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123,199,380 | {
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"DOI": "10.1103/PHYSREVLETT.30.398",
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} | An examination of the Sato-Tomimatsu solution shows it to represent a spinning naked singularity with causality violation and a singular ergosphere. It does not contain an event horizon. | 2022-12-19T18:27:41.679Z |
98,997,377 | {
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"DOI": "10.1149/ma2006-01/35/1212",
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} | Understanding the kinetics and mechanism of alkylthiol replacement reactions in both 2D and 3D (e.g. nanoparticle) systems is of great importance in the rational preparation and use of SAM-based technologies. Although it has been noted that the replacement (or exchange) reaction plays a role in 2D SAM formation kinetics (1), its form and relative importance in SAM formation has not been clearly delineated. Recognizing this, we have undertaken detailed studies of the replacement reaction using ferrocenylalkylthiolates (FcRS-) as electrochemical markers. The FcRS-Au system has the advantage of relatively straightforward electrochemistry, where every surface tethered ferrocene can be reversibly interrogated by Faradaic electrochemistry (2). | 2022-02-10T12:01:56.226Z |
109,086,674 | {
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"DOI": "10.33748/JRADIDN.V2I2.44",
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} | Craniosynostosis is a condition in which there is premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures, causing neurological disorders, distinctive deformities of the face and skull, also accompanied by increased intracranial pressure, visual impairment, deafness and cognitive deficits. Craniosynostosis may appear in primary or secondary secondary to other disorders. As many as 85% of primary craniosynostosis emerged as a single condition while the remaining 15% as part of the multisystem syndrome.
Radiological examination is important for accurate diagnosis, surgical planning, therapeutic evaluation and identification of comorbid anomalies and complications related to craniosynostosis. Computed Tomography (CT) with 3-D reconstruction is a technique used to diagnose craniosynostosis because it can provide a better picture of bone. Nevertheless, the presence of radiation exposure from CT scan, especially in infants causes the authors to look for alternatives to other radiological examination techniques including the use of ultrasonography, plain cranial rontgen and MRI | 2022-07-08T23:29:26.357Z |
234,442,011 | {
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"DOI": "10.1088/1757-899X/991/1/012062",
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} | Instead of being inappropriately disposed and causing sanitary and environmental problems, underutilised fish waste can be processed into value-added products such as antioxidants which can be used for pharmaceutical, medicine and agriculture purposes. In this study, chemical hydrolysis was chosen as it was more suitable for industrial scale, shorter time and cheaper compared to enzymatic hydrolysis. However, information on the operating parameters of fish waste chemical hydrolysis was scarce. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of types of solvents used, the concentration of HCl, demineralization time and deproteinization time on the production of antioxidant from fish waste via One Factor in Design Expert. Demineralization was carried out by immersing 10 g of fish waste in 0.2 M to 1.0 M of Hydrochloric acid (HCl) for 30 min to 150 min at room temperature and continued stirring at 150 rpm. Deproteinization occurred by introducing the sample into 1.0 M of Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) for 30 min to 150 min at 60 °C and continued stirring at 150 rpm. These samples were then washed with distilled water and oven-dried at 60 °C for 5 hours. 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Total Phenolic Compound (TPC) assays were used to analyze the availability of antioxidant by calculating the percentage of antioxidant activity and Gallic Acid Equivalent, GAE (g/L). The best concentration of HCl used was 0.72 M at 92 min of demineralization, 70 min of deproteinization and ethanol as the suitable solvent used in DPPH and TPC assays. These valuable findings are beneficial for further works on enhancing the production of antioxidant from marine sources like fish waste. | 2022-07-31T09:02:23.969Z |
55,068,661 | {
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"DOI": "10.4314/AJCEM.V10I3.43406",
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} | Bacterial resistance to antibiotics constitutes a major cause of failure in the treatment of bacterial infections. The genetic exchange of plasmids containing antibiotic resistant determinants between bacteria is believed to play a critical role in the evolution of antibiotics resistant bacteria and this has been shown in S. aureus. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the nature of plasmids that determine antibiotic resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from man and animal. Thirty multiply drug resistant S. aureus isolates from a total of 147 apparently healthy humans and dogs, as well as from clinical cases were determined by antibiotic susceptibility test using the standard disc agar diffusion method. Plasmid isolation was carried out by the alkaline lysis method of Birnboim and Dolly. Electrophoresis as well as the transformation experiment was done. The result showed that no particular sensitivity pattern or plasmid profile can be ascribed to either human or animal sources of isolates. Two isolates from a domestic dog and its owner (human) were observed to have identical plasmid profile and almost the same antibiogram. 23.130 kbp and 25.119 kbp plasmids that were responsible for amoxycilin resistance were transferred. In conclusion, the genetic basis of antibiotic resistance by S. aureus in our locality was found to be partly plasmid mediated. Plasmid analysis, in conjunction with the antibiogram is valuable in differentiating multiple resistant S. aureus. Furthermore, domestic pet animals were found to be reservoirs and potential risk factors in the transfer of multiply antibiotic resistant S. aureus and their R-plasmids to antibiotic susceptible S. aureus and other bacteria. | 2022-08-19T20:03:47.610Z |
87,343,880 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2307/4107958",
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} | A study of the genus Balanites, which is currently being completed, has resulted in the recognition of several new infraspecific taxa. It is intended that a full revision of the genus will be published shortly, but because of the need to provide an account of Balanites for the Flora of Ethiopia before the revision becomes available, the following new variety and subspecies which occur in Ethiopia are briefly published here. Justification for their recognition will be given in the detailed treatment appearing later. | 2022-08-25T05:32:39.071Z |
242,047,850 | {
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"DOI": "10.31618/vadnd.v1i14.120",
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"url": "http://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2724/79999673a361c917bd296597e27f1771ae1d.pdf"
} | In the article, in the context of the archetypal approach, the interaction of the authorities and the opposition in the course of implementing the decommunization policy was analyzed. An integral part of a decommunization policy was changing the Soviet names of toponymic objects in residential places bearing the Communist totalitarian regime symbols that consecrated persons involved in the crimes of the latter, also the events related to the activities of the Communist Party, the development of Soviet power in Ukraine, the persecution of participants in the struggle for Ukraine’s independence in the XX century. The Soviet archetypal basis of decommunization methods in Ukraine is revealed, which it was testified to the rapid pace of policy, the lack of information support, explanations, especially for the population of the central and eastern regions of Ukraine, for which the Soviet symbolices was continues to be valuable. The imperial/Soviet archetypes of interaction between the authorities and the opposition are defined by the example of renaming of Soviet names for objects of toponymy of settlements containing symbols of the communist totalitarian regime. Polarized regionalism of Ukrainian society, two distinct national identities based on different systems of political values, have formed various archetypes. Thus, in Uzhgorod and Kirovohrad, the influence of the imperial (respectively, Austrian and Russian) archetypes was reflected. The opposition of some city councils of the Naddnipryanshyny and eastern Ukraine to the parliament’s decisions was sometimes determined not by the number of opposition, but by the Soviet identity of the deputy corps. The existence of a confrontational type of the interaction between parliamentary opposition and government/president is substantiated; also between the opposition, embodied by the local political and management elite of Kirovohrad, Kharkiv and Komsomolsk of Poltava’s region, and the state power, personified by the head of the relevant regional state administration/parliament. It is proved that the conformal type is inherent of interaction the opposition, which is represented by the city council of Dnipropetrovsk and the authorities represented by the respective mayor/parliament; also the interaction between opposition, which represented by the city council/mayor of Uzhhorod and the authorities, which is represented by the chairman of the Transcarpathian Regional State Administration. | 2022-10-14T00:24:37.731Z |
18,972,802 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/TCBB.2015.2401014",
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} | Identification of protein complexes is fundamental for understanding the cellular functional organization. With the accumulation of physical protein-protein interaction (PPI) data, computational detection of protein complexes from available PPI networks has drawn a lot of attentions. While most of the existing protein complex detection algorithms focus on analyzing the physical protein-protein interaction network, none of them take into account the “signs” (i.e., activation-inhibition relationships) of physical interactions. As the “signs” of interactions reflect the way proteins communicate, considering the “signs” of interactions can not only increase the accuracy of protein complex identification, but also deepen our understanding of the mechanisms of cell functions. In this study, we proposed a novel Signed Graph regularized Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (SGNMF) model to identify protein complexes from signed PPI networks. In our experiments, we compared the results collected by our model on signed PPI networks with those predicted by the state-of-the-art complex detection techniques on the original unsigned PPI networks. We observed that considering the “signs” of interactions significantly benefits the detection of protein complexes. Furthermore, based on the predicted complexes, we predicted a set of signed complex-complex interactions for each dataset, which provides a novel insight of the higher level organization of the cell. All the experimental results and codes can be downloaded from http://mail.sysu.edu.cn/home/stsddq@mail. sysu.edu.cn/dai/others/SGNMF.zip. | 2022-10-24T18:51:49.996Z |
23,179,574 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/(SICI)1097-0061(19980930)14:13<1175::AID-YEA319>3.0.CO;2-7",
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} | A methylotrophic yeast, Candida boidinii, was grown on various combinations of peroxisome‐inducing carbon source(s) (PIC(s)), i.e. methanol, oleate and d‐alanine, and the regulation of peroxisomal proteins (both matrix and membrane ones) and organelle proliferation were studied. This regulation was followed (1) at the protein or enzyme level by means of the peroxisomal enzyme activity and Western analysis; (2) at the mRNA level by Northern analysis; and (3) at the organelle level by direct observation of peroxisomes under a fluorescent microscope. Peroxisomal proliferation was followed in vivo by using a C. boidinii strain producing a green fluorescent protein having peroxisomal targeting signal 1. When multiple PICs were used for cell growth, C. boidinii induced specific peroxisomal proteins characteristic of all PIC(s) present in the medium, responding to all PIC(s) simultaneously. Thus, these PICs were considered to induce peroxisomal proliferation independently and not to repress peroxisomes induced by other PICs. Next, the sensitivity of the peroxisomal induction to glucose repression was studied. While the peroxisomal induction by methanol or oleate was completely repressed by glucose, the d‐alanine‐induced activities of d‐amino acid oxidase and catalase, Pmp47, and the organelle proliferation were not. These results indicate that peroxisomal proliferation in yeasts is not necessarily sensitive to glucose repression. Lastly, this regulation was shown to occur at the mRNA level. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | 2022-12-14T11:41:30.699Z |
24,645,149 | {
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"DOI": "10.1136/jnnp.53.11.987",
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"url": "https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/jnnp/53/11/987.full.pdf"
} | Three cases of slowly progressive speech and language disturbance were studied at various points post onset (three, five and 15 years respectively). Language, neuropsychological and brain imaging (computer tomography and positron emission tomography) evaluations were completed on all three patients. The data suggest that the syndrome of "progressive aphasia": 1) does not involve a uniform symptom complex; 2) does not necessarily develop into a full blown dementia syndrome; 3) varies greatly in rate of progression from case to case; 4) is associated with normal brain structure (on computer tomography); and 5) is associated with abnormal left temporal lobe metabolism as measured by fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). One patient had histological findings consistent with Alzheimer's disease at necropsy. | 2022-12-23T02:19:05.359Z |
216,515,618 | {
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"DOI": "10.18502/kss.v4i6.6627",
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"url": "https://knepublishing.com/index.php/KnE-Social/article/download/6627/12197"
} | Worker migration is an old phenomenon. Many workers from Indonesia had migrated since 1970s, legally and illegally. According data from OECD (September, 2015) there are an estimated 215 million international migrants working in a globalised economy, the majority of whom are remitting money to their home country. Remittances are vital component of household income for families, reducing poverty and creating opportunities for investment in education and enterprise. As we know, high-income countries are the main sources of remittances. Government wants to upgrade the migrant workers financial knowledge to reduce revel tendency. But the one who arranges the remittance is the one in family member, not the migrant worker. This study tend to analyze ability to manage remittance and financial of migrant worker’s family using descriptive qualitative method based on worker migration and basic financial management theory. The results are remittances from abroad generally received 3-4 monthly. Remittances in dollars or others foreign exchange rate (for example developed countries) has huge value in rupiah because of rupiah’s exchange rate depreciation tendency. But in East Java, Indonesia, access to increase financial literacy for migrant workers family is very lack. Migrant worker’s family may have proper education and internet access but don’t improve their financial literacy.
