text
stringlengths 57
1.72k
| relation
stringclasses 125
values | h
dict | t
dict |
|---|---|---|---|
inactivation of glycogen synthetase and activation of phosphorylase kinase by muscle adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate-dependent protein kinases . | NA | {
"id": "C0031713",
"name": "phosphorylase kinase",
"pos": [
54,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0033640",
"name": "protein kinases",
"pos": [
125,
140
]
} |
study of the effect of atmospheric relative humity ( rh ) on the adsorption of paraformaldehyde-generated formaldehyde gas on various surfaces and the effect of the adsorbed formaldehyde on the death rate of bacterial spores showed that increasing the rh caused a corresponding increase of formaldehyde levels on all surfaces . | NA | {
"id": "C0070066",
"name": "generated",
"pos": [
96,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0016564",
"name": "formaldehyde",
"pos": [
290,
302
]
} |
amiodarone ( 2-butyl , 3- ( 4-diethylaminoethoxy , 3,5-diiodo , benzoyl ) benzofuran hydrochloride ) , an anti-anginal drug which causes coronary dilatation and depresses myocardial oxygen consumption , was found to protect anaesthetized guinea-pigs against ouabain-induced ventricular fibrillation.2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0005068",
"name": "benzofuran",
"pos": [
74,
84
]
} |
treatment of rabbits with 10 mg/kg ( 60.3 mumol/kg ) of potassium iodide ( equal in its iodine content to that of 20 mg/kg of amiodarone ) , given daily for 6 weeks intraperitoneally , had no effect on body growth rate or the duration of cardiac action potentials.7 . | NA | {
"id": "C0032831",
"name": "potassium iodide",
"pos": [
56,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0021966",
"name": "iodine",
"pos": [
88,
94
]
} |
the cardiac actions of amiodarone , a benzofuran derivative used in the treatment of angina pectoris , have been compared with those of ( +/- ) -propranolol in anaesthetized dogs.2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
23,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0005068",
"name": "benzofuran",
"pos": [
38,
48
]
} |
one week later the sensitivity in vitro of both vasa deferentia to noradrenaline , adrenaline , dopamine , oxymetazoline or acetylcholine was measured.2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
67,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
denervated vasa were more sensitive than control vasa to noradrenaline ( 16-fold ) , to adrenaline ( 8-fold ) , to dopamine ( 2-fold ) and to oxymetazoline ( 2-fold ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
57,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
88,
98
]
} |
the actions of adrenaline , noradrenaline and angiotensin and , occasionally , other drugs were tested before and after repeated injections of morphine or one of ten related substances in various preparations of the spinal cat.3 . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
15,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
28,
41
]
} |
tachyphylaxis in response to morphine could be related to a simultaneous decrease in the tissue responses to adrenaline , noradrenaline and angiotensin but such a parallelism has not been shown for the substances related to morphine . | NA | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "adrenaline",
"pos": [
109,
119
]
} | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "noradrenaline",
"pos": [
122,
135
]
} |
while most of the monoclonal antibodies detect this molecule one bone-marrow and spleen cells of all mouse strains , two antibodies recognize alternative allelic forms of the molecule . | NA | {
"id": "C0003250",
"name": "monoclonal antibodies",
"pos": [
18,
39
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
121,
131
]
} |
bpp5a ( less than gln-lys-trp-ala-pro , sq 20,475 ) is less active and d-3-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl-l-proline ( captopril , sq 14,225 ) has essentially no activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0033382",
"name": "proline",
"pos": [
104,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0006938",
"name": "captopril",
"pos": [
114,
123
]
} |
unlike the normal adrenal , p259 in nedh rats contains mainly norepinephrine and dopamine with little epinephrine ; | NA | {
"id": "C0028351",
"name": "norepinephrine",
"pos": [
62,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0014563",
"name": "epinephrine",
"pos": [
102,
113
]
} |
the same antisera were highly reactive with intact organisms by micro-immunfluorescence , demonstrating that at least some of the antibodies raised with sds-polypeptide complexes reacted with native antigenic sites of these surface proteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0020960",
"name": "antisera",
"pos": [
9,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0003241",
"name": "antibodies",
"pos": [
130,
140
]
} |
