.\", \"描述\": \"You may have been carrying around old library books or project binders that you completely forgot about. These add a lot of weight to your bag that you don't really need. Try to take out books as soon as you're finished with them or no longer need them for class to help keep your bag's weight down.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Decide what you'll need for one day.\", \"描述\": \"Carrying a week (or a month's) worth of supplies can add weight and make your bag extra heavy. Think about what you actually use on a daily basis: how much paper, how many pens, how much makeup, what kind of gym supplies. Remove extra or excess amounts of these items.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Pack heavy items close to the inside.\", \"描述\": \"You'll want your heaviest items, like textbooks, packed closer to your spine. The further out you pack them, the more they'll pull your spine in that direction, causing bad posture or even injury.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Make use of all compartments.\", \"描述\": \"The more you can distribute the weight throughout your backpack, the lighter your bag will seem. Since the weight won't just be resting in one spot, your body will be carrying the load more evenly. Try to utilize all of the compartments and zipped pouches, especially those on the sides and near your shoulders.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Changing Your Habits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't keep unnecessary things in your bag.\", \"描述\": \"If you've gone through your bag and removed all of the clutter, you'll likely have gotten rid of books or items you don't need. To tell if an item is unnecessary, think about whether you use it frequently or at all. If you use it daily, keep it in the bag. If you haven't seen it in weeks, take it out.\\nMake decluttering a habit! If you know you won't need something, leave it out of your bag. Go through your bag weekly to make sure you haven't piled up more of the same old things.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Store items in your locker.\", \"描述\": \"If there are certain things that you know you won't need at home, leave them in your locker. This includes extra notebooks, textbooks for classes without homework that night, sports supplies, etc.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Plan your day the night before.\", \"描述\": \"Go through your class schedule and see exactly what you will need to take with you for the next day. This will ensure that you're not carrying unnecessary books, notebooks or supplies. Here, unnecessary supplies are ones that you won't specifically need tomorrow. If you have Algebra, History and Spanish, leave out your English and Biology notebooks and texts.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Buy smaller versions of what you have.\", \"描述\": \"While big binders and multiple-subject notebooks are great for organization, they also add a lot of weight, especially when they contain notes for classes you don't need every day. Invest in supplies that will help you separate your carry load and lighten your pack.\\nGet separate notebooks for each class. If you have one small notebook for each subject or project, you'll be able to carry only what you need for each day, leaving behind the notebooks you definitely won't need. Get notebooks in different colors if you have a hard time keeping them all straight.\\nInvest in compact notebooks. A4 is the standard paper size for most notebooks, but it includes a lot of margin room. All of that extra space on the paper adds up in weight, and you may not even get to the end of the notebook! Look at smaller A5 or even A6 notepads to cut down on the size and weight of your notebooks.\\nCarry travel sized items. If you frequently carry hairspray, lotion or other grooming products for use after gym, buy smaller sizes. Liquids weigh a lot and that weight adds up. If your favorite products don't come in travel sizes, buy small plastic bottles and transfer your products into them. Try sites like Amazon or The Container Store for small bottles.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Go electronic if your school will let you.\", \"描述\": \"The less papers and books you have to carry, the lighter your backpack will be. Some textbooks come in electronic format, and you may be able to scan your homework and turn it in online. Also, consider scanning your book chapters and keeping them in digital form if an eBook is not available with the bound edition.This way, you'll only have to carry a laptop or tablet instead of books and papers.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Give parents notes and packets as soon as you get them.\", \"描述\": \"While it may be hard to remember to do this, giving your parents any notes or letters means less weight in your backpack. Letters and notices tend to pile up especially if you're forgetful about them.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Don't procrastinate on your homework.\", \"描述\": \"The sooner you do homework, the less likely it is to get lost or be forgotten in your bag, turning into dead weight. Also, when you finish the homework, you'll no longer have to carry the corresponding textbook to and from school, saving your bag 20 or 30 pounds.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Clean your bag out weekly.\", \"描述\": \"Going through your bag weekly will help cut down on the clutter and the weight of the bag. It will also give you a good time to re-organize things back into the pockets they belong in, keeping the distribution of weight correct.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Only put lighter items in the outer pockets. If the outer pockets are too heavy, they could pull your weight to one side or the other, putting pressure on your spine.\\n\", \"If you have heavy items that need to be carried for only one day (science fair, project materials, bake sale) carry them in a separate tote bag instead of your backpack.\\n\", \"Check back to school sales for good deals on nicer backpacks, or look at sales online. Online sellers will also have star ratings for their packs, giving you an idea of how large, light and logical the bag's pockets are.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't purge papers you need! While it's good to clean out your backpack regularly, be careful that you don't throw away important papers and assignments!\\n\", \"Extremely cheap bags won't be likely to last long or be very comfortable. While the price may seem attractive, these bags won't distribute weight well or last long enough for you to get an organizational flow.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,260 | How to Avoid a Hug | 1. Deflecting Hugs
1-1. Step backwards if you sense that a hug is approaching.
This will create a wider space between you and the potential hugger. It will hopefully indicate to them that a hug wouldn’t be appropriate in the situation.
Creating a bigger space between you and the hugger will also give them a physical sense of your personal space, which they will learn not to cross unless you invite them.
1-2. Offer a handshake
Use this method as your go-to hug avoidance strategy in the workplace. When you are a more comfortable distance away from the potential hugger, make it clear that despite not being open for a hug, that you do want to engage in a greeting. Extend your hand forward and smile in a friendly manner.
A handshake will be accepted as an alternative greeting in most instances, and this should help to make it clear for future social interactions with this person that hugs aren’t the way to go.
Initiating the handshake as soon as possible will help the other person to follow your lead, even if they were planning on hugging you.
You could also offer another greeting, like an elbow bump or a wave.
1-3. Turn a shoulder towards the hugger to deflect a hug.
Moving your shoulder towards the hugger removes your body from the hugging zone. You can also take a small step backward with one foot, which further turns your body to the side.
Having your body side-on rather than facing forward provides a much smaller target for a potential hug, which makes it less likely to happen.
1-4. Clasp the other person’s hand if they reach in for a hug.
Wrap your hands around their hand or arm if necessary, squeeze gently, and make eye contact. Shake their hand warmly for a few seconds before letting go.
If it’s a casual situation, try going in for a high five, or a fist bump, instead of clasping the other person’s hand.
Cutting the hugger off before they reach you is an effective, last-minute solution for avoiding an upcoming hug.
Don’t feel guilty or ashamed about cutting off a hug before it even starts. Cover it with a friendly greeting, such as “It’s so nice to see you!"
2. Getting Out of Unwanted Hugs
2-1. Keep your hands by your sides if the person hugs you anyway.
Reciprocation is the key to a successful hug, so you not hugging back should get the message across to the other person. Make sure that your arms sit straight by your sides, and don’t give in at any point.
An unreciprocated hug will be an awkward hug. This means that despite the hugger not picking up on your social cues the first time around, they will hopefully remember how awkward the hug was and greet you differently in the future.
2-2. Break the hug off quickly if not hugging back makes you uncomfortable.
Try giving the hugger a quick shoulder pat and then breaking the hug off quickly. This should get your message across clearly.
2-3. Remind the person that you don’t like hugs.
If the hug has gone ahead, politely but firmly remind the hugger that you would prefer not to hug. Step back from the hug and say, “Sorry, I’m not a hugger!”
If the person tries to hug you again in the future, you can use a more drastic reminder. Saying “Stop!” loudly, and putting your arms in front of your chest is usually enough.
3. Politely Declining Hugs
3-1. Make it clear that you don’t like hugs if you are joining a new workplace.
As you get introduced to your new group of colleagues, be upfront yet friendly about how you aren’t a huggy person. Offer everyone an alternative friendly greeting, such as a high five, fist bump, wave, or handshake depending on the formality of the situation.
“I’m not a hugger, I’m a handshake sort of person” will work well in most situations.
3-2. Talk about your feelings if somebody doesn’t understand.
If an acquaintance or coworker doesn’t pick up on your body language, use your words to let them know how you are feeling. Pull them aside, be polite and friendly, and say something along the lines of “You might have noticed that I’m not much of a hugger, and I feel more comfortable with handshakes.”
Your honesty in these situations may come across just as well as a warmly reciprocated hug!
3-3. Avoid pressuring your kids to hug when they don’t want to.
Although you might be afraid that it will come across as rude, don’t make your kids hug or kiss family members when they clearly feel uncomfortable. Compromise with them and let them know that they don’t have to hug a relative if they don’t to, but that you do expect them to make eye contact, and give a smile, high five, or wave instead.
Children who don’t want to be hugged aren’t trying to be rude. They may just be shy, uncomfortable, or still learning about social situations. Either way, forcing them to hug when they don’t want to will not create a positive situation for them.
Tips
Remember that most hugging people do have the best intentions. They just want to warmly greet you, and won't want to make you feel uncomfortable. An alternative greeting, such as a handshake or a pat on the shoulder, alongside warm conversation will help to avoid any hurt feelings.[10]
X
Research source
Warnings
If a person in your workplace hugs you numerous times despite you making your feelings clear and asking them to stop, this can be classified as sexual harassment. Report the person to HR, because you shouldn’t have to feel uncomfortable in your own workplace.[11]
X
Research source
| {
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"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Deflecting Hugs\\n1-1. Step backwards if you sense that a hug is approaching.\\nThis will create a wider space between you and the potential hugger. It will hopefully indicate to them that a hug wouldn’t be appropriate in the situation.\\nCreating a bigger space between you and the hugger will also give them a physical sense of your personal space, which they will learn not to cross unless you invite them.\\n1-2. Offer a handshake\\nUse this method as your go-to hug avoidance strategy in the workplace. When you are a more comfortable distance away from the potential hugger, make it clear that despite not being open for a hug, that you do want to engage in a greeting. Extend your hand forward and smile in a friendly manner.\\nA handshake will be accepted as an alternative greeting in most instances, and this should help to make it clear for future social interactions with this person that hugs aren’t the way to go.\\nInitiating the handshake as soon as possible will help the other person to follow your lead, even if they were planning on hugging you.\\nYou could also offer another greeting, like an elbow bump or a wave.\\n1-3. Turn a shoulder towards the hugger to deflect a hug.\\nMoving your shoulder towards the hugger removes your body from the hugging zone. You can also take a small step backward with one foot, which further turns your body to the side.\\nHaving your body side-on rather than facing forward provides a much smaller target for a potential hug, which makes it less likely to happen.\\n1-4. Clasp the other person’s hand if they reach in for a hug.\\nWrap your hands around their hand or arm if necessary, squeeze gently, and make eye contact. Shake their hand warmly for a few seconds before letting go.\\nIf it’s a casual situation, try going in for a high five, or a fist bump, instead of clasping the other person’s hand.\\nCutting the hugger off before they reach you is an effective, last-minute solution for avoiding an upcoming hug.\\nDon’t feel guilty or ashamed about cutting off a hug before it even starts. Cover it with a friendly greeting, such as “It’s so nice to see you!\\\"\\n2. Getting Out of Unwanted Hugs\\n2-1. Keep your hands by your sides if the person hugs you anyway.\\nReciprocation is the key to a successful hug, so you not hugging back should get the message across to the other person. Make sure that your arms sit straight by your sides, and don’t give in at any point.\\nAn unreciprocated hug will be an awkward hug. This means that despite the hugger not picking up on your social cues the first time around, they will hopefully remember how awkward the hug was and greet you differently in the future.\\n2-2. Break the hug off quickly if not hugging back makes you uncomfortable.\\nTry giving the hugger a quick shoulder pat and then breaking the hug off quickly. This should get your message across clearly.\\n2-3. Remind the person that you don’t like hugs.\\nIf the hug has gone ahead, politely but firmly remind the hugger that you would prefer not to hug. Step back from the hug and say, “Sorry, I’m not a hugger!”\\nIf the person tries to hug you again in the future, you can use a more drastic reminder. Saying “Stop!” loudly, and putting your arms in front of your chest is usually enough.\\n3. Politely Declining Hugs\\n3-1. Make it clear that you don’t like hugs if you are joining a new workplace.\\nAs you get introduced to your new group of colleagues, be upfront yet friendly about how you aren’t a huggy person. Offer everyone an alternative friendly greeting, such as a high five, fist bump, wave, or handshake depending on the formality of the situation.\\n“I’m not a hugger, I’m a handshake sort of person” will work well in most situations.\\n3-2. Talk about your feelings if somebody doesn’t understand.\\nIf an acquaintance or coworker doesn’t pick up on your body language, use your words to let them know how you are feeling. Pull them aside, be polite and friendly, and say something along the lines of “You might have noticed that I’m not much of a hugger, and I feel more comfortable with handshakes.”\\nYour honesty in these situations may come across just as well as a warmly reciprocated hug!\\n3-3. Avoid pressuring your kids to hug when they don’t want to.\\nAlthough you might be afraid that it will come across as rude, don’t make your kids hug or kiss family members when they clearly feel uncomfortable. Compromise with them and let them know that they don’t have to hug a relative if they don’t to, but that you do expect them to make eye contact, and give a smile, high five, or wave instead.\\nChildren who don’t want to be hugged aren’t trying to be rude. They may just be shy, uncomfortable, or still learning about social situations. Either way, forcing them to hug when they don’t want to will not create a positive situation for them.\\nTips\\nRemember that most hugging people do have the best intentions. They just want to warmly greet you, and won't want to make you feel uncomfortable. An alternative greeting, such as a handshake or a pat on the shoulder, alongside warm conversation will help to avoid any hurt feelings.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nIf a person in your workplace hugs you numerous times despite you making your feelings clear and asking them to stop, this can be classified as sexual harassment. Report the person to HR, because you shouldn’t have to feel uncomfortable in your own workplace.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If hugs aren’t your thing, social situations can quickly turn stressful. Knowing how to avoid hugs in the first place, as well as what to do if the worst does happen, will have you reducing your number of unwanted hugs in no time. Taking the time to communicate your feelings about hugs can also work wonders, and will let people know that you are more of a handshake, high five, or wave type of person. Whether you want to avoid unwanted hugs at your workplace, in a social setting, or even with family, we'll cover polite ways to decline hugs without any awkwardness.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Deflecting Hugs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Step backwards if you sense that a hug is approaching.\", \"描述\": \"This will create a wider space between you and the potential hugger. It will hopefully indicate to them that a hug wouldn’t be appropriate in the situation.\\nCreating a bigger space between you and the hugger will also give them a physical sense of your personal space, which they will learn not to cross unless you invite them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Offer a handshake\", \"描述\": \"Use this method as your go-to hug avoidance strategy in the workplace. When you are a more comfortable distance away from the potential hugger, make it clear that despite not being open for a hug, that you do want to engage in a greeting. Extend your hand forward and smile in a friendly manner.\\nA handshake will be accepted as an alternative greeting in most instances, and this should help to make it clear for future social interactions with this person that hugs aren’t the way to go.\\nInitiating the handshake as soon as possible will help the other person to follow your lead, even if they were planning on hugging you.\\nYou could also offer another greeting, like an elbow bump or a wave.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn a shoulder towards the hugger to deflect a hug.\", \"描述\": \"Moving your shoulder towards the hugger removes your body from the hugging zone. You can also take a small step backward with one foot, which further turns your body to the side.\\nHaving your body side-on rather than facing forward provides a much smaller target for a potential hug, which makes it less likely to happen.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Clasp the other person’s hand if they reach in for a hug.\", \"描述\": \"Wrap your hands around their hand or arm if necessary, squeeze gently, and make eye contact. Shake their hand warmly for a few seconds before letting go.\\nIf it’s a casual situation, try going in for a high five, or a fist bump, instead of clasping the other person’s hand.\\nCutting the hugger off before they reach you is an effective, last-minute solution for avoiding an upcoming hug.\\nDon’t feel guilty or ashamed about cutting off a hug before it even starts. Cover it with a friendly greeting, such as “It’s so nice to see you!\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Out of Unwanted Hugs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep your hands by your sides if the person hugs you anyway.\", \"描述\": \"Reciprocation is the key to a successful hug, so you not hugging back should get the message across to the other person. Make sure that your arms sit straight by your sides, and don’t give in at any point.\\nAn unreciprocated hug will be an awkward hug. This means that despite the hugger not picking up on your social cues the first time around, they will hopefully remember how awkward the hug was and greet you differently in the future.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Break the hug off quickly if not hugging back makes you uncomfortable.\", \"描述\": \"Try giving the hugger a quick shoulder pat and then breaking the hug off quickly. This should get your message across clearly.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remind the person that you don’t like hugs.\", \"描述\": \"If the hug has gone ahead, politely but firmly remind the hugger that you would prefer not to hug. Step back from the hug and say, “Sorry, I’m not a hugger!”\\nIf the person tries to hug you again in the future, you can use a more drastic reminder. Saying “Stop!” loudly, and putting your arms in front of your chest is usually enough.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Politely Declining Hugs\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make it clear that you don’t like hugs if you are joining a new workplace.\", \"描述\": \"As you get introduced to your new group of colleagues, be upfront yet friendly about how you aren’t a huggy person. Offer everyone an alternative friendly greeting, such as a high five, fist bump, wave, or handshake depending on the formality of the situation.\\n“I’m not a hugger, I’m a handshake sort of person” will work well in most situations.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Talk about your feelings if somebody doesn’t understand.\", \"描述\": \"If an acquaintance or coworker doesn’t pick up on your body language, use your words to let them know how you are feeling. Pull them aside, be polite and friendly, and say something along the lines of “You might have noticed that I’m not much of a hugger, and I feel more comfortable with handshakes.”\\nYour honesty in these situations may come across just as well as a warmly reciprocated hug!\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid pressuring your kids to hug when they don’t want to.\", \"描述\": \"Although you might be afraid that it will come across as rude, don’t make your kids hug or kiss family members when they clearly feel uncomfortable. Compromise with them and let them know that they don’t have to hug a relative if they don’t to, but that you do expect them to make eye contact, and give a smile, high five, or wave instead.\\nChildren who don’t want to be hugged aren’t trying to be rude. They may just be shy, uncomfortable, or still learning about social situations. Either way, forcing them to hug when they don’t want to will not create a positive situation for them.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Remember that most hugging people do have the best intentions. They just want to warmly greet you, and won't want to make you feel uncomfortable. An alternative greeting, such as a handshake or a pat on the shoulder, alongside warm conversation will help to avoid any hurt feelings.[10]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If a person in your workplace hugs you numerous times despite you making your feelings clear and asking them to stop, this can be classified as sexual harassment. Report the person to HR, because you shouldn’t have to feel uncomfortable in your own workplace.[11]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,261 | How to Avoid a Kiss | 1. Being Frank and Direct
1-1. Say “No” if the person moves in for a kiss.
One of the simplest ways to avoid an unwanted kiss is to simply say you don't want it. If someone leans in for a kiss, tell them to back off in clear and simple terms.
Try saying something like “No,” “Stop,” or “Please don't kiss me.”
You might also say, "I find you really attractive, but I'm just not ready for that yet."
Depending on who you're talking to—and how pushy they're being—you might try softening your approach a little. For example, if you're talking to your grandma, you could say in a gentle tone of voice, “Hey, Grandma, could you please not kiss me right now?”
1-2. Move away from the person trying to kiss you.
Your body language can also help get the message across. If you can see that the person is getting ready to kiss you, step or scoot away while also saying “No.” You can also put your hand up in front of your face in a “stop” gesture.
If the other person is holding or hugging you, you might pull away or gently but firmly push them back.
1-3. Explain that you're not interested in kissing.
You don't owe anyone an explanation for why you don't want a kiss, but it can be helpful to make your expectations clear. After refusing the kiss, tell them in a straightforward way that kisses aren't welcome.
For example, you could say, “I don't like being kissed,” “I don't enjoy kissing in public,” or “I never kiss on the first date.”
If you think you might be interested in kissing the person later on, you could say something like, “I'm not ready for kissing just yet.”
If you don't want to hurt the person's feelings, you can try offering a gentler explanation. For example, “I'm flattered, but I'm just not in the mood right now.”
1-4. Be firm about enforcing your boundaries.
Clearly stating that you don't want a kiss should be enough, but some people aren't good at taking the hint. Once you've told the other person what your boundaries are, stick to them. Let them know what the consequences will be if they don't respect your wishes.
For example, you might say, “I told you I don't want you to kiss me. If you keep trying to do it, I'm going to leave.”
Make sure to follow through on your consequences. For example, if you tell the other person you're going to leave, get up and walk out immediately if they try to kiss you again.
1-5. Get help if you feel like you're in danger.
Some people can get hostile or aggressive when they feel rejected. If the other person threatens you or even if you just get a bad feeling about the situation, leave as soon as you can. If possible, let someone else know what's going on. Call emergency services as soon as it's safe to do so if you feel like you're in immediate danger.
For example, if you're out on a date, you might excuse yourself to the restroom and then quietly leave the venue.
If you're in a public area, such as a restaurant, try asking a staff member for help. They can call a cab for you or even notify the police if you feel really threatened.
If you're a child or teen, tell a trusted adult, such as your parent, a teacher, or a school counselor, as soon as you can.
2. Using Tactful and Evasive Techniques
2-1. Make up an excuse to prevent the kiss.
If you're worried about hurting someone's feelings or don't feel comfortable just saying “No,” try coming up with a polite excuse to discourage the kiss. For example, you might explain that you're sick and don't want them to catch anything from you.
Try saying something like, “You might not want to get too close—I'm fighting that nasty cold that's been going around.”
2-2. Try hugging or shaking hands before they can kiss you.
If you suspect someone is going to swoop in for a kiss, you can sometimes divert it by making the first move. This works especially well in awkward greeting situations. Before they can get too close, stick out your hand for a handshake or pull them in for a quick hug.
If you go for a hug, keep it short and light. Adding a pat on the back can also make it feel more friendly than intimate.
2-3. Create a distraction if you think they're going in for a kiss.
If you think someone is about to kiss you, try quickly diverting their attention to something else. You could do this by pointing something out to them, bringing up a new topic of conversation, or making a request.
For example, as they're leaning in, say something like, “Hey, I'm really thirsty, would you mind grabbing me a drink?” or “Wow, check out that waiter's amazing tattoo!”
2-4. Put some space between yourself and the kisser.
Creating a little physical distance is another way to subtly avoid a kiss. If you know the person is likely to try to kiss you, keep some space between you or find an excuse to quickly move away from them if they try to get close.
For example, if they're dropping you off after a date, quickly hop out of the car and say goodnight from outside the car door. You could try saying something like, “I had a great time, but I'd better run. I have to get up early tomorrow.”
If you're hanging out somewhere, try sitting across from them instead of next to them to create a little extra distance.
2-5. Turn your head to dodge the kiss at the last minute.
If the other person is already going in for a kiss, look for a way to subtly dodge it. If they're going for your lips, try turning your head to the side so that the kiss lands on your cheek instead. If you think they're going to kiss your cheek, try putting your cheek against theirs and turning it into an air kiss.
If you want to duck the kiss altogether, try pretending that you dropped something or that you saw something that startled you across the room. Say something like, “Oh, oops, let me pick that up!” or “Wait, is that Roger? What's he doing here?” and quickly duck or step to the side.
2-6. Avoid being alone with the person if they like you romantically.
Someone who's interested in you romantically is less likely to make a move if you have a friend or relative with you. Try to avoid being in situations where you're with the person one-on-one. While this isn't always guaranteed to work, it might make a difference!
For example, if they've invited you to hang out, have your best friend tag along or suggest a group activity.
You can even try positioning a friend in between you and the potential kisser. For example, if you're going to a movie together, your friend can sit in the middle.
Tips
Whether it's because you're just not that into the person or because you simply don't enjoy that kind of physical contact, remember that you don't owe anyone a kiss. Don't feel like you have to accept a kiss just because it's polite or expected of you.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:37",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Being Frank and Direct\\n1-1. Say “No” if the person moves in for a kiss.\\nOne of the simplest ways to avoid an unwanted kiss is to simply say you don't want it. If someone leans in for a kiss, tell them to back off in clear and simple terms.\\nTry saying something like “No,” “Stop,” or “Please don't kiss me.”\\nYou might also say, \\\"I find you really attractive, but I'm just not ready for that yet.\\\"\\nDepending on who you're talking to—and how pushy they're being—you might try softening your approach a little. For example, if you're talking to your grandma, you could say in a gentle tone of voice, “Hey, Grandma, could you please not kiss me right now?”\\n1-2. Move away from the person trying to kiss you.\\nYour body language can also help get the message across. If you can see that the person is getting ready to kiss you, step or scoot away while also saying “No.” You can also put your hand up in front of your face in a “stop” gesture.\\nIf the other person is holding or hugging you, you might pull away or gently but firmly push them back.\\n1-3. Explain that you're not interested in kissing.\\nYou don't owe anyone an explanation for why you don't want a kiss, but it can be helpful to make your expectations clear. After refusing the kiss, tell them in a straightforward way that kisses aren't welcome.\\nFor example, you could say, “I don't like being kissed,” “I don't enjoy kissing in public,” or “I never kiss on the first date.”\\nIf you think you might be interested in kissing the person later on, you could say something like, “I'm not ready for kissing just yet.”\\nIf you don't want to hurt the person's feelings, you can try offering a gentler explanation. For example, “I'm flattered, but I'm just not in the mood right now.”\\n1-4. Be firm about enforcing your boundaries.\\nClearly stating that you don't want a kiss should be enough, but some people aren't good at taking the hint. Once you've told the other person what your boundaries are, stick to them. Let them know what the consequences will be if they don't respect your wishes.\\nFor example, you might say, “I told you I don't want you to kiss me. If you keep trying to do it, I'm going to leave.”\\nMake sure to follow through on your consequences. For example, if you tell the other person you're going to leave, get up and walk out immediately if they try to kiss you again.\\n1-5. Get help if you feel like you're in danger.\\nSome people can get hostile or aggressive when they feel rejected. If the other person threatens you or even if you just get a bad feeling about the situation, leave as soon as you can. If possible, let someone else know what's going on. Call emergency services as soon as it's safe to do so if you feel like you're in immediate danger.\\nFor example, if you're out on a date, you might excuse yourself to the restroom and then quietly leave the venue.\\nIf you're in a public area, such as a restaurant, try asking a staff member for help. They can call a cab for you or even notify the police if you feel really threatened.\\nIf you're a child or teen, tell a trusted adult, such as your parent, a teacher, or a school counselor, as soon as you can.\\n2. Using Tactful and Evasive Techniques\\n2-1. Make up an excuse to prevent the kiss.\\nIf you're worried about hurting someone's feelings or don't feel comfortable just saying “No,” try coming up with a polite excuse to discourage the kiss. For example, you might explain that you're sick and don't want them to catch anything from you.\\nTry saying something like, “You might not want to get too close—I'm fighting that nasty cold that's been going around.”\\n2-2. Try hugging or shaking hands before they can kiss you.\\nIf you suspect someone is going to swoop in for a kiss, you can sometimes divert it by making the first move. This works especially well in awkward greeting situations. Before they can get too close, stick out your hand for a handshake or pull them in for a quick hug.\\nIf you go for a hug, keep it short and light. Adding a pat on the back can also make it feel more friendly than intimate.\\n2-3. Create a distraction if you think they're going in for a kiss.\\nIf you think someone is about to kiss you, try quickly diverting their attention to something else. You could do this by pointing something out to them, bringing up a new topic of conversation, or making a request.\\nFor example, as they're leaning in, say something like, “Hey, I'm really thirsty, would you mind grabbing me a drink?” or “Wow, check out that waiter's amazing tattoo!”\\n2-4. Put some space between yourself and the kisser.\\nCreating a little physical distance is another way to subtly avoid a kiss. If you know the person is likely to try to kiss you, keep some space between you or find an excuse to quickly move away from them if they try to get close.\\nFor example, if they're dropping you off after a date, quickly hop out of the car and say goodnight from outside the car door. You could try saying something like, “I had a great time, but I'd better run. I have to get up early tomorrow.”\\nIf you're hanging out somewhere, try sitting across from them instead of next to them to create a little extra distance.\\n2-5. Turn your head to dodge the kiss at the last minute.\\nIf the other person is already going in for a kiss, look for a way to subtly dodge it. If they're going for your lips, try turning your head to the side so that the kiss lands on your cheek instead. If you think they're going to kiss your cheek, try putting your cheek against theirs and turning it into an air kiss.\\nIf you want to duck the kiss altogether, try pretending that you dropped something or that you saw something that startled you across the room. Say something like, “Oh, oops, let me pick that up!” or “Wait, is that Roger? What's he doing here?” and quickly duck or step to the side.\\n2-6. Avoid being alone with the person if they like you romantically.\\nSomeone who's interested in you romantically is less likely to make a move if you have a friend or relative with you. Try to avoid being in situations where you're with the person one-on-one. While this isn't always guaranteed to work, it might make a difference!\\nFor example, if they've invited you to hang out, have your best friend tag along or suggest a group activity.\\nYou can even try positioning a friend in between you and the potential kisser. For example, if you're going to a movie together, your friend can sit in the middle.\\nTips\\nWhether it's because you're just not that into the person or because you simply don't enjoy that kind of physical contact, remember that you don't owe anyone a kiss. Don't feel like you have to accept a kiss just because it's polite or expected of you.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Whether it's someone you're dating or an overly friendly relative or acquaintance, at some point you're likely to encounter someone who wants to give you an unwelcome kiss. If this happens, often the best way to deal with it is to be direct and just tell them “no.” If you're uncomfortable with that or don't want to hurt their feelings, you can also try more indirect approaches, like making an excuse or turning an incoming kiss into a hug or handshake. Remember, you should never have to accept a kiss from anyone if you don't want to!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Being Frank and Direct\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Say “No” if the person moves in for a kiss.\", \"描述\": \"One of the simplest ways to avoid an unwanted kiss is to simply say you don't want it. If someone leans in for a kiss, tell them to back off in clear and simple terms.\\nTry saying something like “No,” “Stop,” or “Please don't kiss me.”\\nYou might also say, \\\"I find you really attractive, but I'm just not ready for that yet.\\\"\\nDepending on who you're talking to—and how pushy they're being—you might try softening your approach a little. For example, if you're talking to your grandma, you could say in a gentle tone of voice, “Hey, Grandma, could you please not kiss me right now?”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Move away from the person trying to kiss you.\", \"描述\": \"Your body language can also help get the message across. If you can see that the person is getting ready to kiss you, step or scoot away while also saying “No.” You can also put your hand up in front of your face in a “stop” gesture.\\nIf the other person is holding or hugging you, you might pull away or gently but firmly push them back.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Explain that you're not interested in kissing.\", \"描述\": \"You don't owe anyone an explanation for why you don't want a kiss, but it can be helpful to make your expectations clear. After refusing the kiss, tell them in a straightforward way that kisses aren't welcome.\\nFor example, you could say, “I don't like being kissed,” “I don't enjoy kissing in public,” or “I never kiss on the first date.”\\nIf you think you might be interested in kissing the person later on, you could say something like, “I'm not ready for kissing just yet.”\\nIf you don't want to hurt the person's feelings, you can try offering a gentler explanation. For example, “I'm flattered, but I'm just not in the mood right now.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be firm about enforcing your boundaries.\", \"描述\": \"Clearly stating that you don't want a kiss should be enough, but some people aren't good at taking the hint. Once you've told the other person what your boundaries are, stick to them. Let them know what the consequences will be if they don't respect your wishes.\\nFor example, you might say, “I told you I don't want you to kiss me. If you keep trying to do it, I'm going to leave.”\\nMake sure to follow through on your consequences. For example, if you tell the other person you're going to leave, get up and walk out immediately if they try to kiss you again.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get help if you feel like you're in danger.\", \"描述\": \"Some people can get hostile or aggressive when they feel rejected. If the other person threatens you or even if you just get a bad feeling about the situation, leave as soon as you can. If possible, let someone else know what's going on. Call emergency services as soon as it's safe to do so if you feel like you're in immediate danger.\\nFor example, if you're out on a date, you might excuse yourself to the restroom and then quietly leave the venue.\\nIf you're in a public area, such as a restaurant, try asking a staff member for help. They can call a cab for you or even notify the police if you feel really threatened.\\nIf you're a child or teen, tell a trusted adult, such as your parent, a teacher, or a school counselor, as soon as you can.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Tactful and Evasive Techniques\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make up an excuse to prevent the kiss.\", \"描述\": \"If you're worried about hurting someone's feelings or don't feel comfortable just saying “No,” try coming up with a polite excuse to discourage the kiss. For example, you might explain that you're sick and don't want them to catch anything from you.\\nTry saying something like, “You might not want to get too close—I'm fighting that nasty cold that's been going around.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try hugging or shaking hands before they can kiss you.\", \"描述\": \"If you suspect someone is going to swoop in for a kiss, you can sometimes divert it by making the first move. This works especially well in awkward greeting situations. Before they can get too close, stick out your hand for a handshake or pull them in for a quick hug.\\nIf you go for a hug, keep it short and light. Adding a pat on the back can also make it feel more friendly than intimate.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Create a distraction if you think they're going in for a kiss.\", \"描述\": \"If you think someone is about to kiss you, try quickly diverting their attention to something else. You could do this by pointing something out to them, bringing up a new topic of conversation, or making a request.\\nFor example, as they're leaning in, say something like, “Hey, I'm really thirsty, would you mind grabbing me a drink?” or “Wow, check out that waiter's amazing tattoo!”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Put some space between yourself and the kisser.\", \"描述\": \"Creating a little physical distance is another way to subtly avoid a kiss. If you know the person is likely to try to kiss you, keep some space between you or find an excuse to quickly move away from them if they try to get close.\\nFor example, if they're dropping you off after a date, quickly hop out of the car and say goodnight from outside the car door. You could try saying something like, “I had a great time, but I'd better run. I have to get up early tomorrow.”\\nIf you're hanging out somewhere, try sitting across from them instead of next to them to create a little extra distance.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Turn your head to dodge the kiss at the last minute.\", \"描述\": \"If the other person is already going in for a kiss, look for a way to subtly dodge it. If they're going for your lips, try turning your head to the side so that the kiss lands on your cheek instead. If you think they're going to kiss your cheek, try putting your cheek against theirs and turning it into an air kiss.\\nIf you want to duck the kiss altogether, try pretending that you dropped something or that you saw something that startled you across the room. Say something like, “Oh, oops, let me pick that up!” or “Wait, is that Roger? What's he doing here?” and quickly duck or step to the side.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Avoid being alone with the person if they like you romantically.\", \"描述\": \"Someone who's interested in you romantically is less likely to make a move if you have a friend or relative with you. Try to avoid being in situations where you're with the person one-on-one. While this isn't always guaranteed to work, it might make a difference!\\nFor example, if they've invited you to hang out, have your best friend tag along or suggest a group activity.\\nYou can even try positioning a friend in between you and the potential kisser. For example, if you're going to a movie together, your friend can sit in the middle.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Whether it's because you're just not that into the person or because you simply don't enjoy that kind of physical contact, remember that you don't owe anyone a kiss. Don't feel like you have to accept a kiss just because it's polite or expected of you.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,262 | How to Avoid a Moose or Deer Collision | 1. Avoiding a Collision
1-1. Heed the warning signs.
Collisions occur most often in prime moose or deer habitats such as forested areas and waterways. If you see a deer or moose crossing sign, be extra alert and slow down. Moose and deer cross roads for a wide variety of reasons and at different times of the year. Often they want to get to another part of their habitat. Rutting season and hunting season also cause them to move. Stay alert.
1-2. Drive at a safe speed.
Do not speed when you are driving through moose or deer country. You'll still arrive if you go more slowly and you'll have more time to avoid an animal if you spot it. Wildlife experts have recommended 90 kph/55 mph as a suitable speed for wildlife zones in good weather conditions, as it provides you with some reaction time to stop. Here are the things that suffer when you travel at too great a speed:
You can't stop quickly enough to avoid a collision.
The impact of a car/truck is far greater the faster you travel.
Your ability to take evasive action is massively reduced and you're more likely to resort to swerving instead of braking and gently responding.
1-3. Drive defensively.
Be prepared to take evasive action, which includes being able to quickly slow down, brake suddenly or turn down blinding headlights. Drive so that you are able to stop within the space of your headlights; practice this in a safe area if you don't know how fast this is for your vehicle. Make sure your seat belt is on and check that all passengers are wearing theirs as well. A sudden lurch could have people catapulting from the car.
1-4. Observe your surroundings.
Actively scan the sides of the roads as you drive for any signs of wildlife. If you have passengers, get them involved but ask them not to shout out as this is very startling and can cause the driver to react incorrectly. Ask them to calmly tell you that they see moose or deer lurking about. Look on the road sides, the shoulders, down into ditches (they love the grass there), median strips, intersecting roads, on the road itself and try to spot any signs of movement, flashes of eyes or body shapes.
Watch both sides of the road; there is some evidence that drivers tend to watch the side of the road next to the passenger seat more than their own side, making a false assumption that only one side is a problem. Scan both sides!
Drivers are responsible for scanning the area ahead of them as if they are a catcher on a baseball field scanning the left and right field.
When driving at night, it is necessary to look for things that could dart into the road, such as animals, children, or cars reversing from driveways.
So scanning from the proximity of the left mirror across to the right mirror and back again is an important part of previewing the road and making sure that you are aware of obstacles that could jump out.
1-5. Be especially wary at sunset and sunrise.
Deer and moose seem to move most in the hours around sunset to midnight and again around dawn. These are also the hardest times for our eyes to adjust to the light because it's neither completely dark nor properly light, so we find it more difficult to see well. If you don't feel alert or can't see properly at these times, save your trip for another time.
Be on the lookout -- if you see one deer or moose, there are likely to be more deer or moose nearby, even if you don't see them. If you see one creature, it's more likely that you'll run into more.
1-6. Drive carefully at night.
Use your high beams where possible and when there are no oncoming cars that you can startle with them; they will illuminate more of the area that you are traveling through. Here are some other precautions to take when you're driving in the dark:
Move into the centre lane if you are traveling in a 3 lane road, or centre the car as much as possible if it is a 2 lane road.
Make sure your windshield is clear and is not reflecting grime, preventing you from seeing clearly.
Drive below the speed limit, which has fuel economy benefits as well as safety benefits.
Scan the sides of the road for animals' reflective eyes, often visible at a great distance at night. Sometimes this is the only visible part of the animal until it is directly in your path.
1-7. Slow down when other cars are behaving differently.
If you see flashing lights (hazard or headlights), hear tooting horns or see people waving madly about, slow down and be ready to stop! Of course, if a car stops suddenly ahead of you, you should also stop or at least slow right down. In these situations, the other cars may well have stopped because animals are already crossing the road ahead of you.
1-8. Be alert -- even when you're approaching a town or a city.
You've just driven into the outskirts of town, so everything is safe now, right? Wrong! Moose and deer wander into towns and city outskirts in search of food. They could be munching away on the median strip or bolting from someone's front garden. Still drive carefully. When you do come across a deer or a moose, don't expect them to react rationally.
Blasting horns, flashing lights, and a swerving metal machine are likely to terrify the animal witlessly and it will more than likely dart into your way rather than out of it. Bucks have been known to charge a stopped or moving cars of any size.
1-9. Know when not to swerve.
If you suddenly have a deer before your car, brake firmly. Do not swerve and leave your lane; many accidents are not due to colliding with the deer but are the result of driving into another car or truck in the opposite lane while trying to avoid the animal. The best thing to do is drive defensively in the first place and go slowly enough that you won't collide with a moose and can brake in time.
1-10. Honk your horn at the deer or moose in short bursts.
Only do this if the deer is far enough ahead and there are no cars around that can be disoriented by the honking. This may scare the deer away, but there's no guarantee that it will make the deer run off the road. If you're quite close to the deer, you may want to avoid honking at it, because the deer may get confused and come closer to you.
2. What to Do During a Collision
2-1. Diminish the impact if it is inevitable.
If an accident with a deer or moose is inevitable, here are some suggestions for lessening the impact:
Try to move to where the animal came from. This may take you away from it and the animal is more likely to keep moving forward rather than backtracking. This will only work if there is one animal. This will not work for deer.
Shift your line of eyesight to that spot as well - don't look at the animal or you'll steer that way.
Try to skim rather than fully impact the animal. Brake firmly, angle the car/truck and take your foot off the brake as you impact. The release of the brake will cause a slight lift of the vehicle and this may be enough to stop the animal from rising into your windshield if your vehicle is tall enough.
If you're heading into a collision with a moose, lean toward the door pillar. In the Mythbusters where they tested this, the center of the car was completely crushed in every impact but the triangle by the door pillar was intact in each accident. No guarantees are offered; you are far better off avoiding the collision.
2-2. Take care after a collision with a deer or moose.
There are some important steps to take after assessing if everyone is relatively unharmed:
Pull over if possible. Put your hazard lights on and if you can, put the headlights onto the animal or as close as possible.
Check passengers for injuries and treat accordingly. Even if there are no injuries, shock will probably occur fairly quickly. Try to reassure one another and if it is cold, put on warmer clothing immediately as shock or fear increases the inability to ward off cold. If it is winter, stay in the car for warmth.
Avoid going near the animal; it may kick or gore you from fear and pain. If it blocks the road, use your hazard lights and headlights and keep your car stationary. Only attempt to move the animal if you are 100% certain that it is dead.
Use road flares or triangles if you have them.
Call the police immediately or flag down help. Remember that most insurance companies won't pay for the damages you suffer from hitting a deer or a moose if you don't file a police report.
Tips
Watch for water intersecting with the road - creeks, swamps, and wetlands are moose and deer attractants. The road is an easy pathway out of these waterways for an animal, so there is a higher possibility that they may be around them.
One deer means more deer. Deer travel in herds and if you see one, slow right down as there will be many more. Moose are less gregarious, so one moose may simply mean one moose but it is still suggestive that more moose are in the area. And cows are frequently with a calf.
Use the headlights of other cars to help you scan for deer or moose. Watch for moving shadows within the beams of the other cars for signs of deer or moose.
Warnings
Fences along the roads are not an assurance of safety. Deer or moose can walk around them, through them or over them. Don't rely on them; for peace of mind, drive carefully instead.
Don't switch on the vehicle's internal lights. This causes glare on the inside of the windshield which could reduce visibility and make the animals harder to see.
Don't honk at a moose if there is one on the side of the road as you do with deer. The moose is an aggressive animal and might try to charge your car, which will harm you and the car but not the moose if it was charging with antlers forward. Instead, drive along without changing speed past the moose.
Deer whistles are somewhat of a gimmick; do not expect them to work.
Also, moose are dark coloured, increasing the difficulty of seeing them at night. Always drive with caution if you believe there are any moose nearby.
The eyes of a moose do reflect light like those of a deer. The problem is that since moose are so tall, their eyes are often above the beams of most passenger vehicles, making it less likely that they will reflect head lights, which can make them especially hard to see at night.
Do not drive if you are sleepy or you have had alcohol. Being sober is not only a prerequisite for driving safely, it is also essential for avoiding collisions with animals.
If you swerve away from a deer or moose in the road and hit something else, like a safety rail or tree, your automobile insurance may charge you for an at-fault accident and make you pay your collision deductible. If you hit the animal you will pay your comprehensive deductible, which is often lower than your collision deductible.
A moose has been known to kill even a wild bear to protect her young. Deer have wounded or even killed a person to protect her calves. Even if you mean no harm to the calves the moose or deer will not perceive it that way.
These tips will NOT work on other hoofed quadrupeds such as horses or reindeer and can only be used safely on deer or moose.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:37",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Avoiding a Collision\\n1-1. Heed the warning signs.\\nCollisions occur most often in prime moose or deer habitats such as forested areas and waterways. If you see a deer or moose crossing sign, be extra alert and slow down. Moose and deer cross roads for a wide variety of reasons and at different times of the year. Often they want to get to another part of their habitat. Rutting season and hunting season also cause them to move. Stay alert.\\n1-2. Drive at a safe speed.\\nDo not speed when you are driving through moose or deer country. You'll still arrive if you go more slowly and you'll have more time to avoid an animal if you spot it. Wildlife experts have recommended 90 kph/55 mph as a suitable speed for wildlife zones in good weather conditions, as it provides you with some reaction time to stop. Here are the things that suffer when you travel at too great a speed:\\nYou can't stop quickly enough to avoid a collision.\\nThe impact of a car/truck is far greater the faster you travel.\\nYour ability to take evasive action is massively reduced and you're more likely to resort to swerving instead of braking and gently responding.\\n1-3. Drive defensively.\\nBe prepared to take evasive action, which includes being able to quickly slow down, brake suddenly or turn down blinding headlights. Drive so that you are able to stop within the space of your headlights; practice this in a safe area if you don't know how fast this is for your vehicle. Make sure your seat belt is on and check that all passengers are wearing theirs as well. A sudden lurch could have people catapulting from the car.\\n1-4. Observe your surroundings.\\nActively scan the sides of the roads as you drive for any signs of wildlife. If you have passengers, get them involved but ask them not to shout out as this is very startling and can cause the driver to react incorrectly. Ask them to calmly tell you that they see moose or deer lurking about. Look on the road sides, the shoulders, down into ditches (they love the grass there), median strips, intersecting roads, on the road itself and try to spot any signs of movement, flashes of eyes or body shapes.\\nWatch both sides of the road; there is some evidence that drivers tend to watch the side of the road next to the passenger seat more than their own side, making a false assumption that only one side is a problem. Scan both sides!\\nDrivers are responsible for scanning the area ahead of them as if they are a catcher on a baseball field scanning the left and right field.\\nWhen driving at night, it is necessary to look for things that could dart into the road, such as animals, children, or cars reversing from driveways.\\nSo scanning from the proximity of the left mirror across to the right mirror and back again is an important part of previewing the road and making sure that you are aware of obstacles that could jump out.\\n1-5. Be especially wary at sunset and sunrise.\\nDeer and moose seem to move most in the hours around sunset to midnight and again around dawn. These are also the hardest times for our eyes to adjust to the light because it's neither completely dark nor properly light, so we find it more difficult to see well. If you don't feel alert or can't see properly at these times, save your trip for another time.\\nBe on the lookout -- if you see one deer or moose, there are likely to be more deer or moose nearby, even if you don't see them. If you see one creature, it's more likely that you'll run into more.\\n1-6. Drive carefully at night.\\nUse your high beams where possible and when there are no oncoming cars that you can startle with them; they will illuminate more of the area that you are traveling through. Here are some other precautions to take when you're driving in the dark:\\nMove into the centre lane if you are traveling in a 3 lane road, or centre the car as much as possible if it is a 2 lane road.\\nMake sure your windshield is clear and is not reflecting grime, preventing you from seeing clearly.\\nDrive below the speed limit, which has fuel economy benefits as well as safety benefits.\\nScan the sides of the road for animals' reflective eyes, often visible at a great distance at night. Sometimes this is the only visible part of the animal until it is directly in your path.\\n1-7. Slow down when other cars are behaving differently.\\nIf you see flashing lights (hazard or headlights), hear tooting horns or see people waving madly about, slow down and be ready to stop! Of course, if a car stops suddenly ahead of you, you should also stop or at least slow right down. In these situations, the other cars may well have stopped because animals are already crossing the road ahead of you.\\n1-8. Be alert -- even when you're approaching a town or a city.\\nYou've just driven into the outskirts of town, so everything is safe now, right? Wrong! Moose and deer wander into towns and city outskirts in search of food. They could be munching away on the median strip or bolting from someone's front garden. Still drive carefully. When you do come across a deer or a moose, don't expect them to react rationally.\\nBlasting horns, flashing lights, and a swerving metal machine are likely to terrify the animal witlessly and it will more than likely dart into your way rather than out of it. Bucks have been known to charge a stopped or moving cars of any size.\\n1-9. Know when not to swerve.\\nIf you suddenly have a deer before your car, brake firmly. Do not swerve and leave your lane; many accidents are not due to colliding with the deer but are the result of driving into another car or truck in the opposite lane while trying to avoid the animal. The best thing to do is drive defensively in the first place and go slowly enough that you won't collide with a moose and can brake in time.\\n1-10. Honk your horn at the deer or moose in short bursts.\\nOnly do this if the deer is far enough ahead and there are no cars around that can be disoriented by the honking. This may scare the deer away, but there's no guarantee that it will make the deer run off the road. If you're quite close to the deer, you may want to avoid honking at it, because the deer may get confused and come closer to you.\\n2. What to Do During a Collision\\n2-1. Diminish the impact if it is inevitable.\\nIf an accident with a deer or moose is inevitable, here are some suggestions for lessening the impact:\\nTry to move to where the animal came from. This may take you away from it and the animal is more likely to keep moving forward rather than backtracking. This will only work if there is one animal. This will not work for deer.\\nShift your line of eyesight to that spot as well - don't look at the animal or you'll steer that way.\\nTry to skim rather than fully impact the animal. Brake firmly, angle the car/truck and take your foot off the brake as you impact. The release of the brake will cause a slight lift of the vehicle and this may be enough to stop the animal from rising into your windshield if your vehicle is tall enough.\\nIf you're heading into a collision with a moose, lean toward the door pillar. In the Mythbusters where they tested this, the center of the car was completely crushed in every impact but the triangle by the door pillar was intact in each accident. No guarantees are offered; you are far better off avoiding the collision.\\n2-2. Take care after a collision with a deer or moose.\\nThere are some important steps to take after assessing if everyone is relatively unharmed:\\nPull over if possible. Put your hazard lights on and if you can, put the headlights onto the animal or as close as possible.\\nCheck passengers for injuries and treat accordingly. Even if there are no injuries, shock will probably occur fairly quickly. Try to reassure one another and if it is cold, put on warmer clothing immediately as shock or fear increases the inability to ward off cold. If it is winter, stay in the car for warmth.\\nAvoid going near the animal; it may kick or gore you from fear and pain. If it blocks the road, use your hazard lights and headlights and keep your car stationary. Only attempt to move the animal if you are 100% certain that it is dead.\\nUse road flares or triangles if you have them.\\nCall the police immediately or flag down help. Remember that most insurance companies won't pay for the damages you suffer from hitting a deer or a moose if you don't file a police report.\\nTips\\nWatch for water intersecting with the road - creeks, swamps, and wetlands are moose and deer attractants. The road is an easy pathway out of these waterways for an animal, so there is a higher possibility that they may be around them.\\nOne deer means more deer. Deer travel in herds and if you see one, slow right down as there will be many more. Moose are less gregarious, so one moose may simply mean one moose but it is still suggestive that more moose are in the area. And cows are frequently with a calf.\\nUse the headlights of other cars to help you scan for deer or moose. Watch for moving shadows within the beams of the other cars for signs of deer or moose.\\nWarnings\\nFences along the roads are not an assurance of safety. Deer or moose can walk around them, through them or over them. Don't rely on them; for peace of mind, drive carefully instead.\\nDon't switch on the vehicle's internal lights. This causes glare on the inside of the windshield which could reduce visibility and make the animals harder to see.\\nDon't honk at a moose if there is one on the side of the road as you do with deer. The moose is an aggressive animal and might try to charge your car, which will harm you and the car but not the moose if it was charging with antlers forward. Instead, drive along without changing speed past the moose.\\nDeer whistles are somewhat of a gimmick; do not expect them to work.\\nAlso, moose are dark coloured, increasing the difficulty of seeing them at night. Always drive with caution if you believe there are any moose nearby.\\nThe eyes of a moose do reflect light like those of a deer. The problem is that since moose are so tall, their eyes are often above the beams of most passenger vehicles, making it less likely that they will reflect head lights, which can make them especially hard to see at night.\\nDo not drive if you are sleepy or you have had alcohol. Being sober is not only a prerequisite for driving safely, it is also essential for avoiding collisions with animals.\\nIf you swerve away from a deer or moose in the road and hit something else, like a safety rail or tree, your automobile insurance may charge you for an at-fault accident and make you pay your collision deductible. If you hit the animal you will pay your comprehensive deductible, which is often lower than your collision deductible.\\nA moose has been known to kill even a wild bear to protect her young. Deer have wounded or even killed a person to protect her calves. Even if you mean no harm to the calves the moose or deer will not perceive it that way.\\nThese tips will NOT work on other hoofed quadrupeds such as horses or reindeer and can only be used safely on deer or moose.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Every year, moose and deer collisions are the cause of hundreds of thousands of car accidents along North American and Northern European roads. Colliding with these animals, particularly moose, is potentially fatal for passengers and is likely to cause significant damage to your car -- and to the animals. If you want to avoid a moose or deer collision, you have to be alert and know what to do if you come head-to-head with one. Here's how to do it.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoiding a Collision\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Heed the warning signs.\", \"描述\": \"Collisions occur most often in prime moose or deer habitats such as forested areas and waterways. If you see a deer or moose crossing sign, be extra alert and slow down. Moose and deer cross roads for a wide variety of reasons and at different times of the year. Often they want to get to another part of their habitat. Rutting season and hunting season also cause them to move. Stay alert.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Drive at a safe speed.\", \"描述\": \"Do not speed when you are driving through moose or deer country. You'll still arrive if you go more slowly and you'll have more time to avoid an animal if you spot it. Wildlife experts have recommended 90 kph/55 mph as a suitable speed for wildlife zones in good weather conditions, as it provides you with some reaction time to stop. Here are the things that suffer when you travel at too great a speed:\\nYou can't stop quickly enough to avoid a collision.\\nThe impact of a car/truck is far greater the faster you travel.\\nYour ability to take evasive action is massively reduced and you're more likely to resort to swerving instead of braking and gently responding.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Drive defensively.\", \"描述\": \"Be prepared to take evasive action, which includes being able to quickly slow down, brake suddenly or turn down blinding headlights. Drive so that you are able to stop within the space of your headlights; practice this in a safe area if you don't know how fast this is for your vehicle. Make sure your seat belt is on and check that all passengers are wearing theirs as well. A sudden lurch could have people catapulting from the car.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Observe your surroundings.\", \"描述\": \"Actively scan the sides of the roads as you drive for any signs of wildlife. If you have passengers, get them involved but ask them not to shout out as this is very startling and can cause the driver to react incorrectly. Ask them to calmly tell you that they see moose or deer lurking about. Look on the road sides, the shoulders, down into ditches (they love the grass there), median strips, intersecting roads, on the road itself and try to spot any signs of movement, flashes of eyes or body shapes.\\nWatch both sides of the road; there is some evidence that drivers tend to watch the side of the road next to the passenger seat more than their own side, making a false assumption that only one side is a problem. Scan both sides!\\nDrivers are responsible for scanning the area ahead of them as if they are a catcher on a baseball field scanning the left and right field.\\nWhen driving at night, it is necessary to look for things that could dart into the road, such as animals, children, or cars reversing from driveways.\\nSo scanning from the proximity of the left mirror across to the right mirror and back again is an important part of previewing the road and making sure that you are aware of obstacles that could jump out.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be especially wary at sunset and sunrise.\", \"描述\": \"Deer and moose seem to move most in the hours around sunset to midnight and again around dawn. These are also the hardest times for our eyes to adjust to the light because it's neither completely dark nor properly light, so we find it more difficult to see well. If you don't feel alert or can't see properly at these times, save your trip for another time.\\nBe on the lookout -- if you see one deer or moose, there are likely to be more deer or moose nearby, even if you don't see them. If you see one creature, it's more likely that you'll run into more.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Drive carefully at night.\", \"描述\": \"Use your high beams where possible and when there are no oncoming cars that you can startle with them; they will illuminate more of the area that you are traveling through. Here are some other precautions to take when you're driving in the dark:\\nMove into the centre lane if you are traveling in a 3 lane road, or centre the car as much as possible if it is a 2 lane road.\\nMake sure your windshield is clear and is not reflecting grime, preventing you from seeing clearly.\\nDrive below the speed limit, which has fuel economy benefits as well as safety benefits.\\nScan the sides of the road for animals' reflective eyes, often visible at a great distance at night. Sometimes this is the only visible part of the animal until it is directly in your path.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Slow down when other cars are behaving differently.\", \"描述\": \"If you see flashing lights (hazard or headlights), hear tooting horns or see people waving madly about, slow down and be ready to stop! Of course, if a car stops suddenly ahead of you, you should also stop or at least slow right down. In these situations, the other cars may well have stopped because animals are already crossing the road ahead of you.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Be alert -- even when you're approaching a town or a city.\", \"描述\": \"You've just driven into the outskirts of town, so everything is safe now, right? Wrong! Moose and deer wander into towns and city outskirts in search of food. They could be munching away on the median strip or bolting from someone's front garden. Still drive carefully. When you do come across a deer or a moose, don't expect them to react rationally.\\nBlasting horns, flashing lights, and a swerving metal machine are likely to terrify the animal witlessly and it will more than likely dart into your way rather than out of it. Bucks have been known to charge a stopped or moving cars of any size.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Know when not to swerve.\", \"描述\": \"If you suddenly have a deer before your car, brake firmly. Do not swerve and leave your lane; many accidents are not due to colliding with the deer but are the result of driving into another car or truck in the opposite lane while trying to avoid the animal. The best thing to do is drive defensively in the first place and go slowly enough that you won't collide with a moose and can brake in time.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Honk your horn at the deer or moose in short bursts.\", \"描述\": \"Only do this if the deer is far enough ahead and there are no cars around that can be disoriented by the honking. This may scare the deer away, but there's no guarantee that it will make the deer run off the road. If you're quite close to the deer, you may want to avoid honking at it, because the deer may get confused and come closer to you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"What to Do During a Collision\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Diminish the impact if it is inevitable.\", \"描述\": \"If an accident with a deer or moose is inevitable, here are some suggestions for lessening the impact:\\nTry to move to where the animal came from. This may take you away from it and the animal is more likely to keep moving forward rather than backtracking. This will only work if there is one animal. This will not work for deer.\\nShift your line of eyesight to that spot as well - don't look at the animal or you'll steer that way.\\nTry to skim rather than fully impact the animal. Brake firmly, angle the car/truck and take your foot off the brake as you impact. The release of the brake will cause a slight lift of the vehicle and this may be enough to stop the animal from rising into your windshield if your vehicle is tall enough.\\nIf you're heading into a collision with a moose, lean toward the door pillar. In the Mythbusters where they tested this, the center of the car was completely crushed in every impact but the triangle by the door pillar was intact in each accident. No guarantees are offered; you are far better off avoiding the collision.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take care after a collision with a deer or moose.\", \"描述\": \"There are some important steps to take after assessing if everyone is relatively unharmed:\\nPull over if possible. Put your hazard lights on and if you can, put the headlights onto the animal or as close as possible.\\nCheck passengers for injuries and treat accordingly. Even if there are no injuries, shock will probably occur fairly quickly. Try to reassure one another and if it is cold, put on warmer clothing immediately as shock or fear increases the inability to ward off cold. If it is winter, stay in the car for warmth.\\nAvoid going near the animal; it may kick or gore you from fear and pain. If it blocks the road, use your hazard lights and headlights and keep your car stationary. Only attempt to move the animal if you are 100% certain that it is dead.\\nUse road flares or triangles if you have them.\\nCall the police immediately or flag down help. Remember that most insurance companies won't pay for the damages you suffer from hitting a deer or a moose if you don't file a police report.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Watch for water intersecting with the road - creeks, swamps, and wetlands are moose and deer attractants. The road is an easy pathway out of these waterways for an animal, so there is a higher possibility that they may be around them.\\n\", \"One deer means more deer. Deer travel in herds and if you see one, slow right down as there will be many more. Moose are less gregarious, so one moose may simply mean one moose but it is still suggestive that more moose are in the area. And cows are frequently with a calf.\\n\", \"Use the headlights of other cars to help you scan for deer or moose. Watch for moving shadows within the beams of the other cars for signs of deer or moose.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Fences along the roads are not an assurance of safety. Deer or moose can walk around them, through them or over them. Don't rely on them; for peace of mind, drive carefully instead.\\n\", \"Don't switch on the vehicle's internal lights. This causes glare on the inside of the windshield which could reduce visibility and make the animals harder to see.\\n\", \"Don't honk at a moose if there is one on the side of the road as you do with deer. The moose is an aggressive animal and might try to charge your car, which will harm you and the car but not the moose if it was charging with antlers forward. Instead, drive along without changing speed past the moose.\\n\", \"Deer whistles are somewhat of a gimmick; do not expect them to work.\\n\", \"Also, moose are dark coloured, increasing the difficulty of seeing them at night. Always drive with caution if you believe there are any moose nearby.\\n\", \"The eyes of a moose do reflect light like those of a deer. The problem is that since moose are so tall, their eyes are often above the beams of most passenger vehicles, making it less likely that they will reflect head lights, which can make them especially hard to see at night.\\n\", \"Do not drive if you are sleepy or you have had alcohol. Being sober is not only a prerequisite for driving safely, it is also essential for avoiding collisions with animals.\\n\", \"If you swerve away from a deer or moose in the road and hit something else, like a safety rail or tree, your automobile insurance may charge you for an at-fault accident and make you pay your collision deductible. If you hit the animal you will pay your comprehensive deductible, which is often lower than your collision deductible.\\n\", \"A moose has been known to kill even a wild bear to protect her young. Deer have wounded or even killed a person to protect her calves. Even if you mean no harm to the calves the moose or deer will not perceive it that way.\\n\", \"These tips will NOT work on other hoofed quadrupeds such as horses or reindeer and can only be used safely on deer or moose.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,263 | How to Avoid a PayPal Limitation | 1. Use unique information.
Avoid using information that is similar to someone you know.
Using the same personal info as your friends, family or another user can cause PayPal to limit your account.
2. Use a payment method that matches your identity.
Your sign-up information should match your banking info.
Verify your account using a credit or prepaid card and bank account that matches the information that you signed up under.
3. Connect to PayPal directly.
Avoid using proxies, Tor browser, IPs from another country, or public Wi-Fi areas to sign into the account.
If you must use a VPN (Virtual Private Network), use a dedicated VPN source.
4. Keep your buyers happy.
Avoid having charge backs and disputes from your buyers.
This will trigger a limitation if you have too many of them.
5. Wait before transferring funds to other users.
Do not transfer funds immediately to bank or to another PayPal user when first receiving the funds.
PayPal might think the transaction is fraud.
6. Don't change your account information too much.
Avoid frequently changing information on the account such as bank accounts or credit cards.
Keep the same accounts connected to PayPal when possible.
7. Don't use E-trade as your bank.
Use any bank that isn't E-trade.
E-trade has been known to cause limitations.
Tips
Do not withdraw all the money at once, do small withdraws over a period of time.
Wait a couple of days before sending money or withdrawing when receiving it.
Use a different IP if you have more than one account.
Warnings
If choosing VPN or VPS, VPS would be safest of the two to use.
Be weary of phishing emails coming from PayPal claiming your account is limited. These are fake emails and should be avoided at all cost.
If you can't get another IP address, you can use Virtual Private Networks (VPN) or Virtual Private Server (VPS)
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:38",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Use unique information.\\nAvoid using information that is similar to someone you know.\\nUsing the same personal info as your friends, family or another user can cause PayPal to limit your account.\\n2. Use a payment method that matches your identity.\\nYour sign-up information should match your banking info.\\nVerify your account using a credit or prepaid card and bank account that matches the information that you signed up under.\\n3. Connect to PayPal directly.\\nAvoid using proxies, Tor browser, IPs from another country, or public Wi-Fi areas to sign into the account.\\nIf you must use a VPN (Virtual Private Network), use a dedicated VPN source.\\n4. Keep your buyers happy.\\nAvoid having charge backs and disputes from your buyers.\\nThis will trigger a limitation if you have too many of them.\\n5. Wait before transferring funds to other users.\\nDo not transfer funds immediately to bank or to another PayPal user when first receiving the funds.\\nPayPal might think the transaction is fraud.\\n6. Don't change your account information too much.\\nAvoid frequently changing information on the account such as bank accounts or credit cards.\\nKeep the same accounts connected to PayPal when possible.\\n7. Don't use E-trade as your bank.\\nUse any bank that isn't E-trade.\\nE-trade has been known to cause limitations.\\nTips\\nDo not withdraw all the money at once, do small withdraws over a period of time.\\nWait a couple of days before sending money or withdrawing when receiving it.\\nUse a different IP if you have more than one account.\\nWarnings\\nIf choosing VPN or VPS, VPS would be safest of the two to use.\\nBe weary of phishing emails coming from PayPal claiming your account is limited. These are fake emails and should be avoided at all cost.\\nIf you can't get another IP address, you can use Virtual Private Networks (VPN) or Virtual Private Server (VPS)\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"PayPal limits accounts for various reasons and certain activity based on the user. Many users do not know what causes them, here are various steps to avoid triggering a limitation.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use unique information.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid using information that is similar to someone you know.\", \"描述\": \"Using the same personal info as your friends, family or another user can cause PayPal to limit your account.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use a payment method that matches your identity.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Your sign-up information should match your banking info.\", \"描述\": \"Verify your account using a credit or prepaid card and bank account that matches the information that you signed up under.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Connect to PayPal directly.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid using proxies, Tor browser, IPs from another country, or public Wi-Fi areas to sign into the account.\", \"描述\": \"If you must use a VPN (Virtual Private Network), use a dedicated VPN source.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Keep your buyers happy.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid having charge backs and disputes from your buyers.\", \"描述\": \"This will trigger a limitation if you have too many of them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Wait before transferring funds to other users.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do not transfer funds immediately to bank or to another PayPal user when first receiving the funds.\", \"描述\": \"PayPal might think the transaction is fraud.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Don't change your account information too much.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid frequently changing information on the account such as bank accounts or credit cards.\", \"描述\": \"Keep the same accounts connected to PayPal when possible.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Don't use E-trade as your bank.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use any bank that isn't E-trade.\", \"描述\": \"E-trade has been known to cause limitations.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Do not withdraw all the money at once, do small withdraws over a period of time.\\n\", \"Wait a couple of days before sending money or withdrawing when receiving it.\\n\", \"Use a different IP if you have more than one account.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If choosing VPN or VPS, VPS would be safest of the two to use.\\n\", \"Be weary of phishing emails coming from PayPal claiming your account is limited. These are fake emails and should be avoided at all cost.\\n\", \"If you can't get another IP address, you can use Virtual Private Networks (VPN) or Virtual Private Server (VPS)\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,264 | How to Avoid a Rattlesnake Attack | 1. Identify rattlesnakes in the wild.
Keep your distance when you’re looking at the snake.
Is it a rattlesnake or a different kind of snake? To be safe, if you don't know, don't hang about to find out and if you cannot see without getting closer, don't even consider edging in any closer. But if you are aware of what the snake looks like, it might be helpful for some reasons, the main one being to know what to do if it does bite you or someone in your group. From a safe distance, look for:
A flat, triangular-shaped head (although this may not be adequate to mark it) — broader at the base of the head than at the front.
Heavy-bodied
Openings between the nostrils and eyes — these are the heat-sensing pits
Hooded eyes and elliptical pupils — these may not be readily apparent and you'll have to be fairly close to see this.
Coloration — generally tan and brown patchwork; the Mohave rattlesnake is green, however, and has light bands at its tail end. If you can see these bands with the naked eye, you are probably too close.
A rattle at the end of its tail (made of modified scales). Young rattlesnakes often have only a few parts of the rattler formed — be wary of this as the bites of newborns are still venomous. Rattles may also be broken off, malformed or silent. Do not rely on the rattler as the only form of identification. Listen to the rattler sound courtesy of the San Diego zoo: Rattlesnake Sound Byte.
2. Stay on high alert in the wilderness.
If you’re hiking, climbing, or camping, keep an eye out.
Be aware of when and where you are most likely to encounter a rattlesnake. You are most likely to encounter rattlesnakes when you’re engaging in some kind of outdoor activity.
Most rattlesnakes prefer hot environments, with some preferring desert climates but others, such as the Eastern Diamondback, prefer a moist climate. The majority live in the southern United States and Mexico, although some are found in Canada's Badlands desert region in Alberta and British Columbia around Hedley, Keremeos, and Osoyoos.
Rattlesnakes like summer evenings the best, just as the sun is going down and when it has gone — they are most active nocturnally in the summertime. This just happens to coincide with the frailty of human eyesight kicking in as the sun goes down, so take care. Use a flashlight when walking about and wear good footwear.
Rattlesnakes like warm days, period. Be it any season of the year, even winter, a rattlesnake can venture out in search of the warmth — suitable air temperature for rattlesnakes is around 70° and 90°F (21° to 32°C).
Most rattlesnakes are not generally sitting about in the open — if they are in the open, they are moving through it much of the time. Rattlesnakes want to avoid contact with predators who can easily spot them in the open, including humans and large animals. As such, you will most likely encounter rattlesnakes around rocks, shrub and brush, or wherever there are nooks for them to hide among. However, on sunny days, you might find rattlesnakes warming themselves on warm rocks or asphalt.
3. Wear snake-proof clothing.
Long sleeves and thick boots can help protect you.
When in rattlesnake country, do not be blasé about clothing — the majority of bites occur on the hands, feet and ankles. So, apart from not sticking your hands where they shouldn't be, clothing becomes an important protection ally:
Toss the sandals — this is time for good quality, thick hiking boots, and decent socks. Over the ankle boots are best, as ankle bites are common. Do not wear sandals, open-toed shoes or bare feet when walking in the desert. There are more things than rattlesnakes awaiting your foolhardiness if you do.
Wear long, loose-fitting pants.
Use gaiters, if possible, especially if you choose not to wear long pants.
4. Behave reasonably outdoors.
How you carry yourself is a big part of how at-risk you are.
Don’t wander off paths and stick your hands where they don’t belong when you’re hiking, climbing, walking. When in rattlesnake territory, think like a rattlesnake to keep your mind on how they might behave so that you can behave accordingly:
Always hike with at least one buddy. If you are alone and bitten, you will be in dire trouble. Carry a cell phone that works and alert family or friends of your intended hiking course and duration.
Stay out of the way. The easiest way to avoid rattlesnakes is to keep out of their way. Keep alert as you hike, walk, and climb. Stick to well-used trails and do not wander off into tall grass, underbrush and weeds where rattlesnakes may be hiding.
Do not stick your hands in the wrong places. Don't stick your hands down holes, under rocks and ledges or even into brush when you are walking around. These are key hiding places for rattlesnakes. When hiking, it is best to carry a sturdy staff, or at least a long, sturdy and light stick, to help prevent using your hands in areas where snakes may hide.
Don't sit down on tree stumps or logs without first checking inside. You might just be sitting on a rattlesnake....
Step on and not over. When you need to cross logs and rocks, it is sensible to step on the objects rather than straight over them. This way, you can spot a rattlesnake that may be sheltering under it and can take evasive action quickly.
Look before you leap. Take care where you land your feet. A foot coming straight down next to, or on top of a snake is asking for a bite. Snakes rely on vibration to hear and while they can sense you coming if you have stomped about loudly enough, they cannot deal with removing themselves fast enough if you blaze up a trail quickly and provide little warning of your approach.
When walking, carry a stick, and whack bushes and undergrowth a bit before you walk on/near them, and snakes will get away. They'll go under bushes or thick grass immediately, so don't put your feet in/on those places! If you must step on those hiding places, probe them a bit first with your stick, so the snake has a chance to get away.
Move out of the way. If you do walk into the range of a rattlesnake, calmly back off as quickly and quietly as you can.
Take care around water. Rattlesnakes can swim. Anything resembling a long stick might be a rattlesnake.
5. Do not provoke a rattlesnake.
If you come across a rattlesnake, don’t mess with it.
Angering a snake will result in one response — you become its target. Remember — a snake is defending itself from attack in such a case and if you poke it with sticks, throw stones at it, kick at it or do silly little jigs around it, you are asking for trouble. And worse still, there may well be a difference in the venom between an angered rattlesnake and one reacting quickly in self-defense — the toxicity may be increased, whereas a surprised rattlesnake may only bite without injecting venom (possible, not certain). Whatever the strength of the venom, an angered rattlesnake will be more likely to keep striking.
Leave the snake alone. Many people are bitten in the process of trying to heroically rid the world of one more bothersome snake. Apart from the snake not being bothersome, the snake is going to bite you to try to defend itself. Live and let live — back off and let it have its space to slither away. And be warned — there is a reason for the saying "as mad as a cut snake" — an injured snake is a very, very dangerous foe.
6. Prep your campsite for rattlesnakes.
There are a few hacks when it comes to camping snake-free.
There are risks during camping that you need to address.
Check the campsite before setting up. Arrive in daylight and set up in daylight. On warm nights, rattlesnakes may still be hanging about and if you cannot see what you are doing, you are at risk.
Shut the tent flap at night if camping in rattlesnake territory or you may wake up to a very unwelcome surprise. Always check before going to bed that an unwanted guest isn't already lodged inside, attracted by warmth or the interesting hiding possibilities presented by a tent.
Make sure all those using the tent keep the flap constantly shut when entering and leaving.
Shake out sleeping bags before hopping in. Many an unwary sleeper has been unpleasantly awoken.
Take care collecting firewood. Piles of wood are an ideal hiding place for rattlesnakes.
Use a flashlight at all times during night walks.
7. Keep children on a short leash.
Kids may not know to avoid snakes, so don’t let them wander off.
Children are naturally curious and bold all at once. While useful in a safe environment, these traits can lead to harm in a dangerous environment. Make sure that young children understand the dangers of rattlesnakes, know what not to do and know how to behave to avoid a rattlesnake encounter plus how to behave if they do encounter a rattlesnake. In a party of hikers with children, an adult should always lead and preferably another should bring up the rear.
8. Know the warning signs of an attack.
If there’s a sign that an attack is coming, run away.
This means those of the snake and those of any humans in charge of warning you of the presence of rattlesnakes:
Recognize the signs of a rattlesnake about to strike. These are general, sometimes there may be a strike without these signs because a rattlesnake can bite from any position if needed:
A rattlesnake in a coiled position — the coil permits the rattlesnake to make its most effective strike
The front end of its body (head) is raised
Its rattler is shaking and making rattle sound
Just to make life a little more difficult, it is important to be aware that rattlesnakes do not or cannot always use their rattler to warn of impending attack. For instance, if you tread on it before it has time to rattle, it'll bite first and leave rattling until later. And sometimes they just don't rattle, for such reasons as being extra defensive during shedding, mating and giving birth. Or, they may prefer to rely on their coloration as camouflage, only to realize that this isn't going to protect them from the impending human feet. Also, wet rattlers do not rattle. There must be at least two segments of a rattle for it to be capable of making sound, therefore young rattlesnakes cannot make the rattle sound until this grows but they remain venomous all the same. Be aware of these possibilities. Otherwise, if you hear that rattle, you are clearly forewarned, so back off.
Heed the signs from park rangers and other park authorities. Like the sign in the photo, when you are warned by the local park authorities that rattlesnakes are in the area, take the appropriate precautions set out above.
9. Know how far to stay away.
A rattlesnake can strike roughly 1/3 to 1/2 of its overall length.
It doesn't pay to underestimate a rattlesnake's length, however, and a rattlesnake might strike farther than you would expect. The strike of a rattlesnake is faster than the human eye can follow.
10. React to bites quickly.
Remain calm if you or somebody else gets bitten.
If you do get bitten by a rattlesnake, while serious, the most important thing is remain calm and still — dashing about moves the venom about faster. Key elements are remaining calm, remaining immobilized and getting to a hospital as quickly as possible. This helps prevent the spread of the venom. Keep the bite lower than the victim's heart (do not elevate the bite; that will increase circulation and spread the venom more rapidly), wash affected area and remove any potential constrictions such as rings (when swelling occurs constrictions could cause loss of blood flow and necrosis of tissues). For more on the procedure of dealing with a rattlesnake bite, see How to Treat Snakebite.
Tips
Most bites occur between April and October, the months during which rattlesnakes are at their most active.
Don't let your dog run through grass that is knee high or higher in wilderness areas. Snakes bite dogs too, and dogs die more often than people when they are bitten because they are smaller.
It is often reported that more people die from wasp and bee stings in the United States than from the bites of rattlesnakes.
Warnings
Never pick up what seems to be a dead rattlesnake. It may be resting deeply or simply not moving in a way that is detectable to your eye. Just leave well enough alone.
Do not cut, suck or drain snakebites — these are old-fashioned methods that have been proven to not work.
Pavement stays warm after sundown. Rattlesnakes may find their way onto a warm road or sidewalk on a cool evening to keep warm. Use caution after sundown when walking on paved roads or sidewalks.
Never pick up a freshly killed rattlesnake. It can bite reflexively even though it is dead.
Do not buy a snake kit; they don't work.
Rattlesnakes are protected in many areas. Do not kill them unless the situation involves immediate danger to humans or domestic animals. It is senseless and it might land you in jail for hurting a protected animal.
Never put a tourniquet on a limb bitten by a snake. It may cause necrosis and the loss of the limb. Stay calm and seek medical attention.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:38",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Identify rattlesnakes in the wild.\\nKeep your distance when you’re looking at the snake.\\nIs it a rattlesnake or a different kind of snake? To be safe, if you don't know, don't hang about to find out and if you cannot see without getting closer, don't even consider edging in any closer. But if you are aware of what the snake looks like, it might be helpful for some reasons, the main one being to know what to do if it does bite you or someone in your group. From a safe distance, look for:\\nA flat, triangular-shaped head (although this may not be adequate to mark it) — broader at the base of the head than at the front.\\nHeavy-bodied\\nOpenings between the nostrils and eyes — these are the heat-sensing pits\\nHooded eyes and elliptical pupils — these may not be readily apparent and you'll have to be fairly close to see this.\\nColoration — generally tan and brown patchwork; the Mohave rattlesnake is green, however, and has light bands at its tail end. If you can see these bands with the naked eye, you are probably too close.\\nA rattle at the end of its tail (made of modified scales). Young rattlesnakes often have only a few parts of the rattler formed — be wary of this as the bites of newborns are still venomous. Rattles may also be broken off, malformed or silent. Do not rely on the rattler as the only form of identification. Listen to the rattler sound courtesy of the San Diego zoo: Rattlesnake Sound Byte.\\n2. Stay on high alert in the wilderness.\\nIf you’re hiking, climbing, or camping, keep an eye out.\\nBe aware of when and where you are most likely to encounter a rattlesnake. You are most likely to encounter rattlesnakes when you’re engaging in some kind of outdoor activity.\\nMost rattlesnakes prefer hot environments, with some preferring desert climates but others, such as the Eastern Diamondback, prefer a moist climate. The majority live in the southern United States and Mexico, although some are found in Canada's Badlands desert region in Alberta and British Columbia around Hedley, Keremeos, and Osoyoos.\\nRattlesnakes like summer evenings the best, just as the sun is going down and when it has gone — they are most active nocturnally in the summertime. This just happens to coincide with the frailty of human eyesight kicking in as the sun goes down, so take care. Use a flashlight when walking about and wear good footwear.\\nRattlesnakes like warm days, period. Be it any season of the year, even winter, a rattlesnake can venture out in search of the warmth — suitable air temperature for rattlesnakes is around 70° and 90°F (21° to 32°C).\\nMost rattlesnakes are not generally sitting about in the open — if they are in the open, they are moving through it much of the time. Rattlesnakes want to avoid contact with predators who can easily spot them in the open, including humans and large animals. As such, you will most likely encounter rattlesnakes around rocks, shrub and brush, or wherever there are nooks for them to hide among. However, on sunny days, you might find rattlesnakes warming themselves on warm rocks or asphalt.\\n3. Wear snake-proof clothing.\\nLong sleeves and thick boots can help protect you.\\nWhen in rattlesnake country, do not be blasé about clothing — the majority of bites occur on the hands, feet and ankles. So, apart from not sticking your hands where they shouldn't be, clothing becomes an important protection ally:\\nToss the sandals — this is time for good quality, thick hiking boots, and decent socks. Over the ankle boots are best, as ankle bites are common. Do not wear sandals, open-toed shoes or bare feet when walking in the desert. There are more things than rattlesnakes awaiting your foolhardiness if you do.\\nWear long, loose-fitting pants.\\nUse gaiters, if possible, especially if you choose not to wear long pants.\\n4. Behave reasonably outdoors.\\nHow you carry yourself is a big part of how at-risk you are.\\nDon’t wander off paths and stick your hands where they don’t belong when you’re hiking, climbing, walking. When in rattlesnake territory, think like a rattlesnake to keep your mind on how they might behave so that you can behave accordingly:\\nAlways hike with at least one buddy. If you are alone and bitten, you will be in dire trouble. Carry a cell phone that works and alert family or friends of your intended hiking course and duration.\\nStay out of the way. The easiest way to avoid rattlesnakes is to keep out of their way. Keep alert as you hike, walk, and climb. Stick to well-used trails and do not wander off into tall grass, underbrush and weeds where rattlesnakes may be hiding.\\nDo not stick your hands in the wrong places. Don't stick your hands down holes, under rocks and ledges or even into brush when you are walking around. These are key hiding places for rattlesnakes. When hiking, it is best to carry a sturdy staff, or at least a long, sturdy and light stick, to help prevent using your hands in areas where snakes may hide.\\nDon't sit down on tree stumps or logs without first checking inside. You might just be sitting on a rattlesnake....\\nStep on and not over. When you need to cross logs and rocks, it is sensible to step on the objects rather than straight over them. This way, you can spot a rattlesnake that may be sheltering under it and can take evasive action quickly.\\nLook before you leap. Take care where you land your feet. A foot coming straight down next to, or on top of a snake is asking for a bite. Snakes rely on vibration to hear and while they can sense you coming if you have stomped about loudly enough, they cannot deal with removing themselves fast enough if you blaze up a trail quickly and provide little warning of your approach.\\nWhen walking, carry a stick, and whack bushes and undergrowth a bit before you walk on/near them, and snakes will get away. They'll go under bushes or thick grass immediately, so don't put your feet in/on those places! If you must step on those hiding places, probe them a bit first with your stick, so the snake has a chance to get away.\\nMove out of the way. If you do walk into the range of a rattlesnake, calmly back off as quickly and quietly as you can.\\nTake care around water. Rattlesnakes can swim. Anything resembling a long stick might be a rattlesnake.\\n5. Do not provoke a rattlesnake.\\nIf you come across a rattlesnake, don’t mess with it.\\nAngering a snake will result in one response — you become its target. Remember — a snake is defending itself from attack in such a case and if you poke it with sticks, throw stones at it, kick at it or do silly little jigs around it, you are asking for trouble. And worse still, there may well be a difference in the venom between an angered rattlesnake and one reacting quickly in self-defense — the toxicity may be increased, whereas a surprised rattlesnake may only bite without injecting venom (possible, not certain). Whatever the strength of the venom, an angered rattlesnake will be more likely to keep striking.\\nLeave the snake alone. Many people are bitten in the process of trying to heroically rid the world of one more bothersome snake. Apart from the snake not being bothersome, the snake is going to bite you to try to defend itself. Live and let live — back off and let it have its space to slither away. And be warned — there is a reason for the saying \\\"as mad as a cut snake\\\" — an injured snake is a very, very dangerous foe.\\n6. Prep your campsite for rattlesnakes.\\nThere are a few hacks when it comes to camping snake-free.\\nThere are risks during camping that you need to address.\\nCheck the campsite before setting up. Arrive in daylight and set up in daylight. On warm nights, rattlesnakes may still be hanging about and if you cannot see what you are doing, you are at risk.\\nShut the tent flap at night if camping in rattlesnake territory or you may wake up to a very unwelcome surprise. Always check before going to bed that an unwanted guest isn't already lodged inside, attracted by warmth or the interesting hiding possibilities presented by a tent.\\nMake sure all those using the tent keep the flap constantly shut when entering and leaving.\\nShake out sleeping bags before hopping in. Many an unwary sleeper has been unpleasantly awoken.\\nTake care collecting firewood. Piles of wood are an ideal hiding place for rattlesnakes.\\nUse a flashlight at all times during night walks.\\n7. Keep children on a short leash.\\nKids may not know to avoid snakes, so don’t let them wander off.\\nChildren are naturally curious and bold all at once. While useful in a safe environment, these traits can lead to harm in a dangerous environment. Make sure that young children understand the dangers of rattlesnakes, know what not to do and know how to behave to avoid a rattlesnake encounter plus how to behave if they do encounter a rattlesnake. In a party of hikers with children, an adult should always lead and preferably another should bring up the rear.\\n8. Know the warning signs of an attack.\\nIf there’s a sign that an attack is coming, run away.\\nThis means those of the snake and those of any humans in charge of warning you of the presence of rattlesnakes:\\n\\nRecognize the signs of a rattlesnake about to strike. These are general, sometimes there may be a strike without these signs because a rattlesnake can bite from any position if needed:\\nA rattlesnake in a coiled position — the coil permits the rattlesnake to make its most effective strike\\nThe front end of its body (head) is raised\\nIts rattler is shaking and making rattle sound\\n\\nJust to make life a little more difficult, it is important to be aware that rattlesnakes do not or cannot always use their rattler to warn of impending attack. For instance, if you tread on it before it has time to rattle, it'll bite first and leave rattling until later. And sometimes they just don't rattle, for such reasons as being extra defensive during shedding, mating and giving birth. Or, they may prefer to rely on their coloration as camouflage, only to realize that this isn't going to protect them from the impending human feet. Also, wet rattlers do not rattle. There must be at least two segments of a rattle for it to be capable of making sound, therefore young rattlesnakes cannot make the rattle sound until this grows but they remain venomous all the same. Be aware of these possibilities. Otherwise, if you hear that rattle, you are clearly forewarned, so back off.\\nHeed the signs from park rangers and other park authorities. Like the sign in the photo, when you are warned by the local park authorities that rattlesnakes are in the area, take the appropriate precautions set out above.\\n9. Know how far to stay away.\\nA rattlesnake can strike roughly 1/3 to 1/2 of its overall length.\\nIt doesn't pay to underestimate a rattlesnake's length, however, and a rattlesnake might strike farther than you would expect. The strike of a rattlesnake is faster than the human eye can follow.\\n10. React to bites quickly.\\nRemain calm if you or somebody else gets bitten.\\nIf you do get bitten by a rattlesnake, while serious, the most important thing is remain calm and still — dashing about moves the venom about faster. Key elements are remaining calm, remaining immobilized and getting to a hospital as quickly as possible. This helps prevent the spread of the venom. Keep the bite lower than the victim's heart (do not elevate the bite; that will increase circulation and spread the venom more rapidly), wash affected area and remove any potential constrictions such as rings (when swelling occurs constrictions could cause loss of blood flow and necrosis of tissues). For more on the procedure of dealing with a rattlesnake bite, see How to Treat Snakebite.\\nTips\\nMost bites occur between April and October, the months during which rattlesnakes are at their most active.\\nDon't let your dog run through grass that is knee high or higher in wilderness areas. Snakes bite dogs too, and dogs die more often than people when they are bitten because they are smaller.\\nIt is often reported that more people die from wasp and bee stings in the United States than from the bites of rattlesnakes.\\nWarnings\\nNever pick up what seems to be a dead rattlesnake. It may be resting deeply or simply not moving in a way that is detectable to your eye. Just leave well enough alone.\\nDo not cut, suck or drain snakebites — these are old-fashioned methods that have been proven to not work.\\nPavement stays warm after sundown. Rattlesnakes may find their way onto a warm road or sidewalk on a cool evening to keep warm. Use caution after sundown when walking on paved roads or sidewalks.\\nNever pick up a freshly killed rattlesnake. It can bite reflexively even though it is dead.\\nDo not buy a snake kit; they don't work.\\nRattlesnakes are protected in many areas. Do not kill them unless the situation involves immediate danger to humans or domestic animals. It is senseless and it might land you in jail for hurting a protected animal.\\nNever put a tourniquet on a limb bitten by a snake. It may cause necrosis and the loss of the limb. Stay calm and seek medical attention.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Planning on doing some hiking out in the wilderness? If you’re in the Western Hemisphere, you’ll want to keep an eye out for rattlesnakes. These pit vipers are abundant, Rattlesnakes are venomous pit vipers that do not go out of their way to attack people, but they can lash out and bite if you scare them accidentally. Luckily, it’s usually pretty easy to avoid rattlesnakes, and we’re here to show you how. In this article, we’ll cover everything you need to know about staying safe around rattlesnakes in the wild.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Identify rattlesnakes in the wild.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep your distance when you’re looking at the snake.\", \"描述\": \"Is it a rattlesnake or a different kind of snake? To be safe, if you don't know, don't hang about to find out and if you cannot see without getting closer, don't even consider edging in any closer. But if you are aware of what the snake looks like, it might be helpful for some reasons, the main one being to know what to do if it does bite you or someone in your group. From a safe distance, look for:\\nA flat, triangular-shaped head (although this may not be adequate to mark it) — broader at the base of the head than at the front.\\nHeavy-bodied\\nOpenings between the nostrils and eyes — these are the heat-sensing pits\\nHooded eyes and elliptical pupils — these may not be readily apparent and you'll have to be fairly close to see this.\\nColoration — generally tan and brown patchwork; the Mohave rattlesnake is green, however, and has light bands at its tail end. If you can see these bands with the naked eye, you are probably too close.\\nA rattle at the end of its tail (made of modified scales). Young rattlesnakes often have only a few parts of the rattler formed — be wary of this as the bites of newborns are still venomous. Rattles may also be broken off, malformed or silent. Do not rely on the rattler as the only form of identification. Listen to the rattler sound courtesy of the San Diego zoo: Rattlesnake Sound Byte.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay on high alert in the wilderness.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If you’re hiking, climbing, or camping, keep an eye out.\", \"描述\": \"Be aware of when and where you are most likely to encounter a rattlesnake. You are most likely to encounter rattlesnakes when you’re engaging in some kind of outdoor activity.\\nMost rattlesnakes prefer hot environments, with some preferring desert climates but others, such as the Eastern Diamondback, prefer a moist climate. The majority live in the southern United States and Mexico, although some are found in Canada's Badlands desert region in Alberta and British Columbia around Hedley, Keremeos, and Osoyoos.\\nRattlesnakes like summer evenings the best, just as the sun is going down and when it has gone — they are most active nocturnally in the summertime. This just happens to coincide with the frailty of human eyesight kicking in as the sun goes down, so take care. Use a flashlight when walking about and wear good footwear.\\nRattlesnakes like warm days, period. Be it any season of the year, even winter, a rattlesnake can venture out in search of the warmth — suitable air temperature for rattlesnakes is around 70° and 90°F (21° to 32°C).\\nMost rattlesnakes are not generally sitting about in the open — if they are in the open, they are moving through it much of the time. Rattlesnakes want to avoid contact with predators who can easily spot them in the open, including humans and large animals. As such, you will most likely encounter rattlesnakes around rocks, shrub and brush, or wherever there are nooks for them to hide among. However, on sunny days, you might find rattlesnakes warming themselves on warm rocks or asphalt.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wear snake-proof clothing.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Long sleeves and thick boots can help protect you.\", \"描述\": \"When in rattlesnake country, do not be blasé about clothing — the majority of bites occur on the hands, feet and ankles. So, apart from not sticking your hands where they shouldn't be, clothing becomes an important protection ally:\\nToss the sandals — this is time for good quality, thick hiking boots, and decent socks. Over the ankle boots are best, as ankle bites are common. Do not wear sandals, open-toed shoes or bare feet when walking in the desert. There are more things than rattlesnakes awaiting your foolhardiness if you do.\\nWear long, loose-fitting pants.\\nUse gaiters, if possible, especially if you choose not to wear long pants.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Behave reasonably outdoors.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"How you carry yourself is a big part of how at-risk you are.\", \"描述\": \"Don’t wander off paths and stick your hands where they don’t belong when you’re hiking, climbing, walking. When in rattlesnake territory, think like a rattlesnake to keep your mind on how they might behave so that you can behave accordingly:\\nAlways hike with at least one buddy. If you are alone and bitten, you will be in dire trouble. Carry a cell phone that works and alert family or friends of your intended hiking course and duration.\\nStay out of the way. The easiest way to avoid rattlesnakes is to keep out of their way. Keep alert as you hike, walk, and climb. Stick to well-used trails and do not wander off into tall grass, underbrush and weeds where rattlesnakes may be hiding.\\nDo not stick your hands in the wrong places. Don't stick your hands down holes, under rocks and ledges or even into brush when you are walking around. These are key hiding places for rattlesnakes. When hiking, it is best to carry a sturdy staff, or at least a long, sturdy and light stick, to help prevent using your hands in areas where snakes may hide.\\nDon't sit down on tree stumps or logs without first checking inside. You might just be sitting on a rattlesnake....\\nStep on and not over. When you need to cross logs and rocks, it is sensible to step on the objects rather than straight over them. This way, you can spot a rattlesnake that may be sheltering under it and can take evasive action quickly.\\nLook before you leap. Take care where you land your feet. A foot coming straight down next to, or on top of a snake is asking for a bite. Snakes rely on vibration to hear and while they can sense you coming if you have stomped about loudly enough, they cannot deal with removing themselves fast enough if you blaze up a trail quickly and provide little warning of your approach.\\nWhen walking, carry a stick, and whack bushes and undergrowth a bit before you walk on/near them, and snakes will get away. They'll go under bushes or thick grass immediately, so don't put your feet in/on those places! If you must step on those hiding places, probe them a bit first with your stick, so the snake has a chance to get away.\\nMove out of the way. If you do walk into the range of a rattlesnake, calmly back off as quickly and quietly as you can.\\nTake care around water. Rattlesnakes can swim. Anything resembling a long stick might be a rattlesnake.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Do not provoke a rattlesnake.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If you come across a rattlesnake, don’t mess with it.\", \"描述\": \"Angering a snake will result in one response — you become its target. Remember — a snake is defending itself from attack in such a case and if you poke it with sticks, throw stones at it, kick at it or do silly little jigs around it, you are asking for trouble. And worse still, there may well be a difference in the venom between an angered rattlesnake and one reacting quickly in self-defense — the toxicity may be increased, whereas a surprised rattlesnake may only bite without injecting venom (possible, not certain). Whatever the strength of the venom, an angered rattlesnake will be more likely to keep striking.\\nLeave the snake alone. Many people are bitten in the process of trying to heroically rid the world of one more bothersome snake. Apart from the snake not being bothersome, the snake is going to bite you to try to defend itself. Live and let live — back off and let it have its space to slither away. And be warned — there is a reason for the saying \\\"as mad as a cut snake\\\" — an injured snake is a very, very dangerous foe.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Prep your campsite for rattlesnakes.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"There are a few hacks when it comes to camping snake-free.\", \"描述\": \"There are risks during camping that you need to address.\\nCheck the campsite before setting up. Arrive in daylight and set up in daylight. On warm nights, rattlesnakes may still be hanging about and if you cannot see what you are doing, you are at risk.\\nShut the tent flap at night if camping in rattlesnake territory or you may wake up to a very unwelcome surprise. Always check before going to bed that an unwanted guest isn't already lodged inside, attracted by warmth or the interesting hiding possibilities presented by a tent.\\nMake sure all those using the tent keep the flap constantly shut when entering and leaving.\\nShake out sleeping bags before hopping in. Many an unwary sleeper has been unpleasantly awoken.\\nTake care collecting firewood. Piles of wood are an ideal hiding place for rattlesnakes.\\nUse a flashlight at all times during night walks.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Keep children on a short leash.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Kids may not know to avoid snakes, so don’t let them wander off.\", \"描述\": \"Children are naturally curious and bold all at once. While useful in a safe environment, these traits can lead to harm in a dangerous environment. Make sure that young children understand the dangers of rattlesnakes, know what not to do and know how to behave to avoid a rattlesnake encounter plus how to behave if they do encounter a rattlesnake. In a party of hikers with children, an adult should always lead and preferably another should bring up the rear.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Know the warning signs of an attack.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If there’s a sign that an attack is coming, run away.\", \"描述\": \"This means those of the snake and those of any humans in charge of warning you of the presence of rattlesnakes:\\n\\nRecognize the signs of a rattlesnake about to strike. These are general, sometimes there may be a strike without these signs because a rattlesnake can bite from any position if needed:\\nA rattlesnake in a coiled position — the coil permits the rattlesnake to make its most effective strike\\nThe front end of its body (head) is raised\\nIts rattler is shaking and making rattle sound\\n\\nJust to make life a little more difficult, it is important to be aware that rattlesnakes do not or cannot always use their rattler to warn of impending attack. For instance, if you tread on it before it has time to rattle, it'll bite first and leave rattling until later. And sometimes they just don't rattle, for such reasons as being extra defensive during shedding, mating and giving birth. Or, they may prefer to rely on their coloration as camouflage, only to realize that this isn't going to protect them from the impending human feet. Also, wet rattlers do not rattle. There must be at least two segments of a rattle for it to be capable of making sound, therefore young rattlesnakes cannot make the rattle sound until this grows but they remain venomous all the same. Be aware of these possibilities. Otherwise, if you hear that rattle, you are clearly forewarned, so back off.\\nHeed the signs from park rangers and other park authorities. Like the sign in the photo, when you are warned by the local park authorities that rattlesnakes are in the area, take the appropriate precautions set out above.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Know how far to stay away.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"A rattlesnake can strike roughly 1/3 to 1/2 of its overall length.\", \"描述\": \"It doesn't pay to underestimate a rattlesnake's length, however, and a rattlesnake might strike farther than you would expect. The strike of a rattlesnake is faster than the human eye can follow.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"React to bites quickly.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remain calm if you or somebody else gets bitten.\", \"描述\": \"If you do get bitten by a rattlesnake, while serious, the most important thing is remain calm and still — dashing about moves the venom about faster. Key elements are remaining calm, remaining immobilized and getting to a hospital as quickly as possible. This helps prevent the spread of the venom. Keep the bite lower than the victim's heart (do not elevate the bite; that will increase circulation and spread the venom more rapidly), wash affected area and remove any potential constrictions such as rings (when swelling occurs constrictions could cause loss of blood flow and necrosis of tissues). For more on the procedure of dealing with a rattlesnake bite, see How to Treat Snakebite.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Most bites occur between April and October, the months during which rattlesnakes are at their most active.\\n\", \"Don't let your dog run through grass that is knee high or higher in wilderness areas. Snakes bite dogs too, and dogs die more often than people when they are bitten because they are smaller.\\n\", \"It is often reported that more people die from wasp and bee stings in the United States than from the bites of rattlesnakes.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never pick up what seems to be a dead rattlesnake. It may be resting deeply or simply not moving in a way that is detectable to your eye. Just leave well enough alone.\\n\", \"Do not cut, suck or drain snakebites — these are old-fashioned methods that have been proven to not work.\\n\", \"Pavement stays warm after sundown. Rattlesnakes may find their way onto a warm road or sidewalk on a cool evening to keep warm. Use caution after sundown when walking on paved roads or sidewalks.\\n\", \"Never pick up a freshly killed rattlesnake. It can bite reflexively even though it is dead.\\n\", \"Do not buy a snake kit; they don't work.\\n\", \"Rattlesnakes are protected in many areas. Do not kill them unless the situation involves immediate danger to humans or domestic animals. It is senseless and it might land you in jail for hurting a protected animal.\\n\", \"Never put a tourniquet on a limb bitten by a snake. It may cause necrosis and the loss of the limb. Stay calm and seek medical attention.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,265 | How to Avoid a Relapse into Addiction | 1. Creating a Support System
1-1. Turn to family for support.
Your family and friends will want to see you lead a happy and healthy life. They are likely to be willing to help you through your recovery, especially if you show them that you are serious about ending the addiction. Reach out to siblings, parents, aunts and uncles for help. Try to line up several family members so that you will not be relying on just person. This can help you by providing you with more support and help your family by not overburdening one person. Asking family for a place to stay or a ride to appointments is often easier than asking friends or acquaintances.
Avoid leaning on any family members that have the same addiction as you. This could lead you into a relapse.
For example, you could call your parents and say, “I have been feeling pretty stressed out lately, and I’m afraid I’m going to relapse. I made an appointment for next week, but it would be great if I could be around support until then. Would it be okay if I come and stay with you for a couple of nights?”
If a family member is reluctant to help you, try to be willing to listen to their reasons why and find out if there is a way for you to regain their trust.
1-2. Find a counselor.
Recovery is a long process. The risk of relapse never completely goes away. To keep yourself on the right track, you should see a mental health professional regularly. They can help you learn to cope with stress and cravings, they will listen to your thoughts and feelings, and they can diagnose any underlying mental health issues that may contribute to a relapse.
Ask your doctor for a recommendation to a mental health professional. Most doctors have a few facilities that they trust and work with often.
You may have to see a therapist frequently at first, and then over time your visits will likely be reduced as you get healthier. Even if you are not seeing a therapist regularly, it is important to develop a relationship with one in case trouble develops.
1-3. Attend support group meetings.
Support groups bring together people who have gone through a similar experience. In the case of your addiction, a support group will offer you a chance to share your story with other people who have battled the same addiction. You will also get a chance to hear their stories and encourage them.
These groups provide bonding and accountability for people who have suffered addictions of a similar nature (e.g. alcoholic’s groups, drug addict’s groups, sex addict’s groups, etc.). This is an important part of your support system since most people will not understand what your addiction is like.
There are also support groups for friends and family members of addicts, such as ALANON.
Finding a support group has gotten much easier with the internet. Look for groups in your area that are specific to your addiction. You could also ask your mental health professional or doctor to refer a group to you.
1-4. Appoint a guardian.
Many support groups offer a sponsor. The sponsor is a recovered addict that you have access to all day every day to help walk you through tough times. If you don’t have a sponsor, have a family member or friend fill the role. Explain to them that you need someone that you can call if you feel like you are slipping back into your addiction.
Sponsors greatly increase the success of a recovery program.
You can also authorize someone to place you in a rehabilitation program should you relapse.
2. Finding Balance in Your Life
2-1. Practice mindfulness.
Mindfulness is a way of focusing on the present moment. This offers an array of benefits to a recovering addict of any kind, like stopping you from thinking about the past and helping you remain grateful for where you are now. There are many ways to practice mindfulness. You can practice techniques like deep breathing, meditation, and yoga. They may feel unnatural at first, but as you practice you will get better at calming your mind and relaxing your body. Some of the benefits involved include things like:
Mindfulness reduces stress.
Mindfulness keeps your focus on the present.
Mindfulness elevates your mood.
2-2. Beware of nostalgia.
Looking back on your former behaviors in a favorable light can be dangerous. Instead of referring to your time before recovery as something like ‘The Good Ol’ Days,’ be sure to remember the negative impact that the addiction had on your life. These negative effects are why you went down the road of recovery in the first place.
Things like damaged relationships, poor finances, and lack of self-esteem are examples of the negative impact of addiction.
Try writing down all of the negative things that have resulted from your addiction. Then, read over this any time you start feeling nostalgic about your addiction.
2-3. Eat well.
Staying healthy is imperative to a successful recovery. This doesn’t mean that you can’t have a dessert now and then, but you do want to include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and water in your diet. Your body and mind feel better when you are healthy, which will help you avoid your addictive behaviors.
Try to avoid foods like:
Sugary drinks (soda, juice, etc.)
Processed grains (white bread, white flour, white rice, etc.)
Foods high in unhealthy fats (fried food, whole fat dairy, etc.)
Make a point to include foods like:
Fruits (apples, bananas, citrus, etc)
Vegetables (carrots, spinach, broccoli, etc.)
Lean meats (chicken, salmon, etc.)
Foods high in healthy fats (salmon, avocado, etc.)
If you are recovering from a food addiction, you will have to be even more careful about the things you choose to eat. In this case, even the occasional dessert could put you at a high risk for relapse.
2-4. Exercise regularly.
Exercise keeps your body fit and releases endorphins that make you feel good. This will elevate your mood and your self-esteem. Spending time exercising will also keep you busy and reduce the risk of falling back into your old habits out of boredom.
It’s an added bonus if you can spend time exercising with friends (or make friends exercising).
Choose an exercise you like. You can do anything from running to weight lifting. You can also do low impact exercises like swimming.
2-5. Work a regular schedule.
Whether the work is paid or volunteer, it will give you a sense of purpose and commitment. Keeping a regular work schedule also keeps you busy and gets you out into the community where you can make new friends. Look for things that you enjoy doing for work. This way, you will look forward to (or at least not dread) going to work.
Avoid jobs that force you to confront the object of your addiction (e.g. recovering alcoholics shouldn’t work in a bar).
Look for jobs that give you a sense of purpose to help you avoid craving your addiction (e.g. take a job that allows you to help people in poverty or others battling addiction).
Nonprofit and charity organizations often accept volunteers even if they are not hiring staff. This can be a good way to find meaningful activities, and in some cases may lead to a job down the road. Keep in mind that you might have to work in addition to volunteering.
2-6. Schedule frequent sober outings.
Addictions have a way of seeping into every aspect of life. They dictate your behavior as well as your social circle. Ending an addiction can leave you feeling like you just have to sit home by yourself all the time. The truth is that you can and should go out and do new things. This allows you to find things that you enjoy in place of your old habits, and you can make some new friends.
If you have made friends in sobriety, schedule frequent outings with them that do not revolve around your addiction. Being with a group of people who have had similar experiences will help to strengthen you and keep you sober.
There are many activities that you can do that cost little or no money. For example, you could go to a museum or an art gallery. You could also go watch movies or take a hike in nature.
3. Managing Temptation
3-1. Cut ties with other users.
Whatever your addiction, associating with other people who currently partake in that behavior is dangerous. This can be difficult if you have been addicted for a long time because most of your friends are likely addicts as well. If you are serious about avoiding a relapse you have to avoid these friends as much as possible.
It is also a good idea to change your phone number to prevent certain people from contacting you. You may even consider moving out of the area to reduce the chance of running into anyone you want to avoid.
Not only will hanging out with other addicts tempt you, they may not take your recovery seriously. This could result in you being pressured to ‘have some fun’ and go back to your old ways.
3-2. Avoid your triggers.
Triggers are things that you associate with the need to use your addiction as a crutch. They can be anything from a particular emotion (like sadness) to a familiar T.V. show. Recognize what you are doing and how you feel when you have an urge to relapse. Write these things down and make a list of your triggers to help yourself avoid and control them.
You can also discuss your triggers with your mental health professional and/or your doctor.
3-3. Be aware of your stress level.
Stress is a major contributor to addiction and relapse. Managing your stress level from day to day with things like mindfulness and exercise is imperative to successfully avoiding a relapse. You should also have a plan for coping with major life events. These major events can introduce a tremendous amount of stress in a relatively short time, so it is important to call your sponsor or a trusted friend or family member right away if one of these events occurs. Some examples are:
A change in marital status
A loss or death
A change in finances or employment
A holiday or other family function
3-4. Rely on planning, not willpower.
Your willpower largely dependent on your mood and state of mind at any given time. The best way to avoid a relapse is to plan to stay away from places where you used to use, people that you used with, or scenarios that make you want to turn to your addiction again. While you might make it out of one or two situations, if you continue to put yourself in vulnerable positions, you are likely to relapse. Some examples of things you can plan to do to avoid bad situations are:
Take a different route to and from work.
Avoid places you used to hang out.
Have a backup plan ready in case you run into an old friend that is still addicted. For example, you could cut the conversation short by saying that you are late to pick up your mother for a doctor’s appointment.
Practice how you might respond to offers for substances. You can do this by role playing and rehearsing your answers with your sponsor or a trusted friend or family member.
3-5. Gain control over any slips.
There is a difference between slipping a time or two and having a full relapse into addiction. The main difference depends on how quickly you regain control. Forgive yourself for any mistakes that you make and get back to your recovery plan as soon as possible.
It is important to remember that recovery is a long process and a small mistake does not mean that you have failed. A small mistake is also not an excuse to go on a binge.
3-6. Stay motivated for the long haul.
Many people relax once they have conquered their addiction for a period of time. This is a common way to fall back into addiction. To avoid relapse, you need to continue with your treatment plan. The plan can change and adapt over time, but if you take for granted that you’ve beaten the addiction, you can fall prey to it again.
For example, you might not need to see a counselor every week after a year of treatment, but that doesn’t mean that you should stop practicing mindfulness and exercising.
Tips
Study the science and psychology of addiction for a deeper understanding of your urges.
Stay positive. Negativity will undermine your efforts.
Warnings
Anyone can relapse if they fail to plan ahead.
Addictions can be dangerous to your health and relationships.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:38",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Creating a Support System\\n1-1. Turn to family for support.\\nYour family and friends will want to see you lead a happy and healthy life. They are likely to be willing to help you through your recovery, especially if you show them that you are serious about ending the addiction. Reach out to siblings, parents, aunts and uncles for help. Try to line up several family members so that you will not be relying on just person. This can help you by providing you with more support and help your family by not overburdening one person. Asking family for a place to stay or a ride to appointments is often easier than asking friends or acquaintances.\\nAvoid leaning on any family members that have the same addiction as you. This could lead you into a relapse.\\nFor example, you could call your parents and say, “I have been feeling pretty stressed out lately, and I’m afraid I’m going to relapse. I made an appointment for next week, but it would be great if I could be around support until then. Would it be okay if I come and stay with you for a couple of nights?”\\nIf a family member is reluctant to help you, try to be willing to listen to their reasons why and find out if there is a way for you to regain their trust.\\n1-2. Find a counselor.\\nRecovery is a long process. The risk of relapse never completely goes away. To keep yourself on the right track, you should see a mental health professional regularly. They can help you learn to cope with stress and cravings, they will listen to your thoughts and feelings, and they can diagnose any underlying mental health issues that may contribute to a relapse.\\nAsk your doctor for a recommendation to a mental health professional. Most doctors have a few facilities that they trust and work with often.\\nYou may have to see a therapist frequently at first, and then over time your visits will likely be reduced as you get healthier. Even if you are not seeing a therapist regularly, it is important to develop a relationship with one in case trouble develops.\\n1-3. Attend support group meetings.\\nSupport groups bring together people who have gone through a similar experience. In the case of your addiction, a support group will offer you a chance to share your story with other people who have battled the same addiction. You will also get a chance to hear their stories and encourage them.\\nThese groups provide bonding and accountability for people who have suffered addictions of a similar nature (e.g. alcoholic’s groups, drug addict’s groups, sex addict’s groups, etc.). This is an important part of your support system since most people will not understand what your addiction is like.\\nThere are also support groups for friends and family members of addicts, such as ALANON.\\nFinding a support group has gotten much easier with the internet. Look for groups in your area that are specific to your addiction. You could also ask your mental health professional or doctor to refer a group to you.\\n1-4. Appoint a guardian.\\nMany support groups offer a sponsor. The sponsor is a recovered addict that you have access to all day every day to help walk you through tough times. If you don’t have a sponsor, have a family member or friend fill the role. Explain to them that you need someone that you can call if you feel like you are slipping back into your addiction.\\nSponsors greatly increase the success of a recovery program.\\nYou can also authorize someone to place you in a rehabilitation program should you relapse.\\n2. Finding Balance in Your Life\\n2-1. Practice mindfulness.\\nMindfulness is a way of focusing on the present moment. This offers an array of benefits to a recovering addict of any kind, like stopping you from thinking about the past and helping you remain grateful for where you are now. There are many ways to practice mindfulness. You can practice techniques like deep breathing, meditation, and yoga. They may feel unnatural at first, but as you practice you will get better at calming your mind and relaxing your body. Some of the benefits involved include things like:\\nMindfulness reduces stress.\\nMindfulness keeps your focus on the present.\\nMindfulness elevates your mood.\\n2-2. Beware of nostalgia.\\nLooking back on your former behaviors in a favorable light can be dangerous. Instead of referring to your time before recovery as something like ‘The Good Ol’ Days,’ be sure to remember the negative impact that the addiction had on your life. These negative effects are why you went down the road of recovery in the first place.\\nThings like damaged relationships, poor finances, and lack of self-esteem are examples of the negative impact of addiction.\\nTry writing down all of the negative things that have resulted from your addiction. Then, read over this any time you start feeling nostalgic about your addiction.\\n2-3. Eat well.\\nStaying healthy is imperative to a successful recovery. This doesn’t mean that you can’t have a dessert now and then, but you do want to include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and water in your diet. Your body and mind feel better when you are healthy, which will help you avoid your addictive behaviors.\\nTry to avoid foods like:\\nSugary drinks (soda, juice, etc.)\\nProcessed grains (white bread, white flour, white rice, etc.)\\nFoods high in unhealthy fats (fried food, whole fat dairy, etc.)\\n\\nMake a point to include foods like:\\nFruits (apples, bananas, citrus, etc)\\nVegetables (carrots, spinach, broccoli, etc.)\\nLean meats (chicken, salmon, etc.)\\nFoods high in healthy fats (salmon, avocado, etc.)\\n\\nIf you are recovering from a food addiction, you will have to be even more careful about the things you choose to eat. In this case, even the occasional dessert could put you at a high risk for relapse.\\n2-4. Exercise regularly.\\nExercise keeps your body fit and releases endorphins that make you feel good. This will elevate your mood and your self-esteem. Spending time exercising will also keep you busy and reduce the risk of falling back into your old habits out of boredom.\\nIt’s an added bonus if you can spend time exercising with friends (or make friends exercising).\\nChoose an exercise you like. You can do anything from running to weight lifting. You can also do low impact exercises like swimming.\\n2-5. Work a regular schedule.\\nWhether the work is paid or volunteer, it will give you a sense of purpose and commitment. Keeping a regular work schedule also keeps you busy and gets you out into the community where you can make new friends. Look for things that you enjoy doing for work. This way, you will look forward to (or at least not dread) going to work.\\nAvoid jobs that force you to confront the object of your addiction (e.g. recovering alcoholics shouldn’t work in a bar).\\nLook for jobs that give you a sense of purpose to help you avoid craving your addiction (e.g. take a job that allows you to help people in poverty or others battling addiction).\\nNonprofit and charity organizations often accept volunteers even if they are not hiring staff. This can be a good way to find meaningful activities, and in some cases may lead to a job down the road. Keep in mind that you might have to work in addition to volunteering.\\n2-6. Schedule frequent sober outings.\\nAddictions have a way of seeping into every aspect of life. They dictate your behavior as well as your social circle. Ending an addiction can leave you feeling like you just have to sit home by yourself all the time. The truth is that you can and should go out and do new things. This allows you to find things that you enjoy in place of your old habits, and you can make some new friends.\\nIf you have made friends in sobriety, schedule frequent outings with them that do not revolve around your addiction. Being with a group of people who have had similar experiences will help to strengthen you and keep you sober.\\nThere are many activities that you can do that cost little or no money. For example, you could go to a museum or an art gallery. You could also go watch movies or take a hike in nature.\\n3. Managing Temptation\\n3-1. Cut ties with other users.\\nWhatever your addiction, associating with other people who currently partake in that behavior is dangerous. This can be difficult if you have been addicted for a long time because most of your friends are likely addicts as well. If you are serious about avoiding a relapse you have to avoid these friends as much as possible.\\nIt is also a good idea to change your phone number to prevent certain people from contacting you. You may even consider moving out of the area to reduce the chance of running into anyone you want to avoid.\\nNot only will hanging out with other addicts tempt you, they may not take your recovery seriously. This could result in you being pressured to ‘have some fun’ and go back to your old ways.\\n3-2. Avoid your triggers.\\nTriggers are things that you associate with the need to use your addiction as a crutch. They can be anything from a particular emotion (like sadness) to a familiar T.V. show. Recognize what you are doing and how you feel when you have an urge to relapse. Write these things down and make a list of your triggers to help yourself avoid and control them.\\nYou can also discuss your triggers with your mental health professional and/or your doctor.\\n3-3. Be aware of your stress level.\\nStress is a major contributor to addiction and relapse. Managing your stress level from day to day with things like mindfulness and exercise is imperative to successfully avoiding a relapse. You should also have a plan for coping with major life events. These major events can introduce a tremendous amount of stress in a relatively short time, so it is important to call your sponsor or a trusted friend or family member right away if one of these events occurs. Some examples are:\\nA change in marital status\\nA loss or death\\nA change in finances or employment\\nA holiday or other family function\\n3-4. Rely on planning, not willpower.\\nYour willpower largely dependent on your mood and state of mind at any given time. The best way to avoid a relapse is to plan to stay away from places where you used to use, people that you used with, or scenarios that make you want to turn to your addiction again. While you might make it out of one or two situations, if you continue to put yourself in vulnerable positions, you are likely to relapse. Some examples of things you can plan to do to avoid bad situations are:\\nTake a different route to and from work.\\nAvoid places you used to hang out.\\nHave a backup plan ready in case you run into an old friend that is still addicted. For example, you could cut the conversation short by saying that you are late to pick up your mother for a doctor’s appointment.\\nPractice how you might respond to offers for substances. You can do this by role playing and rehearsing your answers with your sponsor or a trusted friend or family member.\\n3-5. Gain control over any slips.\\nThere is a difference between slipping a time or two and having a full relapse into addiction. The main difference depends on how quickly you regain control. Forgive yourself for any mistakes that you make and get back to your recovery plan as soon as possible.\\nIt is important to remember that recovery is a long process and a small mistake does not mean that you have failed. A small mistake is also not an excuse to go on a binge.\\n3-6. Stay motivated for the long haul.\\nMany people relax once they have conquered their addiction for a period of time. This is a common way to fall back into addiction. To avoid relapse, you need to continue with your treatment plan. The plan can change and adapt over time, but if you take for granted that you’ve beaten the addiction, you can fall prey to it again.\\nFor example, you might not need to see a counselor every week after a year of treatment, but that doesn’t mean that you should stop practicing mindfulness and exercising.\\nTips\\nStudy the science and psychology of addiction for a deeper understanding of your urges.\\nStay positive. Negativity will undermine your efforts.\\nWarnings\\nAnyone can relapse if they fail to plan ahead.\\nAddictions can be dangerous to your health and relationships.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A person can become addicted to many different things. There are support groups for addictions to things such as alcohol, sex, drugs, and even food just to name a few. These addictions can wreak havoc on the life of the addict and the lives of their friends and family. Luckily, many addicts find a treatment plan that helps pull them out of their addiction. When this happens, you should create a support system, balance your life, and manage tempting situations to avoid a relapse into addiction.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Creating a Support System\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn to family for support.\", \"描述\": \"Your family and friends will want to see you lead a happy and healthy life. They are likely to be willing to help you through your recovery, especially if you show them that you are serious about ending the addiction. Reach out to siblings, parents, aunts and uncles for help. Try to line up several family members so that you will not be relying on just person. This can help you by providing you with more support and help your family by not overburdening one person. Asking family for a place to stay or a ride to appointments is often easier than asking friends or acquaintances.\\nAvoid leaning on any family members that have the same addiction as you. This could lead you into a relapse.\\nFor example, you could call your parents and say, “I have been feeling pretty stressed out lately, and I’m afraid I’m going to relapse. I made an appointment for next week, but it would be great if I could be around support until then. Would it be okay if I come and stay with you for a couple of nights?”\\nIf a family member is reluctant to help you, try to be willing to listen to their reasons why and find out if there is a way for you to regain their trust.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find a counselor.\", \"描述\": \"Recovery is a long process. The risk of relapse never completely goes away. To keep yourself on the right track, you should see a mental health professional regularly. They can help you learn to cope with stress and cravings, they will listen to your thoughts and feelings, and they can diagnose any underlying mental health issues that may contribute to a relapse.\\nAsk your doctor for a recommendation to a mental health professional. Most doctors have a few facilities that they trust and work with often.\\nYou may have to see a therapist frequently at first, and then over time your visits will likely be reduced as you get healthier. Even if you are not seeing a therapist regularly, it is important to develop a relationship with one in case trouble develops.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Attend support group meetings.\", \"描述\": \"Support groups bring together people who have gone through a similar experience. In the case of your addiction, a support group will offer you a chance to share your story with other people who have battled the same addiction. You will also get a chance to hear their stories and encourage them.\\nThese groups provide bonding and accountability for people who have suffered addictions of a similar nature (e.g. alcoholic’s groups, drug addict’s groups, sex addict’s groups, etc.). This is an important part of your support system since most people will not understand what your addiction is like.\\nThere are also support groups for friends and family members of addicts, such as ALANON.\\nFinding a support group has gotten much easier with the internet. Look for groups in your area that are specific to your addiction. You could also ask your mental health professional or doctor to refer a group to you.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Appoint a guardian.\", \"描述\": \"Many support groups offer a sponsor. The sponsor is a recovered addict that you have access to all day every day to help walk you through tough times. If you don’t have a sponsor, have a family member or friend fill the role. Explain to them that you need someone that you can call if you feel like you are slipping back into your addiction.\\nSponsors greatly increase the success of a recovery program.\\nYou can also authorize someone to place you in a rehabilitation program should you relapse.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Finding Balance in Your Life\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Practice mindfulness.\", \"描述\": \"Mindfulness is a way of focusing on the present moment. This offers an array of benefits to a recovering addict of any kind, like stopping you from thinking about the past and helping you remain grateful for where you are now. There are many ways to practice mindfulness. You can practice techniques like deep breathing, meditation, and yoga. They may feel unnatural at first, but as you practice you will get better at calming your mind and relaxing your body. Some of the benefits involved include things like:\\nMindfulness reduces stress.\\nMindfulness keeps your focus on the present.\\nMindfulness elevates your mood.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Beware of nostalgia.\", \"描述\": \"Looking back on your former behaviors in a favorable light can be dangerous. Instead of referring to your time before recovery as something like ‘The Good Ol’ Days,’ be sure to remember the negative impact that the addiction had on your life. These negative effects are why you went down the road of recovery in the first place.\\nThings like damaged relationships, poor finances, and lack of self-esteem are examples of the negative impact of addiction.\\nTry writing down all of the negative things that have resulted from your addiction. Then, read over this any time you start feeling nostalgic about your addiction.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Eat well.\", \"描述\": \"Staying healthy is imperative to a successful recovery. This doesn’t mean that you can’t have a dessert now and then, but you do want to include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and water in your diet. Your body and mind feel better when you are healthy, which will help you avoid your addictive behaviors.\\nTry to avoid foods like:\\nSugary drinks (soda, juice, etc.)\\nProcessed grains (white bread, white flour, white rice, etc.)\\nFoods high in unhealthy fats (fried food, whole fat dairy, etc.)\\n\\nMake a point to include foods like:\\nFruits (apples, bananas, citrus, etc)\\nVegetables (carrots, spinach, broccoli, etc.)\\nLean meats (chicken, salmon, etc.)\\nFoods high in healthy fats (salmon, avocado, etc.)\\n\\nIf you are recovering from a food addiction, you will have to be even more careful about the things you choose to eat. In this case, even the occasional dessert could put you at a high risk for relapse.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Exercise regularly.\", \"描述\": \"Exercise keeps your body fit and releases endorphins that make you feel good. This will elevate your mood and your self-esteem. Spending time exercising will also keep you busy and reduce the risk of falling back into your old habits out of boredom.\\nIt’s an added bonus if you can spend time exercising with friends (or make friends exercising).\\nChoose an exercise you like. You can do anything from running to weight lifting. You can also do low impact exercises like swimming.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Work a regular schedule.\", \"描述\": \"Whether the work is paid or volunteer, it will give you a sense of purpose and commitment. Keeping a regular work schedule also keeps you busy and gets you out into the community where you can make new friends. Look for things that you enjoy doing for work. This way, you will look forward to (or at least not dread) going to work.\\nAvoid jobs that force you to confront the object of your addiction (e.g. recovering alcoholics shouldn’t work in a bar).\\nLook for jobs that give you a sense of purpose to help you avoid craving your addiction (e.g. take a job that allows you to help people in poverty or others battling addiction).\\nNonprofit and charity organizations often accept volunteers even if they are not hiring staff. This can be a good way to find meaningful activities, and in some cases may lead to a job down the road. Keep in mind that you might have to work in addition to volunteering.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Schedule frequent sober outings.\", \"描述\": \"Addictions have a way of seeping into every aspect of life. They dictate your behavior as well as your social circle. Ending an addiction can leave you feeling like you just have to sit home by yourself all the time. The truth is that you can and should go out and do new things. This allows you to find things that you enjoy in place of your old habits, and you can make some new friends.\\nIf you have made friends in sobriety, schedule frequent outings with them that do not revolve around your addiction. Being with a group of people who have had similar experiences will help to strengthen you and keep you sober.\\nThere are many activities that you can do that cost little or no money. For example, you could go to a museum or an art gallery. You could also go watch movies or take a hike in nature.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Managing Temptation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Cut ties with other users.\", \"描述\": \"Whatever your addiction, associating with other people who currently partake in that behavior is dangerous. This can be difficult if you have been addicted for a long time because most of your friends are likely addicts as well. If you are serious about avoiding a relapse you have to avoid these friends as much as possible.\\nIt is also a good idea to change your phone number to prevent certain people from contacting you. You may even consider moving out of the area to reduce the chance of running into anyone you want to avoid.\\nNot only will hanging out with other addicts tempt you, they may not take your recovery seriously. This could result in you being pressured to ‘have some fun’ and go back to your old ways.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid your triggers.\", \"描述\": \"Triggers are things that you associate with the need to use your addiction as a crutch. They can be anything from a particular emotion (like sadness) to a familiar T.V. show. Recognize what you are doing and how you feel when you have an urge to relapse. Write these things down and make a list of your triggers to help yourself avoid and control them.\\nYou can also discuss your triggers with your mental health professional and/or your doctor.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be aware of your stress level.\", \"描述\": \"Stress is a major contributor to addiction and relapse. Managing your stress level from day to day with things like mindfulness and exercise is imperative to successfully avoiding a relapse. You should also have a plan for coping with major life events. These major events can introduce a tremendous amount of stress in a relatively short time, so it is important to call your sponsor or a trusted friend or family member right away if one of these events occurs. Some examples are:\\nA change in marital status\\nA loss or death\\nA change in finances or employment\\nA holiday or other family function\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rely on planning, not willpower.\", \"描述\": \"Your willpower largely dependent on your mood and state of mind at any given time. The best way to avoid a relapse is to plan to stay away from places where you used to use, people that you used with, or scenarios that make you want to turn to your addiction again. While you might make it out of one or two situations, if you continue to put yourself in vulnerable positions, you are likely to relapse. Some examples of things you can plan to do to avoid bad situations are:\\nTake a different route to and from work.\\nAvoid places you used to hang out.\\nHave a backup plan ready in case you run into an old friend that is still addicted. For example, you could cut the conversation short by saying that you are late to pick up your mother for a doctor’s appointment.\\nPractice how you might respond to offers for substances. You can do this by role playing and rehearsing your answers with your sponsor or a trusted friend or family member.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Gain control over any slips.\", \"描述\": \"There is a difference between slipping a time or two and having a full relapse into addiction. The main difference depends on how quickly you regain control. Forgive yourself for any mistakes that you make and get back to your recovery plan as soon as possible.\\nIt is important to remember that recovery is a long process and a small mistake does not mean that you have failed. A small mistake is also not an excuse to go on a binge.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Stay motivated for the long haul.\", \"描述\": \"Many people relax once they have conquered their addiction for a period of time. This is a common way to fall back into addiction. To avoid relapse, you need to continue with your treatment plan. The plan can change and adapt over time, but if you take for granted that you’ve beaten the addiction, you can fall prey to it again.\\nFor example, you might not need to see a counselor every week after a year of treatment, but that doesn’t mean that you should stop practicing mindfulness and exercising.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Study the science and psychology of addiction for a deeper understanding of your urges.\\n\", \"Stay positive. Negativity will undermine your efforts.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Anyone can relapse if they fail to plan ahead.\\n\", \"Addictions can be dangerous to your health and relationships.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,266 | How to Avoid a Stomach Virus After Being Exposed | 1. Boosting Your Immune System
1-1. Increase your intake of vitamin C.
Since viruses enter the body when the immune system is weak, you should take steps to strengthen your immune system so that the body does not become vulnerable. One easy way to do this is to increase your intake of vitamin C.
Vitamin C is available in tablet, capsule, effervescent and syrup form. You should take 500 mg of vitamin C every day to boost your immune system and protect the body against immune system deficiencies.
Vitamin C can also come from other foods and beverages such as cantaloupe, orange juice, broccoli, red cabbage, green pepper, red pepper, kiwi and tomato juice.
1-2. Eat probiotic yogurt.
Studies have shown that eating probiotic yogurt can help to prevent the recurrence of stomach flu. Having a cup of yogurt a day can keep your stomach healthy.
Yogurt contains good bacteria known as probiotics. These good bacteria combat bad bacteria in the stomach. Yogurt also helps to repopulate the good bacteria in the stomach.
Yogurt is produced by adding bacteria cultures to milk. When this is done it transforms the milk’s sugar into lactic acid.
1-3. Stay hydrated.
Another way to strengthen the immune system is by drinking sufficient amounts of water.
It is recommended that a person drinks at least 8 glasses of water every day, as water helps to cleanse and hydrate the body which is good for the immune system.
These 8 glasses of water should not include other liquids such as coffee, soda, alcohol or tea.
1-4. Eat more mushrooms.
Mushrooms are also known to strengthen the immune system, as mushrooms increase the number of white blood cells in the body. These white blood cells fight against the microbes that cause infection.
There are many different types of mushrooms that can be used. Shitake, maitake and reishi are among the most popular mushroom types that have a positive effect on the immune system.
Eating at least ¼ ounce to 1 ounce of mushrooms a day can strengthen the immune system. You can prepare the mushrooms by adding them to a pasta sauce or sautéing them in oil.
1-5. Eat foods rich in carotenoids.
Carotenoids (which are a derivative of vitamin A) enhance the activity of immune system’s cell and improve cell-to-cell communication to easily identify foreign bodies. They also induce apoptosis (also known as cell suicide) in these foreign bodies.
Foods rich in carotenoids are carrots, sweet potatoes, tomato, pumpkin, cantaloupe, apricots, spinach and broccoli.
The recommended daily intake of vitamin A should be: 0.9 milligrams daily for men and 0.7 milligrams daily for women.
1-6. Consume more garlic.
Garlic has the ability to stimulate the body’s immune system by stimulating the activity of white blood cells called macrophages which engulf foreign bodies, such as virus cells associated with the stomach flu. For immune-boosting effects, eat a clove of garlic every 4 hours.
1-7. Drink aloe vera juice.
Aloe vera contains certain chemicals that can boost the function of the immune system.
The substance lectin in aloe vera stimulates the production of macrophages – the cells responsible for fighting foreign bodies by ingesting them. This can help eradicate the stomach virus inside the body.
Aloe vera is available in the form of juice which you can drink. 50 ml of aloe vera juice per day is recommended.
1-8. Drink black tea.
Studies have also shown that drinking of 3 tp 5 cups of black tea a day over a two week period can help the body fight off any virus in the blood.
L-theanine is a component in green and black tea which is known to boost the immune system.
For the tea to be more effective, bob the tea bags up and down while brewing.
1-9. Drink apple-cider vinegar.
Apple cider vinegar works by changing the pH in the intestinal tract into an alkaline environment. This is effective because intestinal viruses do not thrive in an alkaline environment, they prefer an acidic state.
Mix two teaspoons of apple cider vinegar into a glass of water and drink daily.
2. Practicing Good Hygiene
2-1. Understand the importance of good hygiene in preventing infection.
Hygiene is of utmost importance when it comes to staying healthy. This does not only apply to stomach flu but also other diseases. Hygiene is the body's best defense from illness.
The most important precaution you can take against illness and contamination is hand washing, as your hands are the most likely body parts to come in contact with a norovirus infected surface.
2-2. Learn the correct hand-washing technique.
Washing your hands using the correct technique is essential in killing any microbes that may be present. In order for the hand-washing to be effective, you must use the following technique:
First wet your hands and apply an anti-microbial soap. Rub your palms together. Continue to rub the palms then rub the back of each hand. Then, rub between the fingers on each hand and the fingers themselves. Finally, clean your wrists.
Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds. If you cannot estimate the time you are rubbing your hands, sing the Happy Birthday song twice. Then rinse your hands starting from the tips of the fingers to the wrists. Pat hands dry with a clean cloth.
2-3. Know when it is important to wash your hands.
You should wash your hands:
Before and after preparing food, before eating food, before and after taking care of a sick person, before and after touching any type of wound, after touching any dirty surface or things, after sneezing, coughing or blowing your nose and after touching pets.
If hand washing cannot be done, using hand sanitizer is the next best option. Place a generous amount of sanitizer in your hands and rub your hands together to evenly distribute the gel over all surfaces of your hands.
2-4. Clean your house thoroughly.
Different parts of your house along with the cleaning equipment you use in everyday living often contain unseen microorganisms, which could lead to stomach virus. To clean the house, the following must be done:
Cloths and sponges. As much as possible, use disposable cloths or paper towels. Reusable cloth or sponges should be disinfected in a bleach solution after use. Soak cloths and sponges in a bucket of bleach solutions for at least 15 minutes, then rinse thoroughly.
Mops and buckets. These are considered two of the dirtiest tools used in homes as they always come in contact with the floor. Use two buckets when mopping. One for the detergent and one for rinsing. To disinfect a mop: Remove the mop’s head if detachable. Add ¼ cup of antimicrobial solution in a pail of water and mix well. Soak the mop’s head for at least 5 minutes. Rinse thoroughly, then leave to dry.
Floors: Floors are the dirtiest part of the house because they are stepped on everyday. Use a mop soaked in an antimicrobial solution (¼ cup of antimicrobial solution mixed with a pail of water) to clean the floor. Make sure the floor is always dry as microorganisms thrive in damp conditions.
Sinks and lavatories: Always flush the toilet after each use and use antibacterial or antimicrobial disinfectants (¼ cup of antimicrobial solution mixed with a bucket of water) to clean both sinks and toilets at least every other day.
3. Preventing Stomach Flu
3-1. Avoid drinking contaminated water.
It is vital to check if the source of water is clean and not contaminated by harmful microorganisms. Contaminated water is one of the ways in which a stomach virus can be transmitted.
There are several ways to decontaminate water, the easiest of which is boiling. Water should be brought to a boiling point for at least 15 minutes before removing it from the heat. This ensures that microorganisms in the water are killed.
Alternatively, if you find yourself in a location where you are unsure about water safety, you could stick to drinking bottled water. However, the seal on each bottle must be checked for any signs of tampering to ensure water safety.
3-2. Use chemical disinfectants.
Substances like chlorine and iodine are dissolved in water to kill microorganisms. These chemical disinfectants work by breaking the chemical bonds in the molecules of bacteria and viruses.
