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the effect of hypothalamic grf or of tumor-derived grf is highly specific for stimulating release of immunoreactive growth hormone ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
14,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
51,
54
]
} |
somatostatin-28 and somatostatin-14 inhibit the release of growth hormone produced by hypothalamic grf or tumor-derived grf in typical noncompetitive antagonism . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
86,
98
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
120,
123
]
} |
on the basis of the results reported here , hypothalamic grf and tumor-derived grf are qualitatively indistinguishable in their ability to stimulate the secretion of immunoreactive growth hormone in vitro . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
44,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "grf",
"pos": [
79,
82
]
} |
the purpose of the present paper is to determine whether antigen-stimulated b lymphocytes could produce blastogenic factor ( bf ) in the system of guinea pigs ( strain 2 ) sensitized with keyhole limpet hemocyanin ( klh ) or ovalbumin ( ova ) , known as thymus-dependent antigen , and , further , whether macrophages ( m phi ) are required for antigen activation of b cells to produce this lymphokine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
78,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
390,
400
]
} |
erythrocyte 2,3-dpg , po2 50 % and available o2 during the early post-natal fall in hemoglobin in rabbits . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
84,
94
]
} |
erythrocyte 2,3-dpg , po2 50 % , whole blood hemoglobin and available o2 , and fixed acid bohr effect were studied during the first 10 days after birth in rapidly growing suckling rabbits . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
45,
55
]
} |
surface properties of activated macrophages : sensitized lymphocytes , specific antigen and lymphokines reduce expression of antigen f4/80 and fc and mannose/fucosyl receptors , but induce ia . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
57,
68
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
92,
103
]
} |
gonadocrinins secreted by sertoli and granulosa cells stimulate gonadotrophins liberation from pituitary cells such as hypothalamic lh-rh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
119,
131
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
132,
137
]
} |
rabbit antisera against low-molecular weight polypeptides from the thymus ( thymosin and thymarin ) , brain cortex ( cortexin ) and white matter of the calf brain were cross absorbed with these polypeptides and tested in the complement fixation test with the above preparations . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymus",
"pos": [
67,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0040106",
"name": "thymosin",
"pos": [
76,
84
]
} |
these results suggest that both hypothalamic and extra-hypothalamic avp and srif are involved in the central stress response . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
32,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "srif",
"pos": [
76,
80
]
} |
to support this possibility , thyroid polysomal rna large enough to code for a peptide with a molecular weight of 660 000 has been shown to be active in thyroglobulin synthesis and to maintain its integrity under denaturing conditions . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
30,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
153,
166
]
} |
the decrease in erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and increase in ph after conventional haemodialysis may significantly increase the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen and consequently result in inadequate oxygenation of tissue . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
16,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
146,
157
]
} |
before supplementation the selenium content of serum ( 5 -- 15 ng/ml ) and whole blood ( 10 -- 27 ng/ml ) , and the activity of the erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase ( 0.19 -- 2.69 u37/g hb ) , amounted to only 10 -- 20 % of normal . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
132,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
188,
190
]
} |
wbc and rbc counts of m. fascicularis were high and hb , mcv , mch and mchc values of m. fascicularis were low in comparison with those of m. mulatta . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
8,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
52,
54
]
} |
pituitary growth hormone ( gh ) secretion is regulated by two hypothalamic factors : somatostatin , a characterized tetradecapeptide , which inhibits secretion , and gh-releasing factor , unidentified , which stimulates secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
62,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
85,
97
]
} |
pituitary growth hormone ( gh ) secretion is regulated by two hypothalamic factors : somatostatin , a characterized tetradecapeptide , which inhibits secretion , and gh-releasing factor , unidentified , which stimulates secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
62,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-releasing factor",
"pos": [
166,
185
]
} |
a wide variety of hypothalamic peptides stimulate prolactin release , but only two of these ( thyrotropin releasing hormone and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide ) can act directly on the pituitary and thus are candidates for prf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
18,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "prf",
"pos": [
226,
229
]
} |