425 randomly selected , fresh clinical isolates were tested for susceptibility to norfloxacin and other orally absorbed agents , i.e . amoxicillin , ampicillin , carbenicillin ( available commercially as the indanyl ester ) , cefaclor , cinoxacin , erythromycin , nalidixic acid , penicillin g , tetracycline , trimethoprim and co-trimoxazole . | NA | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxicillin",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
149,
159
]
} |
425 randomly selected , fresh clinical isolates were tested for susceptibility to norfloxacin and other orally absorbed agents , i.e . amoxicillin , ampicillin , carbenicillin ( available commercially as the indanyl ester ) , cefaclor , cinoxacin , erythromycin , nalidixic acid , penicillin g , tetracycline , trimethoprim and co-trimoxazole . | NA | {
"id": "C0002680",
"name": "ampicillin",
"pos": [
149,
159
]
} | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "penicillin g",
"pos": [
281,
293
]
} |
425 randomly selected , fresh clinical isolates were tested for susceptibility to norfloxacin and other orally absorbed agents , i.e . amoxicillin , ampicillin , carbenicillin ( available commercially as the indanyl ester ) , cefaclor , cinoxacin , erythromycin , nalidixic acid , penicillin g , tetracycline , trimethoprim and co-trimoxazole . | NA | {
"id": "C0006976",
"name": "carbenicillin",
"pos": [
162,
175
]
} | {
"id": "C0030827",
"name": "penicillin g",
"pos": [
281,
293
]
} |
balb/c mice were immunized by various doses of the antigen with alum followed by a booster injection on day 14 after primary injection of the protozoan antigen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
51,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0003338",
"name": "protozoan antigen",
"pos": [
142,
159
]
} |
it contained appreciable amounts of the amino acids glutamic acid , alanine , leucine , aspartic acid and lysine , but little or no tyrosine , phenylalanine , proline , glucosamine or galactosamine . | NA | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
40,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0001898",
"name": "alanine",
"pos": [
149,
156
]
} |
sera from 625 eskimos and 73 danes ( caucasians ) living in greenland , as well as from 62 danes living in denmark , were tested for complement-fixing antibody to epstein-barr virus ( ebv ) soluble antigen and , from this study group , 129 donors were matched by age and sex for a study comparing antibody to viral capsid antigen , early antigen , and soluble antigen . | NA | {
"id": "C0003342",
"name": "viral",
"pos": [
309,
314
]
} | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
360,
367
]
} |
we have raised a hybridoma , 4.2 , which forms an igm antibody to an antigen expressed on cultivated cells from most human melanomas , more infrequently on cells from other human tumors , and very weakly on cultivated fibroblasts , t cells and b cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
101,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
218,
229
]
} |
the effects of somatostatin ( srif ) infusion on blood sugar , immunoreactive insulin ( iri ) , immunoreactive glucagon ( irg ) and c-peptide after administration of oral glucose load ( 100 g ) to 23 obese subjects were examined . | NA | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood sugar",
"pos": [
49,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
171,
178
]
} |
they do not demonstrate if the behaviour of blood sugar is influenced by variations of these hormones or by the direct effect of srif infusion on absorption of the glucose load . | NA | {
"id": "C0005802",
"name": "blood sugar",
"pos": [
44,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0017725",
"name": "glucose",
"pos": [
164,
171
]
} |
for cytidine , deoxycytidine , 5'-cmp , 3 ' -cmp and 5 ' -dcmp , four radicals have been observed and for uridine , deoxyuridine , 5 ' -ump , 3 ' -ump and 5 ' -dump , the existence of at least three radical species have been established . | NA | {
"id": "C0010715",
"name": "cytidine",
"pos": [
4,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0011485",
"name": "deoxycytidine",
"pos": [
15,
28
]
} |
the cases in which the disturbances were largely angina-like and without ectopic beats or arrhythmias were chosen for study . | NA | {
"id": "C0340464",
"name": "ectopic beats",
"pos": [
73,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0003811",
"name": "arrhythmias",
"pos": [
90,
101
]
} |
the well-known effect of the concentration of the permeant ions on the equilibrium pressure difference in donnan systems is related to the influence of the ionic strength on the extent of accumulation of the impermeant electrolyte at the membrane interface . | NA | {
"id": "C0022023",
"name": "ions",
"pos": [
59,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0013832",
"name": "electrolyte",
"pos": [
219,
230
]
} |
placental changes as a consequence of the interruption of midtrimester pregnancies by prostaglandin f2 alpha . | NA | {
"id": "C0032980",
"name": "midtrimester",
"pos": [
58,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0032961",
"name": "pregnancies",