This causes the entire molecule to fall apart or to change shape, which in turn causes a microorganism to die. To disinfect water, the following must be done:
Add 2 drops of chlorine in 1 liter (0.3 US gal) of water. Stir the mixture well for at least 2 minutes. Wait for 30 minutes before using it.
However, this method does not give 100 percent efficiency, thus filtering or boiling should still be utilized.
3-3. Decontaminate water with a portable filtration device.
These type of devices contain a pore size of less than 0.5 microns to filter viruses and bacteria. They work by trapping microorganisms in the filter so that the water passing through it is safe to drink.
Portable filtration devices should be used in combination with either the boiling method or chemical disinfectant. To use portable filtration devices, the following must be done:
Fit your water filter onto the faucet. Most water filters are made according to universal measurements so that they can fit almost all faucets. Press firmly to ensure that it is tightly sealed. Open the faucet and let it flow for at least 5 minutes to remove any carbon dust.
Portable filtration devices should be changed every month to ensure that the water is properly filtered. Microorganisms accumulate in the filter as time passes by, that’s why it must be changed monthly.
3-4. Avoid eating street foods.
You will never know how these foods are prepared and if they are safe enough to eat. They may contain harmful microorganisms such as those which cause stomach virus, especially if they are prepared using dirty hands and contaminated food ingredients.
3-5. Ensure proper waste management.
Spoiled foods must be properly disposed and trash cans should be kept sealed at all times to avoid attracting pests like rodents and cockroaches. Garbage also can be a place for microorganism to thrive in.
3-6. Increase your self-awareness.
Always be updated with the latest news. A good understanding of current events can aid you make wise decisions regarding travelling or doing recreational activities in different places or countries.
For example, if there is an outbreak of stomach virus or gastroenteritis in a certain place and you plan on going there, then it would be best to cancel your plan for your own safety.
4. Understanding Stomach Flu
4-1. Understand what causes stomach flu.
Most cases of gastroenteritis are linked with the invasion of infectious agents like bacteria and viruses. Bacterial or viral infection causes diarrhea and other symptoms by triggering the inflammation of gastrointestinal tissue.
These agents tend to elevate the amount of fluid in the intestine and colon by altering the normal function of the gastrointestinal tract in absorbing water and by speeding up the motility of ingested food items which leads to diarrhea.
It can also damage the intestinal cells either directly or indirectly through its secreted toxins.
4-2. Know which viruses can trigger gastroenteritis.
Many kinds of viruses can trigger gastroenteritis but the most frequent types are the following:
Norovirus (Norwalk-like virus). This is the most common type of virus that affects school age children. It may trigger epidemics in hospitals and cruise ships.
Rotavirus. This is the usual cause of severe gastroenteritis among children but can also affect adults who made contact with those children carrying the virus. It may also infect those individuals living in nursing homes.
Astrovirus. This causes gastroenteritis, predominantly diarrhea in children under 5 years old and has been reported in adults.
Enteric adenovirus. This also causes gastroenteritis aside from respiratory infections.
4-3. Recognize the symptoms of stomach flu.
Signs and symptoms associated with gastroenteritis commonly appear within 4 to 48 hours following exposure to infectious agents or contact with contaminated food or water supply. Symptoms may include:
Abdominal pain.
Chills, sweating and clammy skin.
Diarrhea.
Fever.
Joint stiffness or muscle pain.
Nausea and vomiting.
Poor feeding or loss of appetite.
Weight loss.
4-4. Understand the risk factors for stomach flu.
The prevalence of gastroenteritis is globally-high as it is almost impossible to avoid exposure with any of the identified causes of the disease throughout your entire life. However, some individuals are more vulnerable to gastroenteritis, for example:
Individuals who are immunosuppressed. It may involve infants, children, adults and elderly as they may have underdeveloped or weakened immune system which puts them at greater risk of acquiring the disease. They also have the tendency to become dehydrated easily as compared to those with healthy and strong immune system.
Individuals taking antibiotics. This drug can weaken the function of normal gastrointestinal microbes which makes it easier for the invasion of certain bacteria and viruses like Clostridium difficile that can cause disease.
Individuals with poor hygiene. Proper maintenance of the body such as correct techniques in handwashing can help in preventing certain types of diseases like gastroenteritis.
Individuals exposed to uncontaminated foods and drinks. Eating under cooked or unwashed food items or drinking from contaminated water sources such as rivers or streams could potentially put an individual at higher risk of developing gastroenteritis.
4-5. Be aware of how the virus is transmitted from person to person.
Gastroenteritis can be transmitted through the following methods:
Direct contact. An individual who touches a contaminated item such as feces and in turn touches another individual could directly transfer the viral or bacterial agents causing gastroenteritis.
Indirect contact. An individual carrying the bacterial or viral agent touches a certain object and another individual touches the same object previously handled by the carrier and then suddenly places his/her already contaminated hands into their mouth could indirectly transfer the infection.
Contaminated foods and drinks. These items could potentially harbor the causative agents of gastroenteritis and if ingested accidentally could lead to the outbreak of the disease.
Warnings
This is a very contagious disease and it can spread easily. It is very important that a person who is contaminated with the virus is isolated. Even objects used by the contaminated person should be separated and not used to prevent the infection to spread.
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"create_time": "20230517 10:49:38",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Boosting Your Immune System\\n1-1. Increase your intake of vitamin C.\\nSince viruses enter the body when the immune system is weak, you should take steps to strengthen your immune system so that the body does not become vulnerable. One easy way to do this is to increase your intake of vitamin C.\\nVitamin C is available in tablet, capsule, effervescent and syrup form. You should take 500 mg of vitamin C every day to boost your immune system and protect the body against immune system deficiencies.\\nVitamin C can also come from other foods and beverages such as cantaloupe, orange juice, broccoli, red cabbage, green pepper, red pepper, kiwi and tomato juice.\\n1-2. Eat probiotic yogurt.\\nStudies have shown that eating probiotic yogurt can help to prevent the recurrence of stomach flu. Having a cup of yogurt a day can keep your stomach healthy.\\nYogurt contains good bacteria known as probiotics. These good bacteria combat bad bacteria in the stomach. Yogurt also helps to repopulate the good bacteria in the stomach.\\nYogurt is produced by adding bacteria cultures to milk. When this is done it transforms the milk’s sugar into lactic acid.\\n1-3. Stay hydrated.\\nAnother way to strengthen the immune system is by drinking sufficient amounts of water.\\nIt is recommended that a person drinks at least 8 glasses of water every day, as water helps to cleanse and hydrate the body which is good for the immune system.\\nThese 8 glasses of water should not include other liquids such as coffee, soda, alcohol or tea.\\n1-4. Eat more mushrooms.\\nMushrooms are also known to strengthen the immune system, as mushrooms increase the number of white blood cells in the body. These white blood cells fight against the microbes that cause infection.\\nThere are many different types of mushrooms that can be used. Shitake, maitake and reishi are among the most popular mushroom types that have a positive effect on the immune system.\\nEating at least ¼ ounce to 1 ounce of mushrooms a day can strengthen the immune system. You can prepare the mushrooms by adding them to a pasta sauce or sautéing them in oil.\\n1-5. Eat foods rich in carotenoids.\\nCarotenoids (which are a derivative of vitamin A) enhance the activity of immune system’s cell and improve cell-to-cell communication to easily identify foreign bodies. They also induce apoptosis (also known as cell suicide) in these foreign bodies.\\nFoods rich in carotenoids are carrots, sweet potatoes, tomato, pumpkin, cantaloupe, apricots, spinach and broccoli.\\nThe recommended daily intake of vitamin A should be: 0.9 milligrams daily for men and 0.7 milligrams daily for women.\\n1-6. Consume more garlic.\\nGarlic has the ability to stimulate the body’s immune system by stimulating the activity of white blood cells called macrophages which engulf foreign bodies, such as virus cells associated with the stomach flu. For immune-boosting effects, eat a clove of garlic every 4 hours.\\n1-7. Drink aloe vera juice.\\nAloe vera contains certain chemicals that can boost the function of the immune system.\\nThe substance lectin in aloe vera stimulates the production of macrophages – the cells responsible for fighting foreign bodies by ingesting them. This can help eradicate the stomach virus inside the body.\\nAloe vera is available in the form of juice which you can drink. 50 ml of aloe vera juice per day is recommended.\\n1-8. Drink black tea.\\nStudies have also shown that drinking of 3 tp 5 cups of black tea a day over a two week period can help the body fight off any virus in the blood.\\nL-theanine is a component in green and black tea which is known to boost the immune system.\\nFor the tea to be more effective, bob the tea bags up and down while brewing.\\n1-9. Drink apple-cider vinegar.\\nApple cider vinegar works by changing the pH in the intestinal tract into an alkaline environment. This is effective because intestinal viruses do not thrive in an alkaline environment, they prefer an acidic state.\\nMix two teaspoons of apple cider vinegar into a glass of water and drink daily.\\n2. Practicing Good Hygiene\\n2-1. Understand the importance of good hygiene in preventing infection.\\nHygiene is of utmost importance when it comes to staying healthy. This does not only apply to stomach flu but also other diseases. Hygiene is the body's best defense from illness.\\nThe most important precaution you can take against illness and contamination is hand washing, as your hands are the most likely body parts to come in contact with a norovirus infected surface.\\n2-2. Learn the correct hand-washing technique.\\nWashing your hands using the correct technique is essential in killing any microbes that may be present. In order for the hand-washing to be effective, you must use the following technique:\\nFirst wet your hands and apply an anti-microbial soap. Rub your palms together. Continue to rub the palms then rub the back of each hand. Then, rub between the fingers on each hand and the fingers themselves. Finally, clean your wrists.\\nWash your hands for at least 20 seconds. If you cannot estimate the time you are rubbing your hands, sing the Happy Birthday song twice. Then rinse your hands starting from the tips of the fingers to the wrists. Pat hands dry with a clean cloth.\\n2-3. Know when it is important to wash your hands.\\nYou should wash your hands:\\nBefore and after preparing food, before eating food, before and after taking care of a sick person, before and after touching any type of wound, after touching any dirty surface or things, after sneezing, coughing or blowing your nose and after touching pets.\\nIf hand washing cannot be done, using hand sanitizer is the next best option. Place a generous amount of sanitizer in your hands and rub your hands together to evenly distribute the gel over all surfaces of your hands.\\n2-4. Clean your house thoroughly.\\nDifferent parts of your house along with the cleaning equipment you use in everyday living often contain unseen microorganisms, which could lead to stomach virus. To clean the house, the following must be done:\\n\\nCloths and sponges. As much as possible, use disposable cloths or paper towels. Reusable cloth or sponges should be disinfected in a bleach solution after use. Soak cloths and sponges in a bucket of bleach solutions for at least 15 minutes, then rinse thoroughly.\\nMops and buckets. These are considered two of the dirtiest tools used in homes as they always come in contact with the floor. Use two buckets when mopping. One for the detergent and one for rinsing. To disinfect a mop: Remove the mop’s head if detachable. Add ¼ cup of antimicrobial solution in a pail of water and mix well. Soak the mop’s head for at least 5 minutes. Rinse thoroughly, then leave to dry.\\nFloors: Floors are the dirtiest part of the house because they are stepped on everyday. Use a mop soaked in an antimicrobial solution (¼ cup of antimicrobial solution mixed with a pail of water) to clean the floor. Make sure the floor is always dry as microorganisms thrive in damp conditions.\\nSinks and lavatories: Always flush the toilet after each use and use antibacterial or antimicrobial disinfectants (¼ cup of antimicrobial solution mixed with a bucket of water) to clean both sinks and toilets at least every other day.\\n3. Preventing Stomach Flu\\n3-1. Avoid drinking contaminated water.\\nIt is vital to check if the source of water is clean and not contaminated by harmful microorganisms. Contaminated water is one of the ways in which a stomach virus can be transmitted.\\nThere are several ways to decontaminate water, the easiest of which is boiling. Water should be brought to a boiling point for at least 15 minutes before removing it from the heat. This ensures that microorganisms in the water are killed.\\nAlternatively, if you find yourself in a location where you are unsure about water safety, you could stick to drinking bottled water. However, the seal on each bottle must be checked for any signs of tampering to ensure water safety.\\n3-2. Use chemical disinfectants.\\nSubstances like chlorine and iodine are dissolved in water to kill microorganisms. These chemical disinfectants work by breaking the chemical bonds in the molecules of bacteria and viruses.\\nThis causes the entire molecule to fall apart or to change shape, which in turn causes a microorganism to die. To disinfect water, the following must be done:\\nAdd 2 drops of chlorine in 1 liter (0.3 US gal) of water. Stir the mixture well for at least 2 minutes. Wait for 30 minutes before using it.\\nHowever, this method does not give 100 percent efficiency, thus filtering or boiling should still be utilized.\\n3-3. Decontaminate water with a portable filtration device.\\nThese type of devices contain a pore size of less than 0.5 microns to filter viruses and bacteria. They work by trapping microorganisms in the filter so that the water passing through it is safe to drink.\\nPortable filtration devices should be used in combination with either the boiling method or chemical disinfectant. To use portable filtration devices, the following must be done:\\nFit your water filter onto the faucet. Most water filters are made according to universal measurements so that they can fit almost all faucets. Press firmly to ensure that it is tightly sealed. Open the faucet and let it flow for at least 5 minutes to remove any carbon dust.\\nPortable filtration devices should be changed every month to ensure that the water is properly filtered. Microorganisms accumulate in the filter as time passes by, that’s why it must be changed monthly.\\n3-4. Avoid eating street foods.\\nYou will never know how these foods are prepared and if they are safe enough to eat. They may contain harmful microorganisms such as those which cause stomach virus, especially if they are prepared using dirty hands and contaminated food ingredients.\\n3-5. Ensure proper waste management.\\nSpoiled foods must be properly disposed and trash cans should be kept sealed at all times to avoid attracting pests like rodents and cockroaches. Garbage also can be a place for microorganism to thrive in.\\n3-6. Increase your self-awareness.\\nAlways be updated with the latest news. A good understanding of current events can aid you make wise decisions regarding travelling or doing recreational activities in different places or countries.\\nFor example, if there is an outbreak of stomach virus or gastroenteritis in a certain place and you plan on going there, then it would be best to cancel your plan for your own safety.\\n4. Understanding Stomach Flu\\n4-1. Understand what causes stomach flu.\\nMost cases of gastroenteritis are linked with the invasion of infectious agents like bacteria and viruses. Bacterial or viral infection causes diarrhea and other symptoms by triggering the inflammation of gastrointestinal tissue.\\nThese agents tend to elevate the amount of fluid in the intestine and colon by altering the normal function of the gastrointestinal tract in absorbing water and by speeding up the motility of ingested food items which leads to diarrhea.\\nIt can also damage the intestinal cells either directly or indirectly through its secreted toxins.\\n4-2. Know which viruses can trigger gastroenteritis.\\nMany kinds of viruses can trigger gastroenteritis but the most frequent types are the following:\\nNorovirus (Norwalk-like virus). This is the most common type of virus that affects school age children. It may trigger epidemics in hospitals and cruise ships.\\nRotavirus. This is the usual cause of severe gastroenteritis among children but can also affect adults who made contact with those children carrying the virus. It may also infect those individuals living in nursing homes.\\nAstrovirus. This causes gastroenteritis, predominantly diarrhea in children under 5 years old and has been reported in adults.\\nEnteric adenovirus. This also causes gastroenteritis aside from respiratory infections.\\n4-3. Recognize the symptoms of stomach flu.\\nSigns and symptoms associated with gastroenteritis commonly appear within 4 to 48 hours following exposure to infectious agents or contact with contaminated food or water supply. Symptoms may include:\\nAbdominal pain.\\nChills, sweating and clammy skin.\\nDiarrhea.\\nFever.\\nJoint stiffness or muscle pain.\\nNausea and vomiting.\\nPoor feeding or loss of appetite.\\nWeight loss.\\n4-4. Understand the risk factors for stomach flu.\\nThe prevalence of gastroenteritis is globally-high as it is almost impossible to avoid exposure with any of the identified causes of the disease throughout your entire life. However, some individuals are more vulnerable to gastroenteritis, for example:\\n\\nIndividuals who are immunosuppressed. It may involve infants, children, adults and elderly as they may have underdeveloped or weakened immune system which puts them at greater risk of acquiring the disease. They also have the tendency to become dehydrated easily as compared to those with healthy and strong immune system.\\nIndividuals taking antibiotics. This drug can weaken the function of normal gastrointestinal microbes which makes it easier for the invasion of certain bacteria and viruses like Clostridium difficile that can cause disease.\\nIndividuals with poor hygiene. Proper maintenance of the body such as correct techniques in handwashing can help in preventing certain types of diseases like gastroenteritis.\\nIndividuals exposed to uncontaminated foods and drinks. Eating under cooked or unwashed food items or drinking from contaminated water sources such as rivers or streams could potentially put an individual at higher risk of developing gastroenteritis.\\n4-5. Be aware of how the virus is transmitted from person to person.\\nGastroenteritis can be transmitted through the following methods:\\n\\nDirect contact. An individual who touches a contaminated item such as feces and in turn touches another individual could directly transfer the viral or bacterial agents causing gastroenteritis.\\nIndirect contact. An individual carrying the bacterial or viral agent touches a certain object and another individual touches the same object previously handled by the carrier and then suddenly places his/her already contaminated hands into their mouth could indirectly transfer the infection.\\nContaminated foods and drinks. These items could potentially harbor the causative agents of gastroenteritis and if ingested accidentally could lead to the outbreak of the disease.\\nWarnings\\nThis is a very contagious disease and it can spread easily. It is very important that a person who is contaminated with the virus is isolated. Even objects used by the contaminated person should be separated and not used to prevent the infection to spread.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Noroviruses are a group of viruses that cause the stomach flu, which is also known as gastroenteritis. This illness is usually characterized by nausea, vomiting, stomach ache and diarrhea. These principal symptoms may also include additional symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle ache and fatigue. Sudden onset of the symptoms may be felt 24 to 48 hours after being contaminated with the virus. People who have been exposed to the stomach flu virus should take special precautions to try to avoid becoming ill, however there is no surefire way to prevent infection.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Boosting Your Immune System\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Increase your intake of vitamin C.\", \"描述\": \"Since viruses enter the body when the immune system is weak, you should take steps to strengthen your immune system so that the body does not become vulnerable. One easy way to do this is to increase your intake of vitamin C.\\nVitamin C is available in tablet, capsule, effervescent and syrup form. You should take 500 mg of vitamin C every day to boost your immune system and protect the body against immune system deficiencies.\\nVitamin C can also come from other foods and beverages such as cantaloupe, orange juice, broccoli, red cabbage, green pepper, red pepper, kiwi and tomato juice.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Eat probiotic yogurt.\", \"描述\": \"Studies have shown that eating probiotic yogurt can help to prevent the recurrence of stomach flu. Having a cup of yogurt a day can keep your stomach healthy.\\nYogurt contains good bacteria known as probiotics. These good bacteria combat bad bacteria in the stomach. Yogurt also helps to repopulate the good bacteria in the stomach.\\nYogurt is produced by adding bacteria cultures to milk. When this is done it transforms the milk’s sugar into lactic acid.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stay hydrated.\", \"描述\": \"Another way to strengthen the immune system is by drinking sufficient amounts of water.\\nIt is recommended that a person drinks at least 8 glasses of water every day, as water helps to cleanse and hydrate the body which is good for the immune system.\\nThese 8 glasses of water should not include other liquids such as coffee, soda, alcohol or tea.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Eat more mushrooms.\", \"描述\": \"Mushrooms are also known to strengthen the immune system, as mushrooms increase the number of white blood cells in the body. These white blood cells fight against the microbes that cause infection.\\nThere are many different types of mushrooms that can be used. Shitake, maitake and reishi are among the most popular mushroom types that have a positive effect on the immune system.\\nEating at least ¼ ounce to 1 ounce of mushrooms a day can strengthen the immune system. You can prepare the mushrooms by adding them to a pasta sauce or sautéing them in oil.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Eat foods rich in carotenoids.\", \"描述\": \"Carotenoids (which are a derivative of vitamin A) enhance the activity of immune system’s cell and improve cell-to-cell communication to easily identify foreign bodies. They also induce apoptosis (also known as cell suicide) in these foreign bodies.\\nFoods rich in carotenoids are carrots, sweet potatoes, tomato, pumpkin, cantaloupe, apricots, spinach and broccoli.\\nThe recommended daily intake of vitamin A should be: 0.9 milligrams daily for men and 0.7 milligrams daily for women.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Consume more garlic.\", \"描述\": \"Garlic has the ability to stimulate the body’s immune system by stimulating the activity of white blood cells called macrophages which engulf foreign bodies, such as virus cells associated with the stomach flu. For immune-boosting effects, eat a clove of garlic every 4 hours.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Drink aloe vera juice.\", \"描述\": \"Aloe vera contains certain chemicals that can boost the function of the immune system.\\nThe substance lectin in aloe vera stimulates the production of macrophages – the cells responsible for fighting foreign bodies by ingesting them. This can help eradicate the stomach virus inside the body.\\nAloe vera is available in the form of juice which you can drink. 50 ml of aloe vera juice per day is recommended.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Drink black tea.\", \"描述\": \"Studies have also shown that drinking of 3 tp 5 cups of black tea a day over a two week period can help the body fight off any virus in the blood.\\nL-theanine is a component in green and black tea which is known to boost the immune system.\\nFor the tea to be more effective, bob the tea bags up and down while brewing.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Drink apple-cider vinegar.\", \"描述\": \"Apple cider vinegar works by changing the pH in the intestinal tract into an alkaline environment. This is effective because intestinal viruses do not thrive in an alkaline environment, they prefer an acidic state.\\nMix two teaspoons of apple cider vinegar into a glass of water and drink daily.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Practicing Good Hygiene\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand the importance of good hygiene in preventing infection.\", \"描述\": \"Hygiene is of utmost importance when it comes to staying healthy. This does not only apply to stomach flu but also other diseases. Hygiene is the body's best defense from illness.\\nThe most important precaution you can take against illness and contamination is hand washing, as your hands are the most likely body parts to come in contact with a norovirus infected surface.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn the correct hand-washing technique.\", \"描述\": \"Washing your hands using the correct technique is essential in killing any microbes that may be present. In order for the hand-washing to be effective, you must use the following technique:\\nFirst wet your hands and apply an anti-microbial soap. Rub your palms together. Continue to rub the palms then rub the back of each hand. Then, rub between the fingers on each hand and the fingers themselves. Finally, clean your wrists.\\nWash your hands for at least 20 seconds. If you cannot estimate the time you are rubbing your hands, sing the Happy Birthday song twice. Then rinse your hands starting from the tips of the fingers to the wrists. Pat hands dry with a clean cloth.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know when it is important to wash your hands.\", \"描述\": \"You should wash your hands:\\nBefore and after preparing food, before eating food, before and after taking care of a sick person, before and after touching any type of wound, after touching any dirty surface or things, after sneezing, coughing or blowing your nose and after touching pets.\\nIf hand washing cannot be done, using hand sanitizer is the next best option. Place a generous amount of sanitizer in your hands and rub your hands together to evenly distribute the gel over all surfaces of your hands.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Clean your house thoroughly.\", \"描述\": \"Different parts of your house along with the cleaning equipment you use in everyday living often contain unseen microorganisms, which could lead to stomach virus. To clean the house, the following must be done:\\n\\nCloths and sponges. As much as possible, use disposable cloths or paper towels. Reusable cloth or sponges should be disinfected in a bleach solution after use. Soak cloths and sponges in a bucket of bleach solutions for at least 15 minutes, then rinse thoroughly.\\nMops and buckets. These are considered two of the dirtiest tools used in homes as they always come in contact with the floor. Use two buckets when mopping. One for the detergent and one for rinsing. To disinfect a mop: Remove the mop’s head if detachable. Add ¼ cup of antimicrobial solution in a pail of water and mix well. Soak the mop’s head for at least 5 minutes. Rinse thoroughly, then leave to dry.\\nFloors: Floors are the dirtiest part of the house because they are stepped on everyday. Use a mop soaked in an antimicrobial solution (¼ cup of antimicrobial solution mixed with a pail of water) to clean the floor. Make sure the floor is always dry as microorganisms thrive in damp conditions.\\nSinks and lavatories: Always flush the toilet after each use and use antibacterial or antimicrobial disinfectants (¼ cup of antimicrobial solution mixed with a bucket of water) to clean both sinks and toilets at least every other day.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Preventing Stomach Flu\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid drinking contaminated water.\", \"描述\": \"It is vital to check if the source of water is clean and not contaminated by harmful microorganisms. Contaminated water is one of the ways in which a stomach virus can be transmitted.\\nThere are several ways to decontaminate water, the easiest of which is boiling. Water should be brought to a boiling point for at least 15 minutes before removing it from the heat. This ensures that microorganisms in the water are killed.\\nAlternatively, if you find yourself in a location where you are unsure about water safety, you could stick to drinking bottled water. However, the seal on each bottle must be checked for any signs of tampering to ensure water safety.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use chemical disinfectants.\", \"描述\": \"Substances like chlorine and iodine are dissolved in water to kill microorganisms. These chemical disinfectants work by breaking the chemical bonds in the molecules of bacteria and viruses.\\nThis causes the entire molecule to fall apart or to change shape, which in turn causes a microorganism to die. To disinfect water, the following must be done:\\nAdd 2 drops of chlorine in 1 liter (0.3 US gal) of water. Stir the mixture well for at least 2 minutes. Wait for 30 minutes before using it.\\nHowever, this method does not give 100 percent efficiency, thus filtering or boiling should still be utilized.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Decontaminate water with a portable filtration device.\", \"描述\": \"These type of devices contain a pore size of less than 0.5 microns to filter viruses and bacteria. They work by trapping microorganisms in the filter so that the water passing through it is safe to drink.\\nPortable filtration devices should be used in combination with either the boiling method or chemical disinfectant. To use portable filtration devices, the following must be done:\\nFit your water filter onto the faucet. Most water filters are made according to universal measurements so that they can fit almost all faucets. Press firmly to ensure that it is tightly sealed. Open the faucet and let it flow for at least 5 minutes to remove any carbon dust.\\nPortable filtration devices should be changed every month to ensure that the water is properly filtered. Microorganisms accumulate in the filter as time passes by, that’s why it must be changed monthly.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid eating street foods.\", \"描述\": \"You will never know how these foods are prepared and if they are safe enough to eat. They may contain harmful microorganisms such as those which cause stomach virus, especially if they are prepared using dirty hands and contaminated food ingredients.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Ensure proper waste management.\", \"描述\": \"Spoiled foods must be properly disposed and trash cans should be kept sealed at all times to avoid attracting pests like rodents and cockroaches. Garbage also can be a place for microorganism to thrive in.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Increase your self-awareness.\", \"描述\": \"Always be updated with the latest news. A good understanding of current events can aid you make wise decisions regarding travelling or doing recreational activities in different places or countries.\\nFor example, if there is an outbreak of stomach virus or gastroenteritis in a certain place and you plan on going there, then it would be best to cancel your plan for your own safety.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Understanding Stomach Flu\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand what causes stomach flu.\", \"描述\": \"Most cases of gastroenteritis are linked with the invasion of infectious agents like bacteria and viruses. Bacterial or viral infection causes diarrhea and other symptoms by triggering the inflammation of gastrointestinal tissue.\\nThese agents tend to elevate the amount of fluid in the intestine and colon by altering the normal function of the gastrointestinal tract in absorbing water and by speeding up the motility of ingested food items which leads to diarrhea.\\nIt can also damage the intestinal cells either directly or indirectly through its secreted toxins.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know which viruses can trigger gastroenteritis.\", \"描述\": \"Many kinds of viruses can trigger gastroenteritis but the most frequent types are the following:\\nNorovirus (Norwalk-like virus). This is the most common type of virus that affects school age children. It may trigger epidemics in hospitals and cruise ships.\\nRotavirus. This is the usual cause of severe gastroenteritis among children but can also affect adults who made contact with those children carrying the virus. It may also infect those individuals living in nursing homes.\\nAstrovirus. This causes gastroenteritis, predominantly diarrhea in children under 5 years old and has been reported in adults.\\nEnteric adenovirus. This also causes gastroenteritis aside from respiratory infections.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Recognize the symptoms of stomach flu.\", \"描述\": \"Signs and symptoms associated with gastroenteritis commonly appear within 4 to 48 hours following exposure to infectious agents or contact with contaminated food or water supply. Symptoms may include:\\nAbdominal pain.\\nChills, sweating and clammy skin.\\nDiarrhea.\\nFever.\\nJoint stiffness or muscle pain.\\nNausea and vomiting.\\nPoor feeding or loss of appetite.\\nWeight loss.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Understand the risk factors for stomach flu.\", \"描述\": \"The prevalence of gastroenteritis is globally-high as it is almost impossible to avoid exposure with any of the identified causes of the disease throughout your entire life. However, some individuals are more vulnerable to gastroenteritis, for example:\\n\\nIndividuals who are immunosuppressed. It may involve infants, children, adults and elderly as they may have underdeveloped or weakened immune system which puts them at greater risk of acquiring the disease. They also have the tendency to become dehydrated easily as compared to those with healthy and strong immune system.\\nIndividuals taking antibiotics. This drug can weaken the function of normal gastrointestinal microbes which makes it easier for the invasion of certain bacteria and viruses like Clostridium difficile that can cause disease.\\nIndividuals with poor hygiene. Proper maintenance of the body such as correct techniques in handwashing can help in preventing certain types of diseases like gastroenteritis.\\nIndividuals exposed to uncontaminated foods and drinks. Eating under cooked or unwashed food items or drinking from contaminated water sources such as rivers or streams could potentially put an individual at higher risk of developing gastroenteritis.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be aware of how the virus is transmitted from person to person.\", \"描述\": \"Gastroenteritis can be transmitted through the following methods:\\n\\nDirect contact. An individual who touches a contaminated item such as feces and in turn touches another individual could directly transfer the viral or bacterial agents causing gastroenteritis.\\nIndirect contact. An individual carrying the bacterial or viral agent touches a certain object and another individual touches the same object previously handled by the carrier and then suddenly places his/her already contaminated hands into their mouth could indirectly transfer the infection.\\nContaminated foods and drinks. These items could potentially harbor the causative agents of gastroenteritis and if ingested accidentally could lead to the outbreak of the disease.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"This is a very contagious disease and it can spread easily. It is very important that a person who is contaminated with the virus is isolated. Even objects used by the contaminated person should be separated and not used to prevent the infection to spread.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,267 | How to Avoid a Teenage Pregnancy | 1. Birth Control
1-1. Use condoms for reliable, inexpensive birth control.
If you're having heterosexual sex, condoms are one of the easiest to use birth control options. Remove the condom from the wrapper and roll the condom onto the erect penis. Make sure that the rim of the condom is on the outside, so that it will roll on more easily. Condoms last a long time, but they do expire. Check the date before using one.
You can buy condoms at any drugstore, and you can also get them for free at many schools and health centers.
You and your partner should both be comfortable putting on the condom.
Try the female condom. These condoms go inside the vagina and are used to prevent pregnancy. Follow the directions on the package.
Both male and female condoms also protect you from STIs (also known as STDs).
1-2. Go on the pill for effective birth control.
Oral contraceptives are commonly known as the “pill.” You'll need a prescription from your doctor for this method. The hormones in this pill prevent ovulation, which means that there will be no egg for the sperm to fertilize. The pill is 91% effective at preventing pregnancy, but it does not protect against STIs.
Talk to your doctor about possible side effects, such as weight gain or spotting and bleeding between periods. You might also suffer from mood swings or depression.
The pill is most effective when taken at the same time each day. Set a reminder on your phone to help you remember to take the pill.
You have to take the pill daily because it is out of your system after a day.
You do not need a post-pill washout or anything like that. Once done, your period should come.
If your periods are irregular after stopping the pill, see a doctor and get your fertility levels checked.
Costs will depend on your insurance. The bill can be free, but can also cost up to $50 per month.
1-3. Try an IUD for long-lasting birth control.
An IUD is a small device that is implanted in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. At 99%, the IUD is one of the most effective forms of birth control. A medical professional will insert the IUD. While it can be removed at any time, it can remain in the uterus and be effective for up to twelve years.
There are two different kinds of IUDs: copper and hormonal. Ask your doctor about which one is right for you.
One of the great things about copper IUDs is that they can be used as emergency contraception. If you have one inserted within five days after having intercourse, it can prevent pregnancy.
Side effects can include cramping and irregular periods. These usually go away after three to six months.
It can be free, but could cost up to $1,000. Costs of birth control depend on your individual provider and your insurance plan.
1-4. Consider an implant for worry-free birth control.
There are several other kinds of hormonal birth control. One option is an implant, which a medical professional will place in your upper arm. It is a small rod that will protect you from pregnancy for up to four years..
The implant is 99% effective at preventing pregnancy, but it doesn't protect against STIs.
The implant is great because you can't misuse it. You can't forget to take it or use it incorrectly!
The implant can cost between $0 and $850. Talk to your provider about costs.
1-5. Try the patch for easy to use birth control.
You can also ask your doctor about the transdermal patch. You wear the small patch on your upper arm, stomach, back, or butt, and you put a new one on each week. Every three weeks, you take a week off from wearing it, then replace it with a new patch.
The patch is 91% effective, but it does not protect against STIs.
Your prescription could cost between $0 and $80 a month.
1-6. Get the shot if you don't want to worry about birth control every day.
If you don't want to remember to change your patch or take a pill, the shot might be a good option. Every three months, your doctor will give you a shot that will prevent ovulation so that you will not get pregnant.
The shot is 94% effective, but it does not protect against STIs.
It will cost between $0 and $100 each time you visit your doctor for the shot.
1-7. Learn about Plan B for emergency contraception.
You can also prevent pregnancy with emergency contraception. Plan B One Step is a pill that can be taken to prevent pregnancy after having unprotected sex. If you're over 15, you can purchase this over the counter at most drug stores. You will need to show ID, such as your driver's license, as proof of age.
This is not intended to be a regular birth control method. You should still choose another method of birth control to use on a regular basis.
It usually costs between $40 and $50.
1-8. Consider abstinence for the most effective method.
The best way to prevent pregnancy is to not have sex. Abstinence means abstaining from intercourse. Some people feel that being abstinent also includes not engaging in oral sex, but be aware that oral sex does not lead to pregnancy. Not having any type of sex will also protect you from STIs.
2. Getting Informed
2-1. Visit your doctor.
In addition to using birth control, you can help avoid a teen pregnancy by learning as much as you can about safe sex. Your doctor is a great place to start gathering information. If you are considering starting a sexual relationship, ask your doctor about the best birth control method for you and your partner.
Ask questions such as, “What do you recommend as the best method to prevent pregnancy?” and “How can I keep from getting an STI?”
Be completely honest with your doctor about your sexual history. They won't judge you.
Females might want to visit an OB/GYN for a more specialized consultation.
Your doctor will be able to recommend a birth control method, but ultimately the decision is up to you.
2-2. Know the myths.
There are many myths about sex that you might have heard. Educate yourself so that you know what is true and what's not. If you've heard some myths, ask your doctor whether or not they are true.
Some common myths include the idea that a someone can't get pregnant if they are having their period or if it is their first time having intercourse. These are not true.
2-3. Read reliable sources.
Get your information from credible organizations such as Planned Parenthood or the health center at your school or workplace. You can tell if information is reliable if it uses sources (such as doctors or medical journals) and is written by a professional, such as a doctor or nurse.
Visit your local or school library. The librarian can direct you towards some good sources on safe sex.
You could also track down books like: Safe Sex 101: An Overview for Teens by Margaret O'Hyde or Sex: A Book for Teens: An Uncensored Guide to Your Body, Sex, and Safety by Nikol Hasler.
2-4. Communicate with your partner.
If you are having sex or thinking about it, make sure that you and your partner are practicing healthy communication. Talk to one another about what type of birth control you'll use and what you would do if a pregnancy did occur. Make sure you are open and honest with one another. Don't be afraid to voice any concerns you might have.
You could say something like, "We've been talking a lot about having sex. I wanted to know how you would react if I accidentally became pregnant."
Remember, it is your choice how to use your body. Don't let someone pressure you into having sex.
3. Helping Your Teen Avoid Pregnancy
3-1. Examine your own values and attitudes about sex.
Don't avoid the subject. Before you have the talk, take some time to think about where you stand on the issues. For example, ask yourself if you are comfortable with teens having sex. If not, think about how you will encourage abstinence. You can also think about whether or not you believe in birth control for teens.
3-2. Encourage open communication.
Let your teen know that you are happy to talk to them about sex. In fact, you can even initiate a conversation. You could say something like, “Lauren, since you're heading to college, I wanted to talk about ways to practice safe sex. Is now a good time?” You want your teen to know that they can come to you for help and support.
3-3. Answer questions honestly.
In order for communication to work, you need to be honest. That doesn't mean that you have to reveal your entire sexual history to your teen. It just means that you should be prepared to answer questions like, “Did you wait until you were married to have sex?” If you're honest, you're providing your teen with helpful information that can help them make good choices.
Your teen might also ask things like, "What should I do if I'm feeling pressured to have sex?" or "Can I get pregnant from oral sex?"
3-4. Emphasize education.
Your teen might not feel comfortable talking to you about sex. That's normal! Just make sure that you encourage them to get educated about safe sex. If there is an optional sex ed class at their school, encourage them to sign up. If their school doesn't offer that, check with your local community center or hospital. They might have some community classes.
You might also need some more information yourself. You want to be informed when you answer questions. Check out Planned Parenthood's site, or ask your doctor for some current literature. And don't hesitate to head to the local library!
3-5. Monitor your teen's relationships.
Make a point to know who is in your teen's life. If they are dating, ask them to introduce you to their partner. You can also ask your teen questions like, “You and Katie seem to be getting serious. Have you two talked about sex?” If you have any concerns about the relationship, talk to the teen about them.
Try not to be judgmental. You don't want your teen to feel embarrassed to talk to you. For example, don't say, "Oh, you're not really in love. You're just a kid!"
Share concerns instead of judgments. Say, "It worries me that Tom seems a little controlling. How do you feel?" instead of "I hate Tom."
Tips
Don't be afraid to talk about sex.
Take time to figure out the best birth control option.
Make sure to ask questions if you're not sure about how something works.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:38",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Birth Control\\n1-1. Use condoms for reliable, inexpensive birth control.\\nIf you're having heterosexual sex, condoms are one of the easiest to use birth control options. Remove the condom from the wrapper and roll the condom onto the erect penis. Make sure that the rim of the condom is on the outside, so that it will roll on more easily. Condoms last a long time, but they do expire. Check the date before using one.\\nYou can buy condoms at any drugstore, and you can also get them for free at many schools and health centers.\\nYou and your partner should both be comfortable putting on the condom.\\nTry the female condom. These condoms go inside the vagina and are used to prevent pregnancy. Follow the directions on the package.\\nBoth male and female condoms also protect you from STIs (also known as STDs).\\n1-2. Go on the pill for effective birth control.\\nOral contraceptives are commonly known as the “pill.” You'll need a prescription from your doctor for this method. The hormones in this pill prevent ovulation, which means that there will be no egg for the sperm to fertilize. The pill is 91% effective at preventing pregnancy, but it does not protect against STIs.\\nTalk to your doctor about possible side effects, such as weight gain or spotting and bleeding between periods. You might also suffer from mood swings or depression.\\nThe pill is most effective when taken at the same time each day. Set a reminder on your phone to help you remember to take the pill.\\nYou have to take the pill daily because it is out of your system after a day.\\nYou do not need a post-pill washout or anything like that. Once done, your period should come.\\nIf your periods are irregular after stopping the pill, see a doctor and get your fertility levels checked.\\nCosts will depend on your insurance. The bill can be free, but can also cost up to $50 per month.\\n1-3. Try an IUD for long-lasting birth control.\\nAn IUD is a small device that is implanted in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. At 99%, the IUD is one of the most effective forms of birth control. A medical professional will insert the IUD. While it can be removed at any time, it can remain in the uterus and be effective for up to twelve years.\\nThere are two different kinds of IUDs: copper and hormonal. Ask your doctor about which one is right for you.\\nOne of the great things about copper IUDs is that they can be used as emergency contraception. If you have one inserted within five days after having intercourse, it can prevent pregnancy.\\nSide effects can include cramping and irregular periods. These usually go away after three to six months.\\nIt can be free, but could cost up to $1,000. Costs of birth control depend on your individual provider and your insurance plan.\\n1-4. Consider an implant for worry-free birth control.\\nThere are several other kinds of hormonal birth control. One option is an implant, which a medical professional will place in your upper arm. It is a small rod that will protect you from pregnancy for up to four years..\\nThe implant is 99% effective at preventing pregnancy, but it doesn't protect against STIs.\\nThe implant is great because you can't misuse it. You can't forget to take it or use it incorrectly!\\nThe implant can cost between $0 and $850. Talk to your provider about costs.\\n1-5. Try the patch for easy to use birth control.\\nYou can also ask your doctor about the transdermal patch. You wear the small patch on your upper arm, stomach, back, or butt, and you put a new one on each week. Every three weeks, you take a week off from wearing it, then replace it with a new patch.\\nThe patch is 91% effective, but it does not protect against STIs.\\nYour prescription could cost between $0 and $80 a month.\\n1-6. Get the shot if you don't want to worry about birth control every day.\\nIf you don't want to remember to change your patch or take a pill, the shot might be a good option. Every three months, your doctor will give you a shot that will prevent ovulation so that you will not get pregnant. \\nThe shot is 94% effective, but it does not protect against STIs.\\nIt will cost between $0 and $100 each time you visit your doctor for the shot.\\n1-7. Learn about Plan B for emergency contraception.\\nYou can also prevent pregnancy with emergency contraception. Plan B One Step is a pill that can be taken to prevent pregnancy after having unprotected sex. If you're over 15, you can purchase this over the counter at most drug stores. You will need to show ID, such as your driver's license, as proof of age.\\nThis is not intended to be a regular birth control method. You should still choose another method of birth control to use on a regular basis.\\nIt usually costs between $40 and $50.\\n1-8. Consider abstinence for the most effective method.\\nThe best way to prevent pregnancy is to not have sex. Abstinence means abstaining from intercourse. Some people feel that being abstinent also includes not engaging in oral sex, but be aware that oral sex does not lead to pregnancy. Not having any type of sex will also protect you from STIs.\\n2. Getting Informed\\n2-1. Visit your doctor.\\nIn addition to using birth control, you can help avoid a teen pregnancy by learning as much as you can about safe sex. Your doctor is a great place to start gathering information. If you are considering starting a sexual relationship, ask your doctor about the best birth control method for you and your partner.\\nAsk questions such as, “What do you recommend as the best method to prevent pregnancy?” and “How can I keep from getting an STI?”\\nBe completely honest with your doctor about your sexual history. They won't judge you.\\nFemales might want to visit an OB/GYN for a more specialized consultation.\\nYour doctor will be able to recommend a birth control method, but ultimately the decision is up to you.\\n2-2. Know the myths.\\nThere are many myths about sex that you might have heard. Educate yourself so that you know what is true and what's not. If you've heard some myths, ask your doctor whether or not they are true.\\nSome common myths include the idea that a someone can't get pregnant if they are having their period or if it is their first time having intercourse. These are not true.\\n2-3. Read reliable sources.\\nGet your information from credible organizations such as Planned Parenthood or the health center at your school or workplace. You can tell if information is reliable if it uses sources (such as doctors or medical journals) and is written by a professional, such as a doctor or nurse.\\nVisit your local or school library. The librarian can direct you towards some good sources on safe sex.\\nYou could also track down books like: Safe Sex 101: An Overview for Teens by Margaret O'Hyde or Sex: A Book for Teens: An Uncensored Guide to Your Body, Sex, and Safety by Nikol Hasler.\\n2-4. Communicate with your partner.\\nIf you are having sex or thinking about it, make sure that you and your partner are practicing healthy communication. Talk to one another about what type of birth control you'll use and what you would do if a pregnancy did occur. Make sure you are open and honest with one another. Don't be afraid to voice any concerns you might have.\\nYou could say something like, \\\"We've been talking a lot about having sex. I wanted to know how you would react if I accidentally became pregnant.\\\"\\nRemember, it is your choice how to use your body. Don't let someone pressure you into having sex.\\n3. Helping Your Teen Avoid Pregnancy\\n3-1. Examine your own values and attitudes about sex.\\nDon't avoid the subject. Before you have the talk, take some time to think about where you stand on the issues. For example, ask yourself if you are comfortable with teens having sex. If not, think about how you will encourage abstinence. You can also think about whether or not you believe in birth control for teens.\\n3-2. Encourage open communication.\\nLet your teen know that you are happy to talk to them about sex. In fact, you can even initiate a conversation. You could say something like, “Lauren, since you're heading to college, I wanted to talk about ways to practice safe sex. Is now a good time?” You want your teen to know that they can come to you for help and support.\\n3-3. Answer questions honestly.\\nIn order for communication to work, you need to be honest. That doesn't mean that you have to reveal your entire sexual history to your teen. It just means that you should be prepared to answer questions like, “Did you wait until you were married to have sex?” If you're honest, you're providing your teen with helpful information that can help them make good choices.\\nYour teen might also ask things like, \\\"What should I do if I'm feeling pressured to have sex?\\\" or \\\"Can I get pregnant from oral sex?\\\"\\n3-4. Emphasize education.\\nYour teen might not feel comfortable talking to you about sex. That's normal! Just make sure that you encourage them to get educated about safe sex. If there is an optional sex ed class at their school, encourage them to sign up. If their school doesn't offer that, check with your local community center or hospital. They might have some community classes.\\nYou might also need some more information yourself. You want to be informed when you answer questions. Check out Planned Parenthood's site, or ask your doctor for some current literature. And don't hesitate to head to the local library!\\n3-5. Monitor your teen's relationships.\\nMake a point to know who is in your teen's life. If they are dating, ask them to introduce you to their partner. You can also ask your teen questions like, “You and Katie seem to be getting serious. Have you two talked about sex?” If you have any concerns about the relationship, talk to the teen about them.\\nTry not to be judgmental. You don't want your teen to feel embarrassed to talk to you. For example, don't say, \\\"Oh, you're not really in love. You're just a kid!\\\"\\nShare concerns instead of judgments. Say, \\\"It worries me that Tom seems a little controlling. How do you feel?\\\" instead of \\\"I hate Tom.\\\"\\nTips\\nDon't be afraid to talk about sex.\\nTake time to figure out the best birth control option.\\nMake sure to ask questions if you're not sure about how something works.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Being a teenager can be pretty tough. You're experiencing a lot of changes and figuring out who you want to be. A baby can make the teen years even more complicated. Chances are, you'd like to wait until you are an independent adult to become a parent. By practicing safe sex, being informed, and having a good support system, you can avoid becoming a teen parent. Knowing the facts about safe sex is the most important thing you can do for yourself. If you're an adult, you can also take steps to help the teen in your life avoid becoming pregnant.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Birth Control\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use condoms for reliable, inexpensive birth control.\", \"描述\": \"If you're having heterosexual sex, condoms are one of the easiest to use birth control options. Remove the condom from the wrapper and roll the condom onto the erect penis. Make sure that the rim of the condom is on the outside, so that it will roll on more easily. Condoms last a long time, but they do expire. Check the date before using one.\\nYou can buy condoms at any drugstore, and you can also get them for free at many schools and health centers.\\nYou and your partner should both be comfortable putting on the condom.\\nTry the female condom. These condoms go inside the vagina and are used to prevent pregnancy. Follow the directions on the package.\\nBoth male and female condoms also protect you from STIs (also known as STDs).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go on the pill for effective birth control.\", \"描述\": \"Oral contraceptives are commonly known as the “pill.” You'll need a prescription from your doctor for this method. The hormones in this pill prevent ovulation, which means that there will be no egg for the sperm to fertilize. The pill is 91% effective at preventing pregnancy, but it does not protect against STIs.\\nTalk to your doctor about possible side effects, such as weight gain or spotting and bleeding between periods. You might also suffer from mood swings or depression.\\nThe pill is most effective when taken at the same time each day. Set a reminder on your phone to help you remember to take the pill.\\nYou have to take the pill daily because it is out of your system after a day.\\nYou do not need a post-pill washout or anything like that. Once done, your period should come.\\nIf your periods are irregular after stopping the pill, see a doctor and get your fertility levels checked.\\nCosts will depend on your insurance. The bill can be free, but can also cost up to $50 per month.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Try an IUD for long-lasting birth control.\", \"描述\": \"An IUD is a small device that is implanted in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. At 99%, the IUD is one of the most effective forms of birth control. A medical professional will insert the IUD. While it can be removed at any time, it can remain in the uterus and be effective for up to twelve years.\\nThere are two different kinds of IUDs: copper and hormonal. Ask your doctor about which one is right for you.\\nOne of the great things about copper IUDs is that they can be used as emergency contraception. If you have one inserted within five days after having intercourse, it can prevent pregnancy.\\nSide effects can include cramping and irregular periods. These usually go away after three to six months.\\nIt can be free, but could cost up to $1,000. Costs of birth control depend on your individual provider and your insurance plan.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider an implant for worry-free birth control.\", \"描述\": \"There are several other kinds of hormonal birth control. One option is an implant, which a medical professional will place in your upper arm. It is a small rod that will protect you from pregnancy for up to four years..\\nThe implant is 99% effective at preventing pregnancy, but it doesn't protect against STIs.\\nThe implant is great because you can't misuse it. You can't forget to take it or use it incorrectly!\\nThe implant can cost between $0 and $850. Talk to your provider about costs.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Try the patch for easy to use birth control.\", \"描述\": \"You can also ask your doctor about the transdermal patch. You wear the small patch on your upper arm, stomach, back, or butt, and you put a new one on each week. Every three weeks, you take a week off from wearing it, then replace it with a new patch.\\nThe patch is 91% effective, but it does not protect against STIs.\\nYour prescription could cost between $0 and $80 a month.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Get the shot if you don't want to worry about birth control every day.\", \"描述\": \"If you don't want to remember to change your patch or take a pill, the shot might be a good option. Every three months, your doctor will give you a shot that will prevent ovulation so that you will not get pregnant. \\nThe shot is 94% effective, but it does not protect against STIs.\\nIt will cost between $0 and $100 each time you visit your doctor for the shot.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Learn about Plan B for emergency contraception.\", \"描述\": \"You can also prevent pregnancy with emergency contraception. Plan B One Step is a pill that can be taken to prevent pregnancy after having unprotected sex. If you're over 15, you can purchase this over the counter at most drug stores. You will need to show ID, such as your driver's license, as proof of age.\\nThis is not intended to be a regular birth control method. You should still choose another method of birth control to use on a regular basis.\\nIt usually costs between $40 and $50.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Consider abstinence for the most effective method.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to prevent pregnancy is to not have sex. Abstinence means abstaining from intercourse. Some people feel that being abstinent also includes not engaging in oral sex, but be aware that oral sex does not lead to pregnancy. Not having any type of sex will also protect you from STIs.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Getting Informed\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Visit your doctor.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to using birth control, you can help avoid a teen pregnancy by learning as much as you can about safe sex. Your doctor is a great place to start gathering information. If you are considering starting a sexual relationship, ask your doctor about the best birth control method for you and your partner.\\nAsk questions such as, “What do you recommend as the best method to prevent pregnancy?” and “How can I keep from getting an STI?”\\nBe completely honest with your doctor about your sexual history. They won't judge you.\\nFemales might want to visit an OB/GYN for a more specialized consultation.\\nYour doctor will be able to recommend a birth control method, but ultimately the decision is up to you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Know the myths.\", \"描述\": \"There are many myths about sex that you might have heard. Educate yourself so that you know what is true and what's not. If you've heard some myths, ask your doctor whether or not they are true.\\nSome common myths include the idea that a someone can't get pregnant if they are having their period or if it is their first time having intercourse. These are not true.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read reliable sources.\", \"描述\": \"Get your information from credible organizations such as Planned Parenthood or the health center at your school or workplace. You can tell if information is reliable if it uses sources (such as doctors or medical journals) and is written by a professional, such as a doctor or nurse.\\nVisit your local or school library. The librarian can direct you towards some good sources on safe sex.\\nYou could also track down books like: Safe Sex 101: An Overview for Teens by Margaret O'Hyde or Sex: A Book for Teens: An Uncensored Guide to Your Body, Sex, and Safety by Nikol Hasler.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Communicate with your partner.\", \"描述\": \"If you are having sex or thinking about it, make sure that you and your partner are practicing healthy communication. Talk to one another about what type of birth control you'll use and what you would do if a pregnancy did occur. Make sure you are open and honest with one another. Don't be afraid to voice any concerns you might have.\\nYou could say something like, \\\"We've been talking a lot about having sex. I wanted to know how you would react if I accidentally became pregnant.\\\"\\nRemember, it is your choice how to use your body. Don't let someone pressure you into having sex.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Helping Your Teen Avoid Pregnancy\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Examine your own values and attitudes about sex.\", \"描述\": \"Don't avoid the subject. Before you have the talk, take some time to think about where you stand on the issues. For example, ask yourself if you are comfortable with teens having sex. If not, think about how you will encourage abstinence. You can also think about whether or not you believe in birth control for teens.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Encourage open communication.\", \"描述\": \"Let your teen know that you are happy to talk to them about sex. In fact, you can even initiate a conversation. You could say something like, “Lauren, since you're heading to college, I wanted to talk about ways to practice safe sex. Is now a good time?” You want your teen to know that they can come to you for help and support.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Answer questions honestly.\", \"描述\": \"In order for communication to work, you need to be honest. That doesn't mean that you have to reveal your entire sexual history to your teen. It just means that you should be prepared to answer questions like, “Did you wait until you were married to have sex?” If you're honest, you're providing your teen with helpful information that can help them make good choices.\\nYour teen might also ask things like, \\\"What should I do if I'm feeling pressured to have sex?\\\" or \\\"Can I get pregnant from oral sex?\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Emphasize education.\", \"描述\": \"Your teen might not feel comfortable talking to you about sex. That's normal! Just make sure that you encourage them to get educated about safe sex. If there is an optional sex ed class at their school, encourage them to sign up. If their school doesn't offer that, check with your local community center or hospital. They might have some community classes.\\nYou might also need some more information yourself. You want to be informed when you answer questions. Check out Planned Parenthood's site, or ask your doctor for some current literature. And don't hesitate to head to the local library!\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Monitor your teen's relationships.\", \"描述\": \"Make a point to know who is in your teen's life. If they are dating, ask them to introduce you to their partner. You can also ask your teen questions like, “You and Katie seem to be getting serious. Have you two talked about sex?” If you have any concerns about the relationship, talk to the teen about them.\\nTry not to be judgmental. You don't want your teen to feel embarrassed to talk to you. For example, don't say, \\\"Oh, you're not really in love. You're just a kid!\\\"\\nShare concerns instead of judgments. Say, \\\"It worries me that Tom seems a little controlling. How do you feel?\\\" instead of \\\"I hate Tom.\\\"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Don't be afraid to talk about sex.\\n\", \"Take time to figure out the best birth control option.\\n\", \"Make sure to ask questions if you're not sure about how something works.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,268 | How to Avoid a Traffic Ticket | 1. Drive Safely
1-1. Obey the rules of the road.
Don't break traffic laws, and you won't get ticketed. Ignorance is no excuse. Traffic laws also vary from state to state and even from town to town, so do some research if you're driving away from home.
1-2. Practice defensive driving.
Aggressive or erratic driving can irritate other drivers and put both of you in danger. Even if you're not breaking any laws, weaving in and out of lanes and stopping or accelerating quickly can bring you unwanted attention from police. Consider taking a defensive driving course.
1-3. Wear your seat belt.
It's the law pretty much everywhere, and an iron-clad excuse for a sharp-eyed officer to pull you over.
2. Drive Invisibly
Don't stand out.
Maintain your vehicle. Cracked windshields, burnt-out taillights, and other minor maintenance issues can get you a ticket.
Look attentive. Being the one in the pack with a cell phone cradled on your neck and a burger in the other hand is not a good thing.
If you are buying a new car, choose a plain-colored sedan with economy styling over a sporty-looking coupe with bright, eye-popping colors and/or customized appearance. There are lots of economical-looking little cars with snappy power-to-weight ratios and safe, excellent handling.
Don't cover your car in eye-catching stickers and/or controversial slogans, no matter how mad or happy some politician makes you. A cop may be a big fan of the guy you loathe most, or loathe the guy you are fan of the most.
Remove license plate frames and dealer stickers that identify you as being from out of town wherever else you go in your state. People who travel a long way are less likely to show up in court to dispute a ticket. However, don't cover up your license plate - you can be pulled over for this infraction.
Don't drive a rolling pigsty. All windows should offer unobstructed views to the driver.
3. Catching Cops
3-1. Watch for potential ambushes.
Constantly scan the road ahead for parked cars and police cruisers on the road. You can't just look for the classic police car, though; departments everywhere are mixing up their fleets, so that SUV or sports car up ahead may be trouble. A few tips to spot these cars:
Look for roof lighting. Your brain should pop up a red flag anytime it sees any sort of junk on top of a car.
Look for a spotlight on the drivers side of the vehicle. Only police package vehicles have this option.
By law, officers are not allowed to endorse any ideology or group on their cars. The cars are owned by the city, so you'll be hard pressed to find a police car with a "Total Princess" sticker on the bumper.
Police license plates are made differently than regular plates. In some cases, they'll actually say EXEMPT. Find out what their license plates actually look like in your state.
Pay close attention to the brake light that most cars have at the top center of the rear window. Cops' center lights are larger because they function as blue and white lights as well. An easy giveaway is if that center brake light is visible but does not light up red when braking.
Cruisers often have multiple antennas on them.
3-2. Get a radar/laser detector.
If you're intent on being a speed demon, a combination laser/radar detector can help you hit the brakes in time. Be careful, though: detectors are illegal to have in your vehicle in Virginia, Washington, D.C., US Military bases and in many countries. They're far from 100% effective, and if you do get pulled over, you won't earn any brownie points when the officer sees the detector.
3-3. Remember that you can't always see police along the road.
It's prudent to slow down a bit before potential hiding spots such as exit ramps, blind curves, or stands of trees, and be especially wary around potential speed traps, such as stretches of road undergoing work or places where the posted speed limit decreases. When you see a reduction in the speed limit, make sure to slow to the new limit before you reach the sign: police know this is one of the best place to find speeders.
3-4. Watch out for speed cameras.
More localities are adopting photo radar, a system which automatically photographs the license plate and driver's face of a vehicle which the radar determines is speeding. These systems are sometimes mounted inside a van which will be parked alongside the road, or they are often mounted permanently at trouble spots, such as intersections that have a lot of accidents.
Cameras are also used to photograph vehicles that run red lights or travel in the carpool lane without passengers. You can usually see these cameras if you look hard enough, especially if you travel the same route frequently.
You may be able to find the location of permanent cameras in your area via local government websites or internet search.
3-5. Be aware of other cars.
The worst thing to do after narrowly avoiding the cop with a laser gun is to fly past the next cop driving on the same road as you. Be aware of every car in your vicinity.
3-6. Look inside the suspicious cars if you can.
You might see a cage separating the front and back seats. Or you might see the officer's uniform.
3-7. Get to know the roads you regularly travel.
Police frequently choose the same hiding places over and over again, so make a mental note when you see a cruiser parked along the road and make sure you're following the speed limit next time you come to that point.
3-8. Beware of multiple cruisers.
If you see another motorist stopped by a police cruiser, don't assume the coast is clear. Slow down to the speed limit, and stay that way for another mile or two. It's increasingly common for police to set up speed traps with several officers clustered in a short span of road.
3-9. Check your rear-view mirror often.
This will minimize the chance that a patrol car will sneak up on you. Also, if an officer pulls up behind you at night with his or her headlights off chances are that he/she is about to pull you over, so be prepared to stop.
4. Specific to Speeding
4-1. Where possible, drive the speed limit.
Know, however, that the posted limit applies only to ideal conditions. Drive 5 or 10 mph (8.0 or 16.1 km/h) under if it is raining or there is snow/ice on the ground.
4-2. Stay out of the “fast lane.”
Drivers in the “fast lane” (the left-most lane on U.S. multi-lane highways) are more likely to be ticketed not only because they're typically driving faster, but also because of the psychological element: they appear to be going faster simply because they're in the “fast lane”. In addition, many jurisdictions have laws that require you to drive in the right lane unless you are passing, so you can be ticketed for cruising in the left lane.
4-3. Go with the flow of traffic.
If you're going to speed, you're less likely to be ticketed if everybody else is doing it. (However, if you are pulled over exceeding the speed limit, "going with the flow of traffic" cannot be used as an excuse for receiving a speeding ticket.) It's not uncommon in many areas for the posted speed limit to be something of a joke. If everybody's going 80 in a 70, chances are you can get away with it — in fact, if you're going significantly slower you may be a hazard—but if you treat that as a license to go 85, guess who'll get nabbed.
4-4. Pay attention to clues from other motorists, especially truckers.
If you see brake lights up ahead, especially on that car that just blew by you, there may be a speed trap just out of your view, or a radar detector may be alerting the driver in front of you. It pays to watch the behavior of truckers, in particular, because truckers down the road can use CB radio to warn those behind them. Additionally, motorists going the opposite direction might flash their lights at you to warn you about a cop.
4-5. Find a guinea pig.
Take notice of someone driving roughly the same speed as you and let them get a good distance ahead, then watch them for any sudden stops or other behavior that may indicate a speed trap.
5. Getting Pulled Over
5-1. Be polite and know the protocol.
If you do get pulled over, you may still be able to get away with a warning if you're courteous.
When the officer comes to your window, greet him or her with respectful words, such as "Good evening, officer." Do not use slang. Say "want to" instead of "wanna," and whatever you do, Following these tips will make you seem educated and sensible. The officer may not give you a ticket just because you don't seem buzzed or you seem like a respectable person who made a small error.
Don't start arguments or act irritated or belligerent, and don't make dumb excuses.
Be nice and you may get some pity. If you've already broken a traffic law, you can't make things any better by being a jerk.
Make the police officer feel safe if you get pulled over. Police officers have a dangerous job, and they know that any routine traffic stop can turn life-threatening. If you can put an officer at ease, it make his or her job a little less stressful and he or she may thank you for it by letting you off with a warning.
Pull over when you see the police officer signal for you to pull over. Look for a safe area where the officer can stand beside your car and not risk his own life with passing traffic.
Pull into a parking lot if you can; but always signal to the officer to show that you aren't avoiding him. This can be accomplished by flipping on your right blinker. If you must pull over to the side of the road, the right shoulder is almost always safer for both you and the officer.
Park your vehicle so that you cannot drive forward. For example, pull right up to a wall. Then the officer can park right behind you without worrying that you will try to drive away and escape.
Turn off your car, and possibly remove the keys from the ignition.
If it is nighttime, turn on as many interior lights as possible.
Remain in the car. Do not move to leave the car at any time during the stop unless you are asked to do so.
Sit still with your seatbelt on, and place your hands on the top of your steering wheel, in plain sight. Don't fidget around before the officer approaches the vehicle or at any time during the stop.
The officer will request your driver's license, registration and insurance card. Leave your hands on top of the steering wheel. Describe to the officer where the papers are, and ask permission to get them. When the officer permits it, move slowly and deliberately to retrieve the documents. Avoid sudden movements that may make the officer feel you're reaching for a weapon.
If an officer states you were speeding, it is OK to politely ask how they know. If the officer states that he used a radar gun, ask to see it. Most officers inadvertently turn the unit off once you are stopped - deleting the speed entry.
If you got a ticket via a radar gun, ask to see the officers daily log. He or she would need to state they calibrated the unit prior to beginning their patrol.
5-2. Avoid admissions of guilt (or don't).
When the officer asks you if you know why you were pulled over, never admit to anything if you intend to later fight the ticket. If you do get a ticket, your admission can be used against you in court.
If you think you might get away with a warning, you can try being completely honest. The officer may appreciate your honesty and be more likely to let you off with a warning. It's a tough choice to make, but do your best to analyze the situation and the officer's demeanor, and hopefully you'll make the right decision.
5-3. Contest a ticket
If you can't avoid a ticket, consider fighting it through the legal system. Sometimes, just showing up indicates you are more responsible than other motorists. Dress well, and be prepared to argue your side of the case without emotion and with as much supporting material as you can provide. Depending on the judge and the jurisdiction, the judge may give you some leniency.
5-4. Don't think that the cop will be unlikely to appear in court if you challenge your ticket.
Many jurisdictions pay overtime or more for time spent in court. In some circumstances since the officer is being paid overtime for being in court, he or she may act in your favor for dismissal of the ticket - that is, if you were polite and respectful when receiving the citation.
Tips
Make sure beforehand that your driver's license is with you and your valid proof of insurance and registration are up-to-date and in your glove box for easy access.
If you have a medical emergency and really do need to get to the hospital quickly, continue to show the police officer respect, but request a police escort to the hospital.
Traffic enforcement cameras can sometimes be detected with radar detectors. In most places, if your face is obscured (with a hat and sunglasses, for example) when your picture is taken, you can get the ticket dismissed in court. A number of legal challenges have been posed to automatic ticketing systems, many successfully, so if you are unlucky enough to be caught by one of these systems, you have a good chance of beating the citation in court.
Warnings
Be careful with trying to flirt your way out of a ticket. Some officers will play along, while others will be offended and come down harsher on you for this gamble.
Being rude, obnoxious or demanding never helps. Be respectful. Try to chat with the officer and be polite.
Be aware that in most jurisdictions, going 15 mph (24 km/h) over the speed limit not only counts as speeding, but qualifies you for a significantly more expensive reckless driving citation.
Do not threaten the police officer with comments such as "I'll see you in court."
The information in this article is not legal advice, and neither wikiHow nor the contributors to this article condone breaking any traffic laws. The best way to avoid getting a ticket is to drive within the law.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:38",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Drive Safely\\n1-1. Obey the rules of the road.\\nDon't break traffic laws, and you won't get ticketed. Ignorance is no excuse. Traffic laws also vary from state to state and even from town to town, so do some research if you're driving away from home.\\n1-2. Practice defensive driving.\\nAggressive or erratic driving can irritate other drivers and put both of you in danger. Even if you're not breaking any laws, weaving in and out of lanes and stopping or accelerating quickly can bring you unwanted attention from police. Consider taking a defensive driving course.\\n1-3. Wear your seat belt.\\nIt's the law pretty much everywhere, and an iron-clad excuse for a sharp-eyed officer to pull you over.\\n2. Drive Invisibly\\nDon't stand out.\\nMaintain your vehicle. Cracked windshields, burnt-out taillights, and other minor maintenance issues can get you a ticket.\\nLook attentive. Being the one in the pack with a cell phone cradled on your neck and a burger in the other hand is not a good thing.\\nIf you are buying a new car, choose a plain-colored sedan with economy styling over a sporty-looking coupe with bright, eye-popping colors and/or customized appearance. There are lots of economical-looking little cars with snappy power-to-weight ratios and safe, excellent handling.\\nDon't cover your car in eye-catching stickers and/or controversial slogans, no matter how mad or happy some politician makes you. A cop may be a big fan of the guy you loathe most, or loathe the guy you are fan of the most.\\nRemove license plate frames and dealer stickers that identify you as being from out of town wherever else you go in your state. People who travel a long way are less likely to show up in court to dispute a ticket. However, don't cover up your license plate - you can be pulled over for this infraction.\\nDon't drive a rolling pigsty. All windows should offer unobstructed views to the driver.\\n3. Catching Cops\\n3-1. Watch for potential ambushes.\\nConstantly scan the road ahead for parked cars and police cruisers on the road. You can't just look for the classic police car, though; departments everywhere are mixing up their fleets, so that SUV or sports car up ahead may be trouble. A few tips to spot these cars:\\nLook for roof lighting. Your brain should pop up a red flag anytime it sees any sort of junk on top of a car.\\nLook for a spotlight on the drivers side of the vehicle. Only police package vehicles have this option.\\nBy law, officers are not allowed to endorse any ideology or group on their cars. The cars are owned by the city, so you'll be hard pressed to find a police car with a \\\"Total Princess\\\" sticker on the bumper.\\nPolice license plates are made differently than regular plates. In some cases, they'll actually say EXEMPT. Find out what their license plates actually look like in your state.\\nPay close attention to the brake light that most cars have at the top center of the rear window. Cops' center lights are larger because they function as blue and white lights as well. An easy giveaway is if that center brake light is visible but does not light up red when braking.\\nCruisers often have multiple antennas on them.\\n3-2. Get a radar/laser detector.\\nIf you're intent on being a speed demon, a combination laser/radar detector can help you hit the brakes in time. Be careful, though: detectors are illegal to have in your vehicle in Virginia, Washington, D.C., US Military bases and in many countries. They're far from 100% effective, and if you do get pulled over, you won't earn any brownie points when the officer sees the detector.\\n3-3. Remember that you can't always see police along the road.\\nIt's prudent to slow down a bit before potential hiding spots such as exit ramps, blind curves, or stands of trees, and be especially wary around potential speed traps, such as stretches of road undergoing work or places where the posted speed limit decreases. When you see a reduction in the speed limit, make sure to slow to the new limit before you reach the sign: police know this is one of the best place to find speeders.\\n3-4. Watch out for speed cameras.\\nMore localities are adopting photo radar, a system which automatically photographs the license plate and driver's face of a vehicle which the radar determines is speeding. These systems are sometimes mounted inside a van which will be parked alongside the road, or they are often mounted permanently at trouble spots, such as intersections that have a lot of accidents.\\nCameras are also used to photograph vehicles that run red lights or travel in the carpool lane without passengers. You can usually see these cameras if you look hard enough, especially if you travel the same route frequently.\\nYou may be able to find the location of permanent cameras in your area via local government websites or internet search.\\n3-5. Be aware of other cars.\\nThe worst thing to do after narrowly avoiding the cop with a laser gun is to fly past the next cop driving on the same road as you. Be aware of every car in your vicinity.\\n3-6. Look inside the suspicious cars if you can.\\nYou might see a cage separating the front and back seats. Or you might see the officer's uniform.\\n3-7. Get to know the roads you regularly travel.\\nPolice frequently choose the same hiding places over and over again, so make a mental note when you see a cruiser parked along the road and make sure you're following the speed limit next time you come to that point.\\n3-8. Beware of multiple cruisers.\\nIf you see another motorist stopped by a police cruiser, don't assume the coast is clear. Slow down to the speed limit, and stay that way for another mile or two. It's increasingly common for police to set up speed traps with several officers clustered in a short span of road.\\n3-9. Check your rear-view mirror often.\\nThis will minimize the chance that a patrol car will sneak up on you. Also, if an officer pulls up behind you at night with his or her headlights off chances are that he/she is about to pull you over, so be prepared to stop.\\n4. Specific to Speeding\\n4-1. Where possible, drive the speed limit.\\nKnow, however, that the posted limit applies only to ideal conditions. Drive 5 or 10 mph (8.0 or 16.1 km/h) under if it is raining or there is snow/ice on the ground.\\n4-2. Stay out of the “fast lane.”\\nDrivers in the “fast lane” (the left-most lane on U.S. multi-lane highways) are more likely to be ticketed not only because they're typically driving faster, but also because of the psychological element: they appear to be going faster simply because they're in the “fast lane”. In addition, many jurisdictions have laws that require you to drive in the right lane unless you are passing, so you can be ticketed for cruising in the left lane.\\n4-3. Go with the flow of traffic.\\nIf you're going to speed, you're less likely to be ticketed if everybody else is doing it. (However, if you are pulled over exceeding the speed limit, \\\"going with the flow of traffic\\\" cannot be used as an excuse for receiving a speeding ticket.) It's not uncommon in many areas for the posted speed limit to be something of a joke. If everybody's going 80 in a 70, chances are you can get away with it — in fact, if you're going significantly slower you may be a hazard—but if you treat that as a license to go 85, guess who'll get nabbed.\\n4-4. Pay attention to clues from other motorists, especially truckers.\\nIf you see brake lights up ahead, especially on that car that just blew by you, there may be a speed trap just out of your view, or a radar detector may be alerting the driver in front of you. It pays to watch the behavior of truckers, in particular, because truckers down the road can use CB radio to warn those behind them. Additionally, motorists going the opposite direction might flash their lights at you to warn you about a cop.\\n4-5. Find a guinea pig.\\nTake notice of someone driving roughly the same speed as you and let them get a good distance ahead, then watch them for any sudden stops or other behavior that may indicate a speed trap.\\n5. Getting Pulled Over\\n5-1. Be polite and know the protocol.\\nIf you do get pulled over, you may still be able to get away with a warning if you're courteous.\\nWhen the officer comes to your window, greet him or her with respectful words, such as \\\"Good evening, officer.\\\" Do not use slang. Say \\\"want to\\\" instead of \\\"wanna,\\\" and whatever you do, Following these tips will make you seem educated and sensible. The officer may not give you a ticket just because you don't seem buzzed or you seem like a respectable person who made a small error.\\nDon't start arguments or act irritated or belligerent, and don't make dumb excuses.\\nBe nice and you may get some pity. If you've already broken a traffic law, you can't make things any better by being a jerk.\\nMake the police officer feel safe if you get pulled over. Police officers have a dangerous job, and they know that any routine traffic stop can turn life-threatening. If you can put an officer at ease, it make his or her job a little less stressful and he or she may thank you for it by letting you off with a warning.\\nPull over when you see the police officer signal for you to pull over. Look for a safe area where the officer can stand beside your car and not risk his own life with passing traffic.\\nPull into a parking lot if you can; but always signal to the officer to show that you aren't avoiding him. This can be accomplished by flipping on your right blinker. If you must pull over to the side of the road, the right shoulder is almost always safer for both you and the officer.\\nPark your vehicle so that you cannot drive forward. For example, pull right up to a wall. Then the officer can park right behind you without worrying that you will try to drive away and escape.\\nTurn off your car, and possibly remove the keys from the ignition.\\nIf it is nighttime, turn on as many interior lights as possible.\\nRemain in the car. Do not move to leave the car at any time during the stop unless you are asked to do so.\\nSit still with your seatbelt on, and place your hands on the top of your steering wheel, in plain sight. Don't fidget around before the officer approaches the vehicle or at any time during the stop.\\nThe officer will request your driver's license, registration and insurance card. Leave your hands on top of the steering wheel. Describe to the officer where the papers are, and ask permission to get them. When the officer permits it, move slowly and deliberately to retrieve the documents. Avoid sudden movements that may make the officer feel you're reaching for a weapon.\\nIf an officer states you were speeding, it is OK to politely ask how they know. If the officer states that he used a radar gun, ask to see it. Most officers inadvertently turn the unit off once you are stopped - deleting the speed entry.\\nIf you got a ticket via a radar gun, ask to see the officers daily log. He or she would need to state they calibrated the unit prior to beginning their patrol.\\n5-2. Avoid admissions of guilt (or don't).\\nWhen the officer asks you if you know why you were pulled over, never admit to anything if you intend to later fight the ticket. If you do get a ticket, your admission can be used against you in court.\\nIf you think you might get away with a warning, you can try being completely honest. The officer may appreciate your honesty and be more likely to let you off with a warning. It's a tough choice to make, but do your best to analyze the situation and the officer's demeanor, and hopefully you'll make the right decision.\\n5-3. Contest a ticket\\nIf you can't avoid a ticket, consider fighting it through the legal system. Sometimes, just showing up indicates you are more responsible than other motorists. Dress well, and be prepared to argue your side of the case without emotion and with as much supporting material as you can provide. Depending on the judge and the jurisdiction, the judge may give you some leniency.\\n5-4. Don't think that the cop will be unlikely to appear in court if you challenge your ticket.\\nMany jurisdictions pay overtime or more for time spent in court. In some circumstances since the officer is being paid overtime for being in court, he or she may act in your favor for dismissal of the ticket - that is, if you were polite and respectful when receiving the citation.\\nTips\\nMake sure beforehand that your driver's license is with you and your valid proof of insurance and registration are up-to-date and in your glove box for easy access.\\nIf you have a medical emergency and really do need to get to the hospital quickly, continue to show the police officer respect, but request a police escort to the hospital.\\nTraffic enforcement cameras can sometimes be detected with radar detectors. In most places, if your face is obscured (with a hat and sunglasses, for example) when your picture is taken, you can get the ticket dismissed in court. A number of legal challenges have been posed to automatic ticketing systems, many successfully, so if you are unlucky enough to be caught by one of these systems, you have a good chance of beating the citation in court.\\nWarnings\\nBe careful with trying to flirt your way out of a ticket. Some officers will play along, while others will be offended and come down harsher on you for this gamble.\\nBeing rude, obnoxious or demanding never helps. Be respectful. Try to chat with the officer and be polite.\\nBe aware that in most jurisdictions, going 15 mph (24 km/h) over the speed limit not only counts as speeding, but qualifies you for a significantly more expensive reckless driving citation.\\nDo not threaten the police officer with comments such as \\\"I'll see you in court.\\\"\\nThe information in this article is not legal advice, and neither wikiHow nor the contributors to this article condone breaking any traffic laws. The best way to avoid getting a ticket is to drive within the law.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Tens of millions of traffic tickets are issued each year, raking in big revenue for state and local coffers. For the motorist, even one speeding ticket can raise your insurance premiums for several years, and multiple violations can push your rates through the roof. Fortunately, many tickets can be avoided with by following a few simple guidelines.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Drive Safely\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Obey the rules of the road.\", \"描述\": \"Don't break traffic laws, and you won't get ticketed. Ignorance is no excuse. Traffic laws also vary from state to state and even from town to town, so do some research if you're driving away from home.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Practice defensive driving.\", \"描述\": \"Aggressive or erratic driving can irritate other drivers and put both of you in danger. Even if you're not breaking any laws, weaving in and out of lanes and stopping or accelerating quickly can bring you unwanted attention from police. Consider taking a defensive driving course.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wear your seat belt.\", \"描述\": \"It's the law pretty much everywhere, and an iron-clad excuse for a sharp-eyed officer to pull you over.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Drive Invisibly\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don't stand out.\", \"描述\": \"Maintain your vehicle. Cracked windshields, burnt-out taillights, and other minor maintenance issues can get you a ticket.\\nLook attentive. Being the one in the pack with a cell phone cradled on your neck and a burger in the other hand is not a good thing.\\nIf you are buying a new car, choose a plain-colored sedan with economy styling over a sporty-looking coupe with bright, eye-popping colors and/or customized appearance. There are lots of economical-looking little cars with snappy power-to-weight ratios and safe, excellent handling.\\nDon't cover your car in eye-catching stickers and/or controversial slogans, no matter how mad or happy some politician makes you. A cop may be a big fan of the guy you loathe most, or loathe the guy you are fan of the most.\\nRemove license plate frames and dealer stickers that identify you as being from out of town wherever else you go in your state. People who travel a long way are less likely to show up in court to dispute a ticket. However, don't cover up your license plate - you can be pulled over for this infraction.\\nDon't drive a rolling pigsty. All windows should offer unobstructed views to the driver.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Catching Cops\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Watch for potential ambushes.\", \"描述\": \"Constantly scan the road ahead for parked cars and police cruisers on the road. You can't just look for the classic police car, though; departments everywhere are mixing up their fleets, so that SUV or sports car up ahead may be trouble. A few tips to spot these cars:\\nLook for roof lighting. Your brain should pop up a red flag anytime it sees any sort of junk on top of a car.\\nLook for a spotlight on the drivers side of the vehicle. Only police package vehicles have this option.\\nBy law, officers are not allowed to endorse any ideology or group on their cars. The cars are owned by the city, so you'll be hard pressed to find a police car with a \\\"Total Princess\\\" sticker on the bumper.\\nPolice license plates are made differently than regular plates. In some cases, they'll actually say EXEMPT. Find out what their license plates actually look like in your state.\\nPay close attention to the brake light that most cars have at the top center of the rear window. Cops' center lights are larger because they function as blue and white lights as well. An easy giveaway is if that center brake light is visible but does not light up red when braking.\\nCruisers often have multiple antennas on them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a radar/laser detector.\", \"描述\": \"If you're intent on being a speed demon, a combination laser/radar detector can help you hit the brakes in time. Be careful, though: detectors are illegal to have in your vehicle in Virginia, Washington, D.C., US Military bases and in many countries. They're far from 100% effective, and if you do get pulled over, you won't earn any brownie points when the officer sees the detector.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Remember that you can't always see police along the road.\", \"描述\": \"It's prudent to slow down a bit before potential hiding spots such as exit ramps, blind curves, or stands of trees, and be especially wary around potential speed traps, such as stretches of road undergoing work or places where the posted speed limit decreases. When you see a reduction in the speed limit, make sure to slow to the new limit before you reach the sign: police know this is one of the best place to find speeders.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Watch out for speed cameras.\", \"描述\": \"More localities are adopting photo radar, a system which automatically photographs the license plate and driver's face of a vehicle which the radar determines is speeding. These systems are sometimes mounted inside a van which will be parked alongside the road, or they are often mounted permanently at trouble spots, such as intersections that have a lot of accidents.\\nCameras are also used to photograph vehicles that run red lights or travel in the carpool lane without passengers. You can usually see these cameras if you look hard enough, especially if you travel the same route frequently.\\nYou may be able to find the location of permanent cameras in your area via local government websites or internet search.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Be aware of other cars.\", \"描述\": \"The worst thing to do after narrowly avoiding the cop with a laser gun is to fly past the next cop driving on the same road as you. Be aware of every car in your vicinity.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Look inside the suspicious cars if you can.\", \"描述\": \"You might see a cage separating the front and back seats. Or you might see the officer's uniform.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Get to know the roads you regularly travel.\", \"描述\": \"Police frequently choose the same hiding places over and over again, so make a mental note when you see a cruiser parked along the road and make sure you're following the speed limit next time you come to that point.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Beware of multiple cruisers.\", \"描述\": \"If you see another motorist stopped by a police cruiser, don't assume the coast is clear. Slow down to the speed limit, and stay that way for another mile or two. It's increasingly common for police to set up speed traps with several officers clustered in a short span of road.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Check your rear-view mirror often.\", \"描述\": \"This will minimize the chance that a patrol car will sneak up on you. Also, if an officer pulls up behind you at night with his or her headlights off chances are that he/she is about to pull you over, so be prepared to stop.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Specific to Speeding\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Where possible, drive the speed limit.\", \"描述\": \"Know, however, that the posted limit applies only to ideal conditions. Drive 5 or 10 mph (8.0 or 16.1 km/h) under if it is raining or there is snow/ice on the ground.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay out of the “fast lane.”\", \"描述\": \"Drivers in the “fast lane” (the left-most lane on U.S. multi-lane highways) are more likely to be ticketed not only because they're typically driving faster, but also because of the psychological element: they appear to be going faster simply because they're in the “fast lane”. In addition, many jurisdictions have laws that require you to drive in the right lane unless you are passing, so you can be ticketed for cruising in the left lane.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Go with the flow of traffic.\", \"描述\": \"If you're going to speed, you're less likely to be ticketed if everybody else is doing it. (However, if you are pulled over exceeding the speed limit, \\\"going with the flow of traffic\\\" cannot be used as an excuse for receiving a speeding ticket.) It's not uncommon in many areas for the posted speed limit to be something of a joke. If everybody's going 80 in a 70, chances are you can get away with it — in fact, if you're going significantly slower you may be a hazard—but if you treat that as a license to go 85, guess who'll get nabbed.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Pay attention to clues from other motorists, especially truckers.\", \"描述\": \"If you see brake lights up ahead, especially on that car that just blew by you, there may be a speed trap just out of your view, or a radar detector may be alerting the driver in front of you. It pays to watch the behavior of truckers, in particular, because truckers down the road can use CB radio to warn those behind them. Additionally, motorists going the opposite direction might flash their lights at you to warn you about a cop.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Find a guinea pig.\", \"描述\": \"Take notice of someone driving roughly the same speed as you and let them get a good distance ahead, then watch them for any sudden stops or other behavior that may indicate a speed trap.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Getting Pulled Over\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be polite and know the protocol.\", \"描述\": \"If you do get pulled over, you may still be able to get away with a warning if you're courteous.\\nWhen the officer comes to your window, greet him or her with respectful words, such as \\\"Good evening, officer.\\\" Do not use slang. Say \\\"want to\\\" instead of \\\"wanna,\\\" and whatever you do, Following these tips will make you seem educated and sensible. The officer may not give you a ticket just because you don't seem buzzed or you seem like a respectable person who made a small error.\\nDon't start arguments or act irritated or belligerent, and don't make dumb excuses.\\nBe nice and you may get some pity. If you've already broken a traffic law, you can't make things any better by being a jerk.\\nMake the police officer feel safe if you get pulled over. Police officers have a dangerous job, and they know that any routine traffic stop can turn life-threatening. If you can put an officer at ease, it make his or her job a little less stressful and he or she may thank you for it by letting you off with a warning.\\nPull over when you see the police officer signal for you to pull over. Look for a safe area where the officer can stand beside your car and not risk his own life with passing traffic.\\nPull into a parking lot if you can; but always signal to the officer to show that you aren't avoiding him. This can be accomplished by flipping on your right blinker. If you must pull over to the side of the road, the right shoulder is almost always safer for both you and the officer.\\nPark your vehicle so that you cannot drive forward. For example, pull right up to a wall. Then the officer can park right behind you without worrying that you will try to drive away and escape.\\nTurn off your car, and possibly remove the keys from the ignition.\\nIf it is nighttime, turn on as many interior lights as possible.\\nRemain in the car. Do not move to leave the car at any time during the stop unless you are asked to do so.\\nSit still with your seatbelt on, and place your hands on the top of your steering wheel, in plain sight. Don't fidget around before the officer approaches the vehicle or at any time during the stop.\\nThe officer will request your driver's license, registration and insurance card. Leave your hands on top of the steering wheel. Describe to the officer where the papers are, and ask permission to get them. When the officer permits it, move slowly and deliberately to retrieve the documents. Avoid sudden movements that may make the officer feel you're reaching for a weapon.\\nIf an officer states you were speeding, it is OK to politely ask how they know. If the officer states that he used a radar gun, ask to see it. Most officers inadvertently turn the unit off once you are stopped - deleting the speed entry.\\nIf you got a ticket via a radar gun, ask to see the officers daily log. He or she would need to state they calibrated the unit prior to beginning their patrol.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid admissions of guilt (or don't).\", \"描述\": \"When the officer asks you if you know why you were pulled over, never admit to anything if you intend to later fight the ticket. If you do get a ticket, your admission can be used against you in court.\\nIf you think you might get away with a warning, you can try being completely honest. The officer may appreciate your honesty and be more likely to let you off with a warning. It's a tough choice to make, but do your best to analyze the situation and the officer's demeanor, and hopefully you'll make the right decision.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Contest a ticket\", \"描述\": \"If you can't avoid a ticket, consider fighting it through the legal system. Sometimes, just showing up indicates you are more responsible than other motorists. Dress well, and be prepared to argue your side of the case without emotion and with as much supporting material as you can provide. Depending on the judge and the jurisdiction, the judge may give you some leniency.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don't think that the cop will be unlikely to appear in court if you challenge your ticket.\", \"描述\": \"Many jurisdictions pay overtime or more for time spent in court. In some circumstances since the officer is being paid overtime for being in court, he or she may act in your favor for dismissal of the ticket - that is, if you were polite and respectful when receiving the citation.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Make sure beforehand that your driver's license is with you and your valid proof of insurance and registration are up-to-date and in your glove box for easy access.\\n\", \"If you have a medical emergency and really do need to get to the hospital quickly, continue to show the police officer respect, but request a police escort to the hospital.\\n\", \"Traffic enforcement cameras can sometimes be detected with radar detectors. In most places, if your face is obscured (with a hat and sunglasses, for example) when your picture is taken, you can get the ticket dismissed in court. A number of legal challenges have been posed to automatic ticketing systems, many successfully, so if you are unlucky enough to be caught by one of these systems, you have a good chance of beating the citation in court.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Be careful with trying to flirt your way out of a ticket. Some officers will play along, while others will be offended and come down harsher on you for this gamble.\\n\", \"Being rude, obnoxious or demanding never helps. Be respectful. Try to chat with the officer and be polite.\\n\", \"Be aware that in most jurisdictions, going 15 mph (24 km/h) over the speed limit not only counts as speeding, but qualifies you for a significantly more expensive reckless driving citation.\\n\", \"Do not threaten the police officer with comments such as \\\"I'll see you in court.\\\"\\n\", \"The information in this article is not legal advice, and neither wikiHow nor the contributors to this article condone breaking any traffic laws. The best way to avoid getting a ticket is to drive within the law.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,269 | How to Avoid an Abusive Relationship | 1. Recognizing an Abusive Personality
1-1. Look for unhealthy perfectionism.
Abusive people often operate with extremely unrealistic expectations. They believe that things should always go in a certain way or conform to their particular standards. They have a strong sense of what is “fair” and “unfair,” and they are generally very inflexible. When things do not meet unrealistic expectations, abusive people may become explosive, resentful, angry and even violent.
An abusive person usually holds other people to unrealistic and unfair standards as well, particularly romantic partners. The abuser may say things such as “You’re the only person I need in my life” and expect you to fulfill every single need.
Abusive people often become unreasonably angry over even minor difficulties, such as a traffic jam or a child’s low grade on an exam.
A person simply with perfectionistic tendencies do not necessarily mean he or she is a possible abuser. But the above behaviors can indicate someone with "red flags".
1-2. Consider whether the person displays “mood swings” or other signs of emotional disturbance.
Everyone has mood swings sometimes, but abusive people often fluctuate between emotional extremes. It may feel like you are “walking on eggshells” around this person, or like s/he has a “hair trigger” that anything could set off.
Abusive people may bottle up their emotions until they explode. Or, they may become passive-aggressive and try to make you feel guilty in some way. Explosiveness and hypersensitivity are both warning signs of an emotionally unhealthy person.
In some cases, emotional instability may be caused by mental or behavioral disorders. If this is the case, your partner needs treatment and counseling. You should not stay with an abusive person simply because s/he needs help.
1-3. Think about whether the person accepts responsibility.
Abusive people generally refuse responsibility for their actions whenever possible. They blame others for their feelings and actions.
For example, an abusive person might say something like, “You just make me so angry when you contradict me that I can’t control myself.” This type of statement shifts the blame for personal actions to another person.
An abusive person might also blame others for the failure of past relationships. This can be difficult to see as a warning sign, especially if you seem to look good by comparison. For example, an abusive person might shift the blame for a past failed relationship by saying something like, “You’re so nice, not like the psycho I used to date.”
1-4. Think about whether you feel acknowledged.
An abusive person will often feel entitled, as though his/her needs and ideas are more important than anyone else’s. Even in a relationship where one partner “takes charge,” a healthy relationship will consider the ideas and needs of both partners. Abusive relationships are usually very one-sided.
If you don’t feel like your partner listens to you or is interested in your ideas and needs, this is a warning sign that the relationship is not healthy.
You should feel comfortable talking with your partner about difficult topics, even disagreeing with him/her. While compromise can be tough to achieve even in healthy relationships, both partners should feel like they are heard and respected.
A person who is constantly invested in being “right” at all costs is unlikely to pay appropriate attention to your needs and desires
1-5. Look for signs of jealousy.
Jealousy can seem flattering at first, like the other person cares so much about you that s/he can’t bear for anyone else to be interested in you. However, even minor jealousy is a warning sign that future controlling behavior may develop.
Jealousy is different from the other person caring about you. It is not a sign of love. Jealousy is a sign that your partner does not trust you.
1-6. Watch how the other person interacts with others.
Abusive people are often very self-absorbed. How they treat others can be a good indication of how they will eventually treat you.
Abusive people may be unkind or disrespectful of others, especially those they perceive as “beneath” them. If your partner mistreats or belittles people in positions of less power, this is a warning sign that they will probably be comfortable mistreating you as well.
2. Identifying Abuse
2-1. Consider whether you feel free.
Even in the most committed healthy relationships, each partner should feel the freedom to express themselves and make their own decisions. Abusive people intentionally strip their victims of power and freedom. They are generally jealous and controlling and may even attempt to make you feel guilty for trying to express your own needs. Consider whether you see any of the following:
Your partner demands that you “check in” with him/her all the time
Your partner tries to control what you wear, where you go, and who you spend time with
Your internet, cellphone, or social media use is monitored, or your partner demands your account passwords
You don’t have easy access to money or transportation
Your partner isolates you from your friends and family
Your partner forbids you to see other people unless s/he is with you, or expresses anger that you want to spend time with friends on your own
2-2. Think about how you feel around your partner.
Everyone has moments when they become irritated or even angry with their partner, or feel hurt by their partner’s words or actions. However, these experiences should be occasional and short-lived. If you feel consistently sad, hurt, humiliated, or frustrated with your partner, this is a sign that you are not in a healthy relationship. Consider the following:
Do you feel like your partner “sucks the life” out of you? Is spending time with him/her emotionally or even physically exhausting?
Do you feel bad about yourself when you’re around your partner?
Does the other person try to make you feel responsible or guilty for his/her feelings and actions?
Do you feel uncomfortable, embarrassed, or belittled around your partner?
Do you feel like there are different standards for your behavior vs. your partner’s?
2-3. Listen to how your partner speaks to you.
Healthy relationships do not involve belittling, humiliation, disrespect, or intimidation. It’s natural for partners to occasionally hurt the other person’s feelings, but this should never be intentional, and the person causing the hurt should acknowledge and apologize for it. Ask yourself the following to determine whether you may be in an abusive relationship:
Does your partner constantly criticize or nitpick you?
Does your partner call you names or use abusive language towards you?
Are you told that you “deserve” abusive language or actions?
Does your partner continue to do things after you have expressed that they hurt you?
Do you feel ignored, dismissed, or disrespected?
Does your partner scream or yell at you?
Do you feel bad about yourself when your partner speaks to you?
2-4. Consider whether you feel safe.
Even the threat of violence is abuse. Threatening to hurt you or your loved ones if you do not do what they want is a common tactic by abusive people. You should feel safe and stable in your relationship. If you don't, it’s a sign that you are not in a healthy relationship and need immediate help.
Abuse can be more than hitting, kicking, or slapping. Physical abuse also extends to destroying your property, hurting pets, denying your basic needs, keeping you confined, or abandoning you in strange or dangerous places.
2-5. Consider whether your sex life feels mutually fulfilling.
Abusive people may use coercion, manipulation, or force to get what they want, and this extends to sexual activity. Healthy sexual relationships are consensual and mutual. If you don’t feel like your partner respects your wishes, or if you feel pressured or coerced into doing things you don’t want to do, this is a sign of sexual abuse.
You can consent to certain sexual acts and refuse others. There is no relationship “contract” that means you must perform any sexual activity that you don’t want to do. Even if you have had and enjoyed sex with your partner many times before, you always have the right to say “no” and have that wish respected.
Pressure or coercion is abuse, too. If your partner tries to manipulate you into sexual activities by saying things like, “If you really loved me, you’d do this” it is a sign that you are in an unhealthy relationship.
You should also feel in control of your birth control and/or STI protection choices. Your partner should respect these choices and should not attempt to pressure or force you to perform sexual activity without your preferred protection.
3. Leaving an Abusive Relationship
3-1. Know that abuse is never your fault.
Unfortunately, it’s a common misconception that some people “deserve” abuse or were “asking for trouble.” This is completely untrue. No matter what you did or didn’t do, you deserve to be treated with dignity and kindness. Abuse is never the victim’s fault.
This is true for all types of abuse. Each person is responsible for her/his own actions.
3-2. Confide in someone you trust.
It can be difficult and even dangerous to leave an abusive relationship. Don’t go through it alone. Find someone you trust to talk about your concerns with. This could be a friend, relative, counselor, authority figure, or someone from your religious tradition. Tell them what you’re going through and ask for their support.
The more support you have, the more likely you are to be able to leave an abusive relationship and move on to a healthy, happy life.
3-3. Contact a domestic violence hotline.
These hotlines can help you even if you don’t have an emergency. They provide trained advocates to listen to you and help you brainstorm about your situation. They can help you figure out how to safely deal with your situation, provide referrals to local resources, and provide a compassionate person for you to talk to.
In the US, contact the National Domestic Violence Hotline 24/7 at 1-800-799-SAFE for free, confidential help.
Check out the HotPeachPages for an international directory of domestic violence agencies.
3-4. Cut off your abuser.
Abusive people will very often try to get back into your good graces by promising to change. This is part of the cycle of abuse and you should not trust it. Do not interact with the abusive person in any way.
You may also feel pressured by your community, family, or traditions to “forgive” your abuser. Remember that true forgiveness is done for your sake, not the other person’s. You can choose to give up the burden of anger without allowing the abuse to continue.
It is very hard to obtain closure unless you remove the abuser from your life.
3-5. Seek professional help.
Overcoming the effects of abuse can be incredibly difficult. Between 31-84% of survivors of domestic abuse develop symptoms of PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). Abuse can also trigger depression and anxiety. A mental health professional can help you work through the wounds left by abuse and live a healthy, happy life.
Many domestic violence agencies, hospitals, doctors, and women’s shelters can refer you to trained counselors and therapists.
Look for a therapist who uses “evidence-based” treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), cognitive processing therapy (CPT), prolonged exposure therapy (PE), or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR is a common treatment used with PTSD.
3-6. Strengthen your support network.
Victims of abuse may become conditioned to expect abuse from their relationships as “normal” or something they “deserve.” This conditioning increases the likelihood that future relationships will also be abusive. Surrounding yourself with people who treat you well, with care, love, and dignity, can help you recognize that you deserve to be treated this way.
Make friends. It’s common for people in abusive relationships to feel isolated from their friends and family. Making new friends can help you feel stronger and more confident.
Join a club or group. Associating with like-minded people or people with similar interests to yours can help you feel like you’re part of a larger community.
Be open with people you trust. Some people may judge you, and this is wrong and unfair. However, many people are happy to simply be there for you. Talking about your experiences with people you trust can help you process and move on from them.
Tips
Remember that it is much better to be on your own than with the wrong partner and in the wrong relationship.
You are always worth respect and dignity. Don’t put up with anyone who does not treat you this way.
Warnings
Abuse does not “get better.” In fact, it becomes steadily worse over time. Don’t stay because you hope you can “love” your partner into changing. The only person who can change your partner is him or her.
If you are in an emergency, call 911 or your emergency services immediately.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:39",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Recognizing an Abusive Personality\\n1-1. Look for unhealthy perfectionism.\\nAbusive people often operate with extremely unrealistic expectations. They believe that things should always go in a certain way or conform to their particular standards. They have a strong sense of what is “fair” and “unfair,” and they are generally very inflexible. When things do not meet unrealistic expectations, abusive people may become explosive, resentful, angry and even violent.\\nAn abusive person usually holds other people to unrealistic and unfair standards as well, particularly romantic partners. The abuser may say things such as “You’re the only person I need in my life” and expect you to fulfill every single need.\\nAbusive people often become unreasonably angry over even minor difficulties, such as a traffic jam or a child’s low grade on an exam.\\nA person simply with perfectionistic tendencies do not necessarily mean he or she is a possible abuser. But the above behaviors can indicate someone with \\\"red flags\\\".\\n1-2. Consider whether the person displays “mood swings” or other signs of emotional disturbance.\\nEveryone has mood swings sometimes, but abusive people often fluctuate between emotional extremes. It may feel like you are “walking on eggshells” around this person, or like s/he has a “hair trigger” that anything could set off.\\nAbusive people may bottle up their emotions until they explode. Or, they may become passive-aggressive and try to make you feel guilty in some way. Explosiveness and hypersensitivity are both warning signs of an emotionally unhealthy person.\\nIn some cases, emotional instability may be caused by mental or behavioral disorders. If this is the case, your partner needs treatment and counseling. You should not stay with an abusive person simply because s/he needs help.\\n1-3. Think about whether the person accepts responsibility.\\nAbusive people generally refuse responsibility for their actions whenever possible. They blame others for their feelings and actions.\\nFor example, an abusive person might say something like, “You just make me so angry when you contradict me that I can’t control myself.” This type of statement shifts the blame for personal actions to another person.\\nAn abusive person might also blame others for the failure of past relationships. This can be difficult to see as a warning sign, especially if you seem to look good by comparison. For example, an abusive person might shift the blame for a past failed relationship by saying something like, “You’re so nice, not like the psycho I used to date.”\\n1-4. Think about whether you feel acknowledged.\\nAn abusive person will often feel entitled, as though his/her needs and ideas are more important than anyone else’s. Even in a relationship where one partner “takes charge,” a healthy relationship will consider the ideas and needs of both partners. Abusive relationships are usually very one-sided. \\nIf you don’t feel like your partner listens to you or is interested in your ideas and needs, this is a warning sign that the relationship is not healthy.\\nYou should feel comfortable talking with your partner about difficult topics, even disagreeing with him/her. While compromise can be tough to achieve even in healthy relationships, both partners should feel like they are heard and respected.\\nA person who is constantly invested in being “right” at all costs is unlikely to pay appropriate attention to your needs and desires\\n1-5. Look for signs of jealousy.\\nJealousy can seem flattering at first, like the other person cares so much about you that s/he can’t bear for anyone else to be interested in you. However, even minor jealousy is a warning sign that future controlling behavior may develop.\\nJealousy is different from the other person caring about you. It is not a sign of love. Jealousy is a sign that your partner does not trust you.\\n1-6. Watch how the other person interacts with others.\\nAbusive people are often very self-absorbed. How they treat others can be a good indication of how they will eventually treat you.\\nAbusive people may be unkind or disrespectful of others, especially those they perceive as “beneath” them. If your partner mistreats or belittles people in positions of less power, this is a warning sign that they will probably be comfortable mistreating you as well.\\n2. Identifying Abuse\\n2-1. Consider whether you feel free.\\nEven in the most committed healthy relationships, each partner should feel the freedom to express themselves and make their own decisions. Abusive people intentionally strip their victims of power and freedom. They are generally jealous and controlling and may even attempt to make you feel guilty for trying to express your own needs. Consider whether you see any of the following:\\nYour partner demands that you “check in” with him/her all the time\\nYour partner tries to control what you wear, where you go, and who you spend time with\\nYour internet, cellphone, or social media use is monitored, or your partner demands your account passwords\\nYou don’t have easy access to money or transportation\\nYour partner isolates you from your friends and family\\nYour partner forbids you to see other people unless s/he is with you, or expresses anger that you want to spend time with friends on your own\\n2-2. Think about how you feel around your partner.\\nEveryone has moments when they become irritated or even angry with their partner, or feel hurt by their partner’s words or actions. However, these experiences should be occasional and short-lived. If you feel consistently sad, hurt, humiliated, or frustrated with your partner, this is a sign that you are not in a healthy relationship. Consider the following: \\nDo you feel like your partner “sucks the life” out of you? Is spending time with him/her emotionally or even physically exhausting?\\nDo you feel bad about yourself when you’re around your partner?\\nDoes the other person try to make you feel responsible or guilty for his/her feelings and actions?\\nDo you feel uncomfortable, embarrassed, or belittled around your partner?\\nDo you feel like there are different standards for your behavior vs. your partner’s?\\n2-3. Listen to how your partner speaks to you.\\nHealthy relationships do not involve belittling, humiliation, disrespect, or intimidation. It’s natural for partners to occasionally hurt the other person’s feelings, but this should never be intentional, and the person causing the hurt should acknowledge and apologize for it. Ask yourself the following to determine whether you may be in an abusive relationship:\\nDoes your partner constantly criticize or nitpick you?\\nDoes your partner call you names or use abusive language towards you?\\nAre you told that you “deserve” abusive language or actions?\\nDoes your partner continue to do things after you have expressed that they hurt you?\\nDo you feel ignored, dismissed, or disrespected?\\nDoes your partner scream or yell at you?\\nDo you feel bad about yourself when your partner speaks to you?\\n2-4. Consider whether you feel safe.\\nEven the threat of violence is abuse. Threatening to hurt you or your loved ones if you do not do what they want is a common tactic by abusive people. You should feel safe and stable in your relationship. If you don't, it’s a sign that you are not in a healthy relationship and need immediate help.\\nAbuse can be more than hitting, kicking, or slapping. Physical abuse also extends to destroying your property, hurting pets, denying your basic needs, keeping you confined, or abandoning you in strange or dangerous places.\\n2-5. Consider whether your sex life feels mutually fulfilling.\\nAbusive people may use coercion, manipulation, or force to get what they want, and this extends to sexual activity. Healthy sexual relationships are consensual and mutual. If you don’t feel like your partner respects your wishes, or if you feel pressured or coerced into doing things you don’t want to do, this is a sign of sexual abuse.\\nYou can consent to certain sexual acts and refuse others. There is no relationship “contract” that means you must perform any sexual activity that you don’t want to do. Even if you have had and enjoyed sex with your partner many times before, you always have the right to say “no” and have that wish respected.\\nPressure or coercion is abuse, too. If your partner tries to manipulate you into sexual activities by saying things like, “If you really loved me, you’d do this” it is a sign that you are in an unhealthy relationship.\\nYou should also feel in control of your birth control and/or STI protection choices. Your partner should respect these choices and should not attempt to pressure or force you to perform sexual activity without your preferred protection.\\n3. Leaving an Abusive Relationship\\n3-1. Know that abuse is never your fault.\\nUnfortunately, it’s a common misconception that some people “deserve” abuse or were “asking for trouble.” This is completely untrue. No matter what you did or didn’t do, you deserve to be treated with dignity and kindness. Abuse is never the victim’s fault.\\nThis is true for all types of abuse. Each person is responsible for her/his own actions.\\n3-2. Confide in someone you trust.\\nIt can be difficult and even dangerous to leave an abusive relationship. Don’t go through it alone. Find someone you trust to talk about your concerns with. This could be a friend, relative, counselor, authority figure, or someone from your religious tradition. Tell them what you’re going through and ask for their support.\\nThe more support you have, the more likely you are to be able to leave an abusive relationship and move on to a healthy, happy life.\\n3-3. Contact a domestic violence hotline.\\nThese hotlines can help you even if you don’t have an emergency. They provide trained advocates to listen to you and help you brainstorm about your situation. They can help you figure out how to safely deal with your situation, provide referrals to local resources, and provide a compassionate person for you to talk to.\\nIn the US, contact the National Domestic Violence Hotline 24/7 at 1-800-799-SAFE for free, confidential help.\\nCheck out the HotPeachPages for an international directory of domestic violence agencies.\\n3-4. Cut off your abuser.\\nAbusive people will very often try to get back into your good graces by promising to change. This is part of the cycle of abuse and you should not trust it. Do not interact with the abusive person in any way.\\nYou may also feel pressured by your community, family, or traditions to “forgive” your abuser. Remember that true forgiveness is done for your sake, not the other person’s. You can choose to give up the burden of anger without allowing the abuse to continue.\\nIt is very hard to obtain closure unless you remove the abuser from your life.\\n3-5. Seek professional help.\\nOvercoming the effects of abuse can be incredibly difficult. Between 31-84% of survivors of domestic abuse develop symptoms of PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). Abuse can also trigger depression and anxiety. A mental health professional can help you work through the wounds left by abuse and live a healthy, happy life.\\nMany domestic violence agencies, hospitals, doctors, and women’s shelters can refer you to trained counselors and therapists.\\nLook for a therapist who uses “evidence-based” treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), cognitive processing therapy (CPT), prolonged exposure therapy (PE), or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR is a common treatment used with PTSD.\\n3-6. Strengthen your support network.\\nVictims of abuse may become conditioned to expect abuse from their relationships as “normal” or something they “deserve.” This conditioning increases the likelihood that future relationships will also be abusive. Surrounding yourself with people who treat you well, with care, love, and dignity, can help you recognize that you deserve to be treated this way.\\nMake friends. It’s common for people in abusive relationships to feel isolated from their friends and family. Making new friends can help you feel stronger and more confident.\\nJoin a club or group. Associating with like-minded people or people with similar interests to yours can help you feel like you’re part of a larger community.\\nBe open with people you trust. Some people may judge you, and this is wrong and unfair. However, many people are happy to simply be there for you. Talking about your experiences with people you trust can help you process and move on from them.\\nTips\\nRemember that it is much better to be on your own than with the wrong partner and in the wrong relationship.\\nYou are always worth respect and dignity. Don’t put up with anyone who does not treat you this way.\\nWarnings\\nAbuse does not “get better.” In fact, it becomes steadily worse over time. Don’t stay because you hope you can “love” your partner into changing. The only person who can change your partner is him or her.\\nIf you are in an emergency, call 911 or your emergency services immediately.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"A relationship can be abusive in many ways, but ultimately, abuse boils down to power and control. A relationship is abusive when one partner uses any type of violence, whether it is physical, sexual, emotional, economic, or psychological, to influence or control the other partner. While it is more common for women to be the victims of relationship abuse, men can also experience abuse. Abuse occurs just as commonly in LGBTQ relationships as in heterosexual relationships. If you believe you are in an abusive relationship, seek immediate help, such as by calling the National Domestic Violence Hotline at 1-800-799-SAFE. You can also learn how to identify the warning signs of an abusive relationship.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Recognizing an Abusive Personality\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look for unhealthy perfectionism.\", \"描述\": \"Abusive people often operate with extremely unrealistic expectations. They believe that things should always go in a certain way or conform to their particular standards. They have a strong sense of what is “fair” and “unfair,” and they are generally very inflexible. When things do not meet unrealistic expectations, abusive people may become explosive, resentful, angry and even violent.\\nAn abusive person usually holds other people to unrealistic and unfair standards as well, particularly romantic partners. The abuser may say things such as “You’re the only person I need in my life” and expect you to fulfill every single need.\\nAbusive people often become unreasonably angry over even minor difficulties, such as a traffic jam or a child’s low grade on an exam.\\nA person simply with perfectionistic tendencies do not necessarily mean he or she is a possible abuser. But the above behaviors can indicate someone with \\\"red flags\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Consider whether the person displays “mood swings” or other signs of emotional disturbance.\", \"描述\": \"Everyone has mood swings sometimes, but abusive people often fluctuate between emotional extremes. It may feel like you are “walking on eggshells” around this person, or like s/he has a “hair trigger” that anything could set off.\\nAbusive people may bottle up their emotions until they explode. Or, they may become passive-aggressive and try to make you feel guilty in some way. Explosiveness and hypersensitivity are both warning signs of an emotionally unhealthy person.\\nIn some cases, emotional instability may be caused by mental or behavioral disorders. If this is the case, your partner needs treatment and counseling. You should not stay with an abusive person simply because s/he needs help.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Think about whether the person accepts responsibility.\", \"描述\": \"Abusive people generally refuse responsibility for their actions whenever possible. They blame others for their feelings and actions.\\nFor example, an abusive person might say something like, “You just make me so angry when you contradict me that I can’t control myself.” This type of statement shifts the blame for personal actions to another person.\\nAn abusive person might also blame others for the failure of past relationships. This can be difficult to see as a warning sign, especially if you seem to look good by comparison. For example, an abusive person might shift the blame for a past failed relationship by saying something like, “You’re so nice, not like the psycho I used to date.”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Think about whether you feel acknowledged.\", \"描述\": \"An abusive person will often feel entitled, as though his/her needs and ideas are more important than anyone else’s. Even in a relationship where one partner “takes charge,” a healthy relationship will consider the ideas and needs of both partners. Abusive relationships are usually very one-sided. \\nIf you don’t feel like your partner listens to you or is interested in your ideas and needs, this is a warning sign that the relationship is not healthy.\\nYou should feel comfortable talking with your partner about difficult topics, even disagreeing with him/her. While compromise can be tough to achieve even in healthy relationships, both partners should feel like they are heard and respected.\\nA person who is constantly invested in being “right” at all costs is unlikely to pay appropriate attention to your needs and desires\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Look for signs of jealousy.\", \"描述\": \"Jealousy can seem flattering at first, like the other person cares so much about you that s/he can’t bear for anyone else to be interested in you. However, even minor jealousy is a warning sign that future controlling behavior may develop.\\nJealousy is different from the other person caring about you. It is not a sign of love. Jealousy is a sign that your partner does not trust you.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Watch how the other person interacts with others.\", \"描述\": \"Abusive people are often very self-absorbed. How they treat others can be a good indication of how they will eventually treat you.\\nAbusive people may be unkind or disrespectful of others, especially those they perceive as “beneath” them. If your partner mistreats or belittles people in positions of less power, this is a warning sign that they will probably be comfortable mistreating you as well.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Identifying Abuse\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Consider whether you feel free.\", \"描述\": \"Even in the most committed healthy relationships, each partner should feel the freedom to express themselves and make their own decisions. Abusive people intentionally strip their victims of power and freedom. They are generally jealous and controlling and may even attempt to make you feel guilty for trying to express your own needs. Consider whether you see any of the following:\\nYour partner demands that you “check in” with him/her all the time\\nYour partner tries to control what you wear, where you go, and who you spend time with\\nYour internet, cellphone, or social media use is monitored, or your partner demands your account passwords\\nYou don’t have easy access to money or transportation\\nYour partner isolates you from your friends and family\\nYour partner forbids you to see other people unless s/he is with you, or expresses anger that you want to spend time with friends on your own\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Think about how you feel around your partner.\", \"描述\": \"Everyone has moments when they become irritated or even angry with their partner, or feel hurt by their partner’s words or actions. However, these experiences should be occasional and short-lived. If you feel consistently sad, hurt, humiliated, or frustrated with your partner, this is a sign that you are not in a healthy relationship. Consider the following: \\nDo you feel like your partner “sucks the life” out of you? Is spending time with him/her emotionally or even physically exhausting?\\nDo you feel bad about yourself when you’re around your partner?\\nDoes the other person try to make you feel responsible or guilty for his/her feelings and actions?\\nDo you feel uncomfortable, embarrassed, or belittled around your partner?\\nDo you feel like there are different standards for your behavior vs. your partner’s?\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Listen to how your partner speaks to you.\", \"描述\": \"Healthy relationships do not involve belittling, humiliation, disrespect, or intimidation. It’s natural for partners to occasionally hurt the other person’s feelings, but this should never be intentional, and the person causing the hurt should acknowledge and apologize for it. Ask yourself the following to determine whether you may be in an abusive relationship:\\nDoes your partner constantly criticize or nitpick you?\\nDoes your partner call you names or use abusive language towards you?\\nAre you told that you “deserve” abusive language or actions?\\nDoes your partner continue to do things after you have expressed that they hurt you?\\nDo you feel ignored, dismissed, or disrespected?\\nDoes your partner scream or yell at you?\\nDo you feel bad about yourself when your partner speaks to you?\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider whether you feel safe.\", \"描述\": \"Even the threat of violence is abuse. Threatening to hurt you or your loved ones if you do not do what they want is a common tactic by abusive people. You should feel safe and stable in your relationship. If you don't, it’s a sign that you are not in a healthy relationship and need immediate help.\\nAbuse can be more than hitting, kicking, or slapping. Physical abuse also extends to destroying your property, hurting pets, denying your basic needs, keeping you confined, or abandoning you in strange or dangerous places.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Consider whether your sex life feels mutually fulfilling.\", \"描述\": \"Abusive people may use coercion, manipulation, or force to get what they want, and this extends to sexual activity. Healthy sexual relationships are consensual and mutual. If you don’t feel like your partner respects your wishes, or if you feel pressured or coerced into doing things you don’t want to do, this is a sign of sexual abuse.\\nYou can consent to certain sexual acts and refuse others. There is no relationship “contract” that means you must perform any sexual activity that you don’t want to do. Even if you have had and enjoyed sex with your partner many times before, you always have the right to say “no” and have that wish respected.\\nPressure or coercion is abuse, too. If your partner tries to manipulate you into sexual activities by saying things like, “If you really loved me, you’d do this” it is a sign that you are in an unhealthy relationship.\\nYou should also feel in control of your birth control and/or STI protection choices. Your partner should respect these choices and should not attempt to pressure or force you to perform sexual activity without your preferred protection.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Leaving an Abusive Relationship\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know that abuse is never your fault.\", \"描述\": \"Unfortunately, it’s a common misconception that some people “deserve” abuse or were “asking for trouble.” This is completely untrue. No matter what you did or didn’t do, you deserve to be treated with dignity and kindness. Abuse is never the victim’s fault.\\nThis is true for all types of abuse. Each person is responsible for her/his own actions.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Confide in someone you trust.\", \"描述\": \"It can be difficult and even dangerous to leave an abusive relationship. Don’t go through it alone. Find someone you trust to talk about your concerns with. This could be a friend, relative, counselor, authority figure, or someone from your religious tradition. Tell them what you’re going through and ask for their support.\\nThe more support you have, the more likely you are to be able to leave an abusive relationship and move on to a healthy, happy life.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Contact a domestic violence hotline.\", \"描述\": \"These hotlines can help you even if you don’t have an emergency. They provide trained advocates to listen to you and help you brainstorm about your situation. They can help you figure out how to safely deal with your situation, provide referrals to local resources, and provide a compassionate person for you to talk to.\\nIn the US, contact the National Domestic Violence Hotline 24/7 at 1-800-799-SAFE for free, confidential help.\\nCheck out the HotPeachPages for an international directory of domestic violence agencies.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Cut off your abuser.\", \"描述\": \"Abusive people will very often try to get back into your good graces by promising to change. This is part of the cycle of abuse and you should not trust it. Do not interact with the abusive person in any way.\\nYou may also feel pressured by your community, family, or traditions to “forgive” your abuser. Remember that true forgiveness is done for your sake, not the other person’s. You can choose to give up the burden of anger without allowing the abuse to continue.\\nIt is very hard to obtain closure unless you remove the abuser from your life.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Seek professional help.\", \"描述\": \"Overcoming the effects of abuse can be incredibly difficult. Between 31-84% of survivors of domestic abuse develop symptoms of PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder). Abuse can also trigger depression and anxiety. A mental health professional can help you work through the wounds left by abuse and live a healthy, happy life.\\nMany domestic violence agencies, hospitals, doctors, and women’s shelters can refer you to trained counselors and therapists.\\nLook for a therapist who uses “evidence-based” treatments, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), cognitive processing therapy (CPT), prolonged exposure therapy (PE), or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). EMDR is a common treatment used with PTSD.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Strengthen your support network.\", \"描述\": \"Victims of abuse may become conditioned to expect abuse from their relationships as “normal” or something they “deserve.” This conditioning increases the likelihood that future relationships will also be abusive. Surrounding yourself with people who treat you well, with care, love, and dignity, can help you recognize that you deserve to be treated this way.\\nMake friends. It’s common for people in abusive relationships to feel isolated from their friends and family. Making new friends can help you feel stronger and more confident.\\nJoin a club or group. Associating with like-minded people or people with similar interests to yours can help you feel like you’re part of a larger community.\\nBe open with people you trust. Some people may judge you, and this is wrong and unfair. However, many people are happy to simply be there for you. Talking about your experiences with people you trust can help you process and move on from them.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Remember that it is much better to be on your own than with the wrong partner and in the wrong relationship.\\n\", \"You are always worth respect and dignity. Don’t put up with anyone who does not treat you this way.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Abuse does not “get better.” In fact, it becomes steadily worse over time. Don’t stay because you hope you can “love” your partner into changing. The only person who can change your partner is him or her.\\n\", \"If you are in an emergency, call 911 or your emergency services immediately.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,270 | How to Avoid an Accident on a Motorcycle | 1. Being Aware of Your Surroundings
1-1. Complete a motorcycle safety course.
No matter your skill level, you can benefit from taking a safety course. These courses teach you how to avoid accidents, how to crash safely, and how to deal with the aftermath. Many countries have motorcycle safety organizations or government agencies that offer safety courses. Do an online search to find one in your area.
For example, the Motorcyclist Safety Foundation offers beginner and advanced courses all over US.
In England, the government offers “Enhanced Riding Schemes,” or courses that are designed to improve a rider’s safety.
1-2. Behave as if no car can see you.
Many drivers have trouble spotting motorcycles on the road, whether because of a blind spot or because they’re not paying attention. Whenever you’re driving near a car, assume that the rider cannot see you. For example:
Stay away from potential blind spots by riding in front of or behind a car.
When a car is backing up, assume they won’t see you in time to stop. Let them finish and then continue on your way.
If a car is merging into your lane, give them space. If they can’t see you they will run you over.
1-3. Pay attention to the wheels of other cars.
If you’re not sure where a car will turn, look at their wheels. The angle of the wheel will indicate where they want to go next. This information can help you avoid many accidents. For example:
You will be aware of cars trying to turn left on top of you.
A rider can see whether a driver will try to change lanes at an intersection.
If the car is backing up, you will know what direction they will most likely go.
1-4. Watch out for any obstructions in the road.
This can include cars, rocks, and other debris. By being watchful, you will give yourself enough time to avoid anything that you see on the road. For example, if you’re riding on a small country road, keep an eye out for any cars parked in your lane. Other dangerous road debris include:
Patches of gravel
Puddles of water
Oil on the road
Large branches on the street
1-5. Check your mirrors often.
Be aware of what’s going on behind you by checking your mirrors. It can be tempting to keep the eye on the road in front of you at all times. However, you can benefit from knowing what’s going on behind you. For example:
If a car is speeding, they may come up behind you quickly and startle you.
A car behind you may turn on their blinker, indicating that they may merge on top of you if you don’t pay attention.
2. Avoiding Common Mistakes
2-1. Be careful of cars turning left at intersections.
Many motorcyclists are hit at intersections by cars turning left on top of them. In fact, this is the most common type of motorcycle and car collision. To avoid getting hit, keep an eye on approaching car’s blinkers and give them plenty of room to turn.
If a car turns left near you without using their blinker, you may need to speed up or swerve to avoid them.
2-2. Position your hands over your brakes when stopping.
A large amount of motorcycle accidents happen at intersections. Therefore, you need to be able to brake at a moment’s notice when approaching a stop. Position your hands over both the front and the rear brakes as you stop to decrease your reaction time.
2-3. Avoid getting rear ended at stop lights.
Many cars overlook a motorcycle that’s parked at a light. To avoid getting hit, create a buffer between you and oncoming traffic by pulling in front of the car in front of you. Make sure to give the car a friendly wave as you move around them. Other methods of stopping at intersections include:
Stopping between traffic lines so that cars can’t hit you
Stopping to the side of the lane, giving you an escape route
2-4. Resist the urge to ride between cars in traffic.
What seems like a convenient time saver is actually a recipe for disaster. This is especially important when riding between an active lane and a lane of parked traffic. The dangers of riding between these cars include:
A car door opening, blocking your path
A car unexpectedly merging into another lane to escape traffic and merging on top of you
A driver cutting in front of you to merge, blocking your way
2-5. Avoid speeding through tight turns.
If you’re going through a turn too quickly, you may end up flying off the road. To prevent this from happening, avoid driving too quickly to correct a bad turn. The faster you’re going, the less time you’ll have to adjust for a sharp turn. Use visual clues such as light posts and telephone polls to help you gauge the severity of a turn.
If you find yourself in this position anyway, don’t slap on your brakes or chop the throttle. Instead, lean into the turn and try to ride it out.
2-6. Don’t drink and drive.
Half of the motorcycle accidents in the U.S. involve alcohol. Statistically, the best way to avoid an accident is to drive responsibly. Avoid drinking any kind of alcohol when riding your motorcycle.
If you’ve had too much to drink, play it safe and call a rideshare or taxi. It’s better to have to come back for your motorcycle than get in a fatal accident.
2-7. Follow any speed limits.
It can be tempting to race down the road at top speed. However, if you go too fast, you won’t be as aware of the road. For example, if you’re speeding, you may not have time to swerve and avoid a patch of gravel. Other dangers include:
Not being able to turn properly because you’re going too fast
Running into a car, person, or animal
Hitting a patch of water and hydroplaning
3. Riding Safely
3-1. Buy motorcycle safety gear.
Do an online search to find a specialized motorcycle gear store in your area. When you visit the store, an associate will help you choose gear that fits and that meets safety standards. If you buy your gear used or online, you don’t have a guarantee that it will protect you. Always wear your gear, especially your helmet. Safety gear includes:
A motorcycle helmet
Riding boots
Gloves
Leathers (protective leather clothing)
Body armor
3-2. Maintain your motorcycle.
Get your motorcycle checked regularly to make sure all the parts are functioning properly. Additionally, if your motorcycle starts to make a strange noise or if you have trouble steering, see a mechanic. If you don’t, you may have an accident. Other regular maintenance includes:
Regularly changing the tires to prevent skidding and sliding
Changing the oil whenever needed
Rotating the tires if they are out of alignment
3-3. Practice braking.
Many riders are unprepared for any accident scenarios they encounter. If you practice braking quickly, the motions will be second-nature when you need them. First, find an empty parking lot or long, unused road. Practice speeding up and slamming on your brakes. When braking, keep your steering straight and your braking constant.
Start at smaller speeds and increase them as you become more comfortable with braking. For example, start by braking at 5 miles an hour, then moving to 10 miles an hour.
Some people believe that the best way to stop your motorcycle is to turn it on its side and slide. This is a dangerous, outdated method of stopping.
Warnings
Don't carry a pillion passenger until you are experienced enough. In the UK, for example, it is illegal to carry a pillion passenger until you get a full motorbike licence.
Verify that your bike is in good riding condition before every trip. Check that your lights and indicators are working, and if you are carrying a load, make sure it is secure.
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"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Being Aware of Your Surroundings\\n1-1. Complete a motorcycle safety course.\\nNo matter your skill level, you can benefit from taking a safety course. These courses teach you how to avoid accidents, how to crash safely, and how to deal with the aftermath. Many countries have motorcycle safety organizations or government agencies that offer safety courses. Do an online search to find one in your area.\\nFor example, the Motorcyclist Safety Foundation offers beginner and advanced courses all over US.\\nIn England, the government offers “Enhanced Riding Schemes,” or courses that are designed to improve a rider’s safety.\\n1-2. Behave as if no car can see you.\\nMany drivers have trouble spotting motorcycles on the road, whether because of a blind spot or because they’re not paying attention. Whenever you’re driving near a car, assume that the rider cannot see you. For example:\\nStay away from potential blind spots by riding in front of or behind a car.\\nWhen a car is backing up, assume they won’t see you in time to stop. Let them finish and then continue on your way.\\nIf a car is merging into your lane, give them space. If they can’t see you they will run you over.\\n1-3. Pay attention to the wheels of other cars.\\nIf you’re not sure where a car will turn, look at their wheels. The angle of the wheel will indicate where they want to go next. This information can help you avoid many accidents. For example:\\nYou will be aware of cars trying to turn left on top of you.\\nA rider can see whether a driver will try to change lanes at an intersection.\\nIf the car is backing up, you will know what direction they will most likely go.\\n1-4. Watch out for any obstructions in the road.\\nThis can include cars, rocks, and other debris. By being watchful, you will give yourself enough time to avoid anything that you see on the road. For example, if you’re riding on a small country road, keep an eye out for any cars parked in your lane. Other dangerous road debris include:\\nPatches of gravel\\nPuddles of water\\nOil on the road\\nLarge branches on the street\\n1-5. Check your mirrors often.\\nBe aware of what’s going on behind you by checking your mirrors. It can be tempting to keep the eye on the road in front of you at all times. However, you can benefit from knowing what’s going on behind you. For example:\\nIf a car is speeding, they may come up behind you quickly and startle you.\\nA car behind you may turn on their blinker, indicating that they may merge on top of you if you don’t pay attention.\\n2. Avoiding Common Mistakes\\n2-1. Be careful of cars turning left at intersections.\\nMany motorcyclists are hit at intersections by cars turning left on top of them. In fact, this is the most common type of motorcycle and car collision. To avoid getting hit, keep an eye on approaching car’s blinkers and give them plenty of room to turn.\\nIf a car turns left near you without using their blinker, you may need to speed up or swerve to avoid them.\\n2-2. Position your hands over your brakes when stopping.\\nA large amount of motorcycle accidents happen at intersections. Therefore, you need to be able to brake at a moment’s notice when approaching a stop. Position your hands over both the front and the rear brakes as you stop to decrease your reaction time.\\n2-3. Avoid getting rear ended at stop lights.\\nMany cars overlook a motorcycle that’s parked at a light. To avoid getting hit, create a buffer between you and oncoming traffic by pulling in front of the car in front of you. Make sure to give the car a friendly wave as you move around them. Other methods of stopping at intersections include:\\nStopping between traffic lines so that cars can’t hit you\\nStopping to the side of the lane, giving you an escape route\\n2-4. Resist the urge to ride between cars in traffic.\\nWhat seems like a convenient time saver is actually a recipe for disaster. This is especially important when riding between an active lane and a lane of parked traffic. The dangers of riding between these cars include:\\nA car door opening, blocking your path\\nA car unexpectedly merging into another lane to escape traffic and merging on top of you\\nA driver cutting in front of you to merge, blocking your way\\n2-5. Avoid speeding through tight turns.\\nIf you’re going through a turn too quickly, you may end up flying off the road. To prevent this from happening, avoid driving too quickly to correct a bad turn. The faster you’re going, the less time you’ll have to adjust for a sharp turn. Use visual clues such as light posts and telephone polls to help you gauge the severity of a turn.\\nIf you find yourself in this position anyway, don’t slap on your brakes or chop the throttle. Instead, lean into the turn and try to ride it out.\\n2-6. Don’t drink and drive.\\nHalf of the motorcycle accidents in the U.S. involve alcohol. Statistically, the best way to avoid an accident is to drive responsibly. Avoid drinking any kind of alcohol when riding your motorcycle.\\nIf you’ve had too much to drink, play it safe and call a rideshare or taxi. It’s better to have to come back for your motorcycle than get in a fatal accident.\\n2-7. Follow any speed limits.\\nIt can be tempting to race down the road at top speed. However, if you go too fast, you won’t be as aware of the road. For example, if you’re speeding, you may not have time to swerve and avoid a patch of gravel. Other dangers include:\\nNot being able to turn properly because you’re going too fast\\nRunning into a car, person, or animal\\nHitting a patch of water and hydroplaning\\n3. Riding Safely\\n3-1. Buy motorcycle safety gear.\\nDo an online search to find a specialized motorcycle gear store in your area. When you visit the store, an associate will help you choose gear that fits and that meets safety standards. If you buy your gear used or online, you don’t have a guarantee that it will protect you. Always wear your gear, especially your helmet. Safety gear includes:\\nA motorcycle helmet\\nRiding boots\\nGloves\\nLeathers (protective leather clothing)\\nBody armor\\n3-2. Maintain your motorcycle.\\nGet your motorcycle checked regularly to make sure all the parts are functioning properly. Additionally, if your motorcycle starts to make a strange noise or if you have trouble steering, see a mechanic. If you don’t, you may have an accident. Other regular maintenance includes:\\nRegularly changing the tires to prevent skidding and sliding\\nChanging the oil whenever needed\\nRotating the tires if they are out of alignment\\n3-3. Practice braking.\\nMany riders are unprepared for any accident scenarios they encounter. If you practice braking quickly, the motions will be second-nature when you need them. First, find an empty parking lot or long, unused road. Practice speeding up and slamming on your brakes. When braking, keep your steering straight and your braking constant.\\nStart at smaller speeds and increase them as you become more comfortable with braking. For example, start by braking at 5 miles an hour, then moving to 10 miles an hour.\\nSome people believe that the best way to stop your motorcycle is to turn it on its side and slide. This is a dangerous, outdated method of stopping.\\nWarnings\\nDon't carry a pillion passenger until you are experienced enough. In the UK, for example, it is illegal to carry a pillion passenger until you get a full motorbike licence.\\nVerify that your bike is in good riding condition before every trip. Check that your lights and indicators are working, and if you are carrying a load, make sure it is secure.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Many people enjoy the freedom and adrenaline rush that riding a motorcycle can give you. However, riding a motorcycle is very dangerous if you’re unprepared. First, take a motorcycle safety course in your area to learn how to ride safely. Next, always be aware of the road conditions and dodge any obstructions. Avoid common driving mistakes by paying attention to the cars around you. Finally, ride safely by wearing safety gear and maintaining your motorcycle.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Being Aware of Your Surroundings\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Complete a motorcycle safety course.\", \"描述\": \"No matter your skill level, you can benefit from taking a safety course. These courses teach you how to avoid accidents, how to crash safely, and how to deal with the aftermath. Many countries have motorcycle safety organizations or government agencies that offer safety courses. Do an online search to find one in your area.\\nFor example, the Motorcyclist Safety Foundation offers beginner and advanced courses all over US.\\nIn England, the government offers “Enhanced Riding Schemes,” or courses that are designed to improve a rider’s safety.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Behave as if no car can see you.\", \"描述\": \"Many drivers have trouble spotting motorcycles on the road, whether because of a blind spot or because they’re not paying attention. Whenever you’re driving near a car, assume that the rider cannot see you. For example:\\nStay away from potential blind spots by riding in front of or behind a car.\\nWhen a car is backing up, assume they won’t see you in time to stop. Let them finish and then continue on your way.\\nIf a car is merging into your lane, give them space. If they can’t see you they will run you over.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Pay attention to the wheels of other cars.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re not sure where a car will turn, look at their wheels. The angle of the wheel will indicate where they want to go next. This information can help you avoid many accidents. For example:\\nYou will be aware of cars trying to turn left on top of you.\\nA rider can see whether a driver will try to change lanes at an intersection.\\nIf the car is backing up, you will know what direction they will most likely go.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Watch out for any obstructions in the road.\", \"描述\": \"This can include cars, rocks, and other debris. By being watchful, you will give yourself enough time to avoid anything that you see on the road. For example, if you’re riding on a small country road, keep an eye out for any cars parked in your lane. Other dangerous road debris include:\\nPatches of gravel\\nPuddles of water\\nOil on the road\\nLarge branches on the street\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check your mirrors often.\", \"描述\": \"Be aware of what’s going on behind you by checking your mirrors. It can be tempting to keep the eye on the road in front of you at all times. However, you can benefit from knowing what’s going on behind you. For example:\\nIf a car is speeding, they may come up behind you quickly and startle you.\\nA car behind you may turn on their blinker, indicating that they may merge on top of you if you don’t pay attention.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Common Mistakes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be careful of cars turning left at intersections.\", \"描述\": \"Many motorcyclists are hit at intersections by cars turning left on top of them. In fact, this is the most common type of motorcycle and car collision. To avoid getting hit, keep an eye on approaching car’s blinkers and give them plenty of room to turn.\\nIf a car turns left near you without using their blinker, you may need to speed up or swerve to avoid them.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Position your hands over your brakes when stopping.\", \"描述\": \"A large amount of motorcycle accidents happen at intersections. Therefore, you need to be able to brake at a moment’s notice when approaching a stop. Position your hands over both the front and the rear brakes as you stop to decrease your reaction time.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid getting rear ended at stop lights.\", \"描述\": \"Many cars overlook a motorcycle that’s parked at a light. To avoid getting hit, create a buffer between you and oncoming traffic by pulling in front of the car in front of you. Make sure to give the car a friendly wave as you move around them. Other methods of stopping at intersections include:\\nStopping between traffic lines so that cars can’t hit you\\nStopping to the side of the lane, giving you an escape route\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Resist the urge to ride between cars in traffic.\", \"描述\": \"What seems like a convenient time saver is actually a recipe for disaster. This is especially important when riding between an active lane and a lane of parked traffic. The dangers of riding between these cars include:\\nA car door opening, blocking your path\\nA car unexpectedly merging into another lane to escape traffic and merging on top of you\\nA driver cutting in front of you to merge, blocking your way\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Avoid speeding through tight turns.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re going through a turn too quickly, you may end up flying off the road. To prevent this from happening, avoid driving too quickly to correct a bad turn. The faster you’re going, the less time you’ll have to adjust for a sharp turn. Use visual clues such as light posts and telephone polls to help you gauge the severity of a turn.\\nIf you find yourself in this position anyway, don’t slap on your brakes or chop the throttle. Instead, lean into the turn and try to ride it out.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Don’t drink and drive.\", \"描述\": \"Half of the motorcycle accidents in the U.S. involve alcohol. Statistically, the best way to avoid an accident is to drive responsibly. Avoid drinking any kind of alcohol when riding your motorcycle.\\nIf you’ve had too much to drink, play it safe and call a rideshare or taxi. It’s better to have to come back for your motorcycle than get in a fatal accident.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Follow any speed limits.\", \"描述\": \"It can be tempting to race down the road at top speed. However, if you go too fast, you won’t be as aware of the road. For example, if you’re speeding, you may not have time to swerve and avoid a patch of gravel. Other dangers include:\\nNot being able to turn properly because you’re going too fast\\nRunning into a car, person, or animal\\nHitting a patch of water and hydroplaning\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Riding Safely\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Buy motorcycle safety gear.\", \"描述\": \"Do an online search to find a specialized motorcycle gear store in your area. When you visit the store, an associate will help you choose gear that fits and that meets safety standards. If you buy your gear used or online, you don’t have a guarantee that it will protect you. Always wear your gear, especially your helmet. Safety gear includes:\\nA motorcycle helmet\\nRiding boots\\nGloves\\nLeathers (protective leather clothing)\\nBody armor\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Maintain your motorcycle.\", \"描述\": \"Get your motorcycle checked regularly to make sure all the parts are functioning properly. Additionally, if your motorcycle starts to make a strange noise or if you have trouble steering, see a mechanic. If you don’t, you may have an accident. Other regular maintenance includes:\\nRegularly changing the tires to prevent skidding and sliding\\nChanging the oil whenever needed\\nRotating the tires if they are out of alignment\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Practice braking.\", \"描述\": \"Many riders are unprepared for any accident scenarios they encounter. If you practice braking quickly, the motions will be second-nature when you need them. First, find an empty parking lot or long, unused road. Practice speeding up and slamming on your brakes. When braking, keep your steering straight and your braking constant.\\nStart at smaller speeds and increase them as you become more comfortable with braking. For example, start by braking at 5 miles an hour, then moving to 10 miles an hour.\\nSome people believe that the best way to stop your motorcycle is to turn it on its side and slide. This is a dangerous, outdated method of stopping.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't carry a pillion passenger until you are experienced enough. In the UK, for example, it is illegal to carry a pillion passenger until you get a full motorbike licence.\\n\", \"Verify that your bike is in good riding condition before every trip. Check that your lights and indicators are working, and if you are carrying a load, make sure it is secure.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,271 | How to Avoid an Alligator Attack | 1. Understanding the Habits of Alligators
1-1. Stay away from alligators.