we have studied the role of various lymph node lymphocyte populations from these animals in producing the lymphokine macrophage agglutination factor ( maggf ) and effecting antigen induced blast transformation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
47,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
106,
116
]
} |
scleroderma skin and the subcutaneous tissue was studied by indirect immunofluorescence with specific antibodies against interstitial collagens and procollagens , against fibronectin and against the basement membrane proteins type iv collagen and laminin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
199,
216
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
226,
242
]
} |
polyclonal activation of t lymphocytes by concanavalin a , in contrast to activation by alloantigens , was not inhibited by lyt-2 antibodies , suggesting that lyt-2 antibodies interfere with t cell function at the level of the t cell antigen-receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
191,
197
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell antigen-receptor",
"pos": [
227,
250
]
} |
it is concluded that na+ accumulation in islet cells due to either veratridine or removal of extracellular k+ provokes the release of ca2+ from intracellular stores but fails to reproduce the effect of glucose to reduce 45ca efflux and to stimulate insulin release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
41,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
249,
256
]
} |
the endocrine pancreas of birds contains 3 islet types and releases glucagon , insulin , somatostatin and avian pancreatic polypeptide ( app ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine pancreas",
"pos": [
4,
22
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
79,
86
]
} |
female diabetics have a red cell 2-3 dpg like male diabetics despite a significative lower hb concentration . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
24,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
91,
93
]
} |
[ effect of glibenclamide on the ultrastructure of the islands of langerhans and their insulin content ] . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
9,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
87,
94
]
} |
the incorporation of labelled glycine into circulating red cell haemo ; globin haem was calculated from the maximal specific activity of haemoglobin haem and the total amount of hb . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
55,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
178,
180
]
} |
a hypothalamic defect causing chronic gnrh deficiency is thought responsible for the poor gonadotropic response to short-term gnrh stimulation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
2,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
126,
130
]
} |
we conclude that the stroma is the primary site of conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in the human prostate owing to the prevalence in stroma of 5 alpha-reductase , and that benign prostatic hyperplasia is characterized by an increased amount of stromal 5 alpha-reductase activity . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostate",
"pos": [
114,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0039602",
"name": "5",
"pos": [
269,
270
]
} |
cytological alteration of cultured rat liver cells by 3'-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene with special reference to chromosome changes , changes of growth patterns at a colony level and alpha-fetoprotein production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
39,
44
]
} | {
"id": "C0002210",
"name": "alpha-fetoprotein",
"pos": [
186,
203
]
} |
they also suggest that in the human female hypothalamic lh-rh function may be only permissive in that the cyclicity of endocrine events during the menstrual cycle is regulated on pituitary and ovarian levels . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
43,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
56,
61
]
} |
the glucose transport asymmetry of intact human red cells has been shown to be retained in pink erythrocyte ghosts ( a preparation of membranes in which 95 % of the red cell haemoglobin has been removed ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
48,
56
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
174,
185
]
} |
as sources of the immunoreactive material the following possibilities are discussed : ( i ) perikarya producing somatostatin or lrf , situated in the wall of the third ventricle and sending fibers between the cuboidal ependymal cells , ( ii ) hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic projections of both peptidergic systems , and ( iii ) in the case of somatostatin , immunoreactive perikarya in the cortex . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
243,
255
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
347,
359
]
} |
intact rbcs maintained for 72 hr at 4c in buffer enriched with t3 or t4 showed progressive incorporation with time of iodothyronines into the hemoglobin fraction . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbcs",
"pos": [
7,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
142,
152
]
} |
effect of increased pancreatic islet norepinephrine , dopamine and serotonin concentration on insulin secretion in the golden hamster . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islet",
"pos": [
20,
36
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
94,
101
]
} |
the purpose of this study was to determine if increased concentrations of pancreatic islet norepinephrine , dopamine , or serotonin after insulin secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islet",
"pos": [
74,
90
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
138,
145
]
} |
