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the central mechanism responsible for the potentiation by antidepressant drugs of analgesia induced by morphine , was explored by measuring the levels of various neuropeptides ( met-enkephalin , leu-enkephalin , dynorphin , substance p and cholecystokinin-like materials ) and the density of delta and mu opioid binding sites in the spinal cord of rats treated for 14 days with amoxapine ( 10 mg/kg i.p. , daily ) or amitriptyline ( 10 mg/kg i.p. , daily ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant drugs",
"pos": [
58,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
417,
430
]
} |
these changes induced by antidepressants in opioidergic markers at the spinal level might account for the potentiation of the action of morphine in amoxapine- or amitriptyline-treated rats . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
25,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0002644",
"name": "amoxapine",
"pos": [
148,
157
]
} |
these changes induced by antidepressants in opioidergic markers at the spinal level might account for the potentiation of the action of morphine in amoxapine- or amitriptyline-treated rats . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
25,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
162,
175
]
} |
if a topical antibiotic ointment is used in addition to parenteral antimicrobial agents , the authors ' laboratory sensitivities suggest that erythromycin may be the drug of choice . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial agents",
"pos": [
67,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0014806",
"name": "erythromycin",
"pos": [
142,
154
]
} |
these preliminary data suggest that several predictors of poor response to lithium carbonate ( manic severity , anxiety and dysphoria , rapid cycling , and negative family history ) may be associated with good antimanic response to carbamazepine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0242911",
"name": "antimanic",
"pos": [
210,
219
]
} | {
"id": "C0006949",
"name": "carbamazepine",
"pos": [
232,
245
]
} |
the recent application of a new neuroleptic agent , pimozide , to the treatment of this disorder is controversial and a new neuroleptic agent , pimozide , to the treatment of this disorder is controversial and needs further study . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic agent",
"pos": [
32,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0031935",
"name": "pimozide",
"pos": [
144,
152
]
} |
[ the effects of neuroleptics on tardive dyskinesias . a video-controlled , randomized study of chlorprothixene , perphenazine , haloperidol and haloperidol + biperiden ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptics",
"pos": [
17,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
145,
156
]
} |
all 93 patients were discharged on antiarrhythmic therapy , 42 on flecainide , 27 on other antiarrhythmic therapy guided by electrophysiologic testing , and 24 on amiodarone ( when all other agents failed ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
35,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
163,
173
]
} |
these drugs , which include the diphenylbutylpiperidine antipsychotic pimozide , the calmodulin antagonist calmidazolium , and the steroidal na+ channel toxin veratridine , were compared with several conventional ca2+ antagonist in 45ca2+ uptake , prolactin secretion , and whole cell patch voltage-clamp experiments . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "antipsychotic",
"pos": [
56,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0031935",
"name": "pimozide",
"pos": [
70,
78
]
} |
because many antidepressants , including trazodone and amitriptyline , the neuroleptic , chlorpromazine , and the mood stabilizer , lithium , may all , under some circumstances , inhibit serotonin reuptake mechanisms and may simultaneously block serotonin receptor sites , their effects on appetite and weight gain may represent a balance between serotonergic and antiserotonin activities . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
13,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
55,
68
]
} |
because many antidepressants , including trazodone and amitriptyline , the neuroleptic , chlorpromazine , and the mood stabilizer , lithium , may all , under some circumstances , inhibit serotonin reuptake mechanisms and may simultaneously block serotonin receptor sites , their effects on appetite and weight gain may represent a balance between serotonergic and antiserotonin activities . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
13,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C2917435",
"name": "mood stabilizer",
"pos": [
114,
129
]
} |
to determine the influence of in vitro activity , pharmacokinetic properties , and therapeutic regimen on the antibacterial effect in vivo , we compared three cephalosporins , cefotiam , cefmenoxime , and ceftriaxone , in a rabbit model of experimental escherichia coli endocarditis after 4 days of treatment . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
110,
123
]
} | {
"id": "C0007561",
"name": "ceftriaxone",
"pos": [
205,
216
]
} |
when antibiotic was given as a single daily injection of 30 mg/kg , the antibacterial effect persisted for ceftriaxone , but not for cefmenoxime . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
72,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0007561",
