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stringlengths 57
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stringclasses 125
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dict |
|---|---|---|---|
detailed pharmacokinetic studies in 27 of these children demonstrated an advantage in oral absorption of amoxicillin over ampicillin at dosages of both 12.5 and 25 mg/kg per dose . | NA | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
105,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
122,
132
]
} |
these positive responses were as frequent as those to candida or house dust which are recognized as the most commonly reactive allergens in japan . | NA | {
"id": "C0524581",
"name": "house dust",
"pos": [
65,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0002092",
"name": "allergens",
"pos": [
127,
136
]
} |
the response of the adrenergic system of asthmatic subjects to exercise and the role of plasma catecholamines in exercise-induced asthma were investigated . | NA | {
"id": "C0004096",
"name": "asthmatic",
"pos": [
41,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0004099",
"name": "exercise-induced asthma",
"pos": [
113,
136
]
} |
the conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein is achieved by cold activation ( 0 degrees c ) with water-soluble dextran sulfate . | NA | {
"id": "C0033024",
"name": "prekallikrein",
"pos": [
18,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0022478",
"name": "kallikrein",
"pos": [
35,
45
]
} |
milk lipids and post-heparin plasma lipoprotein lipase levels in pups did not differ among experimental groups . | NA | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
5,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
36,
47
]
} |
hyperlipidemia in 18-day-old iron-deficient rat pups appears to be related to increased endogenous production of triglycerides . | NA | {
"id": "C0020473",
"name": "hyperlipidemia",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0020557",
"name": "increased",
"pos": [
78,
87
]
} |
anemic rats were fed diets containing adequate quantities of all required nutrients , except iron , which was supplied by ferrous sulfate and/or corn grain . | NA | {
"id": "C0302583",
"name": "iron",
"pos": [
93,
97
]
} | {
"id": "C0060282",
"name": "ferrous sulfate",
"pos": [
122,
137
]
} |
slopes of the regression lines for response ( hemoglobin iron gain or final hemoglobin concentration ) to ferrous sulfate intake were not altered significantly by inclusion of up to 75 % corn in the diets . | NA | {
"id": "C0302583",
"name": "iron",
"pos": [
57,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0060282",
"name": "ferrous sulfate",
"pos": [
106,
121
]
} |
synovial fluid and serum specimens obtained at randomized times after an oral dose of ampicillin , cephalexin , cloxacillin , dicloxacillin , or penicillin g were assayed for antibiotic content and antibacterial activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0009077",
"name": "cloxacillin",
"pos": [
112,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0012093",
"name": "dicloxacillin",
"pos": [
126,
139
]
} |
the response to experimental challenge with rubella virus was studied in 113 volunteers , ages 13 to 17 years , immunized with three rubella vaccines : hpv-77-de-5 and cendehill ( inoculated subcutaneously ) and ra-27/3 ( administered subcutaneously to one group and intranasally to a second group ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0035924",
"name": "rubella virus",
"pos": [
44,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0035923",
"name": "rubella vaccines",
"pos": [
133,
149
]
} |
this syndrome appears to represent a distinct disorder with a pattern of inheritance which is most likely autosomal recessive . | NA | {
"id": "C0039082",
"name": "syndrome",
"pos": [
5,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0012634",
"name": "disorder",
"pos": [
46,
54
]
} |
hemoglobins aia-c ( fast hb ) , minor variants of hba , are elevated in patients with diabetes mellitus . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
25,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hba",
"pos": [
50,
53
]
} |
to understand the role that tetrahydroisoquinoline formation may play in alcoholism and drug toxicology , high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection was used to monitor the overall rate of reaction , in ph 7.4 buffer , between the catecholamines ( dopamine , alpha-methyldopamine , dihydroxyphenylpropanolamine , deoxyepinephrine , levodopa , alpha-methyldopa , epinephrine , levarterenol , ans isoproterenol ) and acetaldehyde . | NA | {
"id": "C0007412",
"name": "catecholamines",
"pos": [
258,
272
]
} | {
"id": "C0022245",
"name": "isoproterenol",
"pos": [
422,
435
]
} |