"pos": [
71,
82
]
} |
we examined 1 ) the bronchodilatating nature of the selective purinergic agonists [ adenosine ( ad ) and adenosine triphosphate ( atp ) ] , 2 ) antagonistic nature of aminophylline and quinidine , and 3 ) the comparative efficacy of nonadrenergic and sympathetic inhibition in reversing bronchoconstriction induced with serotonin . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "adenosine",
"pos": [
84,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0001480",
"name": "adenosine triphosphate",
"pos": [
105,
127
]
} |
dipyridamole , an ad reuptake inhibitor , did not alter the response to ad , atp , or electrical stimulation . | NA | {
"id": "C0001443",
"name": "ad",
"pos": [
18,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0001480",
"name": "atp",
"pos": [
77,
80
]
} |
comparing as exchange during hfv with three different density carrier gases ( he , n2 , and ar ) , the efficiency of elimination of co2 or the intravenously infused inert gases was greatest with he-o2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0017112",
"name": "inert gases",
"pos": [
165,
176
]
} | {
"id": "C0018880",
"name": "he",
"pos": [
195,
197
]
} |
genetic evidence if presented which indicates that the mutant possesses a second mutation , or possibly multiple mutations , whose lethal expression is dependent on the inability of the mutant to synthesize a fully acylated and 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonate-substituted lipid a portion of lipopolysaccharide at elevated temperatures . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
269,
276
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lipopolysaccharide",
"pos": [
288,
306
]
} |
a 32p-labeled fragment of dna , encoding the major part of the chromosomal ampc beta-lactamase gene of escherichia coli k-12 , was used as a hybridization probe for homologous dna sequences in colonies of neisseria gonorrhoeae , pseudomonas aeruginosa , and different enterobacterial species . | NA | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
176,
179
]
} |
( ii ) growth at 39 degrees c or growth at 34 degrees c with 3 % ethanol or 2-propanol cures [ hok ] and [ nex ] . | NA | {
"id": "C0001962",
"name": "ethanol",
"pos": [
65,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0022237",
"name": "2-propanol",
"pos": [
76,
86
]
} |
extracts of these mutants contained normal amounts of the b-type cytochromes which , in the wild type , were associated with nitrate reductase and formate dehydrogenase , respectively , although they could not mediate the oxidation of these cytochromes with nitrate . | NA | {
"id": "C1256751",
"name": "b-type cytochromes",
"pos": [
58,
76
]
} | {
"id": "C0010798",
"name": "cytochromes",
"pos": [
241,
252
]
} |
the results demonstrate that changes in dna concentration ( per mass ) have no effect on the cell growth rate and the rates of synthesis ( per mass ) of stable rna ( rrna , trna ) , bulk mrna , or protein or on the concentration of rna polymerase ( total rna polymerase per mass ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
160,
163
]
} | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "rrna",
"pos": [
166,
170
]
} |
when both strains were grown on folinate , the thy- fol+ strain was at least 10 ( 3 ) -fold more resistant to the folic acid analogs aminopterin and methotrexate than the wild-type strain . | NA | {
"id": "C0002583",
"name": "aminopterin",
"pos": [
133,
144
]
} | {
"id": "C0025677",
"name": "methotrexate",
"pos": [
149,
161
]
} |
on transfer to hypotonic nacl solutions ( 20 mosmol/kg ) , cells showed high enzyme activity which was relatively independent of the concentration of the coenzyme pyridoxal phosphate ( assay concentrations , 5 and 200 microm ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0009235",
"name": "coenzyme",
"pos": [
154,
162
]
} | {
"id": "C0034266",
"name": "pyridoxal phosphate",
"pos": [
163,
182
]
} |
the possible biological role of the small , anion-specific protein p channels in phosphate uptake from the medium is discussed . | NA | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
44,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0031603",
"name": "phosphate",
"pos": [
81,
90
]
} |
it was also shown that guanine nucleotides were degraded via guanosine and guanine liberating ammonia in the same brain system when substrates for the purine nucleotide cycle were omitted . | NA | {
"id": "C0018328",
"name": "guanine nucleotides",
"pos": [
23,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0034137",
"name": "purine nucleotide",
"pos": [
151,
168
]
} |
interaction of aminoacyl-trna with bacterial elongation factor tu : gtp complex : effects of the amino group of amino acid esterified to trna , the amino acid side chain , and trna structure . | NA | {
"id": "C0035714",
"name": "aminoacyl-trna",
"pos": [
15,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acid",
"pos": [
148,
158
]
} |