Keywords: remittance, family’s financial management, Indonesia migrant worker | 2022-01-27T16:01:56.224Z |
110,908,892 | {
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"DOI": "10.1111/J.1752-1688.1973.TB01720.X",
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} | . There have been many changes in the waste water treatment requirements at St. Louis District Corps of Engineers projects over the past few years. Discussed are the methods considered for treating these wastes. Extended aeration plant, followed by filtration, is the process used in most of the areas. The treatment plant operators have become key members of the project operation team. A discussion of the Districts operator training program is presented along with the operator's job requirements. Through a Spring inspection of all treatment plants in the District, a mechanism has been provided for encouraging feedback to the design engineer from the operator. | 2022-02-10T04:40:55.291Z |
87,409,047 | {
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"DOI": "10.5426/LARYNX.23.66",
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} | Bone marrow derived stromal cells (BSCs) which contain mesenchymal stem cells have great potential as therapeutic agents.Dezawa et al. reported a method for inducing skeletal muscle lineage cells from human and rat general adherent BSCs with 89% efficiency.Induced muscle progenitor cells (IMCs) were shown to differentiate into muscle fibers upon transplantation into degenerated muscles of rats and mdx-nude mice.However, the ability of regenerated muscle to restore skeletal muscle function in a large animal model such as canine has yet to be determined. In this study, we performed BSC⁄IMC transplantation into injured canine posterior cricoarytenoid muscles.We investigated the ability of BSC⁄IMC transplantation to promote functional regeneration of posterior cricoarytenoid muscles by fiberscopic analysis of vocal fold movement.As a control, a gelatin sponge scaffold without additional cells was transplanted into the injured area. Results indicated that auto-BSC⁄IMC transplantation effectively restored vocal fold movement, whereas scaffold alone or allo-BSC⁄IMC transplantation did not.Histological examination revealed that, in cases of good recovery, muscle regeneration occurred in the area of cell transplantation, while scar formation without muscle regeneration was observed under control conditions. | 2022-02-10T21:34:57.744Z |
2,831,285 | {
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"DOI": "10.3892/mmr.2015.3230",
"MAG": "2065944969",
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"url": "https://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/mmr.2015.3230/download"
} | The present study aimed to investigate the effects of topical application of sphingosine 1‑phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1) on allogeneic corneal transplantation in mice. A total of 45 BALB/c mice received corneal grafts from C57BL/6 donors. The recipients were randomly divided into three groups and treated with eye drops containing 0.5% S1P1, 1% cyclosporine A or saline as a negative control. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)‑2, IL‑10, tumor growth factor (TGF)‑β1 and interferon (IFN)‑γ were measured by ELISA. The numbers of CD4+ T cell and T‑regulatory (Treg) cell phenotypes were measured by flow cytometry. The cytokine mRNA expression was analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated that corneal graft survival was prolonged in the S1P1 group [mean survival time (MST), 24.11±1.58 days], and 1% cyclosporine A (MST, 25.0±1.91 days) compared with the controls (MST, 13.44±0.48 days; P<0.01). S1P1 and cyclosporine A decreased CD4+ T‑cell levels (P<0.05) in the peripheral blood compared with those of the controls. However, an increase of CD4+ T cells in the spleen was noted in the S1P1 group (P<0.05) and Treg cells were also increased in the cervical lymph nodes in the S1P1 group (P<0.01). TGF‑β1 mRNA transcription in the corneal grafts increased following treatment with S1P1 (P<0.05) and TGF‑β1 in the serum following treatment with S1P1 also increased (P<0.01). In conclusion, S1P1 had a significant effect in corneal allograft rejection inhibition. | 2022-08-24T13:07:11.833Z |
219,314,643 | {
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"DOI": "10.2334/josnusd.19-0141",
"MAG": "3032460212",
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"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/josnusd/62/3/62_19-0141/_pdf"
} | Orexins (Oxs) are multifunctional neuropeptides, secreted from the lateral hypothalamus, that stimulate feeding behavior and energy expenditure. In this study, the direct effects of Oxs on the membrane properties of trigeminal motoneurons (TMNs) were examined, which critically participate in the genesis of rhythmical oral motor activities underlying suckling and mastication. Sprague-Dawley rats (3-6 day-old) were used to obtain whole-cell patch-clamp recordings from TMNs. Bath application of Ox-A depolarized the membrane potential and induced inward current, wherein Na+ and Ca2+ were charge carriers. Transient receptor potential channel activation potentially contributed to current and voltage responses by way of Ox-A. Ox-A increased the peak amplitude and duration at half-amplitude of the medium-duration after hyperpolarization following the action potential. The interspike frequency of steady-state firings during repetitive discharge was increased, along with a shift in the frequency-current relationship occurring toward the left. Extracellular and intracellular Ca2+ were involved in regulating modulatory effects, but a requisite level of intracellular Ca2+ was not essential for Ox-induced upregulation of the interspike frequency. Ox-A also enhanced conditional bursting induced by N-methyl-d-aspartate and 5-HT, suggesting it participates in modulating TMNs' discharge patterns during various oral motor activities. | 2022-12-03T04:26:38.703Z |
26,455,016 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/ACSAMI.6B06081",
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} | An efficient hole extraction layer (HEL) is critical to achieve high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). In this study, we developed a pinhole-free and efficient HEL based on MoS2 quantum dots (QDs) combined with UV-ozone (UVO) treatment. The optophysical properties and morphology of MoS2 QDs and their photovoltaic performance are investigated. The results showed that MoS2 QDs can form homogeneous films and can be applied as an interfacial layer not only for donors with shallow highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) but also for those with deep HOMO energy levels after UVO treatment (O-MoS2 QDs). The solar cells based on O-MoS2 QDs yield a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 8.66%, which is 71% and 12% higher than those of the OSCs with pristine MoS2 QD and O-MoS2 nanosheets, respectively, and the highest PCEs for OSCs containing MoS2 materials. Furthermore, the stability of solar cells based on MoS2 QDs is greatly improved in comparison with state-of-the-art PEDOT:PSS. These results demonstrate the great potential of O-MoS2 QDs as an efficient HEL for high-performance OSCs. | 2022-12-21T19:43:47.705Z |
224,770,157 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3389/fcell.2020.585619",
"MAG": "3094449254",
"PubMedCentral": "7606982"
},
"license": "CCBY",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2020.585619/pdf"
} | Cortactin, a member of the actin-binding protein family, plays an important role in cell movement involving the cytoskeleton, as cell movement mediated by cortactin may induce the epithelial–mesenchymal transition. Cortactin participates in tumor proliferation, migration, and invasion and other related disease processes by binding to different proteins and participating in different pathways and mechanisms that induce the occurrence of these disease processes. Therefore, this article reviews the correlations between cortactin, the actin cytoskeleton, and the epithelial–mesenchymal transition and discusses its clinical importance in tumor therapy. | 2022-12-25T02:31:38.309Z |
7,900,471 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/TPAMI.2007.70713",
"MAG": "2080479039",
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} | In this paper, we propose an image segmentation technique based on augmenting the conformal (or geodesic) active contour framework with directional information. In the isotropic case, the euclidean metric is locally multiplied by a scalar conformal factor based on image information such that the weighted length of curves lying on points of interest (typically edges) is small. The conformal factor that is chosen depends only upon position and is in this sense isotropic. Although directional information has been studied previously for other segmentation frameworks, here, we show that if one desires to add directionality in the conformal active contour framework, then one gets a well-defined minimization problem in the case that the factor defines a Finsler metric. Optimal curves may be obtained using the calculus of variations or dynamic programming-based schemes. Finally, we demonstrate the technique by extracting roads from aerial imagery, blood vessels from medical angiograms, and neural tracts from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imagery. | 2022-12-27T10:33:05.702Z |
194,306 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1136/hrt.2003.026641",
"MAG": "2110115921",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://heart.bmj.com/content/90/10/1167.full.pdf"
} | Objective: To describe the treatment and long term outcome after immunosuppressive treatment of children with myocarditis. Methods and results: 114 patients with newly diagnosed dilated cardiomyopathy were divided into three groups, according to the histological pattern: group A, acute myocarditis; group B, borderline myocarditis; and group C, non-inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Groups A and B were treated with cyclosporine and prednisone in addition to conventional treatment. Survivors of the whole cohort were analysed for 13 year transplant-free survival and assessed for left ventricular function. Event-free survival at 13 years was 97 (3)% for group A, 70 (8)% for group B, and 32 (7)% for group C (p < 0.0001). It was 96 (4)% at one year and 83 (5)% at 13 years for the cumulated myocarditis group (A and B). Cardiac function recovered completely in 79% of survivors in group A, 64% in group B, and 36% in group C. The rate of complete recovery in the cumulated group (A and B) was 70%. Conclusions: The high long term survival rate of this cohort of children with myocarditis is probably due to the effect of short term immunosuppression. This result differs from previously published series of conventionally treated children, whose survival probability at one year was about 60%. | 2022-12-30T18:32:04.466Z |
223,886,276 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1004-6461.2006.11.017",
"MAG": "3031760898",
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} | 目的 探讨玻璃体视网膜手术对增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)12眼.经标准的玻璃体视网膜手术治疗后的临床观察,对术前术后视力、手术并发症等进行重点观察分析.结果 术后视力提高至0.1及以上者9眼(75.00%),数指～0.1者2眼(16.67%),未提高1眼(8.33%).结论 玻璃体视网膜手术可以部分改善PDR的视功能,建议玻璃体积血后应早期进行手术治疗。 | 2022-02-08T00:33:12.030Z |
70,826,329 | {
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"DOI": "10.1055/s-2004-828095",
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} | Ziele: The purpose of this endeavour was to combine the price drop in harddisk storage with freeware to build a PACS solution for our university hospital. Methode: The used program for DICOM communication and archiving is the freely available Conquest DICOM Server software running against a Microsoft SQL Server database on Windows 2000 Professional. As hardware we chose the personal computer (PC) platform. The computer was ordered and built at a local hardware store with our description. It uses dual AMD Athlons 2 Gbyte RAM. An external IDE RAID system with 12 160Gbyte hard disks is connected by SCSI interface. The RAID system is configured as RAID 5 with a hot spare disk resulting in 1,5 Tbyte of available and redundant disk space. Backup of the data is done on a CD-R robotic system. The price of the hardware was 15.000$ at the time of purchase (6/2002). Ergebnis: The system runs now for over two years flawlessly. Connected to the server are 2 CT scanners (1 Multislice, 1 spiral CT), 2 MR Scanners, 2 DSA workplaces and 2 digital flouroscopy workplaces. They produce a total of 60 Gbyte of data per month. 20 reading workstations are connected to the system running eFilm software from Merge. Schlussfolgerung: Our Public Domain and Open Source Software based PACS proved to be highly reliable. No data loss occurred. We fully recommend this PACS solution. | 2022-02-11T11:16:51.258Z |
224,836,384 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1086/327820",
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},
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"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/pdfplus/10.1086/327820"
} | hypotheses are developed. For example, "the making of a daisy" is presented as "a study in evolution," and the processes involved, from " the beautiful, flowerless fern-trees and gigantic mosses," where "the arrangements for reproduction are so complicated that it is almost impossible for any person to understand them" (as presumably they do in seed plants), to the daisy, are something that would amaze the morphologist. "Looking carefully amongst the fronds of some palm-like fern," the author fancies that she "might have discovered two small objects," "the one had a yellow, powdery head, whilst the surface of the other was more or less sticky." These "small objects" discovered in imagination on an ancient tree fern are "a single stamen and a single naked ovule," the "first parents of the flowers." It is this sort of wild imagination that seems to the reviewer to do more harm than good. There is a constant outcry throughout the book against the " hard words" of the science, but in the chapter on the "relationship of the flowers," the pages fairly bristle with the old morphology in reference to "cohesion," "adhesion," "suppression," etc., and such group names as " Dichlamydeze," "Thalamiflorac," " Calyciflorax," etc. It should be understood that the reviewer makes no objection to the book as a piece of sentimental literature, but as "a popular introduction to botany" he must protest against it.J. M. C. | 2022-09-09T10:49:24.958Z |
20,733,889 | {
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} | In the title compound, [Mg(H2O)6](C7H4NO4)2, a single six-coordinate Mg2+ cation (site symmetry 2/m) is bonded to six water molecules in a distorted octahedral geometry. The crystal packing between the complex cation and the zwitterionic organic cation (m symmetry) is stabilized by intermolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and weak intermolecular C—H⋯O interactions. | 2022-11-25T00:50:55.476Z |
59,446,004 | {
