DebateLabKIT/deepa2-corpus · Datasets at Hugging Face

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oppression.
C2. If a society is to be just and fair to women, then [Western] societies
that seek gender justice should modify social, political, and legal
institutions and eradicate features that contribute to women ’ s disadvantage
(hypothetical syllogism, P3, P4).
The Nature of Women ’ s Disadvantage and Oppression
P1. If men and women do not spend the same amount of time performing
domestic duties or doing unpaid labor in the home (including cooking,
cleaning, raising children, etc.), then there will be an unequal distribution
of labor in the family.
P2. In a traditional family, men and women do not spend the same amount
of time performing unpaid labor in the home – women perform most of
the domestic duties.
C1. There is an unequal distribution of unpaid labor in the traditional
family ( modus ponens , P1, P2).
P3. If there is an unequal distribution of unpaid labor in the family, then
this situation is unjust to women because the work is assigned in virtue
of individual innate characteristics, and has long - term repercussions that
make the woman vulnerable.
C2. The traditional family is unjust to women because the work is
assigned in virtue of individual innate characteristics, and has long -
Liberal Feminism 261
term repercussions that make the woman vulnerable ( modus ponens ,
P3, C1).
The Source of Women ’ s Disadvantage and Oppression
P2. (repeated): In a traditional family, men and women do not spend the
same amount of time performing domestic duties – women perform most
of the domestic duties.
P5. Women perform the majority of domestic duties because men expect
women to do most of the work in the home and are reluctant to contribute
to household labor. These expectations inform the “ gendered
structure ” of the family (causal reasoning for P2).
P6. If women spend more time working in the home than men, then they
have less time to take advantage of opportunities to advance in the
workplace than men do.
C3. Women have less time and thus fewer opportunities to advance in
the workplace ( modus ponens , P6, P2).
P7. If women have less time and thus fewer opportunities to advance in the
workplace as men, they do not have equality of opportunity in social
and political life.
C4. Women do not have equality of opportunity in social and political
life ( modus ponens , P7, C3).
P8. Women will have equality of opportunity in social and political life only
if they do not perform the majority of the unpaid labor in the home
(implied by P5 – C4).
P9. For women not to perform a majority of the unpaid labor in the home,
then men will have to be responsible for at least half of domestic duties
(by defi nition).
C5. If domestic duties are defi ned by the “ gendered structure ” of the
family, then men are not responsible for at least half of domestic duties
(substitution, P5, P9).
C6. When men are not responsible for at least half of the domestic duties
(the “ gendered structure ” of the traditional family), then women
cannot achieve equality of opportunity in social and political life
( modus ponens , P5, C5).
Achieving Gender Justice
P10. Gender roles, including norms and expectations regarding men ’ s and
women ’ s roles in the family and in society, are learned in the family.
262 Julinna C. Oxley
P11. If children are raised in traditional “ gender - structured ” families where
women lack power and independence, then the children learn that inequalities
between men and women are the norm and that they can be
expected in social life (follows from P10).
P12. Many children are now raised in traditional “ gender - structured ” families
where women are vulnerable because they lack power and
independence.
C7. Many children will learn that inequalities between men and women
are the norm, and that they can be expected in social life ( modus
ponens , P11, P12).
P13. If many children will learn that inequalities between men and women
are the norm and that they can be expected in social life, then when they
grow up and start their own families, many people will perpetuate the
idea that inequalities between men and women are the norm and that
this can be expected in social life (i.e., the cycle of inequality).
C8. When they grow up and start their own families, many people will
perpetuate the idea that inequalities between men and women are the
norm and that this can be expected in social life (i.e., the cycle of
inequality) ( modus ponens , P13, C7).
P14. A just and fair society seeks to eradicate inequality in its existing
institutions, especially ones that perpetuate inequality.
P15. If the family is a social institution, then it should be an egalitarian
structure.
P16. If the family is to be an egalitarian structure, then men and women
will share equally the paid and unpaid work, productive and reproductive
labor.
C9. If the family is a social institution, then men and women in the family
will share equally the paid and unpaid work, productive and reproductive
labor (hypothetical syllogism, P15, P16).
P17. The family is a social institution.
C10. A just society will encourage and facilitate the equal sharing by
men and women of paid and unpaid work, of productive and reproductive
labor ( modus ponens , C9, P17).
P18. If a just society encourages and facilitates the equal sharing by men
and women of paid and unpaid work, and of productive and reproductive
labor, then it will do so by eliminating traditional gender roles and
their corresponding expectations regarding work and family life.
C11. A just society will eliminate traditional gender roles and their corresponding
expectations regarding work and family life; for example,
by passing social policies that facilitate equally shared parenting,
reorganizing work life to make parenting a priority, and educating

oppression.