to understand the role that tetrahydroisoquinoline formation may play in alcoholism and drug toxicology , high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection was used to monitor the overall rate of reaction , in ph 7.4 buffer , between the catecholamines ( dopamine , alpha-methyldopamine , dihydroxyphenylpropanolamine , deoxyepinephrine , levodopa , alpha-methyldopa , epinephrine , levarterenol , ans isoproterenol ) and acetaldehyde . | NA | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
275,
283
]
} | {
"id": "C0011498",
"name": "deoxyepinephrine",
"pos": [
340,
356
]
} |
to understand the role that tetrahydroisoquinoline formation may play in alcoholism and drug toxicology , high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection was used to monitor the overall rate of reaction , in ph 7.4 buffer , between the catecholamines ( dopamine , alpha-methyldopamine , dihydroxyphenylpropanolamine , deoxyepinephrine , levodopa , alpha-methyldopa , epinephrine , levarterenol , ans isoproterenol ) and acetaldehyde . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
345,
356
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "levarterenol",
"pos": [
403,
415
]
} |
in addition , the reaction rate of the neurotransmitter dopamine was measured for various aldehydes ( formaldehyde , acetaldehyde , glyoxylic acid , paraldehyde , malonaldehyde , glyceraldehyde , and chloral hydrate ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001992",
"name": "aldehydes",
"pos": [
90,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0000966",
"name": "acetaldehyde",
"pos": [
117,
129
]
} |
in addition , the reaction rate of the neurotransmitter dopamine was measured for various aldehydes ( formaldehyde , acetaldehyde , glyoxylic acid , paraldehyde , malonaldehyde , glyceraldehyde , and chloral hydrate ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001992",
"name": "aldehydes",
"pos": [
90,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0017854",
"name": "glyceraldehyde",
"pos": [
179,
193
]
} |
in addition , the reaction rate of the neurotransmitter dopamine was measured for various aldehydes ( formaldehyde , acetaldehyde , glyoxylic acid , paraldehyde , malonaldehyde , glyceraldehyde , and chloral hydrate ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0000966",
"name": "acetaldehyde",
"pos": [
117,
129
]
} | {
"id": "C0030438",
"name": "paraldehyde",
"pos": [
149,
160
]
} |
cannabinol and hexahydrocannabinol were found together in several cases due to the disproportionation of i as catalyzed by silicic acid , silica gel , and chloroform . | NA | {
"id": "C0037105",
"name": "silicic acid",
"pos": [
123,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C2936385",
"name": "silica gel",
"pos": [
138,
148
]
} |
since asi-253 , a nonaminogalactose analog of asi-222 , exhibits a potency in both of our test systems which is similar to the other neutral sugar cardenolides , our data also indicate that the presence of an aminosugar group at position 4 of a sugar in a cardiac glycoside confers greater potency . | NA | {
"id": "C0007143",
"name": "cardenolides",
"pos": [
147,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0007158",
"name": "cardiac glycoside",
"pos": [
256,
273
]
} |
since asi-253 , a nonaminogalactose analog of asi-222 , exhibits a potency in both of our test systems which is similar to the other neutral sugar cardenolides , our data also indicate that the presence of an aminosugar group at position 4 of a sugar in a cardiac glycoside confers greater potency . | NA | {
"id": "C0002531",
"name": "aminosugar",
"pos": [
209,
219
]
} | {
"id": "C0007004",
"name": "sugar",
"pos": [
245,
250
]
} |
the effects of the 5-hydroxytryptamine ( 5-ht ) precursors , 5-hydroxytryptophan ( 5-htp ) and tryptophan on alpha- and gamma-motoneuron discharges were examined in the spinal cat with a deafferented cord . | NA | {
"id": "C0000578",
"name": "5-htp",
"pos": [
83,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0041249",
"name": "tryptophan",
"pos": [
95,
105
]
} |
dose-response profiles were determined for chlordiazepoxide , diazepam and n-desmethyldiazepam in a squirrel monkey punishment ( conflict ) procedure . | NA | {
"id": "C0012010",
"name": "diazepam",
"pos": [
62,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0011279",
"name": "desmethyldiazepam",
"pos": [
77,
94
]
} |
quantum chemical calculations were performed on six n-derivatives of oxymorphone including n-methyl- ( oxymorphone ) , n-allyl- ( naloxone ) , n-dimethylallyl- ( nalmexone ) , n-methylcyclopropyl- ( naltrexone ) , n-methylcyclobutyl- ( nalbuphone ) , and n-phenethylnoroxymorphone using the pcilo method . | NA | {
"id": "C0027358",
"name": "naloxone",
"pos": [
130,
138
]
} | {
"id": "C0027360",
"name": "naltrexone",
"pos": [
199,
209
]
} |