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} | Low impact development (LID) is increasingly being viewed by local governments and developers alike as a viable approach to stormwater management that can effectively protect aquatic habitat and water quality. LID relies on distributed runoff management measures that seek to control stormwater volume at the source by reducing imperviousness and retaining, infil- trating and reusing rainwater at the development site. Early conventional stormwater management practices tended to focus on stormwater quantity and controlling a few extreme rainfall events, whereas the more frequent storms, which represent the majority of total runoff volume, carry most of the pollutants, and control the geomorphology of streams, were addressed in stormwater quality design practiced during the last decade. These frequent events are most effectively managed with a volume control approach, often described as stormwa- ter source control or Low impact development (LID). Such an approach is described in this paper, demonstrating how water balance modelling can be an effective tool for evaluating and supporting implementation of LID options such as bioretention, pervious paving, numerous types of infiltration systems, rainwater reuse and green roofs. It also discusses recently developed water balance modelling software, including an Internet-based planning tool and a design optimization tool. | 2022-12-04T18:55:04.686Z |
10,713,360 | {
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"DOI": "10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00352",
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"url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00352/pdf"
} | Song composers incorporate linguistic prosody into their music when setting words to melody, a process called “textsetting.” Composers tend to align the expected stress of the lyrics with strong metrical positions in the music. The present study was designed to explore the idea that temporal alignment helps listeners to better understand song lyrics by directing listeners’ attention to instances where strong syllables occur on strong beats. Three types of textsettings were created by aligning metronome clicks with all, some or none of the strong syllables in sung sentences. Electroencephalographic recordings were taken while participants listened to the sung sentences (primes) and performed a lexical decision task on subsequent words and pseudowords (targets, presented visually). Comparison of misaligned and well-aligned sentences showed that temporal alignment between strong/weak syllables and strong/weak musical beats were associated with modulations of induced beta and evoked gamma power, which have been shown to fluctuate with rhythmic expectancies. Furthermore, targets that followed well-aligned primes elicited greater induced alpha and beta activity, and better lexical decision task performance, compared with targets that followed misaligned and varied sentences. Overall, these findings suggest that alignment of linguistic stress and musical meter in song enhances musical beat tracking and comprehension of lyrics by synchronizing neural activity with strong syllables. This approach may begin to explain the mechanisms underlying the relationship between linguistic and musical rhythm in songs, and how rhythmic attending facilitates learning and recall of song lyrics. Moreover, the observations reported here coincide with a growing number of studies reporting interactions between the linguistic and musical dimensions of song, which likely stem from shared neural resources for processing music and speech. | 2022-12-11T12:23:11.304Z |
219,588,552 | {
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"DOI": "10.3390/brainsci10060354",
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"url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/10/6/354/pdf?version=1591589656"
} | Limited research has been done on the risk and predisposing factors of catatonic symptoms induced by traumatic events. There seem to be two types or constructs of conditioning that predispose an individual to catatonic symptoms in response to traumatic events: external conditioning and internal conditioning. Here, we review a study that found a significant correlation between the Bush–Francis Catatonia Scale and the Adverse Childhood Experience questionnaire; we also review studies of rats that were conditioned to expect an electric shock who developed catatonia-like immobility without the shock being applied. We also review the clinical case report of a previously traumatized individual. | 2022-12-15T14:28:37.431Z |
45,282,013 | {
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} | Nurses and allied professionals are at the forefront of care delivery in patients with arrythmogenic risk and have a responsibility to deliver care that is focused on their individual needs. The 2015 European Society of Cardiology guideline on prevention of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death heralds a step-change in patient and family focus and interdisciplinary involvement. This development reflects a recognition within the European Society of Cardiology that chronic care of patients with cardiovascular conditions can be improved by involving all stakeholders, making use of multidisciplinary interventions, and placing the patient at the centre of the care process. In this article, taskforce contributors discuss the latest evidence and highlight some of the most pertinent issues for nurses involved in patient-centred care of patients and families with ventricular arrhythmias and/or risk of sudden death. | 2022-12-16T15:26:02.325Z |
1,299,332 | {
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} | The role of angiogenesis in lymphoproliferative diseases is not well established. We demonstrate here that human lymphoma cells secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and express VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR-1) and VEGFR-2. Proliferation of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cells under serum-free conditions was enhanced by the addition of VEGF and was blocked by VEGFR-1- and VEGFR-2-specific antibodies. To differentiate between VEGF-mediated autocrine and paracrine effects on lymphoma growth, NOD/SCID mice engrafted with human diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were treated with species-specific antibodies against human VEGFR-1 (6.12), human VEGFR-2 (IMC-1C11), murine VEGFR-1 (MF-1), or murine VEGFR-2 (DC101). Treatment with 6.12 or DC101 (targeting tumor VEGFR-1 and host VEGFR-2) reduced established DLBCL xenograft growth, whereas treatment with IMC-1C11 or MF-1 (targeting tumor VEGFR-1 and host VEGFR-1) had no effect. Decreased tumor volumes after 6.12 and DC101 treatment correlated with increased tumor apoptosis and reduced vascularization, respectively, supporting the presence of autocrine VEGFR-1- and paracrine VEGFR-2-mediated pathways in lymphomagenesis. Inhibition of paracrine VEGF interactions (DC101) in these models was equivalent to their inhibition with rituximab. Combining DC101 with therapeutic agents (rituximab, 6.12, methotrexate) consistently improved tumor responses over those of single-agent therapy. These data support the further clinical development of VEGFR-targeted approaches for the therapy of aggressive DLBCL. | 2022-12-16T23:03:26.825Z |
39,267,166 | {
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"DOI": "10.1080/08998280.2017.11929571",
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"url": "https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/08998280.2017.11929571?needAccess=true"
} | Nitrous oxide is a gas that is odorless, colorless, and has a sweet taste at room temperature. Nitrous oxide has several uses, including in surgery and dentistry (referred to as “laughing gas”), in automotive racing, and in aerosol spray propellants. The aerosol spray propellants that typically use nitrous oxide are whipped cream canisters and cooking sprays. Unfortunately, these over-the-counter household items are a source of nitrous oxide that can be used for recreational use. The most popular is the use of industrial-grade canisters having the slang term “whippets.” The nitrous oxide can be extracted by pushing the nozzle down slightly to the side and catching the released gas with a balloon. The contents of the balloon can then be directly inhaled, giving an instant feeling of euphoria. This is not a benign means to achieve a euphoric state but can cause severe nitrous oxide–induced B12 deficiency, which is presented in this case report. | 2022-12-17T09:50:12.635Z |
24,891,490 | {
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"DOI": "10.1111/ajt.13982",
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} | Several viruses, such as Epstein–Barr virus, are now known to be associated with several human cancers, but not all patients with these viral infections develop cancer. In transplantation, such viruses often have a prolonged time gap from infection to cancer development, and many are preceded by a period of circulating and detectable nucleic acids in the peripheral blood compartment. The interpretation of a viral load as a measure of posttransplant risk of developing cancer depends on the virus, the cancer and associated pathogenic factors. This review describes the current state of knowledge regarding the utility and limitations of peripheral blood nucleic acid testing for Epstein–Barr virus in surveillance and risk prediction for posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders. | 2022-12-23T02:15:15.362Z |
254,612,537 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/17474930221147164",
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"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://clok.uclan.ac.uk/44961/1/44957%20Jones%20S%202022%20Stroke%20in%20Africa%20-%20a%20systematic%20review%20and%20meta-analysis%20of%20the%20incidence%20and%20case-fatality%20rates.pdf"
} | Background: The burden of stroke (a leading cause of disability and mortality) in Africa appears to be increasing, but a systematic review of the best available data to support or refute this observation is lacking. Aim: To determine the incidence and one-month case-fatality rates from high-quality studies of stroke epidemiology among Africans. Summary of review: We searched and retrieved eligible articles on stroke epidemiology among indigenous Africans in bibliographic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Cochrane library) using predefined search terms from the earliest records through January 2022. Methodological assessment of eligible studies was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Pooling of incidence and case-fatality rates was performed via generalized linear models (Poisson-Normal random-effects model). Of the 922 articles retrieved, fourteen studies were eligible for inclusion. The total number of stroke cases was 5,104 (mean: 365 SD: 254) with a population denominator (total sample size included in population-based registries or those who agreed to participate in door-to-door community studies) of 3,638,304. The pooled crude incidence rate of stroke per 100,000 persons in Africa was 106.49 (95% CI 58.59–193.55), I2 = 99.6%. The point estimate of the crude incidence rate was higher among males, 111.33 (95% CI 56.31–220.12), I2 = 99.2% than females, 91.14 (95% CI 47.09–176.37), I2 = 98.9%. One–month case-fatality rate was 24.45 (95% CI 16.84–35.50), I2 = 96.8% with lower estimates among males, 22.68 (95% CI 18.62–27.63), I2 = 12.9% than females, 27.57 (95% CI 21.47–35.40), I2 = 51.6%. Conclusions: The burden of stroke in Africa remains very high. However, little is known about the dynamics of stroke epidemiology among Africans due to the dearth of high-quality evidence. Further continent-wide rigorous epidemiological studies and surveillance programs using the World Health Organization STEPwise approach to Surveillance (WHO STEPS) framework are needed. | 2022-12-30T00:10:17.214Z |
180,083,480 | {
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"DOI": "10.22059/jlib.2015.53771",
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} | هدف: هدف اصلی این پژوهش، مقایسۀ اثربخشی کتابدرمانی و رفتاردرمانی شناختی بر افسردگی دانشجویان کارشناسی دچار شکست عاطفی است. روش: این پژوهش به روش نیمهآزمایشی همراه با پیشآزمون و پسآزمون و گروه کنترل انجام گرفته است. جامعۀ آماری شامل تمامی دانشجویانی است که به مرکز مشاورۀ دانشگاه خوارزمی مراجعه کردند و با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری در دسترس، 20 نفر از دانشجویان مقطع کارشناسی که دچار شکست عاطفی شده بودند، بهعنوان نمونه بررسی شدند. یافتهها و نتایج: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که هم روش کتابدرمانی و هم رفتاردرمانی شناختی در کاهش افسردگی دانشجویان گرفتار شکست عاطفی مؤثرند. همچنین بین اثربخشی روشهای کتابدرمانی و رفتاردرمانی شناختی در کاهش افسردگی دانشجویان دچار شکست عاطفی تفاوت معناداری مشاهده نشد. | 2022-01-24T18:21:57.059Z |
84,599,554 | {
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"DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2990.1981.tb00233.x",
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} | The cerebellar external granular layer and the hippocampal dentate fascia were studied in the brain of infants born at gestational ages 34-40 wk and surviving for up to 2 months, using standard histological methods and a modification of the method for ‘supravital DNA synthesis’ of Rakic & Sidman (J. Neuropath exp. Neurol. 27, 246, 1968). In adequately fixed postmortem tissue, mitotic activity could be detected at both sites throughout the age range studied, and with a distribution identical to that described in studies of postnatal neurogenesis in the rat. In autoradiographs of tissue incubated in medium containing (3H)-thymidine a reproducible pattern of nuclear labelling was seen in the external granular layer, corresponding to that observed in the rat and with a labelling index up to 18%. It would appear that in man as well as in the rat postnatal generation of microneurones occurs from secondary germinal sites and forebrain. | 2022-02-11T00:11:40.961Z |
56,906,146 | {
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"DOI": "10.5573/IEIE.2014.51.5.207",
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} | In this paper, we propose a Micro Real-Time Control System (MRTCS) for decreasing the delay during interrupts processing and data transfer on sensor nodes. The MRTCS consists of a control, sensor nodes based on Controller Area Network (CAN) device. The control node was designed with Real Time Operating System (RTOS) on top of the small Micro Control Unit (sMCU). Sensor nodes have the CAN device without sMCU, which have multiple Digital Inputs, Outputs (DI/DO) and the CAN controller. We have evaluated with OCTAVE v3.6.4 from open source for system performance. Simulation results show that the system performance was increased through the delay reducing for interrupt processing and internal data transfer. We verify that a proposed MRTCS approach will be adapted to various real-time control system. | 2022-02-11T18:20:55.519Z |
236,727,431 | {
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"DOI": "10.33994/KNDISE.2020.66.50",
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} | At the stages of preparing materials for conducting a forensic linguistic examination and in the process of research, problematic issues of a procedural and methodological nature arise, which are debatable due to the lack of regulation and the absence of systematic scientific theoretical research in the field of linguistic examination. The analysis of expert practice indicates the need for further developments in the field of forensic linguistic expertise, based on which the author makes proposals for improving the methods of authorship research and the development of directions for further research in the field of semantic and textual research. The author focuses on the need to carry out developments in the field of linguistic expertise, taking into account not only the current practice of conducting forensic linguistic expertise. Also taking into account the generalization of new literary sources, the number of which is increasing and the data of which are of interest to linguistic expertise from the point of view of analyzing emerging in the field of modern linguistics problems, as well as the socio-political situation in the country.