as a rule of thumb in acute blood loss red cells are wanted if the haemoglobin falls below 10 g/dl or the haematocrit below 30 % and are urgently necessary if the haemoglobin falls below 8 g/dl and the haematocrit below 25 % . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
39,
48
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
163,
174
]
} |
in previous studies it could be demonstrated that in severe hypothalamic amenorrhea , which is associated with absent or deficient hypothalamic secretion of gn-rh , ovarian function could be restored by chronic intermittent ( pulsatile ) administration of gn-rh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
60,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gn-rh",
"pos": [
256,
261
]
} |
since experimental hyperthyroidism reduces skeletal muscle mass while simultaneously increasing cardiac muscle mass , the effect of hyperthyroidism on muscle protein degradation was compared in skeletal and cardiac muscle . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026845",
"name": "muscle",
"pos": [
52,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0026832",
"name": "muscle protein",
"pos": [
151,
165
]
} |
in substantiating a diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage , the most important laboratory findings are rbcs , free hemoglobin , or hemoglobin breakdown products in the csf . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbcs",
"pos": [
102,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
130,
140
]
} |
incubation of human erythrocyte ( rbc ) suspensions with copper ( ii ) causes the formation of methemoglobin , lipid peroxidation and hemolysis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
34,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
95,
108
]
} |
the production of pa activity by endothelial cells is regulated at various levels : ( 1 ) induction of newly synthesized t-pa or u-pa molecules ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0225336",
"name": "endothelial cells",
"pos": [
33,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0042071",
"name": "u-pa",
"pos": [
129,
133
]
} |
pretreatment of t lymphocytes with anti-cd3 or anti-tcr mab results in the disappearance of the t cell receptor complex ( tcr/cd3 ) from the cell surface . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
16,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
122,
125
]
} |
the diagnostic value of the ghrh test alone is thus still questionable in establishing the diagnosis of a hypothalamic ghrh/gh defect , because some of these patients do not react to the first ghrh dose as one might expect , but only after a few days of repeated injections of ghrh ( priming ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
106,
118
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
277,
281
]
} |
the non-neoplastic proliferation of adenohypophysial cell types may be secondary to orthotopic or ectopic oversecretion of hypothalamic regulatory peptides , such as grh , crh , trh and gnrh , disturbances of dopaminergic regulation or iatrogenic factors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
123,
135
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
186,
190
]
} |
there is reasonable evidence that the common red-cell polymorphisms involving haemoglobin , enzymes or membrane have been maintained by relative resistance to malaria . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red-cell",
"pos": [
45,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
78,
89
]
} |
in the normal mucosa , gsa-ii and pna revealed only weak affinity to the golgi region of epithelial cells , whereas uea-i showed binding to the apical surface of columnar cells and goblet cell mucins , especially in the right colon . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014597",
"name": "epithelial cells",
"pos": [
89,
105
]
} | {
"id": "C0026682",
"name": "mucins",
"pos": [
193,
199
]
} |
isolated hematuria can cause false-positive proteinuria on the basis of rbc lysis and release of hemoglobin into the urine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
72,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
97,
107
]
} |
genetic determination as well as prospective analysis of islet cell autoantibodies and autoantibodies to insulin were conducted in a population of 479 first degree relatives of 174 type 1 ( insulin-dependent ) diabetic patients . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cell",
"pos": [
57,
67
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
190,
197
]
} |
these results are discussed in light of the possibility that the ubiquitous octamer binding protein oct-1 and the b-cell-specific octamer binding protein oct-2 are involved in the activation of the u2 and beta-globin promoters , respectively . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004561",
"name": "b-cell",
"pos": [
114,
120
]
} | {
"id": "C1442823",
"name": "octamer binding protein",
"pos": [
130,
153
]
} |
survival of adenohypophyseal homologous transplants in the rat striatum associated with prolactin-like immunoreactivity in the surrounding neuropil of the striatum . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0032008",
"name": "adenohypophyseal",
"pos": [
12,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0033371",
"name": "prolactin",
"pos": [
88,
97
]
} |
blood samples from 500 patients with clinical prostatic symptoms were radioimmunoassayed with prostate-specific antigen ( psa ) and prostatic acid phosphatase ( pap ) kits . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
46,
55
]
} | {
"id": "C0138741",
"name": "psa",
"pos": [
122,
125
]
} |