these results suggest that gs 2 is a multifunctional one polypeptide enzyme and the mutant-type gs 2s from bii-3 ( proline-lacking ) , bi-3 ( valine-lacking ) , and bi-9 ( leucine-lacking ) are also multifunctional enzymes having molecular weights identical to that of the wild-type enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C3658346",
"name": "multifunctional enzymes",
"pos": [
199,
222
]
} | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
283,
289
]
} |
highly purified uricase [ urate : oxygen oxidoreductase , ec 1.7.3.3 ] was obtained from candida utilis by affinity chromatography with xanthine-agarose conjugate followed by chromatography with sephadex g-200 in the presence of dithiothreitol . | NA | {
"id": "C0041931",
"name": "uricase",
"pos": [
16,
23
]
} | {
"id": "C0030016",
"name": "oxidoreductase",
"pos": [
41,
55
]
} |
on immunodiffusion analysis , anti-cathepsin b serum reacted with cathepsin b , but not with cathepsin h , indicating that the three thiol proteinases are distinct . | NA | {
"id": "C0007428",
"name": "cathepsin",
"pos": [
35,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0030940",
"name": "proteinases",
"pos": [
139,
150
]
} |
it was also shown on gel filtration of the sds-treated ldl derivatives that the strongly immobilized component was on the apoprotein b moiety , whereas either noncovalent binding to ldl or binding to some small molecular species other than protein was suggested for the weakly immobilized component . | NA | {
"id": "C0003601",
"name": "apoprotein",
"pos": [
122,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
240,
247
]
} |
in comparison with duck ii and duck iii lysozymes from kaki-duck ( hermann and jolles ( 1970 ) biochim . biophys . acta 200 , 178-179 ; hermann et al . ( 1971 ) eur . j. biochem . 24 , 12-17 ) as regards amino acid sequences , duck ii is identical to dl-1 except for one displacement of gln-57 in dl-1 to glu in duck ii , while duck iii is rather different from our three lysozymes . | NA | {
"id": "C0017797",
"name": "gln",
"pos": [
287,
290
]
} | {
"id": "C0061472",
"name": "glu",
"pos": [
305,
308
]
} |
in thin layer electrophoresis , the two depressor substances moved with mobilities identical with those of synthetic bradykinin and synthetic [ des-pro3 ] -bradykinin but not those of methionyl-lysyl- or lysyl-bradykinin . | NA | {
"id": "C0006100",
"name": "bradykinin",
"pos": [
117,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0022474",
"name": "lysyl-bradykinin",
"pos": [
204,
220
]
} |
second , the cgmp activity of three highly purified lps preparations of known chemical structure was measured , and third , a well characterized lps was broken into its lipid a and polysaccharide fractions and the cgmp activity of each fraction determined . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
52,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
169,
176
]
} |
the results showed that the cgmp stimulatory activity in e. coli 055 : b5 cells co-purified in a parallel fashion with the lps molecule derived from those cells , that the three chemically defined , highly purified lps preparations were all very potent stimulators of cgmp levels , and that the ability to increase cgmp levels of lipid a prepared from a highly purified lps was comparable in potency to the intact lps , whereas the polysaccharide portion of the molecule was without activity . | NA | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
330,
337
]
} | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
414,
417
]
} |
these findings indicate that the cgmp effect of lps preparation is due to lps and not a contaminant and that the activity resides within the lipid a moiety of the molecule . | NA | {
"id": "C0023810",
"name": "lps",
"pos": [
48,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0023767",
"name": "lipid a",
"pos": [
141,
148
]
} |
fluorescent derivatives of a phosphatidylglycerol , phosphatidylserine , phosphatidic acid , phosphatidylcholine , phosphatidylethanolamine , and diacylglycerol have been studied to establish the effect of different polar headgroups on the mechanism and kinetics of spontaneous phospholipid transfer between recombinants of human plasma apolipoprotein a-ii and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine . | NA | {
"id": "C1959616",
"name": "phosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
93,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0012456",
"name": "dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
361,
391
]
} |
in conclusion , we have identified highly conserved epitopes in cardiac myosin , which were found to specifically occur on either the high ca2+-atpase type v1 isomyosin or the lower atpase type v3 ventricular isomyosin in most of the species examined . | NA | {
"id": "C0001476",
"name": "ca2",
"pos": [
139,
142
]
} | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
182,
188
]
} |
purification and further characterization of the ca2+-activated proteinase specific for the intermediate filament proteins vimentin and desmin . | NA | {
"id": "C0021769",
"name": "intermediate filament proteins",