in 11 patients elevated cholesterol concentrations were found which were due to an increase of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , whereas high-density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were in the normal range . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
24,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0023824",
"name": "low-density lipoprotein cholesterol",
"pos": [
95,
130
]
} |
in 11 patients elevated cholesterol concentrations were found which were due to an increase of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol , whereas high-density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were in the normal range . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
24,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0023826",
"name": "very low density lipoprotein cholesterol",
"pos": [
170,
210
]
} |
ten chlorinated hydrocarbons ( tetradifon , chlorobenzilate , kepone , lindane , kelthane , toxaphene , dieldrin , hexachlorobenzene , dienochlor , and aroclor 1254 ; see below ) were evaluated in rats to assess agents which might selectively elevate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( c-hdl ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0020247",
"name": "chlorinated hydrocarbons",
"pos": [
4,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0005038",
"name": "lindane",
"pos": [
71,
78
]
} |
ten chlorinated hydrocarbons ( tetradifon , chlorobenzilate , kepone , lindane , kelthane , toxaphene , dieldrin , hexachlorobenzene , dienochlor , and aroclor 1254 ; see below ) were evaluated in rats to assess agents which might selectively elevate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( c-hdl ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0020247",
"name": "chlorinated hydrocarbons",
"pos": [
4,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0040521",
"name": "toxaphene",
"pos": [
92,
101
]
} |
ten chlorinated hydrocarbons ( tetradifon , chlorobenzilate , kepone , lindane , kelthane , toxaphene , dieldrin , hexachlorobenzene , dienochlor , and aroclor 1254 ; see below ) were evaluated in rats to assess agents which might selectively elevate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ( c-hdl ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0020247",
"name": "chlorinated hydrocarbons",
"pos": [
4,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0012141",
"name": "dieldrin",
"pos": [
104,
112
]
} |
the potential applicability of these findings to other forms of experimental renal disease and to clinical uremia remains to be explored . | NA | {
"id": "C0022658",
"name": "renal",
"pos": [
77,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0041948",
"name": "uremia",
"pos": [
107,
113
]
} |
caffeine increased plasma renin activity by 57 per cent , plasma norepinephrine by 75 per cent and plasma epinephrine by 207 per cent . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
65,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} |
the relationship between the lithium ratio ( ratio of lithium in blood cells to that in plasma ) and plasma lithium concentration was examined in a group of male inpatients taking lithium carbonate for affective disorders . | NA | {
"id": "C0023870",
"name": "lithium",
"pos": [
29,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0085217",
"name": "lithium carbonate",
"pos": [
180,
197
]
} |
in the second trimester of pregnancy in a 26-year-old woman , marked exacerbation of epileptic seizures occurred with somatomotor status epilepticus . | NA | {
"id": "C0014544",
"name": "epileptic seizures",
"pos": [
85,
103
]
} | {
"id": "C0038220",
"name": "status epilepticus",
"pos": [
130,
148
]
} |
this chronic per oral treatment with impramine was also associated with a significant potentiation of mean arterial pressure responses to fixed-dose treatment with serotonin , noradrenaline , yohimbine and adrenaline , while significantly inhibiting the histamine-induced depressor response . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
176,
189
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
206,
216
]
} |
in order to assess its potential uses in the staging and treatment planning of lymphoma , ct was performed in 27 newly diagnosed , previously untreated patients with hodgkin 's disease or non-hodgkin 's lymphoma ; | NA | {
"id": "C0024299",
"name": "lymphoma",
"pos": [
79,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0019829",
"name": "hodgkin 's disease",
"pos": [
166,
184
]
} |
in order to assess its potential uses in the staging and treatment planning of lymphoma , ct was performed in 27 newly diagnosed , previously untreated patients with hodgkin 's disease or non-hodgkin 's lymphoma ; | NA | {
"id": "C0024299",
"name": "lymphoma",
"pos": [
79,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0024305",