It may seem obvious, but the easiest way to avoid an alligator attack is to avoid these territorial predators. Alligators will often stand their ground when on land. They don’t flee like other animals, so as soon as you see an alligator, move away from them. Alligators are unlikely to attack unless you get too close to their nest or corner them, so leave at least 15 feet between you and the alligator. If it shows aggression, move further away or find a safe place in a house or car. Alligators are very adept climbers, so getting to higher ground may make it easier for you to watch the alligator, but it does not mean they won’t be able to reach you.
1-2. Move away from aggressive alligators.
Warning signs of aggression include hissing, opening the mouth, and moving their heads or bodies towards you. Move away from these alligators immediately. Another less obvious sign of aggression is not retreating into the water as you approach. If an alligator is partially in water, they will typically move back into the water where they feel more comfortable when humans approach. If they don’t do this, they may have a nest near by, see you as a food source, or perceive you as a threat.
Alligators are surprisingly fast. If they don’t move away from you or they otherwise show aggression, be proactive and get to a safe place as quickly as possible.
1-3. Be aware of feeding habits.
Alligators tend to get hungry and active between dusk and dawn. Alligators are "opportunistic feeders." This means they eat anything in sight, including other alligators. Your best safety measure is to always be aware of your surroundings when alligators could be present, but this is most important at nighttime, when alligators are hunting. Do not go into water where alligators are known to habitat during the night, especially if you’re alone.
Most alligator attacks happen when people are in the water and are unable to see clearly or are not alert to their surroundings. Never swim when alligators are hunting, and always swim in pairs. This way, one person can keep watch for alligator activity.
1-4. Don't feed the alligators.
This can cause an alligator to lose its fear of people, which means that the next snack you feed the gator might be yourself. Feeding alligators also endangers unsuspecting people who may get attacked by an alligator who associates people with food. Feeding an alligator is against the law, and it could lead to a fine or even jail time. Additionally, it is a death sentence for the animal. Officials will need to "harvest" an un-intimidated alligator immediately.
Feeding alligators makes them harder to find because sated gators, those no longer in need of food, are able to dedicate more of their energy to finding adequate habitation and coverage.
You should also avoid throwing scraps into the water. You may not be intentionally feeding alligators, but if they learn that there will be food in a specific spot, they’ll begin to spend more time there.
1-5. Leave alligators where they are.
People often get injured attempting to move alligators out of the road. This is never a good idea. Leading the alligator with food, honking, or throwing objects at the alligator is just as likely to trigger an attack as it is to achieve a cleared road. Drive around the alligator whenever possible, or wait the alligator out.
1-6. Avoid touching alligator nests.
You may not realize right away that you’re looking at an alligator nest, but if you see large piles of sticks and grass along the waterline with eggs or small alligators, four feet or shorter, it’s likely the mother is nearby. Approaching, touching, or otherwise tampering with an alligator nest is one of the easiest ways to trigger an attack.
1-7. Remember that alligators are not pets.
These deadly predators were not intended to be domesticated. While they’re beautiful and majestic creatures, they are unlikely to be tamed despite the best training efforts. Even if a so called domesticated alligator never harms its owner, they are much more likely to harm other humans, since they have developed the expectation that humans will bring them food. It is also important to remember that it’s illegal to keep alligators as pets.
1-8. Avoid cornering alligators.
They are more likely to attack if they feel threatened. Because they are territorial, alligators feel threatened when trapped where they don’t feel they can defend their habitat or their young. If you inadvertently corner a gator, move away quickly.
1-9. Educate yourself on common alligator behaviors.
The greater your understanding of typical alligator habits, the more likely you are to notice when something is wrong. Male alligators prefer open waters such as canals and ponds while female alligators dwell in marshy areas to protect their young. If you see alligators outside of these areas, something may be amiss.
The majority of alligator attacks occur during breeding season, which is typically between March and July. During this time, they are out more often, and the males especially are more aggressive. Females who are nesting will also show increased aggression.
Alligators are territorial. They attack other alligators who invade their territory, and they will not hesitate to display aggressive behaviors towards people who enter their territory at any time of the year.
Alligators are nocturnal, so if you see one out in the open during the day, they are likely lost, scared, and confused. Get away from them quickly, and contact wildlife agencies like the Department of Natural Resources or Wildlife Department to alert them of the alligator’s presence.
2. Staying Safe When Living Near Alligators
2-1. Fence your property.
This might not keep an alligator out, but it will slow them down and keep kids and pets in. If you live in an area that alligators commonly inhabit, especially if there’s a water source on your property, fencing is a great way to keep your home safe from alligators. Additionally, fences tend to deter other alligator food sources like deer and wild hogs that may live in the area, making your property much less appealing to alligators.
2-2. Map out areas where alligators are often sighted.
If you share outdoor space with alligators, it’s important to keep track of where they are most often spotted. You can use a city or county map to mark places where you frequently see them, or ask your local Department of Natural Resources or Wildlife Department for information about the local areas where alligators are nesting or hunting.
You will mostly find alligators in fresh inland waters, but a small percentage can be found in salt water, too.
Alligators prefer murky water, water with growing vegetation, and marshy areas.
2-3. Let others know if there’s an alligator in the area.
If you have a neighborhood watch or homeowner’s association, contact whoever runs the organization to alert those who live in the area. If you spotted the alligator in a park, notify whatever community or governmental agency maintains the grounds. If you’re unsure who to contact, call the police or animal services department.
2-4. Swim in designated areas only.
If you can't resist swimming in local canals or ponds where alligators are frequently found, do not enter the water or be anywhere near it between dusk and dawn, and never swim in undesignated areas. Also, avoid swimming in obstructed water, dark or brackish water, or water with growing vegetation, as you are less likely to spot alligators in these areas. Additionally, it’s a good idea to swim in pairs, and have one person looking out for alligator activity at all times.
2-5. Walk or jog away from the water's edge.
If you see signs that say there are alligators in a certain lake, river, or pond be very careful when walking there. While most alligator filled lakes are fenced, not all of them are. Take special care to keep children and dogs at a very safe distance as they are the perfect meal-sized portion for a hungry alligator. Always stay at least ten feet from the water. Preferably, run only on designated paths. Never run at nighttime near bodies of water that may be inhabited by alligators.
3. Surviving Alligator Encounters
3-1. Run directly away from an alligator.
If you find yourself in a situation where you need to get away from an aggressive alligator or you’re being chased by an alligator, run away from it at a 45-degree angle. This way, the alligator would have to make a conscious decision to move its thousand-pound body in another direction, which is no easy task, in order to continue chasing you.
It is commonly believed that you should run in a zig-zag motion to escape the alligator’s field of vision. This tactic allows the alligator to keep you in view, if only intermittently, and continue the hunt.
3-2. Poke them in the eye.
If an alligator clamps down on you, a loved one, or a pet, you may be able to make them release their clutch by poking them in the eye. This should only be done if there’s no way to avoid the attack. In most cases, alligators who have clamped down will not release their prey, but this tactic has been shown to be effective.
3-3. Thrash around.
Alligators prefer small, easy to manage food sources, so lots of movement will discourage them from continuing their efforts. Swing your limbs, wriggle your body, and keep moving until they move on. The harder you fight the less interested the alligator will become.
3-4. Make a lot of noise.
Like the thrashing movements, loud sounds also discourage alligators from continuing their attacks. Noises may attract other alligators who will compete for their meal, so alligators will likely seek a less noisy food source. Additionally, this will likely attract the attention of others who can help you or call for assistance from others.
3-5. Seek treatment immediately.
If an alligator injures you, always seek treatment from a professional. Even if you don’t think the injury was severe, a serious infection can develop if alligator bites are left untreated. In most cases, you’ll need to complete a course of antibiotics, and you will likely need stitches.
Tips
View this excellent video on safety tips from the Naples News.
Never sneak up on an alligator! Alligators can’t see very well, so they will definitely view you as a threat.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:39",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Understanding the Habits of Alligators\\n1-1. Stay away from alligators.\\nIt may seem obvious, but the easiest way to avoid an alligator attack is to avoid these territorial predators. Alligators will often stand their ground when on land. They don’t flee like other animals, so as soon as you see an alligator, move away from them. Alligators are unlikely to attack unless you get too close to their nest or corner them, so leave at least 15 feet between you and the alligator. If it shows aggression, move further away or find a safe place in a house or car. Alligators are very adept climbers, so getting to higher ground may make it easier for you to watch the alligator, but it does not mean they won’t be able to reach you.\\n1-2. Move away from aggressive alligators.\\nWarning signs of aggression include hissing, opening the mouth, and moving their heads or bodies towards you. Move away from these alligators immediately. Another less obvious sign of aggression is not retreating into the water as you approach. If an alligator is partially in water, they will typically move back into the water where they feel more comfortable when humans approach. If they don’t do this, they may have a nest near by, see you as a food source, or perceive you as a threat.\\nAlligators are surprisingly fast. If they don’t move away from you or they otherwise show aggression, be proactive and get to a safe place as quickly as possible.\\n1-3. Be aware of feeding habits.\\nAlligators tend to get hungry and active between dusk and dawn. Alligators are \\\"opportunistic feeders.\\\" This means they eat anything in sight, including other alligators. Your best safety measure is to always be aware of your surroundings when alligators could be present, but this is most important at nighttime, when alligators are hunting. Do not go into water where alligators are known to habitat during the night, especially if you’re alone.\\nMost alligator attacks happen when people are in the water and are unable to see clearly or are not alert to their surroundings. Never swim when alligators are hunting, and always swim in pairs. This way, one person can keep watch for alligator activity.\\n1-4. Don't feed the alligators.\\nThis can cause an alligator to lose its fear of people, which means that the next snack you feed the gator might be yourself. Feeding alligators also endangers unsuspecting people who may get attacked by an alligator who associates people with food. Feeding an alligator is against the law, and it could lead to a fine or even jail time. Additionally, it is a death sentence for the animal. Officials will need to \\\"harvest\\\" an un-intimidated alligator immediately.\\nFeeding alligators makes them harder to find because sated gators, those no longer in need of food, are able to dedicate more of their energy to finding adequate habitation and coverage.\\nYou should also avoid throwing scraps into the water. You may not be intentionally feeding alligators, but if they learn that there will be food in a specific spot, they’ll begin to spend more time there.\\n1-5. Leave alligators where they are.\\nPeople often get injured attempting to move alligators out of the road. This is never a good idea. Leading the alligator with food, honking, or throwing objects at the alligator is just as likely to trigger an attack as it is to achieve a cleared road. Drive around the alligator whenever possible, or wait the alligator out.\\n1-6. Avoid touching alligator nests.\\nYou may not realize right away that you’re looking at an alligator nest, but if you see large piles of sticks and grass along the waterline with eggs or small alligators, four feet or shorter, it’s likely the mother is nearby. Approaching, touching, or otherwise tampering with an alligator nest is one of the easiest ways to trigger an attack.\\n1-7. Remember that alligators are not pets.\\nThese deadly predators were not intended to be domesticated. While they’re beautiful and majestic creatures, they are unlikely to be tamed despite the best training efforts. Even if a so called domesticated alligator never harms its owner, they are much more likely to harm other humans, since they have developed the expectation that humans will bring them food. It is also important to remember that it’s illegal to keep alligators as pets.\\n1-8. Avoid cornering alligators.\\nThey are more likely to attack if they feel threatened. Because they are territorial, alligators feel threatened when trapped where they don’t feel they can defend their habitat or their young. If you inadvertently corner a gator, move away quickly.\\n1-9. Educate yourself on common alligator behaviors.\\nThe greater your understanding of typical alligator habits, the more likely you are to notice when something is wrong. Male alligators prefer open waters such as canals and ponds while female alligators dwell in marshy areas to protect their young. If you see alligators outside of these areas, something may be amiss.\\nThe majority of alligator attacks occur during breeding season, which is typically between March and July. During this time, they are out more often, and the males especially are more aggressive. Females who are nesting will also show increased aggression.\\nAlligators are territorial. They attack other alligators who invade their territory, and they will not hesitate to display aggressive behaviors towards people who enter their territory at any time of the year.\\nAlligators are nocturnal, so if you see one out in the open during the day, they are likely lost, scared, and confused. Get away from them quickly, and contact wildlife agencies like the Department of Natural Resources or Wildlife Department to alert them of the alligator’s presence.\\n2. Staying Safe When Living Near Alligators\\n2-1. Fence your property.\\nThis might not keep an alligator out, but it will slow them down and keep kids and pets in. If you live in an area that alligators commonly inhabit, especially if there’s a water source on your property, fencing is a great way to keep your home safe from alligators. Additionally, fences tend to deter other alligator food sources like deer and wild hogs that may live in the area, making your property much less appealing to alligators.\\n2-2. Map out areas where alligators are often sighted.\\nIf you share outdoor space with alligators, it’s important to keep track of where they are most often spotted. You can use a city or county map to mark places where you frequently see them, or ask your local Department of Natural Resources or Wildlife Department for information about the local areas where alligators are nesting or hunting.\\nYou will mostly find alligators in fresh inland waters, but a small percentage can be found in salt water, too.\\nAlligators prefer murky water, water with growing vegetation, and marshy areas.\\n2-3. Let others know if there’s an alligator in the area.\\nIf you have a neighborhood watch or homeowner’s association, contact whoever runs the organization to alert those who live in the area. If you spotted the alligator in a park, notify whatever community or governmental agency maintains the grounds. If you’re unsure who to contact, call the police or animal services department.\\n2-4. Swim in designated areas only.\\nIf you can't resist swimming in local canals or ponds where alligators are frequently found, do not enter the water or be anywhere near it between dusk and dawn, and never swim in undesignated areas. Also, avoid swimming in obstructed water, dark or brackish water, or water with growing vegetation, as you are less likely to spot alligators in these areas. Additionally, it’s a good idea to swim in pairs, and have one person looking out for alligator activity at all times.\\n2-5. Walk or jog away from the water's edge.\\nIf you see signs that say there are alligators in a certain lake, river, or pond be very careful when walking there. While most alligator filled lakes are fenced, not all of them are. Take special care to keep children and dogs at a very safe distance as they are the perfect meal-sized portion for a hungry alligator. Always stay at least ten feet from the water. Preferably, run only on designated paths. Never run at nighttime near bodies of water that may be inhabited by alligators.\\n3. Surviving Alligator Encounters\\n3-1. Run directly away from an alligator.\\nIf you find yourself in a situation where you need to get away from an aggressive alligator or you’re being chased by an alligator, run away from it at a 45-degree angle. This way, the alligator would have to make a conscious decision to move its thousand-pound body in another direction, which is no easy task, in order to continue chasing you.\\nIt is commonly believed that you should run in a zig-zag motion to escape the alligator’s field of vision. This tactic allows the alligator to keep you in view, if only intermittently, and continue the hunt.\\n3-2. Poke them in the eye.\\nIf an alligator clamps down on you, a loved one, or a pet, you may be able to make them release their clutch by poking them in the eye. This should only be done if there’s no way to avoid the attack. In most cases, alligators who have clamped down will not release their prey, but this tactic has been shown to be effective.\\n3-3. Thrash around.\\nAlligators prefer small, easy to manage food sources, so lots of movement will discourage them from continuing their efforts. Swing your limbs, wriggle your body, and keep moving until they move on. The harder you fight the less interested the alligator will become.\\n3-4. Make a lot of noise.\\nLike the thrashing movements, loud sounds also discourage alligators from continuing their attacks. Noises may attract other alligators who will compete for their meal, so alligators will likely seek a less noisy food source. Additionally, this will likely attract the attention of others who can help you or call for assistance from others.\\n3-5. Seek treatment immediately.\\nIf an alligator injures you, always seek treatment from a professional. Even if you don’t think the injury was severe, a serious infection can develop if alligator bites are left untreated. In most cases, you’ll need to complete a course of antibiotics, and you will likely need stitches.\\nTips\\nView this excellent video on safety tips from the Naples News.\\nNever sneak up on an alligator! Alligators can’t see very well, so they will definitely view you as a threat.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Alligator attacks are very rare, but they do happen, so it’s important to keep safety at the front of your mind when you’re in alligator country. To ensure you, your child, or your pet avoid such a traumatizing, life or limb-threatening event, it’s important to be educated about alligator habits and habitats, avoid dangerous areas, and learn to deal with an aggressive alligator.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understanding the Habits of Alligators\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Stay away from alligators.\", \"描述\": \"It may seem obvious, but the easiest way to avoid an alligator attack is to avoid these territorial predators. Alligators will often stand their ground when on land. They don’t flee like other animals, so as soon as you see an alligator, move away from them. Alligators are unlikely to attack unless you get too close to their nest or corner them, so leave at least 15 feet between you and the alligator. If it shows aggression, move further away or find a safe place in a house or car. Alligators are very adept climbers, so getting to higher ground may make it easier for you to watch the alligator, but it does not mean they won’t be able to reach you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Move away from aggressive alligators.\", \"描述\": \"Warning signs of aggression include hissing, opening the mouth, and moving their heads or bodies towards you. Move away from these alligators immediately. Another less obvious sign of aggression is not retreating into the water as you approach. If an alligator is partially in water, they will typically move back into the water where they feel more comfortable when humans approach. If they don’t do this, they may have a nest near by, see you as a food source, or perceive you as a threat.\\nAlligators are surprisingly fast. If they don’t move away from you or they otherwise show aggression, be proactive and get to a safe place as quickly as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be aware of feeding habits.\", \"描述\": \"Alligators tend to get hungry and active between dusk and dawn. Alligators are \\\"opportunistic feeders.\\\" This means they eat anything in sight, including other alligators. Your best safety measure is to always be aware of your surroundings when alligators could be present, but this is most important at nighttime, when alligators are hunting. Do not go into water where alligators are known to habitat during the night, especially if you’re alone.\\nMost alligator attacks happen when people are in the water and are unable to see clearly or are not alert to their surroundings. Never swim when alligators are hunting, and always swim in pairs. This way, one person can keep watch for alligator activity.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don't feed the alligators.\", \"描述\": \"This can cause an alligator to lose its fear of people, which means that the next snack you feed the gator might be yourself. Feeding alligators also endangers unsuspecting people who may get attacked by an alligator who associates people with food. Feeding an alligator is against the law, and it could lead to a fine or even jail time. Additionally, it is a death sentence for the animal. Officials will need to \\\"harvest\\\" an un-intimidated alligator immediately.\\nFeeding alligators makes them harder to find because sated gators, those no longer in need of food, are able to dedicate more of their energy to finding adequate habitation and coverage.\\nYou should also avoid throwing scraps into the water. You may not be intentionally feeding alligators, but if they learn that there will be food in a specific spot, they’ll begin to spend more time there.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Leave alligators where they are.\", \"描述\": \"People often get injured attempting to move alligators out of the road. This is never a good idea. Leading the alligator with food, honking, or throwing objects at the alligator is just as likely to trigger an attack as it is to achieve a cleared road. Drive around the alligator whenever possible, or wait the alligator out.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Avoid touching alligator nests.\", \"描述\": \"You may not realize right away that you’re looking at an alligator nest, but if you see large piles of sticks and grass along the waterline with eggs or small alligators, four feet or shorter, it’s likely the mother is nearby. Approaching, touching, or otherwise tampering with an alligator nest is one of the easiest ways to trigger an attack.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Remember that alligators are not pets.\", \"描述\": \"These deadly predators were not intended to be domesticated. While they’re beautiful and majestic creatures, they are unlikely to be tamed despite the best training efforts. Even if a so called domesticated alligator never harms its owner, they are much more likely to harm other humans, since they have developed the expectation that humans will bring them food. It is also important to remember that it’s illegal to keep alligators as pets.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Avoid cornering alligators.\", \"描述\": \"They are more likely to attack if they feel threatened. Because they are territorial, alligators feel threatened when trapped where they don’t feel they can defend their habitat or their young. If you inadvertently corner a gator, move away quickly.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Educate yourself on common alligator behaviors.\", \"描述\": \"The greater your understanding of typical alligator habits, the more likely you are to notice when something is wrong. Male alligators prefer open waters such as canals and ponds while female alligators dwell in marshy areas to protect their young. If you see alligators outside of these areas, something may be amiss.\\nThe majority of alligator attacks occur during breeding season, which is typically between March and July. During this time, they are out more often, and the males especially are more aggressive. Females who are nesting will also show increased aggression.\\nAlligators are territorial. They attack other alligators who invade their territory, and they will not hesitate to display aggressive behaviors towards people who enter their territory at any time of the year.\\nAlligators are nocturnal, so if you see one out in the open during the day, they are likely lost, scared, and confused. Get away from them quickly, and contact wildlife agencies like the Department of Natural Resources or Wildlife Department to alert them of the alligator’s presence.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Staying Safe When Living Near Alligators\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fence your property.\", \"描述\": \"This might not keep an alligator out, but it will slow them down and keep kids and pets in. If you live in an area that alligators commonly inhabit, especially if there’s a water source on your property, fencing is a great way to keep your home safe from alligators. Additionally, fences tend to deter other alligator food sources like deer and wild hogs that may live in the area, making your property much less appealing to alligators.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Map out areas where alligators are often sighted.\", \"描述\": \"If you share outdoor space with alligators, it’s important to keep track of where they are most often spotted. You can use a city or county map to mark places where you frequently see them, or ask your local Department of Natural Resources or Wildlife Department for information about the local areas where alligators are nesting or hunting.\\nYou will mostly find alligators in fresh inland waters, but a small percentage can be found in salt water, too.\\nAlligators prefer murky water, water with growing vegetation, and marshy areas.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Let others know if there’s an alligator in the area.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a neighborhood watch or homeowner’s association, contact whoever runs the organization to alert those who live in the area. If you spotted the alligator in a park, notify whatever community or governmental agency maintains the grounds. If you’re unsure who to contact, call the police or animal services department.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Swim in designated areas only.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't resist swimming in local canals or ponds where alligators are frequently found, do not enter the water or be anywhere near it between dusk and dawn, and never swim in undesignated areas. Also, avoid swimming in obstructed water, dark or brackish water, or water with growing vegetation, as you are less likely to spot alligators in these areas. Additionally, it’s a good idea to swim in pairs, and have one person looking out for alligator activity at all times.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Walk or jog away from the water's edge.\", \"描述\": \"If you see signs that say there are alligators in a certain lake, river, or pond be very careful when walking there. While most alligator filled lakes are fenced, not all of them are. Take special care to keep children and dogs at a very safe distance as they are the perfect meal-sized portion for a hungry alligator. Always stay at least ten feet from the water. Preferably, run only on designated paths. Never run at nighttime near bodies of water that may be inhabited by alligators.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Surviving Alligator Encounters\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Run directly away from an alligator.\", \"描述\": \"If you find yourself in a situation where you need to get away from an aggressive alligator or you’re being chased by an alligator, run away from it at a 45-degree angle. This way, the alligator would have to make a conscious decision to move its thousand-pound body in another direction, which is no easy task, in order to continue chasing you.\\nIt is commonly believed that you should run in a zig-zag motion to escape the alligator’s field of vision. This tactic allows the alligator to keep you in view, if only intermittently, and continue the hunt.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Poke them in the eye.\", \"描述\": \"If an alligator clamps down on you, a loved one, or a pet, you may be able to make them release their clutch by poking them in the eye. This should only be done if there’s no way to avoid the attack. In most cases, alligators who have clamped down will not release their prey, but this tactic has been shown to be effective.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Thrash around.\", \"描述\": \"Alligators prefer small, easy to manage food sources, so lots of movement will discourage them from continuing their efforts. Swing your limbs, wriggle your body, and keep moving until they move on. The harder you fight the less interested the alligator will become.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make a lot of noise.\", \"描述\": \"Like the thrashing movements, loud sounds also discourage alligators from continuing their attacks. Noises may attract other alligators who will compete for their meal, so alligators will likely seek a less noisy food source. Additionally, this will likely attract the attention of others who can help you or call for assistance from others.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Seek treatment immediately.\", \"描述\": \"If an alligator injures you, always seek treatment from a professional. Even if you don’t think the injury was severe, a serious infection can develop if alligator bites are left untreated. In most cases, you’ll need to complete a course of antibiotics, and you will likely need stitches.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"View this excellent video on safety tips from the Naples News.\\n\", \"Never sneak up on an alligator! Alligators can’t see very well, so they will definitely view you as a threat.\\n\"]}]}}",
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} | wikihow |
3,272 | How to Avoid an Aneurysm | 1. Getting Screened
1-1. Learn your family history.
If at least two other members of your family have had aneurysms, either recently or in the past, you should be screened for the possibility of developing an aneurysm yourself. Doctors normally recommend such screenings every five years.
Most aneurysms are detected after the fact, when they've already become medical emergencies, or when brain imaging is performed for other purposes. Because it's a difficult thing to screen for, most doctors will recommend against testing and looking for aneurysms that are not ruptured, unless you've experienced any of the symptoms or fit the profile of an aneurysm.
In most cases, screening is recommended for men age 65-75 who have smoked at some point in their life. Men of this age group who have never smoked may receive selective screening based on the rest of their health history. Women in this age group generally aren't recommended for screening.
1-2. Recognize the symptoms of an aneurysm.
If you experience eye pain, specifically pain coming from behind the eye, as well as blurry vision and paralysis of the face, you need to talk to your doctor immediately and request that a screen and scan be performed.
1-3. Learn the different types of scans.
Your doctor may throw a lot of technical possibilities at you, so it helps to be somewhat informed before getting stuck in his or her office and getting locked into possibly-expensive tests that you might not want done. Generally, the scans performed will include:
. This is a special kind of X-Ray usually used to detect bleeding. The scanner produces slice-like sections of your brain to examine, and might also involve injections of fluid that will illuminate the blood in the images.
. An MRI generally uses a combination of radio waves that interact within a magnetic field to produce a detailed 2D or 3D version of your brain. Fluid may also be injected to improve the image. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) may be combined with your MRI. An MRA uses the same technology to produce images of the major blood vessels in your body.
. Also known as a "spinal tap," this is used in cases in which you've experienced a hemorrhage that isn't showing up on another scan. Despite the gruesome common name, most patients don't experience much discomfort during or following the test.
During this test, a thin probe is inserted near your groin and threaded through your arteries to your brain to inject a dye, which is used to track the flow of blood and check for hemorrhaging. It's the most invasive of the tests, only used when the others don't reveal anything.
During this test, your doctor or an ultrasound technician will perform a basic ultrasound of your abdomen. This is used to screen for an abdominal aortic aneurysm.
1-4. Talk to a specialist.
If your doctor notices something in a scan, or if you're concerned about the possibility of an aneurysm, you'll probably be referred to a specialist. If you fit the risk profile or have experienced any of the symptoms of an aneurysm, talk about your tests with a neurosurgeon or neurologist to get more information. Further tests and screens may be required, and you'll be able to get more specific information from an expert in the field.
2. Managing Your Health
2-1. Quit smoking.
In addition to increasing the risk of developing emphysema and lung cancer, smoking also increases your chances of developing an aneurysm. You may need your doctor's help to find the right program to help you quit.
Also avoid exposing yourself to secondhand smoke. If you fit the risk profile, avoid indoor areas that allow smoking.
2-2. Moderate your drinking.
Drinking too much alcohol can also weaken blood vessel walls, increasing the possibility of developing an aneurysm. If you have other problems related to excessive drinking, you may need to give it up entirely.
2-3. Use drugs correctly.
Abusing drugs, prescription or otherwise, can lead to inflammation in blood vessels and the formation of aneurysms. Habitual cocaine and amphetamine users are particularly susceptible to the development of brain aneurysms.
2-4. Adopt a healthy diet
Choose a diet with a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meat and non-meat protein sources. Avoid excess fats, cholesterol, sodium and sugar. Eat smaller portions, or start preparing more of your own meals to have more control over your portions. Consider eating several smaller meals throughout the day, rather than two or three big ones.
2-5. Exercise regularly.
Maintain good cardio health and do some light strength training to maintain a healthy body weight and physique. Exercising at least 30 minutes every day will help you avoid an aneurysm or prevent one from rupturing. Your doctor can recommend suitable exercises for you if you want to get started. You don't have to go all out. If you want to start exercising, try starting with:
Light stretches in the morning before breakfast. Just doing some calisthenics for 15 or 20 minutes each morning will get you moving and can be a nice warm up to stimulate other activities.
If you have been diagnosed with an unruptured aneurysm, isometric training, heavy lifting, or high-intensity exercise is not recommended. .
Check out some exercise videos online or at your local library for some guided instruction, or talk to your doctor for more possibilities.
2-6. Monitor your overall health.
Key factors to avoiding an aneurysm or preventing one from rupturing include monitoring your weight, cholesterol, blood glucose and blood pressure levels. Scheduling regular doctor's visits and staying on top of your health is the best way to avoid aneurysms altogether.
3. Managing Your Stress
3-1. Learn to recognize stress triggers in your life.
Taking steps to manage your stress level can help you avoid developing an aneurysm or, quite literally, "popping a blood vessel." If you want to lessen the amount of stress in your life, start by learning to recognize the things that cause stress that you can work on. You might be stressed out about:
Relationship issues
Work
Family commitments
Financial problems
Other trauma
3-2. Take some time off of work
You deserve a break, especially if you're concerned about your health. Discuss the possibility of taking some brief time off from your job to rest up and eliminate some of the stress that you're concerned about from your life. Forget about your work worries for a while and come back refreshed and rested. Go on vacation. Visit family. Do what will relax you.
If your job is a constant source of agitation and stress in your life, you might consider switching jobs, transferring, or finding a new line of employment altogether.
3-3. Participate in relaxing and healthy hobbies.
You don't have to start building ships in bottles to calm down. Find something that excites you and distracts you from the stresses of life. Want to start playing paintball? Get out there and try it. Do something that will be fun, something that exercises your mind and your body. Try:
Playing games like poker or chess
Doing outdoor activities like hiking, biking, or swimming
Reading more
Picking up an instrument, or renewing an interest in an old one
Taking a class or lessons
3-4. Consider meditation
Studies have shown that oldest populations worldwide all have one thing in common: they all participate in quiet, restful activities that involve no speaking, each day. Many perfectly normal people enjoy the relaxation involved in meditation, and you don't have to be a yoga master to experience the benefits.
Simply sitting quietly in or outdoors for 20 or 30 minutes each day can drastically reduce your stress. Start watching the sunset or rise each day as a way of relaxing and centering yourself.
Tips
Some doctors recommend that patients at risk for developing aneurysms or their rupturing take low-dose aspirin to prevent the buildup of arterial plaque that can weaken blood vessel walls. Consult with your doctor to determine if this treatment is right for you.
Warnings
Large unruptured brain aneurysms may cause pain behind one eye, a dilated pupil or drooping eyelid, double or blurred vision, or numbness or paralysis on one side of the face.
The most common symptom of a ruptured brain aneurysm is a sudden, severe headache. Other symptoms include seizures, nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity, vision problems, confusion or loss of consciousness.
In some cases, the rupture is preceded by a leaking of blood, which produces a sudden, severe headache. Summon emergency help at once if you or someone else experiences severe headaches, seizures or loss of consciousness.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:39",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Getting Screened\\n1-1. Learn your family history.\\nIf at least two other members of your family have had aneurysms, either recently or in the past, you should be screened for the possibility of developing an aneurysm yourself. Doctors normally recommend such screenings every five years.\\nMost aneurysms are detected after the fact, when they've already become medical emergencies, or when brain imaging is performed for other purposes. Because it's a difficult thing to screen for, most doctors will recommend against testing and looking for aneurysms that are not ruptured, unless you've experienced any of the symptoms or fit the profile of an aneurysm.\\nIn most cases, screening is recommended for men age 65-75 who have smoked at some point in their life. Men of this age group who have never smoked may receive selective screening based on the rest of their health history. Women in this age group generally aren't recommended for screening.\\n1-2. Recognize the symptoms of an aneurysm.\\nIf you experience eye pain, specifically pain coming from behind the eye, as well as blurry vision and paralysis of the face, you need to talk to your doctor immediately and request that a screen and scan be performed.\\n1-3. Learn the different types of scans.\\nYour doctor may throw a lot of technical possibilities at you, so it helps to be somewhat informed before getting stuck in his or her office and getting locked into possibly-expensive tests that you might not want done. Generally, the scans performed will include:\\n\\n. This is a special kind of X-Ray usually used to detect bleeding. The scanner produces slice-like sections of your brain to examine, and might also involve injections of fluid that will illuminate the blood in the images.\\n. An MRI generally uses a combination of radio waves that interact within a magnetic field to produce a detailed 2D or 3D version of your brain. Fluid may also be injected to improve the image. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) may be combined with your MRI. An MRA uses the same technology to produce images of the major blood vessels in your body.\\n. Also known as a \\\"spinal tap,\\\" this is used in cases in which you've experienced a hemorrhage that isn't showing up on another scan. Despite the gruesome common name, most patients don't experience much discomfort during or following the test.\\n During this test, a thin probe is inserted near your groin and threaded through your arteries to your brain to inject a dye, which is used to track the flow of blood and check for hemorrhaging. It's the most invasive of the tests, only used when the others don't reveal anything.\\n During this test, your doctor or an ultrasound technician will perform a basic ultrasound of your abdomen. This is used to screen for an abdominal aortic aneurysm.\\n1-4. Talk to a specialist.\\nIf your doctor notices something in a scan, or if you're concerned about the possibility of an aneurysm, you'll probably be referred to a specialist. If you fit the risk profile or have experienced any of the symptoms of an aneurysm, talk about your tests with a neurosurgeon or neurologist to get more information. Further tests and screens may be required, and you'll be able to get more specific information from an expert in the field.\\n2. Managing Your Health\\n2-1. Quit smoking.\\nIn addition to increasing the risk of developing emphysema and lung cancer, smoking also increases your chances of developing an aneurysm. You may need your doctor's help to find the right program to help you quit.\\nAlso avoid exposing yourself to secondhand smoke. If you fit the risk profile, avoid indoor areas that allow smoking.\\n2-2. Moderate your drinking.\\nDrinking too much alcohol can also weaken blood vessel walls, increasing the possibility of developing an aneurysm. If you have other problems related to excessive drinking, you may need to give it up entirely.\\n2-3. Use drugs correctly.\\nAbusing drugs, prescription or otherwise, can lead to inflammation in blood vessels and the formation of aneurysms. Habitual cocaine and amphetamine users are particularly susceptible to the development of brain aneurysms.\\n2-4. Adopt a healthy diet\\nChoose a diet with a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meat and non-meat protein sources. Avoid excess fats, cholesterol, sodium and sugar. Eat smaller portions, or start preparing more of your own meals to have more control over your portions. Consider eating several smaller meals throughout the day, rather than two or three big ones.\\n2-5. Exercise regularly.\\nMaintain good cardio health and do some light strength training to maintain a healthy body weight and physique. Exercising at least 30 minutes every day will help you avoid an aneurysm or prevent one from rupturing. Your doctor can recommend suitable exercises for you if you want to get started. You don't have to go all out. If you want to start exercising, try starting with:\\nLight stretches in the morning before breakfast. Just doing some calisthenics for 15 or 20 minutes each morning will get you moving and can be a nice warm up to stimulate other activities.\\nIf you have been diagnosed with an unruptured aneurysm, isometric training, heavy lifting, or high-intensity exercise is not recommended. .\\nCheck out some exercise videos online or at your local library for some guided instruction, or talk to your doctor for more possibilities.\\n2-6. Monitor your overall health.\\nKey factors to avoiding an aneurysm or preventing one from rupturing include monitoring your weight, cholesterol, blood glucose and blood pressure levels. Scheduling regular doctor's visits and staying on top of your health is the best way to avoid aneurysms altogether.\\n3. Managing Your Stress\\n3-1. Learn to recognize stress triggers in your life.\\nTaking steps to manage your stress level can help you avoid developing an aneurysm or, quite literally, \\\"popping a blood vessel.\\\" If you want to lessen the amount of stress in your life, start by learning to recognize the things that cause stress that you can work on. You might be stressed out about:\\nRelationship issues\\nWork\\nFamily commitments\\nFinancial problems\\nOther trauma\\n3-2. Take some time off of work\\nYou deserve a break, especially if you're concerned about your health. Discuss the possibility of taking some brief time off from your job to rest up and eliminate some of the stress that you're concerned about from your life. Forget about your work worries for a while and come back refreshed and rested. Go on vacation. Visit family. Do what will relax you.\\nIf your job is a constant source of agitation and stress in your life, you might consider switching jobs, transferring, or finding a new line of employment altogether.\\n3-3. Participate in relaxing and healthy hobbies.\\nYou don't have to start building ships in bottles to calm down. Find something that excites you and distracts you from the stresses of life. Want to start playing paintball? Get out there and try it. Do something that will be fun, something that exercises your mind and your body. Try:\\nPlaying games like poker or chess\\n\\nDoing outdoor activities like hiking, biking, or swimming\\nReading more\\nPicking up an instrument, or renewing an interest in an old one\\nTaking a class or lessons\\n3-4. Consider meditation\\nStudies have shown that oldest populations worldwide all have one thing in common: they all participate in quiet, restful activities that involve no speaking, each day. Many perfectly normal people enjoy the relaxation involved in meditation, and you don't have to be a yoga master to experience the benefits.\\nSimply sitting quietly in or outdoors for 20 or 30 minutes each day can drastically reduce your stress. Start watching the sunset or rise each day as a way of relaxing and centering yourself.\\nTips\\nSome doctors recommend that patients at risk for developing aneurysms or their rupturing take low-dose aspirin to prevent the buildup of arterial plaque that can weaken blood vessel walls. Consult with your doctor to determine if this treatment is right for you.\\nWarnings\\nLarge unruptured brain aneurysms may cause pain behind one eye, a dilated pupil or drooping eyelid, double or blurred vision, or numbness or paralysis on one side of the face.\\nThe most common symptom of a ruptured brain aneurysm is a sudden, severe headache. Other symptoms include seizures, nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity, vision problems, confusion or loss of consciousness.\\nIn some cases, the rupture is preceded by a leaking of blood, which produces a sudden, severe headache. Summon emergency help at once if you or someone else experiences severe headaches, seizures or loss of consciousness.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"An aneurysm is a bulge in the wall of a blood vessel caused by the weakening of the vessel wall. Aneurysms can occur in any blood vessel, but the most dangerous aneurysms are those that form in the aorta or the arteries in the brain. Ruptures in the vessels can lead to death up to half the time they occur. Aneurysms are often difficult to detect until they rupture, and equally difficult to prevent, but there are steps you can take to lower your risk of an aneurysm and understand whether you may need screening. See Step 1 for more information.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Getting Screened\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn your family history.\", \"描述\": \"If at least two other members of your family have had aneurysms, either recently or in the past, you should be screened for the possibility of developing an aneurysm yourself. Doctors normally recommend such screenings every five years.\\nMost aneurysms are detected after the fact, when they've already become medical emergencies, or when brain imaging is performed for other purposes. Because it's a difficult thing to screen for, most doctors will recommend against testing and looking for aneurysms that are not ruptured, unless you've experienced any of the symptoms or fit the profile of an aneurysm.\\nIn most cases, screening is recommended for men age 65-75 who have smoked at some point in their life. Men of this age group who have never smoked may receive selective screening based on the rest of their health history. Women in this age group generally aren't recommended for screening.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Recognize the symptoms of an aneurysm.\", \"描述\": \"If you experience eye pain, specifically pain coming from behind the eye, as well as blurry vision and paralysis of the face, you need to talk to your doctor immediately and request that a screen and scan be performed.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Learn the different types of scans.\", \"描述\": \"Your doctor may throw a lot of technical possibilities at you, so it helps to be somewhat informed before getting stuck in his or her office and getting locked into possibly-expensive tests that you might not want done. Generally, the scans performed will include:\\n\\n. This is a special kind of X-Ray usually used to detect bleeding. The scanner produces slice-like sections of your brain to examine, and might also involve injections of fluid that will illuminate the blood in the images.\\n. An MRI generally uses a combination of radio waves that interact within a magnetic field to produce a detailed 2D or 3D version of your brain. Fluid may also be injected to improve the image. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) may be combined with your MRI. An MRA uses the same technology to produce images of the major blood vessels in your body.\\n. Also known as a \\\"spinal tap,\\\" this is used in cases in which you've experienced a hemorrhage that isn't showing up on another scan. Despite the gruesome common name, most patients don't experience much discomfort during or following the test.\\n During this test, a thin probe is inserted near your groin and threaded through your arteries to your brain to inject a dye, which is used to track the flow of blood and check for hemorrhaging. It's the most invasive of the tests, only used when the others don't reveal anything.\\n During this test, your doctor or an ultrasound technician will perform a basic ultrasound of your abdomen. This is used to screen for an abdominal aortic aneurysm.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Talk to a specialist.\", \"描述\": \"If your doctor notices something in a scan, or if you're concerned about the possibility of an aneurysm, you'll probably be referred to a specialist. If you fit the risk profile or have experienced any of the symptoms of an aneurysm, talk about your tests with a neurosurgeon or neurologist to get more information. Further tests and screens may be required, and you'll be able to get more specific information from an expert in the field.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Managing Your Health\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Quit smoking.\", \"描述\": \"In addition to increasing the risk of developing emphysema and lung cancer, smoking also increases your chances of developing an aneurysm. You may need your doctor's help to find the right program to help you quit.\\nAlso avoid exposing yourself to secondhand smoke. If you fit the risk profile, avoid indoor areas that allow smoking.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Moderate your drinking.\", \"描述\": \"Drinking too much alcohol can also weaken blood vessel walls, increasing the possibility of developing an aneurysm. If you have other problems related to excessive drinking, you may need to give it up entirely.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use drugs correctly.\", \"描述\": \"Abusing drugs, prescription or otherwise, can lead to inflammation in blood vessels and the formation of aneurysms. Habitual cocaine and amphetamine users are particularly susceptible to the development of brain aneurysms.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Adopt a healthy diet\", \"描述\": \"Choose a diet with a variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean meat and non-meat protein sources. Avoid excess fats, cholesterol, sodium and sugar. Eat smaller portions, or start preparing more of your own meals to have more control over your portions. Consider eating several smaller meals throughout the day, rather than two or three big ones.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Exercise regularly.\", \"描述\": \"Maintain good cardio health and do some light strength training to maintain a healthy body weight and physique. Exercising at least 30 minutes every day will help you avoid an aneurysm or prevent one from rupturing. Your doctor can recommend suitable exercises for you if you want to get started. You don't have to go all out. If you want to start exercising, try starting with:\\nLight stretches in the morning before breakfast. Just doing some calisthenics for 15 or 20 minutes each morning will get you moving and can be a nice warm up to stimulate other activities.\\nIf you have been diagnosed with an unruptured aneurysm, isometric training, heavy lifting, or high-intensity exercise is not recommended. .\\nCheck out some exercise videos online or at your local library for some guided instruction, or talk to your doctor for more possibilities.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Monitor your overall health.\", \"描述\": \"Key factors to avoiding an aneurysm or preventing one from rupturing include monitoring your weight, cholesterol, blood glucose and blood pressure levels. Scheduling regular doctor's visits and staying on top of your health is the best way to avoid aneurysms altogether.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Managing Your Stress\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn to recognize stress triggers in your life.\", \"描述\": \"Taking steps to manage your stress level can help you avoid developing an aneurysm or, quite literally, \\\"popping a blood vessel.\\\" If you want to lessen the amount of stress in your life, start by learning to recognize the things that cause stress that you can work on. You might be stressed out about:\\nRelationship issues\\nWork\\nFamily commitments\\nFinancial problems\\nOther trauma\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Take some time off of work\", \"描述\": \"You deserve a break, especially if you're concerned about your health. Discuss the possibility of taking some brief time off from your job to rest up and eliminate some of the stress that you're concerned about from your life. Forget about your work worries for a while and come back refreshed and rested. Go on vacation. Visit family. Do what will relax you.\\nIf your job is a constant source of agitation and stress in your life, you might consider switching jobs, transferring, or finding a new line of employment altogether.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Participate in relaxing and healthy hobbies.\", \"描述\": \"You don't have to start building ships in bottles to calm down. Find something that excites you and distracts you from the stresses of life. Want to start playing paintball? Get out there and try it. Do something that will be fun, something that exercises your mind and your body. Try:\\nPlaying games like poker or chess\\n\\nDoing outdoor activities like hiking, biking, or swimming\\nReading more\\nPicking up an instrument, or renewing an interest in an old one\\nTaking a class or lessons\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider meditation\", \"描述\": \"Studies have shown that oldest populations worldwide all have one thing in common: they all participate in quiet, restful activities that involve no speaking, each day. Many perfectly normal people enjoy the relaxation involved in meditation, and you don't have to be a yoga master to experience the benefits.\\nSimply sitting quietly in or outdoors for 20 or 30 minutes each day can drastically reduce your stress. Start watching the sunset or rise each day as a way of relaxing and centering yourself.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Some doctors recommend that patients at risk for developing aneurysms or their rupturing take low-dose aspirin to prevent the buildup of arterial plaque that can weaken blood vessel walls. Consult with your doctor to determine if this treatment is right for you.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Large unruptured brain aneurysms may cause pain behind one eye, a dilated pupil or drooping eyelid, double or blurred vision, or numbness or paralysis on one side of the face.\\n\", \"The most common symptom of a ruptured brain aneurysm is a sudden, severe headache. Other symptoms include seizures, nausea, vomiting, light sensitivity, vision problems, confusion or loss of consciousness.\\n\", \"In some cases, the rupture is preceded by a leaking of blood, which produces a sudden, severe headache. Summon emergency help at once if you or someone else experiences severe headaches, seizures or loss of consciousness.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,273 | How to Avoid an Attack if You Think You're Being Followed | 1. On Foot
1-1. Change directions if you're suspicious of someone following you.
Even if you think you’re being followed, it might be a coincidence that the person is just walking the same direction as you. If you want to find out if they’re truly following you, change directions at the next street corner or crosswalk even if it takes you out of your way. As you turn, quickly glance over your shoulder and get a look at the person so you’re able to recognize them. Keep adding more turns to your route and watch for the person to see if they’re still following you.
If the person is following you in a vehicle, turn around and go back the way you came. That way, the person has to make a quick turn to find you again and will be easy to notice.
If you think you’re being followed but aren’t sure who it is or where they are, trust your instincts and immediately find somewhere safe to go, such as a crowded store, police station, or area with a lot of foot traffic.
1-2. Go into a crowded public area or store to try and lose the person.
Walk into the nearest business that’s open and has a lot of people. Once you’re inside, keep your eye out to see if the person following you stops as well or walks in after you. If they do, find an employee or security guard to let them know you’re being followed. They may let you use their phone to contact the police or lead you to a different exit so you can lose your attacker.
If there isn’t a public place that you can go inside, keep moving so your attacker doesn’t catch up.
Learn the hours of the businesses in the area where you normally walk so you know where you can go in case you’re followed late at night.
1-3. Turn and look at the person once you know they’re following you.
Most attackers use the element of surprise, so show them that you know they’re there. As you’re walking, look over your shoulder and make eye contact with them. If they just happen to be walking in the same direction as you, they may give you a confused look back. However, if it was someone truly following you, you've let them know you’re wary of them and ready to react if something goes wrong.
As you’re looking at the person, make mental notes of their appearance so you’re able to report them.
1-4. Contact the police as soon as you feel threatened.
If at any point you feel like you’re in danger, don’t hesitate to call for help. Dial the number for your local emergency services and give them your name and location. Let the operator know which direction you’re heading and do your best to describe the appearance of the person following you. Follow the operator’s directions while they send someone to assist or escort you.
While you're calling, remember to watch where you're going and pay attention to your surroundings.
1-5. Scream or blow a whistle to draw attention to yourself if they get closer.
If the person approaches you and you feel like they’re going to attack, start yelling as loud as you can and running away. If you have a personal alarm or whistle, use it to make even more noise. Once someone else comes to your aid, let them know that someone was following you and reach out to the authorities.
It might feel embarrassing if you yell and the person wasn’t actually following you, but it’s better to be safe than sorry.
Loud noises might be enough to deter your attacker since they don’t want to draw any attention to themselves.
1-6. Drop your purse if the person quickly approaches you to see if they get distracted.
Sometimes, an attacker will be satisfied taking your belongings and end up leaving you alone. If the person is approaching you quickly and you’ve determined they’ve followed you for a while, take your wallet and keys out of your bag. Let go of your bag and let it fall to the ground so you have a free hand. Walk away as quickly as you can to put some distance between you and the other person.
Remember, your safety is more important than what’s in your bag. If you truly feel like you’re in danger, you can always drop your material possessions now and replace them later.
1-7. Aim for the person’s eyes, throat, or groin if you need to defend yourself.
Hopefully, you won’t have to resort to it, but if worst comes to worst, you may need to protect yourself from danger. React quickly by pushing your thumbs into their eyes, hitting them in the throat, or kicking them in the groin to stun them. As soon as you land a blow, make a lot of noise and get to somewhere safe as fast as possible.
Only defend yourself if you absolutely need to.
Avoid resisting a robbery if the person has a weapon.
2. In a Vehicle
2-1. Lock your doors and roll up your windows.
Even though it might just be a coincidence that the person is going the same direction, double-check to make sure you locked your doors. Keep your windows closed to make it more difficult to get into your vehicle. Be sure to shut the sunroof as well if you have one. That way, if you’re caught in traffic, no one can get in your vehicle.
Most newer vehicles lock your doors automatically once you start driving.
Lock your doors right away when you get in your vehicle so you don’t have to worry about it later on.
2-2. Stay calm and maintain your speed.
We know that you’re probably freaked out, but do your best to focus on the road and drive safely since they may not be following you. Avoid accelerating or braking suddenly as well as swerving around the road since you’re more likely to lose control of your vehicle. Follow the rules of the road so you don’t cause any confrontations.
Never pull over if you’re being followed by an unknown vehicle, even if they flash their lights at you.
You might be tempted to watch the other vehicle in your rear-view mirror, but focus on what’s in front of you so you aren’t distracted.
2-3. Make a few unusual turns when you think someone is tailing you.
If you notice the same car behind you for a long period of time, don’t panic yet since they may truly be going the same direction as you. To see if they’re really following you, take a route that stands out against normal traffic. In a residential area, make 4 right turns. If you’re on the highway, take the next exit and immediately get back on the entrance ramp. If the vehicle is still tailing you, then there’s a good chance they’re following you.
Avoid going down remote roads without a lot of traffic since it gives the person following you a chance to attack.
2-4. Make a mental note of the person and the vehicle’s appearance.
Briefly glance in your mirror and do your best to remember what the vehicle looks like. Pay attention to the color and type of vehicle and commit it to memory. Then do your best to see the person driving. Try to remember their approximate age, gender, and any other defining characteristics. When you have a chance to safely pull over, write everything down so you don’t forget it.
If you have a passenger, ask them to write things down for you so you can focus on driving.
2-5. Call the police to report the person and vehicle as soon as you can.
Dial the number for your local police department and let them know who and where you are. Let them know that you’re being followed, and do your best to describe the vehicle and the other person. Wait inside of your locked car until the police show up so they can check out the situation and safely escort you home.
You can also call the police while you’re driving so they can come tail the vehicle that’s following you to see if it poses a threat.
2-6. Drive to the nearest police station or populated area right away.
Stick to well-lit roads that have a bit of traffic so you’re never alone with the person following you. If it’s safe to do so, like if you’re stopped in traffic, look up the nearest police station and head straight there.
Avoid going back home right away, or else you may lead the attacker there.
If you don’t know where the closest police station is or if you don’t have enough gas to get there, pull into a busy gas station or well-lit parking lot and stay in your vehicle.
2-7. Honk your horn repeatedly to get someone else’s attention.
If the vehicle still follows you, use your horn or turn on the vehicle’s alarm to draw attention to yourself. Hopefully, the noise will be enough to deter the person. Otherwise, wait for someone else to approach your vehicle, slightly roll down your window, and let them know about what’s going on.
Turn on your emergency flasher lights as well to let other people know there’s something wrong.
3. General Safety
3-1. Walk at a steady pace with your head up.
Act confident and maintain your stride so you don’t look like an easy target. Stay alert and act like you know where you’re going even if you’re new in the area since attackers are more likely to strike people who look lost.
Maintain good posture to show that you’re alert and ready for action in case something goes wrong. This might be enough to deter an attacker from targeting you in the first place.
3-2. Stay in well-lit and populated areas.
While you may get tempted to take shortcuts to get away, avoid going down alleys or dark streets alone. Stick to sidewalks and areas that have a lot of foot traffic since attackers are less likely to strike if there are witnesses. Even if you have to take a longer way to your destination, you’ll feel a lot more comfortable and safer surrounded by others.
Let another person know that you think you’re being followed and ask if you can walk with them for a little while. People are less likely to attack if you’re in a group.
Avoid going home if you’re being followed since you could lead the attacker there.
3-3. Be mindful of your surroundings at all times.
Whenever you’re walking somewhere alone, keep an eye on the people in front of and behind you so you’re able to notice any suspicious behavior. Avoid looking at your phone or down at the ground since a potential attacker may notice that you’re not paying attention and think you’re more vulnerable. The sooner that you recognize someone is tailing you, the more time you’ll have to react and get away safely.
Avoid wearing headphones or playing loud music if you’re walking alone.
Make brief eye contact with strangers as they approach you. That way, you convey the message that you can identify them later on if they attack.
3-4. Stay aware of other people and vehicles when you’re in a parking lot.
Before you get to a vehicle, take your keys out of your bag or pocket so you don’t get distracted looking for them later. Keep your head up and pay attention to any other people to watch for suspicious behavior. If you see anyone that makes you feel uneasy around your vehicle, go back to where you came from and ask someone for help.
Park in well-lit areas so you’re able to see other people easily and to deter someone from breaking into your vehicle
Look for exits if you’re in an underground or enclosed lot so you know where you can escape if you feel threatened.
Tips
Ask a buddy to go places with you so you aren’t alone.[27]
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Keep your car fueled up and in working condition so you don’t have to worry about getting stranded.[28]
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Do your best to stay calm and try not to panic. That way, you look more confident and it could prevent an attack.[29]
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Warnings
If you ever don’t feel safe or comfortable, trust your gut and try to get away as soon as you can.[31]
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If someone attempts to rob you and threatens you with a weapon, give them what they asked for so you’re less likely to get injured. Immediately go somewhere safe and contact the police afterward.[32]
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Be careful of people who ask you for the time or for directions since they may try to take advantage of you when you let your guard down.[33]
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Avoid wearing headphones since you could lose focus and won’t be able to hear someone approaching.[34]
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| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:39",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. On Foot\\n1-1. Change directions if you're suspicious of someone following you.\\nEven if you think you’re being followed, it might be a coincidence that the person is just walking the same direction as you. If you want to find out if they’re truly following you, change directions at the next street corner or crosswalk even if it takes you out of your way. As you turn, quickly glance over your shoulder and get a look at the person so you’re able to recognize them. Keep adding more turns to your route and watch for the person to see if they’re still following you.\\nIf the person is following you in a vehicle, turn around and go back the way you came. That way, the person has to make a quick turn to find you again and will be easy to notice.\\nIf you think you’re being followed but aren’t sure who it is or where they are, trust your instincts and immediately find somewhere safe to go, such as a crowded store, police station, or area with a lot of foot traffic.\\n1-2. Go into a crowded public area or store to try and lose the person.\\nWalk into the nearest business that’s open and has a lot of people. Once you’re inside, keep your eye out to see if the person following you stops as well or walks in after you. If they do, find an employee or security guard to let them know you’re being followed. They may let you use their phone to contact the police or lead you to a different exit so you can lose your attacker.\\nIf there isn’t a public place that you can go inside, keep moving so your attacker doesn’t catch up.\\nLearn the hours of the businesses in the area where you normally walk so you know where you can go in case you’re followed late at night.\\n1-3. Turn and look at the person once you know they’re following you.\\nMost attackers use the element of surprise, so show them that you know they’re there. As you’re walking, look over your shoulder and make eye contact with them. If they just happen to be walking in the same direction as you, they may give you a confused look back. However, if it was someone truly following you, you've let them know you’re wary of them and ready to react if something goes wrong.\\nAs you’re looking at the person, make mental notes of their appearance so you’re able to report them.\\n1-4. Contact the police as soon as you feel threatened.\\nIf at any point you feel like you’re in danger, don’t hesitate to call for help. Dial the number for your local emergency services and give them your name and location. Let the operator know which direction you’re heading and do your best to describe the appearance of the person following you. Follow the operator’s directions while they send someone to assist or escort you.\\nWhile you're calling, remember to watch where you're going and pay attention to your surroundings.\\n1-5. Scream or blow a whistle to draw attention to yourself if they get closer.\\nIf the person approaches you and you feel like they’re going to attack, start yelling as loud as you can and running away. If you have a personal alarm or whistle, use it to make even more noise. Once someone else comes to your aid, let them know that someone was following you and reach out to the authorities.\\nIt might feel embarrassing if you yell and the person wasn’t actually following you, but it’s better to be safe than sorry.\\nLoud noises might be enough to deter your attacker since they don’t want to draw any attention to themselves.\\n1-6. Drop your purse if the person quickly approaches you to see if they get distracted.\\nSometimes, an attacker will be satisfied taking your belongings and end up leaving you alone. If the person is approaching you quickly and you’ve determined they’ve followed you for a while, take your wallet and keys out of your bag. Let go of your bag and let it fall to the ground so you have a free hand. Walk away as quickly as you can to put some distance between you and the other person.\\nRemember, your safety is more important than what’s in your bag. If you truly feel like you’re in danger, you can always drop your material possessions now and replace them later.\\n1-7. Aim for the person’s eyes, throat, or groin if you need to defend yourself.\\nHopefully, you won’t have to resort to it, but if worst comes to worst, you may need to protect yourself from danger. React quickly by pushing your thumbs into their eyes, hitting them in the throat, or kicking them in the groin to stun them. As soon as you land a blow, make a lot of noise and get to somewhere safe as fast as possible.\\nOnly defend yourself if you absolutely need to.\\nAvoid resisting a robbery if the person has a weapon.\\n2. In a Vehicle\\n2-1. Lock your doors and roll up your windows.\\nEven though it might just be a coincidence that the person is going the same direction, double-check to make sure you locked your doors. Keep your windows closed to make it more difficult to get into your vehicle. Be sure to shut the sunroof as well if you have one. That way, if you’re caught in traffic, no one can get in your vehicle.\\nMost newer vehicles lock your doors automatically once you start driving.\\nLock your doors right away when you get in your vehicle so you don’t have to worry about it later on.\\n2-2. Stay calm and maintain your speed.\\nWe know that you’re probably freaked out, but do your best to focus on the road and drive safely since they may not be following you. Avoid accelerating or braking suddenly as well as swerving around the road since you’re more likely to lose control of your vehicle. Follow the rules of the road so you don’t cause any confrontations.\\nNever pull over if you’re being followed by an unknown vehicle, even if they flash their lights at you.\\nYou might be tempted to watch the other vehicle in your rear-view mirror, but focus on what’s in front of you so you aren’t distracted.\\n2-3. Make a few unusual turns when you think someone is tailing you.\\nIf you notice the same car behind you for a long period of time, don’t panic yet since they may truly be going the same direction as you. To see if they’re really following you, take a route that stands out against normal traffic. In a residential area, make 4 right turns. If you’re on the highway, take the next exit and immediately get back on the entrance ramp. If the vehicle is still tailing you, then there’s a good chance they’re following you.\\nAvoid going down remote roads without a lot of traffic since it gives the person following you a chance to attack.\\n2-4. Make a mental note of the person and the vehicle’s appearance.\\nBriefly glance in your mirror and do your best to remember what the vehicle looks like. Pay attention to the color and type of vehicle and commit it to memory. Then do your best to see the person driving. Try to remember their approximate age, gender, and any other defining characteristics. When you have a chance to safely pull over, write everything down so you don’t forget it.\\nIf you have a passenger, ask them to write things down for you so you can focus on driving.\\n2-5. Call the police to report the person and vehicle as soon as you can.\\nDial the number for your local police department and let them know who and where you are. Let them know that you’re being followed, and do your best to describe the vehicle and the other person. Wait inside of your locked car until the police show up so they can check out the situation and safely escort you home.\\nYou can also call the police while you’re driving so they can come tail the vehicle that’s following you to see if it poses a threat.\\n2-6. Drive to the nearest police station or populated area right away.\\nStick to well-lit roads that have a bit of traffic so you’re never alone with the person following you. If it’s safe to do so, like if you’re stopped in traffic, look up the nearest police station and head straight there.\\nAvoid going back home right away, or else you may lead the attacker there.\\nIf you don’t know where the closest police station is or if you don’t have enough gas to get there, pull into a busy gas station or well-lit parking lot and stay in your vehicle.\\n2-7. Honk your horn repeatedly to get someone else’s attention.\\nIf the vehicle still follows you, use your horn or turn on the vehicle’s alarm to draw attention to yourself. Hopefully, the noise will be enough to deter the person. Otherwise, wait for someone else to approach your vehicle, slightly roll down your window, and let them know about what’s going on.\\nTurn on your emergency flasher lights as well to let other people know there’s something wrong.\\n3. General Safety\\n3-1. Walk at a steady pace with your head up.\\nAct confident and maintain your stride so you don’t look like an easy target. Stay alert and act like you know where you’re going even if you’re new in the area since attackers are more likely to strike people who look lost.\\nMaintain good posture to show that you’re alert and ready for action in case something goes wrong. This might be enough to deter an attacker from targeting you in the first place.\\n3-2. Stay in well-lit and populated areas.\\nWhile you may get tempted to take shortcuts to get away, avoid going down alleys or dark streets alone. Stick to sidewalks and areas that have a lot of foot traffic since attackers are less likely to strike if there are witnesses. Even if you have to take a longer way to your destination, you’ll feel a lot more comfortable and safer surrounded by others.\\nLet another person know that you think you’re being followed and ask if you can walk with them for a little while. People are less likely to attack if you’re in a group.\\nAvoid going home if you’re being followed since you could lead the attacker there.\\n3-3. Be mindful of your surroundings at all times.\\nWhenever you’re walking somewhere alone, keep an eye on the people in front of and behind you so you’re able to notice any suspicious behavior. Avoid looking at your phone or down at the ground since a potential attacker may notice that you’re not paying attention and think you’re more vulnerable. The sooner that you recognize someone is tailing you, the more time you’ll have to react and get away safely.\\nAvoid wearing headphones or playing loud music if you’re walking alone.\\nMake brief eye contact with strangers as they approach you. That way, you convey the message that you can identify them later on if they attack.\\n3-4. Stay aware of other people and vehicles when you’re in a parking lot.\\nBefore you get to a vehicle, take your keys out of your bag or pocket so you don’t get distracted looking for them later. Keep your head up and pay attention to any other people to watch for suspicious behavior. If you see anyone that makes you feel uneasy around your vehicle, go back to where you came from and ask someone for help.\\nPark in well-lit areas so you’re able to see other people easily and to deter someone from breaking into your vehicle\\nLook for exits if you’re in an underground or enclosed lot so you know where you can escape if you feel threatened.\\nTips\\nAsk a buddy to go places with you so you aren’t alone.[27]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nKeep your car fueled up and in working condition so you don’t have to worry about getting stranded.[28]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nDo your best to stay calm and try not to panic. That way, you look more confident and it could prevent an attack.[29]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nWarnings\\nIf you ever don’t feel safe or comfortable, trust your gut and try to get away as soon as you can.[31]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf someone attempts to rob you and threatens you with a weapon, give them what they asked for so you’re less likely to get injured. Immediately go somewhere safe and contact the police afterward.[32]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nBe careful of people who ask you for the time or for directions since they may try to take advantage of you when you let your guard down.[33]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nAvoid wearing headphones since you could lose focus and won’t be able to hear someone approaching.[34]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"It can be extremely creepy and unnerving if you sense that somebody’s following you. Even though it may be tough in the moment, stay calm and try not to panic. Luckily, there are a lot of precautions you can take to prevent another person from targeting you. We’ll cover some basic strategies to help you lose the person without any conflict and get somewhere safe. Just remember, never hesitate to call the police if you feel threatened or uncomfortable.\\n\\nNote: This is not a substitution for a self-defense class––it's a guide for deflecting someone following you with as little interaction as possible.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"On Foot\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Change directions if you're suspicious of someone following you.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you think you’re being followed, it might be a coincidence that the person is just walking the same direction as you. If you want to find out if they’re truly following you, change directions at the next street corner or crosswalk even if it takes you out of your way. As you turn, quickly glance over your shoulder and get a look at the person so you’re able to recognize them. Keep adding more turns to your route and watch for the person to see if they’re still following you.\\nIf the person is following you in a vehicle, turn around and go back the way you came. That way, the person has to make a quick turn to find you again and will be easy to notice.\\nIf you think you’re being followed but aren’t sure who it is or where they are, trust your instincts and immediately find somewhere safe to go, such as a crowded store, police station, or area with a lot of foot traffic.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go into a crowded public area or store to try and lose the person.\", \"描述\": \"Walk into the nearest business that’s open and has a lot of people. Once you’re inside, keep your eye out to see if the person following you stops as well or walks in after you. If they do, find an employee or security guard to let them know you’re being followed. They may let you use their phone to contact the police or lead you to a different exit so you can lose your attacker.\\nIf there isn’t a public place that you can go inside, keep moving so your attacker doesn’t catch up.\\nLearn the hours of the businesses in the area where you normally walk so you know where you can go in case you’re followed late at night.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn and look at the person once you know they’re following you.\", \"描述\": \"Most attackers use the element of surprise, so show them that you know they’re there. As you’re walking, look over your shoulder and make eye contact with them. If they just happen to be walking in the same direction as you, they may give you a confused look back. However, if it was someone truly following you, you've let them know you’re wary of them and ready to react if something goes wrong.\\nAs you’re looking at the person, make mental notes of their appearance so you’re able to report them.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Contact the police as soon as you feel threatened.\", \"描述\": \"If at any point you feel like you’re in danger, don’t hesitate to call for help. Dial the number for your local emergency services and give them your name and location. Let the operator know which direction you’re heading and do your best to describe the appearance of the person following you. Follow the operator’s directions while they send someone to assist or escort you.\\nWhile you're calling, remember to watch where you're going and pay attention to your surroundings.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Scream or blow a whistle to draw attention to yourself if they get closer.\", \"描述\": \"If the person approaches you and you feel like they’re going to attack, start yelling as loud as you can and running away. If you have a personal alarm or whistle, use it to make even more noise. Once someone else comes to your aid, let them know that someone was following you and reach out to the authorities.\\nIt might feel embarrassing if you yell and the person wasn’t actually following you, but it’s better to be safe than sorry.\\nLoud noises might be enough to deter your attacker since they don’t want to draw any attention to themselves.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Drop your purse if the person quickly approaches you to see if they get distracted.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, an attacker will be satisfied taking your belongings and end up leaving you alone. If the person is approaching you quickly and you’ve determined they’ve followed you for a while, take your wallet and keys out of your bag. Let go of your bag and let it fall to the ground so you have a free hand. Walk away as quickly as you can to put some distance between you and the other person.\\nRemember, your safety is more important than what’s in your bag. If you truly feel like you’re in danger, you can always drop your material possessions now and replace them later.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Aim for the person’s eyes, throat, or groin if you need to defend yourself.\", \"描述\": \"Hopefully, you won’t have to resort to it, but if worst comes to worst, you may need to protect yourself from danger. React quickly by pushing your thumbs into their eyes, hitting them in the throat, or kicking them in the groin to stun them. As soon as you land a blow, make a lot of noise and get to somewhere safe as fast as possible.\\nOnly defend yourself if you absolutely need to.\\nAvoid resisting a robbery if the person has a weapon.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"In a Vehicle\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lock your doors and roll up your windows.\", \"描述\": \"Even though it might just be a coincidence that the person is going the same direction, double-check to make sure you locked your doors. Keep your windows closed to make it more difficult to get into your vehicle. Be sure to shut the sunroof as well if you have one. That way, if you’re caught in traffic, no one can get in your vehicle.\\nMost newer vehicles lock your doors automatically once you start driving.\\nLock your doors right away when you get in your vehicle so you don’t have to worry about it later on.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay calm and maintain your speed.\", \"描述\": \"We know that you’re probably freaked out, but do your best to focus on the road and drive safely since they may not be following you. Avoid accelerating or braking suddenly as well as swerving around the road since you’re more likely to lose control of your vehicle. Follow the rules of the road so you don’t cause any confrontations.\\nNever pull over if you’re being followed by an unknown vehicle, even if they flash their lights at you.\\nYou might be tempted to watch the other vehicle in your rear-view mirror, but focus on what’s in front of you so you aren’t distracted.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make a few unusual turns when you think someone is tailing you.\", \"描述\": \"If you notice the same car behind you for a long period of time, don’t panic yet since they may truly be going the same direction as you. To see if they’re really following you, take a route that stands out against normal traffic. In a residential area, make 4 right turns. If you’re on the highway, take the next exit and immediately get back on the entrance ramp. If the vehicle is still tailing you, then there’s a good chance they’re following you.\\nAvoid going down remote roads without a lot of traffic since it gives the person following you a chance to attack.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make a mental note of the person and the vehicle’s appearance.\", \"描述\": \"Briefly glance in your mirror and do your best to remember what the vehicle looks like. Pay attention to the color and type of vehicle and commit it to memory. Then do your best to see the person driving. Try to remember their approximate age, gender, and any other defining characteristics. When you have a chance to safely pull over, write everything down so you don’t forget it.\\nIf you have a passenger, ask them to write things down for you so you can focus on driving.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Call the police to report the person and vehicle as soon as you can.\", \"描述\": \"Dial the number for your local police department and let them know who and where you are. Let them know that you’re being followed, and do your best to describe the vehicle and the other person. Wait inside of your locked car until the police show up so they can check out the situation and safely escort you home.\\nYou can also call the police while you’re driving so they can come tail the vehicle that’s following you to see if it poses a threat.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Drive to the nearest police station or populated area right away.\", \"描述\": \"Stick to well-lit roads that have a bit of traffic so you’re never alone with the person following you. If it’s safe to do so, like if you’re stopped in traffic, look up the nearest police station and head straight there.\\nAvoid going back home right away, or else you may lead the attacker there.\\nIf you don’t know where the closest police station is or if you don’t have enough gas to get there, pull into a busy gas station or well-lit parking lot and stay in your vehicle.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Honk your horn repeatedly to get someone else’s attention.\", \"描述\": \"If the vehicle still follows you, use your horn or turn on the vehicle’s alarm to draw attention to yourself. Hopefully, the noise will be enough to deter the person. Otherwise, wait for someone else to approach your vehicle, slightly roll down your window, and let them know about what’s going on.\\nTurn on your emergency flasher lights as well to let other people know there’s something wrong.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"General Safety\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Walk at a steady pace with your head up.\", \"描述\": \"Act confident and maintain your stride so you don’t look like an easy target. Stay alert and act like you know where you’re going even if you’re new in the area since attackers are more likely to strike people who look lost.\\nMaintain good posture to show that you’re alert and ready for action in case something goes wrong. This might be enough to deter an attacker from targeting you in the first place.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Stay in well-lit and populated areas.\", \"描述\": \"While you may get tempted to take shortcuts to get away, avoid going down alleys or dark streets alone. Stick to sidewalks and areas that have a lot of foot traffic since attackers are less likely to strike if there are witnesses. Even if you have to take a longer way to your destination, you’ll feel a lot more comfortable and safer surrounded by others.\\nLet another person know that you think you’re being followed and ask if you can walk with them for a little while. People are less likely to attack if you’re in a group.\\nAvoid going home if you’re being followed since you could lead the attacker there.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be mindful of your surroundings at all times.\", \"描述\": \"Whenever you’re walking somewhere alone, keep an eye on the people in front of and behind you so you’re able to notice any suspicious behavior. Avoid looking at your phone or down at the ground since a potential attacker may notice that you’re not paying attention and think you’re more vulnerable. The sooner that you recognize someone is tailing you, the more time you’ll have to react and get away safely.\\nAvoid wearing headphones or playing loud music if you’re walking alone.\\nMake brief eye contact with strangers as they approach you. That way, you convey the message that you can identify them later on if they attack.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay aware of other people and vehicles when you’re in a parking lot.\", \"描述\": \"Before you get to a vehicle, take your keys out of your bag or pocket so you don’t get distracted looking for them later. Keep your head up and pay attention to any other people to watch for suspicious behavior. If you see anyone that makes you feel uneasy around your vehicle, go back to where you came from and ask someone for help.\\nPark in well-lit areas so you’re able to see other people easily and to deter someone from breaking into your vehicle\\nLook for exits if you’re in an underground or enclosed lot so you know where you can escape if you feel threatened.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Ask a buddy to go places with you so you aren’t alone.[27]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Keep your car fueled up and in working condition so you don’t have to worry about getting stranded.[28]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Do your best to stay calm and try not to panic. That way, you look more confident and it could prevent an attack.[29]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you ever don’t feel safe or comfortable, trust your gut and try to get away as soon as you can.[31]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If someone attempts to rob you and threatens you with a weapon, give them what they asked for so you’re less likely to get injured. Immediately go somewhere safe and contact the police afterward.[32]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Be careful of people who ask you for the time or for directions since they may try to take advantage of you when you let your guard down.[33]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Avoid wearing headphones since you could lose focus and won’t be able to hear someone approaching.[34]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,274 | How to Avoid an Ex Boyfriend or Girlfriend | 1. Avoiding Contact with an Ex
1-1. Don’t call or text.
Use your phone’s settings to help you avoid contact with your ex. For example, you can change your ex’s name in your address book to “DO NOT ANSWER” to remind you what you must do. Some phones or services will also allow you to block a particular number entirely.
1-2. Keep any contact short and sweet.
If you must talk to your ex, keep the communication brief but friendly. Never flirt, however tempting it may seem. If you start to repeat old arguments or bad patterns, end the conversation immediately: say, “I’m sorry, this conversation isn’t going well. I need to end it.”
1-3. Ask teachers, bosses, or coworkers for help in limiting your exposure to your ex.
Working together closely in class, being assigned to the same project, or getting put at the same work table could derail your effort to avoid your ex. You may need to ask others at school or work for help to avoid these situations.
For example, you might explain to a teacher that you would prefer not to do a group project with your ex. Or, you could ask your guidance counselor for help in arranging your schedule so that you are not in class with your ex.
1-4. Plan your schedule to avoid awkward encounters.
If you don’t run into your ex, you won’t accidentally start speaking with him. And you won’t see him flirting with someone else, either.
If you are in school together, use your knowledge of his schedule to avoid crossing paths in the hallway or by the lockers.
Avoid visiting his workplace. For example, if he works for a café, get your hot drinks somewhere else now.
Don’t go to his favorite hangouts or to his events. If your ex plays basketball, don’t go to those games. If he always took you bowling, don’t go bowling for a while.
1-5. Keep in contact with mutual friends, but make your boundaries clear.
Don’t keep socializing with your ex just because you have mutual friends.
Respect that your friends might want to remain friends with both of you. While it can be tempting to try to convince everyone to side with you, it’s not healthy.
It may be helpful to talk through different scenarios with your friends. For example, you might say: “I don’t feel comfortable continuing our movie nights as a small group right now. But, if you throw a big party, it’s ok to invite both of us.”
Recognize that your needs will change over time. Keep your friends up to date: if it’s ok to invite you both to a dinner party now, say so.
Leave his friends to him. Just as you need the support of your friends and family as you navigate the break-up, so does your ex. Let your ex rely on his own network of friends and family.
2. Avoiding an Ex Who is Pursuing You
2-1. Recognize signs of stalking and abuse.
Stalking is defined as a pattern of unwanted attention or behavior directed at you that would make a reasonable person fearful. For example, it is stalking to send repeated, intrusive, scary calls, messages, or gifts. A stalker may follow or wait for you in places where she knows she’ll find you. Or, he may make threats to harm you or your friends or family.
Rely on your instincts: if you feel you are being stalked, seek help, including calling the police. Don’t downplay threatening behavior.
Keep a record of contact made by a stalker as well as keep any police reports.
2-2. Set and communicate your own boundaries.
Sometimes, an ex’s behavior might not rise to the level of stalking. Perhaps she just keeps asking to be friends or to get back together. Or perhaps he’s telling you that it’s normal for exes to spend a certain amount of time together. You get to set your own boundaries with an ex, even if you feel guilty about ending the relationship.
Decide on what boundaries make you feel most able to enjoy your own life. Remember that you don’t owe your ex your time and attention. Naming your own boundaries, to yourself and your friends, is the first step.
Pay attention to feelings of resentment or discomfort. They are often a sign that you feel your boundaries are being violated or that you haven’t set boundaries that truly make you comfortable.
Be direct about what your boundaries all. Don’t be afraid to sound like a broken record if you need to. Tell your ex: “I’m not ready to be friends. If and when I am ready, I will let you know.”
2-3. Rely on your friends and family.
They are a helpful resource and the first line of defense in preventing your ex from contacting you.
Ask your family for help in limiting contact with your ex. For example, your parents might be able to screen calls or other ways that your ex tries to contact you.
Don’t tolerate friends who won’t respect your decision to end contact with your ex. If your friends try to use the situation to stir up drama, they are not real friends.
2-4. Ask for help in enforcing boundaries and staying safe at school or work.
You have the right not to be forced into unwanted contact with an abusive or stalking ex. At school, you might want to start by speaking with a guidance counselor; at work, with Human Resources or a trusted supervisor.
2-5. Don’t be taken in by promises that your ex will change.
If you have been in abusive relationship, your ex might promise that he won’t abuse you any more if you get back together. This is part of the cycle of abuse. While your ex might be able to change in time, if he does a lot of work and gets a lot of professional help, you need to be out of the relationship now.
2-6. Seek legal help if necessary.
If your ex absolutely won’t leave you alone, in spite of anything you or others say, you might need to get a restraining order. This is a legal document that states the limits on the contact your ex may make with you.
3. Avoiding Thinking about Your Ex
3-1. Commit to making a clean break.
While it’s possible to be friends with someone you used to date, you need time to recover from the break-up before that’s possible. Friendships between exes are often less satisfactory, in the long run, than friendships between people who never dated.
Mark a date on a calendar to solidify for yourself how long it really is. If you had a reasonably healthy relationship, you might be able to say to your ex: “I hope that we can interact as friends in the future. But for now, I need a certain amount of time to work on my own healing. That means I won’t accept your calls or talk to you until this date at the soonest.”
3-2. Remember that not contacting your ex is about moving on, not re-starting the relationship.
You need to develop a new sense of yourself that is not based in your old relationship. Rather than focusing on her, focus on your friends and your family relationships, your studies, your work, and your hobbies.
Now is a good time to reach out to that friend you really like that you haven’t seen for a while.
Consider taking up a new hobby, so that you meet new people and build confidence in a new context.
3-3. Avoid your ex on social media.
Staying connected on social media may hold you back from healing and moving on after the end of a romantic relationship. Your focus should be on personal growth, not pictures of her night out or status updates about her new partner – or how lonely she is.
Unfriend your ex on Facebook. In addition, there are apps and plug-ins that can block your ex’s updates from appearing in your feed and remove any posts that mention him.
Unfollow your ex on Twitter, Snapchat, and Instagram.
Use a “block your ex” plug-in to remove references to your ex from your internet browser altogether. These can be helpful if you just can’t resist searching her name from time to time.
3-4. Don’t fantasize about your ex.
The drama of infatuation and romantic relationships can mimic addiction. Recognize that your fantasies are shaped by the best aspects of the relationship and are not an accurate depiction of what it was really like to be with him.
3-5. Write a journal entry about the positive aspects of the relationship – and of ending it.
Personal growth often results from a break-up. Writing a short, personal essay that focuses on the positive effects of the break-up helps to increase positive emotions like gratitude, hopefulness, relief, and satisfaction.
3-6. Talk to a counselor or therapist.
If you find yourself unable to get over your ex, or overwhelmed with feelings of sadness, despair, or fear, you should talk to a therapist. A counselor will also be able to help you develop strategies for any interactions you need to have with your ex.
Take time to find the right therapist for you. You might need to talk to a few different people or get recommendations from several different sources, including your school and your doctor’s office. It’s worth it to find someone you feel comfortable with.
3-7. Stay away from drugs and alcohol.
Increased substance abuse often occurs when someone is experiencing a break-up. But relying on alcohol or drugs will only cause new problems for you.
3-8. Take your time to figure out what happened.
While your friends might advise you to get over a relationship quickly by finding someone new, you’re better off taking time to understand what went wrong first. Talk to a counselor or trusted, mature friend about the relationship and how it ended.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:39",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Avoiding Contact with an Ex\\n1-1. Don’t call or text.\\nUse your phone’s settings to help you avoid contact with your ex. For example, you can change your ex’s name in your address book to “DO NOT ANSWER” to remind you what you must do. Some phones or services will also allow you to block a particular number entirely.\\n1-2. Keep any contact short and sweet.\\nIf you must talk to your ex, keep the communication brief but friendly. Never flirt, however tempting it may seem. If you start to repeat old arguments or bad patterns, end the conversation immediately: say, “I’m sorry, this conversation isn’t going well. I need to end it.”\\n1-3. Ask teachers, bosses, or coworkers for help in limiting your exposure to your ex.\\nWorking together closely in class, being assigned to the same project, or getting put at the same work table could derail your effort to avoid your ex. You may need to ask others at school or work for help to avoid these situations.\\nFor example, you might explain to a teacher that you would prefer not to do a group project with your ex. Or, you could ask your guidance counselor for help in arranging your schedule so that you are not in class with your ex.\\n1-4. Plan your schedule to avoid awkward encounters.\\nIf you don’t run into your ex, you won’t accidentally start speaking with him. And you won’t see him flirting with someone else, either.\\nIf you are in school together, use your knowledge of his schedule to avoid crossing paths in the hallway or by the lockers.\\nAvoid visiting his workplace. For example, if he works for a café, get your hot drinks somewhere else now.\\nDon’t go to his favorite hangouts or to his events. If your ex plays basketball, don’t go to those games. If he always took you bowling, don’t go bowling for a while.\\n1-5. Keep in contact with mutual friends, but make your boundaries clear.\\nDon’t keep socializing with your ex just because you have mutual friends.\\nRespect that your friends might want to remain friends with both of you. While it can be tempting to try to convince everyone to side with you, it’s not healthy.\\nIt may be helpful to talk through different scenarios with your friends. For example, you might say: “I don’t feel comfortable continuing our movie nights as a small group right now. But, if you throw a big party, it’s ok to invite both of us.”\\nRecognize that your needs will change over time. Keep your friends up to date: if it’s ok to invite you both to a dinner party now, say so.\\nLeave his friends to him. Just as you need the support of your friends and family as you navigate the break-up, so does your ex. Let your ex rely on his own network of friends and family.\\n2. Avoiding an Ex Who is Pursuing You\\n2-1. Recognize signs of stalking and abuse.\\nStalking is defined as a pattern of unwanted attention or behavior directed at you that would make a reasonable person fearful. For example, it is stalking to send repeated, intrusive, scary calls, messages, or gifts. A stalker may follow or wait for you in places where she knows she’ll find you. Or, he may make threats to harm you or your friends or family.\\nRely on your instincts: if you feel you are being stalked, seek help, including calling the police. Don’t downplay threatening behavior.\\nKeep a record of contact made by a stalker as well as keep any police reports.\\n2-2. Set and communicate your own boundaries.\\nSometimes, an ex’s behavior might not rise to the level of stalking. Perhaps she just keeps asking to be friends or to get back together. Or perhaps he’s telling you that it’s normal for exes to spend a certain amount of time together. You get to set your own boundaries with an ex, even if you feel guilty about ending the relationship.\\nDecide on what boundaries make you feel most able to enjoy your own life. Remember that you don’t owe your ex your time and attention. Naming your own boundaries, to yourself and your friends, is the first step. \\nPay attention to feelings of resentment or discomfort. They are often a sign that you feel your boundaries are being violated or that you haven’t set boundaries that truly make you comfortable.\\nBe direct about what your boundaries all. Don’t be afraid to sound like a broken record if you need to. Tell your ex: “I’m not ready to be friends. If and when I am ready, I will let you know.”\\n2-3. Rely on your friends and family.\\nThey are a helpful resource and the first line of defense in preventing your ex from contacting you.\\nAsk your family for help in limiting contact with your ex. For example, your parents might be able to screen calls or other ways that your ex tries to contact you.\\nDon’t tolerate friends who won’t respect your decision to end contact with your ex. If your friends try to use the situation to stir up drama, they are not real friends.\\n2-4. Ask for help in enforcing boundaries and staying safe at school or work.\\nYou have the right not to be forced into unwanted contact with an abusive or stalking ex. At school, you might want to start by speaking with a guidance counselor; at work, with Human Resources or a trusted supervisor.\\n2-5. Don’t be taken in by promises that your ex will change.\\nIf you have been in abusive relationship, your ex might promise that he won’t abuse you any more if you get back together. This is part of the cycle of abuse. While your ex might be able to change in time, if he does a lot of work and gets a lot of professional help, you need to be out of the relationship now.\\n2-6. Seek legal help if necessary.\\nIf your ex absolutely won’t leave you alone, in spite of anything you or others say, you might need to get a restraining order. This is a legal document that states the limits on the contact your ex may make with you.\\n3. Avoiding Thinking about Your Ex\\n3-1. Commit to making a clean break.\\nWhile it’s possible to be friends with someone you used to date, you need time to recover from the break-up before that’s possible. Friendships between exes are often less satisfactory, in the long run, than friendships between people who never dated.\\nMark a date on a calendar to solidify for yourself how long it really is. If you had a reasonably healthy relationship, you might be able to say to your ex: “I hope that we can interact as friends in the future. But for now, I need a certain amount of time to work on my own healing. That means I won’t accept your calls or talk to you until this date at the soonest.”\\n3-2. Remember that not contacting your ex is about moving on, not re-starting the relationship.\\nYou need to develop a new sense of yourself that is not based in your old relationship. Rather than focusing on her, focus on your friends and your family relationships, your studies, your work, and your hobbies.\\nNow is a good time to reach out to that friend you really like that you haven’t seen for a while.\\nConsider taking up a new hobby, so that you meet new people and build confidence in a new context.\\n3-3. Avoid your ex on social media.\\nStaying connected on social media may hold you back from healing and moving on after the end of a romantic relationship. Your focus should be on personal growth, not pictures of her night out or status updates about her new partner – or how lonely she is.\\nUnfriend your ex on Facebook. In addition, there are apps and plug-ins that can block your ex’s updates from appearing in your feed and remove any posts that mention him.\\nUnfollow your ex on Twitter, Snapchat, and Instagram.\\nUse a “block your ex” plug-in to remove references to your ex from your internet browser altogether. These can be helpful if you just can’t resist searching her name from time to time.\\n3-4. Don’t fantasize about your ex.\\nThe drama of infatuation and romantic relationships can mimic addiction. Recognize that your fantasies are shaped by the best aspects of the relationship and are not an accurate depiction of what it was really like to be with him.\\n3-5. Write a journal entry about the positive aspects of the relationship – and of ending it.\\nPersonal growth often results from a break-up. Writing a short, personal essay that focuses on the positive effects of the break-up helps to increase positive emotions like gratitude, hopefulness, relief, and satisfaction.\\n3-6. Talk to a counselor or therapist.\\nIf you find yourself unable to get over your ex, or overwhelmed with feelings of sadness, despair, or fear, you should talk to a therapist. A counselor will also be able to help you develop strategies for any interactions you need to have with your ex.\\nTake time to find the right therapist for you. You might need to talk to a few different people or get recommendations from several different sources, including your school and your doctor’s office. It’s worth it to find someone you feel comfortable with.\\n3-7. Stay away from drugs and alcohol.\\nIncreased substance abuse often occurs when someone is experiencing a break-up. But relying on alcohol or drugs will only cause new problems for you.\\n3-8. Take your time to figure out what happened.\\nWhile your friends might advise you to get over a relationship quickly by finding someone new, you’re better off taking time to understand what went wrong first. Talk to a counselor or trusted, mature friend about the relationship and how it ended.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You broke up with your boyfriend or girlfriend and now want to move on, but your ex still hopes to get back together. Or maybe you’re the one who wants to reconcile with your ex, but you realize you need some time apart after a tough breakup. Whatever your reasons, cutting contact with them and making a clean break will help you avoid them.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Contact with an Ex\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Don’t call or text.\", \"描述\": \"Use your phone’s settings to help you avoid contact with your ex. For example, you can change your ex’s name in your address book to “DO NOT ANSWER” to remind you what you must do. Some phones or services will also allow you to block a particular number entirely.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep any contact short and sweet.\", \"描述\": \"If you must talk to your ex, keep the communication brief but friendly. Never flirt, however tempting it may seem. If you start to repeat old arguments or bad patterns, end the conversation immediately: say, “I’m sorry, this conversation isn’t going well. I need to end it.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Ask teachers, bosses, or coworkers for help in limiting your exposure to your ex.\", \"描述\": \"Working together closely in class, being assigned to the same project, or getting put at the same work table could derail your effort to avoid your ex. You may need to ask others at school or work for help to avoid these situations.\\nFor example, you might explain to a teacher that you would prefer not to do a group project with your ex. Or, you could ask your guidance counselor for help in arranging your schedule so that you are not in class with your ex.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Plan your schedule to avoid awkward encounters.\", \"描述\": \"If you don’t run into your ex, you won’t accidentally start speaking with him. And you won’t see him flirting with someone else, either.\\nIf you are in school together, use your knowledge of his schedule to avoid crossing paths in the hallway or by the lockers.\\nAvoid visiting his workplace. For example, if he works for a café, get your hot drinks somewhere else now.\\nDon’t go to his favorite hangouts or to his events. If your ex plays basketball, don’t go to those games. If he always took you bowling, don’t go bowling for a while.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Keep in contact with mutual friends, but make your boundaries clear.\", \"描述\": \"Don’t keep socializing with your ex just because you have mutual friends.\\nRespect that your friends might want to remain friends with both of you. While it can be tempting to try to convince everyone to side with you, it’s not healthy.\\nIt may be helpful to talk through different scenarios with your friends. For example, you might say: “I don’t feel comfortable continuing our movie nights as a small group right now. But, if you throw a big party, it’s ok to invite both of us.”\\nRecognize that your needs will change over time. Keep your friends up to date: if it’s ok to invite you both to a dinner party now, say so.\\nLeave his friends to him. Just as you need the support of your friends and family as you navigate the break-up, so does your ex. Let your ex rely on his own network of friends and family.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoiding an Ex Who is Pursuing You\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Recognize signs of stalking and abuse.\", \"描述\": \"Stalking is defined as a pattern of unwanted attention or behavior directed at you that would make a reasonable person fearful. For example, it is stalking to send repeated, intrusive, scary calls, messages, or gifts. A stalker may follow or wait for you in places where she knows she’ll find you. Or, he may make threats to harm you or your friends or family.\\nRely on your instincts: if you feel you are being stalked, seek help, including calling the police. Don’t downplay threatening behavior.\\nKeep a record of contact made by a stalker as well as keep any police reports.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set and communicate your own boundaries.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, an ex’s behavior might not rise to the level of stalking. Perhaps she just keeps asking to be friends or to get back together. Or perhaps he’s telling you that it’s normal for exes to spend a certain amount of time together. You get to set your own boundaries with an ex, even if you feel guilty about ending the relationship.\\nDecide on what boundaries make you feel most able to enjoy your own life. Remember that you don’t owe your ex your time and attention. Naming your own boundaries, to yourself and your friends, is the first step. \\nPay attention to feelings of resentment or discomfort. They are often a sign that you feel your boundaries are being violated or that you haven’t set boundaries that truly make you comfortable.\\nBe direct about what your boundaries all. Don’t be afraid to sound like a broken record if you need to. Tell your ex: “I’m not ready to be friends. If and when I am ready, I will let you know.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Rely on your friends and family.\", \"描述\": \"They are a helpful resource and the first line of defense in preventing your ex from contacting you.\\nAsk your family for help in limiting contact with your ex. For example, your parents might be able to screen calls or other ways that your ex tries to contact you.\\nDon’t tolerate friends who won’t respect your decision to end contact with your ex. If your friends try to use the situation to stir up drama, they are not real friends.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ask for help in enforcing boundaries and staying safe at school or work.\", \"描述\": \"You have the right not to be forced into unwanted contact with an abusive or stalking ex. At school, you might want to start by speaking with a guidance counselor; at work, with Human Resources or a trusted supervisor.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Don’t be taken in by promises that your ex will change.\", \"描述\": \"If you have been in abusive relationship, your ex might promise that he won’t abuse you any more if you get back together. This is part of the cycle of abuse. While your ex might be able to change in time, if he does a lot of work and gets a lot of professional help, you need to be out of the relationship now.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Seek legal help if necessary.\", \"描述\": \"If your ex absolutely won’t leave you alone, in spite of anything you or others say, you might need to get a restraining order. This is a legal document that states the limits on the contact your ex may make with you.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Thinking about Your Ex\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Commit to making a clean break.\", \"描述\": \"While it’s possible to be friends with someone you used to date, you need time to recover from the break-up before that’s possible. Friendships between exes are often less satisfactory, in the long run, than friendships between people who never dated.\\nMark a date on a calendar to solidify for yourself how long it really is. If you had a reasonably healthy relationship, you might be able to say to your ex: “I hope that we can interact as friends in the future. But for now, I need a certain amount of time to work on my own healing. That means I won’t accept your calls or talk to you until this date at the soonest.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Remember that not contacting your ex is about moving on, not re-starting the relationship.\", \"描述\": \"You need to develop a new sense of yourself that is not based in your old relationship. Rather than focusing on her, focus on your friends and your family relationships, your studies, your work, and your hobbies.\\nNow is a good time to reach out to that friend you really like that you haven’t seen for a while.\\nConsider taking up a new hobby, so that you meet new people and build confidence in a new context.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid your ex on social media.\", \"描述\": \"Staying connected on social media may hold you back from healing and moving on after the end of a romantic relationship. Your focus should be on personal growth, not pictures of her night out or status updates about her new partner – or how lonely she is.\\nUnfriend your ex on Facebook. In addition, there are apps and plug-ins that can block your ex’s updates from appearing in your feed and remove any posts that mention him.\\nUnfollow your ex on Twitter, Snapchat, and Instagram.\\nUse a “block your ex” plug-in to remove references to your ex from your internet browser altogether. These can be helpful if you just can’t resist searching her name from time to time.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don’t fantasize about your ex.\", \"描述\": \"The drama of infatuation and romantic relationships can mimic addiction. Recognize that your fantasies are shaped by the best aspects of the relationship and are not an accurate depiction of what it was really like to be with him.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Write a journal entry about the positive aspects of the relationship – and of ending it.\", \"描述\": \"Personal growth often results from a break-up. Writing a short, personal essay that focuses on the positive effects of the break-up helps to increase positive emotions like gratitude, hopefulness, relief, and satisfaction.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Talk to a counselor or therapist.\", \"描述\": \"If you find yourself unable to get over your ex, or overwhelmed with feelings of sadness, despair, or fear, you should talk to a therapist. A counselor will also be able to help you develop strategies for any interactions you need to have with your ex.\\nTake time to find the right therapist for you. You might need to talk to a few different people or get recommendations from several different sources, including your school and your doctor’s office. It’s worth it to find someone you feel comfortable with.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Stay away from drugs and alcohol.\", \"描述\": \"Increased substance abuse often occurs when someone is experiencing a break-up. But relying on alcohol or drugs will only cause new problems for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Take your time to figure out what happened.\", \"描述\": \"While your friends might advise you to get over a relationship quickly by finding someone new, you’re better off taking time to understand what went wrong first. Talk to a counselor or trusted, mature friend about the relationship and how it ended.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,275 | How to Avoid an H. Pylori Bacterial Infection | 1. Reducing Risk Factors of H. Pylori
1-1. Do not eat poorly cooked food.
No matter where you live or are traveling to, you should avoid food that is poorly cooked as it increases your risk of food poisoning and other causes of infection. Poorly cooked food may be major conduit of H. Pylori because the food is not heated to a temperature high enough to kill the bacteria. This can be hard to detect, but if your food is cold or raw, avoid eating it because it could possibly be a carrier of the bacteria.
Avoid food that has been inadequately cleaned, like vegetables, or handled, like meats and fish. Improperly cleaned and mishandled foods also increase the risk of all types of foodborne infection.
You should also cook any food you make yourself to a high temperature as well. Since you may not know where all the food came from that you are cooking, you need to be certain you cook it well. This way you can avoid contaminating yourself with the bacteria as well.
1-2. Avoid unsanitary areas.
Like most bacterial infections, one of the major ways that the H. Pylori bacteria may be transmitted is through unsanitary conditions. This includes food and beverage production, living conditions, and activity areas as well. Food that is cooked in a poorly sanitized setting can transmit the bacteria from one individual to another. Avoid roadside locations or food carts where it is evident that there is no proper facilities for hand washing or cleaning utensils.
You should also avoid living arrangements near unclean water sources, sewage locations, and other areas where unclean and dirty water may be prevalent.
Avoid places where people don't use gloves, where there are inadequate restroom and cleaning facilities, or places where workers touch money and other people and then handle food or merchandise.
1-3. Recognize accidental transmission.
Another way that the bacteria may be transmitted is through the fecal-oral route or the oral-oral route. This means that food, water, and objects are contaminated with the bacteria because of poor sewage practices and poor hygiene. Since many individuals do not know they are carrying the bacteria, it can easily be transferred from one individual to another. Accidental transmission often occurs when a person is carrying the bacteria and does not practice proper hand washing practices.
The bacteria can be found in saliva, feces, vomit, and other gastric and oral secretions. Any of these substances from a carrier getting into your mouth, or if you touch your hand to your mouth after touching something with the bacteria on it, will increase the risk of infection with H. Pylori.
2. Preventing H. Pylori
2-1. Wash your hands thoroughly.
Since the main source of the H. Pylori bacteria is not yet known, you should always practice proper personal hygiene and hand washing. You should wash your hands thoroughly and often, especially after using the restroom or before handling food.
Proper hand washing starts with warm water, at least 120 degrees, and a decent sized helping of liquid soap. Place the soap in your hands and wet them briefly. Wash them for a total of 15-30 seconds, scrubbing around your fingers, along the front and back of your palms, and around your fingernails, and under jewelry. Then, rinse them in the warm water and dry them with a clean, sanitized towel or clean paper towel.
2-2. Eat in sanitary places.
When you are in a non-industrialized nation, eat only in restaurants with sanitation standards similar to an industrialized country's standard of sanitation. Kitchen utensils should be washed in hot water with antibacterial soap. Once the utensils are cleansed, they may become reinfected if handled by a carrier who has touched his mouth or not properly washed his hands after using the restroom. Because of this, ensure that you only eat at places where employees wear gloves as well.
The use of hand sanitizer is helpful in these questionable scenarios.
2-3. Stop interacting with those infected.
If you are married to or in a relationship with someone infected or if you have a family member who has H. Pylori, you should be very careful with your interactions with them. If you are married or dating someone infected, do not kiss them or engage in any sort of sexual activity until they have been treated for the infection. Also keep their toothbrush, cups, and utensils in a different area so the bacteria cannot be transmitted through saliva.
You should also not let anyone in your family with the bacterial infection prepare food, serve drinks, or touch things that are consumed so they cannot transmit the bacteria accidentally through touch or other contamination.
2-4. Get tested.
If a family member gets sick with the bacterial infection, you need to get checked as well. In terms of prevention, eradication is a large part of avoiding the bacteria in the future. Since it is thought to be spread by poor hygiene and sanitary conditions within families, it is recommended that, to eradicate H. Pylori from your family, all family members get tested for the H. Pylori bacteria.
If a family member is positive, they must be treated then retested for the bacteria after 4 weeks of treatment. Reinfection can occur and start the cycle over if you do not make sure that the bacteria is eradicated from the entire household.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:39",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Reducing Risk Factors of H. Pylori\\n1-1. Do not eat poorly cooked food.\\nNo matter where you live or are traveling to, you should avoid food that is poorly cooked as it increases your risk of food poisoning and other causes of infection. Poorly cooked food may be major conduit of H. Pylori because the food is not heated to a temperature high enough to kill the bacteria. This can be hard to detect, but if your food is cold or raw, avoid eating it because it could possibly be a carrier of the bacteria. \\nAvoid food that has been inadequately cleaned, like vegetables, or handled, like meats and fish. Improperly cleaned and mishandled foods also increase the risk of all types of foodborne infection.\\nYou should also cook any food you make yourself to a high temperature as well. Since you may not know where all the food came from that you are cooking, you need to be certain you cook it well. This way you can avoid contaminating yourself with the bacteria as well.\\n1-2. Avoid unsanitary areas.\\nLike most bacterial infections, one of the major ways that the H. Pylori bacteria may be transmitted is through unsanitary conditions. This includes food and beverage production, living conditions, and activity areas as well. Food that is cooked in a poorly sanitized setting can transmit the bacteria from one individual to another. Avoid roadside locations or food carts where it is evident that there is no proper facilities for hand washing or cleaning utensils.\\nYou should also avoid living arrangements near unclean water sources, sewage locations, and other areas where unclean and dirty water may be prevalent.\\nAvoid places where people don't use gloves, where there are inadequate restroom and cleaning facilities, or places where workers touch money and other people and then handle food or merchandise.\\n1-3. Recognize accidental transmission.\\nAnother way that the bacteria may be transmitted is through the fecal-oral route or the oral-oral route. This means that food, water, and objects are contaminated with the bacteria because of poor sewage practices and poor hygiene. Since many individuals do not know they are carrying the bacteria, it can easily be transferred from one individual to another. Accidental transmission often occurs when a person is carrying the bacteria and does not practice proper hand washing practices.\\nThe bacteria can be found in saliva, feces, vomit, and other gastric and oral secretions. Any of these substances from a carrier getting into your mouth, or if you touch your hand to your mouth after touching something with the bacteria on it, will increase the risk of infection with H. Pylori.\\n2. Preventing H. Pylori\\n2-1. Wash your hands thoroughly.\\nSince the main source of the H. Pylori bacteria is not yet known, you should always practice proper personal hygiene and hand washing. You should wash your hands thoroughly and often, especially after using the restroom or before handling food.\\nProper hand washing starts with warm water, at least 120 degrees, and a decent sized helping of liquid soap. Place the soap in your hands and wet them briefly. Wash them for a total of 15-30 seconds, scrubbing around your fingers, along the front and back of your palms, and around your fingernails, and under jewelry. Then, rinse them in the warm water and dry them with a clean, sanitized towel or clean paper towel.\\n2-2. Eat in sanitary places.\\nWhen you are in a non-industrialized nation, eat only in restaurants with sanitation standards similar to an industrialized country's standard of sanitation. Kitchen utensils should be washed in hot water with antibacterial soap. Once the utensils are cleansed, they may become reinfected if handled by a carrier who has touched his mouth or not properly washed his hands after using the restroom. Because of this, ensure that you only eat at places where employees wear gloves as well.\\nThe use of hand sanitizer is helpful in these questionable scenarios.\\n2-3. Stop interacting with those infected.\\nIf you are married to or in a relationship with someone infected or if you have a family member who has H. Pylori, you should be very careful with your interactions with them. If you are married or dating someone infected, do not kiss them or engage in any sort of sexual activity until they have been treated for the infection. Also keep their toothbrush, cups, and utensils in a different area so the bacteria cannot be transmitted through saliva.\\nYou should also not let anyone in your family with the bacterial infection prepare food, serve drinks, or touch things that are consumed so they cannot transmit the bacteria accidentally through touch or other contamination.\\n2-4. Get tested.\\nIf a family member gets sick with the bacterial infection, you need to get checked as well. In terms of prevention, eradication is a large part of avoiding the bacteria in the future. Since it is thought to be spread by poor hygiene and sanitary conditions within families, it is recommended that, to eradicate H. Pylori from your family, all family members get tested for the H. Pylori bacteria.\\nIf a family member is positive, they must be treated then retested for the bacteria after 4 weeks of treatment. Reinfection can occur and start the cycle over if you do not make sure that the bacteria is eradicated from the entire household.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Helicobacter Pylori, or H. Pylori, is a bacteria that lives in the stomach and can cause inflammation and irritation of the stomach lining and ulcers. It has also been linked to stomach cancer. However, many people have no symptoms and are unaware that they are harboring the bacteria. In these individuals, the bacteria causes no harmful side effects at all. When symptoms do occur, they may include abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite, frequent burping, bloating, and unintentional weight loss. As of 2014, the prevalence of the bacteria infection in the USA is estimated at between 30-67% and worldwide at 50%. Poor body, food, and water sanitation in non-industrialized countries may be contributing to the increased rate of the bacteria, since infection in these regions jumps to 90% of the population. However, keep in mind that the actual route of infection is still unknown. If you avoid the risk factors and take certain preventative measures, you may be able to lower your risk of contracting a H. Pylori bacterial infection.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Reducing Risk Factors of H. Pylori\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do not eat poorly cooked food.\", \"描述\": \"No matter where you live or are traveling to, you should avoid food that is poorly cooked as it increases your risk of food poisoning and other causes of infection. Poorly cooked food may be major conduit of H. Pylori because the food is not heated to a temperature high enough to kill the bacteria. This can be hard to detect, but if your food is cold or raw, avoid eating it because it could possibly be a carrier of the bacteria. \\nAvoid food that has been inadequately cleaned, like vegetables, or handled, like meats and fish. Improperly cleaned and mishandled foods also increase the risk of all types of foodborne infection.\\nYou should also cook any food you make yourself to a high temperature as well. Since you may not know where all the food came from that you are cooking, you need to be certain you cook it well. This way you can avoid contaminating yourself with the bacteria as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid unsanitary areas.\", \"描述\": \"Like most bacterial infections, one of the major ways that the H. Pylori bacteria may be transmitted is through unsanitary conditions. This includes food and beverage production, living conditions, and activity areas as well. Food that is cooked in a poorly sanitized setting can transmit the bacteria from one individual to another. Avoid roadside locations or food carts where it is evident that there is no proper facilities for hand washing or cleaning utensils.\\nYou should also avoid living arrangements near unclean water sources, sewage locations, and other areas where unclean and dirty water may be prevalent.\\nAvoid places where people don't use gloves, where there are inadequate restroom and cleaning facilities, or places where workers touch money and other people and then handle food or merchandise.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Recognize accidental transmission.\", \"描述\": \"Another way that the bacteria may be transmitted is through the fecal-oral route or the oral-oral route. This means that food, water, and objects are contaminated with the bacteria because of poor sewage practices and poor hygiene. Since many individuals do not know they are carrying the bacteria, it can easily be transferred from one individual to another. Accidental transmission often occurs when a person is carrying the bacteria and does not practice proper hand washing practices.\\nThe bacteria can be found in saliva, feces, vomit, and other gastric and oral secretions. Any of these substances from a carrier getting into your mouth, or if you touch your hand to your mouth after touching something with the bacteria on it, will increase the risk of infection with H. Pylori.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Preventing H. Pylori\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wash your hands thoroughly.\", \"描述\": \"Since the main source of the H. Pylori bacteria is not yet known, you should always practice proper personal hygiene and hand washing. You should wash your hands thoroughly and often, especially after using the restroom or before handling food.\\nProper hand washing starts with warm water, at least 120 degrees, and a decent sized helping of liquid soap. Place the soap in your hands and wet them briefly. Wash them for a total of 15-30 seconds, scrubbing around your fingers, along the front and back of your palms, and around your fingernails, and under jewelry. Then, rinse them in the warm water and dry them with a clean, sanitized towel or clean paper towel.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Eat in sanitary places.\", \"描述\": \"When you are in a non-industrialized nation, eat only in restaurants with sanitation standards similar to an industrialized country's standard of sanitation. Kitchen utensils should be washed in hot water with antibacterial soap. Once the utensils are cleansed, they may become reinfected if handled by a carrier who has touched his mouth or not properly washed his hands after using the restroom. Because of this, ensure that you only eat at places where employees wear gloves as well.\\nThe use of hand sanitizer is helpful in these questionable scenarios.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stop interacting with those infected.\", \"描述\": \"If you are married to or in a relationship with someone infected or if you have a family member who has H. Pylori, you should be very careful with your interactions with them. If you are married or dating someone infected, do not kiss them or engage in any sort of sexual activity until they have been treated for the infection. Also keep their toothbrush, cups, and utensils in a different area so the bacteria cannot be transmitted through saliva.\\nYou should also not let anyone in your family with the bacterial infection prepare food, serve drinks, or touch things that are consumed so they cannot transmit the bacteria accidentally through touch or other contamination.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Get tested.\", \"描述\": \"If a family member gets sick with the bacterial infection, you need to get checked as well. In terms of prevention, eradication is a large part of avoiding the bacteria in the future. Since it is thought to be spread by poor hygiene and sanitary conditions within families, it is recommended that, to eradicate H. Pylori from your family, all family members get tested for the H. Pylori bacteria.\\nIf a family member is positive, they must be treated then retested for the bacteria after 4 weeks of treatment. Reinfection can occur and start the cycle over if you do not make sure that the bacteria is eradicated from the entire household.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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3,276 | How to Avoid an Online Romance Scam | 1. Checking Out the Profile
1-1. Look at their profile picture.
If their profile picture looks professionally done and can be found on a modeling website, chances are the person stole the picture. Sure, they may just be a lonely model, but how likely is that? You can use Google's image search or other reverse image search sites to see if this picture shows up on a stock image site.
1-2. Look at their height/weight proportionality.
If someone is desperate to sound good, they may not remember that something like 6' and 95 lbs is not proportional, unless their diet is insane.
1-3. See if they have a wedding ring on in the photo despite claiming to be single.
It's up to you whether you're willing to get involved in an affair or not, but just remember this: if they've lied about their marital status, what else could they be lying about?
1-4. Consider the occupation.
A scammer's occupation is usually some type of "Engineer" for men and a "Model" for women. It's just another way to make themselves sound like a good pick. Engineers make heaps of money, and models normally look beautiful. Now doesn't that sound amazing?
1-5. Copy parts of the profile.
Use this to do a Google search to see if shows up on other websites. If the profile is for another photo or perhaps man or woman, this person may be using the words verbatim and is a fraudster.
1-6. Ask exact and specific questions about some of the likes or statements on the profile.
For example, ask things such as "What is your favorite character on the TV show?" that they listed.
If they list they have a specific car or boat; check what kind of mileage they get or brand of boat.
Ask about a particular restaurant in the city and Google the address.
Ask how to get there from another easily accessed address close to this; for example, McDonalds is on First Street there, so is that next to the XXXX? Google Maps will usually show street names and even a street picture to help you gauge the accuracy of the response.
2. Learning From the Introductory Letter
2-1. Read their introductory letter.
Scammers often use the phrase "Remember the distance or color does not matter, but love matters a lot in life". That phrase is used in a lot of love scam emails.
2-2. Be cautious if they immediately want to get you off the dating website and onto a IM chat.
Although they could simply enjoy IM chatting more, what they say in IM may not be reportable to the website, allowing their profile to stay up so they can draw in other people.
2-3. Check their spelling and grammar.
While plenty of people have bad grammar or spelling, see if it's inconsistent with the way people speak from where they claim to be. Also, if it is audio chat, see if his/her accent is what he/she claimed it to be (if the scammer happened to mention that before, of course).
3. Getting Personal
3-1. Ask personal questions, including ones about where they claim to be from.
Scammers do not like to answer personal questions about themselves and will often misspell the cities they say they are from. If they are unfamiliar with any of the local landmarks and attractions, this is another sign. If they claim to be from a foreign country, steer clear immediately, no matter how charming they are.
3-2. Ask to see a photo with their face clearly visible and their username written on a piece of paper or their hand.
At the very least, it will show you that they are the person in the picture. Even better, video chat with them if they have a webcam. It does not, however, mean that everything they say is the truth. Services like Chatroulette can be manipulated to show a photo of, say, celebrities, instead of their real selves.
3-3. See if they're hesitant to give their phone number.
Early on if the relationship is getting 'established' it is not strange to ask your "friend" for a phone number or address where you can call spontaneously. Marrieds have to worry about spouses or children intercepting the call/visit. This will put most marrieds off quickly. As well, phone numbers and addresses are easily reverse engineered. Modern people finding sites can tell you if a 50 year old John Doe has ever resided at that address in their lives! If someone lives in Denver, Colorado, why do you need a country code for an African nation?
4. Watching Out for Eager Romance
Be wary if they seem to get too serious too soon.
This may include using pet names (e.g. hon, love, babe, sweetie, etc.) immediately, or discussing marriage after a few IM chats. They may also claim that destiny, fate, or God brought you guys together and that they can't live without you. Most of this is all things to lure you in.
5. Setting Off the Money Warning Bells
Stop any and all communication, and report them, if they ask for money for any reason.
They often claim they are in the hospital and the doctor will not perform the operation they need until you send them money. They could also say that they're so in love that they need to see you, but they need money to come visit you.
Tips
Never send money to a stranger online.
They may become verbally abusive if you deny them, so just block them and move on. Don't waste your time on creeps like that.
You can never be 100% sure that everything they say is the truth. You can only look for red flags. Even in real life, people lie and cheat all the time. Don't be their next victim.
Warnings
Never send money. Scammers come in all forms, from the utterly stupid and despicable, to the utterly convincing. There may be the small chance that the person is telling the truth, but do you really want to risk it?
If you are new to the site, be cautious of any long-distance or out-of-country interests.
Never give out information that could be used to find you without making absolutely sure that you can trust them. This may mean even keeping your email (if the service allows it) a secret until you safely meet them in a public place.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:40",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Checking Out the Profile\\n1-1. Look at their profile picture.\\nIf their profile picture looks professionally done and can be found on a modeling website, chances are the person stole the picture. Sure, they may just be a lonely model, but how likely is that? You can use Google's image search or other reverse image search sites to see if this picture shows up on a stock image site.\\n1-2. Look at their height/weight proportionality.\\nIf someone is desperate to sound good, they may not remember that something like 6' and 95 lbs is not proportional, unless their diet is insane.\\n1-3. See if they have a wedding ring on in the photo despite claiming to be single.\\nIt's up to you whether you're willing to get involved in an affair or not, but just remember this: if they've lied about their marital status, what else could they be lying about?\\n1-4. Consider the occupation.\\nA scammer's occupation is usually some type of \\\"Engineer\\\" for men and a \\\"Model\\\" for women. It's just another way to make themselves sound like a good pick. Engineers make heaps of money, and models normally look beautiful. Now doesn't that sound amazing?\\n1-5. Copy parts of the profile.\\nUse this to do a Google search to see if shows up on other websites. If the profile is for another photo or perhaps man or woman, this person may be using the words verbatim and is a fraudster.\\n1-6. Ask exact and specific questions about some of the likes or statements on the profile.\\nFor example, ask things such as \\\"What is your favorite character on the TV show?\\\" that they listed.\\nIf they list they have a specific car or boat; check what kind of mileage they get or brand of boat.\\nAsk about a particular restaurant in the city and Google the address.\\nAsk how to get there from another easily accessed address close to this; for example, McDonalds is on First Street there, so is that next to the XXXX? Google Maps will usually show street names and even a street picture to help you gauge the accuracy of the response.\\n2. Learning From the Introductory Letter\\n2-1. Read their introductory letter.\\nScammers often use the phrase \\\"Remember the distance or color does not matter, but love matters a lot in life\\\". That phrase is used in a lot of love scam emails.\\n2-2. Be cautious if they immediately want to get you off the dating website and onto a IM chat.\\nAlthough they could simply enjoy IM chatting more, what they say in IM may not be reportable to the website, allowing their profile to stay up so they can draw in other people.\\n2-3. Check their spelling and grammar.\\nWhile plenty of people have bad grammar or spelling, see if it's inconsistent with the way people speak from where they claim to be. Also, if it is audio chat, see if his/her accent is what he/she claimed it to be (if the scammer happened to mention that before, of course).\\n3. Getting Personal\\n3-1. Ask personal questions, including ones about where they claim to be from.\\nScammers do not like to answer personal questions about themselves and will often misspell the cities they say they are from. If they are unfamiliar with any of the local landmarks and attractions, this is another sign. If they claim to be from a foreign country, steer clear immediately, no matter how charming they are.\\n3-2. Ask to see a photo with their face clearly visible and their username written on a piece of paper or their hand.\\nAt the very least, it will show you that they are the person in the picture. Even better, video chat with them if they have a webcam. It does not, however, mean that everything they say is the truth. Services like Chatroulette can be manipulated to show a photo of, say, celebrities, instead of their real selves.\\n3-3. See if they're hesitant to give their phone number.\\nEarly on if the relationship is getting 'established' it is not strange to ask your \\\"friend\\\" for a phone number or address where you can call spontaneously. Marrieds have to worry about spouses or children intercepting the call/visit. This will put most marrieds off quickly. As well, phone numbers and addresses are easily reverse engineered. Modern people finding sites can tell you if a 50 year old John Doe has ever resided at that address in their lives! If someone lives in Denver, Colorado, why do you need a country code for an African nation?\\n4. Watching Out for Eager Romance\\nBe wary if they seem to get too serious too soon.\\nThis may include using pet names (e.g. hon, love, babe, sweetie, etc.) immediately, or discussing marriage after a few IM chats. They may also claim that destiny, fate, or God brought you guys together and that they can't live without you. Most of this is all things to lure you in.\\n5. Setting Off the Money Warning Bells\\nStop any and all communication, and report them, if they ask for money for any reason.\\nThey often claim they are in the hospital and the doctor will not perform the operation they need until you send them money. They could also say that they're so in love that they need to see you, but they need money to come visit you.\\nTips\\nNever send money to a stranger online.\\nThey may become verbally abusive if you deny them, so just block them and move on. Don't waste your time on creeps like that.\\nYou can never be 100% sure that everything they say is the truth. You can only look for red flags. Even in real life, people lie and cheat all the time. Don't be their next victim.\\nWarnings\\nNever send money. Scammers come in all forms, from the utterly stupid and despicable, to the utterly convincing. There may be the small chance that the person is telling the truth, but do you really want to risk it?\\nIf you are new to the site, be cautious of any long-distance or out-of-country interests.\\nNever give out information that could be used to find you without making absolutely sure that you can trust them. This may mean even keeping your email (if the service allows it) a secret until you safely meet them in a public place.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Due to the anonymity of the internet, lying and scamming can be incredibly easy. If you're not careful, you could get scammed out of your time (and feelings) or even money. So, how can you tell if the person who has contacted you via an on-line dating site is sincere or a scammer?\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Checking Out the Profile\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look at their profile picture.\", \"描述\": \"If their profile picture looks professionally done and can be found on a modeling website, chances are the person stole the picture. Sure, they may just be a lonely model, but how likely is that? You can use Google's image search or other reverse image search sites to see if this picture shows up on a stock image site.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look at their height/weight proportionality.\", \"描述\": \"If someone is desperate to sound good, they may not remember that something like 6' and 95 lbs is not proportional, unless their diet is insane.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"See if they have a wedding ring on in the photo despite claiming to be single.\", \"描述\": \"It's up to you whether you're willing to get involved in an affair or not, but just remember this: if they've lied about their marital status, what else could they be lying about?\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Consider the occupation.\", \"描述\": \"A scammer's occupation is usually some type of \\\"Engineer\\\" for men and a \\\"Model\\\" for women. It's just another way to make themselves sound like a good pick. Engineers make heaps of money, and models normally look beautiful. Now doesn't that sound amazing?\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Copy parts of the profile.\", \"描述\": \"Use this to do a Google search to see if shows up on other websites. If the profile is for another photo or perhaps man or woman, this person may be using the words verbatim and is a fraudster.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Ask exact and specific questions about some of the likes or statements on the profile.\", \"描述\": \"For example, ask things such as \\\"What is your favorite character on the TV show?\\\" that they listed.\\nIf they list they have a specific car or boat; check what kind of mileage they get or brand of boat.\\nAsk about a particular restaurant in the city and Google the address.\\nAsk how to get there from another easily accessed address close to this; for example, McDonalds is on First Street there, so is that next to the XXXX? Google Maps will usually show street names and even a street picture to help you gauge the accuracy of the response.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learning From the Introductory Letter\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read their introductory letter.\", \"描述\": \"Scammers often use the phrase \\\"Remember the distance or color does not matter, but love matters a lot in life\\\". That phrase is used in a lot of love scam emails.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be cautious if they immediately want to get you off the dating website and onto a IM chat.\", \"描述\": \"Although they could simply enjoy IM chatting more, what they say in IM may not be reportable to the website, allowing their profile to stay up so they can draw in other people.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check their spelling and grammar.\", \"描述\": \"While plenty of people have bad grammar or spelling, see if it's inconsistent with the way people speak from where they claim to be. Also, if it is audio chat, see if his/her accent is what he/she claimed it to be (if the scammer happened to mention that before, of course).\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Getting Personal\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ask personal questions, including ones about where they claim to be from.\", \"描述\": \"Scammers do not like to answer personal questions about themselves and will often misspell the cities they say they are from. If they are unfamiliar with any of the local landmarks and attractions, this is another sign. If they claim to be from a foreign country, steer clear immediately, no matter how charming they are.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask to see a photo with their face clearly visible and their username written on a piece of paper or their hand.\", \"描述\": \"At the very least, it will show you that they are the person in the picture. Even better, video chat with them if they have a webcam. It does not, however, mean that everything they say is the truth. Services like Chatroulette can be manipulated to show a photo of, say, celebrities, instead of their real selves.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"See if they're hesitant to give their phone number.\", \"描述\": \"Early on if the relationship is getting 'established' it is not strange to ask your \\\"friend\\\" for a phone number or address where you can call spontaneously. Marrieds have to worry about spouses or children intercepting the call/visit. This will put most marrieds off quickly. As well, phone numbers and addresses are easily reverse engineered. Modern people finding sites can tell you if a 50 year old John Doe has ever resided at that address in their lives! If someone lives in Denver, Colorado, why do you need a country code for an African nation?\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Watching Out for Eager Romance\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be wary if they seem to get too serious too soon.\", \"描述\": \"This may include using pet names (e.g. hon, love, babe, sweetie, etc.) immediately, or discussing marriage after a few IM chats. They may also claim that destiny, fate, or God brought you guys together and that they can't live without you. Most of this is all things to lure you in.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Setting Off the Money Warning Bells\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Stop any and all communication, and report them, if they ask for money for any reason.\", \"描述\": \"They often claim they are in the hospital and the doctor will not perform the operation they need until you send them money. They could also say that they're so in love that they need to see you, but they need money to come visit you.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Never send money to a stranger online.\\n\", \"They may become verbally abusive if you deny them, so just block them and move on. Don't waste your time on creeps like that.\\n\", \"You can never be 100% sure that everything they say is the truth. You can only look for red flags. Even in real life, people lie and cheat all the time. Don't be their next victim.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never send money. Scammers come in all forms, from the utterly stupid and despicable, to the utterly convincing. There may be the small chance that the person is telling the truth, but do you really want to risk it?\\n\", \"If you are new to the site, be cautious of any long-distance or out-of-country interests.\\n\", \"Never give out information that could be used to find you without making absolutely sure that you can trust them. This may mean even keeping your email (if the service allows it) a secret until you safely meet them in a public place.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,277 | How to Avoid an Undesired Conversation | 1. Avoiding the Person
1-1. Be alert.
The best way to avoid someone, and the conversation they may want to have with you, is to be aware of when they are or might be around. Be aware of their schedule as well as of your surroundings.
Pay attention to which routes they take, where they normally hang out, what times they leave and arrive.
This way you will know what places to avoid and when.
Pay attention to what is going on around you so that you spot them before they spot you.
1-2. Don’t engage them.
If you happen to run into them, don’t give them the opportunity to start a conversation with you. If at all possible leave the area before the person sees you. If you can’t leave the area, then avoid a conversation with them by appearing very busy.
Calmly, but briskly walk away. Avoid looking behind you because they could be trying to get your attention.
Do not make eye contact. As soon as you see them, look away before they can make eye contact with you. Act naturally, but look at your watch, your phone, your computer, anything but them.
If you are seen by the person, a smile and a small nod may allow you to continue on your way. Don’t break stride when you do it.
Absorb yourself in some work, a phone call, or something that makes you seem far too busy to talk.
1-3. Beware of social media.
Because so many people use social networking, where you are, what you are doing, and who you are with is almost public information. The person you are trying to avoid could use it as an easy way to contact you.
If you are ‘checking-in’ everywhere you go or using a location tag on your posts, the person will know exactly where to find you. Also, don’t post pictures of where you are. Wait until later or even until the end of the week to post pictures of places you have been.
Some apps and sites indicate when you are logged on allowing the person to know when to try to contact you.
Responding to public posts or sharing posts of your own, but not responding to that person is a clear sign that you are avoiding them. If you don’t want them to take it personally, avoid a social media presence until you can stop avoiding them. You may even have the option to prevent certain people from seeing your posts depending on what social media site you are using.
Consider unfriending or blocking them for a while. Although it may be extreme, if you are truly trying to avoid them and the conversation they want to have, you may need to do this. Blocking them will prevent them from finding you in a search, so they may believe that you are not currently on social media.
2. Limiting Your Interactions
2-1. Act decisively.
Sometimes you can’t avoid the person. In order to limit the time you are around the person, you have to be prepared and act quickly. Know what you will say before you need to say it. Don’t hesitate or waver in what you are saying because it will allow the person an opening to extend the conversation.
Have excuses ready. Always have somewhere you’re going or something important and time-sensitive you have to do in mind.
For example, you could say, “It’s great to see you, but I have to finish that big report!”
If you need to, tell the person directly that you don’t want to engage in conversation and let them know the reason why you don't want to engage with them.
You might try saying, “I’m not trying to be rude. But I need some quiet time right now to think. Let’s talk later.”
2-2. Keep interactions brief.
Limit your interactions with them by keeping them as short as possible. The less time you are around them, the less time they have to engage you in conversation.
Keep your responses to one or two words and don’t bring up topics that may prompt lengthy answers.
For example, if you see the person and they ask you how you are doing, keep walking while you smile and reply, “Well and busy!”
Ask close-ended questions. Questions that require answers like ‘yes’ or ‘no’ keep a conversation short. Start talking again as soon as they give their answer so that they don’t have time to continue.
For example, if you ask “How are you?” as soon as they respond “Fine” start telling them what a hurry you are in.
2-3. Use your body language.
This is one indirect, but effective way to limit your interaction. It can help you avoid the person talking too long or about something you don’t want to discuss. Use your posture and mannerisms to indicate that the interaction will be brief.
If possible, try to continue walking while you are talking to the person. If you see them coming towards you before they see you then pick up your pace as if you are in a hurry, then speed past with a quick smile and hello.
If you can’t leave the area, try to look busy or engaged in something else. For example, continue looking at your electronic device or your watch as you talk to them.
Turn your body slightly away from them. When you face someone or lean towards them, you seem more engaged in the conversation.
2-4. Comment and then exit.
You can politely excuse yourself by commenting on something the person has said and then immediately saying you need to leave. Making a remark about them makes you seem interested in them and caring. It softens your exit.
Using the word ‘need’ implies that you have no choice, which also makes your exit nicer.
For example, you might say, “I hope your karaoke night goes well! I’ll have to hear more about it later, though. I need to get to my appointment.”
Do this while acting genuinely friendly and regretful.
3. Controlling the Conversation
3-1. Set the tone.
When you have no choice but to talk to the person, make sure you are in control by setting the tone for the conversation. Be the first person to speak and choose your words and how you say them carefully.
You can use a tone that is friendly, bored, tired, or busy. Use which ever tone will help you control the conversation and avoid difficult subjects.
For example, if you want a potentially hostile confrontation to be peaceful, then greet the person calmly but briefly. A simple, “Hello, how are you?” sets a neutral tone.
Also, consider what time of day to have the conversation and what medium to use. For example, you might decide to have a phone conversation with the person during the day. Or, you might decide to send them an email. This will allow you to keep the conversation as brief as possible.
3-2. Choose the topics.
You can control the conversation by thinking about what you are okay talking about, as well as what you want to avoid. Bring up the topics you choose and ask the person questions about them. When necessary, relate what they are saying to what you want to talk about.
Try to ask open-ended questions that will keep the person talking about the topic longer.
For example, instead of saying, “Do you like the car”, you might say, “How do you think this car compares to the other one?”
If you want to only talk about work and they start talking about weekend plans, you could try saying, “Before I can think about the weekend, I have to finish the big report. What is your approach to the sales plan?” To maintain a business only relationship, smile to project warmth, but do not ask personal questions, such as how they are doing or what their plans are for the weekend. Keep your questions work related.
You may also just need to say, “I don’t want to talk about that. Let’s talk about something else.”
3-3. Change the subject.
One way to control the conversation is to subtly change the topic when it turns to something you don’t want to talk about. Have a few safe topics I mind before going into the conversation, such as sports, the weather, or how the person’s spouse or kids are doing. This way you can avoid the touchy topic. There are several ways to do this without the person even noticing what you are doing.
If you notice they are getting close to a touchy topic, then excuse yourself briefly. When you return start talking about something else.
For example, if you didn’t get your driver’s license and your friend is starting to talk about a cross-country trip, go to the restroom for a few minutes. When you return start talking about the weird graffiti you saw on the stall.
3-4. Make it a group discussion.
Doing this will make it easier for you to avoid talking about anything you want to avoid. If the conversation turns toward a sticky topic, comment vaguely about it and then draw someone else into the conversation. The additional person will take some of the attention of off you.
It will also keep the conversation from becoming too personal and it may give you the opportunity to escape!
For example, if your girlfriend asks how you define cheating, you might say, “It could include a lot of different things.” And then turn to someone else and say, “Will you help me and my girlfriend out? What do you consider cheating?”
This might not be a good if it’s your parents. They could team up against you and force you into the conversation you don’t want to have.
3-5. Tune them out.
