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When your sinuses (air chambers in the bone behind your cheeks, eyebrows and jaw) are inflamed or infected, it leads to sinusitis. The different sinus areas are:
Frontal sinus – on the brow area
Maxillary sinuses – inside each cheekbone
Ethmoid sinuses – behind the nose bridge and between the eyes
Sphenoid sinuses – behind the ethmoids in the upper region of the nose
When the sinuses are blocked, the mucus is not sufficiently drained thereby leading to sinusitis. Sinusitis occurs when trapped air lays pressure and causes pain in the sinus regions. Typically, sinusitis follows a cold or respiratory ailment. The increased mucus and fungal production leads to inflammation in the nasal passage. Often a structural defect in the nasal cavity or weakened immune system can be the cause for a sinus attack. Allergic rhinitis can bring on an attack of sinusitis. The symptoms and pain associated with sinusitis depend on the affected sinus. Damp weather, environmental pollutants and asthma often lead to sinus attacks. This inflammation is usually the result of a viral infection, an allergy (pollen, dust, pet dander, molds, and food), or an environmental irritant such as air pollution, perfume or cigarette smoke. Persons suffering from chronic inflammation of the nasal passages have an increased risk of suffering sinusitis. Swimming, diving, nasal polyps, smoking or alcohol consumption can lead to blocked sinuses. Air travel is yet another possible trigger.
Acute sinus infection lasts for about a fortnight whereas chronic sinus infection festers longer, for months or years. Most affected persons tend to suffer from acute sinus infection. Typical symptoms of sinus infection:
Blood tests and cultures aid in diagnosing and detecting bacterial or fungal infections. Acute sinusitis is treated with antibiotics to control the bacterial infection. Decongestants and painkillers can provide relief to those suffering from sinus infection. On the other hand, chronic sinusitis may need to be treated with steroid nasal sprays. But prolonged use of such products are not without side-effects. Allergies and infections that contribute to the sinus infection must be appropriately treated. Children suffering from chronic sinus infection are treated with removal of adenoids. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is performed on severe cases of chronic sinusitis where the natural openings of the sinuses are dilated to allow drainage of accumulated mucus.
Home remedies for treating sinus infections
1. Steam inhalation
2. Gentle warm compress on painful area
3. Use of electrostatic filters attached to heating and air conditioning equipment
4. Saline nasal spray
5. Rest with your head elevated to help drain your sinuses
6. Drink plenty of fluids and warm liquids in order to thin mucus
Orbital Cellulitis is an inflammation or infection of the eye socket or orbit. As such, the orbital septum is a fibrous membrane that separates the eyelid skin from the deeper structure of the orbit. Since the orbit has direct connection with the sinuses, infection can spread into the orbit in a patient with a sinus infection. Of the two – preseptal cellulitis and orbital cellulitis – the latter is potentially more serious. Both conditions are common in children and adults.
It is very difficult to distinguish between the two as in both the conditions; the eyelids are red and swollen. However, in preseptal cellulitis the eyes move normally and are positioned normally whereas in orbital cellulitis, there is a restriction of eye movements and the eye might appear protruding more than normal. There could be decrease in vision and pupil reaction also.
Causes for orbital cellulitis include sinusitis, trauma or foreign body, infection from blood and tooth abscess. An imaging study is done to evaluate the spread of the disease beyond the orbit, other than blood tests for infection.
Consultation is done with an ophthalmologist and ENT specialist. Treatment includes admission to the hospital for close observation and intravenous therapy with antibiotics. Immediate treatment with intravenous antibiotics is necessary to prevent optic nerve damage and spread of infection to the cavernous sinuses, meninges and brain. Penicillinase-resistant penicillin, such as nafcillin, is recommended, along with metronidazole or clindamycin to treat anaerobic infections. Surgery to drain the orbital and sinus infection may become necessary if the condition of the patient worsens. Patients are regularly monitored for any evidence for loss of vision and pressure on the optic nerve.
Orbital cellulitis can cause complications if the infection spreads to the surrounding tissue and worsens the illness. If it spreads to the brain, then brain abscess, meningitis or hydrocephalus may result. These require intensive care and emergency surgery. But orbital cellulitis responds to proper treatment and there is generally complete recovery.
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Bibliography / Reference
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Genital cytokines in HIV/human papillomavirus co-infection: A systematic review
Cervical cancer is the fourth cancer in incidence and the third in mortality among women worldwide. Women living with HIV have a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer. The immune response of the host is crucial to determine the course of the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cytokines play an important role modulating viral multiplication and concentrating the immune response in the Th1 or Th2 pattern. The aim of this study is to evaluate the available evidence on the concentration of genital cytokines and their role in HPV infection in HIV-infected women. A systematic search of the literature was performed using MEDLINE by PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, LILACS, Scopus, Science direct, and Web of Science databases on November, 2020, in which the following clusters of terms were applied: HIV infection, HPV infection, and cytokine. Initially, 728 articles were selected, but only 17 were eligible for full-text review, and among them, 9 were included in the qualitative analysis. No restriction was applied in language, publication date, or status. The most studied cytokines in the articles included in this review were interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-10 (six articles), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and IL-6 (five articles), and macrophage inflammatory protein (four articles). The main findings show that there is a reduction in the number of cells expressing IFN-γ (p = .02) and TNF-α (p = .01), in the cervices of HIV-HPV co-infected women compared with those infected only by HPV. In addition, levels of IL-6 (p = .039) and IL-10 (p = .02) are increased in the cervical secretions of HIV-positive women compared to seronegative patients. Despite these findings, there is a clear need of larger studies to understand the role of these immune factors in HPV-induced cervical neoplasia of women co-infected with HIV.
Schindler S, Magalhães TA, Freire Costa EL, Brites C
- General HIV+ population | <urn:uuid:3e1f46a3-b42b-4877-860e-31d7fa222875> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hivevidence.org/genital-cytokines-in-hiv-human-papillomavirus-co-infection-a-systematic-review/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.946744 | 497 | 1.882813 | 2 |
The Artillery Corps of the IDF commemorated 50 years to the War of Attrition on Thursday, with a memorial ceremony honoring the corps' officers and soldiers who fought in the war.
The ceremony was held in the presence of Finance Minister Avigdor Liberman, Chief Artillery Officer Brig.-Gen. Neri Horowitz and OC Ground Forces Maj.-Gen. Tamir Yadai, as well as families of Artillery Corps soldiers who gave their lives during the War of Attrition.
The War of Attrition, which started shortly after the end of the Six Day War in 1967 and concluded in 1970, was fought mainly between Israel and Egypt, which received aid from allies Jordan and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), over Israel's occupation of the Sinai Peninsula.
According to several sources, the Israeli death toll from the war stood somewhere between 600 to 1,400 soldiers and civilians.
"I did not come here tonight to praise, I came to be strengthened," Liberman said during the memorial ceremony. "I feel, and know, there are people who are fighting and ready to go to battle for the State of Israel at any given moment."
"It is our duty to guarantee those people the best conditions and supply the tools needed for that," Liberman added.
"There is a clear connection between the inspiring combativeness of Artillery Corps soldiers during the War of Attrition and the capabilities we possess today - the people," said Chief Artillery Officer Brig.-Gen. Neri Horowitz.
"The Artillery Corps is moving and looking forward, regenerating and becoming a more effective and lethal corps," Horowitz added. | <urn:uuid:2c8a48fd-f9be-4907-a3ae-50136b199fad> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/idf-artillery-corps-pays-respects-to-casualties-of-the-war-of-attrition-683496 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.979593 | 331 | 1.867188 | 2 |
Description: You are invited to take a stroll through rolling oak savanna and open prairie area on 3+ acres in the Pine Ridge subdivision in Bull Valley. Linda and Terry began restoring natives to the landscape in 1991 by adding plant diversity to their property hoping to transform it into a welcoming haven for insects, birds, animals and humans. They credit the influence of Perle Olsson and the late Margaret Marchi, Bill Wingate and Dick York for their inspiration. The savanna area has red, white, and bur oaks, shagbark hickories and over 30 species of woodland plants. Besides the savanna and prairie areas, Linda has started a couple of Permaculture guilds using native shrubs and trees to provide a regenerative food supply on the property. Guided walks will be offered at 1pm and 3:30pm.
Take a sneak peek or a four season virtual tour on the website Linda has created to showcase the plants and animals present in the yard.
Directions: From the intersection of Bull Valley and Valley Hill Rd., head north to the first street on the right, Concord Dr. Follow Concord for over a mile, turning left at each opportunity. Last house on the left 807 N. Concord. [email protected], 847-970-0899. | <urn:uuid:76bcd0a1-4a31-475a-9d5f-71a9ea2aeb33> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thewppc.org/event/walk-on-the-wild-side-the-property-of-linda-and-terry-gurgone-may-15-2022-1pm-and-330pm-2022-05-15/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.918264 | 271 | 1.671875 | 2 |
New Zealand Student Visa - Updated Requirements and Process
Study Abroad Guidance 2.56K Views#study-abroad #study-in-new-zealand
New Zealand Student Visa - Updated Requirements and Process
Studying in New Zealand is a thrilling experience and one should be aware of the student visa requirements for New Zealand with the correct process and fees.
Step by Step guide for a student visa for New Zealand:
Finding out the Eligibility: When it comes to study visa, you must be aware and establish that if you are eligible to study in the particular course you are planning to study. Eligibility can be decided up past qualifications, work experience, age, language proficiency, and funds.
Let's break down each criterion for student visa topic by topic:
- Past Qualification:
When it comes to choosing the right university and course, you should be aware of the relevancy of the course you want to apply for. What do we mean by the relevant courses? For e.g. somebody who is a commerce student and has a degree in commerce is eligible to apply for any further study in commerce like someone who has done BBA, BCOM is eligible to do courses like Graduate diploma in Applied Management, Graduate Diploma in Accounting and Finance.
- Work Experience:
New Zealand also offers to study if you have only work experience in a different field apart from your past qualification. For. E.g if you have studied Bachelors of technology in computer science and worked in digital marketing then you have both options available like either you can go for Masters of computer science or you can go for Masters of Marketing specialization in Digital Marketing. New Zealand is quite flexible when it comes to getting the right course for you. They consider both work experience and past qualification for study.
- Age No Bar:
Age is another criteria when it comes to applying for a Study visa in Zealand. Being an open country for all, New Zealand considers mature age (Upto 55 years of age) also for the study visa. You just need to justify the gap between the last qualification and the number of years gap you have till date.
- IELTS Score required for Study visa for New Zealand:
IELTS or PTE is another criteria that need to be followed. For Undergraduate studies, an overall band score of 6 is required with no bands less than 5.5 and for the Postgraduate diploma of masters, it is 6.5 bands overall with no bands less than 6. There is another option called a graduate diploma which requires 6 bands overall with no bands less than 5.5( this is the best option who wants to get the practical exposure in New Zealand immediately after graduation).
- Funds required for Studying in New Zealand:
Funding is one of the critical parts of your application. Immigration is quite particular about the funding for study visa in New Zealand. Following are the criteria for Funding in New Zealand:
- Funds should be available in either your account or in your financial guarantor's account which needs to be 6 months old with the correct source.
- Immigration New Zealand only accepts financial guarantors if they are your immediate family member like (spouse, parents, siblings, grandparents, or parents-in-law) and if you can prove your relationship to them.
- Funds Need to be genuine: If immigration is not able to verify the source and authenticity of the funds then they will not approve your visa. Funds that are hard to verify are following and not limited to: gold loans, KCC loans, chit funds, post-office held funds, volatility/mutual funds, co-operative societies, bonds, property sales, and agricultural income. Immigration may not accept these as evidence of genuine funds.
- Immigration may only accept education loans from nationalized or multinational banks, with a guarantee against fixed assets that belong to you or your financial guarantor. You should provide a loan sanction letter mentioning the security, moratorium period, interest payable, repayment and details/a copy of the security offered for the loan, and you should also provide the evidence of how you will repay the loan.
- Immigration might accept provident fund accounts by public/employee if supported by documents confirming employment such as your Income Tax Return, Form 16, salary statements, or employer reference letter. Make sure that these documents are verifiable.
- Evidence of identity to Study in New Zealand:
Any person who is sponsoring you must be able to provide valid identity proof such as Pan Card, Aadhar Card, or passport (identity page(s)).
- Statement of Purpose for Study visa in New Zealand:
When it comes to studying visa, the visa officer would like to know and determine the genuineness of your application. In order to determine how serious you are with your application to study in New Zealand, you must present them in writing and clearly state the intention of your study. Statement of Purpose plays a vital role and it helps the visa officer in determining how genuine a student you are.
Interview Question for study in New Zealand: Before making a final decision it is very likely the visa office might give you a call to verify and clear any doubt they might have. Make sure you are fully aware of all the documents which you have presented to the visa officer when making the application for the study visa.
These are the few key points to be taken into consideration when applying for a Study visa in New Zealand.
Student visa application checklist
Our Office Direction: Google Direction
You can give us a call on +91-8810435500 to check if you have the eligibility to study in New Zealand or you might have any other doubts regarding the Funds, Sponsorship or study Gap. Let us take you to your dream country and help you get the study visa for New Zealand with ease.
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Home Alone: The Risks of Leaving Seniors at Home. Lifestyle and Management for Seniors With COPD. An obstructed airflow causes breathing difficulty.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD is a long-term and progressive illness, which means symptoms grow worse over time. While there is no cure for COPD, changes to one’s lifestyle can help manage the symptoms and the condition. Top Challenges Seniors Face Living Alone at Home. Aging comes with many challenges, especially if you’re living alone at home.
Completing basic tasks like cooking and cleaning are now too difficult to perform. As a result, you may need to hire in-home health care to assist with your everyday activities. If you or a senior loved one is living alone, here are the most common challenges you may face. Loneliness This is an issue that many seniors face, especially if other family members live far and they are no longer able to drive.
How to Pay for In-Home Care Services. Paying for in-home care for a senior loved one can use up a significant part of your income.
At , we aim to make home care services more accessible to seniors and their family members. If you are struggling to pay for your senior’s elderly care in Virginia, here are a variety of payment resources you can choose from. Government help There are different government programs available that can help you pay for your senior’s home health care in Dumfries, Virginia. To find out what programs are available in your area, you can ask assistance from your local Area Agency on Aging. Medication Safety: Every Detail You Should Know. Medications are made for a very specific reason: to help aid illnesses and diseases.
Despite this, the fact still remains—medications are made up of drugs. This is why these need to be handled with extra precaution, especially when it comes to elderly care in Virginia and other areas. Seemingly harmless medication errors can already end up with serious health consequences. What Is a Healthy Lifestyle Composed Of? Health is unarguably every person’s greatest wealth.
It is something that can’t be bought nor taken back. What Are Indicators That a Senior Needs Home Care? Two of the biggest downsides of aging are health decline and limited mobility.
Unfortunately, these only make life even more difficult for aging seniors. Important Things to Consider Before Retirement. As time progresses, the age of a person also increases.
No matter how much we try to avoid the dreadful effects of aging, there is just no escape from it. How to Have a Safe Recovery at Home. Due to their frail condition, patients need to stay in an environment that’s conducive to their well-being and safety.
This is why it is ideal for them to stay at home as much as possible. After all, there’s nowhere else that beats the comfort and safety of home. Is Alzheimer’s Disease the Same with Dementia? As a person ages, his/her health deteriorates.
What Does It Take to Be an Effective Healthcare Worker? A career in health care is one of the most rewarding professions that anyone could ever have.
True enough, this is one of the most selfless jobs out there. It’s no easy task to serve and take care of patients. Basic Guidelines in Taking Care of a Dementia Patient. A huge percentage of those who are diagnosed with dementia belong to the senior population. This mainly has something to do with health deterioration. Along with their other body functions, seniors’ cognitive health also declines. Dementia patients or not, it can’t be argued that every senior need elderly care in Virginia and other local areas.
Dementia does not only affect mental health but as well as the well-being of an individual. Because of this, dementia patients tend to feel confused and moody. While the dementia patient himself/herself struggles, the challenge could be twice as difficult for the caregivers, especially for those who haven’t had professional healthcare training. How Caregivers Help Patients. At some point in our lives, most people probably have encountered caregivers. People can see caregivers taking care of patients while in hospitals, or accompanying patients in public places. Because of this, people usually associate caregivers with senior care or Pediatric Healthcare. While this association is correct, there are more to caregivers than that.
Professional caregivers are trained and duly licensed by state and federal medical bodies. Deciding Between Nursing Homes and Home Care. There will come a time in our lives when we have to decide how to take care of our elderly loved ones when we are unable to do so ourselves. The decision is inevitable, and it can stress us out.
We can decide to send our loved ones to nursing homes, or we can get the services from a provider of In-home care to care for our loved ones at home. When it comes to Elderly Care in Virginia, which of the two options is for the best? Nursing homes can be a solid choice, as most of these institutions have medical professionals as staff. Other seniors are also living in nursing homes, and a social group can develop, making them less prone to depression. Long-Term Planning for Home Care. Growing old is a natural part of life. After a lifetime of work, stress, and doing what you love, it is time to take a step back and get that well-earned rest.
But, as a provider of Elderly Care in Virginia will tell you, aging comes with a unique set of challenges. For this reason, we recommend that everyone should plan for aging, sometime before the expected retirement. If there is planning, then getting a quality provider of Home Health Care in Dumfries, Virginia, will be relatively easy.
But why is it so? People will have different financial situations by the time they retire. If retirement is still a few years away, families can consider getting insurance for other medical expenses during retirement. COPD in Seniors. Seniors face a lot of hardship everyday. They experience a decline in their physical and mental fitness that progresses as time passes. Their daily routines are affected by some conditions that afflict them. They are more susceptible to diseases and might require more medical attention, similar to Pediatric Healthcare. The Dangers of Seniors Being Alone at Home. Why In-Home Assessments Matter.
Living With Dementia: Why They Need Home Health Care. When a person experiences a decline in cognitive abilities, he or she may be having dementia. Dementia is a collective term for a disease characterized a memory loss, impaired judgment, or problem-solving issues. These concerns are challenging enough to impair the day-to-day life, independence, and overall functionality of a person affected by such disease. Why Choose In-Home Care? One of the things we love being in adulthood is vigor and independence. However, as we get older, we don’t get to experience the same kind of freedom and physical strength anymore. Old age often brings several health issues, emotional struggles, and physical limitations, which require home health care and assistance. Nevertheless, getting into old age is to be embraced and relished. | <urn:uuid:0cb2b4b2-05d3-48ab-a4b1-55cad0de07a9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.pearltrees.com/evereadyhomecare2020 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.955785 | 1,484 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Also known as degenerative joint disease or wear and tear arthritis, osteoarthritis is the most prevalent type of arthritis. The cartilage (a protein substance present in all joints, this substance serves as a cushion in between the bones) in the joints deteriorates over time thus leading to osteoarthritis. Generally women are more at risk of osteoarthritis when compared to men.
Osteoarthritis can affect any joint in the body but it largely affects the joints of the hips, feet, knees, spine and hands. The weight bearing joints get affected the most due to osteoarthritis. Usually a single joint is affected due to osteoarthritis but if osteoarthritis sets in the finger joints, it can affect more than one joint at the same time.
Causes for osteoarthritis
Protein content of the cartilage drops and water content increases with age. This will degenerate the cartilage thus causing osteoarthritis. Increased mechanical stress on the joints due to obesity can cause osteoarthritis. The knee joint, in particular, unable to take the excess weight will degenerate thus leading to osteoarthritis. People who are born with abnormally shaped joints risk osteoarthritis as their joints are put to undue stress thus causing early deterioration. Any external injury can cause degeneration of the joints thus leading to osteoarthritis. In rare cases heredity can be a cause for osteoporosis.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
Symptoms for osteoarthritis vary from person to person depending on the severity of the problem. The most commonly prevalent symptoms for osteoarthritis are:
Diagnosis of osteoarthritis
An x-ray can reveal the extent to which the joint is affected, be it bone spurs and narrowing of the joints. Arthroscopy and Arthrocentesis may be done. Fluid from the joint is drawn using a long sterile needle. This fluid is analyzed for determining the cause for the pain.
Treatment for osteoarthritis
Rest can help the joints recover to a great extent. Reducing weight can help relieve the strain on the joints thus reducing pain. Applying heat and cold packs alternately on the affected joint can relieve pain to a certain extent. Physical therapy can strengthen the muscles around the joints thus reducing the pain. Physical therapy also improves the mobility of the joint. Exercises can help relieve pain; but ensure that you are under supervision by a trained person. Support device like splints, braces, walkers, canes etc can offer extra support for the affected joint. For patients suffering from acute osteoarthritis, surgery is the final respite. Surgery is particularly helpful for patients who have not responded to any of the above mentioned treatments.
Adhesive capsulitis is a condition associated with the shoulder. It is also known as frozen shoulder. The indications for the onset of adhesive capsulitis include difficulty in performing day to day activities involving the shoulder. The articulations associated with the shoulder are complex comprising three joints and four groups of muscles which facilitate the movement of the shoulder in various directions. The range of motion of the shoulder is taken into consideration to identify the underlying cause for the onset of adhesive capsulitis. Adhesive capsulitis is also defined as the idiopathic painful restriction of the shoulder. This condition results in the global restriction of the muscles associated with glenohumeral joint. Adhesive capsulitis predominantly occurs in people belonging to the age group of 40-60. Women are prone to adhesive capsulitis than men. Adhesive capsulitis usually lasts for a period of two years and gradually subsides.
Clinical manifestations of Adhesive capsulitis
Adhesive capsulitis occurs in three stages. The first stage is called as the freezing stage where the patient experiences mild pain and discomfort with movements of the shoulder. Increased pain during sleep and muscle spasms are more predominant in this stage. The freezing stage usually occurs for a period of three to four months.
The second stage is called the adhesive or the frozen stage, in which the pain is reduced but movement of the shoulder is restricted to a greater extent leading to stiffness. The second stage is the most difficult stage which can last up to nine months and it involves the restriction of shoulder movements in many angles causing discomfort.
The third stage is the recovery stage or the thawing stage in which the movement is restored only to a certain degree but the patient continues to experience mild pain and movement restriction in certain angles of rotation.
Diagnosis of Frozen Shoulder
The predominant risk groups who are susceptible to adhesive capsulitis are patients who have underlying conditions such as diabetes, Parkinson's disease, hypothyroidism and cardiac conditions. Women are more prone to adhesive capsulitis than men. Patients who have a history associated with injuries or trauma pertaining to the shoulder may experience adhesive capsulitis.
Adhesive capsulitis diagnosis is more symptom-associated than radiological determination. X-rays and MRI do not play a significant role in identifying this condition as it is associated with muscle groups of the shoulder. The common symptoms through which the diagnosis of this condition is done is through the movements pertaining to the shoulder such as ability to reach and touch the back of the shoulder, reaching to the back pocket and also to reach behind the head. The exact cause for the occurrence of adhesive capsulitis is not known. In some cases young people experience this condition without any associated risk factors.
Treatment of Frozen Shoulder
Adhesive capsulitis can be treated upon early discovery of the condition. Patients suffering from frozen shoulder are usually treated by physical therapy for a few months followed by anti-inflammatory medication to relieve pain and restore motion. The primary objective during the physiotherapy is to strengthen the muscle groups of the shoulder to enable movement in various angles. Surgical intervention is done in case of intense pain and loss of movement.
Shoulder arthroscopy is done followed by physiotherapy to restore the motion of the shoulder. In the surgical procedure, the movement of shoulder is rectified by removing the scar tissue under anaesthesia. The range of motion associated with the shoulder is analyzed as a post-operative measure to ensure the accuracy of the procedure. Physiotherapy increases the shoulder movements by strengthening the internal muscles of the shoulder. Patients are also advised to follow few shoulder stretches and exercise patterns to prevent relapse of the respective condition.
Enter your health or medical queries in our Artificial Intelligence powered Application here. Our Natural Language Navigational engine knows that words form only the outer superficial layer. The real meaning of the words are deduced from the collection of words, their proximity to each other and the context.
Diseases, Symptoms, Tests and Treatment arranged in alphabetical order:
Bibliography / Reference
Collection of Pages - Last revised Date: August 18, 2022 | <urn:uuid:ed640bb2-3059-4eef-8cfb-ee0933afbb9e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://athena.targetwoman.com/arthroscopy | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.93247 | 1,421 | 3.578125 | 4 |
Evolutionism and religion
Proceedings of the meeting in Florence, 19-21 november 2009
2011, 320 pp.