"name": "non-hodgkin 's lymphoma",
"pos": [
188,
211
]
} |
splenosis should be included in the list of differential possibilities of intramural or exogastric lesions when previous splenectomy has been performed , either secondary to trauma or surgical laceration of the splenic capsule . | NA | {
"id": "C0043251",
"name": "trauma",
"pos": [
174,
180
]
} | {
"id": "C0043246",
"name": "laceration",
"pos": [
193,
203
]
} |
this together with the observation that the inhibitory effect of 1-propranolol on n-acetyltransferase was blocked by dibutyryl cyclic amp and phosphodiesterase inhibitors indicate that an abrupt decrease in cyclic amp may be the signal for the rapid decrease in pineal n-acetyltransferase activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0012054",
"name": "dibutyryl cyclic amp",
"pos": [
117,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0001455",
"name": "cyclic amp",
"pos": [
207,
217
]
} |
pharmacological effects of dibutyryl cyclic gmp suggest that endogenous cyclic gmp modulates an inhibitory pain pathway distinct from that on which morphine acts . | NA | {
"id": "C0012055",
"name": "dibutyryl cyclic gmp",
"pos": [
27,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0018338",
"name": "cyclic",
"pos": [
72,
78
]
} |
a novel bioselective membrane electrode for l-glutamine has been constructed by coupling living bacteria of the strain sarcina flava to a potentiometric ammonia gas sensor . | NA | {
"id": "C0002607",
"name": "ammonia",
"pos": [
153,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C0017110",
"name": "gas",
"pos": [
161,
164
]
} |
half of this group was then sacrificed and the remainder was given an initial oral dose of 50 mg of dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate and a vitamin e supplemented diet for 28 days . | NA | {
"id": "C0994472",
"name": "dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate",
"pos": [
100,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0042874",
"name": "vitamin e",
"pos": [
134,
143
]
} |
control animals were fed a vitamin e supplemented diet with 50 mg of dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate per kilogram of diet . | NA | {
"id": "C0042874",
"name": "vitamin e",
"pos": [
27,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0994472",
"name": "dl-alpha-tocopherol acetate",
"pos": [
69,
96
]
} |
serial plasma , amniotic fluid , and urine samples were analyzed for epinephrine ( e ) and norepinephrine ( ne ) in eight subjects during midtrimester abortion induced by intra-amniotic prostaglandin f2alpha ( pgf2alpha ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
69,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
91,
105
]
} |
serum free fatty acids ( ffa 's ) were measured after intra-amniotic injection of prostaglandin f2alpha ( pgf2alpha ) for the induction of abortion in eight healthy women in the midtrimester of pregnancy . | NA | {
"id": "C0032980",
"name": "midtrimester",
"pos": [
178,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancy",
"pos": [
194,
203
]
} |
high subanesthetic concentrations of all the inhalational anesthetics could cause fetal growth retardation ( e.g. , 3-21 per cent decreases in normal fetal weights ) , but this was unaccompanied by significant fetal loss ( overall rate : 4.8 +/- 1.2 per cent , mean +/- se , in anesthetic groups ) or any evidence of skeletal or gross abnormalities related to treatment . | NA | {
"id": "C0242903",
"name": "inhalational anesthetics",
"pos": [
45,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0002932",
"name": "anesthetic",
"pos": [
278,
288
]
} |
to test this hypothesis , the angiotensin ii antagonist saralasin was given to 15 hypertensive patients on chronic hemodialysis . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
30,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
56,
65
]
} |
( 2 ) s aureus occurred in high numbers in every case of atopic dermatitis and was frequently found at much lower levels in psoriasis , seborrheic dermatitis , and chafing dermatitis ; | NA | {
"id": "C0011615",
"name": "atopic",
"pos": [
57,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0011603",
"name": "dermatitis",
"pos": [
172,
182
]
} |
since ecg criteria used in the diagnosis of nmti are not specific for this entity , enzymes , isoenzymes , and myocardial imaging should be used for differentiation of nmti from other ischemic syndromes . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzymes",
"pos": [
84,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzymes",
"pos": [
94,
104
]
} |
characterization of the entity of nmti will improve by acquiring information on chest pain patterns , serial enzyme and isoenzyme changes , sequential ecg alterations , myocardial imaging profiles , and autopsy data from patients with myocardial necrosis and atypical ecg pictures . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