Attention is drawn to the fact that the judicial and investigative authorities appoint linguistic examinations at almost all stages of the consideration of cases/proceedings or the investigation of offenses, and it is also becoming increasingly popular in connection with the appeals of individuals/legal entities. The data of the conducted research can serve as the basis for the creation of new directions of research in the field of forensic linguistic examination and contribute to the development of its theoretical and methodological foundations. | 2022-02-18T01:04:21.173Z |
1,376,210 | {
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"DOI": "10.1001/JAMA.1988.03720090001001",
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} | ABSTRACT AS predicted (JAMA 1988;259:329-332), some intravenous (IV) drug users in New York City will begin receiving sterile needles and syringes from city health workers sometime this spring, after health officials received special approval from State Health Commissioner David Axelrod, MD, to dispense them. It is believed to be the first such program in the United States.The needle-exchange idea has been proposed for some time as one approach to slowing the spread of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), but, until now, state law has prohibited possession of needles without a prescription. As recently as December, a private foundation that publicized its plan to distribute needles and syringes was threatened with legal sanctions.However, under the provisions of the state's public health laws, the commissioner has the authority to permit individuals or groups to possess needles without a prescription if he deems it of benefit for the public health. According to Faith | 2022-09-08T19:58:31.599Z |
17,312,909 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.20965/jaciii.2011.p1310",
"MAG": "2103966986",
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},
"license": "CCBYND",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2011.p1310"
} | In this paper, a Structured Differential Evolution (StDE) that has multiple populations, or islands, is proposed. Since various characteristic strategies have been contrived for DE, the proposed StDE uses different strategies in respective islands. This technique is called mixed strategies. Therefore, it can be expected that the proposed StDE is effective for a wide range of optimization problems. Although various networks among islands are reported for island-based evolutionary algorithms, the most common one, namely the ring network is employed by StDE. However, in order to enhance the performance of proposed StDE, various migration policies are examined in the ring network though a variety of benchmark problems. | 2022-09-16T16:17:32.801Z |
21,643,859 | {
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"DOI": "10.3748/WJG.V10.I10.1480",
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} | AIM
To detect the markers of oval cells in adult rat liver and to enrich them for further analysis of characterization in vitro.
METHODS
Rat model for hepatic oval cell proliferation was established with 2-acetylaminofluorene and two third partial hepatectomy (2-AAF/PH). Paraffin embedded rat liver sections from model (11 d after hepatectomy) and control groups were stained with HE and OV6, cytokeratin19 (CK19), albumin, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), connexin43, and c-kit antibodies by immunohistochemistry. Oval cell proliferation was measured with BrdU incorporation test. C-kit positive oval cells were enriched by using magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS). The sorted oval cells were cultured in a low density to observe colony formation and to examine their characterization in vitro by immunocytochemistry and RT-PCR.
RESULTS
A 2-AAF/PH model was successfully established to activate the oval cell compartment in rat liver. BrdU incorporation test of oval cell was positive. The hepatic oval cells coexpressed oval cell specific marker OV6, hepatocyte-marker albumin and cholangiocyte-marker CK19. They also expressed AFP and connexin 43. C-kit, one hematopoietic stem cell receptor, was expressed in hepatic oval cells at high levels. By using c-kit antibody in conjunction with MACS, we developed a rapid oval cell isolation protocol. The sorted cells formed colony when cultured in vitro. Cells in the colony expressed albumin or CK19 or coexpressed both and BrdU incorporation test was positive. RT-PCR on colony showed expression of albumin and CK19 gene.
CONCLUSION
Hepatic oval cells in the 2-AAF/PH model had the properties of hepatic stem/progenitor cells. Using MACS, we established a method to isolate oval cells. The sorted hepatic oval cells can form colony in vitro which expresses different combinations of phenotypic markers and genes from both hepatocytes and cholangiocyte lineage. | 2022-12-10T12:35:35.217Z |
1,873,143 | {
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"DOI": "10.2307/3561963",
"MAG": "2043452432",
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} |
The failure of the California Humane and Dignified Death Initiative to receive enough signatures to place it on the November 1988 ballot is analyzed in relation to the California referendum process, provisions of the initiative, and public opinion polls on euthanasia. Assumptions that the California electorate strongly supported the initiative to legalize the provision by doctors of active euthanasia services were the product of wishful thinking and poor polls; the extent to which the referendum's failure involves deep-seated reservations about euthanasia cannot be specified, but must be suspected as a more powerful cause than poor organization.
| 2022-12-18T11:25:17.987Z |
95,240,435 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.1658632",
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} | The temperature dependence of the coefficient of thermal expansion of a number of ionic and partially ionic crystals is calculated using a modified rigid ion model and a shell model of lattice dynamics. The model parameters are obtained from long‐wavelength optic mode frequencies, elastic constants and the high‐and low‐frequency dielectric constants. Using the pressure derivatives of these quantities, mode‐Gruneisen parameters as functions of wave vectors are next obtained. Thermal expansion coefficient is calculated from the Gruneisen parameters in the quasiharmonic approximation. The calculated values compare well with experimental data. | 2022-09-14T19:54:19.143Z |
237,289,934 | {
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.12998/wjcc.v9.i23.6832",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "8362503"
},
"license": "CCBYNC",
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i23.6832"
} | BACKGROUND Triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome (TPT-PS) is a rare type of congenital limb deformity, and most studies focus on the genetics. Case reports of the sonographic characteristics of TPT-PS during pregnancy are rare. CASE SUMMARY A 30-year-old woman (G3P1) who had pregnancies with TPT-PS fetuses is presented. The possibility of TPT-PS was shown by ultrasound performed at the 19th wk of pregnancy, featuring hands with six metacarpals, an extra digit at the 5th finger side, and an abnormally widened thumb. Whole-exome sequencing was subsequently conducted. The results showed that exons 1-17 of the LMBR1 gene had a heterozygous duplication, with a length of approximately 253 kb. CONCLUSION We suggest prenatal ultrasound examination combined with genetic testing to diagnose TPT-PS accurately and to help clinicians and patients make decisions. | 2022-01-27T21:02:41.792Z |
98,778,545 | {
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"DOI": "10.1246/BCSJ.36.879",
"MAG": "2064384427",
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} | 1) The gas chromatographic separation of the isomer of aromatic hydrocarbons has been investigated on the aromatic stationary liquids.2) It has been established from the experimental results on the xylene series that the S12–σp diagram of Fig. 1 of the previous paper4) is applicable to the separation of the ethyltoluene series.3) ΔS12 has been defined, and it has been proven that this value was roughly constant between two series of dialkylbenzenes. Moreover, this value seems to throw a light on the prediction of the separation of the isomers of aromatic hydrocarbons.4) This separation seems to be affected by π-complex formation between aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic stationary liquids of both the π-acidic and π-basic types. | 2022-09-11T10:16:21.571Z |
207,259,038 | {
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"DOI": "10.1309/AJCPOI1DESU8MTHZ",
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},
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"url": null
} | There are solid criteria for diagnosing malignancy when the biopsy specimen is adequate, the disease is advanced, and the clinical and radiological findings are supportive. Once malignancy has been established, there are reliable immunohistochemical panels for distinguishing mesothelioma from metastatic tumors. 1 However, the diagnostic problem of dif-ferentiating benign from malignant mesothelial proliferations arises when the biopsy specimen is small, there is no invasion of pre-existing tissues such as fat, muscle, or lung, and there is no obvious expansile tumor growth. This diagnosis is even more problematic in cytologic specimens. | 2022-11-11T07:58:40.745Z |
220,387,040 | {
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"DOI": "10.1177/1073110520935335",
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} | Patients living with chronic pain require appropriate access to opioid therapy along with improved access to pain care and additional therapeutic options. It's both medically reasonable and ethical to consider opioid therapy as a treatment option in the management of chronic, non-cancer pain for a subset of patients with severe pain that is unresponsive to other therapies (e.g., injections, other medications, integrative strategies), negatively impacts function or quality of life, and will likely outweigh the potential harms. This paper will examine opioid therapy in the setting of the opioid epidemic, why critics feel that the CDC guideline has resulted in harsh consequences for patients and their physicians, and the rationale for opioid therapy as a means of providing ethical and compassionate pain care. | 2022-08-25T16:35:10.424Z |
25,453,655 | {
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"DOI": "10.1093/JMICRO/50.6.435",
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} | A method is proposed for the local atomic distribution function analysis of amorphous materials. This method is based on local halo-electron diffraction intensity analysis with nano-sized electron probes as small as 25 to approximately 3 nm, taking advantage of the intensity recording with imaging plate. Nanodiffraction and selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns from an amorphous SiNx (x approximately 4/3) thin film were taken using a conventional transmission electron microscope operated at 200 kV and recorded on imaging plates. An intensity correction to omit inelastic intensity was made using electron energy-loss spectroscopy. When a beam-convergence angle is larger than 1 x 10(-3) rad, the Wiener-filter deconvolution method becomes helpful in producing atomic pair distribution functions (PDFs) from the nano-diffraction intensity profiles that are more similar to the PDF from the SAED intensity. This technique was applied to the analysis of local amorphous structures of SiO2 layers formed by an oxygen-ion implantation into single crystal SiC. | 2022-12-03T21:35:36.774Z |
35,329,150 | {
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} | What would the demographics of typical science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) programs in the United States look like if the ratio of females going into those fields approached the ratio of females showing an aptitude and an affinity for STEM fields prior to puberty? The School of Engineering and Computer Science (ECS) at Baylor University, in conjunction with the student sections of the Society of Women Engineers (SWE) and the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), has designed an annual girl scout day camp for brownies (ages six, seven, and eight) and Junior (ages nine, ten, and eleven) girl scouts. This paper reviews the current research on the retention of females, especially in the elementary ages, in the STEM areas; document the design and development of the annual girl scout day camp, including the multi-year rotation of badges and activities offered; as well as the feedback from the local and area girl scout councils, troop leaders, and parents. In future years we hope to be able to determine whether involvement in this type of activity has any significant effect on the recruitment of females as they approach high school and college, or the retention of current ECS females. | 2022-12-16T14:03:43.557Z |
254,631,027 | {
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} | The suspension cable structure with a small rise-span ratio (less than 1/30) is adopted in the flexible photovoltaic support, and it has strong geometric nonlinearity. Based on the principle of energy, the increment of cable force and the change of cable displacement under concentrated force are derived for the suspension cable in an equilibrium state under uniform distributed load, and the equivalent bending stiffness of simply supported beam under bending is given. Considering the strain energy generated by cable force variation, the method presented in the paper has higher calculation accuracy for suspension cable structures with a small rise-span ratio, and includes the special case of a large rise-span ratio. An engineering example of flexible photovoltaic support with a span of 15m is calculated and analyzed, and then compared with the finite element calculation results. The results show that the calculation error is less than 1% when the rise is 0.4 m, and the calculation error is less than 3% when the rise is 1.5m. The calculation formula in the paper is simple and accurate, which can provide a reference for static analysis and structural design of flexible photovoltaic support. | 2022-12-16T15:48:44.914Z |