"name": "ceftriaxone",
"pos": [
107,
118
]
} |
the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the antimycobacterial properties of the antileprosy drug clofazimine and its stimulatory effect on the release of reactive oxidants by polymorphonuclear leukocytes by using a variety of phenazine derivatives . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0360390",
"name": "antimycobacterial",
"pos": [
76,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0008996",
"name": "clofazimine",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} |
dissociation of the antimycobacterial and prooxidative effects of clofazimine was possible by manipulation of the chemical group in position 2 of the phenazine molecule . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0360390",
"name": "antimycobacterial",
"pos": [
20,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0008996",
"name": "clofazimine",
"pos": [
66,
77
]
} |
the neuroleptic agents haloperidol , fluphenazine , domperidone , sulpiride and tiapride also antagonized emesis induced by cisplatin but only a proportion of the animals were completely protected and diazepam and prednisolone only reduced the intensity of the response . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic agents",
"pos": [
4,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
23,
34
]
} |
the antibacterial activity of amoxycillin and augmentin against enterobacteriaceae with special reference to escherichia coli was compared . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0002645",
"name": "amoxycillin",
"pos": [
30,
41
]
} |
percutaneous endocardial electrode catheter ablation using stored direct current ( dc ) electrical energy was performed in five patients with recurrent ventricular tachycardia ( vt ) refractory to many antiarrhythmic drugs , including amiodarone . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
202,
222
]
} | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
235,
245
]
} |
all but one patient had been treated with one or more antiarrhythmic agents ( digoxin , quinidine , procainamide , propranolol , verapamil , diltiazem , and propafenone ) within the previous 12 hours . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic agents",
"pos": [
54,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0034414",
"name": "quinidine",
"pos": [
88,
97
]
} |
all but one patient had been treated with one or more antiarrhythmic agents ( digoxin , quinidine , procainamide , propranolol , verapamil , diltiazem , and propafenone ) within the previous 12 hours . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic agents",
"pos": [
54,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0033216",
"name": "procainamide",
"pos": [
100,
112
]
} |
all but one patient had been treated with one or more antiarrhythmic agents ( digoxin , quinidine , procainamide , propranolol , verapamil , diltiazem , and propafenone ) within the previous 12 hours . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic agents",
"pos": [
54,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0033429",
"name": "propafenone",
"pos": [
157,
168
]
} |
competition for binding existed between dansylated csa and native csa as well as the cam inhibitor w-7 and the classic antimalarial chloroquine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial",
"pos": [
119,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0008269",
"name": "chloroquine",
"pos": [
132,
143
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic and antifibrillatory actions of the class ic antiarrhythmic agent flecainide acetate were examined in urethane-anesthetized dogs with recent myocardial infarction . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0086303",
"name": "flecainide acetate",
"pos": [
85,
103
]
} |
these three calcium blockers have antimalarial effects on chloroquine resistant parasite ( alone t9/94 ) but are less potent when compared with the efficacy of quinine or mefloquine in vitro . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial",
"pos": [
34,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0008269",
"name": "chloroquine",
"pos": [
58,
69
]
} |
these three calcium blockers have antimalarial effects on chloroquine resistant parasite ( alone t9/94 ) but are less potent when compared with the efficacy of quinine or mefloquine in vitro . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial",
"pos": [
34,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0025153",
"name": "mefloquine",
"pos": [
171,
181
]
} |
diprafenone is a new antiarrhythmic agent currently under clinical investigation , with close chemical similarity to propafenone . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic agent",
"pos": [
21,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0033429",
"name": "propafenone",
"pos": [
117,
128
]
} |
despite these side effects , further clinical evaluation of the compound seems promising , as the antiarrhythmic potency of diprafenone is very strong and superior to that of propafenone with respect to the required doses . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
98,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0033429",
"name": "propafenone",
"pos": [
175,
186
]
} |
it seems possible that both above mechanisms are involved in the antipsychotic action of haloperidol . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "antipsychotic",
"pos": [
65,