109,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzyme",
"pos": [
120,
129
]
} |
this study of schizophrenic patients , and our previous research in parkinson 's disease , suggest that urinary dopamine excretion may reflect dopaminergic function of the extrapyramidal motor system in both conditions . | NA | {
"id": "C0013030",
"name": "dopamine",
"pos": [
112,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0282151",
"name": "dopaminergic",
"pos": [
143,
155
]
} |
the effects of clazepam , a new benzodiazepine ( 30 mg orally ) on performance tests and the cardiovascular system have been compared to those of chlordiazepoxide ( 30 mg orally ) and a placebo in a double-blind trial involving six healthy volunteers . | NA | {
"id": "C0005064",
"name": "benzodiazepine",
"pos": [
32,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0008188",
"name": "chlordiazepoxide",
"pos": [
146,
162
]
} |
a study was made of protein utilization in rats given a variety of low-protein diets containing ( g/kg ) egg albumin 18 , casein 49 , gluten 50 , or mixtures of either maize protein and gelatine 58 , or casein and gelatin 37 , each with supplemental methionine . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
109,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
174,
181
]
} |
the npu values agreed more closely with chemical score values based on the content of s-amino acids or isoleucine in the dietary protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "npu",
"pos": [
4,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0012177",
"name": "dietary protein",
"pos": [
121,
136
]
} |
glucose also seems to be a specific precursor of the 2-deoxyrhamnose moiety , probably via a process involving a hydrogen shift from c-4 to c-6 of the hexose . | NA | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
0,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
151,
157
]
} |
a very high concentration of ionophore a23187 ( 10 microgram . 20 microgram-1 chlorophyll . ml-1 ) plus 0.1 mm edta lowers the fluorescence yield of intact chloroplasts suspended in a cation-free medium in the presence of 3- ( 3,4-dichlorophenyl ) -1,1-dimethylurea , indicating loss of divalent cation from the diffuse double layers of the thylakoid membranes . | NA | {
"id": "C0007447",
"name": "cation",
"pos": [
184,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0007448",
"name": "divalent cation",
"pos": [
287,
302
]
} |
the transfer of excitation energy between phycobiliproteins in isolated phycobilisomes has been observed on a picosecond time scale . | NA | {
"id": "C0070980",
"name": "phycobiliproteins",
"pos": [
42,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0136979",
"name": "phycobilisomes",
"pos": [
72,
86
]
} |
using the value of 3.3.10 ( 5 ) hexose carriers per cell , the turnover number of galactose exchange is 6.5.10 ( 4 ) molecules/carriers per min . | NA | {
"id": "C0019494",
"name": "hexose",
"pos": [
32,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0016945",
"name": "galactose",
"pos": [
82,
91
]
} |
analysis of the 35so4-labelled macromolecules synthesized by cultures of normal ) nil8 ) and transformed ( nil8-hsv ) hamster fibroblasts has revealed the following differences between the two cell lines : ( 1 ) the proportion of sulfate incorporated into cell-associated macromolecules is three times higher in normal than in transformed cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
126,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
339,
344
]
} |
in addition , normal fibroblasts incorporate more sulfate into extracellular , middle and low molecular weight species than do transformed cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
21,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
139,
144
]
} |
( 2 ) normal fibroblasts , which synthesize much more extracellular dermatan sulfate than do transformed cells , produce a class of extracellular heterogeneous sulfated proteoglycans absent from transformed cultures . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
13,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
105,
110
]
} |
progesterone inhibited d-amino acid oxidase ( d-amino acid : o2 oxidoreductase ( deaminating ) , ec 1.4.3.3 ) in competition with its substrate , d-alanine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
25,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
148,
155
]
} |
gamma-glutamyltransferase ( ( 5-glutamyl ) -peptide : amino-acid 5-glutamyltransferase , ec 2.3.2.2 ) activity of wi-38 fibroblasts decreased only slightly in relation to a constant amount of cell-associated protein as the cells were carried in culture serially from middle to late passage numbers leading toward senescence , e.g. , from population doubling level 27 through 41 . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