Sometimes you just can’t control the conversation no matter how you try. If you aren’t required to respond (for example, if it’s a co-worker just prattling on and on) then let your mind drift to more important or interesting topics.
Remember to give a small nod or “mm-hmm” every now and then or the person will catch on that you aren’t really listening.
Think about your to-do list or make a mental want-to-do list. Brainstorm ways to avoid being in this situation again.
This won’t work if the conversation you want to avoid is one that regards some issue you and the other person need to work out of if they are angry with you.
If you start to get irritated, take a few deep breaths and focus on relaxing your body to help calm yourself down.
Warnings
These directions do not work on close friends and family members. Use with caution and exercise proper judgment.
If you have been avoiding the person for some time before this encounter, these directions may not work as intended.
Do not avoid a conversation unless you are willing to accept the consequences that may arise from your actions. These could come in the form of an angry spouse or further awkward meetings at a later date. Do not burn your bridges!
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:40",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Avoiding the Person\\n1-1. Be alert.\\nThe best way to avoid someone, and the conversation they may want to have with you, is to be aware of when they are or might be around. Be aware of their schedule as well as of your surroundings.\\nPay attention to which routes they take, where they normally hang out, what times they leave and arrive.\\nThis way you will know what places to avoid and when.\\nPay attention to what is going on around you so that you spot them before they spot you.\\n1-2. Don’t engage them.\\nIf you happen to run into them, don’t give them the opportunity to start a conversation with you. If at all possible leave the area before the person sees you. If you can’t leave the area, then avoid a conversation with them by appearing very busy. \\nCalmly, but briskly walk away. Avoid looking behind you because they could be trying to get your attention.\\nDo not make eye contact. As soon as you see them, look away before they can make eye contact with you. Act naturally, but look at your watch, your phone, your computer, anything but them.\\nIf you are seen by the person, a smile and a small nod may allow you to continue on your way. Don’t break stride when you do it.\\nAbsorb yourself in some work, a phone call, or something that makes you seem far too busy to talk.\\n1-3. Beware of social media.\\nBecause so many people use social networking, where you are, what you are doing, and who you are with is almost public information. The person you are trying to avoid could use it as an easy way to contact you.\\nIf you are ‘checking-in’ everywhere you go or using a location tag on your posts, the person will know exactly where to find you. Also, don’t post pictures of where you are. Wait until later or even until the end of the week to post pictures of places you have been.\\nSome apps and sites indicate when you are logged on allowing the person to know when to try to contact you.\\nResponding to public posts or sharing posts of your own, but not responding to that person is a clear sign that you are avoiding them. If you don’t want them to take it personally, avoid a social media presence until you can stop avoiding them. You may even have the option to prevent certain people from seeing your posts depending on what social media site you are using.\\nConsider unfriending or blocking them for a while. Although it may be extreme, if you are truly trying to avoid them and the conversation they want to have, you may need to do this. Blocking them will prevent them from finding you in a search, so they may believe that you are not currently on social media.\\n2. Limiting Your Interactions\\n2-1. Act decisively.\\nSometimes you can’t avoid the person. In order to limit the time you are around the person, you have to be prepared and act quickly. Know what you will say before you need to say it. Don’t hesitate or waver in what you are saying because it will allow the person an opening to extend the conversation. \\nHave excuses ready. Always have somewhere you’re going or something important and time-sensitive you have to do in mind.\\nFor example, you could say, “It’s great to see you, but I have to finish that big report!”\\nIf you need to, tell the person directly that you don’t want to engage in conversation and let them know the reason why you don't want to engage with them.\\nYou might try saying, “I’m not trying to be rude. But I need some quiet time right now to think. Let’s talk later.”\\n2-2. Keep interactions brief.\\nLimit your interactions with them by keeping them as short as possible. The less time you are around them, the less time they have to engage you in conversation.\\nKeep your responses to one or two words and don’t bring up topics that may prompt lengthy answers.\\nFor example, if you see the person and they ask you how you are doing, keep walking while you smile and reply, “Well and busy!”\\nAsk close-ended questions. Questions that require answers like ‘yes’ or ‘no’ keep a conversation short. Start talking again as soon as they give their answer so that they don’t have time to continue.\\nFor example, if you ask “How are you?” as soon as they respond “Fine” start telling them what a hurry you are in.\\n2-3. Use your body language.\\nThis is one indirect, but effective way to limit your interaction. It can help you avoid the person talking too long or about something you don’t want to discuss. Use your posture and mannerisms to indicate that the interaction will be brief. \\nIf possible, try to continue walking while you are talking to the person. If you see them coming towards you before they see you then pick up your pace as if you are in a hurry, then speed past with a quick smile and hello.\\nIf you can’t leave the area, try to look busy or engaged in something else. For example, continue looking at your electronic device or your watch as you talk to them.\\nTurn your body slightly away from them. When you face someone or lean towards them, you seem more engaged in the conversation.\\n2-4. Comment and then exit.\\nYou can politely excuse yourself by commenting on something the person has said and then immediately saying you need to leave. Making a remark about them makes you seem interested in them and caring. It softens your exit. \\nUsing the word ‘need’ implies that you have no choice, which also makes your exit nicer.\\nFor example, you might say, “I hope your karaoke night goes well! I’ll have to hear more about it later, though. I need to get to my appointment.”\\nDo this while acting genuinely friendly and regretful.\\n3. Controlling the Conversation\\n3-1. Set the tone.\\nWhen you have no choice but to talk to the person, make sure you are in control by setting the tone for the conversation. Be the first person to speak and choose your words and how you say them carefully.\\nYou can use a tone that is friendly, bored, tired, or busy. Use which ever tone will help you control the conversation and avoid difficult subjects.\\nFor example, if you want a potentially hostile confrontation to be peaceful, then greet the person calmly but briefly. A simple, “Hello, how are you?” sets a neutral tone.\\nAlso, consider what time of day to have the conversation and what medium to use. For example, you might decide to have a phone conversation with the person during the day. Or, you might decide to send them an email. This will allow you to keep the conversation as brief as possible.\\n3-2. Choose the topics.\\nYou can control the conversation by thinking about what you are okay talking about, as well as what you want to avoid. Bring up the topics you choose and ask the person questions about them. When necessary, relate what they are saying to what you want to talk about. \\nTry to ask open-ended questions that will keep the person talking about the topic longer.\\nFor example, instead of saying, “Do you like the car”, you might say, “How do you think this car compares to the other one?”\\nIf you want to only talk about work and they start talking about weekend plans, you could try saying, “Before I can think about the weekend, I have to finish the big report. What is your approach to the sales plan?” To maintain a business only relationship, smile to project warmth, but do not ask personal questions, such as how they are doing or what their plans are for the weekend. Keep your questions work related.\\nYou may also just need to say, “I don’t want to talk about that. Let’s talk about something else.”\\n3-3. Change the subject.\\nOne way to control the conversation is to subtly change the topic when it turns to something you don’t want to talk about. Have a few safe topics I mind before going into the conversation, such as sports, the weather, or how the person’s spouse or kids are doing. This way you can avoid the touchy topic. There are several ways to do this without the person even noticing what you are doing. \\nIf you notice they are getting close to a touchy topic, then excuse yourself briefly. When you return start talking about something else.\\nFor example, if you didn’t get your driver’s license and your friend is starting to talk about a cross-country trip, go to the restroom for a few minutes. When you return start talking about the weird graffiti you saw on the stall.\\n3-4. Make it a group discussion.\\nDoing this will make it easier for you to avoid talking about anything you want to avoid. If the conversation turns toward a sticky topic, comment vaguely about it and then draw someone else into the conversation. The additional person will take some of the attention of off you. \\nIt will also keep the conversation from becoming too personal and it may give you the opportunity to escape!\\nFor example, if your girlfriend asks how you define cheating, you might say, “It could include a lot of different things.” And then turn to someone else and say, “Will you help me and my girlfriend out? What do you consider cheating?”\\nThis might not be a good if it’s your parents. They could team up against you and force you into the conversation you don’t want to have.\\n3-5. Tune them out.\\nSometimes you just can’t control the conversation no matter how you try. If you aren’t required to respond (for example, if it’s a co-worker just prattling on and on) then let your mind drift to more important or interesting topics. \\nRemember to give a small nod or “mm-hmm” every now and then or the person will catch on that you aren’t really listening.\\nThink about your to-do list or make a mental want-to-do list. Brainstorm ways to avoid being in this situation again.\\nThis won’t work if the conversation you want to avoid is one that regards some issue you and the other person need to work out of if they are angry with you.\\nIf you start to get irritated, take a few deep breaths and focus on relaxing your body to help calm yourself down.\\nWarnings\\nThese directions do not work on close friends and family members. Use with caution and exercise proper judgment.\\nIf you have been avoiding the person for some time before this encounter, these directions may not work as intended.\\nDo not avoid a conversation unless you are willing to accept the consequences that may arise from your actions. These could come in the form of an angry spouse or further awkward meetings at a later date. Do not burn your bridges!\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"There are times when you want to avoid a discussion or conversation that may be awkward or painful. It may be that you just bumped into an ex or just someone who talks for a bit too long. It might be that the conversation is sensitive or will lead to someone being hurt. Whatever the reason, you can avoid an unwanted conversation by avoiding the person altogether or taking control of your interactions and conversations with them.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoiding the Person\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be alert.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to avoid someone, and the conversation they may want to have with you, is to be aware of when they are or might be around. Be aware of their schedule as well as of your surroundings.\\nPay attention to which routes they take, where they normally hang out, what times they leave and arrive.\\nThis way you will know what places to avoid and when.\\nPay attention to what is going on around you so that you spot them before they spot you.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don’t engage them.\", \"描述\": \"If you happen to run into them, don’t give them the opportunity to start a conversation with you. If at all possible leave the area before the person sees you. If you can’t leave the area, then avoid a conversation with them by appearing very busy. \\nCalmly, but briskly walk away. Avoid looking behind you because they could be trying to get your attention.\\nDo not make eye contact. As soon as you see them, look away before they can make eye contact with you. Act naturally, but look at your watch, your phone, your computer, anything but them.\\nIf you are seen by the person, a smile and a small nod may allow you to continue on your way. Don’t break stride when you do it.\\nAbsorb yourself in some work, a phone call, or something that makes you seem far too busy to talk.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Beware of social media.\", \"描述\": \"Because so many people use social networking, where you are, what you are doing, and who you are with is almost public information. The person you are trying to avoid could use it as an easy way to contact you.\\nIf you are ‘checking-in’ everywhere you go or using a location tag on your posts, the person will know exactly where to find you. Also, don’t post pictures of where you are. Wait until later or even until the end of the week to post pictures of places you have been.\\nSome apps and sites indicate when you are logged on allowing the person to know when to try to contact you.\\nResponding to public posts or sharing posts of your own, but not responding to that person is a clear sign that you are avoiding them. If you don’t want them to take it personally, avoid a social media presence until you can stop avoiding them. You may even have the option to prevent certain people from seeing your posts depending on what social media site you are using.\\nConsider unfriending or blocking them for a while. Although it may be extreme, if you are truly trying to avoid them and the conversation they want to have, you may need to do this. Blocking them will prevent them from finding you in a search, so they may believe that you are not currently on social media.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Limiting Your Interactions\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Act decisively.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes you can’t avoid the person. In order to limit the time you are around the person, you have to be prepared and act quickly. Know what you will say before you need to say it. Don’t hesitate or waver in what you are saying because it will allow the person an opening to extend the conversation. \\nHave excuses ready. Always have somewhere you’re going or something important and time-sensitive you have to do in mind.\\nFor example, you could say, “It’s great to see you, but I have to finish that big report!”\\nIf you need to, tell the person directly that you don’t want to engage in conversation and let them know the reason why you don't want to engage with them.\\nYou might try saying, “I’m not trying to be rude. But I need some quiet time right now to think. Let’s talk later.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep interactions brief.\", \"描述\": \"Limit your interactions with them by keeping them as short as possible. The less time you are around them, the less time they have to engage you in conversation.\\nKeep your responses to one or two words and don’t bring up topics that may prompt lengthy answers.\\nFor example, if you see the person and they ask you how you are doing, keep walking while you smile and reply, “Well and busy!”\\nAsk close-ended questions. Questions that require answers like ‘yes’ or ‘no’ keep a conversation short. Start talking again as soon as they give their answer so that they don’t have time to continue.\\nFor example, if you ask “How are you?” as soon as they respond “Fine” start telling them what a hurry you are in.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use your body language.\", \"描述\": \"This is one indirect, but effective way to limit your interaction. It can help you avoid the person talking too long or about something you don’t want to discuss. Use your posture and mannerisms to indicate that the interaction will be brief. \\nIf possible, try to continue walking while you are talking to the person. If you see them coming towards you before they see you then pick up your pace as if you are in a hurry, then speed past with a quick smile and hello.\\nIf you can’t leave the area, try to look busy or engaged in something else. For example, continue looking at your electronic device or your watch as you talk to them.\\nTurn your body slightly away from them. When you face someone or lean towards them, you seem more engaged in the conversation.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Comment and then exit.\", \"描述\": \"You can politely excuse yourself by commenting on something the person has said and then immediately saying you need to leave. Making a remark about them makes you seem interested in them and caring. It softens your exit. \\nUsing the word ‘need’ implies that you have no choice, which also makes your exit nicer.\\nFor example, you might say, “I hope your karaoke night goes well! I’ll have to hear more about it later, though. I need to get to my appointment.”\\nDo this while acting genuinely friendly and regretful.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Controlling the Conversation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set the tone.\", \"描述\": \"When you have no choice but to talk to the person, make sure you are in control by setting the tone for the conversation. Be the first person to speak and choose your words and how you say them carefully.\\nYou can use a tone that is friendly, bored, tired, or busy. Use which ever tone will help you control the conversation and avoid difficult subjects.\\nFor example, if you want a potentially hostile confrontation to be peaceful, then greet the person calmly but briefly. A simple, “Hello, how are you?” sets a neutral tone.\\nAlso, consider what time of day to have the conversation and what medium to use. For example, you might decide to have a phone conversation with the person during the day. Or, you might decide to send them an email. This will allow you to keep the conversation as brief as possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose the topics.\", \"描述\": \"You can control the conversation by thinking about what you are okay talking about, as well as what you want to avoid. Bring up the topics you choose and ask the person questions about them. When necessary, relate what they are saying to what you want to talk about. \\nTry to ask open-ended questions that will keep the person talking about the topic longer.\\nFor example, instead of saying, “Do you like the car”, you might say, “How do you think this car compares to the other one?”\\nIf you want to only talk about work and they start talking about weekend plans, you could try saying, “Before I can think about the weekend, I have to finish the big report. What is your approach to the sales plan?” To maintain a business only relationship, smile to project warmth, but do not ask personal questions, such as how they are doing or what their plans are for the weekend. Keep your questions work related.\\nYou may also just need to say, “I don’t want to talk about that. Let’s talk about something else.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Change the subject.\", \"描述\": \"One way to control the conversation is to subtly change the topic when it turns to something you don’t want to talk about. Have a few safe topics I mind before going into the conversation, such as sports, the weather, or how the person’s spouse or kids are doing. This way you can avoid the touchy topic. There are several ways to do this without the person even noticing what you are doing. \\nIf you notice they are getting close to a touchy topic, then excuse yourself briefly. When you return start talking about something else.\\nFor example, if you didn’t get your driver’s license and your friend is starting to talk about a cross-country trip, go to the restroom for a few minutes. When you return start talking about the weird graffiti you saw on the stall.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Make it a group discussion.\", \"描述\": \"Doing this will make it easier for you to avoid talking about anything you want to avoid. If the conversation turns toward a sticky topic, comment vaguely about it and then draw someone else into the conversation. The additional person will take some of the attention of off you. \\nIt will also keep the conversation from becoming too personal and it may give you the opportunity to escape!\\nFor example, if your girlfriend asks how you define cheating, you might say, “It could include a lot of different things.” And then turn to someone else and say, “Will you help me and my girlfriend out? What do you consider cheating?”\\nThis might not be a good if it’s your parents. They could team up against you and force you into the conversation you don’t want to have.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tune them out.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes you just can’t control the conversation no matter how you try. If you aren’t required to respond (for example, if it’s a co-worker just prattling on and on) then let your mind drift to more important or interesting topics. \\nRemember to give a small nod or “mm-hmm” every now and then or the person will catch on that you aren’t really listening.\\nThink about your to-do list or make a mental want-to-do list. Brainstorm ways to avoid being in this situation again.\\nThis won’t work if the conversation you want to avoid is one that regards some issue you and the other person need to work out of if they are angry with you.\\nIf you start to get irritated, take a few deep breaths and focus on relaxing your body to help calm yourself down.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"These directions do not work on close friends and family members. Use with caution and exercise proper judgment.\\n\", \"If you have been avoiding the person for some time before this encounter, these directions may not work as intended.\\n\", \"Do not avoid a conversation unless you are willing to accept the consequences that may arise from your actions. These could come in the form of an angry spouse or further awkward meetings at a later date. Do not burn your bridges!\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,278 | How to Avoid an Upskirt | 1. Wear underwear with plenty of coverage.
Skip the thong and pull on some boyshorts.
That way, if anyone catches a glimpse of anything, it will all be covered up. Granny panties work too!
When you’re wearing a short skirt, you definitely don’t want to go commando. If it’s laundry day and you’re all out of underwear, put on some leggings instead.
2. Throw on a pair of tights for extra protection.
Tights help cover you up without adding too much bulk to your lower half.
If it’s not too warm out, pull on a pair of tights or pantyhose underneath your skirt. They’ll provide extra coverage and make you feel extra secure while wearing a skirt.
If you’re looking for extra-full coverage, go with leggings instead of sheer tights.
Don’t like the look of tights but still want some protection? Try wearing skin-colored pantyhose.
3. Try a bodysuit to stay covered.
Bodysuits cover a little more than what underwear covers.
If you don’t want to add an extra layer underneath your skirt, try a bodysuit instead. Bodysuits fit almost like one-piece bathing suits, and they look like a shirt that’s been tucked into your skirt.
Bodysuits are especially nice if you like the tucked-in look, but you don’t want to worry about your shirt bunching up all day.
Plus, bodysuits are very form-fitting and give you a sharp silhouette.
4. Wear bike shorts over your underwear.
These stretchy shorts give you ample amounts of coverage.
Bike shorts are usually made out of stretchy material such as lycra or spandex, and can be worn over your underwear to provide an extra layer of coverage. Because they're so fitted, you shouldn't be able to see that you're wearing them once the skirt is on.
If you’re wearing a mini skirt, go for short bike shorts instead of the longer ones. That way, you won’t see them peeking out from underneath your skirt.
Want to make a fashion statement? Pick out longer shorts in a fun print or with lace on them.
5. Choose a fitted skirt on windy days.
Loose, flowy skirts might fly up in the wind.
In order to avoid accidentally showing too much skin, try wearing a tight or fitted skirt that hugs your body. If tight-fitting skirts aren’t your style, opt for a flowy skirt that’s a bit longer on windy days.
Pencil skirts are a great choice for windy days because they’re so fitted.
Denim skirts are also a great choice, because they use stiffer material.
6. Smooth out your skirt as you sit down.
Keep your skirt covering everything to avoid any unwanted skin showing.
Use one or both hands to smooth your skirt from mid-thigh downward as you sit, especially if you're wearing a skirt with a slit in the back. This makes sure you're sitting evenly on the fabric without it bunching, and also closes off any potential space that could be too revealing.
Use this same trick when you get into a car, too.
7. Block your body with a big purse.
When you sit, put your bag in your lap to prevent any wayward glances.
A large handbag or purse can give you a lot of extra coverage if your skirt starts to ride up. Using a big bag is also a great trick when you’re getting out of a car.
Backpacks and crossbody bags work, too.
8. Cross your legs or ankles when you sit down.
Keeping your legs together will help keep your underwear from showing.
Be sure to cross your legs carefully in order to avoid exposing your underwear. If you want to play it really safe, only cross your ankles—this will draw your legs closer together without exposing any additional skin.
You can also situate your hands on your lap so that they cover any area that might be exposed while sitting.
9. Bend your knees to pick things up.
Bending your knees keeps you covered up as you reach toward the floor.
If you’re wearing a short skirt, you don’t want to bend at the waist, since that can cause your skirt to ride up in the back. If you need to grab something, slowly bend with your knees to avoid any fashion mishaps.
The same thing goes for tying your shoes.
10. Walk slowly up stairs.
Going slowly will help keep your skirt in place.
Take stairs one at a time, and try to keep your steps as close as possible. When you're traveling in a group, hang back and start up the stairs last. This way, you can avoid any wayward glances from the people behind you.
If you're on an escalator with people behind you, position yourself so that your rear is pressed against the side rail. That way, the people on the steps beneath you won’t be able to see up your skirt.
11. Avoid sitting on the floor or ground.
When you sit on a chair, it’s much easier to keep yourself covered up.
Flat floors can cause your skirt to ride up, especially as you bend down to sit. If it’s at all possible, sit in a chair or a bench instead. You might be covered while you're sitting, but lowering yourself and standing back up might put you in a revealing position, especially if you have to maneuver around high heels.
If you can’t avoid sitting on the floor, try sitting with your back to a wall and bending down slowly. Once you’re on the ground, cross your legs to keep everything covered up.
12. Stay away from glass railings and elevators.
Fully covered railings and elevators will protect you from eyes down below.
Many two-story malls and shopping centers use glass railings and elevators. If you are worried about an upskirt, avoid standing or walking too close to a glass railing, because people on the ground floor may be able to see up your skirt.
The same thing applies to glass elevators. Try not to stand along the glass—instead, situate yourself in the middle of the elevator so that you aren’t visible from the ground.
Tips
If you ever feel uncomfortable or unsafe out in public, call emergency services right away.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:40",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Wear underwear with plenty of coverage.\\nSkip the thong and pull on some boyshorts.\\nThat way, if anyone catches a glimpse of anything, it will all be covered up. Granny panties work too!\\nWhen you’re wearing a short skirt, you definitely don’t want to go commando. If it’s laundry day and you’re all out of underwear, put on some leggings instead.\\n2. Throw on a pair of tights for extra protection.\\nTights help cover you up without adding too much bulk to your lower half.\\nIf it’s not too warm out, pull on a pair of tights or pantyhose underneath your skirt. They’ll provide extra coverage and make you feel extra secure while wearing a skirt.\\nIf you’re looking for extra-full coverage, go with leggings instead of sheer tights.\\nDon’t like the look of tights but still want some protection? Try wearing skin-colored pantyhose.\\n3. Try a bodysuit to stay covered.\\nBodysuits cover a little more than what underwear covers.\\nIf you don’t want to add an extra layer underneath your skirt, try a bodysuit instead. Bodysuits fit almost like one-piece bathing suits, and they look like a shirt that’s been tucked into your skirt.\\nBodysuits are especially nice if you like the tucked-in look, but you don’t want to worry about your shirt bunching up all day.\\nPlus, bodysuits are very form-fitting and give you a sharp silhouette.\\n4. Wear bike shorts over your underwear.\\nThese stretchy shorts give you ample amounts of coverage.\\nBike shorts are usually made out of stretchy material such as lycra or spandex, and can be worn over your underwear to provide an extra layer of coverage. Because they're so fitted, you shouldn't be able to see that you're wearing them once the skirt is on.\\nIf you’re wearing a mini skirt, go for short bike shorts instead of the longer ones. That way, you won’t see them peeking out from underneath your skirt.\\nWant to make a fashion statement? Pick out longer shorts in a fun print or with lace on them.\\n5. Choose a fitted skirt on windy days.\\nLoose, flowy skirts might fly up in the wind.\\nIn order to avoid accidentally showing too much skin, try wearing a tight or fitted skirt that hugs your body. If tight-fitting skirts aren’t your style, opt for a flowy skirt that’s a bit longer on windy days.\\nPencil skirts are a great choice for windy days because they’re so fitted.\\nDenim skirts are also a great choice, because they use stiffer material.\\n6. Smooth out your skirt as you sit down.\\nKeep your skirt covering everything to avoid any unwanted skin showing.\\nUse one or both hands to smooth your skirt from mid-thigh downward as you sit, especially if you're wearing a skirt with a slit in the back. This makes sure you're sitting evenly on the fabric without it bunching, and also closes off any potential space that could be too revealing.\\nUse this same trick when you get into a car, too.\\n7. Block your body with a big purse.\\nWhen you sit, put your bag in your lap to prevent any wayward glances.\\nA large handbag or purse can give you a lot of extra coverage if your skirt starts to ride up. Using a big bag is also a great trick when you’re getting out of a car.\\nBackpacks and crossbody bags work, too.\\n8. Cross your legs or ankles when you sit down.\\nKeeping your legs together will help keep your underwear from showing.\\nBe sure to cross your legs carefully in order to avoid exposing your underwear. If you want to play it really safe, only cross your ankles—this will draw your legs closer together without exposing any additional skin.\\nYou can also situate your hands on your lap so that they cover any area that might be exposed while sitting.\\n9. Bend your knees to pick things up.\\nBending your knees keeps you covered up as you reach toward the floor.\\nIf you’re wearing a short skirt, you don’t want to bend at the waist, since that can cause your skirt to ride up in the back. If you need to grab something, slowly bend with your knees to avoid any fashion mishaps.\\nThe same thing goes for tying your shoes.\\n10. Walk slowly up stairs.\\nGoing slowly will help keep your skirt in place.\\nTake stairs one at a time, and try to keep your steps as close as possible. When you're traveling in a group, hang back and start up the stairs last. This way, you can avoid any wayward glances from the people behind you.\\nIf you're on an escalator with people behind you, position yourself so that your rear is pressed against the side rail. That way, the people on the steps beneath you won’t be able to see up your skirt.\\n11. Avoid sitting on the floor or ground.\\nWhen you sit on a chair, it’s much easier to keep yourself covered up.\\nFlat floors can cause your skirt to ride up, especially as you bend down to sit. If it’s at all possible, sit in a chair or a bench instead. You might be covered while you're sitting, but lowering yourself and standing back up might put you in a revealing position, especially if you have to maneuver around high heels.\\nIf you can’t avoid sitting on the floor, try sitting with your back to a wall and bending down slowly. Once you’re on the ground, cross your legs to keep everything covered up.\\n12. Stay away from glass railings and elevators.\\nFully covered railings and elevators will protect you from eyes down below.\\nMany two-story malls and shopping centers use glass railings and elevators. If you are worried about an upskirt, avoid standing or walking too close to a glass railing, because people on the ground floor may be able to see up your skirt.\\nThe same thing applies to glass elevators. Try not to stand along the glass—instead, situate yourself in the middle of the elevator so that you aren’t visible from the ground.\\nTips\\nIf you ever feel uncomfortable or unsafe out in public, call emergency services right away.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Wearing a skirt can make you look cool and trendy, but unfortunately, there are creeps out there who take advantage of women by taking photos up their skirts. You should know that it’s not your responsibility to prevent perverts, and it’s not your fault if someone takes an upskirt photo of you. However, if you’d like to lessen your chances of having an upskirt photo taken, this article will tell you everything you need to know.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wear underwear with plenty of coverage.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Skip the thong and pull on some boyshorts.\", \"描述\": \"That way, if anyone catches a glimpse of anything, it will all be covered up. Granny panties work too!\\nWhen you’re wearing a short skirt, you definitely don’t want to go commando. If it’s laundry day and you’re all out of underwear, put on some leggings instead.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Throw on a pair of tights for extra protection.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tights help cover you up without adding too much bulk to your lower half.\", \"描述\": \"If it’s not too warm out, pull on a pair of tights or pantyhose underneath your skirt. They’ll provide extra coverage and make you feel extra secure while wearing a skirt.\\nIf you’re looking for extra-full coverage, go with leggings instead of sheer tights.\\nDon’t like the look of tights but still want some protection? Try wearing skin-colored pantyhose.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Try a bodysuit to stay covered.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Bodysuits cover a little more than what underwear covers.\", \"描述\": \"If you don’t want to add an extra layer underneath your skirt, try a bodysuit instead. Bodysuits fit almost like one-piece bathing suits, and they look like a shirt that’s been tucked into your skirt.\\nBodysuits are especially nice if you like the tucked-in look, but you don’t want to worry about your shirt bunching up all day.\\nPlus, bodysuits are very form-fitting and give you a sharp silhouette.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wear bike shorts over your underwear.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"These stretchy shorts give you ample amounts of coverage.\", \"描述\": \"Bike shorts are usually made out of stretchy material such as lycra or spandex, and can be worn over your underwear to provide an extra layer of coverage. Because they're so fitted, you shouldn't be able to see that you're wearing them once the skirt is on.\\nIf you’re wearing a mini skirt, go for short bike shorts instead of the longer ones. That way, you won’t see them peeking out from underneath your skirt.\\nWant to make a fashion statement? Pick out longer shorts in a fun print or with lace on them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Choose a fitted skirt on windy days.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Loose, flowy skirts might fly up in the wind.\", \"描述\": \"In order to avoid accidentally showing too much skin, try wearing a tight or fitted skirt that hugs your body. If tight-fitting skirts aren’t your style, opt for a flowy skirt that’s a bit longer on windy days.\\nPencil skirts are a great choice for windy days because they’re so fitted.\\nDenim skirts are also a great choice, because they use stiffer material.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Smooth out your skirt as you sit down.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep your skirt covering everything to avoid any unwanted skin showing.\", \"描述\": \"Use one or both hands to smooth your skirt from mid-thigh downward as you sit, especially if you're wearing a skirt with a slit in the back. This makes sure you're sitting evenly on the fabric without it bunching, and also closes off any potential space that could be too revealing.\\nUse this same trick when you get into a car, too.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Block your body with a big purse.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"When you sit, put your bag in your lap to prevent any wayward glances.\", \"描述\": \"A large handbag or purse can give you a lot of extra coverage if your skirt starts to ride up. Using a big bag is also a great trick when you’re getting out of a car.\\nBackpacks and crossbody bags work, too.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Cross your legs or ankles when you sit down.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keeping your legs together will help keep your underwear from showing.\", \"描述\": \"Be sure to cross your legs carefully in order to avoid exposing your underwear. If you want to play it really safe, only cross your ankles—this will draw your legs closer together without exposing any additional skin.\\nYou can also situate your hands on your lap so that they cover any area that might be exposed while sitting.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Bend your knees to pick things up.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Bending your knees keeps you covered up as you reach toward the floor.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re wearing a short skirt, you don’t want to bend at the waist, since that can cause your skirt to ride up in the back. If you need to grab something, slowly bend with your knees to avoid any fashion mishaps.\\nThe same thing goes for tying your shoes.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Walk slowly up stairs.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Going slowly will help keep your skirt in place.\", \"描述\": \"Take stairs one at a time, and try to keep your steps as close as possible. When you're traveling in a group, hang back and start up the stairs last. This way, you can avoid any wayward glances from the people behind you.\\nIf you're on an escalator with people behind you, position yourself so that your rear is pressed against the side rail. That way, the people on the steps beneath you won’t be able to see up your skirt.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Avoid sitting on the floor or ground.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"When you sit on a chair, it’s much easier to keep yourself covered up.\", \"描述\": \"Flat floors can cause your skirt to ride up, especially as you bend down to sit. If it’s at all possible, sit in a chair or a bench instead. You might be covered while you're sitting, but lowering yourself and standing back up might put you in a revealing position, especially if you have to maneuver around high heels.\\nIf you can’t avoid sitting on the floor, try sitting with your back to a wall and bending down slowly. Once you’re on the ground, cross your legs to keep everything covered up.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Stay away from glass railings and elevators.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Fully covered railings and elevators will protect you from eyes down below.\", \"描述\": \"Many two-story malls and shopping centers use glass railings and elevators. If you are worried about an upskirt, avoid standing or walking too close to a glass railing, because people on the ground floor may be able to see up your skirt.\\nThe same thing applies to glass elevators. Try not to stand along the glass—instead, situate yourself in the middle of the elevator so that you aren’t visible from the ground.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you ever feel uncomfortable or unsafe out in public, call emergency services right away.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,279 | How to Avoid and Cure Getting Itchy after a Haircut | 1. Wear a shirt without a collar.
Avoid collars, since they tend to trap small hairs.
When you’re picking out a shirt to wear for your haircut, stick to a T-shirt or a crew neck that doesn’t have a collar. Not only will this make it easier for your stylist to cut your hair, but it won’t trap as many small hairs inside of your clothing.
If you do happen to be wearing a shirt with a collar, turn the collar inside of your shirt before your haircut. That way, it will repel hairs rather than catching them.
2. Sprinkle baby powder on your neck beforehand.
Baby powder dries out your skin so hairs don’t stick to it.
Before you leave for your haircut, sprinkle a thin layer of baby powder on the back of your neck. The dry powder will help repel hairs to keep you itch-free.
Try to avoid putting on lotion or moisturizer right before a haircut. Lotions make your skin sticky, which can make irritating hairs even more likely to stick to your skin.
3. Wear a barber’s cape over your clothing.
Barber’s capes are slippery, meaning hair slides right off.
If your barber or stylist doesn’t offer one, be sure to ask before they start cutting your hair. Your clothing and part of your neck will be protected from the small, itchy hairs that tend to accumulate during a cut.
You can also ask your stylist or barber for a neck towel for extra protection.
4. Ask for your neck to be blow-dried after your haircut.
A quick blow dry will get rid of pesky small hairs.
Once your stylist is done cutting, ask them if they can quickly blow dry the back of your neck and head. That way, you can leave the shop feeling a little less itchy than you normally would.
Some stylists might do this automatically, but if yours doesn’t, they shouldn’t mind if you ask.
5. Use a lint roller on your clothing.
Lint rollers quickly pick up small, irritating hairs.
If you can’t go home and change quite yet, take a lint roller with you to your haircut. Use it on your shirt, focusing on the areas closest to your neck and chest.
6. Rinse your skin once you get home.
Take a quick shower to wash off any small hairs.
Try to head home as soon as possible after a haircut. Once you’re home, head into the shower and rinse your neck, chest, and the back of your head to feel refreshed.
If your stylist already washed your hair, you don’t need to wash it a second time. Running water will be enough to wash off any itchy hairs.
7. Wash your clothing after your haircut.
Washers will rinse away any trapped hairs in your shirt.
When you get home, quickly take off your shirt (and undershirt if you’re wearing one) and throw them into the wash. Once they’re clean, put your clothes in the dryer to remove any last stuck-on, stubborn hairs.
8. Wash your skin with antibacterial soap.
Get rid of dirt and bacteria that could be causing itchiness.
If you’ve rinsed your skin and you’re still feeling itchy, you may have folliculitis (also called barber’s rash). Wash your neck and the back of your head with an antibacterial soap to wash away germs and remove any infection.
Folliculitis is a red, bumpy, itchy rash that usually happens right after a haircut. It’s caused by irritation or bacteria from the razor or clippers.
9. Apply a warm compress to soothe itchy, bumpy skin.
Use a warm washcloth to reduce inflammation or irritation.
Grab a washcloth and run it under warm water, then squeeze the excess out. Hold the washcloth against your irritated skin to open up your pores and calm inflammation.
Be sure to wash your washcloth every time you use it, especially if you’re dealing with barber’s rash or barber’s itch. Washing helps prevent the spread of germs and fungus so you can avoid getting itchy in other places.
10. Use a soothing lotion.
Anti-itch lotion helps soothe inflammation and irritation.
If your neck or the back of your head is feeling itchy, buy some anti-itch lotion. Spread a thin layer over your skin and let it soak in to feel almost instantaneous relief.
Calamine lotion is a great choice, especially if you have sensitive skin.
Aloe vera gel is also a good option, especially if you have razor burn.
11. Try a dandruff shampoo for eczema.
Eczema is sometimes exacerbated by getting a haircut.
If you have a history of eczema, you may be experiencing burning, itchiness, or a rash after a haircut. Try washing your hair with a dandruff shampoo to soothe your skin and get rid of the irritation.
Eczema can range in severity. If you have eczema, talk to your doctor about your treatment options.
12. Use salicylic acid shampoo for acne.
Red, pus-filled bumps may be acne caused by clogged pores from shaving.
If you’re prone to acne or have oily skin, try using a shampoo that contains salicylic acid. This ingredient will help dry out the pimples and help them heal faster to reduce itchiness and irritation.
13. Treat barber’s itch with a prescription antifungal.
Barber’s itch, or tinea barbae, is caused by a fungus.
Usually, this will happen along your beard or neck area if you got a shave along with your haircut. You might notice itchy red bumps that swell or develop pus over a couple of days. If that’s the case, make an appointment with your doctor to get a prescription antifungal cream.
Barber’s itch is often caused by fungus trapped within your barber’s shears or razors.
14. Talk to your doctor if home remedies don’t work.
Some skin issues need to be treated by a doctor.
If you’ve tried home remedies but your skin still feels bumpy or itchy, make an appointment with a dermatologist. They can tell you what’s going on with your skin and prescribe you medicine to treat it.
Folliculitis and fungus often go away on their own within a few days or weeks. However, your doctor may prescribe you a prescription cream to help clear up your skin condition.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:40",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Wear a shirt without a collar.\\nAvoid collars, since they tend to trap small hairs.\\nWhen you’re picking out a shirt to wear for your haircut, stick to a T-shirt or a crew neck that doesn’t have a collar. Not only will this make it easier for your stylist to cut your hair, but it won’t trap as many small hairs inside of your clothing.\\nIf you do happen to be wearing a shirt with a collar, turn the collar inside of your shirt before your haircut. That way, it will repel hairs rather than catching them.\\n2. Sprinkle baby powder on your neck beforehand.\\nBaby powder dries out your skin so hairs don’t stick to it.\\nBefore you leave for your haircut, sprinkle a thin layer of baby powder on the back of your neck. The dry powder will help repel hairs to keep you itch-free.\\nTry to avoid putting on lotion or moisturizer right before a haircut. Lotions make your skin sticky, which can make irritating hairs even more likely to stick to your skin.\\n3. Wear a barber’s cape over your clothing.\\nBarber’s capes are slippery, meaning hair slides right off.\\nIf your barber or stylist doesn’t offer one, be sure to ask before they start cutting your hair. Your clothing and part of your neck will be protected from the small, itchy hairs that tend to accumulate during a cut.\\nYou can also ask your stylist or barber for a neck towel for extra protection.\\n4. Ask for your neck to be blow-dried after your haircut.\\nA quick blow dry will get rid of pesky small hairs.\\nOnce your stylist is done cutting, ask them if they can quickly blow dry the back of your neck and head. That way, you can leave the shop feeling a little less itchy than you normally would.\\nSome stylists might do this automatically, but if yours doesn’t, they shouldn’t mind if you ask.\\n5. Use a lint roller on your clothing.\\nLint rollers quickly pick up small, irritating hairs.\\nIf you can’t go home and change quite yet, take a lint roller with you to your haircut. Use it on your shirt, focusing on the areas closest to your neck and chest.\\n6. Rinse your skin once you get home.\\nTake a quick shower to wash off any small hairs.\\nTry to head home as soon as possible after a haircut. Once you’re home, head into the shower and rinse your neck, chest, and the back of your head to feel refreshed.\\nIf your stylist already washed your hair, you don’t need to wash it a second time. Running water will be enough to wash off any itchy hairs.\\n7. Wash your clothing after your haircut.\\nWashers will rinse away any trapped hairs in your shirt.\\nWhen you get home, quickly take off your shirt (and undershirt if you’re wearing one) and throw them into the wash. Once they’re clean, put your clothes in the dryer to remove any last stuck-on, stubborn hairs.\\n8. Wash your skin with antibacterial soap.\\nGet rid of dirt and bacteria that could be causing itchiness.\\nIf you’ve rinsed your skin and you’re still feeling itchy, you may have folliculitis (also called barber’s rash). Wash your neck and the back of your head with an antibacterial soap to wash away germs and remove any infection.\\nFolliculitis is a red, bumpy, itchy rash that usually happens right after a haircut. It’s caused by irritation or bacteria from the razor or clippers.\\n9. Apply a warm compress to soothe itchy, bumpy skin.\\nUse a warm washcloth to reduce inflammation or irritation.\\nGrab a washcloth and run it under warm water, then squeeze the excess out. Hold the washcloth against your irritated skin to open up your pores and calm inflammation.\\nBe sure to wash your washcloth every time you use it, especially if you’re dealing with barber’s rash or barber’s itch. Washing helps prevent the spread of germs and fungus so you can avoid getting itchy in other places.\\n10. Use a soothing lotion.\\nAnti-itch lotion helps soothe inflammation and irritation.\\nIf your neck or the back of your head is feeling itchy, buy some anti-itch lotion. Spread a thin layer over your skin and let it soak in to feel almost instantaneous relief.\\n\\nCalamine lotion is a great choice, especially if you have sensitive skin.\\nAloe vera gel is also a good option, especially if you have razor burn.\\n11. Try a dandruff shampoo for eczema.\\nEczema is sometimes exacerbated by getting a haircut.\\nIf you have a history of eczema, you may be experiencing burning, itchiness, or a rash after a haircut. Try washing your hair with a dandruff shampoo to soothe your skin and get rid of the irritation.\\nEczema can range in severity. If you have eczema, talk to your doctor about your treatment options.\\n12. Use salicylic acid shampoo for acne.\\nRed, pus-filled bumps may be acne caused by clogged pores from shaving.\\nIf you’re prone to acne or have oily skin, try using a shampoo that contains salicylic acid. This ingredient will help dry out the pimples and help them heal faster to reduce itchiness and irritation.\\n13. Treat barber’s itch with a prescription antifungal.\\nBarber’s itch, or tinea barbae, is caused by a fungus.\\nUsually, this will happen along your beard or neck area if you got a shave along with your haircut. You might notice itchy red bumps that swell or develop pus over a couple of days. If that’s the case, make an appointment with your doctor to get a prescription antifungal cream.\\nBarber’s itch is often caused by fungus trapped within your barber’s shears or razors.\\n14. Talk to your doctor if home remedies don’t work.\\nSome skin issues need to be treated by a doctor.\\nIf you’ve tried home remedies but your skin still feels bumpy or itchy, make an appointment with a dermatologist. They can tell you what’s going on with your skin and prescribe you medicine to treat it.\\nFolliculitis and fungus often go away on their own within a few days or weeks. However, your doctor may prescribe you a prescription cream to help clear up your skin condition.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Getting a fresh new haircut might improve your look, but dealing with itchiness and irritation afterwards isn’t fun. Itchiness might be caused by small hairs stuck to your clothes or skin, but if that itchiness doesn’t go away, it might also be caused by a rash, a fungus, or even acne. In this article, we’ll tell you exactly how to prevent itchiness due to your haircut, as well as how you can treat it afterwards (no matter what the cause is).\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wear a shirt without a collar.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid collars, since they tend to trap small hairs.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re picking out a shirt to wear for your haircut, stick to a T-shirt or a crew neck that doesn’t have a collar. Not only will this make it easier for your stylist to cut your hair, but it won’t trap as many small hairs inside of your clothing.\\nIf you do happen to be wearing a shirt with a collar, turn the collar inside of your shirt before your haircut. That way, it will repel hairs rather than catching them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sprinkle baby powder on your neck beforehand.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Baby powder dries out your skin so hairs don’t stick to it.\", \"描述\": \"Before you leave for your haircut, sprinkle a thin layer of baby powder on the back of your neck. The dry powder will help repel hairs to keep you itch-free.\\nTry to avoid putting on lotion or moisturizer right before a haircut. Lotions make your skin sticky, which can make irritating hairs even more likely to stick to your skin.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wear a barber’s cape over your clothing.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Barber’s capes are slippery, meaning hair slides right off.\", \"描述\": \"If your barber or stylist doesn’t offer one, be sure to ask before they start cutting your hair. Your clothing and part of your neck will be protected from the small, itchy hairs that tend to accumulate during a cut.\\nYou can also ask your stylist or barber for a neck towel for extra protection.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ask for your neck to be blow-dried after your haircut.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"A quick blow dry will get rid of pesky small hairs.\", \"描述\": \"Once your stylist is done cutting, ask them if they can quickly blow dry the back of your neck and head. That way, you can leave the shop feeling a little less itchy than you normally would.\\nSome stylists might do this automatically, but if yours doesn’t, they shouldn’t mind if you ask.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Use a lint roller on your clothing.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lint rollers quickly pick up small, irritating hairs.\", \"描述\": \"If you can’t go home and change quite yet, take a lint roller with you to your haircut. Use it on your shirt, focusing on the areas closest to your neck and chest.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Rinse your skin once you get home.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Take a quick shower to wash off any small hairs.\", \"描述\": \"Try to head home as soon as possible after a haircut. Once you’re home, head into the shower and rinse your neck, chest, and the back of your head to feel refreshed.\\nIf your stylist already washed your hair, you don’t need to wash it a second time. Running water will be enough to wash off any itchy hairs.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Wash your clothing after your haircut.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Washers will rinse away any trapped hairs in your shirt.\", \"描述\": \"When you get home, quickly take off your shirt (and undershirt if you’re wearing one) and throw them into the wash. Once they’re clean, put your clothes in the dryer to remove any last stuck-on, stubborn hairs.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Wash your skin with antibacterial soap.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get rid of dirt and bacteria that could be causing itchiness.\", \"描述\": \"If you’ve rinsed your skin and you’re still feeling itchy, you may have folliculitis (also called barber’s rash). Wash your neck and the back of your head with an antibacterial soap to wash away germs and remove any infection.\\nFolliculitis is a red, bumpy, itchy rash that usually happens right after a haircut. It’s caused by irritation or bacteria from the razor or clippers.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Apply a warm compress to soothe itchy, bumpy skin.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use a warm washcloth to reduce inflammation or irritation.\", \"描述\": \"Grab a washcloth and run it under warm water, then squeeze the excess out. Hold the washcloth against your irritated skin to open up your pores and calm inflammation.\\nBe sure to wash your washcloth every time you use it, especially if you’re dealing with barber’s rash or barber’s itch. Washing helps prevent the spread of germs and fungus so you can avoid getting itchy in other places.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Use a soothing lotion.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Anti-itch lotion helps soothe inflammation and irritation.\", \"描述\": \"If your neck or the back of your head is feeling itchy, buy some anti-itch lotion. Spread a thin layer over your skin and let it soak in to feel almost instantaneous relief.\\n\\nCalamine lotion is a great choice, especially if you have sensitive skin.\\nAloe vera gel is also a good option, especially if you have razor burn.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Try a dandruff shampoo for eczema.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Eczema is sometimes exacerbated by getting a haircut.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a history of eczema, you may be experiencing burning, itchiness, or a rash after a haircut. Try washing your hair with a dandruff shampoo to soothe your skin and get rid of the irritation.\\nEczema can range in severity. If you have eczema, talk to your doctor about your treatment options.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Use salicylic acid shampoo for acne.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Red, pus-filled bumps may be acne caused by clogged pores from shaving.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re prone to acne or have oily skin, try using a shampoo that contains salicylic acid. This ingredient will help dry out the pimples and help them heal faster to reduce itchiness and irritation.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 13, \"标题\": \"Treat barber’s itch with a prescription antifungal.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Barber’s itch, or tinea barbae, is caused by a fungus.\", \"描述\": \"Usually, this will happen along your beard or neck area if you got a shave along with your haircut. You might notice itchy red bumps that swell or develop pus over a couple of days. If that’s the case, make an appointment with your doctor to get a prescription antifungal cream.\\nBarber’s itch is often caused by fungus trapped within your barber’s shears or razors.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 14, \"标题\": \"Talk to your doctor if home remedies don’t work.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Some skin issues need to be treated by a doctor.\", \"描述\": \"If you’ve tried home remedies but your skin still feels bumpy or itchy, make an appointment with a dermatologist. They can tell you what’s going on with your skin and prescribe you medicine to treat it.\\nFolliculitis and fungus often go away on their own within a few days or weeks. However, your doctor may prescribe you a prescription cream to help clear up your skin condition.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,280 | 10 Reasons Your Clarinet Might Be Squeaking (and How to Fix It) | 1. Your instrument isn't put together properly.
Make sure that your clarinet is put together correctly.
Depending on the type of clarinet you play, there are usually several sections that connect together with cork tenons. You should ensure that mouthpiece, barrel, upper and lower joints, and bell fit together properly.
If you are a new player, make sure that the upper and lower joints are situated properly for your hands. The upper joint is for your left and should be on your left side, and vice versa with your right hand and your lower joint.
2. Your reed isn't moist.
A dry reed could be the culprit in your clarinet squeaking.
Your reed should be firm, but not hard as a rock. If your reed is new, it might need some extra time soaking in water to get the proper amount of moisture.
Your reed also needs to be kept at the right moisture level so it is easy to work with. Keep it in a special box that controls environmental changes.
3. Your reed is in the mouthpiece at the wrong angle.
Place your reed in the mouthpiece at a 45-degree angle.
Only a narrow opening should remain between the reed itself and the mouthpiece to make the best sound possible. Ask your instructor if you are having trouble, or if you are not sure if the angle is correct. This can be a lesson of trial and error.
4. Your clarinet has loose screws.
Even the smallest of screws can hinder your playing ability.
Some are hard to see, so do a thorough visual examination to determine any culprits.
If you do detect a loose screw, find a screwdriver that fits and screw it back in. Be very careful that you do not strip the screw. If you cannot find a properly fitting screwdriver, you may need to visit your local music store.
5. You're biting down on the mouthpiece.
Biting on the mouthpiece may lead to squeaking.
You may be clamping down too hard with your top teeth, biting into the reed with your bottom teeth, or just applying too much pressure overall, which isn’t good for your teeth or the reed. Try to loosen up a bit and relax your neck and jaw.
6. Your embouchure is bad.
Avoid putting too much or too little of your mouth on the mouthpiece.
You may not be taking in enough mouthpiece (thus not giving the reed enough room to vibrate), or you may be taking in too much. Adjust your mouth until you hear an improvement. You should also make sure your mouth is forming an airtight “pouch” around the mouthpiece.
7. Your tongue placement is poor.
Practice good tongue placement, or "tonguing."
Wrong tonguing techniques can put too much pressure on the reed and cut off the airflow unevenly for too long, which can cause squeaks. Place the top of your tongue tip at the very tip of the reed, and practice this technique to see improvements.
8. You have poor mouth form.
Make sure you are holding your mouth around the mouthpiece properly.
To see if you have a correct mouth form, finger a high G (the one sitting on the line above the staff), and then hit the G# key. You should hear a clear altissimo E note.
9. Your hand positioning is causing the issue.
Experiment with hand positioning.
Hand position can be a common issue if your fingers are small, or if you are a new player. Your fingers may not be large enough to cover the tone holes, they may not be able to support the weight of the instrument, or they might still be learning proper finger coordination.
If you are a young child working with a bulky clarinet, consider Investing in a neck strap. A neck strap can transfer the instrument's weight off of the arms and onto the neck. This can allow you to relax and focus on practicing.
10. Your fingers are too small for your instrument.
Research smaller clarinets.
If your fingers are still too thin or too short, consider purchasing a smaller clarinet. Some varieties of small clarinets include the Eb clarinet and the Kinder-Klari clarinet. Some brands also sell clarinets with plateau-style keys so that even small fingers can close them.
Tips
Remember that music is an investment. If you're having a serious issue with squeaking, it's best to get it fixed as soon as possible by a qualified musical instrument repair tech. Bad habits can be harder to break down the line, and playing on an old secondhand instrument for years can take its toll on your ability to reach your goals, too.
Don't give up! Learning any musical instrument can be difficult, but if you keep at it, anything is possible.
Purchasing an Eb clarinet does have its drawbacks. Eventually, the student will have to get used to the Bb clarinet, which plays slightly differently, and Eb clarinets are usually very expensive.
Warnings
Even if a mechanical problem with the clarinet looks "easy" to fix, don't attempt to repair it unless you know what you're doing! You could easily turn a loose screw into a need for a whole new instrument. Most music stores with a qualified repair tech on premises can analyze the problem quickly and estimate the cost to help you.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:40",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Your instrument isn't put together properly.\\nMake sure that your clarinet is put together correctly.\\nDepending on the type of clarinet you play, there are usually several sections that connect together with cork tenons. You should ensure that mouthpiece, barrel, upper and lower joints, and bell fit together properly.\\nIf you are a new player, make sure that the upper and lower joints are situated properly for your hands. The upper joint is for your left and should be on your left side, and vice versa with your right hand and your lower joint.\\n2. Your reed isn't moist.\\nA dry reed could be the culprit in your clarinet squeaking.\\nYour reed should be firm, but not hard as a rock. If your reed is new, it might need some extra time soaking in water to get the proper amount of moisture.\\nYour reed also needs to be kept at the right moisture level so it is easy to work with. Keep it in a special box that controls environmental changes.\\n3. Your reed is in the mouthpiece at the wrong angle.\\nPlace your reed in the mouthpiece at a 45-degree angle.\\nOnly a narrow opening should remain between the reed itself and the mouthpiece to make the best sound possible. Ask your instructor if you are having trouble, or if you are not sure if the angle is correct. This can be a lesson of trial and error.\\n4. Your clarinet has loose screws.\\nEven the smallest of screws can hinder your playing ability.\\nSome are hard to see, so do a thorough visual examination to determine any culprits.\\nIf you do detect a loose screw, find a screwdriver that fits and screw it back in. Be very careful that you do not strip the screw. If you cannot find a properly fitting screwdriver, you may need to visit your local music store.\\n5. You're biting down on the mouthpiece.\\nBiting on the mouthpiece may lead to squeaking.\\nYou may be clamping down too hard with your top teeth, biting into the reed with your bottom teeth, or just applying too much pressure overall, which isn’t good for your teeth or the reed. Try to loosen up a bit and relax your neck and jaw.\\n6. Your embouchure is bad.\\nAvoid putting too much or too little of your mouth on the mouthpiece.\\nYou may not be taking in enough mouthpiece (thus not giving the reed enough room to vibrate), or you may be taking in too much. Adjust your mouth until you hear an improvement. You should also make sure your mouth is forming an airtight “pouch” around the mouthpiece.\\n7. Your tongue placement is poor.\\nPractice good tongue placement, or \\\"tonguing.\\\"\\nWrong tonguing techniques can put too much pressure on the reed and cut off the airflow unevenly for too long, which can cause squeaks. Place the top of your tongue tip at the very tip of the reed, and practice this technique to see improvements.\\n8. You have poor mouth form.\\nMake sure you are holding your mouth around the mouthpiece properly.\\nTo see if you have a correct mouth form, finger a high G (the one sitting on the line above the staff), and then hit the G# key. You should hear a clear altissimo E note.\\n9. Your hand positioning is causing the issue.\\nExperiment with hand positioning.\\nHand position can be a common issue if your fingers are small, or if you are a new player. Your fingers may not be large enough to cover the tone holes, they may not be able to support the weight of the instrument, or they might still be learning proper finger coordination.\\nIf you are a young child working with a bulky clarinet, consider Investing in a neck strap. A neck strap can transfer the instrument's weight off of the arms and onto the neck. This can allow you to relax and focus on practicing.\\n10. Your fingers are too small for your instrument.\\nResearch smaller clarinets.\\nIf your fingers are still too thin or too short, consider purchasing a smaller clarinet. Some varieties of small clarinets include the Eb clarinet and the Kinder-Klari clarinet. Some brands also sell clarinets with plateau-style keys so that even small fingers can close them.\\nTips\\nRemember that music is an investment. If you're having a serious issue with squeaking, it's best to get it fixed as soon as possible by a qualified musical instrument repair tech. Bad habits can be harder to break down the line, and playing on an old secondhand instrument for years can take its toll on your ability to reach your goals, too.\\nDon't give up! Learning any musical instrument can be difficult, but if you keep at it, anything is possible.\\nPurchasing an Eb clarinet does have its drawbacks. Eventually, the student will have to get used to the Bb clarinet, which plays slightly differently, and Eb clarinets are usually very expensive.\\nWarnings\\nEven if a mechanical problem with the clarinet looks \\\"easy\\\" to fix, don't attempt to repair it unless you know what you're doing! You could easily turn a loose screw into a need for a whole new instrument. Most music stores with a qualified repair tech on premises can analyze the problem quickly and estimate the cost to help you.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"While the clarinet is a beautiful and wonderful instrument, it will inevitably \\\"squeak\\\" from time to time. However, if you've been squeaking more than \\\"occasionally,\\\" you may have a problem—but we're here to help you get to the bottom of things. We'll walk you through some of the most common reasons your clarinet might be acting up, and most importantly, how you can troubleshoot your instrument.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Your instrument isn't put together properly.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure that your clarinet is put together correctly.\", \"描述\": \"Depending on the type of clarinet you play, there are usually several sections that connect together with cork tenons. You should ensure that mouthpiece, barrel, upper and lower joints, and bell fit together properly.\\nIf you are a new player, make sure that the upper and lower joints are situated properly for your hands. The upper joint is for your left and should be on your left side, and vice versa with your right hand and your lower joint.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Your reed isn't moist.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"A dry reed could be the culprit in your clarinet squeaking.\", \"描述\": \"Your reed should be firm, but not hard as a rock. If your reed is new, it might need some extra time soaking in water to get the proper amount of moisture.\\nYour reed also needs to be kept at the right moisture level so it is easy to work with. Keep it in a special box that controls environmental changes.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Your reed is in the mouthpiece at the wrong angle.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Place your reed in the mouthpiece at a 45-degree angle.\", \"描述\": \"Only a narrow opening should remain between the reed itself and the mouthpiece to make the best sound possible. Ask your instructor if you are having trouble, or if you are not sure if the angle is correct. This can be a lesson of trial and error.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Your clarinet has loose screws.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Even the smallest of screws can hinder your playing ability.\", \"描述\": \"Some are hard to see, so do a thorough visual examination to determine any culprits.\\nIf you do detect a loose screw, find a screwdriver that fits and screw it back in. Be very careful that you do not strip the screw. If you cannot find a properly fitting screwdriver, you may need to visit your local music store.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"You're biting down on the mouthpiece.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Biting on the mouthpiece may lead to squeaking.\", \"描述\": \"You may be clamping down too hard with your top teeth, biting into the reed with your bottom teeth, or just applying too much pressure overall, which isn’t good for your teeth or the reed. Try to loosen up a bit and relax your neck and jaw.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Your embouchure is bad.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid putting too much or too little of your mouth on the mouthpiece.\", \"描述\": \"You may not be taking in enough mouthpiece (thus not giving the reed enough room to vibrate), or you may be taking in too much. Adjust your mouth until you hear an improvement. You should also make sure your mouth is forming an airtight “pouch” around the mouthpiece.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Your tongue placement is poor.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Practice good tongue placement, or \\\"tonguing.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"Wrong tonguing techniques can put too much pressure on the reed and cut off the airflow unevenly for too long, which can cause squeaks. Place the top of your tongue tip at the very tip of the reed, and practice this technique to see improvements.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"You have poor mouth form.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure you are holding your mouth around the mouthpiece properly.\", \"描述\": \"To see if you have a correct mouth form, finger a high G (the one sitting on the line above the staff), and then hit the G# key. You should hear a clear altissimo E note.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Your hand positioning is causing the issue.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Experiment with hand positioning.\", \"描述\": \"Hand position can be a common issue if your fingers are small, or if you are a new player. Your fingers may not be large enough to cover the tone holes, they may not be able to support the weight of the instrument, or they might still be learning proper finger coordination.\\nIf you are a young child working with a bulky clarinet, consider Investing in a neck strap. A neck strap can transfer the instrument's weight off of the arms and onto the neck. This can allow you to relax and focus on practicing.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Your fingers are too small for your instrument.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Research smaller clarinets.\", \"描述\": \"If your fingers are still too thin or too short, consider purchasing a smaller clarinet. Some varieties of small clarinets include the Eb clarinet and the Kinder-Klari clarinet. Some brands also sell clarinets with plateau-style keys so that even small fingers can close them.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Remember that music is an investment. If you're having a serious issue with squeaking, it's best to get it fixed as soon as possible by a qualified musical instrument repair tech. Bad habits can be harder to break down the line, and playing on an old secondhand instrument for years can take its toll on your ability to reach your goals, too.\\n\", \"Don't give up! Learning any musical instrument can be difficult, but if you keep at it, anything is possible.\\n\", \"Purchasing an Eb clarinet does have its drawbacks. Eventually, the student will have to get used to the Bb clarinet, which plays slightly differently, and Eb clarinets are usually very expensive.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Even if a mechanical problem with the clarinet looks \\\"easy\\\" to fix, don't attempt to repair it unless you know what you're doing! You could easily turn a loose screw into a need for a whole new instrument. Most music stores with a qualified repair tech on premises can analyze the problem quickly and estimate the cost to help you.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,281 | How to Avoid and Survive Controversial Topics | 1. Avoiding Potential Arguments
1-1. Avoid giving an opinion on something you know is controversial.
Even if you think the person will agree with you, putting in your two cents can lead to a debate. If the person mentions something like religion, it is fine to state what your beliefs are but not saying why: "I am ____" or why "It is good/bad to be ____."
1-2. Give brief responses.
If you know a certain response will lead to the other person bringing up a certain topic, keep it short. This will deter most people from making any more comments that could lead to the topic. If someone's comments seem to be trying to goad you into a certain reaction, say "mhm" or "okay" or nod. That way you can hopefully make the other person uninterested in talking about it further.
1-3. Keep conversations short and simple.
Pets, children, the weather, anything of the sort should work. Talk about normal, everyday occurrences. Ask the person about their life too, so you won't be stuck scrambling for ordinary topics to talk about. Stick to agreeable and not insulting items (puppies are cute, rain is cold). Think "coffee-break talk" that will not get too wound up at a job or between events.
1-4. Avoid people who are inflammatory.
If you really don't want to deal with the guys that want to ask you about your personal beliefs all the time, try avoiding them. Be friendly and say hello, but you don't have to force them/yourself to talk. If you see someone coming after you to start an argument, focus on something like work or leave to go to the bathroom. Send a message that you are busy and would like to focus.
If the person is a relative or someone you can't avoid, make sure to keep conversations short and talk about mundane things. Talking about the weather is acceptable.
2. Surviving an Argument
2-1. Stay neutral.
Even if you really disagree with someone, arguing can encourage them to keep talking. So, keep responses to one or two words, or nod your head once in a while. If the other person sees that you are not taking a side, they will drop the subject if there is nothing to argue about.
Either disagreeing or agreeing can be inflammatory, so staying neutral is a good way to not fan the flames.
2-2. Be calm.
When the other person is making you scream internally, keep a calm exterior. Don't be defensive or angry. Some people want a reaction out of you or are looking for enemies. Keep a straight face (poker face, anyone?) and be the person that can't be bothered.
2-3. Look disinterested.
If someone's not listening to your conversation, you tend to stop talking. Do some important work, or look around, past the speaker. You don't want to seem rude, but you want to silently say, "I'm not really into this". If you can, adopt a glazed, far-away look. If you have to say something, say it in a bored, neutral tone. Be as boring (but not rude) as possible.
If someone started arguing when you were working, even better. Don't look up and keep working, making sure to focus on the work and not them. Appear busy.
2-4. Rush them.
Say you have to go somewhere or to the bathroom (avoid going to the bathroom too often). Make it generic but plausible ("That reminds me, I have to call ____ soon. They will be worried if I don't"). Pretend to "remember" something like the fact you might have left your keys in the car. Tell them it's not a big deal, but act like it is and that it's urgent. Hopefully they will finish up their argument quickly and leave you alone (even if you said you're only going away for a few minutes).
2-5. Dodge questions and answers.
Shrug if someone asks you something, or say "I prefer not to say". If they push you into answering, stay firm and calm on the fact that you don't want to answer. If they ask about your opinion on an opinion, say, "Everyone's different" or "That's nice..." in a bored voice. Don't straight-up answer the question.
2-6. End the topic by leading to something else.
If someone mentions an unrelated topic briefly, re-introduce that innocent topic to lead the way out of the argument. Connect to something else that is easier to talk about.
For example, if they say, "Animals have no souls", then you can say "Animals, huh? They are cute. In fact, I have the cutest parrot named Bob. Bob loves talking! Have you ever heard a parrot talk?". Make the transition smoothly.
If they try to change the subject again, don't try to change it back. Just say, "Well, I've got to go. See you" or appear very tired/bored.
2-7. Respect other people's points of view.
So, be agreeable and accommodating in a valid way -- not too silly or off, like a dead head.
Tips
Be friendly and nice, even to people who aren't. You will appear to other people as the nice one, instead of the defensive/weak one.
If you have kids around, use it as an excuse. "Oh, can we talk about this later? Mark needs a nap" or "I prefer not to talk about this in front of kids".
Use "I" statements. "When you say ____, I feel uncomfortable." -- instead of involving the other person.
Warnings
If it is really escalating, get out of the conversation! Don't force yourself to stay. Inform them you are uncomfortable.
Swearing or telling people off will not help and will usually cause an argument.
Insulting the other side of the argument is bad. You don't want to sink down to their level.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:40",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Avoiding Potential Arguments\\n1-1. Avoid giving an opinion on something you know is controversial.\\nEven if you think the person will agree with you, putting in your two cents can lead to a debate. If the person mentions something like religion, it is fine to state what your beliefs are but not saying why: \\\"I am ____\\\" or why \\\"It is good/bad to be ____.\\\"\\n1-2. Give brief responses.\\nIf you know a certain response will lead to the other person bringing up a certain topic, keep it short. This will deter most people from making any more comments that could lead to the topic. If someone's comments seem to be trying to goad you into a certain reaction, say \\\"mhm\\\" or \\\"okay\\\" or nod. That way you can hopefully make the other person uninterested in talking about it further.\\n1-3. Keep conversations short and simple.\\nPets, children, the weather, anything of the sort should work. Talk about normal, everyday occurrences. Ask the person about their life too, so you won't be stuck scrambling for ordinary topics to talk about. Stick to agreeable and not insulting items (puppies are cute, rain is cold). Think \\\"coffee-break talk\\\" that will not get too wound up at a job or between events.\\n1-4. Avoid people who are inflammatory.\\nIf you really don't want to deal with the guys that want to ask you about your personal beliefs all the time, try avoiding them. Be friendly and say hello, but you don't have to force them/yourself to talk. If you see someone coming after you to start an argument, focus on something like work or leave to go to the bathroom. Send a message that you are busy and would like to focus.\\nIf the person is a relative or someone you can't avoid, make sure to keep conversations short and talk about mundane things. Talking about the weather is acceptable.\\n2. Surviving an Argument\\n2-1. Stay neutral.\\nEven if you really disagree with someone, arguing can encourage them to keep talking. So, keep responses to one or two words, or nod your head once in a while. If the other person sees that you are not taking a side, they will drop the subject if there is nothing to argue about.\\nEither disagreeing or agreeing can be inflammatory, so staying neutral is a good way to not fan the flames.\\n2-2. Be calm.\\nWhen the other person is making you scream internally, keep a calm exterior. Don't be defensive or angry. Some people want a reaction out of you or are looking for enemies. Keep a straight face (poker face, anyone?) and be the person that can't be bothered.\\n2-3. Look disinterested.\\nIf someone's not listening to your conversation, you tend to stop talking. Do some important work, or look around, past the speaker. You don't want to seem rude, but you want to silently say, \\\"I'm not really into this\\\". If you can, adopt a glazed, far-away look. If you have to say something, say it in a bored, neutral tone. Be as boring (but not rude) as possible.\\nIf someone started arguing when you were working, even better. Don't look up and keep working, making sure to focus on the work and not them. Appear busy.\\n2-4. Rush them.\\nSay you have to go somewhere or to the bathroom (avoid going to the bathroom too often). Make it generic but plausible (\\\"That reminds me, I have to call ____ soon. They will be worried if I don't\\\"). Pretend to \\\"remember\\\" something like the fact you might have left your keys in the car. Tell them it's not a big deal, but act like it is and that it's urgent. Hopefully they will finish up their argument quickly and leave you alone (even if you said you're only going away for a few minutes).\\n2-5. Dodge questions and answers.\\nShrug if someone asks you something, or say \\\"I prefer not to say\\\". If they push you into answering, stay firm and calm on the fact that you don't want to answer. If they ask about your opinion on an opinion, say, \\\"Everyone's different\\\" or \\\"That's nice...\\\" in a bored voice. Don't straight-up answer the question.\\n2-6. End the topic by leading to something else.\\nIf someone mentions an unrelated topic briefly, re-introduce that innocent topic to lead the way out of the argument. Connect to something else that is easier to talk about.\\nFor example, if they say, \\\"Animals have no souls\\\", then you can say \\\"Animals, huh? They are cute. In fact, I have the cutest parrot named Bob. Bob loves talking! Have you ever heard a parrot talk?\\\". Make the transition smoothly.\\nIf they try to change the subject again, don't try to change it back. Just say, \\\"Well, I've got to go. See you\\\" or appear very tired/bored.\\n2-7. Respect other people's points of view.\\nSo, be agreeable and accommodating in a valid way -- not too silly or off, like a dead head.\\nTips\\nBe friendly and nice, even to people who aren't. You will appear to other people as the nice one, instead of the defensive/weak one.\\nIf you have kids around, use it as an excuse. \\\"Oh, can we talk about this later? Mark needs a nap\\\" or \\\"I prefer not to talk about this in front of kids\\\".\\nUse \\\"I\\\" statements. \\\"When you say ____, I feel uncomfortable.\\\" -- instead of involving the other person.\\nWarnings\\nIf it is really escalating, get out of the conversation! Don't force yourself to stay. Inform them you are uncomfortable.\\nSwearing or telling people off will not help and will usually cause an argument.\\nInsulting the other side of the argument is bad. You don't want to sink down to their level.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Whether it's religion, politics, or other opinion loaded subjects, there's always that one topic that makes you uncomfortable. People in everyday life may bring up that topic, and you might not jump-in to start another argument, but don't just want to listen, either. Here are some steps to avoid and, most importantly, survive these kinds of conversations.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Potential Arguments\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid giving an opinion on something you know is controversial.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you think the person will agree with you, putting in your two cents can lead to a debate. If the person mentions something like religion, it is fine to state what your beliefs are but not saying why: \\\"I am ____\\\" or why \\\"It is good/bad to be ____.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Give brief responses.\", \"描述\": \"If you know a certain response will lead to the other person bringing up a certain topic, keep it short. This will deter most people from making any more comments that could lead to the topic. If someone's comments seem to be trying to goad you into a certain reaction, say \\\"mhm\\\" or \\\"okay\\\" or nod. That way you can hopefully make the other person uninterested in talking about it further.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep conversations short and simple.\", \"描述\": \"Pets, children, the weather, anything of the sort should work. Talk about normal, everyday occurrences. Ask the person about their life too, so you won't be stuck scrambling for ordinary topics to talk about. Stick to agreeable and not insulting items (puppies are cute, rain is cold). Think \\\"coffee-break talk\\\" that will not get too wound up at a job or between events.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid people who are inflammatory.\", \"描述\": \"If you really don't want to deal with the guys that want to ask you about your personal beliefs all the time, try avoiding them. Be friendly and say hello, but you don't have to force them/yourself to talk. If you see someone coming after you to start an argument, focus on something like work or leave to go to the bathroom. Send a message that you are busy and would like to focus.\\nIf the person is a relative or someone you can't avoid, make sure to keep conversations short and talk about mundane things. Talking about the weather is acceptable.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Surviving an Argument\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Stay neutral.\", \"描述\": \"Even if you really disagree with someone, arguing can encourage them to keep talking. So, keep responses to one or two words, or nod your head once in a while. If the other person sees that you are not taking a side, they will drop the subject if there is nothing to argue about.\\nEither disagreeing or agreeing can be inflammatory, so staying neutral is a good way to not fan the flames.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be calm.\", \"描述\": \"When the other person is making you scream internally, keep a calm exterior. Don't be defensive or angry. Some people want a reaction out of you or are looking for enemies. Keep a straight face (poker face, anyone?) and be the person that can't be bothered.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Look disinterested.\", \"描述\": \"If someone's not listening to your conversation, you tend to stop talking. Do some important work, or look around, past the speaker. You don't want to seem rude, but you want to silently say, \\\"I'm not really into this\\\". If you can, adopt a glazed, far-away look. If you have to say something, say it in a bored, neutral tone. Be as boring (but not rude) as possible.\\nIf someone started arguing when you were working, even better. Don't look up and keep working, making sure to focus on the work and not them. Appear busy.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rush them.\", \"描述\": \"Say you have to go somewhere or to the bathroom (avoid going to the bathroom too often). Make it generic but plausible (\\\"That reminds me, I have to call ____ soon. They will be worried if I don't\\\"). Pretend to \\\"remember\\\" something like the fact you might have left your keys in the car. Tell them it's not a big deal, but act like it is and that it's urgent. Hopefully they will finish up their argument quickly and leave you alone (even if you said you're only going away for a few minutes).\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Dodge questions and answers.\", \"描述\": \"Shrug if someone asks you something, or say \\\"I prefer not to say\\\". If they push you into answering, stay firm and calm on the fact that you don't want to answer. If they ask about your opinion on an opinion, say, \\\"Everyone's different\\\" or \\\"That's nice...\\\" in a bored voice. Don't straight-up answer the question.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"End the topic by leading to something else.\", \"描述\": \"If someone mentions an unrelated topic briefly, re-introduce that innocent topic to lead the way out of the argument. Connect to something else that is easier to talk about.\\nFor example, if they say, \\\"Animals have no souls\\\", then you can say \\\"Animals, huh? They are cute. In fact, I have the cutest parrot named Bob. Bob loves talking! Have you ever heard a parrot talk?\\\". Make the transition smoothly.\\nIf they try to change the subject again, don't try to change it back. Just say, \\\"Well, I've got to go. See you\\\" or appear very tired/bored.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Respect other people's points of view.\", \"描述\": \"So, be agreeable and accommodating in a valid way -- not too silly or off, like a dead head.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be friendly and nice, even to people who aren't. You will appear to other people as the nice one, instead of the defensive/weak one.\\n\", \"If you have kids around, use it as an excuse. \\\"Oh, can we talk about this later? Mark needs a nap\\\" or \\\"I prefer not to talk about this in front of kids\\\".\\n\", \"Use \\\"I\\\" statements. \\\"When you say ____, I feel uncomfortable.\\\" -- instead of involving the other person.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If it is really escalating, get out of the conversation! Don't force yourself to stay. Inform them you are uncomfortable.\\n\", \"Swearing or telling people off will not help and will usually cause an argument.\\n\", \"Insulting the other side of the argument is bad. You don't want to sink down to their level.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,282 | How to Avoid iPhone or iPad Nausea | 1. Using The Reduce Motion Feature
1-1. Open Settings.
1-2. Select the General tab.
1-3. Select Accessibility.
1-4. Click the Reduce Motion tab.
1-5. Turn on the switch.
2. Visual Methods
2-1. Look away from the screen when the icon animation is running (when you press the 'home' button).
Lower resolution devices such as the Android systems do not cause nausea (or are less likely to cause).
You might have vision problems but it is unlikely if you get nausea with the same animations or in a large screen (computer or iPad) seen from a reasonable distance.
2-2. Look away, or look at a corner of the device when scrolling email and the like.
Do you get nausea from 3D movies? A few people do. Even people who do not get nausea from 3D movies might get nausea from the apple high resolution screens + animations. The problem is that the apple icons are unrealistically sharp giving the impression of being 'floating' by the glass. Nothing in real life looks that sharp. The headache might be the result of the brain subconsciously trying to understand what is the physical reality of those icons. Decreasing the brightness might reduce the discomfort because it makes the icons and text to seem less realistic. Installing a protecting film that reduces the sharpness of the screen also makes the images on the screen less 'paradoxical' to the brain.
2-3. Know why you are uncomfortable.
Nausea might come from the fact that your brain thinks the images on the screen comes from real objects (3-dimensional). The images are so sharp that deceives the brain of some people into thinking it is a real object. However, when the eyes try to focus to see the moving images in different planes, the light is coming from the same plane (screen). The eyes keep refocusing trying to predict the movement of the objects on the screen and this inconsistency cause the discomfort. Please try looking to the screen with one eye to see if the discomfort decreases (hard to tell because it is so subtle). In any case, if this is the problem, it is solved by looking at the screen at arms length. At arm's length the discrepancy between the images seen by each eye for a 3D object is much less and closes to the 'no difference' observed in the apple flat screen.
2-4. Let your eyes and brain live with the paradox until they get use to it.
For some people it means days; for others it might mean weeks or more.
2-5. If you use a device with contrast control, decrease the contrast of the display and the experience will be more pleasant; unfortunately the iPhone has no such an option.
2-6. Try to use the apple device when facing a wall or other neutral, low information content image.
For some people the eyes still see what is going on around when looking at the small screen. The less information outside of the screen, the less strain to the brain.
2-7. Avoid using the device when walking.
This tip is equivalent to the previous one.
2-8. Change the color of the 'home screen' to all white or all black, according to what works best to you.
Black seems to work better on the home screen because it masks the 'shadowing' effect of the icons, decreasing the 3D illusion. This trick does not help for all the other screens (safari, settings, email, etc.).
Tips
Please improve this article and report your experience in the comments. This is a topic that is not well understood in the broad internet.
The nausea is not caused by electromagnetic interference as claimed by some. To prove it use the phone in the airport mode. Or use a different smartphone with lower resolution screen or glossy screen.
Warnings
At least one car accident or near miss has been reported due to the nausea caused by iPhone and iPad devices. Please be careful.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:40",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Using The Reduce Motion Feature\\n1-1. Open Settings.\\n\\n1-2. Select the General tab.\\n\\n1-3. Select Accessibility.\\n\\n1-4. Click the Reduce Motion tab.\\n\\n1-5. Turn on the switch.\\n\\n2. Visual Methods\\n2-1. Look away from the screen when the icon animation is running (when you press the 'home' button).\\nLower resolution devices such as the Android systems do not cause nausea (or are less likely to cause). \\nYou might have vision problems but it is unlikely if you get nausea with the same animations or in a large screen (computer or iPad) seen from a reasonable distance.\\n2-2. Look away, or look at a corner of the device when scrolling email and the like.\\nDo you get nausea from 3D movies? A few people do. Even people who do not get nausea from 3D movies might get nausea from the apple high resolution screens + animations. The problem is that the apple icons are unrealistically sharp giving the impression of being 'floating' by the glass. Nothing in real life looks that sharp. The headache might be the result of the brain subconsciously trying to understand what is the physical reality of those icons. Decreasing the brightness might reduce the discomfort because it makes the icons and text to seem less realistic. Installing a protecting film that reduces the sharpness of the screen also makes the images on the screen less 'paradoxical' to the brain.\\n2-3. Know why you are uncomfortable.\\nNausea might come from the fact that your brain thinks the images on the screen comes from real objects (3-dimensional). The images are so sharp that deceives the brain of some people into thinking it is a real object. However, when the eyes try to focus to see the moving images in different planes, the light is coming from the same plane (screen). The eyes keep refocusing trying to predict the movement of the objects on the screen and this inconsistency cause the discomfort. Please try looking to the screen with one eye to see if the discomfort decreases (hard to tell because it is so subtle). In any case, if this is the problem, it is solved by looking at the screen at arms length. At arm's length the discrepancy between the images seen by each eye for a 3D object is much less and closes to the 'no difference' observed in the apple flat screen.\\n2-4. Let your eyes and brain live with the paradox until they get use to it.\\nFor some people it means days; for others it might mean weeks or more.\\n2-5. If you use a device with contrast control, decrease the contrast of the display and the experience will be more pleasant; unfortunately the iPhone has no such an option.\\n\\n2-6. Try to use the apple device when facing a wall or other neutral, low information content image.\\nFor some people the eyes still see what is going on around when looking at the small screen. The less information outside of the screen, the less strain to the brain.\\n2-7. Avoid using the device when walking.\\nThis tip is equivalent to the previous one.\\n2-8. Change the color of the 'home screen' to all white or all black, according to what works best to you.\\nBlack seems to work better on the home screen because it masks the 'shadowing' effect of the icons, decreasing the 3D illusion. This trick does not help for all the other screens (safari, settings, email, etc.).\\nTips\\nPlease improve this article and report your experience in the comments. This is a topic that is not well understood in the broad internet.\\nThe nausea is not caused by electromagnetic interference as claimed by some. To prove it use the phone in the airport mode. Or use a different smartphone with lower resolution screen or glossy screen.\\nWarnings\\nAt least one car accident or near miss has been reported due to the nausea caused by iPhone and iPad devices. Please be careful.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"iPhones and iPads have very high resolution displays that are well known to cause headache or slight nausea to a sizable fraction of their users. Some have reported nausea after few seconds of use; others have no problems even after hours of use. People who have no issues with nausea in other contexts (such as boats, moving vehicles, android systems and computer screens) might suffer with the new apple devices screens. What is the root cause of the problem and how to prevent? What distinguishes a person who might be affected from a person who might not be affected?\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Using The Reduce Motion Feature\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Settings.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Select the General tab.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Select Accessibility.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Click the Reduce Motion tab.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Turn on the switch.\", \"描述\": \"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Visual Methods\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look away from the screen when the icon animation is running (when you press the 'home' button).\", \"描述\": \"Lower resolution devices such as the Android systems do not cause nausea (or are less likely to cause). \\nYou might have vision problems but it is unlikely if you get nausea with the same animations or in a large screen (computer or iPad) seen from a reasonable distance.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look away, or look at a corner of the device when scrolling email and the like.\", \"描述\": \"Do you get nausea from 3D movies? A few people do. Even people who do not get nausea from 3D movies might get nausea from the apple high resolution screens + animations. The problem is that the apple icons are unrealistically sharp giving the impression of being 'floating' by the glass. Nothing in real life looks that sharp. The headache might be the result of the brain subconsciously trying to understand what is the physical reality of those icons. Decreasing the brightness might reduce the discomfort because it makes the icons and text to seem less realistic. Installing a protecting film that reduces the sharpness of the screen also makes the images on the screen less 'paradoxical' to the brain.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know why you are uncomfortable.\", \"描述\": \"Nausea might come from the fact that your brain thinks the images on the screen comes from real objects (3-dimensional). The images are so sharp that deceives the brain of some people into thinking it is a real object. However, when the eyes try to focus to see the moving images in different planes, the light is coming from the same plane (screen). The eyes keep refocusing trying to predict the movement of the objects on the screen and this inconsistency cause the discomfort. Please try looking to the screen with one eye to see if the discomfort decreases (hard to tell because it is so subtle). In any case, if this is the problem, it is solved by looking at the screen at arms length. At arm's length the discrepancy between the images seen by each eye for a 3D object is much less and closes to the 'no difference' observed in the apple flat screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Let your eyes and brain live with the paradox until they get use to it.\", \"描述\": \"For some people it means days; for others it might mean weeks or more.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"If you use a device with contrast control, decrease the contrast of the display and the experience will be more pleasant; unfortunately the iPhone has no such an option.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Try to use the apple device when facing a wall or other neutral, low information content image.\", \"描述\": \"For some people the eyes still see what is going on around when looking at the small screen. The less information outside of the screen, the less strain to the brain.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Avoid using the device when walking.\", \"描述\": \"This tip is equivalent to the previous one.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Change the color of the 'home screen' to all white or all black, according to what works best to you.\", \"描述\": \"Black seems to work better on the home screen because it masks the 'shadowing' effect of the icons, decreasing the 3D illusion. This trick does not help for all the other screens (safari, settings, email, etc.).\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Please improve this article and report your experience in the comments. This is a topic that is not well understood in the broad internet.\\n\", \"The nausea is not caused by electromagnetic interference as claimed by some. To prove it use the phone in the airport mode. Or use a different smartphone with lower resolution screen or glossy screen.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"At least one car accident or near miss has been reported due to the nausea caused by iPhone and iPad devices. Please be careful.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,283 | How to Avoid or Escape a Bull | 1. Preventing an Attack
1-1. Bring a heavy stick or pipe in case you have to defend yourself.
If you absolutely have to go in the same corral with a bull, hold a weapon in your hand to defend yourself with or make the bull think twice about attacking you.
Good options include a walking stick, a heavy branch that won't break on impact, an axe handle, a 1–2 feet (30–61 cm) long metal pipe, or a baseball bat.
1-2. Look around for cattle before entering a pasture.
If you see a bull in a pasture or field, avoid going on his side of the fence whenever possible. This is the safest way to walk past a bull, even if it means having to walk the long way around to get to your destination. If you have to enter the pasture, take note of the bull's location.
Even a bull without horns can be dangerous—as can a cow, for that matter.
1-3. Watch for signs of aggression.
If you must go through the field, examine the bull first to check for danger signs. A bull that sees you as a threat has many ways to signal its intentions and warn you to keep away:
Pawing the dirt or rubbing himself in it
Bellowing or growling (it sounds something like "rrrrrumph rrrrummph")
Tossing his head
Glaring at you or following your movement with his eyes
Lowering his head so his forehead points toward you
Raising his tail slightly
Standing sideways to show you how big and powerful he is
1-4. Stay near fences or obstacles.
Whenever crossing an area that might contain a bull, walk next to a fence that you can climb over for a quick escape. If that's not an option, choose a route that takes you past hay bales or other obstacles that you can get behind to protect yourself from a charge.
Walk as far away from the bull as you can, and not through the center of a herd.
1-5. Walk calmly through the area.
Since cattle can't judge distances well unless you're directly in front of them, walking too quickly into their field of vision can spook them. If the bull is facing away from you, walk slowly to avoid startling it. Once you're in its field of vision (anywhere not directly behind it), walk at a normal pace, but do not run or make any sudden movements, since these can encourage the bull to charge.
If the bull starts to watch you and make warning signs, turn so your side faces the bull and walk diagonally away. This makes you look smaller and less threatening.
1-6. Stay aware of the bull without making eye contact.
Always stay aware of the bull's movements and never turn your back on him. That said, do not make eye contact, as the bull may interpret this as aggression.
2. Escaping a Bull
2-1. Back away to the exit if the bull makes warning signs or approaches.
If the bull shows any signs of aggression, back away calmly to the nearest gate, climbable fence, or cattle guard (also called a "cow grid" or "Texas gate"). The bull is assessing you as a threat, and running can cause it to charge. Do the same if the bull seems calm but starts to walk toward you. Bulls that sneak up behind you can be even more dangerous than the ones that give you obvious warnings.
Walk backward or diagonally away from the bull without turning your back on him or making eye contact.
2-2. Dodge a charge to the side, then run past the bull.
If you are charged and can't get to safety in time, run to the side to get out of its path. As the bull passes you, change direction and run past the bull so it has to turn fully around. As you run to safety, zig-zag to slow the bull's momentum.
2-3. Throw your backpack or shirt as you run to distract the bull.
Be aware though, that a bull is much faster than you in both speed and reaction time, and often you won't have enough time to take your shirt off and throw it at the bull.
2-4. Yell and hit the bull's face with your weapon if it corners you.
If a bull has backed you into a corner without an escape route, face the bull and yell as loud as you can. Hit the bull hard across the face or muzzle with your weapon. Keep striking and yelling until it backs off.
A hard hit to the muzzle or nose is often enough to make the bull stop chasing after you.
This may sound cruel, but many farmers and ranchers do this when they have to deal with a dangerous bull. It's unlikely to cause much actual harm.
If the bull is charging you, your first priority should be getting out of its path. Dodge first, strike later.
Tips
If you are working with cattle and need to approach a bull, make sure the animal knows you're nearby by speaking calmly in a low tone. Approach the shoulder, not from the blind spot behind the animal.[19]
X
Research source
Use your common sense and instincts when handling or walking in a pasture with a bull in it. If your gut tells you to avoid a certain area, then avoid it. Don't be a fool and go through it anyway.
To avoid getting charged at the bull, do not tease him. Doing so will guarantee you injury or worse by a bull.
Warnings
Do not stand and fight a bull because you will not win. If and when he gets you down on the ground, you are pretty much finished, no matter if he has horns or not. Hitting the bull is a last resort if you are cornered, and the goal is to convince the bull to back off, not to physically overcome it.
Polled bulls (without horns), though unable to flip you around, will still be able to crush and trample you into the earth.
High-pitched sounds like whistling can bother cattle. Stay quiet, and especially avoid sudden loud noises.[20]
X
Research source
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:41",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preventing an Attack\\n1-1. Bring a heavy stick or pipe in case you have to defend yourself.\\nIf you absolutely have to go in the same corral with a bull, hold a weapon in your hand to defend yourself with or make the bull think twice about attacking you.\\nGood options include a walking stick, a heavy branch that won't break on impact, an axe handle, a 1–2 feet (30–61 cm) long metal pipe, or a baseball bat.\\n1-2. Look around for cattle before entering a pasture.\\nIf you see a bull in a pasture or field, avoid going on his side of the fence whenever possible. This is the safest way to walk past a bull, even if it means having to walk the long way around to get to your destination. If you have to enter the pasture, take note of the bull's location.\\nEven a bull without horns can be dangerous—as can a cow, for that matter.\\n1-3. Watch for signs of aggression.\\nIf you must go through the field, examine the bull first to check for danger signs. A bull that sees you as a threat has many ways to signal its intentions and warn you to keep away:\\nPawing the dirt or rubbing himself in it\\nBellowing or growling (it sounds something like \\\"rrrrrumph rrrrummph\\\")\\nTossing his head\\nGlaring at you or following your movement with his eyes\\nLowering his head so his forehead points toward you\\nRaising his tail slightly\\nStanding sideways to show you how big and powerful he is\\n1-4. Stay near fences or obstacles.\\nWhenever crossing an area that might contain a bull, walk next to a fence that you can climb over for a quick escape. If that's not an option, choose a route that takes you past hay bales or other obstacles that you can get behind to protect yourself from a charge.\\nWalk as far away from the bull as you can, and not through the center of a herd.\\n1-5. Walk calmly through the area.\\nSince cattle can't judge distances well unless you're directly in front of them, walking too quickly into their field of vision can spook them. If the bull is facing away from you, walk slowly to avoid startling it. Once you're in its field of vision (anywhere not directly behind it), walk at a normal pace, but do not run or make any sudden movements, since these can encourage the bull to charge.\\nIf the bull starts to watch you and make warning signs, turn so your side faces the bull and walk diagonally away. This makes you look smaller and less threatening.\\n1-6. Stay aware of the bull without making eye contact.\\nAlways stay aware of the bull's movements and never turn your back on him. That said, do not make eye contact, as the bull may interpret this as aggression.\\n2. Escaping a Bull\\n2-1. Back away to the exit if the bull makes warning signs or approaches.\\nIf the bull shows any signs of aggression, back away calmly to the nearest gate, climbable fence, or cattle guard (also called a \\\"cow grid\\\" or \\\"Texas gate\\\"). The bull is assessing you as a threat, and running can cause it to charge. Do the same if the bull seems calm but starts to walk toward you. Bulls that sneak up behind you can be even more dangerous than the ones that give you obvious warnings.\\nWalk backward or diagonally away from the bull without turning your back on him or making eye contact.\\n2-2. Dodge a charge to the side, then run past the bull.\\nIf you are charged and can't get to safety in time, run to the side to get out of its path. As the bull passes you, change direction and run past the bull so it has to turn fully around. As you run to safety, zig-zag to slow the bull's momentum.\\n2-3. Throw your backpack or shirt as you run to distract the bull.\\nBe aware though, that a bull is much faster than you in both speed and reaction time, and often you won't have enough time to take your shirt off and throw it at the bull.\\n2-4. Yell and hit the bull's face with your weapon if it corners you.\\nIf a bull has backed you into a corner without an escape route, face the bull and yell as loud as you can. Hit the bull hard across the face or muzzle with your weapon. Keep striking and yelling until it backs off.\\nA hard hit to the muzzle or nose is often enough to make the bull stop chasing after you.\\nThis may sound cruel, but many farmers and ranchers do this when they have to deal with a dangerous bull. It's unlikely to cause much actual harm.\\nIf the bull is charging you, your first priority should be getting out of its path. Dodge first, strike later.\\nTips\\nIf you are working with cattle and need to approach a bull, make sure the animal knows you're nearby by speaking calmly in a low tone. Approach the shoulder, not from the blind spot behind the animal.[19]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nUse your common sense and instincts when handling or walking in a pasture with a bull in it. If your gut tells you to avoid a certain area, then avoid it. Don't be a fool and go through it anyway.\\nTo avoid getting charged at the bull, do not tease him. Doing so will guarantee you injury or worse by a bull.\\nWarnings\\nDo not stand and fight a bull because you will not win. If and when he gets you down on the ground, you are pretty much finished, no matter if he has horns or not. Hitting the bull is a last resort if you are cornered, and the goal is to convince the bull to back off, not to physically overcome it.\\nPolled bulls (without horns), though unable to flip you around, will still be able to crush and trample you into the earth.\\nHigh-pitched sounds like whistling can bother cattle. Stay quiet, and especially avoid sudden loud noises.[20]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Bulls are very dangerous animals. They are one of the most dangerous types of livestock to own, let alone be around. They are not slow or dumb, nor are they clumsy or stupid. A bull can, from a stand-still, turn on a dime faster than you can react. It can easily outrun you, and if you ever fall or it hits you, it will gore or crush you until you are no longer moving. \\n\\nThe ability to escape or avoid a threatening bull is important if you live on a farm or ranch with bulls, or have to walk through a field or pasture that contains bulls. Knowledge on how to avoid or escape a dangerous bull is paramount to your safety and survival.\\n\\nNote: Bulls aren't the only type of bovine that can seriously hurt or kill you. Cows are just as likely to be dangerous as bulls, especially if they are protecting a young calf.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preventing an Attack\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Bring a heavy stick or pipe in case you have to defend yourself.\", \"描述\": \"If you absolutely have to go in the same corral with a bull, hold a weapon in your hand to defend yourself with or make the bull think twice about attacking you.\\nGood options include a walking stick, a heavy branch that won't break on impact, an axe handle, a 1–2 feet (30–61 cm) long metal pipe, or a baseball bat.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Look around for cattle before entering a pasture.\", \"描述\": \"If you see a bull in a pasture or field, avoid going on his side of the fence whenever possible. This is the safest way to walk past a bull, even if it means having to walk the long way around to get to your destination. If you have to enter the pasture, take note of the bull's location.\\nEven a bull without horns can be dangerous—as can a cow, for that matter.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Watch for signs of aggression.\", \"描述\": \"If you must go through the field, examine the bull first to check for danger signs. A bull that sees you as a threat has many ways to signal its intentions and warn you to keep away:\\nPawing the dirt or rubbing himself in it\\nBellowing or growling (it sounds something like \\\"rrrrrumph rrrrummph\\\")\\nTossing his head\\nGlaring at you or following your movement with his eyes\\nLowering his head so his forehead points toward you\\nRaising his tail slightly\\nStanding sideways to show you how big and powerful he is\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Stay near fences or obstacles.\", \"描述\": \"Whenever crossing an area that might contain a bull, walk next to a fence that you can climb over for a quick escape. If that's not an option, choose a route that takes you past hay bales or other obstacles that you can get behind to protect yourself from a charge.\\nWalk as far away from the bull as you can, and not through the center of a herd.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Walk calmly through the area.\", \"描述\": \"Since cattle can't judge distances well unless you're directly in front of them, walking too quickly into their field of vision can spook them. If the bull is facing away from you, walk slowly to avoid startling it. Once you're in its field of vision (anywhere not directly behind it), walk at a normal pace, but do not run or make any sudden movements, since these can encourage the bull to charge.\\nIf the bull starts to watch you and make warning signs, turn so your side faces the bull and walk diagonally away. This makes you look smaller and less threatening.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Stay aware of the bull without making eye contact.\", \"描述\": \"Always stay aware of the bull's movements and never turn your back on him. That said, do not make eye contact, as the bull may interpret this as aggression.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Escaping a Bull\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Back away to the exit if the bull makes warning signs or approaches.\", \"描述\": \"If the bull shows any signs of aggression, back away calmly to the nearest gate, climbable fence, or cattle guard (also called a \\\"cow grid\\\" or \\\"Texas gate\\\"). The bull is assessing you as a threat, and running can cause it to charge. Do the same if the bull seems calm but starts to walk toward you. Bulls that sneak up behind you can be even more dangerous than the ones that give you obvious warnings.\\nWalk backward or diagonally away from the bull without turning your back on him or making eye contact.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Dodge a charge to the side, then run past the bull.\", \"描述\": \"If you are charged and can't get to safety in time, run to the side to get out of its path. As the bull passes you, change direction and run past the bull so it has to turn fully around. As you run to safety, zig-zag to slow the bull's momentum.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Throw your backpack or shirt as you run to distract the bull.\", \"描述\": \"Be aware though, that a bull is much faster than you in both speed and reaction time, and often you won't have enough time to take your shirt off and throw it at the bull.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Yell and hit the bull's face with your weapon if it corners you.\", \"描述\": \"If a bull has backed you into a corner without an escape route, face the bull and yell as loud as you can. Hit the bull hard across the face or muzzle with your weapon. Keep striking and yelling until it backs off.\\nA hard hit to the muzzle or nose is often enough to make the bull stop chasing after you.\\nThis may sound cruel, but many farmers and ranchers do this when they have to deal with a dangerous bull. It's unlikely to cause much actual harm.\\nIf the bull is charging you, your first priority should be getting out of its path. Dodge first, strike later.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If you are working with cattle and need to approach a bull, make sure the animal knows you're nearby by speaking calmly in a low tone. Approach the shoulder, not from the blind spot behind the animal.[19]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Use your common sense and instincts when handling or walking in a pasture with a bull in it. If your gut tells you to avoid a certain area, then avoid it. Don't be a fool and go through it anyway.\\n\", \"To avoid getting charged at the bull, do not tease him. Doing so will guarantee you injury or worse by a bull.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Do not stand and fight a bull because you will not win. If and when he gets you down on the ground, you are pretty much finished, no matter if he has horns or not. Hitting the bull is a last resort if you are cornered, and the goal is to convince the bull to back off, not to physically overcome it.\\n\", \"Polled bulls (without horns), though unable to flip you around, will still be able to crush and trample you into the earth.\\n\", \"High-pitched sounds like whistling can bother cattle. Stay quiet, and especially avoid sudden loud noises.[20]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,284 | How to Avoid the Boy Who Knows You Like Him | 1. Staying Out of His Way
1-1. Change your schedule.
The best way to avoid him is to avoid certain areas you know he'll be at certain times. If you tend to bump into him on a daily basis, try walking a different way to class, or to wherever it is you are going. If you see him at your locker, try changing the time you go to drop off and pick up books.
1-2. Change seats.
If he's in your class and sits in the front, try sitting in the back. If you eat lunch at a table he sits at, try switching it up and sit with a different friend group. Changing where you sit every day can also be a good way to change your routine and meet new people while avoiding the boy.
1-3. Avoid hanging out with his friends.
The easiest way to avoid a person is to avoid people that he hangs out with. If you have mutual friends, you'll want to think about who he will be with on what days. If you have multiple friend groups, you can just bop around between the ones that aren't friends with him while you sort out your feelings.
If you have a good friend he hangs out with, confide in that person that you are trying to avoid him. They'll be able to help you out by telling you where he is if they're hanging out with him.
1-4. Avoid online contact.
Just as important as avoiding him in person is avoiding him online. Don't read messages or updates from him, and definitely avoid responding to posts he makes. You can hide his updates from your Facebook feed while still staying friends. Out of sight, out of mind!
1-5. Keep texts or calls short.
If he has your number and calls you or texts you, keep your messages short and to the point. If he texts you and asks what you're up to, just tell him “not much” and don't ask what he's up to.
Keep in mind, if you are just trying to avoid him for a short time period, you don't want to give him signals that you don't like him. You just want to avoid carrying on a long conversation that will put you in an awkward situation.
1-6. Pick up a new hobby.
If the situation is serious and you can't stop thinking about him, try picking up a new hobby. This way you can avoid putting yourself in a situation where you'll see him, and you can give yourself a distraction to keep from thinking about him.
Do something that will take your total concentration, like doing a puzzle. You can also find something to do outdoors, like identifying plants or insects.
2. Ignoring Him
2-1. Avoid eye contact.
If you can't physically avoid him, the next best thing to do is to ignore him. If you sit across the room from him in class and he is looking your way, don't get caught looking at him when he's looking at you.
Of course, if he is talking directly to you, you don't want to run away or pretend like he's not there! Just play it cool and be polite.
2-2. Avoid laughing or smiling at him.
If he makes a funny joke, avoid laughing at it. You like him, so you'll want to smile, but try to go easy on it for a while. You don't want to make it totally obvious and bring more attention to yourself.
2-3. Walk quickly.
If you can't avoid passing him in your daily routine, make the exposure time minimal. This way you can remove any opportunity for an awkward conversation or smiling at him. If you're on your way to class, you can pretend like you are running late. Just keep your head down and walk faster!
2-4. Use body language to make yourself look unavailable.
If you can't walk away from the situation, use your body language to deflect his attention. If he approaches you at the bus stop, give him signs that you are not interested in starting a conversation. Keep your arms crossed. Don't face his direction -- turn your back if you can.
Stay busy with a task, even if it is silly, such as rearranging some papers, so that you appear unavailable and uninterested in what he's doing.
3. Planning the Next Step
3-1. Sort out your feelings.
While you're avoiding him or ignoring him, you need to consider ways to resolve the situation because he isn't going to suddenly disappear. How do you feel about him? What do you want your relationship to look like? Think about what you specifically want out of a relationship, whether it is friendship or something more.
3-2. Play it cool.
If it's someone you know well and see a lot, he's probably unavoidable and hard to ignore. If you find yourself getting worked up over seeing him, try some relaxation methods, such as stretching out and taking a deep breath. Remind yourself it is all a passing thing.
3-3. Be patient
Some situations might take a lot of time to work out. This might mean that you confess your feelings openly to find that he feels the same way. Or it might mean that he doesn't feel the same way. Or that you both feel the same way but still want to be friends and take it easy.
Tips
Don't talk to him unless he starts the conversation, then just carry on politely then leave.
If you know you're going to see him, make sure you have your friends around you - it's harder for him to take the pass or get close to you if there are more people around you.
Warnings
If he starts talking to you or you are normally close, do not ignore him or avoid him completely, just avoid excessive or unnecessary contact.
You can't avoid him forever.
Be nice! While you're trying to avoid him, it might seem to him like you don't like him.
Don't lay it on too thick.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:41",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Staying Out of His Way\\n1-1. Change your schedule.\\nThe best way to avoid him is to avoid certain areas you know he'll be at certain times. If you tend to bump into him on a daily basis, try walking a different way to class, or to wherever it is you are going. If you see him at your locker, try changing the time you go to drop off and pick up books.\\n1-2. Change seats.\\nIf he's in your class and sits in the front, try sitting in the back. If you eat lunch at a table he sits at, try switching it up and sit with a different friend group. Changing where you sit every day can also be a good way to change your routine and meet new people while avoiding the boy.\\n1-3. Avoid hanging out with his friends.\\nThe easiest way to avoid a person is to avoid people that he hangs out with. If you have mutual friends, you'll want to think about who he will be with on what days. If you have multiple friend groups, you can just bop around between the ones that aren't friends with him while you sort out your feelings.\\nIf you have a good friend he hangs out with, confide in that person that you are trying to avoid him. They'll be able to help you out by telling you where he is if they're hanging out with him.\\n1-4. Avoid online contact.\\nJust as important as avoiding him in person is avoiding him online. Don't read messages or updates from him, and definitely avoid responding to posts he makes. You can hide his updates from your Facebook feed while still staying friends. Out of sight, out of mind!\\n1-5. Keep texts or calls short.\\nIf he has your number and calls you or texts you, keep your messages short and to the point. If he texts you and asks what you're up to, just tell him “not much” and don't ask what he's up to.\\nKeep in mind, if you are just trying to avoid him for a short time period, you don't want to give him signals that you don't like him. You just want to avoid carrying on a long conversation that will put you in an awkward situation.\\n1-6. Pick up a new hobby.\\nIf the situation is serious and you can't stop thinking about him, try picking up a new hobby. This way you can avoid putting yourself in a situation where you'll see him, and you can give yourself a distraction to keep from thinking about him.\\nDo something that will take your total concentration, like doing a puzzle. You can also find something to do outdoors, like identifying plants or insects.\\n2. Ignoring Him\\n2-1. Avoid eye contact.\\nIf you can't physically avoid him, the next best thing to do is to ignore him. If you sit across the room from him in class and he is looking your way, don't get caught looking at him when he's looking at you.\\nOf course, if he is talking directly to you, you don't want to run away or pretend like he's not there! Just play it cool and be polite.\\n2-2. Avoid laughing or smiling at him.\\nIf he makes a funny joke, avoid laughing at it. You like him, so you'll want to smile, but try to go easy on it for a while. You don't want to make it totally obvious and bring more attention to yourself.\\n2-3. Walk quickly.\\nIf you can't avoid passing him in your daily routine, make the exposure time minimal. This way you can remove any opportunity for an awkward conversation or smiling at him. If you're on your way to class, you can pretend like you are running late. Just keep your head down and walk faster!\\n2-4. Use body language to make yourself look unavailable.\\nIf you can't walk away from the situation, use your body language to deflect his attention. If he approaches you at the bus stop, give him signs that you are not interested in starting a conversation. Keep your arms crossed. Don't face his direction -- turn your back if you can.\\nStay busy with a task, even if it is silly, such as rearranging some papers, so that you appear unavailable and uninterested in what he's doing.\\n3. Planning the Next Step\\n3-1. Sort out your feelings.\\nWhile you're avoiding him or ignoring him, you need to consider ways to resolve the situation because he isn't going to suddenly disappear. How do you feel about him? What do you want your relationship to look like? Think about what you specifically want out of a relationship, whether it is friendship or something more.\\n3-2. Play it cool.\\nIf it's someone you know well and see a lot, he's probably unavoidable and hard to ignore. If you find yourself getting worked up over seeing him, try some relaxation methods, such as stretching out and taking a deep breath. Remind yourself it is all a passing thing.\\n3-3. Be patient\\nSome situations might take a lot of time to work out. This might mean that you confess your feelings openly to find that he feels the same way. Or it might mean that he doesn't feel the same way. Or that you both feel the same way but still want to be friends and take it easy.\\nTips\\nDon't talk to him unless he starts the conversation, then just carry on politely then leave.\\nIf you know you're going to see him, make sure you have your friends around you - it's harder for him to take the pass or get close to you if there are more people around you.\\nWarnings\\nIf he starts talking to you or you are normally close, do not ignore him or avoid him completely, just avoid excessive or unnecessary contact.\\nYou can't avoid him forever.\\nBe nice! While you're trying to avoid him, it might seem to him like you don't like him.\\nDon't lay it on too thick.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"So he knows, huh? If you're not ready to take the next step with a guy that knows you like him you probably want to stay out of his way. Start by cutting back on most of your contact with him, both online and in person. Avoid common areas that you normally see him, and if this fails you can do your best to ignore him. Avoiding a person is never a permanent fix though. It will only buy you time while you figure out how to approach the situation.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Staying Out of His Way\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Change your schedule.\", \"描述\": \"The best way to avoid him is to avoid certain areas you know he'll be at certain times. If you tend to bump into him on a daily basis, try walking a different way to class, or to wherever it is you are going. If you see him at your locker, try changing the time you go to drop off and pick up books.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Change seats.\", \"描述\": \"If he's in your class and sits in the front, try sitting in the back. If you eat lunch at a table he sits at, try switching it up and sit with a different friend group. Changing where you sit every day can also be a good way to change your routine and meet new people while avoiding the boy.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid hanging out with his friends.\", \"描述\": \"The easiest way to avoid a person is to avoid people that he hangs out with. If you have mutual friends, you'll want to think about who he will be with on what days. If you have multiple friend groups, you can just bop around between the ones that aren't friends with him while you sort out your feelings.\\nIf you have a good friend he hangs out with, confide in that person that you are trying to avoid him. They'll be able to help you out by telling you where he is if they're hanging out with him.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Avoid online contact.\", \"描述\": \"Just as important as avoiding him in person is avoiding him online. Don't read messages or updates from him, and definitely avoid responding to posts he makes. You can hide his updates from your Facebook feed while still staying friends. Out of sight, out of mind!\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Keep texts or calls short.\", \"描述\": \"If he has your number and calls you or texts you, keep your messages short and to the point. If he texts you and asks what you're up to, just tell him “not much” and don't ask what he's up to.\\nKeep in mind, if you are just trying to avoid him for a short time period, you don't want to give him signals that you don't like him. You just want to avoid carrying on a long conversation that will put you in an awkward situation.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Pick up a new hobby.\", \"描述\": \"If the situation is serious and you can't stop thinking about him, try picking up a new hobby. This way you can avoid putting yourself in a situation where you'll see him, and you can give yourself a distraction to keep from thinking about him.\\nDo something that will take your total concentration, like doing a puzzle. You can also find something to do outdoors, like identifying plants or insects.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ignoring Him\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Avoid eye contact.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't physically avoid him, the next best thing to do is to ignore him. If you sit across the room from him in class and he is looking your way, don't get caught looking at him when he's looking at you.\\nOf course, if he is talking directly to you, you don't want to run away or pretend like he's not there! Just play it cool and be polite.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Avoid laughing or smiling at him.\", \"描述\": \"If he makes a funny joke, avoid laughing at it. You like him, so you'll want to smile, but try to go easy on it for a while. You don't want to make it totally obvious and bring more attention to yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Walk quickly.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't avoid passing him in your daily routine, make the exposure time minimal. This way you can remove any opportunity for an awkward conversation or smiling at him. If you're on your way to class, you can pretend like you are running late. Just keep your head down and walk faster!\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use body language to make yourself look unavailable.\", \"描述\": \"If you can't walk away from the situation, use your body language to deflect his attention. If he approaches you at the bus stop, give him signs that you are not interested in starting a conversation. Keep your arms crossed. Don't face his direction -- turn your back if you can.\\nStay busy with a task, even if it is silly, such as rearranging some papers, so that you appear unavailable and uninterested in what he's doing.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Planning the Next Step\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Sort out your feelings.\", \"描述\": \"While you're avoiding him or ignoring him, you need to consider ways to resolve the situation because he isn't going to suddenly disappear. How do you feel about him? What do you want your relationship to look like? Think about what you specifically want out of a relationship, whether it is friendship or something more.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Play it cool.\", \"描述\": \"If it's someone you know well and see a lot, he's probably unavoidable and hard to ignore. If you find yourself getting worked up over seeing him, try some relaxation methods, such as stretching out and taking a deep breath. Remind yourself it is all a passing thing.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be patient\", \"描述\": \"Some situations might take a lot of time to work out. This might mean that you confess your feelings openly to find that he feels the same way. Or it might mean that he doesn't feel the same way. Or that you both feel the same way but still want to be friends and take it easy.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Don't talk to him unless he starts the conversation, then just carry on politely then leave.\\n\", \"If you know you're going to see him, make sure you have your friends around you - it's harder for him to take the pass or get close to you if there are more people around you.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If he starts talking to you or you are normally close, do not ignore him or avoid him completely, just avoid excessive or unnecessary contact.\\n\", \"You can't avoid him forever.\\n\", \"Be nice! While you're trying to avoid him, it might seem to him like you don't like him.\\n\", \"Don't lay it on too thick.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,285 | How to Avoid the Friend Zone Through Texting | 1. Send them flirty messages.
Flirting is one of the best ways to stay out of the friend zone.
Texting them something pleasantly unexpected will surprise them and can change the way they see you. Instead of just thinking of you as a reliable friend, they'll suddenly see you as potential dating material. Here are some flirty text messages to get you started:
"Why can't everyone be more like you?!"
"Not everyone can pull off that outfit you were wearing today."
"Why haven't you asked me to go see that new movie? 😜"
2. Use desire language instead of friendship language.
Desire language is bolder and flirtier than friendship language.
You shouldn't be using the same casual tone that you use to text everyone else in your phone. Instead, you need to send signals to the person that you see them differently—as relationship material. These are a few great examples:
"You've been on my mind all morning."
"I can't get over how you looked last night."
"We're meeting up Friday, right? It can't get here soon enough. 😏"
3. Send them a compliment.
Compliments get their attention and make them value your opinion.
It also shows them that you're confident enough to tell them what you like and that you're paying attention to them. For instance, text:
"You know what I like about you? You have such a generous spirit."
"I like that you always know how to cheer someone up."
"I love that it's so easy to talk to you. You're a great listener."
4. Show them that you're compatible.
Compatibility means you have similar values and interests.
If you think you're a good match, let the other person know that you two would probably hit it off. Although they might not have considered you as relationship material in the past, they might be open to it if you convince them.
For example, text, "I see some amazing qualities in you that are important to me," or, "I think we'd make a good couple—we're in all the same clubs and have the same taste in movies!"
5. Share your own honest opinions when you text.
Being honest will make you seem bolder and more interesting.
They'll start to see you as a sympathetic friend who's always got their back rather than someone who speaks their own mind. It's totally fine that you two don't always share the same opinion! What's important is that they see you standing up for your ideas.
Turn your differences of opinion into something you can joke about. For instance, if she texts, "My favorite band is playing this week. Have you ever heard of them?" you could text, "I still like you even though you're into that band. Maybe I should give you some musical education. Want to see a show with me next week?"
6. Let them text you first sometimes.
They'll feel like they have to chase you to get your attention.
Plus, they won't assume that you’re always available and just a steady friend to rely on.
Keep your texts balanced. So, if they text you once, wait a bit and text back with a single response. Resist the urge to send multiple messages. Remember, they're supposed to chase you!
7. Wait before you reply to their texts.
Build anticipation so you don’t seem too eager or look desperate.
In fact, you may even want to ignore some of their texts, especially if you can tell they're bored and looking to fill their time.
For instance, it's better to ignore a text like, "Hey, this class just won't end. What are you doing?" Instead of replying, let them think you're too busy. They may even start to wonder what you're up to.
You could wait until the end of the day to reply to a message. You might text something like, "Sorry to respond late. I got tied up with some stuff." Don't elaborate or go into details. You want them to realize that you have a life outside of them!
8. Keep your texts about the two of you.
Keeping the focus on the two of you will create intimacy.
You don't want to become that friend that they run to when they're crushing on someone else. This would put you firmly in the friend zone! If they start to text about someone else, quickly change the subject.
If you don't feel like you can easily change the subject, just ignore the text. They'll get the idea that they can't talk with you about other relationships and that's good!
For instance, if they text something like, "Derek was telling me about a new restaurant," you could ignore it or say, "I went to a food cart the other day that I know you'll love."
9. Be confident and assertive when you text.
They'll see you as relationship material instead of another friend.
You might be afraid to bring up your feelings for them, so they assume that you're just casual friends. Before you know it, you're in the friend zone! To prevent this from happening, work on being bold—tell yourself that you are dating material and you know what you want. Confidence is attractive, and here are a few ways to make that come across through your texts:
"I've always thought that you and I would make a great couple."
"We share so much in common. I've wondered what it might be like to date. 😉"
"I feel a spark with you and I'd be curious to see where our relationship could go."
10. Ask them out by text.
You might get in the friend zone if you're passive or afraid to make a move.
The person might just see you as a friend because you're not clear about what kind of a relationship you want with them. To avoid or get out of the friend zone, be super direct and ask them out. This way, they know exactly what you want! For instance, text:
"I've been meaning to ask for a while—would you like to go out for coffee or drinks?"
"I'd love to take you on a date. Are you free sometime?"
"I like texting you, but I love talking in person more. Lunch or dinner this week?"
11. Take a break from texting them if things aren't working out.
This gives you time for reflection.
Sometimes, taking a step back and having a break from all texting or communication can put a useful distance between you. They might find that they miss texting you or they may wonder what you're up to when you're not talking.
A lengthy break might even reset how they feel about you. When you choose to resume texting them, be bolder and sure of yourself. They might decide that they've changed how they feel about you.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:41",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Send them flirty messages.\\nFlirting is one of the best ways to stay out of the friend zone.\\nTexting them something pleasantly unexpected will surprise them and can change the way they see you. Instead of just thinking of you as a reliable friend, they'll suddenly see you as potential dating material. Here are some flirty text messages to get you started:\\n\\\"Why can't everyone be more like you?!\\\"\\n\\\"Not everyone can pull off that outfit you were wearing today.\\\"\\n\\\"Why haven't you asked me to go see that new movie? 😜\\\"\\n2. Use desire language instead of friendship language.\\nDesire language is bolder and flirtier than friendship language.\\nYou shouldn't be using the same casual tone that you use to text everyone else in your phone. Instead, you need to send signals to the person that you see them differently—as relationship material. These are a few great examples:\\n\\\"You've been on my mind all morning.\\\"\\n\\\"I can't get over how you looked last night.\\\"\\n\\\"We're meeting up Friday, right? It can't get here soon enough. 😏\\\"\\n3. Send them a compliment.\\nCompliments get their attention and make them value your opinion.\\nIt also shows them that you're confident enough to tell them what you like and that you're paying attention to them. For instance, text:\\n\\\"You know what I like about you? You have such a generous spirit.\\\"\\n\\\"I like that you always know how to cheer someone up.\\\"\\n\\\"I love that it's so easy to talk to you. You're a great listener.\\\"\\n4. Show them that you're compatible.\\nCompatibility means you have similar values and interests.\\nIf you think you're a good match, let the other person know that you two would probably hit it off. Although they might not have considered you as relationship material in the past, they might be open to it if you convince them.\\nFor example, text, \\\"I see some amazing qualities in you that are important to me,\\\" or, \\\"I think we'd make a good couple—we're in all the same clubs and have the same taste in movies!\\\"\\n5. Share your own honest opinions when you text.\\nBeing honest will make you seem bolder and more interesting.\\nThey'll start to see you as a sympathetic friend who's always got their back rather than someone who speaks their own mind. It's totally fine that you two don't always share the same opinion! What's important is that they see you standing up for your ideas.\\nTurn your differences of opinion into something you can joke about. For instance, if she texts, \\\"My favorite band is playing this week. Have you ever heard of them?\\\" you could text, \\\"I still like you even though you're into that band. Maybe I should give you some musical education. Want to see a show with me next week?\\\"\\n6. Let them text you first sometimes.\\nThey'll feel like they have to chase you to get your attention.\\nPlus, they won't assume that you’re always available and just a steady friend to rely on.\\nKeep your texts balanced. So, if they text you once, wait a bit and text back with a single response. Resist the urge to send multiple messages. Remember, they're supposed to chase you!\\n7. Wait before you reply to their texts.\\nBuild anticipation so you don’t seem too eager or look desperate.\\nIn fact, you may even want to ignore some of their texts, especially if you can tell they're bored and looking to fill their time.\\nFor instance, it's better to ignore a text like, \\\"Hey, this class just won't end. What are you doing?\\\" Instead of replying, let them think you're too busy. They may even start to wonder what you're up to.\\nYou could wait until the end of the day to reply to a message. You might text something like, \\\"Sorry to respond late. I got tied up with some stuff.\\\" Don't elaborate or go into details. You want them to realize that you have a life outside of them!\\n8. Keep your texts about the two of you.\\nKeeping the focus on the two of you will create intimacy.\\nYou don't want to become that friend that they run to when they're crushing on someone else. This would put you firmly in the friend zone! If they start to text about someone else, quickly change the subject.\\nIf you don't feel like you can easily change the subject, just ignore the text. They'll get the idea that they can't talk with you about other relationships and that's good!\\nFor instance, if they text something like, \\\"Derek was telling me about a new restaurant,\\\" you could ignore it or say, \\\"I went to a food cart the other day that I know you'll love.\\\"\\n9. Be confident and assertive when you text.\\nThey'll see you as relationship material instead of another friend.\\nYou might be afraid to bring up your feelings for them, so they assume that you're just casual friends. Before you know it, you're in the friend zone! To prevent this from happening, work on being bold—tell yourself that you are dating material and you know what you want. Confidence is attractive, and here are a few ways to make that come across through your texts:\\n\\\"I've always thought that you and I would make a great couple.\\\"\\n\\\"We share so much in common. I've wondered what it might be like to date. 😉\\\"\\n\\\"I feel a spark with you and I'd be curious to see where our relationship could go.\\\"\\n10. Ask them out by text.\\nYou might get in the friend zone if you're passive or afraid to make a move.\\nThe person might just see you as a friend because you're not clear about what kind of a relationship you want with them. To avoid or get out of the friend zone, be super direct and ask them out. This way, they know exactly what you want! For instance, text:\\n\\\"I've been meaning to ask for a while—would you like to go out for coffee or drinks?\\\"\\n\\\"I'd love to take you on a date. Are you free sometime?\\\"\\n\\\"I like texting you, but I love talking in person more. Lunch or dinner this week?\\\"\\n11. Take a break from texting them if things aren't working out.\\nThis gives you time for reflection.\\nSometimes, taking a step back and having a break from all texting or communication can put a useful distance between you. They might find that they miss texting you or they may wonder what you're up to when you're not talking.\\nA lengthy break might even reset how they feel about you. When you choose to resume texting them, be bolder and sure of yourself. They might decide that they've changed how they feel about you.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Ahh, the friend zone—that dreaded place where you have a connection with a person, but they don't see you as more than a friend. Texting makes it even easier to slip into a familiar routine with someone, but it's also a fantastic way to avoid the friend zone. Grab your phone and check out our steps for specific texting examples. We'll show you exactly how to get out of the friend zone and take your relationship to the next level.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Send them flirty messages.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Flirting is one of the best ways to stay out of the friend zone.\", \"描述\": \"Texting them something pleasantly unexpected will surprise them and can change the way they see you. Instead of just thinking of you as a reliable friend, they'll suddenly see you as potential dating material. Here are some flirty text messages to get you started:\\n\\\"Why can't everyone be more like you?!\\\"\\n\\\"Not everyone can pull off that outfit you were wearing today.\\\"\\n\\\"Why haven't you asked me to go see that new movie? 😜\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use desire language instead of friendship language.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Desire language is bolder and flirtier than friendship language.\", \"描述\": \"You shouldn't be using the same casual tone that you use to text everyone else in your phone. Instead, you need to send signals to the person that you see them differently—as relationship material. These are a few great examples:\\n\\\"You've been on my mind all morning.\\\"\\n\\\"I can't get over how you looked last night.\\\"\\n\\\"We're meeting up Friday, right? It can't get here soon enough. 😏\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Send them a compliment.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Compliments get their attention and make them value your opinion.\", \"描述\": \"It also shows them that you're confident enough to tell them what you like and that you're paying attention to them. For instance, text:\\n\\\"You know what I like about you? You have such a generous spirit.\\\"\\n\\\"I like that you always know how to cheer someone up.\\\"\\n\\\"I love that it's so easy to talk to you. You're a great listener.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Show them that you're compatible.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Compatibility means you have similar values and interests.\", \"描述\": \"If you think you're a good match, let the other person know that you two would probably hit it off. Although they might not have considered you as relationship material in the past, they might be open to it if you convince them.\\nFor example, text, \\\"I see some amazing qualities in you that are important to me,\\\" or, \\\"I think we'd make a good couple—we're in all the same clubs and have the same taste in movies!\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Share your own honest opinions when you text.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Being honest will make you seem bolder and more interesting.\", \"描述\": \"They'll start to see you as a sympathetic friend who's always got their back rather than someone who speaks their own mind. It's totally fine that you two don't always share the same opinion! What's important is that they see you standing up for your ideas.\\nTurn your differences of opinion into something you can joke about. For instance, if she texts, \\\"My favorite band is playing this week. Have you ever heard of them?\\\" you could text, \\\"I still like you even though you're into that band. Maybe I should give you some musical education. Want to see a show with me next week?\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Let them text you first sometimes.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"They'll feel like they have to chase you to get your attention.\", \"描述\": \"Plus, they won't assume that you’re always available and just a steady friend to rely on.\\nKeep your texts balanced. So, if they text you once, wait a bit and text back with a single response. Resist the urge to send multiple messages. Remember, they're supposed to chase you!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Wait before you reply to their texts.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Build anticipation so you don’t seem too eager or look desperate.\", \"描述\": \"In fact, you may even want to ignore some of their texts, especially if you can tell they're bored and looking to fill their time.\\nFor instance, it's better to ignore a text like, \\\"Hey, this class just won't end. What are you doing?\\\" Instead of replying, let them think you're too busy. They may even start to wonder what you're up to.\\nYou could wait until the end of the day to reply to a message. You might text something like, \\\"Sorry to respond late. I got tied up with some stuff.\\\" Don't elaborate or go into details. You want them to realize that you have a life outside of them!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Keep your texts about the two of you.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keeping the focus on the two of you will create intimacy.\", \"描述\": \"You don't want to become that friend that they run to when they're crushing on someone else. This would put you firmly in the friend zone! If they start to text about someone else, quickly change the subject.\\nIf you don't feel like you can easily change the subject, just ignore the text. They'll get the idea that they can't talk with you about other relationships and that's good!\\nFor instance, if they text something like, \\\"Derek was telling me about a new restaurant,\\\" you could ignore it or say, \\\"I went to a food cart the other day that I know you'll love.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Be confident and assertive when you text.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"They'll see you as relationship material instead of another friend.\", \"描述\": \"You might be afraid to bring up your feelings for them, so they assume that you're just casual friends. Before you know it, you're in the friend zone! To prevent this from happening, work on being bold—tell yourself that you are dating material and you know what you want. Confidence is attractive, and here are a few ways to make that come across through your texts:\\n\\\"I've always thought that you and I would make a great couple.\\\"\\n\\\"We share so much in common. I've wondered what it might be like to date. 😉\\\"\\n\\\"I feel a spark with you and I'd be curious to see where our relationship could go.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Ask them out by text.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"You might get in the friend zone if you're passive or afraid to make a move.\", \"描述\": \"The person might just see you as a friend because you're not clear about what kind of a relationship you want with them. To avoid or get out of the friend zone, be super direct and ask them out. This way, they know exactly what you want! For instance, text:\\n\\\"I've been meaning to ask for a while—would you like to go out for coffee or drinks?\\\"\\n\\\"I'd love to take you on a date. Are you free sometime?\\\"\\n\\\"I like texting you, but I love talking in person more. Lunch or dinner this week?\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Take a break from texting them if things aren't working out.\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"This gives you time for reflection.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes, taking a step back and having a break from all texting or communication can put a useful distance between you. They might find that they miss texting you or they may wonder what you're up to when you're not talking.\\nA lengthy break might even reset how they feel about you. When you choose to resume texting them, be bolder and sure of yourself. They might decide that they've changed how they feel about you.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,286 | How to Avoid the Temptation to Eat Unhealthy Foods | 1. Changing your Thinking
1-1. Be mindful.
When you experience a food craving, stop for a moment and observe your own thinking and responses. Research shows that taking a moment to stop and recognize your mental and physical state can cause cravings to dissipate.
Stop and ask yourself: why do I want this? What exactly am I feeling right now? This may not always work. But, at least in some cases, pausing to scrutinize your thought patterns can lead to healthier decisions.
It can also help to take a moment to inventory, mentally, what you've already eaten that day. Often, this can trigger your brain to feel satisfied, rather than longing for more.
1-2. Visualize rewards.
Other psychological research shows that visualizing desired behavior can help you follow through on it.
Pause for a moment and try to imagine, as vividly as you can, the rewards of making the right decision.
For example, imagine yourself ten pounds lighter, and what you will look and feel like if you consistently eat a healthy diet.
1-3. Visualize consequences.
Similarly, some have suggested the visualizing the negative consequences of bad decisions can help people make good ones.
For example, imagine finding out you have diabetes, or imagine yourself 20 pounds heavier.
This may seem severe. After all, one bowl of ice cream isn't going to make you diabetic. But, exaggerating the harm of the unhealthy choice can make it less appealing.
Also keep in mind that this is not about shaming yourself. Neither your current nor your appearance is the focus here. Rather, the idea is make the consequences of your decisions vivid. The goal is to help you make good choices, not feel bad about yourself.
1-4. Postpone, don't deny your cravings.
When you are craving something unhealthy, don't tell yourself "no." Instead, tell yourself, "maybe I'll eat it later."
Psychological research shows that often, deciding to eat something later on is enough to stop the craving. Chances are, in a short time, the craving will have passed.
By saying "later" instead of "no," you trick your brain into letting you make the right decision. You can say "no" when you aren't experiencing the craving anymore.
2. Changing your Habits
2-1. Replace your cravings.
If you are genuinely hungry, it's okay to eat! But, instead of eating cookies or potato chips, make yourself a healthy snack. This can be doubly effective if you can identify your cravings. A particular food craving might point to something lacking in your diet. For example:
A chocolate craving might suggest you need magnesium. Instead, try snacking on natural fruits, nuts, leafy greens, or take a vitamin/mineral supplement.
A craving for sugar or simple carbohydrates (like white bread) might suggest your body needs protein or complex carbohydrates for energy. Carbohydrates break down into sugars. Since sugar metabolizes quickly, it is not a good source of long term energy. The best sources of energy are protein and complex carbohydrates, which break down more slowly. Good examples include brown or wild long-grain rice. Pasta or bread made from whole wheat flour are also good options. For protein, nuts, cheese, low-fat milk, beans, or lean meats are good choices.
A craving for fried foods might suggest a need for good fats, like Omega 3 fatty acids. Try eating more fish, or check your grocery store for milk, cheese, or eggs containing these oils. You can also take a fish oil supplement if you don't like to eat actual fish, or incorporate flaxseed in your diet by mixing it into muffins or oatmeal. Walnuts and fresh basil are also sources of omega-3 fatty acids.
A salt craving might mean you are lacking important electrolytes like chloride, calcium, sodium, and potassium. You might also need hydration, or vitamin B. When you desire something salty, try a glass of water. If this doesn't work, a banana and some yogurt might do the trick. If you have these cravings frequently, you may wish to try taking a vitamin B supplement or multivitamin.
2-2. Choose healthy snacks.
When you do have a snack, try to choose healthy options that satisfy the same snacking desires. For example:
For a salty crunch, try popcorn instead of potato chips. Fresh, air-popped corn is best, but if you opt for microwave popcorn, pick a low fat variety.
If you are craving some candy, try some trail mix with dried fruit and maybe a few chocolate chips. This can be a good source of complex carbohydrates and healthy fats. Or, have a little piece of dark chocolate. It's lower in sugar, and high in healthy antioxidants.
If you want French fries or onion rings, try some lightly salted edamame, which is high in fiber and protein. Or, fix yourself a baked potato for few calories and more fiber.
If you're dying for some ice cream, try a sorbet or frozen yogurt. These are still high in sugar, so don't go crazy. But, these options have a lot less fat--often none at all.
2-3. Cook your own meals.
Restaurant meals, and especially fast food, are full of salt and other unhealthy ingredients. Making your own healthy and tasty meals will help you resist the cravings for restaurant food.
Pack a lunch when you go to work. If you have your own healthy food, you'll be less tempted to grab a quick bite at a drive-thru, or to have the pizza your co-workers ordered.
2-4. Distract yourself.
When you feel a food craving coming on, try to occupy yourself with something else.
Ideally, you could make this a healthy activity, like going for a walk around the block. But, you could also call a friend or work on a project around the house.
Food cravings are often triggered by boredom or fatigue. Keeping yourself occupied will help ward off either of these.
2-5. Get plenty of sleep.
Sleep deprivation causes your body to need (and crave) more calories to keep going. It has been linked to cravings for junk food. Getting a good night's sleep should reduce unhealthy food cravings.
Likewise, sleep deprivation can weaken your willpower, making it harder to resist cravings.
2-6. Break the routine.
Psychological research shows that a lot of snacking occurs in an absent-minded way, as part of a routine. Breaking these routines can help reduce cravings.
If you often eat a snack when you watch TV, you may start to want a snack every time you watch TV. Try to be aware of these routines and break them.
You can do this by changing the physical space. For example, you might move your TV to another room for a while. This change will weaken the association between TV and snacking. You can move it back once you've broken the habit.
Studies also show that eating snacks with your non-dominant hand will mean you eat less and will also weaken these habits. So, if you give in and snack, give it a try.
2-7. Celebrate in moderation.
Tasty but unhealthy foods are part of many of our celebrations. Whether it's birthday cake or pumpkin pie around the holidays, sweet and fatty foods go with good times. Try to moderate how much of these things you eat.
Not many people are likely to turn down a slice of cake on their birthday. Go ahead and have a piece! But keep in mind, it doesn't have to be a huge piece. You can take part in the celebration (and often satisfy your craving) with just a small piece of cake.
3. Changing your Food Environment
3-1. Clean out your cupboards.
One surefire way to make sure you don't eat unhealthy foods at home is to not have them in your home. If you're really serious about keeping these foods out of your diet, get rid of them!
You can't eat what isn't there. If you eat your meals at home and only have healthy ingredients to prepare them with, that's all you'll eat.
3-2. Keep unhealthy foods out of sight.
As the old saying goes, "out of sight, out of mind." If you aren't willing to toss out everything unhealthy, move it so that it is less visible and accessible.
Studies show that people consume candy in transparent containers like glass jars more quickly than candy in opaque containers.
If you keep potato chips in the house, keep them in a closed cupboard.
3-3. Keep healthy foods accessible.
The flip side of hiding your junk food is making sure that healthier options are more easily seen and accessed. This will increase the likelihood of eating them instead.
For example, keep fruit out on the counter. If there are apples in plain sight, but the potato chips are hidden away, this will make you more likely to go for the fruit.
Take some time to do food prep on the weekends by washing and cutting fresh vegetables that will then be available to quickly snack on throughout the week. For example, carrots, celery, zucchini, and broccoli.
Try washing and freezing some grapes that have been removed from the vine. Frozen grapes make a great healthy snack when you are craving something sweet.
3-4. Don't go shopping on an empty stomach.
Research shows that when you go to the grocery store hungry, you are more likely to make impulse buys. This often means unhealthy food.
Try eating a small, healthy snack just before a trip to the grocery store. This will reduce the temptation to make junk food impulse purchases.
Once again, if you don't buy unhealthy food, you can't eat it. Go to the store with a full belly and make good choices.
Planning what you are going to eat for the week and shopping accordingly is also a great way to make healthy eating easy.
Tips
Drinking plenty of water will help cravings go away. So instead of reaching for those potato chips, reach for a cup and drink some water!
Don't beat yourself up for the occasional lapse. Nobody is perfect, and tomorrow is another day.