78
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
89,
100
]
} |
antiarrhythmic efficacy of penticainide and comparison with disopyramide , flecainide , propafenone and mexiletine by acute oral drug testing . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0012702",
"name": "disopyramide",
"pos": [
60,
72
]
} |
antiarrhythmic efficacy of penticainide and comparison with disopyramide , flecainide , propafenone and mexiletine by acute oral drug testing . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0016229",
"name": "flecainide",
"pos": [
75,
85
]
} |
antiarrhythmic efficacy of penticainide and comparison with disopyramide , flecainide , propafenone and mexiletine by acute oral drug testing . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0033429",
"name": "propafenone",
"pos": [
88,
99
]
} |
antiarrhythmic efficacy of penticainide and comparison with disopyramide , flecainide , propafenone and mexiletine by acute oral drug testing . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
0,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0025887",
"name": "mexiletine",
"pos": [
104,
114
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic efficacy of the other drugs tested in the same population was : disopyramide , 12 of 19 ( 63 % ) ; | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0012702",
"name": "disopyramide",
"pos": [
83,
95
]
} |
the prevention of these responses will require further research on risk factors and on the antimanic efficacy of coadministered lithium or other mood stabilizers . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0242911",
"name": "antimanic",
"pos": [
91,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C2917435",
"name": "mood stabilizers",
"pos": [
145,
161
]
} |
these antibody bearing liposomes have now been found quite effective as vehicles for delivering the antimalarial drug , chloroquine , to erythrocytes in plasmodium berghei-infected mice . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003374",
"name": "antimalarial drug",
"pos": [
100,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0008269",
"name": "chloroquine",
"pos": [
120,
131
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic efficacy of encainide , sotalol , flecainide and disopyramide was evaluated in anesthetized dogs subjected to 2-stage total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0037707",
"name": "sotalol",
"pos": [
43,
50
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic efficacy of encainide , sotalol , flecainide and disopyramide was evaluated in anesthetized dogs subjected to 2-stage total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0016229",
"name": "flecainide",
"pos": [
53,
63
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic efficacy of encainide , sotalol , flecainide and disopyramide was evaluated in anesthetized dogs subjected to 2-stage total occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0012702",
"name": "disopyramide",
"pos": [
68,
80
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic activity of the three compounds and the physico-chemical properties , as measured in liposomes , are compared with that of quinidine and aprindine . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0034414",
"name": "quinidine",
"pos": [
142,
151
]
} |
the neuroleptic drug haloperidol did not block binding to either the high- or the low-affinity [ 3h ] tcp sites , whereas ca2+ inhibited binding to both . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic drug",
"pos": [
4,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
21,
32
]
} |
kinetics and resting and exercise-induced hemodynamic and ecg effects of nicainoprol , a new antiarrhythmic structurally resembling propafenone or propranolol , were investigated in eight healthy male subjects receiving a 1-hour infusion ( 100 mg ) and oral dose ( 200 mg ) in a randomized-crossover fashion . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
93,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0033429",
"name": "propafenone",
"pos": [
132,
143
]
} |
combining class ii and class iii antiarrhythmic properties , sotalol can be given either intravenously or orally and its pharmacokinetic properties permit long dosing ( once or twice daily ) intervals . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
33,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0037707",
"name": "sotalol",
"pos": [
61,
68
]
} |
endocavitary fulgurations were practised in 26 cases of high risk ventricular tachycardia ( vt ) for which antiarrhythmics including amiodarone and class i antiarrhythmic agents given alone or in combination proved ineffectiveness . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmics",
"pos": [
107,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
133,
143
]
} |
the antiarrhythmic drugs tocainide and mexiletine increase the excitation threshold and decrease the na permeability ( pna ) in nerves . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drugs",
"pos": [
4,
24
]
} | {
"id": "C0025887",
"name": "mexiletine",
"pos": [
39,
49
]
} |
neuroleptic molecules of the diphenylbutylpiperidine series ( dpbp ) , such as fluspirilene , penfluridol , pimozide and clopimozide , antagonize binding of ( - ) [ 3h ] desmethoxyverapamil ( ( - ) [ 3h ] d888 ) and ( + ) [ 3h ] pn 200-110 to rabbit brain , heart and smooth muscle membranes . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0031935",