The theory of evolution has been often used in the last decades as a weapon in the atheistic fight against religion. This is in way strange, since peaceful relations between evolutionism and religion had been quickly attained already in the nineteenth century, after a few initial but isolated polemics. Moreover, not only the “compatibility” of evolutionism and religion has been defended by many scholars on the ground of different arguments, but even theological perspectives explicitly “incorporating” evolution in a Christian worldview have been elaborated by such prominent figures as Drummond, Theilard de Chardin and Maritain. Yet a legal controversy lasted more than half a century in the courts of the USA has determined the revival of a dispute that has gradually acquired the overtones of an ideological confrontation. Therefore, an unbiased analysis of this issue appears of significant cultural importance, and two sister Academies (the International Academy of Philosophy of Science and the International Academy of Religious Sciences) have intended to propose a modest contribution to this analysis in a joint meeting devoted to the theme Evolutionism and Religion that took place in Florence in 2009. The papers published in the present book offer four different approaches to evolutionism: the scientific one, the philosophical-epistemological one, the cultural one and the religious one. Finally a concluding section deals with the controversial issue of the “Intelligent Design”. Through this separate analysis several ambiguities can be dissipated, and the correct, delimited and specific points of view from which evolution can be considered are clarified. Within each one of these approaches, concepts and principles regarding evolutionism receive distinct but legitimate meanings. Since distinction does not entail separation, however, the intellectual effort of correlating such approaches appears as an intellectual challenge of undeniable difficulty but also of great cultural importance.
Evandro Agazzi (Bergamo, 1934) is emeritus professor of the Universities of Fribourg (Switzerland) and Genoa (Italy), and professor at the Metropolitan Autonomous University (UAM) of Mexico. He is President of the International Academy of Philosophy of Science, was President (and is at present Honorary President) of the International Federation of the Philosophical Societies and of the International Institute of Philosophy. Logic, philosophy and history of science, ethics of science, metaphysics are the fields he has especially cultivated. His production includes more than 70 authored or edited volumes and more than 900 scientific papers.
Fabio Minazzi (Varese, 1955) is Full Professor of Theoretical Philosophy of the Università degli Studi dell’Insubria (Varese, Italy), Scientific Director of the Centro Internazionale Insubrico, Director of the historical review Il Protagora (founded in 1959) and member of the International Academy of Philosophy of Science. Epistemology, history of science and of philosophy, ethics of science, and history of European critical rationalism are the fields he has especially cultivated. His production includes more than 80 authored or edited volumes and more than 300 scientific papers. | <urn:uuid:943006de-6897-4f8d-8632-de33da4de5db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mimesisedizioni.it/libro/9788857506203 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.938272 | 664 | 2.578125 | 3 |
MV Ross Revenge moored on Blackwater Estuary in 2018
|Port of registry||Reykjavik|
|Identification||IMO number: 5121213|
|Status||in active service|
|Type||Fishing trawler/Radio ship|
|Length||67 m (219 ft 10 in)|
|Beam||10.3 m (33 ft 10 in)|
|Draught||6 m (19 ft 8 in)|
|Installed power||Werkspoor 10-cylinder Diesel, dual turbine 2,400 hp (1,800 kW)|
|Speed||22 knots (41 km/h; 25 mph)|
MV Ross Revenge is a radio ship, the home of Radio Caroline, as well as having supported Radio Monique and various religious broadcasters. She was constructed in Bremerhaven in 1960, and initially served as a commercial trawler as part of the Ross Group fleet, notably taking part in the Cod Wars of the 1970s. Following her decommissioning, she was purchased by Radio Caroline and outfitted as a radio ship, complete with 300-foot (91 m) antenna mast and 50 kW transmitter. Her broadcasts began on 20 August 1983; her final pirate broadcast took place in November 1990. She ran aground on the Goodwin Sands in November 1991, bringing the era of offshore pirate radio in Europe to an end. She was, however, salvaged, and is now maintained by the Caroline Support Group, a group of supporters and enthusiasts.
Freyr was built in Bremerhaven, Germany by Seebeck for the Icelandic government. She was registered in Reykjavik and carried the registration RE 1.
In August 1963 she was sold to Ross Trawlers and renamed Ross Revenge, registration GY 718 (home port Grimsby). In this capacity, the ship was involved in the Cod Wars of the 1970s.
Ross Revenge holds the world record for the biggest catch. In 1976 she landed a catch of 3,000 kits (approximately 218 tonnes) of Icelandic cod at Grimsby, subsequently sold for a world record price of £75,597.
After serving as a diving support ship from 1979 to 1981, she was taken to the Cairnryan breakers' yard in Cairnryan, Wigtownshire, Dumfries and Galloway on the west coast of Scotland, not Rosyth in the Firth of Forth on the Scottish east coast.
While moored at the Cairnryan breakers' yard, Ross Revenge was found to be suitable for use in the Radio Caroline project. As a result, Ernst Kunz from Austria a director of Seamore Company, Liechtenstein purchased Ross Revenge for £28,500. The ship was subsequently registered in Panama to Grothan Steamship Line, SA Panama. It is worth noting that both Seamore and Grothan were influenced heavily by Ronan O'Rahilly.
In April 1981, Ross Revenge was towed from the Cairnryan breakers' yard, and arrived in Solares five days later. Come Autumn, work began on converting her into a functioning radio ship. Her transmitter mast, at 300 ft (91 m) above sea level, was the tallest mast ever fitted to a ship.
Early in 1982, new investors were found for Radio Caroline. Of these, the principal investor, James Ryan, was later arrested for fraud. Chains he had placed on Ross Revenge would later be removed prior to her drydocking. On 23 September, she was registered as a pleasure craft in Panama with registry number 9625-POXT, and her callsign was HP-4344. In May 1983, Caroline Communications[who?] acquired full legal ownership of Ross Revenge, whereafter she was drydocked and given a protective coating. Insurance problems regarding the lifeboats would prevent Ross Revenge from setting sail until 4 August.
At 15:00 on 4 August 1983, MV Ross Revenge set sail under the command of Captain Martin Eve. Problems with the engines forced the ship to be towed to its anchorage. On 8 August 1983, Ross Revenge dropped anchor in the Kentish Knock. The next day, a test transmission was made on 963 kHz, some time after which Ross Revenge shifted anchorage to the Knock John Deep.
On 20 January 1984, Ross Revenge lost her anchor and drifted south onto a sand bank 2 miles (3.2 km) within British waters, and broadcasts were stopped. Broadcasts resumed two days later, at which time she had returned to her anchorage. On 3 March, a force twelve storm necessitated the dragging of the emergency anchor. A new anchor system was installed and operational two days later.
On 10 June 1987, Radio Caroline closed down for "maintenance" at 07:00; in fact, Ross Revenge sailed to a new position near South Falls Head, in anticipation of the forthcoming Territorial Sea Act that extended British territorial waters to 12 miles (19 km) (from 3 miles (4.8 km)). This was announced when broadcasts resumed at 16:54 that day.
On 20 November the same year, the ship started to list to 25° due to exceedingly rough weather. Five days later, force eight storms hit the ship; transmissions ceased abruptly at 02:51. The antenna mast had broken at its base and collapsed into the sea. Other than this, the ship sustained very little damage[dubious ] . The next day, parts were delivered for a makeshift aerial. By 27 January, a new mast had been built, but required adjustment.
From Radio Caroline's inception, small vessels originating from the English coast brought newspapers, discs, crew, and DJs to Ross Revenge. Diesel was brought in weekly from Nieuwpoort via Zeemeeuw, hired in 1984. During and following the "Eurosiege" of 1985, in which the Dutch naval minesweeper HNLMS Makkum was anchored near Ross Revenge, the skipper of Zeemeeuw deemed it too risky to continue ferrying fuel, and so Radio Monique acquired the use of Poolster, again operating from Nieuwpoort. In 1987, they changed to using the Bellatrix, operating out of Dunkirk.
On 6 November 1988 two new aerial masts were taken out to the Ross Revenge. On 4 January 1989 were taken aboard to give the ship as much stability as possible while erecting the new transmitter masts. On 12 February the front mast had been rebuilt bar one section, and the shortwave aerial had been restored. The work on the two new masts continued until May.
The Ross Revenge featured 3 transmitters, a 50 kW RCA BTA-50H, serving as the ship's main transmitter. A smaller 10 kW BTA-10H was also installed, originally intended to be a backup for the 50 kW, but was adopted to broadcast a second service from the ship as well. The ship's 5 kW transmitter had an interesting history on board the ship, installed at first as a source of spare parts, but then was converted to broadcast a third shortwave service. After the 1989 raid, both of the primary 50 and 10 kW transmitters suffered damage, with the 50 kW being dismantled and since the 10 kW been smashed to pieces, the 5 kW was put back into action with parts hidden during the raid, albeit on very low power. Power did eventually increase with more parts being sourced, and eventually being put up to 7.5 kW.
The ship's original electrical system was entirely DC based, with the ship having 4 main forms of electrical generation, two Deutz 6 cylinder generators producing 120 kW each, and a smaller MWM harbour generator, producing 35 kW. A shaft generator coming from the ships main engine was also used to produce electrical power. When the ship was converted to a broadcasting vessel, the need came for AC power generation, two 250 KVA generators were installed, with the two sets being swapped in and out of service every week. Usually radio ships had mismatched generators, or only 1 main one. Having 2 identical generators proved useful for maintenance, as parts could simply be swapped.
Plans were made prior to the mast collapse to install another 50 kW transmitter, so a new 500 KVA generator was brought aboard the ship, along with a new main electrical switchboard.
On 19 August 1989 armed representatives of the Dutch Government boarded Ross Revenge. Volans, a Dutch Water Police tugboat, contained a boarding party of about 30 armed men, including Dutch, British, French and Belgian officials. The boarding party removed studio equipment, records and tapes. The aerial array was taken down, parts of the transmitter were removed, and other components were smashed with sledgehammers.
The staff and DJs were determined to keep the station on the air despite the raid, and on 1 October the station reopened on low power, using a makeshift transmitter and new studio equipment. Broadcasts were initially on low power and the station suffered equipment failures and temporary blackouts, but over the next few months the technical hitches were ironed out and transmitter power was increased.
At the end of November 1990, Ross Revenge suffered a power failure, which resulted in the ship being unlit for several nights. Trinity House warned the station that the ship must be lit during the hours of darkness, to comply with maritime regulations. As Ross Revenge was low on fuel, and the main generators had failed due to disuse, a small petrol generator was being used to power the ship. During force nine storms on 10 December Ross Revenge suffered another power failure, the small petrol generator having been thrown around the deck, and the supplies of petrol having been washed over the side by waves. The crew called the station office, who in turn called the Dover Coast Guard. The coast guard contacted the ship, and a helicopter was sent out at 23:00. By 23:45 Ross Revenge was completely evacuated.
The next day the crew from the Trinity House vessel Patricia boarded Ross Revenge, checked the stores and general condition of the ship and then left. By dawn the Dover Coast Guard were reporting that Ross Revenge was abandoned. North Foreland Radio and other coastal stations issued hourly reports warning shipping vessels that Ross Revenge was unmanned and unlit. On 14 December a successful boarding attempt was made, and at approximately 11:00 Peter Chicago (main engineer) regained control of Ross Revenge. He was joined by Tony Collis, who had advised Chicago of rumours of foreign tugs on their way to claim Ross Revenge for salvage.
On 19 November 1991, storms built up across Europe. Consequently, very high seas with north easterly winds were experienced by the crew of Ross Revenge. By the early hours of the next morning force ten storms were battering Ross Revenge, and eventually the main anchoring system failed. Dover Coast Guard asked other sea traffic to confirm that the ship they were tracking was the Ross Revenge[dubious ]. At 03:50 Ross Revenge grounded on the Goodwin Sands. The crew contacted Dover Coast Guard and a helicopter was sent from RAF Manston, and at 04:45 the Dover tug Dextrous was on her way. At 05:35 the crew of Ross Revenge made contact with the Ramsgate lifeboat, which had also been sent by the Dover Coast Guard. At 06:58 the lifeboat became stuck on the Goodwin Sands, but her crew managed to free her. At 06:57 hours RAF Manston Sea King helicopter 166 took the crew of Ross Revenge off the ship. On 21 November, Dextrous managed to get lines on Ross Revenge and successfully pulled the radio ship off the Goodwin Sands. Ross Revenge was then towed back to the Eastern Docks at Dover.
Following the near shipwrecking, the ship has been maintained by an association of enthusiasts called the Caroline Support Group (formerly, the Ross Revenge Support Group).
In October 1993 Ross Revenge was anchored off Bradwell-On-Sea in the Blackwater Estuary in Essex, within sight of the Bradwell nuclear power station. In August 1995 Ross Revenge was towed to Clacton-on-Sea. In September the vessel was moored near Southend-on-Sea and in the middle of that month it was moored at the end of Southend Pier. On 25 September Ross Revenge was towed from Southend to the Thames Quay, West India Docks in Docklands, London by the tugs Horton and Warrior. In February 1996 the ship was towed from South quay, Docklands towards Ailsa Perth Marine's shipyard at Chatham, Kent and put into dry dock. In August 1997 MV Ross Revenge was moved to Queenbourgh, Isle of Sheppey, by the tugs Lady Morag and Lady Brenda. On 21 June 1999 the ship was towed to Southend-on-Sea Pier. The ship left Southend on 28 September under tow from the tug Horton, and was moored on the River Medway in Kent at ship berth No. 24.
On Christmas Eve 1999, MV Ross Revenge, still anchored in the River Medway, broke its moorings during high winds and ran aground on a sandbank. Two tugs were radioed by another ship moored nearby and managed to pull Ross Revenge off the bank and tow it into Sheerness harbour. The two people on board were both unhurt. Although the ship was not badly damaged, the salvage was extremely expensive. On 8 January 2000 the vessel was moved back onto the moorings at Queenborough on the Isle of Sheppey. From July 2003 Ross Revenge was moored on the River Medway at Strood/Rochester, just downstream from Rochester Bridge.
Restoration work on Ross Revenge has been ongoing. In August 2004, the vessel was used for (legitimate) Radio Caroline broadcasts on 1278 kHz, while berthed on the River Thames at Tilbury. This was funded by the UK National Lottery organisation. As is usual with Restricted Service Licence broadcasts, transmission power was restricted to one watt. Following broadcasts, she remained berthed at Tilbury, and restoration work continued on the secondary studio(Radio Monique's Former Studio), which was completely reconstructed. General restoration and refitting of the ship took place during 2004–2006, including the fitting of a new central heating boiler, improvements to the electrical system, repainting of the ship, and refurbishment of the Mess Room and Crew Quarters.
During 2013, a new transmitter mast was erected on MV Ross Revenge.
MV Ross Revenge left the River Thames at Tilbury on 31 July 2014. Her new mooring is on the Blackwater Estuary near Bradwell, Essex.
From 2015, "Radio Caroline North" has broadcast 'live' from the Ross Revenge, usually on the second or third weekend of the calendar month and on offshore music-radio anniversary dates, courtesy of Manx Radio's 1368 kHz (219 metres) AM 20 kW transmitter on the Isle of Man.
On 31 May 2017, MV Ross Revenge was included in the National Register of Historic Vessels. The entry states: "It is believed she is the last example of a distant water side trawler and the only remaining pirate radio ship in the world. She is significant as she remains as she was built, only with the addition of radio broadcasting equipment, which remains in place."
On Friday 22 December 2017, Radio Caroline launched a new 24 hours per day AM service on 648 kHz (463 metres) Medium Wave for Suffolk and North Essex with a series of special programmes broadcast from the Ross Revenge, however the transmitters are land-based, with the audio coming from the ships on-board studios. | <urn:uuid:645aeb21-d9fd-4e78-b8d7-776cc8c0e5fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://db0nus869y26v.cloudfront.net/en/MV_Ross_Revenge | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.973572 | 3,282 | 1.703125 | 2 |
|(more than 30,000 residents)|
|Regions with significant populations|
|Spanish. Minority speaks Welsh as first language.|
|Roman Catholicism, Protestantism (Methodism, Presbyterianism, Episcopalianism et al.)|
|Related ethnic groups|
Welsh Chileans are Chileans of Welsh descent whose family roots came from Wales. The Welsh did not settle in Chile. Generally, they were identified with the other British groups in Chile. About 30,000 residents of the Patagonia region have Welsh surnames. They are descendants of Welsh settlers in Y Wladfa who may have crossed the once disputed Argentina - Chile border and established farms or ranches in the late 19th century.
Notable Welsh Chileans
- George Edwards Brown (1780–1848), British doctor and businessman, founder of the family in Chile
- Agustín Edwards Ossandón (1815–1878), businessman
- Agustín Edwards Ross (1852–1897), businessman and politician, purchased the Valparaíso, Chile edition of El Mercurio newspaper in 1880
- Agustín Edwards Mac Clure (1878–1941), businessman, diplomat and politician, President of the League of Nations and founder of the Santiago edition of El Mercurio newspaper
- Raul Edwards Mac Clure (?-1927), businessman and politician
- Joaquín Edwards Bello (1887–1968), writer and journalist
- María Edwards Mac Clure (1893–1972), Righteous Among the Nations
- Agustín Edwards Budge (1899-?), businessman
- Agustín Edwards Eastman (1928), businessman
- Jorge Edwards Valdés (1931) novelist, winner of the 1999 Cervantes Prize
- Cristian Edwards del Río, businessman and kidnapping victim
- Catalina Edwards, journalist, news presenter
- Watkin William Watkins (1856, Glyntawe, Breconshire, Wales - 1890, Nueva Imperial, Chile) He was living in Llanddeusant, Carmarthenshire until 1883 when he moved to the Welsh colony in Patagonia and settled in Dolavon, Chubut. Later, in 1889 he moved to Chile and obtained some lands in Nueva Imperial where he died. He left a wife (Elionor Jones) and two small children (Robert and Griffith).
- Robert Watkins Jones (1885, Trelew, Argentine - 1962, Parral, Chile) He is the eldest son of Watkin Watkins and Elionor Jones. He worked in Sewell, Rancangua since 1914. He left three children from his marriage with Rosa Urrutia (Megan, Robert and Ellen)
- Robert Watkins Urrutia (1913, Victoria, British Colony, Chile - 1979, Santiago, Chile).
- Megan Watkins Urrutia (1912, Victoria, British Colony, Chile - 1988, Santiago, Chile), School Teacher.
- Florencia Barrientos Watkins (1947, Castro, Chile), University professor.
- Eugenio Chinchon Barrientos (1973, Calama, Chile), Electrical Engineer (Universidad de Chile) and MBA (Smurfit School of Business). He currently lives in Santiago, Chile.
- Ciro Calderon Watkins (1971, Santiago, Chile), Environmental Engineer (Universidad Catolica de Temuco). He currently lives in Temuco, Chile.
Map of 'Nueva Imperial', Chile, Drawn 1893 - Showing Land Plots Occupied by English (Welsh) Colony. Plots are located within the arc of the Chol-Chol river. Map Coordinates of plot 2: -38.710847,-72.949197
Plot 1 80 hectares Tomas Mathies with his sons Tomas & William Plot 2 20 ha Hugo Davies (Davis) Plot 3 74 ha Enrique Hainge and his sons Arturs & Heriberto Plot 4 40 ha Watkins (Elionor Jones) widow of W W (Watkin Watkins) Plot 5 60 ha Enrique Rowlands with his son John Plot 6 80 ha Evan Ollivier with his son William & David Plot 7 60 ha W William with his son Edwin Plot 8 20 ha Hijuela fiscal (Recently fiscal?) Plot 9 40 ha Tomas Davies Plot 10 40 ha Paul Evan Plot 11 80 ha John Davies with his sons Luis & Benjamin Plot 12 20 ha Jones Cristmans Plot 13 38 ha Tomas Morris Plot 14 38 ha Edwards Richards Plot 15 40 ha Chandler Plot 16 40 ha Roberts Beech Plot 17 40 ha Federico Yung Plot 18 40 ha Harris James Plot 19 20 ha Rigby Plot 20 20 ha Hewitt Plot 21 30 ha fiscal t. Plot 22 32 ha fiscal Plot 219a 80 ha Peter Pilkington with his sons Kaerhi and William Plot 204 50 ha Neculques Reserva indígena abandonada –
Map signed by Christian Sommermeier.
Copy of map held by The National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth, SY23 3BU. Ref: PE 3327 Box 1001. (Ceris Gruffudd) Original given by the Rowlands family and believed to be in the Melbourne Museum, Australia.
Hugo Davis of plot 2 married Widow Elionor Watkins nee Jones of Plot 4, and subsequently had 4 sons and 2 daughters. Family moved to Sewell, Rancagua to work in Copper Mines and Hugo Davis became an English Lecturer in Santiago. His book ‘Metodo Davis’, for learning English from Spanish, is in Bangor University Archives. His Welsh music and poetry are in The National Library of Wales Aberystwyth. | <urn:uuid:8ab1d354-0b2e-43ad-9eaf-aeded7ddde46> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://infogalactic.com/info/Welsh_Chilean | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.874105 | 1,226 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Assessing Diabetes and Factors Associated with Foregoing Medical Care among Persons with Diabetes: Disparities Facing American Indian/Alaska Native, Black, Hispanic, Low Income, and Southern Adults in the U.S. (2011-2015).
- Additional Document Info
- View All
Objective: Identify individual- and place-based factors associated with diagnosed diabetes and forgone medical care among those diagnosed with diabetes. Background: Diabetes affects millions of individuals globally. In the U.S. alone the prevalence rate of diagnosed diabetes has more than doubled over the past 20 years (4.2% in 1994 to 10% in 2014). Methods: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (2011-2015) was used to identify factors associated with self-reported diabetes diagnoses (ever diagnosed) among U.S. adults. Logistic regression modeled: (1) the likelihood of having diabetes; (2) the likelihood of forgone medical care among those with diabetes, given appropriate medical care has been linked to preventing complications associated with diabetes. Results: Rates of diabetes remained relatively stable from 2011 to 2015. The likelihood of diabetes was higher (p < 0.01) among racial and ethnic minority groups, men, those with lower incomes and those with lower education. Place-based disparities indicating a higher likelihood of having a diagnosis of diabetes were found for those living in rural areas (urban versus rural, unadjusted OR = 0.844-0.908; p < 0.01) and those living in the South (North, Midwest, and Western/Pacific regions versus the South, unadjusted OR = 0.794-0.889; p < 0.01). Similar results were found with forgone medical care among those diagnosed with diabetes being more likely in the South (North, Midwest, and Western/Pacific regions versus the South, unadjusted OR = 0.542-0.819). In fully-adjusted analyses, the prevalence of diabetes and forgone medical care among those diagnosed with diabetes was higher for those with lower incomes, from several racial/ethnic minority groups, and in the South versus most other regions. Conclusions: Identifying at-risk groups informs targets for prevention and assists efforts to address chronic disease self-management among those already diagnosed with diabetes.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
author list (cited authors)
Towne, S. D., Bolin, J., Ferdinand, A., Nicklett, E. J., Smith, M. L., & Ory, M. G.
complete list of authors
Towne, Samuel D||Bolin, Jane||Ferdinand, Alva||Nicklett, Emily Joy||Smith, Matthew Lee||Ory, Marcia G | <urn:uuid:f1ab47f6-6e18-4503-b55a-96e2e3161c4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://vivo.library.tamu.edu/vivo/display/n220113SE | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.901945 | 616 | 2.5625 | 3 |
What are Aptamers?