Brush your teeth a little earlier. It'll help to prevent you from eating the unhealthy foods since your teeth are already clean and flavored. Not all foods go with a mint flavoring of a toothpaste or mouthwash.
Warnings
Eating unhealthy foods "in moderation" does not work for everyone. Some foods trigger people. Just as an alcoholic cannot have just one glass of wine, some people cannot have just one piece of candy. It is better to eliminate the foods you binge on or find a good substitute for them.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:41",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Changing your Thinking\\n1-1. Be mindful.\\nWhen you experience a food craving, stop for a moment and observe your own thinking and responses. Research shows that taking a moment to stop and recognize your mental and physical state can cause cravings to dissipate.\\nStop and ask yourself: why do I want this? What exactly am I feeling right now? This may not always work. But, at least in some cases, pausing to scrutinize your thought patterns can lead to healthier decisions.\\nIt can also help to take a moment to inventory, mentally, what you've already eaten that day. Often, this can trigger your brain to feel satisfied, rather than longing for more.\\n1-2. Visualize rewards.\\nOther psychological research shows that visualizing desired behavior can help you follow through on it.\\nPause for a moment and try to imagine, as vividly as you can, the rewards of making the right decision.\\nFor example, imagine yourself ten pounds lighter, and what you will look and feel like if you consistently eat a healthy diet.\\n1-3. Visualize consequences.\\nSimilarly, some have suggested the visualizing the negative consequences of bad decisions can help people make good ones.\\nFor example, imagine finding out you have diabetes, or imagine yourself 20 pounds heavier.\\nThis may seem severe. After all, one bowl of ice cream isn't going to make you diabetic. But, exaggerating the harm of the unhealthy choice can make it less appealing.\\nAlso keep in mind that this is not about shaming yourself. Neither your current nor your appearance is the focus here. Rather, the idea is make the consequences of your decisions vivid. The goal is to help you make good choices, not feel bad about yourself.\\n1-4. Postpone, don't deny your cravings.\\nWhen you are craving something unhealthy, don't tell yourself \\\"no.\\\" Instead, tell yourself, \\\"maybe I'll eat it later.\\\"\\nPsychological research shows that often, deciding to eat something later on is enough to stop the craving. Chances are, in a short time, the craving will have passed.\\nBy saying \\\"later\\\" instead of \\\"no,\\\" you trick your brain into letting you make the right decision. You can say \\\"no\\\" when you aren't experiencing the craving anymore.\\n2. Changing your Habits\\n2-1. Replace your cravings.\\nIf you are genuinely hungry, it's okay to eat! But, instead of eating cookies or potato chips, make yourself a healthy snack. This can be doubly effective if you can identify your cravings. A particular food craving might point to something lacking in your diet. For example:\\nA chocolate craving might suggest you need magnesium. Instead, try snacking on natural fruits, nuts, leafy greens, or take a vitamin/mineral supplement.\\nA craving for sugar or simple carbohydrates (like white bread) might suggest your body needs protein or complex carbohydrates for energy. Carbohydrates break down into sugars. Since sugar metabolizes quickly, it is not a good source of long term energy. The best sources of energy are protein and complex carbohydrates, which break down more slowly. Good examples include brown or wild long-grain rice. Pasta or bread made from whole wheat flour are also good options. For protein, nuts, cheese, low-fat milk, beans, or lean meats are good choices.\\nA craving for fried foods might suggest a need for good fats, like Omega 3 fatty acids. Try eating more fish, or check your grocery store for milk, cheese, or eggs containing these oils. You can also take a fish oil supplement if you don't like to eat actual fish, or incorporate flaxseed in your diet by mixing it into muffins or oatmeal. Walnuts and fresh basil are also sources of omega-3 fatty acids.\\nA salt craving might mean you are lacking important electrolytes like chloride, calcium, sodium, and potassium. You might also need hydration, or vitamin B. When you desire something salty, try a glass of water. If this doesn't work, a banana and some yogurt might do the trick. If you have these cravings frequently, you may wish to try taking a vitamin B supplement or multivitamin.\\n2-2. Choose healthy snacks.\\nWhen you do have a snack, try to choose healthy options that satisfy the same snacking desires. For example:\\nFor a salty crunch, try popcorn instead of potato chips. Fresh, air-popped corn is best, but if you opt for microwave popcorn, pick a low fat variety.\\nIf you are craving some candy, try some trail mix with dried fruit and maybe a few chocolate chips. This can be a good source of complex carbohydrates and healthy fats. Or, have a little piece of dark chocolate. It's lower in sugar, and high in healthy antioxidants.\\nIf you want French fries or onion rings, try some lightly salted edamame, which is high in fiber and protein. Or, fix yourself a baked potato for few calories and more fiber.\\nIf you're dying for some ice cream, try a sorbet or frozen yogurt. These are still high in sugar, so don't go crazy. But, these options have a lot less fat--often none at all.\\n2-3. Cook your own meals.\\nRestaurant meals, and especially fast food, are full of salt and other unhealthy ingredients. Making your own healthy and tasty meals will help you resist the cravings for restaurant food.\\nPack a lunch when you go to work. If you have your own healthy food, you'll be less tempted to grab a quick bite at a drive-thru, or to have the pizza your co-workers ordered.\\n2-4. Distract yourself.\\nWhen you feel a food craving coming on, try to occupy yourself with something else. \\nIdeally, you could make this a healthy activity, like going for a walk around the block. But, you could also call a friend or work on a project around the house.\\nFood cravings are often triggered by boredom or fatigue. Keeping yourself occupied will help ward off either of these.\\n2-5. Get plenty of sleep.\\nSleep deprivation causes your body to need (and crave) more calories to keep going. It has been linked to cravings for junk food. Getting a good night's sleep should reduce unhealthy food cravings.\\nLikewise, sleep deprivation can weaken your willpower, making it harder to resist cravings.\\n2-6. Break the routine.\\nPsychological research shows that a lot of snacking occurs in an absent-minded way, as part of a routine. Breaking these routines can help reduce cravings.\\nIf you often eat a snack when you watch TV, you may start to want a snack every time you watch TV. Try to be aware of these routines and break them.\\nYou can do this by changing the physical space. For example, you might move your TV to another room for a while. This change will weaken the association between TV and snacking. You can move it back once you've broken the habit.\\nStudies also show that eating snacks with your non-dominant hand will mean you eat less and will also weaken these habits. So, if you give in and snack, give it a try.\\n2-7. Celebrate in moderation.\\nTasty but unhealthy foods are part of many of our celebrations. Whether it's birthday cake or pumpkin pie around the holidays, sweet and fatty foods go with good times. Try to moderate how much of these things you eat.\\nNot many people are likely to turn down a slice of cake on their birthday. Go ahead and have a piece! But keep in mind, it doesn't have to be a huge piece. You can take part in the celebration (and often satisfy your craving) with just a small piece of cake.\\n3. Changing your Food Environment\\n3-1. Clean out your cupboards.\\nOne surefire way to make sure you don't eat unhealthy foods at home is to not have them in your home. If you're really serious about keeping these foods out of your diet, get rid of them!\\nYou can't eat what isn't there. If you eat your meals at home and only have healthy ingredients to prepare them with, that's all you'll eat.\\n3-2. Keep unhealthy foods out of sight.\\nAs the old saying goes, \\\"out of sight, out of mind.\\\" If you aren't willing to toss out everything unhealthy, move it so that it is less visible and accessible.\\nStudies show that people consume candy in transparent containers like glass jars more quickly than candy in opaque containers.\\nIf you keep potato chips in the house, keep them in a closed cupboard.\\n3-3. Keep healthy foods accessible.\\nThe flip side of hiding your junk food is making sure that healthier options are more easily seen and accessed. This will increase the likelihood of eating them instead.\\nFor example, keep fruit out on the counter. If there are apples in plain sight, but the potato chips are hidden away, this will make you more likely to go for the fruit.\\nTake some time to do food prep on the weekends by washing and cutting fresh vegetables that will then be available to quickly snack on throughout the week. For example, carrots, celery, zucchini, and broccoli.\\nTry washing and freezing some grapes that have been removed from the vine. Frozen grapes make a great healthy snack when you are craving something sweet.\\n3-4. Don't go shopping on an empty stomach.\\nResearch shows that when you go to the grocery store hungry, you are more likely to make impulse buys. This often means unhealthy food. \\nTry eating a small, healthy snack just before a trip to the grocery store. This will reduce the temptation to make junk food impulse purchases.\\nOnce again, if you don't buy unhealthy food, you can't eat it. Go to the store with a full belly and make good choices.\\nPlanning what you are going to eat for the week and shopping accordingly is also a great way to make healthy eating easy.\\nTips\\nDrinking plenty of water will help cravings go away. So instead of reaching for those potato chips, reach for a cup and drink some water!\\nDon't beat yourself up for the occasional lapse. Nobody is perfect, and tomorrow is another day.\\nBrush your teeth a little earlier. It'll help to prevent you from eating the unhealthy foods since your teeth are already clean and flavored. Not all foods go with a mint flavoring of a toothpaste or mouthwash.\\nWarnings\\nEating unhealthy foods \\\"in moderation\\\" does not work for everyone. Some foods trigger people. Just as an alcoholic cannot have just one glass of wine, some people cannot have just one piece of candy. It is better to eliminate the foods you binge on or find a good substitute for them.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Cravings for unhealthy food can happen to anyone. There are many factors that can lead to these cravings, such as hormonal fluctuations, reaction to stress, depression, and eating disorders. These cravings can be hard to overcome. But, with some willpower and few simple tricks, you can do it.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Changing your Thinking\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be mindful.\", \"描述\": \"When you experience a food craving, stop for a moment and observe your own thinking and responses. Research shows that taking a moment to stop and recognize your mental and physical state can cause cravings to dissipate.\\nStop and ask yourself: why do I want this? What exactly am I feeling right now? This may not always work. But, at least in some cases, pausing to scrutinize your thought patterns can lead to healthier decisions.\\nIt can also help to take a moment to inventory, mentally, what you've already eaten that day. Often, this can trigger your brain to feel satisfied, rather than longing for more.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Visualize rewards.\", \"描述\": \"Other psychological research shows that visualizing desired behavior can help you follow through on it.\\nPause for a moment and try to imagine, as vividly as you can, the rewards of making the right decision.\\nFor example, imagine yourself ten pounds lighter, and what you will look and feel like if you consistently eat a healthy diet.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Visualize consequences.\", \"描述\": \"Similarly, some have suggested the visualizing the negative consequences of bad decisions can help people make good ones.\\nFor example, imagine finding out you have diabetes, or imagine yourself 20 pounds heavier.\\nThis may seem severe. After all, one bowl of ice cream isn't going to make you diabetic. But, exaggerating the harm of the unhealthy choice can make it less appealing.\\nAlso keep in mind that this is not about shaming yourself. Neither your current nor your appearance is the focus here. Rather, the idea is make the consequences of your decisions vivid. The goal is to help you make good choices, not feel bad about yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Postpone, don't deny your cravings.\", \"描述\": \"When you are craving something unhealthy, don't tell yourself \\\"no.\\\" Instead, tell yourself, \\\"maybe I'll eat it later.\\\"\\nPsychological research shows that often, deciding to eat something later on is enough to stop the craving. Chances are, in a short time, the craving will have passed.\\nBy saying \\\"later\\\" instead of \\\"no,\\\" you trick your brain into letting you make the right decision. You can say \\\"no\\\" when you aren't experiencing the craving anymore.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Changing your Habits\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Replace your cravings.\", \"描述\": \"If you are genuinely hungry, it's okay to eat! But, instead of eating cookies or potato chips, make yourself a healthy snack. This can be doubly effective if you can identify your cravings. A particular food craving might point to something lacking in your diet. For example:\\nA chocolate craving might suggest you need magnesium. Instead, try snacking on natural fruits, nuts, leafy greens, or take a vitamin/mineral supplement.\\nA craving for sugar or simple carbohydrates (like white bread) might suggest your body needs protein or complex carbohydrates for energy. Carbohydrates break down into sugars. Since sugar metabolizes quickly, it is not a good source of long term energy. The best sources of energy are protein and complex carbohydrates, which break down more slowly. Good examples include brown or wild long-grain rice. Pasta or bread made from whole wheat flour are also good options. For protein, nuts, cheese, low-fat milk, beans, or lean meats are good choices.\\nA craving for fried foods might suggest a need for good fats, like Omega 3 fatty acids. Try eating more fish, or check your grocery store for milk, cheese, or eggs containing these oils. You can also take a fish oil supplement if you don't like to eat actual fish, or incorporate flaxseed in your diet by mixing it into muffins or oatmeal. Walnuts and fresh basil are also sources of omega-3 fatty acids.\\nA salt craving might mean you are lacking important electrolytes like chloride, calcium, sodium, and potassium. You might also need hydration, or vitamin B. When you desire something salty, try a glass of water. If this doesn't work, a banana and some yogurt might do the trick. If you have these cravings frequently, you may wish to try taking a vitamin B supplement or multivitamin.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose healthy snacks.\", \"描述\": \"When you do have a snack, try to choose healthy options that satisfy the same snacking desires. For example:\\nFor a salty crunch, try popcorn instead of potato chips. Fresh, air-popped corn is best, but if you opt for microwave popcorn, pick a low fat variety.\\nIf you are craving some candy, try some trail mix with dried fruit and maybe a few chocolate chips. This can be a good source of complex carbohydrates and healthy fats. Or, have a little piece of dark chocolate. It's lower in sugar, and high in healthy antioxidants.\\nIf you want French fries or onion rings, try some lightly salted edamame, which is high in fiber and protein. Or, fix yourself a baked potato for few calories and more fiber.\\nIf you're dying for some ice cream, try a sorbet or frozen yogurt. These are still high in sugar, so don't go crazy. But, these options have a lot less fat--often none at all.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Cook your own meals.\", \"描述\": \"Restaurant meals, and especially fast food, are full of salt and other unhealthy ingredients. Making your own healthy and tasty meals will help you resist the cravings for restaurant food.\\nPack a lunch when you go to work. If you have your own healthy food, you'll be less tempted to grab a quick bite at a drive-thru, or to have the pizza your co-workers ordered.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Distract yourself.\", \"描述\": \"When you feel a food craving coming on, try to occupy yourself with something else. \\nIdeally, you could make this a healthy activity, like going for a walk around the block. But, you could also call a friend or work on a project around the house.\\nFood cravings are often triggered by boredom or fatigue. Keeping yourself occupied will help ward off either of these.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get plenty of sleep.\", \"描述\": \"Sleep deprivation causes your body to need (and crave) more calories to keep going. It has been linked to cravings for junk food. Getting a good night's sleep should reduce unhealthy food cravings.\\nLikewise, sleep deprivation can weaken your willpower, making it harder to resist cravings.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Break the routine.\", \"描述\": \"Psychological research shows that a lot of snacking occurs in an absent-minded way, as part of a routine. Breaking these routines can help reduce cravings.\\nIf you often eat a snack when you watch TV, you may start to want a snack every time you watch TV. Try to be aware of these routines and break them.\\nYou can do this by changing the physical space. For example, you might move your TV to another room for a while. This change will weaken the association between TV and snacking. You can move it back once you've broken the habit.\\nStudies also show that eating snacks with your non-dominant hand will mean you eat less and will also weaken these habits. So, if you give in and snack, give it a try.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Celebrate in moderation.\", \"描述\": \"Tasty but unhealthy foods are part of many of our celebrations. Whether it's birthday cake or pumpkin pie around the holidays, sweet and fatty foods go with good times. Try to moderate how much of these things you eat.\\nNot many people are likely to turn down a slice of cake on their birthday. Go ahead and have a piece! But keep in mind, it doesn't have to be a huge piece. You can take part in the celebration (and often satisfy your craving) with just a small piece of cake.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Changing your Food Environment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Clean out your cupboards.\", \"描述\": \"One surefire way to make sure you don't eat unhealthy foods at home is to not have them in your home. If you're really serious about keeping these foods out of your diet, get rid of them!\\nYou can't eat what isn't there. If you eat your meals at home and only have healthy ingredients to prepare them with, that's all you'll eat.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Keep unhealthy foods out of sight.\", \"描述\": \"As the old saying goes, \\\"out of sight, out of mind.\\\" If you aren't willing to toss out everything unhealthy, move it so that it is less visible and accessible.\\nStudies show that people consume candy in transparent containers like glass jars more quickly than candy in opaque containers.\\nIf you keep potato chips in the house, keep them in a closed cupboard.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep healthy foods accessible.\", \"描述\": \"The flip side of hiding your junk food is making sure that healthier options are more easily seen and accessed. This will increase the likelihood of eating them instead.\\nFor example, keep fruit out on the counter. If there are apples in plain sight, but the potato chips are hidden away, this will make you more likely to go for the fruit.\\nTake some time to do food prep on the weekends by washing and cutting fresh vegetables that will then be available to quickly snack on throughout the week. For example, carrots, celery, zucchini, and broccoli.\\nTry washing and freezing some grapes that have been removed from the vine. Frozen grapes make a great healthy snack when you are craving something sweet.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don't go shopping on an empty stomach.\", \"描述\": \"Research shows that when you go to the grocery store hungry, you are more likely to make impulse buys. This often means unhealthy food. \\nTry eating a small, healthy snack just before a trip to the grocery store. This will reduce the temptation to make junk food impulse purchases.\\nOnce again, if you don't buy unhealthy food, you can't eat it. Go to the store with a full belly and make good choices.\\nPlanning what you are going to eat for the week and shopping accordingly is also a great way to make healthy eating easy.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Drinking plenty of water will help cravings go away. So instead of reaching for those potato chips, reach for a cup and drink some water!\\n\", \"Don't beat yourself up for the occasional lapse. Nobody is perfect, and tomorrow is another day.\\n\", \"Brush your teeth a little earlier. It'll help to prevent you from eating the unhealthy foods since your teeth are already clean and flavored. Not all foods go with a mint flavoring of a toothpaste or mouthwash.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Eating unhealthy foods \\\"in moderation\\\" does not work for everyone. Some foods trigger people. Just as an alcoholic cannot have just one glass of wine, some people cannot have just one piece of candy. It is better to eliminate the foods you binge on or find a good substitute for them.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,287 | How to Awaken Your Psychic Power to Feel Your Aura | 1. Steps
1-1. Be totally relaxed.
It works best if you are lying down flat on your back, comfortable with your head on a pillow. A great time to try this is once you're off to bed. Close your eyes and relax.
1-2. Rest your elbows at your sides to take the weight of your arms.
Then bring both of your hands together above your belly so that the finger tips of your left hand are touching the finger tips of your right hand. It will almost look like you're praying. When your hands are completely relaxed, your fingers will naturally bend, they should not be forced straight. When your finger tips are touching with your hands relaxed, there should be enough space between your palms that you could hold a soft ball in your hands. This is the starting position.
1-3. Slowly pull your hands apart about 10 centimetres or 2 inches, then slowly push them back together again, but do not let your finger tips touch.
If your hands touch, you can no longer feel the aura. The aura leaving each of your hands will form a zone of resistance between your hands, which you should be able to feel as your hands are moving toward one another. It will feel as if you are holding a balloon between your hands, and as your hands move together, you will feel the balloon "squeeze".
1-4. Keep moving your hands slowly in and out, concentrating on feeling an imaginary "balloon" between your hands until you feel the resistance.
Once you've discovered this resistance, you are now feeling your aura. You can now start moving your hands father apart, then back together again slightly to create a bigger balloon. With a little practice, you can feel your aura between your outstretched hands, with your hands as much as 100 centimetres or 36 inches apart.
You can meditate to improve your psychic abilities. It can help you to hear your inner voice and block out all the other interfering energy or noise.
Meditation helps to remove your negative programs and blocks or things that hold you back.
If you have trouble meditating, you can download some audio and listen to it.
Tips
It is much harder to feel someone else's aura, possibly because the energy waves are not in sync. The energy field of the aura between your own hands, is in perfect sync, so the resistance is far more powerful.
This works because as the aura's energy leaves both your left and right hand, the energy field between your hands is moving in opposite directions, so it creates a "pressure zone" between your hands. As your hands move toward each other, you'll "squeeze" this pressure zone and feel resistance. It's exactly as if you're holding and squeezing a balloon. Try experimenting with this pressure zone, and see how far apart you can have your hands, yet still feel your aura.
Warnings
This might frighten you the first time it works. It's an odd sensation to suddenly feel something you cannot see. This is very normal and it is a part of your natural being. Whether or not you consider this a "psychic ability", you're simply being introduced to a new sensation that has been with you your entire life.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:41",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Steps\\n1-1. Be totally relaxed.\\nIt works best if you are lying down flat on your back, comfortable with your head on a pillow. A great time to try this is once you're off to bed. Close your eyes and relax.\\n1-2. Rest your elbows at your sides to take the weight of your arms.\\nThen bring both of your hands together above your belly so that the finger tips of your left hand are touching the finger tips of your right hand. It will almost look like you're praying. When your hands are completely relaxed, your fingers will naturally bend, they should not be forced straight. When your finger tips are touching with your hands relaxed, there should be enough space between your palms that you could hold a soft ball in your hands. This is the starting position.\\n1-3. Slowly pull your hands apart about 10 centimetres or 2 inches, then slowly push them back together again, but do not let your finger tips touch.\\nIf your hands touch, you can no longer feel the aura. The aura leaving each of your hands will form a zone of resistance between your hands, which you should be able to feel as your hands are moving toward one another. It will feel as if you are holding a balloon between your hands, and as your hands move together, you will feel the balloon \\\"squeeze\\\".\\n1-4. Keep moving your hands slowly in and out, concentrating on feeling an imaginary \\\"balloon\\\" between your hands until you feel the resistance.\\nOnce you've discovered this resistance, you are now feeling your aura. You can now start moving your hands father apart, then back together again slightly to create a bigger balloon. With a little practice, you can feel your aura between your outstretched hands, with your hands as much as 100 centimetres or 36 inches apart. \\nYou can meditate to improve your psychic abilities. It can help you to hear your inner voice and block out all the other interfering energy or noise.\\nMeditation helps to remove your negative programs and blocks or things that hold you back.\\nIf you have trouble meditating, you can download some audio and listen to it.\\nTips\\nIt is much harder to feel someone else's aura, possibly because the energy waves are not in sync. The energy field of the aura between your own hands, is in perfect sync, so the resistance is far more powerful.\\nThis works because as the aura's energy leaves both your left and right hand, the energy field between your hands is moving in opposite directions, so it creates a \\\"pressure zone\\\" between your hands. As your hands move toward each other, you'll \\\"squeeze\\\" this pressure zone and feel resistance. It's exactly as if you're holding and squeezing a balloon. Try experimenting with this pressure zone, and see how far apart you can have your hands, yet still feel your aura.\\nWarnings\\nThis might frighten you the first time it works. It's an odd sensation to suddenly feel something you cannot see. This is very normal and it is a part of your natural being. Whether or not you consider this a \\\"psychic ability\\\", you're simply being introduced to a new sensation that has been with you your entire life.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"An aura is an energy field that radiates out from your entire body. It's radiance has been photographed, and has a very different image than body heat escaping from the body. People have auras of varying intensity and color, which trained mediums attempt to feel, see and decipher.\\n\\nAlthough it's challenging to feel and see another person's aura (video below), it is not at all difficult to feel your own. Following is the simplest way to feel your own aura.\\n\\nAnother way is to rub your hands together quickly, and then bring them slowly apart. This will help you form a sort of ball between your hands. This is your auric energy.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be totally relaxed.\", \"描述\": \"It works best if you are lying down flat on your back, comfortable with your head on a pillow. A great time to try this is once you're off to bed. Close your eyes and relax.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Rest your elbows at your sides to take the weight of your arms.\", \"描述\": \"Then bring both of your hands together above your belly so that the finger tips of your left hand are touching the finger tips of your right hand. It will almost look like you're praying. When your hands are completely relaxed, your fingers will naturally bend, they should not be forced straight. When your finger tips are touching with your hands relaxed, there should be enough space between your palms that you could hold a soft ball in your hands. This is the starting position.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Slowly pull your hands apart about 10 centimetres or 2 inches, then slowly push them back together again, but do not let your finger tips touch.\", \"描述\": \"If your hands touch, you can no longer feel the aura. The aura leaving each of your hands will form a zone of resistance between your hands, which you should be able to feel as your hands are moving toward one another. It will feel as if you are holding a balloon between your hands, and as your hands move together, you will feel the balloon \\\"squeeze\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Keep moving your hands slowly in and out, concentrating on feeling an imaginary \\\"balloon\\\" between your hands until you feel the resistance.\", \"描述\": \"Once you've discovered this resistance, you are now feeling your aura. You can now start moving your hands father apart, then back together again slightly to create a bigger balloon. With a little practice, you can feel your aura between your outstretched hands, with your hands as much as 100 centimetres or 36 inches apart. \\nYou can meditate to improve your psychic abilities. It can help you to hear your inner voice and block out all the other interfering energy or noise.\\nMeditation helps to remove your negative programs and blocks or things that hold you back.\\nIf you have trouble meditating, you can download some audio and listen to it.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"It is much harder to feel someone else's aura, possibly because the energy waves are not in sync. The energy field of the aura between your own hands, is in perfect sync, so the resistance is far more powerful.\\n\", \"This works because as the aura's energy leaves both your left and right hand, the energy field between your hands is moving in opposite directions, so it creates a \\\"pressure zone\\\" between your hands. As your hands move toward each other, you'll \\\"squeeze\\\" this pressure zone and feel resistance. It's exactly as if you're holding and squeezing a balloon. Try experimenting with this pressure zone, and see how far apart you can have your hands, yet still feel your aura.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"This might frighten you the first time it works. It's an odd sensation to suddenly feel something you cannot see. This is very normal and it is a part of your natural being. Whether or not you consider this a \\\"psychic ability\\\", you're simply being introduced to a new sensation that has been with you your entire life.\\n\"]}]}}",
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} | wikihow |
3,288 | How to Awaken the Kundalini | 1. Preparation through breathing
1-1. Relax first and breathe softly.
The initial goal is to find the air-bags before trying to find the gateway.
1-2. Adopt a soft abdominal breathing.
This is the easiest way to look for the hidden gateway.
When you inhale, the airbag around your lungs pushes into the airbag around your abdominal and pelvic organs. There is gas inside the tube and loops of the intestines.
1-3. Let the airbag around your lungs come to equilibrium with the airbag of your abdomen.
1-4. Find the kidneys.
Between the two airbags and a little behind the lower bag membrane named the peritoneum are the kidneys.
1-5. Contact the kidneys with the inhalation and then release both airbags at the same time.
This will massage the kidneys. Keep your eyes closed.
1-6. Put the adrenal glands on the kidneys...
like riders on a horse.
Chant "Num Mum Yum Pa'Hum".
As you inhale let the two bags make contact.
As you exhale and chant, feel for the vibration of the right adrenal, the right kidney, the left kidney, and the left adrenal.
The adrenals are the key organs of the front petals of Manipura chakra. The name, "city of jewels", refers to the great power of cortisol which gives five thousand regulatory genes access to the inner body and the world around us. Come into the body and come into the present moment.
1-7. Rub across your low back and lower ribs with the back of both palms if your kidneys are still aching or feel stuck.
1-8. Adopt a position of comfort.
Remove any discomfort and resist the need to sit rigid.
1-9. Lift both arms above your head, stretch the thumbs, and rotate the arms back and out.
You should consciously feel your lungs respond to the thumbs.
1-10. Reach your index finger to the sky and let the large intestine dangle from the side of the ribcage.
1-11. Lift your collarbones to suspend the kidneys, then press and rotate the ball of each foot.
1-12. Take your awareness back to the two airbags and the kidney/adrenal sandwich and feel the sensation.
1-13. Start to release the diaphragm but don't exhale all at once.
Instead, tuck your chin just a little and find jalandhara bandha, a gentle throat position which will help guide you to a slow exhalation.
1-14. Inhale, touch the two bags, and rest the chin, tongue, palate, sinuses on top of the stack along with the third bag—the bag of the brain and spinal cord.
1-15. Exhale slowly, feeling the top of your lungs fill and buoy upwards.
Imagine building wings with each exhalation and imagine that the wing lift the top of your lungs and keep going.
1-16. Inhale, touch the pleural bag of the chest to the peritoneal bag of the abdomen and pelvis.
1-17. Exhale and let the third bag lift above the top of the nose.
For this, the third bag should be known to be the dural bag of the brain and spinal cord
1-18. Breathe again, letting the dural bag expand under the dome of the inside of the top of the head.
1-19. Let the bag of the spinal cord lift off from the bones of the spine and back.
2. Accessing the central channel
2-1. Begin the hunt for the hidden entrance to the central channel.
2-2. Find a vibration at the tip of the coccyx.
2-3. Close your eyes and chant "Vum Vum Vum Vum."
This will access the front petal of Muladhara which "Bestows mobility and the ability to make others as sweet and pure as water."
Your anchor, the coccyx, will feel mobile, floating along in the shallows, barely touching the sand.
2-4. Feel the vibration move up the bones of the spine as you chant "Vum."
2-5. Imagine you are a musical instrument that spreads sweetness and you are surrounded by kindness from everyone.
2-6. Chant "Shum Shum Shum Shum."
You should find the vibration in the entire bone of the sacrum.
Feel the craniosacral wave start rising up the spine and rocking the occiput.
Feel the third bag, the craniosacral bag, full of fluid, surging upwards and settling back down.
2-7. Let the brain sink down into the water and float.
2-8. Imagine a large balloon the size of the airbag of the abdomen and pelvis.
2-9. Let the air out slowly, holding the neck of the balloon and stretching it just a bit.
This will allow you to point the little jet at whatever you want.
2-10. Lift your pelvic area a little bit and squeeze the anal sphincters just enough to feel or visualize a ring.
These are the muscles that control the nozzle and stream of air as you exhale.
2-11. Let the two airbags touch with a soft inhalation.
2-12. Feel the kidneys in the sandwich and let the chin rest on air.
2-13. Draw the third bag of the brain and spinal draw forward a bit and lift the spinal cord just a bit.
2-14. Lift the pelvic floor, engage the sphincter rings and start the slow exhale.
The nozzle of the belly-bag-balloon points backwards and the little jet blows the dust off the stone column of the front of the spine.
2-15. Blow the jet of the abdominal balloon backwards from the hollow of the front of the upper sacrum, along the convexity of the lower lumbar spine.
2-16. Search for the hidden door to the central channel.
Search all the way to the inside of the belly button and back down.
2-17. Put both palms over your belly and feel for a tingle.
2-18. Push in and send a full exhale cloud in after it if you think you've found a hidden latch.
When in doubt, with your eyes closed, look up!
If you see a wall, push through it.
If you see a main road, drive on it.
Look up!
2-19. Inhale and rest the three bags.
2-20. Engage the pelvic muscles and this time, from the left side exhale towards the midline, just below the navel.
2-21. Repeat.
2-22. Chant " Bum Ba'Hum Mum...
Yum Rum Lum." These are the sounds of the six lotus petals of Svadhisthana chakra. From the right ovary to the appendix to the right kidney; the left kidney, left descending colon and left ovary.
2-23. Pray "Lum Lum Lum Lum" for the grace of God, Savior of the universe.
2-24. Inhale and, from the left side, exhale towards the center line.
2-25. Inhale and let the three bags rest.
2-26. Descend your awareness down the spine.
Imagine the sound of a silent "H."
When you exhale, let your lower abdominal move back quickly. Imagine flipping a pancake.
2-27. Exhale forward, up, and loop it back around with the jet blowing from in front of the abdominal wall, through the wall and all the way back to the front of the spinal column.
If you feel an itch, exhale again right at it, millimeter-by-millimeter, drilling towards the goal.
Tips
Practice soft-belly breathing lying down or sitting up while keeping your eyes closed.
The best time of day is just before dawn and the best position is facing east, waiting for the dawn.
Warnings
The power of Kundalini is not to be toyed with and can easily get out of control. Proceed with utmost caution.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:41",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparation through breathing\\n1-1. Relax first and breathe softly.\\nThe initial goal is to find the air-bags before trying to find the gateway.\\n1-2. Adopt a soft abdominal breathing.\\nThis is the easiest way to look for the hidden gateway.\\nWhen you inhale, the airbag around your lungs pushes into the airbag around your abdominal and pelvic organs. There is gas inside the tube and loops of the intestines.\\n1-3. Let the airbag around your lungs come to equilibrium with the airbag of your abdomen.\\n\\n1-4. Find the kidneys.\\nBetween the two airbags and a little behind the lower bag membrane named the peritoneum are the kidneys.\\n1-5. Contact the kidneys with the inhalation and then release both airbags at the same time.\\nThis will massage the kidneys. Keep your eyes closed.\\n1-6. Put the adrenal glands on the kidneys...\\nlike riders on a horse.\\nChant \\\"Num Mum Yum Pa'Hum\\\".\\nAs you inhale let the two bags make contact.\\nAs you exhale and chant, feel for the vibration of the right adrenal, the right kidney, the left kidney, and the left adrenal. \\nThe adrenals are the key organs of the front petals of Manipura chakra. The name, \\\"city of jewels\\\", refers to the great power of cortisol which gives five thousand regulatory genes access to the inner body and the world around us. Come into the body and come into the present moment.\\n1-7. Rub across your low back and lower ribs with the back of both palms if your kidneys are still aching or feel stuck.\\n\\n1-8. Adopt a position of comfort.\\nRemove any discomfort and resist the need to sit rigid.\\n1-9. Lift both arms above your head, stretch the thumbs, and rotate the arms back and out.\\nYou should consciously feel your lungs respond to the thumbs.\\n1-10. Reach your index finger to the sky and let the large intestine dangle from the side of the ribcage.\\n\\n1-11. Lift your collarbones to suspend the kidneys, then press and rotate the ball of each foot.\\n\\n1-12. Take your awareness back to the two airbags and the kidney/adrenal sandwich and feel the sensation.\\n\\n1-13. Start to release the diaphragm but don't exhale all at once.\\nInstead, tuck your chin just a little and find jalandhara bandha, a gentle throat position which will help guide you to a slow exhalation.\\n1-14. Inhale, touch the two bags, and rest the chin, tongue, palate, sinuses on top of the stack along with the third bag—the bag of the brain and spinal cord.\\n\\n1-15. Exhale slowly, feeling the top of your lungs fill and buoy upwards.\\nImagine building wings with each exhalation and imagine that the wing lift the top of your lungs and keep going.\\n1-16. Inhale, touch the pleural bag of the chest to the peritoneal bag of the abdomen and pelvis.\\n\\n1-17. Exhale and let the third bag lift above the top of the nose.\\nFor this, the third bag should be known to be the dural bag of the brain and spinal cord\\n1-18. Breathe again, letting the dural bag expand under the dome of the inside of the top of the head.\\n\\n1-19. Let the bag of the spinal cord lift off from the bones of the spine and back.\\n\\n2. Accessing the central channel\\n2-1. Begin the hunt for the hidden entrance to the central channel.\\n\\n2-2. Find a vibration at the tip of the coccyx.\\n\\n2-3. Close your eyes and chant \\\"Vum Vum Vum Vum.\\\"\\nThis will access the front petal of Muladhara which \\\"Bestows mobility and the ability to make others as sweet and pure as water.\\\"\\nYour anchor, the coccyx, will feel mobile, floating along in the shallows, barely touching the sand.\\n2-4. Feel the vibration move up the bones of the spine as you chant \\\"Vum.\\\"\\n\\n2-5. Imagine you are a musical instrument that spreads sweetness and you are surrounded by kindness from everyone.\\n\\n2-6. Chant \\\"Shum Shum Shum Shum.\\\"\\nYou should find the vibration in the entire bone of the sacrum.\\nFeel the craniosacral wave start rising up the spine and rocking the occiput.\\nFeel the third bag, the craniosacral bag, full of fluid, surging upwards and settling back down.\\n2-7. Let the brain sink down into the water and float.\\n\\n2-8. Imagine a large balloon the size of the airbag of the abdomen and pelvis.\\n\\n2-9. Let the air out slowly, holding the neck of the balloon and stretching it just a bit.\\nThis will allow you to point the little jet at whatever you want.\\n2-10. Lift your pelvic area a little bit and squeeze the anal sphincters just enough to feel or visualize a ring.\\nThese are the muscles that control the nozzle and stream of air as you exhale.\\n2-11. Let the two airbags touch with a soft inhalation.\\n\\n2-12. Feel the kidneys in the sandwich and let the chin rest on air.\\n\\n2-13. Draw the third bag of the brain and spinal draw forward a bit and lift the spinal cord just a bit.\\n\\n2-14. Lift the pelvic floor, engage the sphincter rings and start the slow exhale.\\nThe nozzle of the belly-bag-balloon points backwards and the little jet blows the dust off the stone column of the front of the spine.\\n2-15. Blow the jet of the abdominal balloon backwards from the hollow of the front of the upper sacrum, along the convexity of the lower lumbar spine.\\n\\n2-16. Search for the hidden door to the central channel.\\nSearch all the way to the inside of the belly button and back down.\\n2-17. Put both palms over your belly and feel for a tingle.\\n\\n2-18. Push in and send a full exhale cloud in after it if you think you've found a hidden latch.\\nWhen in doubt, with your eyes closed, look up!\\nIf you see a wall, push through it.\\nIf you see a main road, drive on it.\\nLook up!\\n2-19. Inhale and rest the three bags.\\n\\n2-20. Engage the pelvic muscles and this time, from the left side exhale towards the midline, just below the navel.\\n\\n2-21. Repeat.\\n\\n2-22. Chant \\\" Bum Ba'Hum Mum...\\nYum Rum Lum.\\\" These are the sounds of the six lotus petals of Svadhisthana chakra. From the right ovary to the appendix to the right kidney; the left kidney, left descending colon and left ovary.\\n2-23. Pray \\\"Lum Lum Lum Lum\\\" for the grace of God, Savior of the universe.\\n\\n2-24. Inhale and, from the left side, exhale towards the center line.\\n\\n2-25. Inhale and let the three bags rest.\\n\\n2-26. Descend your awareness down the spine.\\nImagine the sound of a silent \\\"H.\\\"\\nWhen you exhale, let your lower abdominal move back quickly. Imagine flipping a pancake.\\n2-27. Exhale forward, up, and loop it back around with the jet blowing from in front of the abdominal wall, through the wall and all the way back to the front of the spinal column.\\nIf you feel an itch, exhale again right at it, millimeter-by-millimeter, drilling towards the goal.\\nTips\\nPractice soft-belly breathing lying down or sitting up while keeping your eyes closed.\\nThe best time of day is just before dawn and the best position is facing east, waiting for the dawn.\\nWarnings\\nThe power of Kundalini is not to be toyed with and can easily get out of control. Proceed with utmost caution.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Kundalini is a primal energy, which is awakened through meditative and yogic practices. It can be regarded as the source-mother of energies and its awakening unleashes a power which can be transformative. Its awakening opens a gateway to deep meditative states or to powerfully disruptive states. Unlocking the kundalini allows access to the central channel and is best accomplished under the guidance of a guru who is well versed in the process, but you can attempt the journey on your own.The power unleashed in this process is unimaginable and is not easy to control. Be sure you are ready! Otherwise, enlist a guru to guide your journey and watch over you.Make sure to read the warnings at the end of the article before proceeding.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparation through breathing\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Relax first and breathe softly.\", \"描述\": \"The initial goal is to find the air-bags before trying to find the gateway.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Adopt a soft abdominal breathing.\", \"描述\": \"This is the easiest way to look for the hidden gateway.\\nWhen you inhale, the airbag around your lungs pushes into the airbag around your abdominal and pelvic organs. There is gas inside the tube and loops of the intestines.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Let the airbag around your lungs come to equilibrium with the airbag of your abdomen.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find the kidneys.\", \"描述\": \"Between the two airbags and a little behind the lower bag membrane named the peritoneum are the kidneys.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Contact the kidneys with the inhalation and then release both airbags at the same time.\", \"描述\": \"This will massage the kidneys. Keep your eyes closed.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Put the adrenal glands on the kidneys...\", \"描述\": \"like riders on a horse.\\nChant \\\"Num Mum Yum Pa'Hum\\\".\\nAs you inhale let the two bags make contact.\\nAs you exhale and chant, feel for the vibration of the right adrenal, the right kidney, the left kidney, and the left adrenal. \\nThe adrenals are the key organs of the front petals of Manipura chakra. The name, \\\"city of jewels\\\", refers to the great power of cortisol which gives five thousand regulatory genes access to the inner body and the world around us. Come into the body and come into the present moment.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Rub across your low back and lower ribs with the back of both palms if your kidneys are still aching or feel stuck.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Adopt a position of comfort.\", \"描述\": \"Remove any discomfort and resist the need to sit rigid.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Lift both arms above your head, stretch the thumbs, and rotate the arms back and out.\", \"描述\": \"You should consciously feel your lungs respond to the thumbs.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Reach your index finger to the sky and let the large intestine dangle from the side of the ribcage.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Lift your collarbones to suspend the kidneys, then press and rotate the ball of each foot.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Take your awareness back to the two airbags and the kidney/adrenal sandwich and feel the sensation.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 13, \"标题\": \"Start to release the diaphragm but don't exhale all at once.\", \"描述\": \"Instead, tuck your chin just a little and find jalandhara bandha, a gentle throat position which will help guide you to a slow exhalation.\"}, {\"编号\": 14, \"标题\": \"Inhale, touch the two bags, and rest the chin, tongue, palate, sinuses on top of the stack along with the third bag—the bag of the brain and spinal cord.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 15, \"标题\": \"Exhale slowly, feeling the top of your lungs fill and buoy upwards.\", \"描述\": \"Imagine building wings with each exhalation and imagine that the wing lift the top of your lungs and keep going.\"}, {\"编号\": 16, \"标题\": \"Inhale, touch the pleural bag of the chest to the peritoneal bag of the abdomen and pelvis.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 17, \"标题\": \"Exhale and let the third bag lift above the top of the nose.\", \"描述\": \"For this, the third bag should be known to be the dural bag of the brain and spinal cord\"}, {\"编号\": 18, \"标题\": \"Breathe again, letting the dural bag expand under the dome of the inside of the top of the head.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 19, \"标题\": \"Let the bag of the spinal cord lift off from the bones of the spine and back.\", \"描述\": \"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Accessing the central channel\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Begin the hunt for the hidden entrance to the central channel.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find a vibration at the tip of the coccyx.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Close your eyes and chant \\\"Vum Vum Vum Vum.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"This will access the front petal of Muladhara which \\\"Bestows mobility and the ability to make others as sweet and pure as water.\\\"\\nYour anchor, the coccyx, will feel mobile, floating along in the shallows, barely touching the sand.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Feel the vibration move up the bones of the spine as you chant \\\"Vum.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Imagine you are a musical instrument that spreads sweetness and you are surrounded by kindness from everyone.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Chant \\\"Shum Shum Shum Shum.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"You should find the vibration in the entire bone of the sacrum.\\nFeel the craniosacral wave start rising up the spine and rocking the occiput.\\nFeel the third bag, the craniosacral bag, full of fluid, surging upwards and settling back down.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Let the brain sink down into the water and float.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Imagine a large balloon the size of the airbag of the abdomen and pelvis.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Let the air out slowly, holding the neck of the balloon and stretching it just a bit.\", \"描述\": \"This will allow you to point the little jet at whatever you want.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Lift your pelvic area a little bit and squeeze the anal sphincters just enough to feel or visualize a ring.\", \"描述\": \"These are the muscles that control the nozzle and stream of air as you exhale.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Let the two airbags touch with a soft inhalation.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Feel the kidneys in the sandwich and let the chin rest on air.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 13, \"标题\": \"Draw the third bag of the brain and spinal draw forward a bit and lift the spinal cord just a bit.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 14, \"标题\": \"Lift the pelvic floor, engage the sphincter rings and start the slow exhale.\", \"描述\": \"The nozzle of the belly-bag-balloon points backwards and the little jet blows the dust off the stone column of the front of the spine.\"}, {\"编号\": 15, \"标题\": \"Blow the jet of the abdominal balloon backwards from the hollow of the front of the upper sacrum, along the convexity of the lower lumbar spine.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 16, \"标题\": \"Search for the hidden door to the central channel.\", \"描述\": \"Search all the way to the inside of the belly button and back down.\"}, {\"编号\": 17, \"标题\": \"Put both palms over your belly and feel for a tingle.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 18, \"标题\": \"Push in and send a full exhale cloud in after it if you think you've found a hidden latch.\", \"描述\": \"When in doubt, with your eyes closed, look up!\\nIf you see a wall, push through it.\\nIf you see a main road, drive on it.\\nLook up!\"}, {\"编号\": 19, \"标题\": \"Inhale and rest the three bags.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 20, \"标题\": \"Engage the pelvic muscles and this time, from the left side exhale towards the midline, just below the navel.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 21, \"标题\": \"Repeat.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 22, \"标题\": \"Chant \\\" Bum Ba'Hum Mum...\", \"描述\": \"Yum Rum Lum.\\\" These are the sounds of the six lotus petals of Svadhisthana chakra. From the right ovary to the appendix to the right kidney; the left kidney, left descending colon and left ovary.\"}, {\"编号\": 23, \"标题\": \"Pray \\\"Lum Lum Lum Lum\\\" for the grace of God, Savior of the universe.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 24, \"标题\": \"Inhale and, from the left side, exhale towards the center line.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 25, \"标题\": \"Inhale and let the three bags rest.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 26, \"标题\": \"Descend your awareness down the spine.\", \"描述\": \"Imagine the sound of a silent \\\"H.\\\"\\nWhen you exhale, let your lower abdominal move back quickly. Imagine flipping a pancake.\"}, {\"编号\": 27, \"标题\": \"Exhale forward, up, and loop it back around with the jet blowing from in front of the abdominal wall, through the wall and all the way back to the front of the spinal column.\", \"描述\": \"If you feel an itch, exhale again right at it, millimeter-by-millimeter, drilling towards the goal.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Practice soft-belly breathing lying down or sitting up while keeping your eyes closed.\\n\", \"The best time of day is just before dawn and the best position is facing east, waiting for the dawn.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"The power of Kundalini is not to be toyed with and can easily get out of control. Proceed with utmost caution.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,289 | What Does “Awww” Mean? | 1. What does “awww” mean?
1-1. “Awww” is used in response to something cute.
If someone thinks something is adorable, sweet, or downright cute, they’ll make an “awww” sound. This sound can be written out while texting to express the same.
For example, if you send a picture of a puppy to your partner, they may respond with “Awww! My heart 🥺” or “AWWW SO CUTE!”
1-2. “Awww” expresses admiration or approval.
This word is often used to say, “I like it!” or “Way to go!” It’s an exclamation of the fuzzy, warm feeling you get when you’re proud of someone or something.
For example, if you send a message to your mom saying you aced a test, she might reply with an “Awww! See? I knew you could do it!”
2. How to Respond to “Awww”
2-1. Reply with a sweet remark.
If you’re texting or talking to your significant other, return their sentiments with something sweet. Maybe that’s a compliment or a simple thank you like, “Thanks, baby.”
“You’re just saying that so I’ll blush 🥰”
“I look this good thanks to you. My girlfriend’s the best stylist in town!”
2-2. Text them back a 😊 or 😉.
You can’t go wrong with an emoji, especially if you’re not sure what to say. Keep it casual with a classic smiley face emoji if you're texting a friend. But, if you’re texting a crush or partner, spice things up with a wink emoji or even a kissing emoji.
“See? Cute bunnies fix any problem 😊”
“I thought you’d think the puppy’s cute 😉”
“I’m much cuter in person 😘”
2-3. Express how cute you think something is.
Say you’ve been sent or shown a video of the most adorable puppy you’ve ever seen. Share with a friend, crush, or partner that you think what they think is cute is totally cute too!
“My heart’s melting 😍”
“Isn’t that the cutest thing you’ve ever seen?”
2-4. Give them a big smile.
If you’re chatting IRL and they say “awww,” smile back to say, “Gosh, you’re adorable.” This is perfect for hanging out with your crush or snuggling close to your significant other. Plus, no words are needed!
3. How to Use “Awww”
3-1. React to a cute picture with an “awww.”
Use this expression to respond if you’ve been sent or shown the most adorable picture of a pet or family member. Your reaction will let them know that you think their dog or nephew is the cutest thing ever!
3-2. Send an “awww” when you’re being supportive.
If your best friend or partner sends you a text about a recent success, reply with an “awww” to show how much you care. You support them, and this exclamation is a great way to express that.
“Awww! Congrats🎉 You’re going to be amazing in the show!”
“Awww! I’m SO proud of you!! All that hard work is paying off 😄”
3-3. Say “awww” when someone or something is adorable.
Let your “awww” come naturally whenever you see something cute. This way, everyone will know that something’s so cute you might just explode!
“Awww! Look at the baby dolphin.”
“Awww! He’s wearing his new tux.”
“Awww! Did you see how he ran to her?”
3-4. Text or say “Awww-yeah!” when things are going your way.
This common phrase uses the sound of “awww” paired with a triumphant “yeah” to say, “Alright!” or “Let’s go!” Use this exciting phrase when you’re feeling great or have received good news.
“Awww-yeah! We’re going to LA, baby!”
“Awww-yeah! Nothing’s going to stop me now!”
“Awww-yeah! This day is going to be perfect.”
Tips
More ws can be added to an “awww” if something’s extra cute or adorable.[4]
X
Research source
“Aww” and “awe” sound the same, but they have different meanings.[5]
X
Research source
Unlike “aww,” “awe” is a noun that expresses fear, dread, or fascination.
"Awww" and "aww" are used interchangeably when texting and mean the same thing.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:41",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. What does “awww” mean?\\n1-1. “Awww” is used in response to something cute.\\nIf someone thinks something is adorable, sweet, or downright cute, they’ll make an “awww” sound. This sound can be written out while texting to express the same.\\nFor example, if you send a picture of a puppy to your partner, they may respond with “Awww! My heart 🥺” or “AWWW SO CUTE!”\\n1-2. “Awww” expresses admiration or approval.\\nThis word is often used to say, “I like it!” or “Way to go!” It’s an exclamation of the fuzzy, warm feeling you get when you’re proud of someone or something.\\nFor example, if you send a message to your mom saying you aced a test, she might reply with an “Awww! See? I knew you could do it!”\\n2. How to Respond to “Awww”\\n2-1. Reply with a sweet remark.\\nIf you’re texting or talking to your significant other, return their sentiments with something sweet. Maybe that’s a compliment or a simple thank you like, “Thanks, baby.”\\n“You’re just saying that so I’ll blush 🥰”\\n“I look this good thanks to you. My girlfriend’s the best stylist in town!”\\n2-2. Text them back a 😊 or 😉.\\nYou can’t go wrong with an emoji, especially if you’re not sure what to say. Keep it casual with a classic smiley face emoji if you're texting a friend. But, if you’re texting a crush or partner, spice things up with a wink emoji or even a kissing emoji.\\n“See? Cute bunnies fix any problem 😊”\\n“I thought you’d think the puppy’s cute 😉”\\n“I’m much cuter in person 😘”\\n2-3. Express how cute you think something is.\\nSay you’ve been sent or shown a video of the most adorable puppy you’ve ever seen. Share with a friend, crush, or partner that you think what they think is cute is totally cute too!\\n“My heart’s melting 😍”\\n“Isn’t that the cutest thing you’ve ever seen?”\\n2-4. Give them a big smile.\\nIf you’re chatting IRL and they say “awww,” smile back to say, “Gosh, you’re adorable.” This is perfect for hanging out with your crush or snuggling close to your significant other. Plus, no words are needed!\\n3. How to Use “Awww”\\n3-1. React to a cute picture with an “awww.”\\nUse this expression to respond if you’ve been sent or shown the most adorable picture of a pet or family member. Your reaction will let them know that you think their dog or nephew is the cutest thing ever!\\n3-2. Send an “awww” when you’re being supportive.\\nIf your best friend or partner sends you a text about a recent success, reply with an “awww” to show how much you care. You support them, and this exclamation is a great way to express that.\\n“Awww! Congrats🎉 You’re going to be amazing in the show!”\\n“Awww! I’m SO proud of you!! All that hard work is paying off 😄”\\n3-3. Say “awww” when someone or something is adorable.\\nLet your “awww” come naturally whenever you see something cute. This way, everyone will know that something’s so cute you might just explode!\\n“Awww! Look at the baby dolphin.”\\n“Awww! He’s wearing his new tux.”\\n“Awww! Did you see how he ran to her?”\\n3-4. Text or say “Awww-yeah!” when things are going your way.\\nThis common phrase uses the sound of “awww” paired with a triumphant “yeah” to say, “Alright!” or “Let’s go!” Use this exciting phrase when you’re feeling great or have received good news.\\n“Awww-yeah! We’re going to LA, baby!”\\n“Awww-yeah! Nothing’s going to stop me now!”\\n“Awww-yeah! This day is going to be perfect.”\\nTips\\nMore ws can be added to an “awww” if something’s extra cute or adorable.[4]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n“Aww” and “awe” sound the same, but they have different meanings.[5]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Unlike “aww,” “awe” is a noun that expresses fear, dread, or fascination.\\n\\\"Awww\\\" and \\\"aww\\\" are used interchangeably when texting and mean the same thing.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"So, you’ve just gotten a text from your crush that says “awww”—what does it mean? How should you respond? Have no fear because we’ve got everything you need to know about the word “awww,” from texting to IRL conversations. Keep reading to learn what “awww” means and more.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"What does “awww” mean?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"“Awww” is used in response to something cute.\", \"描述\": \"If someone thinks something is adorable, sweet, or downright cute, they’ll make an “awww” sound. This sound can be written out while texting to express the same.\\nFor example, if you send a picture of a puppy to your partner, they may respond with “Awww! My heart 🥺” or “AWWW SO CUTE!”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"“Awww” expresses admiration or approval.\", \"描述\": \"This word is often used to say, “I like it!” or “Way to go!” It’s an exclamation of the fuzzy, warm feeling you get when you’re proud of someone or something.\\nFor example, if you send a message to your mom saying you aced a test, she might reply with an “Awww! See? I knew you could do it!”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"How to Respond to “Awww”\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Reply with a sweet remark.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re texting or talking to your significant other, return their sentiments with something sweet. Maybe that’s a compliment or a simple thank you like, “Thanks, baby.”\\n“You’re just saying that so I’ll blush 🥰”\\n“I look this good thanks to you. My girlfriend’s the best stylist in town!”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Text them back a 😊 or 😉.\", \"描述\": \"You can’t go wrong with an emoji, especially if you’re not sure what to say. Keep it casual with a classic smiley face emoji if you're texting a friend. But, if you’re texting a crush or partner, spice things up with a wink emoji or even a kissing emoji.\\n“See? Cute bunnies fix any problem 😊”\\n“I thought you’d think the puppy’s cute 😉”\\n“I’m much cuter in person 😘”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Express how cute you think something is.\", \"描述\": \"Say you’ve been sent or shown a video of the most adorable puppy you’ve ever seen. Share with a friend, crush, or partner that you think what they think is cute is totally cute too!\\n“My heart’s melting 😍”\\n“Isn’t that the cutest thing you’ve ever seen?”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Give them a big smile.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re chatting IRL and they say “awww,” smile back to say, “Gosh, you’re adorable.” This is perfect for hanging out with your crush or snuggling close to your significant other. Plus, no words are needed!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"How to Use “Awww”\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"React to a cute picture with an “awww.”\", \"描述\": \"Use this expression to respond if you’ve been sent or shown the most adorable picture of a pet or family member. Your reaction will let them know that you think their dog or nephew is the cutest thing ever!\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Send an “awww” when you’re being supportive.\", \"描述\": \"If your best friend or partner sends you a text about a recent success, reply with an “awww” to show how much you care. You support them, and this exclamation is a great way to express that.\\n“Awww! Congrats🎉 You’re going to be amazing in the show!”\\n“Awww! I’m SO proud of you!! All that hard work is paying off 😄”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Say “awww” when someone or something is adorable.\", \"描述\": \"Let your “awww” come naturally whenever you see something cute. This way, everyone will know that something’s so cute you might just explode!\\n“Awww! Look at the baby dolphin.”\\n“Awww! He’s wearing his new tux.”\\n“Awww! Did you see how he ran to her?”\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Text or say “Awww-yeah!” when things are going your way.\", \"描述\": \"This common phrase uses the sound of “awww” paired with a triumphant “yeah” to say, “Alright!” or “Let’s go!” Use this exciting phrase when you’re feeling great or have received good news.\\n“Awww-yeah! We’re going to LA, baby!”\\n“Awww-yeah! Nothing’s going to stop me now!”\\n“Awww-yeah! This day is going to be perfect.”\"}], \"小提示\": [\"More ws can be added to an “awww” if something’s extra cute or adorable.[4]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"“Aww” and “awe” sound the same, but they have different meanings.[5]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Unlike “aww,” “awe” is a noun that expresses fear, dread, or fascination.\\n\", \"\\\"Awww\\\" and \\\"aww\\\" are used interchangeably when texting and mean the same thing.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,290 | Are “Axel” and “Axle” the Same Thing? What You Need to Know | 1. What does axel mean?
1-1. “Axel” is a jump in figure skating.
This jump style requires the skater to jump forward with their knees bent and land backward after one or more turns. The jump was named after the Norwegian skater Axel Paulsen after he landed it for the first time in the 1882 World Championships.
Did you know that the axel is the only style of jump where a skater starts in a forward motion?
A double axel means the skater turns 2 times in the air before landing, and a triple axel requires 3 turns.
1-2. “Axel” can be a person’s name.
The name Axel has Old German origins and is the Medieval Danish form of Absalom. It means “father of peace” or “divine source of life.” Axel became a popular name in 2018 and was in the top 80 baby names in 2020.
Famous characters named Axel appear in William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom, the TV show The Middle, and Jules Verne’s Journey to the Center of the Earth.
2. What does axle mean?
“Axle” is a rod that connects 2 wheels.
This word is often used when discussing cars or other vehicles, as the axle is what allows wheels to turn. For example, you may see the word used as follows:
The mechanic needed to fix the axles of the car.
As I drove over the curb, the rear axle snapped, and the back left wheel came off.
The wheels of a vehicle spin on an axle.
3. Can someone write “axel” and mean “axle”?
Yes, “axel” and “axle” are often confused because they’re heterographs.
This means the words have the same sound but different spellings and meanings. If you’re texting someone and they type “axel,” but the context suggests the meaning of “axle” (or vice versa), chances are they just misspelled the word.
Heterographs are words pronounced similarly but have different spellings and meanings. For instance, “to,” “too,” and “two” are heterographs.
4. Is axis and axle the same thing?
Technically, an axis isn’t an axle, but they are similar.
An “axis” is a real or imaginary line that runs through the center of an object. As an axle is a rod used to connect 2 wheels, you could say it runs along an axis.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:42",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. What does axel mean?\\n1-1. “Axel” is a jump in figure skating.\\nThis jump style requires the skater to jump forward with their knees bent and land backward after one or more turns. The jump was named after the Norwegian skater Axel Paulsen after he landed it for the first time in the 1882 World Championships.\\nDid you know that the axel is the only style of jump where a skater starts in a forward motion?\\nA double axel means the skater turns 2 times in the air before landing, and a triple axel requires 3 turns.\\n1-2. “Axel” can be a person’s name.\\nThe name Axel has Old German origins and is the Medieval Danish form of Absalom. It means “father of peace” or “divine source of life.” Axel became a popular name in 2018 and was in the top 80 baby names in 2020.\\nFamous characters named Axel appear in William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom, the TV show The Middle, and Jules Verne’s Journey to the Center of the Earth.\\n2. What does axle mean?\\n“Axle” is a rod that connects 2 wheels.\\nThis word is often used when discussing cars or other vehicles, as the axle is what allows wheels to turn. For example, you may see the word used as follows:\\nThe mechanic needed to fix the axles of the car.\\nAs I drove over the curb, the rear axle snapped, and the back left wheel came off.\\nThe wheels of a vehicle spin on an axle.\\n3. Can someone write “axel” and mean “axle”?\\nYes, “axel” and “axle” are often confused because they’re heterographs.\\nThis means the words have the same sound but different spellings and meanings. If you’re texting someone and they type “axel,” but the context suggests the meaning of “axle” (or vice versa), chances are they just misspelled the word.\\nHeterographs are words pronounced similarly but have different spellings and meanings. For instance, “to,” “too,” and “two” are heterographs.\\n4. Is axis and axle the same thing?\\nTechnically, an axis isn’t an axle, but they are similar.\\nAn “axis” is a real or imaginary line that runs through the center of an object. As an axle is a rod used to connect 2 wheels, you could say it runs along an axis.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"We get it! Words that sound the same but are spelled differently can be wildly confusing. Thankfully, we’re here to help! In this quick guide, we’ll explain what “axel” and “axle” mean and whether or not they’re the same thing. With a bit of context, you can determine if you should use the word “axel” or “axle.”\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"What does axel mean?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"“Axel” is a jump in figure skating.\", \"描述\": \"This jump style requires the skater to jump forward with their knees bent and land backward after one or more turns. The jump was named after the Norwegian skater Axel Paulsen after he landed it for the first time in the 1882 World Championships.\\nDid you know that the axel is the only style of jump where a skater starts in a forward motion?\\nA double axel means the skater turns 2 times in the air before landing, and a triple axel requires 3 turns.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"“Axel” can be a person’s name.\", \"描述\": \"The name Axel has Old German origins and is the Medieval Danish form of Absalom. It means “father of peace” or “divine source of life.” Axel became a popular name in 2018 and was in the top 80 baby names in 2020.\\nFamous characters named Axel appear in William Faulkner’s Absalom, Absalom, the TV show The Middle, and Jules Verne’s Journey to the Center of the Earth.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"What does axle mean?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"“Axle” is a rod that connects 2 wheels.\", \"描述\": \"This word is often used when discussing cars or other vehicles, as the axle is what allows wheels to turn. For example, you may see the word used as follows:\\nThe mechanic needed to fix the axles of the car.\\nAs I drove over the curb, the rear axle snapped, and the back left wheel came off.\\nThe wheels of a vehicle spin on an axle.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Can someone write “axel” and mean “axle”?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Yes, “axel” and “axle” are often confused because they’re heterographs.\", \"描述\": \"This means the words have the same sound but different spellings and meanings. If you’re texting someone and they type “axel,” but the context suggests the meaning of “axle” (or vice versa), chances are they just misspelled the word.\\nHeterographs are words pronounced similarly but have different spellings and meanings. For instance, “to,” “too,” and “two” are heterographs.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Is axis and axle the same thing?\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Technically, an axis isn’t an axle, but they are similar.\", \"描述\": \"An “axis” is a real or imaginary line that runs through the center of an object. As an axle is a rod used to connect 2 wheels, you could say it runs along an axis.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,291 | How to BBQ Brisket | 1. Making Sure the Brisket is Ready to Grill
1-1. Buy your brisket.
For a moist, juicy barbecued brisket, choose a piece of meat that has a layer of fat approximately ½-inch (1.27-cm) thick on one side. Purchase a 5 to 6 pound (2.25 to 2.75 kg) brisket with a thick layer of fat to ensure a successful barbecue.
For best results, opt for a brisket that's USDA Choice or better meat. Your butcher may not have those pieces of meat on display, so you may need to ask for it. In some cases, you may even need to special order it.
Look for a brisket with visible fat striations to ensure a moist piece of meat.
1-2. Rinse the brisket.
Unwrap your brisket, and allow it to rinse under cold, running water for several minutes. Carefully pat the meat dry with paper towels, and set it aside for a moment.
If the layer of fat on the brisket is thicker than ½-inch (1.27-cm), use a sharp knife to trim it down. You can go as thin as ¼-inch (0.6-cm).
1-3. Combine the spices for the rub and apply to the brisket.
In a small bowl, mix together 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (17 g) of coarse salt, such as kosher or sea salt, 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (7.5 g) of chili powder, 2 teaspoons (4 g) of sugar, 1 teaspoon (2 g) of ground black pepper, and 1 teaspoon (3 g) of ground cumin until well combined. Rub the spice mixture all over the brisket so it’s completely coated.
You can add other spices or seasoning to your rub, depending on your preference. Some options to consider include dry mustard, granulated garlic, cayenne powder, dried oregano, and paprika.
1-4. Wrap the brisket in plastic and cure it in the refrigerator.
Once you’ve rubbed the brisket with the spice mixture, cover it with plastic wrap. Allow it to cure in the refrigerator for 4 to 8 hours so the flavors of the spices have time to penetrate the meat.
You can skip this step if you’re short on time. The brisket will still be flavorful if you cook it right after applying the rub.
2. Setting Up Your Grill
2-1. Soak your wood chips.
To give the brisket a delicious smoky flavor, you need to barbecue it with wood chips. Take 6 cups of hickory or mesquite chips, and soak them for an hour in enough cold water to cover the wood. When the hour is up, drain the water from the chips so they’re ready for the grill.
If you’re using wood chunks in your grill, it isn’t necessary to soak them beforehand. In fact, soaking wood chunks can actually make it take longer to get them burning.
2-2. Light the charcoal in a chimney starter.
When you’re ready to start your grill, place your charcoal in a chimney starter. Use an electric starter or lighter fluid to ignite the coal and allow the pieces to burn until they are red.
2-3. Place the hot coals on either side of the grill.
Once the charcoal pieces are hot and red, add them to the bottom of the grill. However, make sure to create two piles, one on each side of the grill with the center area free of coal.
Some grills have special baskets that are designed for holding the charcoal in piles on either side of the grill. If your model has them, you can place the coals in the baskets.
2-4. Set up a drip pan between the piles of coals.
Fat may cook off the brisket as you barbecue it, and you don’t want it to reach the charcoal. To catch any fat or other debris that may fall off the meat, place a drip pan between the two piles of coal in the center of the grill.
An inexpensive foil pan works well as a drip pan for your grill.
2-5. Add the wood chips and insert the grate.
When the charcoal and drip pan are in place, toss ¾-cup (177 g) of the wood chips on each of the piles of coal, for a total of 1 ½ cups (354 g). Next, place the grate over the charcoal and wood chips to prepare for barbecuing.
3. Cooking and Serving the Brisket
3-1. Place the brisket in a pan.
When you’re ready to barbecue the brisket, remove it from the refrigerator and unwrap it. Set it in an aluminum pan, but be sure that the side with the fat layer is facing up.
If you don’t have a pan for the brisket, you can make your own using two sheets of heavy-duty aluminum foil.
3-2. Set the pan on the grill and barbecue the brisket until it shreds easily.
Place the pan with the brisket in the center of the grate, so it’s not directly over either pile of charcoal and wood chips. Cook the brisket until you can shred it with your fingers, which usually takes between 6 and 8 hours, depending on the size of the brisket.
Make sure to close the grill’s lid to trap the smoke from the wood chips and flavor the meat as it cooks.
It’s important to check on the meat regularly while it barbecues to avoid overcooking it. Pay closer attention when you reach the 6-hour mark, and the meat is closer to being done.
While the brisket is barbecuing, periodically baste the meat with the juices from the bottom of the pan to help add flavor and keep it moist.
You’ll need to add fresh charcoal and wood chips to the grill every hour while the brisket is barbecuing. Throw approximately 10 to 12 fresh coals on each side of the grill to keep it hot. Add about ¾ cup (177 g) of wood chips to each side when you reload the charcoal for the first three hours of grilling.
3-3. Take the brisket off the grill and let it rest.
When the brisket is tender enough to shred easily, remove the pan from the grill. Allow it to rest on a heat-safe surface for approximately 15 minutes so the juices have time to redistribute throughout the meat.
To keep the brisket warm, wrap a piece of foil over the top of it while it’s resting.
3-4. Place the brisket on a cutting board and thinly slice it.
After the brisket has rested, transfer it a cutting board. Cut the meat in thin slices, going across the grain. You can use your favorite sharp knife, cleaver, or electric knife to cut the meat.
3-5. Arrange the brisket slices on a platter and drizzle the pan juices over.
Once the brisket is cut, set the slices on a serving platter. Carefully pour some of the juices from the pan that it barbecued in over the top of the meat, and serve while still warm.
You may want to serve the brisket with a side of your favorite barbecue sauce.
3-6. Finished.
Tips
Your barbecued brisket can also be wrapped in aluminum foil when grilling to help insulate the meat and lock in the juices.
Coleslaw, potato salad, and pinto beans are all ideal sides for barbecued brisket.
Warnings
Whenever you're grilling, it's always a good idea to have a fire extinguisher nearby just in case the flames ever get out of control.
This recipe won’t work well with a cut of meat that is trimmed and does not have a thick layer of fat. The fat is necessary to keep the brisket moist and tender.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:42",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Making Sure the Brisket is Ready to Grill\\n1-1. Buy your brisket.\\nFor a moist, juicy barbecued brisket, choose a piece of meat that has a layer of fat approximately ½-inch (1.27-cm) thick on one side. Purchase a 5 to 6 pound (2.25 to 2.75 kg) brisket with a thick layer of fat to ensure a successful barbecue.\\nFor best results, opt for a brisket that's USDA Choice or better meat. Your butcher may not have those pieces of meat on display, so you may need to ask for it. In some cases, you may even need to special order it.\\nLook for a brisket with visible fat striations to ensure a moist piece of meat.\\n1-2. Rinse the brisket.\\nUnwrap your brisket, and allow it to rinse under cold, running water for several minutes. Carefully pat the meat dry with paper towels, and set it aside for a moment.\\nIf the layer of fat on the brisket is thicker than ½-inch (1.27-cm), use a sharp knife to trim it down. You can go as thin as ¼-inch (0.6-cm).\\n1-3. Combine the spices for the rub and apply to the brisket.\\nIn a small bowl, mix together 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (17 g) of coarse salt, such as kosher or sea salt, 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (7.5 g) of chili powder, 2 teaspoons (4 g) of sugar, 1 teaspoon (2 g) of ground black pepper, and 1 teaspoon (3 g) of ground cumin until well combined. Rub the spice mixture all over the brisket so it’s completely coated.\\nYou can add other spices or seasoning to your rub, depending on your preference. Some options to consider include dry mustard, granulated garlic, cayenne powder, dried oregano, and paprika.\\n1-4. Wrap the brisket in plastic and cure it in the refrigerator.\\nOnce you’ve rubbed the brisket with the spice mixture, cover it with plastic wrap. Allow it to cure in the refrigerator for 4 to 8 hours so the flavors of the spices have time to penetrate the meat.\\nYou can skip this step if you’re short on time. The brisket will still be flavorful if you cook it right after applying the rub.\\n2. Setting Up Your Grill\\n2-1. Soak your wood chips.\\nTo give the brisket a delicious smoky flavor, you need to barbecue it with wood chips. Take 6 cups of hickory or mesquite chips, and soak them for an hour in enough cold water to cover the wood. When the hour is up, drain the water from the chips so they’re ready for the grill.\\nIf you’re using wood chunks in your grill, it isn’t necessary to soak them beforehand. In fact, soaking wood chunks can actually make it take longer to get them burning.\\n2-2. Light the charcoal in a chimney starter.\\nWhen you’re ready to start your grill, place your charcoal in a chimney starter. Use an electric starter or lighter fluid to ignite the coal and allow the pieces to burn until they are red.\\n2-3. Place the hot coals on either side of the grill.\\nOnce the charcoal pieces are hot and red, add them to the bottom of the grill. However, make sure to create two piles, one on each side of the grill with the center area free of coal.\\nSome grills have special baskets that are designed for holding the charcoal in piles on either side of the grill. If your model has them, you can place the coals in the baskets.\\n2-4. Set up a drip pan between the piles of coals.\\nFat may cook off the brisket as you barbecue it, and you don’t want it to reach the charcoal. To catch any fat or other debris that may fall off the meat, place a drip pan between the two piles of coal in the center of the grill.\\nAn inexpensive foil pan works well as a drip pan for your grill.\\n2-5. Add the wood chips and insert the grate.\\nWhen the charcoal and drip pan are in place, toss ¾-cup (177 g) of the wood chips on each of the piles of coal, for a total of 1 ½ cups (354 g). Next, place the grate over the charcoal and wood chips to prepare for barbecuing.\\n3. Cooking and Serving the Brisket\\n3-1. Place the brisket in a pan.\\nWhen you’re ready to barbecue the brisket, remove it from the refrigerator and unwrap it. Set it in an aluminum pan, but be sure that the side with the fat layer is facing up.\\nIf you don’t have a pan for the brisket, you can make your own using two sheets of heavy-duty aluminum foil.\\n3-2. Set the pan on the grill and barbecue the brisket until it shreds easily.\\nPlace the pan with the brisket in the center of the grate, so it’s not directly over either pile of charcoal and wood chips. Cook the brisket until you can shred it with your fingers, which usually takes between 6 and 8 hours, depending on the size of the brisket.\\nMake sure to close the grill’s lid to trap the smoke from the wood chips and flavor the meat as it cooks.\\nIt’s important to check on the meat regularly while it barbecues to avoid overcooking it. Pay closer attention when you reach the 6-hour mark, and the meat is closer to being done.\\nWhile the brisket is barbecuing, periodically baste the meat with the juices from the bottom of the pan to help add flavor and keep it moist.\\nYou’ll need to add fresh charcoal and wood chips to the grill every hour while the brisket is barbecuing. Throw approximately 10 to 12 fresh coals on each side of the grill to keep it hot. Add about ¾ cup (177 g) of wood chips to each side when you reload the charcoal for the first three hours of grilling.\\n3-3. Take the brisket off the grill and let it rest.\\nWhen the brisket is tender enough to shred easily, remove the pan from the grill. Allow it to rest on a heat-safe surface for approximately 15 minutes so the juices have time to redistribute throughout the meat.\\nTo keep the brisket warm, wrap a piece of foil over the top of it while it’s resting.\\n3-4. Place the brisket on a cutting board and thinly slice it.\\nAfter the brisket has rested, transfer it a cutting board. Cut the meat in thin slices, going across the grain. You can use your favorite sharp knife, cleaver, or electric knife to cut the meat.\\n3-5. Arrange the brisket slices on a platter and drizzle the pan juices over.\\nOnce the brisket is cut, set the slices on a serving platter. Carefully pour some of the juices from the pan that it barbecued in over the top of the meat, and serve while still warm.\\nYou may want to serve the brisket with a side of your favorite barbecue sauce.\\n3-6. Finished.\\n\\nTips\\nYour barbecued brisket can also be wrapped in aluminum foil when grilling to help insulate the meat and lock in the juices.\\nColeslaw, potato salad, and pinto beans are all ideal sides for barbecued brisket.\\nWarnings\\nWhenever you're grilling, it's always a good idea to have a fire extinguisher nearby just in case the flames ever get out of control.\\nThis recipe won’t work well with a cut of meat that is trimmed and does not have a thick layer of fat. The fat is necessary to keep the brisket moist and tender.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"When barbecuing brisket, the key to success is low heat and a slow cooking time. It's also important to have the right equipment, which includes a charcoal grill and wood chips to give the meat a rich, smoky flavor. Patience is probably the most important thing when it comes to barbecuing brisket, though. If you have several hours to spare, you can make a tender, juicy beef brisket that's sure to impress your friends and family at your next barbecue. Don't worry, since brisket is probably one of the best and easiest meats to prepare.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Making Sure the Brisket is Ready to Grill\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Buy your brisket.\", \"描述\": \"For a moist, juicy barbecued brisket, choose a piece of meat that has a layer of fat approximately ½-inch (1.27-cm) thick on one side. Purchase a 5 to 6 pound (2.25 to 2.75 kg) brisket with a thick layer of fat to ensure a successful barbecue.\\nFor best results, opt for a brisket that's USDA Choice or better meat. Your butcher may not have those pieces of meat on display, so you may need to ask for it. In some cases, you may even need to special order it.\\nLook for a brisket with visible fat striations to ensure a moist piece of meat.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Rinse the brisket.\", \"描述\": \"Unwrap your brisket, and allow it to rinse under cold, running water for several minutes. Carefully pat the meat dry with paper towels, and set it aside for a moment.\\nIf the layer of fat on the brisket is thicker than ½-inch (1.27-cm), use a sharp knife to trim it down. You can go as thin as ¼-inch (0.6-cm).\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Combine the spices for the rub and apply to the brisket.\", \"描述\": \"In a small bowl, mix together 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (17 g) of coarse salt, such as kosher or sea salt, 1 tablespoon (14.8 ml) (7.5 g) of chili powder, 2 teaspoons (4 g) of sugar, 1 teaspoon (2 g) of ground black pepper, and 1 teaspoon (3 g) of ground cumin until well combined. Rub the spice mixture all over the brisket so it’s completely coated.\\nYou can add other spices or seasoning to your rub, depending on your preference. Some options to consider include dry mustard, granulated garlic, cayenne powder, dried oregano, and paprika.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wrap the brisket in plastic and cure it in the refrigerator.\", \"描述\": \"Once you’ve rubbed the brisket with the spice mixture, cover it with plastic wrap. Allow it to cure in the refrigerator for 4 to 8 hours so the flavors of the spices have time to penetrate the meat.\\nYou can skip this step if you’re short on time. The brisket will still be flavorful if you cook it right after applying the rub.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Setting Up Your Grill\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Soak your wood chips.\", \"描述\": \"To give the brisket a delicious smoky flavor, you need to barbecue it with wood chips. Take 6 cups of hickory or mesquite chips, and soak them for an hour in enough cold water to cover the wood. When the hour is up, drain the water from the chips so they’re ready for the grill.\\nIf you’re using wood chunks in your grill, it isn’t necessary to soak them beforehand. In fact, soaking wood chunks can actually make it take longer to get them burning.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Light the charcoal in a chimney starter.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re ready to start your grill, place your charcoal in a chimney starter. Use an electric starter or lighter fluid to ignite the coal and allow the pieces to burn until they are red.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place the hot coals on either side of the grill.\", \"描述\": \"Once the charcoal pieces are hot and red, add them to the bottom of the grill. However, make sure to create two piles, one on each side of the grill with the center area free of coal.\\nSome grills have special baskets that are designed for holding the charcoal in piles on either side of the grill. If your model has them, you can place the coals in the baskets.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Set up a drip pan between the piles of coals.\", \"描述\": \"Fat may cook off the brisket as you barbecue it, and you don’t want it to reach the charcoal. To catch any fat or other debris that may fall off the meat, place a drip pan between the two piles of coal in the center of the grill.\\nAn inexpensive foil pan works well as a drip pan for your grill.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Add the wood chips and insert the grate.\", \"描述\": \"When the charcoal and drip pan are in place, toss ¾-cup (177 g) of the wood chips on each of the piles of coal, for a total of 1 ½ cups (354 g). Next, place the grate over the charcoal and wood chips to prepare for barbecuing.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Cooking and Serving the Brisket\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Place the brisket in a pan.\", \"描述\": \"When you’re ready to barbecue the brisket, remove it from the refrigerator and unwrap it. Set it in an aluminum pan, but be sure that the side with the fat layer is facing up.\\nIf you don’t have a pan for the brisket, you can make your own using two sheets of heavy-duty aluminum foil.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Set the pan on the grill and barbecue the brisket until it shreds easily.\", \"描述\": \"Place the pan with the brisket in the center of the grate, so it’s not directly over either pile of charcoal and wood chips. Cook the brisket until you can shred it with your fingers, which usually takes between 6 and 8 hours, depending on the size of the brisket.\\nMake sure to close the grill’s lid to trap the smoke from the wood chips and flavor the meat as it cooks.\\nIt’s important to check on the meat regularly while it barbecues to avoid overcooking it. Pay closer attention when you reach the 6-hour mark, and the meat is closer to being done.\\nWhile the brisket is barbecuing, periodically baste the meat with the juices from the bottom of the pan to help add flavor and keep it moist.\\nYou’ll need to add fresh charcoal and wood chips to the grill every hour while the brisket is barbecuing. Throw approximately 10 to 12 fresh coals on each side of the grill to keep it hot. Add about ¾ cup (177 g) of wood chips to each side when you reload the charcoal for the first three hours of grilling.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Take the brisket off the grill and let it rest.\", \"描述\": \"When the brisket is tender enough to shred easily, remove the pan from the grill. Allow it to rest on a heat-safe surface for approximately 15 minutes so the juices have time to redistribute throughout the meat.\\nTo keep the brisket warm, wrap a piece of foil over the top of it while it’s resting.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Place the brisket on a cutting board and thinly slice it.\", \"描述\": \"After the brisket has rested, transfer it a cutting board. Cut the meat in thin slices, going across the grain. You can use your favorite sharp knife, cleaver, or electric knife to cut the meat.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Arrange the brisket slices on a platter and drizzle the pan juices over.\", \"描述\": \"Once the brisket is cut, set the slices on a serving platter. Carefully pour some of the juices from the pan that it barbecued in over the top of the meat, and serve while still warm.\\nYou may want to serve the brisket with a side of your favorite barbecue sauce.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Finished.\", \"描述\": \"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Your barbecued brisket can also be wrapped in aluminum foil when grilling to help insulate the meat and lock in the juices.\\n\", \"Coleslaw, potato salad, and pinto beans are all ideal sides for barbecued brisket.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Whenever you're grilling, it's always a good idea to have a fire extinguisher nearby just in case the flames ever get out of control.\\n\", \"This recipe won’t work well with a cut of meat that is trimmed and does not have a thick layer of fat. The fat is necessary to keep the brisket moist and tender.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,292 | How to BBQ Chicken | 1. Preparing the Chicken
1-1. If using a whole chicken, cut it up into pieces.
Cut off any excess fat and discard the gizzard, liver, etc.
1-2. Make a brine.
In a large pot, dissolve 1/4 of a cup of kosher salt in about one quart of hot water. Flavorings like peppercorns, lemon peel, honey, rosemary or other spices can also be added. Adding a little sugar to the brine helps the outside of the chicken to caramelize.
1-3. Allow the brine to cool, then submerge the chicken in it for at least eight hours or overnight.
Remove chicken from brine and pat with paper towels
If possible, allow pieces to dry on racks for a couple of hours. This produces the crispiest skin possible.
1-4. Rub the chicken with barbecue sauce.
A mixture of vinegar, ketchup, brown sugar, mustard, Worcestershire sauce and molasses is a great alternative to a commercially-prepared sauce.
2. Building the Fire
2-1. Stack coals in a pyramid shape in the grill pit, squirting with lighter fluid with every couple of layers.
Allow fluid to soak in for 15 minutes, then toss in lit matches at every corner of the pyramid.
2-2. Let coals burn for at least 20 minutes, until they are red and glowing instead of actively flaming.
2-3. Using a grill scraper, bank the glowing coals to one side of the pit.
You want a minimal amount of heat on one side and a fierce blaze on the other.
3. Grilling it Up
3-1. Place sauced chicken on the cool side of the grill, away from the glowing coals.
Cover grill and allow to cook for 25-35 minutes, until chicken is golden-brown and 150 F at the bone.
3-2. Rotate and re-sauce the chicken at least once during the cooking process in order to ensure everything cooks evenly.
3-3. After chicken has been mostly cooked on the interior, brush pieces again with barbecue sauce.
In small batches, move chicken over the coals on the other side of the grill.
3-4. Cook chicken over hot coals, skin-side down, until sauce becomes syrupy and skin is very crisp.
Remove quickly, after about three to five minutes.
If the skin becomes black and charred before the meat is done, the coals are too high. Use the grill scraper to distribute coals underneath the rack more evenly.
If the skin is flabby and the meat isn't cooking through, the coals are too low. Stoke them with a scraper to get the heat up, or throw in a few more quick-light coals.
3-5. Remove chicken to a serving platter and allow to rest for five minutes.
3-6. Serve with plenty of napkins.
Tips
This entrée is great with traditional summer picnic fare like corn on the cob, grilled vegetables, tomato salad or watermelon, plus lots of ice-cold lemonade and beer.
The proper internal temperature for chicken is 165 Fahrenheit. However, it will continue to heat after it comes off the grill, so undershoot the temperature a little for a perfect final product.
Don't make the mistake of trying to light the coals too quickly after squirting on the lighter fluid: it needs a minimum of 15 minutes to penetrate the coals before they will catch.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:42",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Preparing the Chicken\\n1-1. If using a whole chicken, cut it up into pieces.\\nCut off any excess fat and discard the gizzard, liver, etc.\\n1-2. Make a brine.\\nIn a large pot, dissolve 1/4 of a cup of kosher salt in about one quart of hot water. Flavorings like peppercorns, lemon peel, honey, rosemary or other spices can also be added. Adding a little sugar to the brine helps the outside of the chicken to caramelize.\\n1-3. Allow the brine to cool, then submerge the chicken in it for at least eight hours or overnight.\\nRemove chicken from brine and pat with paper towels\\nIf possible, allow pieces to dry on racks for a couple of hours. This produces the crispiest skin possible.\\n1-4. Rub the chicken with barbecue sauce.\\nA mixture of vinegar, ketchup, brown sugar, mustard, Worcestershire sauce and molasses is a great alternative to a commercially-prepared sauce.\\n2. Building the Fire\\n2-1. Stack coals in a pyramid shape in the grill pit, squirting with lighter fluid with every couple of layers.\\nAllow fluid to soak in for 15 minutes, then toss in lit matches at every corner of the pyramid.\\n2-2. Let coals burn for at least 20 minutes, until they are red and glowing instead of actively flaming.\\n\\n2-3. Using a grill scraper, bank the glowing coals to one side of the pit.\\nYou want a minimal amount of heat on one side and a fierce blaze on the other.\\n3. Grilling it Up\\n3-1. Place sauced chicken on the cool side of the grill, away from the glowing coals.\\nCover grill and allow to cook for 25-35 minutes, until chicken is golden-brown and 150 F at the bone.\\n3-2. Rotate and re-sauce the chicken at least once during the cooking process in order to ensure everything cooks evenly.\\n\\n3-3. After chicken has been mostly cooked on the interior, brush pieces again with barbecue sauce.\\nIn small batches, move chicken over the coals on the other side of the grill.\\n3-4. Cook chicken over hot coals, skin-side down, until sauce becomes syrupy and skin is very crisp.\\nRemove quickly, after about three to five minutes. \\nIf the skin becomes black and charred before the meat is done, the coals are too high. Use the grill scraper to distribute coals underneath the rack more evenly.\\nIf the skin is flabby and the meat isn't cooking through, the coals are too low. Stoke them with a scraper to get the heat up, or throw in a few more quick-light coals.\\n3-5. Remove chicken to a serving platter and allow to rest for five minutes.\\n\\n3-6. Serve with plenty of napkins.\\n\\nTips\\nThis entrée is great with traditional summer picnic fare like corn on the cob, grilled vegetables, tomato salad or watermelon, plus lots of ice-cold lemonade and beer.\\nThe proper internal temperature for chicken is 165 Fahrenheit. However, it will continue to heat after it comes off the grill, so undershoot the temperature a little for a perfect final product.\\nDon't make the mistake of trying to light the coals too quickly after squirting on the lighter fluid: it needs a minimum of 15 minutes to penetrate the coals before they will catch.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Crisp, smoky and juicy, barbecued chicken is the perfect choice for a summer afternoon cookout. To get the perfect outcome, learning the proper technique is essential. Chicken is a very lean meat, which makes it a choice for those watching their diet, but its lack of fat means that it can sometimes become too dry when exposed to the intense heat of the grill pit. This method combines the low-and-slow method with a last minute flash of high heat for a delightfully crispy, caramelized exterior. Read on for steps on how to create tender and delicious barbecued chicken that will make any grilling party a smashing success.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Preparing the Chicken\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"If using a whole chicken, cut it up into pieces.\", \"描述\": \"Cut off any excess fat and discard the gizzard, liver, etc.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make a brine.\", \"描述\": \"In a large pot, dissolve 1/4 of a cup of kosher salt in about one quart of hot water. Flavorings like peppercorns, lemon peel, honey, rosemary or other spices can also be added. Adding a little sugar to the brine helps the outside of the chicken to caramelize.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Allow the brine to cool, then submerge the chicken in it for at least eight hours or overnight.\", \"描述\": \"Remove chicken from brine and pat with paper towels\\nIf possible, allow pieces to dry on racks for a couple of hours. This produces the crispiest skin possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Rub the chicken with barbecue sauce.\", \"描述\": \"A mixture of vinegar, ketchup, brown sugar, mustard, Worcestershire sauce and molasses is a great alternative to a commercially-prepared sauce.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Building the Fire\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Stack coals in a pyramid shape in the grill pit, squirting with lighter fluid with every couple of layers.\", \"描述\": \"Allow fluid to soak in for 15 minutes, then toss in lit matches at every corner of the pyramid.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Let coals burn for at least 20 minutes, until they are red and glowing instead of actively flaming.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Using a grill scraper, bank the glowing coals to one side of the pit.\", \"描述\": \"You want a minimal amount of heat on one side and a fierce blaze on the other.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Grilling it Up\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Place sauced chicken on the cool side of the grill, away from the glowing coals.\", \"描述\": \"Cover grill and allow to cook for 25-35 minutes, until chicken is golden-brown and 150 F at the bone.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Rotate and re-sauce the chicken at least once during the cooking process in order to ensure everything cooks evenly.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"After chicken has been mostly cooked on the interior, brush pieces again with barbecue sauce.\", \"描述\": \"In small batches, move chicken over the coals on the other side of the grill.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Cook chicken over hot coals, skin-side down, until sauce becomes syrupy and skin is very crisp.\", \"描述\": \"Remove quickly, after about three to five minutes. \\nIf the skin becomes black and charred before the meat is done, the coals are too high. Use the grill scraper to distribute coals underneath the rack more evenly.\\nIf the skin is flabby and the meat isn't cooking through, the coals are too low. Stoke them with a scraper to get the heat up, or throw in a few more quick-light coals.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Remove chicken to a serving platter and allow to rest for five minutes.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Serve with plenty of napkins.\", \"描述\": \"\"}], \"小提示\": [\"This entrée is great with traditional summer picnic fare like corn on the cob, grilled vegetables, tomato salad or watermelon, plus lots of ice-cold lemonade and beer.\\n\", \"The proper internal temperature for chicken is 165 Fahrenheit. However, it will continue to heat after it comes off the grill, so undershoot the temperature a little for a perfect final product.\\n\", \"Don't make the mistake of trying to light the coals too quickly after squirting on the lighter fluid: it needs a minimum of 15 minutes to penetrate the coals before they will catch.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,293 | How to BBQ With Propane | 1. Attaching the Propane Tank
1-1. Get a propane tank for a gas grill.
Propane tanks are measured by weight; if you plan on doing a lot of grilling, get a heavier tank with more gas inside. If you're only going to be using the tank a few times, opt for a smaller propane tank. You can find propane tanks at your local supermarket or hardware store.
1-2. Place the propane tank next to the grill.
Set it as close to the grill as possible so the grill hose will be able to reach it.
1-3. Check to see if the propane tank is off.
If the knob on the gas tank is turned to the on position, turn the knob to the off position. For most propane tanks, you'll need to turn the knob clockwise to turn the tank off.
1-4. Remove the safety cap from the propane tank.
The safety cap is the plastic cap covering the valve on the top of the tank. Grab the tab on the safety cap and pull to remove it.
1-5. Attach the grill hose to the valve on the propane tank.
The grill hose is the hose attached to the underside of the grill. Turn the propane tank so the valve is facing the grill, and connect the end of the grill hose to the valve; you should feel the end of the hose click into place. Once the end of the grill hose is attached to the valve, turn the knob on the end of the grill hose clockwise to tighten it into place. Continue turning until the knob won't turn anymore.
1-6. Set the propane tank on the grill rack.
The grill rack is what holds the propane tank underneath the grill. Check the manual for your grill for specific instructions on how to attach the tank to the rack.
If the grill doesn't have a grill rack, leave the propane tank on the ground, next to the grill.
2. Lighting the Grill
2-1. Turn on the propane tank by using the knob on the top of the tank.
For most propane tanks, you'll need to turn the knob counterclockwise until it won't turn anymore to turn the tank on. Check the arrows on the knob to make sure.
2-2. Open the grill lid before lighting it.
Don't ever light the grill with the lid closed or gas buildup could cause an explosion.
2-3. Turn the ignition burner knob from “off” to “high.”
You may need to press the knob in before you can turn it. To locate the ignition burner knob on the grill, look for the knob with a lightning-bolt symbol or the word “ignition” next to it.
Don't worry if the grill doesn't ignite after you turn the knob; that just means the grill has an electric starter and you'll need to press the electric ignition button to ignite it.
2-4. Press the electric ignition button if the grill has one.
Look for the electric ignition button next to the ignition burner knob. Press and hold the button until you see flames ignite in the grill. It's normal for the button to make a clicking noise as you press it.
Only the section of the grill directly behind the ignition burner knob and electric ignition button should be lit at this point. The rest of the grill knobs should still be turned off.
2-5. Turn the other grill knobs to the highest setting to preheat the grill.
Turning on the other grill knobs should cause the rest of the grill to ignite.
2-6. Close the grill lid and let the grill preheat for 10-15 minutes.
Always let the grill preheat before cooking on it so the food gets cooked all the way through.
3. Cooking with Propane
3-1. Use a wire brush to clean the grates on the grill.
Brush back and forth over each grate, getting any dried food or grease to fall off the grate. Make sure the grill is preheated before you clean it with a brush; the heat will make it easier to clean.
3-2. Turn the grill knobs down to a lower setting before you put the food on.
This will prevent the food from burning. If you're only barbecuing a small amount of food, turn off the grill knobs for the sections of the grill you won't be using. If you'll be using the whole grill, alternate the grill knobs between medium and low heat so you have different temperatures to cook with.
3-3. Place the food you want to grill directly on the grill grates.
Position the food so it's over the flames. Place foods that need less heat, like vegetables, on the side of the grill that's set to a lower setting. Place foods that need higher heat, like hamburgers and steaks, on the side of the grill that's set to medium or high.
3-4. Use a spatula or tongs to occasionally flip the food.
Make sure each side of the food gets equal cook time so it gets cooked evenly through. Adjust the temperature as needed using the grill knobs.
3-5. Remove the food when it's finished and turn off the grill knobs.
Leave the lid of the grill open; the propane tank is still on and gas could build up if the lid is closed.
3-6. Turn off the propane tank.
To turn off most propane tanks, turn the knob on the top of the tank clockwise until it won't turn anymore. Look at the arrows on the knob to verify which direction you should be turning it in.
You can enjoy a barbecue even though you are on a diet by eating healthy dishes.
Avoid the traditional high-sugar, salty, and high-calorie barbecue food.
Some healthy barbecue food choices are skinless chicken, baked beans, fresh fruit, raw vegetables, corn on the cob, and baked potatoes with a salsa topping. Also, you can make kabobs with lean meats and fresh vegetables.
Warnings
Always turn off the propane tank after grilling. If you're worried about forgetting, set yourself a reminder on your phone or leave yourself a note by the grill.
Never keep the lid closed if the propane tank is on and the grill isn't ignited.[16]
X
Research source
Don't attempt to light the grill when the lid is closed.[17]
X
Research source
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:42",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Attaching the Propane Tank\\n1-1. Get a propane tank for a gas grill.\\nPropane tanks are measured by weight; if you plan on doing a lot of grilling, get a heavier tank with more gas inside. If you're only going to be using the tank a few times, opt for a smaller propane tank. You can find propane tanks at your local supermarket or hardware store.\\n1-2. Place the propane tank next to the grill.\\nSet it as close to the grill as possible so the grill hose will be able to reach it.\\n1-3. Check to see if the propane tank is off.\\nIf the knob on the gas tank is turned to the on position, turn the knob to the off position. For most propane tanks, you'll need to turn the knob clockwise to turn the tank off.\\n1-4. Remove the safety cap from the propane tank.\\nThe safety cap is the plastic cap covering the valve on the top of the tank. Grab the tab on the safety cap and pull to remove it.\\n1-5. Attach the grill hose to the valve on the propane tank.\\nThe grill hose is the hose attached to the underside of the grill. Turn the propane tank so the valve is facing the grill, and connect the end of the grill hose to the valve; you should feel the end of the hose click into place. Once the end of the grill hose is attached to the valve, turn the knob on the end of the grill hose clockwise to tighten it into place. Continue turning until the knob won't turn anymore.\\n1-6. Set the propane tank on the grill rack.\\nThe grill rack is what holds the propane tank underneath the grill. Check the manual for your grill for specific instructions on how to attach the tank to the rack.\\nIf the grill doesn't have a grill rack, leave the propane tank on the ground, next to the grill.\\n2. Lighting the Grill\\n2-1. Turn on the propane tank by using the knob on the top of the tank.\\nFor most propane tanks, you'll need to turn the knob counterclockwise until it won't turn anymore to turn the tank on. Check the arrows on the knob to make sure.\\n2-2. Open the grill lid before lighting it.\\nDon't ever light the grill with the lid closed or gas buildup could cause an explosion.\\n2-3. Turn the ignition burner knob from “off” to “high.”\\nYou may need to press the knob in before you can turn it. To locate the ignition burner knob on the grill, look for the knob with a lightning-bolt symbol or the word “ignition” next to it.\\nDon't worry if the grill doesn't ignite after you turn the knob; that just means the grill has an electric starter and you'll need to press the electric ignition button to ignite it.\\n2-4. Press the electric ignition button if the grill has one.\\nLook for the electric ignition button next to the ignition burner knob. Press and hold the button until you see flames ignite in the grill. It's normal for the button to make a clicking noise as you press it.\\nOnly the section of the grill directly behind the ignition burner knob and electric ignition button should be lit at this point. The rest of the grill knobs should still be turned off.\\n2-5. Turn the other grill knobs to the highest setting to preheat the grill.\\nTurning on the other grill knobs should cause the rest of the grill to ignite.\\n2-6. Close the grill lid and let the grill preheat for 10-15 minutes.\\nAlways let the grill preheat before cooking on it so the food gets cooked all the way through.\\n3. Cooking with Propane\\n3-1. Use a wire brush to clean the grates on the grill.\\nBrush back and forth over each grate, getting any dried food or grease to fall off the grate. Make sure the grill is preheated before you clean it with a brush; the heat will make it easier to clean.\\n3-2. Turn the grill knobs down to a lower setting before you put the food on.\\nThis will prevent the food from burning. If you're only barbecuing a small amount of food, turn off the grill knobs for the sections of the grill you won't be using. If you'll be using the whole grill, alternate the grill knobs between medium and low heat so you have different temperatures to cook with.\\n3-3. Place the food you want to grill directly on the grill grates.\\nPosition the food so it's over the flames. Place foods that need less heat, like vegetables, on the side of the grill that's set to a lower setting. Place foods that need higher heat, like hamburgers and steaks, on the side of the grill that's set to medium or high.\\n3-4. Use a spatula or tongs to occasionally flip the food.\\nMake sure each side of the food gets equal cook time so it gets cooked evenly through. Adjust the temperature as needed using the grill knobs.\\n3-5. Remove the food when it's finished and turn off the grill knobs.\\nLeave the lid of the grill open; the propane tank is still on and gas could build up if the lid is closed.\\n3-6. Turn off the propane tank.\\nTo turn off most propane tanks, turn the knob on the top of the tank clockwise until it won't turn anymore. Look at the arrows on the knob to verify which direction you should be turning it in.\\nYou can enjoy a barbecue even though you are on a diet by eating healthy dishes.\\nAvoid the traditional high-sugar, salty, and high-calorie barbecue food.\\nSome healthy barbecue food choices are skinless chicken, baked beans, fresh fruit, raw vegetables, corn on the cob, and baked potatoes with a salsa topping. Also, you can make kabobs with lean meats and fresh vegetables.\\nWarnings\\nAlways turn off the propane tank after grilling. If you're worried about forgetting, set yourself a reminder on your phone or leave yourself a note by the grill.\\nNever keep the lid closed if the propane tank is on and the grill isn't ignited.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nDon't attempt to light the grill when the lid is closed.[17]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Barbecuing with propane is cleaner and more predictable than barbecuing with charcoal, and it's an easy-to-learn process. To successfully use propane to grill food, you need to get the right supplies and follow a few safety precautions. By safely hooking up a propane tank to your gas grill and lighting the grill properly, you can start barbecuing your favorite foods in no time.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Attaching the Propane Tank\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get a propane tank for a gas grill.\", \"描述\": \"Propane tanks are measured by weight; if you plan on doing a lot of grilling, get a heavier tank with more gas inside. If you're only going to be using the tank a few times, opt for a smaller propane tank. You can find propane tanks at your local supermarket or hardware store.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Place the propane tank next to the grill.\", \"描述\": \"Set it as close to the grill as possible so the grill hose will be able to reach it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check to see if the propane tank is off.\", \"描述\": \"If the knob on the gas tank is turned to the on position, turn the knob to the off position. For most propane tanks, you'll need to turn the knob clockwise to turn the tank off.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Remove the safety cap from the propane tank.\", \"描述\": \"The safety cap is the plastic cap covering the valve on the top of the tank. Grab the tab on the safety cap and pull to remove it.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Attach the grill hose to the valve on the propane tank.\", \"描述\": \"The grill hose is the hose attached to the underside of the grill. Turn the propane tank so the valve is facing the grill, and connect the end of the grill hose to the valve; you should feel the end of the hose click into place. Once the end of the grill hose is attached to the valve, turn the knob on the end of the grill hose clockwise to tighten it into place. Continue turning until the knob won't turn anymore.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Set the propane tank on the grill rack.\", \"描述\": \"The grill rack is what holds the propane tank underneath the grill. Check the manual for your grill for specific instructions on how to attach the tank to the rack.\\nIf the grill doesn't have a grill rack, leave the propane tank on the ground, next to the grill.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Lighting the Grill\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Turn on the propane tank by using the knob on the top of the tank.\", \"描述\": \"For most propane tanks, you'll need to turn the knob counterclockwise until it won't turn anymore to turn the tank on. Check the arrows on the knob to make sure.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open the grill lid before lighting it.\", \"描述\": \"Don't ever light the grill with the lid closed or gas buildup could cause an explosion.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Turn the ignition burner knob from “off” to “high.”\", \"描述\": \"You may need to press the knob in before you can turn it. To locate the ignition burner knob on the grill, look for the knob with a lightning-bolt symbol or the word “ignition” next to it.\\nDon't worry if the grill doesn't ignite after you turn the knob; that just means the grill has an electric starter and you'll need to press the electric ignition button to ignite it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Press the electric ignition button if the grill has one.\", \"描述\": \"Look for the electric ignition button next to the ignition burner knob. Press and hold the button until you see flames ignite in the grill. It's normal for the button to make a clicking noise as you press it.\\nOnly the section of the grill directly behind the ignition burner knob and electric ignition button should be lit at this point. The rest of the grill knobs should still be turned off.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Turn the other grill knobs to the highest setting to preheat the grill.\", \"描述\": \"Turning on the other grill knobs should cause the rest of the grill to ignite.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Close the grill lid and let the grill preheat for 10-15 minutes.\", \"描述\": \"Always let the grill preheat before cooking on it so the food gets cooked all the way through.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Cooking with Propane\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use a wire brush to clean the grates on the grill.\", \"描述\": \"Brush back and forth over each grate, getting any dried food or grease to fall off the grate. Make sure the grill is preheated before you clean it with a brush; the heat will make it easier to clean.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Turn the grill knobs down to a lower setting before you put the food on.\", \"描述\": \"This will prevent the food from burning. If you're only barbecuing a small amount of food, turn off the grill knobs for the sections of the grill you won't be using. If you'll be using the whole grill, alternate the grill knobs between medium and low heat so you have different temperatures to cook with.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Place the food you want to grill directly on the grill grates.\", \"描述\": \"Position the food so it's over the flames. Place foods that need less heat, like vegetables, on the side of the grill that's set to a lower setting. Place foods that need higher heat, like hamburgers and steaks, on the side of the grill that's set to medium or high.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use a spatula or tongs to occasionally flip the food.\", \"描述\": \"Make sure each side of the food gets equal cook time so it gets cooked evenly through. Adjust the temperature as needed using the grill knobs.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Remove the food when it's finished and turn off the grill knobs.\", \"描述\": \"Leave the lid of the grill open; the propane tank is still on and gas could build up if the lid is closed.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Turn off the propane tank.\", \"描述\": \"To turn off most propane tanks, turn the knob on the top of the tank clockwise until it won't turn anymore. Look at the arrows on the knob to verify which direction you should be turning it in.\\nYou can enjoy a barbecue even though you are on a diet by eating healthy dishes.\\nAvoid the traditional high-sugar, salty, and high-calorie barbecue food.\\nSome healthy barbecue food choices are skinless chicken, baked beans, fresh fruit, raw vegetables, corn on the cob, and baked potatoes with a salsa topping. Also, you can make kabobs with lean meats and fresh vegetables.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"Always turn off the propane tank after grilling. If you're worried about forgetting, set yourself a reminder on your phone or leave yourself a note by the grill.\\n\", \"Never keep the lid closed if the propane tank is on and the grill isn't ignited.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Don't attempt to light the grill when the lid is closed.[17]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,294 | What Does BSF Mean? | 1. Most Common Meanings of BSF
1-1. BSF can mean “best sister/sibling friend.”
While it may not sound grammatically correct, a BSF here refers to someone with whom you are so close it feels like you’re practically siblings rather than just friends. “Sister’ and “sibling” are interchangeable here, but both pretty much get the message across that you all are basically inseparable.
1-2. BSF is also another way to say "Best friend.”
It appears that BFF (best friend forever) and BFFL (best friend for life) have met their match with this new abbreviation. Although, BSF seems to more often refer to a friend you feel is more like a sibling, similar to the “best sister/sibling friend” definition. Nevertheless, using BSF simply to mean “best friend” is totally acceptable.
You might also see it stylized as IBSF, which means “internet best friend,” or someone you met over the internet through something like online gaming, a forum, or any other social media who became your friend.
1-3. BSF can also stand for "But, seriously folks.”
This is a clever way to turn the conversation towards a new topic or get back on track if you find yourself getting lost in the endless spam of messages coming from your friends or family. It’s usually used to bring the conversation back to the main point after a joke or lighthearted comment was made, and will definitely catch everyone’s attention.
2. How to Use BSF (Best Sister/Sibling Friend)
2-1. Let your friend know how much they mean to you.
Make it clear to them that they’re not just your friend, they’re basically family!
“We’re getting dinner and I’m paying 🥰 Can’t let my BSF go hungry now can I?”
“You have to come to my performance 😭😭 I can’t imagine my BSF not being there”
“You’re my BSF. Of course you’re invited to the party!”
2-2. Clarify your relationship to others.
When someone gets the wrong idea about your relationship with your best friend, use this abbreviation to set the record straight.
“What? OMG no he’s not my boyfriend, he’s my BSF. We’ve known each other since we were kids.”
“We’re not just friends. They’re my BSF.”
2-3. Use it as a standalone phrase to caption a photo.
Even though BSF is only three little letters, its meaning is quite deep. So even if you just write “BSF” to caption your Instagram post or let it stand alone in a tweet, people will definitely know what you mean. No extra explanations required.
3. How to Use BSF (Best Friend)
3-1. Replace BFF and BFFL.
Let’s face it, BFF and BFFL are so out, and BSF is totally in. Update your slang inventory by using BSF where you used to use BFF or BFFL.
“He’s my BSF. I don’t know what I’d do without him.”
“Who’s your BSF?”
“I’ve known my BSF since preschool. We’re basically the same person by now.”
3-2. Compliment your friend.
Even though they might already know it, your friend probably wouldn’t mind hearing again just how much you value their friendship and how tight-knit your bond is. BSF conveys all of these emotions and much more.
“You know you’re my BSF right?”
“Who needs them? I got my BSF right here! 😊🥰”
“You’re not just any friend. You’re my BSF!”
3-3. Use it to talk about your friends on the internet.
Best friends don’t just have to be people you know in the real world. Thanks to technology, we can meet friends all around the world through the magic that is the internet. You can use BSF and also IBSF (internet best friend) to talk about your digital bestie.
“My BSF and I met on an internet forum and bonded over our love of cats 🐱🐈”
“They’re my IBSF. I wish we could meet in person though.”
“My IBSF is so cool 🥺”
4. How to Use BSF (But, seriously folks)
4-1. Bring the conversation back on track.
It’s easy to go off on random tangents, especially when you’re in a group chat with lots of people who all have different things to say. If you want to circle back to a point that’s pretty much gotten lost in the slew of messages, get everyone’s attention with these three letters.
“🙋BSF can we get back to what we were originally talking about?”
“BSF are we actually going to ignore the fact that no one passed that test?👀”
“BSF let’s talk about how birds are living dinosaurs again.”
4-2. Put some emphasis on your words.
Add some strength to your words by calling attention to them with this abbreviation and let the recipient know that you’re not joking around.
“BSF I actually do really want to go to Paris at some point.”
“BSF I’m so lost on this project 😭 Help.”
“BSF I need someone to explain the situation to me again.”
4-3. Steer the conversation towards a more serious topic.
The “serious” in “But, seriously folks” comes into play here, and you can use this as a means to bring up something that might not be as light as what you were previously talking about.
“BSF what do y’all think about the protests happening?”
“BSF did you hear about what happened yesterday?”
“BSF have you been following the news?
5. Other Meanings of BSF
5-1. Bible Study Fellowship.
This is a community that offers in-depth studies of the Bible to people all around the world and is a means for people to connect and meet up with others in their community.
5-2. Border Security Force.
This is India’s border guarding force that looks after the borders it shares with Pakistan and Bangladesh.
5-3. Bachelor of Science in Forestry (B.S.F.).
BSF can also be a type of degree you earn at university. You might have heard of a B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) or B.S. (Bachelor of Science), but some universities offer an even more specified degree.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:42",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Most Common Meanings of BSF\\n1-1. BSF can mean “best sister/sibling friend.”\\nWhile it may not sound grammatically correct, a BSF here refers to someone with whom you are so close it feels like you’re practically siblings rather than just friends. “Sister’ and “sibling” are interchangeable here, but both pretty much get the message across that you all are basically inseparable.\\n1-2. BSF is also another way to say \\\"Best friend.”\\nIt appears that BFF (best friend forever) and BFFL (best friend for life) have met their match with this new abbreviation. Although, BSF seems to more often refer to a friend you feel is more like a sibling, similar to the “best sister/sibling friend” definition. Nevertheless, using BSF simply to mean “best friend” is totally acceptable.\\nYou might also see it stylized as IBSF, which means “internet best friend,” or someone you met over the internet through something like online gaming, a forum, or any other social media who became your friend.\\n1-3. BSF can also stand for \\\"But, seriously folks.”\\nThis is a clever way to turn the conversation towards a new topic or get back on track if you find yourself getting lost in the endless spam of messages coming from your friends or family. It’s usually used to bring the conversation back to the main point after a joke or lighthearted comment was made, and will definitely catch everyone’s attention.\\n2. How to Use BSF (Best Sister/Sibling Friend)\\n2-1. Let your friend know how much they mean to you.\\nMake it clear to them that they’re not just your friend, they’re basically family!\\n“We’re getting dinner and I’m paying 🥰 Can’t let my BSF go hungry now can I?”\\n“You have to come to my performance 😭😭 I can’t imagine my BSF not being there”\\n“You’re my BSF. Of course you’re invited to the party!”\\n2-2. Clarify your relationship to others.\\nWhen someone gets the wrong idea about your relationship with your best friend, use this abbreviation to set the record straight.\\n“What? OMG no he’s not my boyfriend, he’s my BSF. We’ve known each other since we were kids.”\\n“We’re not just friends. They’re my BSF.”\\n2-3. Use it as a standalone phrase to caption a photo.\\nEven though BSF is only three little letters, its meaning is quite deep. So even if you just write “BSF” to caption your Instagram post or let it stand alone in a tweet, people will definitely know what you mean. No extra explanations required.\\n3. How to Use BSF (Best Friend)\\n3-1. Replace BFF and BFFL.\\nLet’s face it, BFF and BFFL are so out, and BSF is totally in. Update your slang inventory by using BSF where you used to use BFF or BFFL.\\n“He’s my BSF. I don’t know what I’d do without him.”\\n“Who’s your BSF?”\\n“I’ve known my BSF since preschool. We’re basically the same person by now.”\\n3-2. Compliment your friend.\\nEven though they might already know it, your friend probably wouldn’t mind hearing again just how much you value their friendship and how tight-knit your bond is. BSF conveys all of these emotions and much more.\\n“You know you’re my BSF right?”\\n“Who needs them? I got my BSF right here! 😊🥰”\\n“You’re not just any friend. You’re my BSF!”\\n3-3. Use it to talk about your friends on the internet.\\nBest friends don’t just have to be people you know in the real world. Thanks to technology, we can meet friends all around the world through the magic that is the internet. You can use BSF and also IBSF (internet best friend) to talk about your digital bestie.\\n“My BSF and I met on an internet forum and bonded over our love of cats 🐱🐈”\\n“They’re my IBSF. I wish we could meet in person though.”\\n“My IBSF is so cool 🥺”\\n4. How to Use BSF (But, seriously folks)\\n4-1. Bring the conversation back on track.\\nIt’s easy to go off on random tangents, especially when you’re in a group chat with lots of people who all have different things to say. If you want to circle back to a point that’s pretty much gotten lost in the slew of messages, get everyone’s attention with these three letters.\\n“🙋BSF can we get back to what we were originally talking about?”\\n“BSF are we actually going to ignore the fact that no one passed that test?👀”\\n“BSF let’s talk about how birds are living dinosaurs again.”\\n4-2. Put some emphasis on your words.\\nAdd some strength to your words by calling attention to them with this abbreviation and let the recipient know that you’re not joking around.\\n“BSF I actually do really want to go to Paris at some point.”\\n“BSF I’m so lost on this project 😭 Help.”\\n“BSF I need someone to explain the situation to me again.”\\n4-3. Steer the conversation towards a more serious topic.\\nThe “serious” in “But, seriously folks” comes into play here, and you can use this as a means to bring up something that might not be as light as what you were previously talking about.\\n“BSF what do y’all think about the protests happening?”\\n“BSF did you hear about what happened yesterday?”\\n“BSF have you been following the news?\\n5. Other Meanings of BSF\\n5-1. Bible Study Fellowship.\\nThis is a community that offers in-depth studies of the Bible to people all around the world and is a means for people to connect and meet up with others in their community.\\n5-2. Border Security Force.\\nThis is India’s border guarding force that looks after the borders it shares with Pakistan and Bangladesh.\\n5-3. Bachelor of Science in Forestry (B.S.F.).\\nBSF can also be a type of degree you earn at university. You might have heard of a B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) or B.S. (Bachelor of Science), but some universities offer an even more specified degree.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"You might’ve seen the abbreviation “BSF” on social media or maybe even had someone send it to you in a text, but what exactly does it mean? We’re here to explain to you the exact meaning behind these three letters, and have also come up with some examples for how to use BSF so that you can add another bit of lingo to your growing dictionary!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Most Common Meanings of BSF\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"BSF can mean “best sister/sibling friend.”\", \"描述\": \"While it may not sound grammatically correct, a BSF here refers to someone with whom you are so close it feels like you’re practically siblings rather than just friends. “Sister’ and “sibling” are interchangeable here, but both pretty much get the message across that you all are basically inseparable.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"BSF is also another way to say \\\"Best friend.”\", \"描述\": \"It appears that BFF (best friend forever) and BFFL (best friend for life) have met their match with this new abbreviation. Although, BSF seems to more often refer to a friend you feel is more like a sibling, similar to the “best sister/sibling friend” definition. Nevertheless, using BSF simply to mean “best friend” is totally acceptable.\\nYou might also see it stylized as IBSF, which means “internet best friend,” or someone you met over the internet through something like online gaming, a forum, or any other social media who became your friend.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"BSF can also stand for \\\"But, seriously folks.”\", \"描述\": \"This is a clever way to turn the conversation towards a new topic or get back on track if you find yourself getting lost in the endless spam of messages coming from your friends or family. It’s usually used to bring the conversation back to the main point after a joke or lighthearted comment was made, and will definitely catch everyone’s attention.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"How to Use BSF (Best Sister/Sibling Friend)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Let your friend know how much they mean to you.\", \"描述\": \"Make it clear to them that they’re not just your friend, they’re basically family!\\n“We’re getting dinner and I’m paying 🥰 Can’t let my BSF go hungry now can I?”\\n“You have to come to my performance 😭😭 I can’t imagine my BSF not being there”\\n“You’re my BSF. Of course you’re invited to the party!”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Clarify your relationship to others.\", \"描述\": \"When someone gets the wrong idea about your relationship with your best friend, use this abbreviation to set the record straight.\\n“What? OMG no he’s not my boyfriend, he’s my BSF. We’ve known each other since we were kids.”\\n“We’re not just friends. They’re my BSF.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use it as a standalone phrase to caption a photo.\", \"描述\": \"Even though BSF is only three little letters, its meaning is quite deep. So even if you just write “BSF” to caption your Instagram post or let it stand alone in a tweet, people will definitely know what you mean. No extra explanations required.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"How to Use BSF (Best Friend)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Replace BFF and BFFL.\", \"描述\": \"Let’s face it, BFF and BFFL are so out, and BSF is totally in. Update your slang inventory by using BSF where you used to use BFF or BFFL.\\n“He’s my BSF. I don’t know what I’d do without him.”\\n“Who’s your BSF?”\\n“I’ve known my BSF since preschool. We’re basically the same person by now.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Compliment your friend.\", \"描述\": \"Even though they might already know it, your friend probably wouldn’t mind hearing again just how much you value their friendship and how tight-knit your bond is. BSF conveys all of these emotions and much more.\\n“You know you’re my BSF right?”\\n“Who needs them? I got my BSF right here! 😊🥰”\\n“You’re not just any friend. You’re my BSF!”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use it to talk about your friends on the internet.\", \"描述\": \"Best friends don’t just have to be people you know in the real world. Thanks to technology, we can meet friends all around the world through the magic that is the internet. You can use BSF and also IBSF (internet best friend) to talk about your digital bestie.\\n“My BSF and I met on an internet forum and bonded over our love of cats 🐱🐈”\\n“They’re my IBSF. I wish we could meet in person though.”\\n“My IBSF is so cool 🥺”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"How to Use BSF (But, seriously folks)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Bring the conversation back on track.\", \"描述\": \"It’s easy to go off on random tangents, especially when you’re in a group chat with lots of people who all have different things to say. If you want to circle back to a point that’s pretty much gotten lost in the slew of messages, get everyone’s attention with these three letters.\\n“🙋BSF can we get back to what we were originally talking about?”\\n“BSF are we actually going to ignore the fact that no one passed that test?👀”\\n“BSF let’s talk about how birds are living dinosaurs again.”\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Put some emphasis on your words.\", \"描述\": \"Add some strength to your words by calling attention to them with this abbreviation and let the recipient know that you’re not joking around.\\n“BSF I actually do really want to go to Paris at some point.”\\n“BSF I’m so lost on this project 😭 Help.”\\n“BSF I need someone to explain the situation to me again.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Steer the conversation towards a more serious topic.\", \"描述\": \"The “serious” in “But, seriously folks” comes into play here, and you can use this as a means to bring up something that might not be as light as what you were previously talking about.\\n“BSF what do y’all think about the protests happening?”\\n“BSF did you hear about what happened yesterday?”\\n“BSF have you been following the news?\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Other Meanings of BSF\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Bible Study Fellowship.\", \"描述\": \"This is a community that offers in-depth studies of the Bible to people all around the world and is a means for people to connect and meet up with others in their community.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Border Security Force.\", \"描述\": \"This is India’s border guarding force that looks after the borders it shares with Pakistan and Bangladesh.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Bachelor of Science in Forestry (B.S.F.).\", \"描述\": \"BSF can also be a type of degree you earn at university. You might have heard of a B.A. (Bachelor of Arts) or B.S. (Bachelor of Science), but some universities offer an even more specified degree.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
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} | wikihow |
3,295 | How to Babyproof Windows | 1. Keeping Windows Closed
1-1. Lock your windows.
Some windows have built-in locks you can latch shut with a key to prevent the window from opening. If your windows have keys built-in, this is your best option for baby proofing your windows. If your windows do not have keys, however, use another method. Installing keys is costly and time-consuming and it's far easier to use an alternative window locking method.
You should have window locks somewhere in your home if your windows have built-in keys. They were likely given to you when you bought your home. If you're renting a building, ask your landlord for the keys to your window locks.
You can also replace the lock barrels in the event you cannot find window keys. You can find replacement barrels online or at a local hardware store. How to replace lock barrels varies in terms of the type of lock used in your window. Barrels should come with manufacturer's instructions explaining how to install them.
If you're unsure how to replace lock barrels yourself, hire a locksmith or handyman to do the work for you. You want to make sure the barrels are replaced correctly as it's important to lock your windows for the safety of your child.
1-2. Try window stops.
If you have windows that slide open, a window stop is a handy plastic device you can use to stop windows from opening. You can buy window stops at most hardware stores. You can also purchase them online.
Window stops are triangular shaped pieces of plastic that work by wedging the window shut. In the indent where the window slides up and down, you would wedge a window stop against the brim of the window. This should prevent the window from being opened.
You want to make sure you get the right size window stop. Measure the length of the indent on your wall. Make sure the window is not wider than that indent.
You can have a window opened slightly with a window stop in place. If you choose to open your window, make sure the opening is no wider than four inches. A child should not be able to fit between a gap of this size or less.
1-3. Use a charlie bar.
A charlie bar is another device you can use to keep sliding windows closed. This is a metallic stick that fits between the top half of a wedged window and the portion of the window that slides up. If your window opens sideways, you can also fit a charlie bar into your window horizontally to keep it open. Keeping a charlie bar in place will prevent a child from opening a window.
Keep in mind, as your child grows older, he or she may be able to stand and reach the charlie bar. If your child is walking and getting taller, consider a method other than a charlie bar.
1-4. Remove the handle of a cranked window.
Crank windows are windows that can be opened by turning a small crank. Keeping cranked windows closed is very simple. You can simply remove the crank. For the most part, the crank can be removed by simply twisting it off. However, you may need a screwdriver to remove some screws in some crank windows.
2. Baby Proofing an Unusual Window
2-1. Gather your supplies.
Some windows are designed in an unusual fashion and do not follow the crank or sliding opening pattern. Luckily, there is a method you can use that works for most windows. You'll need the following supplies, all of which can be purchased online or at a hardware store:
Measuring tape
Velcro strip
Glue
Lexan sheet
If you cannot find a lexan sheet, try another see-through plastic or light glass. Someone at the hardware store should be able to point you in the right direction.
The advantage of a clear window guard is not limited to the fact it fits on most windows. A clear window guard also lets in light, preventing your home from feeling dark or dreary due to a window guard.
2-2. Measure your windows.
You will be attaching a lexan sheet inside your window using velcro. In order to determine how big of a sheet you'll need, measure your window vertically and horizontally. Write down these dimensions.
2-3. Have your lexan sheet cut in the right dimensions.
Take your lexan sheet to a hardware store. Ask a worker to cut the sheet in the dimensions of your window. As a lexan sheet is made of plastic, it can be dangerous to attempt to cut it yourself unless you have experience working in hardware.
2-4. Use glue to attach the velcro.
Attach four strips of velcro along each side of your lexan sheet. Then, attach four strips of velcro hooks along the side of your window. Use your glue to attach the velcro. As a child is not very strong, simple craft glue should be strong enough to keep your lexan sheet in place.
With very young children, velcro should be strong enough to hold the windows in place. Also, as the sheet is fit so tightly in the window, it would be difficult for a child to get a grip on the Lexan sheet to begin with.
If your children are older, consider screwing the lexan sheet into the window frames. If you're renting, you should check with your landlord before drilling into the window.
2-5. Put your lexan sheet in place.
Once the glue has dried, place your lexan sheet into the window. It will now be hard for your child to slide or push open your window, as there is a guard in place. The advantage of lexan is that it also lets light through, avoiding your room becoming dark due to a window guard.
If you want to let airflow in through the window, consider drilling holes through the plastic with a power drill. Read the manufacturer's instructions on your lexan sheet first, however, to make sure you take proper safety precautions for the brand of lexan you're using.
3. Obtaining a Window Guard
3-1. Check your state's regulations.
Window guards are metallic devices installed in the lower half of windows that slide open vertically. They are usually barred devices, designed to keep children from falling out of windows. Some states require window guards be installed under certain conditions.
Window guards are usually required in public buildings. However, if you have a child under 10 living with you, a window guard may be mandatory by law. This varies by city and state. You can check your state's government website to find out your state's regulations. This is usually under the Department of Public Safety.
A window guard is not easy to install. Some states may actually require professional installation. An improperly installed window guard can easily be removed by a child. The bars of a window guard are also prone to sloppy installation and can easily be installed in a way that would allow a child to fit through the guard.
While professional installation may sound costly to you, it may actually not cost much at all. Your state may provide window guard installation for free or cheap. If you're renting a building, your landlord may be legally required to provide you with a window guard at no added cost. Once again, check with your state's Department of Public Safety.
3-2. Choose the correct type of window guard.
Window guards come in many shapes and sizes. However, you should make sure you choose a window guard that's safe for your type of window.
A safe window guard should be at least 15 inches tall. The bars in the window guard should be close enough together that a 5-inch ball cannot pass through. A window bar that does not meet these regulations is not considered safe. It also may not legally count as a window guard by your state, which could land you in legal trouble depending on your state's regulations.
Some states, such as New York, have a list of approved window guard manufacturers. You should check to see if your state has such a list before selecting a window guard.
When purchasing a window guard, you should make sure the guard is safe for your specific type of windows. Somewhere on the ordering form or box containing the guard, it should specify what type of window this guard is compatible with. You can purchase a window guard online or at a local hardware store.
3-3. Obtain one-way screws.
In order to be safe, window guards should not come off easily. One-way screws, installed with a Philips head screwdriver, are vital for the safe installation of window guards. Before having your guard installed, pick up a handful of one-way screws at a local hardware store.
3-4. Have a professional install the window guard.
It is not recommended that you install a window guard yourself. Window guards are complicated to install. A faulty window guard is extremely dangerous as a child could slip and fall out of a window. Many states require professional installation.
Call a local hardware store and ask if they do installation. If they do not, they may be able to direct you to a local business that installs household items like window guards. Always read reviews of any establishment you're doing business with ahead of time. Make sure customers were satisfied. Good service is especially vital when the safety of your children is at stake.
Be sure to keep your receipt and the proof of installation, just in case something goes wrong. Keep it in a safe place where you will not lose it.
If you live in an apartment, your landlord may be legally required to provide a window guard, free of charge, if you live with a child under 10. Call your landlord and request a window guard be installed as soon as possible.
4. Following Basic Window Safety
4-1. Clear the areas around windows.
You should keep the areas around the window clear. If you have objects like dressers, cribs, or beds near the windows, a child could climb on these objects and get out the window.
4-2. Open windows from the top.
Some sliding windows can be opened from either the top or the bottom. If you're able to open a window from the top, do so. It will be much harder for a baby to access the top of the window than the bottom. Just to be safe, however, keep the opening less than four inches.
4-3. Instruct children not to play near windows.
Teach your children to take proper precaution involving windows. While many safety devices can reduce the chance of accidents, there is always a slight risk such devices will fail. Therefore, it's important that you keep your child away from the windows.
Raise your voice gently to explain to deter your child when he or she is playing near the window. Always explain why the window is dangerous. Do not just say, "I don't want you playing near the window." Say, "I don't want you playing near the window because you could fall and get hurt."
Be consistent. Keep an eye on your child at all times. Always correct the child when he or she is playing near the window.
4-4. Do not rely on bug screens.
Many people feel bug screens can safely protect a child from falling from a window. Bug screens are not window guards and should not be treated as such. Screens are flimsy and a child could easily break through a bug screen and fall.
Warnings
No amount of babyproofing will substitute for watching your baby carefully. Babies can get themselves into dangerous situations very quickly, and it is important that they are supervised.