120,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
223,
228
]
} |
it is concluded that dietary cholesterol alters cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism in the liver and that this effect is enhanced by dietary unsaturated fats . | NA | {
"id": "C0008395",
"name": "dietary cholesterol",
"pos": [
21,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
48,
59
]
} |
polypeptide j2 has an acidic to basic amino acid ratio of 1.58 , and its amino acid composition is not similar to that of the high mobility group 1 protein . | NA | {
"id": "C0815040",
"name": "acidic",
"pos": [
22,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
73,
83
]
} |
a structural study on the abnormal betatp-6 revealed that the variant hemoglobin differs from hemoglobin a by substitution of leucine for valine at residue 60 of the beta-chain . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
70,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hemoglobin a",
"pos": [
94,
106
]
} |
even at molar ratios of hemopexin to albumin of 3 to 1 , human serum albumin removes bilirubin from hemopexin . | NA | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
37,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0304925",
"name": "human",
"pos": [
57,
62
]
} |
preincubation of the homogenate with 10 ( -8 ) m cholecystokinin or secretin inhibited gastrin binding to a greater extent than an equimolar concentration of pentagastrin . | NA | {
"id": "C0017151",
"name": "gastrin",
"pos": [
87,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0030859",
"name": "pentagastrin",
"pos": [
158,
170
]
} |
1 contractions of the isolated cremaster muscle of the guinea-pig obtained in response to direct electrical stimulation were augmented by salbutamol , isoprenaline , adrenaline , noradrenaline and orciprenaline ( in that order of potency ) , and by potassium chloride . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
166,
176
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
179,
192
]
} |
the decreasing order of potency for the restoration towards normal of the indomethacin-depressed responses to noradrenaline was : pge ( 2 ) , pge ( 1 ) , pga ( 1 ) , pgf ( 2alpha ) , pga ( 2 ) .4 the prostaglandins studied were not uniform in their restorative actions and could be separated into two groups . | NA | {
"id": "C0033559",
"name": "pge",
"pos": [
130,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0033554",
"name": "prostaglandins",
"pos": [
200,
214
]
} |
when these substances were applied for several minutes , the release reached its maximum a considerable time after their removal , except with leptazol when release diminished at once after removal.4 the excitatory substances had little or no effect on arterial blood pressure when applied to the vasopressin releasing area , but produced strong pressor responses when applied to a more rostrally situated area.5 it is concluded that the excitatory substances release vasopressin and raise arterial blood pressure because they are antagonists of gamma-aminobutyric acid and/or glycine and that numerous inhibitory neurones which release these amino-acids synapse at the ventral surface of the medulla . | NA | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
577,
584
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino-acids",
"pos": [
643,
654
]
} |
this was demonstrated by induction of transplantation resistance , by winn 's neutralization test , and by the detection of antibodies in the sera of tumor-immune hosts by two independent methods ( antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and antibody-binding test ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "sera",
"pos": [
142,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibody",
"pos": [
234,
242
]
} |
a phorbol ester promoting agent , 12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate , enhances x-ray transformation in vitro in a two-stage fashion similar to that shown previously for ultraviolet radiation and chemical carcinogens . | NA | {
"id": "C0031586",
"name": "phorbol ester",
"pos": [
2,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0039654",
"name": "12-o-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate",
"pos": [
34,
71
]
} |
the revertants fall into three classes with regard to viral dna sequences : the sv40 dna is retained ; | NA | {
"id": "C0012939",
"name": "viral dna",
"pos": [
54,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
85,
88
]
} |
the alanine content was slightly higher in cnf , but no differences were found in the contents of the other amino acids or carbohydrates . | NA | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