Often described as synthetic antibodies, aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules that fold into secondary structures which can bind to target molecules with high affinity and specificity. In 1990, the first aptamer was developed against T4 DNA Polymerase using RNA1
. Since then, both aptamer selection methods and subsequent applications have expanded significantly. Aptamers can now be developed using both RNA and DNA, as well as non-natural bases, backbones, and small molecules. Applications include: detection molecules in ELISA-like assays, protein-specific tissue staining, targeted drug delivery, and an FDA-approved treatment for macular degeneration2,3
Aptamers vs. Antibodies: The Aptamer Advantage
With their robust binding affinities and high specificity for small biomolecules, aptamers have generated great interest as an alternative to antibodies. A comparison between the properties of aptamers and antibodies is summarized below.
||Higher specificity than antibodies
||Higher affinity than aptamers
|Stability & Storage
||Long shelf life at room temperature
||Long shelf life when frozen
|Remains stable after multiple freeze thaws
||Degrades after multiple freeze thaws
|Can be designed to resist enzymes
||Cannot be designed to resist enzymes
|Can be “stored” digitally and re-synthesized at low cost
||Hybridoma storage and maintenance required
|Development & Scalability
||3-5 months (selection & sequencing)
||6-9 months (immunization & hybridoma development)
|No animals required
|<1 week to replenish
||3-4 weeks to replenish
|Very low batch-to-batch variability
||Low to moderate batch-to-batch variability
||Any target may be used
||Target limited to immunogenic, non-toxic molecules
|Poor immunogens or small molecules: no conjugation required to enhance selection
||Poor immunogens or small molecules: carrier protein required to enhance immunogenicity
|Quantity needed for selection: 100 µg protein / 1 mg small molecule
||Quantity needed for immunization: 5 mg protein / 5 mg conjugated peptide
||Easily conjugated to proteins, peptides, drugs, and other small molecules
||Easily conjugated to proteins, peptides, drugs, and other small molecules
|Can be modified with fluorescent dyes
||Can be modified with fluorescent dyes
|Biotinylation ~$100 / mg
||Biotinylation ~$1000 / mg
||Individual aptamer selection: starts at $5,500
||Monoclonal antibody: starts at $4000
|“Polyclonal” enriched aptamer pool: $1000
||Polyclonal antibody: starts at $1200
Aptamers are developed using a process known as SELEX
volution of L
igands by Ex
ponential Enrichment). During SELEX, trillions of random DNA oligos are mixed with the target molecule, and sequences that bind to the target are then collected and amplified. After multiple rounds of selection, the DNA is sequenced and individual sequences are then evaluated for binding. Using SELEX, aptamers can be developed with affinity for a variety of targets, including proteins, peptides, and small molecules.
In general, SELEX is accomplished in 3 phases.
- Selection: DNA sequences that bind to the target are partitioned from sequences that do not. Binding sequences are amplified via PCR and brought forward for additional rounds of SELEX (generally 5-10).
- Sequencing: RayBiotech uses NGS and data analysis to determine which aptamers to evaluate as opposed to randomly selecting individual clones.
- Candidate Evaluation: Aptamers are evaluated for binding and the best aptamer is supplied to the customer
RayBiotech’s custom aptamer service incorporates state-of-the-art techniques into our SELEX process to generate high quality aptamers. Because the selection technique can bias the developing aptamer pool, we will tailor the selection strategy to best suit each customer’s needs. Often this includes using multiple selection techniques within a single project to generate the best aptamers. For example, in many of our selections we will begin with Capillary Electrophoresis SELEX (CE-SELEX
) to identify aptamers that bind to all the surfaces of a protein target, enriching the pool of potential binders. This pool of aptamers is then used in a subsequent type of SELEX that more closely resembles the end use assay but does not have as much ability to separate binding from non-binding sequences. Because the pool has already been enriched for binders, we can focus on finding which of those binders work best in your assay.
While we can use a wide variety of techniques and variations of selection, they can be categorized into three general types. These techniques are not a comprehensive list of the types of SELEX that have been developed or in use at RayBiotech, and only represent some of the techniques we commonly use:
- Traditional Selection: A traditional selection technique requires the target of interest to be bound to a solid support. This support can be beads, the walls of a microtiter plate, or gel-like resins. The aptamers then bind to the immobilized target and non-binders are removed. The remaining bound aptamers are collected and carried through to the next round. This type of selection is best suited to larger targets such as peptides and proteins, although other targets can be selected for as well. The benefit of this selection technique is that it offers good separation between binding and non-binding DNA sequences, but at the cost of potentially identifying aptamers against the linker or the support that the target is bound to. Additionally, with smaller targets, this technique may limit the number of surfaces available for aptamer binding.
- Reverse Selection: This is similar to traditional selection except that the aptamer library is bound to the solid support, which is then challenged with the target of interest. Depending on the selection strategy, the bound aptamers can be collected by secondary capture of the target or by releasing the bound aptamers from their solid support. A benefit of reverse selection is that the target of interest is not bound or modified in any way, allowing the aptamer to recognize the target in its native form, making this type of selection ideal for smaller molecules. However, efficiency of separation between binding and non-binding DNA sequences is generally lower than other types of selection, resulting in longer selection times.
- CE Selection: The traditional method requires the target to be bound to a solid support, which potentially alters the target the aptamer is selected against. However, at RayBiotech we use CE to separate binding sequences, permitting the DNA to interact with the free protein in solution. This allows the two molecules to recapitulate natural interactions in serum or other fluids. Additionally, the separation efficiency of CE selection is very high which means fewer rounds of selection are required to enrich the aptamer pool. While traditional SELEX can require 10 rounds of selection or more, CE can effectively identify aptamers in as few as 3 rounds, which helps to reduce the effects of PCR bias on the selection4,5. The use of CE also allows us to monitor the development of the aptamer library throughout the selection process.
In addition to a variety of selection techniques, RayBiotech uses Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) instead of plasmid cloning techniques to identify individual aptamers. We utilize the data gained in NGS to analyze the entire aptamer pool and identify common aptamer sequences, motifs, and other patterns in the library. Using this information allows us to use data analytics to identify better aptamer candidates than those identified by randomly selected clones, increasing the likelihood of success.
After candidate sequences are identified, they are synthesized and assessed for their ability to bind the target of interest. The techniques used may vary based on the target and the final application of the aptamer. As with antibodies, the application can impact the aptamer’s performance and thus multiple techniques maybe used to determine the functionality of the final aptamer.
- Tuerk, Craig, and Larry Gold. “Systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment: RNA ligands to bacteriophage T4 DNA polymerase.” Science 249.4968 (1990): 505-510.
- Vinores, Stanley A. “Pegaptanib in the treatment of wet, age-related macular degeneration.” International journal of nanomedicine 1.3 (2006): 263.
- Bauer, Michelle, et al. “The Application of aptamers for immunohistochemistry.” Nucleic acid therapeutics 26.3 (2016): 120-126.
- Stuart, Christopher H., et al. “Selection of a Novel Aptamer Against Vitronectin Using Capillary Electrophoresis and Next Generation Sequencing.” Molecular Therapy—Nucleic Acids 5.11 (2016): e386.
- Mosing, Renee K., and Michael T. Bowser. “Isolating aptamers using capillary electrophoresis–SELEX (CE–SELEX).” Nucleic Acid and Peptide Aptamers: Methods and Protocols (2009): 33-43. | <urn:uuid:8cf5e963-1902-4d21-a07b-cb0656c83599> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.raybiotech.com/learning-center/aptamers-applications-and-strategies-for-development/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.896116 | 2,080 | 3.6875 | 4 |
As it happens every time I travel to the southeast corner of Turkey, this time too I had the feeling that I wasn’t only in another land but in another planet. The heaviest snowfall of last 20 years had covered the entire region with purest white, filling one with incredibly enchanting and mystical sensations.
This is what happens every time I travel to Hakkari. Hakkari is the only Turkish province that has common borders both with Iran and Iraq. It wouldn’t be out of place to call this province, “the hotbed of Kurdish insurgency.” The first bullet of the PKK’s armed struggle that began in 1984 was fired in this province’s town of Semdinli that abuts both Iran and Iraq. Even today, the province the most troubled corner of Turkey.
What makes Hakkari so special, more than its geopolitics and historical background, is its topography. Some 88% of its area comprises mountains. Flat plains are but 2%. The remaining 10% consists of high plateaus. When you say mountains, we are speaking of those above 3,000 meters, some even 4,000 meters.
The nearest airport to Hakkari is 200 km away at Van. It takes about four hours of driving to get to Hakkari. The topography of Van and its environs are similar to that of Hakkari. Your first sensation that you are in the different land and even in a different planet overcomes you after about an hour and a half of driving from Van, once you drive through the Guzeldere Pass at 2,740-meter altitude.
The other day when passing through Guzeldere [which means Beautiful Creek] I realized that there was no creek to see and that the name was affixed to as a matter of routine without any creativity whatever it as it was done with many Kurdish location names. I said to my Kurdish friends from Hakkari who were with me that Guzeldere Pass must have had a Kurdish name. It did. It was called Gedika Chux. Chux was the name of a village a bit below the pass. Nobody in the region ever calls it the Guzeldere Pass.
Anyone who lives in Hakkari city calls it Colemerg. The most populated town of the province and perhaps the zenith of Kurdish militancy in Turkey we call Yuksekova, but the Kurds call it Gever. For them Cukurca and Semdinli, the two towns known for frequent attacks on border outposts, are known as Cele and Semdinan, respectively.
After you drive through the pass, the horizon is a series of mountains lined up like a wall. Beyond them is Iran. Once you take the Iran border to your left and drive toward Hakkari city, you are engulfed by one of the most spectacular sceneries of the world. The Zap River that enters Iraq at Cukurca and links up with River Tigris near Mosul meanders through wadis and canyons overlooked by majestic mountains.
The region’s distinctive ethnic and geographical identity that sets it apart from other regions of Turkey continues unchanged in Iran in the East and Iraq in the South. That is the heartland of the region called Kurdistan. Hakkari’s topography is similar to Iran and Iraq. Their common feature is being the land of Kurdistan. On these lands live the Kurds with their tribal ties and kinships.
The people of the region have never acknowledged the borders imposed on them. You can’t have natural borders on such high mountains. There are also no ethnic boundaries. Borders are easily traversed by the Kurds who don’t use passports. Kurdish armed movements in all three countries have routinely used the land of each other as hinterland of their area of operations.
Those who live inside the borders of Turkey refer to neighboring countries without using their official designations. For them Iran is Rojhilat and Iraq is Bashur, that is East and South respectively in Kurdish language, just as they are now referring to Kurdish areas adjacent to Turkish border in Syria as Rojava, that is, the West.
These identifications are based on their perception of Kurdistan. With feel they live in Kurdistan. For them the part of their geographical and ethnic entity that on paper remains in Iran is the East, those parts in Iraq is the South and the parts in Syria is the West, hence the labels East Kurdistan, South Kurdistan et al. Bakur, that is North, is where they live, hence North Kurdistan.
We reached he city of Hakkari, that is Colemerg, talking about all these with Kurdish academics of the Hakkari University.
The introductory paragraph of the article was especially stunning: “If you follow the Turkish media, and especially focus on news related to Turkey’s southeastern neighbors, you will notice an interesting nuance: The autonomous Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) of is almost never referred to with its official name. Most Turks rather simply call it ‘Northern Iraq’ with clear intention to avoid the K word. Others who try to be more realistic speak of ‘the Kurdish Regional Government.’ They, in other words, prefer the word ‘Kurdish’ to ‘Kurdistan,’ because the latter is quite toxic for most Turkish ears.”
Allergy of Turks to the word “Kurdistan” is at times unnerving and at times amusing. While I was reading these lines I remembered an incident with an Iraqi young girl who entered Turkey from the border of Kurdistan in Iraq. In 1991 after Saddam Hussein lost his sovereignty beyond the 36th parallel, marking the actual emergence of a Kurdistan region, many babies were named Kurdistan and that was how they were recorded in population registers. This young girl, almost a teenager when the Americans invaded in 2003, entered Turkey through the Habur border crossing in the southeast. The official studying her passport gave her a long look and asked: “What is your name?” After hesitating a bit, she answered: “Northern Iraq.”
Akyol’s points were on the mark, provided if you read this part of it from the end: “The reason for this widespread Turkish sensitivity is not hard to see: The geographic area that historically has been called ‘Kurdistan’ is divided since World War I between four countries: Iran, Iraq, Syria and Turkey, the last of them having the largest share. Moreover, groups among Turkey’s Kurds have launched almost two dozen rebellions against Ankara in the past 90 years. This had led successive Turkish governments –and especially the bureaucratic establishment, which was politely called ‘the regime’ – to try to ‘Turkify’ the region.”
What I mean by reading from the end is this: “Because successive Turkish governments — and especially the bureaucratic establishment, which was politely called ‘the regime,’ tried to ‘Turkify’ the region, that led groups among Turkey’s Kurds to launch almost two dozen rebellions against Ankara in the past 90 years.”
And I can add the following “As long as the identity of Turkey’s Kurds are denied including the avoidance of the K word, Kurds will never feel reconciled.” Because the Turkish allergy to the word Kurdistan brings with it the fear of division of Turkey. For Kurds, this means rejections of their quest and demands for equality.
The problem with the word ‘’Kurdistan’’ is not solvable by citing claims that the borders are not precisely defined, therefore it has the potential of causing problems in the Turkish administrative structure. While there is Kurdistan in Iraq, a province with that name in Iran was allowed to keep it both under monarchy and then the Islamic Republic, there is now the possibility of another one emerging in Syria, to think that there has never been an area called Kurdistan in Turkey only attributes sacrosanctity to the superficial, illogical and abnormal borders drawn after World War I to define Turkey’s southern frontier.
This can no more be possible in the second decade of the 21st century.
Akyol’s remark that “if there is a Kurdistan in Turkey, it is the whole country and its capital is Istanbul” sounds pleasing to the ears. His intention with that description is subtly pleasant but not in full harmony with historical and physical facts and the direction developments are heading toward nowadays. Akyol’s words, “Kurds should be made more at home in every inch of Turkey,” are entirely justified.
But this will be impossible, if the name of their homeland is denied or considered as dangerous for the unity of the people and country or as ‘sinful’.
The proper response to the question “Is there a Turkish Kurdistan?” that will also satisfy the concerned parties could well be: ”Part of Turkish territory is Kurdistan.”
Cengiz Çandar is a contributing writer for Al-Monitor's Turkey Pulse. A journalist since 1976, he is the author of seven books in the Turkish language, mainly on Middle East issues, including the best-seller Mesopotamia Express: A Journey in History. He contributed to two Century Foundation publications: Turkey's Transformation and American Policy and Allies in Need: Turkey and the U.S. He is currently senior columnist of Radikal in Istanbul. Çandar was a special foreign policy advisor to Turkish President Turgut Özal from 1991 to 1993. | <urn:uuid:d82667c0-de9f-4f84-9e82-aeaf3a69bbf0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2013/02/turkey-kurdistan-pkk-hakkari.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.967424 | 1,995 | 1.765625 | 2 |
Understanding color acronyms to facilitate the custom product design process. If you’re considering bringing your business into the skyline with a custom business canopy, you are someone who is not looking for a temporary fix, something that will blow away or easily break — and you are definitely not interested in bland. You are the business owner we live to serve.
You are the one who cares about putting only the best out there and who is not afraid to be bold, stand out and for goodness’ sake, if you are going to figuratively stand on the shoulders of lesser men, have something worthwhile to look at when you get to the top. You’re a trailblazer, a pioneer and you are the one the competition looks to wondering how you always get it SO right.
But you may not be a web design guru or a graphic artist. And that is okay. When you partner with SkyLine Canopies, we have a team that makes sure every step is right when designing your custom business canopy and representing your brand on our products. Still, it may help to understand color acronyms to more easily navigate the custom product design process.
Pantone Matching System (PMS)
Remember the Dewey Decimal System in the library? Yeah, I’m showing my age... but if you are familiar, the Pantone Matching System is in line with that. PMS is a color matching system. Think thousands of colored swatches, each assigned a number. Most corporate logos have colors identified within this system. This system usually works best with one to two colors making up the image.
Cyan Magenta Yellow Key (CMYK)
If you want to use a photographic image with a great variety of colors involved on your custom business canopy, the process would be far too tedious to enlist Pantone matching. This is when CMYK comes in to play. This is also referred to as a four-color process, and each variance in color is procured through percentages of the four primary colors used in CMYK, which the human eye blends to visually see the desired color.
PMS vs CMYK vs RGB Color Acronyms
PMS and CMYK are used for printing processes. RGB is a color system used for digital display only and is irrelevant to any printing jobs you may need. However, if you need to convey a color that is only identified on a webpage, for instance, you will need to translate it correctly to the printer. So an RGB color defined as r140/g198/b63, would translate as 50% Cyan/ 0% Magenta/ 100% Yellow/ 0% Black and a PMS of 376 green.
We've already covered why your logo should be a Vector file. But rest easy, SkyLine Canopies will be with you throughout the custom product design process to ensure you are satisfied with your custom business canopies, tents, flags and other promotional materials that display your brand and represent your company.
Custom Business Canopy | <urn:uuid:8c710aa8-1010-46ea-8361-5196f694eb34> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.allincanopies.com/understanding-color-acronyms-pms-cmyk-rbg/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.929153 | 623 | 1.742188 | 2 |
Last Friday, December 8th, was the day of Immaculate Conception (Holy Day of Obligation). And this Tuesday, December 12th, will be the feast day of Our Lady of Guadalupe. I wanted to give some background information on these origins and days, as well as some artworks that are associated with these beliefs.
December 8th is the feast day of Immaculate Conception. This day celebrates the Christian belief that Mary was born free from all original sin. It is also a day to appreciate the holiness of Mary, and how she helped bring Christ to the world.
Murillo, Immaculate Conception of Soult, 1678.
This artwork was created by a Spanish Baroque painter, Bartolome Esteban Murillo. This piece shows Mary floating on clouds, being surrounded by angels. Compared to his usually refined artwork, this work contains some hazy qualities (especially towards the back). Mary is wearing her usual clothes (white and blue), and there is a halo on her head. The angels look upon Mary in two ways: some of them look at her like she’s a relic or very holy figure, and others act playfully around her/look at her as though she is their mother.
December 12th is the feast day of Our Lady of Guadalupe. On December 9th, 1531 (ten years after the Spanish conquest of Mexico), Juan Diego was on his way to a catechetical instruction when Mary appeared to him (Marian apparition) on the Tepeyac Hill. She told him that she wanted a shrine for her to be built in that location. When Diego told Bishop Zumarraga, the Bishop refused to believe this and he wanted a sign. Three days later, Diego saw Mary again and she told him to take roses into a woven cloak and show it to the Bishop. When the Bishop saw this cloak, he saw the picture of Our Lady of Guadalupe. The shrine was built in 1709, and it is valued by people all over the world.
These are some amazing artworks I found based on Our Lady of Guadalupe:
If anyone is interested, here is more information about Our Lady of Guadalupe! | <urn:uuid:789bc78f-4047-4e13-ba3d-9b7c86ca3460> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://wherecreativityworks.com/in-honor-of-mary/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.982089 | 471 | 2.84375 | 3 |
Countries such as Switzerland, the United Kingdom and, most recently, Australia are asking for extra safeguards to be implemented to ensure those under the age of 18 will not be able to access online content deemed unsuitable for their age.
Google Australia announced in March that it may require users to produce additional proof of age before being allowed to view mature content on YouTube or download certain apps or games from the Google Play store.
If the system is unable to establish that the viewer is over the age of 18, he or she may be asked to provide a valid ID or credit card to verify age.
The company said that the Australian Online Safety (Restricted Access Systems) Declaration requires this extra step.
The Cyber Security Awareness Baseline Study Among Students and Parents 2021/2022 found that a majority of primary school children spent between one and four hours online per day, compared to only twice or three times a week back in 2016.
This makes age verification a concern among parents, as they may not be able to monitor what their children are exposed to online.
Conversations around online safety have become an indispensable topic for Malaysian parents.
To make it a more pleasant experience for the user, the technology employed must be fast, ideally able to verify a person in just 30 seconds, he says.
Today’s technology will be able to detect if someone tries to fool the system by taking a picture of another person’s photograph.
The industry utilises a technology called liveness to detect if a live person is in front of the camera, and that it has been industry tested to detect spoofing techniques such as employing 2D masks and even deepfake videos.
Users may also be concerned about how their personal information is being handled, he adds.
“Information related to our identity is a treasure trove of data waiting to be exploited.
“If users have to upload their personal info to every site, then the risk of data leakage is multiplied. If a site is breached, the data may be stolen and end up on the dark web.
“There is a difficult balance to maintain between the need to control consumption of content and the method being used to verify identity,”.
For an age or identity verification system to succeed, an environment of trust must first be established. Through some control and regulation, users can get the assurance they need.
In the Digital Identity 2022 study by Jumio, covering 8,000 participants across the UK, US, Mexico and Singapore, 80% of consumers said they would engage with an organisation that has robust identity verification measures in place.
The study also revealed that 83% of users felt it was crucial for social media platforms to verify identities so that users could be held accountable for online hate speech or comments. This shows that users have come to expect online services to have some form of identity verification before allowing users to access their services.
“Success in the digital banking space is an example of how identity verification measures can be implemented.
“The method that is being used to on-board users can be extended to other platforms that want to introduce age-restricted access,”. | <urn:uuid:3326d184-94ed-4625-bb19-76450b5ed6ca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.malaysiatrend.com/identity-verification-an-age-old-problem/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.94884 | 644 | 2.515625 | 3 |
|Video Assisted Thoracic Surgery (VATS) is a technique a surgeon may use to gain access into the chest cavity or "thorax".|
Why use VATS?
Today, a surgical technique known as video assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is enabling surgeons to perform many common thoracic procedures in a minimally invasive manner. Depending on the type of procedure, most patients have a shorter hospital stay than if they had traditional "open" thoracic surgery. The post-operative recovery time may also be greatly reduced.
What is VATS?
Because it can offer patients significant advantages over open surgery, many surgeons believe that VATS will one day be used in the majority of all thoracic procedures. At the present time, not all procedures can be done with VATS and not all patients are candidates for VATS. Only a thorough medical evaluation by your physician can determine if video assisted thoracic surgery is appropriate for you.
Because surgeons operate through 2 to 4 tiny openings instead of a long incision, many VATS patients experience less pain, less scarring, a shorter hospital stay and, in many cases, a quicker return to work and other normal activities than patients who undergo open surgery. In addition, because it is not necessary to spread or cut the ribs, patients avoid some of the "bone pain" associated with the open approach.
Minimally invasive surgical techniques have been used for nearly 3 decades, and today, more than 90% of all gallbladder surgery is performed using these techniques. Most recently, surgeons have applied minimally invasive techniques to a broad range of procedures including hernia repair, appendectomy, hysterectomy, heartburn surgery and bowel surgery.
After your VATS surgery, it is important to follow your doctor's instructions. If you are like most people who undergo a minimally invasive procedure, you will probably feel better in just a few days. However, it is important to remember that although you may feel great, your internal organs still need time to heal. | <urn:uuid:7aef987b-3b2d-43f7-8a87-3ed3688abd99> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lhsc.on.ca/thoracic-surgery/video-assisted-thoracic-surgery-vats | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.945536 | 428 | 2.140625 | 2 |
Should Florida or Army Corps decide when to discharge Lake Okeechobee water to Indian River Lagoon? | Interactive
Tyler Treadway, (@TCPalmtreadway)
It’s not a simple question of federal vs. state authority. But when it comes to issues involving Lake Okeechobee, the St. Lucie River estuary and Indian River Lagoon, nothing is ever simple.
During his June 20 visit to Stuart, U.S. Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., promised to finish a bill he said he started drafting last year to give the state, not the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the authority to decide if and when to discharge lake water into the estuary. State Sen. Joe Negron, R-Stuart, has been calling for the state to take the decision-making process from the corps since last summer.
The discharges can wreak environmental havoc on the estuary. Last summer, for example, 136.1 billion gallons of lake water wiped out oyster and sea grass beds. Toxic algae blooms spurred by nitrogen and phosphorus in the water made the estuary dangerous for people to touch — as if anyone would want to touch the chocolate-brown stuff. | <urn:uuid:4394c4e6-79d0-47bc-afef-7509bf5436c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.naplesnews.com/story/news/blogs/political-fix-florida/2014/07/06/should-florida-or-army-corps-decide-when-to-discharge-lake-okeechobee-water-to-indian-river-lagoon-interactive/86008336/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.936103 | 256 | 2.625 | 3 |
samipya—to be a personal associate SB 3.29.13
samipya—personal association with the Lord Adi 3.18
samipya—the liberation called samipya Adi 5.30
samipya—of the name samipya Madhya 6.266
samipya—to associate always with the Lord Madhya 6.270
samipya—to always associate with the Supreme Personality of Godhead Madhya 9.268
samipya—to live always near the Supreme Lord Antya 3.189
Can't find any compound Sanskrit words containing samipya. | <urn:uuid:1663e902-865c-4059-96a4-1f1fc143ea1c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sanskritdictionary.org/samipya | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.813068 | 128 | 1.53125 | 2 |
We know that it is the time of the semester in which many 2L and 3L students are working on research papers and 1L students are preparing memos for their Legal Research & Writing class, so over the next week we will be providing research tips on the Law Library blog.