In the event you cannot find a professional to install a window guard, check with your state's Department of Public Safety before attempting to install one yourself. It may not be legal for an average citizen to install a window guard on their own, depending on the state's regulations.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:42",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Keeping Windows Closed\\n1-1. Lock your windows.\\nSome windows have built-in locks you can latch shut with a key to prevent the window from opening. If your windows have keys built-in, this is your best option for baby proofing your windows. If your windows do not have keys, however, use another method. Installing keys is costly and time-consuming and it's far easier to use an alternative window locking method.\\nYou should have window locks somewhere in your home if your windows have built-in keys. They were likely given to you when you bought your home. If you're renting a building, ask your landlord for the keys to your window locks.\\nYou can also replace the lock barrels in the event you cannot find window keys. You can find replacement barrels online or at a local hardware store. How to replace lock barrels varies in terms of the type of lock used in your window. Barrels should come with manufacturer's instructions explaining how to install them.\\nIf you're unsure how to replace lock barrels yourself, hire a locksmith or handyman to do the work for you. You want to make sure the barrels are replaced correctly as it's important to lock your windows for the safety of your child.\\n1-2. Try window stops.\\nIf you have windows that slide open, a window stop is a handy plastic device you can use to stop windows from opening. You can buy window stops at most hardware stores. You can also purchase them online.\\nWindow stops are triangular shaped pieces of plastic that work by wedging the window shut. In the indent where the window slides up and down, you would wedge a window stop against the brim of the window. This should prevent the window from being opened.\\nYou want to make sure you get the right size window stop. Measure the length of the indent on your wall. Make sure the window is not wider than that indent.\\nYou can have a window opened slightly with a window stop in place. If you choose to open your window, make sure the opening is no wider than four inches. A child should not be able to fit between a gap of this size or less.\\n1-3. Use a charlie bar.\\nA charlie bar is another device you can use to keep sliding windows closed. This is a metallic stick that fits between the top half of a wedged window and the portion of the window that slides up. If your window opens sideways, you can also fit a charlie bar into your window horizontally to keep it open. Keeping a charlie bar in place will prevent a child from opening a window.\\nKeep in mind, as your child grows older, he or she may be able to stand and reach the charlie bar. If your child is walking and getting taller, consider a method other than a charlie bar.\\n1-4. Remove the handle of a cranked window.\\nCrank windows are windows that can be opened by turning a small crank. Keeping cranked windows closed is very simple. You can simply remove the crank. For the most part, the crank can be removed by simply twisting it off. However, you may need a screwdriver to remove some screws in some crank windows.\\n2. Baby Proofing an Unusual Window\\n2-1. Gather your supplies.\\nSome windows are designed in an unusual fashion and do not follow the crank or sliding opening pattern. Luckily, there is a method you can use that works for most windows. You'll need the following supplies, all of which can be purchased online or at a hardware store:\\nMeasuring tape\\nVelcro strip\\nGlue\\nLexan sheet\\nIf you cannot find a lexan sheet, try another see-through plastic or light glass. Someone at the hardware store should be able to point you in the right direction.\\nThe advantage of a clear window guard is not limited to the fact it fits on most windows. A clear window guard also lets in light, preventing your home from feeling dark or dreary due to a window guard.\\n2-2. Measure your windows.\\nYou will be attaching a lexan sheet inside your window using velcro. In order to determine how big of a sheet you'll need, measure your window vertically and horizontally. Write down these dimensions.\\n2-3. Have your lexan sheet cut in the right dimensions.\\nTake your lexan sheet to a hardware store. Ask a worker to cut the sheet in the dimensions of your window. As a lexan sheet is made of plastic, it can be dangerous to attempt to cut it yourself unless you have experience working in hardware.\\n2-4. Use glue to attach the velcro.\\nAttach four strips of velcro along each side of your lexan sheet. Then, attach four strips of velcro hooks along the side of your window. Use your glue to attach the velcro. As a child is not very strong, simple craft glue should be strong enough to keep your lexan sheet in place.\\nWith very young children, velcro should be strong enough to hold the windows in place. Also, as the sheet is fit so tightly in the window, it would be difficult for a child to get a grip on the Lexan sheet to begin with.\\nIf your children are older, consider screwing the lexan sheet into the window frames. If you're renting, you should check with your landlord before drilling into the window.\\n2-5. Put your lexan sheet in place.\\nOnce the glue has dried, place your lexan sheet into the window. It will now be hard for your child to slide or push open your window, as there is a guard in place. The advantage of lexan is that it also lets light through, avoiding your room becoming dark due to a window guard.\\nIf you want to let airflow in through the window, consider drilling holes through the plastic with a power drill. Read the manufacturer's instructions on your lexan sheet first, however, to make sure you take proper safety precautions for the brand of lexan you're using.\\n3. Obtaining a Window Guard\\n3-1. Check your state's regulations.\\nWindow guards are metallic devices installed in the lower half of windows that slide open vertically. They are usually barred devices, designed to keep children from falling out of windows. Some states require window guards be installed under certain conditions.\\nWindow guards are usually required in public buildings. However, if you have a child under 10 living with you, a window guard may be mandatory by law. This varies by city and state. You can check your state's government website to find out your state's regulations. This is usually under the Department of Public Safety.\\nA window guard is not easy to install. Some states may actually require professional installation. An improperly installed window guard can easily be removed by a child. The bars of a window guard are also prone to sloppy installation and can easily be installed in a way that would allow a child to fit through the guard.\\nWhile professional installation may sound costly to you, it may actually not cost much at all. Your state may provide window guard installation for free or cheap. If you're renting a building, your landlord may be legally required to provide you with a window guard at no added cost. Once again, check with your state's Department of Public Safety.\\n3-2. Choose the correct type of window guard.\\nWindow guards come in many shapes and sizes. However, you should make sure you choose a window guard that's safe for your type of window.\\nA safe window guard should be at least 15 inches tall. The bars in the window guard should be close enough together that a 5-inch ball cannot pass through. A window bar that does not meet these regulations is not considered safe. It also may not legally count as a window guard by your state, which could land you in legal trouble depending on your state's regulations.\\nSome states, such as New York, have a list of approved window guard manufacturers. You should check to see if your state has such a list before selecting a window guard.\\nWhen purchasing a window guard, you should make sure the guard is safe for your specific type of windows. Somewhere on the ordering form or box containing the guard, it should specify what type of window this guard is compatible with. You can purchase a window guard online or at a local hardware store.\\n3-3. Obtain one-way screws.\\nIn order to be safe, window guards should not come off easily. One-way screws, installed with a Philips head screwdriver, are vital for the safe installation of window guards. Before having your guard installed, pick up a handful of one-way screws at a local hardware store.\\n3-4. Have a professional install the window guard.\\nIt is not recommended that you install a window guard yourself. Window guards are complicated to install. A faulty window guard is extremely dangerous as a child could slip and fall out of a window. Many states require professional installation.\\nCall a local hardware store and ask if they do installation. If they do not, they may be able to direct you to a local business that installs household items like window guards. Always read reviews of any establishment you're doing business with ahead of time. Make sure customers were satisfied. Good service is especially vital when the safety of your children is at stake.\\nBe sure to keep your receipt and the proof of installation, just in case something goes wrong. Keep it in a safe place where you will not lose it.\\nIf you live in an apartment, your landlord may be legally required to provide a window guard, free of charge, if you live with a child under 10. Call your landlord and request a window guard be installed as soon as possible.\\n4. Following Basic Window Safety\\n4-1. Clear the areas around windows.\\nYou should keep the areas around the window clear. If you have objects like dressers, cribs, or beds near the windows, a child could climb on these objects and get out the window.\\n4-2. Open windows from the top.\\nSome sliding windows can be opened from either the top or the bottom. If you're able to open a window from the top, do so. It will be much harder for a baby to access the top of the window than the bottom. Just to be safe, however, keep the opening less than four inches.\\n4-3. Instruct children not to play near windows.\\nTeach your children to take proper precaution involving windows. While many safety devices can reduce the chance of accidents, there is always a slight risk such devices will fail. Therefore, it's important that you keep your child away from the windows.\\nRaise your voice gently to explain to deter your child when he or she is playing near the window. Always explain why the window is dangerous. Do not just say, \\\"I don't want you playing near the window.\\\" Say, \\\"I don't want you playing near the window because you could fall and get hurt.\\\"\\nBe consistent. Keep an eye on your child at all times. Always correct the child when he or she is playing near the window.\\n4-4. Do not rely on bug screens.\\nMany people feel bug screens can safely protect a child from falling from a window. Bug screens are not window guards and should not be treated as such. Screens are flimsy and a child could easily break through a bug screen and fall.\\nWarnings\\nNo amount of babyproofing will substitute for watching your baby carefully. Babies can get themselves into dangerous situations very quickly, and it is important that they are supervised.\\nIn the event you cannot find a professional to install a window guard, check with your state's Department of Public Safety before attempting to install one yourself. It may not be legal for an average citizen to install a window guard on their own, depending on the state's regulations.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Windows can prove hazardous for babies and young children. As babies start to crawl and walk, they can fall out of a window or cut themselves on the glass. Use several different forms of babyproofing so that if your baby gets past 1, they are still safe. You should keep your windows locked at all times. If you live in a high rise building, place a guard over your window. You should also practice basic safety by keeping climbable objects away from your windows. With a little diligence, you can easily baby-proof the windows in your apartment or home.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keeping Windows Closed\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Lock your windows.\", \"描述\": \"Some windows have built-in locks you can latch shut with a key to prevent the window from opening. If your windows have keys built-in, this is your best option for baby proofing your windows. If your windows do not have keys, however, use another method. Installing keys is costly and time-consuming and it's far easier to use an alternative window locking method.\\nYou should have window locks somewhere in your home if your windows have built-in keys. They were likely given to you when you bought your home. If you're renting a building, ask your landlord for the keys to your window locks.\\nYou can also replace the lock barrels in the event you cannot find window keys. You can find replacement barrels online or at a local hardware store. How to replace lock barrels varies in terms of the type of lock used in your window. Barrels should come with manufacturer's instructions explaining how to install them.\\nIf you're unsure how to replace lock barrels yourself, hire a locksmith or handyman to do the work for you. You want to make sure the barrels are replaced correctly as it's important to lock your windows for the safety of your child.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Try window stops.\", \"描述\": \"If you have windows that slide open, a window stop is a handy plastic device you can use to stop windows from opening. You can buy window stops at most hardware stores. You can also purchase them online.\\nWindow stops are triangular shaped pieces of plastic that work by wedging the window shut. In the indent where the window slides up and down, you would wedge a window stop against the brim of the window. This should prevent the window from being opened.\\nYou want to make sure you get the right size window stop. Measure the length of the indent on your wall. Make sure the window is not wider than that indent.\\nYou can have a window opened slightly with a window stop in place. If you choose to open your window, make sure the opening is no wider than four inches. A child should not be able to fit between a gap of this size or less.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Use a charlie bar.\", \"描述\": \"A charlie bar is another device you can use to keep sliding windows closed. This is a metallic stick that fits between the top half of a wedged window and the portion of the window that slides up. If your window opens sideways, you can also fit a charlie bar into your window horizontally to keep it open. Keeping a charlie bar in place will prevent a child from opening a window.\\nKeep in mind, as your child grows older, he or she may be able to stand and reach the charlie bar. If your child is walking and getting taller, consider a method other than a charlie bar.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Remove the handle of a cranked window.\", \"描述\": \"Crank windows are windows that can be opened by turning a small crank. Keeping cranked windows closed is very simple. You can simply remove the crank. For the most part, the crank can be removed by simply twisting it off. However, you may need a screwdriver to remove some screws in some crank windows.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Baby Proofing an Unusual Window\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Gather your supplies.\", \"描述\": \"Some windows are designed in an unusual fashion and do not follow the crank or sliding opening pattern. Luckily, there is a method you can use that works for most windows. You'll need the following supplies, all of which can be purchased online or at a hardware store:\\nMeasuring tape\\nVelcro strip\\nGlue\\nLexan sheet\\nIf you cannot find a lexan sheet, try another see-through plastic or light glass. Someone at the hardware store should be able to point you in the right direction.\\nThe advantage of a clear window guard is not limited to the fact it fits on most windows. A clear window guard also lets in light, preventing your home from feeling dark or dreary due to a window guard.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Measure your windows.\", \"描述\": \"You will be attaching a lexan sheet inside your window using velcro. In order to determine how big of a sheet you'll need, measure your window vertically and horizontally. Write down these dimensions.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Have your lexan sheet cut in the right dimensions.\", \"描述\": \"Take your lexan sheet to a hardware store. Ask a worker to cut the sheet in the dimensions of your window. As a lexan sheet is made of plastic, it can be dangerous to attempt to cut it yourself unless you have experience working in hardware.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Use glue to attach the velcro.\", \"描述\": \"Attach four strips of velcro along each side of your lexan sheet. Then, attach four strips of velcro hooks along the side of your window. Use your glue to attach the velcro. As a child is not very strong, simple craft glue should be strong enough to keep your lexan sheet in place.\\nWith very young children, velcro should be strong enough to hold the windows in place. Also, as the sheet is fit so tightly in the window, it would be difficult for a child to get a grip on the Lexan sheet to begin with.\\nIf your children are older, consider screwing the lexan sheet into the window frames. If you're renting, you should check with your landlord before drilling into the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Put your lexan sheet in place.\", \"描述\": \"Once the glue has dried, place your lexan sheet into the window. It will now be hard for your child to slide or push open your window, as there is a guard in place. The advantage of lexan is that it also lets light through, avoiding your room becoming dark due to a window guard.\\nIf you want to let airflow in through the window, consider drilling holes through the plastic with a power drill. Read the manufacturer's instructions on your lexan sheet first, however, to make sure you take proper safety precautions for the brand of lexan you're using.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Obtaining a Window Guard\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Check your state's regulations.\", \"描述\": \"Window guards are metallic devices installed in the lower half of windows that slide open vertically. They are usually barred devices, designed to keep children from falling out of windows. Some states require window guards be installed under certain conditions.\\nWindow guards are usually required in public buildings. However, if you have a child under 10 living with you, a window guard may be mandatory by law. This varies by city and state. You can check your state's government website to find out your state's regulations. This is usually under the Department of Public Safety.\\nA window guard is not easy to install. Some states may actually require professional installation. An improperly installed window guard can easily be removed by a child. The bars of a window guard are also prone to sloppy installation and can easily be installed in a way that would allow a child to fit through the guard.\\nWhile professional installation may sound costly to you, it may actually not cost much at all. Your state may provide window guard installation for free or cheap. If you're renting a building, your landlord may be legally required to provide you with a window guard at no added cost. Once again, check with your state's Department of Public Safety.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Choose the correct type of window guard.\", \"描述\": \"Window guards come in many shapes and sizes. However, you should make sure you choose a window guard that's safe for your type of window.\\nA safe window guard should be at least 15 inches tall. The bars in the window guard should be close enough together that a 5-inch ball cannot pass through. A window bar that does not meet these regulations is not considered safe. It also may not legally count as a window guard by your state, which could land you in legal trouble depending on your state's regulations.\\nSome states, such as New York, have a list of approved window guard manufacturers. You should check to see if your state has such a list before selecting a window guard.\\nWhen purchasing a window guard, you should make sure the guard is safe for your specific type of windows. Somewhere on the ordering form or box containing the guard, it should specify what type of window this guard is compatible with. You can purchase a window guard online or at a local hardware store.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Obtain one-way screws.\", \"描述\": \"In order to be safe, window guards should not come off easily. One-way screws, installed with a Philips head screwdriver, are vital for the safe installation of window guards. Before having your guard installed, pick up a handful of one-way screws at a local hardware store.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Have a professional install the window guard.\", \"描述\": \"It is not recommended that you install a window guard yourself. Window guards are complicated to install. A faulty window guard is extremely dangerous as a child could slip and fall out of a window. Many states require professional installation.\\nCall a local hardware store and ask if they do installation. If they do not, they may be able to direct you to a local business that installs household items like window guards. Always read reviews of any establishment you're doing business with ahead of time. Make sure customers were satisfied. Good service is especially vital when the safety of your children is at stake.\\nBe sure to keep your receipt and the proof of installation, just in case something goes wrong. Keep it in a safe place where you will not lose it.\\nIf you live in an apartment, your landlord may be legally required to provide a window guard, free of charge, if you live with a child under 10. Call your landlord and request a window guard be installed as soon as possible.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Following Basic Window Safety\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Clear the areas around windows.\", \"描述\": \"You should keep the areas around the window clear. If you have objects like dressers, cribs, or beds near the windows, a child could climb on these objects and get out the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open windows from the top.\", \"描述\": \"Some sliding windows can be opened from either the top or the bottom. If you're able to open a window from the top, do so. It will be much harder for a baby to access the top of the window than the bottom. Just to be safe, however, keep the opening less than four inches.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Instruct children not to play near windows.\", \"描述\": \"Teach your children to take proper precaution involving windows. While many safety devices can reduce the chance of accidents, there is always a slight risk such devices will fail. Therefore, it's important that you keep your child away from the windows.\\nRaise your voice gently to explain to deter your child when he or she is playing near the window. Always explain why the window is dangerous. Do not just say, \\\"I don't want you playing near the window.\\\" Say, \\\"I don't want you playing near the window because you could fall and get hurt.\\\"\\nBe consistent. Keep an eye on your child at all times. Always correct the child when he or she is playing near the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Do not rely on bug screens.\", \"描述\": \"Many people feel bug screens can safely protect a child from falling from a window. Bug screens are not window guards and should not be treated as such. Screens are flimsy and a child could easily break through a bug screen and fall.\"}], \"注意事项\": [\"No amount of babyproofing will substitute for watching your baby carefully. Babies can get themselves into dangerous situations very quickly, and it is important that they are supervised.\\n\", \"In the event you cannot find a professional to install a window guard, check with your state's Department of Public Safety before attempting to install one yourself. It may not be legal for an average citizen to install a window guard on their own, depending on the state's regulations.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,296 | How to Babysit | 1. Being a Successful Babysitter
1-1. Spend time getting to know the kids.
Babysitting is as much a job as it is an opportunity to enjoy the company of children. The kids will be more receptive to you and your rules if they like you, and they’ll grow to like you faster if you try to develop a relationship with them. Talk with them, ask them questions, and joke around in order to develop a good relationship. Younger kids might not want to talk for too long, so try to incorporate during play or activities.
1-2. Learn how to change a diaper.
If the children you are watching are under 3 years old, chances are they’re still in diapers. If you’ve never changed a child’s diaper before, ask the parents to show you how they do it.
1-3. Know how to feed children.
You should know how to bottle-feed, spoon feed, and keep children safe in the kitchen.
Feed the children healthy food. It is not good babysitting to just allow the children to eat whatever. Tell them before they get crackers they have to eat a piece of fruit. These things include apples, carrots, grapes, and oranges.
Be sure the child doesn't have something they are not allowed to have (such as a cookie or ice cream) too often.
1-4. Find out the bedtime routine.
Give a warning before sending kids to bed. You may want to let them stay up 10-15 minutes past what their parents allow—just be sure they know it's a special treat. Other than that, be firm with when it's time to go to sleep. Be prepared for some whining. For older kids, you need to know the difference between real problems and stall tactics. For babies, you have to be sure the sleep environment is safe.
End-of-day routines help kids wind down and signal their bodies that it's time for sleep. Ask parents what they usually do before bedtime. Maybe they have rules like no TV or computer time for an hour before bedtime. If they typically read, talk quietly, or listen to music before bed, follow the same routine.
Go through the basics. Take a child to the bathroom (or put on a nighttime diaper). Help the child brush their teeth. Find out from parents what else is necessary before the kid hops under the covers.
Always put babies (and children) to bed in their designated sleep space (be it a bed, crib, bassinet, etc.) This is especially important for babies, who can be injured if their sleep space isn't how it should be. Remove padding, pillows, stuffed animals, and other items from the crib, if these items are present. Be sure to lay babies on their back when putting them to sleep. It helps reduce the risk of suffocation.
Give the child any comfort items, such as pacifiers, stuffed animals, or blankets, that they usually sleep with. Do not give stuffed animals and similar to babies.
If a child calls you/wakes up, wait a minute before going in. They may fall back asleep on their own. If a baby can't go back to sleep, stroke them gently on the arms or belly. If the baby uses a pacifier, that can also help. Find out what calming tactics the parents use.
1-5. Join in with their play time activities.
Although your job is to watch over the children, you should be interacting with them as much as possible by playing with them. Play will vary based on their ages; if you’re watching an infant you may be doing nothing more than making faces and holding up toys. Get creative with the things you come up with for the children to do to keep them interested and out of trouble. Make-believe games are great fun. You could even make up a simple handshake with the children.
Be an entertainer. Parents love babysitters who help kids have fun and learn while still reinforcing rules and keeping discipline. Ask kids to show you their favorite toys. Find out from parents and other babysitters what games kids of different ages like to play. Get the kids outdoors if you can.
Playing with toys, board games, and activity-based games are all good options for older children. Ask what their favorite thing to do is. You can also bring a few of your favorite games and toys from when you were their age, like Monopoly, Life, Candyland, Uno, or other card games.
Stay off screens. Parents are paying you to watch the kid, not put them in front of a television all day.
1-6. Tell stories.
Kids like stories, and they'll be impressed by even the worst storytellers. Come equipped with obscure fairy tales they probably haven't heard, like "The Shoemaker and the Elves" or "The Twelve Dancing Princesses." You can even use stories as rewards.
1-7. Come up with fun projects.
If you’re spending a long time watching the children, you can do projects together that are enjoyable for everyone. Consider doing an arts and crafts project or cooking/baking a new recipe (or an old favorite) together. Boxed mixes of brownies, cookies, and cakes taste delicious.
Making something will feel productive, pass the time, and give the kids something to be proud of.
1-8. Take them to a playground if the parents say it's okay.
Simple games like tag and hide and seek get kids active and help them stay fit. Dancing with them is great exercise, too!
If you can’t leave the property, play outside in the yard, if possible.
1-9. Check in often.
Kids aren't as good at regulating their time as adults are, and often forget to perform basic bodily necessities. Check once every hour or so to see if they need to go to the bathroom, need water to drink, are tired, or are hungry. Most of the time they won’t think to tell you these things on their own, so always be sure to ask.
1-10. Follow the schedule.
Assuming the parents gave you a basic outline of daily activities, you should be sure you are keeping up with it. Make sure you are feeding the kid(s) at proper meal times, giving them naps, having them do their homework on schedule, etc.
1-11. Watch a movie if allowed.
If there is time watch a movie with the kids, you can do so towards the end to settle the children down before their parents arrive. If you are babysitting for less than 3 hours, this probably isn't a good idea, as the parents may get mad at you for putting their kid(s) in front of television for half the time. Consider movies such as:
Tarzan
Finding Nemo
Tangled
Wreck-It Ralph
2. Babysitting Tips
2-1. Ask the parents questions before you take the job.
You don’t have to accept every babysitting job you’re offered. It’s really important that you feel comfortable and up for the responsibility. Talk to the parents before you babysit to make sure you’re ready. Ask questions like:
How many kids will I be babysitting?
How old are the kids?
What time will you be leaving and coming home?
What do you expect from a babysitter? Will I need to feed the kids? Put them to bed?
Do the kids need help with brushing their teeth or using the restroom?
Are the children allergic to anything?
What should I do if there’s a fire?
2-2. Get a list of emergency numbers.
It’s very unlikely that anything bad will happen, but it’s always best to be prepared. On your phone number list, write down the home’s address and home telephone number if there is one. That way, you can easily provide them in the case of an emergency. Make sure you have the following phone numbers:
The children’s parents
Neighbors
Their doctor
Poison control
Fire and rescue
Police
2-3. Keep a checklist for each family your babysit for.
A checklist will make your job so much easier. On your checklist, write the children’s schedule, the house rules, and the foods the kids can eat. Include information about meal times, nap times, and bedtimes. Additionally, note if the parents allow you to have friends over, and any friends they’ve approved.
Bring the checklist every time you babysit so you can easily fulfill your duties. That way, you can focus more on having a great time with the kids.
2-4. Assemble a “babysitting bag” with supplies and toys.
Preparing your bag in advance saves you time on the day of your babysitting job. Additionally, it’ll help you be the babysitter all the kids ask for because you have special toys and games. In your bag, you might include:
Your babysitting checklist.
Tips for babysitting.
Age-appropriate games.
Age-appropriate toys.
Art supplies.
Books.
Puzzles.
2-5. Wear comfortable clothing.
Babysitting can be quite the adventure, especially if the kids are imaginative. You might find yourself chasing pirates or having a dance off. Pick an outfit that you can easily run around in.
Your shoes are probably the most important part of your outfit. Wear shoes you can run in without tripping or losing a shoe.
2-6. Get to the home before the parents leave.
Your job technically starts a few minutes before the parents are scheduled to leave. Before they head out, double check with them that you have all the proper instructions. Additionally, ask for a tour of the home if it’s your first time there. You’ll look super professional and your job will be off to an easy start.
2-7. Contact the parents if you need help.
Sometimes things go wrong when you’re babysitting, so don’t be afraid to reach out. For small issues, send a quick text to ask for help. If you need help right away, call them and tell them what’s wrong.
You could text them things like, “I can’t find the extra toilet paper,” “How many snacks did you say they could have?” or “Where can I find Kiley’s favorite stuffie?”
On the other hand, call the parents if something more serious happens, such as a child getting sick or a child who won't stop crying.
2-8. Play with the kids.
Both you and the kids will have a better experience if you play. The sky’s the limit when it comes to activities. You can keep it simple and play with toys, games, or puzzles. Or, get creative and make a craft, put on a play, or pretend to be pirates. Just have fun!
Always ask the kids what they want to do. You’ll have a much easier time if you play with their favorite toys or play games that they like.
2-9. Be kind to the kids, even if they misbehave.
One of the hardest parts of babysitting is dealing with a child who’s acting out. Fortunately, this won’t happen very often. Dealing with these kinds of problems can be really stressful, but try to stay calm because it’s super easy to hurt a child’s feelings. If you do have a kid misbehave, stay calm and gently remind them what they’re supposed to do.
You might say, “Your mom said we can’t throw balls in the house, remember? Let’s play a different game.”
You could also say, “It’s not okay to hit. Why don’t you say you’re sorry so we can go play some more?”
If the behavior continues, you may have to contact their parent.
2-10. Keep your eyes on the kids at all times.
As the babysitter, it’s up to you to keep the children safe. Children are really curious and very clever, so they can quickly get themselves into trouble when left unattended. Focus on them for the entire time they’re in your care.
If you put the children to bed, continue to check on them every 15 minutes. Make sure they’re still in bed and sleeping peacefully.
2-11. Don’t open the door for strangers.
Keep the front door shut and locked for the entire time you’re babysitting. Only open the door for someone you’re expecting. If someone you don’t know comes over, tell them they can come back later.
Don’t tell strangers you’re the babysitter. Just say that it isn’t a good time. You could say, “Right now’s not a good time for us. You can come back tomorrow if this is important.”
2-12. Be flexible.
Sometimes the parents will need you to arrive a bit earlier than planned, or they may be running late on their way home. Be open to staying a little late or coming early when they need you. On the plus side, they'll see you're a dependable, reliable babysitter, so they may hire you more.
Sometimes you just can't stay late, such as when you have a curfew. Tell the parents before they leave so they're home on time.
3. Avoiding Mistakes
3-1. Do not leave the children in your care alone.
No matter what the circumstances are, your job as a babysitter is to watch the children in their home and you shouldn’t leave them. Make sure you never leave the children alone in the house. Being in a different room is fine unless you're caring for a baby but running up to the store for ingredients or taking a walk without them is out of the question.
This applies even for older children, unless the parents gave you explicit directions stating that they could be home alone for a small period of time.
3-2. Don’t bring people over to the house.
Unless the children you are caring for have friends who were pre-planned on coming over, no one should enter the home at any point during your stay. You should not have people—friends or family—coming over to spend time hanging out while you should be working unless you've agreed this in advance with the parent/s.
It can be tempting to invite a friend over late at night while the kids are asleep, but even this is off limits unless the parents have approved.
3-3. Don’t abuse electronics use.
With cell phones, tablets, and laptops more prevalent now than ever, it can be easy to get caught up texting friends or scrolling through Facebook. Just like many jobs, your electronics should be turned off or used only in case of emergency.
3-4. Don’t play movies/TV on repeat.
Children will often ask to just watch movies or TV, and while these may be appropriate in short allotments, several hours of them becomes laziness. If the parents haven’t set an electronics maximum, try to keep it at two hours or less. The children will enjoy having someone to play with, and the parents won’t think that you’re lazy or slacking on the job.
3-5. Clean up
Although it is sometimes forgotten, a major part of babysitting is cleaning up after the children. You may not have much of a mess to deal with, but if you cooked or did a project, be sure to put everything back in its place. The parents will appreciate coming home to a clean house and will be more likely to rehire you again in the future.
Always clean up after yourself. If you and the children make a mess, pick up before the parents arrive.
Play cleaning games with the kid. Say whoever picks up the most wins or makeup a silly game that includes cleaning.
Usually there is a mess when you get there, pick it up. Everyone appreciates it when they come home to a house cleaner then when they left it.
3-6. Don't let the children "get away" with things.
It's tempting to be the "cool" babysitter who lets kids get away with things parents never allow. Remember, you're not their parents, so you don't really have much say in how the house rules go. You can't be a child's friend all the time.
Know when to say no and when it's OK to let something small go like letting children stay up 5 minutes past bedtime on occasion.
Children will challenge you. Pushing boundaries to see how much they can get away with is a normal way kids (even toddlers) learn and figure out where they stand. Check in with parents to find out what the rules are, then follow them, even if you don't agree with them!
The best babysitters think of the job as a responsibility first, with having fun, or earning money, second. Few things are as rewarding as knowing you've earned a child's trust and affection.
Always feel free to call the parents if you feel you need to. It is better to be safe than sorry, and most likely the parents will appreciate your concern.
3-7. Make sure that you know procedures for emergencies.
Before the parents leave, find out who to call, what to do, and where to go in case of an emergency. Your priority is keeping the children safe.
Get all relevant information regarding emergencies before the parents/guardians leave. This could be emergency numbers, where the main "Home" phone is kept, where a spare door key is, etc. Try not to come off as nosy, and the adult(s) will realize that you are just attempting to help. In this way you can be sure of what to do in an emergency and get the children out.
In the event of an emergency, such as a fire, drop everything and get the child or children and yourself out of the house. Do not reenter the house, do not let go of the children and call emergency services as soon as possible.
4. Preparing for the Job
4-1. Get the parents’ and child's information.
When you arrive on site for the job, start by getting all the information about the parents’ whereabouts for when they leave. Write down their full names and phone numbers, the address(es) of their destination(s), and their estimated time of arrival back at the house, and an emergency contact. Also take down any information on the child, such as allergies (or other health information). This list will need to be longer and more detailed for longer time periods.
Have the parents show you the location of first aid supplies and medications.
Get a list of medications that each child may need to take, or is able to take in case of injury or illness (such as Tylenol for growing pains or a headache).
Write down the child/children’s schedule. Most families have a general (or sometimes more specific) timetable of events in a child’s day. This typically includes meal times, the times for certain chores/homework periods, and bedtime. Getting this written down in advance will mean that the child (if they’re older) won’t be able to pull the wool over your eyes once their parents are gone.
4-2. Find out what activities are allowed.
Each household you work in will be slightly different, and it is important to find out what activities are allowed in each. Ask about television/video game/computer time, when/where the child may be allowed to play outside, if their friends are allowed over, and any areas of the house that may be off-limits. These rules may vary from child to child in the same household depending on age, so be sure to specify.
Assume you are not allowed to take photos or video or the children. Ask if you are allowed to take and/or post pictures of videos of the children if you have a valid reason for doing this.
Find out what you are allowed to do when the children are sleeping, if applicable. For instance, you may want to ask if you can use social media, watch TV, or, on rare occasions have friends over.
4-3. Set up a menu for your time there.
It is always good to have a plan. Depending on how long you’ll be babysitting, you may have to feed the child/children a meal or two. Ask the parents about what foods they prefer you prepare and serve, and what foods are appropriate for snack time.
Clarify about any foods that aren’t allowed; these are typically candy and dessert-related goodies that the kids might ask for when their parents aren’t supervising.
Kids, especially toddlers, may not want to play the activities you have planned. Be sure to come with backups and don't worry about staying too close to the activities part of the plan, as long as they don't use electronic devices too often.
4-4. Find out what consequences are used when the child misbehaves.
It is fairly likely that at some point in time, a child you are watching will misbehave. Rather than guessing and either punishing them too little or too much, ask the parents what they typically do for small misbehaviors. Many times this includes having privileges revoked or being put in time-out.
A parent could also say that you are not to punish them, and instead should report all misbehaviors to them.
5. Becoming a Babysitter
5-1. Be a mother's helper.
Being in a home while a parent is there will give you a chance to practice childcare skills and gain some valuable experience which will improve your chances of getting babysitting work. Helping out with your own younger siblings is excellent practice, too. If you don't have younger siblings try doing this with a little cousin or close friend's kids.
Carefully observe the parents as they perform tasks you haven’t done before or are uncomfortable with. Ask for help learning skills you feel uneasy about, such as bathing a baby. Also, note your strengths, such as helping children with homework. These things can be included in your resume which will be explained in fuller detail later.
5-2. Attend a childcare or babysitting class.
In some areas, it is necessary to be licensed or certified before babysitting. Either way, it is helpful to know basic child-care responsibilities and techniques. Look for childcare, CPR, and first-aid classes in your area so that you are well-prepared and qualified for your first babysitting job. These can often be found at Red Cross, YMCA, and other community centers.
Try reading books about babysitting. These will answer many common questions about the care of infants and children in day-to-day and emergency situations.
5-3. Set up a schedule.
As a babysitter, you are likely working for yourself, unless you're a registered childminder, an au pair or a nanny. If you expect to be babysitting a lot, you'll have to make and maintain your own schedule. It may seem old-fashioned but filling out a calendar with all your free days and times, so that when a parent calls to schedule you for babysitting you'll know exactly when you are available is crucial.
Creating a color-coding system may be helpful in organizing your ‘busy’ days on the calendar.
Update your schedule frequently so that you don’t accidentally double-book yourself.
Having a standard schedule with all of your other activities, sports, etc. can also be helpful for parents.
5-4. Decide upon a rate of pay.
Although some parents have a specific rate in mind when they hire a babysitter, many rely on the sitter to provide their hourly wage. There are two options for selecting a rate: being paid a flat rate per hour, or being paid per child. The former is better for small families while the latter is best if you plan on watching more than two children at once. You may want to charge more for weekends or for babysitting after midnight.
Flat rate hourly wages typically range from $9-$15 per hour, but can be significantly more or less depending on the household and the area in which you or the family lives.
Per child wages range from $7-$10 per child, per hour. However, to get a better idea of the competition and to see what is suitable for the conditions, get an overview of what others in your area are charging for a family the size of the family you are sitting for.
5-5. Create a list of health/safety information.
You will also need personalized information for each child (such as allergy information), but you should have one generalized list of "worst-case-scenario" phone numbers. Keep all the information in a small notebook, a note-taking app, a binder, etc. so you have it with you at all times. You may want to include:
Poison control
Police station
Fire department
Nurse hotline
A trusted person who has children (like an aunt or parent) to contact in case of a minor case of confusion
Any other relevant numbers
Forms for the parents to fill out.
5-6. Market yourself.
If you're new to babysitting, you'll need to let people know you're available. Word of mouth is often the easiest way to land a job. Talk to your neighbors, people from your church, or families at your school who have young kids. Ask friends who are babysitters if they know of any openings. If you have an older sibling who is moving on to another job, contact their clients.
It's always best to babysit for someone you know or someone you've heard about from a friend. If you're new to babysitting, you may choose to only babysit for those you know.
If word of mouth doesn't work, consider advertising in your neighborhood. You can use flyers delivered to homes in your area or send out an email if your neighborhood provides a list of residents. If you decide to advertise, check with your parents first. They need to know when you put out personal information. Put a flyer on any community notice boards.
Put together a résumé outlining any specific skills, experience, and training you have.
If you are old enough, register yourself on babysitting websites. Keep in mind that some of these won't accept you unless you are a certain age.
5-7. Be prepared to be interviewed.
It's hard enough to find parents who are looking for babysitters. The next step, and perhaps the hardest, is to make yourself seem worthy of the job. Set up interviews so you can get to know the parents and their children.
Just as you'll be finding out if the job sounds good, the parents will be looking to learn as much as possible about you. Tell them about yourself, your family, your school, and why you want to babysit.
Be prepared with a list of questions so you know what's expected of you. Write them down so you don't forget to ask anything. The answers you get to questions like these will help you decide if it's the right job for you.
If you've interviewed the family and met the kids but still want to learn more, suggest another visit so you can spend more time with the kids. Most parents will be happy that you want to find out as much as you can.
5-8. Know your comfort zone and its limits.
Before you go, know what you're comfortable with and what you're not. You need to feel in control. If you're unsure about a job, it's better to wait for the next one. Your safety is as important as the safety of the kids you'll be watching. If this is a first babysitting job, make sure you feel comfortable about the family. Trust your instincts, and don't feel like you have to accept the job on the spot.
Tell the family you need to talk it over with your parents before committing to the job. When you know what you want and what to expect, babysitting is a better experience for both you and the kids.
If you don't feel like you have the skills to look after a newborn, don't take the job.
If you're allergic to certain animals, you may need to turn down a job if the family has pets.
Get to know the children beforehand to know if you are ready to babysit them. This also might help them see you as an authority, and prevent the tears when the parents leave.
5-9. Ask yourself these questions before you decide to take the leap:
Do you enjoy spending time with children?
Are you prepared to take care of kids?
Do you have an awareness of young children's needs?
Have you taken a babysitting course?
Do you have experience taking care of younger siblings or relatives?
What can you offer to the kids and their families?
Do you want to babysit occasionally or find a regular babysitting position?
If income is a concern, will the hours and payment meet your needs?
How many kids will you be taking care of?
What are their ages? The amount of care needed differs with age.
Do the kids have any special needs? Special diets?
Does the family have pets? A pool?
What are the hours you're expected to work?
What are you allowed to do in the home (e.g., use their computer, help yourself to food and snacks or bring your own)?
If you have your license, are you expected to drive the kids?
Tips
Take a babysitting course if you can. That way, you can learn from experts in babysitting so you’ll be ready to handle any problems that come your way.[26]
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Research source
If a kid is choking, pat it on the back as hard as you can. If the item still does not come out, stick two fingers into the child's mouth and try to pull it out!
If you're bathing a child, don't leave them alone for even a few seconds. Make sure that you have all the necessary bathing equipment in the bathroom before you put the child in the bathtub.
Warnings
If you are babysitting an infant, only feed them food the size of their fist or smaller.
Never spank or hit a child. Before the parents leave, ask them what kinds of consequences they want you to use if their child misbehaves and respect their wishes.
Don't ever leave the kids with strangers, even if the kids seem to know them.
Be sure to watch your language and actions. Children pick up on anything quickly and will claim to their parents you taught them how.
Remember to never accept jobs you don't feel comfortable doing. Whether that's because of location, age, or the number of kids.
The kids may get annoying, work through it.
Avoid falling asleep while babysitting unless you are babysitting overnight (or the parents are coming home very late and have said it's okay). It's never a good idea to fall asleep on the job, especially since the kids you're babysitting could get into mischief and trouble.
Kid-proof the areas you will be playing in. Make sure all electrical outlets are covered and put all sharp objects away. Make sure you do not let the kids get near cleaning fluids. Keep all types of medicines away, the child could think it is candy and gobble them up. Close all windows. If you're watching a toddler, keep all doors leading to basement stairs closed, and all bathroom doors closed.
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"create_time": "20230517 10:49:43",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Being a Successful Babysitter\\n1-1. Spend time getting to know the kids.\\nBabysitting is as much a job as it is an opportunity to enjoy the company of children. The kids will be more receptive to you and your rules if they like you, and they’ll grow to like you faster if you try to develop a relationship with them. Talk with them, ask them questions, and joke around in order to develop a good relationship. Younger kids might not want to talk for too long, so try to incorporate during play or activities.\\n1-2. Learn how to change a diaper.\\nIf the children you are watching are under 3 years old, chances are they’re still in diapers. If you’ve never changed a child’s diaper before, ask the parents to show you how they do it.\\n1-3. Know how to feed children.\\nYou should know how to bottle-feed, spoon feed, and keep children safe in the kitchen.\\nFeed the children healthy food. It is not good babysitting to just allow the children to eat whatever. Tell them before they get crackers they have to eat a piece of fruit. These things include apples, carrots, grapes, and oranges.\\nBe sure the child doesn't have something they are not allowed to have (such as a cookie or ice cream) too often.\\n1-4. Find out the bedtime routine.\\nGive a warning before sending kids to bed. You may want to let them stay up 10-15 minutes past what their parents allow—just be sure they know it's a special treat. Other than that, be firm with when it's time to go to sleep. Be prepared for some whining. For older kids, you need to know the difference between real problems and stall tactics. For babies, you have to be sure the sleep environment is safe.\\nEnd-of-day routines help kids wind down and signal their bodies that it's time for sleep. Ask parents what they usually do before bedtime. Maybe they have rules like no TV or computer time for an hour before bedtime. If they typically read, talk quietly, or listen to music before bed, follow the same routine.\\nGo through the basics. Take a child to the bathroom (or put on a nighttime diaper). Help the child brush their teeth. Find out from parents what else is necessary before the kid hops under the covers.\\nAlways put babies (and children) to bed in their designated sleep space (be it a bed, crib, bassinet, etc.) This is especially important for babies, who can be injured if their sleep space isn't how it should be. Remove padding, pillows, stuffed animals, and other items from the crib, if these items are present. Be sure to lay babies on their back when putting them to sleep. It helps reduce the risk of suffocation.\\nGive the child any comfort items, such as pacifiers, stuffed animals, or blankets, that they usually sleep with. Do not give stuffed animals and similar to babies.\\nIf a child calls you/wakes up, wait a minute before going in. They may fall back asleep on their own. If a baby can't go back to sleep, stroke them gently on the arms or belly. If the baby uses a pacifier, that can also help. Find out what calming tactics the parents use.\\n1-5. Join in with their play time activities.\\nAlthough your job is to watch over the children, you should be interacting with them as much as possible by playing with them. Play will vary based on their ages; if you’re watching an infant you may be doing nothing more than making faces and holding up toys. Get creative with the things you come up with for the children to do to keep them interested and out of trouble. Make-believe games are great fun. You could even make up a simple handshake with the children.\\nBe an entertainer. Parents love babysitters who help kids have fun and learn while still reinforcing rules and keeping discipline. Ask kids to show you their favorite toys. Find out from parents and other babysitters what games kids of different ages like to play. Get the kids outdoors if you can.\\nPlaying with toys, board games, and activity-based games are all good options for older children. Ask what their favorite thing to do is. You can also bring a few of your favorite games and toys from when you were their age, like Monopoly, Life, Candyland, Uno, or other card games.\\nStay off screens. Parents are paying you to watch the kid, not put them in front of a television all day.\\n1-6. Tell stories.\\nKids like stories, and they'll be impressed by even the worst storytellers. Come equipped with obscure fairy tales they probably haven't heard, like \\\"The Shoemaker and the Elves\\\" or \\\"The Twelve Dancing Princesses.\\\" You can even use stories as rewards.\\n1-7. Come up with fun projects.\\nIf you’re spending a long time watching the children, you can do projects together that are enjoyable for everyone. Consider doing an arts and crafts project or cooking/baking a new recipe (or an old favorite) together. Boxed mixes of brownies, cookies, and cakes taste delicious.\\nMaking something will feel productive, pass the time, and give the kids something to be proud of.\\n1-8. Take them to a playground if the parents say it's okay.\\nSimple games like tag and hide and seek get kids active and help them stay fit. Dancing with them is great exercise, too!\\nIf you can’t leave the property, play outside in the yard, if possible.\\n1-9. Check in often.\\nKids aren't as good at regulating their time as adults are, and often forget to perform basic bodily necessities. Check once every hour or so to see if they need to go to the bathroom, need water to drink, are tired, or are hungry. Most of the time they won’t think to tell you these things on their own, so always be sure to ask.\\n1-10. Follow the schedule.\\nAssuming the parents gave you a basic outline of daily activities, you should be sure you are keeping up with it. Make sure you are feeding the kid(s) at proper meal times, giving them naps, having them do their homework on schedule, etc.\\n1-11. Watch a movie if allowed.\\nIf there is time watch a movie with the kids, you can do so towards the end to settle the children down before their parents arrive. If you are babysitting for less than 3 hours, this probably isn't a good idea, as the parents may get mad at you for putting their kid(s) in front of television for half the time. Consider movies such as:\\nTarzan\\nFinding Nemo\\nTangled\\nWreck-It Ralph\\n2. Babysitting Tips\\n2-1. Ask the parents questions before you take the job.\\nYou don’t have to accept every babysitting job you’re offered. It’s really important that you feel comfortable and up for the responsibility. Talk to the parents before you babysit to make sure you’re ready. Ask questions like:\\nHow many kids will I be babysitting?\\nHow old are the kids?\\nWhat time will you be leaving and coming home?\\nWhat do you expect from a babysitter? Will I need to feed the kids? Put them to bed?\\nDo the kids need help with brushing their teeth or using the restroom?\\nAre the children allergic to anything?\\nWhat should I do if there’s a fire?\\n2-2. Get a list of emergency numbers.\\nIt’s very unlikely that anything bad will happen, but it’s always best to be prepared. On your phone number list, write down the home’s address and home telephone number if there is one. That way, you can easily provide them in the case of an emergency. Make sure you have the following phone numbers:\\nThe children’s parents\\nNeighbors\\nTheir doctor\\nPoison control\\nFire and rescue\\nPolice\\n2-3. Keep a checklist for each family your babysit for.\\nA checklist will make your job so much easier. On your checklist, write the children’s schedule, the house rules, and the foods the kids can eat. Include information about meal times, nap times, and bedtimes. Additionally, note if the parents allow you to have friends over, and any friends they’ve approved.\\nBring the checklist every time you babysit so you can easily fulfill your duties. That way, you can focus more on having a great time with the kids.\\n2-4. Assemble a “babysitting bag” with supplies and toys.\\nPreparing your bag in advance saves you time on the day of your babysitting job. Additionally, it’ll help you be the babysitter all the kids ask for because you have special toys and games. In your bag, you might include:\\nYour babysitting checklist.\\nTips for babysitting.\\nAge-appropriate games.\\nAge-appropriate toys.\\nArt supplies.\\nBooks.\\nPuzzles.\\n2-5. Wear comfortable clothing.\\nBabysitting can be quite the adventure, especially if the kids are imaginative. You might find yourself chasing pirates or having a dance off. Pick an outfit that you can easily run around in.\\nYour shoes are probably the most important part of your outfit. Wear shoes you can run in without tripping or losing a shoe.\\n2-6. Get to the home before the parents leave.\\nYour job technically starts a few minutes before the parents are scheduled to leave. Before they head out, double check with them that you have all the proper instructions. Additionally, ask for a tour of the home if it’s your first time there. You’ll look super professional and your job will be off to an easy start.\\n2-7. Contact the parents if you need help.\\nSometimes things go wrong when you’re babysitting, so don’t be afraid to reach out. For small issues, send a quick text to ask for help. If you need help right away, call them and tell them what’s wrong.\\nYou could text them things like, “I can’t find the extra toilet paper,” “How many snacks did you say they could have?” or “Where can I find Kiley’s favorite stuffie?”\\nOn the other hand, call the parents if something more serious happens, such as a child getting sick or a child who won't stop crying.\\n2-8. Play with the kids.\\nBoth you and the kids will have a better experience if you play. The sky’s the limit when it comes to activities. You can keep it simple and play with toys, games, or puzzles. Or, get creative and make a craft, put on a play, or pretend to be pirates. Just have fun!\\nAlways ask the kids what they want to do. You’ll have a much easier time if you play with their favorite toys or play games that they like.\\n2-9. Be kind to the kids, even if they misbehave.\\nOne of the hardest parts of babysitting is dealing with a child who’s acting out. Fortunately, this won’t happen very often. Dealing with these kinds of problems can be really stressful, but try to stay calm because it’s super easy to hurt a child’s feelings. If you do have a kid misbehave, stay calm and gently remind them what they’re supposed to do.\\nYou might say, “Your mom said we can’t throw balls in the house, remember? Let’s play a different game.”\\nYou could also say, “It’s not okay to hit. Why don’t you say you’re sorry so we can go play some more?”\\nIf the behavior continues, you may have to contact their parent.\\n2-10. Keep your eyes on the kids at all times.\\nAs the babysitter, it’s up to you to keep the children safe. Children are really curious and very clever, so they can quickly get themselves into trouble when left unattended. Focus on them for the entire time they’re in your care.\\nIf you put the children to bed, continue to check on them every 15 minutes. Make sure they’re still in bed and sleeping peacefully.\\n2-11. Don’t open the door for strangers.\\nKeep the front door shut and locked for the entire time you’re babysitting. Only open the door for someone you’re expecting. If someone you don’t know comes over, tell them they can come back later.\\nDon’t tell strangers you’re the babysitter. Just say that it isn’t a good time. You could say, “Right now’s not a good time for us. You can come back tomorrow if this is important.”\\n2-12. Be flexible.\\nSometimes the parents will need you to arrive a bit earlier than planned, or they may be running late on their way home. Be open to staying a little late or coming early when they need you. On the plus side, they'll see you're a dependable, reliable babysitter, so they may hire you more.\\nSometimes you just can't stay late, such as when you have a curfew. Tell the parents before they leave so they're home on time.\\n3. Avoiding Mistakes\\n3-1. Do not leave the children in your care alone.\\nNo matter what the circumstances are, your job as a babysitter is to watch the children in their home and you shouldn’t leave them. Make sure you never leave the children alone in the house. Being in a different room is fine unless you're caring for a baby but running up to the store for ingredients or taking a walk without them is out of the question.\\nThis applies even for older children, unless the parents gave you explicit directions stating that they could be home alone for a small period of time.\\n3-2. Don’t bring people over to the house.\\nUnless the children you are caring for have friends who were pre-planned on coming over, no one should enter the home at any point during your stay. You should not have people—friends or family—coming over to spend time hanging out while you should be working unless you've agreed this in advance with the parent/s.\\nIt can be tempting to invite a friend over late at night while the kids are asleep, but even this is off limits unless the parents have approved.\\n3-3. Don’t abuse electronics use.\\nWith cell phones, tablets, and laptops more prevalent now than ever, it can be easy to get caught up texting friends or scrolling through Facebook. Just like many jobs, your electronics should be turned off or used only in case of emergency.\\n3-4. Don’t play movies/TV on repeat.\\nChildren will often ask to just watch movies or TV, and while these may be appropriate in short allotments, several hours of them becomes laziness. If the parents haven’t set an electronics maximum, try to keep it at two hours or less. The children will enjoy having someone to play with, and the parents won’t think that you’re lazy or slacking on the job.\\n3-5. Clean up\\nAlthough it is sometimes forgotten, a major part of babysitting is cleaning up after the children. You may not have much of a mess to deal with, but if you cooked or did a project, be sure to put everything back in its place. The parents will appreciate coming home to a clean house and will be more likely to rehire you again in the future.\\nAlways clean up after yourself. If you and the children make a mess, pick up before the parents arrive.\\nPlay cleaning games with the kid. Say whoever picks up the most wins or makeup a silly game that includes cleaning.\\nUsually there is a mess when you get there, pick it up. Everyone appreciates it when they come home to a house cleaner then when they left it.\\n3-6. Don't let the children \\\"get away\\\" with things.\\nIt's tempting to be the \\\"cool\\\" babysitter who lets kids get away with things parents never allow. Remember, you're not their parents, so you don't really have much say in how the house rules go. You can't be a child's friend all the time.\\nKnow when to say no and when it's OK to let something small go like letting children stay up 5 minutes past bedtime on occasion.\\nChildren will challenge you. Pushing boundaries to see how much they can get away with is a normal way kids (even toddlers) learn and figure out where they stand. Check in with parents to find out what the rules are, then follow them, even if you don't agree with them!\\nThe best babysitters think of the job as a responsibility first, with having fun, or earning money, second. Few things are as rewarding as knowing you've earned a child's trust and affection.\\nAlways feel free to call the parents if you feel you need to. It is better to be safe than sorry, and most likely the parents will appreciate your concern.\\n3-7. Make sure that you know procedures for emergencies.\\nBefore the parents leave, find out who to call, what to do, and where to go in case of an emergency. Your priority is keeping the children safe.\\nGet all relevant information regarding emergencies before the parents/guardians leave. This could be emergency numbers, where the main \\\"Home\\\" phone is kept, where a spare door key is, etc. Try not to come off as nosy, and the adult(s) will realize that you are just attempting to help. In this way you can be sure of what to do in an emergency and get the children out.\\nIn the event of an emergency, such as a fire, drop everything and get the child or children and yourself out of the house. Do not reenter the house, do not let go of the children and call emergency services as soon as possible.\\n4. Preparing for the Job\\n4-1. Get the parents’ and child's information.\\nWhen you arrive on site for the job, start by getting all the information about the parents’ whereabouts for when they leave. Write down their full names and phone numbers, the address(es) of their destination(s), and their estimated time of arrival back at the house, and an emergency contact. Also take down any information on the child, such as allergies (or other health information). This list will need to be longer and more detailed for longer time periods. \\nHave the parents show you the location of first aid supplies and medications.\\nGet a list of medications that each child may need to take, or is able to take in case of injury or illness (such as Tylenol for growing pains or a headache).\\nWrite down the child/children’s schedule. Most families have a general (or sometimes more specific) timetable of events in a child’s day. This typically includes meal times, the times for certain chores/homework periods, and bedtime. Getting this written down in advance will mean that the child (if they’re older) won’t be able to pull the wool over your eyes once their parents are gone.\\n4-2. Find out what activities are allowed.\\nEach household you work in will be slightly different, and it is important to find out what activities are allowed in each. Ask about television/video game/computer time, when/where the child may be allowed to play outside, if their friends are allowed over, and any areas of the house that may be off-limits. These rules may vary from child to child in the same household depending on age, so be sure to specify.\\nAssume you are not allowed to take photos or video or the children. Ask if you are allowed to take and/or post pictures of videos of the children if you have a valid reason for doing this.\\nFind out what you are allowed to do when the children are sleeping, if applicable. For instance, you may want to ask if you can use social media, watch TV, or, on rare occasions have friends over.\\n4-3. Set up a menu for your time there.\\nIt is always good to have a plan. Depending on how long you’ll be babysitting, you may have to feed the child/children a meal or two. Ask the parents about what foods they prefer you prepare and serve, and what foods are appropriate for snack time.\\nClarify about any foods that aren’t allowed; these are typically candy and dessert-related goodies that the kids might ask for when their parents aren’t supervising.\\nKids, especially toddlers, may not want to play the activities you have planned. Be sure to come with backups and don't worry about staying too close to the activities part of the plan, as long as they don't use electronic devices too often.\\n4-4. Find out what consequences are used when the child misbehaves.\\nIt is fairly likely that at some point in time, a child you are watching will misbehave. Rather than guessing and either punishing them too little or too much, ask the parents what they typically do for small misbehaviors. Many times this includes having privileges revoked or being put in time-out.\\nA parent could also say that you are not to punish them, and instead should report all misbehaviors to them.\\n5. Becoming a Babysitter\\n5-1. Be a mother's helper.\\nBeing in a home while a parent is there will give you a chance to practice childcare skills and gain some valuable experience which will improve your chances of getting babysitting work. Helping out with your own younger siblings is excellent practice, too. If you don't have younger siblings try doing this with a little cousin or close friend's kids.\\nCarefully observe the parents as they perform tasks you haven’t done before or are uncomfortable with. Ask for help learning skills you feel uneasy about, such as bathing a baby. Also, note your strengths, such as helping children with homework. These things can be included in your resume which will be explained in fuller detail later.\\n5-2. Attend a childcare or babysitting class.\\nIn some areas, it is necessary to be licensed or certified before babysitting. Either way, it is helpful to know basic child-care responsibilities and techniques. Look for childcare, CPR, and first-aid classes in your area so that you are well-prepared and qualified for your first babysitting job. These can often be found at Red Cross, YMCA, and other community centers.\\nTry reading books about babysitting. These will answer many common questions about the care of infants and children in day-to-day and emergency situations.\\n5-3. Set up a schedule.\\nAs a babysitter, you are likely working for yourself, unless you're a registered childminder, an au pair or a nanny. If you expect to be babysitting a lot, you'll have to make and maintain your own schedule. It may seem old-fashioned but filling out a calendar with all your free days and times, so that when a parent calls to schedule you for babysitting you'll know exactly when you are available is crucial.\\nCreating a color-coding system may be helpful in organizing your ‘busy’ days on the calendar.\\nUpdate your schedule frequently so that you don’t accidentally double-book yourself.\\nHaving a standard schedule with all of your other activities, sports, etc. can also be helpful for parents.\\n5-4. Decide upon a rate of pay.\\nAlthough some parents have a specific rate in mind when they hire a babysitter, many rely on the sitter to provide their hourly wage. There are two options for selecting a rate: being paid a flat rate per hour, or being paid per child. The former is better for small families while the latter is best if you plan on watching more than two children at once. You may want to charge more for weekends or for babysitting after midnight.\\nFlat rate hourly wages typically range from $9-$15 per hour, but can be significantly more or less depending on the household and the area in which you or the family lives.\\nPer child wages range from $7-$10 per child, per hour. However, to get a better idea of the competition and to see what is suitable for the conditions, get an overview of what others in your area are charging for a family the size of the family you are sitting for.\\n5-5. Create a list of health/safety information.\\nYou will also need personalized information for each child (such as allergy information), but you should have one generalized list of \\\"worst-case-scenario\\\" phone numbers. Keep all the information in a small notebook, a note-taking app, a binder, etc. so you have it with you at all times. You may want to include:\\nPoison control\\nPolice station\\nFire department\\nNurse hotline\\nA trusted person who has children (like an aunt or parent) to contact in case of a minor case of confusion\\nAny other relevant numbers\\nForms for the parents to fill out.\\n5-6. Market yourself.\\nIf you're new to babysitting, you'll need to let people know you're available. Word of mouth is often the easiest way to land a job. Talk to your neighbors, people from your church, or families at your school who have young kids. Ask friends who are babysitters if they know of any openings. If you have an older sibling who is moving on to another job, contact their clients.\\nIt's always best to babysit for someone you know or someone you've heard about from a friend. If you're new to babysitting, you may choose to only babysit for those you know.\\nIf word of mouth doesn't work, consider advertising in your neighborhood. You can use flyers delivered to homes in your area or send out an email if your neighborhood provides a list of residents. If you decide to advertise, check with your parents first. They need to know when you put out personal information. Put a flyer on any community notice boards.\\nPut together a résumé outlining any specific skills, experience, and training you have.\\nIf you are old enough, register yourself on babysitting websites. Keep in mind that some of these won't accept you unless you are a certain age.\\n5-7. Be prepared to be interviewed.\\nIt's hard enough to find parents who are looking for babysitters. The next step, and perhaps the hardest, is to make yourself seem worthy of the job. Set up interviews so you can get to know the parents and their children.\\nJust as you'll be finding out if the job sounds good, the parents will be looking to learn as much as possible about you. Tell them about yourself, your family, your school, and why you want to babysit.\\nBe prepared with a list of questions so you know what's expected of you. Write them down so you don't forget to ask anything. The answers you get to questions like these will help you decide if it's the right job for you.\\nIf you've interviewed the family and met the kids but still want to learn more, suggest another visit so you can spend more time with the kids. Most parents will be happy that you want to find out as much as you can.\\n5-8. Know your comfort zone and its limits.\\nBefore you go, know what you're comfortable with and what you're not. You need to feel in control. If you're unsure about a job, it's better to wait for the next one. Your safety is as important as the safety of the kids you'll be watching. If this is a first babysitting job, make sure you feel comfortable about the family. Trust your instincts, and don't feel like you have to accept the job on the spot.\\nTell the family you need to talk it over with your parents before committing to the job. When you know what you want and what to expect, babysitting is a better experience for both you and the kids.\\nIf you don't feel like you have the skills to look after a newborn, don't take the job.\\nIf you're allergic to certain animals, you may need to turn down a job if the family has pets.\\nGet to know the children beforehand to know if you are ready to babysit them. This also might help them see you as an authority, and prevent the tears when the parents leave.\\n5-9. Ask yourself these questions before you decide to take the leap:\\nDo you enjoy spending time with children?\\nAre you prepared to take care of kids?\\nDo you have an awareness of young children's needs?\\nHave you taken a babysitting course?\\nDo you have experience taking care of younger siblings or relatives?\\nWhat can you offer to the kids and their families?\\nDo you want to babysit occasionally or find a regular babysitting position?\\nIf income is a concern, will the hours and payment meet your needs?\\nHow many kids will you be taking care of?\\nWhat are their ages? The amount of care needed differs with age.\\nDo the kids have any special needs? Special diets?\\nDoes the family have pets? A pool?\\nWhat are the hours you're expected to work?\\nWhat are you allowed to do in the home (e.g., use their computer, help yourself to food and snacks or bring your own)?\\nIf you have your license, are you expected to drive the kids?\\nTips\\nTake a babysitting course if you can. That way, you can learn from experts in babysitting so you’ll be ready to handle any problems that come your way.[26]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nIf a kid is choking, pat it on the back as hard as you can. If the item still does not come out, stick two fingers into the child's mouth and try to pull it out!\\nIf you're bathing a child, don't leave them alone for even a few seconds. Make sure that you have all the necessary bathing equipment in the bathroom before you put the child in the bathtub.\\nWarnings\\nIf you are babysitting an infant, only feed them food the size of their fist or smaller.\\nNever spank or hit a child. Before the parents leave, ask them what kinds of consequences they want you to use if their child misbehaves and respect their wishes.\\nDon't ever leave the kids with strangers, even if the kids seem to know them.\\nBe sure to watch your language and actions. Children pick up on anything quickly and will claim to their parents you taught them how.\\nRemember to never accept jobs you don't feel comfortable doing. Whether that's because of location, age, or the number of kids.\\nThe kids may get annoying, work through it.\\nAvoid falling asleep while babysitting unless you are babysitting overnight (or the parents are coming home very late and have said it's okay). It's never a good idea to fall asleep on the job, especially since the kids you're babysitting could get into mischief and trouble.\\nKid-proof the areas you will be playing in. Make sure all electrical outlets are covered and put all sharp objects away. Make sure you do not let the kids get near cleaning fluids. Keep all types of medicines away, the child could think it is candy and gobble them up. Close all windows. If you're watching a toddler, keep all doors leading to basement stairs closed, and all bathroom doors closed.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Babysitting requires a lot of patience and maturity, but it can also be really fun! If you’re new to babysitting, you might be wondering how to find clients, what to charge, and how to be a good babysitter. Don’t worry—with a bit of preparation and dedication, babysitting can be an enjoyable, rewarding job (that also earns you some extra cash!).\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Being a Successful Babysitter\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Spend time getting to know the kids.\", \"描述\": \"Babysitting is as much a job as it is an opportunity to enjoy the company of children. The kids will be more receptive to you and your rules if they like you, and they’ll grow to like you faster if you try to develop a relationship with them. Talk with them, ask them questions, and joke around in order to develop a good relationship. Younger kids might not want to talk for too long, so try to incorporate during play or activities.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Learn how to change a diaper.\", \"描述\": \"If the children you are watching are under 3 years old, chances are they’re still in diapers. If you’ve never changed a child’s diaper before, ask the parents to show you how they do it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Know how to feed children.\", \"描述\": \"You should know how to bottle-feed, spoon feed, and keep children safe in the kitchen.\\nFeed the children healthy food. It is not good babysitting to just allow the children to eat whatever. Tell them before they get crackers they have to eat a piece of fruit. These things include apples, carrots, grapes, and oranges.\\nBe sure the child doesn't have something they are not allowed to have (such as a cookie or ice cream) too often.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find out the bedtime routine.\", \"描述\": \"Give a warning before sending kids to bed. You may want to let them stay up 10-15 minutes past what their parents allow—just be sure they know it's a special treat. Other than that, be firm with when it's time to go to sleep. Be prepared for some whining. For older kids, you need to know the difference between real problems and stall tactics. For babies, you have to be sure the sleep environment is safe.\\nEnd-of-day routines help kids wind down and signal their bodies that it's time for sleep. Ask parents what they usually do before bedtime. Maybe they have rules like no TV or computer time for an hour before bedtime. If they typically read, talk quietly, or listen to music before bed, follow the same routine.\\nGo through the basics. Take a child to the bathroom (or put on a nighttime diaper). Help the child brush their teeth. Find out from parents what else is necessary before the kid hops under the covers.\\nAlways put babies (and children) to bed in their designated sleep space (be it a bed, crib, bassinet, etc.) This is especially important for babies, who can be injured if their sleep space isn't how it should be. Remove padding, pillows, stuffed animals, and other items from the crib, if these items are present. Be sure to lay babies on their back when putting them to sleep. It helps reduce the risk of suffocation.\\nGive the child any comfort items, such as pacifiers, stuffed animals, or blankets, that they usually sleep with. Do not give stuffed animals and similar to babies.\\nIf a child calls you/wakes up, wait a minute before going in. They may fall back asleep on their own. If a baby can't go back to sleep, stroke them gently on the arms or belly. If the baby uses a pacifier, that can also help. Find out what calming tactics the parents use.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Join in with their play time activities.\", \"描述\": \"Although your job is to watch over the children, you should be interacting with them as much as possible by playing with them. Play will vary based on their ages; if you’re watching an infant you may be doing nothing more than making faces and holding up toys. Get creative with the things you come up with for the children to do to keep them interested and out of trouble. Make-believe games are great fun. You could even make up a simple handshake with the children.\\nBe an entertainer. Parents love babysitters who help kids have fun and learn while still reinforcing rules and keeping discipline. Ask kids to show you their favorite toys. Find out from parents and other babysitters what games kids of different ages like to play. Get the kids outdoors if you can.\\nPlaying with toys, board games, and activity-based games are all good options for older children. Ask what their favorite thing to do is. You can also bring a few of your favorite games and toys from when you were their age, like Monopoly, Life, Candyland, Uno, or other card games.\\nStay off screens. Parents are paying you to watch the kid, not put them in front of a television all day.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tell stories.\", \"描述\": \"Kids like stories, and they'll be impressed by even the worst storytellers. Come equipped with obscure fairy tales they probably haven't heard, like \\\"The Shoemaker and the Elves\\\" or \\\"The Twelve Dancing Princesses.\\\" You can even use stories as rewards.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Come up with fun projects.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re spending a long time watching the children, you can do projects together that are enjoyable for everyone. Consider doing an arts and crafts project or cooking/baking a new recipe (or an old favorite) together. Boxed mixes of brownies, cookies, and cakes taste delicious.\\nMaking something will feel productive, pass the time, and give the kids something to be proud of.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Take them to a playground if the parents say it's okay.\", \"描述\": \"Simple games like tag and hide and seek get kids active and help them stay fit. Dancing with them is great exercise, too!\\nIf you can’t leave the property, play outside in the yard, if possible.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Check in often.\", \"描述\": \"Kids aren't as good at regulating their time as adults are, and often forget to perform basic bodily necessities. Check once every hour or so to see if they need to go to the bathroom, need water to drink, are tired, or are hungry. Most of the time they won’t think to tell you these things on their own, so always be sure to ask.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Follow the schedule.\", \"描述\": \"Assuming the parents gave you a basic outline of daily activities, you should be sure you are keeping up with it. Make sure you are feeding the kid(s) at proper meal times, giving them naps, having them do their homework on schedule, etc.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Watch a movie if allowed.\", \"描述\": \"If there is time watch a movie with the kids, you can do so towards the end to settle the children down before their parents arrive. If you are babysitting for less than 3 hours, this probably isn't a good idea, as the parents may get mad at you for putting their kid(s) in front of television for half the time. Consider movies such as:\\nTarzan\\nFinding Nemo\\nTangled\\nWreck-It Ralph\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Babysitting Tips\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ask the parents questions before you take the job.\", \"描述\": \"You don’t have to accept every babysitting job you’re offered. It’s really important that you feel comfortable and up for the responsibility. Talk to the parents before you babysit to make sure you’re ready. Ask questions like:\\nHow many kids will I be babysitting?\\nHow old are the kids?\\nWhat time will you be leaving and coming home?\\nWhat do you expect from a babysitter? Will I need to feed the kids? Put them to bed?\\nDo the kids need help with brushing their teeth or using the restroom?\\nAre the children allergic to anything?\\nWhat should I do if there’s a fire?\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get a list of emergency numbers.\", \"描述\": \"It’s very unlikely that anything bad will happen, but it’s always best to be prepared. On your phone number list, write down the home’s address and home telephone number if there is one. That way, you can easily provide them in the case of an emergency. Make sure you have the following phone numbers:\\nThe children’s parents\\nNeighbors\\nTheir doctor\\nPoison control\\nFire and rescue\\nPolice\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Keep a checklist for each family your babysit for.\", \"描述\": \"A checklist will make your job so much easier. On your checklist, write the children’s schedule, the house rules, and the foods the kids can eat. Include information about meal times, nap times, and bedtimes. Additionally, note if the parents allow you to have friends over, and any friends they’ve approved.\\nBring the checklist every time you babysit so you can easily fulfill your duties. That way, you can focus more on having a great time with the kids.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Assemble a “babysitting bag” with supplies and toys.\", \"描述\": \"Preparing your bag in advance saves you time on the day of your babysitting job. Additionally, it’ll help you be the babysitter all the kids ask for because you have special toys and games. In your bag, you might include:\\nYour babysitting checklist.\\nTips for babysitting.\\nAge-appropriate games.\\nAge-appropriate toys.\\nArt supplies.\\nBooks.\\nPuzzles.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Wear comfortable clothing.\", \"描述\": \"Babysitting can be quite the adventure, especially if the kids are imaginative. You might find yourself chasing pirates or having a dance off. Pick an outfit that you can easily run around in.\\nYour shoes are probably the most important part of your outfit. Wear shoes you can run in without tripping or losing a shoe.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Get to the home before the parents leave.\", \"描述\": \"Your job technically starts a few minutes before the parents are scheduled to leave. Before they head out, double check with them that you have all the proper instructions. Additionally, ask for a tour of the home if it’s your first time there. You’ll look super professional and your job will be off to an easy start.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Contact the parents if you need help.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes things go wrong when you’re babysitting, so don’t be afraid to reach out. For small issues, send a quick text to ask for help. If you need help right away, call them and tell them what’s wrong.\\nYou could text them things like, “I can’t find the extra toilet paper,” “How many snacks did you say they could have?” or “Where can I find Kiley’s favorite stuffie?”\\nOn the other hand, call the parents if something more serious happens, such as a child getting sick or a child who won't stop crying.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Play with the kids.\", \"描述\": \"Both you and the kids will have a better experience if you play. The sky’s the limit when it comes to activities. You can keep it simple and play with toys, games, or puzzles. Or, get creative and make a craft, put on a play, or pretend to be pirates. Just have fun!\\nAlways ask the kids what they want to do. You’ll have a much easier time if you play with their favorite toys or play games that they like.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Be kind to the kids, even if they misbehave.\", \"描述\": \"One of the hardest parts of babysitting is dealing with a child who’s acting out. Fortunately, this won’t happen very often. Dealing with these kinds of problems can be really stressful, but try to stay calm because it’s super easy to hurt a child’s feelings. If you do have a kid misbehave, stay calm and gently remind them what they’re supposed to do.\\nYou might say, “Your mom said we can’t throw balls in the house, remember? Let’s play a different game.”\\nYou could also say, “It’s not okay to hit. Why don’t you say you’re sorry so we can go play some more?”\\nIf the behavior continues, you may have to contact their parent.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Keep your eyes on the kids at all times.\", \"描述\": \"As the babysitter, it’s up to you to keep the children safe. Children are really curious and very clever, so they can quickly get themselves into trouble when left unattended. Focus on them for the entire time they’re in your care.\\nIf you put the children to bed, continue to check on them every 15 minutes. Make sure they’re still in bed and sleeping peacefully.\"}, {\"编号\": 11, \"标题\": \"Don’t open the door for strangers.\", \"描述\": \"Keep the front door shut and locked for the entire time you’re babysitting. Only open the door for someone you’re expecting. If someone you don’t know comes over, tell them they can come back later.\\nDon’t tell strangers you’re the babysitter. Just say that it isn’t a good time. You could say, “Right now’s not a good time for us. You can come back tomorrow if this is important.”\"}, {\"编号\": 12, \"标题\": \"Be flexible.\", \"描述\": \"Sometimes the parents will need you to arrive a bit earlier than planned, or they may be running late on their way home. Be open to staying a little late or coming early when they need you. On the plus side, they'll see you're a dependable, reliable babysitter, so they may hire you more.\\nSometimes you just can't stay late, such as when you have a curfew. Tell the parents before they leave so they're home on time.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoiding Mistakes\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Do not leave the children in your care alone.\", \"描述\": \"No matter what the circumstances are, your job as a babysitter is to watch the children in their home and you shouldn’t leave them. Make sure you never leave the children alone in the house. Being in a different room is fine unless you're caring for a baby but running up to the store for ingredients or taking a walk without them is out of the question.\\nThis applies even for older children, unless the parents gave you explicit directions stating that they could be home alone for a small period of time.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Don’t bring people over to the house.\", \"描述\": \"Unless the children you are caring for have friends who were pre-planned on coming over, no one should enter the home at any point during your stay. You should not have people—friends or family—coming over to spend time hanging out while you should be working unless you've agreed this in advance with the parent/s.\\nIt can be tempting to invite a friend over late at night while the kids are asleep, but even this is off limits unless the parents have approved.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Don’t abuse electronics use.\", \"描述\": \"With cell phones, tablets, and laptops more prevalent now than ever, it can be easy to get caught up texting friends or scrolling through Facebook. Just like many jobs, your electronics should be turned off or used only in case of emergency.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Don’t play movies/TV on repeat.\", \"描述\": \"Children will often ask to just watch movies or TV, and while these may be appropriate in short allotments, several hours of them becomes laziness. If the parents haven’t set an electronics maximum, try to keep it at two hours or less. The children will enjoy having someone to play with, and the parents won’t think that you’re lazy or slacking on the job.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Clean up\", \"描述\": \"Although it is sometimes forgotten, a major part of babysitting is cleaning up after the children. You may not have much of a mess to deal with, but if you cooked or did a project, be sure to put everything back in its place. The parents will appreciate coming home to a clean house and will be more likely to rehire you again in the future.\\nAlways clean up after yourself. If you and the children make a mess, pick up before the parents arrive.\\nPlay cleaning games with the kid. Say whoever picks up the most wins or makeup a silly game that includes cleaning.\\nUsually there is a mess when you get there, pick it up. Everyone appreciates it when they come home to a house cleaner then when they left it.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Don't let the children \\\"get away\\\" with things.\", \"描述\": \"It's tempting to be the \\\"cool\\\" babysitter who lets kids get away with things parents never allow. Remember, you're not their parents, so you don't really have much say in how the house rules go. You can't be a child's friend all the time.\\nKnow when to say no and when it's OK to let something small go like letting children stay up 5 minutes past bedtime on occasion.\\nChildren will challenge you. Pushing boundaries to see how much they can get away with is a normal way kids (even toddlers) learn and figure out where they stand. Check in with parents to find out what the rules are, then follow them, even if you don't agree with them!\\nThe best babysitters think of the job as a responsibility first, with having fun, or earning money, second. Few things are as rewarding as knowing you've earned a child's trust and affection.\\nAlways feel free to call the parents if you feel you need to. It is better to be safe than sorry, and most likely the parents will appreciate your concern.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Make sure that you know procedures for emergencies.\", \"描述\": \"Before the parents leave, find out who to call, what to do, and where to go in case of an emergency. Your priority is keeping the children safe.\\nGet all relevant information regarding emergencies before the parents/guardians leave. This could be emergency numbers, where the main \\\"Home\\\" phone is kept, where a spare door key is, etc. Try not to come off as nosy, and the adult(s) will realize that you are just attempting to help. In this way you can be sure of what to do in an emergency and get the children out.\\nIn the event of an emergency, such as a fire, drop everything and get the child or children and yourself out of the house. Do not reenter the house, do not let go of the children and call emergency services as soon as possible.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Preparing for the Job\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Get the parents’ and child's information.\", \"描述\": \"When you arrive on site for the job, start by getting all the information about the parents’ whereabouts for when they leave. Write down their full names and phone numbers, the address(es) of their destination(s), and their estimated time of arrival back at the house, and an emergency contact. Also take down any information on the child, such as allergies (or other health information). This list will need to be longer and more detailed for longer time periods. \\nHave the parents show you the location of first aid supplies and medications.\\nGet a list of medications that each child may need to take, or is able to take in case of injury or illness (such as Tylenol for growing pains or a headache).\\nWrite down the child/children’s schedule. Most families have a general (or sometimes more specific) timetable of events in a child’s day. This typically includes meal times, the times for certain chores/homework periods, and bedtime. Getting this written down in advance will mean that the child (if they’re older) won’t be able to pull the wool over your eyes once their parents are gone.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Find out what activities are allowed.\", \"描述\": \"Each household you work in will be slightly different, and it is important to find out what activities are allowed in each. Ask about television/video game/computer time, when/where the child may be allowed to play outside, if their friends are allowed over, and any areas of the house that may be off-limits. These rules may vary from child to child in the same household depending on age, so be sure to specify.\\nAssume you are not allowed to take photos or video or the children. Ask if you are allowed to take and/or post pictures of videos of the children if you have a valid reason for doing this.\\nFind out what you are allowed to do when the children are sleeping, if applicable. For instance, you may want to ask if you can use social media, watch TV, or, on rare occasions have friends over.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set up a menu for your time there.\", \"描述\": \"It is always good to have a plan. Depending on how long you’ll be babysitting, you may have to feed the child/children a meal or two. Ask the parents about what foods they prefer you prepare and serve, and what foods are appropriate for snack time.\\nClarify about any foods that aren’t allowed; these are typically candy and dessert-related goodies that the kids might ask for when their parents aren’t supervising.\\nKids, especially toddlers, may not want to play the activities you have planned. Be sure to come with backups and don't worry about staying too close to the activities part of the plan, as long as they don't use electronic devices too often.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Find out what consequences are used when the child misbehaves.\", \"描述\": \"It is fairly likely that at some point in time, a child you are watching will misbehave. Rather than guessing and either punishing them too little or too much, ask the parents what they typically do for small misbehaviors. Many times this includes having privileges revoked or being put in time-out.\\nA parent could also say that you are not to punish them, and instead should report all misbehaviors to them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Becoming a Babysitter\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be a mother's helper.\", \"描述\": \"Being in a home while a parent is there will give you a chance to practice childcare skills and gain some valuable experience which will improve your chances of getting babysitting work. Helping out with your own younger siblings is excellent practice, too. If you don't have younger siblings try doing this with a little cousin or close friend's kids.\\nCarefully observe the parents as they perform tasks you haven’t done before or are uncomfortable with. Ask for help learning skills you feel uneasy about, such as bathing a baby. Also, note your strengths, such as helping children with homework. These things can be included in your resume which will be explained in fuller detail later.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Attend a childcare or babysitting class.\", \"描述\": \"In some areas, it is necessary to be licensed or certified before babysitting. Either way, it is helpful to know basic child-care responsibilities and techniques. Look for childcare, CPR, and first-aid classes in your area so that you are well-prepared and qualified for your first babysitting job. These can often be found at Red Cross, YMCA, and other community centers.\\nTry reading books about babysitting. These will answer many common questions about the care of infants and children in day-to-day and emergency situations.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Set up a schedule.\", \"描述\": \"As a babysitter, you are likely working for yourself, unless you're a registered childminder, an au pair or a nanny. If you expect to be babysitting a lot, you'll have to make and maintain your own schedule. It may seem old-fashioned but filling out a calendar with all your free days and times, so that when a parent calls to schedule you for babysitting you'll know exactly when you are available is crucial.\\nCreating a color-coding system may be helpful in organizing your ‘busy’ days on the calendar.\\nUpdate your schedule frequently so that you don’t accidentally double-book yourself.\\nHaving a standard schedule with all of your other activities, sports, etc. can also be helpful for parents.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Decide upon a rate of pay.\", \"描述\": \"Although some parents have a specific rate in mind when they hire a babysitter, many rely on the sitter to provide their hourly wage. There are two options for selecting a rate: being paid a flat rate per hour, or being paid per child. The former is better for small families while the latter is best if you plan on watching more than two children at once. You may want to charge more for weekends or for babysitting after midnight.\\nFlat rate hourly wages typically range from $9-$15 per hour, but can be significantly more or less depending on the household and the area in which you or the family lives.\\nPer child wages range from $7-$10 per child, per hour. However, to get a better idea of the competition and to see what is suitable for the conditions, get an overview of what others in your area are charging for a family the size of the family you are sitting for.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Create a list of health/safety information.\", \"描述\": \"You will also need personalized information for each child (such as allergy information), but you should have one generalized list of \\\"worst-case-scenario\\\" phone numbers. Keep all the information in a small notebook, a note-taking app, a binder, etc. so you have it with you at all times. You may want to include:\\nPoison control\\nPolice station\\nFire department\\nNurse hotline\\nA trusted person who has children (like an aunt or parent) to contact in case of a minor case of confusion\\nAny other relevant numbers\\nForms for the parents to fill out.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Market yourself.\", \"描述\": \"If you're new to babysitting, you'll need to let people know you're available. Word of mouth is often the easiest way to land a job. Talk to your neighbors, people from your church, or families at your school who have young kids. Ask friends who are babysitters if they know of any openings. If you have an older sibling who is moving on to another job, contact their clients.\\nIt's always best to babysit for someone you know or someone you've heard about from a friend. If you're new to babysitting, you may choose to only babysit for those you know.\\nIf word of mouth doesn't work, consider advertising in your neighborhood. You can use flyers delivered to homes in your area or send out an email if your neighborhood provides a list of residents. If you decide to advertise, check with your parents first. They need to know when you put out personal information. Put a flyer on any community notice boards.\\nPut together a résumé outlining any specific skills, experience, and training you have.\\nIf you are old enough, register yourself on babysitting websites. Keep in mind that some of these won't accept you unless you are a certain age.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Be prepared to be interviewed.\", \"描述\": \"It's hard enough to find parents who are looking for babysitters. The next step, and perhaps the hardest, is to make yourself seem worthy of the job. Set up interviews so you can get to know the parents and their children.\\nJust as you'll be finding out if the job sounds good, the parents will be looking to learn as much as possible about you. Tell them about yourself, your family, your school, and why you want to babysit.\\nBe prepared with a list of questions so you know what's expected of you. Write them down so you don't forget to ask anything. The answers you get to questions like these will help you decide if it's the right job for you.\\nIf you've interviewed the family and met the kids but still want to learn more, suggest another visit so you can spend more time with the kids. Most parents will be happy that you want to find out as much as you can.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Know your comfort zone and its limits.\", \"描述\": \"Before you go, know what you're comfortable with and what you're not. You need to feel in control. If you're unsure about a job, it's better to wait for the next one. Your safety is as important as the safety of the kids you'll be watching. If this is a first babysitting job, make sure you feel comfortable about the family. Trust your instincts, and don't feel like you have to accept the job on the spot.\\nTell the family you need to talk it over with your parents before committing to the job. When you know what you want and what to expect, babysitting is a better experience for both you and the kids.\\nIf you don't feel like you have the skills to look after a newborn, don't take the job.\\nIf you're allergic to certain animals, you may need to turn down a job if the family has pets.\\nGet to know the children beforehand to know if you are ready to babysit them. This also might help them see you as an authority, and prevent the tears when the parents leave.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Ask yourself these questions before you decide to take the leap:\", \"描述\": \"Do you enjoy spending time with children?\\nAre you prepared to take care of kids?\\nDo you have an awareness of young children's needs?\\nHave you taken a babysitting course?\\nDo you have experience taking care of younger siblings or relatives?\\nWhat can you offer to the kids and their families?\\nDo you want to babysit occasionally or find a regular babysitting position?\\nIf income is a concern, will the hours and payment meet your needs?\\nHow many kids will you be taking care of?\\nWhat are their ages? The amount of care needed differs with age.\\nDo the kids have any special needs? Special diets?\\nDoes the family have pets? A pool?\\nWhat are the hours you're expected to work?\\nWhat are you allowed to do in the home (e.g., use their computer, help yourself to food and snacks or bring your own)?\\nIf you have your license, are you expected to drive the kids?\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Take a babysitting course if you can. That way, you can learn from experts in babysitting so you’ll be ready to handle any problems that come your way.[26]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"If a kid is choking, pat it on the back as hard as you can. If the item still does not come out, stick two fingers into the child's mouth and try to pull it out!\\n\", \"If you're bathing a child, don't leave them alone for even a few seconds. Make sure that you have all the necessary bathing equipment in the bathroom before you put the child in the bathtub.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you are babysitting an infant, only feed them food the size of their fist or smaller.\\n\", \"Never spank or hit a child. Before the parents leave, ask them what kinds of consequences they want you to use if their child misbehaves and respect their wishes.\\n\", \"Don't ever leave the kids with strangers, even if the kids seem to know them.\\n\", \"Be sure to watch your language and actions. Children pick up on anything quickly and will claim to their parents you taught them how.\\n\", \"Remember to never accept jobs you don't feel comfortable doing. Whether that's because of location, age, or the number of kids.\\n\", \"The kids may get annoying, work through it.\\n\", \"Avoid falling asleep while babysitting unless you are babysitting overnight (or the parents are coming home very late and have said it's okay). It's never a good idea to fall asleep on the job, especially since the kids you're babysitting could get into mischief and trouble.\\n\", \"Kid-proof the areas you will be playing in. Make sure all electrical outlets are covered and put all sharp objects away. Make sure you do not let the kids get near cleaning fluids. Keep all types of medicines away, the child could think it is candy and gobble them up. Close all windows. If you're watching a toddler, keep all doors leading to basement stairs closed, and all bathroom doors closed.\\n\"]}]}}",
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3,297 | How to Babysit Kids That Are Difficult to Deal With | 1. Establishing the Ground Rules
1-1. Explain the rules and their reasoning.
Everyone has different parenting styles and sometimes you’ll come across children who are used to an environment with fewer rules than you’re comfortable with. To help the difficult child adapt to the rules in your babysitting environment, it’s wise to thoroughly explain your rules, age permitting.
It’s a good idea to sit down with both the parents and the child when explaining the rules so the child knows you’re all on the same page.
Depending on the age of the child, try sitting them down and saying something like “One rule is that you keep your hands to yourself at all times because I don’t want you to hurt anyone, or get hurt by anyone.” This works well if the child is old enough to understand cause and effect, typically adequate for children ages 5-10. A 2-year-old for example, may not understand why they aren't allowed to do something, but can understand the word "no" and be redirected to another activity.
1-2. Make a rule chart.
After you’ve explained your rules and the reasoning behind them, have the child assist you in making a rule chart that you can refer to when they start to act out. If the child is old enough to read, have them recite the rule they are breaking whenever they misbehave.
Grab some construction paper and markers and have them help you write out a numbered list of the rules. You can even let them decorate the chart. Bring the chart with you whenever you babysit and put it somewhere visible to the child.
When they break one of the rules, stop them and say “Tommy, remember rule number 3? What does it say?” Point to the rule on your chart and have them recite why it is off limits.
You could offer a reward if the child follows the rules and behaves well.
1-3. Explain the consequences of broken rules.
After you’ve explained what is expected from them and why it’s expected, tell the child what kind of repercussion will occur if one of your rules is broken.
You can say something like “If you put your hands on someone else, you will be sent to time out.” Or "If you throw a tantrum, you will not be allowed to watch TV."
Some sample punishments are taking away desserts, taking away a particular privilege (time with electronics), stopping whatever activity they are doing (don’t allow them to finish their craft), or taking away TV time or time playing outside.
If the child is older, say 11-13, more effective punishments might include something like taking away their cell phone, tablet, or favorite video game.
1-4. Follow through with the consequences.
The first time you allow a rule to be broken without the consequence you promised would follow, the child learns they can get away with acting out. Handling difficult children is all about consistency.
If your rule chart says that talking back to adults will result in not being able to watch TV; you MUST turn off the TV. Even if you were in the middle of a show that you actually liked, the consequence must be followed through, or the difficult child won’t take any of your rules seriously.
If the child protests, explain that your job is to enforce their parents' family rules, even if you didn't make them yourself.
1-5. Come bearing gifts.
You don’t want the child to only associate you with rules and consequences, or they could begin resenting your presence. Try bringing a toy, treat, or new activity with you to each babysitting session. This will create excitement for your time together and can be used as another tool for maintaining the rules.
Explain to the child that you’re not obligated to bring gifts or fun things to do, and if they misbehave, you will stop. For example, bake some cookies to bring with you. Before letting Tommy have one, look him in the eyes and say “I like to bring goodies for you, but I don’t have to. These cookies are only for when you’re behaving nicely. If you break a rule, you won’t get any, and I won’t bring anything next time. Do you understand?”
2. Communicating with the Parents
2-1. Report the issues.
If you’re struggling with a child, the first person you should tell is the parent. It may not be easy for everyone to hear that their child is considered difficult to deal with, but keeping open communication is essential when babysitting. Some kids act completely differently for their babysitter than they do for their parents. If the parents don’t know you’re having trouble, they can’t do anything to help fix the issue.
If Tommy had a tantrum over eating his lunch and threw his plate at you, try telling the parent something like “Tommy had a pretty good day today, but I have to be honest with you, he behaved very poorly at lunch. In response to that behavior, he had to sit in time out for 5 minutes.”
If the child is older; you might be surprised what "version" of the day's events they tell their parents later. To combat feeling like it's your word against theirs, try to tell the parents of any issues as soon as they happen. A quick phone call or text immediately afterwards ensures you won't forget, and the parents are kept up to date with an accurate account of the situation.
You could also ask the parents for their permission to record their children’s misbehavior on your phone so you can send or show them the video.
2-2. Get some guidance.
Good advice from the parents of the difficult child can be your best asset in combating unruly behavior. Politely explain to the parents that you are experiencing severe difficulty babysitting their kid, and ask them how they handle similar situations at home. Consistency between you and the parents will create a stable environment for the child and help curb negative behaviors.
Try starting the conversation with something like “I absolutely love babysitting Tommy, but I am having difficulties with a few things I was hoping you could help me with. He seems to throw frequent tantrums, how do you handle these at home?”
You can also try saying “I think it would really help Tommy if we were on the same page. When he acts out, what consequence do you give him?”
In the event the parents of the misbehaved kid don’t have any tips, ask your friends who have children how they handle tantrums and whatever other behaviors you’re trying to deal with. Chances are you’re not alone, someone you know has dealt with similar issues and will be able to give you some ideas that worked for them.
2-3. Create consistency.
Now that the parents are aware of the issues and have told you how they handle bad behavior at home, try your best to combine their rules and consequences with your ground rules. Your goal is to create as much consistency as possible, even if they have a rule you didn’t consider.
For instance, you may not care if the child runs in the house instead of walking. But if the parents tell you that is a rule implemented at their house, you should add it to your rule chart.
If the child is older; you may not think anything of letting them watch Cartoon Network, only to find out their parents have forbidden certain programs. Always adapt what is and isn't allowed while you're babysitting to what the parents do at home.
If you think a child is lying to you about the rules or trying to bend the truth, be honest and say, "I'm not sure about that, so let's wait until your parents get home, and we can ask them for next time."
3. Defusing Tantrums
3-1. Remain calm.
You may be very frustrated, but it is crucial that you never take your frustrations out on the child. When you feel yourself getting upset, stop and take a deep breath. Remind yourself that they are the child, and you are the adult who is in control of the situation.
3-2. Give them some space.
Assuming no safety issues, walk away for a few minutes so that you can continue calming down, while the kid defuses their anger. Once they learn that tantrums don’t result in the kind of attention they want, they will stop using that as a tactic.
3-3. Distract them.
Tell them that tantrums don’t result in whatever it is they want and try to distract them with something else. Perhaps there is a song you can sing that helps calm them down. Maybe an individual familiar object, like their favorite blanket, helps to sooth them. Whatever distraction you use, don’t give in to whatever sparked the tantrum in the first place.
If you’re babysitting the child and their siblings, they might be able to help calm the delicate child down as well.
3-4. Enforce time out.
For younger children, if the tantrum is just getting out of control, time out is needed. Designate a spot in the house, whether it be a corner, hallway, or particular chair, to be the "time out spot." The general rule for timeouts is to implement 1 minute per 1 year of age. So, if Tommy is five years old, he sits in time out for 5 minutes.
If they won't stay on their own, sit with them and make them stay for the entire time.
Older kids can throw tantrums too, but the time out chair may be far too juvenile for them. For an older unruly child who is getting out of control, it is best to try sending them to their room, or a separate room of the house until they calm down. Tell them they need to sit in that room until they settle down and are ready to come back out and listen. This gives you both a chance to cool off before they return.
Tips
It's good to take a class in first aid and CPR for babysitters.[14]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
Check with your local city or mothers groups for class schedules.
Remember, though their mom is the boss while she is there, you are the boss when you are there. Remind the kids of that. You are in charge.
The last resort is to make the kids calm down is to threaten to call the mom, and to call her.
Warnings
Make sure you have the parents' cell phone numbers in case of emergency.
Keep safety primary in your mind. Do not allow violence, such as two kids hitting or kicking one another constantly, to get out of hand.
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"create_time": "20230517 10:49:43",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Establishing the Ground Rules\\n1-1. Explain the rules and their reasoning.\\nEveryone has different parenting styles and sometimes you’ll come across children who are used to an environment with fewer rules than you’re comfortable with. To help the difficult child adapt to the rules in your babysitting environment, it’s wise to thoroughly explain your rules, age permitting.\\nIt’s a good idea to sit down with both the parents and the child when explaining the rules so the child knows you’re all on the same page.\\nDepending on the age of the child, try sitting them down and saying something like “One rule is that you keep your hands to yourself at all times because I don’t want you to hurt anyone, or get hurt by anyone.” This works well if the child is old enough to understand cause and effect, typically adequate for children ages 5-10. A 2-year-old for example, may not understand why they aren't allowed to do something, but can understand the word \\\"no\\\" and be redirected to another activity.\\n1-2. Make a rule chart.\\nAfter you’ve explained your rules and the reasoning behind them, have the child assist you in making a rule chart that you can refer to when they start to act out. If the child is old enough to read, have them recite the rule they are breaking whenever they misbehave.\\nGrab some construction paper and markers and have them help you write out a numbered list of the rules. You can even let them decorate the chart. Bring the chart with you whenever you babysit and put it somewhere visible to the child.\\nWhen they break one of the rules, stop them and say “Tommy, remember rule number 3? What does it say?” Point to the rule on your chart and have them recite why it is off limits.\\nYou could offer a reward if the child follows the rules and behaves well.\\n1-3. Explain the consequences of broken rules.\\nAfter you’ve explained what is expected from them and why it’s expected, tell the child what kind of repercussion will occur if one of your rules is broken.\\nYou can say something like “If you put your hands on someone else, you will be sent to time out.” Or \\\"If you throw a tantrum, you will not be allowed to watch TV.\\\"\\nSome sample punishments are taking away desserts, taking away a particular privilege (time with electronics), stopping whatever activity they are doing (don’t allow them to finish their craft), or taking away TV time or time playing outside.\\nIf the child is older, say 11-13, more effective punishments might include something like taking away their cell phone, tablet, or favorite video game.\\n1-4. Follow through with the consequences.\\nThe first time you allow a rule to be broken without the consequence you promised would follow, the child learns they can get away with acting out. Handling difficult children is all about consistency.\\nIf your rule chart says that talking back to adults will result in not being able to watch TV; you MUST turn off the TV. Even if you were in the middle of a show that you actually liked, the consequence must be followed through, or the difficult child won’t take any of your rules seriously.\\nIf the child protests, explain that your job is to enforce their parents' family rules, even if you didn't make them yourself.\\n1-5. Come bearing gifts.\\nYou don’t want the child to only associate you with rules and consequences, or they could begin resenting your presence. Try bringing a toy, treat, or new activity with you to each babysitting session. This will create excitement for your time together and can be used as another tool for maintaining the rules.\\nExplain to the child that you’re not obligated to bring gifts or fun things to do, and if they misbehave, you will stop. For example, bake some cookies to bring with you. Before letting Tommy have one, look him in the eyes and say “I like to bring goodies for you, but I don’t have to. These cookies are only for when you’re behaving nicely. If you break a rule, you won’t get any, and I won’t bring anything next time. Do you understand?”\\n2. Communicating with the Parents\\n2-1. Report the issues.\\nIf you’re struggling with a child, the first person you should tell is the parent. It may not be easy for everyone to hear that their child is considered difficult to deal with, but keeping open communication is essential when babysitting. Some kids act completely differently for their babysitter than they do for their parents. If the parents don’t know you’re having trouble, they can’t do anything to help fix the issue.\\nIf Tommy had a tantrum over eating his lunch and threw his plate at you, try telling the parent something like “Tommy had a pretty good day today, but I have to be honest with you, he behaved very poorly at lunch. In response to that behavior, he had to sit in time out for 5 minutes.”\\nIf the child is older; you might be surprised what \\\"version\\\" of the day's events they tell their parents later. To combat feeling like it's your word against theirs, try to tell the parents of any issues as soon as they happen. A quick phone call or text immediately afterwards ensures you won't forget, and the parents are kept up to date with an accurate account of the situation.\\nYou could also ask the parents for their permission to record their children’s misbehavior on your phone so you can send or show them the video.\\n2-2. Get some guidance.\\nGood advice from the parents of the difficult child can be your best asset in combating unruly behavior. Politely explain to the parents that you are experiencing severe difficulty babysitting their kid, and ask them how they handle similar situations at home. Consistency between you and the parents will create a stable environment for the child and help curb negative behaviors.\\nTry starting the conversation with something like “I absolutely love babysitting Tommy, but I am having difficulties with a few things I was hoping you could help me with. He seems to throw frequent tantrums, how do you handle these at home?”\\nYou can also try saying “I think it would really help Tommy if we were on the same page. When he acts out, what consequence do you give him?”\\nIn the event the parents of the misbehaved kid don’t have any tips, ask your friends who have children how they handle tantrums and whatever other behaviors you’re trying to deal with. Chances are you’re not alone, someone you know has dealt with similar issues and will be able to give you some ideas that worked for them.\\n2-3. Create consistency.\\nNow that the parents are aware of the issues and have told you how they handle bad behavior at home, try your best to combine their rules and consequences with your ground rules. Your goal is to create as much consistency as possible, even if they have a rule you didn’t consider.\\nFor instance, you may not care if the child runs in the house instead of walking. But if the parents tell you that is a rule implemented at their house, you should add it to your rule chart.\\nIf the child is older; you may not think anything of letting them watch Cartoon Network, only to find out their parents have forbidden certain programs. Always adapt what is and isn't allowed while you're babysitting to what the parents do at home.\\nIf you think a child is lying to you about the rules or trying to bend the truth, be honest and say, \\\"I'm not sure about that, so let's wait until your parents get home, and we can ask them for next time.\\\"\\n3. Defusing Tantrums\\n3-1. Remain calm.\\nYou may be very frustrated, but it is crucial that you never take your frustrations out on the child. When you feel yourself getting upset, stop and take a deep breath. Remind yourself that they are the child, and you are the adult who is in control of the situation.\\n3-2. Give them some space.\\nAssuming no safety issues, walk away for a few minutes so that you can continue calming down, while the kid defuses their anger. Once they learn that tantrums don’t result in the kind of attention they want, they will stop using that as a tactic.\\n3-3. Distract them.\\nTell them that tantrums don’t result in whatever it is they want and try to distract them with something else. Perhaps there is a song you can sing that helps calm them down. Maybe an individual familiar object, like their favorite blanket, helps to sooth them. Whatever distraction you use, don’t give in to whatever sparked the tantrum in the first place.\\nIf you’re babysitting the child and their siblings, they might be able to help calm the delicate child down as well.\\n3-4. Enforce time out.\\nFor younger children, if the tantrum is just getting out of control, time out is needed. Designate a spot in the house, whether it be a corner, hallway, or particular chair, to be the \\\"time out spot.\\\" The general rule for timeouts is to implement 1 minute per 1 year of age. So, if Tommy is five years old, he sits in time out for 5 minutes.\\nIf they won't stay on their own, sit with them and make them stay for the entire time.\\nOlder kids can throw tantrums too, but the time out chair may be far too juvenile for them. For an older unruly child who is getting out of control, it is best to try sending them to their room, or a separate room of the house until they calm down. Tell them they need to sit in that room until they settle down and are ready to come back out and listen. This gives you both a chance to cool off before they return.\\nTips\\nIt's good to take a class in first aid and CPR for babysitters.[14]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\\n Check with your local city or mothers groups for class schedules.\\nRemember, though their mom is the boss while she is there, you are the boss when you are there. Remind the kids of that. You are in charge.\\nThe last resort is to make the kids calm down is to threaten to call the mom, and to call her.\\nWarnings\\nMake sure you have the parents' cell phone numbers in case of emergency.\\nKeep safety primary in your mind. Do not allow violence, such as two kids hitting or kicking one another constantly, to get out of hand.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Babysitting can be a difficult job. No two children are alike, and many behave differently for the sitter than they do for mom and dad. If you’re tasked with babysitting a difficult child, there are several techniques available to help gain control of the situation. By working with the parents to establish consistent ground rules that you stick to, defusing tantrums, and staying calm, you will be fully equipped to handle any difficult child on your babysitting roster.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Establishing the Ground Rules\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Explain the rules and their reasoning.\", \"描述\": \"Everyone has different parenting styles and sometimes you’ll come across children who are used to an environment with fewer rules than you’re comfortable with. To help the difficult child adapt to the rules in your babysitting environment, it’s wise to thoroughly explain your rules, age permitting.\\nIt’s a good idea to sit down with both the parents and the child when explaining the rules so the child knows you’re all on the same page.\\nDepending on the age of the child, try sitting them down and saying something like “One rule is that you keep your hands to yourself at all times because I don’t want you to hurt anyone, or get hurt by anyone.” This works well if the child is old enough to understand cause and effect, typically adequate for children ages 5-10. A 2-year-old for example, may not understand why they aren't allowed to do something, but can understand the word \\\"no\\\" and be redirected to another activity.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Make a rule chart.\", \"描述\": \"After you’ve explained your rules and the reasoning behind them, have the child assist you in making a rule chart that you can refer to when they start to act out. If the child is old enough to read, have them recite the rule they are breaking whenever they misbehave.\\nGrab some construction paper and markers and have them help you write out a numbered list of the rules. You can even let them decorate the chart. Bring the chart with you whenever you babysit and put it somewhere visible to the child.\\nWhen they break one of the rules, stop them and say “Tommy, remember rule number 3? What does it say?” Point to the rule on your chart and have them recite why it is off limits.\\nYou could offer a reward if the child follows the rules and behaves well.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Explain the consequences of broken rules.\", \"描述\": \"After you’ve explained what is expected from them and why it’s expected, tell the child what kind of repercussion will occur if one of your rules is broken.\\nYou can say something like “If you put your hands on someone else, you will be sent to time out.” Or \\\"If you throw a tantrum, you will not be allowed to watch TV.\\\"\\nSome sample punishments are taking away desserts, taking away a particular privilege (time with electronics), stopping whatever activity they are doing (don’t allow them to finish their craft), or taking away TV time or time playing outside.\\nIf the child is older, say 11-13, more effective punishments might include something like taking away their cell phone, tablet, or favorite video game.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Follow through with the consequences.\", \"描述\": \"The first time you allow a rule to be broken without the consequence you promised would follow, the child learns they can get away with acting out. Handling difficult children is all about consistency.\\nIf your rule chart says that talking back to adults will result in not being able to watch TV; you MUST turn off the TV. Even if you were in the middle of a show that you actually liked, the consequence must be followed through, or the difficult child won’t take any of your rules seriously.\\nIf the child protests, explain that your job is to enforce their parents' family rules, even if you didn't make them yourself.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Come bearing gifts.\", \"描述\": \"You don’t want the child to only associate you with rules and consequences, or they could begin resenting your presence. Try bringing a toy, treat, or new activity with you to each babysitting session. This will create excitement for your time together and can be used as another tool for maintaining the rules.\\nExplain to the child that you’re not obligated to bring gifts or fun things to do, and if they misbehave, you will stop. For example, bake some cookies to bring with you. Before letting Tommy have one, look him in the eyes and say “I like to bring goodies for you, but I don’t have to. These cookies are only for when you’re behaving nicely. If you break a rule, you won’t get any, and I won’t bring anything next time. Do you understand?”\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Communicating with the Parents\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Report the issues.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re struggling with a child, the first person you should tell is the parent. It may not be easy for everyone to hear that their child is considered difficult to deal with, but keeping open communication is essential when babysitting. Some kids act completely differently for their babysitter than they do for their parents. If the parents don’t know you’re having trouble, they can’t do anything to help fix the issue.\\nIf Tommy had a tantrum over eating his lunch and threw his plate at you, try telling the parent something like “Tommy had a pretty good day today, but I have to be honest with you, he behaved very poorly at lunch. In response to that behavior, he had to sit in time out for 5 minutes.”\\nIf the child is older; you might be surprised what \\\"version\\\" of the day's events they tell their parents later. To combat feeling like it's your word against theirs, try to tell the parents of any issues as soon as they happen. A quick phone call or text immediately afterwards ensures you won't forget, and the parents are kept up to date with an accurate account of the situation.\\nYou could also ask the parents for their permission to record their children’s misbehavior on your phone so you can send or show them the video.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get some guidance.\", \"描述\": \"Good advice from the parents of the difficult child can be your best asset in combating unruly behavior. Politely explain to the parents that you are experiencing severe difficulty babysitting their kid, and ask them how they handle similar situations at home. Consistency between you and the parents will create a stable environment for the child and help curb negative behaviors.\\nTry starting the conversation with something like “I absolutely love babysitting Tommy, but I am having difficulties with a few things I was hoping you could help me with. He seems to throw frequent tantrums, how do you handle these at home?”\\nYou can also try saying “I think it would really help Tommy if we were on the same page. When he acts out, what consequence do you give him?”\\nIn the event the parents of the misbehaved kid don’t have any tips, ask your friends who have children how they handle tantrums and whatever other behaviors you’re trying to deal with. Chances are you’re not alone, someone you know has dealt with similar issues and will be able to give you some ideas that worked for them.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Create consistency.\", \"描述\": \"Now that the parents are aware of the issues and have told you how they handle bad behavior at home, try your best to combine their rules and consequences with your ground rules. Your goal is to create as much consistency as possible, even if they have a rule you didn’t consider.\\nFor instance, you may not care if the child runs in the house instead of walking. But if the parents tell you that is a rule implemented at their house, you should add it to your rule chart.\\nIf the child is older; you may not think anything of letting them watch Cartoon Network, only to find out their parents have forbidden certain programs. Always adapt what is and isn't allowed while you're babysitting to what the parents do at home.\\nIf you think a child is lying to you about the rules or trying to bend the truth, be honest and say, \\\"I'm not sure about that, so let's wait until your parents get home, and we can ask them for next time.\\\"\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Defusing Tantrums\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Remain calm.\", \"描述\": \"You may be very frustrated, but it is crucial that you never take your frustrations out on the child. When you feel yourself getting upset, stop and take a deep breath. Remind yourself that they are the child, and you are the adult who is in control of the situation.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Give them some space.\", \"描述\": \"Assuming no safety issues, walk away for a few minutes so that you can continue calming down, while the kid defuses their anger. Once they learn that tantrums don’t result in the kind of attention they want, they will stop using that as a tactic.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Distract them.\", \"描述\": \"Tell them that tantrums don’t result in whatever it is they want and try to distract them with something else. Perhaps there is a song you can sing that helps calm them down. Maybe an individual familiar object, like their favorite blanket, helps to sooth them. Whatever distraction you use, don’t give in to whatever sparked the tantrum in the first place.\\nIf you’re babysitting the child and their siblings, they might be able to help calm the delicate child down as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Enforce time out.\", \"描述\": \"For younger children, if the tantrum is just getting out of control, time out is needed. Designate a spot in the house, whether it be a corner, hallway, or particular chair, to be the \\\"time out spot.\\\" The general rule for timeouts is to implement 1 minute per 1 year of age. So, if Tommy is five years old, he sits in time out for 5 minutes.\\nIf they won't stay on their own, sit with them and make them stay for the entire time.\\nOlder kids can throw tantrums too, but the time out chair may be far too juvenile for them. For an older unruly child who is getting out of control, it is best to try sending them to their room, or a separate room of the house until they calm down. Tell them they need to sit in that room until they settle down and are ready to come back out and listen. This gives you both a chance to cool off before they return.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"It's good to take a class in first aid and CPR for babysitters.[14]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\\n Check with your local city or mothers groups for class schedules.\\n\", \"Remember, though their mom is the boss while she is there, you are the boss when you are there. Remind the kids of that. You are in charge.\\n\", \"The last resort is to make the kids calm down is to threaten to call the mom, and to call her.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Make sure you have the parents' cell phone numbers in case of emergency.\\n\", \"Keep safety primary in your mind. Do not allow violence, such as two kids hitting or kicking one another constantly, to get out of hand.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,298 | How to Babysit Multiple Children | 1. Planning Ahead
1-1. Learn the basics about the children.
At a minimum, learn their ages and pronouns. A 12-year-old girl, 7-year-old boy, and 3-year-old girl, for example, will all have different interests, different dietary needs, different things they are allowed to do at home, and different bedtimes. Knowing these things will help you plan out activities appropriate for everyone.
You could ask the parents something like, “So you have 2 little boys that are 4 and 10. Do they have the same bedtime or is it okay for the older boy to stay up a little later?” Or “do they share similar interests? What do they like to do most of the time?”
During your first conversation with parents, don’t fret about how to ask questions to get the information you need. Parents will most likely be expecting you to ask these questions and may even offer the information without prompting.
If you feel awkward asking in the moment, simply review the information the parents gave you and then ask your questions afterward.
Take note during the conversation and write down important information, such as if the children have allergies or medical issues, where medications and a first-aid kit are kept, and any relevant phone numbers.
1-2. Meet the children.
Children are much more likely to be comfortable and behave properly if they are already familiar with you. If you can, try to visit with them for an hour or two a day or so before babysitting. This will also help you get a feel for their individual personalities and how they respond to you and each other.
If you can’t meet with them a few days beforehand, see if it’s possible for you to come over an hour or so before you are set to babysit. This way the kids can spend some time with you with the buffer of their parents to make them feel safer.
1-3. Discuss what the parents expect of you.
Many parents will go over bedtimes, dietary habits, allergies, medicines, and dos and don’ts for their children when you arrive. For example, many children have a set bedtime and a routine beforehand, or certain idiosyncrasies like having to have a particular bowl for dinner. Knowing these things will not only help the child feel more comfortable but also help you feel more concrete in directing them if they try to question you or start complaining.
Be sure to ask questions if you still feel unsure when discussing these things with a parent.
You can also make a list to go back over later in case you forget anything.
Remember, if you feel a parent is asking for more than you’re comfortable with, you can always turn down the job.
1-4. Discuss discipline.
Though you are likely to have your own ideas and way of managing behavioral problems, it’s always best to first ask a parent what to do if their child is acting up. Chances are they will tell you before you even get to this question. However, keep in mind that children act in different ways for different people, and any problems they have when their parents are around may be different than what they do with you. So make sure you are clear on rules and expectations for disciplining their children.
Asking about discipline can feel awkward, almost like you're assuming the children will do something wrong, but don't worry! A simple, “What is your approach to discipline?” or "Just in case, is there any particular way you'd like me to handle behavioral issues?" avoids assumptions and gives the parents a chance to explain their approach.
1-5. Get emergency information.
You should get the emergency contact information from the parents. For example, if you can’t reach the parents on their cell phones, can you call the place they are going or someone else to help you? The parents should have a list of numbers for you before they leave.
Before you start babysitting it’s also good to know the first aid basics like how to do CPR or the heimlich maneuver just make sure you are familiar with the procedures appropriate for the age group you’re watching.
It’s best to take a babysitting course from the American Red Cross or another reputable organization so you are prepared for various scenarios.
2. Doing Group Activities
2-1. Go outside.
This is especially good for younger children who may need to work off excess energy. Whether going to a park or just to the backyard, there are plenty of outdoor activities that you can do together. Try visiting a playground, taking a walk, or even kicking a soccer ball around. Just make sure you check with the parents before taking the children to a park or anywhere else.
Be sure you pay very close attention to the kids when you are outside! It can be easy for them to wander off, especially in a park with lots of other children. Try to make sure you keep them in sight at all times and do a regular headcount.
2-2. Play a physical game.
These can be done outside or inside and are another great way to burn off energy. Try something like Red Light/Green Light, Simon Says, Tag, or Hide and Seek to get everyone involved. Letting kids take the lead in Simon Says or Red Light/Green Light is also a great way to keep them interested.
2-3. Build a fort
Let the kids plan it out with some direction. You can also have them direct you as you get materials together and start building. This is a great way to engage everyone and let the kids be creative. You won’t need to purchase any excess materials, all you need is pillows and blankets. Of course, you are free to use any other building material like cardboard boxes, towels, couches, and tables. Just make sure you know what you are allowed to use and that you clean everything up afterward.
2-4. Create an obstacle course.
Like building a fort, creating an obstacle course is a great way to get everyone working together. Young kids also often like competition, so having them compete against each other or against you will help them engage and be interested in the activity. All you need for this is the same material you need for a fort - pillows, couches, and blankets. Just make sure you have the extra space and anything the kids can hurt themselves with is moved away.
Try putting down some tape for a “balance beam,” or to mark off spots where they have to jump from one area to another. You can also have them crawl under tables or through boxes, throw crumpled paper into laundry baskets, or even try walking backward. Get creative!
For even more space, try doing this outside.
2-5. Make a scavenger hunt.
This can be easy or difficult depending on how old the kids are and how much time you want to put in. You can use anything in the household or bring your own material for the kids. Ideally, you want it to be easy enough for them to understand, yet challenging enough to keep them interested. For younger kids, you can use pictures instead of written clues, and for older kids, you can try simple riddles.
Write things like “find one gray and white sock,” or “bring me two red pens.”
For riddles, try something like “I’m tall when I’m young and short when I’m old,” for a candle/pencil.
Make sure to include some prizes at the end for motivation. These can be anything from stickers to candy.
2-6. Try painting, drawing, or coloring.
If you don’t want the kids running all over the place and potentially screaming, try a calmer activity like arts and crafts. Most kids love to draw and color, so bringing an assortment of pens, colored pencils, crayons, and stock paper can go a long way. You can also bring a couple of coloring books.
If you know the kids’ interests, you can bring coloring books of things they like. For example, a coloring book on Disney’s Frozen or one of cars.
You can also search online for coloring material. The Disney website, for example, has a number of crafts and coloring projects based on their movies. Most of these are free for printing, however, some websites will require you to pay or join to get the material.
2-7. Have a dance party.
Most children love sing-alongs, and if you get up and dance they are likely to move right along with you. You can even let them help you decide on a playlist, that way you are sure to have the music they like.
If you have enough people, you can even turn the dance party into a game of musical chairs.
2-8. Play board games, cards, or build a puzzle.
These are great for varying age groups. If you have a mix of ages, the older kids can help the younger ones play or you can split into teams. This is also a great way to keep everyone at one table or area so you can watch them.
Easy board games like Hungry, Hungry Hippos, Sorry, Uno, or Connect Four are great for all ages. Games like Clue, Pictionary, Monopoly, or Battleship work well for older children.
3. Doing Individual Activities
3-1. Try coloring or drawing.
This works as both a group and individual activity. A few markers or crayons and some sheets of paper are all you need. You can also purchase coloring books cheaply from somewhere like Toys R’ Us or Target. This is a good way to keep one of the children still so you can monitor them while you do something else with the other child.
3-2. Bring puzzle books.
There are a variety of puzzle books for kids of all ages. You can have simple mazes for children or something harder like Sudoku for older children. If neither of these works, there are also dot-to-dot books, trivia books, and even origami books. These are great for children to work on alone or with each other.
3-3. Let the child pick out a book.
Even if they can't read yet, some children are happy to sit looking at a picture book. For older kids, letting them read a book, magazine, or comic book is a good way to make sure they’re happy while you are doing something else. Also, depending on the variation in ages, you can have the older children read to the younger ones.
3-4. Try building games.
Not only can children build whatever they want with building games like LEGOS, there are also specific instructions to make things like buildings, cars, or flying crafts. If you don't want to use LEGOS, you can also try building with K’nex or Lincoln Logs.
If there aren’t any of these materials in the home, try looking somewhere like eBay or a secondhand store to get them cheaper.
If you can’t purchase these materials yourself and are regularly watching a child or children who you think would enjoy them, try discussing buying these with the parents. They may be willing to pay for them.
4. Managing Problems
4-1. Treat the children equally.
If you’ve brought a toy or a snack for one of the children, you should have the same (or a more appropriate equivalent) for all of them. If you don’t, you may run into discipline problems.
If a child insists that one of the other children got more or something better, have that child divide the items and then let the other child have first pick. This will usually appease both children and make sure it’s still fair all around.
4-2. Separate the children if they can’t get along.
You don’t want conflicts to escalate. Having activities for each of the children to do will make it easier to keep them occupied in this case. If discipline is necessary, review the parents' instructions or use your best judgment.
Try placing the children at opposite ends of the room or in different rooms where you can monitor both. You can either give them a quiet activity like drawing to do alone or simply have them sit quietly for 5-10 minutes. You can even have them write an apology for what they did wrong.
You should always make sure to explain to a child calmly what they did wrong and why they are being punished.
4-3. Be patient and set a good example.
Since children's needs can vary widely from age to age, you may often find yourself being pulled in different directions at once. Keep your cool. The older children may get frustrated with the younger children due to their differences in cognitive ability, and you have to set the example for the right way to treat them.
Always calmly answer any questions that arise to the best of your ability - younger kids ask a lot.
Realize that the children are always watching you. Don't set a good example only when you're dealing with a tantrum.
You also shouldn’t rush through activities if the younger kids are taking a while. If the older children become frustrated, either have them move onto something else or ask them to help you with the younger kids instead.
4-4. Place yourself somewhere you can see everything.
If each of the children is doing a different activity, try to move yourself somewhere where you can watch them both. If this isn't possible, try to at least move them into the same room. For example, if one child wants to play a video game in the game room and another child wants to color, see if you can have the one child color in the game room.
You should always maintain sight and sound supervision of every child in your care.
4-5. Have the older kids help you monitor the younger ones.
Give them some responsibilities by clarifying that they are older and thus more capable and responsible. It’s likely that they're used to doing this as they may be older siblings anyways, or used to being with younger children. Also, most little kids look up to their siblings or older ones and will want to do what they are doing.
Try to ask them for help rather than simply telling them to help. Simply say, “Hey, could you help Jade with her drawing?” or “Could you please help me run the kids through this activity?”
Tips
Be flexible! Children's temperaments and wants can change quickly, so be patient and willing to change course if you need to.
Ask questions, don't worry about asking too much when speaking with parents, it's better to get all the information you can.
Don't go crazy or get sad if the kid(s) don't like your games.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:43",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Planning Ahead\\n1-1. Learn the basics about the children.\\nAt a minimum, learn their ages and pronouns. A 12-year-old girl, 7-year-old boy, and 3-year-old girl, for example, will all have different interests, different dietary needs, different things they are allowed to do at home, and different bedtimes. Knowing these things will help you plan out activities appropriate for everyone.\\nYou could ask the parents something like, “So you have 2 little boys that are 4 and 10. Do they have the same bedtime or is it okay for the older boy to stay up a little later?” Or “do they share similar interests? What do they like to do most of the time?”\\nDuring your first conversation with parents, don’t fret about how to ask questions to get the information you need. Parents will most likely be expecting you to ask these questions and may even offer the information without prompting.\\nIf you feel awkward asking in the moment, simply review the information the parents gave you and then ask your questions afterward.\\nTake note during the conversation and write down important information, such as if the children have allergies or medical issues, where medications and a first-aid kit are kept, and any relevant phone numbers.\\n1-2. Meet the children.\\nChildren are much more likely to be comfortable and behave properly if they are already familiar with you. If you can, try to visit with them for an hour or two a day or so before babysitting. This will also help you get a feel for their individual personalities and how they respond to you and each other.\\nIf you can’t meet with them a few days beforehand, see if it’s possible for you to come over an hour or so before you are set to babysit. This way the kids can spend some time with you with the buffer of their parents to make them feel safer.\\n1-3. Discuss what the parents expect of you.\\nMany parents will go over bedtimes, dietary habits, allergies, medicines, and dos and don’ts for their children when you arrive. For example, many children have a set bedtime and a routine beforehand, or certain idiosyncrasies like having to have a particular bowl for dinner. Knowing these things will not only help the child feel more comfortable but also help you feel more concrete in directing them if they try to question you or start complaining.\\nBe sure to ask questions if you still feel unsure when discussing these things with a parent.\\nYou can also make a list to go back over later in case you forget anything.\\nRemember, if you feel a parent is asking for more than you’re comfortable with, you can always turn down the job.\\n1-4. Discuss discipline.\\nThough you are likely to have your own ideas and way of managing behavioral problems, it’s always best to first ask a parent what to do if their child is acting up. Chances are they will tell you before you even get to this question. However, keep in mind that children act in different ways for different people, and any problems they have when their parents are around may be different than what they do with you. So make sure you are clear on rules and expectations for disciplining their children.\\nAsking about discipline can feel awkward, almost like you're assuming the children will do something wrong, but don't worry! A simple, “What is your approach to discipline?” or \\\"Just in case, is there any particular way you'd like me to handle behavioral issues?\\\" avoids assumptions and gives the parents a chance to explain their approach.\\n1-5. Get emergency information.\\nYou should get the emergency contact information from the parents. For example, if you can’t reach the parents on their cell phones, can you call the place they are going or someone else to help you? The parents should have a list of numbers for you before they leave.\\nBefore you start babysitting it’s also good to know the first aid basics like how to do CPR or the heimlich maneuver just make sure you are familiar with the procedures appropriate for the age group you’re watching.\\nIt’s best to take a babysitting course from the American Red Cross or another reputable organization so you are prepared for various scenarios.\\n2. Doing Group Activities\\n2-1. Go outside.\\nThis is especially good for younger children who may need to work off excess energy. Whether going to a park or just to the backyard, there are plenty of outdoor activities that you can do together. Try visiting a playground, taking a walk, or even kicking a soccer ball around. Just make sure you check with the parents before taking the children to a park or anywhere else.\\nBe sure you pay very close attention to the kids when you are outside! It can be easy for them to wander off, especially in a park with lots of other children. Try to make sure you keep them in sight at all times and do a regular headcount.\\n2-2. Play a physical game.\\nThese can be done outside or inside and are another great way to burn off energy. Try something like Red Light/Green Light, Simon Says, Tag, or Hide and Seek to get everyone involved. Letting kids take the lead in Simon Says or Red Light/Green Light is also a great way to keep them interested.\\n2-3. Build a fort\\nLet the kids plan it out with some direction. You can also have them direct you as you get materials together and start building. This is a great way to engage everyone and let the kids be creative. You won’t need to purchase any excess materials, all you need is pillows and blankets. Of course, you are free to use any other building material like cardboard boxes, towels, couches, and tables. Just make sure you know what you are allowed to use and that you clean everything up afterward.\\n2-4. Create an obstacle course.\\nLike building a fort, creating an obstacle course is a great way to get everyone working together. Young kids also often like competition, so having them compete against each other or against you will help them engage and be interested in the activity. All you need for this is the same material you need for a fort - pillows, couches, and blankets. Just make sure you have the extra space and anything the kids can hurt themselves with is moved away.\\nTry putting down some tape for a “balance beam,” or to mark off spots where they have to jump from one area to another. You can also have them crawl under tables or through boxes, throw crumpled paper into laundry baskets, or even try walking backward. Get creative! \\nFor even more space, try doing this outside.\\n2-5. Make a scavenger hunt.\\nThis can be easy or difficult depending on how old the kids are and how much time you want to put in. You can use anything in the household or bring your own material for the kids. Ideally, you want it to be easy enough for them to understand, yet challenging enough to keep them interested. For younger kids, you can use pictures instead of written clues, and for older kids, you can try simple riddles.\\nWrite things like “find one gray and white sock,” or “bring me two red pens.”\\nFor riddles, try something like “I’m tall when I’m young and short when I’m old,” for a candle/pencil.\\nMake sure to include some prizes at the end for motivation. These can be anything from stickers to candy.\\n2-6. Try painting, drawing, or coloring.\\nIf you don’t want the kids running all over the place and potentially screaming, try a calmer activity like arts and crafts. Most kids love to draw and color, so bringing an assortment of pens, colored pencils, crayons, and stock paper can go a long way. You can also bring a couple of coloring books.\\nIf you know the kids’ interests, you can bring coloring books of things they like. For example, a coloring book on Disney’s Frozen or one of cars.\\nYou can also search online for coloring material. The Disney website, for example, has a number of crafts and coloring projects based on their movies. Most of these are free for printing, however, some websites will require you to pay or join to get the material.\\n2-7. Have a dance party.\\nMost children love sing-alongs, and if you get up and dance they are likely to move right along with you. You can even let them help you decide on a playlist, that way you are sure to have the music they like.\\nIf you have enough people, you can even turn the dance party into a game of musical chairs.\\n2-8. Play board games, cards, or build a puzzle.\\nThese are great for varying age groups. If you have a mix of ages, the older kids can help the younger ones play or you can split into teams. This is also a great way to keep everyone at one table or area so you can watch them.\\nEasy board games like Hungry, Hungry Hippos, Sorry, Uno, or Connect Four are great for all ages. Games like Clue, Pictionary, Monopoly, or Battleship work well for older children.\\n3. Doing Individual Activities\\n3-1. Try coloring or drawing.\\nThis works as both a group and individual activity. A few markers or crayons and some sheets of paper are all you need. You can also purchase coloring books cheaply from somewhere like Toys R’ Us or Target. This is a good way to keep one of the children still so you can monitor them while you do something else with the other child.\\n3-2. Bring puzzle books.\\nThere are a variety of puzzle books for kids of all ages. You can have simple mazes for children or something harder like Sudoku for older children. If neither of these works, there are also dot-to-dot books, trivia books, and even origami books. These are great for children to work on alone or with each other.\\n3-3. Let the child pick out a book.\\nEven if they can't read yet, some children are happy to sit looking at a picture book. For older kids, letting them read a book, magazine, or comic book is a good way to make sure they’re happy while you are doing something else. Also, depending on the variation in ages, you can have the older children read to the younger ones.\\n3-4. Try building games.\\nNot only can children build whatever they want with building games like LEGOS, there are also specific instructions to make things like buildings, cars, or flying crafts. If you don't want to use LEGOS, you can also try building with K’nex or Lincoln Logs.\\nIf there aren’t any of these materials in the home, try looking somewhere like eBay or a secondhand store to get them cheaper.\\nIf you can’t purchase these materials yourself and are regularly watching a child or children who you think would enjoy them, try discussing buying these with the parents. They may be willing to pay for them.\\n4. Managing Problems\\n4-1. Treat the children equally.\\nIf you’ve brought a toy or a snack for one of the children, you should have the same (or a more appropriate equivalent) for all of them. If you don’t, you may run into discipline problems.\\nIf a child insists that one of the other children got more or something better, have that child divide the items and then let the other child have first pick. This will usually appease both children and make sure it’s still fair all around.\\n4-2. Separate the children if they can’t get along.\\nYou don’t want conflicts to escalate. Having activities for each of the children to do will make it easier to keep them occupied in this case. If discipline is necessary, review the parents' instructions or use your best judgment.\\nTry placing the children at opposite ends of the room or in different rooms where you can monitor both. You can either give them a quiet activity like drawing to do alone or simply have them sit quietly for 5-10 minutes. You can even have them write an apology for what they did wrong.\\nYou should always make sure to explain to a child calmly what they did wrong and why they are being punished.\\n4-3. Be patient and set a good example.\\nSince children's needs can vary widely from age to age, you may often find yourself being pulled in different directions at once. Keep your cool. The older children may get frustrated with the younger children due to their differences in cognitive ability, and you have to set the example for the right way to treat them.\\nAlways calmly answer any questions that arise to the best of your ability - younger kids ask a lot.\\nRealize that the children are always watching you. Don't set a good example only when you're dealing with a tantrum.\\nYou also shouldn’t rush through activities if the younger kids are taking a while. If the older children become frustrated, either have them move onto something else or ask them to help you with the younger kids instead.\\n4-4. Place yourself somewhere you can see everything.\\nIf each of the children is doing a different activity, try to move yourself somewhere where you can watch them both. If this isn't possible, try to at least move them into the same room. For example, if one child wants to play a video game in the game room and another child wants to color, see if you can have the one child color in the game room.\\nYou should always maintain sight and sound supervision of every child in your care.\\n4-5. Have the older kids help you monitor the younger ones.\\nGive them some responsibilities by clarifying that they are older and thus more capable and responsible. It’s likely that they're used to doing this as they may be older siblings anyways, or used to being with younger children. Also, most little kids look up to their siblings or older ones and will want to do what they are doing.\\nTry to ask them for help rather than simply telling them to help. Simply say, “Hey, could you help Jade with her drawing?” or “Could you please help me run the kids through this activity?”\\nTips\\nBe flexible! Children's temperaments and wants can change quickly, so be patient and willing to change course if you need to.\\nAsk questions, don't worry about asking too much when speaking with parents, it's better to get all the information you can.\\nDon't go crazy or get sad if the kid(s) don't like your games.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Babysitting is a popular job for both teens and adults as it can be a great way to make a little extra money. While it may seem a little intimidating at first, especially to someone who has never done it before, it's simple to get the hang of with practice. Every child is different, and whether you’re watching a multitude of them or just one, it can be a rewarding experience.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Planning Ahead\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn the basics about the children.\", \"描述\": \"At a minimum, learn their ages and pronouns. A 12-year-old girl, 7-year-old boy, and 3-year-old girl, for example, will all have different interests, different dietary needs, different things they are allowed to do at home, and different bedtimes. Knowing these things will help you plan out activities appropriate for everyone.\\nYou could ask the parents something like, “So you have 2 little boys that are 4 and 10. Do they have the same bedtime or is it okay for the older boy to stay up a little later?” Or “do they share similar interests? What do they like to do most of the time?”\\nDuring your first conversation with parents, don’t fret about how to ask questions to get the information you need. Parents will most likely be expecting you to ask these questions and may even offer the information without prompting.\\nIf you feel awkward asking in the moment, simply review the information the parents gave you and then ask your questions afterward.\\nTake note during the conversation and write down important information, such as if the children have allergies or medical issues, where medications and a first-aid kit are kept, and any relevant phone numbers.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Meet the children.\", \"描述\": \"Children are much more likely to be comfortable and behave properly if they are already familiar with you. If you can, try to visit with them for an hour or two a day or so before babysitting. This will also help you get a feel for their individual personalities and how they respond to you and each other.\\nIf you can’t meet with them a few days beforehand, see if it’s possible for you to come over an hour or so before you are set to babysit. This way the kids can spend some time with you with the buffer of their parents to make them feel safer.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Discuss what the parents expect of you.\", \"描述\": \"Many parents will go over bedtimes, dietary habits, allergies, medicines, and dos and don’ts for their children when you arrive. For example, many children have a set bedtime and a routine beforehand, or certain idiosyncrasies like having to have a particular bowl for dinner. Knowing these things will not only help the child feel more comfortable but also help you feel more concrete in directing them if they try to question you or start complaining.\\nBe sure to ask questions if you still feel unsure when discussing these things with a parent.\\nYou can also make a list to go back over later in case you forget anything.\\nRemember, if you feel a parent is asking for more than you’re comfortable with, you can always turn down the job.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Discuss discipline.\", \"描述\": \"Though you are likely to have your own ideas and way of managing behavioral problems, it’s always best to first ask a parent what to do if their child is acting up. Chances are they will tell you before you even get to this question. However, keep in mind that children act in different ways for different people, and any problems they have when their parents are around may be different than what they do with you. So make sure you are clear on rules and expectations for disciplining their children.\\nAsking about discipline can feel awkward, almost like you're assuming the children will do something wrong, but don't worry! A simple, “What is your approach to discipline?” or \\\"Just in case, is there any particular way you'd like me to handle behavioral issues?\\\" avoids assumptions and gives the parents a chance to explain their approach.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Get emergency information.\", \"描述\": \"You should get the emergency contact information from the parents. For example, if you can’t reach the parents on their cell phones, can you call the place they are going or someone else to help you? The parents should have a list of numbers for you before they leave.\\nBefore you start babysitting it’s also good to know the first aid basics like how to do CPR or the heimlich maneuver just make sure you are familiar with the procedures appropriate for the age group you’re watching.\\nIt’s best to take a babysitting course from the American Red Cross or another reputable organization so you are prepared for various scenarios.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Doing Group Activities\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Go outside.\", \"描述\": \"This is especially good for younger children who may need to work off excess energy. Whether going to a park or just to the backyard, there are plenty of outdoor activities that you can do together. Try visiting a playground, taking a walk, or even kicking a soccer ball around. Just make sure you check with the parents before taking the children to a park or anywhere else.\\nBe sure you pay very close attention to the kids when you are outside! It can be easy for them to wander off, especially in a park with lots of other children. Try to make sure you keep them in sight at all times and do a regular headcount.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Play a physical game.\", \"描述\": \"These can be done outside or inside and are another great way to burn off energy. Try something like Red Light/Green Light, Simon Says, Tag, or Hide and Seek to get everyone involved. Letting kids take the lead in Simon Says or Red Light/Green Light is also a great way to keep them interested.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Build a fort\", \"描述\": \"Let the kids plan it out with some direction. You can also have them direct you as you get materials together and start building. This is a great way to engage everyone and let the kids be creative. You won’t need to purchase any excess materials, all you need is pillows and blankets. Of course, you are free to use any other building material like cardboard boxes, towels, couches, and tables. Just make sure you know what you are allowed to use and that you clean everything up afterward.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Create an obstacle course.\", \"描述\": \"Like building a fort, creating an obstacle course is a great way to get everyone working together. Young kids also often like competition, so having them compete against each other or against you will help them engage and be interested in the activity. All you need for this is the same material you need for a fort - pillows, couches, and blankets. Just make sure you have the extra space and anything the kids can hurt themselves with is moved away.\\nTry putting down some tape for a “balance beam,” or to mark off spots where they have to jump from one area to another. You can also have them crawl under tables or through boxes, throw crumpled paper into laundry baskets, or even try walking backward. Get creative! \\nFor even more space, try doing this outside.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Make a scavenger hunt.\", \"描述\": \"This can be easy or difficult depending on how old the kids are and how much time you want to put in. You can use anything in the household or bring your own material for the kids. Ideally, you want it to be easy enough for them to understand, yet challenging enough to keep them interested. For younger kids, you can use pictures instead of written clues, and for older kids, you can try simple riddles.\\nWrite things like “find one gray and white sock,” or “bring me two red pens.”\\nFor riddles, try something like “I’m tall when I’m young and short when I’m old,” for a candle/pencil.\\nMake sure to include some prizes at the end for motivation. These can be anything from stickers to candy.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Try painting, drawing, or coloring.\", \"描述\": \"If you don’t want the kids running all over the place and potentially screaming, try a calmer activity like arts and crafts. Most kids love to draw and color, so bringing an assortment of pens, colored pencils, crayons, and stock paper can go a long way. You can also bring a couple of coloring books.\\nIf you know the kids’ interests, you can bring coloring books of things they like. For example, a coloring book on Disney’s Frozen or one of cars.\\nYou can also search online for coloring material. The Disney website, for example, has a number of crafts and coloring projects based on their movies. Most of these are free for printing, however, some websites will require you to pay or join to get the material.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Have a dance party.\", \"描述\": \"Most children love sing-alongs, and if you get up and dance they are likely to move right along with you. You can even let them help you decide on a playlist, that way you are sure to have the music they like.\\nIf you have enough people, you can even turn the dance party into a game of musical chairs.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Play board games, cards, or build a puzzle.\", \"描述\": \"These are great for varying age groups. If you have a mix of ages, the older kids can help the younger ones play or you can split into teams. This is also a great way to keep everyone at one table or area so you can watch them.\\nEasy board games like Hungry, Hungry Hippos, Sorry, Uno, or Connect Four are great for all ages. Games like Clue, Pictionary, Monopoly, or Battleship work well for older children.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Doing Individual Activities\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Try coloring or drawing.\", \"描述\": \"This works as both a group and individual activity. A few markers or crayons and some sheets of paper are all you need. You can also purchase coloring books cheaply from somewhere like Toys R’ Us or Target. This is a good way to keep one of the children still so you can monitor them while you do something else with the other child.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Bring puzzle books.\", \"描述\": \"There are a variety of puzzle books for kids of all ages. You can have simple mazes for children or something harder like Sudoku for older children. If neither of these works, there are also dot-to-dot books, trivia books, and even origami books. These are great for children to work on alone or with each other.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Let the child pick out a book.\", \"描述\": \"Even if they can't read yet, some children are happy to sit looking at a picture book. For older kids, letting them read a book, magazine, or comic book is a good way to make sure they’re happy while you are doing something else. Also, depending on the variation in ages, you can have the older children read to the younger ones.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Try building games.\", \"描述\": \"Not only can children build whatever they want with building games like LEGOS, there are also specific instructions to make things like buildings, cars, or flying crafts. If you don't want to use LEGOS, you can also try building with K’nex or Lincoln Logs.\\nIf there aren’t any of these materials in the home, try looking somewhere like eBay or a secondhand store to get them cheaper.\\nIf you can’t purchase these materials yourself and are regularly watching a child or children who you think would enjoy them, try discussing buying these with the parents. They may be willing to pay for them.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Managing Problems\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Treat the children equally.\", \"描述\": \"If you’ve brought a toy or a snack for one of the children, you should have the same (or a more appropriate equivalent) for all of them. If you don’t, you may run into discipline problems.\\nIf a child insists that one of the other children got more or something better, have that child divide the items and then let the other child have first pick. This will usually appease both children and make sure it’s still fair all around.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Separate the children if they can’t get along.\", \"描述\": \"You don’t want conflicts to escalate. Having activities for each of the children to do will make it easier to keep them occupied in this case. If discipline is necessary, review the parents' instructions or use your best judgment.\\nTry placing the children at opposite ends of the room or in different rooms where you can monitor both. You can either give them a quiet activity like drawing to do alone or simply have them sit quietly for 5-10 minutes. You can even have them write an apology for what they did wrong.\\nYou should always make sure to explain to a child calmly what they did wrong and why they are being punished.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be patient and set a good example.\", \"描述\": \"Since children's needs can vary widely from age to age, you may often find yourself being pulled in different directions at once. Keep your cool. The older children may get frustrated with the younger children due to their differences in cognitive ability, and you have to set the example for the right way to treat them.\\nAlways calmly answer any questions that arise to the best of your ability - younger kids ask a lot.\\nRealize that the children are always watching you. Don't set a good example only when you're dealing with a tantrum.\\nYou also shouldn’t rush through activities if the younger kids are taking a while. If the older children become frustrated, either have them move onto something else or ask them to help you with the younger kids instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Place yourself somewhere you can see everything.\", \"描述\": \"If each of the children is doing a different activity, try to move yourself somewhere where you can watch them both. If this isn't possible, try to at least move them into the same room. For example, if one child wants to play a video game in the game room and another child wants to color, see if you can have the one child color in the game room.\\nYou should always maintain sight and sound supervision of every child in your care.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Have the older kids help you monitor the younger ones.\", \"描述\": \"Give them some responsibilities by clarifying that they are older and thus more capable and responsible. It’s likely that they're used to doing this as they may be older siblings anyways, or used to being with younger children. Also, most little kids look up to their siblings or older ones and will want to do what they are doing.\\nTry to ask them for help rather than simply telling them to help. Simply say, “Hey, could you help Jade with her drawing?” or “Could you please help me run the kids through this activity?”\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Be flexible! Children's temperaments and wants can change quickly, so be patient and willing to change course if you need to.\\n\", \"Ask questions, don't worry about asking too much when speaking with parents, it's better to get all the information you can.\\n\", \"Don't go crazy or get sad if the kid(s) don't like your games.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,299 | How to Babysit Older Kids | 1. Having Fun
1-1. Give the child a choice.