"name": "pimozide",
"pos": [
124,
132
]
} |
the mic of various antibacterial substances showed that potassium tellurite , kanamycin and bacitracin were effective to isolate the organism selectively from various infection sites harboring many other species of bacteria . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
19,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0022487",
"name": "kanamycin",
"pos": [
78,
87
]
} |
a new semisynthetic oral cephalosporin , bmy-28100 , was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with cefaclor and cephalexin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
92,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0007537",
"name": "cefaclor",
"pos": [
136,
144
]
} |
a new semisynthetic oral cephalosporin , bmy-28100 , was evaluated for in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities in comparison with cefaclor and cephalexin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
92,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0007716",
"name": "cephalexin",
"pos": [
149,
159
]
} |
the antibacterial activity of ly146032 , a new cyclic polypeptide , was compared with that of vancomycin against 163 isolates of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and s. epidermidis . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0042313",
"name": "vancomycin",
"pos": [
94,
104
]
} |
the antidepressant efficacy of alprazolam ( alp ) was tested in a double-blind controlled comparison with desipramine ( dmi ) and an alp-dmi combination in outpatients diagnosed with major depressive disorder by research diagnostic criteria ( 90 % met criteria for endogenous subtype ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
4,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0011685",
"name": "desipramine",
"pos": [
106,
117
]
} |
in addition , compared to amphotericin b as an antifungal genitourinary irrigant , miconazole is prepared more easily , requires less labor and preparation time , and does not require refrigeration or protection from light . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal",
"pos": [
47,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0025942",
"name": "miconazole",
"pos": [
83,
93
]
} |
antibacterial activities of azt were examined and compared with those of 5 antibiotics ( cefoperazone ( cpz ) , latamoxef ( lmox ) , cefotaxime ( ctx ) , cefmetazole ( cmz ) and cefsulodin ( cfs ) against 296 strains of clinical isolates . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0004521",
"name": "azt",
"pos": [
28,
31
]
} |
antibacterial activities of azt were examined and compared with those of 5 antibiotics ( cefoperazone ( cpz ) , latamoxef ( lmox ) , cefotaxime ( ctx ) , cefmetazole ( cmz ) and cefsulodin ( cfs ) against 296 strains of clinical isolates . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0007552",
"name": "cefoperazone",
"pos": [
89,
101
]
} |
antibacterial activities of azt were examined and compared with those of 5 antibiotics ( cefoperazone ( cpz ) , latamoxef ( lmox ) , cefotaxime ( ctx ) , cefmetazole ( cmz ) and cefsulodin ( cfs ) against 296 strains of clinical isolates . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "cefotaxime",
"pos": [
133,
143
]
} |
antibacterial activity of these antibiotics against isolates from outpatients was rated as follows : azt greater than cpz greater than lmox greater than ctx greater than cmz . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0004521",
"name": "azt",
"pos": [
101,
104
]
} |
antibacterial activity of these antibiotics against isolates from outpatients was rated as follows : azt greater than cpz greater than lmox greater than ctx greater than cmz . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0007552",
"name": "cpz",
"pos": [
118,
121
]
} |
antibacterial activity of these antibiotics against isolates from outpatients was rated as follows : azt greater than cpz greater than lmox greater than ctx greater than cmz . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
0,
13
]
} | {
"id": "C0007554",
"name": "ctx",
"pos": [
153,
156
]
} |
[ anti-arrhythmic effect of pharmacokinetics of quinidine in middle-aged and elderly patients with a stable form of atrial fibrillation ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "anti-arrhythmic",
"pos": [
2,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0034414",
"name": "quinidine",
"pos": [
48,
57
]
} |
the main antifungal agents used for deep-seated mycotic infections are the broad-spectrum antifungal drug amphotericin b , the narrow-spectrum agent flucytosine , and the newer broad-spectrum agents ketoconazole , miconazole , and itraconazole . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal drug",
"pos": [
90,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0002679",
"name": "amphotericin b",
"pos": [
106,
120
]
} |
the main antifungal agents used for deep-seated mycotic infections are the broad-spectrum antifungal drug amphotericin b , the narrow-spectrum agent flucytosine , and the newer broad-spectrum agents ketoconazole , miconazole , and itraconazole . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal drug",
"pos": [
90,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0016278",
"name": "flucytosine",
"pos": [
149,
160
]
} |