Research Tip #1: Conduct a pre-emption check
Before starting to write on your chosen topic you need to determine whether that topic has already been covered, or preempted, by another author. If your topic has not been addressed you can safely pursue your research and writing. If your topic has been addressed you may still be able to pursue it, if you concentrate on a different aspect of the topic or present a new perspective.
Steps for conducting a thorough preemption check
When conducting a preemption check you need to search for articles on your topic using a variety of resources, including full-text databases, indexes to legal journal articles, and working papers depositories. If your topic is interdisciplinary you should also check indexes to journal articles in other subjects. Starting with a list of terms on your topic will be helpful as you conduct your preemption check – consider the subjects your topic may be categorized under and any synonyms for terms on your list. As you search the various resources listed below, be sure to keep track of where you have searched, the search queries you made, and your search results. This will help you avoid duplicate searching and ensure that you did a thorough preemption check.
Full-Text Article Databases
Full-text databases contain the entire text of articles and thus allow you to search every word in an article.
- Lexis Advance
- HeinOnline: HeinOnline has about 1,600 journals in its law journal library and unlike Westlaw and LexisNexis has coverage beginning with the first issue published. All articles in HeinOnline are available in their original format in pdf.
Indexes to Legal Journal Articles
An index is a database of article citations arranged by subject. When searching in an index you are led to citations of relevant articles, and you then use those citations to locate the full-text of the article.
- LegalTrac: LegalTrac provides citations to articles from 1980 to the present from over 1,500 legal journals, magazines, and newspapers.
- Index to Legal Periodicals Retrospective: The Index to Legal Periodicals Retrospective contains citations to articles from over 750 legal periodicals published between 1908 and 1981.
- Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals: The Index to Foreign Legal Periodicals contains articles published from 1985 to the present which focus on international, comparative, or foreign law topics, or are written in other languages.
Resources for Multidisciplinary Journal Articles
- Academic Search Premier: Academic Search Premier indexes over 8,500 journals from 1975 to the present and covers most areas of academic study.
- JSTOR: JSTOR is a full-text archive of over 1,000 academic journals in the humanities, social sciences, and sciences.
- Google Scholar: Google Scholar allows you to search scholarly articles and books in all disciplines, and offers an “alert” options to have results delivered to your e-mail.
Working Papers Depositories
Working papers depositories house research papers in development.
- Social Science Research Network (SSRN)
The SSRN eLibrary contains abstracts and downloadable full-text versions of working papers.
Ask Your Law Librarians!
If you cannot locate the above sources or if you would like a demonstration on how to use them, stop by the reference office or email a reference librarian. If you need advice on how to proceed with your research, please make an appointment with a reference librarian. We are here to help you!
Finally, here is a handy preemption checklist developed by Melanie Knapp, the Head of Reference and Instructional Services at George Mason University Law Library, to help you keep track of the sources you have searched. | <urn:uuid:f6d2d64a-748d-41b7-a6ae-dbc8d830d422> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://lawlibnews.lawnews-asu.org/?p=1857 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.911053 | 813 | 2.109375 | 2 |
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Types of Films ESL Printable Picture Dictionary For Kids
A picture dictionary and classroom poster ESL printable worksheet for kids to study and learn types of films, genres of movies vocabulary. Look at the pictures and study the words. Useful for teaching and learning types of films, genres of movies vocabulary. | <urn:uuid:24172539-dc42-4b07-b126-91fa06bce1ef> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.englishwsheets.com/films-1.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.859539 | 73 | 3.203125 | 3 |
In the sixth form (years 12 & 13 in new money) that I went to there was a general studies [GS] programme with an exam at the end. This was run by the Northern Universities Joint Matriculation Board (JMB) – now long subsumed within AQA. I got a middle of the road pass. In truth I cannot recall – some 60 years on – very much about it, but do remember an art & design teacher arguing that the most important part of a chisel was its handle. I thought that this was obvious nonsense at the time, but now (with experience of chisels) recognise the fundamental truth of the statement.
I can't remember doing much about current affairs in the programme or exploring the great issues of the day: Profumo, the Cuban missile crisis, the first Labour government (promising the white heat of technology) for 13 years, satire, mods and rockers, Jackie, Top of the Pops, the great train robbery, Radio Caroline, Seven up!, TWTWTW, A Hard day's Night, death penalty abolished, the Krays arrested, Pennine Way opens, etc, etc ... . In trust, apart from that chisel, I can't recall much about it at all, except that it provided a rare space in which those studying science like me met up with those focused on humanities in what was a very segregated year group.
What I do know is that if I now taught in a school or college that catered for 16 to 19 year olds, I'd (re)introduce GS but without the carrot or stick of an exam. I'd use it as a vehicle for exploring the issues of the day that mattered to students.
xxx xxx xxx | <urn:uuid:4dcc027c-d84d-43d8-93ff-9a3cd4935897> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://blogs.bath.ac.uk/edswahs/2022/04/12/general-studies/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.966699 | 357 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Emo, short for emotional or emotional punk, is a type of punk rock music that has a large following. Emo fans feel that this genre is more than just music; For many, emo is a way of life. An important component of being an emo fan is wearing emo, which is supposed to be quite individual but actually has a recognizable style. Typically, emo clothing is dark and very tight, often consisting of black jeans and a t-shirt with an emo band logo on it.
Parents may be concerned when their children adopt the emo lifestyle, but often these young people simply feel that emo clothing and music speak to them in important ways. Not all emos are depressed or obsessed with dark thoughts, and being able to dress in styles that have meaning to them can help some kids find a way to fit in. There are a variety of styles that can be considered emo clothing, but they tend to have a few things in common.
One of the most notable aspects of emo clothing is that it is too tight and usually too small for the wearer. Plaids, stripes, and plaid are common for both male and female ensembles. Teens can dress in clothes belonging to much smaller siblings, and boys can even wear dark jeans borrowed from a younger sister. The tighter the clothes, the better, as far as most emos go, and they generally buy clothes designed for children many years younger, to be as tight-fitting as possible.
In addition to tight-fitting outfits, emo clothing for girls often consists of black, plaid, or red skirts with brightly colored socks or leggings. Blouses can be sleeveless tops, tops with random phrases, or tight-fitting sweaters, often with argyle. Heavy, clumsy-looking shoes, usually black, are a popular type of footwear, and black-and-white lace-up high-top sneakers are another commonly worn type.
Both boys and girls accentuate their emo clothes with makeup, particularly mascara, and they tend to apply it very liberally. An emo hairstyle is usually dyed black and cut so that it hangs over at least one eye, and sometimes both. Some of the hair can be trimmed with barrettes such as those designed for young children, and it is common for both boys and girls to wear them.
Other trendy touches include chains, black rubber bracelets, and chunky black horn-rimmed glasses. Some emos wear studded black leather bracelets, dog collars, or broken heart necklaces. Hats are not uncommon as emo clothing accessories, but these are often caps that can be lowered onto the wearer’s head, stopping just above the eyes.
What are the different types of emo outfits?
Emo ensembles are highly variable, but they are closely related to emo music. As such, the styles worn by emo bands can be used as an indicator of what is currently acceptable in emo fashion. More generally, emo outfits lend themselves stylistically to the goth and punk subcultures, and often include tight-fitting black clothing. Much of what looks emo is determined not by clothing, but by hairstyle, makeup, and posture, making it more difficult to determine which clothing will look emo in a finished ensemble.
Commonly, emo outfits will consist of skinny or tight pants, a T-shirt, and a hoodie of some sort. Pants can be any color, although black and neon are extremely popular. T-shirts can be plain or patterned, and displaying the name of a popular band is common. Hoodies can have patterns all over them or they can be a solid color, but they are usually form-fitting. Sometimes clothing with long sleeves will have thumb holes cut into the cuff of the item.
Unlike gothic clothing, emo outfits can incorporate any number of colors, although it is typical to combine these colors with black and white. Neon colors are more popular than pastels, but there are no restrictions on colors in emo clothing. In fact, what makes an outfit look emo is much more the fit of the items than the design. Happy, kid-oriented designs can be subverted into moody emo outfits with very little effort.
One feature of emo clothing that is highly unique is the use of emo slogans on clothing. Phrases that glorify bad moods, suicide, and loneliness are popular in emo subcultures. Some people who identify as emo may accuse others who use these slogans of being false, but it depends on the environment.
Emo shoes can take many different forms, but the shoes worn by skateboarders are popular. Women have many shoe options and many choose to simply wear black or neon shoes. Generally, accessories should only match clothing. Fine jewelry is generally avoided in favor of cheap, plastic items.
It’s hard to define what constitutes emo clothing because emo is more of an attitude than a fashion style. People who behave in a certain way, comb their hair in a specific way, and talk about certain topics are likely to be identified as emo no matter what they wear. When selecting an emo outfit, the best strategy is to look at what people who are popular in the emo movement are wearing. In this way, an observer will always have an impression of what is currently acceptable in motion.
What are the different types of emo styles?
Emo is short for emotional, and it primarily refers to teenagers going through an emotional phase of their lives. Styles that have evolved for emo provide individuals with an outlet where it is acceptable to express more distress than they might otherwise express. These emo styles are commonly seen in music, clothing, makeup, and hair. Some people also sport body piercings and tattoos as part of their emo fashion, and it is sometimes difficult to discern whether a person is emo or punk.
The black hoodie is one of the most popular emo styles. T-shirts with emo bands are frequently worn. Dark colors like black, brown, and navy are common fashion colors, and many are drawn to vintage T-shirts and polo shirts. Emos tend to portray the look of the fashion outcast by dressing in clothes that don’t conform to current trends. Corduroy pants and discarded clothing found in thrift stores are typical emo styles.
There is no specific emo hairstyle as people attracted to emo strive for a unique look. In general, emo hairstyles are asymmetrical and choppy. A person may shave their head on one side and spike their hair on the other. Another look can have long hair on one side and short hair on the other. People often cut their hair as symmetry and perfection are not the goal of emo hairstyles.
Many people who follow emo fashion trends dye their hair. The most popular hair color is jet black, and bleached blonde or bright red hair is also common. Many choose to color their braids in unnatural dark tones like purple, burgundy, and navy blue. Adding bright colored highlights to dark hair is also popular.
Nails and makeup play an important role in the emo styles of both genders. Black nail polish is commonly seen on both. Both boys and girls wear pale foundation makeup to hide flaws. Heavy black eyeliner accentuates the eyes, and is often smudged to give a smoky look. Dark eyeshadows like charcoal, navy blue, and deep purple complete the emo look of the eyes.
There are various nuances and subgenres of emo. Scene is a subset of people who like to dress in emo styles and pretend to be emo, but don’t share the deep emotional anguish of true emo. Goth emo is another popular subgenre, consisting of a hybrid of the goth and emo cultures.
What is Emo makeup?
As a style, emo is inspired by punk and goth culture, and emo makeup can appear similar to the classic goth look, especially to people who do not belong to either of these subcultures. Heavy mascara, eyeliner, and pale foundation are commonly used to achieve the emo look. Although the goth and emo styles share some elements, the emo look is more colorful and not as dark, whether in the palette or in the mood, it often includes playful touches like glitter or hearts.
For the uninitiated, emo is a style of music that has become a subculture. Emo, short for emotional, is similar to punk, but instead of the angry intensity of punk, emo is more introspective. Like other music-inspired styles, emo has developed its own dress code and fashion, including emo makeup.
The emo look starts with the foundation. A powder or liquid foundation is fine. The goal is to make the face appear even and pale, and hiding those blemishes is crucial to achieving that emo look. Blusher is not generally worn.
Emo makeup mainly focuses on the eyes. Heavy mascara is commonly used, with pencil or liquid eyeliners to highlight the eyes. Eyeliner is applied above and below the eye, and can be applied more than once to draw a thicker line around the eye. Usually black eyeliner is used, but other dark colors can be used.
Eye shadow is another important element. Dark colors are commonly used, but bright neon hues can also be used, and the colors can be combined for contrast. Black and red are commonly used together.
The shadow can also be worn under the eye for a theatrical look. The brighter shades are often used here to contrast the dark colors used on the upper eyelid, although the dark shadow used on the lower eyelid can also achieve a dramatic look. Depending on the shade selected, emo makeup can look exotic, melancholic, or even red for a look full of distress.
Dark lipsticks are often selected for the emo look. Deep reds or purples are commonly used. However, emo is all about the eyes, and pale or sheer lipstick will give the lips a more subtle look that won’t distract from the eyes. A similar strategy is applied to nails, you can choose dark dramatic colors or a subtle, light varnish.
Makeup can be worn by both genders for an emo look, and there are only slight variations in the way boys and girls apply their emo makeup. Children generally require less to achieve an emo look, and can focus almost entirely on the eyes. Extras like lipstick and nail polish can be used if desired, but are completely optional.
What are emo jeans?
Emo jeans are a type of fashion worn by followers of the emo subculture. Jeans are usually black or dyed in very bright colors, fit perfectly, and are often adorned with large belts. In general, people who fit into this cultural subgroup wear skinny jeans with band-related tight shirts; straightened and colored hair; and many colorful accessories. Facial piercings and tattoos are also acceptable in emo culture. People in the emo subculture are usually young people under the age of 30 with a very slim stature.
Emo is short for “emotional hardcore.” People who consider themselves emo generally like poetry, writing, goth culture, death, and depression. They like dark clothing, including black skinny jeans with zippers at the ankles.
There are thousands of emo music fans, and most of them like to wear emo jeans. Emo music started out as a branch of punk music from the 80s and indie rock. Emo bands include 30 Seconds to Mars, Newfound Glory, Boys Like Girls, The All-American Rejects, and The Used, to name a few.
The jeans they wear are very tight and taper at the ankle. Denim can be any color from white to hot pink, but blue jeans are frowned upon. Both men and women can wear skinny jeans, and the user is recommended to have a slim body type. Boys usually wear girls’ jeans because few manufacturers make skinny jeans for men. Emo jeans are often topped by wide, colorful, or studded belts that fasten around the hips as an accessory.
Skate shoes, such as Vans or Converse, are acceptable with skinny jeans. Heels, however, are not an emo trend with skinny jeans. The appropriate types of footwear to wear with skinny jeans are generally flat. Gothic jeans, also called skinny jeans, are always low rise. This means that the top of the waist is only a few inches higher than the inseam.
People who wear skinny emo jeans often complement the look with lots of colored bracelets, scarves, pins, hoodies, and fingerless gloves. Snakebite piercings, nose rings, ear plugs, and multiple body piercings are also part of emo culture. Some people like to wear black-rimmed glasses, whether they need them or not. Black band tees or tongue-in-cheek tees are also popular to wear with skinny jeans.
“Scene” is a subculture of emo. So-called “scene kids” also wear skinny jeans and generally dress like emos, but prefer bigger, more dramatic hair, brighter colors, and more makeup. Rather than having the sad demeanor of emo kids, the kids in the scene are upbeat and like to dance and have fun. They do not wear black, and their jeans are mostly dyed in bright colors. | <urn:uuid:e9ee1e69-77a9-4a73-9f24-6b7a91f914dc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.oursminiworld.com/what-are-emo-clothes/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.963916 | 2,820 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Shahid Raza Khan was in Class 2 when his cash-strapped parents shifted him from a private school to a village madrassa in Bihar's Gaya district. This year, the 27-year-old cracked the UPSC exams, securing 751st rank in his third attempt. "My brother, who is now a dentist, encouraged me to think about the civil services when I was 17. I had one general knowledge book at the madrassa, and my classmates would ask me why I was studying beyond my syllabus," says the PhD student in Delhi's JNU
With madrassas focusing on imparting a classic Islamic education, their students are often at a disadvantage when it comes to competitive exams. But now not only have madrassas in several states like UP modernised their curriculum, several non-profit coaching institutes are pitching in to help create tomorrow's doctors, engineers and civil servants.
Khan, for instance, was coached for the civils at Delhi-based NGO Zakat Foundation of India. Zakat, which provides free and subsidized tuition, coached 18 of the 27 Muslim candidates who cleared civils this year.
In Bidar, Karnataka, the Shaheen Group of Institutions has produced several doctors and engineers through its bridge course for madrassa-educated students in the last two decades.
Traditionally, the majority of madrassa-going children are admitted in the Shoba-e-Hifz (department of Quran memorisation) and thousands become 'Hafiz' (one who has memorised the Quran). Shaheen Group's founder Abdul Qadeer says, "The Huffaz (plural of Hafiz) have every right to gain more knowledge and education after completing their course. In fact, in early and medieval period, Huffaz also served as hakeems or doctors. Shaheen institutions have a course that connects Huffaz with modern education." Called 'Hifz Plus', the foundation and bridge course equips students to enroll in Class 10 of a Shaheen college. Other than Bidar, Shaheen offers this course in Hassan in Karnataka and six other branches across the country.
At 15, Hafiz Waheed Abdullah from Gorakhpur joined Shaheen after he read about the institute in a newspaper. He went on to get 579 marks in NEET
and is now studying medicine at Aligarh Muslim University
. Another madrassa product, Hafiza Rabia Basreen, studied at Bangalore Medical College and now works as a doctor in Hyderabad.
Syed Zafar Mahmood, founder of the NGO Zakat Foundation, says their coaching centre for the civil services exam takes 65 aspirants every year - five-six of them are madrassa educated. "I see no difference in their abilities and performance and that of students from mainstream institutes. Entry into our institute is gained through an exam, so they are at similar levels," he says.
Mahmood worked as an officer on the Sachar Committee report, which highlighted the socio-economic and educational backwardness of the Muslim community. Its findings prompted him to start the coaching centre. The lack of Muslim representation in fields like the civil services is a matter of concern, he says. This year, only 3.7% of those who made it were Muslims, he says. "Government data shows that Muslims are lagging behind, and there is only one place where they are larger in percentages - hospital queues. There is a lack of information, confidence and resources, and more affirmative action is needed to bridge the gap."
One example is the Haj Committee's IAS
and Allied Services Coaching and Guidance cell, started in 2009 at its headquarters, the Haj House in Mumbai. "After the Sachar report, which painted a very grim picture, the Haj Committee of India decided to start two-year residential coaching for Muslim students," says Mohammed Owais, its CEO. One of their successful students, Shaikh Mohammed Zaib (rank 225) who is from Ahmadnagar and whose father works at the district court says: "This was my fourth attempt and it is the Haj Committee which gave me a good foundation."
Activist and former member of the Planning Commission
Syeda Hameed says, "Madrassa students
are very bright, but madrassas have begun to be regarded as breeding grounds for terrorism. This label has gotten stuck to these kids. The state needs to help modernize madrassas, as well as replicate the model of coaching institutes like Zakat on a larger scale."
Unlike some madrassa students who study maths and science along with religious studies, Khan did not have the advantage of doing a concurrent course in modern subjects. "When I started studying for the civils, I didn't have that base. I would have trouble understanding class 3 mathematics, so it took me a lot of work to get to the same level as others before I even joined any coaching institute. Even learning English was a challenge, I would have difficulty reading English newspapers."
But the rigour of the madrassa did help. "Learning the Quran taught me how to memorise and retain information. It also gave me a positive attitude towards life, but there are limitations," says Khan.
Shahid T Komath of Kozhikode studied in a madrassa for 12 years, and even taught at a couple for two years. "There are gaps in knowledge, but we learn compassion, empathy and hope. I failed my prelims five times consecutively, but I had been taught to be patient, consistent and not be frustrated with failure," says the 30-year-old, who made it to the information services last year, and hopes to improve his UPSC rank by taking the exam again. His madrassa also encouraged them to join mainstream education simultaneously through open learning programmes. Komath has a BA in English literature.
These success stories are inspiring many others in the community. Khan says his village has only five or six college graduates. "There are very few opportunities available to my community because of financial constraints, especially for women," he says. "After I've cleared the exam, people are filled with renewed hope for their kids' future. Many madrassa students are contacting me asking for advice. The myth that you can't even dream of such things has been broken." With additional reporting by Mohammed Wajihuddin in Mumbai | <urn:uuid:3a3504c5-9198-4c34-baa8-277f7eac5b55> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/hafiz-to-ias-how-madrassa-students-are-cracking-civils/articleshow/69181932.cms?utm_campaign=cppst&utm_medium=text&utm_source=contentofinterest&fbclid=iwar15tfojyypqqmgcuv8ukd_zekwq5yj54oyh_riogqmtpiitdldwutivfkc&from=mdr | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.981866 | 1,344 | 1.953125 | 2 |
#tbt to the AWARD-WINNING ‘Hands in Art’ Art-tivity Project with Suga Lifestyle & Rotaract Club of New Kingston!
Earlier this year in February 2020, ‘Hands In Art’ was a Suga Lifestyle & Rotaract Club of New Kingston (Ig: @nkrcjamaica) Arts and Entrepreneurship Initiative with Lister Mair/Gilby High for the Deaf. The Project also had the support of e-Learning Jamaica Ltd. (Ig: @elearningja).
‘Impact Through Unity’ was Rotaract’s theme for the year, which inspired the majority of the Art pieces the kids were guided to create.
All proceeds from their sales and part proceeds of GW Art sales at Suga Lifestyle’s V-Day Pop Up Shop in February went towards the students’ educational resources and the school’s infrastructure. There is still a need for more funding, for instance, to supply classrooms with fans that are currently without.
Congrats to Rotaract Club of New Kingston for being recognized by Rotaract District 7020 for this meaningful project, placing 1st amongst different Carribean territories! 👏🏾🏆#SugaSnaps
I am grateful we were able to complete this project together before COVID-19.
Immediate Past President, Alex Robinson, recently handed over a Digital Thermometer to the Principal of Lister Mair/Gilby High for the Deaf, which they needed to proceed with their CSEC Exams.
Rotaract Club of New Kingston’s work continues with Lister Mair, as they also handed over 30 Face shields. Communication is mainly through lip-reading in the Deaf community, so it is important for them, especially the teachers, to use face shields instead of masks.
Our Children are Our Future
By: Gabrielle Burgess (Founder/Owner, Suga Lifestyle)
If you liked this Blog, follow Suga Lifestyle Online, on Instagram (@sugalifestyle), Twitter (@sugalifestyleja) or like the Suga Lifestyle Facebook page | <urn:uuid:8d78276a-d86b-4578-b06d-b7f549667d26> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sugalifestyle.com/tag/lister-mair-gilby-high-for-the-deaf/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.929708 | 457 | 1.539063 | 2 |
Wall Street has been on a tumultuous ride lately on rising inflation. This is especially true, as rising prices tend to squeeze margins and erode corporate profits for the growth companies, which usually have higher valuations.
Notably, U.S. consumer prices climbed the most since 2009 in April while producer prices also expanded the most in a decade. If inflation remains high for a sustained period of time, it could trigger earlier-than-expected tightening policies from the Federal Reserve though the central bank views inflation as temporary (read: Inflation Zooms to 13-Year High: 5 Solid TIPS ETF Picks). Additionally, a flare-up in coronavirus cases in parts of Asia has sparked concerns over the pace of a global economic recovery. India, Japan and other parts of Southeast Asia are battling a fresh surge in cases and tightening restrictions, with relatively slow vaccine rollouts and delays in reopening the economy. Further, rounds of latest data have added to the chaos. Consumer confidence in early May tumbled with the preliminary reading for the University of Michigan Index of Consumer Sentiment dipping 6.2% from the month ago to 82.8 for May. U.S. retail sales were flat in April after jumping nearly 11% in March. Although U.S. industrial production rose 0.7% in April, it is down from a sharp increase of 2.4% in March. U.S. home construction also unexpectedly dropped a sharp 9.5% last month partially attributed to the delayed projects due to a surge in lumber prices and other supply constraints. However, the economy is showing solid economic recovery backed by huge infrastructure and stimulus packages, widening reach of vaccinations and a healing job market. The combination has powered activities across all sectors and categories, resulting in increased consumer spending. Americans are spending on big-ticket items such as vacations and weddings, companies are going on hiring sprees, and the transition to new technologies such as electric vehicles is accelerating. The U.S. economy grew 6.4% annually in the first quarter, representing the second-strongest increase since 2003 and is expected to top 7% this year, which would be the fastest since 1984, per several economists. This would follow the 3.5% contraction in 2020, which was the worst performance in 74 years. As the U.S. economy is gaining momentum, the dips might charge investors to snap up stocks on the cheap, though they remained wary over inflation fears. There are several stocks and ETFs that are at a bargain price now and investors could definitely look to these products for outsized gains over the longer term. How to Find Bargain ETFs?