93,662,267 | {
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} | The evolution of molecular graphics is briefly discussed. The utility of simplified representations of complex molecular assemblies is illustrated with several examples from the authors' previously published works. | 2022-12-20T00:32:33.431Z |
158,400,514 | {
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} | One of the goals of the information society is cooperation with the use of technical resources and information. Knowledge is not associated with any element of the structure, but results from the process of cooperation.Therefore, the requirements regarding the eff ectiveness of the formulation and processing of knowledge are increasing. The problem of not being mature enough to autonomously participate in the global exchange of information relates inter alia to students who engage in various social activities with the use of IT. in the case of university students, who have mature personalities and for whom self-reliance and problem solving orientation are of key importance, diff erent rules of cooperation with lecturers are necessary. The uniqueness of a person’s situation in the knowledge society lies in the extent of the collection and processing of knowledge. | 2022-01-27T17:32:36.158Z |
6,946,999 | {
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} | A generalized controller for induction motor drive systems is proposed based on modern control theory. It gives a unified viewpoint for the topologies of all vector controllers proposed until now. It includes almost all of the existing controllers, and its connections with the conventional vector controllers are explored. A systematic way to enhance the robustness property of the vector control system is also pointed out.<<ETX>> | 2022-09-05T20:16:31.499Z |
12,909,532 | {
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} | In this work we describe a new algorithm to mine tree structured data. Our method computes an almost smallest supertree, based upon iteratively employing tree alignment. This supertree is a global pattern, that can be used both for descriptive and predictive data mining tasks. Experiments performed on two real datasets, show that our approach leads to a drastic compression of the database. Furthermore, when the resulting pattern is used for classi?cation, the results show a considerable improvement over existing algorithms. Moreover, the incremental nature of the algorithm provides a ?exible way of dealing with extension or reduction of the original dataset. Finally, the computation of the almost smallest supertree can be easily parallelized. | 2022-09-06T18:04:29.843Z |
97,564,774 | {
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} | A T-shaped complex formed between acetylene and bromine monochloride is identified and characterised through its rotational spectrum, as detected in a mixture of the two components by using a fast-mixing nozzle incorporated into a pulsed-nozzle, F–T microwave spectrometer. | 2022-12-02T03:51:27.286Z |
211,525,219 | {
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"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/mgg3.1194"
} | Relaxin/relaxin family peptide receptor 1 (RXFP1) signaling is important for both normal physiology and disease. Strong preclinical evidence supports relaxin as a potent antifibrotic molecule. However, relaxin‐based therapy failed in clinical trial in patients with systemic sclerosis. We and others have discovered that aberrant expression of RXFP1 may contribute to the abnormal relaxin/RXFP1 signaling in different diseases. Reduced RXFP1 expression and alternative splicing transcripts with potential functional consequences have been observed in fibrotic tissues. A relative decrease in RXFP1 expression in fibrotic tissues—specifically lung and skin—may explain a potential insensitivity to relaxin. In addition, receptor dimerization also plays important roles in relaxin/RXFP1 signaling. | 2022-12-03T16:53:33.211Z |
2,128,075 | {
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"DOI": "10.1136/adc.33.168.114",
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"url": "https://adc.bmj.com/content/33/168/114.full.pdf"
} | This new disease was first described last year by Dr. Hart and Professor Dent and their colleagues (Baron, Dent, Harris, Hart and Jepson, 1956) under the title 'Hereditary pellagra-like skin rash with temporary cerebellar ataxia, constant aminoaciduria, and other bizarre biochemical features'. The name 'Hartnup disease'-after the family then described-was later used in a reference to the syndrome by Harris (1957) and is that at present preferred by the original authors. No further accounts of cases have yet been published in this country and it seemed, therefore, that the following case was worthy of record. A brief reference to two further cases in Holland has been made by Jonxis (1957). | 2022-12-10T09:20:24.582Z |
207,331,725 | {
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"DOI": "10.2215/CJN.09901110",
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} | There is growing evidence that advanced use of the electronic health record (EHR) can address known problems in health care, such as quality ([1][1],[2][2]), safety ([3][3]), and cost ([4][4]). However, the use of EHRs has encountered financial, technical, and organizational barriers ([5][5]). The | 2022-12-16T15:12:13.432Z |
32,704,542 | {
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"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.1701685",
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} | We develop a new option pricing framework that tightly integrates with how institutional investors manage options positions. The framework starts with the near-term dynamics of the implied volatility surface and derives no-arbitrage constraints on its current shape. Within this framework, we show that just like option implied volatilities, realized and expected volatilities can also be constructed specific to, and different across, option contracts. Applying the new theory to the S&P 500 index time series and options data, we extract volatility risk and risk premium from the volatility surfaces, and find that the extracted risk premium significantly predicts future stock returns. | 2022-12-20T20:24:58.226Z |
221,589,294 | {
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"DOI": "10.1101/2020.09.03.282103",
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"url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2020/09/04/2020.09.03.282103.full.pdf"
} | Viral replication is dependent on interactions between viral polypeptides and host proteins. Identifying virus-host protein interactions can thus uncover unique opportunities for interfering with the virus life cycle via novel drug compounds or drug repurposing. Importantly, many viral-host protein interactions take place at intracellular membranes and poorly soluble organelles, which are difficult to profile using classical biochemical purification approaches. Applying proximity-dependent biotinylation (BioID) with the fast-acting miniTurbo enzyme to 27 SARS-CoV-2 proteins in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line (A549), we detected 7810 proximity interactions (7382 of which are new for SARS-CoV-2) with 2242 host proteins (results available at covid19interactome.org). These results complement and dramatically expand upon recent affinity purification-based studies identifying stable host-virus protein complexes, and offer an unparalleled view of membrane-associated processes critical for viral production. Host cell organellar markers were also subjected to BioID in parallel, allowing us to propose modes of action for several viral proteins in the context of host proteome remodelling. In summary, our dataset identifies numerous high confidence proximity partners for SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins, and describes potential mechanisms for their effects on specific host cell functions. | 2022-12-21T14:34:25.649Z |
219,355,639 | {
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"DOI": "10.2139/ssrn.2515772",
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"url": "https://www.york.ac.uk/media/economics/documents/hedg/workingpapers/1529.pdf"
} | In the last few years there has been an increasing public pressure in many countries to contain costs in the healthcare sector, leading many national governments to introduce some form of prospective payment system and to reduce the scope for global budgeting. In this paper we investigate whether the different reimbursement systems adopted in the Italian hospital sector affect significantly providers’ efficiency. Because of the high variation both in the financing and in the provision of healthcare services among regions and hospitals, Italy represents an interesting case study to test the impact of different financing mechanisms on hospital’s performance. To this purpose, we carry out a two-stage Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), where in the first-stage we estimate the DEA efficiency scores for all Italian hospitals and, then, in the second-stage, we regress the scores on different environmental variables, aiming to capture the role of different reimbursement systems. The results show a significant impact of the use of DRG-based PPS on hospital efficiency level. In particular, we find evidence that hospitals financed through PPS tend on average to be more efficient than those financed through global budget. | 2022-12-22T19:13:52.467Z |
7,720,422 | {
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} | Oncogene-mediated cellular transformation is a multistep process involving activation of growth-promoting pathways as well as inactivation of tumor suppressors. We recently found that ISGylation of the p53 tumor suppressor is an important novel mechanism to control its stability. Here we identified that Isg15-dependent regulation of p53 can be enhanced by different oncogenes. We further show that the Src-mediated phosphorylation of p53 on Tyr126 and Tyr220 has a positive effect on p53 ISGylation by enhancing Herc5 binding. In turn, deletion of Isg15 results in accumulation and activation of native p53 in transformed cells thus increasing its anti-cancer activity and suppressing tumorigenesis in mice. We propose that Isg15-dependent degradation of p53 is an alternative pathway for oncogenes to regulate p53 activity, and thus is an attractive pathway for development of new anti-cancer drugs. | 2022-12-24T14:12:26.380Z |
143,720,363 | {
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} | One interesting perspective from which to investigate participation processes is that of gender (Angelique & Culley, 2007). The disparity between male and female participation is evident, in particular when dealing with politics. The research reported here examines any differences between men and women in three different groups: non-participants (N = 201), social participants (N = 167) and political participants (N = 184). Two specific aspects were considered: (a) the perception of sociopolitical control, that is leadership competence and policy control, and (b) the perception of costs and benefits derived from participation. In focusing on such perceptions, if any difference could be evidenced, we aimed to investigate if this difference was determined by gender, by the type of participation or by the interaction of gender and participation. Data show that leadership competence and policy control were both influenced by the type of participation. An interaction effect of gender and type of commitment for policy control was observed and gender had a direct effect on leadership competence. These results suggest that the gender gap seems to be connected more to the context than to effective gender characteristics. Other data on the perception of costs and benefits are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. | 2022-12-24T18:25:55.680Z |
233,889,464 | {
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} |
Purpose
Despite the importance of the first Chinese language movement in the early 1970s that elevated the status of Chinese as an official language in British Hong Kong, the movement and the colonial state’s response remained under-explored. Drawing insights primarily from Bourdieu and Phillipson, this study aims to revisit the rationale and process of the colonial state’s incorporation of the Chinese language amid the 1970s.
Design/methodology/approach
This is a historical case study based on published news and declassified governmental documents.
Findings
The central tenet is that the colonial state’s cultural incorporation was the tactics that aimed to undermine the nationalistic appeal in Hong Kong society meanwhile contain the Chinese language movement from turning into political unrest. Incorporating the Chinese language into the official language regime, however, did not alter the pro-English linguistic hierarchy. Symbolic domination still prevailed as English was still considered as the more economically rewarding language comparing with Chinese, yet official recognition of Chinese language created a common linguistic ground amongst the Hong Kong Chinese and fostered a sense of local identity that based upon the use of the mother tongue, Cantonese. From the case of Hong Kong, it suggests that Bourdieu’s conceptualisation of state formation paid insufficient attention to the international context and the non-symbolic process of state-making itself could also shape the degree of the state’s symbolic power.