the main antifungal agents used for deep-seated mycotic infections are the broad-spectrum antifungal drug amphotericin b , the narrow-spectrum agent flucytosine , and the newer broad-spectrum agents ketoconazole , miconazole , and itraconazole . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal drug",
"pos": [
90,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0022625",
"name": "ketoconazole",
"pos": [
199,
211
]
} |
the main antifungal agents used for deep-seated mycotic infections are the broad-spectrum antifungal drug amphotericin b , the narrow-spectrum agent flucytosine , and the newer broad-spectrum agents ketoconazole , miconazole , and itraconazole . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal drug",
"pos": [
90,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0025942",
"name": "miconazole",
"pos": [
214,
224
]
} |
long-term administration of the antidepressant drug , desipramine ( 20 mg/kg/day , orally for 28 days ) , decreased the stimulatory effect of the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist , clonidine ( 250 micrograms/kg , i.p . ) on thyrotropin ( tsh ) secretion in the rat , but did not alter basal tsh secretion . beta-adrenoceptor-mediated inhibition of tsh secretion by isoproterenol ( 1 mg/kg , i.p . ) was unaffected by chronic desipramine treatment , as were the stimulatory effect of tsh-releasing hormone ( trh , 5 micrograms/kg , i.v . ) on tsh release and its inhibition by the alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist , phentolamine ( 2 mg/kg , i.p . ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant drug",
"pos": [
32,
51
]
} | {
"id": "C0011685",
"name": "desipramine",
"pos": [
421,
432
]
} |
administration of a neuroleptic haloperidol neither affected enk and dyn levels nor influenced lithium-induced changes . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0040615",
"name": "neuroleptic",
"pos": [
20,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0018546",
"name": "haloperidol",
"pos": [
32,
43
]
} |
effects on physiological parameters were compared among 9 antidepressants ( amitriptyline 50 mg , imipramine 50 mg , nortriptyline 50 mg , amoxapine 50 mg , maprotiline 50 mg , mianserin 20 mg , zimelidine 100 mg , nomifensine 50 mg , and y-8894 50 mg ) after a single oral administration in healthy volunteers . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
58,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
76,
89
]
} |
effects on physiological parameters were compared among 9 antidepressants ( amitriptyline 50 mg , imipramine 50 mg , nortriptyline 50 mg , amoxapine 50 mg , maprotiline 50 mg , mianserin 20 mg , zimelidine 100 mg , nomifensine 50 mg , and y-8894 50 mg ) after a single oral administration in healthy volunteers . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
58,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
98,
108
]
} |
noradrenergic rather than gabaergic processes as the common mediation of the antidepressant profile of gaba agonists and imipramine-like drugs in animals . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
77,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
121,
131
]
} |
a total of 32 strains of azospirillum mainly isolated from rhizosphere of grasses and soils of argentina were examined for susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial agents ( trimethoprim , ampicillin , carbenicillin , streptomycin , spectinomycin , chloramphenicol , kanamycin , nalidixic acid and tetracycline ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobial agents",
"pos": [
143,
163
]
} | {
"id": "C0039644",
"name": "tetracycline",
"pos": [
290,
302
]
} |
as judged by in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing , minimal inhibitory concentrations of antifungal agents other than amphotericin b are achievable , but fungicidal levels are not . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal agents",
"pos": [
95,
112
]
} | {
"id": "C0002679",
"name": "amphotericin b",
"pos": [
124,
138
]
} |
[ effect of various antibacterial substances used alone or in combination in experimental tuberculosis of guinea pigs ; streptomycin , pas , isonicotinic acid hydrazide and sulfones ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
20,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0038425",
"name": "streptomycin",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} |
[ effect of various antibacterial substances used alone or in combination in experimental tuberculosis of rabbits ; streptomycin , neomycin , isonicotinic acid hydrazide and actilin ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
20,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0038425",
"name": "streptomycin",
"pos": [
116,
128
]
} |
[ effect of various antibacterial substances used alone or in combination in experimental tuberculosis of rabbits ; streptomycin , neomycin , isonicotinic acid hydrazide and actilin ] . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
20,
33
]
} | {
"id": "C0027603",
"name": "neomycin",
"pos": [
131,
139
]
} |
[ bacteriological results of the 6 months ' continuous treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis with the triple antibacterial combination : streptomycin , isoniazid and para-amino-salicylic acid ; | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
107,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C0038425",
"name": "streptomycin",
"pos": [
135,
147
]
} |
the growth response of the pig to a dietary source of various antibacterial agents and to intramuscular injections of procaine penicillin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