Using our database, first we have selected ETFs with a Zacks Rank #1 (Strong Buy) or 2 (Buy). This is because these ranks suggest strengthening fundamentals and superior weighting methodologies that could allow them to move higher than their cousins in a booming market. Then, we narrowed down the list to funds having a lower P/E ratio than 25.16 for the broad market fund (SPY). Further, these ETFs have a lower expense ratio of below 0.50% and are among the popular options with AUM of at least $1 billion.
Here are the five ETFs that are currently undervalued and could generate solid returns in a rising stock market. SPDR S&P Biotech ETF ( XBI Quick Quote XBI - Free Report) – P/E Ratio: 9.25 With AUM of $6.8 billion, XBI provides equal-weight exposure across 191 biotechnology stocks by tracking the S&P Biotechnology Select Industry Index. It has 0.35% in expense ratio and a Zacks ETF Rank #2 (read: How Will Biotech ETFs React to These Q1 Earnings Releases?). SPDR S&P Bank ETF ( KBE Quick Quote KBE - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 14.15 This fund offers equal-weight exposure to 96 banking stocks by tracking the S&P Banks Select Industry Index. Regional banks dominate the portfolio with 73.3% share while thrifts & mortgage finance, diversified banks, asset management & custody banks and other diversified financial services take the remainder. It has amassed $4.11 billion in its asset base and charges 35 bps in annual fees. The ETF has a Zacks ETF Rank #2. SPDR Portfolio S&P 500 High Dividend ETF ( SPYD Quick Quote SPYD - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 14.8 This fund provides exposure to stocks with a high level of dividend income and the opportunity for capital appreciation by tracking the S&P 500 High Dividend Index. Holding 78 stocks in its basket, the fund is well diversified across financials, real estate, energy and utilities. It has AUM of $3.7 billion and charges 7 bps in annual fees. The fund has a Zacks ETF Rank of #2. Vanguard Russell 2000 Value ETF ( VTWV Quick Quote VTWV - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 14.9 This fund targets the small-cap value segment of the U.S market by tracking the Russell 2000 Value Index. It provides well-diversified exposure to a broad basket of 1551 stocks with about 26.5% of the portfolio is allotted to financials while consumer discretionary and industrials also take double-digit exposure each. The product has accumulated $1 billion in its asset base and charges 15 bps in annual fees. It has a Zacks ETF Rank #2 (read: A Guide to Small-Cap Value ETF Investing). SPDR S&P Retail ETF ( XRT Quick Quote XRT - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 15.6 With AUM of $1.1 billion, this product targets the broad retail sector by tracking the S&P Retail Select Industry Index. It holds 101 securities in its basket with key holdings in apparel retail, Internet & direct marketing retail, automotive retail, and specialty stores. The fund charges 35 bps in annual fees and has a Zacks ETF Rank #2 (read: Retail ETFs in Focus Ahead of Big-Box Q1 Earnings). How to Find Bargain Stocks?
For this, we have used our
Zacks stock screener and have selected stocks with a Zacks Rank #1 or 2 and a VGM Score of B or better. Then we looked for stocks having a low P/E than the S&P 500 index ( 37.04), a double-digit estimated earnings growth rate for this year and belong to the top-ranked Zacks Industry (in the top 40%). Finally, we arrive at the five stocks that are cheap and have the potential to deliver higher returns. ArcelorMittal ( MT Quick Quote MT - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 4.04 With a presence in more than 60 countries, this world’s leading steel and mining company operates a balanced portfolio of cost competitive steel plants across both the developed and developing world. The stock has an expected earnings growth rate of more than 100% for this year and belongs to the top-ranked industry ( top 12%). ArcelorMittal currently has a Zacks Rank #1 and a top VGM Score of A. You can see . the complete list of today’s Zacks #1 Rank stocks here Santander Consumer USA Holdings Inc. - P/E Ratio: 6.05 This is a technology-driven consumer finance company focused on vehicle finance and unsecured consumer lending products. It has an expected earnings growth rate of 111.5% for this year and falls in the top-ranked Zacks Industry ( top 8%). The stock carries a Zacks Rank #1 and has a VGM Score of A. Taylor Morrison Home Corporation ( TMHC Quick Quote TMHC - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 6.05 This company is a homebuilder and land developer engaged in building single-family detached and attached homes for first-time buyers, move-up families to luxury and active adult customers. The stock has expected earnings growth of 161.2% for this year. It has Zacks Rank #2 and a VGM Score of A. It belongs to the top-ranked Industry ( top 16%). China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation ( SNP Quick Quote SNP - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 6.85 It is one of the largest petroleum and petrochemical companies in Asia. The company’s earnings are expected to grow 86.9% for this year. The stock has a Zacks Rank #2 and a VGM Score of A. It belongs to a top-ranked Industry ( top 3%). Boise Cascade L.L.C. ( BCC Quick Quote BCC - Free Report) - P/E Ratio: 7.67 This company operates as a wood products manufacturer and building materials distributor. Its earnings are expected to grow 46.7% for this year. The stock has a Zacks Rank #1 and a VGM Score of B. It falls in in the top-ranked industry ( top 3%) (read: ETFs to Benefit from Soaring Lumber Prices). Want key ETF info delivered straight to your inbox?
Zacks’ free Fund Newsletter will brief you on top news and analysis, as well as top-performing ETFs, each week.
Get it free >> | <urn:uuid:7025a10f-ae9a-4a3c-8799-6dabbdd3c17d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.zacks.com/stock/news/1576267/5-all-star-etfs-stocks-to-buy-on-the-dip?art_rec=etfs-overview-zacks_news-ID04-txt-1576267 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.930226 | 1,922 | 1.5 | 2 |
What does it mean to winterize your vehicle? It means taking a few simple steps to ensure your vehicle’s fluids, systems and tires are ready to help keep you safe on the road this winter. With this handy checklist, getting your car winter ready is easy.
Install winter tires
You can install your winter tires as soon as the temperature is consistently at +7 C or below. The special rubber compound in your winter tires allows them to stay flexible and grip snow and ice for optimum traction.
For the best traction, make sure you also have sufficient tread depth on your tires. Read our article How to Measure Tread Depth on Your Tires for tips on how to do it and what each tread depth level means.
Check your air pressure in all four tires and your spare tire
Cold air can make the pressure in your tire drop significantly, affecting your vehicle’s ability to bite ice and snow. Don’t forget to check the inflation of your spare tire and make sure your tire changing kit is intact and in your vehicle.
Fluids, systems and hardware
Check, change or top up all fluids
- engine coolant
- engine oil
- windshield washer fluid
You should always keep our gas tank at least half full in winter to prevent condensation and ice from building up in your fuel line or in case you need to leave the engine running longer to warm your vehicle or wait out being stuck in traffic because of an accident.
Check your blades, battery, brakes and belts
Your wiper blades should be changed at least twice a year so they can effectively wipe away blowing snow and rain.
Check your battery or have it checked at your local Kal Tire store to see if it’s in good enough shape to get your car started and running through the winter.
Optimum braking is critical for your vehicle to perform on snow and ice in winter. Have your brakes checked along with your engine belts and hoses.
Check your a/c and your exhaust systems
Your vehicle’s A/C system is used to defrost and de-humidify the inside of your vehicle in winter. That’s why it’s imperative to make sure that it is working properly.
You’ll also want to make sure your exhaust system is intact as to avoid leaking exhaust pipes or mufflers, which can cause carbon monoxide poisoning and decrease the efficiency of your vehicle. While you’re at it, make sure that your block heater is still working!
Keep a winter survival kit in your vehicle and make sure it stocked with the following supplies:
- First aid kit
- Bottled water
- Health bars
- Boots, gloves, and an extra winter coat
Remember to dress for winter every day. Even if it looks sunny and mild when you head out, you could be facing a blizzard on the way home.
Your kit should also contain emergency supplies for your vehicle. Include these items:
- Booster cables
- Extra oil and windshield washer fluid
- Lock de-icer, flashlight, flares, safety triangles
- Ice scraper, shovel, bag of salt or gravel
- Tire chains | <urn:uuid:e341dfaa-cfa4-4797-86d5-763ee1443501> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kaltire.com/en/a-checklist-to-get-your-car-winter-ready.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.942172 | 666 | 2.21875 | 2 |
There’s no mystery that fruit juice calories are primarily from the sugar that it contains. That said, what often causes confusion is that many people think of this beverage as containing naturally occurring sugars, which are supposed to be better than added sugars such as those found in pop or energy drinks. Are they really an unhealthy choice?
Fruit Juice Calories Are Only the Beginning
The fruit juice calories are just the start of why this isn’t the best option to serve to yourself or to your kids, except on a rare occasion. Just as it is unlikely that you would put a glass of pop in front of your kids at the breakfast table, the same should be said about juices, too. They may be marketed as heathy or even as containing nutrients – vitamin C, commonly among them – but when consumed as a part of a part of a typical American diet, it will only do more harm than good.
Starting with the fruit juice calories, these are problematic not only because of the nutrition contained – or lacking – in the beverage, but also because the drink doesn’t fill you up. This means that even though you’re consuming as many calories as you’d have in a decent-sized snack, you’re not arriving at that feeling of satiation that a solid food would have achieved. This places you at risk of overeating calorically, even on days when you have been consuming a reasonable amount of food.
What About the Naturally Occurring Sugar?
It’s easy to believe that fruit juice calories are from 100 percent fruit. In fact, it’s often on the label of the product. As a result, it seems as though the sugars contained in the beverage shouldn’t be any more problematic than eating the food whole. If that’s exactly where they came from, then they shouldn’t be any different, right?
That’s the problem. The sugars may indeed be naturally occurring, but the food that produced them has not remained in its whole state when you consumed it as a drink. When you’ve squeezed out only the liquid from the fruit, then it’s only the substances dissolved in the water it contains that make it to your glass. This leaves out everything that is in the fruit’s flesh, including all its fiber.
When eating the food whole, the fiber helps to slow down its digestion. Therefore, the sugar can enter your bloodstream more gradually. Moreover, you’d likely eat only a reasonable portion of the whole food.
On the other hand, when drinking fruit juice, you’re consuming the sugar calories from several of the whole foods – typically far more than you would have had if you’d eaten them whole. Have you ever tried to make your own orange juice? If so, you’ll know that one small glass needs more than one fruit. Sometimes several. So, you’re skipping all the fiber and much of the nutrients contained in the orange but squeezing out all the sugar from far more than you’d have eaten whole.
But Fruit Juice Calories Come with Vitamin C…
Many companies love to try to justify their fruit juice calories by labeling their products as being healthy and full of vitamin C. Some do in fact give you 100 percent of your daily needs of that vitamin in a single 8-ounce glass. The thing is that vitamin C isn’t all that hard for people to get with an average US diet. It’s not like back in the days when people spent months in malnutrition on sailing ships or when Europeans first came to North America and didn’t know what foods to eat during the winter to stave off scurvy (the name for vitamin C deficiency).
Many foods contain vitamin C, particularly foods that don’t require you to consume fruit juice calories. There are, after all, the fruits they came from! | <urn:uuid:c2f42c25-2ea2-41d5-bee8-3d85987cf8a1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sharefit.com/fruit-juice-calories/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.966366 | 806 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa condemned the alleged threats made to the Media and Media freedom in Sri Lanka recently. Premadasa, in a statement, said the freedom of speech and expression are enshrined in the Constitution, and in such a backdrop threats to the Media are unacceptable.
“The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and the European Convention on Human Rights make it very clear that the right to freedom of speech and expression is applicable for everyone in the society,” Premadasa said.
He added that it is the responsibility of the Media to expose corruption and fraud in the country, emphasising that the CID has no right to summon the journalists who carry out that responsibility.
“Article 14 (1) of the Constitution clearly states about freedom of speech and expression in a society that values democracy, and no one can threaten the role of the Media in such a country,” he added.
Premadasa said the Opposition condemns any act of the Government which will block, threaten and censor the Media, directly or indirectly. He added that his party believes that the Media should have only self-censorship.
(Source: Ceylon Today – By Nabiya Vaffoor) | <urn:uuid:e113ae7c-c8c3-43d7-831d-e653d8cd053b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.onlanka.com/news/threats-to-the-media-unacceptable-sajith.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.932538 | 258 | 1.914063 | 2 |
The 1932 German election ballot featured 36 parties, many of which existed only on paper. The number of different groups made it difficult for any single party to gain a majority in parliament in the Weimar Republic.
Joshua Rubenstein, author and associate at Harvard's Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian studies, details the relationship between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in the decade before World War II.
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Everything you need to get started teaching your students about racism, antisemitism and prejudice. | <urn:uuid:f9c718f2-c799-425a-9a5f-9b20947f58d4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/image/german-voting-ballot-1938?fbclid=IwAR1ylwrS2STFya3oPpRNrsvGPBYsg3hu1LYtU-EVawv-27JAXZdgoXtBAwk | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.934184 | 103 | 3.671875 | 4 |
The article aims at restoring local self-government as a research problem of political theory. In contemporary political science literature, local self-government is not treated as one of its normal, standard research problems. The main obstacle of its ambiguous position within political theory is, as I argue, the forced and imposed apolitical character of local self-government considered as a part of public administration. Despite some degree of organizational, especially institutional and legal, self-determination, the local self-government is not a political, i.e. sovereign entity. However, its non-sovereign status, which is legally established, does not exclude the existence of political potency in it. | <urn:uuid:37c98d9c-6f82-439c-a9ab-8cd5ee127816> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://czasopisma.marszalek.com.pl/component/tags/tag/carl-schmitt | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.96824 | 134 | 1.640625 | 2 |
On Meister Eckhart
Let us come to Meister Eckhart not as a figure from the remote past some seven hundred years ago, a spiritual phenomenon of a mediaeval Europe whose cultural conditioning was vastly distant from our own experience, but as a fellow human being, growing up to choose his path in life and his priorities amid all the urges and appetites, options and allures that bear upon a young person of a given intelligence and gravity, who might be sitting among us at this table. Let us suppose him drawn, like us, to fulfil the purpose of a spiritual life . . . as could be lived or attempted by someone of his circle or of his family, who were of respectable standing just like us, but in Thuringia in the middle of central Germany, in a horse-drawn era.
What might attract such a young man as to the purpose of a spiritual life? Why, the attainment of true peace. By that ‘true peace’ he and we would mean unassailable peace. ‘Peace’ is the one-word bequest personally willed by Jesus upon his ragged and astonished clutch of followers on his reappearance to them at Easter. If we, justifiably enough – with the youthful reflective Eckhart among us – were to append the qualifying adjective ‘true’ to ‘peace’ we may think of it as the ‘peace of truth’. Now ‘Truth’ we have learnt for ourselves in our own lives is to be found in and through love; and so too we have been taught.
‘Love’ comes upon us in myriad forms, but in its commanding manifestations in the experience of man (no less in Eckhart’s time than in ours) is A the love of our fellow humans and B the love of the gift of life and the giver of that gift. For us in our so-secular zeitgeist it is to be a bit daring and unfashionable to name the giver of the gift as ‘God’. In Eckhart’s day and age, God’s role was the common presumption; in our day not so. Yet it is one that we ragged clutch of church-goers share with Eckhart’s day.
‘I am the Way and the Truth and the Life’, said Jesus, in what I have always thought is, by its succinctness and comprehensiveness, a direct quotation that gripped the minds of his immediate disciples and was to be written down as yesterday by certain of them as soon as they had mastered the skill of writing:
- The Tao [way] in the terminology of the East somewhat familiar to more of us today if then unknown to Europe;
- The Truth, the rationale of Being;
- The Life, for which we cannot but give thanks –
the three encapsulating the gift of creation offered by that same Jesus known to us and to Eckhart for the enlightenment of our amazing species.
This, then, is the peace that, we must reckon Eckhart set himself to seek in his choice of a spiritual life such as we, these seven centuries on, still dare to call it. It is no more nor less self-ish now than it was then in its aim or purpose, since as we here have surely come to learn, the ‘truth’ of this peace is at once paradoxical: we are never so much ourselves as when we lose ourselves – most vividly in love, in the relationship of love: in the individuality in such a relationship and the simultaneous universality of it, in the letting go of the ‘self’ (what Eckhart came to call die Gelazenheit). That is, in unconditional endeavour and daring for the sake of the other, in self-sacrifice, in – as it could turn out – bodily sacrifice nailed on the cross in pain unspeakable.
‘He who would save his life, will lose it, and whoever would lose his life for my sake, will save it’, will have been heard by the aspiring Eckhart with no less force and insistency than by us.
Such is the central paradox of Christ’s doctrine, and Christianity’s searing tenet, indestructible by virtue of its recognition ‘by and in’ the soul of Man: the sine qua non of that ‘peace’ willed by Jesus upon us and upon Eckhart too. It is reached out for by each one of us (the subject of this talk included) in varying degrees of awareness in our experience of life, inner and outer; in grief, in joy; in stress, in comfort; in dying, in living. That lived paradox by the founder of our Faith, the live refinement of his inheritance and the realizer of his role of Sonship-on-earth of the Creator of all that is, seen and unseen, is the guarantee of the ultimate survival of Christian doctrine and, by extension, of those of its conveyors we have come to celebrate in this very building, St George’s Campden Hill of the Universal Church, and indeed throughout our eight week course on mysticism. It is the doctrine by which we are to love God in mind and heart and soul, and love our neighbours ‘as ourselves’ (which is to say, ‘in the light of our right to love ourselves’).
So it was in the quest for this recognizable peace and in its apprehension that the young Eckhart chose to live his life. He did not come from nowhere: none of us does, not even Jesus himself.
Johannes Eckhart was born in the village of Hochheim near Erfurt in central Germany in or around 1260 – about 35 years after the birth of Thomas Aquinas who was yet to bequeath his Summa Theologica to fellow Christians. That same forested province was to be the birthplace in later centuries of Martin Luther and J S Bach. A fertile spot. He was a child of minor aristocracy, of an educated squirarchy, seemingly reared in the light of a possible religious calling, not so much as a reclusive monastic – a Carthusian or Cistercian, or a hands-on servant of the poor in the Franciscan mode – but as an interpreter and preacher of the order of Francis’ contemporary, Dominic. And Dominic carried within him the mystical and contemplative tendency.
Indeed, no spiritual exemplar comes readymade but from a traceable spiritual and disciplinary tradition. Dominic’s order of Friars Preachers had secured its Papal approval in 1216. It substituted for manual labour as the ‘work’ of the brethren the requirement of study. In the vigil against doctrinal error, which our Faith cannot risk dispensing with, the motto of the order became ‘Truth’: Truth in the light of study, thought and prayer. Outstanding among the early Dominicans was not only Thomas Aquinas but Albert of Lauingen – earning canonization and his affix ‘the Great’. Albert founded the ‘House of Studies’ at Cologne, which was to become the core of the city’s university, committed to the synthesizing within the Christian context the major strands of Neoplatonic, Jewish and Dionysian philosophy, and drawing on Aristotelian thought which was resurfacing by the medium of translations via Arabic versions available from such Muslim scholars as Avicenna and Averroes.
Such eclecticism Eckhart was to encounter on entering the Dominican Order at 15, and more so at 20, in 1280, on becoming a student friar in Cologne. There he met the aged and revered ‘Bishop Albrecht’ I have referred to, by whose disciples he was schooled. In 1293 Eckhart was sent to the University of Paris for his doctoral studies, from where after the next year, already as Reader of the Sentences (that is, Peter Lombard’s theological manual) he was appointed vicar of Thuringia, his home-ground. Completing his doctorate he was recalled to the University of Paris to take up the Dominican Chair in Theology, with the title of Meister. By this title he was known thereafter, in the evident light of the authority of his person and his preaching – its explorative range, its depth, its originality, its startling vividness of imagery, its precision of language and its metaphysical urgency. All those attributes, and wit too.
He had already begun to preach not, primarily, in the language of the Church and clergy, Latin, but in the vernacular of the people he mostly served, Middle-High German. He had become, ineluctably, a figure to be reckoned with, winning renown and devotion.
Already, as Prior of the Dominican House in Erfurt, he has written the earliest of his three surviving Treatises, the Talks of Instruction: an eminently practical and persuasive account of the conduct of spiritual life for the Dominican novice. Next, in 1303, at around 43, he was elected the first Provincial of the newly defined Dominican province of Saxonia. This was a territory covering much of today’s Germany, across into the Low Countries in the west and southeast into most of Bohemia and today’s Czech Republic. He was in spiritual charge of the nuns of the region and hence of the fast proliferating Beguines. These were celibate women living in communities intent on the religious life and religious study in a manner already approved by St Albert the Great. Eckhart was thus becoming a vitally influential preacher of what we perceive as the mystical revolution of the 14th century.
And now, in 1311, he was invited back to the University of Paris to take up the same Dominican Chair of Theology he had vacated a decade previously. Such a doubled honour was only ever matched by Thomas Aquinas. That was the year after the final and second conviction of the French Beguine, Marguerite Porete. Undeniably devout, Porete had refused to disown her book The Mirror of Simple Souls in which she recounted, in often beautiful prose dramatized as dialogue and occasionally poetry, her own route to ecstatic union with God – an experience liable to supervening the formulae of ecclesiastic doctrine. Marguerite was condemned to death by being ceremoniously burned alive. That dawn event of June 1st 1310 her lofty clerical judges witnessed with satisfaction at one level of mind or another, although many in the throng were in tears. For the life of me, I cannot find her book less than a masterwork of ordered inspiration. Had it been released at the time of Hildegard of Bingen a century previously or Julian of Norwich a century later it would have left Marguerite Porete as venerated today as are they.
The Papacy had just decamped from Italy to Avignon. It was wildly sensitive to any challenge to its universality, from what might be seen as bacchic women on the spiritual rampage. There is no record of Eckhart ever meeting Marguerite, though more likely than not she will have heard report of what he preached and how, and what he taught of spiritual life. There is a spiritual communion in Marguerite Porete with the Meister which cannot be denied. He at least, however, was a man, that is, a male and a Dominican luminary, at the virtual pinnacle of doctrinal authority. God knows whether he had lain awake at the horror of that execution, that summer’s morning, or indeed that previous month at the ecclesiastic assassination by burning at stakes outside Paris of 54 Knights Templar on the orders of King Philip the Fair of France, with the connivance of the Papacy. It was a brutal age.
From 1313, now in Strasbourg as Dominican Vicar-General, Meister Eckhart had oversight of the many convents in southwest Germany. His appointment thus followed the Council of Vienne’s decrees of 1312 on what was heresy. The dominant voice at that Council was Henry Archbishop of Cologne, a prince in his secular inheritance, envious of Dominican authority, intimately involved in the politics of the Papacy and actively hostile to the ‘Free Spirit’ of personal union with God prevailing among the religious communities spontaneously forming especially among women.
A bit of history is inescapable here.
Half a century of rivalry for papal territory among ambitious princelings had forced the papacy out of Rome to various sites in Italy. Now in 1308 it was formally re-established in self-exile under the authentic Pope Clement V, in Avignon, in southern France. There Clement’s successor John XXII now reigned. It was of course his desire to restore the authentic Papacy to Rome. This prospect was blocked by the territorial ambitions in Italy of Lewis of Bavaria, the German Emperor, whom Pope John succeeded in 1324 in excommunicating. Archbishop Henry of Cologne was prime supporter of the Habsburg challenger of Lewis’ throne: hence the reigning Pope in Avignon could not jeopardize his support. And Henry required the breaking or at least rebutting Dominican authority in the German-speaking world, especially among the extensive communities of devout women.
Henry’s tactic was to initiate accusations of heresy against the Meister himself. This culminated in a selection of suspect propositions taken from the Meisters’ widely circulated treatises and sermons. For the most part these fragments were taken out of the systematic and elevated context in which they were delivered. We need to know of these challenging circumstances for our own reassurance.
The charges were first brought against him before the Court of Inquisition in Archbishop Henry’s Cologne. By a felicitous chance the notes the Meister assembled in his own defence on that occasion have survived. These were, inferentially, intended for use by him when the same charges were passed on to the superior Papal Court in Avignon for trial there. Meister Eckhart, then 66, resolved to walk or donkey-ride the 600 miles from Strasbourg to Avignon to conduct his defence.
As we have seen, heresy was no small matter. The stakes were high and the accused eminent. At that time there was scarcely a spiritual star more revered in Europe than the Meister. The twice Professor of Philosophy of Europe’s premier university had covered the length and breadth of Europe dispensing wisdom in the lingua franca of the territory to wrapt congregations.