Let them choose from a variety of age-appropriate activities. Older kids need different things to do than younger kids. A young kid may like to color, but an older kid may prefer movies and video games. Ask the child what they’d like to do for the evening. You usually need to prepare these activities in advance.
If the children want to watch movies, make sure you know which ones they’re allowed to watch. Some parents are very particular about the movies their kids watch.
If the children want to play video games, make sure to clear it with the parents first.
Talk to the child and parents ahead of time to get some different ideas for activities and games that the child might like.
1-2. Bring some crafts.
Choose something age-appropriate. Children between the ages of five and ten might enjoy using watercolor paints or cutting out shapes, but older children will find this boring. Alternatively, they might enjoy making a book from scratch or learning how to use specialty art tools like oil pastels.
Gather your tools in advance. Don’t rely on the parents to have everything you need in their house. Plus, even if the kids have a house full of toys, whatever book, game, or toy you bring along will be new and exciting and special.
Use constructive criticism when making crafts with older children. Older children can be sensitive and may not take harsh criticism well. Instead of saying "it's wonderful" or "it's horrible" say, " The line on the unicorn's tail is a little uneven, but I love the way you did the eyes".
1-3. Go to the park.
Before they leave, ask the parents if there’s a park nearby that you can take the children to. Bring some kicking or catching balls, bubbles, or jump ropes. If you wear the children out, it will be easier to convince them to go to bed later. However, be sure you can handle watching them outside. Don’t let them wander off unsupervised.
Bring a picnic dinner if you’re planning on staying at the park for a long time. It will be a fun change of routine for the children.
Outdoor activities are better for smaller groups of children because it’s easier to keep track of them all. If you’re babysitting three or more children, stay inside.
1-4. Play a fun board game.
Ask the child if they have any favorite board games they’d like to play. Similarly, you could bring two or three of your own board games and let the child pick their favorite. Popular board games include Twister, Monopoly, and Pictionary.
Twister is an excellent option for high-energy children, as it will wear them out quickly.
If any arguments break out during the board game, remain calm and positive. Try to redirect the children’s attention to playing the game.
1-5. Have a movie and pizza party.
Ask the parents in advance if you can order pizza for the night. While waiting for the pizza to arrive, play games to see who gets to pick the movie. For example, you could ask them to answer trivia questions. Whoever answers the most questions correctly gets to choose the movie.
If possible, have three or four movies for the children to choose from. It will be easier to clear four movies with the parents and may prevent long arguments among the children.
Make sure the parents leave you money for the pizza.
2. Setting Boundaries with the Parents
2-1. Ask the parents to outline your evening with their children.
What time do they normally eat dinner, and what should you serve them? What time do they go to bed? Do they need to take a bath before bed? This is important information that parents may forget to tell you.
Bring a notepad to write down their responses. Otherwise, you may forget important details.
2-2. Ask about food allergies.
The parents may forget whether or not you know about their child’s food allergy, especially if they have more than one child. Make sure to ask your parents if there’s anything their child can’t eat or touch. Find out if they have any medication or an EpiPen on hand in case of an attack.
If you don’t know how to use an EpiPen, ask the parent to show you how. This is critical information that you may need.
If necessary, ask the parents to write a detailed procedure on what to do if the child has an allergic reaction.
2-3. Write down important phone numbers.
Record both parents’ phone numbers in case of an emergency. If the child has a lot of health issues, they may also have a physician’s private number. If so, ask for that as well. Make sure you’re familiar with the emergency number for your area.
If you don’t have a cell phone, ask if you can use their landline in an emergency. However, if they don’t have a landline, one of the parents should leave their cell phone with you.
Ask if the children are allowed to use the phone.
2-4. Ask about rules for yourself.
What movies can you show the children? What food are you allowed to eat in the fridge? Is there any food that’s being saved for later? Would they mind if you watched TV after the children went to sleep? Do they mind if you use your phone around the children? Can you take pictures of the children? Make sure you have a clear idea of their expectations for you. Otherwise, you may annoy them and they won’t call you next time they need a babysitter.
Make sure you know how to use the television before the parents leave, especially if you plan on watching TV with the children.
3. Controlling the Situation
3-1. Set limits.
If you ask the parents for guidelines in advance, you can back up these limits with parental authority. Just like younger kids, older kids need clear rules. For example, they might still have an early bedtime. You have to resist the urge to give in to their pleas and be firm about your rules.
If the child has trouble cooperating, turn your instructions into a game. For example, you could challenge them to get ready for bed in under five minutes.
Offer the child rewards for behaving. For example, let them pick the movie that you watch or the board game that you play.
Let them know that you're aware of the family rules and say something like, "I didn't make these rules, but we do have to follow them."
3-2. Treat the children with respect.
Older children appreciate being treated like adults. For example, give them a choice whenever you can. This will show the child that you respect their opinions. Similarly, stay calm and positive when talking to the child. This will encourage them to stay calm and positive as well.
Don’t interrupt the child when they’re talking. If you do, they’ll feel like you don’t respect what they have to say.
Never lose your cool. If you panic, the child may lose all respect for you.
3-3. Be ready for falsehoods.
Some older kids like to trick babysitters. For example, they may try to convince you that they’re allowed to play outside with their friends unsupervised. Firmly tell them that you know they’re not allowed and to stop asking. Of course, it helps to have asked the parents about these limitations in advance, but when in doubt, say no.
If they persist with their falsehood, tell them you’ll call their parents for permission.
If you catch the child lying, don’t take it personally. Stay positive and friendly.
If you genuinely aren't sure about something they're asking to do, be honest and tell them that because you don’t know the family’s rule, they’ll just have to wait until the parents get home.
3-4. Be prepared for injuries.
If the worst happens, remember to keep calm. Children take cues from the authority figures in their lives; if you freak out, they’ll freak out. Refer to the list of emergency numbers that the parents gave you to figure out who to call.
If the child is in immediate danger, help them before you call the parents. The child’s safety comes first.
If the situation requires it, you may need to move to another location. Keep the children with you at all times by holding their hands.
Before the parents leave, ask them to show you where the first-aid kit is.
Having a CPR and first-aid certification is always a good idea when you want to work as a babysitter.
Tips
Try to relate with them as much as possible.[13]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
When the children are throwing tantrums, try to distract them and redirect their attention to something else.[14]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
Validate the children's feelings and emotions, but move on. Don't give in to their tantrums.[15]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
Warnings
Never leave children alone in the bathtub, especially young children. It could lead to drowning or kids fooling around and choking on water.
Try to model the children's behavior by setting a good example and being a role model at all times.[16]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:43",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Having Fun\\n1-1. Give the child a choice.\\nLet them choose from a variety of age-appropriate activities. Older kids need different things to do than younger kids. A young kid may like to color, but an older kid may prefer movies and video games. Ask the child what they’d like to do for the evening. You usually need to prepare these activities in advance.\\nIf the children want to watch movies, make sure you know which ones they’re allowed to watch. Some parents are very particular about the movies their kids watch.\\nIf the children want to play video games, make sure to clear it with the parents first.\\nTalk to the child and parents ahead of time to get some different ideas for activities and games that the child might like.\\n1-2. Bring some crafts.\\nChoose something age-appropriate. Children between the ages of five and ten might enjoy using watercolor paints or cutting out shapes, but older children will find this boring. Alternatively, they might enjoy making a book from scratch or learning how to use specialty art tools like oil pastels.\\nGather your tools in advance. Don’t rely on the parents to have everything you need in their house. Plus, even if the kids have a house full of toys, whatever book, game, or toy you bring along will be new and exciting and special.\\nUse constructive criticism when making crafts with older children. Older children can be sensitive and may not take harsh criticism well. Instead of saying \\\"it's wonderful\\\" or \\\"it's horrible\\\" say, \\\" The line on the unicorn's tail is a little uneven, but I love the way you did the eyes\\\".\\n1-3. Go to the park.\\nBefore they leave, ask the parents if there’s a park nearby that you can take the children to. Bring some kicking or catching balls, bubbles, or jump ropes. If you wear the children out, it will be easier to convince them to go to bed later. However, be sure you can handle watching them outside. Don’t let them wander off unsupervised.\\nBring a picnic dinner if you’re planning on staying at the park for a long time. It will be a fun change of routine for the children.\\nOutdoor activities are better for smaller groups of children because it’s easier to keep track of them all. If you’re babysitting three or more children, stay inside.\\n1-4. Play a fun board game.\\nAsk the child if they have any favorite board games they’d like to play. Similarly, you could bring two or three of your own board games and let the child pick their favorite. Popular board games include Twister, Monopoly, and Pictionary.\\nTwister is an excellent option for high-energy children, as it will wear them out quickly.\\nIf any arguments break out during the board game, remain calm and positive. Try to redirect the children’s attention to playing the game.\\n1-5. Have a movie and pizza party.\\nAsk the parents in advance if you can order pizza for the night. While waiting for the pizza to arrive, play games to see who gets to pick the movie. For example, you could ask them to answer trivia questions. Whoever answers the most questions correctly gets to choose the movie.\\nIf possible, have three or four movies for the children to choose from. It will be easier to clear four movies with the parents and may prevent long arguments among the children.\\nMake sure the parents leave you money for the pizza.\\n2. Setting Boundaries with the Parents\\n2-1. Ask the parents to outline your evening with their children.\\nWhat time do they normally eat dinner, and what should you serve them? What time do they go to bed? Do they need to take a bath before bed? This is important information that parents may forget to tell you.\\nBring a notepad to write down their responses. Otherwise, you may forget important details.\\n2-2. Ask about food allergies.\\nThe parents may forget whether or not you know about their child’s food allergy, especially if they have more than one child. Make sure to ask your parents if there’s anything their child can’t eat or touch. Find out if they have any medication or an EpiPen on hand in case of an attack.\\nIf you don’t know how to use an EpiPen, ask the parent to show you how. This is critical information that you may need.\\nIf necessary, ask the parents to write a detailed procedure on what to do if the child has an allergic reaction.\\n2-3. Write down important phone numbers.\\nRecord both parents’ phone numbers in case of an emergency. If the child has a lot of health issues, they may also have a physician’s private number. If so, ask for that as well. Make sure you’re familiar with the emergency number for your area.\\nIf you don’t have a cell phone, ask if you can use their landline in an emergency. However, if they don’t have a landline, one of the parents should leave their cell phone with you.\\nAsk if the children are allowed to use the phone.\\n2-4. Ask about rules for yourself.\\nWhat movies can you show the children? What food are you allowed to eat in the fridge? Is there any food that’s being saved for later? Would they mind if you watched TV after the children went to sleep? Do they mind if you use your phone around the children? Can you take pictures of the children? Make sure you have a clear idea of their expectations for you. Otherwise, you may annoy them and they won’t call you next time they need a babysitter.\\nMake sure you know how to use the television before the parents leave, especially if you plan on watching TV with the children.\\n3. Controlling the Situation\\n3-1. Set limits.\\nIf you ask the parents for guidelines in advance, you can back up these limits with parental authority. Just like younger kids, older kids need clear rules. For example, they might still have an early bedtime. You have to resist the urge to give in to their pleas and be firm about your rules.\\nIf the child has trouble cooperating, turn your instructions into a game. For example, you could challenge them to get ready for bed in under five minutes.\\nOffer the child rewards for behaving. For example, let them pick the movie that you watch or the board game that you play.\\nLet them know that you're aware of the family rules and say something like, \\\"I didn't make these rules, but we do have to follow them.\\\"\\n3-2. Treat the children with respect.\\nOlder children appreciate being treated like adults. For example, give them a choice whenever you can. This will show the child that you respect their opinions. Similarly, stay calm and positive when talking to the child. This will encourage them to stay calm and positive as well.\\nDon’t interrupt the child when they’re talking. If you do, they’ll feel like you don’t respect what they have to say.\\nNever lose your cool. If you panic, the child may lose all respect for you.\\n3-3. Be ready for falsehoods.\\nSome older kids like to trick babysitters. For example, they may try to convince you that they’re allowed to play outside with their friends unsupervised. Firmly tell them that you know they’re not allowed and to stop asking. Of course, it helps to have asked the parents about these limitations in advance, but when in doubt, say no.\\nIf they persist with their falsehood, tell them you’ll call their parents for permission.\\nIf you catch the child lying, don’t take it personally. Stay positive and friendly.\\nIf you genuinely aren't sure about something they're asking to do, be honest and tell them that because you don’t know the family’s rule, they’ll just have to wait until the parents get home.\\n3-4. Be prepared for injuries.\\nIf the worst happens, remember to keep calm. Children take cues from the authority figures in their lives; if you freak out, they’ll freak out. Refer to the list of emergency numbers that the parents gave you to figure out who to call.\\nIf the child is in immediate danger, help them before you call the parents. The child’s safety comes first.\\nIf the situation requires it, you may need to move to another location. Keep the children with you at all times by holding their hands.\\nBefore the parents leave, ask them to show you where the first-aid kit is.\\nHaving a CPR and first-aid certification is always a good idea when you want to work as a babysitter.\\nTips\\nTry to relate with them as much as possible.[13]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\nWhen the children are throwing tantrums, try to distract them and redirect their attention to something else.[14]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\nValidate the children's feelings and emotions, but move on. Don't give in to their tantrums.[15]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\nWarnings\\nNever leave children alone in the bathtub, especially young children. It could lead to drowning or kids fooling around and choking on water.\\nTry to model the children's behavior by setting a good example and being a role model at all times.[16]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Babysitting a ten-year-old is pretty different from babysitting a ten-month-old. Older kids may want to do more advanced activities and may be self-conscious about being baby-sat. However, you still need to set limits. It’s best to find a balance between making them feel independent while commanding their respect.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Having Fun\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Give the child a choice.\", \"描述\": \"Let them choose from a variety of age-appropriate activities. Older kids need different things to do than younger kids. A young kid may like to color, but an older kid may prefer movies and video games. Ask the child what they’d like to do for the evening. You usually need to prepare these activities in advance.\\nIf the children want to watch movies, make sure you know which ones they’re allowed to watch. Some parents are very particular about the movies their kids watch.\\nIf the children want to play video games, make sure to clear it with the parents first.\\nTalk to the child and parents ahead of time to get some different ideas for activities and games that the child might like.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Bring some crafts.\", \"描述\": \"Choose something age-appropriate. Children between the ages of five and ten might enjoy using watercolor paints or cutting out shapes, but older children will find this boring. Alternatively, they might enjoy making a book from scratch or learning how to use specialty art tools like oil pastels.\\nGather your tools in advance. Don’t rely on the parents to have everything you need in their house. Plus, even if the kids have a house full of toys, whatever book, game, or toy you bring along will be new and exciting and special.\\nUse constructive criticism when making crafts with older children. Older children can be sensitive and may not take harsh criticism well. Instead of saying \\\"it's wonderful\\\" or \\\"it's horrible\\\" say, \\\" The line on the unicorn's tail is a little uneven, but I love the way you did the eyes\\\".\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Go to the park.\", \"描述\": \"Before they leave, ask the parents if there’s a park nearby that you can take the children to. Bring some kicking or catching balls, bubbles, or jump ropes. If you wear the children out, it will be easier to convince them to go to bed later. However, be sure you can handle watching them outside. Don’t let them wander off unsupervised.\\nBring a picnic dinner if you’re planning on staying at the park for a long time. It will be a fun change of routine for the children.\\nOutdoor activities are better for smaller groups of children because it’s easier to keep track of them all. If you’re babysitting three or more children, stay inside.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Play a fun board game.\", \"描述\": \"Ask the child if they have any favorite board games they’d like to play. Similarly, you could bring two or three of your own board games and let the child pick their favorite. Popular board games include Twister, Monopoly, and Pictionary.\\nTwister is an excellent option for high-energy children, as it will wear them out quickly.\\nIf any arguments break out during the board game, remain calm and positive. Try to redirect the children’s attention to playing the game.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Have a movie and pizza party.\", \"描述\": \"Ask the parents in advance if you can order pizza for the night. While waiting for the pizza to arrive, play games to see who gets to pick the movie. For example, you could ask them to answer trivia questions. Whoever answers the most questions correctly gets to choose the movie.\\nIf possible, have three or four movies for the children to choose from. It will be easier to clear four movies with the parents and may prevent long arguments among the children.\\nMake sure the parents leave you money for the pizza.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Setting Boundaries with the Parents\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Ask the parents to outline your evening with their children.\", \"描述\": \"What time do they normally eat dinner, and what should you serve them? What time do they go to bed? Do they need to take a bath before bed? This is important information that parents may forget to tell you.\\nBring a notepad to write down their responses. Otherwise, you may forget important details.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Ask about food allergies.\", \"描述\": \"The parents may forget whether or not you know about their child’s food allergy, especially if they have more than one child. Make sure to ask your parents if there’s anything their child can’t eat or touch. Find out if they have any medication or an EpiPen on hand in case of an attack.\\nIf you don’t know how to use an EpiPen, ask the parent to show you how. This is critical information that you may need.\\nIf necessary, ask the parents to write a detailed procedure on what to do if the child has an allergic reaction.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Write down important phone numbers.\", \"描述\": \"Record both parents’ phone numbers in case of an emergency. If the child has a lot of health issues, they may also have a physician’s private number. If so, ask for that as well. Make sure you’re familiar with the emergency number for your area.\\nIf you don’t have a cell phone, ask if you can use their landline in an emergency. However, if they don’t have a landline, one of the parents should leave their cell phone with you.\\nAsk if the children are allowed to use the phone.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Ask about rules for yourself.\", \"描述\": \"What movies can you show the children? What food are you allowed to eat in the fridge? Is there any food that’s being saved for later? Would they mind if you watched TV after the children went to sleep? Do they mind if you use your phone around the children? Can you take pictures of the children? Make sure you have a clear idea of their expectations for you. Otherwise, you may annoy them and they won’t call you next time they need a babysitter.\\nMake sure you know how to use the television before the parents leave, especially if you plan on watching TV with the children.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Controlling the Situation\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set limits.\", \"描述\": \"If you ask the parents for guidelines in advance, you can back up these limits with parental authority. Just like younger kids, older kids need clear rules. For example, they might still have an early bedtime. You have to resist the urge to give in to their pleas and be firm about your rules.\\nIf the child has trouble cooperating, turn your instructions into a game. For example, you could challenge them to get ready for bed in under five minutes.\\nOffer the child rewards for behaving. For example, let them pick the movie that you watch or the board game that you play.\\nLet them know that you're aware of the family rules and say something like, \\\"I didn't make these rules, but we do have to follow them.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Treat the children with respect.\", \"描述\": \"Older children appreciate being treated like adults. For example, give them a choice whenever you can. This will show the child that you respect their opinions. Similarly, stay calm and positive when talking to the child. This will encourage them to stay calm and positive as well.\\nDon’t interrupt the child when they’re talking. If you do, they’ll feel like you don’t respect what they have to say.\\nNever lose your cool. If you panic, the child may lose all respect for you.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be ready for falsehoods.\", \"描述\": \"Some older kids like to trick babysitters. For example, they may try to convince you that they’re allowed to play outside with their friends unsupervised. Firmly tell them that you know they’re not allowed and to stop asking. Of course, it helps to have asked the parents about these limitations in advance, but when in doubt, say no.\\nIf they persist with their falsehood, tell them you’ll call their parents for permission.\\nIf you catch the child lying, don’t take it personally. Stay positive and friendly.\\nIf you genuinely aren't sure about something they're asking to do, be honest and tell them that because you don’t know the family’s rule, they’ll just have to wait until the parents get home.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Be prepared for injuries.\", \"描述\": \"If the worst happens, remember to keep calm. Children take cues from the authority figures in their lives; if you freak out, they’ll freak out. Refer to the list of emergency numbers that the parents gave you to figure out who to call.\\nIf the child is in immediate danger, help them before you call the parents. The child’s safety comes first.\\nIf the situation requires it, you may need to move to another location. Keep the children with you at all times by holding their hands.\\nBefore the parents leave, ask them to show you where the first-aid kit is.\\nHaving a CPR and first-aid certification is always a good idea when you want to work as a babysitter.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Try to relate with them as much as possible.[13]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\", \"When the children are throwing tantrums, try to distract them and redirect their attention to something else.[14]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\", \"Validate the children's feelings and emotions, but move on. Don't give in to their tantrums.[15]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never leave children alone in the bathtub, especially young children. It could lead to drowning or kids fooling around and choking on water.\\n\", \"Try to model the children's behavior by setting a good example and being a role model at all times.[16]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,300 | How to Babysit a 1 Year Old | 1. Creating a Safe Environment
1-1. Arrive early.
Get to the child's home 15 - 30 minutes before it is time for the parents to leave. Use this time to get instructions from the parents, discuss your responsibilities, and take a tour of the home. Also ask the parents about any house rules and about the child's routine.
Ask about the child's eating schedule, bedtime, and preferred activities.
Locate the first aid supplies and ask about any areas of the house that are off limits for the child.
Ask if you are allowed to have visitors, use your cell phone, or use the television and computer.
Make sure to write down any important information, such as phone numbers, the child’s bedtime, and when and what to feed the child.
1-2. Get the emergency information.
Anything can happen while you are babysitting. It is important for you to easily be able to contact someone if something goes wrong. Get the name and phone number for the parents and another adult in case the parents are not available. Also write down the address where you are babysitting in case you need to call emergency services.
In case the child swallows something poisonous, the number to the poison control center is 1-800-222-1222. This is a 24/7 number.
1-3. Secure the house.
Once the parents leave, make sure you lock all of the doors and windows. You should also close all of the blinds, especially if you are babysitting at night. Close the doors to any areas that the child should not go in as well.
1-4. Play in safe areas.
Toddlers are very active and anything can happen when you turn your back. Do not allow the child to play near closets, chests, medicine cabinets, or any storage locations. Check with the parents before you take the child outside to play. If the child is allowed to play outside, keep him or her away from traffic and in designated safe areas.
Also keep the child away from stairs and electrical outlets.
Make sure everything within the baby's reach is anchored down so they don't pull anything on top of themselves.
Be aware of any small toy pieces or particles on the floor that the child may pick up and put in his or her mouth.
Never take your eyes off of the child.
2. Taking Care of the Child
2-1. Know how to change a diaper.
A 1-year-old will probably need a diaper change while you are babysitting. It is important that you change the child regularly so he or she does not get a diaper rash. Check the diaper before and after a nap or when the child eats. A wet diaper will likely feel heavy, and you will definitely be able to smell a poopy diaper. Gather all of your supplies (e.g. clean diaper, baby wipes, damp washcloth, dry washcloth, diaper ointment, changing pad) before you get started.
Place the child on the changing table and remove the dirty diaper. Wipe the child from front to back with the damp washcloth or baby wipe.
Pat the child dry with a clean, dry washcloth and put a thin layer of diaper ointment if the parents have asked you to.
Open the new diaper, lift the child's legs, and slide the diaper under him or her. Place the front part of the diaper between the child's legs and onto his or her belly. Then fasten the adhesive strips from the back of the diaper to the front of the diaper.
Wash your hands and the baby’s after you are finished changing the diaper.
Never leave the child unattended on the changing table. A good rule is to always keep 1 hand on the baby while they are on the changing table.
2-2. Feed the child.
Ask the parents what kind of food the child likes to eat and how well the child can chew and feed him/herself. Most toddlers like finger foods that can be easily picked up, and they are not very good at using utensils yet. Cut the food into bite size pieces before giving it to the child. Make sure the child is sitting down during meal time. You do not want the child to choke.
Most toddlers eat 3 meals a day and few snacks in between. Check with the parents to determine the child's feeding schedule.
Also, make sure to ask if the child has any allergies. If the child has a severe allergy, find out where the parents keep the Epi-Pen and ask them to demonstrate how to use it in case of an emergency.
2-3. Engage in fun activities.
Good activities for a 1-year-old include: building with and knocking down blocks, playing with soft stuffed animals, playing hide and seek, and playing with any toys that can be pushed or pulled (e.g. tool sets, telephones, dish sets). Children this age can also draw with large crayons. You may have to hold the paper down while the child draws.
Ask the parents what the child's favorite toys and activities are.
Whatever you play with the child, never take your eyes off of him or her.
Children get bored easily, so you will probably have to do multiple activities while you are babysitting.
2-4. Put them to bed.
Ask the parents the child's bedtime and usual nighttime routine. The child may not want to go to bed, but it is best to keep his or her typical schedule.. You may give the child some warm milk or read a story before putting the child to bed. Check on the child periodically while he or she is sleeping. Do not listen to the TV too loudly or talk on the phone just because the child is sleeping. You need to be able to hear if the child makes a noise or begins to cry.
If the child begins to cry, wait a minute and see if he or she stops. If the crying does not stop, go check on the child. You may have to comfort and/or hold the child until he or she goes back to sleep.
Check on the child every 30 minutes.
2-5. Bathe the child.
Some parents may not be comfortable with you bathing the child. Check with the parents before they leave to make sure it is alright. Fill the bath tub with about four or five inches of lukewarm water. Apply a small amount of the child’s soap to the child's body and then rinse the child off. Use a washcloth to clean the child's face. Do not get soap in the child's face or eyes. Once you are finished, dry the child off, put on a fresh diaper, and dress the child.
Make sure to ask the parent first if it is okay to bathe the child.
Only use products that are meant for the child.
Never leave the child alone in the tub. Never take your eyes off of them either!
If the child has bath toys, allow him or her to play with them during bath time.
Smile and talk to the child as you bathe him or her.
3. Handling Common Problems
3-1. Deal with a temper tantrum.
Keeping the child occupied and happy can help prevent temper tantrums, but the child may have one anyways. If the 1-year-old throws a temper tantrum stay calm and never argue with the child. Children that age have a pretty short attention span, so distracting them with a toy or activity could stop the tantrum. If he or she is on the ground kicking and rolling around, try to keep the child safe and from damaging anything. Although it may be tempting, do not leave the child alone in a room during the tantrum.
Once the tantrum is over, comfort and hold the child and try to engage the child with a fun activity.
3-2. Console a crying child.
A 1-year-old may cry when his or her parents leave. This is normal, and the child will probably stop once he or she gets comfortable. Remind the child that his or parents will be coming back later and try to distract the child with a toy or a snack. Continue to stay calm and comfort the child. Your demeanor will help the child feel safe and comfortable.
3-3. Stop a child from hitting you.
Small children sometimes like to hit other people. If the 1-year old hits you, firmly tell the child to stop. Ask the child’s parents if they use time outs. If not, and if the child hits you, say to the child, “It is not okay to hit me.” Then, suggest something else for them to do with their hands, such as coloring or playing with some building blocks. If the child does not stop, let the parents know about the behavior when they return.
Never hit or physically punish the child.
3-4. Talk to the parents.
Once the parents return, give them a report of how the babysitting went. Tell them about meal time, diaper changes, and bedtime. Let them know the activities that you did with the child and the child's reaction to the different activities. It is important to be detailed because the child is unable to let the parents know how things with.
Always be honest with the parents about how everything went.
Tips
In case of an emergency, call 911.
Never take your eyes off of the child. Your number one job is to keep the child safe.
Do not forget to have fun while you are babysitting. You should not be stressed the entire time.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:43",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Creating a Safe Environment\\n1-1. Arrive early.\\nGet to the child's home 15 - 30 minutes before it is time for the parents to leave. Use this time to get instructions from the parents, discuss your responsibilities, and take a tour of the home. Also ask the parents about any house rules and about the child's routine.\\nAsk about the child's eating schedule, bedtime, and preferred activities.\\nLocate the first aid supplies and ask about any areas of the house that are off limits for the child.\\nAsk if you are allowed to have visitors, use your cell phone, or use the television and computer.\\nMake sure to write down any important information, such as phone numbers, the child’s bedtime, and when and what to feed the child.\\n1-2. Get the emergency information.\\nAnything can happen while you are babysitting. It is important for you to easily be able to contact someone if something goes wrong. Get the name and phone number for the parents and another adult in case the parents are not available. Also write down the address where you are babysitting in case you need to call emergency services.\\nIn case the child swallows something poisonous, the number to the poison control center is 1-800-222-1222. This is a 24/7 number.\\n1-3. Secure the house.\\nOnce the parents leave, make sure you lock all of the doors and windows. You should also close all of the blinds, especially if you are babysitting at night. Close the doors to any areas that the child should not go in as well.\\n1-4. Play in safe areas.\\nToddlers are very active and anything can happen when you turn your back. Do not allow the child to play near closets, chests, medicine cabinets, or any storage locations. Check with the parents before you take the child outside to play. If the child is allowed to play outside, keep him or her away from traffic and in designated safe areas.\\nAlso keep the child away from stairs and electrical outlets.\\nMake sure everything within the baby's reach is anchored down so they don't pull anything on top of themselves.\\nBe aware of any small toy pieces or particles on the floor that the child may pick up and put in his or her mouth.\\nNever take your eyes off of the child.\\n2. Taking Care of the Child\\n2-1. Know how to change a diaper.\\nA 1-year-old will probably need a diaper change while you are babysitting. It is important that you change the child regularly so he or she does not get a diaper rash. Check the diaper before and after a nap or when the child eats. A wet diaper will likely feel heavy, and you will definitely be able to smell a poopy diaper. Gather all of your supplies (e.g. clean diaper, baby wipes, damp washcloth, dry washcloth, diaper ointment, changing pad) before you get started.\\nPlace the child on the changing table and remove the dirty diaper. Wipe the child from front to back with the damp washcloth or baby wipe.\\nPat the child dry with a clean, dry washcloth and put a thin layer of diaper ointment if the parents have asked you to.\\nOpen the new diaper, lift the child's legs, and slide the diaper under him or her. Place the front part of the diaper between the child's legs and onto his or her belly. Then fasten the adhesive strips from the back of the diaper to the front of the diaper.\\nWash your hands and the baby’s after you are finished changing the diaper.\\nNever leave the child unattended on the changing table. A good rule is to always keep 1 hand on the baby while they are on the changing table.\\n2-2. Feed the child.\\nAsk the parents what kind of food the child likes to eat and how well the child can chew and feed him/herself. Most toddlers like finger foods that can be easily picked up, and they are not very good at using utensils yet. Cut the food into bite size pieces before giving it to the child. Make sure the child is sitting down during meal time. You do not want the child to choke.\\nMost toddlers eat 3 meals a day and few snacks in between. Check with the parents to determine the child's feeding schedule.\\nAlso, make sure to ask if the child has any allergies. If the child has a severe allergy, find out where the parents keep the Epi-Pen and ask them to demonstrate how to use it in case of an emergency.\\n2-3. Engage in fun activities.\\nGood activities for a 1-year-old include: building with and knocking down blocks, playing with soft stuffed animals, playing hide and seek, and playing with any toys that can be pushed or pulled (e.g. tool sets, telephones, dish sets). Children this age can also draw with large crayons. You may have to hold the paper down while the child draws.\\nAsk the parents what the child's favorite toys and activities are.\\nWhatever you play with the child, never take your eyes off of him or her.\\nChildren get bored easily, so you will probably have to do multiple activities while you are babysitting.\\n2-4. Put them to bed.\\nAsk the parents the child's bedtime and usual nighttime routine. The child may not want to go to bed, but it is best to keep his or her typical schedule.. You may give the child some warm milk or read a story before putting the child to bed. Check on the child periodically while he or she is sleeping. Do not listen to the TV too loudly or talk on the phone just because the child is sleeping. You need to be able to hear if the child makes a noise or begins to cry.\\nIf the child begins to cry, wait a minute and see if he or she stops. If the crying does not stop, go check on the child. You may have to comfort and/or hold the child until he or she goes back to sleep.\\nCheck on the child every 30 minutes.\\n2-5. Bathe the child.\\nSome parents may not be comfortable with you bathing the child. Check with the parents before they leave to make sure it is alright. Fill the bath tub with about four or five inches of lukewarm water. Apply a small amount of the child’s soap to the child's body and then rinse the child off. Use a washcloth to clean the child's face. Do not get soap in the child's face or eyes. Once you are finished, dry the child off, put on a fresh diaper, and dress the child.\\nMake sure to ask the parent first if it is okay to bathe the child.\\nOnly use products that are meant for the child.\\nNever leave the child alone in the tub. Never take your eyes off of them either!\\nIf the child has bath toys, allow him or her to play with them during bath time.\\nSmile and talk to the child as you bathe him or her.\\n3. Handling Common Problems\\n3-1. Deal with a temper tantrum.\\nKeeping the child occupied and happy can help prevent temper tantrums, but the child may have one anyways. If the 1-year-old throws a temper tantrum stay calm and never argue with the child. Children that age have a pretty short attention span, so distracting them with a toy or activity could stop the tantrum. If he or she is on the ground kicking and rolling around, try to keep the child safe and from damaging anything. Although it may be tempting, do not leave the child alone in a room during the tantrum.\\nOnce the tantrum is over, comfort and hold the child and try to engage the child with a fun activity.\\n3-2. Console a crying child.\\nA 1-year-old may cry when his or her parents leave. This is normal, and the child will probably stop once he or she gets comfortable. Remind the child that his or parents will be coming back later and try to distract the child with a toy or a snack. Continue to stay calm and comfort the child. Your demeanor will help the child feel safe and comfortable.\\n3-3. Stop a child from hitting you.\\nSmall children sometimes like to hit other people. If the 1-year old hits you, firmly tell the child to stop. Ask the child’s parents if they use time outs. If not, and if the child hits you, say to the child, “It is not okay to hit me.” Then, suggest something else for them to do with their hands, such as coloring or playing with some building blocks. If the child does not stop, let the parents know about the behavior when they return.\\nNever hit or physically punish the child.\\n3-4. Talk to the parents.\\nOnce the parents return, give them a report of how the babysitting went. Tell them about meal time, diaper changes, and bedtime. Let them know the activities that you did with the child and the child's reaction to the different activities. It is important to be detailed because the child is unable to let the parents know how things with.\\nAlways be honest with the parents about how everything went.\\nTips\\nIn case of an emergency, call 911.\\nNever take your eyes off of the child. Your number one job is to keep the child safe.\\nDo not forget to have fun while you are babysitting. You should not be stressed the entire time.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Babysitting can be a fun way to spend time with children and even make some extra money. Taking care of a 1-year-old can be intimidating, but you should not worry. Good communication with the parents and being attentive to the needs of the child is a good foundation. As long as you keep the child safe, well fed, and happy, you will be a great babysitter.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Creating a Safe Environment\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Arrive early.\", \"描述\": \"Get to the child's home 15 - 30 minutes before it is time for the parents to leave. Use this time to get instructions from the parents, discuss your responsibilities, and take a tour of the home. Also ask the parents about any house rules and about the child's routine.\\nAsk about the child's eating schedule, bedtime, and preferred activities.\\nLocate the first aid supplies and ask about any areas of the house that are off limits for the child.\\nAsk if you are allowed to have visitors, use your cell phone, or use the television and computer.\\nMake sure to write down any important information, such as phone numbers, the child’s bedtime, and when and what to feed the child.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Get the emergency information.\", \"描述\": \"Anything can happen while you are babysitting. It is important for you to easily be able to contact someone if something goes wrong. Get the name and phone number for the parents and another adult in case the parents are not available. Also write down the address where you are babysitting in case you need to call emergency services.\\nIn case the child swallows something poisonous, the number to the poison control center is 1-800-222-1222. This is a 24/7 number.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Secure the house.\", \"描述\": \"Once the parents leave, make sure you lock all of the doors and windows. You should also close all of the blinds, especially if you are babysitting at night. Close the doors to any areas that the child should not go in as well.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Play in safe areas.\", \"描述\": \"Toddlers are very active and anything can happen when you turn your back. Do not allow the child to play near closets, chests, medicine cabinets, or any storage locations. Check with the parents before you take the child outside to play. If the child is allowed to play outside, keep him or her away from traffic and in designated safe areas.\\nAlso keep the child away from stairs and electrical outlets.\\nMake sure everything within the baby's reach is anchored down so they don't pull anything on top of themselves.\\nBe aware of any small toy pieces or particles on the floor that the child may pick up and put in his or her mouth.\\nNever take your eyes off of the child.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Taking Care of the Child\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Know how to change a diaper.\", \"描述\": \"A 1-year-old will probably need a diaper change while you are babysitting. It is important that you change the child regularly so he or she does not get a diaper rash. Check the diaper before and after a nap or when the child eats. A wet diaper will likely feel heavy, and you will definitely be able to smell a poopy diaper. Gather all of your supplies (e.g. clean diaper, baby wipes, damp washcloth, dry washcloth, diaper ointment, changing pad) before you get started.\\nPlace the child on the changing table and remove the dirty diaper. Wipe the child from front to back with the damp washcloth or baby wipe.\\nPat the child dry with a clean, dry washcloth and put a thin layer of diaper ointment if the parents have asked you to.\\nOpen the new diaper, lift the child's legs, and slide the diaper under him or her. Place the front part of the diaper between the child's legs and onto his or her belly. Then fasten the adhesive strips from the back of the diaper to the front of the diaper.\\nWash your hands and the baby’s after you are finished changing the diaper.\\nNever leave the child unattended on the changing table. A good rule is to always keep 1 hand on the baby while they are on the changing table.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Feed the child.\", \"描述\": \"Ask the parents what kind of food the child likes to eat and how well the child can chew and feed him/herself. Most toddlers like finger foods that can be easily picked up, and they are not very good at using utensils yet. Cut the food into bite size pieces before giving it to the child. Make sure the child is sitting down during meal time. You do not want the child to choke.\\nMost toddlers eat 3 meals a day and few snacks in between. Check with the parents to determine the child's feeding schedule.\\nAlso, make sure to ask if the child has any allergies. If the child has a severe allergy, find out where the parents keep the Epi-Pen and ask them to demonstrate how to use it in case of an emergency.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Engage in fun activities.\", \"描述\": \"Good activities for a 1-year-old include: building with and knocking down blocks, playing with soft stuffed animals, playing hide and seek, and playing with any toys that can be pushed or pulled (e.g. tool sets, telephones, dish sets). Children this age can also draw with large crayons. You may have to hold the paper down while the child draws.\\nAsk the parents what the child's favorite toys and activities are.\\nWhatever you play with the child, never take your eyes off of him or her.\\nChildren get bored easily, so you will probably have to do multiple activities while you are babysitting.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Put them to bed.\", \"描述\": \"Ask the parents the child's bedtime and usual nighttime routine. The child may not want to go to bed, but it is best to keep his or her typical schedule.. You may give the child some warm milk or read a story before putting the child to bed. Check on the child periodically while he or she is sleeping. Do not listen to the TV too loudly or talk on the phone just because the child is sleeping. You need to be able to hear if the child makes a noise or begins to cry.\\nIf the child begins to cry, wait a minute and see if he or she stops. If the crying does not stop, go check on the child. You may have to comfort and/or hold the child until he or she goes back to sleep.\\nCheck on the child every 30 minutes.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Bathe the child.\", \"描述\": \"Some parents may not be comfortable with you bathing the child. Check with the parents before they leave to make sure it is alright. Fill the bath tub with about four or five inches of lukewarm water. Apply a small amount of the child’s soap to the child's body and then rinse the child off. Use a washcloth to clean the child's face. Do not get soap in the child's face or eyes. Once you are finished, dry the child off, put on a fresh diaper, and dress the child.\\nMake sure to ask the parent first if it is okay to bathe the child.\\nOnly use products that are meant for the child.\\nNever leave the child alone in the tub. Never take your eyes off of them either!\\nIf the child has bath toys, allow him or her to play with them during bath time.\\nSmile and talk to the child as you bathe him or her.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Handling Common Problems\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Deal with a temper tantrum.\", \"描述\": \"Keeping the child occupied and happy can help prevent temper tantrums, but the child may have one anyways. If the 1-year-old throws a temper tantrum stay calm and never argue with the child. Children that age have a pretty short attention span, so distracting them with a toy or activity could stop the tantrum. If he or she is on the ground kicking and rolling around, try to keep the child safe and from damaging anything. Although it may be tempting, do not leave the child alone in a room during the tantrum.\\nOnce the tantrum is over, comfort and hold the child and try to engage the child with a fun activity.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Console a crying child.\", \"描述\": \"A 1-year-old may cry when his or her parents leave. This is normal, and the child will probably stop once he or she gets comfortable. Remind the child that his or parents will be coming back later and try to distract the child with a toy or a snack. Continue to stay calm and comfort the child. Your demeanor will help the child feel safe and comfortable.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Stop a child from hitting you.\", \"描述\": \"Small children sometimes like to hit other people. If the 1-year old hits you, firmly tell the child to stop. Ask the child’s parents if they use time outs. If not, and if the child hits you, say to the child, “It is not okay to hit me.” Then, suggest something else for them to do with their hands, such as coloring or playing with some building blocks. If the child does not stop, let the parents know about the behavior when they return.\\nNever hit or physically punish the child.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Talk to the parents.\", \"描述\": \"Once the parents return, give them a report of how the babysitting went. Tell them about meal time, diaper changes, and bedtime. Let them know the activities that you did with the child and the child's reaction to the different activities. It is important to be detailed because the child is unable to let the parents know how things with.\\nAlways be honest with the parents about how everything went.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"In case of an emergency, call 911.\\n\", \"Never take your eyes off of the child. Your number one job is to keep the child safe.\\n\", \"Do not forget to have fun while you are babysitting. You should not be stressed the entire time.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,301 | How to Babysit a Toddler | 1. Babysitting Basics
1-1. Keep an eye on them all the time; you never know what they might try to attempt.
Don't even leave the room for a second. You would be surprised what kind of mess a toddler can make in the time that you take to use the bathroom. If you are going to get something then take the toddler with you. Keep anything dangerous away from his/her reach. Toddlers love to get into mischief (terrible two's) and you never know what they will do if you leave the room.
1-2. Give them snacks in between meals.
Toddlers need to eat more often than adults, because of them growing, so give them a snack if they need it. You might give them a drink of juice, water, or milk. Some kids might eat animal crackers or fruit snacks. Watch them when they eat. Learn how to get things out of little children's mouths if they are choking.
Don't let the child graze on snacks the whole time you're watching them. They still need to eat three regular meals a day, with two snacks in between. Talk to the parents if you're not sure what or how much to feed them.
Do not feed the child anything they are allergic to. Their parents should tell you beforehand if they are allergic to anything. Make sure that the snacks are not too big that they could choke on, nor too small that they could swallow without chewing it. If the parents don't mention anything about allergies, ask them about it.
Because of their limited experiences, toddlers sometimes mistake boredom or sadness for hunger. To determine whether a toddler is genuinely hungry or mistaken, entertain them. If they forget about food, then they were just bored, but if they keep demanding food, then they're genuinely hungry.
1-3. Check their diaper regularly:
Change it promptly if it needs it. The smell is usually a strong indicator. If the child is recently toilet trained, ask regularly whether he or she needs to use the bathroom and watch for signs of needing to go. If you wait until the child tells you they have to use the bathroom, it might be too late, and then you have a mess to clean up.
Signs that a toddler needs to use the bathroom include holding their privates (if they need to pee) or their butt (if they need to poop). Being squirmy or distracted can also be a sign, though it's not a given, since many toddlers are naturally squirmy with short attention spans.
1-4. Bring first-aid supplies.
Get your own first aid kit, and cover it with stickers and supply it with fun colorful band-aids. If you can't get those, offer to color on the band-aids when a kid gets hurt. Make sure you have all the important stuff. Call this box the Boo-boo Box. Don't make a big deal about an injury, just say, "Uh-oh! Let's get you a band-aid!" This way, they will laugh and be happy.
1-5. Prepare for emergencies.
Keep important numbers like the child's doctor, the poison control center, and the parents' cell phones by the home phone. These are vital in an emergency. Only call the parents if necessary or in an emergency, though. You don't want to cause them stress or bother them if they're doing something important.
1-6. Consider getting training.
Take a babysitting class with the Red Cross, a local community center, or local community college. They will teach you CPR and useful information if something bad happens. They can also teach you a lot about how to deal with kids effectively and play with them well. These classes are usually cheap and will look impressive to any parents looking to hire a babysitter.
1-7. Go over the ground rules with the parents.
Try to learn as much as you can about the rules the parents have set both for the child and for you. Don't break any rules the parents have, such as bed times and whether or not they can have junk food before bed. Not only is this bad for the kid, but you might even get caught if the child knows how to talk at all. If the child claims "Mommy or Daddy always let me _________" don't believe them. Children like to test limits to see if they can get their way, so they may lie about what their parents allow as a way of testing limits.
1-8. Discipline according to the parents' rules.
If the child needs to be disciplined, make sure you've worked out with the parents ahead of time how that discipline should be handled. Different parents have different rules. Even if you think it's okay to spank, for example, the parents might not believe that and you should respect their wishes.
1-9. Be polite and respectful of the home.
Don't go digging in the fridge. It's their food that they buy. They invited you over to watch their child, not for dinner. You should also be respectful of the rest of their home, and not go digging in drawers, cabinets, or closets. You never know when a family has a nanny-cam too, so be careful!
2. Entertaining the Child
2-1. Make a list of activities:
Keep them occupied. Kids love to play. Make sure you have loads of toys, building blocks, bring crafts it depends on age, rattles, books, and even spoons. Be creative! Sometimes bringing over some of your old toys will keep them happy. The toys may be old to you, but the toddler will be excited to have toys that are new to them.
Be prepared to change games multiple times. Kids at that age have a very short attention span.
2-2. Go on a walk or get some exercise.
Take them for a walk, in a stroller. Point out different things on the sidewalk or the road. Make a game out of crossing the street safely remember to say to the toddler, "Look left and right. No cars, we can cross!" Eventually, you'll have the toddler saying it with you! You can hold hands and go for a walk too if they're able to walk, but this should not be for much more than to the end of the street and back.
Another option is to run around and be crazy with them, but this should be done strategically. You have to spend hours doing this if you're going to do it before putting them down for bed. Doing just a little bit of crazy play before bed makes them more hyper. Doing a lot for an extended period of time will make them hyper very briefly before they just collapse from exhaustion.
Bring out your artistic side. Color with crayons. Ask the kid to draw a picture of their family, pet, or their favorite toy. They will enjoy telling you about the things that they like. You can also give the child building bricks or blocks. Help them learn to build different kinds of towers and knock them down, or he or she may act upset if it falls down, but just help them, a little, to build it again.
2-3. Read them a book.
Small children, even the very active ones, usually love to read books. Sit on the floor or couch with a book, blanket and a stuffed animal, and read with them. Put the toddler on your lap to read the story. They love cuddles! Goodnight Moon, Green Eggs and Ham, and Are You My Mother? are good book choices for most toddlers.
Show pictures in a book that has pictures of farm or zoo animals. Say, "Do you see the doggy? I see the doggy! Where's the horse? There's the horse!" Kids love to show what they know, and will soon be pointing them out to you.
Describe an animal and ask what sound it makes. Examples could be cows, horses, and pigs. Start being a little bit silly. Make animal sounds or noises for any books with animals. Get the child to make the sounds too.
2-4. Sing a song.
Sing a classic nursery rhyme, or something that they would know. Maybe they can even suggest one! Kids love songs, especially songs with lots of clapping and moving around. Old MacDonald, Hokey Pokey, Wheels on the Bus, Incy Wincy (or Itsy Bitsy) Spider, and anything from Raffi's extensive collection of children's songs are great for small children.
2-5. Play sorting games.
If the child is a slightly older toddler, you can teach them how to sort toys by kind, size, color, or what it does. Sort again by a different rule.
2-6. Teach them colors.
If there or solid color shapes or toys, when the child picks up one of them say the color excitedly like it's a game: "Red!",... "Blue!",... "Green!" When they start to get it, say something like, "Can you put all the reds together? What toy is red? Show me." so that they can practice identifying colors.
Call-out the color when you put one in a group and when the child puts one in, or takes one, or works with them or messes up a pile.
2-7. Play counting games.
Count toys up to 5 or 6 if they seem interested in numbers. Encourage them to count even it it is mixed up. Don't make a fuss about mistakes. Give them lots of examples of each number, by making several piles of two or three toys.
2-8. Don't overload them with options.
Present the toys one at a time, when playing with toys. This helps because if there are many toys to choose from at once, they'll only play with the pile for a few moments and get bored and the house will be messy. Ask the toddler to help you clean up, and make a game out of it. Thank them for helping, this will make them feel good and want to help again.
If there is only one toy, they'll stick with it until they get bored, and you can hand them another one, but later offer 2 or 3 related toys because sometimes they tend to play with more than one toy at a time.
3. Acting Correctly
3-1. Be kind.
Don't say harsh things or get angry. Don't be sarcastic, because you will only confuse the child, if they are old enough to understand some words. It is okay to "pretend anger", playfully, as if insulted or pretending amusement, etc. Be a clever actor, but not too silly, be kind of serious, and use the pretending to teach.
You can show hurt feelings from a child's actions or words, however. Realize that though they may say anything, they usually don't mean it (since many toddlers like trying to shock adults), and they usually get over it very quickly. Just pretend shock, giggle and chuckle at their smarting off or their cute actions, they should cooperate (better than if you were to have a war of wills and serious words).
Happily explain what you really mean, in a gentle way, but don't be surprised that they make a game of touching things and looking at you to see how you react, just say "no-no". Try to give an alternative activity.
3-2. Be careful what you say!
Never call the child names. Toddlers are great at picking up words and you never know what they'll repeat to their parents! Also, some families might believe some words are rude when you think they are not. For example, instead of " Stupid", try "Silly" instead.
3-3. Be comforting at bedtime.
If the toddler wakes up and starts screaming or crying for their mom or dad, just sit with them and softly say, "shhhh" and tell them, "It's okay; I'm here." If they mention wanting Mommy or Daddy, tell them that when they wake up, their Mommy will be there. They need to know that everything will go back to normal soon.
Don't bring up their parent if they don't though. That will only upset them.
You can also try singing them lullabies and rock them on a rocking chair.
Tips
Don't open the door for anyone while babysitting unless the parent gives consent.[15]
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Be friendly to the kids and treat them like you would your friends, then they will want you to come back.
Keep the kids distracted by something at all times or they will mess the house up
Warnings
Toddlers like to know that someone is in control and taking care of them. If they cry, pick them up and say things like "It's okay" and "You're alright." They want to know someone is there for them. And remember the toddler stage is the most active stage of a child's life.
Keep the toddler away from tables they can hit their heads on and sharp dangerous things.
Learn how to get things out of toddler's mouths if they start to choke.
If you just put on the TV the whole time, the toddler will get bored. Try different activities like listening to music, having a snack, playing with a pet, going in the backyard, or playing a game like patty-cake.
Avoid giving toddlers rounded foods like grapes or hot dogs. Most toddlers don't chew food very well. Cut them into non-rounded shapes. Also, avoid nuts, very chewy meat (meat should be very soft and tender) and chips/crisps.
Don't feed them anything you think they can be allergic to.
Toddlers also love to color so bring some crayons and some coloring sheets that have a picture of something they enjoy (ex. princesses, cars, trains or fun characters from shows).
Ask the parents first before bringing any of your friends over.
Never give a toddler a toy, food, or anything smaller than their mouth.[16]
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Even then you should know CPR.
If nothing works then call their parents after 2 1/2 hours of their crying.
If they start crying, change the diaper (if they need it), feed, or cuddle them. If they won't stop crying, start singing, that should help! If they start screaming, just take them for a walk in the stroller, the movement is calming.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:43",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Babysitting Basics\\n1-1. Keep an eye on them all the time; you never know what they might try to attempt.\\nDon't even leave the room for a second. You would be surprised what kind of mess a toddler can make in the time that you take to use the bathroom. If you are going to get something then take the toddler with you. Keep anything dangerous away from his/her reach. Toddlers love to get into mischief (terrible two's) and you never know what they will do if you leave the room.\\n1-2. Give them snacks in between meals.\\nToddlers need to eat more often than adults, because of them growing, so give them a snack if they need it. You might give them a drink of juice, water, or milk. Some kids might eat animal crackers or fruit snacks. Watch them when they eat. Learn how to get things out of little children's mouths if they are choking.\\nDon't let the child graze on snacks the whole time you're watching them. They still need to eat three regular meals a day, with two snacks in between. Talk to the parents if you're not sure what or how much to feed them.\\nDo not feed the child anything they are allergic to. Their parents should tell you beforehand if they are allergic to anything. Make sure that the snacks are not too big that they could choke on, nor too small that they could swallow without chewing it. If the parents don't mention anything about allergies, ask them about it.\\nBecause of their limited experiences, toddlers sometimes mistake boredom or sadness for hunger. To determine whether a toddler is genuinely hungry or mistaken, entertain them. If they forget about food, then they were just bored, but if they keep demanding food, then they're genuinely hungry.\\n1-3. Check their diaper regularly:\\nChange it promptly if it needs it. The smell is usually a strong indicator. If the child is recently toilet trained, ask regularly whether he or she needs to use the bathroom and watch for signs of needing to go. If you wait until the child tells you they have to use the bathroom, it might be too late, and then you have a mess to clean up.\\nSigns that a toddler needs to use the bathroom include holding their privates (if they need to pee) or their butt (if they need to poop). Being squirmy or distracted can also be a sign, though it's not a given, since many toddlers are naturally squirmy with short attention spans.\\n1-4. Bring first-aid supplies.\\nGet your own first aid kit, and cover it with stickers and supply it with fun colorful band-aids. If you can't get those, offer to color on the band-aids when a kid gets hurt. Make sure you have all the important stuff. Call this box the Boo-boo Box. Don't make a big deal about an injury, just say, \\\"Uh-oh! Let's get you a band-aid!\\\" This way, they will laugh and be happy.\\n1-5. Prepare for emergencies.\\nKeep important numbers like the child's doctor, the poison control center, and the parents' cell phones by the home phone. These are vital in an emergency. Only call the parents if necessary or in an emergency, though. You don't want to cause them stress or bother them if they're doing something important.\\n1-6. Consider getting training.\\nTake a babysitting class with the Red Cross, a local community center, or local community college. They will teach you CPR and useful information if something bad happens. They can also teach you a lot about how to deal with kids effectively and play with them well. These classes are usually cheap and will look impressive to any parents looking to hire a babysitter.\\n1-7. Go over the ground rules with the parents.\\nTry to learn as much as you can about the rules the parents have set both for the child and for you. Don't break any rules the parents have, such as bed times and whether or not they can have junk food before bed. Not only is this bad for the kid, but you might even get caught if the child knows how to talk at all. If the child claims \\\"Mommy or Daddy always let me _________\\\" don't believe them. Children like to test limits to see if they can get their way, so they may lie about what their parents allow as a way of testing limits.\\n1-8. Discipline according to the parents' rules.\\nIf the child needs to be disciplined, make sure you've worked out with the parents ahead of time how that discipline should be handled. Different parents have different rules. Even if you think it's okay to spank, for example, the parents might not believe that and you should respect their wishes.\\n1-9. Be polite and respectful of the home.\\nDon't go digging in the fridge. It's their food that they buy. They invited you over to watch their child, not for dinner. You should also be respectful of the rest of their home, and not go digging in drawers, cabinets, or closets. You never know when a family has a nanny-cam too, so be careful!\\n2. Entertaining the Child\\n2-1. Make a list of activities:\\nKeep them occupied. Kids love to play. Make sure you have loads of toys, building blocks, bring crafts it depends on age, rattles, books, and even spoons. Be creative! Sometimes bringing over some of your old toys will keep them happy. The toys may be old to you, but the toddler will be excited to have toys that are new to them.\\nBe prepared to change games multiple times. Kids at that age have a very short attention span.\\n2-2. Go on a walk or get some exercise.\\nTake them for a walk, in a stroller. Point out different things on the sidewalk or the road. Make a game out of crossing the street safely remember to say to the toddler, \\\"Look left and right. No cars, we can cross!\\\" Eventually, you'll have the toddler saying it with you! You can hold hands and go for a walk too if they're able to walk, but this should not be for much more than to the end of the street and back.\\nAnother option is to run around and be crazy with them, but this should be done strategically. You have to spend hours doing this if you're going to do it before putting them down for bed. Doing just a little bit of crazy play before bed makes them more hyper. Doing a lot for an extended period of time will make them hyper very briefly before they just collapse from exhaustion.\\nBring out your artistic side. Color with crayons. Ask the kid to draw a picture of their family, pet, or their favorite toy. They will enjoy telling you about the things that they like. You can also give the child building bricks or blocks. Help them learn to build different kinds of towers and knock them down, or he or she may act upset if it falls down, but just help them, a little, to build it again.\\n2-3. Read them a book.\\nSmall children, even the very active ones, usually love to read books. Sit on the floor or couch with a book, blanket and a stuffed animal, and read with them. Put the toddler on your lap to read the story. They love cuddles! Goodnight Moon, Green Eggs and Ham, and Are You My Mother? are good book choices for most toddlers.\\nShow pictures in a book that has pictures of farm or zoo animals. Say, \\\"Do you see the doggy? I see the doggy! Where's the horse? There's the horse!\\\" Kids love to show what they know, and will soon be pointing them out to you.\\nDescribe an animal and ask what sound it makes. Examples could be cows, horses, and pigs. Start being a little bit silly. Make animal sounds or noises for any books with animals. Get the child to make the sounds too.\\n2-4. Sing a song.\\nSing a classic nursery rhyme, or something that they would know. Maybe they can even suggest one! Kids love songs, especially songs with lots of clapping and moving around. Old MacDonald, Hokey Pokey, Wheels on the Bus, Incy Wincy (or Itsy Bitsy) Spider, and anything from Raffi's extensive collection of children's songs are great for small children.\\n2-5. Play sorting games.\\nIf the child is a slightly older toddler, you can teach them how to sort toys by kind, size, color, or what it does. Sort again by a different rule.\\n2-6. Teach them colors.\\nIf there or solid color shapes or toys, when the child picks up one of them say the color excitedly like it's a game: \\\"Red!\\\",... \\\"Blue!\\\",... \\\"Green!\\\" When they start to get it, say something like, \\\"Can you put all the reds together? What toy is red? Show me.\\\" so that they can practice identifying colors.\\nCall-out the color when you put one in a group and when the child puts one in, or takes one, or works with them or messes up a pile.\\n2-7. Play counting games.\\nCount toys up to 5 or 6 if they seem interested in numbers. Encourage them to count even it it is mixed up. Don't make a fuss about mistakes. Give them lots of examples of each number, by making several piles of two or three toys.\\n2-8. Don't overload them with options.\\nPresent the toys one at a time, when playing with toys. This helps because if there are many toys to choose from at once, they'll only play with the pile for a few moments and get bored and the house will be messy. Ask the toddler to help you clean up, and make a game out of it. Thank them for helping, this will make them feel good and want to help again.\\nIf there is only one toy, they'll stick with it until they get bored, and you can hand them another one, but later offer 2 or 3 related toys because sometimes they tend to play with more than one toy at a time.\\n3. Acting Correctly\\n3-1. Be kind.\\nDon't say harsh things or get angry. Don't be sarcastic, because you will only confuse the child, if they are old enough to understand some words. It is okay to \\\"pretend anger\\\", playfully, as if insulted or pretending amusement, etc. Be a clever actor, but not too silly, be kind of serious, and use the pretending to teach.\\nYou can show hurt feelings from a child's actions or words, however. Realize that though they may say anything, they usually don't mean it (since many toddlers like trying to shock adults), and they usually get over it very quickly. Just pretend shock, giggle and chuckle at their smarting off or their cute actions, they should cooperate (better than if you were to have a war of wills and serious words).\\nHappily explain what you really mean, in a gentle way, but don't be surprised that they make a game of touching things and looking at you to see how you react, just say \\\"no-no\\\". Try to give an alternative activity.\\n3-2. Be careful what you say!\\nNever call the child names. Toddlers are great at picking up words and you never know what they'll repeat to their parents! Also, some families might believe some words are rude when you think they are not. For example, instead of \\\" Stupid\\\", try \\\"Silly\\\" instead.\\n3-3. Be comforting at bedtime.\\nIf the toddler wakes up and starts screaming or crying for their mom or dad, just sit with them and softly say, \\\"shhhh\\\" and tell them, \\\"It's okay; I'm here.\\\" If they mention wanting Mommy or Daddy, tell them that when they wake up, their Mommy will be there. They need to know that everything will go back to normal soon.\\nDon't bring up their parent if they don't though. That will only upset them.\\nYou can also try singing them lullabies and rock them on a rocking chair.\\nTips\\nDon't open the door for anyone while babysitting unless the parent gives consent.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\nBe friendly to the kids and treat them like you would your friends, then they will want you to come back.\\nKeep the kids distracted by something at all times or they will mess the house up\\nWarnings\\nToddlers like to know that someone is in control and taking care of them. If they cry, pick them up and say things like \\\"It's okay\\\" and \\\"You're alright.\\\" They want to know someone is there for them. And remember the toddler stage is the most active stage of a child's life.\\nKeep the toddler away from tables they can hit their heads on and sharp dangerous things.\\nLearn how to get things out of toddler's mouths if they start to choke.\\nIf you just put on the TV the whole time, the toddler will get bored. Try different activities like listening to music, having a snack, playing with a pet, going in the backyard, or playing a game like patty-cake.\\nAvoid giving toddlers rounded foods like grapes or hot dogs. Most toddlers don't chew food very well. Cut them into non-rounded shapes. Also, avoid nuts, very chewy meat (meat should be very soft and tender) and chips/crisps.\\nDon't feed them anything you think they can be allergic to.\\nToddlers also love to color so bring some crayons and some coloring sheets that have a picture of something they enjoy (ex. princesses, cars, trains or fun characters from shows).\\nAsk the parents first before bringing any of your friends over.\\nNever give a toddler a toy, food, or anything smaller than their mouth.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Even then you should know CPR.\\nIf nothing works then call their parents after 2 1/2 hours of their crying.\\nIf they start crying, change the diaper (if they need it), feed, or cuddle them. If they won't stop crying, start singing, that should help! If they start screaming, just take them for a walk in the stroller, the movement is calming.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Babysitting a toddler is different from taking care of children of other ages. They require a lot of work, but also can be quite fun to babysit if they behave. Be ready to have fun and take care of his or her every need. This article will teach you everything you need to know about caring for a toddler.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Babysitting Basics\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Keep an eye on them all the time; you never know what they might try to attempt.\", \"描述\": \"Don't even leave the room for a second. You would be surprised what kind of mess a toddler can make in the time that you take to use the bathroom. If you are going to get something then take the toddler with you. Keep anything dangerous away from his/her reach. Toddlers love to get into mischief (terrible two's) and you never know what they will do if you leave the room.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Give them snacks in between meals.\", \"描述\": \"Toddlers need to eat more often than adults, because of them growing, so give them a snack if they need it. You might give them a drink of juice, water, or milk. Some kids might eat animal crackers or fruit snacks. Watch them when they eat. Learn how to get things out of little children's mouths if they are choking.\\nDon't let the child graze on snacks the whole time you're watching them. They still need to eat three regular meals a day, with two snacks in between. Talk to the parents if you're not sure what or how much to feed them.\\nDo not feed the child anything they are allergic to. Their parents should tell you beforehand if they are allergic to anything. Make sure that the snacks are not too big that they could choke on, nor too small that they could swallow without chewing it. If the parents don't mention anything about allergies, ask them about it.\\nBecause of their limited experiences, toddlers sometimes mistake boredom or sadness for hunger. To determine whether a toddler is genuinely hungry or mistaken, entertain them. If they forget about food, then they were just bored, but if they keep demanding food, then they're genuinely hungry.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check their diaper regularly:\", \"描述\": \"Change it promptly if it needs it. The smell is usually a strong indicator. If the child is recently toilet trained, ask regularly whether he or she needs to use the bathroom and watch for signs of needing to go. If you wait until the child tells you they have to use the bathroom, it might be too late, and then you have a mess to clean up.\\nSigns that a toddler needs to use the bathroom include holding their privates (if they need to pee) or their butt (if they need to poop). Being squirmy or distracted can also be a sign, though it's not a given, since many toddlers are naturally squirmy with short attention spans.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Bring first-aid supplies.\", \"描述\": \"Get your own first aid kit, and cover it with stickers and supply it with fun colorful band-aids. If you can't get those, offer to color on the band-aids when a kid gets hurt. Make sure you have all the important stuff. Call this box the Boo-boo Box. Don't make a big deal about an injury, just say, \\\"Uh-oh! Let's get you a band-aid!\\\" This way, they will laugh and be happy.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prepare for emergencies.\", \"描述\": \"Keep important numbers like the child's doctor, the poison control center, and the parents' cell phones by the home phone. These are vital in an emergency. Only call the parents if necessary or in an emergency, though. You don't want to cause them stress or bother them if they're doing something important.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Consider getting training.\", \"描述\": \"Take a babysitting class with the Red Cross, a local community center, or local community college. They will teach you CPR and useful information if something bad happens. They can also teach you a lot about how to deal with kids effectively and play with them well. These classes are usually cheap and will look impressive to any parents looking to hire a babysitter.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Go over the ground rules with the parents.\", \"描述\": \"Try to learn as much as you can about the rules the parents have set both for the child and for you. Don't break any rules the parents have, such as bed times and whether or not they can have junk food before bed. Not only is this bad for the kid, but you might even get caught if the child knows how to talk at all. If the child claims \\\"Mommy or Daddy always let me _________\\\" don't believe them. Children like to test limits to see if they can get their way, so they may lie about what their parents allow as a way of testing limits.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Discipline according to the parents' rules.\", \"描述\": \"If the child needs to be disciplined, make sure you've worked out with the parents ahead of time how that discipline should be handled. Different parents have different rules. Even if you think it's okay to spank, for example, the parents might not believe that and you should respect their wishes.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Be polite and respectful of the home.\", \"描述\": \"Don't go digging in the fridge. It's their food that they buy. They invited you over to watch their child, not for dinner. You should also be respectful of the rest of their home, and not go digging in drawers, cabinets, or closets. You never know when a family has a nanny-cam too, so be careful!\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Entertaining the Child\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make a list of activities:\", \"描述\": \"Keep them occupied. Kids love to play. Make sure you have loads of toys, building blocks, bring crafts it depends on age, rattles, books, and even spoons. Be creative! Sometimes bringing over some of your old toys will keep them happy. The toys may be old to you, but the toddler will be excited to have toys that are new to them.\\nBe prepared to change games multiple times. Kids at that age have a very short attention span.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Go on a walk or get some exercise.\", \"描述\": \"Take them for a walk, in a stroller. Point out different things on the sidewalk or the road. Make a game out of crossing the street safely remember to say to the toddler, \\\"Look left and right. No cars, we can cross!\\\" Eventually, you'll have the toddler saying it with you! You can hold hands and go for a walk too if they're able to walk, but this should not be for much more than to the end of the street and back.\\nAnother option is to run around and be crazy with them, but this should be done strategically. You have to spend hours doing this if you're going to do it before putting them down for bed. Doing just a little bit of crazy play before bed makes them more hyper. Doing a lot for an extended period of time will make them hyper very briefly before they just collapse from exhaustion.\\nBring out your artistic side. Color with crayons. Ask the kid to draw a picture of their family, pet, or their favorite toy. They will enjoy telling you about the things that they like. You can also give the child building bricks or blocks. Help them learn to build different kinds of towers and knock them down, or he or she may act upset if it falls down, but just help them, a little, to build it again.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Read them a book.\", \"描述\": \"Small children, even the very active ones, usually love to read books. Sit on the floor or couch with a book, blanket and a stuffed animal, and read with them. Put the toddler on your lap to read the story. They love cuddles! Goodnight Moon, Green Eggs and Ham, and Are You My Mother? are good book choices for most toddlers.\\nShow pictures in a book that has pictures of farm or zoo animals. Say, \\\"Do you see the doggy? I see the doggy! Where's the horse? There's the horse!\\\" Kids love to show what they know, and will soon be pointing them out to you.\\nDescribe an animal and ask what sound it makes. Examples could be cows, horses, and pigs. Start being a little bit silly. Make animal sounds or noises for any books with animals. Get the child to make the sounds too.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Sing a song.\", \"描述\": \"Sing a classic nursery rhyme, or something that they would know. Maybe they can even suggest one! Kids love songs, especially songs with lots of clapping and moving around. Old MacDonald, Hokey Pokey, Wheels on the Bus, Incy Wincy (or Itsy Bitsy) Spider, and anything from Raffi's extensive collection of children's songs are great for small children.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Play sorting games.\", \"描述\": \"If the child is a slightly older toddler, you can teach them how to sort toys by kind, size, color, or what it does. Sort again by a different rule.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Teach them colors.\", \"描述\": \"If there or solid color shapes or toys, when the child picks up one of them say the color excitedly like it's a game: \\\"Red!\\\",... \\\"Blue!\\\",... \\\"Green!\\\" When they start to get it, say something like, \\\"Can you put all the reds together? What toy is red? Show me.\\\" so that they can practice identifying colors.\\nCall-out the color when you put one in a group and when the child puts one in, or takes one, or works with them or messes up a pile.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Play counting games.\", \"描述\": \"Count toys up to 5 or 6 if they seem interested in numbers. Encourage them to count even it it is mixed up. Don't make a fuss about mistakes. Give them lots of examples of each number, by making several piles of two or three toys.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Don't overload them with options.\", \"描述\": \"Present the toys one at a time, when playing with toys. This helps because if there are many toys to choose from at once, they'll only play with the pile for a few moments and get bored and the house will be messy. Ask the toddler to help you clean up, and make a game out of it. Thank them for helping, this will make them feel good and want to help again.\\nIf there is only one toy, they'll stick with it until they get bored, and you can hand them another one, but later offer 2 or 3 related toys because sometimes they tend to play with more than one toy at a time.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Acting Correctly\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Be kind.\", \"描述\": \"Don't say harsh things or get angry. Don't be sarcastic, because you will only confuse the child, if they are old enough to understand some words. It is okay to \\\"pretend anger\\\", playfully, as if insulted or pretending amusement, etc. Be a clever actor, but not too silly, be kind of serious, and use the pretending to teach.\\nYou can show hurt feelings from a child's actions or words, however. Realize that though they may say anything, they usually don't mean it (since many toddlers like trying to shock adults), and they usually get over it very quickly. Just pretend shock, giggle and chuckle at their smarting off or their cute actions, they should cooperate (better than if you were to have a war of wills and serious words).\\nHappily explain what you really mean, in a gentle way, but don't be surprised that they make a game of touching things and looking at you to see how you react, just say \\\"no-no\\\". Try to give an alternative activity.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Be careful what you say!\", \"描述\": \"Never call the child names. Toddlers are great at picking up words and you never know what they'll repeat to their parents! Also, some families might believe some words are rude when you think they are not. For example, instead of \\\" Stupid\\\", try \\\"Silly\\\" instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Be comforting at bedtime.\", \"描述\": \"If the toddler wakes up and starts screaming or crying for their mom or dad, just sit with them and softly say, \\\"shhhh\\\" and tell them, \\\"It's okay; I'm here.\\\" If they mention wanting Mommy or Daddy, tell them that when they wake up, their Mommy will be there. They need to know that everything will go back to normal soon.\\nDon't bring up their parent if they don't though. That will only upset them.\\nYou can also try singing them lullabies and rock them on a rocking chair.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Don't open the door for anyone while babysitting unless the parent gives consent.[15]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\", \"Be friendly to the kids and treat them like you would your friends, then they will want you to come back.\\n\", \"Keep the kids distracted by something at all times or they will mess the house up\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Toddlers like to know that someone is in control and taking care of them. If they cry, pick them up and say things like \\\"It's okay\\\" and \\\"You're alright.\\\" They want to know someone is there for them. And remember the toddler stage is the most active stage of a child's life.\\n\", \"Keep the toddler away from tables they can hit their heads on and sharp dangerous things.\\n\", \"Learn how to get things out of toddler's mouths if they start to choke.\\n\", \"If you just put on the TV the whole time, the toddler will get bored. Try different activities like listening to music, having a snack, playing with a pet, going in the backyard, or playing a game like patty-cake.\\n\", \"Avoid giving toddlers rounded foods like grapes or hot dogs. Most toddlers don't chew food very well. Cut them into non-rounded shapes. Also, avoid nuts, very chewy meat (meat should be very soft and tender) and chips/crisps.\\n\", \"Don't feed them anything you think they can be allergic to.\\n\", \"Toddlers also love to color so bring some crayons and some coloring sheets that have a picture of something they enjoy (ex. princesses, cars, trains or fun characters from shows).\\n\", \"Ask the parents first before bringing any of your friends over.\\n\", \"Never give a toddler a toy, food, or anything smaller than their mouth.[16]\\nX\\nResearch source\\n\\n\\n\\n Even then you should know CPR.\\n\", \"If nothing works then call their parents after 2 1/2 hours of their crying.\\n\", \"If they start crying, change the diaper (if they need it), feed, or cuddle them. If they won't stop crying, start singing, that should help! If they start screaming, just take them for a walk in the stroller, the movement is calming.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,302 | How to Babysit an Infant | 1. Babysitting Before Their Bedtime
1-1. Have a fill-in form ready for the parents.
It should include parent emergency contact info, what to feed the baby, the baby's allergies, and other stuff you should know in case of an emergency. You can find one online or make your own if you prefer.
1-2. Check on the baby right away if the baby is crying.
Crying is one of the only ways that babies can communicate their needs. If they do start crying, it's usually because they're tired; hungry; have a wet or dirty diaper; or they're feeling frustrated, scared, or bored. It can be hard to know why a baby is crying at first. With practice, though, you may be able to tell what the baby needs just by the sounds of their cries.
Start by checking the baby's diaper and offering them a bottle. You can also try offering them a pacifier if they use one. However, never try to force a pacifier into a baby's mouth.
If the baby is teething, offer them a teething ring.
Rock or soothe the baby if they're still upset. Sometimes, babies just need to be physically comforted when they're crying.
1-3. Change the baby's diaper if it's dirty or wet.
If the baby starts crying, check his or her diaper. If there is poop, or if the diaper is wet, the diaper needs to be changed. Get a fresh diaper before undoing the old one. To change a diaper, get out baby wipes, a fresh diaper, and something to keep the baby occupied while you change it. Wash your hands to avoid spreading germs, dirt, and bacteria, to the baby's fragile bottom. First, undo the diaper. Second, if the baby is male, place a clean diaper over his private area. If the baby is female, make sure to wipe front to back so you don't spread bacteria. Third, wipe the baby with as many wipes as you need, making sure to get into all the creases. Last, lift the baby's feet, remove the soiled diaper, and slide on a clean one. Latch the diaper, pattern side on the front. Wash your hands again, to wash off any pee or poop and to kill germs and bacteria so that they don't spread to other places in the house. Make sure that the baby's hands and feet are clean and free of any pee or poop after the diaper change.
1-4. Give them a bottle if they're hungry.
If the baby is still crying or doesn't have a dirty diaper, that often means that the baby is hungry. So you will have to find the bottle and heat up the milk that the mother has told you to use. Remember, use one scoop of the formula for every two ounces and shake well. Then heat. Do not heat a bottle up in a microwave--microwaves can cause pockets of scalding hot milk and leave some parts unheated. Place the bottle in a pot on the stove and heat the water. After heating up the bottle, make sure the bottle cap is securely fastened and shake the bottle well. Then squirt some of the milk onto the meat of your wrist and if the milk is too hot, continue to shake the bottle until the milk isn't too hot anymore. Once the milk is ready for the baby to drink, prop the baby up and gently stick the rubber nipple into the baby's mouth. Do not point the nipple straight down because the baby could choke. Take breaks between sips. During breaks, sit the baby up and gently pat his/her back right between their shoulder blades. The baby will usually burp.
1-5. Offer solid food to the baby if the parents ask you to.
Babies shouldn't eat solid food until they're at least 6 months old. If you have been asked to feed the baby solid food, usually you will need to feed him/her cereal or baby food. If the baby food is too watery, mix in a tablespoon of baby rice, if it has been approved by the parent. Next, put a bib on the baby and place them in their high chair. Never leave the baby unattended in the chair. Fill a small spoon halfway with baby food, and gently put the spoon in the mouth. Do not force in the spoon. If it gags on the food or dodges the spoon, it is probably full.
1-6. Play with the baby.
No matter when you babysit there will always be a little time for play unless it is only in the night. This should be gentle and at the baby's pace. Keep small objects away from the baby and be sure to watch what he or she puts into the mouth. The feet are okay!
Hold a baby toy a few inches away from their face. Try moving the toy back and forth. Younger infants will watch the toy with their eyes, older infants will actually reach and grab the toy.
Dance! Cradle the baby in your arms and gently move from side to side and sway to the music. Any music will do as long as it is not loud or inappropriate. Avoid this right after eating; wait about a half an hour after eating before trying this activity.
Action rhymes and games are fun. Try "Hickory Dickory Dock." Move your fingers up the baby's body while you say the rhyme.
Pinwheels are nice. Hold the pinwheel 6 inches away from the baby's face. Blow on it and watch the pretty colors!
If the infant has an activity quilt that they can lay on, an activity gym, a baby bouncer, or a baby swing, lay them or sit them in one of these. Try pointing out the toys and activities, and encouraging interaction. Gently bounce or swing a baby if they are in a swing or bouncer, this calms them and helps them learn the difference between cause and effect, trust, and body awareness.
1-7. Try singing songs or playing soft music.
Music can be really soothing to babies, and it may help settle them if they're upset. Try "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star" or "An Itsy Bitsy Spider." Look into the infant's eyes as you sing.
1-8. Take a walk.
Avoid a walk if it is over 85 degrees out, or if it is below 30 degrees. Also, avoid a walk if it is around the time when mosquitoes are high. Place the infant in a stroller and strap them in for safety. Slowly walk and push the stroller. Point out items in nature such as: "Look! There's a duck!" Let baby feel items outside such as the cold snow or tickle grass on their tummy or feet.
Read books. Books for infants should be cloth or board books to avoid infants from chewing up the pages or tearing them out. Many bright pictures with little text are usually best. When the infant starts to lose interest, stop reading, even if you are in the middle of the book, and move on to something else. Books with different textures in them are also great for babies.
Try mirrors! Use unbreakable mirrors made for children. Hold the mirror in front of the baby and let them see themselves for a while. Then, sit them on your lap and hold the mirror in front of both of you. Make faces such as silly, a frown, a smile, and twitching your nose.
1-9. To bathe the baby, fill the tub up 1/4 way with lukewarm water.
Then, gently lift the infant under its arms and bottom, and place it in the tub. Do not lay the baby down! Next, with a washcloth, pat on infant safe body wash. Still, be sure to get into every roll and crease. Rinse, but do not pour water over his/her face. Next, to wash the baby's head, do the same, but very, gently. Rinse with a washcloth. When you are finished, dry the baby with a soft towel, and apply lotion.
1-10. Put on a new diaper as you did before and then put the baby's pajamas on.
Let the baby drink more milk. Then pat the baby to make it burp.
2. Dealing with a Sleep Struggle If It's Apparent
2-1. Rock the baby gently.
All babies are different, and not all like to go to sleep the same way, but most like to be gently rocked. Try holding the baby in your arms and slowly swinging the baby back and forth, or holding the baby securely while walking around with a bouncy step, or rocking in a rocking chair. If the baby won't go to sleep, gently lift the baby up and lay the baby in its crib.
Never leave a baby in its crib on its back with its bottle in its hands because the baby could choke. After the baby is asleep, sit in the baby's room with it and wait to make sure the baby will stay asleep, and that the baby's sleep environment is safe.
Make sure there is nothing that the baby could play within the crib. It could distract the baby and it won't want to go to sleep. Also, soft toys should never be in a crib, because a baby could suffocate. Keep big, fluffy blankets or pillows out of the crib. Babies don't really need them and they are actually dangerous. Keep bed covers away from baby's face.
Do not lie a baby on its tummy, ever, even if the parent tells you to. Always place it on its back. Placing it on its tummy is very dangerous, and potentially fatal. (If the baby is old enough to flip itself over on its tummy by itself, though, it's okay if he flips himself over).
2-2. Check on the baby.
Keep checking on the baby as it sleeps. This is very important as it is your babysitting duty to make sure that the baby is safe, is not fussing, is not too hot or cold and does not have a dirty diaper. Baby monitoring is fine if the parents are fine with it, if they don't have a baby monitor, or grant you permission to use them, check on them every 15 minutes.
Tips
Gently bounce the baby to relax it if it won't stop crying. Be sure you never shake the baby!
When feeding the child, don't rush, always take your time with an infant. It often takes a while to feed a baby. You are being paid to babysit, which means you are being paid to be patient and to help the baby take its time.
Be sure to clean up after yourself and the baby! Parents hate coming home to a dirty house and really appreciate arriving at a clean one.
Warnings
Remember, do not leave a baby in a room alone. You never know, he or she might just become injured. The baby is a real person whose parents care more about him or her than anything else in the world. It is tragic when a baby gets hurt because the babysitter was careless.
Remember to never shake a baby under any circumstances. This can cause death or serious, debilitating brain injuries from which the baby will never recover. Shaking is a violent act that can happen when someone gets very frustrated, like when a baby will not stop crying.
Be very gentle and careful with the baby. When you are picking it up, hold it gently under the arms and hold one arm under its bottom and one arm gently behind its back — also, don't forget to support his head and neck area![19]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
Don't hold the baby under the arms for too long because this may hurt them. When burping the baby, be very gentle. If you pat its back too hard it will hurt or cause serious injury! A baby is very fragile, especially their new growing spine.
When you put the baby in the crib to sleep, put him or her on his or her back, not stomach.[20]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
This is especially important if the baby is congested. If the baby is congested and tends to roll over onto his or her stomach, put the baby into an infant seat or carriage that does not allow a baby to roll over.
If you ever find yourself getting very angry or frustrated at an infant, please set the baby down in a safe place, step back for a few minutes, and perhaps call for help - someone you can trust to calm you down, or the baby's parents.[21]
X
Expert Source
Jessie DavidsonChild Care Specialist
Expert Interview. 11 June 2021.
If you're babysitting at the parents' house, make sure to check if everything is anchored to the walls, since the infant can lean and grab things, which can be dangerous.[22]
X
Expert Source
Denise SternParenting Specialist
Expert Interview. 19 February 2021.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:43",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Babysitting Before Their Bedtime\\n1-1. Have a fill-in form ready for the parents.\\nIt should include parent emergency contact info, what to feed the baby, the baby's allergies, and other stuff you should know in case of an emergency. You can find one online or make your own if you prefer.\\n1-2. Check on the baby right away if the baby is crying.\\nCrying is one of the only ways that babies can communicate their needs. If they do start crying, it's usually because they're tired; hungry; have a wet or dirty diaper; or they're feeling frustrated, scared, or bored. It can be hard to know why a baby is crying at first. With practice, though, you may be able to tell what the baby needs just by the sounds of their cries.\\nStart by checking the baby's diaper and offering them a bottle. You can also try offering them a pacifier if they use one. However, never try to force a pacifier into a baby's mouth.\\nIf the baby is teething, offer them a teething ring.\\nRock or soothe the baby if they're still upset. Sometimes, babies just need to be physically comforted when they're crying.\\n1-3. Change the baby's diaper if it's dirty or wet.\\nIf the baby starts crying, check his or her diaper. If there is poop, or if the diaper is wet, the diaper needs to be changed. Get a fresh diaper before undoing the old one. To change a diaper, get out baby wipes, a fresh diaper, and something to keep the baby occupied while you change it. Wash your hands to avoid spreading germs, dirt, and bacteria, to the baby's fragile bottom. First, undo the diaper. Second, if the baby is male, place a clean diaper over his private area. If the baby is female, make sure to wipe front to back so you don't spread bacteria. Third, wipe the baby with as many wipes as you need, making sure to get into all the creases. Last, lift the baby's feet, remove the soiled diaper, and slide on a clean one. Latch the diaper, pattern side on the front. Wash your hands again, to wash off any pee or poop and to kill germs and bacteria so that they don't spread to other places in the house. Make sure that the baby's hands and feet are clean and free of any pee or poop after the diaper change.\\n1-4. Give them a bottle if they're hungry.\\nIf the baby is still crying or doesn't have a dirty diaper, that often means that the baby is hungry. So you will have to find the bottle and heat up the milk that the mother has told you to use. Remember, use one scoop of the formula for every two ounces and shake well. Then heat. Do not heat a bottle up in a microwave--microwaves can cause pockets of scalding hot milk and leave some parts unheated. Place the bottle in a pot on the stove and heat the water. After heating up the bottle, make sure the bottle cap is securely fastened and shake the bottle well. Then squirt some of the milk onto the meat of your wrist and if the milk is too hot, continue to shake the bottle until the milk isn't too hot anymore. Once the milk is ready for the baby to drink, prop the baby up and gently stick the rubber nipple into the baby's mouth. Do not point the nipple straight down because the baby could choke. Take breaks between sips. During breaks, sit the baby up and gently pat his/her back right between their shoulder blades. The baby will usually burp.\\n1-5. Offer solid food to the baby if the parents ask you to.\\nBabies shouldn't eat solid food until they're at least 6 months old. If you have been asked to feed the baby solid food, usually you will need to feed him/her cereal or baby food. If the baby food is too watery, mix in a tablespoon of baby rice, if it has been approved by the parent. Next, put a bib on the baby and place them in their high chair. Never leave the baby unattended in the chair. Fill a small spoon halfway with baby food, and gently put the spoon in the mouth. Do not force in the spoon. If it gags on the food or dodges the spoon, it is probably full.\\n1-6. Play with the baby.\\nNo matter when you babysit there will always be a little time for play unless it is only in the night. This should be gentle and at the baby's pace. Keep small objects away from the baby and be sure to watch what he or she puts into the mouth. The feet are okay!\\nHold a baby toy a few inches away from their face. Try moving the toy back and forth. Younger infants will watch the toy with their eyes, older infants will actually reach and grab the toy.\\nDance! Cradle the baby in your arms and gently move from side to side and sway to the music. Any music will do as long as it is not loud or inappropriate. Avoid this right after eating; wait about a half an hour after eating before trying this activity.\\nAction rhymes and games are fun. Try \\\"Hickory Dickory Dock.\\\" Move your fingers up the baby's body while you say the rhyme.\\nPinwheels are nice. Hold the pinwheel 6 inches away from the baby's face. Blow on it and watch the pretty colors!\\nIf the infant has an activity quilt that they can lay on, an activity gym, a baby bouncer, or a baby swing, lay them or sit them in one of these. Try pointing out the toys and activities, and encouraging interaction. Gently bounce or swing a baby if they are in a swing or bouncer, this calms them and helps them learn the difference between cause and effect, trust, and body awareness.\\n1-7. Try singing songs or playing soft music.\\nMusic can be really soothing to babies, and it may help settle them if they're upset. Try \\\"Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star\\\" or \\\"An Itsy Bitsy Spider.\\\" Look into the infant's eyes as you sing.\\n1-8. Take a walk.\\nAvoid a walk if it is over 85 degrees out, or if it is below 30 degrees. Also, avoid a walk if it is around the time when mosquitoes are high. Place the infant in a stroller and strap them in for safety. Slowly walk and push the stroller. Point out items in nature such as: \\\"Look! There's a duck!\\\" Let baby feel items outside such as the cold snow or tickle grass on their tummy or feet.\\nRead books. Books for infants should be cloth or board books to avoid infants from chewing up the pages or tearing them out. Many bright pictures with little text are usually best. When the infant starts to lose interest, stop reading, even if you are in the middle of the book, and move on to something else. Books with different textures in them are also great for babies.\\nTry mirrors! Use unbreakable mirrors made for children. Hold the mirror in front of the baby and let them see themselves for a while. Then, sit them on your lap and hold the mirror in front of both of you. Make faces such as silly, a frown, a smile, and twitching your nose.\\n1-9. To bathe the baby, fill the tub up 1/4 way with lukewarm water.\\nThen, gently lift the infant under its arms and bottom, and place it in the tub. Do not lay the baby down! Next, with a washcloth, pat on infant safe body wash. Still, be sure to get into every roll and crease. Rinse, but do not pour water over his/her face. Next, to wash the baby's head, do the same, but very, gently. Rinse with a washcloth. When you are finished, dry the baby with a soft towel, and apply lotion.\\n1-10. Put on a new diaper as you did before and then put the baby's pajamas on.\\nLet the baby drink more milk. Then pat the baby to make it burp.\\n2. Dealing with a Sleep Struggle If It's Apparent\\n2-1. Rock the baby gently.\\nAll babies are different, and not all like to go to sleep the same way, but most like to be gently rocked. Try holding the baby in your arms and slowly swinging the baby back and forth, or holding the baby securely while walking around with a bouncy step, or rocking in a rocking chair. If the baby won't go to sleep, gently lift the baby up and lay the baby in its crib.\\nNever leave a baby in its crib on its back with its bottle in its hands because the baby could choke. After the baby is asleep, sit in the baby's room with it and wait to make sure the baby will stay asleep, and that the baby's sleep environment is safe.\\nMake sure there is nothing that the baby could play within the crib. It could distract the baby and it won't want to go to sleep. Also, soft toys should never be in a crib, because a baby could suffocate. Keep big, fluffy blankets or pillows out of the crib. Babies don't really need them and they are actually dangerous. Keep bed covers away from baby's face.\\nDo not lie a baby on its tummy, ever, even if the parent tells you to. Always place it on its back. Placing it on its tummy is very dangerous, and potentially fatal. (If the baby is old enough to flip itself over on its tummy by itself, though, it's okay if he flips himself over).\\n2-2. Check on the baby.\\nKeep checking on the baby as it sleeps. This is very important as it is your babysitting duty to make sure that the baby is safe, is not fussing, is not too hot or cold and does not have a dirty diaper. Baby monitoring is fine if the parents are fine with it, if they don't have a baby monitor, or grant you permission to use them, check on them every 15 minutes.\\nTips\\nGently bounce the baby to relax it if it won't stop crying. Be sure you never shake the baby!\\nWhen feeding the child, don't rush, always take your time with an infant. It often takes a while to feed a baby. You are being paid to babysit, which means you are being paid to be patient and to help the baby take its time.\\nBe sure to clean up after yourself and the baby! Parents hate coming home to a dirty house and really appreciate arriving at a clean one.\\nWarnings\\nRemember, do not leave a baby in a room alone. You never know, he or she might just become injured. The baby is a real person whose parents care more about him or her than anything else in the world. It is tragic when a baby gets hurt because the babysitter was careless.\\nRemember to never shake a baby under any circumstances. This can cause death or serious, debilitating brain injuries from which the baby will never recover. Shaking is a violent act that can happen when someone gets very frustrated, like when a baby will not stop crying.\\nBe very gentle and careful with the baby. When you are picking it up, hold it gently under the arms and hold one arm under its bottom and one arm gently behind its back — also, don't forget to support his head and neck area![19]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\\n Don't hold the baby under the arms for too long because this may hurt them. When burping the baby, be very gentle. If you pat its back too hard it will hurt or cause serious injury! A baby is very fragile, especially their new growing spine.\\nWhen you put the baby in the crib to sleep, put him or her on his or her back, not stomach.[20]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\\n This is especially important if the baby is congested. If the baby is congested and tends to roll over onto his or her stomach, put the baby into an infant seat or carriage that does not allow a baby to roll over.\\nIf you ever find yourself getting very angry or frustrated at an infant, please set the baby down in a safe place, step back for a few minutes, and perhaps call for help - someone you can trust to calm you down, or the baby's parents.[21]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nJessie DavidsonChild Care Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 11 June 2021.\\nIf you're babysitting at the parents' house, make sure to check if everything is anchored to the walls, since the infant can lean and grab things, which can be dangerous.[22]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you're babysitting a child in his or her first year of life and who hasn't learned to walk yet, it's not the same as taking care of a toddler or an older child. Infants are very fragile and require special attention and care. This article will teach you all you need to know about watching infants.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Babysitting Before Their Bedtime\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Have a fill-in form ready for the parents.\", \"描述\": \"It should include parent emergency contact info, what to feed the baby, the baby's allergies, and other stuff you should know in case of an emergency. You can find one online or make your own if you prefer.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check on the baby right away if the baby is crying.\", \"描述\": \"Crying is one of the only ways that babies can communicate their needs. If they do start crying, it's usually because they're tired; hungry; have a wet or dirty diaper; or they're feeling frustrated, scared, or bored. It can be hard to know why a baby is crying at first. With practice, though, you may be able to tell what the baby needs just by the sounds of their cries.\\nStart by checking the baby's diaper and offering them a bottle. You can also try offering them a pacifier if they use one. However, never try to force a pacifier into a baby's mouth.\\nIf the baby is teething, offer them a teething ring.\\nRock or soothe the baby if they're still upset. Sometimes, babies just need to be physically comforted when they're crying.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Change the baby's diaper if it's dirty or wet.\", \"描述\": \"If the baby starts crying, check his or her diaper. If there is poop, or if the diaper is wet, the diaper needs to be changed. Get a fresh diaper before undoing the old one. To change a diaper, get out baby wipes, a fresh diaper, and something to keep the baby occupied while you change it. Wash your hands to avoid spreading germs, dirt, and bacteria, to the baby's fragile bottom. First, undo the diaper. Second, if the baby is male, place a clean diaper over his private area. If the baby is female, make sure to wipe front to back so you don't spread bacteria. Third, wipe the baby with as many wipes as you need, making sure to get into all the creases. Last, lift the baby's feet, remove the soiled diaper, and slide on a clean one. Latch the diaper, pattern side on the front. Wash your hands again, to wash off any pee or poop and to kill germs and bacteria so that they don't spread to other places in the house. Make sure that the baby's hands and feet are clean and free of any pee or poop after the diaper change.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Give them a bottle if they're hungry.\", \"描述\": \"If the baby is still crying or doesn't have a dirty diaper, that often means that the baby is hungry. So you will have to find the bottle and heat up the milk that the mother has told you to use. Remember, use one scoop of the formula for every two ounces and shake well. Then heat. Do not heat a bottle up in a microwave--microwaves can cause pockets of scalding hot milk and leave some parts unheated. Place the bottle in a pot on the stove and heat the water. After heating up the bottle, make sure the bottle cap is securely fastened and shake the bottle well. Then squirt some of the milk onto the meat of your wrist and if the milk is too hot, continue to shake the bottle until the milk isn't too hot anymore. Once the milk is ready for the baby to drink, prop the baby up and gently stick the rubber nipple into the baby's mouth. Do not point the nipple straight down because the baby could choke. Take breaks between sips. During breaks, sit the baby up and gently pat his/her back right between their shoulder blades. The baby will usually burp.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Offer solid food to the baby if the parents ask you to.\", \"描述\": \"Babies shouldn't eat solid food until they're at least 6 months old. If you have been asked to feed the baby solid food, usually you will need to feed him/her cereal or baby food. If the baby food is too watery, mix in a tablespoon of baby rice, if it has been approved by the parent. Next, put a bib on the baby and place them in their high chair. Never leave the baby unattended in the chair. Fill a small spoon halfway with baby food, and gently put the spoon in the mouth. Do not force in the spoon. If it gags on the food or dodges the spoon, it is probably full.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Play with the baby.\", \"描述\": \"No matter when you babysit there will always be a little time for play unless it is only in the night. This should be gentle and at the baby's pace. Keep small objects away from the baby and be sure to watch what he or she puts into the mouth. The feet are okay!\\nHold a baby toy a few inches away from their face. Try moving the toy back and forth. Younger infants will watch the toy with their eyes, older infants will actually reach and grab the toy.\\nDance! Cradle the baby in your arms and gently move from side to side and sway to the music. Any music will do as long as it is not loud or inappropriate. Avoid this right after eating; wait about a half an hour after eating before trying this activity.\\nAction rhymes and games are fun. Try \\\"Hickory Dickory Dock.\\\" Move your fingers up the baby's body while you say the rhyme.\\nPinwheels are nice. Hold the pinwheel 6 inches away from the baby's face. Blow on it and watch the pretty colors!\\nIf the infant has an activity quilt that they can lay on, an activity gym, a baby bouncer, or a baby swing, lay them or sit them in one of these. Try pointing out the toys and activities, and encouraging interaction. Gently bounce or swing a baby if they are in a swing or bouncer, this calms them and helps them learn the difference between cause and effect, trust, and body awareness.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Try singing songs or playing soft music.\", \"描述\": \"Music can be really soothing to babies, and it may help settle them if they're upset. Try \\\"Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star\\\" or \\\"An Itsy Bitsy Spider.\\\" Look into the infant's eyes as you sing.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Take a walk.\", \"描述\": \"Avoid a walk if it is over 85 degrees out, or if it is below 30 degrees. Also, avoid a walk if it is around the time when mosquitoes are high. Place the infant in a stroller and strap them in for safety. Slowly walk and push the stroller. Point out items in nature such as: \\\"Look! There's a duck!\\\" Let baby feel items outside such as the cold snow or tickle grass on their tummy or feet.\\nRead books. Books for infants should be cloth or board books to avoid infants from chewing up the pages or tearing them out. Many bright pictures with little text are usually best. When the infant starts to lose interest, stop reading, even if you are in the middle of the book, and move on to something else. Books with different textures in them are also great for babies.\\nTry mirrors! Use unbreakable mirrors made for children. Hold the mirror in front of the baby and let them see themselves for a while. Then, sit them on your lap and hold the mirror in front of both of you. Make faces such as silly, a frown, a smile, and twitching your nose.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"To bathe the baby, fill the tub up 1/4 way with lukewarm water.\", \"描述\": \"Then, gently lift the infant under its arms and bottom, and place it in the tub. Do not lay the baby down! Next, with a washcloth, pat on infant safe body wash. Still, be sure to get into every roll and crease. Rinse, but do not pour water over his/her face. Next, to wash the baby's head, do the same, but very, gently. Rinse with a washcloth. When you are finished, dry the baby with a soft towel, and apply lotion.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Put on a new diaper as you did before and then put the baby's pajamas on.\", \"描述\": \"Let the baby drink more milk. Then pat the baby to make it burp.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Dealing with a Sleep Struggle If It's Apparent\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Rock the baby gently.\", \"描述\": \"All babies are different, and not all like to go to sleep the same way, but most like to be gently rocked. Try holding the baby in your arms and slowly swinging the baby back and forth, or holding the baby securely while walking around with a bouncy step, or rocking in a rocking chair. If the baby won't go to sleep, gently lift the baby up and lay the baby in its crib.\\nNever leave a baby in its crib on its back with its bottle in its hands because the baby could choke. After the baby is asleep, sit in the baby's room with it and wait to make sure the baby will stay asleep, and that the baby's sleep environment is safe.\\nMake sure there is nothing that the baby could play within the crib. It could distract the baby and it won't want to go to sleep. Also, soft toys should never be in a crib, because a baby could suffocate. Keep big, fluffy blankets or pillows out of the crib. Babies don't really need them and they are actually dangerous. Keep bed covers away from baby's face.\\nDo not lie a baby on its tummy, ever, even if the parent tells you to. Always place it on its back. Placing it on its tummy is very dangerous, and potentially fatal. (If the baby is old enough to flip itself over on its tummy by itself, though, it's okay if he flips himself over).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Check on the baby.\", \"描述\": \"Keep checking on the baby as it sleeps. This is very important as it is your babysitting duty to make sure that the baby is safe, is not fussing, is not too hot or cold and does not have a dirty diaper. Baby monitoring is fine if the parents are fine with it, if they don't have a baby monitor, or grant you permission to use them, check on them every 15 minutes.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Gently bounce the baby to relax it if it won't stop crying. Be sure you never shake the baby!\\n\", \"When feeding the child, don't rush, always take your time with an infant. It often takes a while to feed a baby. You are being paid to babysit, which means you are being paid to be patient and to help the baby take its time.\\n\", \"Be sure to clean up after yourself and the baby! Parents hate coming home to a dirty house and really appreciate arriving at a clean one.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Remember, do not leave a baby in a room alone. You never know, he or she might just become injured. The baby is a real person whose parents care more about him or her than anything else in the world. It is tragic when a baby gets hurt because the babysitter was careless.\\n\", \"Remember to never shake a baby under any circumstances. This can cause death or serious, debilitating brain injuries from which the baby will never recover. Shaking is a violent act that can happen when someone gets very frustrated, like when a baby will not stop crying.\\n\", \"Be very gentle and careful with the baby. When you are picking it up, hold it gently under the arms and hold one arm under its bottom and one arm gently behind its back — also, don't forget to support his head and neck area![19]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\\n Don't hold the baby under the arms for too long because this may hurt them. When burping the baby, be very gentle. If you pat its back too hard it will hurt or cause serious injury! A baby is very fragile, especially their new growing spine.\\n\", \"When you put the baby in the crib to sleep, put him or her on his or her back, not stomach.[20]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\\n This is especially important if the baby is congested. If the baby is congested and tends to roll over onto his or her stomach, put the baby into an infant seat or carriage that does not allow a baby to roll over.\\n\", \"If you ever find yourself getting very angry or frustrated at an infant, please set the baby down in a safe place, step back for a few minutes, and perhaps call for help - someone you can trust to calm you down, or the baby's parents.[21]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nJessie DavidsonChild Care Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 11 June 2021.\\n\", \"If you're babysitting at the parents' house, make sure to check if everything is anchored to the walls, since the infant can lean and grab things, which can be dangerous.[22]\\nX\\nExpert Source\\n\\nDenise SternParenting Specialist\\nExpert Interview. 19 February 2021.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,303 | How to Baby‐Proof a Fireplace | 1. Baby-Proofing Your Fireplace
1-1. Look at the fireplace from a baby's point of view.
When you get on your hands and knees, you have a better perspective to see what they see. Take notes of anything you think might be dangerous like sharp edges, hot spots, and interesting looking items that might attract a child's attention.
Remove any flammable items from the immediate area near the fireplace.
You will need to baby-proof based on your child’s developmental stage. If they can crawl, they will not be able to reach as high as if they know how to walk.
The best time to baby-proof is before your child can harm themselves, so consider baby-proofing the fireplace before your baby can crawl or walk.
1-2. Buy a fireplace gate.
A fireplace gate is a great way to create distance between your child and the fireplace. You can purchase fencing to go around the fireplace that will keep your child from coming within feet of the fireplace.
Never leave your child unattended near a fire, whether there is a gate present or not.
A fireplace gate can be used with fireplaces that are freestanding if you purchase a gate that fully encompasses the entire fireplace.
For a fireplace that is built into a wall, you should purchase a fireplace gate that you can anchor to the walls next to the fireplace.
Routinely inspect the gate to ensure it is in working order.
1-3. Avoid freestanding screens.
Babies and toddlers can easily pull down a freestanding gate and they can fall into the fireplace if they lean on the gate.
Buy a gate that is specifically designed for a fireplace instead; it will be made of heat resistant material that will not get hot to the touch. Make sure it anchors to the wall to prevent it from falling down if your toddler accidentally topples into it.
1-4. Install a fireplace door.
Fireplaces without doors can be more dangerous for families with small children because there is not a barrier between your child and a burning fire. Consider installing a fireplace door to your open fireplace to eliminate this hazard.
Glass doors get very hot very quickly when the fireplace is in use. Make sure there is a barrier, like a fireplace gate, around the entire fireplace so a child cannot touch the hot glass.
1-5. Lock fireplace doors when not in use.
Babies and small children will be curious to see what’s inside the fireplace so always lock the door when not in use. Consider buying a childproof door lock, like those you may use in a kitchen or with cabinets.
If the fireplace is decorative and you do not use the fireplace for heating, a plastic zip tie can effectively keep the doors shut so your toddler doesn't pinch their fingers.
1-6. Check any installed locks.
Some fireplace doors have built-in locks to secure them. If you have this type of door, check the locks to ensure that they're functional and that your child cannot open them.
1-7. Move fireplace tools out of reach.
The tools should be in a location where adults can access them if needed, but a child cannot.
Ensure that any matches and lighters are out of your child’s reach.
Keep any fire accelerants, like lighter fluid, in locked cabinets away from a child's reach.
Keep decorative iron fireplace tools out of reach such as in a locked cabinet or within the fireplace fence.
Keep necessary fireplace tools, like a fire stoker, ash can, coal rake, and others out of your child’s reach.
2. Baby Proofing a Hearth
2-1. Buy a larger fireplace gate.
If you have a hearth that extends past the fireplace exterior, you will need to purchase a larger fireplace gate than if you did not have a hearth.
Fireplace gates ensure that your child is unable to reach the hearth where they can be seriously injured if they fall, especially on the sharp corners of a raised step hearth or fall on the hard material of a flat hearth. .
2-2. Buy a hearth pad.
If you have a hearth with a raised edge you will need to baby-proof the hard corners and edges of the ledge.
A hearth pad is made of flame retardant material that runs along the corners and edges of the entire hearth. Hearth pads are usually attached to the hearth with glue or double sided tape, often referred to as hearth clamps.
2-3. Install interlocking floors.
If you have a flat hearth, you can use interlocking floors, like those many parents use for play areas, to soften the hard stone and brick.
You should avoid using interlocking floors on the hearth when the fireplace is in use unless the floor material is flame retardant and does not retain heat.
The foam of the interlocking floors can help soften a child's fall on to the hard stone or brick of a flat hearth.
2-4. Add hearth cushions.
If you do not use your fireplace you can add cushions or padding directly on top of the stepped or flat hearth to soften the area.
Never use hearth cushions if the fireplace is in use, as this is a serious fire hazard.
Hearth cushions can be a decorate way to hide the stone or brick of the hearth and to make it more comfortable for a child to sit on.
Do not encourage your child to sit on the hearth, as this encourages them to treat the hearth and fireplace as a play area when it really is a dangerous place to play.
3. Following Basic Fireplace Safety
3-1. Learn how to treat burns.
Baby proofing is not failsafe, you should always be prepared with basic first aid knowledge. If a burn is small and not severe, put cool water over the burned area and bandage the wound to protect it from infection.
Baby-proofing will help to avoid accidents, but you should be prepared to treat injuries regardless of the safety measures in place.
Keep a well-stocked first-aid kit handy in case of any accidents.
Have your emergency medical information handy if your child ever does receive a more serious burn. Ask your pediatrician for first aid information and know where your closest hospital is.
3-2. Install an additional smoke detector.
Every home should have at least one smoke detector that works properly.
Install an additional smoke detector in the room where your fireplace is located. Early warnings from fire can be the difference between life and death.
Check your fire detectors monthly and replace batteries each year. The National Fire Protection Association recommends that you replace all detectors every ten years.
3-3. Install a carbon monoxide detector near the fireplace.
Carbon monoxide poisoning kills thousands of people across the world each year but can be easily prevented. All homes should have working carbon monoxide detectors but consider placing an additional detector in the room where the fireplace is located.
Test your carbon monoxide detector monthly to ensure it is functioning properly.
Keep a window open, if possible, when a fire is burning to lessen any carbon dioxide the fire produces in the room.
3-4. Inspect your fireplace regularly.
While you baby-proof your fireplace, there are important fireplace safety measures that you must take to protect your entire family:
Check your fireplace chimney and outtake vents to ensure that no debris, like leaves, can block air flow. Keeping vents clean can help to reduce the risk carbon monoxide created by the fire in your home.
Inspect your fireplace flue with a flashlight to make sure it properly opens, closes, and seals.
If you have a gas-burning fireplace, make sure there are no cracks or damage to the glass doors. Test the gas shut-off valve and igniter regularly to make sure no natural gas is leaking into your home.
Inspect the gate on a regular basis to make sure it’s anchored safely and working properly.
3-5. Schedule a professional inspection.
Inspecting your fireplace on your own is important, but it is also important to have a licensed professional inspect your fireplace to ensure safety.
Call a licensed chimney professional or mason if you notice any structural damage to your fireplace.
The Chimney Safety Institute recommends that families who use their fireplace should have their fireplace and chimney inspected each year, if not more frequently.
Tips
To test your baby-proofing, approach the fireplace from your child’s perspective. While you kneel or crawl around the fireplace, you may see potential hazards you may have otherwise missed.
If your fireplace is decorative and you never burn fires in it, you still need to protect your child from the sharp edges, hard surfaces, and raised areas of the fireplace.
If you have older children, allow them to watch you inspect the fireplace so they become educated about fireplace safety.
Warnings
Baby-proofing does not replace careful parental supervision. You still need to carefully watch your child, especially if the fireplace is in use.
Baby-proof before you need to. Babies grow quickly and move from different developmental stages quickly.
Never leave flammable material near a fireplace when it is in use; this poses a serious fire hazard.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:44",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Baby-Proofing Your Fireplace\\n1-1. Look at the fireplace from a baby's point of view.\\nWhen you get on your hands and knees, you have a better perspective to see what they see. Take notes of anything you think might be dangerous like sharp edges, hot spots, and interesting looking items that might attract a child's attention.\\nRemove any flammable items from the immediate area near the fireplace.\\nYou will need to baby-proof based on your child’s developmental stage. If they can crawl, they will not be able to reach as high as if they know how to walk.\\nThe best time to baby-proof is before your child can harm themselves, so consider baby-proofing the fireplace before your baby can crawl or walk.\\n1-2. Buy a fireplace gate.\\nA fireplace gate is a great way to create distance between your child and the fireplace. You can purchase fencing to go around the fireplace that will keep your child from coming within feet of the fireplace.\\nNever leave your child unattended near a fire, whether there is a gate present or not.\\nA fireplace gate can be used with fireplaces that are freestanding if you purchase a gate that fully encompasses the entire fireplace.\\nFor a fireplace that is built into a wall, you should purchase a fireplace gate that you can anchor to the walls next to the fireplace.\\nRoutinely inspect the gate to ensure it is in working order.\\n1-3. Avoid freestanding screens.\\nBabies and toddlers can easily pull down a freestanding gate and they can fall into the fireplace if they lean on the gate.\\nBuy a gate that is specifically designed for a fireplace instead; it will be made of heat resistant material that will not get hot to the touch. Make sure it anchors to the wall to prevent it from falling down if your toddler accidentally topples into it.\\n1-4. Install a fireplace door.\\nFireplaces without doors can be more dangerous for families with small children because there is not a barrier between your child and a burning fire. Consider installing a fireplace door to your open fireplace to eliminate this hazard.\\nGlass doors get very hot very quickly when the fireplace is in use. Make sure there is a barrier, like a fireplace gate, around the entire fireplace so a child cannot touch the hot glass.\\n1-5. Lock fireplace doors when not in use.\\nBabies and small children will be curious to see what’s inside the fireplace so always lock the door when not in use. Consider buying a childproof door lock, like those you may use in a kitchen or with cabinets.\\nIf the fireplace is decorative and you do not use the fireplace for heating, a plastic zip tie can effectively keep the doors shut so your toddler doesn't pinch their fingers.\\n1-6. Check any installed locks.\\nSome fireplace doors have built-in locks to secure them. If you have this type of door, check the locks to ensure that they're functional and that your child cannot open them.\\n1-7. Move fireplace tools out of reach.\\nThe tools should be in a location where adults can access them if needed, but a child cannot.\\nEnsure that any matches and lighters are out of your child’s reach.\\nKeep any fire accelerants, like lighter fluid, in locked cabinets away from a child's reach.\\nKeep decorative iron fireplace tools out of reach such as in a locked cabinet or within the fireplace fence.\\nKeep necessary fireplace tools, like a fire stoker, ash can, coal rake, and others out of your child’s reach.\\n2. Baby Proofing a Hearth\\n2-1. Buy a larger fireplace gate.\\nIf you have a hearth that extends past the fireplace exterior, you will need to purchase a larger fireplace gate than if you did not have a hearth.\\nFireplace gates ensure that your child is unable to reach the hearth where they can be seriously injured if they fall, especially on the sharp corners of a raised step hearth or fall on the hard material of a flat hearth. .\\n2-2. Buy a hearth pad.\\nIf you have a hearth with a raised edge you will need to baby-proof the hard corners and edges of the ledge.\\nA hearth pad is made of flame retardant material that runs along the corners and edges of the entire hearth. Hearth pads are usually attached to the hearth with glue or double sided tape, often referred to as hearth clamps.\\n2-3. Install interlocking floors.\\nIf you have a flat hearth, you can use interlocking floors, like those many parents use for play areas, to soften the hard stone and brick.\\nYou should avoid using interlocking floors on the hearth when the fireplace is in use unless the floor material is flame retardant and does not retain heat.\\nThe foam of the interlocking floors can help soften a child's fall on to the hard stone or brick of a flat hearth.\\n2-4. Add hearth cushions.\\nIf you do not use your fireplace you can add cushions or padding directly on top of the stepped or flat hearth to soften the area.\\nNever use hearth cushions if the fireplace is in use, as this is a serious fire hazard.\\nHearth cushions can be a decorate way to hide the stone or brick of the hearth and to make it more comfortable for a child to sit on.\\nDo not encourage your child to sit on the hearth, as this encourages them to treat the hearth and fireplace as a play area when it really is a dangerous place to play.\\n3. Following Basic Fireplace Safety\\n3-1. Learn how to treat burns.\\nBaby proofing is not failsafe, you should always be prepared with basic first aid knowledge. If a burn is small and not severe, put cool water over the burned area and bandage the wound to protect it from infection.\\nBaby-proofing will help to avoid accidents, but you should be prepared to treat injuries regardless of the safety measures in place.\\nKeep a well-stocked first-aid kit handy in case of any accidents.\\nHave your emergency medical information handy if your child ever does receive a more serious burn. Ask your pediatrician for first aid information and know where your closest hospital is.\\n3-2. Install an additional smoke detector.\\nEvery home should have at least one smoke detector that works properly.\\nInstall an additional smoke detector in the room where your fireplace is located. Early warnings from fire can be the difference between life and death.\\nCheck your fire detectors monthly and replace batteries each year. The National Fire Protection Association recommends that you replace all detectors every ten years.\\n3-3. Install a carbon monoxide detector near the fireplace.\\nCarbon monoxide poisoning kills thousands of people across the world each year but can be easily prevented. All homes should have working carbon monoxide detectors but consider placing an additional detector in the room where the fireplace is located.\\nTest your carbon monoxide detector monthly to ensure it is functioning properly.\\nKeep a window open, if possible, when a fire is burning to lessen any carbon dioxide the fire produces in the room.\\n3-4. Inspect your fireplace regularly.\\nWhile you baby-proof your fireplace, there are important fireplace safety measures that you must take to protect your entire family:\\nCheck your fireplace chimney and outtake vents to ensure that no debris, like leaves, can block air flow. Keeping vents clean can help to reduce the risk carbon monoxide created by the fire in your home.\\nInspect your fireplace flue with a flashlight to make sure it properly opens, closes, and seals.\\nIf you have a gas-burning fireplace, make sure there are no cracks or damage to the glass doors. Test the gas shut-off valve and igniter regularly to make sure no natural gas is leaking into your home.\\nInspect the gate on a regular basis to make sure it’s anchored safely and working properly.\\n3-5. Schedule a professional inspection.\\nInspecting your fireplace on your own is important, but it is also important to have a licensed professional inspect your fireplace to ensure safety.\\nCall a licensed chimney professional or mason if you notice any structural damage to your fireplace.\\nThe Chimney Safety Institute recommends that families who use their fireplace should have their fireplace and chimney inspected each year, if not more frequently.\\nTips\\nTo test your baby-proofing, approach the fireplace from your child’s perspective. While you kneel or crawl around the fireplace, you may see potential hazards you may have otherwise missed.\\nIf your fireplace is decorative and you never burn fires in it, you still need to protect your child from the sharp edges, hard surfaces, and raised areas of the fireplace.\\nIf you have older children, allow them to watch you inspect the fireplace so they become educated about fireplace safety.\\nWarnings\\nBaby-proofing does not replace careful parental supervision. You still need to carefully watch your child, especially if the fireplace is in use.\\nBaby-proof before you need to. Babies grow quickly and move from different developmental stages quickly.\\nNever leave flammable material near a fireplace when it is in use; this poses a serious fire hazard.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Fireplaces can be beautiful and cozy features in your home, but they also can be very dangerous, especially for curious children. Babies and young children can be easily drawn to the fireplace fixtures, which can pose a serious threat to their safety. Baby-proofing your fireplace will help ensure the safety of your child.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Baby-Proofing Your Fireplace\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Look at the fireplace from a baby's point of view.\", \"描述\": \"When you get on your hands and knees, you have a better perspective to see what they see. Take notes of anything you think might be dangerous like sharp edges, hot spots, and interesting looking items that might attract a child's attention.\\nRemove any flammable items from the immediate area near the fireplace.\\nYou will need to baby-proof based on your child’s developmental stage. If they can crawl, they will not be able to reach as high as if they know how to walk.\\nThe best time to baby-proof is before your child can harm themselves, so consider baby-proofing the fireplace before your baby can crawl or walk.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Buy a fireplace gate.\", \"描述\": \"A fireplace gate is a great way to create distance between your child and the fireplace. You can purchase fencing to go around the fireplace that will keep your child from coming within feet of the fireplace.\\nNever leave your child unattended near a fire, whether there is a gate present or not.\\nA fireplace gate can be used with fireplaces that are freestanding if you purchase a gate that fully encompasses the entire fireplace.\\nFor a fireplace that is built into a wall, you should purchase a fireplace gate that you can anchor to the walls next to the fireplace.\\nRoutinely inspect the gate to ensure it is in working order.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Avoid freestanding screens.\", \"描述\": \"Babies and toddlers can easily pull down a freestanding gate and they can fall into the fireplace if they lean on the gate.\\nBuy a gate that is specifically designed for a fireplace instead; it will be made of heat resistant material that will not get hot to the touch. Make sure it anchors to the wall to prevent it from falling down if your toddler accidentally topples into it.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Install a fireplace door.\", \"描述\": \"Fireplaces without doors can be more dangerous for families with small children because there is not a barrier between your child and a burning fire. Consider installing a fireplace door to your open fireplace to eliminate this hazard.\\nGlass doors get very hot very quickly when the fireplace is in use. Make sure there is a barrier, like a fireplace gate, around the entire fireplace so a child cannot touch the hot glass.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Lock fireplace doors when not in use.\", \"描述\": \"Babies and small children will be curious to see what’s inside the fireplace so always lock the door when not in use. Consider buying a childproof door lock, like those you may use in a kitchen or with cabinets.\\nIf the fireplace is decorative and you do not use the fireplace for heating, a plastic zip tie can effectively keep the doors shut so your toddler doesn't pinch their fingers.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Check any installed locks.\", \"描述\": \"Some fireplace doors have built-in locks to secure them. If you have this type of door, check the locks to ensure that they're functional and that your child cannot open them.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Move fireplace tools out of reach.\", \"描述\": \"The tools should be in a location where adults can access them if needed, but a child cannot.\\nEnsure that any matches and lighters are out of your child’s reach.\\nKeep any fire accelerants, like lighter fluid, in locked cabinets away from a child's reach.\\nKeep decorative iron fireplace tools out of reach such as in a locked cabinet or within the fireplace fence.\\nKeep necessary fireplace tools, like a fire stoker, ash can, coal rake, and others out of your child’s reach.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Baby Proofing a Hearth\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Buy a larger fireplace gate.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a hearth that extends past the fireplace exterior, you will need to purchase a larger fireplace gate than if you did not have a hearth.\\nFireplace gates ensure that your child is unable to reach the hearth where they can be seriously injured if they fall, especially on the sharp corners of a raised step hearth or fall on the hard material of a flat hearth. .\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Buy a hearth pad.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a hearth with a raised edge you will need to baby-proof the hard corners and edges of the ledge.\\nA hearth pad is made of flame retardant material that runs along the corners and edges of the entire hearth. Hearth pads are usually attached to the hearth with glue or double sided tape, often referred to as hearth clamps.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Install interlocking floors.\", \"描述\": \"If you have a flat hearth, you can use interlocking floors, like those many parents use for play areas, to soften the hard stone and brick.\\nYou should avoid using interlocking floors on the hearth when the fireplace is in use unless the floor material is flame retardant and does not retain heat.\\nThe foam of the interlocking floors can help soften a child's fall on to the hard stone or brick of a flat hearth.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Add hearth cushions.\", \"描述\": \"If you do not use your fireplace you can add cushions or padding directly on top of the stepped or flat hearth to soften the area.\\nNever use hearth cushions if the fireplace is in use, as this is a serious fire hazard.\\nHearth cushions can be a decorate way to hide the stone or brick of the hearth and to make it more comfortable for a child to sit on.\\nDo not encourage your child to sit on the hearth, as this encourages them to treat the hearth and fireplace as a play area when it really is a dangerous place to play.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Following Basic Fireplace Safety\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Learn how to treat burns.\", \"描述\": \"Baby proofing is not failsafe, you should always be prepared with basic first aid knowledge. If a burn is small and not severe, put cool water over the burned area and bandage the wound to protect it from infection.\\nBaby-proofing will help to avoid accidents, but you should be prepared to treat injuries regardless of the safety measures in place.\\nKeep a well-stocked first-aid kit handy in case of any accidents.\\nHave your emergency medical information handy if your child ever does receive a more serious burn. Ask your pediatrician for first aid information and know where your closest hospital is.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Install an additional smoke detector.\", \"描述\": \"Every home should have at least one smoke detector that works properly.\\nInstall an additional smoke detector in the room where your fireplace is located. Early warnings from fire can be the difference between life and death.\\nCheck your fire detectors monthly and replace batteries each year. The National Fire Protection Association recommends that you replace all detectors every ten years.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Install a carbon monoxide detector near the fireplace.\", \"描述\": \"Carbon monoxide poisoning kills thousands of people across the world each year but can be easily prevented. All homes should have working carbon monoxide detectors but consider placing an additional detector in the room where the fireplace is located.\\nTest your carbon monoxide detector monthly to ensure it is functioning properly.\\nKeep a window open, if possible, when a fire is burning to lessen any carbon dioxide the fire produces in the room.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Inspect your fireplace regularly.\", \"描述\": \"While you baby-proof your fireplace, there are important fireplace safety measures that you must take to protect your entire family:\\nCheck your fireplace chimney and outtake vents to ensure that no debris, like leaves, can block air flow. Keeping vents clean can help to reduce the risk carbon monoxide created by the fire in your home.\\nInspect your fireplace flue with a flashlight to make sure it properly opens, closes, and seals.\\nIf you have a gas-burning fireplace, make sure there are no cracks or damage to the glass doors. Test the gas shut-off valve and igniter regularly to make sure no natural gas is leaking into your home.\\nInspect the gate on a regular basis to make sure it’s anchored safely and working properly.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Schedule a professional inspection.\", \"描述\": \"Inspecting your fireplace on your own is important, but it is also important to have a licensed professional inspect your fireplace to ensure safety.\\nCall a licensed chimney professional or mason if you notice any structural damage to your fireplace.\\nThe Chimney Safety Institute recommends that families who use their fireplace should have their fireplace and chimney inspected each year, if not more frequently.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"To test your baby-proofing, approach the fireplace from your child’s perspective. While you kneel or crawl around the fireplace, you may see potential hazards you may have otherwise missed.\\n\", \"If your fireplace is decorative and you never burn fires in it, you still need to protect your child from the sharp edges, hard surfaces, and raised areas of the fireplace.\\n\", \"If you have older children, allow them to watch you inspect the fireplace so they become educated about fireplace safety.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Baby-proofing does not replace careful parental supervision. You still need to carefully watch your child, especially if the fireplace is in use.\\n\", \"Baby-proof before you need to. Babies grow quickly and move from different developmental stages quickly.\\n\", \"Never leave flammable material near a fireplace when it is in use; this poses a serious fire hazard.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,304 | How to Back Braid Rope | 1. Tying a Crown Knot
1-1. Unravel 10 in (25 cm) of rope into 3 strands.
You will need a 3-stranded rope. If you look closely at the rope, you can see the 3 thick strands spiraling around each other. Begin pulling them apart by hand. You can slide a pen or another tool between the strands to loosen them.
Use a tape measure to determine how far to unravel the rope.
Be sure to choose a longer rope, preferably about 10 ft (3.0 m) in length, if you plan on using it as a lead.
You will have a hard time getting a strong braid if you unravel less than 8 in (20 cm) of the rope.
1-2. Tape over the end of each rope strand.
Undoing the rope leaves you with 3 strands that fray easily if they are left unprotected. You can cover them with electrical tape or Scotch tape. Position a small bit of tape at the end of each strand, wrapping it all the way around the tip. Wrap each strand individually.
Remember to cover all 3 strands. It will shield your rope as you braid it.
1-3. Hold the rope underneath the unraveled section.
Grasp it firmly in 1 hand. You will use your other hand to loop the rope sections together, creating a crown knot. Maintain your grip on the rope until the knot is finished.
Move the rope strands apart with your free hand so you can see them better.
1-4. Wrap 1 strand over the strand to its right.
You can start with any of the 3 strands. To make the process easier, you may want to start with the strand furthest to the left. Pick up the left strand, then position it over the strand next to it. Let it hang there for now.
If you start with a different strand, be careful. Work slowly so you weave the strands together in the correct order.
1-5. Loop the second strand over the other strands.
Grab onto the taped end of the second strand. It should have the first strand hanging over it. Loop it around so it passes over the third strand and reaches the first strand, which is on your left.
Make sure the tail of the first, leftmost strand stays over the second strand.
1-6. Tuck the third strand through the loop created by the first strand.
Get ahold of the third strand. Carefully bring it over the second strand and towards the first strand. Bring it down near the inside portion of the first strand.
Doing this forms the crown knot. If the strands come undone, reset the strands and start over from the beginning.
1-7. Pull on the strands to tighten the knot.
You want your knot to be nice and even on the rope. To do this, tug a little on the end of each strand. Using an equal amount of pressure should ensure that all the strands stay the same size.
Continue adjusting the knot until it feels secure on the rope.
2. Weaving Rope Strands Together
2-1. Separate the rope strands underneath the knot.
Lower your hand from the crown knot. The rope underneath it is still intact. You can pick apart the strands to loosen them like you did before. You can use a pen or another tool if you need more leverage, but undo only small amounts of rope at a time.
You will need to continue undoing the rope as you weave the strands into a braid.
2-2. Pull 1 of the loose tails through 1 of the underlying strands.
Although you tied a crown knot earlier, you will still have excess rope above it. Grasp 1 of these excess rope “tails.” Pull it to the side and then down to the rope strands directly beneath the knot. Wrap it underneath the closest strand, then pull it all the way through.
The tail and strand you start with doesn’t matter, but keep a close eye on which rope sections you wrap together.
2-3. Wrap the second loose tail through the rope strands.
Grab another loose tail, then do what you did with the first tail. Bring it over and down towards the knot, looping it underneath another rope strand. To make the braid consistent, choose the closest strand again. Pull the tail completely through to tighten it.
Make sure you loop the tail under a different rope strand than the one you used before. Each tail should pass under a different neighboring strand.
2-4. Repeat looping and tightening the third tail and strand.
Get the third loose tail, then bring it over and down towards the knot to wrap it underneath the last remaining strand. This strand should not be looped around either of the other tails. Pull the rope tail to complete the initial part of the braid.
2-5. Alternate looping each tail and strand until the braid is finished.
Go back to the first tail you looped. Pull it over, then back down and underneath the nearest strand. Pull it all the way through to tighten it. Then move onto the second tail and third tail, repeating the process each time. Continue doing this until you reach the ends of the tails.
In order to make a strong braid, loop the tails 1 at a time. Switch tails after each pass.
The braid should look consistent. If it doesn’t, undo the loops. You may have connected a tail with an incorrect strand.
2-6. Pull on the ends of the rope to tighten the braid.
When you are done making the braid, the 3 tails will barely poke out of the rope. Pull them as tightly as possible so the braid can’t unravel. You don’t have to worry about applying an equal amount of pressure. As long as you pull on all 3, the braid should tighten sufficiently.
2-7. Cut off the excess rope tails near the braids.
These tails are the same ones you wrapped around the rope strands. They are easily identified by the tape you used to prevent fraying. You will see the tap sticking out of the braid. Using a sharp pair of scissors, sever these tails as close to the braid as possible.
If the braid seems loose, you can try taping around the areas where you cut the tails. The tape may successfully hold your rope together as you use it.
Tips
If the rope isn’t smooth, try rolling it between your hands. This should eliminate any frayed strands.
You can tie a snap to the other end of the rope, then hook it onto a dog collar or horse reign.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:44",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Tying a Crown Knot\\n1-1. Unravel 10 in (25 cm) of rope into 3 strands.\\nYou will need a 3-stranded rope. If you look closely at the rope, you can see the 3 thick strands spiraling around each other. Begin pulling them apart by hand. You can slide a pen or another tool between the strands to loosen them.\\nUse a tape measure to determine how far to unravel the rope.\\nBe sure to choose a longer rope, preferably about 10 ft (3.0 m) in length, if you plan on using it as a lead.\\nYou will have a hard time getting a strong braid if you unravel less than 8 in (20 cm) of the rope.\\n1-2. Tape over the end of each rope strand.\\nUndoing the rope leaves you with 3 strands that fray easily if they are left unprotected. You can cover them with electrical tape or Scotch tape. Position a small bit of tape at the end of each strand, wrapping it all the way around the tip. Wrap each strand individually.\\nRemember to cover all 3 strands. It will shield your rope as you braid it.\\n1-3. Hold the rope underneath the unraveled section.\\nGrasp it firmly in 1 hand. You will use your other hand to loop the rope sections together, creating a crown knot. Maintain your grip on the rope until the knot is finished.\\nMove the rope strands apart with your free hand so you can see them better.\\n1-4. Wrap 1 strand over the strand to its right.\\nYou can start with any of the 3 strands. To make the process easier, you may want to start with the strand furthest to the left. Pick up the left strand, then position it over the strand next to it. Let it hang there for now.\\nIf you start with a different strand, be careful. Work slowly so you weave the strands together in the correct order.\\n1-5. Loop the second strand over the other strands.\\nGrab onto the taped end of the second strand. It should have the first strand hanging over it. Loop it around so it passes over the third strand and reaches the first strand, which is on your left.\\nMake sure the tail of the first, leftmost strand stays over the second strand.\\n1-6. Tuck the third strand through the loop created by the first strand.\\nGet ahold of the third strand. Carefully bring it over the second strand and towards the first strand. Bring it down near the inside portion of the first strand.\\nDoing this forms the crown knot. If the strands come undone, reset the strands and start over from the beginning.\\n1-7. Pull on the strands to tighten the knot.\\nYou want your knot to be nice and even on the rope. To do this, tug a little on the end of each strand. Using an equal amount of pressure should ensure that all the strands stay the same size.\\nContinue adjusting the knot until it feels secure on the rope.\\n2. Weaving Rope Strands Together\\n2-1. Separate the rope strands underneath the knot.\\nLower your hand from the crown knot. The rope underneath it is still intact. You can pick apart the strands to loosen them like you did before. You can use a pen or another tool if you need more leverage, but undo only small amounts of rope at a time.\\nYou will need to continue undoing the rope as you weave the strands into a braid.\\n2-2. Pull 1 of the loose tails through 1 of the underlying strands.\\nAlthough you tied a crown knot earlier, you will still have excess rope above it. Grasp 1 of these excess rope “tails.” Pull it to the side and then down to the rope strands directly beneath the knot. Wrap it underneath the closest strand, then pull it all the way through.\\nThe tail and strand you start with doesn’t matter, but keep a close eye on which rope sections you wrap together.\\n2-3. Wrap the second loose tail through the rope strands.\\nGrab another loose tail, then do what you did with the first tail. Bring it over and down towards the knot, looping it underneath another rope strand. To make the braid consistent, choose the closest strand again. Pull the tail completely through to tighten it.\\nMake sure you loop the tail under a different rope strand than the one you used before. Each tail should pass under a different neighboring strand.\\n2-4. Repeat looping and tightening the third tail and strand.\\nGet the third loose tail, then bring it over and down towards the knot to wrap it underneath the last remaining strand. This strand should not be looped around either of the other tails. Pull the rope tail to complete the initial part of the braid.\\n2-5. Alternate looping each tail and strand until the braid is finished.\\nGo back to the first tail you looped. Pull it over, then back down and underneath the nearest strand. Pull it all the way through to tighten it. Then move onto the second tail and third tail, repeating the process each time. Continue doing this until you reach the ends of the tails.\\nIn order to make a strong braid, loop the tails 1 at a time. Switch tails after each pass.\\nThe braid should look consistent. If it doesn’t, undo the loops. You may have connected a tail with an incorrect strand.\\n2-6. Pull on the ends of the rope to tighten the braid.\\nWhen you are done making the braid, the 3 tails will barely poke out of the rope. Pull them as tightly as possible so the braid can’t unravel. You don’t have to worry about applying an equal amount of pressure. As long as you pull on all 3, the braid should tighten sufficiently.\\n2-7. Cut off the excess rope tails near the braids.\\nThese tails are the same ones you wrapped around the rope strands. They are easily identified by the tape you used to prevent fraying. You will see the tap sticking out of the braid. Using a sharp pair of scissors, sever these tails as close to the braid as possible.\\nIf the braid seems loose, you can try taping around the areas where you cut the tails. The tape may successfully hold your rope together as you use it.\\nTips\\nIf the rope isn’t smooth, try rolling it between your hands. This should eliminate any frayed strands.\\nYou can tie a snap to the other end of the rope, then hook it onto a dog collar or horse reign.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Back braiding is a way to tie loose strands of rope together. Braided rope can be used in a number of ways, including as a lead for horses. You don’t need a lot of supplies to braid rope. You can make a simple crown knot, then weave the rope strands together by hand to form thick, strong braids.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Tying a Crown Knot\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Unravel 10 in (25 cm) of rope into 3 strands.\", \"描述\": \"You will need a 3-stranded rope. If you look closely at the rope, you can see the 3 thick strands spiraling around each other. Begin pulling them apart by hand. You can slide a pen or another tool between the strands to loosen them.\\nUse a tape measure to determine how far to unravel the rope.\\nBe sure to choose a longer rope, preferably about 10 ft (3.0 m) in length, if you plan on using it as a lead.\\nYou will have a hard time getting a strong braid if you unravel less than 8 in (20 cm) of the rope.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tape over the end of each rope strand.\", \"描述\": \"Undoing the rope leaves you with 3 strands that fray easily if they are left unprotected. You can cover them with electrical tape or Scotch tape. Position a small bit of tape at the end of each strand, wrapping it all the way around the tip. Wrap each strand individually.\\nRemember to cover all 3 strands. It will shield your rope as you braid it.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Hold the rope underneath the unraveled section.\", \"描述\": \"Grasp it firmly in 1 hand. You will use your other hand to loop the rope sections together, creating a crown knot. Maintain your grip on the rope until the knot is finished.\\nMove the rope strands apart with your free hand so you can see them better.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Wrap 1 strand over the strand to its right.\", \"描述\": \"You can start with any of the 3 strands. To make the process easier, you may want to start with the strand furthest to the left. Pick up the left strand, then position it over the strand next to it. Let it hang there for now.\\nIf you start with a different strand, be careful. Work slowly so you weave the strands together in the correct order.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Loop the second strand over the other strands.\", \"描述\": \"Grab onto the taped end of the second strand. It should have the first strand hanging over it. Loop it around so it passes over the third strand and reaches the first strand, which is on your left.\\nMake sure the tail of the first, leftmost strand stays over the second strand.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tuck the third strand through the loop created by the first strand.\", \"描述\": \"Get ahold of the third strand. Carefully bring it over the second strand and towards the first strand. Bring it down near the inside portion of the first strand.\\nDoing this forms the crown knot. If the strands come undone, reset the strands and start over from the beginning.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Pull on the strands to tighten the knot.\", \"描述\": \"You want your knot to be nice and even on the rope. To do this, tug a little on the end of each strand. Using an equal amount of pressure should ensure that all the strands stay the same size.\\nContinue adjusting the knot until it feels secure on the rope.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Weaving Rope Strands Together\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Separate the rope strands underneath the knot.\", \"描述\": \"Lower your hand from the crown knot. The rope underneath it is still intact. You can pick apart the strands to loosen them like you did before. You can use a pen or another tool if you need more leverage, but undo only small amounts of rope at a time.\\nYou will need to continue undoing the rope as you weave the strands into a braid.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pull 1 of the loose tails through 1 of the underlying strands.\", \"描述\": \"Although you tied a crown knot earlier, you will still have excess rope above it. Grasp 1 of these excess rope “tails.” Pull it to the side and then down to the rope strands directly beneath the knot. Wrap it underneath the closest strand, then pull it all the way through.\\nThe tail and strand you start with doesn’t matter, but keep a close eye on which rope sections you wrap together.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Wrap the second loose tail through the rope strands.\", \"描述\": \"Grab another loose tail, then do what you did with the first tail. Bring it over and down towards the knot, looping it underneath another rope strand. To make the braid consistent, choose the closest strand again. Pull the tail completely through to tighten it.\\nMake sure you loop the tail under a different rope strand than the one you used before. Each tail should pass under a different neighboring strand.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Repeat looping and tightening the third tail and strand.\", \"描述\": \"Get the third loose tail, then bring it over and down towards the knot to wrap it underneath the last remaining strand. This strand should not be looped around either of the other tails. Pull the rope tail to complete the initial part of the braid.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Alternate looping each tail and strand until the braid is finished.\", \"描述\": \"Go back to the first tail you looped. Pull it over, then back down and underneath the nearest strand. Pull it all the way through to tighten it. Then move onto the second tail and third tail, repeating the process each time. Continue doing this until you reach the ends of the tails.\\nIn order to make a strong braid, loop the tails 1 at a time. Switch tails after each pass.\\nThe braid should look consistent. If it doesn’t, undo the loops. You may have connected a tail with an incorrect strand.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Pull on the ends of the rope to tighten the braid.\", \"描述\": \"When you are done making the braid, the 3 tails will barely poke out of the rope. Pull them as tightly as possible so the braid can’t unravel. You don’t have to worry about applying an equal amount of pressure. As long as you pull on all 3, the braid should tighten sufficiently.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Cut off the excess rope tails near the braids.\", \"描述\": \"These tails are the same ones you wrapped around the rope strands. They are easily identified by the tape you used to prevent fraying. You will see the tap sticking out of the braid. Using a sharp pair of scissors, sever these tails as close to the braid as possible.\\nIf the braid seems loose, you can try taping around the areas where you cut the tails. The tape may successfully hold your rope together as you use it.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"If the rope isn’t smooth, try rolling it between your hands. This should eliminate any frayed strands.\\n\", \"You can tie a snap to the other end of the rope, then hook it onto a dog collar or horse reign.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,305 | How to Back Comb | 1. Prepping Your Hair
1-1. Wash your hair with a volumizing shampoo.