studies on the magnetic-field dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate ( 1/t1 rho ) of solvent water nuclei in protein solutions and in intact and disrupted erythrocytes indicated that hemoglobin aggregation exists in the intact erythrocytes and that erythrocyte disruption decreases the extent of hemoglobin aggregation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
163,
174
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
304,
314
]
} |
the marked difference between the intra- and extracellular 31p nmr chemical shifts of various phosphoryl compounds when added to a red cell suspension may be largely understood in terms of the effects of hemoglobin on the 31p nmr chemical shifts . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
131,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
204,
214
]
} |
in cultures of bovine aortic endothelial cells ( baec ) we observed that both the pattern and distribution of tsp in the matrix changed with cell density and time in culture ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0225336",
"name": "endothelial cells",
"pos": [
29,
46
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
110,
113
]
} |
in red cells with hb a , vmax was 9.36 +/- 3.0 fu ( mean +/- sd , n = 17 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
3,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hb",
"pos": [
18,
20
]
} |
growth hormone ( gh ) pulses in vivo are associated with increased hypothalamic portal growth hormone releasing hormone ( gh-rh ) concentration and can be prevented by gh-rh antisera . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
67,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-rh",
"pos": [
168,
173
]
} |
these results , evaluated together with previous findings showing decreased hypothalamic ghrh-like immunoreactivity in both hpx rats and intact rats given gh ( 6 , 7 , 9 ) , indicate that gh exerts a negative feedback action on the synthesis and release of ghrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
76,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "ghrh",
"pos": [
257,
261
]
} |
repeated ip administration of hydroquinone ( 10 mg/kg/day ) , benzoquinone ( 2 mg/kg/day ) or benzenetriol ( 6.25 mg/kg/day ) to rats for 6 weeks produced significant decreases in rbc and bone marrow cell counts and hemoglobin content , together with relative changes in organ weights . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
180,
183
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
216,
226
]
} |
pancreatic endocrine functions in long-term survivors after pancreatoduodenectomy : special reference to reversibility of insulin and glucagon secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic endocrine",
"pos": [
0,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
122,
129
]
} |
this overview considers the most important reactions of p-substituted n-oxygenated arylamines in red cells , namely , ( i ) ferrihaemoglobin formation by n-hydroxyarylamines with concomitant co-oxidation to nitrosoarenes ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red",
"pos": [
97,
100
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "ferrihaemoglobin",
"pos": [
124,
140
]
} |
effects of vitamin d3 and related compounds on angiotensin converting enzyme activity of endothelial cells and on release of plasminogen activator from them . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0225336",
"name": "endothelial cells",
"pos": [
89,
106
]
} | {
"id": "C0032144",
"name": "plasminogen activator",
"pos": [
125,
146
]
} |
based on these observations , it is concluded that administration of e2 at 7.5 wk of age causes profound alterations in hypothalamic function including , changes in metabolism of ne and suppression of gnrh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
201,
205
]
} |
when lymphocytes are stimulated with mitogens or antigens they are enhanced via a cascade of lymphokines to produce interferon-y ( ifn-y ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
5,
16
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
93,
104
]
} |
experimental evidence suggests that thymopoietin in the circulation derives from the thymus and not from the skin , suggesting that the thymopoietin in keratinocytes has a local function , either apocrine and/or immunoregulatory . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymus",
"pos": [
85,
91
]
} | {
"id": "C0040105",
"name": "thymopoietin",
"pos": [
136,
148
]
} |
it is proposed that such a model may help to dissociate the influence of hyperglycemia itself upon islet cell behaviour from the consequences of sustained hypersecretion of insulin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cell",
"pos": [
99,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
173,
180
]
} |
killer lymphocytes acquire cytoplasmic granules upon lymphokine stimulation and these granules in turn contain potent cytotoxic mediators , some of which have been characterized recently . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
7,
18
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
53,
63
]
} |
the corticotrophic response of fragments of the gland incubated or perifused in vitro to hypothalamic extract , crf-41 , arginine vasopressin or e was reduced . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
89,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf-41",
"pos": [
112,
118
]
} |
electron microscopic examination revealed no morphologic , or distribution differences in mbh lh-rh fibers between control females and animals rendered anovulatory by the nonsurgical experimental procedures . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "mbh",
"pos": [
90,
93
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
94,
99
]
} |