Quoting a speaker out-of-context is a time-tested trick of political or ecclesiastic challengers. I shall now demonstrate to you how easily this trick could be played on Eckhart, for my chosen illustration will lead us into the substance of what he uniquely was attempting to transmit to fellow Christians. What transpired will await the last part of this lecture as we now enter by means of miscontextual mischief, the core of his spiritual insight.
I take a quote from a later German sermon delivered on the text of the beatitude – the first in the evangelical order – in the Sermon on the Mount, Blessed are the poor in spirit for theirs is the Kingdom of Heaven (Matthew 5:3).
The fragment I have chosen from Eckhart’s sermon reads ‘Therefore I pray to God to rid me of God’.
Shock Horror! Wheel on the tumbrils – therefore I pray to God to rid me of God – how Eckhart would delight to seize his congregations by the scruff of the neck. Yet every word he spoke in all his German sermons, of which almost one hundred have survived, was meticulously recorded in manuscript by devoted nuns and (in my personal view) customarily checked and approved by the Meister himself.
My out-of-context quote does not form a part of any of the propositions cited for condemnation by Eckhart’s accusers in Cologne, yet it bears upon that same contentious area of the soul’s oneness with God. I adduce it here as an instance of the ease with which a heresy-hunter can fabricate evidence. The quotation is prompted by the sermon’s text, that key text of Matthew 5.
It is a 1600-word sermon, which dives into the deep end of not only what Eckhart will often demand of his listeners but also what he invokes to assure us of his own truth mystically experienced. By such ‘mystical truth’ I mean nothing less than that Truth accessible to Man in his soul or ‘as soul’; to that Mankind, kinder of Man, for which we around this table acknowledge Jesus gave his life to redeem. Eckhart will surely have lived this sermon.
Here was a man with formidable educational and pastoral functions throughout his relatively long life – all functions which he fulfilled with scruple and sustained love. He will have surely preached at every major church, cathedral and Christian seminary across his territory, and unnumbered convents and beguineries of which he was entrusted with spiritual supervision. He went everywhere on foot, on prolonged all-weather tramps that cannot but have fortified solitary contemplation such as comprised one of the three elements of his daily life – the other two elements bring liturgical worship and work; and ‘work’, by his definition, embraced study, preaching, pastoral duties and – hear it! – love.
Now, back to the deep end where I have chosen to plunge you. What might have brought our Meister to praying to God to rid him of God?
‘Pay attention’, as the Meister would often adjure his ardent listeners, with a commanding twinkle. What was Our Lord telling us, in his critically compact Sermon on the Mount, by his supreme blessing of the ‘poor in spirit’ assuring them exclusively of the ‘Kingdom of Heaven’? Why, it is nothing less than the cause of our presence here, of the existence of this building, of the universal Church, and of Man’s entire religious preoccupation since the access of consciousness.
‘There are two kinds of poverty,’ Eckhart begins: ‘external poverty’ which is all very commendable for those practising it for the love of Jesus. Then there is the other kind of poverty, the internal, of precisely which Jesus was speaking. Eckhart is soon defining or analyzing this poverty with a ruthless honesty: a poor person is one who desires nothing, knows nothing and possesses nothing.
Help! Desires nothing, knows nothing, possesses nothing? Characteristically, mischievously, with a wry expression he tells his listeners: ‘I beg you to understand me if you can’. But if you can’t don’t worry, ‘for I am speaking a particular kind of truth only a few can grasp.’
So, first, the poor man who wants nothing. Well, there are those, he says, who are attached to penances and petty self-denials. ‘God have mercy on them, for they know little of the divine truth . . . they are asses, but of that poverty we wish to speak they know nothing.
‘If one of you were to ask me, what it means to be a poor man who desires nothing, I would say that as long it is someone’s will to carry out the most precious will of God, such a person does not have that poverty of which we desire to speak… If we are to have true poverty, we must be so free of all our own created will as we were before we were created. I tell you by the eternal truth that as long as you have the will to perform God’s will, and desire for eternity and for God, you are not yet poor.’
Before we came to conscious life, he goes on, ‘when I existed in my first cause, I had no God and I was my own cause’ – my raison d’être as we might paraphrase today. To preserve such a place is to preserve distinction, multiplicity. ‘Therefore I ask God to make me free of “God”’ in that ‘my most essential being is above “God” as we conceive him as the origin of creation…. In that essence, where God is above all existence and multiplicity, I myself was there, there I desired myself and knew myself’ as I am, even in the flesh. (Quotation marks, we should be aware, were not available to mediaeval transcribers.)
Here is Eckhart bearing witness to his own mystical experience. Don’t suppose such experience is necessarily remote from you and me. Let us now grasp what the Meister is telling us…. A long life lived actively at many levels of experience has brought me certain perceptions and had me coining certain indispensible adages of which I have already cited one which bears upon the theme of this sermon: you are never so much yourself as when you lose yourself. It is seemingly but a step distant from our Lord’s injunction that ‘whosoever will save his life will lose it. But whosoever will lose his life for my sake, the same will save it’.
My parallel home-coined version sounds secular, yet applies spiritually. A man and woman ecstatically in love are lost to themselves in that joy, and would indeed die or mortally risk in the fulfilment or demonstration of it. ‘I could kill dragons for you.’ We right now are speaking of love between God and Man; of Man’s abandonment of self in his surrender to that love: that relationship where the partners are one. This commanding paradox of human experience (or, at the least, cognisance) in the flesh is the supreme metaphor – I daresay, God-given metaphor –of abandonment of self in the embrace with God. What may I cite? Tristan and Isolde? It is why the mystical poets turn instinctively to eroticism in the description of their ultimate elevation – what theologians call the brautmystic of St John of the Cross; of the author of the Song of Solomon; of Richard Rolle; of Ibn el Arabi the Spanish Sufi; of that divinely inspired weaver-poet Kabir born in the 15th century in Benares, born a Muslim to become a disciple of the Hindu ascetic Ramananda, who in the soul’s love union with the Brahma, of which Evelyn Underhill (we shall be hearing) so brilliantly tells.
As Eckhart has counselled us, it involves the radical kenosis – self-emptying, stripping of all the wanting, all the willing, all the knowing. In that same sermon he goes on, ‘[thus] I am my own self-cause, according to my essence, which is eternal, and not according to my becoming, which is in time. There I am unborn, and according to the manner of my unbornness, shall never die. According to my unborn mode I have been eternal, as I am now and ever shall be.’
I remind you what Jesus told Pilate: ‘My Kingdom is not of this world;’ not of the dimensions of space and time: it was of the domain of the soul and of God.
‘[My] nature born into this world,’ Eckhart continues, ‘shall die and must perish in time. In my birth all things were born and I was the cause of myself and all things’ – a critical observation on a second personally coined adage I would offer, that ‘each of us is the point at which other things meet’ – and in so meeting claim their existence. As Eckhart continues in this sermon: ‘ in my birth [my coming into being] all things were born. I was the cause of my own self and of all things … If I did not exist, then neither would God have existed as “God”. I am the cause of God’s existence as “God”.’ Where upon he characteristically tosses in the aside, ‘but you can get along without knowing this.’
You can recognize the dynamite in Eckhart spiritual logic. God is not a thing among other things, he is saying; not a word among other words. Only the mind and language of man makes him so, and on the instant mis-defines him. In various god-fearing communities, as you may know and as I can personally vouch, God is not a name that may be mentioned.
So where does the logic of this train of thought, or metaphysical experience, take the Meister, and with the Meister, us awestruck listeners? ‘When I flowed forth from God, all things said, God is…but in the break-through when I am free of my own will and of God’s will and of all his works and I am free of God himself, then I am above all creatures and am neither “God” nor creature, but I am rather what I once was and what I shall remain now and for evermore. Then I receive an impulse’ – his Middle High German word is Indruk –‘which shall raise me above the angels.’
‘In this flight I receive such great wealth that God, with all that he has as “God” and with all his divine works, cannot satisfy me, for the consequence of this break-through is that God and I become one… God can find no place in us then, for with this poverty we attain that which we have eternally been and shall forever remain. Here God is one with our spirit. And this is poverty in its ultimate form.‘
Whew! Where have you been carried, O congregation, clustered in your sombre north-European church of unheated granite to listen to the words of the most revered spiritual guide of your era the previous 15 or 20 minutes? – where has this Meister borne us, to what eternal shore, and what remoteness from the pat moralities and pastoral comfortings of the Christian precepts to which our family, or village or parish community has habituated us?
And with what charm, what twinkling insouciance, does he bring this particular sermon to a close! – ‘If anyone can’t understand what I have told you, don’t worry. For as long as anyone is not equal to this truth’ – we might say, attuned – ‘he or she will not understand my words, since this is a naked truth which has come direct from the heart of God.’
Remarkably to us here, in our 21st century, to our little group in St George’s Campden Hill, in a European megalopolis of unprecedented cultural and spiritual diversity, various of our fellow-citizens can come closer to grasping, or being grasped by, the meaning of what Eckhart was by way of telling us than the average citizen of Cologne seven centuries ago. Historically our quasi-Christian civilisation has travelled so far – survived the dire schisms of the Reformation, the polarities of Rome and Protestantism, we have sailed the sceptical seas of the Age of Reason; known the vicious anti-clericalism of revolutionary Europe from 1789, the Copernican and Darwinian assault on the biblical presumption of Man’s created uniqueness and his cosmically absurd proposition of our planet’s centrality in the universal order. We are outliving the facile ridicule of the atheists and here, in this building, the breathless distractions of commercial sybarism blinding us as to who we are.
‘Here God is one with our spirit,’ Eckhart has told us from his own lived experience. What spirit, in the check-out queue at Marks & Spencer – what spiritus, anima, pneuma, nous, mens, what soul? ‘Oh Grandpa’, various of my worldly-wise descendants accost me, maybe on my setting out for church – ‘I don’t believe we have a soul.’ To which my reposte is swift: ‘Nor do I. We don’t have a soul. We are soul.’ And they are brought up, to frown in silence. Soul whose oneness to which we have seen our Meister dare to assert oneness with God, is today is a term of dubious validity, out in Notting Hill Gate, even if here in this building we can’t take a single pace without invoking it.
Let us now look briefly at what Eckhart had to say of soul.
Eckhart no less than today’s Christians makes use of the word to mean that of any one of us which is of the divine; of the eternal and infinite. By ‘of’ the divine I mean ‘sourced from ‘ to ‘belonging to’, and hence ‘beholden to’. You may know that in mediaeval Christendom the term intellect was reserved for speaking of that faculty in Man responsive to God. This indispensable faculty was – I dare say – is soul as function. Eckhart knew soul as the ground of our being, site of the continuous rebirth of the Son in Man. Creation, he has concluded, is not a static, one-off event, but a continuous process, contemporaneous with the continuous rebirth of the Son or the Word. If the term ‘insemination’ had been in reach at that time I wonder if Eckhart might not have sometimes employed it for ‘birth’. For Eckhart says that soul-insemination comes by the spark or Finkelein, of the Word, the scintilla, repeatedly reigniting in the soul.
This metaphor of perpetual birth is repeatedly invoked by Eckhart and vital to our understanding. It is accorded only to those who ‘walk in the way of God’ and denied to the indifferent and undisciplined. It is no less than the grace of God at work, and the consequence of God’s inherent fertility which the Meister refers to as the God’s ebullitio – His ebullience, His ‘boiling over’ – in all that is ‘seen and unseen’ and specifically what Man, if Man allows it, can be reached by. This is grace as the self-communication of God at God’s initiative: that urgent potential in abundance. It is surely comparable to the Flowing Light of Godhead written of, under that title, by Mechthild of Magdeburg, a neighbouring town of Erfurt, half a century previously. Mehthild was the visionary authoress known to Dante, Eckhart’s contemporary across the Alps. Note her use of the concept ‘Godhead’, Gottheit – that Godness transcending the dimensions, beyond physical creation, and hence other than the popular notion of intervenient grace, what I call the Inshallah factor, which Eckhart does not rate at all.
God, then, to Eckhart, is ‘in’ the soul but not synonymous with the soul. Eckhart uses the metaphor of a mirror in a bowl of water reflecting the effulgence of the sun, the gottheit, or ‘godness’ of all that is. For Eckhart the distinction is vital, between, on the one hand, God, the Lord, participating in, acting, in the divine mystery, in the Christian and Biblical narrative, and on the other gottheit, the further ‘ godness’. Of Gottheit we can say all but nothing: Eckhart metaphorises Gottheit as ‘ocean’ and ‘cavernous depths’ in the being which are already present in potential – potential in which (I venture to say in quantum terms) actuality is implicit. God is simultaneously innomilabile – unnamable – and omninominabile – all-namable. We are again confronting paradox. We can talk about what God does, but not what God is.
Amid our silence, out of our kenosis, our personal void, there occurs the divine spark. We recall, don’t we, the ‘still, small voice’ of 1 Kings 19 in the experience of Elijah. The silence is attainable by the means of what Eckhart repeatedly calls Abegeschiedenheit, which can be inadequately rendered as ‘detachment’ yet with the overtone of ‘divestiture’; and with this the inner stance of readiness of Gelassenheit or Gelazenheit in his vernacular, the letting-go of the self albeit necessarily as the self reflected in my own foundational adage I have given you.
None of this is dry or cold or leaning to indifference. Meister Eckhart’s sermons and treatises are shot through with the functioning of love. ‘God loves the soul so mightily it is a wonder. If anyone was to rob God of loving the soul he would rob him of his life and being, or he would kill God, if one may say so.’ And ‘Jesus reveals himself… in infinite sweetness and richness, welling up and overflowing and pouring in from the power of the Holy Ghost with superabundant richness and all receptive hearts’. There is a passage where he describes a man experiencing the ‘Seventh Heaven’ of worship when a neighbour requires a bowl of soup: the bowl of soup takes precedence. His comments and concerns are scattered with the activity of love, above all on the part of God. He closes one sermon: ‘All sorrow and joy come from love. On the way, when I was to come here, I was thinking I could hardly bear to come because I would be wet with the tears of love.’
The purpose of the negation is action in the world within our reach. Rowan Williams has quoted in this context the 12th century monk William of St Thierry – ‘The Love of Truth drives us out of the world and the Truth of the Love sends us back into the world.’ To me, this is a prompting of my own call for the concept of ‘oscillation’ in the realm of spirit. Here too is love’s joy. ‘The soul [Eckhart says] will give birth to Christ when she laughs at him, and he laughs back.’ Have we not all known moments of such joy in the presence of love that it breaks into sheer laughter?
We in our time and our place can return, perhaps are returning, to the vessels of recognizably enduring truth. We in our century can work anew in confidence and faith the valid metaphor of story, witness and ritual such as the enduring religions still offer for continual reworking amid their evanescent counterparts of Yoga, diets, rootless meditation, fast-track zen, and drugs.
A further home-coined adage of mine vitally concerns the mystical goal of that Truth embedded in the heart of Man: At the bald peak the faiths meet. Unarguably that is so: Christian, Sufi, Saddhu, Taoist in whichever mode, the same dazzling enlightenment, same Truth attained. I could quote from around the world and across the centuries and I could find hearers of all such quotations right in our midst in this very city Kensington belongs to. Sometimes we call it a mode of pilgrimage, don’t we, but wrongly unless we qualify it with the phrase ‘at destination all the way’, for as the Meister stressed, God is immediately present, and no less so, by God’s grace, that self-same dazzling union, that breakthrough. Let us be clear. There is no sustained self-loss in its totality. It is an afflatus of wonder, visionary, from which (for example) the Jansenist Christian Blaise Pascal returned to earth after those brief ecstatic hours of what he named Cosmic Consciousness with the single word fire . . . as have others with comparable inarticulacy.
Be content to oscillate. Surely the Meister was. Here was the exemplar of spiritual life in constant demand to organize, adjudicate, arbitrate, caught up by the ruthlessness of international politics, yet maintaining the vision and inner serenity. His and our supreme exemplar is Our Lord himself. In Him we may say divine union was somehow present at whatever cost – ‘if it be possible let this cup pass from me’ – in parallel to the sustained accessibility of the union to which the disciples of Christ are enjoined: the constancy, ‘ I am the Way,’ he said of himself ‘and [simultaneously] the Truth, and the Life’ which are likewise now.
What is to be attained as a constant, is this yearning on the part of soul. Amid the seemingly conflicting variety of religious modes and scriptures, I often refer to scaffolding. In life-long travel and observation of my fellow men in the patterns of their worship and precepts of conduct I have become convinced of the relative rightness, dare I say truth, of our Christian scaffolding; the sheer symbolic efficiency. Eckhart himself was always a devoutly orthodox Christian. He never doubted the doctrinal purity of his faith, the Trinitarian Truth, or sought to defy the authority of the Church and his Dominican role within it.
That said, he was an adventurous polymath in his spiritual research, drawing avidly on all philosophy in reach of his late 13th and early 14th century Europe – from Plato and Aristotle then becoming tortuously available via dissemination in Arabic, from the Spanish Jewish sage Maimonides, from the Neoplatonists, as I have mentioned: Plotinus and Proclus, themselves drawing on gnostic thinking ignorant of Christianity yet belonging to the Roman world of the 2nd and 3rd centuries after the ministry of Jesus.
Our Meister was daring intellectually and verbally and his daring brought him trouble. It was to put at fearful hazard the survival for posterity of his own vital written contributions to mystical truth. So in conclusion let me come back to his life’s dénouement. He and certain of his loyalists crossed on foot or donkey the 600 miles of rough road from Strasbourg to Avignon. He was 66, and exhausted. The Papal Court of Inquisition into some 17 propositions extracted from his disseminated works had not been convened. His brief treatise The Nobleman was the chief source of his supposed heresy – his declaration, for instance, that ‘there is no distinction either in God’s nature or in the Person’s according to the unity of that nature. The divine nature is One and each Person is also one and the same One as the nature is.’ You can see what a heresy-hunter could do with that, snatched from its setting.
Before all this came before the Papal Court, the Meister was dead, perhaps not quite having reached Avignon. Nothing has come down to us of the circumstances. Pope John XXII could have let the whole case drop. Politically he couldn’t risk it: he required the unswerving loyalty of the two leading Archbishops, Henry of Cologne, John of Strasbourg, both fixed in their hostility to the ‘free spirit’ of mystical witness and to the authority of the Dominicans. That year, 1328, Pope John was desperate. Lewis of Bavaria had had himself crowned Holy Roman Emperor in Rome and had appointed his own inauthentic pope, Nicholas V.
In March 1329, the unprecedented trial of a dead man, Meister Eckhart no less, went ahead and a Bull entitled In Agro Dominico listing various Eckhartian statements as heretical was issued – though published only in Cologne. Yet it would do for Eckhart and his overt authority. Anyone with copies of his sermons and treatises was instructed to hand them in for burning. The dazzling scholar preacher, the daring explorer of the soul, became on the instant a non-man, his name unmentionable, wisdom formally expunged, reputation annulled.
Such truth is not so readily buried. Remember Calvary. The spiritual and intellectual truth Eckhart embodied lived on in secret, in textual copies of his work clandestinely hoarded; but also by the ministries of – most notably – two prominent mid-14th century theologians, Johannes Tauler and Heinrich Suso, who in turn bore unmistakable influence on Martin Luther in the next century. Those Eckhartian sermons, secretly passed from hand to hand, and generation to generation in what citizens of the Soviet Union of our own age would have called samizdat form, survived down the centuries. In the third quarter of the 19th century a German version of what could then be assembled was published. A century later, the Roman Catholic Church began warily to rehabilitate the intractable expositor and personal witness of Christ’s Truth.
Today a network of scholarship is globally at work, headed by the Dominicans, backed by the Anglicans, in universities and religious communities across the globe exploring and exposing the multi-faceted significance of that Christian teacher ‘from whom’ it has been said ‘God hid nothing’.
TS May 10/23, 2016
© Tom Stacey 2016 | <urn:uuid:a872e677-c1d2-4358-b782-0900e1571965> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tomstacey.com/on-meister-eckhart/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.970062 | 8,691 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Students have the opportunity to earn a Diploma in Medical Billing and Coding through Penn Foster College, beginning with the course Introduction to Allied Health. Students cover typical office duties such as telephone call management, travel planning, and task management. The students study litigation and its alternatives, as well as criminal law relating to the health profession. Students are expected to display proficient Word and Excel competency, as they will be working with applications dealing with word processing and spreadsheets. In Business English, students practice writing professional letters, memos, and forms, being careful to use proper grammar and sentence and paragraph cohesion.
Students study the body systems and learn correct terminology of the systems. In Basic Pharmacology, students receive training in learning the drug’s generic and trade names, as well as side effects and uses. Students are taught basic medical coding, including exploring ICD-9-CM and CPT manuals, and an introduction to the transition of ICD-1- coding. Students are training in cardiology, obstetrics/gynecology, radiology, laboratory work, inpatient coding, and pathology. Students utilize the application of the CPT and ICD-9-CM classification systems to code procedures and diagnoses.
Finally, students take a course in Electronic Medical Records, providing an overview on how to manage electronic medical records (EMRs). Throughout the program, students should learn EMR terminology, procedures, concepts and regulations, receiving hands-on training with an EMR.
Graduates of the program will now be eligible to receive a complete Certified Billing and Coding Specialist (CBCS) exam prep package (that they request), including an interactive study guide and practice test. This is in addition to the certification exam voucher they already receive.
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School Accreditation & Licensing
Penn Foster is accredited by:
Distance Education Accrediting Commission (DEAC)
Penn Foster High School, Penn Foster Career School, and Penn Foster College have all met the high standards of integrity and performance set by the Distance Education Accrediting Commission (DEAC), which is recognized by the U.S. Department of Education (USDE) and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA).
Penn Foster Career School is regionally accredited for non-degree granting postsecondary programs, and Penn Foster High School is accredited for grades 9 through adult, by the Commission on Secondary Schools of the Middle States Association for Colleges and Schools.
Penn Foster Career School has been accredited as an Authorized Provider by the International Association for Continuing Education and Training (IACET).
All Penn Foster programs are affiliated with DANTES, which qualifies U.S. military personnel for tuition reimbursement.
Program Requirements & Restrictions
Minimum EducationHigh School or Equivalent
Official High School Transcript/GED Score | <urn:uuid:afe5c738-6286-4d2f-9198-88942af8db16> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.geteducated.com/online-schools/penn-foster/medical-billing-and-coding-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.936654 | 580 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Successful company cultures manifest seven distinct characteristics as well. These are company cultures that indicate growth and an upward dynamic, and they are typically characterized by a high level of teamwork and engagement. Here are the seven characteristics of successful company cultures.
1. A purpose-driven company culture
Successful company cultures are company cultures in which employees have a clear sense of purpose; employees understand their immediate and long term goals. This is important, because an organization with purpose shifts people and resources forward in order to achieve goals rather than simply managing them, and achieving goals is what it's all about, isn't it? So purpose is a key ingredient for a strong, sustainable, scalable organizational culture.
It's more than that, though. Purpose is an inspirational driver for engaging employees and communities. When a leader establishes a clear purpose for the organization, it will become the inspirational driver for engaging employees and so provide them with a concrete source for motivation. In other words, the organization's strategies, capabilities, and culture become the engine behind the organization's purpose.
What's more, the connection between purpose and performance is clear. There's mounting evidence that aligning an organization with a higher purpose drives business results. A 2014 study by Deloitte found that an organization that focuses on purpose is an organization that inspires higher levels of confidence among stakeholders and one that boosts growth. Similarly, a 2010 Burson-Marsteller/IMD Corporate Purpose Impact study found that a strong and well-communicated corporate purpose can contribute up to 17 percent improvement in financial performance. And that's just in the short term. The longer-term benefits of having employees aligned with a strong sense of purpose are incalculable.
2. Effective communication patterns
Effective communication patterns within successful organizations have three main characteristics: clarity, courtesy, and proactivity.
Clarity is a vital element in effective communication, because it's important for messages and information to be transferred in a transparent, clear, and concise manner. This is true regardless of where the messages com: managers to employees or within teams. It's the clarity of these messages that allows them to be heard and processed by the receiver -- and that makes clarity invaluable! Often, people don't communicate their messages clearly enough, because they are afraid of upsetting people. They may be afraid to say what they really want to say, or they dance around the actual message, hoping to get avoid saying what they actually want to say. In organizations where employees express themselves clearly and safely, teams work together better, and productivity is increased as a result.