Originality/value
Extant studies on the Chinese language movement are overwhelmingly movement centred, this paper instead brings the colonial state back in so to re-examine the role of the state in the incorporative process of the Chinese language in Hong Kong.
| 2022-02-07T21:43:13.521Z |
241,872,853 | {
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} | The human and professional qualities of the physician from Santiago de Cuba Hugo Orlando Torres Aldrich, as well as his unconditional support to the Cuban Revolution, are exalted. He was pediatrician, cardiologist, educator of several generations of physicians, combatant of mountains and plain and tireless expert of medical sciences. With this work we surrender tribute to this noted personality whose life of valuable devotion to such a beautiful profession, is an example to the graduated students and to the future graduated students from the medicine career. | 2022-06-04T04:05:37.201Z |
233,411,989 | {
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"DOI": "10.11646/zootaxa.4952.3.12",
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} | Stoliczka (1870) described Hylorana nicobariensis from the Nicobar Islands of India. The generic allocation of this enigmatic species is yet to be fully resolved (Chan et al. 2020b) and it has been placed in different genera (Boulenger 1885; Frost et al. 2006; Che et al. 2007; Oliver et al. 2015; Chan et al. 2020a; Chandramouli et al. 2020). As of now, the species is assigned to the genus Indosylvirana (Oliver et al. 2015; Chan et al. 2020b; Frost 2020). Apart from Nicobar archipelago, this species is distributed in the insular regions of southeast Asia (Oliver et al. 2015; Chandramouli et al. 2020; Frost 2020) and the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Mizoram, Tripura and West Bengal in northeast India (Sarkar et al. 1992, 2002; Sarkar Ray 2006; Ahmed et al. 2009; Mathew Sen 2010; Lalremsanga 2011; Lalremsanga et al. 2015, 2016). However, Frost (2020) doubted the records of this species in northeast India. Systematic studies on the herpetofauna of northeast India based on molecular evidence are scanty (Lalronunga et al. 2020a), and species recorded from the area need confirmation (Frost 2020). Recent studies revealed that many species previously recorded from northeast India were based on misidentifications (Das et al. 2019; Giri et al. 2019; Lalronunga et al. 2020b), therefore, a review and revalidation on the herpetofaunal list of the area is warranted. Herein, we examined the identity of the species recorded as I. nicobariensis from northeast India using morphological data and a fragment of 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene. | 2022-08-19T22:57:26.618Z |
8,058,889 | {
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"url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/pr2000202.pdf"
} | Inborn errors of urea synthesis result in hyperammonemia. Sodium benzoate (SB) therapy has been beneficial in the treatment of hyperammonemia. It conjugates with glycine to form hippurate, which is then excreted. SB has also been used to treat children with nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH), where glycine is removed, on conjugation, as hippurate. In mammalian liver mitochondria, SB is activated by an ATP-dependent reaction to its CoA ester, before conjugation with glycine. Pantothenic acid (PA) is the precursor of CoA. In this investigation, increasing the amounts of PA increased CoA levels in HepG2 cells. It also significantly increased formation of hippurate in SB-treated cells. These findings suggest a beneficial effect of PA on the SB therapy in children with NKH as well as hyperammonemia. | 2022-09-01T09:18:35.667Z |
240,134,575 | {
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"url": "https://www.neurores.org/index.php/neurores/article/download/697/663"
} | Several neurological manifestations of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been reported, including cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). In this report, we discuss two cases of cerebral venous thrombosis in young patients with a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection and otherwise unrevealing workup. Case 1 was a 35-year-old man who was found unresponsive with urinary incontinence and vomitus on the floor. Computed tomography (CT) angiogram of the head revealed evidence of extensive venous thrombosis. Extensive workup for thrombotic disease was unrevealing and SARS-CoV-2 was detected via polymerase chain reaction. Anticoagulation was immediately initiated, and the patient made a good clinical recovery. Case 2 was a 31-year-old man who presented with severe decreased level of consciousness and was found to have extensive cerebral sinus thrombosis. Past medical history was significant for a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection diagnosed 12 days prior. The patient was treated with intravenous heparin and eventually oral anticoagulation with good clinical outcome. CVST is a potential cerebrovascular complication of SARS-CoV-2. We advise clinicians to consider this diagnosis in patients with a recent SARS-CoV-2 infection in the appropriate clinical setting. | 2022-09-05T22:56:36.579Z |
209,387,063 | {
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"DOI": "10.1098/rsbm.2019.0018",
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"url": "https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rsbm.2019.0018"
} | Edward Osmund Royle Reynolds was the founding father of neonatal medicine in the United Kingdom and a major leader in the field worldwide; he was a key advisor to government for a decade. He was one of the first paediatricians to specialize in the care of the newborn. He brought to the field a new emphasis on scientific medicine and intellectual rigour with an adventurous investigative and collaborative spirit. Known as Os by his colleagues, he inspired a team of clinicians and scientists who contributed to major advances in our understanding of lung disease in preterm infants and of neurological insults arising in the perinatal period that have contributed to the markedly improved survival and developmental outcomes observed in the twenty-first century compared with those of the 1950s and 1960s. The whole-body cooling, now widely utilized in the management of perinatal asphyxia, owes its introduction to the ground-breaking research utilizing magnetic resonance spectroscopy in animal and newborn studies initiated by Os. His enthusiasm for new ideas was often in evidence as was the breadth of his interests, knowledge and support. His wider influence is his legacy of the reports to government in which he was involved and is seen today in the National Neonatal Audit Programme run by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health since 2006. | 2022-09-05T18:35:21.827Z |
88,187,278 | {
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} | An unsuccessful attempt was made to induce a detectable tolerance to arsenic in individual silkworms (Bombyx mori) by administering by mouth a number of sublethal doses of neutral sodium arsenate solution during the course of larval development. | 2022-09-09T10:19:25.284Z |
250,071,262 | {
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"DOI": "10.1371/journal.pgen.1010293",
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"url": "https://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pgen.1010293&type=printable"
} | [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010171.]. | 2022-11-27T06:20:57.689Z |
208,039,995 | {
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} | The ocean gravity field has always been an important part of marine scientific research. Combining ship survey data and satellite data to obtain high-resolution and high-precision gravity data attracts many researchers. In this paper, we present two fusion methods of gravity anomaly data, which are data fusion based on the analysis of error trend surface and the data fusion method based on the combination of net function and fractal interpolation. The experimental results show that the data fusion based on the analysis of error trend surface can effectively improve the effect of data fusion. The data fusion method based on the combination of net function and fractal interpolation is not obvious for accuracy improvement, but it shows great potential in terms of detail. | 2022-12-10T07:25:45.321Z |
120,971,771 | {
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"DOI": "10.2514/1.11260",
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} | A two-dimensional inverse geometry problem, that is, a shape identification problem, of estimating the interfacial geometry in a multiple region domain, is solved in this study based on the conjugate gradient and boundary element methods. It is assumed that no prior information is available on the functional form of the unknown interfacial geometry in this work; thus, it is classified as the function estimation in the inverse calculation. The accuracy of the inverse analysis is examined using simulated temperature measurements. This approach can be applied to many applications, such as interfacial geometry identification for phase change (Stefan) problems. Numerical experiments using different numbers of sensors, measurement errors, and positions are performed to justify the validity of the present algorithm in solving the shape identification problem | 2022-12-11T03:50:49.409Z |
21,988,747 | {
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} | In heterogeneous networks, users are usually confronted with multiple covering base stations (BSs) that differ in the respects of transmit power, bandwidth resources, and so forth, which makes the user association problem more challenging. In this paper, we consider this problem by emphasizing the long-term effect of the user association policy against the dynamic wireless environment for each individual user. In particular, we exploit the stochastic game model to characterize users' non-cooperative behaviors that they compete for the limited resources at BSs for better services, where the reward function for users is defined as their infinite-horizon discounted sum rate. Such a formulation has the advantage to track the users' performance in the long run with respect to the channel state variations. The Nash equilibrium of the game is obtained from users' best-reply playing, which is formulated as a Markov decision process with the value iteration algorithm providing the solution. Furthermore, we specially analyze the two-BS scenario and derive the threshold-based results for the association policy. The simulation results demonstrate that, compared with the counterparts, our proposal achieves higher system sum rate with relatively lower frequency of handovers, and improves the fairness in terms of transmission rate among users. | 2022-12-18T13:19:51.533Z |
147,314,828 | {
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} | Research undertaken with one's own community can be complex and demanding. It can also be valuable and fulfilling. Those who take on this challenge must often straddle variant roles, values, and perspectives with the potential for the strictures and structures of the academic community to be at odds with those of the partner community in research endeavours. These ‘double insiders’ can be valued for their bridging capacity and insight. However, they are also likely to be called upon to negotiate or mediate expectations, tensions, and differences between the research partners. This paper takes a new approach to a complex issue that is being increasingly discussed inside the academy by employing an autoethnographical approach to examine, holistically, this kind of researcher positioning. This paper brings together researchers from three very different community contexts – women with breast cancer, Records Continuum researchers and practitioners, and Indigenous Australian communities – each pursuing diverse research projects related to information technology and recordkeeping. The recounting of each researcher's story and the subsequent shared discussion of key issues that emerge from each story relating to research design, reflexivity, and reciprocity offer new insights and considerations for frameworks addressing community-based research. | 2022-12-21T00:13:13.212Z |
7,349,365 | {
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"DOI": "10.1109/MWSCAS.2011.6026266",
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} | In this paper, we present a fully digital differential chaos based random number generator. The output of the digital circuit is proved to be chaotic by calculating the output time series maximum Lyapunov exponent. We introduce a new post processing technique to improve the distribution and statistical properties of the generated data. The post-processed output passes the NIST Sp. 800-22 statistical tests. The system is written in Verilog VHDL and realized on Xilinx Virtex® FPGA. The generator can fit into a very small area and have a maximum throughput of 2.1 Gb/s. | 2022-12-21T19:22:08.384Z |
93,222,998 | {
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"DOI": "10.1039/C0JM02823A",
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} | We report the formation of ZnO/SiO2 nanocomposite thin films. They are composed of 5 nm sized-wurtzite ZnO nanoparticles nucleated within vitreous SiO2 which was in the form of either an ordered mesoporous or a dense matrix. Mesoporous thin films were obtained by evaporation induced self-assembly from the chemical solution deposition of solutions containing TEOS, ZnCl2, and Pluronic-type block copolymers as structuring agent. Direct thermal treatment in air was applied to achieve the desired film characteristics. Dense or highly ordered mesoporous (pore size = 6 nm and pore volume = 60%) films can be achieved with high optical quality. When 50 mol% ZnO is used, the mesoporous films exhibit a very low refractive index of 1.17, which suggests a high accessible porosity that is ideal for molecular diffusion towards ZnO nanoparticles. In these films, the similar intensity of the UV and visible emission bands reveals a high amount of oxygen defects, making them well suited for applications in stimulated emitters, actuators, lasing cavities, or optical sensors. The present results are supported by in situ time-resolved grazing incident small angle X-ray scattering/wide angle X-ray scattering/thermal ellipsometry analysis experiments, which allow for the study of the crystallization kinetics of ZnO within amorphous matrices. The present work constitutes an example of a one-pot synthesis of divalent oxide nanoparticles dispersed in mesoporous silica that can virtually be extended to most divalent metal oxides, but also to other processing such as aerosol pulverisation of powders. | 2022-12-27T16:30:14.925Z |