these results demonstrate that estrogen , androgen , and constant light induced anovulatory sterility are not associated with any overt change in the number or morphology of lh-rh immunoreactive fibers in the mbh , suggesting that the primary lesion responsible for the failure of normal estrous cyclicity in such animals resides in the systems responsible for regulating the activity of the lh-rh neurons rather than in the lh-rh neurons themselves . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "mbh",
"pos": [
209,
212
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
425,
430
]
} |
moreover , ghrf , a hypothalamic peptide similar in size to crf , did not alter the me release of gnrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
20,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf",
"pos": [
60,
63
]
} |
moreover , ghrf , a hypothalamic peptide similar in size to crf , did not alter the me release of gnrh . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
20,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
98,
102
]
} |
thus , increased hypothalamic crf secretion associated with stress and adrenalectomy may inhibit hypothalamic gnrh release and produce the suppression of pituitary luteinizing hormone secretion which occurs under these conditions . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
17,
29
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
110,
114
]
} |
the ontogenesis of growth hormone releasing hormone ( gh-rh ) containing neurons in the rat hypothalamus has been studied by immunohistochemistry , using a specific anti-rat gh-rh serum . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
92,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-rh",
"pos": [
174,
179
]
} |
these findings showing the early appearance of gh-rh-positive terminals in the median eminence and the wide distribution of the perikarya at an early stage of postnatal life support the view that hypothalamic gh-rh serves an important role in the regulation of growth hormone secretion during late prenatal and early neonatal periods . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
196,
208
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "gh-rh",
"pos": [
209,
214
]
} |
the mitogenic effect of the hypothalamic peptides growth hormone-releasing factor ( grf ) and somatostatin on cultured growth hormone ( gh ) -producing cells ( somatotrophs ) was studied . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
28,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
94,
106
]
} |
radioiron was introduced into the intestinal lumen to evaluate absorption , injected as nonviable red cells to evaluate reticuloendothelial ( re ) processing of iron , and injected as hemoglobin to evaluate hepatocyte iron processing . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
98,
107
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
184,
194
]
} |
recent studies using cloned antigen-specific t lymphocytes and monoclonal antibodies directed at their various surface glycoprotein components have led to identification of the human t cell antigen receptor as a surface complex composed of a clonotypic 90-kda ti heterodimer and the invariant 20- and 25-kda t3 molecules . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocytes",
"pos": [
45,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell antigen receptor",
"pos": [
183,
206
]
} |
blood leucocyte count , haemoglobin concentration , haematocrit , erythrocyte count , mean erythrocyte volume , mean erythrocyte haemoglobin and serum ferritin values were significantly higher in males than in females . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
66,
77
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
129,
140
]
} |
a total of 1112 randomly selected saudi arabs , of both sexes living in jeddah and the surrounding areas , were studied for the distribution of red cell g6pd and 6pgd phenotypes by the methaemoglobin reduction test and starch-gel electrophoresis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
144,
152
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methaemoglobin",
"pos": [
185,
199
]
} |
to avoid spontaneous release of tsp from platelets after the blood was drawn , and to obtain a valid measurement of plasma tsp concentration , it was essential to place and maintain blood samples on ice immediately after blood was drawn and to separate plasma from cellular constituents within two hours . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
41,
50
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
123,
126
]
} |
supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy human donors stimulated with recall antigen ( purified protein derivative of tuberculin ) or lectin ( phytohaemagglutinin ) markedly inhibited the insulin release from isolated human and rat islets of langerhans , and decreased rat islet contents of insulin and glucagon in a dose-dependent manner . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islets of langerhans",
"pos": [
255,
275
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
314,
321
]
} |
haemodilution was represented by a drop in the erythrocyte count to about 3 million/microliter , haematocrit ( hct ) to about 30 % and haemoglobin to approx . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
47,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "haemoglobin",
"pos": [
135,
146
]
} |
there was no effect ( p less than 0.10 ) on serum progesterone concentrations , rbc , wbc , pcv , hemoglobin , and estrous cycle length . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
80,
83
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
98,
108
]
} |
poor correlation for the mchc reflects the novel methodology of the h-1 for measuring rbc size and , independently , rbc hemoglobin content . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "rbc",
"pos": [
86,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
121,
131
]
} |