62,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0030830",
"name": "procaine penicillin",
"pos": [
118,
137
]
} |
the effect of the ph of the medium on the antibacterial action of penicillin , streptomycin , chloramphenicol , terramycin , and bacitracin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
42,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0038425",
"name": "streptomycin",
"pos": [
79,
91
]
} |
the effect of the ph of the medium on the antibacterial action of penicillin , streptomycin , chloramphenicol , terramycin , and bacitracin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
42,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0008168",
"name": "chloramphenicol",
"pos": [
94,
109
]
} |
an experimental bacterial prostatis was created in dogs and the concentraion of six antimicrobials ( erythromycin , rosamicin , trimethoprim , sulphamethoxazole , ampicillin and doxycycline ) measured in plasma and prostatic secretion and their concentration ratios compared to previous studies in healthy dogs . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobials",
"pos": [
84,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0014806",
"name": "erythromycin",
"pos": [
101,
113
]
} |
an experimental bacterial prostatis was created in dogs and the concentraion of six antimicrobials ( erythromycin , rosamicin , trimethoprim , sulphamethoxazole , ampicillin and doxycycline ) measured in plasma and prostatic secretion and their concentration ratios compared to previous studies in healthy dogs . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobials",
"pos": [
84,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0038689",
"name": "sulphamethoxazole",
"pos": [
143,
160
]
} |
measurements of antibacterial activity in bone from patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery were performed after preoperative treatment with doxycycline , lincomycin , clindamycin or cefuroxime . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
16,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0008947",
"name": "clindamycin",
"pos": [
168,
179
]
} |
measurements of antibacterial activity in bone from patients undergoing orthopaedic surgery were performed after preoperative treatment with doxycycline , lincomycin , clindamycin or cefuroxime . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
16,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0007562",
"name": "cefuroxime",
"pos": [
183,
193
]
} |
when exposed to hela cells in tissue culture for 72 hr. , antimicrobials could be categorised into three groups characterised by cell associated concentrations much lower ( ampicillin , cephalexin , cloxacillin , flucloxacillin , streptomycin and trimethoprim , all 14 % or less ) , much higher ( tetracycline and polymyxins ) or approximating to those extracellularly ( erythromycin , lincomycin , fusidic acid and gentamicin ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobials",
"pos": [
58,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0039644",
"name": "tetracycline",
"pos": [
297,
309
]
} |
when exposed to hela cells in tissue culture for 72 hr. , antimicrobials could be categorised into three groups characterised by cell associated concentrations much lower ( ampicillin , cephalexin , cloxacillin , flucloxacillin , streptomycin and trimethoprim , all 14 % or less ) , much higher ( tetracycline and polymyxins ) or approximating to those extracellularly ( erythromycin , lincomycin , fusidic acid and gentamicin ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C1136254",
"name": "antimicrobials",
"pos": [
58,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0014806",
"name": "erythromycin",
"pos": [
371,
383
]
} |
dibekacin was found to be the most active against the tested organisms , whereas the other aminoglycoside antibiotics fell in the following order of diminishing antibacterial potency : amikacin , sisomicin , gentamicin , kanendomycin , and kanamycin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
161,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0002499",
"name": "amikacin",
"pos": [
185,
193
]
} |
dibekacin was found to be the most active against the tested organisms , whereas the other aminoglycoside antibiotics fell in the following order of diminishing antibacterial potency : amikacin , sisomicin , gentamicin , kanendomycin , and kanamycin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
161,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0022487",
"name": "kanamycin",
"pos": [
240,
249
]
} |
of this group , 64 children were therapy-resistant to other antiepileptic medications prior to the introduction of dpa ; | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003299",
"name": "antiepileptic medications",
"pos": [
60,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0042291",
"name": "dpa",
"pos": [
115,
118
]
} |
five patients with the bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome have been treated successfully with the antiarrhythmic agent amiodarone . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic agent",
"pos": [
96,
116
]
} | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
117,
127
]
} |
the analysis of serum samples for the antiepileptic drugs carbamazepine , phenobarbital and phenytoin by a simple extraction technique and chromatographic analysis by high-pressure liquid chromatography is described . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003299",