4,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
108,
119
]
} |
the possible origin of the enzyme in normal liver and its relationship to the kasahara isoenzyme and fetal intestine-type in hepatoma is discussed . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
27,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0022173",
"name": "isoenzyme",
"pos": [
87,
96
]
} |
relatively large urinary excretion of threonine , serine and glycine might reflect the large dosage of glucose in the infusate and disuse of these amino acids during the treatment , especially in the patients with hepatic dysfunction . | NA | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
61,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
147,
158
]
} |
diurnal rhythms in urinary outputs of amino acids in patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation were not observed , except for the outputs of threonine , serine and glycine , which were large during the 3.00-9.00 h and 15.00-21.00 h periods . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
38,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0017890",
"name": "glycine",
"pos": [
171,
178
]
} |
the assay is based upon an exploitation of the cross-reactivity of antisera raised against angiotensin ii , with radioiodinated saralasin as the tracer peptide . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
91,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
128,
137
]
} |
the type a or 'acid ' and type b or 'neutral ' beta-galactosidase activities have been measured in post-mortem liver samples from individuals dying of non-genetic diseases and patients dying of ganglioside storage disease other than gm1 gangliosidosis . | NA | {
"id": "C0017083",
"name": "ganglioside storage disease",
"pos": [
194,
221
]
} | {
"id": "C0085131",
"name": "gm1",
"pos": [
233,
236
]
} |
the most active glycosidase in normal hair roots was beta-d-hexosaminidase , followed by alpha-l-fucosidase and alpha-d-mannosidase . | NA | {
"id": "C0017976",
"name": "glycosidase",
"pos": [
16,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0016787",
"name": "alpha-l-fucosidase",
"pos": [
89,
107
]
} |
the most active glycosidase in normal hair roots was beta-d-hexosaminidase , followed by alpha-l-fucosidase and alpha-d-mannosidase . | NA | {
"id": "C0017976",
"name": "glycosidase",
"pos": [
16,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0024746",
"name": "mannosidase",
"pos": [
120,
131
]
} |
angiotensin ii blockade before and after marked sodium depletion in patients with hypertension [ unilateral renovascular ( eight ) , bilateral renovascular ( four ) and essential ( four ) ] was performed by intravenous administration of the angiotensin ii antagonist sar1-ala8-angiotensin ii ( saralasin ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
294,
303
]
} |
a favorable hemodynamic response was obtained by reducing afterload with administration of sodium nitroferricyanide ( nitroprusside ) while maintaining preload with infusion of fluids . | NA | {
"id": "C0037533",
"name": "sodium nitroferricyanide",
"pos": [
91,
115
]
} | {
"id": "C0028193",
"name": "nitroprusside",
"pos": [
118,
131
]
} |
the activity of rifampicin was compared with that of tetracycline , ampicillin , penicillin g , chloramphenicol , gentamicin and sulphadiazine in vitro and in experiments on mice infected with various strains of listeria monocytogenes . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
68,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "penicillin g",
"pos": [
81,
93
]
} |
although the minimum inhibitory concentration of rifampicin was not appreciably lower than that of ampicillin , penicillin g and gentamicin , rifampacin was very much more active in vivo than any of these antibiotics . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
99,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "penicillin g",
"pos": [
112,
124
]
} |
tri-minocycline prepared by mere dissolution of minocycline in an aqueous solution of a recommended complexing agent or using a preconstituted ready-for-use injection of the complex was administered intravenously to rabbits . | NA | {
"id": "C0026186",
"name": "tri-minocycline",
"pos": [
0,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0026187",
"name": "minocycline",
"pos": [
48,
59
]
} |
in vitro ethylmorphine n-demethylase ( nd ) activity was enhanced approximately 1.7-fold , aniline hydroxylase ( ah ) was increased 2.5-fold , aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase was increased 20-fold , and nadph-cytochrome c reductase was unchanged . | NA | {
"id": "C0003039",
"name": "aniline hydroxylase",
"pos": [
91,
110
]
} | {
"id": "C0003927",
"name": "aryl hydrocarbon",
"pos": [
143,
159
]
} |