If you're going for extreme body, this is a good first step. Pick a shampoo that is labeled as "volumizing."
Shampoos labeled as "clarifying" are also a good choice when it comes to getting more volume. They'll clean away conditioning agents and oils that might be weighing your hair down.
Don't use shampoos that are made for dry hair if what you want is volume. These contain conditioners that might make your hair flatter.
However, if you have dry or damaged hair, use a moisturizing shampoo.
1-2. Use a volumizing conditioner
Again, you want to go with a brand that says it will add volume, rather than smooth your hair down. You can skip the conditioner as long as your hair is not dry or damaged.
Use a deep conditioner if your hair is dry or damaged.
1-3. Work a volumizing mousse or gel through your hair.
Start at the roots, and spread it through to the ends. For best results, run a brush through your hair after applying to help distribute the product evenly.
1-4. Turn your head upside down, and blow it dry.
This helps create volume since the hair can dry virtually weightless.
Use a low temperature setting to add volume but prevent heat damage from occurring.
Using a diffuser is a way to preserve some natural wave and volume.
2. Using Proper Technique
2-1. Choose a section of hair to backcomb.
Determine what part of your hair needs volume. You can backcomb the top of your head, the crown, or your whole head. Use your fingers to section off the hair, and grasp a small section of hair in your hand. Hold the hair straight upward, and pull it taut so that none of the strands can escape.
A lot of people like to start with the section of hair on top, right above the forehead. Adding a little lift right there can make a dramatic difference.
2-2. Tease the hair backward.
Place your brush or a fine-tooth comb about halfway between your hair's roots and your hand, and apply firm brush strokes downward toward the scalp. Start with the backside of each section and work towards the side of it that is closest to your face. Repeat this motion until there is a cushion of hair at the base of the hair section.
At this point your hair will look wild. That's totally normal! If you backcombed it correctly, your hair should look like you haven't combed it in days. You can smooth out the top layer to hide the tangles later.
2-3. Repeat with the next small section of hair.
Continue until you have volume in all the areas you desire.
3. Finishing the Look
3-1. Use a brush to smooth out the top layer.
Use light pressure and fluid movements to brush out the very top layer of your hair so that it hides the backcombed sections. You need enough pressure to blend the hair together to cover or hide the back combed areas but not enough to flatten out the areas where you just added volume. Your hair should appear smooth and full, and the back combing should not be visible.
3-2. Finish styling your look however you desire.
Add hair spray where necessary to hold the look.
Backcombing can be used to create gorgeous dreads.
Backcombing is the first step to creating the classic French twist.
Tips
For longer-lasting volume, use a comb and tease only one small section at a time. If you are looking for a softer effect, use a brush and larger sections of hair to achieve the look.
For best results, try to avoid conditioning the scalp area, as this can weigh down the roots of the hair and make back combing more difficult.
Be sure to hold the sections of hair you are back combing as close to the ends as possible. This will prevent the comb from pulling too much hair down and creating a clump of tangles.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:44",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Prepping Your Hair\\n1-1. Wash your hair with a volumizing shampoo.\\nIf you're going for extreme body, this is a good first step. Pick a shampoo that is labeled as \\\"volumizing.\\\"\\nShampoos labeled as \\\"clarifying\\\" are also a good choice when it comes to getting more volume. They'll clean away conditioning agents and oils that might be weighing your hair down.\\nDon't use shampoos that are made for dry hair if what you want is volume. These contain conditioners that might make your hair flatter.\\nHowever, if you have dry or damaged hair, use a moisturizing shampoo.\\n1-2. Use a volumizing conditioner\\nAgain, you want to go with a brand that says it will add volume, rather than smooth your hair down. You can skip the conditioner as long as your hair is not dry or damaged.\\nUse a deep conditioner if your hair is dry or damaged.\\n1-3. Work a volumizing mousse or gel through your hair.\\nStart at the roots, and spread it through to the ends. For best results, run a brush through your hair after applying to help distribute the product evenly.\\n1-4. Turn your head upside down, and blow it dry.\\nThis helps create volume since the hair can dry virtually weightless.\\nUse a low temperature setting to add volume but prevent heat damage from occurring.\\n Using a diffuser is a way to preserve some natural wave and volume.\\n2. Using Proper Technique\\n2-1. Choose a section of hair to backcomb.\\nDetermine what part of your hair needs volume. You can backcomb the top of your head, the crown, or your whole head. Use your fingers to section off the hair, and grasp a small section of hair in your hand. Hold the hair straight upward, and pull it taut so that none of the strands can escape.\\nA lot of people like to start with the section of hair on top, right above the forehead. Adding a little lift right there can make a dramatic difference.\\n2-2. Tease the hair backward.\\nPlace your brush or a fine-tooth comb about halfway between your hair's roots and your hand, and apply firm brush strokes downward toward the scalp. Start with the backside of each section and work towards the side of it that is closest to your face. Repeat this motion until there is a cushion of hair at the base of the hair section.\\nAt this point your hair will look wild. That's totally normal! If you backcombed it correctly, your hair should look like you haven't combed it in days. You can smooth out the top layer to hide the tangles later.\\n2-3. Repeat with the next small section of hair.\\nContinue until you have volume in all the areas you desire.\\n3. Finishing the Look\\n3-1. Use a brush to smooth out the top layer.\\nUse light pressure and fluid movements to brush out the very top layer of your hair so that it hides the backcombed sections. You need enough pressure to blend the hair together to cover or hide the back combed areas but not enough to flatten out the areas where you just added volume. Your hair should appear smooth and full, and the back combing should not be visible.\\n3-2. Finish styling your look however you desire.\\nAdd hair spray where necessary to hold the look.\\nBackcombing can be used to create gorgeous dreads.\\nBackcombing is the first step to creating the classic French twist.\\nTips\\nFor longer-lasting volume, use a comb and tease only one small section at a time. If you are looking for a softer effect, use a brush and larger sections of hair to achieve the look.\\nFor best results, try to avoid conditioning the scalp area, as this can weigh down the roots of the hair and make back combing more difficult.\\nBe sure to hold the sections of hair you are back combing as close to the ends as possible. This will prevent the comb from pulling too much hair down and creating a clump of tangles.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Beautiful, full-bodied hair doesn't have to cost a fortune. No matter what your hair type or length, you can learn how to back comb your tresses to give you the extra volume you've always wanted. Backcombing the underside of your hair and smoothing down the top results in natural-looking volume. Read on to learn how to add height and flair to your hair in a few easy, natural steps.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Prepping Your Hair\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Wash your hair with a volumizing shampoo.\", \"描述\": \"If you're going for extreme body, this is a good first step. Pick a shampoo that is labeled as \\\"volumizing.\\\"\\nShampoos labeled as \\\"clarifying\\\" are also a good choice when it comes to getting more volume. They'll clean away conditioning agents and oils that might be weighing your hair down.\\nDon't use shampoos that are made for dry hair if what you want is volume. These contain conditioners that might make your hair flatter.\\nHowever, if you have dry or damaged hair, use a moisturizing shampoo.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Use a volumizing conditioner\", \"描述\": \"Again, you want to go with a brand that says it will add volume, rather than smooth your hair down. You can skip the conditioner as long as your hair is not dry or damaged.\\nUse a deep conditioner if your hair is dry or damaged.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Work a volumizing mousse or gel through your hair.\", \"描述\": \"Start at the roots, and spread it through to the ends. For best results, run a brush through your hair after applying to help distribute the product evenly.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Turn your head upside down, and blow it dry.\", \"描述\": \"This helps create volume since the hair can dry virtually weightless.\\nUse a low temperature setting to add volume but prevent heat damage from occurring.\\n Using a diffuser is a way to preserve some natural wave and volume.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Using Proper Technique\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Choose a section of hair to backcomb.\", \"描述\": \"Determine what part of your hair needs volume. You can backcomb the top of your head, the crown, or your whole head. Use your fingers to section off the hair, and grasp a small section of hair in your hand. Hold the hair straight upward, and pull it taut so that none of the strands can escape.\\nA lot of people like to start with the section of hair on top, right above the forehead. Adding a little lift right there can make a dramatic difference.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tease the hair backward.\", \"描述\": \"Place your brush or a fine-tooth comb about halfway between your hair's roots and your hand, and apply firm brush strokes downward toward the scalp. Start with the backside of each section and work towards the side of it that is closest to your face. Repeat this motion until there is a cushion of hair at the base of the hair section.\\nAt this point your hair will look wild. That's totally normal! If you backcombed it correctly, your hair should look like you haven't combed it in days. You can smooth out the top layer to hide the tangles later.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Repeat with the next small section of hair.\", \"描述\": \"Continue until you have volume in all the areas you desire.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Finishing the Look\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Use a brush to smooth out the top layer.\", \"描述\": \"Use light pressure and fluid movements to brush out the very top layer of your hair so that it hides the backcombed sections. You need enough pressure to blend the hair together to cover or hide the back combed areas but not enough to flatten out the areas where you just added volume. Your hair should appear smooth and full, and the back combing should not be visible.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Finish styling your look however you desire.\", \"描述\": \"Add hair spray where necessary to hold the look.\\nBackcombing can be used to create gorgeous dreads.\\nBackcombing is the first step to creating the classic French twist.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"For longer-lasting volume, use a comb and tease only one small section at a time. If you are looking for a softer effect, use a brush and larger sections of hair to achieve the look.\\n\", \"For best results, try to avoid conditioning the scalp area, as this can weigh down the roots of the hair and make back combing more difficult.\\n\", \"Be sure to hold the sections of hair you are back combing as close to the ends as possible. This will prevent the comb from pulling too much hair down and creating a clump of tangles.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,306 | How to Back Dive | 1. Doing a Back Dive
1-1. Warm up and find a good spot to practice.
Get the blood flowing to your muscles to prevent injuries and loosen up. Do some stretching and/or some form of cardio as diving prep. Find a spot on the edge of the pool in the deep end to practice your dives. Do not dive into shallow water. If the water you’re diving in is nine feet deep or less, then the water is too shallow to dive in.
Make sure you have a coach there with you to act as your spotter during your dives.
Start out diving as low as possible (from the side of the pool) and then work your way up to the diving board.
1-2. Start off by doing a back jump dive.
Stand at the edge of the pool with your back to the water. Raise your arms above your head so that your body is one straight line.
Bend your legs. As soon as your knees bend, very quickly swing your arms backwards in a circular motion (or counter-clockwise). Your arms should make a full circle, coming back to stop beside your ears, hands together above your head in a dive position.
Jump back (at least a foot away from the deck) into the water. Enter the water feet-first.
Before, during, and after the dive, your arms should remain straight above your head. Your head and body should be aligned.
Practice this a few times. Try to jump with your body held straight, but entering the water at an angle.
1-3. Position yourself to try a back dive.
Go to the edge of the pool or the edge of the diving board and turn your back to the water. Allow your heels to hang over the side. Balance on the balls of your feet, onto your tip toes.
Mimic the movements you made with your arms when you practiced a back jump dive — they should be stretched above your head and your body should be in a straight line. If you are on the board, begin bouncing gently.
Bend your legs in preparation to use the pressure to set up the action of diving in the next step. As you bend your knees, quickly rotate your arms behind you in a full circle, bringing them back to the original position beside your ears, hands above your head.
1-4. Perform the back dive.
Arch your back slowly. Continue arching until you feel your body begin to fall — at that point, push yourself backward off the board. As with the jump dive, try to keep your body in a straight line — your arms should be straight, your toes pointed.
You can attempt a back-bend first, which is the same thing without throwing yourself off the board or bouncing the board — you just let yourself fall into the water.
Keep your eyes open as you dive so that you can see the water. This will assist you in keeping your head neutral, your and arms and your body straight as you enter the water.
Your hands should enter the water first, held in the diving position (or flat-hand position).
1-5. Increase the speed of your dive.
As you get more comfortable, you'll want to speed up the movements. Instead of slowly arching your back until you begin to fall, you should eventually reach a point where you are no longer falling back off the board or side of the pool — you are just launching yourself off into the water.
2. Doing a Back Dive Tuck
2-1. Perform drills to help you dive.
After you warm up, use a trampoline to practice tucking. Your coach must be there to spot you so you don't hurt yourself. While standing on the trampoline, act as though you are doing a back jump. You will be jumping into the air and landing on your back on the trampoline.
While you’re mid-jump on the trampoline, pull your knees against your chest, forming a tuck position. Grab your knees to your chest for second, then kick your legs out to 45 degree angle before landing.
If locating a trampoline isn’t convenient for you, practice back jumps from the side of the pool deck you’re using. Do a back jump tuck directly into the water. Instead of landing flat on your back, try to enter the water smoothly at an angle.
From there, move the jump up to the diving board from the deck. Get comfortable with the jumps and once you’ve completed a set of three to five jumps, try the dive.
2-2. Position yourself for the back dive tuck.
Once you feel comfortable with the tucking motion, you can practice diving into the water. Again, start low, diving off the edge of the pool into the deep end, and eventually work up to the diving board. As always, make sure your coach is there to spot you.
Stand backwards on the edge of the pool or diving board with your heels hanging off the edge. Raise your arms above your head in the diving position — hands together, arms in line with your ears.
If you are on the board, start bouncing gently. Let your arms drop behind you, whipping them around in a quick circular motion. As your arms return to their position above your head (imagine your entire body being in the 12 o'clock position on a clock), you’re ready to take your dive.
2-3. Make the takeoff for your dive.
Position your body at a slight backwards angle and jump up and away from the board.
To help keep your head in a neutral position, try picking a point on the back of the diving board (or pool deck) and focusing on this spot as you dive.
2-4. Start the tuck position.
Without moving the upper part of your body (including your head — don't tilt back and look for the water), bring your knees to your chest (do not bring your chest toward your knees).
Grab your shins as your knees come to your chest.
2-5. Prepare to enter the water.
Extend your legs for the kick-out and entry part of the dive. Make sure your body is tight during entry, especially your stomach muscles.
Kick your legs out to a 45 degree angle.
Keeping your legs at this angle, you can now look back toward the water.
Bring your arms back up over your head to resume the flat-hand or diving position, moving them up along the center of your body.
When you enter the water, your body should be almost vertical, positioned at a very slight angle.
2-6. Gain control of the dive.
Learn how to control your body during the back dive tuck to have the most successful dive. Practice the back dive tuck on 1-meter and 3-meter diving boards to master the movements.
3. Doing a Back Flip While You Dive
3-1. Make sure you are prepared to dive.
Have a coach there to act as your guide. You should be able to do a normal back dive off a 1-meter board without issue. You should also understand the basics of diving.
3-2. Approach the dive by starting with a back press.
Stand backwards on the edge of the 1-meter diving board. Your shoulders should be in a vertical line over your hips. Place your arms down at your sides.
Keep your head in a neutral position and begin to rock the board.
Lift your arms over your head, keeping them straight. Begin to quickly rotate your arms behind your body slightly.
As you rotate your arms, bend your legs to prepare to jump from the board.
3-3. Get ready to jump up and away from the board.
Swing your arms forcefully into a back press. Keep your head aligned with your arms.
Jump up and out off of the board.
Once you’re in the air, your feet should be pointed towards the board and your body should be at a backward angle.
3-4. Start the rotation of the back flip.
Extend your arms in a straight position overhead near your ears. Point your legs towards the diving board at an angle in the air so that they “chase” your head and arms.
Rotate your arms behind your body quickly in a small half-circle. This action will increase the momentum of the rotation for your flip.
Bend your legs into a tuck position and grab onto your shins once your arms have completed the half-circle movement.
3-5. Launch yourself to the come out position of the dive.
Hold your tight tuck position briefly. Keep your eyes open. Look for the board and use it as your signal to come out of the somersault at the right time.
Fold yourself out of the somersault/tuck position once you see the board. Aim your legs towards the water and slightly in front of you.
Punch your feet into the water at a slight angle so that your body finishes the rotation you started.
As you enter the water, place your arms at the sides of your body.
Tips
Always have a spotter with you, to make sure you don't hit the board.
If you have successfully completed your back dive from off the side of the ladder but aren't quite ready to take the plunge from the diving board, go off the side of the pool in the deep end. That works easier for some people.
When you start to bend your back, try to watch the water. Keep your eyes open as you go in.
Warnings
Never dive in water that is less than 8 feet (2.4 m) deep!
Back flops will happen. These may cause redness and pain on the surface of your back. However, if your neck or shoulder hurts, stop. You might have pulled a muscle.
Never dive off a board into water that is less than 12 feet (3.7 m) deep.
Don't fall straight down, but don't throw yourself way out. Try to go about 1 1⁄2 feet (0.5 m) away from the board.
Do not dive with goggles. The impact from the water can snap your goggles and it hurts badly.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:44",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Doing a Back Dive\\n1-1. Warm up and find a good spot to practice.\\nGet the blood flowing to your muscles to prevent injuries and loosen up. Do some stretching and/or some form of cardio as diving prep. Find a spot on the edge of the pool in the deep end to practice your dives. Do not dive into shallow water. If the water you’re diving in is nine feet deep or less, then the water is too shallow to dive in.\\nMake sure you have a coach there with you to act as your spotter during your dives.\\nStart out diving as low as possible (from the side of the pool) and then work your way up to the diving board.\\n1-2. Start off by doing a back jump dive.\\nStand at the edge of the pool with your back to the water. Raise your arms above your head so that your body is one straight line. \\nBend your legs. As soon as your knees bend, very quickly swing your arms backwards in a circular motion (or counter-clockwise). Your arms should make a full circle, coming back to stop beside your ears, hands together above your head in a dive position.\\nJump back (at least a foot away from the deck) into the water. Enter the water feet-first.\\nBefore, during, and after the dive, your arms should remain straight above your head. Your head and body should be aligned.\\nPractice this a few times. Try to jump with your body held straight, but entering the water at an angle.\\n1-3. Position yourself to try a back dive.\\nGo to the edge of the pool or the edge of the diving board and turn your back to the water. Allow your heels to hang over the side. Balance on the balls of your feet, onto your tip toes.\\nMimic the movements you made with your arms when you practiced a back jump dive — they should be stretched above your head and your body should be in a straight line. If you are on the board, begin bouncing gently.\\nBend your legs in preparation to use the pressure to set up the action of diving in the next step. As you bend your knees, quickly rotate your arms behind you in a full circle, bringing them back to the original position beside your ears, hands above your head.\\n1-4. Perform the back dive.\\nArch your back slowly. Continue arching until you feel your body begin to fall — at that point, push yourself backward off the board. As with the jump dive, try to keep your body in a straight line — your arms should be straight, your toes pointed.\\nYou can attempt a back-bend first, which is the same thing without throwing yourself off the board or bouncing the board — you just let yourself fall into the water.\\nKeep your eyes open as you dive so that you can see the water. This will assist you in keeping your head neutral, your and arms and your body straight as you enter the water.\\nYour hands should enter the water first, held in the diving position (or flat-hand position).\\n1-5. Increase the speed of your dive.\\nAs you get more comfortable, you'll want to speed up the movements. Instead of slowly arching your back until you begin to fall, you should eventually reach a point where you are no longer falling back off the board or side of the pool — you are just launching yourself off into the water.\\n2. Doing a Back Dive Tuck\\n2-1. Perform drills to help you dive.\\nAfter you warm up, use a trampoline to practice tucking. Your coach must be there to spot you so you don't hurt yourself. While standing on the trampoline, act as though you are doing a back jump. You will be jumping into the air and landing on your back on the trampoline. \\nWhile you’re mid-jump on the trampoline, pull your knees against your chest, forming a tuck position. Grab your knees to your chest for second, then kick your legs out to 45 degree angle before landing.\\nIf locating a trampoline isn’t convenient for you, practice back jumps from the side of the pool deck you’re using. Do a back jump tuck directly into the water. Instead of landing flat on your back, try to enter the water smoothly at an angle.\\nFrom there, move the jump up to the diving board from the deck. Get comfortable with the jumps and once you’ve completed a set of three to five jumps, try the dive.\\n2-2. Position yourself for the back dive tuck.\\nOnce you feel comfortable with the tucking motion, you can practice diving into the water. Again, start low, diving off the edge of the pool into the deep end, and eventually work up to the diving board. As always, make sure your coach is there to spot you.\\nStand backwards on the edge of the pool or diving board with your heels hanging off the edge. Raise your arms above your head in the diving position — hands together, arms in line with your ears.\\nIf you are on the board, start bouncing gently. Let your arms drop behind you, whipping them around in a quick circular motion. As your arms return to their position above your head (imagine your entire body being in the 12 o'clock position on a clock), you’re ready to take your dive.\\n2-3. Make the takeoff for your dive.\\nPosition your body at a slight backwards angle and jump up and away from the board. \\nTo help keep your head in a neutral position, try picking a point on the back of the diving board (or pool deck) and focusing on this spot as you dive.\\n2-4. Start the tuck position.\\nWithout moving the upper part of your body (including your head — don't tilt back and look for the water), bring your knees to your chest (do not bring your chest toward your knees). \\nGrab your shins as your knees come to your chest.\\n2-5. Prepare to enter the water.\\nExtend your legs for the kick-out and entry part of the dive. Make sure your body is tight during entry, especially your stomach muscles. \\nKick your legs out to a 45 degree angle.\\nKeeping your legs at this angle, you can now look back toward the water.\\nBring your arms back up over your head to resume the flat-hand or diving position, moving them up along the center of your body.\\nWhen you enter the water, your body should be almost vertical, positioned at a very slight angle.\\n2-6. Gain control of the dive.\\nLearn how to control your body during the back dive tuck to have the most successful dive. Practice the back dive tuck on 1-meter and 3-meter diving boards to master the movements.\\n3. Doing a Back Flip While You Dive\\n3-1. Make sure you are prepared to dive.\\nHave a coach there to act as your guide. You should be able to do a normal back dive off a 1-meter board without issue. You should also understand the basics of diving.\\n3-2. Approach the dive by starting with a back press.\\nStand backwards on the edge of the 1-meter diving board. Your shoulders should be in a vertical line over your hips. Place your arms down at your sides. \\nKeep your head in a neutral position and begin to rock the board.\\nLift your arms over your head, keeping them straight. Begin to quickly rotate your arms behind your body slightly.\\nAs you rotate your arms, bend your legs to prepare to jump from the board.\\n3-3. Get ready to jump up and away from the board.\\nSwing your arms forcefully into a back press. Keep your head aligned with your arms. \\nJump up and out off of the board.\\nOnce you’re in the air, your feet should be pointed towards the board and your body should be at a backward angle.\\n3-4. Start the rotation of the back flip.\\nExtend your arms in a straight position overhead near your ears. Point your legs towards the diving board at an angle in the air so that they “chase” your head and arms. \\nRotate your arms behind your body quickly in a small half-circle. This action will increase the momentum of the rotation for your flip.\\nBend your legs into a tuck position and grab onto your shins once your arms have completed the half-circle movement.\\n3-5. Launch yourself to the come out position of the dive.\\nHold your tight tuck position briefly. Keep your eyes open. Look for the board and use it as your signal to come out of the somersault at the right time. \\nFold yourself out of the somersault/tuck position once you see the board. Aim your legs towards the water and slightly in front of you.\\nPunch your feet into the water at a slight angle so that your body finishes the rotation you started.\\nAs you enter the water, place your arms at the sides of your body.\\nTips\\nAlways have a spotter with you, to make sure you don't hit the board.\\nIf you have successfully completed your back dive from off the side of the ladder but aren't quite ready to take the plunge from the diving board, go off the side of the pool in the deep end. That works easier for some people.\\nWhen you start to bend your back, try to watch the water. Keep your eyes open as you go in.\\nWarnings\\nNever dive in water that is less than 8 feet (2.4 m) deep!\\nBack flops will happen. These may cause redness and pain on the surface of your back. However, if your neck or shoulder hurts, stop. You might have pulled a muscle.\\nNever dive off a board into water that is less than 12 feet (3.7 m) deep.\\nDon't fall straight down, but don't throw yourself way out. Try to go about 1 1⁄2 feet (0.5 m) away from the board.\\nDo not dive with goggles. The impact from the water can snap your goggles and it hurts badly.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Diving is a category all its own in the world of swimming. A key skill that many divers should know is the back dive. Learning how to back dive can be a difficult feat, and the best way to do it is with help from a coach or an experienced swimmer. With a lot of practice, control, and correct positioning of the legs and head, you’ll be back diving like a pro in no time.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Doing a Back Dive\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Warm up and find a good spot to practice.\", \"描述\": \"Get the blood flowing to your muscles to prevent injuries and loosen up. Do some stretching and/or some form of cardio as diving prep. Find a spot on the edge of the pool in the deep end to practice your dives. Do not dive into shallow water. If the water you’re diving in is nine feet deep or less, then the water is too shallow to dive in.\\nMake sure you have a coach there with you to act as your spotter during your dives.\\nStart out diving as low as possible (from the side of the pool) and then work your way up to the diving board.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Start off by doing a back jump dive.\", \"描述\": \"Stand at the edge of the pool with your back to the water. Raise your arms above your head so that your body is one straight line. \\nBend your legs. As soon as your knees bend, very quickly swing your arms backwards in a circular motion (or counter-clockwise). Your arms should make a full circle, coming back to stop beside your ears, hands together above your head in a dive position.\\nJump back (at least a foot away from the deck) into the water. Enter the water feet-first.\\nBefore, during, and after the dive, your arms should remain straight above your head. Your head and body should be aligned.\\nPractice this a few times. Try to jump with your body held straight, but entering the water at an angle.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Position yourself to try a back dive.\", \"描述\": \"Go to the edge of the pool or the edge of the diving board and turn your back to the water. Allow your heels to hang over the side. Balance on the balls of your feet, onto your tip toes.\\nMimic the movements you made with your arms when you practiced a back jump dive — they should be stretched above your head and your body should be in a straight line. If you are on the board, begin bouncing gently.\\nBend your legs in preparation to use the pressure to set up the action of diving in the next step. As you bend your knees, quickly rotate your arms behind you in a full circle, bringing them back to the original position beside your ears, hands above your head.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Perform the back dive.\", \"描述\": \"Arch your back slowly. Continue arching until you feel your body begin to fall — at that point, push yourself backward off the board. As with the jump dive, try to keep your body in a straight line — your arms should be straight, your toes pointed.\\nYou can attempt a back-bend first, which is the same thing without throwing yourself off the board or bouncing the board — you just let yourself fall into the water.\\nKeep your eyes open as you dive so that you can see the water. This will assist you in keeping your head neutral, your and arms and your body straight as you enter the water.\\nYour hands should enter the water first, held in the diving position (or flat-hand position).\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Increase the speed of your dive.\", \"描述\": \"As you get more comfortable, you'll want to speed up the movements. Instead of slowly arching your back until you begin to fall, you should eventually reach a point where you are no longer falling back off the board or side of the pool — you are just launching yourself off into the water.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Doing a Back Dive Tuck\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Perform drills to help you dive.\", \"描述\": \"After you warm up, use a trampoline to practice tucking. Your coach must be there to spot you so you don't hurt yourself. While standing on the trampoline, act as though you are doing a back jump. You will be jumping into the air and landing on your back on the trampoline. \\nWhile you’re mid-jump on the trampoline, pull your knees against your chest, forming a tuck position. Grab your knees to your chest for second, then kick your legs out to 45 degree angle before landing.\\nIf locating a trampoline isn’t convenient for you, practice back jumps from the side of the pool deck you’re using. Do a back jump tuck directly into the water. Instead of landing flat on your back, try to enter the water smoothly at an angle.\\nFrom there, move the jump up to the diving board from the deck. Get comfortable with the jumps and once you’ve completed a set of three to five jumps, try the dive.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Position yourself for the back dive tuck.\", \"描述\": \"Once you feel comfortable with the tucking motion, you can practice diving into the water. Again, start low, diving off the edge of the pool into the deep end, and eventually work up to the diving board. As always, make sure your coach is there to spot you.\\nStand backwards on the edge of the pool or diving board with your heels hanging off the edge. Raise your arms above your head in the diving position — hands together, arms in line with your ears.\\nIf you are on the board, start bouncing gently. Let your arms drop behind you, whipping them around in a quick circular motion. As your arms return to their position above your head (imagine your entire body being in the 12 o'clock position on a clock), you’re ready to take your dive.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Make the takeoff for your dive.\", \"描述\": \"Position your body at a slight backwards angle and jump up and away from the board. \\nTo help keep your head in a neutral position, try picking a point on the back of the diving board (or pool deck) and focusing on this spot as you dive.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Start the tuck position.\", \"描述\": \"Without moving the upper part of your body (including your head — don't tilt back and look for the water), bring your knees to your chest (do not bring your chest toward your knees). \\nGrab your shins as your knees come to your chest.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Prepare to enter the water.\", \"描述\": \"Extend your legs for the kick-out and entry part of the dive. Make sure your body is tight during entry, especially your stomach muscles. \\nKick your legs out to a 45 degree angle.\\nKeeping your legs at this angle, you can now look back toward the water.\\nBring your arms back up over your head to resume the flat-hand or diving position, moving them up along the center of your body.\\nWhen you enter the water, your body should be almost vertical, positioned at a very slight angle.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Gain control of the dive.\", \"描述\": \"Learn how to control your body during the back dive tuck to have the most successful dive. Practice the back dive tuck on 1-meter and 3-meter diving boards to master the movements.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Doing a Back Flip While You Dive\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Make sure you are prepared to dive.\", \"描述\": \"Have a coach there to act as your guide. You should be able to do a normal back dive off a 1-meter board without issue. You should also understand the basics of diving.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Approach the dive by starting with a back press.\", \"描述\": \"Stand backwards on the edge of the 1-meter diving board. Your shoulders should be in a vertical line over your hips. Place your arms down at your sides. \\nKeep your head in a neutral position and begin to rock the board.\\nLift your arms over your head, keeping them straight. Begin to quickly rotate your arms behind your body slightly.\\nAs you rotate your arms, bend your legs to prepare to jump from the board.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Get ready to jump up and away from the board.\", \"描述\": \"Swing your arms forcefully into a back press. Keep your head aligned with your arms. \\nJump up and out off of the board.\\nOnce you’re in the air, your feet should be pointed towards the board and your body should be at a backward angle.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Start the rotation of the back flip.\", \"描述\": \"Extend your arms in a straight position overhead near your ears. Point your legs towards the diving board at an angle in the air so that they “chase” your head and arms. \\nRotate your arms behind your body quickly in a small half-circle. This action will increase the momentum of the rotation for your flip.\\nBend your legs into a tuck position and grab onto your shins once your arms have completed the half-circle movement.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Launch yourself to the come out position of the dive.\", \"描述\": \"Hold your tight tuck position briefly. Keep your eyes open. Look for the board and use it as your signal to come out of the somersault at the right time. \\nFold yourself out of the somersault/tuck position once you see the board. Aim your legs towards the water and slightly in front of you.\\nPunch your feet into the water at a slight angle so that your body finishes the rotation you started.\\nAs you enter the water, place your arms at the sides of your body.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Always have a spotter with you, to make sure you don't hit the board.\\n\", \"If you have successfully completed your back dive from off the side of the ladder but aren't quite ready to take the plunge from the diving board, go off the side of the pool in the deep end. That works easier for some people.\\n\", \"When you start to bend your back, try to watch the water. Keep your eyes open as you go in.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Never dive in water that is less than 8 feet (2.4 m) deep!\\n\", \"Back flops will happen. These may cause redness and pain on the surface of your back. However, if your neck or shoulder hurts, stop. You might have pulled a muscle.\\n\", \"Never dive off a board into water that is less than 12 feet (3.7 m) deep.\\n\", \"Don't fall straight down, but don't throw yourself way out. Try to go about 1 1⁄2 feet (0.5 m) away from the board.\\n\", \"Do not dive with goggles. The impact from the water can snap your goggles and it hurts badly.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,307 | How to Back Out of an Online Purchase | 1. Canceling Your Purchase on a Retail Website
1-1. Cancel online immediately.
Quickly navigate to the website. Then find the Manage Orders or Customer Service tab. In this section, you’ll be able to navigate to a list of your online purchases. Look for the specific purchase and cancel it. Remember, though, the quicker you cancel, the better your chances of not having to pay anything.
Some websites will require you to send a message to a customer service representative before they confirm cancellation. Be succinct and direct when you send your message.
1-2. Call customer service.
If you’re unable to cancel the purchase online, you’ll have to call customer service. When you speak to customer service, provide them with your order number and tell them you want to cancel it. They may be able to cancel immediately.
The customer service number is usually found under “contact” information toward the bottom of the website.
Be very polite. For example, say “please” and “thank you.”
If they say they can’t cancel the order, ask to speak with a supervisor.
1-3. Give a valid, specific reason.
Many companies will not let you cancel a purchase freely if you just changed your mind about a product. Thus, you need to provide a legitimate reason for why you no longer want the product. Some reasons may include:
The ad listing misrepresents the product.
You found a cheaper price.
The product is damaged or is not the exact product you ordered.
1-4. Write down the transaction or cancellation ID number.
If you are able to cancel your order, write down the confirmation number that the website or customer service representative gives you. This way, if there is an issue with the order in the future, you'll be able to reference your cancellation.
1-5. Verify you received a refund.
After your order is cancelled, you should receive a refund. This may take a few days, so you’ll have to check your bank account or credit card statement regularly. Remember:
Under (United States) law, if you paid with a debit card, cash, or check, your money must be refunded within seven work days. If you purchased with a credit card, your money must be refunded within a billing cycle.
2. Withdrawing from a Winning Auction Bid
2-1. Retract your bid.
Under certain circumstances, you may be allowed to back out of a winning auction bid without penalty. Retracting your bid may be as simple as hitting “cancel” or “rescind bid.” There are, however, other cases in which an online auction site may allow you to back out of a purchase, they include:
The seller materially changed the advertisement of the product.
The seller misrepresented the product.
You entered the wrong amount for your bid. This should be obvious. For instance, if the last bid was $200 and your winning bid was $2,000.
2-2. Speak with a representative of the auction site.
If you’re unable to retract your winning bid online, you should call the auction site directly. Inform them that you’d like to cancel your bid and cancel the purchase.
Scroll down to the "contact" tab on the webpage. It may be located toward the bottom of the page.
If you have a long history of using the online auction site, let them know you are a loyal customer.
Offer to pay a cancellation fee.
Be polite. Say things like “please” and “thank you.”
2-3. Contact the seller by email.
If the auction site is unwilling or unable to cancel the bid, you may need to contact the seller of the product directly. Although they are under no obligation to let you out of the sale, the person might be willing to cancel the purchase and relist their item.
They may want you to pay any fees associated with them relisting their item.
The seller may let you out of the sale if they think there weren't enough bidders and the price of their item did not go high enough. In addition, they could also profit if you volunteer to pay them for the trouble of relisting the item.
3. Knowing Your Rights
3-1. Read the company’s cancellation policy.
Most companies will post their cancellation policy or a link to it on the order page. As a result, before you cancel, you should read the cancellation policy.
Some companies require you to cancel an order within 30 minutes or an hour of placing it.
Some companies may allow you 24 hours to cancel an order.
Many companies will not allow you to cancel an order after it has shipped.
3-2. Pay a cancelation fee.
The company’s cancellation policy may stipulate that you must pay a cancellation fee. This fee is usually a flat rate, although it may be a percentage of the overall sale.
In the case that a product has already shipped, you may need to pay a fee and shipping cost of the product.
3-3. Talk to your credit card company.
If you used a credit card to make the purchase, you may simply be able to call them and cancel the purchase. Ultimately, this depends on the specific credit card company and their policies. For instance:
American Express has a very customer-oriented policy and will typically cancel a purchase at their cardholder’s request.
Most Visa, MasterCard, and Discover cards may not cancel a purchase unless it was somehow fraudulent.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:44",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Canceling Your Purchase on a Retail Website\\n1-1. Cancel online immediately.\\nQuickly navigate to the website. Then find the Manage Orders or Customer Service tab. In this section, you’ll be able to navigate to a list of your online purchases. Look for the specific purchase and cancel it. Remember, though, the quicker you cancel, the better your chances of not having to pay anything.\\nSome websites will require you to send a message to a customer service representative before they confirm cancellation. Be succinct and direct when you send your message.\\n1-2. Call customer service.\\nIf you’re unable to cancel the purchase online, you’ll have to call customer service. When you speak to customer service, provide them with your order number and tell them you want to cancel it. They may be able to cancel immediately.\\nThe customer service number is usually found under “contact” information toward the bottom of the website.\\nBe very polite. For example, say “please” and “thank you.”\\nIf they say they can’t cancel the order, ask to speak with a supervisor.\\n1-3. Give a valid, specific reason.\\nMany companies will not let you cancel a purchase freely if you just changed your mind about a product. Thus, you need to provide a legitimate reason for why you no longer want the product. Some reasons may include:\\nThe ad listing misrepresents the product.\\nYou found a cheaper price.\\nThe product is damaged or is not the exact product you ordered.\\n1-4. Write down the transaction or cancellation ID number.\\nIf you are able to cancel your order, write down the confirmation number that the website or customer service representative gives you. This way, if there is an issue with the order in the future, you'll be able to reference your cancellation.\\n1-5. Verify you received a refund.\\nAfter your order is cancelled, you should receive a refund. This may take a few days, so you’ll have to check your bank account or credit card statement regularly. Remember:\\nUnder (United States) law, if you paid with a debit card, cash, or check, your money must be refunded within seven work days. If you purchased with a credit card, your money must be refunded within a billing cycle.\\n2. Withdrawing from a Winning Auction Bid\\n2-1. Retract your bid.\\nUnder certain circumstances, you may be allowed to back out of a winning auction bid without penalty. Retracting your bid may be as simple as hitting “cancel” or “rescind bid.” There are, however, other cases in which an online auction site may allow you to back out of a purchase, they include:\\nThe seller materially changed the advertisement of the product.\\nThe seller misrepresented the product.\\nYou entered the wrong amount for your bid. This should be obvious. For instance, if the last bid was $200 and your winning bid was $2,000.\\n2-2. Speak with a representative of the auction site.\\nIf you’re unable to retract your winning bid online, you should call the auction site directly. Inform them that you’d like to cancel your bid and cancel the purchase.\\nScroll down to the \\\"contact\\\" tab on the webpage. It may be located toward the bottom of the page.\\nIf you have a long history of using the online auction site, let them know you are a loyal customer.\\nOffer to pay a cancellation fee.\\nBe polite. Say things like “please” and “thank you.”\\n2-3. Contact the seller by email.\\nIf the auction site is unwilling or unable to cancel the bid, you may need to contact the seller of the product directly. Although they are under no obligation to let you out of the sale, the person might be willing to cancel the purchase and relist their item.\\nThey may want you to pay any fees associated with them relisting their item.\\nThe seller may let you out of the sale if they think there weren't enough bidders and the price of their item did not go high enough. In addition, they could also profit if you volunteer to pay them for the trouble of relisting the item.\\n3. Knowing Your Rights\\n3-1. Read the company’s cancellation policy.\\nMost companies will post their cancellation policy or a link to it on the order page. As a result, before you cancel, you should read the cancellation policy.\\nSome companies require you to cancel an order within 30 minutes or an hour of placing it.\\nSome companies may allow you 24 hours to cancel an order.\\nMany companies will not allow you to cancel an order after it has shipped.\\n3-2. Pay a cancelation fee.\\nThe company’s cancellation policy may stipulate that you must pay a cancellation fee. This fee is usually a flat rate, although it may be a percentage of the overall sale.\\nIn the case that a product has already shipped, you may need to pay a fee and shipping cost of the product.\\n3-3. Talk to your credit card company.\\nIf you used a credit card to make the purchase, you may simply be able to call them and cancel the purchase. Ultimately, this depends on the specific credit card company and their policies. For instance:\\nAmerican Express has a very customer-oriented policy and will typically cancel a purchase at their cardholder’s request.\\nMost Visa, MasterCard, and Discover cards may not cancel a purchase unless it was somehow fraudulent.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Online shopping is probably a big part of your life. However, sometimes you might purchase items you don’t need or want. Online retailers or auction sites, however, might make it difficult for you to back out of the purchase. Fortunately, by quickly canceling the purchase and communicating with the seller, you may be able to back out of the purchase.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Canceling Your Purchase on a Retail Website\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Cancel online immediately.\", \"描述\": \"Quickly navigate to the website. Then find the Manage Orders or Customer Service tab. In this section, you’ll be able to navigate to a list of your online purchases. Look for the specific purchase and cancel it. Remember, though, the quicker you cancel, the better your chances of not having to pay anything.\\nSome websites will require you to send a message to a customer service representative before they confirm cancellation. Be succinct and direct when you send your message.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Call customer service.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re unable to cancel the purchase online, you’ll have to call customer service. When you speak to customer service, provide them with your order number and tell them you want to cancel it. They may be able to cancel immediately.\\nThe customer service number is usually found under “contact” information toward the bottom of the website.\\nBe very polite. For example, say “please” and “thank you.”\\nIf they say they can’t cancel the order, ask to speak with a supervisor.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Give a valid, specific reason.\", \"描述\": \"Many companies will not let you cancel a purchase freely if you just changed your mind about a product. Thus, you need to provide a legitimate reason for why you no longer want the product. Some reasons may include:\\nThe ad listing misrepresents the product.\\nYou found a cheaper price.\\nThe product is damaged or is not the exact product you ordered.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Write down the transaction or cancellation ID number.\", \"描述\": \"If you are able to cancel your order, write down the confirmation number that the website or customer service representative gives you. This way, if there is an issue with the order in the future, you'll be able to reference your cancellation.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Verify you received a refund.\", \"描述\": \"After your order is cancelled, you should receive a refund. This may take a few days, so you’ll have to check your bank account or credit card statement regularly. Remember:\\nUnder (United States) law, if you paid with a debit card, cash, or check, your money must be refunded within seven work days. If you purchased with a credit card, your money must be refunded within a billing cycle.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Withdrawing from a Winning Auction Bid\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Retract your bid.\", \"描述\": \"Under certain circumstances, you may be allowed to back out of a winning auction bid without penalty. Retracting your bid may be as simple as hitting “cancel” or “rescind bid.” There are, however, other cases in which an online auction site may allow you to back out of a purchase, they include:\\nThe seller materially changed the advertisement of the product.\\nThe seller misrepresented the product.\\nYou entered the wrong amount for your bid. This should be obvious. For instance, if the last bid was $200 and your winning bid was $2,000.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Speak with a representative of the auction site.\", \"描述\": \"If you’re unable to retract your winning bid online, you should call the auction site directly. Inform them that you’d like to cancel your bid and cancel the purchase.\\nScroll down to the \\\"contact\\\" tab on the webpage. It may be located toward the bottom of the page.\\nIf you have a long history of using the online auction site, let them know you are a loyal customer.\\nOffer to pay a cancellation fee.\\nBe polite. Say things like “please” and “thank you.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Contact the seller by email.\", \"描述\": \"If the auction site is unwilling or unable to cancel the bid, you may need to contact the seller of the product directly. Although they are under no obligation to let you out of the sale, the person might be willing to cancel the purchase and relist their item.\\nThey may want you to pay any fees associated with them relisting their item.\\nThe seller may let you out of the sale if they think there weren't enough bidders and the price of their item did not go high enough. In addition, they could also profit if you volunteer to pay them for the trouble of relisting the item.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Knowing Your Rights\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Read the company’s cancellation policy.\", \"描述\": \"Most companies will post their cancellation policy or a link to it on the order page. As a result, before you cancel, you should read the cancellation policy.\\nSome companies require you to cancel an order within 30 minutes or an hour of placing it.\\nSome companies may allow you 24 hours to cancel an order.\\nMany companies will not allow you to cancel an order after it has shipped.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Pay a cancelation fee.\", \"描述\": \"The company’s cancellation policy may stipulate that you must pay a cancellation fee. This fee is usually a flat rate, although it may be a percentage of the overall sale.\\nIn the case that a product has already shipped, you may need to pay a fee and shipping cost of the product.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Talk to your credit card company.\", \"描述\": \"If you used a credit card to make the purchase, you may simply be able to call them and cancel the purchase. Ultimately, this depends on the specific credit card company and their policies. For instance:\\nAmerican Express has a very customer-oriented policy and will typically cancel a purchase at their cardholder’s request.\\nMost Visa, MasterCard, and Discover cards may not cancel a purchase unless it was somehow fraudulent.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,308 | How to Back Up Camera Roll in Snapchat | 1. Android
1-1. Open Snapchat on your phone or tablet.
It's the yellow icon with a white ghost inside. Snapchat will open to your camera screen.
1-2. Tap the Memories icon.
It's the two overlapping images at the bottom of the screen, just left of the shutter button.
1-3. Tap Camera Roll.
This tab is at the top of the Memories screen. Although you can see your camera roll in Snapchat, you'll notice that there's a message at the top that says "Your Camera Roll isn't backed up by Snapchat."
1-4. Tap and hold the image(es) you want to back up to Snapchat Memories.
After tapping and holding one image, a menu will expand at the bottom, and a checkmark will appear on the image thumbnail. If you want to back up more than one image, tap other image thumbnails to add checkmarks.
1-5. Tap the Export icon .
It's the sideways "V" with three dots at the bottom of the screen.
1-6. Tap the Snapchat icon on the menu.
This displays the selected image(s) as though you're going to post a Story. But don't worry—you won't have to share the images publicly!
1-7. Tap Save.
It's at the bottom of the image.
1-8. Select Save to Memories.
Since the images are already saved to your camera roll, you'll only want to save them to Memories now. This backs up the selected photo(s) to the Snaps folder in your Memories.
Tap the at the top to minimize the image.
1-9. Tap the Snaps tab to see your backed-up images.
It's at the upper-left corner. All images in this folder are automatically backed up to Snapchat. Even if you delete and reinstall Snapchat, the images will remain in this folder.
2. iPhone or iPad
2-1. Open Snapchat on your phone or tablet.
It's the yellow icon with a white ghost inside. Snapchat will open to your camera screen.
2-2. Tap the Memories icon.
It's the two overlapping images at the bottom of the screen, just left of the shutter button.
2-3. Tap Camera Roll.
This tab is at the top of the Memories screen. Although you can see your camera roll in Snapchat, you'll notice that there's a message at the top that says "Your Camera Roll isn't backed up by Snapchat."
2-4. Tap and hold the image(s) you want to back up.
After tapping and holding one image, a menu will expand at the bottom, and a checkmark will appear on the thumbnail. If you want to back up more than one image, tap other image thumbnails to add checkmarks.
2-5. Tap More.
It's the three horizontal dots at the bottom of the screen.
2-6. Tap Create Story.
Don't worry, you won't actually have to share the images to your Story—this is just a trick to back them up to your Snaps folder.
2-7. Tap the Save Story button at the bottom.
It's below the list of photos you selected. If it's hidden by your keyboard, just swipe up on the images to close the keyboard. When the "Save Story" button disappears, the images will be saved to the Snaps folder in your Memories.
Tap the down-arrow at the top-left to minimize the images.
2-8. Tap the Snaps tab to see your backed-up images.
It's at the upper-left corner. All images in this folder are automatically backed up to Snapchat. Even if you delete and reinstall Snapchat, the images will remain in this folder.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:44",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Android\\n1-1. Open Snapchat on your phone or tablet.\\nIt's the yellow icon with a white ghost inside. Snapchat will open to your camera screen.\\n1-2. Tap the Memories icon.\\nIt's the two overlapping images at the bottom of the screen, just left of the shutter button.\\n1-3. Tap Camera Roll.\\nThis tab is at the top of the Memories screen. Although you can see your camera roll in Snapchat, you'll notice that there's a message at the top that says \\\"Your Camera Roll isn't backed up by Snapchat.\\\"\\n1-4. Tap and hold the image(es) you want to back up to Snapchat Memories.\\nAfter tapping and holding one image, a menu will expand at the bottom, and a checkmark will appear on the image thumbnail. If you want to back up more than one image, tap other image thumbnails to add checkmarks.\\n1-5. Tap the Export icon .\\nIt's the sideways \\\"V\\\" with three dots at the bottom of the screen.\\n1-6. Tap the Snapchat icon on the menu.\\nThis displays the selected image(s) as though you're going to post a Story. But don't worry—you won't have to share the images publicly!\\n1-7. Tap Save.\\nIt's at the bottom of the image.\\n1-8. Select Save to Memories.\\nSince the images are already saved to your camera roll, you'll only want to save them to Memories now. This backs up the selected photo(s) to the Snaps folder in your Memories.\\nTap the at the top to minimize the image.\\n1-9. Tap the Snaps tab to see your backed-up images.\\nIt's at the upper-left corner. All images in this folder are automatically backed up to Snapchat. Even if you delete and reinstall Snapchat, the images will remain in this folder.\\n2. iPhone or iPad\\n2-1. Open Snapchat on your phone or tablet.\\nIt's the yellow icon with a white ghost inside. Snapchat will open to your camera screen.\\n2-2. Tap the Memories icon.\\nIt's the two overlapping images at the bottom of the screen, just left of the shutter button.\\n2-3. Tap Camera Roll.\\nThis tab is at the top of the Memories screen. Although you can see your camera roll in Snapchat, you'll notice that there's a message at the top that says \\\"Your Camera Roll isn't backed up by Snapchat.\\\"\\n2-4. Tap and hold the image(s) you want to back up.\\nAfter tapping and holding one image, a menu will expand at the bottom, and a checkmark will appear on the thumbnail. If you want to back up more than one image, tap other image thumbnails to add checkmarks.\\n2-5. Tap More.\\nIt's the three horizontal dots at the bottom of the screen.\\n2-6. Tap Create Story.\\nDon't worry, you won't actually have to share the images to your Story—this is just a trick to back them up to your Snaps folder.\\n2-7. Tap the Save Story button at the bottom.\\nIt's below the list of photos you selected. If it's hidden by your keyboard, just swipe up on the images to close the keyboard. When the \\\"Save Story\\\" button disappears, the images will be saved to the Snaps folder in your Memories.\\nTap the down-arrow at the top-left to minimize the images.\\n2-8. Tap the Snaps tab to see your backed-up images.\\nIt's at the upper-left corner. All images in this folder are automatically backed up to Snapchat. Even if you delete and reinstall Snapchat, the images will remain in this folder.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to back up photos from your camera roll to your Snapchat Memories. Snapchat automatically backs up all photos saved to the Snaps folder in your Memories. To add images from your camera roll to this backed-up folder, you can export them as a Story, and then save the Story instead of sharing it on Snapchat. This is pretty easy to do on any Android, iPhone, or iPad, but the options can kind of tricky to find. Once you know where to find them, backing up your camera roll photos to Snapchat is a piece of cake!\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Android\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Snapchat on your phone or tablet.\", \"描述\": \"It's the yellow icon with a white ghost inside. Snapchat will open to your camera screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap the Memories icon.\", \"描述\": \"It's the two overlapping images at the bottom of the screen, just left of the shutter button.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap Camera Roll.\", \"描述\": \"This tab is at the top of the Memories screen. Although you can see your camera roll in Snapchat, you'll notice that there's a message at the top that says \\\"Your Camera Roll isn't backed up by Snapchat.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tap and hold the image(es) you want to back up to Snapchat Memories.\", \"描述\": \"After tapping and holding one image, a menu will expand at the bottom, and a checkmark will appear on the image thumbnail. If you want to back up more than one image, tap other image thumbnails to add checkmarks.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tap the Export icon .\", \"描述\": \"It's the sideways \\\"V\\\" with three dots at the bottom of the screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tap the Snapchat icon on the menu.\", \"描述\": \"This displays the selected image(s) as though you're going to post a Story. But don't worry—you won't have to share the images publicly!\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Tap Save.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the bottom of the image.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Select Save to Memories.\", \"描述\": \"Since the images are already saved to your camera roll, you'll only want to save them to Memories now. This backs up the selected photo(s) to the Snaps folder in your Memories.\\nTap the at the top to minimize the image.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Tap the Snaps tab to see your backed-up images.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the upper-left corner. All images in this folder are automatically backed up to Snapchat. Even if you delete and reinstall Snapchat, the images will remain in this folder.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"iPhone or iPad\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Snapchat on your phone or tablet.\", \"描述\": \"It's the yellow icon with a white ghost inside. Snapchat will open to your camera screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap the Memories icon.\", \"描述\": \"It's the two overlapping images at the bottom of the screen, just left of the shutter button.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap Camera Roll.\", \"描述\": \"This tab is at the top of the Memories screen. Although you can see your camera roll in Snapchat, you'll notice that there's a message at the top that says \\\"Your Camera Roll isn't backed up by Snapchat.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Tap and hold the image(s) you want to back up.\", \"描述\": \"After tapping and holding one image, a menu will expand at the bottom, and a checkmark will appear on the thumbnail. If you want to back up more than one image, tap other image thumbnails to add checkmarks.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tap More.\", \"描述\": \"It's the three horizontal dots at the bottom of the screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Tap Create Story.\", \"描述\": \"Don't worry, you won't actually have to share the images to your Story—this is just a trick to back them up to your Snaps folder.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Tap the Save Story button at the bottom.\", \"描述\": \"It's below the list of photos you selected. If it's hidden by your keyboard, just swipe up on the images to close the keyboard. When the \\\"Save Story\\\" button disappears, the images will be saved to the Snaps folder in your Memories.\\nTap the down-arrow at the top-left to minimize the images.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Tap the Snaps tab to see your backed-up images.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the upper-left corner. All images in this folder are automatically backed up to Snapchat. Even if you delete and reinstall Snapchat, the images will remain in this folder.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,309 | How to Back Up Data | 1. Android (Google)
1-1. Open your Android's Settings.
It's the gray gear icon on your home screen or in the app list. All Android users have at least 15 GB of free Google Drive storage. If this isn't enough for you to back up your Android's data, you can upgrade to a Google One plan at https://one.google.com/about.
Use this method to back up the following data to your Google Drive: Contacts, Google Calendar events, SMS texts, Wi-Fi networks and passwords, wallpapers, Gmail settings, apps, display settings, language settings, and other app and data settings.
If you want to back up your photos, you'll need to use the Google Photos app.
1-2. Tap System.
You may have to scroll down to find it.
Because all Android manufacturers release slightly different versions of their Settings apps, you may have to do a little digging for the right location.
If you have a Samsung Galaxy model, tap instead.
1-3. Tap Backup or Backup and restore.
If you don't see a "Backup" option, try searching your Settings app for the word "backup."
1-4. Toggle the "Backup to Google Drive" switch to On .
This tells your Android to automatically keep your data backed up to your Google Drive.
If you don't see this option, you may have to tap first.
You may be prompted to confirm your Google password to before your backup begins.
1-5. Tap Back up now to run a manual backup (optional).
It'll be near the top of the menu (although you may have to tap first on some Samsung Galaxy models). You can do this at any time to create an instant backup of your data to Google Drive.
1-6. Enable Automatic Restore (optional).
If you want to automatically restore backed up app data and settings when reinstalling an app, toggle on the "Automatic restore" switch.
2. iPhone or iPad (iCloud)
2-1. Open your iPhone's Settings .
It's the gray gear icon on your home screen or in your app library.
Use this method to back the data on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch to your iCloud account. This ensures that your backed-up data stays in the cloud and is accessible anywhere you sign in.
Backups will happen automatically when your iPhone or iPad is connected to power, locked, and has a wireless internet connection.
2-2. Tap your name at the top of the Settings menu.
2-3. Tap iCloud.
It's the blue-and-white cloud icon.
2-4. Choose which data to back up.
Under the "APPS USING ICLOUD" header, you'll see a list of apps with corresponding switches. If an app's switch is green (on), is synced to iCloud. Use the switches to toggle data backup for that app off or on.
To back up your photos to iCloud, tap 'Photos at the top of the app list, and toggle "iCloud Photos" to the on position.
Your iCloud account comes with 5 GB of storage. If you need more space for backups, you can upgrade by tapping near the top of the menu, and then selecting .
2-5. Scroll down and tap iCloud Backup.
It's the green-and-white curved arrow icon toward the bottom of the menu.
2-6. Slide the "iCloud Backup" switch to On .
As long as this switch is on, the data you selected will be backed up automatically once per day.
If you get a new iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch, you can restore your backed-up data during the setup process.
To make a manual backup, tap .
3. iPhone or iPad (Finder or iTunes)
3-1. Connect your iPhone to your computer.
Use the cable that came with your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch (or one that is compatible).
3-2. Open iTunes (Windows) or Finder (macOS).
If you're using macOS Catalina or later, click the two-toned smiley face on the Dock to open Finder. If you have an earlier version of macOS or Windows, open iTunes.
If prompted to update iTunes, follow the on-screen instructions to do so.
3-3. Click your iPhone's or iPad's name or icon.
Your phone, tablet, or iPod's name will appear in the left panel in Finder. iTunes users should click the phone icon in the upper-left area of iTunes.
3-4. Decide whether to encrypt your backup.
If you want to require a password to restore from your backup, check the box next to "Encrypt local backup" in the "Backups" section. This is optional unless you want to back up your health and activity data from a synced Apple Watch.
If you encrypt the backup, click to create a new password.
3-5. Click the Back Up Now button.
It's under "Manually Back Up and Restore" in the "Backups" panel. Once your backup is complete, the date of the backup will appear under "Latest Backup."
3-6. Click the blue Done button.
It's in the bottom-right corner of the window. You'll be asked if you want to apply your changes.
3-7. Click Apply.
Your data is now backed up. If you need to restore from your backup at any point, return to iTunes or Finder and click .
4. Windows (External Drive)
4-1. Connect an external hard drive to your Windows computer.
You can do this by using one of your computer's USB ports. In order to back up your Windows computer, you will need an external hard drive on which to store the backup.
Your external hard drive must be formatted for use with a PC for this to work. You can also use a high-capacity flash drive for this step.
This method ensures that files in your Documents, Music, Pictures, Videos, Desktop, and OneDrive folders are all backed up to your external hard drive. If you want other files to be backed up, drag them to one of these folders.
4-2. Open your Windows Settings .
You can do this by opening the Windows menu and then clicking the gear icon in the lower-left side of the menu.
4-3. Click Update & Security .
You'll find this option in the Settings window.
4-4. Click the Backup tab.
It's in the upper-left side of the Update & Security page.
4-5. Click + Add a drive.
It's under the "Back up using File History" header.
4-6. Select your external drive.
This will set it as your computer's backup drive.
4-7. Click More options.
It's the link below the "On" switch under "Back up using File History."
4-8. Click Back up now.
This option is in the upper-left side of the page. This prompts Windows to assemble the backup and begin loading it onto your external drive.
You may have to click a couple of times before your drive will begin backing up.
You'll see a "Backup completed" notification in the bottom-right corner of your screen once the backup finishes, at which point you can eject and remove the external hard drive.
5. Windows (OneDrive)
5-1. Click the OneDrive icon in the notification area.
This white cloud icon is on the part of the taskbar that contains the time. If you don't see it, click the up-arrow (^) left of the clock to expand additional icons.
If you're not signed in to OneDrive, the cloud icon is gray. Click the button and log in with your Microsoft account details to continue.
If you don't subscribe to Microsoft 365, you have 5 GB of available backup space on OneDrive. If you do subscribe, you can store up to 1 TB of backed-up data on OneDrive.
5-2. Click the More icon.
It's the three horizontal dots at the bottom-right corner of the OneDrive menu. A menu will expand.
5-3. Click Settings on the menu.
This opens the Microsoft OneDrive window.
5-4. Click the Backup tab.
It's at the top of the Microsoft OneDrive window.
5-5. Click the Manage Backup button.
It's at the top of the tab.
5-6. Select the folders you want to back up.
You can back up the files in the , , and folders so you don't lose any important data.
When you select a folder to back up, the circle at its top-right corner will fill in with a checkmark.
If you want to back up other files, move them to one of these folders.
5-7. Click the Start backup button.
It's at the bottom-right corner of the window. The selected folders will now sync to OneDrive. You can watch the progress bar or close the window—the files will continue to back up in the background.
You can access your backed-up data anywhere you sign in to OneDrive, including on the web at https://onedrive.com.
To manage your backup settings, click the OneDrive icon in the notification area, and navigate to > > > .
6. macOS (Time Machine)
6-1. Connect an external hard drive to your Mac.
You can do this by using one of your computer's USB-C, Thunderbolt, or FireWire ports.
Your external hard drive must be formatted for use with a Mac for this to work.
You can also use a high-capacity flash drive for this step.
6-2. Open the Apple menu .
It's at the top-left corner of the screen.
6-3. Click System Preferences… on the menu.
6-4. Click Time Machine.
It's the green clock dial icon.
6-5. Check the box next to "Back Up Automatically."
This ensures that you'll always have the latest backups without having to remember to perform them manually.
If you do want to create manual backups instead, leave this box unchecked.
6-6. Click Select Backup Disk….
It's near the top of the window.
6-7. Select your external drive.
Click your external drive's name in the window.
If you want to encrypt your backup so that a password is needed to restore the files, check the box next to "Encrypt backups."
6-8. Click Use Disk.
It's at the bottom of the window. This sets the external drive as your Mac's backup drive. If you set up automatic backups, your first backup will begin.
If the drive is not formatted, you'll be prompted to format it first. This will erase all of the data on the drive.
When the backup is complete, you'll see a "Time Machine has finished..." message. At that point, you can eject and remove the external hard drive.
6-9. Create a manual backup.
If you didn't set up automatic backups, you can create a manual backup now:
Click the Time Machine icon, which is the clock dial in the menu bar in the upper-right area of the screen.
Click on the menu.
When the backup is complete, you'll see a "Time Machine has finished..." message. At that point, you can eject and remove the external hard drive.
7. macOS (iCloud Drive)
7-1. Click the Apple menu .
It's at the top-left corner of the screen.
Use this method to back up data, such as your documents and images, to your iCloud account. This ensures that your backed-up data stays in the cloud and is accessible anywhere you sign in.
7-2. Click System Preferences on the menu.
7-3. Click Apple ID.
It's the gray Apple icon near the top-right corner of the window.
7-4. Click iCloud.
It's the blue cloud icon in the left panel.
If prompted, enter your Apple ID login and password to sign in.
7-5. Check the box next to "iCloud Drive" if it's not already selected.
It's the first option in the right panel.
7-6. Click the Options button next to "iCloud Drive."
It's at the top of the right panel.
7-7. Check the box next to "Desktop & Documents Folders."
It's at the top of the list.
7-8. Choose which files to back up.
If a green-and-white checkmark appears next to any of the app names below the Desktop & Document Folders header, files created with those apps will be backed up to iCloud. You can remove the checkmarks from any apps that you don't want to back up.
7-9. Click the Done button.
It's at the bottom-right corner of the window.
7-10. Select additional apps to back up.
Other apps that use iCloud appear in the list under iCloud Drive. Any of the options with blue-and-white checkmarks are already backing up to iCloud. You can toggle these options on and off as needed.
If you want to save hard drive space on your Mac, you can check the box next to "Optimize Mac Storage" below the iCloud app list. This makes it so that if you get low on disk space, older files will be moved off your Mac and saved to iCloud Drive until you need them.
You can access your backed-up files on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch using the Files app, as well as on the web at https://www.icloud.com.
Tips
You can create a disc image of your hard drive that serves as a backup of all of your files, settings, and so on. This image can be burned onto a disc or series of discs to create a recovery disc should your computer crash.
If you don't have an external hard drive and you only need to back up a few things, try using Google Drive or Dropbox to store your items.
Warnings
Don't put all of your faith in scheduled backups. You should manually back up your information at least once a week for a personal or work computer.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:45",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Android (Google)\\n1-1. Open your Android's Settings.\\nIt's the gray gear icon on your home screen or in the app list. All Android users have at least 15 GB of free Google Drive storage. If this isn't enough for you to back up your Android's data, you can upgrade to a Google One plan at https://one.google.com/about.\\nUse this method to back up the following data to your Google Drive: Contacts, Google Calendar events, SMS texts, Wi-Fi networks and passwords, wallpapers, Gmail settings, apps, display settings, language settings, and other app and data settings.\\nIf you want to back up your photos, you'll need to use the Google Photos app.\\n1-2. Tap System.\\nYou may have to scroll down to find it.\\nBecause all Android manufacturers release slightly different versions of their Settings apps, you may have to do a little digging for the right location.\\nIf you have a Samsung Galaxy model, tap instead.\\n1-3. Tap Backup or Backup and restore.\\nIf you don't see a \\\"Backup\\\" option, try searching your Settings app for the word \\\"backup.\\\"\\n1-4. Toggle the \\\"Backup to Google Drive\\\" switch to On .\\nThis tells your Android to automatically keep your data backed up to your Google Drive.\\nIf you don't see this option, you may have to tap first.\\nYou may be prompted to confirm your Google password to before your backup begins.\\n1-5. Tap Back up now to run a manual backup (optional).\\nIt'll be near the top of the menu (although you may have to tap first on some Samsung Galaxy models). You can do this at any time to create an instant backup of your data to Google Drive.\\n1-6. Enable Automatic Restore (optional).\\nIf you want to automatically restore backed up app data and settings when reinstalling an app, toggle on the \\\"Automatic restore\\\" switch.\\n2. iPhone or iPad (iCloud)\\n2-1. Open your iPhone's Settings .\\nIt's the gray gear icon on your home screen or in your app library.\\nUse this method to back the data on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch to your iCloud account. This ensures that your backed-up data stays in the cloud and is accessible anywhere you sign in.\\nBackups will happen automatically when your iPhone or iPad is connected to power, locked, and has a wireless internet connection.\\n2-2. Tap your name at the top of the Settings menu.\\n\\n2-3. Tap iCloud.\\nIt's the blue-and-white cloud icon.\\n2-4. Choose which data to back up.\\nUnder the \\\"APPS USING ICLOUD\\\" header, you'll see a list of apps with corresponding switches. If an app's switch is green (on), is synced to iCloud. Use the switches to toggle data backup for that app off or on.\\nTo back up your photos to iCloud, tap 'Photos at the top of the app list, and toggle \\\"iCloud Photos\\\" to the on position.\\nYour iCloud account comes with 5 GB of storage. If you need more space for backups, you can upgrade by tapping near the top of the menu, and then selecting .\\n2-5. Scroll down and tap iCloud Backup.\\nIt's the green-and-white curved arrow icon toward the bottom of the menu.\\n2-6. Slide the \\\"iCloud Backup\\\" switch to On .\\nAs long as this switch is on, the data you selected will be backed up automatically once per day.\\nIf you get a new iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch, you can restore your backed-up data during the setup process.\\nTo make a manual backup, tap .\\n3. iPhone or iPad (Finder or iTunes)\\n3-1. Connect your iPhone to your computer.\\nUse the cable that came with your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch (or one that is compatible).\\n3-2. Open iTunes (Windows) or Finder (macOS).\\nIf you're using macOS Catalina or later, click the two-toned smiley face on the Dock to open Finder. If you have an earlier version of macOS or Windows, open iTunes.\\nIf prompted to update iTunes, follow the on-screen instructions to do so.\\n3-3. Click your iPhone's or iPad's name or icon.\\nYour phone, tablet, or iPod's name will appear in the left panel in Finder. iTunes users should click the phone icon in the upper-left area of iTunes.\\n3-4. Decide whether to encrypt your backup.\\nIf you want to require a password to restore from your backup, check the box next to \\\"Encrypt local backup\\\" in the \\\"Backups\\\" section. This is optional unless you want to back up your health and activity data from a synced Apple Watch.\\nIf you encrypt the backup, click to create a new password.\\n3-5. Click the Back Up Now button.\\nIt's under \\\"Manually Back Up and Restore\\\" in the \\\"Backups\\\" panel. Once your backup is complete, the date of the backup will appear under \\\"Latest Backup.\\\"\\n3-6. Click the blue Done button.\\nIt's in the bottom-right corner of the window. You'll be asked if you want to apply your changes.\\n3-7. Click Apply.\\nYour data is now backed up. If you need to restore from your backup at any point, return to iTunes or Finder and click .\\n4. Windows (External Drive)\\n4-1. Connect an external hard drive to your Windows computer.\\nYou can do this by using one of your computer's USB ports. In order to back up your Windows computer, you will need an external hard drive on which to store the backup.\\nYour external hard drive must be formatted for use with a PC for this to work. You can also use a high-capacity flash drive for this step.\\nThis method ensures that files in your Documents, Music, Pictures, Videos, Desktop, and OneDrive folders are all backed up to your external hard drive. If you want other files to be backed up, drag them to one of these folders.\\n4-2. Open your Windows Settings .\\nYou can do this by opening the Windows menu and then clicking the gear icon in the lower-left side of the menu.\\n4-3. Click Update & Security .\\nYou'll find this option in the Settings window.\\n4-4. Click the Backup tab.\\nIt's in the upper-left side of the Update & Security page.\\n4-5. Click + Add a drive.\\nIt's under the \\\"Back up using File History\\\" header.\\n4-6. Select your external drive.\\nThis will set it as your computer's backup drive.\\n4-7. Click More options.\\nIt's the link below the \\\"On\\\" switch under \\\"Back up using File History.\\\"\\n4-8. Click Back up now.\\nThis option is in the upper-left side of the page. This prompts Windows to assemble the backup and begin loading it onto your external drive.\\nYou may have to click a couple of times before your drive will begin backing up.\\nYou'll see a \\\"Backup completed\\\" notification in the bottom-right corner of your screen once the backup finishes, at which point you can eject and remove the external hard drive.\\n5. Windows (OneDrive)\\n5-1. Click the OneDrive icon in the notification area.\\nThis white cloud icon is on the part of the taskbar that contains the time. If you don't see it, click the up-arrow (^) left of the clock to expand additional icons.\\nIf you're not signed in to OneDrive, the cloud icon is gray. Click the button and log in with your Microsoft account details to continue.\\nIf you don't subscribe to Microsoft 365, you have 5 GB of available backup space on OneDrive. If you do subscribe, you can store up to 1 TB of backed-up data on OneDrive.\\n5-2. Click the More icon.\\nIt's the three horizontal dots at the bottom-right corner of the OneDrive menu. A menu will expand.\\n5-3. Click Settings on the menu.\\nThis opens the Microsoft OneDrive window.\\n5-4. Click the Backup tab.\\nIt's at the top of the Microsoft OneDrive window.\\n5-5. Click the Manage Backup button.\\nIt's at the top of the tab.\\n5-6. Select the folders you want to back up.\\nYou can back up the files in the , , and folders so you don't lose any important data.\\nWhen you select a folder to back up, the circle at its top-right corner will fill in with a checkmark.\\nIf you want to back up other files, move them to one of these folders.\\n5-7. Click the Start backup button.\\nIt's at the bottom-right corner of the window. The selected folders will now sync to OneDrive. You can watch the progress bar or close the window—the files will continue to back up in the background.\\nYou can access your backed-up data anywhere you sign in to OneDrive, including on the web at https://onedrive.com.\\nTo manage your backup settings, click the OneDrive icon in the notification area, and navigate to > > > .\\n6. macOS (Time Machine)\\n6-1. Connect an external hard drive to your Mac.\\nYou can do this by using one of your computer's USB-C, Thunderbolt, or FireWire ports.\\nYour external hard drive must be formatted for use with a Mac for this to work.\\nYou can also use a high-capacity flash drive for this step.\\n6-2. Open the Apple menu .\\nIt's at the top-left corner of the screen.\\n6-3. Click System Preferences… on the menu.\\n\\n6-4. Click Time Machine.\\nIt's the green clock dial icon.\\n6-5. Check the box next to \\\"Back Up Automatically.\\\"\\nThis ensures that you'll always have the latest backups without having to remember to perform them manually.\\nIf you do want to create manual backups instead, leave this box unchecked.\\n6-6. Click Select Backup Disk….\\nIt's near the top of the window.\\n6-7. Select your external drive.\\nClick your external drive's name in the window.\\nIf you want to encrypt your backup so that a password is needed to restore the files, check the box next to \\\"Encrypt backups.\\\"\\n6-8. Click Use Disk.\\nIt's at the bottom of the window. This sets the external drive as your Mac's backup drive. If you set up automatic backups, your first backup will begin.\\nIf the drive is not formatted, you'll be prompted to format it first. This will erase all of the data on the drive.\\nWhen the backup is complete, you'll see a \\\"Time Machine has finished...\\\" message. At that point, you can eject and remove the external hard drive.\\n6-9. Create a manual backup.\\nIf you didn't set up automatic backups, you can create a manual backup now: \\nClick the Time Machine icon, which is the clock dial in the menu bar in the upper-right area of the screen.\\nClick on the menu.\\nWhen the backup is complete, you'll see a \\\"Time Machine has finished...\\\" message. At that point, you can eject and remove the external hard drive.\\n7. macOS (iCloud Drive)\\n7-1. Click the Apple menu .\\nIt's at the top-left corner of the screen. \\nUse this method to back up data, such as your documents and images, to your iCloud account. This ensures that your backed-up data stays in the cloud and is accessible anywhere you sign in.\\n7-2. Click System Preferences on the menu.\\n\\n7-3. Click Apple ID.\\nIt's the gray Apple icon near the top-right corner of the window.\\n7-4. Click iCloud.\\nIt's the blue cloud icon in the left panel.\\nIf prompted, enter your Apple ID login and password to sign in.\\n7-5. Check the box next to \\\"iCloud Drive\\\" if it's not already selected.\\nIt's the first option in the right panel.\\n7-6. Click the Options button next to \\\"iCloud Drive.\\\"\\nIt's at the top of the right panel.\\n7-7. Check the box next to \\\"Desktop & Documents Folders.\\\"\\nIt's at the top of the list.\\n7-8. Choose which files to back up.\\nIf a green-and-white checkmark appears next to any of the app names below the Desktop & Document Folders header, files created with those apps will be backed up to iCloud. You can remove the checkmarks from any apps that you don't want to back up.\\n7-9. Click the Done button.\\nIt's at the bottom-right corner of the window.\\n7-10. Select additional apps to back up.\\nOther apps that use iCloud appear in the list under iCloud Drive. Any of the options with blue-and-white checkmarks are already backing up to iCloud. You can toggle these options on and off as needed.\\nIf you want to save hard drive space on your Mac, you can check the box next to \\\"Optimize Mac Storage\\\" below the iCloud app list. This makes it so that if you get low on disk space, older files will be moved off your Mac and saved to iCloud Drive until you need them.\\nYou can access your backed-up files on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch using the Files app, as well as on the web at https://www.icloud.com.\\nTips\\nYou can create a disc image of your hard drive that serves as a backup of all of your files, settings, and so on. This image can be burned onto a disc or series of discs to create a recovery disc should your computer crash.\\nIf you don't have an external hard drive and you only need to back up a few things, try using Google Drive or Dropbox to store your items.\\nWarnings\\nDon't put all of your faith in scheduled backups. You should manually back up your information at least once a week for a personal or work computer.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to back up the data on your computer, phone, or tablet. Backing up your data creates a copy of your files on an external drive or in the cloud. You can recover your backed-up files and data later if your computer, phone, or tablet is damaged or erased.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Android (Google)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your Android's Settings.\", \"描述\": \"It's the gray gear icon on your home screen or in the app list. All Android users have at least 15 GB of free Google Drive storage. If this isn't enough for you to back up your Android's data, you can upgrade to a Google One plan at https://one.google.com/about.\\nUse this method to back up the following data to your Google Drive: Contacts, Google Calendar events, SMS texts, Wi-Fi networks and passwords, wallpapers, Gmail settings, apps, display settings, language settings, and other app and data settings.\\nIf you want to back up your photos, you'll need to use the Google Photos app.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap System.\", \"描述\": \"You may have to scroll down to find it.\\nBecause all Android manufacturers release slightly different versions of their Settings apps, you may have to do a little digging for the right location.\\nIf you have a Samsung Galaxy model, tap instead.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap Backup or Backup and restore.\", \"描述\": \"If you don't see a \\\"Backup\\\" option, try searching your Settings app for the word \\\"backup.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Toggle the \\\"Backup to Google Drive\\\" switch to On .\", \"描述\": \"This tells your Android to automatically keep your data backed up to your Google Drive.\\nIf you don't see this option, you may have to tap first.\\nYou may be prompted to confirm your Google password to before your backup begins.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Tap Back up now to run a manual backup (optional).\", \"描述\": \"It'll be near the top of the menu (although you may have to tap first on some Samsung Galaxy models). You can do this at any time to create an instant backup of your data to Google Drive.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Enable Automatic Restore (optional).\", \"描述\": \"If you want to automatically restore backed up app data and settings when reinstalling an app, toggle on the \\\"Automatic restore\\\" switch.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"iPhone or iPad (iCloud)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open your iPhone's Settings .\", \"描述\": \"It's the gray gear icon on your home screen or in your app library.\\nUse this method to back the data on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch to your iCloud account. This ensures that your backed-up data stays in the cloud and is accessible anywhere you sign in.\\nBackups will happen automatically when your iPhone or iPad is connected to power, locked, and has a wireless internet connection.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Tap your name at the top of the Settings menu.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Tap iCloud.\", \"描述\": \"It's the blue-and-white cloud icon.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Choose which data to back up.\", \"描述\": \"Under the \\\"APPS USING ICLOUD\\\" header, you'll see a list of apps with corresponding switches. If an app's switch is green (on), is synced to iCloud. Use the switches to toggle data backup for that app off or on.\\nTo back up your photos to iCloud, tap 'Photos at the top of the app list, and toggle \\\"iCloud Photos\\\" to the on position.\\nYour iCloud account comes with 5 GB of storage. If you need more space for backups, you can upgrade by tapping near the top of the menu, and then selecting .\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Scroll down and tap iCloud Backup.\", \"描述\": \"It's the green-and-white curved arrow icon toward the bottom of the menu.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Slide the \\\"iCloud Backup\\\" switch to On .\", \"描述\": \"As long as this switch is on, the data you selected will be backed up automatically once per day.\\nIf you get a new iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch, you can restore your backed-up data during the setup process.\\nTo make a manual backup, tap .\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"iPhone or iPad (Finder or iTunes)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Connect your iPhone to your computer.\", \"描述\": \"Use the cable that came with your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch (or one that is compatible).\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open iTunes (Windows) or Finder (macOS).\", \"描述\": \"If you're using macOS Catalina or later, click the two-toned smiley face on the Dock to open Finder. If you have an earlier version of macOS or Windows, open iTunes.\\nIf prompted to update iTunes, follow the on-screen instructions to do so.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click your iPhone's or iPad's name or icon.\", \"描述\": \"Your phone, tablet, or iPod's name will appear in the left panel in Finder. iTunes users should click the phone icon in the upper-left area of iTunes.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Decide whether to encrypt your backup.\", \"描述\": \"If you want to require a password to restore from your backup, check the box next to \\\"Encrypt local backup\\\" in the \\\"Backups\\\" section. This is optional unless you want to back up your health and activity data from a synced Apple Watch.\\nIf you encrypt the backup, click to create a new password.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Click the Back Up Now button.\", \"描述\": \"It's under \\\"Manually Back Up and Restore\\\" in the \\\"Backups\\\" panel. Once your backup is complete, the date of the backup will appear under \\\"Latest Backup.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Click the blue Done button.\", \"描述\": \"It's in the bottom-right corner of the window. You'll be asked if you want to apply your changes.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Click Apply.\", \"描述\": \"Your data is now backed up. If you need to restore from your backup at any point, return to iTunes or Finder and click .\"}]}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Windows (External Drive)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Connect an external hard drive to your Windows computer.\", \"描述\": \"You can do this by using one of your computer's USB ports. In order to back up your Windows computer, you will need an external hard drive on which to store the backup.\\nYour external hard drive must be formatted for use with a PC for this to work. You can also use a high-capacity flash drive for this step.\\nThis method ensures that files in your Documents, Music, Pictures, Videos, Desktop, and OneDrive folders are all backed up to your external hard drive. If you want other files to be backed up, drag them to one of these folders.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open your Windows Settings .\", \"描述\": \"You can do this by opening the Windows menu and then clicking the gear icon in the lower-left side of the menu.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click Update & Security .\", \"描述\": \"You'll find this option in the Settings window.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Click the Backup tab.\", \"描述\": \"It's in the upper-left side of the Update & Security page.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Click + Add a drive.\", \"描述\": \"It's under the \\\"Back up using File History\\\" header.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Select your external drive.\", \"描述\": \"This will set it as your computer's backup drive.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Click More options.\", \"描述\": \"It's the link below the \\\"On\\\" switch under \\\"Back up using File History.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Click Back up now.\", \"描述\": \"This option is in the upper-left side of the page. This prompts Windows to assemble the backup and begin loading it onto your external drive.\\nYou may have to click a couple of times before your drive will begin backing up.\\nYou'll see a \\\"Backup completed\\\" notification in the bottom-right corner of your screen once the backup finishes, at which point you can eject and remove the external hard drive.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Windows (OneDrive)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Click the OneDrive icon in the notification area.\", \"描述\": \"This white cloud icon is on the part of the taskbar that contains the time. If you don't see it, click the up-arrow (^) left of the clock to expand additional icons.\\nIf you're not signed in to OneDrive, the cloud icon is gray. Click the button and log in with your Microsoft account details to continue.\\nIf you don't subscribe to Microsoft 365, you have 5 GB of available backup space on OneDrive. If you do subscribe, you can store up to 1 TB of backed-up data on OneDrive.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Click the More icon.\", \"描述\": \"It's the three horizontal dots at the bottom-right corner of the OneDrive menu. A menu will expand.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click Settings on the menu.\", \"描述\": \"This opens the Microsoft OneDrive window.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Click the Backup tab.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the top of the Microsoft OneDrive window.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Click the Manage Backup button.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the top of the tab.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Select the folders you want to back up.\", \"描述\": \"You can back up the files in the , , and folders so you don't lose any important data.\\nWhen you select a folder to back up, the circle at its top-right corner will fill in with a checkmark.\\nIf you want to back up other files, move them to one of these folders.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Click the Start backup button.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the bottom-right corner of the window. The selected folders will now sync to OneDrive. You can watch the progress bar or close the window—the files will continue to back up in the background.\\nYou can access your backed-up data anywhere you sign in to OneDrive, including on the web at https://onedrive.com.\\nTo manage your backup settings, click the OneDrive icon in the notification area, and navigate to > > > .\"}]}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"macOS (Time Machine)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Connect an external hard drive to your Mac.\", \"描述\": \"You can do this by using one of your computer's USB-C, Thunderbolt, or FireWire ports.\\nYour external hard drive must be formatted for use with a Mac for this to work.\\nYou can also use a high-capacity flash drive for this step.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open the Apple menu .\", \"描述\": \"It's at the top-left corner of the screen.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click System Preferences… on the menu.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Click Time Machine.\", \"描述\": \"It's the green clock dial icon.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check the box next to \\\"Back Up Automatically.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"This ensures that you'll always have the latest backups without having to remember to perform them manually.\\nIf you do want to create manual backups instead, leave this box unchecked.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Click Select Backup Disk….\", \"描述\": \"It's near the top of the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Select your external drive.\", \"描述\": \"Click your external drive's name in the window.\\nIf you want to encrypt your backup so that a password is needed to restore the files, check the box next to \\\"Encrypt backups.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Click Use Disk.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the bottom of the window. This sets the external drive as your Mac's backup drive. If you set up automatic backups, your first backup will begin.\\nIf the drive is not formatted, you'll be prompted to format it first. This will erase all of the data on the drive.\\nWhen the backup is complete, you'll see a \\\"Time Machine has finished...\\\" message. At that point, you can eject and remove the external hard drive.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Create a manual backup.\", \"描述\": \"If you didn't set up automatic backups, you can create a manual backup now: \\nClick the Time Machine icon, which is the clock dial in the menu bar in the upper-right area of the screen.\\nClick on the menu.\\nWhen the backup is complete, you'll see a \\\"Time Machine has finished...\\\" message. At that point, you can eject and remove the external hard drive.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"macOS (iCloud Drive)\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Click the Apple menu .\", \"描述\": \"It's at the top-left corner of the screen. \\nUse this method to back up data, such as your documents and images, to your iCloud account. This ensures that your backed-up data stays in the cloud and is accessible anywhere you sign in.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Click System Preferences on the menu.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click Apple ID.\", \"描述\": \"It's the gray Apple icon near the top-right corner of the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Click iCloud.\", \"描述\": \"It's the blue cloud icon in the left panel.\\nIf prompted, enter your Apple ID login and password to sign in.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Check the box next to \\\"iCloud Drive\\\" if it's not already selected.\", \"描述\": \"It's the first option in the right panel.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Click the Options button next to \\\"iCloud Drive.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"It's at the top of the right panel.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Check the box next to \\\"Desktop & Documents Folders.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"It's at the top of the list.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Choose which files to back up.\", \"描述\": \"If a green-and-white checkmark appears next to any of the app names below the Desktop & Document Folders header, files created with those apps will be backed up to iCloud. You can remove the checkmarks from any apps that you don't want to back up.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Click the Done button.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the bottom-right corner of the window.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Select additional apps to back up.\", \"描述\": \"Other apps that use iCloud appear in the list under iCloud Drive. Any of the options with blue-and-white checkmarks are already backing up to iCloud. You can toggle these options on and off as needed.\\nIf you want to save hard drive space on your Mac, you can check the box next to \\\"Optimize Mac Storage\\\" below the iCloud app list. This makes it so that if you get low on disk space, older files will be moved off your Mac and saved to iCloud Drive until you need them.\\nYou can access your backed-up files on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod Touch using the Files app, as well as on the web at https://www.icloud.com.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"You can create a disc image of your hard drive that serves as a backup of all of your files, settings, and so on. This image can be burned onto a disc or series of discs to create a recovery disc should your computer crash.\\n\", \"If you don't have an external hard drive and you only need to back up a few things, try using Google Drive or Dropbox to store your items.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"Don't put all of your faith in scheduled backups. You should manually back up your information at least once a week for a personal or work computer.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,310 | How to Back Up Email Files in Mozilla Thunderbird | 1. Installing ImportExportTools
1-1. Open Thunderbird.
Click or double-click the Thunderbird app icon, which resembles a bluebird hovering over a white envelope.
1-2. Click ☰.
It's in the top-right corner of the window. A drop-down menu will appear.
1-3. Select Add-ons.
This is in the drop-down menu. Selecting it prompts a pop-out menu.
1-4. Click Add-ons.
It's in the pop-out menu. Doing so opens the "Add-ons Manager" tab.
1-5. Search for the ImportExportTools add-on.
Click the search bar in the upper-right side of the window, then type in importexporttools and press ↵ Enter.
1-6. Click Add to Thunderbird.
It's to the right of the "ImportExportTools" heading.
1-7. Click Install Now when prompted.
This will prompt the ImportExportTools add-on to begin installing to Thunderbird.
1-8. Click Restart Now when prompted.
It's at the top of the window. Thunderbird will close and then re-open; at this point, you can proceed with exporting your email messages.
If Thunderbird restarts in Safe Mode, click when prompted, and then re-open Thunderbird before continuing.
2. Exporting Email Messages
2-1. Find the inbox you want to use.
In the upper-left side of the Thunderbird window, look for the email address that you want to use, then find the "Inbox" folder below the email address.
2-2. Right-click the inbox.
Doing so prompts a drop-down menu.
On a Mac, hold down Control while clicking the inbox.
2-3. Select ImportExportTools.
This is in the drop-down menu. A pop-out menu will appear.
2-4. Select Export all messages in the folder.
It's near the top of the pop-out menu. Doing so brings up a list of possible export file formats.
2-5. Select a file type.
Click the type of file you want to use to back up the emails. Depending on your intent for the emails, you'll most likely want to do one of the following:
If you want to be able to import your backup to Thunderbird on another computer, select the option.
If you want to be able to read your emails with their original formatting and attachments, click and then click when prompted.
2-6. Select a save folder.
Click the folder in which you want to store your backup folder.
For example, to save the backup folder on your desktop, you would click on the left side of the window here.
On a Mac, you may have to click the "Where" drop-down box before you can select a folder.
2-7. Click Select Folder.
It's in the lower-right side of the window. Doing so will confirm your selected folder and back up your emails to it. Once the backup is complete, you'll be able to see them by opening the folder, opening the backup folder, and double-clicking the email(s) you want to view.
On a Mac, click here.
3. Backing up a Profile
3-1. Understand what backing up a profile does.
Your Thunderbird profile (e.g., the email account you use) stores your account settings, inbox index, and more. If you want to be able to restore your profile in the event of a Thunderbird crash, you'll need to back up the profile folder.
3-2. Open Thunderbird.
Click or double-click the Thunderbird app icon, which resembles a blue bird hovering over a white envelope.
3-3. Click ☰.
It's in the top-right corner of the Thunderbird inbox window. A drop-down menu will appear.
3-4. Select Help.
You'll find this in the drop-down menu. Selecting it opens a pop-out menu.
3-5. Click Troubleshooting Information.
It's in the pop-out menu. This opens a new tab.
3-6. Click Open Folder.
It's to the right of the "Profile Folder" heading.
3-7. Click the Profiles folder name.
You'll find this at the top of the File Explorer window.
Skip this step on a Mac—the "Profiles" folder should be open on the left side of the Finder.
3-8. Copy your profile.
Click once the folder that you want to copy, then press either Ctrl+C (Windows) or ⌘ Command+C (Mac).
If there are multiple folders here, click one, press Ctrl+A (Windows) or ⌘ Command+A (Mac), and then copy the folders.
3-9. Close Thunderbird.
Thunderbird must be shut down in order for you to copy the file.
3-10. Paste the copied folder.
Go to the location in which you want to store your profile backup (e.g., an external hard drive), click a blank space in the window, and press Ctrl+V or ⌘ Command+V to paste in the profile folder.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:45",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Installing ImportExportTools\\n1-1. Open Thunderbird.\\nClick or double-click the Thunderbird app icon, which resembles a bluebird hovering over a white envelope.\\n1-2. Click ☰.\\nIt's in the top-right corner of the window. A drop-down menu will appear.\\n1-3. Select Add-ons.\\nThis is in the drop-down menu. Selecting it prompts a pop-out menu.\\n1-4. Click Add-ons.\\nIt's in the pop-out menu. Doing so opens the \\\"Add-ons Manager\\\" tab.\\n1-5. Search for the ImportExportTools add-on.\\nClick the search bar in the upper-right side of the window, then type in importexporttools and press ↵ Enter.\\n1-6. Click Add to Thunderbird.\\nIt's to the right of the \\\"ImportExportTools\\\" heading.\\n1-7. Click Install Now when prompted.\\nThis will prompt the ImportExportTools add-on to begin installing to Thunderbird.\\n1-8. Click Restart Now when prompted.\\nIt's at the top of the window. Thunderbird will close and then re-open; at this point, you can proceed with exporting your email messages.\\nIf Thunderbird restarts in Safe Mode, click when prompted, and then re-open Thunderbird before continuing.\\n2. Exporting Email Messages\\n2-1. Find the inbox you want to use.\\nIn the upper-left side of the Thunderbird window, look for the email address that you want to use, then find the \\\"Inbox\\\" folder below the email address.\\n2-2. Right-click the inbox.\\nDoing so prompts a drop-down menu.\\nOn a Mac, hold down Control while clicking the inbox.\\n2-3. Select ImportExportTools.\\nThis is in the drop-down menu. A pop-out menu will appear.\\n2-4. Select Export all messages in the folder.\\nIt's near the top of the pop-out menu. Doing so brings up a list of possible export file formats.\\n2-5. Select a file type.\\nClick the type of file you want to use to back up the emails. Depending on your intent for the emails, you'll most likely want to do one of the following:\\nIf you want to be able to import your backup to Thunderbird on another computer, select the option.\\nIf you want to be able to read your emails with their original formatting and attachments, click and then click when prompted.\\n2-6. Select a save folder.\\nClick the folder in which you want to store your backup folder.\\nFor example, to save the backup folder on your desktop, you would click on the left side of the window here.\\nOn a Mac, you may have to click the \\\"Where\\\" drop-down box before you can select a folder.\\n2-7. Click Select Folder.\\nIt's in the lower-right side of the window. Doing so will confirm your selected folder and back up your emails to it. Once the backup is complete, you'll be able to see them by opening the folder, opening the backup folder, and double-clicking the email(s) you want to view.\\nOn a Mac, click here.\\n3. Backing up a Profile\\n3-1. Understand what backing up a profile does.\\nYour Thunderbird profile (e.g., the email account you use) stores your account settings, inbox index, and more. If you want to be able to restore your profile in the event of a Thunderbird crash, you'll need to back up the profile folder.\\n3-2. Open Thunderbird.\\nClick or double-click the Thunderbird app icon, which resembles a blue bird hovering over a white envelope.\\n3-3. Click ☰.\\nIt's in the top-right corner of the Thunderbird inbox window. A drop-down menu will appear.\\n3-4. Select Help.\\nYou'll find this in the drop-down menu. Selecting it opens a pop-out menu.\\n3-5. Click Troubleshooting Information.\\nIt's in the pop-out menu. This opens a new tab.\\n3-6. Click Open Folder.\\nIt's to the right of the \\\"Profile Folder\\\" heading.\\n3-7. Click the Profiles folder name.\\nYou'll find this at the top of the File Explorer window.\\nSkip this step on a Mac—the \\\"Profiles\\\" folder should be open on the left side of the Finder.\\n3-8. Copy your profile.\\nClick once the folder that you want to copy, then press either Ctrl+C (Windows) or ⌘ Command+C (Mac).\\nIf there are multiple folders here, click one, press Ctrl+A (Windows) or ⌘ Command+A (Mac), and then copy the folders.\\n3-9. Close Thunderbird.\\nThunderbird must be shut down in order for you to copy the file.\\n3-10. Paste the copied folder.\\nGo to the location in which you want to store your profile backup (e.g., an external hard drive), click a blank space in the window, and press Ctrl+V or ⌘ Command+V to paste in the profile folder.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"This wikiHow teaches you how to create a backup folder for your Mozilla Thunderbird emails.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Installing ImportExportTools\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Thunderbird.\", \"描述\": \"Click or double-click the Thunderbird app icon, which resembles a bluebird hovering over a white envelope.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Click ☰.\", \"描述\": \"It's in the top-right corner of the window. A drop-down menu will appear.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Select Add-ons.\", \"描述\": \"This is in the drop-down menu. Selecting it prompts a pop-out menu.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Click Add-ons.\", \"描述\": \"It's in the pop-out menu. Doing so opens the \\\"Add-ons Manager\\\" tab.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Search for the ImportExportTools add-on.\", \"描述\": \"Click the search bar in the upper-right side of the window, then type in importexporttools and press ↵ Enter.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Click Add to Thunderbird.\", \"描述\": \"It's to the right of the \\\"ImportExportTools\\\" heading.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Click Install Now when prompted.\", \"描述\": \"This will prompt the ImportExportTools add-on to begin installing to Thunderbird.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Click Restart Now when prompted.\", \"描述\": \"It's at the top of the window. Thunderbird will close and then re-open; at this point, you can proceed with exporting your email messages.\\nIf Thunderbird restarts in Safe Mode, click when prompted, and then re-open Thunderbird before continuing.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Exporting Email Messages\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Find the inbox you want to use.\", \"描述\": \"In the upper-left side of the Thunderbird window, look for the email address that you want to use, then find the \\\"Inbox\\\" folder below the email address.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Right-click the inbox.\", \"描述\": \"Doing so prompts a drop-down menu.\\nOn a Mac, hold down Control while clicking the inbox.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Select ImportExportTools.\", \"描述\": \"This is in the drop-down menu. A pop-out menu will appear.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Select Export all messages in the folder.\", \"描述\": \"It's near the top of the pop-out menu. Doing so brings up a list of possible export file formats.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Select a file type.\", \"描述\": \"Click the type of file you want to use to back up the emails. Depending on your intent for the emails, you'll most likely want to do one of the following:\\nIf you want to be able to import your backup to Thunderbird on another computer, select the option.\\nIf you want to be able to read your emails with their original formatting and attachments, click and then click when prompted.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Select a save folder.\", \"描述\": \"Click the folder in which you want to store your backup folder.\\nFor example, to save the backup folder on your desktop, you would click on the left side of the window here.\\nOn a Mac, you may have to click the \\\"Where\\\" drop-down box before you can select a folder.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Click Select Folder.\", \"描述\": \"It's in the lower-right side of the window. Doing so will confirm your selected folder and back up your emails to it. Once the backup is complete, you'll be able to see them by opening the folder, opening the backup folder, and double-clicking the email(s) you want to view.\\nOn a Mac, click here.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Backing up a Profile\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Understand what backing up a profile does.\", \"描述\": \"Your Thunderbird profile (e.g., the email account you use) stores your account settings, inbox index, and more. If you want to be able to restore your profile in the event of a Thunderbird crash, you'll need to back up the profile folder.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Open Thunderbird.\", \"描述\": \"Click or double-click the Thunderbird app icon, which resembles a blue bird hovering over a white envelope.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Click ☰.\", \"描述\": \"It's in the top-right corner of the Thunderbird inbox window. A drop-down menu will appear.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Select Help.\", \"描述\": \"You'll find this in the drop-down menu. Selecting it opens a pop-out menu.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Click Troubleshooting Information.\", \"描述\": \"It's in the pop-out menu. This opens a new tab.\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Click Open Folder.\", \"描述\": \"It's to the right of the \\\"Profile Folder\\\" heading.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Click the Profiles folder name.\", \"描述\": \"You'll find this at the top of the File Explorer window.\\nSkip this step on a Mac—the \\\"Profiles\\\" folder should be open on the left side of the Finder.\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Copy your profile.\", \"描述\": \"Click once the folder that you want to copy, then press either Ctrl+C (Windows) or ⌘ Command+C (Mac).\\nIf there are multiple folders here, click one, press Ctrl+A (Windows) or ⌘ Command+A (Mac), and then copy the folders.\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Close Thunderbird.\", \"描述\": \"Thunderbird must be shut down in order for you to copy the file.\"}, {\"编号\": 10, \"标题\": \"Paste the copied folder.\", \"描述\": \"Go to the location in which you want to store your profile backup (e.g., an external hard drive), click a blank space in the window, and press Ctrl+V or ⌘ Command+V to paste in the profile folder.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,311 | How to Back Up Favorites in Internet Explorer | 1. Copying Your Favorites Folder
1-1. Open Windows Explorer.
Note that this refers to Windows' File Explorer, not the Internet Explorer browser. You may open Windows Explorer by pressing ⊞ Win + E, clicking the File Explorer folder on your Taskbar, performing a search for "File Explorer" on the Start screen or selecting the File Explorer shortcut under "Windows System" in Apps View.
1-2. Access your user's "Documents and Settings."
Use the address bar to perform a search for "C:\Documents and Settings\username." Rather than typing "username," insert your actual username. Many simply adopt "Admin" as their usernames.
1-3. Access your Favorites folder.
Scroll down and find the Favorites folder, which will look like a folder with a star emerging from it. Select the Favorites folder so that it's highlighted.
1-4. Copy the Favorites folder.
Once the folder is highlighted, right-click and select "Copy" from the menu that appears. Alternatively, you may also press Ctrl+C to copy the folder using your keyboard.
1-5. Paste the Favorites folder in a new location.
You may choose to place your Favorites folder on a backup disk, a USB stick, or elsewhere on your hard disk. Once you've selected a location, right-click and select "Paste." Alternatively, you may also press Ctrl+V to paste the folder using your keyboard. This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites.
2. Exporting Favorites on Internet Explorer 5.0 to 7
2-1. Open Internet Explorer.
Simply click the "Start" menu and then select "Internet Explorer." You may also find this browser elsewhere if you've stored it on your desktop or Taskbar.
2-2. Access the "Import and Export" screen.
From Internet Explorer, click the "File" menu. Then select "Import and Export" from the dropdown menu that appears.
2-3. Initiate the export process.
Begin by clicking "Next" on the "Import and Export" screen that first appears. Then select "Export Favorites" and again click "Next."
2-4. Select the files you wish to export.
First, click the "Browse" button.You can then either select specific folders you wish to export or export all Favorites by leaving the whole folder highlighted. Once you've determined what you wish to export, click "Next" once more.
2-5. Choose a backup destination.
Select a file or drive in which you wish your Favorites to be exported and then click "Next." Finally, click "Finish." This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites without affecting the file that you've had exported.
3. Exporting Favorites on Internet Explorer 8 and Above
3-1. Open Internet Explorer.
Simply click the "Start" menu and then select "Internet Explorer." You may also find this browser elsewhere if you've stored it on your desktop or Taskbar.
3-2. Access your Favorites.
Click the Favorites icon in the upper, righthand corner. It will look like a star.
3-3. Initiate the export process.
Begin by clicking the downward pointing arrow next to "Add to favorites." Alternatively, you may simply press Alt+Z on your keyboard. Finally, select "Import and export" from the menu that appears.
3-4. Select the files you wish to export.
Select "Export to a file" on the "Import and export" window and then click "Next." Check the box next to "Favorites" and then click "Next" again. Finally, choose the folder(s) of Favorites you wish to export or—if you wish to export them all—leave the entire Favorites folder selected. When satisfied, click "Next" once more.
3-5. Choose a backup destination.
First, click the "Browse" button. Then select a file or drive in which you wish your Favorites to be exported. Upon deciding on a location, click the "Export" button and then click "Finish." This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites without affecting the file that you've had exported.
Tips
Inside the "Favorites" folder, you can have a folder named "Links," which will be recognized by its name in Windows and show up as the "Links" toolbar. If you don't have one and want one, create a folder named "Links" there and then paste your Favorites there. They will show up in Internet Explorer's toolbar right away.
Depending on your computer's authorizations, you may be able to back-up, delete, or overwrite other users' "Favorites" as well.
Warnings
If you delete the wrong folder (using the copying and pasting technique), you might be in serious trouble. It is possible to destroy installed software by deleting the wrong folders. Be careful with this procedure.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:45",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Copying Your Favorites Folder\\n1-1. Open Windows Explorer.\\nNote that this refers to Windows' File Explorer, not the Internet Explorer browser. You may open Windows Explorer by pressing ⊞ Win + E, clicking the File Explorer folder on your Taskbar, performing a search for \\\"File Explorer\\\" on the Start screen or selecting the File Explorer shortcut under \\\"Windows System\\\" in Apps View.\\n1-2. Access your user's \\\"Documents and Settings.\\\"\\nUse the address bar to perform a search for \\\"C:\\\\Documents and Settings\\\\username.\\\" Rather than typing \\\"username,\\\" insert your actual username. Many simply adopt \\\"Admin\\\" as their usernames.\\n1-3. Access your Favorites folder.\\nScroll down and find the Favorites folder, which will look like a folder with a star emerging from it. Select the Favorites folder so that it's highlighted.\\n1-4. Copy the Favorites folder.\\nOnce the folder is highlighted, right-click and select \\\"Copy\\\" from the menu that appears. Alternatively, you may also press Ctrl+C to copy the folder using your keyboard.\\n1-5. Paste the Favorites folder in a new location.\\nYou may choose to place your Favorites folder on a backup disk, a USB stick, or elsewhere on your hard disk. Once you've selected a location, right-click and select \\\"Paste.\\\" Alternatively, you may also press Ctrl+V to paste the folder using your keyboard. This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites.\\n2. Exporting Favorites on Internet Explorer 5.0 to 7\\n2-1. Open Internet Explorer.\\nSimply click the \\\"Start\\\" menu and then select \\\"Internet Explorer.\\\" You may also find this browser elsewhere if you've stored it on your desktop or Taskbar.\\n2-2. Access the \\\"Import and Export\\\" screen.\\nFrom Internet Explorer, click the \\\"File\\\" menu. Then select \\\"Import and Export\\\" from the dropdown menu that appears.\\n2-3. Initiate the export process.\\nBegin by clicking \\\"Next\\\" on the \\\"Import and Export\\\" screen that first appears. Then select \\\"Export Favorites\\\" and again click \\\"Next.\\\"\\n2-4. Select the files you wish to export.\\nFirst, click the \\\"Browse\\\" button.You can then either select specific folders you wish to export or export all Favorites by leaving the whole folder highlighted. Once you've determined what you wish to export, click \\\"Next\\\" once more.\\n2-5. Choose a backup destination.\\nSelect a file or drive in which you wish your Favorites to be exported and then click \\\"Next.\\\" Finally, click \\\"Finish.\\\" This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites without affecting the file that you've had exported.\\n3. Exporting Favorites on Internet Explorer 8 and Above\\n3-1. Open Internet Explorer.\\nSimply click the \\\"Start\\\" menu and then select \\\"Internet Explorer.\\\" You may also find this browser elsewhere if you've stored it on your desktop or Taskbar.\\n3-2. Access your Favorites.\\nClick the Favorites icon in the upper, righthand corner. It will look like a star.\\n3-3. Initiate the export process.\\nBegin by clicking the downward pointing arrow next to \\\"Add to favorites.\\\" Alternatively, you may simply press Alt+Z on your keyboard. Finally, select \\\"Import and export\\\" from the menu that appears.\\n3-4. Select the files you wish to export.\\nSelect \\\"Export to a file\\\" on the \\\"Import and export\\\" window and then click \\\"Next.\\\" Check the box next to \\\"Favorites\\\" and then click \\\"Next\\\" again. Finally, choose the folder(s) of Favorites you wish to export or—if you wish to export them all—leave the entire Favorites folder selected. When satisfied, click \\\"Next\\\" once more.\\n3-5. Choose a backup destination.\\nFirst, click the \\\"Browse\\\" button. Then select a file or drive in which you wish your Favorites to be exported. Upon deciding on a location, click the \\\"Export\\\" button and then click \\\"Finish.\\\" This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites without affecting the file that you've had exported.\\nTips\\nInside the \\\"Favorites\\\" folder, you can have a folder named \\\"Links,\\\" which will be recognized by its name in Windows and show up as the \\\"Links\\\" toolbar. If you don't have one and want one, create a folder named \\\"Links\\\" there and then paste your Favorites there. They will show up in Internet Explorer's toolbar right away.\\nDepending on your computer's authorizations, you may be able to back-up, delete, or overwrite other users' \\\"Favorites\\\" as well.\\nWarnings\\nIf you delete the wrong folder (using the copying and pasting technique), you might be in serious trouble. It is possible to destroy installed software by deleting the wrong folders. Be careful with this procedure.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"Backing up your Favorites on Internet Explorer is as easy as manually copying and pasting the file elsewhere or exporting it to a new destination. This article will cover both methods in detail while also discussing some variations between different versions of the browser. If you wish to be entirely sure that your Favorites are saved in multiple locations or accessible from different files, the solutions are pretty straightforward.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Copying Your Favorites Folder\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Windows Explorer.\", \"描述\": \"Note that this refers to Windows' File Explorer, not the Internet Explorer browser. You may open Windows Explorer by pressing ⊞ Win + E, clicking the File Explorer folder on your Taskbar, performing a search for \\\"File Explorer\\\" on the Start screen or selecting the File Explorer shortcut under \\\"Windows System\\\" in Apps View.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Access your user's \\\"Documents and Settings.\\\"\", \"描述\": \"Use the address bar to perform a search for \\\"C:\\\\Documents and Settings\\\\username.\\\" Rather than typing \\\"username,\\\" insert your actual username. Many simply adopt \\\"Admin\\\" as their usernames.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Access your Favorites folder.\", \"描述\": \"Scroll down and find the Favorites folder, which will look like a folder with a star emerging from it. Select the Favorites folder so that it's highlighted.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Copy the Favorites folder.\", \"描述\": \"Once the folder is highlighted, right-click and select \\\"Copy\\\" from the menu that appears. Alternatively, you may also press Ctrl+C to copy the folder using your keyboard.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Paste the Favorites folder in a new location.\", \"描述\": \"You may choose to place your Favorites folder on a backup disk, a USB stick, or elsewhere on your hard disk. Once you've selected a location, right-click and select \\\"Paste.\\\" Alternatively, you may also press Ctrl+V to paste the folder using your keyboard. This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Exporting Favorites on Internet Explorer 5.0 to 7\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Internet Explorer.\", \"描述\": \"Simply click the \\\"Start\\\" menu and then select \\\"Internet Explorer.\\\" You may also find this browser elsewhere if you've stored it on your desktop or Taskbar.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Access the \\\"Import and Export\\\" screen.\", \"描述\": \"From Internet Explorer, click the \\\"File\\\" menu. Then select \\\"Import and Export\\\" from the dropdown menu that appears.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Initiate the export process.\", \"描述\": \"Begin by clicking \\\"Next\\\" on the \\\"Import and Export\\\" screen that first appears. Then select \\\"Export Favorites\\\" and again click \\\"Next.\\\"\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Select the files you wish to export.\", \"描述\": \"First, click the \\\"Browse\\\" button.You can then either select specific folders you wish to export or export all Favorites by leaving the whole folder highlighted. Once you've determined what you wish to export, click \\\"Next\\\" once more.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Choose a backup destination.\", \"描述\": \"Select a file or drive in which you wish your Favorites to be exported and then click \\\"Next.\\\" Finally, click \\\"Finish.\\\" This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites without affecting the file that you've had exported.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Exporting Favorites on Internet Explorer 8 and Above\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open Internet Explorer.\", \"描述\": \"Simply click the \\\"Start\\\" menu and then select \\\"Internet Explorer.\\\" You may also find this browser elsewhere if you've stored it on your desktop or Taskbar.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Access your Favorites.\", \"描述\": \"Click the Favorites icon in the upper, righthand corner. It will look like a star.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Initiate the export process.\", \"描述\": \"Begin by clicking the downward pointing arrow next to \\\"Add to favorites.\\\" Alternatively, you may simply press Alt+Z on your keyboard. Finally, select \\\"Import and export\\\" from the menu that appears.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Select the files you wish to export.\", \"描述\": \"Select \\\"Export to a file\\\" on the \\\"Import and export\\\" window and then click \\\"Next.\\\" Check the box next to \\\"Favorites\\\" and then click \\\"Next\\\" again. Finally, choose the folder(s) of Favorites you wish to export or—if you wish to export them all—leave the entire Favorites folder selected. When satisfied, click \\\"Next\\\" once more.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Choose a backup destination.\", \"描述\": \"First, click the \\\"Browse\\\" button. Then select a file or drive in which you wish your Favorites to be exported. Upon deciding on a location, click the \\\"Export\\\" button and then click \\\"Finish.\\\" This new location will serve as a backup for your Favorites without affecting the file that you've had exported.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"Inside the \\\"Favorites\\\" folder, you can have a folder named \\\"Links,\\\" which will be recognized by its name in Windows and show up as the \\\"Links\\\" toolbar. If you don't have one and want one, create a folder named \\\"Links\\\" there and then paste your Favorites there. They will show up in Internet Explorer's toolbar right away.\\n\", \"Depending on your computer's authorizations, you may be able to back-up, delete, or overwrite other users' \\\"Favorites\\\" as well.\\n\"], \"注意事项\": [\"If you delete the wrong folder (using the copying and pasting technique), you might be in serious trouble. It is possible to destroy installed software by deleting the wrong folders. Be careful with this procedure.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,312 | How to Back Up Files to OneDrive | 1. Backing Up Using the OneDrive Program on Your Computer
1-1. Open OneDrive.
Press the Windows key on your keyboard and type in “onedrive,” and the top result should be what you are looking for. Hit the Enter to open OneDrive.
1-2. Add files and/or folders to your OneDrive folder.
The window that is now open on your desktop should be the OneDrive sync folder. Placing any file or folder inside this one will add it to your OneDrive to be synced. Simply open the folder that contains the file you wish to back up and either drag-and-drop the files, or drag-and-drop an entire folder, into the OneDrive window.
Alternatively, right-click the file or folder you wish to back up and click “Copy” from the context menu. Open the OneDrive folder again, right-click an empty space, and select “Paste” from the context menu. Depending on the size of the folder you have selected to copy, the creation and/or transfer of the file or folder should begin.
If for any reason you need to know the direct file path to the local user’s OneDrive folder, it is “%userprofile%\OneDrive” or “C:\Users\%username%\OneDrive.”
1-3. Check the sync process.
Once files have been added to the OneDrive folder, and you are connected properly to the Internet, the syncing process should being. You can check to see by scrolling your mouse over the Start Menu, and clicking the left-facing arrow by the clock. This should bring up a small little menu with some small icons in it. Look for a little white cloud icon. If there is a small blue circle on the cloud, the files are still being synced. Left-click on the icon once to see exactly how many files are remaining and how much data is being transferred.
1-4. Confirm your files upload online.
Open up any web browser and navigate to the OneDrive home page. Click the “Sign in” button in the upper right-hand side of the screen. When asked to log in, enter your Microsoft account credentials (email and password). When the login process is complete, there should be a series of folders and files. These should be the same as the files and folders inside your OneDrive folder on your PC. Check for the file or folder you uploaded by typing its name in the Search box in the upper left hand corner of the window. If you find it, you have just backed up a new file or folder to OneDrive.
2. Backing Up via the OneDrive Website
2-1. Visit OneDrive.
Open a new web browser window or tab, and visit the OneDrive website.
2-2. Sign into your account.
Click the “Sign-in” button in the upper right-hand corner of the page, and enter the email address you used to register and click “Next.” It should take you to a new page where you need to enter your password as well. Do so and click “Sign in” to continue.
2-3. Chose to upload a file or folder.
At the top of the page is a button that says “Upload.” Click this and choose either the file or folder options from the drop-down menu given.
2-4. Upload a file.
If you chose the file option, a large box will pop up on the upper left-hand side of the screen. Locate the file you want to upload and click “Open” in the lower right-hand corner of the box. A progress window will drop down on the right, showing the number of files being uploaded and its progress.
You can upload as many files you want at the same time.
2-5. Upload a folder.
If you have chosen the folder option, a small box will pop up in the center of the screen. Locate the folder you wish to upload, click it once, and then click “OK” to continue. You can upload only one folder at a time.
Most of the time, depending on the size of the folder, these uploads can take more time.
You have now backed up the file or folder.
3. Backing Up Files on Your Mobile Device
3-1. Launch the OneDrive App.
Locate the app on your home screen or app drawer, and tap it to open.
If you don’t have the OneDrive app yet, you can download it for free from Google Play for Android, and from the App Store for iOS.
3-2. Log in.
Enter the email address registered with your Microsoft account, and tap the arrow button next to the field. You will then be asked to enter your password. When you’re done, tap “Sign in” to continue.
Once you’ve logged in, you can now exit OneDrive.
3-3. Locate a file or folder to back up.
Open your app drawer and tap your gallery, music, or file management app. Scroll through the different pictures, music, or other files until you find the one you want to back up.
When you find the file or folder, press and hold it and select “Share” from the list that appears.
Please note that not all file management apps are created equal, and some may not offer every sharing feature.
3-4. Upload the file or folder to OneDrive.
Since you have OneDrive on your device, it should appear in the sharing list. Select it and OneDrive should open. Navigate to and open the folder where you want to save the file/folder you’re sharing. Once you are in the folder, tap the “Upload” button in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.
The OneDrive screen will disappear, but there will be a cloud icon on your notification panel signifying that an upload is in progress. Slide down the notification panel and you will see that it says “Uploading,” and under are the number of files being uploaded and how many are left.
You’ve now backed up your files/folder on your mobile device.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:45",
"回答明细": "{\"回答\": \"1. Backing Up Using the OneDrive Program on Your Computer\\n1-1. Open OneDrive.\\nPress the Windows key on your keyboard and type in “onedrive,” and the top result should be what you are looking for. Hit the Enter to open OneDrive.\\n1-2. Add files and/or folders to your OneDrive folder.\\nThe window that is now open on your desktop should be the OneDrive sync folder. Placing any file or folder inside this one will add it to your OneDrive to be synced. Simply open the folder that contains the file you wish to back up and either drag-and-drop the files, or drag-and-drop an entire folder, into the OneDrive window.\\nAlternatively, right-click the file or folder you wish to back up and click “Copy” from the context menu. Open the OneDrive folder again, right-click an empty space, and select “Paste” from the context menu. Depending on the size of the folder you have selected to copy, the creation and/or transfer of the file or folder should begin.\\nIf for any reason you need to know the direct file path to the local user’s OneDrive folder, it is “%userprofile%\\\\OneDrive” or “C:\\\\Users\\\\%username%\\\\OneDrive.”\\n1-3. Check the sync process.\\nOnce files have been added to the OneDrive folder, and you are connected properly to the Internet, the syncing process should being. You can check to see by scrolling your mouse over the Start Menu, and clicking the left-facing arrow by the clock. This should bring up a small little menu with some small icons in it. Look for a little white cloud icon. If there is a small blue circle on the cloud, the files are still being synced. Left-click on the icon once to see exactly how many files are remaining and how much data is being transferred.\\n1-4. Confirm your files upload online.\\nOpen up any web browser and navigate to the OneDrive home page. Click the “Sign in” button in the upper right-hand side of the screen. When asked to log in, enter your Microsoft account credentials (email and password). When the login process is complete, there should be a series of folders and files. These should be the same as the files and folders inside your OneDrive folder on your PC. Check for the file or folder you uploaded by typing its name in the Search box in the upper left hand corner of the window. If you find it, you have just backed up a new file or folder to OneDrive.\\n2. Backing Up via the OneDrive Website\\n2-1. Visit OneDrive.\\nOpen a new web browser window or tab, and visit the OneDrive website.\\n2-2. Sign into your account.\\nClick the “Sign-in” button in the upper right-hand corner of the page, and enter the email address you used to register and click “Next.” It should take you to a new page where you need to enter your password as well. Do so and click “Sign in” to continue.\\n2-3. Chose to upload a file or folder.\\nAt the top of the page is a button that says “Upload.” Click this and choose either the file or folder options from the drop-down menu given.\\n2-4. Upload a file.\\nIf you chose the file option, a large box will pop up on the upper left-hand side of the screen. Locate the file you want to upload and click “Open” in the lower right-hand corner of the box. A progress window will drop down on the right, showing the number of files being uploaded and its progress.\\nYou can upload as many files you want at the same time.\\n2-5. Upload a folder.\\nIf you have chosen the folder option, a small box will pop up in the center of the screen. Locate the folder you wish to upload, click it once, and then click “OK” to continue. You can upload only one folder at a time.\\nMost of the time, depending on the size of the folder, these uploads can take more time.\\nYou have now backed up the file or folder.\\n3. Backing Up Files on Your Mobile Device\\n3-1. Launch the OneDrive App.\\nLocate the app on your home screen or app drawer, and tap it to open.\\nIf you don’t have the OneDrive app yet, you can download it for free from Google Play for Android, and from the App Store for iOS.\\n3-2. Log in.\\nEnter the email address registered with your Microsoft account, and tap the arrow button next to the field. You will then be asked to enter your password. When you’re done, tap “Sign in” to continue.\\nOnce you’ve logged in, you can now exit OneDrive.\\n3-3. Locate a file or folder to back up.\\nOpen your app drawer and tap your gallery, music, or file management app. Scroll through the different pictures, music, or other files until you find the one you want to back up.\\nWhen you find the file or folder, press and hold it and select “Share” from the list that appears.\\nPlease note that not all file management apps are created equal, and some may not offer every sharing feature.\\n3-4. Upload the file or folder to OneDrive.\\nSince you have OneDrive on your device, it should appear in the sharing list. Select it and OneDrive should open. Navigate to and open the folder where you want to save the file/folder you’re sharing. Once you are in the folder, tap the “Upload” button in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.\\nThe OneDrive screen will disappear, but there will be a cloud icon on your notification panel signifying that an upload is in progress. Slide down the notification panel and you will see that it says “Uploading,” and under are the number of files being uploaded and how many are left.\\nYou’ve now backed up your files/folder on your mobile device.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"There are a lot of different cloud-based storage services out there—Google Drive, Dropbox, and Amazon Cloud Storage, just to name a few. OneDrive is a cloud storage service offered by Microsoft that is well integrated into its Windows operating system. It is important to know how to use this service if you are running a few different Microsoft products, in order to keep important files safe and usable between them all.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Backing Up Using the OneDrive Program on Your Computer\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Open OneDrive.\", \"描述\": \"Press the Windows key on your keyboard and type in “onedrive,” and the top result should be what you are looking for. Hit the Enter to open OneDrive.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Add files and/or folders to your OneDrive folder.\", \"描述\": \"The window that is now open on your desktop should be the OneDrive sync folder. Placing any file or folder inside this one will add it to your OneDrive to be synced. Simply open the folder that contains the file you wish to back up and either drag-and-drop the files, or drag-and-drop an entire folder, into the OneDrive window.\\nAlternatively, right-click the file or folder you wish to back up and click “Copy” from the context menu. Open the OneDrive folder again, right-click an empty space, and select “Paste” from the context menu. Depending on the size of the folder you have selected to copy, the creation and/or transfer of the file or folder should begin.\\nIf for any reason you need to know the direct file path to the local user’s OneDrive folder, it is “%userprofile%\\\\OneDrive” or “C:\\\\Users\\\\%username%\\\\OneDrive.”\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Check the sync process.\", \"描述\": \"Once files have been added to the OneDrive folder, and you are connected properly to the Internet, the syncing process should being. You can check to see by scrolling your mouse over the Start Menu, and clicking the left-facing arrow by the clock. This should bring up a small little menu with some small icons in it. Look for a little white cloud icon. If there is a small blue circle on the cloud, the files are still being synced. Left-click on the icon once to see exactly how many files are remaining and how much data is being transferred.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Confirm your files upload online.\", \"描述\": \"Open up any web browser and navigate to the OneDrive home page. Click the “Sign in” button in the upper right-hand side of the screen. When asked to log in, enter your Microsoft account credentials (email and password). When the login process is complete, there should be a series of folders and files. These should be the same as the files and folders inside your OneDrive folder on your PC. Check for the file or folder you uploaded by typing its name in the Search box in the upper left hand corner of the window. If you find it, you have just backed up a new file or folder to OneDrive.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Backing Up via the OneDrive Website\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Visit OneDrive.\", \"描述\": \"Open a new web browser window or tab, and visit the OneDrive website.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Sign into your account.\", \"描述\": \"Click the “Sign-in” button in the upper right-hand corner of the page, and enter the email address you used to register and click “Next.” It should take you to a new page where you need to enter your password as well. Do so and click “Sign in” to continue.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Chose to upload a file or folder.\", \"描述\": \"At the top of the page is a button that says “Upload.” Click this and choose either the file or folder options from the drop-down menu given.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Upload a file.\", \"描述\": \"If you chose the file option, a large box will pop up on the upper left-hand side of the screen. Locate the file you want to upload and click “Open” in the lower right-hand corner of the box. A progress window will drop down on the right, showing the number of files being uploaded and its progress.\\nYou can upload as many files you want at the same time.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Upload a folder.\", \"描述\": \"If you have chosen the folder option, a small box will pop up in the center of the screen. Locate the folder you wish to upload, click it once, and then click “OK” to continue. You can upload only one folder at a time.\\nMost of the time, depending on the size of the folder, these uploads can take more time.\\nYou have now backed up the file or folder.\"}]}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Backing Up Files on Your Mobile Device\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Launch the OneDrive App.\", \"描述\": \"Locate the app on your home screen or app drawer, and tap it to open.\\nIf you don’t have the OneDrive app yet, you can download it for free from Google Play for Android, and from the App Store for iOS.\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Log in.\", \"描述\": \"Enter the email address registered with your Microsoft account, and tap the arrow button next to the field. You will then be asked to enter your password. When you’re done, tap “Sign in” to continue.\\nOnce you’ve logged in, you can now exit OneDrive.\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Locate a file or folder to back up.\", \"描述\": \"Open your app drawer and tap your gallery, music, or file management app. Scroll through the different pictures, music, or other files until you find the one you want to back up.\\nWhen you find the file or folder, press and hold it and select “Share” from the list that appears.\\nPlease note that not all file management apps are created equal, and some may not offer every sharing feature.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Upload the file or folder to OneDrive.\", \"描述\": \"Since you have OneDrive on your device, it should appear in the sharing list. Select it and OneDrive should open. Navigate to and open the folder where you want to save the file/folder you’re sharing. Once you are in the folder, tap the “Upload” button in the upper right-hand corner of the screen.\\nThe OneDrive screen will disappear, but there will be a cloud icon on your notification panel signifying that an upload is in progress. Slide down the notification panel and you will see that it says “Uploading,” and under are the number of files being uploaded and how many are left.\\nYou’ve now backed up your files/folder on your mobile device.\"}]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
3,313 | How to Back Up Firefox Extensions, Bookmarks, Themes, and Preferences | 1. Steps
1-1. Set your preferences, install all your favorite extensions and then download these programs:
1-2. Install Google Browser Sync (see External Links).
FEBE - Firefox Extension Backup Extension.
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CLEO - Compact Library Extension Organizer.
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1-3. Right-click to the right of the menu and choose Customize.
Drag the FEBE and CLEO icons onto the toolbar.
1-4. Click the down arrow on the FEBE icon.
Set the default backup directory for FEBE and set your backup options.
1-5. Back up Firefox into the destination directory.
1-6. Click the down-arrow on the CLEO icon.
Set the default directory and options.
1-7. Select the extensions to combine into a single package and click OK.
1-8. Put this on an online folder so you have access to it from any machine you are working on.
1-9. Reinstall the backed up profile onto the target machine and restart Firefox.
You should have everything that was on the previous browser.
Tips
You may want to use the lighter-weight Portable Firefox instead of the full version.
You can simply back up your entire profile in CLEO, which you can restore on any other machine running Firefox.
| {
"create_time": "20230517 10:49:45",
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Install Google Browser Sync (see External Links).\\nFEBE - Firefox Extension Backup Extension.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/c\\\\/ca\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/c\\\\/ca\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\\/aid117596-v4-728px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nCLEO - Compact Library Extension Organizer.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/78\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/78\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\\/aid117596-v4-728px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\n1-3. Right-click to the right of the menu and choose Customize.\\nDrag the FEBE and CLEO icons onto the toolbar.\\n1-4. Click the down arrow on the FEBE icon.\\nSet the default backup directory for FEBE and set your backup options.\\n1-5. Back up Firefox into the destination directory.\\n\\n1-6. Click the down-arrow on the CLEO icon.\\nSet the default directory and options.\\n1-7. Select the extensions to combine into a single package and click OK.\\n\\n1-8. Put this on an online folder so you have access to it from any machine you are working on.\\n\\n1-9. Reinstall the backed up profile onto the target machine and restart Firefox.\\nYou should have everything that was on the previous browser.\\nTips\\nYou may want to use the lighter-weight Portable Firefox instead of the full version.\\nYou can simply back up your entire profile in CLEO, which you can restore on any other machine running Firefox.\\n\", \"简要回答\": \"If you are anything like me, you use different computers as you move from place to place. There is nothing more annoying than losing your favorite Firefox Extensions, Themes, Bookmarks, etc., as you move from computer to computer. Here is an easy way to have a consistent set of tools available on each machine.\", \"结构\": {\"方法\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Steps\", \"步骤\": [{\"编号\": 1, \"标题\": \"Set your preferences, install all your favorite extensions and then download these programs:\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 2, \"标题\": \"Install Google Browser Sync (see External Links).\", \"描述\": \"FEBE - Firefox Extension Backup Extension.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/c\\\\/ca\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/c\\\\/ca\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\\/aid117596-v4-728px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet1.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\\nCLEO - Compact Library Extension Organizer.\\n\\n{\\\"smallUrl\\\":\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/www.wikihow.com\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/78\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\\/v4-460px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"bigUrl\\\":\\\"\\\\/images\\\\/thumb\\\\/7\\\\/78\\\\/Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\\/aid117596-v4-728px-Back-Up-Firefox-Extensions%2C-Bookmarks%2C-Themes%2C-and-Preferences-Step-2Bullet2.jpg\\\",\\\"smallWidth\\\":460,\\\"smallHeight\\\":345,\\\"bigWidth\\\":728,\\\"bigHeight\\\":546,\\\"licensing\\\":\\\"<div class=\\\\\\\"mw-parser-output\\\\\\\"><p>License: <a target=\\\\\\\"_blank\\\\\\\" rel=\\\\\\\"nofollow noreferrer noopener\\\\\\\" class=\\\\\\\"external text\\\\\\\" href=\\\\\\\"https:\\\\/\\\\/creativecommons.org\\\\/licenses\\\\/by-nc-sa\\\\/3.0\\\\/\\\\\\\">Creative Commons<\\\\/a><br>\\\\n<\\\\/p><p><br \\\\/>\\\\n<\\\\/p><\\\\/div>\\\"}\"}, {\"编号\": 3, \"标题\": \"Right-click to the right of the menu and choose Customize.\", \"描述\": \"Drag the FEBE and CLEO icons onto the toolbar.\"}, {\"编号\": 4, \"标题\": \"Click the down arrow on the FEBE icon.\", \"描述\": \"Set the default backup directory for FEBE and set your backup options.\"}, {\"编号\": 5, \"标题\": \"Back up Firefox into the destination directory.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 6, \"标题\": \"Click the down-arrow on the CLEO icon.\", \"描述\": \"Set the default directory and options.\"}, {\"编号\": 7, \"标题\": \"Select the extensions to combine into a single package and click OK.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 8, \"标题\": \"Put this on an online folder so you have access to it from any machine you are working on.\", \"描述\": \"\"}, {\"编号\": 9, \"标题\": \"Reinstall the backed up profile onto the target machine and restart Firefox.\", \"描述\": \"You should have everything that was on the previous browser.\"}], \"小提示\": [\"You may want to use the lighter-weight Portable Firefox instead of the full version.\\n\", \"You can simply back up your entire profile in CLEO, which you can restore on any other machine running Firefox.\\n\"]}]}}",
"问题明细": "",
"扩展字段": ""
} | wikihow |
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