"pos": [
92,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0042666",
"name": "vimentin",
"pos": [
123,
131
]
} |
fluorescein 5'-isothiocyanate ( fitc ) has been shown to specifically inactivate the na+- and k+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase ( ( na , k ) -atpase ) at low concentrations ( karlish , s. j. d. ( 1979 ) na+ , k+atpase structure and kinetics 115-128 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0001473",
"name": "atpase",
"pos": [
147,
153
]
} | {
"id": "C0001479",
"name": "na",
"pos": [
208,
210
]
} |
dna from bacteriophage sp6 grown on salmonella typhimurium lt2 is a linear duplex with a unique dna sequence having a molecular weight of 2.9 x 10 ( 6 ) ( 43.500 base pairs ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0012854",
"name": "dna",
"pos": [
0,
3
]
} | {
"id": "C0000702",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
168,
169
]
} |
these data , taken together with the results of previous studies ( hui , d. y. , and harmony , j. a. k. ( 1980 ) proc . natl . acad . sci . u. s. a . 77 , 4764-4768 ; hui , d. y. , harmony , j. a. k. ( 1980 ) j. biol . chem . 255 , 11775-11781 ) , indicate that lipoprotein-associated apo-e serves as a recognition determinant for lymphocyte surface receptors and as a suppressive lipoprotein constituent . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
262,
273
]
} | {
"id": "C0065058",
"name": "a",
"pos": [
367,
368
]
} |
analyses of the rna extracted from the cells labeled with [ 3h ] uridine by agarose gel electrophoresis and by poly ( u ) -sepharose column chromatography show that the contents of ribosomal precursor rna and poly ( a ) -containing rna are both low in the methylnitrosourea-treated cells as compared with those in the untreated cells and that the reduction in the contents of these kinds of rna is almost completely prevented by the addition of 3-aminobenzamide to the culture medium . | NA | {
"id": "C0035701",
"name": "ribosomal",
"pos": [
181,
190
]
} | {
"id": "C0035668",
"name": "rna",
"pos": [
391,
394
]
} |
administration of insulin in vivo provoked rapid ( near maximal in 30 min ) increases ( 65-90 % ) in the concentrations of phosphatidic acid , phosphatidylinositol , and polyphosphoinositides in rat adipose tissue . | NA | {
"id": "C0031621",
"name": "phosphatidylinositol",
"pos": [
143,
163
]
} | {
"id": "C0071655",
"name": "polyphosphoinositides",
"pos": [
170,
191
]
} |
under standard perfusion conditions of rat liver perfused in situ , intracellular gsh content was 5.5 mumol x g of liver-1 , and intracellular gssg content was 18 nmol x g of liver-1 , resulting in a gsh/gssg ratio of 300 . | NA | {
"id": "C0017817",
"name": "gsh",
"pos": [
82,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0061516",
"name": "gssg",
"pos": [
204,
208
]
} |
epoxidase activity is not affected by the rat 's vitamin a status , nor is it inducible by retinoic acid . | NA | {
"id": "C0042839",
"name": "vitamin a",
"pos": [
49,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0040845",
"name": "retinoic acid",
"pos": [
91,
104
]
} |
inhibition of bicarbonate uptake by extracellular sulfate and by the anion transport inhibitor 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2'-stilbene disulfonate demonstrates that bicarbonate does not enter the cell exclusively by co2 diffusion but can be transported in part as an anionic species . | NA | {
"id": "C0038720",
"name": "sulfate",
"pos": [
50,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anionic",
"pos": [
261,
268
]
} |
l-cysteine ( ki , 1.0 mm ) competes with l-selenocysteine ( km , 0.83 mm ) to inhibit the enzyme reaction . | NA | {
"id": "C0010654",
"name": "l-cysteine",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0074289",
"name": "selenocysteine",
"pos": [
43,
57
]
} |
arginine and homoarginine accumulate in human fibroblasts reaching distribution ratios of more than 20 at external amino acid concentrations in the physiological range . | NA | {
"id": "C0003765",
"name": "arginine",
"pos": [
0,
8
]
} | {
"id": "C0019877",
"name": "homoarginine",
"pos": [
13,
25
]
} |
analogous to the findings with other tissues , the influx of cationic amino acids into hepatoma cells is na+- and ph-independent , stereoselective , inhibitable by neutral amino acids in the presence of na+ , and stimulated by cationic amino acids inside of the cell . | NA | {
"id": "C0301715",
"name": "neutral amino acids",
"pos": [
164,
183
]
} | {
"id": "C0002520",
"name": "amino acids",
"pos": [
236,
247
]
} |
the lipid mixtures consisted of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine or egg yolk phosphatidylcholine in the presence of various molar ratios of cholesterol . | NA | {
"id": "C0000039",
"name": "dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
32,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C1959616",
"name": "phosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
75,
94
]
} |