the metabolism and elimination of cimetidine , a histamine h2-receptor antagonist , in the rat , dog , and man . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "elimination",
"pos": [
19,
30
]
} |
the metabolism and excretion of 14c-labeled 3,4,4'-trichlorodiphenylurea has been studied in the rat after oral and iv administration . | NA | {
"id": "C0025519",
"name": "metabolism",
"pos": [
4,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0221102",
"name": "excretion",
"pos": [
19,
28
]
} |
mercury , diazonium ions and dyes which bind nucleic acids were covalently linked to dextrans using methods that resulted in non-hydrolyzable reagent-dextran bonds without impairing the binding abilities of the reagents , i.e . these dextran derivatives reacted with thiols , phenols/imidazoles and nucleic acids respectively . | NA | {
"id": "C0086140",
"name": "dextran",
"pos": [
85,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0011806",
"name": "dextran derivatives",
"pos": [
234,
253
]
} |
since these dextran derivatives can not penetrate into cells and since dextran itself does not bind to cells , these compounds represent reagents specific for the cell surface . | NA | {
"id": "C0011806",
"name": "dextran derivatives",
"pos": [
12,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0086140",
"name": "dextran",
"pos": [
71,
78
]
} |
[ lys13 , lys14 ] apamin , [ lys13 ] apamin and [ lys14 ] apamin , three structural analogs of the bee venom neurotoxin , have been obtained by solid-phase peptide synthesis while an attempt to obtain [ cit13 ] apamin failed , probably at the step of reoxidation of cysteines . | NA | {
"id": "C0004920",
"name": "bee venom",
"pos": [
99,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0003521",
"name": "apamin",
"pos": [
211,
217
]
} |
nicotine 3 mg/kg/day for 14 days , increased tyrosine hydroxylase ( th ) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase ( dbh ) in hypothalamus and adrenal medulla but did change striatum th . | NA | {
"id": "C0020364",
"name": "hydroxylase",
"pos": [
54,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0013032",
"name": "dopamine-beta-hydroxylase",
"pos": [
77,
102
]
} |
nicotine 3 mg/kg/day for 14 days , increased tyrosine hydroxylase ( th ) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase ( dbh ) in hypothalamus and adrenal medulla but did change striatum th . | NA | {
"id": "C0020364",
"name": "hydroxylase",
"pos": [
54,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0041491",
"name": "th",
"pos": [
171,
173
]
} |
in the brain of rats injected with pentoxifylline [ 3,7-dimethyl-1 ( 5-oxo-hexyl ) -xanthine ] or aminophylline the following was observed : ( i ) dose-dependent increases of tryptophan and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid levels and of 5-hydroxytryptophan and dihydroxyphenylalanine accumulation after treatment with the decarboxylase inhibitor benserazide hcl ; | NA | {
"id": "C0041249",
"name": "tryptophan",
"pos": [
175,
185
]
} | {
"id": "C0000578",
"name": "hydroxytryptophan",
"pos": [
233,
250
]
} |
importance of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the antinociceptive activity of the leucine-enkephalin derivative , d-ala2-leu5-enkephalin ( bw 180c ) , in the rat . | NA | {
"id": "C0014294",
"name": "leucine-enkephalin",
"pos": [
73,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0014298",
"name": "enkephalin",
"pos": [
117,
127
]
} |
the hypothesis is advanced that the acth-provoked stabilization of the adrenocortical mitochondrial proteins requires continuous mitochondrial dna-dependent protein synthesis . | NA | {
"id": "C0949610",
"name": "mitochondrial proteins",
"pos": [
86,
108
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
157,
164
]
} |
the substrate specificity of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase : amino acid sequences at the phosphorylation sites of herring protamine ( clupeine ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0033603",
"name": "protamine",
"pos": [
128,
137
]
} | {
"id": "C0009083",
"name": "clupeine",
"pos": [
140,
148
]
} |
appearing of thrombin in vessels leads to formation of fibrin clots followed by consumption of clotting factors and developing of repeated hypocoagulation . | NA | {
"id": "C0040018",
"name": "thrombin",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0005789",
"name": "clotting factors",
"pos": [
95,
111
]
} |
there is also the suggestion that rabbits of different genetic origin differentiate between cross-stimulating antigens , probably at the level of antigenic determinants . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigens",
"pos": [
110,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0003316",
"name": "antigenic determinants",
"pos": [
146,
168
]
} |
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