Courtesy is another important aspect of communication, as it allows for messages to be transmitted within an atmosphere of safety and respect. It manifests respect for the other person and gets the message across within the safe limits of that respect. In this way, feedback, information, and messages can be transferred with minimal concern for getting hurt or hurting others.
Proactivity is a yet another crucial aspect of an effective communication pattern, because the only way to conduct a productive discussion is to conduct a proactive one. In real terms, this means that all parties in the discussion are forward looking rather than engaging with the past, which leads to blame and accusations. A forward-looking discussion is based on the notion that whatever happened has happened, and it can't be changed, so the discussion is more centered on what we can do from this point going forward in order to reach our goals or operate better as a team.
3. A culture of feedback
Feedback is great for so many reasons, and fostering a culture of feedback is crucial to the success of every organization. Why? Because feedback pushes higher levels of performance. Creating an open, feedback-oriented company culture requires people to be receptive to giving and receiving feedback and to understanding when and how to give it. Feedback can come from many different people and places. These people or places could be internal or external, and the feedback could be about any aspect of organizational life, including leadership and vision, management and internal practices, and operations. A culture of feedback means not only that feedback is given and received but that it is given and received safely, clearly, and productively, with sensitivity to diversity of cultures, personalities, and situations.
4. Embracing diversity
Cultural sensitivity is the awareness of practices and cultures that are different from your own. A culture that embraces diversity has an awareness of different cultures, of how these cultures should be properly approached, and how to communicate with them accordingly. Leaders and team members evaluate how certain cultural differences affect how people work, communicate, and interact without judging, making assumptions, discriminating, or stereotyping.
A company culture that embraces diversity is centered on tolerance and acceptance of others, which fosters teamwork and a general sense of collaboration.
Creating, enhancing, and celebrating teamwork is at the heart of every successful company culture. A culture of teamwork focuses on team accomplishments rather than on individual accomplishments, encourages collaboration, and allows for tasks to be completed in a faster, better, and more efficient manner. One of the most common misconceptions about teamwork is that the success of a team is based on the personalities of the team members. The truth is that while personalities that work well together certainly make teamwork easier, the real success or failure of teamwork is derived from structure. Teams need to know what the expectations are and what the roles and rules are. Those need to be reinforced and clarified to all team members, and once this structure is in place, teamwork becomes much easier.
6. Engagement and loyalty
Employee engagement is a hot topic at the moment, and raising employee engagement has become one of the highest priorities for organizations around the world. The problem is that while leaders have come to appreciate the importance of having a fully engaged employee, they often have a very limited understanding of what really drives employee engagement and of how to actually maintain or even increase it. In the 1990s, William Kahn, professor of organizational behavior at Boston University, introduced the term "engagement" based on his observation that people have a choice as to how much of themselves they're willing to invest in their jobs. Kahn discovered that employees were far more emotionally and physically engaged when they experienced the following:
- Psychological meaningfulness: a sense that their work was worthwhile and made a difference.
- Psychological safety: a feeling they were valued, accepted, respected, and able to perform their job in a positive work environment.
- Availability: routinely feeling secure and self-confident in terms of their ability to perform their job.
Nearly twenty-five years later, these three elements remain at the heart of most theories of employee engagement. The most interesting fact as far as engagement is concerned is that pay isn't even on the list! While fair compensation will always be a key component of job satisfaction, the research shows us that it's not necessarily a day-to-day motivator of engagement. The conclusion for organizations everywhere is this: Employee engagement can never be bought; it must be earned.
7. Growth and development
Successful company cultures always offer their employees opportunities for growth, both in terms of training and in terms of their ability to grow as individuals or as teams -- acquiring new skills and, as a result, new possibilities. It's the manager's job not only to obtain the best possible performance from employees but to obtain the best possible performance from them while at the same time helping them to grow. Opportunities for growth are an incredibly determining factor in employee engagement, and there are various types of growth opportunities that companies can offer employees.
Motivated people who work hard would typically expect to move forward and upward in terms of their position. If they do not see any possibility for position-based growth at any point, it may decrease their engagement, and in some cases it may cause them to leave.
Engaged and motivated employees would also seek the opportunity to enhance their skills and improve their knowledge. People desire to feel that they are progressing as professionals and that their workplace allows for that growth.
Financial growth is important to employees, as it can act as an indicator of their value and worth to the company -- and of course, they hope to increase this over time. Lack of financial growth is perceived by employees as lack of growth in terms of their own value for the company, which may lead to disengagement and even increased staff turnover.
Employees perform best when the environment is growth oriented, which is an essential characteristic of successful company cultures. | <urn:uuid:84d77318-1fa4-4d14-a273-47be921ab2ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-seven-characteristics_b_11339884 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.967044 | 1,729 | 1.882813 | 2 |
When scuba divers are asked where they would like to dive next, Sudan generally does not arrive in the first countries quoted. This is due to the chronic political instabilities and civil wars that have shaken the country in recent years. But it’s 900 km coastline on the red sea have been completely preserved due to the above-mentioned events and consequently the lack of tourism and industrial fishing activity. In this amazingly well preserved scuba diving destination you will find intact reefs that are among the most beautiful in the Red Sea.
Where to dive in Sudan?
Immerse yourself in the footsteps of Cousteau
This explains why Commander Cousteau and his crew came to this deserted place to accomplish the second part of the Précontinent 2 mission and this is also why they film the movie “World Without Sun” in Sudan. It’s world-famous dive site allows visitors to admire the remains of the underwater houses, hangars and other depots used in this unique experience. Nearby, coral reefs and large drop-offs allows divers to dive with hammerhead sharks and gray reef sharks.
Searching for wrecks
The Sudan is also famous for sheltering, in its waters, one of the most beautiful wrecks in the world, the Umbria. This vessel traveled under the Italian flag and has been scuttled by its captain on June 9, 1940, when Italy officially entered in the war against the allies. This wreck still has, in its bowels, all its military cargo including vehicles, crates of ammunition and many other treasures. The most beautiful diving sites of Sudan are mainly visited by liveaboard in Sudan. The number of dive operators in Sudan is fairly limited, but they all provide a high quality service and a maximum safety insurance. The low number of divers also ensures optimum diving conditions with lush fauna and absolute tranquility.
When should we go diving to Sudan?
The dry climate of the country has very strong seasonal variations and temperature deviations, from 5 ° C in winter to over 40 ° C in summer. The rainy season usually last 6 to 8 months. It is therefore important to choose your period appropriately. We recommend going there between November and April.
The visibility is excellent in the red sea with peaks at 50 meters on some dive sites.
Marine currents do not cause problems during your immersion as there is little or no current on the vast majority of the diving spots of Sudan.
Required level: Before booking a liveaboard, you should check the level directly on the page of the cruise and the diving boat. The country presents an interesting challenge for all levels of divers with shallow reefs, drop-offs, wrecks or caves.
The temperature of the water varies between 23 ° C and 28 ° C depending on the period.
What can i see while scuba diving in Soudan?
Diving in Sudan is a dive into the history of the Red Sea as it was 50 years ago. Its coral reefs remain untouched, intact, sublime. Coral formations include soft corals, brightly colored hard corals, magnificent gorgonians, which, in this translucent waters, draw a picture in shimmering colors. In this magnificent scenery, there is an abundance of all the typical fauna of the Red Sea, from the biggest such as sharks, rays, napoleons, dolphins, dugongs, sea turtles, groupers, barracudas to the smalles such as butterfly fish, angel fish, emperor fish, flying scorpion, damselflies, fusiliers, platax, fish trunk, moray eels. Shark enthusiasts will be delighted as Sudan is a beautiful country to admire the great sharks. Diving in Sudan offer a new adventurous and amazing way to discover a very rich and protected underwater fauna but also wreck and vestiges of underwater houses projects. It is definitely a special diving trip that should not be missed. | <urn:uuid:5eadee09-d78e-4600-b2d5-cfd8dc1ce313> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.spotmydive.com/en/diving-destinations/review-diving-in-sudan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.941606 | 807 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Error handling in PHP
Prerequisite: Types of Error
PHP is used for web development. Error handling in PHP is almost similar to error handling in all programming languages. The default error handling in PHP will give file name line number and error type.
Ways to handle PHP Errors:
- Using die() method
- Custom Error Handling
Basic error handling: Using die() function The die() function print a message and exit from current script.
die( $message )
Note: Run the above code and geeks.txt file is not present then it will display an run-time error message.
PHP Warning: fopen(geeks.txt): failed to open stream: Permission denied in /home/dac923dff0a2558b37ba742613273073.php on line 2
To prevent this error use die() function. Below is the implementation of die() function:
Note: If geeks.txt file not present then it will display output.
File is not present
Custom Error handling: Creating a custom error handler in PHP is quite simple. Create a function that can be called when a error has been occurred in PHP.
error_function( $error_level, $error_message, $error_file, $error_line, $error_context)
Parameters: This function accepts five parameters as mentioned above and described below:
- $error_level: It is required parameter and it must be an integer. There are predefined error levels.
- $error_message: It is required parameter and it is the message which user want to print.
- $error_file: It is optional parameter and used to specify the file in which error has been occurred.
- $error_line: It is optional parameter and used to specify the line number in which error has been occurred.
- $error_context: It is optional parameter and used to specify an array containing every variable and their value when error has been occurred.
error_level: These are the possible error level which are listed below:
- 1 : .E_ERROR :fatal runtime error execution of script has been halted
- 2 : E_WARNING :non fatal runtime error execution of script has been halted
- 4 : E_PARSE :compile time error it is generated by the parser
- 8 :E_NOTICE :The script found something that might be an error
- 16 :E_CORE_ERROR :Fatal errors that occurred during initial startup of script
- 32 :E_CORE_WARNING :Non fatal errors that occurred during initial startup of script
- 8191 :E_ALL :All errors and warning
set_error_handler() Function: After creating myerror() function need to set custom error handler because in normal way PHP handles it but if user doing custom error handling then user have to set it in place of argument and pass out myerror function as a string.
Error: Division by zero Now Script will end
Conclusion: It is always try to error handling using Custom error handling because it will show more specified message according to the user that can be helpful to the user. If error is not handle using Custom error handling then a error occurred then out script will be halted by default but if it handle error using Custom error handling then it can continue script after displaying error message. | <urn:uuid:930a9d10-9966-48f6-af2c-0aedab1cd496> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/error-handling-in-php/?ref=rp | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.706305 | 735 | 3.375 | 3 |
This is Seal Harbor… part of Mount Desert Island, the same island with perhaps the better known town of Bar Harbor. This famous island on the northern coast of Maine is also the summer home of Martha Stewart. We went in search of a chance meeting with Martha and a peek at her famous house. Here’s what we found:
Isn’t this shingle house so pretty?
Well, it’s not Martha’s.
Take a look at this one:
I love the looks of this huge brown shingle style home.
Sorry, it’s not Martha’s house in Seal Harbor either… Both of those houses were in Bar Harbor.
Since we’re talking about Bar Harbor, here are a couple quick pics of the downtown area.
It looked really fun and cute, even on a super cloudy day, (usually the type of weather we go on day trips with, sunny days are for beach days)
Here’s another street in Bar Harbor:
Moving around the island to Seal Harbor, we happened upon this charming church:
Or it could have been Northeast Harbor, there are a lot of ‘harbors’ there and nothing is clearly marked, not even on the map, so I’m not positive which neighborhood it is in.
This is Seal Harbor: (I think)
It was actually much smaller than I expected.
I read in Architectural Digest on a spread they did about Martha’s house, ‘Skylands’, originally built by Edsel Ford, that it sits up above with a view down to Seal Harbor.
So looking across Seal Harbor, (again assuming it is Seal Harbor) back up the hill, one of those houses should be Martha’s!
As we headed up that hill in search of ‘Skylands’ it was a beautiful drive.
The heavy woods lend the land to a beautiful landscape of ferns:
In fact this whole forest above Seal Harbor was stunning in it’s natural mossy landscape. It felt like a huge fairy garden. I can see why Martha loves her faux bois… it totally fits in this setting!
So, we’re finally there…
Ok, I really don’t know for sure…
I think this may or may not be the entrance for Skylands.
It was tastefully done, in an understated way, with the plantings and rocks beautifully blending in with the landscape. The pair of lights flanking the driveway were in a 1920’s era style, so that could certainly fit with Skylands, the summer home of Martha Stewart, which was built in the mid 20’s.
It seemed like it really could have been the entrance to her house. The map was a little confusing, and her address, which was pretty hard to find, is a bit cryptic, which you can certainly understand.
The whole time we were looking for her house, (which was actually more about seeing the Bar Harbor and Seal Harbor area, than searching for her house… we just did that for a fun little drive up the hill.) but the whole time, I didn’t for a second feel envious of her millions, (billions?) in fact, quite the opposite… I felt sorry for her having to guard herself from people… that threat and concern that would never let one rest peacefully. No thanks! I would never want to be famous like that…
Once we were done in the Bar Harbor and Seal Harbor area, and headed back out of town, we were getting hungry for dinner.
We found this charming restaurant on the water. It had a fun. old style ‘supper club’ feeling to it.
That smaller building on the left is the ‘lobster kitchen’. That’s where a wood fire keeps the water boiling and they cook up the lobsters for the restaurant orders.
The restaurant has tons of windows as you can see that look out on the water.
This cute vintage sign was on the outside of the restaurant wall as we walked in.
Even though lobster are now regulated for size and sex etc. there are these amazing trophies we see every now and then:
Can you imagine the size of the lobster that belonged to these claws?!!
Though we didn’t hike around much, most people come to Mount Desert Island, not to search for Martha Stewart’s driveway, but for this:
Yup… to go to Acadia National Park.
The landscape in Bar Harbor and all the other neighborhood ‘harbors’ was beautiful and pretty different than the landscape in Southern Maine where we usually are. It was a fun day trip…
Maybe next time we’ll stay longer, and maybe we’ll even happen to run into Martha! 🙂
I appreciate you stopping by.
This post is linked up at: | <urn:uuid:c6ee17ca-6af1-4fed-be51-0141cfe0e363> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://simpledecoratingtips.com/2016/09/12/martha-stewart-could-be-here/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.969192 | 1,025 | 1.898438 | 2 |
Traditional masonry requires skilled workers, however, the amount of masons is rapidly decreasing.
HBlock is a solution that allows for unskilled workers to quickly build brick walls. The system consists of fibre reinforced polymer H-profiles and a post-cutting technique to create channels into bricks turning it into precisely dimensioned blocks suitable for dry stacking. Besides the ease and speed of construction, the projected benefits are circularity related; easy demounting and restacking of the bricks.
At The Green Village, students of Delft University of Technology from the BK minor Archineering, constructed the brick walls in the Cast Formwork System by Nadia Remmerswaal. To show the wide range of possibilities four different brick types have been used in different patterns. Designing and building the walls was part of the course. By connecting both shells of the cavity wall a stable and solid wall has been built.
Photo’s by: JJ Wassing | <urn:uuid:c42d8d83-1276-4a41-822b-f351e73a893f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thegreenvillage.org/project/hblock-minor-archineering/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.945576 | 194 | 2.515625 | 3 |
Temperatures in the UK are soaring in recent days with the Met Office issuing an amber weather warning for parts of England due to the extreme heat.
Because of the high double figures, which are rising above 20C, many people are finding it hard to concentrate during the day.
But whilst we need to take care of ourselves, we can't forget our four legged furry friends.
Because of this dog experts have now had their say in a bid to help owners, old and new, to keep their dog safe. And if you are travelling down south, you may experience the hottest day of the year.
So whether you're at home, in the office, on a road trip or camping - Pet Expert and Founder of Yappy.com, John Smith, has provided a list of essential tips for keeping your dog safe in the hot British weather.
Here's what you need to know...
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Dogs more at risk of a heatstroke
Dogs generally have poor cooling systems and can’t sweat like humans. Panting is the only way they can attempt to cool down but dogs with short muzzles have even less area to allow heat loss.
The dog breeds that are most likely to suffer from heatstroke are as follows:
- Chow Chow
- French Bulldog
- Dogue de Bordeaux
- Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
- Golden Retriever
- Springer Spaniel
Cooling down quickly
If your dog is panting heavier and faster than normal then take urgent medical action. Move your dog to a shaded area and offer small amounts of water.
Lie the dog on a wet towel and wet with tepid water, directing a fan on the dog or if you’re in the car, switch the air con on. This is the safest way to cool a dog down quickly. If the dog is really struggling, then you must call a vet immediately as every second counts – dogs can die in as little as 15 minutes.
Road trip rules
If you’re traveling with pets, try to plan a 30-minute pit stop for every three hours of driving, allowing your pooches to stretch their legs and get some essential fresh air. Ensure your pooch is completely secure by using a suitable car harness, seat belt, crate or other dog guard to prevent bolting from the car as soon as the door is opened in service stations and other unfamiliar environments.
Work, work, work
If you’re in the office or working from home, it may be too hot for a lunchtime walk - especially if temperatures are on the higher end of the scale. If this is the case, make sure there is plenty of ventilation and fans in the office to cool them down. Keep a damp towel on hand and pat your pooch down with it every so often when it gets a little too warm.
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As a rule of thumb, tents and caravans are around five to 10C hotter than the outdoors. So while it may be tempting to leave puppies in the shade, the rising heat can actually be even more dangerous than outside. Ensure indoor spaces are as cool as possible, with plenty of water available and never leave your pups inside unaccompanied. Cooling mats are a great investment and a great way to ensure your pup stays cool and comfortable even on the hottest of days. | <urn:uuid:e9cc486f-9c9e-42e3-82f8-ae8909f4c027> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.edinburghlive.co.uk/news/uk-weather-dog-expert-issues-24471014 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.938761 | 865 | 2.1875 | 2 |
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, the ‘biological clock’ in the human body is an intrinsic clock that ticks at the cellular level. This clock can be called as the timekeeper for the various forms of behaviour, physiological states, and functions carried out by each cell (1). The body clock or biological clock is also referred to as the circadian clock.
“Almost every cell in our body has a circadian clock,” said Salk Institute circadian researcher, Sachin Panda to Quanta Magazine. “It helps every cell to figure out when to rest, when to repair DNA, or to replicate DNA,” he added (2). By regulating one’s eating, sleeping, and exercising schedules, one can achieve optimum well-being. Thus, being in sync with your body clock is crucial to having a healthy body and a sound mind. Read more to know learn how to master your body clock!
The Early Morning Hour (6 AM To 9 AM)
Most people feel drowsy and sluggish in this part of the day. Slow metabolism and constricted blood vessels are the reasons behind the early morning blues. Taking a cold shower can put the body in a state of shock, thus reviving it and shrugging off that drowsiness.
Vigorous exercising may not be a great idea as it leads to a steep rise in one’s blood pressure. Interestingly this is the part of the day when heart attacks are most frequent. In case you are on a weight-watching regime, get on the weighing scale during this time for accurate results.
The Mid-Morning Hour (9 AM – 12 PM)
Most people are high on physical energy, high on mental concentration, and highly creative as well focussed in this part of the day. This time is great to take up that pending math homework, write, read or even compose a piece of music. Grab this period to do tasks that need your sharpest intellect rather than wasting it on mundane chores.
Pick this time slot for that upcoming interview to put your best foot forward. Since the interview panel would also be high on energy and concentration, it would turn out to be an interesting rendezvous. Body balance and muscular flexibility are best in this time frame.
The Afternoon Hour (12 PM – 2 PM)
This time is to fuel one’s body with a hearty and healthy lunch. The body can turn food into energy well at this time of the day.
The ‘Coffee Break’ Time (2 PM – 3 PM)
Most people feel a drop in their energy and concentration levels after a hearty afternoon meal. The slow pace of the body’s metabolism causes this feeling. It is time to get up and take a short walk or, even better, grab a cup of masala chai or coffee!
The Best Time To Nap (3 PM – 4 PM)
Your boss wouldn’t agree but this time is the best for a short and energizing nap. Taking a short snooze can do wonders that a cup full of caffeine can’t. So, go ahead and treat yourself to some siesta!
The Evening Hour (4 PM – 7 PM)
As you begin winding up a busy working day, remind yourself to work out as it is most beneficial in this period. It has been observed that performance of athletes rises by almost 10% at this time. Cardiovascular and muscular strength is at the best between 5 PM – 6 PM, which is optimum for cardio and weight training exercises.
Blood circulation is also at its best, as the dilation of blood vessels is at its highest at this hour. Lungs too work at their highest efficiency, which means it is indeed the best time to sweat it out. Very few heart attacks have been recorded at this hour as compared to the early morning hour. Flexibility is highest too. I am sure you don’t need more reasons to hit the gym at this hour, do you?
The Dinner Hour (7 PM – 10 PM)
One must ideally have dinner during this period. Foods rich in fat and spice must ideally be avoided for consuming such foods may disturb one’s sleep. At this point in time, the liver starts to shut down. Hence consuming heavy carbs at this hour would be a sure shot way to increase that bulge. An early dinner followed by a warm shower between 9 PM – 10 PM is the best way to relax those tired muscles.
The Late-Night Hour (10 PM – 12 PM)
Time to snuggle in bed for most! This is when one’s body temperature drops and the hormones that induce sleep rises. Most of us will be happily dreaming at this hour and sleep will have completely taken over us.
If a person is unable to sleep now (for some reason), it is advisable to take a generous amount of morning sun for better health.
The Hour Past Midnight (12 AM – 3 AM)
It would be abnormal if one doesn’t feel tired and sleepy at this hour unless it is because of jet lag. Most people are in deep sleep and it would be a very bad idea to drive at this hour.
The Wee Hours (3 AM – 6 AM)
Metabolic activities are at the lowest point at this hour. Blood pressure is at an all-time low while the skin cells get repaired in this hour. In fact, this would easily be dubbed as the ‘beauty sleep’ hour! Most normal deliveries are recorded at this hour.
The above-mentioned steps do not translate to superhuman efforts for sure. All one needs to do is to stick to schedules and listen to one’s body. Let us take baby steps to keep up with our body clock and live healthier, smarter, and energetic lives. | <urn:uuid:106c9f86-92f9-49ae-be63-dc785b954451> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.stylecraze.com/discover/master-your-body-clock/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.957204 | 1,199 | 3.109375 | 3 |
The poet and teacher Dave Smith once told me that he tried, always, to approach his students' writing with generosity and humility. That impressed me then, and continues to impress me, as exactly the right way to approach all writing. Clearly, B. R. Myers ("A Reader's Manifesto," July/August Atlantic) would not agree, as is obvious from his cranky and embarrassingly meanspirited attack on contemporary American literary fiction. Though the piece is so essentially foolish that it's impossible to work up any genuine outrage over it, I did want to respond to one small bit of Myers's carping. Early in the essay he criticizes a phrase in which Annie Proulx thanks her children for putting up with her "strangled, work-driven ways." He finds the phrase incomprehensible. The use of the word "strangled," he writes, "makes no sense on any level." Actually, as anyone compulsively driven by the need to work will understand immediately, it makes obvious sense. It's an implied metaphor, and it's hardly difficult to understand. To be relentlessly driven to work cuts one off from the rest of life. It's as if the need to work had a strangling effect, making it impossible to breathe easily and live life fully. If that "work-driven" state is a regular condition of life, then certainly the victim's "ways" can appropriately be described as "strangled." That Proulx can toss off such a phrase makes her a good writer. That Myers can't comprehend it makes him a weak reader. That he feels free to lecture us for being naive enough to admire Proulx's writing—in a tone that sounds for all the world like the howling of a frustrated writer—is sad and, of course, pretentious.
Finally you have published something that reflects the thoughts and feelings of the intelligent but long-suffering reading public. B. R. Myers's "A Reader's Manifesto" caught the way many of us feel about the warped "literary" language of the modernist and postmodernist authors who have been foisted on the public by critics and Ivy League snobs.
My only regret is that Myers did not finish the job by also dealing with these "critically acclaimed" authors' lack of ideas and heart, as well as plot and clarity. As for me, I will stick to the canons of Romanticism, for there one can feel beauty, the sense of an ideal, and a reason for hope, rather than despair.
Studio City, Calif.
I had read fifteen pages of B. R. Myers's sixteen-page diatribe against modern fiction before arriving at the perfect bit of figurative language to describe what he was doing: "continuously darning the air in one spot."