one-dimensional partial proteolytic mapping analysis of 32p-labeled bands 4.1 a and 4.1 b and two-dimensional peptide mapping analysis of 125i-labeled bands 4.1 a and 4.1 b clearly demonstrated that the two proteins are sequence-related phosphoproteins . | NA | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "proteins",
"pos": [
207,
215
]
} | {
"id": "C0031689",
"name": "phosphoproteins",
"pos": [
237,
252
]
} |
this protein can be distinguished from other previously characterized seminal plasma proteins and it is assumed that this protein is responsible for delaying uptake of calcium into ejaculated sperm by altering a component ( s ) of the sperm plasma membrane which serves to actively transport calcium into these cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0074312",
"name": "seminal plasma proteins",
"pos": [
70,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0033684",
"name": "protein",
"pos": [
122,
129
]
} |
the amino acid sequences lys-ala-trp-ala-val-ala-arg from residues 211-217 of human albumin or lys-ala-trp-ser-val-ala-arg from residues 210-216 of bovine albumin are compatible with this requirement . | NA | {
"id": "C0304925",
"name": "human albumin",
"pos": [
78,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0001924",
"name": "albumin",
"pos": [
155,
162
]
} |
prostaglandin e1 was 2-fold more effective than either sodium fluoride or forskolin in stimulating the enzyme from bled reticulocytes , whereas it was 3-fold less effective than either fluoride or forskolin in the case of membranes from animals which had been exposed to phenylhydrazine . | NA | {
"id": "C0037508",
"name": "sodium fluoride",
"pos": [
55,
70
]
} | {
"id": "C0016327",
"name": "fluoride",
"pos": [
185,
193
]
} |
human ltc is a lipid-protein complex with phospholipid , cholesterol , cholesteryl ester , and glyceride comprising 7 % of the total mass . | NA | {
"id": "C0008377",
"name": "cholesterol",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0008387",
"name": "cholesteryl ester",
"pos": [
71,
88
]
} |
active lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase is not , however , required for exchange of phosphatidylcholine or cholesteryl ester facilitated by human ltc . | NA | {
"id": "C0031617",
"name": "lecithin",
"pos": [
7,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C1959616",
"name": "phosphatidylcholine",
"pos": [
90,
109
]
} |
coupled exchange of phospholipid and neutral lipid is not dictated by the nature of the lipoprotein donor and acceptor substrates : bovine liver phospholipid exchange protein catalyzes exchange of phosphatidylcholine but not cholesteryl ester between low and high density lipoproteins under conditions identical with those in which human ltc facilitates exchange of both lipids . | NA | {
"id": "C0023820",
"name": "lipoprotein",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0023779",
"name": "lipids",
"pos": [
371,
377
]
} |
r- and s-warfarin inhibition of vitamin k and vitamin k 2,3-epoxide reductase activities in the rat . | NA | {
"id": "C0042878",
"name": "vitamin k",
"pos": [
32,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0086605",
"name": "vitamin k 2",
"pos": [
46,
57
]
} |
the conformational changes indicated by the cd and magnetic cd spectra when copper is removed from the enzyme were supported by the epr spectra of the no complex of the reduced copper-depleted enzyme . | NA | {
"id": "C0014442",
"name": "enzyme",
"pos": [
103,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0026741",
"name": "complex",
"pos": [
154,
161
]
} |
in analogous experiments using the angiotensin ii antagonist , 125i-sarcosine1 , ala8-angiotensin ii ( 125i-saralasin ) , guanine nucleotides minimally affected the interaction of 125i-saralasin with its receptor , increasing the dissociation rate 1.9-fold and the kd 1.4-fold . | NA | {
"id": "C0003009",
"name": "angiotensin ii",
"pos": [
35,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0036193",
"name": "saralasin",
"pos": [
185,
194
]
} |
globin from hemoglobin a and hemes with altered 2,4-substituents gave reconstituted hemoglobins that autooxidize at rates that decrease with the electron-withdrawing power of the substituent : acetyl greater than vinyl greater than hydrogen greater than ethyl . | NA | {
"id": "C0019016",
"name": "hemoglobin a",
"pos": [
12,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobins",
"pos": [
84,
95
]
} |
incubation of ( bi ) sulfite with prostaglandin synthase and arachidonic acid , 15-hydroperoxyarachidonic acid , or h2o2 results in the formation of the reactive sulfur trioxide anion radical ( so3 ( - ) ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0038750",
"name": "sulfite",
"pos": [
21,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0003075",
"name": "anion",
"pos": [
178,
183
]
} |
specificity and reactivity of human leukocyte elastase , porcine pancreatic elastase , human granulocyte cathepsin g , and bovine pancreatic chymotrypsin with arylsulfonyl fluorides . | NA | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "human leukocyte elastase",
"pos": [
30,
54