233,687,810 | {
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"DOI": "10.1021/ACS.ENERGYFUELS.0C04406",
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} | The authors conducted droplet evaporation experiments of light cycle oil (LCO) at various ambient temperatures and pressures. Five kinds of LCO and three kinds of arranged fuels were used. We inves... | 2022-12-30T01:03:44.559Z |
225,271,583 | {
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"DOI": "10.29313/.V6I2.23580",
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} | Abstract. Candida albicans is a microflora of the body which can be pathogens when the body’s immunity decreases that resulting in infection. This infection could be handling by antifungal. As for some antifungal activity plants to Candida albicans are spice plants such as onion, garlic, turmeric, cinnamon, and lemongrass. The purpose of this study is to determine the antifungal activity of some species of the spice plants to Candida albicans and to determine secondary metabolite compounds of antifungal to Candida albicans . The method of this research is reviewing literature that published both nationally and internationally. According to the result of reviewing journals that some species of the spice plants that had an antifungal activity to Candida albicans are 50% onion extract, 150 μg / mL garlic water extract, 1% ethanol extract of cinnamon essential oil, and 2 μL of lemongrass essential oil extract included into the strong category, whereas 25% ethanol extract of garlic, 20 mg / mL; 12.5%; and 50% of turmeric ethanol extract was included in the weak category, and 20% extract of cinnamon essential oil and 0.5 μg / mL of lemongrass essential oil extract were included in the very strong category. The secondary metabolite compounds contained in the spice plant and had antifungal activities include essential oils, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, and tannin. Keywords: Spice plant, Candida albicans , Antifungal activity. Abstrak. Candida albicans merupakan mikroflora normal tubuh yang dapat bersifat patogen saat imunitas tubuh menurun sehingga dapat menyebabkan infeksi. Infeksi ini dapat diatasi dengan antijamur, adapun tanaman yang telah terbukti memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap Candida albicans diantaranya yaitu tanaman rempah seperti bawang merah, bawang putih, kunyit, kayu manis, dan serai dapur. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui aktivitas antijamur beberapa jenis tanaman rempah terhadap Candida albicans serta mengetahui golongan senyawa yang bersifat antijamur terhadap Candida albicans . Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu dengan mengkaji beberapa pustaka yang telah terpublikasi baik secara nasional maupun internasional. Berdasarkan hasil kajian jurnal bahwa beberapa jenis tanaman rempah yang memiliki aktivitas antijamur terhadap Candida albicans yaitu 50% ekstrak bawang merah, 150 μg/ mL ekstrak air bawang putih, 1% esktrak etanol minyak atsiri kayu manis, dan 2 μL ekstrak minyak atsiri serai termasuk ke dalam kategori kuat, sedangkan 25% ekstrak etanol bawang putih, 20 mg/mL; 12,5%; dan 50% ekstrak etanol kunyit termasuk ke dalam kategori lemah, serta 20% esktrak minyak atsiri kayu manis dan 0,5 μg/mL ekstrak minyak atsiri serai termasuk kategori sangat kuat. Adapun senyawa metabolit sekunder yang terkandung didalam tanaman rempah dan memiliki aktivitas antijamur diantaranya yaitu minyak atsiri, alkaloid, flavonoid, fenol, saponin, dan tannin. Kata Kunci: Tanaman rempah, Candida albicans , Aktivitas antijamur. | 2022-02-08T00:13:51.531Z |
128,352,921 | {
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"DOI": "10.1097/01.NPR.0000554675.55073.5a",
"MAG": "2937584494",
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},
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"url": null
} | Abstract: NPs can use the abductive, deductive, and inductive forms of reasoning to adopt a rational and consistent approach to transforming effective data into accurate diagnoses. A case example is used throughout the article to illustrate how these classic logical reasoning skills may be combined with knowledge and experience to address issues of diagnostic accuracy and decrease diagnostic errors. | 2022-02-09T15:41:26.044Z |
20,241,776 | {
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"DOI": "10.1055/S-0037-1615695",
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} | We report two novel mutations in the Factor X gene which result in a bleeding tendency in two unrelated Caucasian families. Although the mutations occur at adjacent codons in exon 8 and result in reduced functional activity with normal antigen levels, the patterns of inheritance appear to be quite distinct. Factor X Nottingham (alanine 404 threonine) appears to be associated with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. In contrast, Factor X Taunton (arginine 405 glycine) results in a mode of inheritance consistent with an autosomal dominant pattern, all five of the heterozygotes in this family being clinically affected. Molecular modelling studies suggest that, in the case of Factor X Nottingham, a drastic conformational change causes major unfolding of the protein. For Factor X Taunton, less extreme conformational changes occur causing loss of functional activity such that substrate binding sites might be maintained. It is proposed that competition with wild type for substrate binding could occur leading to a dominant negative effect. | 2022-07-11T04:03:15.238Z |
11,465,090 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICARA.2015.7081210",
"MAG": "2023500888",
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},
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"url": null
} | Model Predictive Control (MPC) includes a mathematical plant model. Based on that model, optimal actuating variables for future timesteps are determined in every sampling step. Thus the MPC exhibits a better reference response compared to conventional control. The problem with MPC is the high computational cost and the associated long control cycle time. Thus MPC is unattractive for processes with small time constants as they are common in power converter and drive control systems. In this paper a Direct Model Predictive Control method (DMPC) for nonlinear systems with inherent output saturation is presented. In contrast to other Direct-MPC approaches, a more flexible gate-signal generation method which enables switching during the sampling period is utilized. In addition the switching frequency can be increased while maintaining the same controller cycle time. This results in a reduction of the current ripple. Since this approach is based on a computational efficient optimization algorithm, it provides real-time capability for online-MPC even with process time constants in the millisecond range enabling the use of MPC for control of permanent magnet synchronous motors with interior magnets (IPMSM). | 2022-09-14T15:40:35.762Z |
120,451,983 | {
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"DOI": "10.3934/DCDSB.2004.4.729",
"MAG": "2021122789",
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} | In [1] a simplified model for the control of testosterone secretion is given by
$
\frac{dR}{dt}=f(T)-b_1R,\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad
$(*)
$
\frac{dT}{dt}=b_2R(t-\tau)-b_3T,
$
where $R$ denotes the luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, $T$
denotes the hormone testosterone and the negative feedback function
$f(T)$ is a positive monotonic decreasing differentiable function of
$T$. The delay $\tau$ is associated with the blood circulation time
in the body, and $b_1$, $b_2$ and $b_3$ are positive parameters. In
this paper, developing the method given in [2], we establish
necessary and sufficient conditions for the steady state of (*)
to be asymptotic stable or linearly unstable. | 2022-11-28T17:11:12.251Z |
45,764,780 | {
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1111/j.1469-1809.2008.00453.x",
"MAG": "2047357505",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1469-1809.2008.00453.x"
} | A recent publication by Guedj et al. (2008) provided a proof for the asymptotic equivalence of allelic and trend statistic under the assumption that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). This result, however, is quite obvious if one bears in mind that Knapp (2001) showed the numerical equivalence of the trend test (Armitage 1955) with the corrected allelic test of Schaid and Jacobsen (1999), i.e., in the notation of Guedj et al. (2008), the trend statistic can be written as | 2022-12-03T10:34:12.638Z |
60,891,828 | {
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.21236/ada071604",
"MAG": "1566095850",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
} | Abstract : A relaxation process is applied to the problem of matching relational structures involving numeric quantities. The method is empirically shown to be very sensitive to the exact form of the updating rule used. However, with the proper updating rule, the method works well, and is remarkably tolerant of measurement errors. | 2022-12-10T01:58:35.111Z |
27,383,806 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.20506/RST.13.3.797",
"MAG": "2188560068",
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},
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} | The presence at different latitudes and the seasonal distribution of two known or potential vectors of African horse sickness (AHS) virus--Culicoides imicola and C. obsoletus--were investigated in the Iberian peninsula using light trap collections. Culicoides imicola was present as far north as 41 degrees N but not at 43 degrees N (Asturias, Spain), whereas C. obsoletus was found at all latitudes. In the northern part of the distribution of C. imicola, adults of this species were present for only a few months of the year, but adults were continually present further south. Culicoides obsoletus could be found in all months of the year in the peninsula (as in southern Britain), despite cold winter conditions. These results were compared to data from the AHS outbreak in 1987-1990 in the Iberian peninsula, to indicate the potential for the disease to persist from year to year and expand more fully in the palaearctic regions of Europe. | 2022-12-13T18:53:15.643Z |
16,255,329 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/LA048316Y",
"MAG": "2050026793",
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},
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} | Covalent grafting of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to pharmaceutical proteins, "PEGylation", is becoming more commonplace due to improved therapeutic efficacy. As these conjugates encounter interfaces in manufacture, purification, and end use and adsorption to these interfaces may alter achievable production yields and in vivo efficacies, it is important to understand how PEGylation affects protein adsorption mechanisms. To this end, we have studied the adsorption of unmodified and PEGylated chicken egg lysozyme to silica, using optical reflectometry, total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) under varying conditions of ionic strength and extent of PEG modification. PEGylation of lysozyme changes the shape of the adsorption isotherm and alters the preferred orientation of lysozyme on the surface. There is an abrupt transition in the isotherm from low to high surface excess concentrations that correlates with a change in orientation of mono-PEGylated conjugates lying with the long axis parallel to the silica surface to an orientation with the long axis oriented perpendicular to the surface. No sharp transition is observed in the adsorption isotherm for di-PEGylated lysozyme within the range of concentrations examined. The net effect of PEGylation is to decrease the number of protein molecules per unit area relative to the adsorption of unmodified lysozyme, even under conditions where the surface is densely packed with conjugates. This is due to the area sterically excluded by the PEG grafts. The other major effect of PEGylation is to make conjugate adsorption significantly less irreversible than unmodified lysozyme adsorption. | 2022-12-19T04:56:44.200Z |
17,170,914 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.22323/1.021.0299",
"MAG": "93515539",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": "CCBYNCSA",
"status": "HYBRID",
"url": "https://pos.sissa.it/021/299/pdf"
} | The measurement of diboson production in proton anti-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of p s = 1.96 TeV at the Tevatron in Run II is presented in this report. Cross-section measurements and limits on cross sections for diboson production have been reported by the experiments CDF and DO for the final states WW, WZ, ZZ, Wγ and Zγ. The results are also interpreted as searches for anomalous couplings which would lead to an increase of events with large transverse momenta of the gauge bosons. All measured cross sections are in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. The Lagrangian in the Standard Model (SM) to describe the WWZ and WWγ vertices, including only the C and P conserving couplings, is given by: | 2022-06-15T22:15:33.797Z |
10,368,941 | {
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"DOI": "10.1067/MJD.2000.107961",
"MAG": "2085443748",
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},
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"url": null
} | BACKGROUND
A scleroderma-like genetic disease, congenital fascial dystrophy, probably a variant of stiff skin syndrome described by Esterly and McKusick, was found to be related to genetically determined fascial abnormalities. Our previous electronmicroscopic study disclosed as a main pathologic finding presence of giant amianthoid-like collagen fibrils in the affected fascia.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present study was to disclose the collagen abnormalities in the affected and control fascias and in the patient's fibroblast cultures derived from the skin and fascia.
METHODS
The study was performed by histologic, immunohistochemical, and electronmicroscopic techniques. Immunohistochemical studies were done with the use of monoclonal antibodies: anti-collagens I, III, IV, and VI, anti-laminin, anti-fibronectin, anti-desmin, anti-spectrin, anti-vimentin, anti-laminin, anti-heparan sulfate, and anti-alpha-actinin. Electronmicroscopic studies were performed on the fascia sections and on cultured fibroblasts.