C2. If a society is to be just and fair to women, then [Western] societies

that seek gender justice should modify social, political, and legal

institutions and eradicate features that contribute to women ’ s disadvantage

(hypothetical syllogism, P3, P4).

The Nature of Women ’ s Disadvantage and Oppression

P1. If men and women do not spend the same amount of time performing

domestic duties or doing unpaid labor in the home (including cooking,

cleaning, raising children, etc.), then there will be an unequal distribution

of labor in the family.

P2. In a traditional family, men and women do not spend the same amount

of time performing unpaid labor in the home – women perform most of

the domestic duties.

C1. There is an unequal distribution of unpaid labor in the traditional

family ( modus ponens , P1, P2).

P3. If there is an unequal distribution of unpaid labor in the family, then

this situation is unjust to women because the work is assigned in virtue

of individual innate characteristics, and has long - term repercussions that

make the woman vulnerable.

C2. The traditional family is unjust to women because the work is

assigned in virtue of individual innate characteristics, and has long -

Liberal Feminism 261

term repercussions that make the woman vulnerable ( modus ponens ,

P3, C1).

The Source of Women ’ s Disadvantage and Oppression

P2. (repeated): In a traditional family, men and women do not spend the

same amount of time performing domestic duties – women perform most

of the domestic duties.

P5. Women perform the majority of domestic duties because men expect

women to do most of the work in the home and are reluctant to contribute

to household labor. These expectations inform the “ gendered

structure ” of the family (causal reasoning for P2).

P6. If women spend more time working in the home than men, then they

have less time to take advantage of opportunities to advance in the

workplace than men do.

C3. Women have less time and thus fewer opportunities to advance in

the workplace ( modus ponens , P6, P2).

P7. If women have less time and thus fewer opportunities to advance in the

workplace as men, they do not have equality of opportunity in social

and political life.

C4. Women do not have equality of opportunity in social and political

life ( modus ponens , P7, C3).

P8. Women will have equality of opportunity in social and political life only

if they do not perform the majority of the unpaid labor in the home

(implied by P5 – C4).

P9. For women not to perform a majority of the unpaid labor in the home,

then men will have to be responsible for at least half of domestic duties

(by defi nition).

C5. If domestic duties are defi ned by the “ gendered structure ” of the

family, then men are not responsible for at least half of domestic duties

(substitution, P5, P9).

C6. When men are not responsible for at least half of the domestic duties

(the “ gendered structure ” of the traditional family), then women

cannot achieve equality of opportunity in social and political life

( modus ponens , P5, C5).

Achieving Gender Justice

P10. Gender roles, including norms and expectations regarding men ’ s and

women ’ s roles in the family and in society, are learned in the family.

262 Julinna C. Oxley

P11. If children are raised in traditional “ gender - structured ” families where

women lack power and independence, then the children learn that inequalities

between men and women are the norm and that they can be

expected in social life (follows from P10).

P12. Many children are now raised in traditional “ gender - structured ” families

where women are vulnerable because they lack power and

independence.

C7. Many children will learn that inequalities between men and women

are the norm, and that they can be expected in social life ( modus

ponens , P11, P12).

P13. If many children will learn that inequalities between men and women

are the norm and that they can be expected in social life, then when they

grow up and start their own families, many people will perpetuate the

idea that inequalities between men and women are the norm and that

this can be expected in social life (i.e., the cycle of inequality).

C8. When they grow up and start their own families, many people will

perpetuate the idea that inequalities between men and women are the

norm and that this can be expected in social life (i.e., the cycle of

inequality) ( modus ponens , P13, C7).

P14. A just and fair society seeks to eradicate inequality in its existing

institutions, especially ones that perpetuate inequality.

P15. If the family is a social institution, then it should be an egalitarian

structure.

P16. If the family is to be an egalitarian structure, then men and women

will share equally the paid and unpaid work, productive and reproductive

labor.

C9. If the family is a social institution, then men and women in the family

will share equally the paid and unpaid work, productive and reproductive

labor (hypothetical syllogism, P15, P16).

P17. The family is a social institution.

C10. A just society will encourage and facilitate the equal sharing by

men and women of paid and unpaid work, of productive and reproductive

labor ( modus ponens , C9, P17).

P18. If a just society encourages and facilitates the equal sharing by men

and women of paid and unpaid work, and of productive and reproductive

labor, then it will do so by eliminating traditional gender roles and

their corresponding expectations regarding work and family life.

C11. A just society will eliminate traditional gender roles and their corresponding

expectations regarding work and family life; for example,

by passing social policies that facilitate equally shared parenting,

reorganizing work life to make parenting a priority, and educating