"name": "antiepileptic drugs",
"pos": [
38,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0031507",
"name": "phenytoin",
"pos": [
92,
101
]
} |
it has been shown that the antiarrhythmic and toxic effects of lidocaine may be in part dependent on its two active metabolites , monoethylglycylxylidide ( megx ) and glycylxylidide ( gx ) . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
27,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lidocaine",
"pos": [
63,
72
]
} |
when an antiarrhythmic drug is to be used , intravenous lidocaine is the drug of choice . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic drug",
"pos": [
8,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0023660",
"name": "lidocaine",
"pos": [
56,
65
]
} |
cephamycin derivatives : comparison of the in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of sq 14,359 , cs-1170 , and cefoxitin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
64,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0007557",
"name": "cefoxitin",
"pos": [
118,
127
]
} |
chronic treatment with two other clinically effective antidepressants , pargyline and iprindole , led to effects similar to those observed with dmi administration . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressants",
"pos": [
54,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0011685",
"name": "dmi",
"pos": [
149,
152
]
} |
a new semi-synthetic penicillin , sulbenicillin , was evaluated with regard to clinical effect on infections caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa and other bacteria , serum concentrations obtained after intravenous administration and antibacterial spectrum , in comparison with the closely related antibiotic carbenicillin . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
230,
243
]
} | {
"id": "C0006976",
"name": "carbenicillin",
"pos": [
305,
318
]
} |
the antibacterial spectra of sulbenicillin and carbenicillin were similar but the mic values were lower for sulbenicillin against most of the bacterial strains tested . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0279516",
"name": "antibacterial",
"pos": [
4,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0006976",
"name": "carbenicillin",
"pos": [
47,
60
]
} |
a microtiter method for the determination of fungal sensitivities was used to determine the minimal inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations of two antifungal agents , amphotericin b and natamycin , both alone and in combination with four different antibiotics : rifampin , gentamicin , clindamycin , and tetracycline . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003308",
"name": "antifungal",
"pos": [
148,
158
]
} | {
"id": "C0002679",
"name": "amphotericin b",
"pos": [
168,
182
]
} |
the effect of disopyramide was compared to a pretreatment with one or several antiarrhythmic drugs ( quinidine , beta-blocking agents , verapamil , ajmalin-bitartrat , aprindine , propafenone , diphenylhydantoin ) which had been discontinued either due to ineffectiveness or the occurrence of intolerable side effects . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
78,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0034414",
"name": "quinidine",
"pos": [
101,
110
]
} |
the effect of disopyramide was compared to a pretreatment with one or several antiarrhythmic drugs ( quinidine , beta-blocking agents , verapamil , ajmalin-bitartrat , aprindine , propafenone , diphenylhydantoin ) which had been discontinued either due to ineffectiveness or the occurrence of intolerable side effects . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "antiarrhythmic",
"pos": [
78,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0033429",
"name": "propafenone",
"pos": [
180,
191
]
} |
these ten patients have been successfully treated with antidepressive drugs imipramine type , without any neuroleptic drugs ; | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressive",
"pos": [
55,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
76,
86
]
} |
these findings throw light on the mechanism of the anti-arrhythmic action of amiodarone in man . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003195",
"name": "anti-arrhythmic",
"pos": [
51,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0002598",
"name": "amiodarone",
"pos": [
77,
87
]
} |
the effects of viloxazine , a clinically effective antidepressant , on noradrenaline ( na ) and 5-hydroxytryptamine ( 5-ht ) uptake and various related pharmacological activities were determined and compared to those of the tricyclic antidepressants desimipramine , imipramine , and amitriptyline . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
51,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0020934",
"name": "imipramine",
"pos": [
266,
276
]
} |
the effects of viloxazine , a clinically effective antidepressant , on noradrenaline ( na ) and 5-hydroxytryptamine ( 5-ht ) uptake and various related pharmacological activities were determined and compared to those of the tricyclic antidepressants desimipramine , imipramine , and amitriptyline . | therapeutic_class_of | {
"id": "C0003289",
"name": "antidepressant",
"pos": [
51,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0002600",
"name": "amitriptyline",
"pos": [
283,
296
]
} |
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