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "pancreatic",
"pos": [
130,
140
]
} |
the reactivity and specificity of a series of substituted benzenesulfonyl fluorides with human leukocyte ( hl ) elastase , cathepsin g , porcine pancreatic ( pp ) elastase , and bovine chymotrypsin a alpha are reported . | NA | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "human leukocyte",
"pos": [
89,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "pancreatic",
"pos": [
145,
155
]
} |
the 2 -- ( cf3cf2cf2conh ) and 2 -- ( cf3snh ) derivatives were quite selective for hl elastase and inhibited pp elastase , cathepsin g , and chymotrypsin a alpha quite slowly . | NA | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "hl",
"pos": [
84,
86
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "pp elastase",
"pos": [
110,
121
]
} |
inhibition of human leukocyte elastase , porcine pancreatic elastase , cathepsin g , and bovine chymotrypsin a alpha with substituted benzoxazinones , quinazolines , and anthranilates . | NA | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "human",
"pos": [
14,
19
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "pancreatic elastase",
"pos": [
49,
68
]
} |
the serine proteases human leukocyte ( hl ) elastase , porcine pancreatic elastase , cathepsin g , and bovine chymotrypsin a alpha are inhibited competitively at ph 7.5 by heterocyclic compounds such as 2-substituted 4h-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones , 4-quinazolines , and 4-chloroquinazolines , n-substituted phthalimides , and by thioesters of n-acylanthranilic acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0036734",
"name": "serine proteases",
"pos": [
4,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "pancreatic elastase",
"pos": [
63,
82
]
} |
the serine proteases human leukocyte ( hl ) elastase , porcine pancreatic elastase , cathepsin g , and bovine chymotrypsin a alpha are inhibited competitively at ph 7.5 by heterocyclic compounds such as 2-substituted 4h-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones , 4-quinazolines , and 4-chloroquinazolines , n-substituted phthalimides , and by thioesters of n-acylanthranilic acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0036734",
"name": "serine proteases",
"pos": [
4,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0008742",
"name": "chymotrypsin",
"pos": [
110,
122
]
} |
the serine proteases human leukocyte ( hl ) elastase , porcine pancreatic elastase , cathepsin g , and bovine chymotrypsin a alpha are inhibited competitively at ph 7.5 by heterocyclic compounds such as 2-substituted 4h-3,1-benzoxazin-4-ones , 4-quinazolines , and 4-chloroquinazolines , n-substituted phthalimides , and by thioesters of n-acylanthranilic acids . | NA | {
"id": "C0064833",
"name": "human leukocyte",
"pos": [
21,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0030306",
"name": "pancreatic elastase",
"pos": [
63,
82
]
} |
we have previously reported the presence of four dihydrofolate reductase messenger rnas differing in the length of 3 ' untranslated regions in murine cells ( setzer , d. r. , mcgrogan , m. , nunberg , j. h. , and schimke , r. t. ( 1980 ) cell 22 , 361-370 ) . | NA | {
"id": "C0035696",
"name": "messenger rnas",
"pos": [
73,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0600680",
"name": "untranslated regions",
"pos": [
119,
139
]
} |
preparations of human growth hormone , prolactin , luteinizing hormone , and follicle-stimulating hormone , prolactin , luteinizing hormone , and follicle-stimulating hormone , as well as vasopressin and oxytocin , were inactive in the bioassay , demonstrating that the human pituitary contains a chondrocyte growth factor which appears to be distinct from these anterior and posterior pituitary hormones . | NA | {
"id": "C0030095",
"name": "oxytocin",
"pos": [
204,
212
]
} | {
"id": "C0032017",
"name": "posterior pituitary hormones",
"pos": [
376,
404
]
} |
each antibody reacts with the antigen for which it was prepared , but not with the other four heterologous antigens . | NA | {
"id": "C0003320",
"name": "antigen",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0003333",
"name": "heterologous antigens",
"pos": [
94,
115
]
} |
radiolabeled procollagens were also observed in the acetic acid , penicillamine , and guanidine hydrochloride pools suggesting that collagen precursor molecules complex through covalent and noncovalent interactions with other connective tissue macromolecules . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagens",
"pos": [
13,
25
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
132,
140
]
} |
these results indicate that both procollagen conversion and collagen assembly can follow different pathways depending upon the nature of the collagen and the tissue studied . | NA | {
"id": "C0033235",
"name": "procollagen",
"pos": [
33,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0009325",
"name": "collagen",
"pos": [
141,
149
]
} |