RESULTS
The main abnormality leading to giant collagen fibril formation was presence of myofibroblasts, absence of collagen III, and overproduction of spectrin and collagen type VI, mainly its filamentous form.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that the abnormal composition of the fascia could depend on modulation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts capable of producing spectrin and long-spacing collagen. | 2022-08-27T22:25:39.893Z |
158,996,942 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.20360/LANGANDLIT29408",
"MAG": "2884134870",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
} | This paper reports on a collaborative digital arts project conducted with LGBT youth and seniors in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, funded by the B.C. Council to Reduce Elder Abuse and conducted by faculty members and a doctoral student from Simon Fraser University. In the project, youth and seniors worked together to produce the first Canadian materials on LGBT elder abuse—three digital videos and five informational posters. We report on the methods used to produce and disseminate the materials, and as we reflect on the project’s outcomes, we consider both the challenges and potential of digital literacies in this context. | 2022-09-08T10:22:28.688Z |
120,833,852 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1063/1.347107",
"MAG": "2038850364",
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},
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} | Degradation studies with over 235 000 device hours have been performed on single‐quantum‐well AlGaAs lasers with uncoated and half‐wavelength Al2O3 ‐coated facets at stress levels ranging from below threshold up to optical power densities of 23 mW per μm facet width. The effectiveness of facet protection has been investigated with respect to gradual degradation and catastrophic failures. Facet protection is very important for obtaining long lifetimes and improved immunity to sudden catastrophic failures. With facet coatings, degradation rates as low as 0.18%/kh have been measured at 30 mW in single‐lateral‐mode operation and at 50 °C. | 2022-09-12T15:27:22.974Z |
21,074,381 | {
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"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/jp907214a",
"MAG": "1975900305",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
} | Rotational spectra of cyclopentene oxide and the argon-cyclopentene oxide van der Waals complex were studied using pulsed-jet Fabry-Perot Fourier transform microwave (FTMW) spectroscopy. Spectra of the parent along with those of the (13)C and (18)O singly substituted isotopologues, in natural abundance, of the monomer and of the complex were measured in the frequency region of 5-26.5 GHz. The complete heavy atom substitution structure was determined for the monomer and complex. The boat structure for cyclopentene oxide was confirmed with naturally abundant (13)C and (18)O isotopes. For the argon cyclopentene oxide complex, both a and b-type transitions were observed and the rotational constants for the all-(12)C (16)O isotopologue were determined to be A = 3268.254(2), B = 993.345(1), and C = 950.430(9) MHz. The r(0) coordinates of the argon in the principal axis system of cyclopentene oxide are a = 0.27, b = 0.42, and c = 3.91 A, such that the argon is exo to the boat of the ring and on the opposite side of the ring from the oxygen and is 0.42 A off to the side and 0.27 A from the center of mass toward the back end of the ring (again away from the oxygen). Large amplitude van der Waals bending vibrations require an averaging model to account for differences between the observed complex and monomer planar moments of inertia. | 2022-12-10T00:13:23.553Z |
1,273,872 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1021/JF010258O",
"MAG": "2068714215",
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},
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} | Recently, transgenic potato plants were created with overexpression of the 14-3-3 protein derived from Cucurbita pepo. Detailed analysis of those plants suggested that the function of the isolated 14-3-3 isoform is in the control of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in the plants. 14-3-3 protein overexpression gave rise to an increase in soluble sugar and catecholamine contents in both leaves and tubers. It is proposed that 14-3-3 protein affects carbohydrate metabolism in potato plants via regulation of catecholamine synthesis. Furthermore, genetically modified potato tubers with 14-3-3 protein overexpression showed changes in lipid content and composition. The transgenic potato tubers contained 69% more total fat compared to the wild-type plant. Separation of tuber lipids into polar and nonpolar fractions revealed that the transgenic potato tubers contained almost 3 times more nonpolar lipids than the control. Analysis of fatty acid composition, conducted by the means of gas chromatography, showed that linoleic acid was the main fatty acid present in the tubers of both modified and control potato plants. In the nonpolar fraction of the fat of the transgenic tubers the unsaturated fatty acids exhibited a higher participation in the sum of all fatty acids. | 2022-12-18T08:18:45.740Z |
209,459,458 | {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/ICASERT.2019.8934466",
"MAG": "2994954807",
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},
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} | Indoor mobile robots are widely used in industrial environments such as large logistic warehouses. They are often in charge of collecting or sorting products. For such robots, computation-intensive operations account for a significant percentage of the total energy consumption and consequently affect battery life. Besides, in order to keep both the power consumption and hardware complexity low, simple micro-controllers or single-board computers are used as onboard local control units. This limits the computational capabilities of robots and consequently their performance. Offloading heavy computation to Cloud servers has been a widely used approach to solve this problem for cases where large amounts of sensor data such as real-time video feeds need to be analyzed. More recently, Fog and Edge computing are being leveraged for offloading tasks such as image processing and complex navigation algorithms involving non-linear mathematical operations. In this paper, we present a system architecture for offloading computationally expensive localization and mapping tasks to smart Edge gateways which use Fog services. We show how Edge computing brings computational capabilities of the Cloud to the robot environment without compromising operational reliability due to connection issues. Furthermore, we analyze the power consumption of a prototype robot vehicle in different modes and show how battery life can be significantly improved by moving the processing of data to the Edge layer. | 2022-12-19T23:47:20.078Z |
254,366,058 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1002/ccr3.6501",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": "9718919"
},
"license": null,
"status": "GREEN",
"url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9718919"
} | A 55‐year‐old lady with a nine‐year history of controlled sarcoidosis developed vasculitis after Sinopharm COVID‐19 vaccine (BBIBP‐ CorV). She was ultimately diagnosed with mononeuritis multiplex based on EMG‐NCV findings and administered methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide pulse therapy for 5 days, and then continue with prednisolone and a monthly pulse of cyclophosphamide. | 2022-12-30T15:26:17.093Z |
39,827,054 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1159/000144833",
"MAG": "1973344046",
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},
"license": null,
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"url": null
} | A histochemical and electron-microscopic study has been done on the parafollicular (C) cells of the thyroid in the gerbil. Histochemical tests revealed the characteristic presence of alpha-glycerophosphoric dehydrogenase and the presence of phenolic groups and indoleamines. Acid phosphatase levels were similar to those observed in the apical cytoplasm of the follicular cells. Electron microscopy revealed characteristic presence of noncisternal rough endoplasmic reticulum, well-developed Golgi apparatus, numerous prosecretory granules and a few electrondense mature secretory granules. Most characteristic of these cells was the presence of numerous, large, electron-lucent vesicles which often were packed in the cytoplasmic processes that were located subjacent to the follicular cells and close to the blood capillaries. Significance of these histochemical and ultrastructural findings is emphasized particularly in regard to the presence of monoamines and their possible role in the release of calcitonin and thyroxin. | 2022-02-12T04:59:49.739Z |
233,774,863 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1088/1755-1315/696/1/012003",
"MAG": "3137889329",
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "GOLD",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/696/1/012003"
} | Methane (CH4) generation via anaerobic digestion is a promising technology for energy recovery and waste reduction. In this study, the techno-economic analysis of a CH4 production from food waste (FW) was carried out. An anaerobic digestion FW plant was capable of treating 100 t/d, which was authorized to operate for 17 years. The pretreatment and anaerobic digestion processes were used to produce CH4 and recovery crude oil. The total investment and annual operational costs of FW treatment plant were 42,786,030 and 2413380 RMB, respectively, while the annual pre-tax annual incomes was 6941293.6 RMB. The return on investment and payback period were 7.79% and 12.84 years, respectively. The daily treatment quantity of FW is 21t, the treatment plant starts to make profits. The assessment results indicated that FW treatment was a comprehensive engineering system, which was strongly associated with society, economy, environment and technology. | 2022-02-07T21:46:26.169Z |
221,244,185 | {
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"DOI": "10.1002/pssr.200950110",
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} | Bristol (UK) – The mechanical properties of single layer graphene sheets (SLGS) have been a subject of intensive research in recent years. On the basis of mathematical models and calculation methods, different results have been published. Researchers at the Universities of Bristol, Swansea and British Columbia now developed a new model that suggests an auxetic structure of graphene sheets [1]. Whereas existing mechanical models employ Euler–Bernoulli beams rigidly jointed to the lattice atoms, the team led by Fabrizio Scarpa used truss-type analytical models and an approach based on cellular material mechanics theory to describe the inplane linear elastic properties of SLGS. In the cellular material model, the carbon–carbon bonds are represented by equivalent mechanical beams having full stretching, hinging, bending and deep shear beam deformation mechanisms. Closed form expressions for Young’s modulus, the shear modulus and Poisson’s ratio for the graphene sheets are derived in terms of the equivalent mechanical C–C bond properties. The approach allows the scientists to identify the thickness and length of the C–C bonds, and gives insight into the in-plane mechanical characteristics of the graphene sheets. The equivalent mechanical deformation mechanisms when the SLGS undergoes small strain uniaxial and pure shear loading can be described. The model shows good agreement with the experimental results available from open literature. A peculiar marked auxetic (negative Poisson’s ratio) behavior for the C–C bonds was identified for SLGS under pure shear loading. Other than classical structures and materials, auxetic structures expand when pulled along one direction. The research activities of Scarpa’s team include the field of auxetics (foams and honeycombs). Some of his work has been published in the two 2008 special issues of physica status solidi (b) dedicated to auxetic materials [2]. | 2022-03-27T11:16:49.797Z |
187,740,068 | {
"externalids": {
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"DOI": "10.7494/GEOM.2018.12.4.33",
"MAG": "2904578326",
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},
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} | Measurements in engineering surveying are aimed at determining the coordinates of the points of a geodetic control, spatially setting out a technical design of an engineering structure, determining the spatial coordinates of points (or their displacement) that represent an engineering structure, and identifying the displacement and deformation of a studied engineering structure . Provided that the aforementioned measurements are to represent the same engineering structure, such observation results should be settled (adjusted) in one calculation process . The application of the Gauss–Markov theorem for this adjustment using covariance matrix Cov(L) for observed values L is the classical approach for adjusting the results of surveying observations of various accuracy (taking into account accuracy weights) . Determining the displacements of points in the process of adjusting the results of periodic measurements, applying different methods of tying geodetic controls to national networks, and using various instruments and measurement methods result in the individual displacement components or coordinates of the observed points being determined with different accuracies. This circumstance forms the basis for the assumption that the estimated parameters (unknown values) should be random . This paper will formulate the principles of estimation of Gauss–Markov models in which the estimated parameters (X) are random . For this purpose, methods for the prior definition of covariance matrix CX for the estimated parameters will be provided, which will be used to determine the conditional covariance matrix of observation vector L and then to estimate the most probable values of the X̂ parameters . Covariance matrix Cov(X̂) obtained as a result of this estimation will be used to define the limit values of the variances of these parameters. | 2022-04-08T01:20:47.332Z |
206,619,860 | {
"externalids": {
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"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1126/science.355.6327.809-e",
"MAG": "2589355164",
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},
"license": null,
"status": "CLOSED",
"url": null
} | Development
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition occurs when epithelial cells lose apicobasal polarity and cell-cell contacts and migrate into surrounding tissues as mesenchymal cells. Migration is crucial for gastrulation, neural tube formation, and cancer metastasis. However, the mechanisms underlying loss of polarity and cell movement are poorly understood. Burute et al. show that the centrosome position in epithelial cells changes from the periphery to the center of mesenchymal cells. The change in cell organization results in the transition from apicobasal polarity to front-rear polarity that precedes cell migration. Micropatterned cell culture showed that the mechanism is cell-intrinsic and governed by microtubule reorganization but is not influenced by neighboring cells.
J. Dev. Cell. 10.1016/j.devcel.12.004 (2016). | 2022-05-20T06:56:57.425Z |
123,381,079 | {
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1109/JQE.1987.1073560",
"MAG": "2067707324",
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},
"license": null,
"status": null,
"url": null
} | We describe the data acquisition and optical diagnostic systems of the UK free-electron laser. Measurements of optical gain are reported and the first attempt at oscillation with laser injection is described. | 2022-09-05T07:49:26.288Z |
153,444,955 | {
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.2139/SSRN.328642",
"MAG": "1561539856",
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},
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"status": null,
"url": null
} | When we, the inhabitants of the United States, want to resolve a legal dispute, we have a trial. Each party to the dispute hires a trained professional who presents arguments in favor of his principal's claim to a neutral judge or jury. The judge or jury is then required to reach a decision based on the arguments presented and the prevailing legal rules. This article attempts to obtain some perspective on trials by comparing them to their immediate predecessor, that is, the way legal disputes were resolved before trials, as we know them, came into existence. During the Middle Ages people also resolved legal disputes by what they called a trial, but it was trial by battle, an armed conflict between two opponents. Juxtaposing these two practices illuminates several serious problems with contemporary trials: their inherent inaccuracy, their reliance on professional champions to represent the parties, and their conscious antiquarianism. These features of contemporary trials have produced an excessively litigious society, led to the under-enforcement of social policy, and discouraged the development of alternative methods of resolving disputes. If we stand back from our own practice, and ask whether it is truly achieving its stated purposes, we may be able to achieve what people in the Middle Ages did when they dispensed with trial by battle and developed the mode of trial that we inherited from them. That is, we may be able to devise a distinctly new mode of resolving legal disputes that is appropriate to our own society, and that functions effectively for the next several hundred years. | 2022-09-15T07:24:33.402Z |
220,054,664 | {
"externalids": {
"ACL": null,
"ArXiv": null,
"DOI": "10.1177/2233865915590059",
"MAG": null,
"PubMedCentral": null
},
"license": null,
"status": "BRONZE",
"url": "https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2233865915590059"
} | Erratum to ‘Intra-regional trade of ASEAN+3: Trends and issues for the economic integration of East Asia’ by Hee-Ryang Ra International Area Studies Review June 2015 Vol. 18(2) 109-137 doi:10.1177/2233865915581431 | 2022-11-04T00:34:45.260Z |
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