from supernatants of nie-115 cells grown in tritiated leucine and lysine , proteins of approximately 8000 and 4500 da were isolated by tp affinity chromatography ( compared with 5562 da for thymic thymopoietin ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymic",
"pos": [
190,
196
]
} | {
"id": "C0040105",
"name": "thymopoietin",
"pos": [
197,
209
]
} |
when injected into mice , these neural proteins partially blocked neuromuscular transmission in a manner similar to thymic thymopoietin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymic",
"pos": [
116,
122
]
} | {
"id": "C0040105",
"name": "thymopoietin",
"pos": [
123,
135
]
} |
soluble membrane fractions derived from polyoma tumor cells trigger lymphocytes , derived from polyoma-immunized animals , but not from nonimmunized controls , to release the lymphokine , macrophage migration-inhibitory factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
68,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
175,
185
]
} |
lymphocyte growth and differentiation are controlled by signals resulting from the interaction of antigen and cellular products , such as lymphokines , with specific cell membrane receptors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
0,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
138,
149
]
} |
however , pulses of da , even in the presence of ddc , were associated with a marked dose-dependent increase in hypothalamic ne efflux , and ddc failed to prevent the subsequent stimulation of gnrh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
112,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
193,
197
]
} |
we conclude that the apparent da-induced release of gnrh is most probably attributable to da-induced release of hypothalamic ne which , in turn , acts through alpha-adrenergic receptors on peptidergic neurons to stimulate gnrh release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
112,
124
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
222,
226
]
} |
the aim of this study was to compare the structural and immunological properties of human endothelial , fibroblast and platelet thrombospondins . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
119,
127
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondins",
"pos": [
128,
143
]
} |
each isolated proteolytic fragment of thrombospondins was then detected using either a radioimmunoassay with a polyclonal antibody or an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with three monoclonal antibodies ( p10 , ma-i , ma-ii ) directed against different epitopes of whole platelet thrombospondin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
272,
280
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
281,
295
]
} |
treatment of platelet thrombospondin with thermolysin only generated four proteolytic fragments having molecular masses of 110 , 50 , 25 and 12/10 kda respectively . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
22,
36
]
} |
all these proteolytic fragments of endothelial , fibroblast and platelet thrombospondins were recognized by a polyclonal antibody . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
64,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondins",
"pos": [
73,
88
]
} |
monoclonal antibodies ma-i and p10 essentially recognized two proteolytic fragments ( 135-110 , 98-82 kda ) of endothelial and fibroblast ( 115-100 , 92-80 kda ) thrombospondins , and the 110-kda fragment of platelet thrombospondin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
208,
216
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
217,
231
]
} |
monoclonal antibody ma-ii recognized three proteolytic fragments ( 54-47 , 25-20 , 18-15 kda ) of endothelial and fibroblast ( 54-49 , 27-21 , 17-13 kda ) thrombospondins , and two fragments ( 50 , 25 kda ) of platelet thrombospondin , different from those detected by p10 an ma-i . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
210,
218
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
219,
233
]
} |
the results clearly demonstrate that , under non-denaturating conditions , endothelial and fibroblast thrombospondins are structurally different from platelet thrombospondin since two fragments of endothelial thrombospondin ( 98-82 , 18-15 kda ) , equivalent to those of fibroblast thrombospondin ( 92-80 , 17-13 kda ) , are not released from platelet thrombospondin after thermolysin treatment . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
150,
158
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
352,
366
]
} |
to investigate further the structural differences observed between platelet and the two other forms of thrombospondin , their degree of polymerization was compared . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelet",
"pos": [
67,
75
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
103,
117
]
} |
proposed alignment of helical interruptions in the two subunits of the basement membrane ( type iv ) collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement",
"pos": [
71,
79
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
91,
98
]
} |
these data are consistent with the presence of close relationships between hypothalamic , pituitary and luteal functions and strengthen the contention about the usefulness of lh-rh during luteal phase for the lifespan and maintenance of corpus luteum . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
75,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
175,
180
]
} |
the location of two basement membrane components , laminin and the 7-s domain of type iv collagen , was studied in human lymph nodes using the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
20,
37
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
81,
97
]
} |
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