thirty patients with acute thoracic , lumbar , or thoracolumbar fractures , dislocations , or fracture-dislocations were evaluated with standard radiographs , conventional polytomography , and computerized axial tomography . | NA | {
"id": "C0016658",
"name": "fractures",
"pos": [
64,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0332761",
"name": "fracture-dislocations",
"pos": [
94,
115
]
} |
benzimidazoles ( benomyl and nocodazole ) have more general effects on c. elegans ( slow growth , severe uncoordination , and loss of processes from the ventral cord ) but do not affect the 15-p mts . | NA | {
"id": "C0005050",
"name": "benzimidazoles",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0005009",
"name": "benomyl",
"pos": [
17,
24
]
} |
benzimidazoles ( benomyl and nocodazole ) have more general effects on c. elegans ( slow growth , severe uncoordination , and loss of processes from the ventral cord ) but do not affect the 15-p mts . | NA | {
"id": "C0005050",
"name": "benzimidazoles",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0028247",
"name": "nocodazole",
"pos": [
29,
39
]
} |
clonal erythroid cultures have been used in the investigation of the cellular mechanisms underlying the switch from fetal to adult hb formation during ontogeny and the expression of fetal hemoglobin in adult life . | NA | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
131,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0015936",
"name": "fetal hemoglobin",
"pos": [
182,
198
]
} |
observations of hb f levels produced by single erythroid bursts of the neonate make it unlikely that hemoglobin switching during ontogeny is accomplished through replacement of stem cell lines . | NA | {
"id": "C0015936",
"name": "hb f",
"pos": [
16,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
101,
111
]
} |
when normal and sv40-transformed human tumor cells are plated and grown in medium containing zinc sulfate , a significant fraction of the transformed cells fail to grow at zinc concentrations which are relatively nontoxic to the normal fibroblasts . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
45,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
236,
247
]
} |
addition of putrescine or spermidine in the absence of serum did not increase the rate of myoblast proliferation although it did elevate intracellular polyamine levels as expected . | NA | {
"id": "C0034170",
"name": "putrescine",
"pos": [
12,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0037871",
"name": "absence",
"pos": [
44,
51
]
} |
chick embryo fibroblasts serially propagated in media containing division rate-limiting amounts of fetal bovine serum underwent premature culture senescence as illustrated by accelerated declines in the number of cells incorporating 3h-thymidine , increased population doubling times , reduced cell densities at subcultivation , and reduced replicative life-spans compared to cells grown in medium containing non-rate-limiting amounts of serum . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
13,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
376,
381
]
} |
thus , in addition to having similar substratum-associated glycoproteins ( ( eg , fibronectin ) and cytoskeleton-associated proteins ( eg , alpha-actinin and vinculin ) cells from different species and tissue sources appear to have a relatively conserved class of integral membrane glycoproteins involved in cell substratum-adhesion . | NA | {
"id": "C0017968",
"name": "glycoproteins",
"pos": [
59,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0025248",
"name": "membrane glycoproteins",
"pos": [
273,
295
]
} |
the ubiquitous , low-molecular-weight , thiol-rich , metal-binding protein , metallothionein ( mt ) , can be induced in cultured normal human fibroblasts ( nf ) and xeroderma pigmentosum ( xp ) cells by exposure to zncl2 . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
142,
153
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
194,
199
]
} |
both nf and xp cells tolerate up to 200 microm zncl2 in the growth medium , upon addition of zncl2 ( 200 microm ) to monolayer cultures , both nf and xp cells showed similar kinetics for the induction of mt synthesis : within 7 hours the mt synthesis rate rose from a low , marginally detectable rate to a maximal rate at least 50-fold greater than the basal rate . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "nf",
"pos": [
5,
7
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
153,
158
]
} |
exposure of nf and xp cells to far ultraviolet light ( uv ) followed by induction with zncl2 resulted in a uv dose-dependent decrease in the he maximal rate of mt synthesis measured 8.5 hours postirradiation . | NA | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "nf",
"pos": [
12,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
22,
27
]
} |
the uv sensitivity of the mt induction was greater in xp cells than in nf cells . | NA | {
"id": "C0007634",
"name": "cells",
"pos": [
57,
62
]
} | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "nf",
"pos": [
71,
73
]
} |
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