Although B. R. Myers is provocative and has a number of valid criticisms about the mysterious ramblings of many contemporary writers, I must take issue with his criticism of the passage from Snow Falling on Cedars. I am a person with a handicap similar to that of the character described, and I found this to be an extremely accurate description of some of my thoughts and feelings relating to my situation. I had hoped that other readers might have experienced some empathy for this character based at least partly on David Guterson's sensitive portrayal. I am sorry that Myers chose to completely miss its message, and I hope that he is not this cruel in real life.
Ann Arbor, Mich.
W hat B. R. Myers ignores is that literary style is not a pose or mere ornamentation. It is the writer's means of looking at the world and making sense of it. Updike's metaphors transform Rabbit from the middle-class mundane into the mythical; DeLillo's fractured sentences mirror the distortions produced by the culture of consumerism and technophilia; Morrison's biblical cadences endow the humble with dignity. Hewing to the straightforward is good advice for undergraduates; writers of talent, however, know how to create and exploit whole universes of expression beyond this narrow range.
New York, N.Y.
After finishing B. R. Myers's scathing condemnation of so many books I mistakenly found enjoyable, I felt I might never read modern fiction again. But, ever hopeful, I marched off to my local library in search of a title by Myers. Alas, nothing.
All bashing aside, I would love to see Myers's list of the ten to fifteen all-time greatest works of fiction. I would promise to read them all.
Michael E. Zuller
Great Neck, N.Y.
"A Reader's Manifesto" reminds me of how Winnie-the-Pooh failed to trap a heffalump. The best critique of affected style at the expense of credible content is still Mark Twain's putdown "Fenimore Cooper's Literary Offenses." The faults Myers laments have been common in fiction at least since Homer, perhaps since the Gilgamesh Epic. We fail to observe them in past literature only because bad writing gradually disappears from the shelves of later readers, except a few literary antiquarians.
In its weirdness, its insistence on fighting battles against no opponent, B. R. Myers's essay is troubling. His critique of some elements of the styles of several authors need not be a dismissal of the whole of literary fiction, no matter how prominent those authors may be, and even if their "pretentiousness" could be found in the work of a handful of other writers. If Annie Proulx goes a bit far in attempts to keep language vibrant and surprising, and even if Cormac McCarthy wants to tell us all that he doesn't understand Henry James, this doesn't represent a widespread disavowal of classic literature. If the idea that "contemporary fiction possesses greater relevance" than the work of, say, Joseph Conrad is really prevalent (which is debatable), that doesn't mean that anyone questions the overall value of reading classics, or that people are reading DeLillo more than Bellow.
Sure, the "reorientation toward tradition" that Myers calls for could do a lot for fiction, but it's been present all along in the works of many writers—or at least, it's fair to say, a lot of respected authors have straightforward styles and emphasize narrative over the "postmodern" trappings Myers is opposed to.
What Myers's evidence points to is an excess found in the work of some writers, some disturbing trends, and perhaps a lot of permissiveness in a handful of critics. But why does Myers think that winners of big awards are representative of an art form as a whole? And that the only voice commenting on contemporary fiction is that of The New York Times? If he is exasperated with what the heavyweights valorize, he should stop conferring power on them by implying that their voices, and the voices of a few big authors, speak for an entire genre. If he looks around, he can find contemporary works to supplement his "books that Cormac McCarthy doesn't understand."
Thank you for the delightfully clear prose in "A Reader's Manifesto." B. R. Myers's raging against the current literary tide was entertaining, thoughtful, and necessary.
B. R. Myers replies:
"Strangled, work-driven ways" is an unsustained metaphor uncannily similar to one example used in Fowler's Modern English Usage—namely, "stunted and sterilized" means of education. Some nouns simply do not work with metaphorical adjectives.
D. Horn will remember that I criticized David Guterson's depiction of the handicapped character for its form and not its content. As for real-life cruelty, Guterson has gone on record in The Washington Post as saying, "I make recreation out of taking the life of small birds."
Dan Cryer misinterprets "A Reader's Manifesto" as a demand for straightforward prose. I can only refer him to the last paragraph of the introduction, in which I distinguish between the "good Mandarin" of Joyce and Woolf and the "crude affectation" of today's mediocrities. I should also point out that none of the excerpts in the essay evinces complex prose, and that I conclude with a declaration that I will sit out the current malaise by reading writers such as Proust and James. At first I was surprised that anyone could have read the essay so inattentively as to miss all this. Then I remembered: Mr. Cryer is a literary critic.
Three cheers for Brooke Allen, for deflating the myth of the evil chain bookstore ("Two—Make That Three—Cheers for the Chain Bookstores," July/August Atlantic). Most of the people bemoaning Barnes & Noble (with its sinister café) are urbanites who are used to great big-city bookstores. I am not: I grew up in a dreary suburb of Miami, with nothing but an ill-organized Waldenbooks and a few Christian bookstores nearby. When Barnes & Noble arrived, it was better than manna falling from heaven. The health section was suddenly more than a mishmash of bad cookbooks. The philosophy section was no longer a dumping ground for The Book of Mormon, but actually contained philosophy. Far from crushing individuality, chain bookstores rescue (and I speak from experience) suburbia from literary mediocrity: there's enough space to stock Danielle Steel and Günter Grass. Nor has the charm of the small bookstore been lost: it was never there to begin with. Have you ever been in a small bookstore? After you walk in, the manager will come from the back and watch you thumb through the two or three books worth reading, and give you a dirty look when you leave empty-handed. Some charm. The blessing of the big chains is the anonymity they confer: reading is a solitary hobby, and the chains rightly leave you alone with your Danielle Steel, your Günter Grass, and your overpriced café latte.
Brooke Allen makes a good case for the large chain bookstores. I frequently shop at both Borders and Barnes & Noble, and rarely have I been disappointed (although Borders does not have a biography section). I have even bought books online. In San Antonio the large chains concentrate their many stores on the north side of town, where the more affluent reside. This leaves the south, east, and west sides with no bookstores at all. The snobbery lies not with the independent stores' clientele but with the major chains, who think that the book-buying public lives on only one side of town. Red-lining is not limited to insurance companies. So two cheers may be called for, but until the large chains enrich the cultural life of all the residents of San Antonio, the third should be withheld.
Robert A. Shivers
San Antonio, Texas
I have availed myself of the vast selection of the local (Poughkeepsie) Barnes & Noble, and yes, it is a great convenience to walk into such a place and know that if a book is in print, it's probably there. But the advent of the Barnes & Noble meant the demise of Fiddler's Green, in Hyde Park, whose folkie owner carried a CD section devoted entirely to folk music and pushed back some of his shelves most Friday nights for folk-music concerts by both local and nationally known talent, thus much enriching the local cultural scene. In a perfect world both would prosper, but short of that, I would still prefer fewer chains and more independents. With the advent of the Internet—and vast numbers of used-book stores—it is no longer necessary for the local bookseller to stock everything.
After reading Brooke Allen's article about chain bookstores, I remembered a visit to one of the vast shopping malls in Minneapolis a few years ago. Our older son was at that time interested in the institution of slavery in the United States, so I wanted to give him a copy of Uncle Tom's Cabin. I went to the counter in a chain bookstore and asked the young lady there if Harriet Beecher Stowe's book was in stock. Pointing to a distant corner, she said (this is true), "Yeah, you'll find it over there under 'Architecture.'"
C. F. Nielsen
Jeffrey Tayler, in "Russia Is Finished" (May Atlantic), offers a portrayal of Russia that uses a misunderstanding of current realities to reach extremely unlikely predictions about the country's future.
Since the beginning of Russia's transition to a market economy, journalists working here have repeated ad nauseam the idea that in order to do business in Russia it is necessary to have a "roof," or protection. I have been doing business in Moscow for five years now, and I still cannot explain why journalists and freelance writers cling to this conviction in the absence of confirming evidence.
The businesses I have operated or invested in include food processing; pharmaceutical distribution, both wholesale and retail; gasoline wholesaling; financing and marketing steel products; export of rubber and related chemicals; production of auto parts; and oil exploration and production. I have never made a payment to a "roof," nor have I ever been solicited for such a payment.
One of the pillars of Tayler's argument is that such payments are an integral part of the Russian economy. He writes, "It has been estimated that 80 percent of Russian businesses pay dan' ("tribute," or protection money), to a krysha ("roof," or racket), but the real number is probably higher; one may assume that any business operating openly has a krysha." If I am doing anything, I am operating openly. Our business headquarters are in central Moscow, ten minutes' walk from one of the city's busiest areas, Pushkin Square. Our security measures are as follows: all visitors are required to sign in at the front desk. According to Tayler, gangsters should be lined up around the block to shake me down. Where are they?
I am aware of the use of the word dan' by journalists, including some who have written for The Atlantic, but I have never encountered it in daily life. Since I am involved in more than five businesses, I must assume I should be paying someone dan'. Why am I not?
Perhaps businessmen operating in Moscow are a more reliable source of information on business conditions in Moscow than are freelance writers.
Another pillar of Tayler's argument is that Vladimir Putin's plans will wreck the Russian economy—if any economy is left here to wreck.
Putin became acting President of Russia at the beginning of 2000. Since then the top income-tax rate has been cut from 35 to 13 percent; revenue taxes have been cut from four to one percent; central-bank reserves have risen from $10 billion to $30 billion; the stock market has rallied; and the economy grew last year by 8.3 percent, faster than China's. The government budget ran a surplus for the first time since the Romanovs. Russian corporations are expected to pay more than $1 billion in dividends this year. Tayler's verdict? "Putin's plans ... amount to a national death sentence."
How can someone be so wrong and still be in print?
Jeffrey Tayler replies:
Businessmen operating in Moscow, as anywhere else, may be counted on to protect their own interests and to provide self-serving assessments of local conditions. This was certainly the case before the financial crisis of 1998 hit Russia, and John Haskell's letter shows that nothing has changed. I know nothing of Haskell's businesses in Moscow, and cannot comment on them. I based my description of the prevalence of such crime in Russia on my experience as co-manager of a security company in Moscow, and also on eight years of residence in and travel around Russia, from Magadan, in the east, to the border with the Baltics, in the west. In certain spheres foreigners (who account for an insignificant percentage of businessmen in Russia) have been targeted for extortion less often than Russians have, though they are especially vulnerable in businesses with heavy cash flows, such as nightclubs and restaurants, and suffer repeated, much-publicized violations of shareholder rights at the hands of unscrupulous Russian partners. That contracts in Russia are often unenforceable without the proper "roofs" and connections remains a significant impediment to foreign investment. This has all been thoroughly documented.
I cannot explain Haskell's never having encountered the word dan', but one possibility is ignorance of Russian—a distinguishing characteristic of many Western businessmen in Russia. There are other slang terms for such payments, but dan' has historical relevance; it means both the payments that mafiya "roofs" extort from their victims and the money paid by subjugated Slavs to Mongol overlords in the Middle Ages.
In citing my reference to the death sentence Putin is imposing on Russia, Haskell omits key words and misapplies the quotation. What I said in full was, "Putin's plans to strengthen the state (at least as he envisions it), if carried out, would amount to a national death sentence." As regards the economy, Haskell's contentions mix the sort of ignorance and gullibility for which Westerners doing business in Russia have become famous among Russians. The rich alone benefit from the flat tax, which amounts to a tax increase for the vast majority of Russians: poor Russians once paid 12 percent; now they pay 13 percent. The stock-market "rally" stems in great measure from high oil prices (and the concomitant increased share prices of Russian oil companies; Russia is the world's third largest producer of crude oil), as do the growth in the central bank's foreign-currency reserves and the rise in GDP. Haskell might like to know that the Russian government's own economic-development program conflicts with his optimism and forecasts a drop in annual growth of GDP from 8.3 percent to 2.6 percent by 2003, continued double-digit inflation and unemployment, falling exports, and minimal increases in foreign investment. Capital flight continues unabated.
Do the races exist? As a philosopher who counts vague adjectives' semantics as a research interest, I was intrigued by Jake Sibley's remark in the July/August Letters about Steve Olson's "The Genetic Archaeology of Race" (April Atlantic). Racial and biological groups "do not exist," Sibley argues, because "genetic and physical ... variations in the human population occur across a continuum."
In particular, I wonder whether his argument might not prove a tad too much. For consider: animals' life cycles unfold in continuum fashion—a fact that no doubt makes framing uncontroversial definitions of "living" and "dead" an elusive goal. Yet to conclude on this basis that death "does not exist," or that a parrot can't really be dead, has the sobriety of an all-too-familiar Monty Python skit.
In his article "Graham Greene's Vatican Dossier" (July/August Atlantic), Peter Godman does a great service by revealing two currents within the Roman Curia: a censorious and militantly vigilant one, represented by Cardinal Pizzardo and the Holy Office (now the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith), and one represented by Cardinal Montini, which is more able to respond to the ambiguities of the human situation without compromising religious truth. In Graham Greene's case the outcome, if not entirely happy, was relatively harmless.
Montini's assistance is characterized as "wise counsel from an unexpected source." I must disagree with that characterization of Montini's intervention. No one closely familiar with the life and ministry of Giovanni Battista Montini, from the start of his career in the Curia through his work as pro-secretary of state, archbishop of Milan, and Pope, would find such counsel to be unexpected. In fact, such action was the norm for this gifted, intelligent, and wise man. His oft-stated conviction was that the truth was apparent to the human mind, needed no defense, and would win out in the end.
Would that we had individuals of Montini's ability, disposition, and vision in the Church today.
Steven C. Moore
To describe Sylvia Plath, Anne Sexton, and Robert Lowell as having had "sojourns" at McLean for "needed respites" is insulting to those who have lived in the fire of bipolar disorder ("The Mad Poets Society," by Alex Beam, July/ August Atlantic). Psychiatric hospitalizations are hardly "sojourns" or "needed respites." To describe Robert Lowell as a "repeat user" and Anne Sexton as "never [having] had her ticket punched at McLean" is to grossly trivialize the anguish of repeated miserable psychiatric hospitalizations and the anguish of never having had the treatment you think might have been effective. Beam's choice of word and phrase betray an open hostility to the mentally ill and the artistically gifted.
La Grande, Ore.
In his "As American as Women's Soccer?" (June Atlantic), Scott Stossel made the daft assertion that because women goalkeepers typically are smaller than their male counterparts, "there's more scoring in the women's game." This is not true. If height were the key factor in keepers' effectiveness, they would be the size of basketball centers. They are not, however; agility and anticipation are more important than height. Moreover, although a typical woman might not be able to reach as far as a man, this advantage to the offense is balanced by myriad other factors, such as the fact that women's shots on goal tend to travel more slowly. In fact, one problem plaguing the new Women's United Soccer Association in its first couple of months was a dearth of goals—by my count, in late June WUSA was averaging 2.69 goals per game, whereas the men's Major League Soccer was averaging 3.17 per game. Women's soccer may be admirable for many reasons, but more goals is not among them.
Paul Boudreaux Jr.
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Mental disorders: Nigeria ranks 30th most suicide-prone worldwide; yet healthcare systems keep failing citizens
Adejoke* is a single mother and a full-time journalist living in Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria. In 2015, she was diagnosed with clinical depression, after submitting herself to a psychiatric examination several months after feeling as if her world was ending “for absolutely no reason.”
By March 7, 2018, it would be three years since knowing that she has been living with depression since she was a child, she told this reporter. According to her, as long as she could remember, she had always known that something was wrong with her but since she couldn’t place it, she thought it would go away. But it didn’t.
“I was eight when I first thought of killing myself. I still do sometimes. I wondered what life would be at the other end and I asked pastor what was waiting at the end for people who committed suicide. He said it was hell, but didn’t go further than that. Since I didn’t want to go to hell, I thought better of ending my life. That and the thought of damage to my beautiful child keep me from ending my life to this day. It is a constant struggle,” she said, sighing.
Continuing, “I remember being under a dark cloud for most of my childhood. I will tell you this; I had the most interesting childhood any child in Nigeria could have. My parents aren’t typical Nigerian parents. They are big on education and religion which meant that I was exposed to both worlds as a child. We also travelled a lot, which was pretty exciting. I think I got the passion for journalism from my parents, who are well read, especially my father who is the most curious human being alive; and from my mother, whose pure heart for helping people also must have played a big role in my choice of journalism for a career, much to their dismay,” she said, laughing.
As happy as her childhood was, she always felt a sense of “overwhelming sadness” and “didn’t know what to do with it. I didn’t think much of it though, partly because I thought it was the same with everyone and mostly because I didn’t want to trouble my parents. I am the first child, you see and it being responsible and protective of everyone around me sort of came with the territory. I have to say though, in hindsight, no one asked me to protect them.
Being a full-time journalist and a single mother living with depression is hard sometimes, she said. “A lot of the time I struggle with work and I can’t talk to anyone about this except my therapist, who I don’t see quite as much as both of us would like. Did you know that a session costs between N5,000 and N15,000 in Nigeria?! A session is typically an hour a week. For someone who is living on a budget, that is quite a lot. So most of the time, I make hard choices between feeding and clothing my child and my own mental health care. When it feels overwhelming, which it does a lot of the times, I cry and find a temporal relief till I am able to save up and see my therapist. It has been quite hard, I tell you but I am grateful, I am here,” she added, smiling faintly.
“Mental disorders account for one of the largest and fastest growing categories of the burden of disease with which health systems must cope, often accounting for a greater burden than cardiovascular disease and cancer,” the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD said in a 2011 report, Sick on the Job? Myths and Realities about Mental Health and Work. Depression, a UK-based Mental Health Foundation, said: “is a common mental disorder that causes people to experience depressed mood, loss of interest or pleasure, feelings of guilt or low self-worth, disturbed sleep or appetite, low energy, and poor concentration.” It is “different from feeling down or sad,” it went on to say on its website, adding: “Unhappiness is something which everyone feels at one time or another, usually due to a particular cause. A person experiencing depression will experience intense emotions of anxiety, hopelessness, negativity and helplessness, and the feelings stay with them instead of going away.”
By WHO data, at least “one in four people in the world will be affected by mental or neurological disorders at some point in their lives,” placing the total number of people “currently suffer from such conditions” at 450 million worldwide. The implication being mental disorders is “among the leading causes of ill-health and disability worldwide.” There are no specific data on the number of all people suffering from mental disorders; however, available statistics from the WHO indicates that there are 130 psychiatrists to a population of 174 million in Nigeria; placing Nigeria 30th most suicide-prone out of 183 nations in the world, at 15.1 suicides per 100,000 populations per year.
A maddening problem
“Around 20 per cent of the world’s children and adolescents have mental disorders or problems,” WHO said, which is an alarming rate since most of the children who bear the brunt of mental disorders are children in poverty, as researchers have shown. What is more? Over 800,000 people die every year from the world’s second leading cause of death among 15-29-year-olds – suicide; 75 per cent of which occurs in low- and middle-income countries, according to WHO.
In emergency situations such as conflicts, wars and disasters as Nigeria is currently witnessing in the Northern parts and the Middle Belt of Nigeria, “rates of mental disorder tend to double”, widening the inequality gap “in the distribution of skilled human resources for mental health.” Shortages of “psychiatrists, psychiatric nurses, psychologists and social workers are among the main barriers to providing treatment and care in low- and middle-income countries. Low-income countries have 0.05 psychiatrists and 0.42 nurses per 100 000 people. The rate of psychiatrists in high-income countries is 170 times greater and for nurses is 70 times greater,” WHO added. In Nigeria, the number of mental health practitioners providing healthcare to sufferers is significantly low; and the budget for mental health care systems virtually non-existent. For instance, Nigeria’s health sector got only 3.9 per cent of the total budget at N340 billion, dipping by 0.27 per cent from 2017.
Nigeria needs, therefore, “much more funding into the mental health care system in terms of more resources being made available to not just exclusively mental health hospitals but putting a focus on mental health care in the primary health centres and other secondary institutions,” Dr Victor Ugo, founder, Mentally Aware Nigeria Initiative, said in an emailed interview. “The responsibility for action lies with governments,” WHO said, adding: “Currently, more than 40 per cent of countries have no mental health policy and over 30 per cent have no mental health programme. Around 25 per cent of countries (such as Nigeria) have no mental health legislation.” To worsen the problem, “more than 33 per cent of countries of the world allocate less than one per cent of their total health budgets to mental health,” according to the global health organisation.
The implication, therefore, according to WHO, is that the “poor often bear the greater burden of mental disorders, both in terms of the risk in having a mental disorder and the lack of access to treatment. Constant exposure to severely stressful events, dangerous living conditions, exploitation, and poor health in general all contribute to the greater vulnerability of the poor. The lack of access to affordable treatment makes the course of the illness more severe and debilitating, leading to a vicious circle of poverty and mental health disorders that is rarely broken.”
Mental disorders in workplaces
According to OECD, “one in five workers suffer from a mental illness, such as depression or anxiety,” just as many of these sufferers “are struggling to cope.” In the United Kingdom, “15 to 30 per cent of workers will experience some form of mental health problem during their working lives,” WHO said, citing the United Kingdom Department of Health and the Confederation of British Industry reported. Estimates from the European Mental Health Agenda of the European Union (EU), put adult working population that has some type of mental health problem at any given time, at 20 per cent. In the USA, it is estimated that “more than 40 million people have some type of mental health disorder and, of that number, four to five million adults are considered seriously mentally ill.” The economic implication, therefore, is that the UK, 80 million days are lost every year due to mental illnesses, costing employers £1-2 billion each year; while the United States loses about “$30-40 billion and an estimated 200 million days lost from work each year” to treating depression alone.
There are no data on the cost implication of untreated mental illness in Nigeria to individuals and the economy, especially as it relates to unemployment which studies show has a “complex relationship” with mental illness, according to a study reported in the Journal of Community Psychology. As OECD put it, “increasing job insecurity and pressure in today’s workplaces could drive a rise in mental health problems in the years ahead,” as “in the current economic climate, more and more people are worried about their job security.” In the Journal of Community Psychology report, it was stated that “an analysis of employed respondents revealed that those who became unemployed had over twice the risk of increased depressive symptoms and diagnosis of clinical depression than those who remained employed.” It will be recalled that more than one million people were said to have lost their jobs in 2015 alone, in Nigeria.
*Adejoke’s name is changed to protect her identity.
This story is written as part of BudgIT Media Fellowship. | <urn:uuid:f7e46ac5-3635-4896-8379-1074bd94ced8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://tribuneonlineng.com/mental-disorders-nigeria-ranks-30th-suicide-prone-worldwide-yet-healthcare-systems-keep-failing-citizens/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.97196 | 2,125 | 1.828125 | 2 |
Are you an International Student?
Whether you are an EU national or a Non-EU citizen, deciding that you want to study in the UK is a big decision. But with some of the best Universities in the world, we can see the attraction when it comes to education in the UK.
But there is a lot of planning and organisation needed to prepare yourself for the big move. Some more important than others and some you’ll need to do in a specific order.
First of all how are you going to pay?
If you're an EU national you could be eligible for Student Finance in the UK. (which will cover your tuition fees and living costs (when you’re an undergraduate).
However if you’re a Non-EU national you won't be eligible.
And normally international students will end up paying more for their degree. Yearly tuition fees can be from £10,500 and anything up to £33,000. These fees will have to be paid upfront.
If the idea of a University degree from the UK is sounding a bit too pricey, there are other options…
Exchange programmes - Enroll at a University in your home country, on a degree which offers an exchange, to study in the UK for a year.
Other loans - Your home country may offer loans to students studying abroad but you’d have to check. Check out if these options would be possible- Study abroad loan (short term) or Foreign enrolled loan (long term).
Scholarships - There are lots of options, global, country or even university scholarships!
If you’re unsure of how much University will cost you and whether you’d need a bit of help from family members, this budget calculator will help you break down your budget.
Remember when applying for your Visa, you’ll have to prove that you can pay for your first year and tuition and at least 9 months of living costs (dependent on where your uni is).
So you've decided to apply. You need to login to UCAS and provide your passport number. After this you will need to provide proof of your English language skills. Then you can begin applying for UK Universities. All requirements for every university are different, but once you’ve received offers, you can accept anyone you want. And hey presto. Your going to Uni!
So if you’re from the EU, EEA or Swiss you wont need a Visa. Any other country and you’ll need to apply for a Visa, whether that be short-term (remember you can’t work on a short-term Visa) or a Tier 4 general student Visa. You can apply for your Visa 3 months before your course is due to start.
What you’ll need-
- CAS- acceptance from uni
- Proof of finances
- English language skills (SELT)
- Healthcare surcharge (not what you’ll need, but this is paid when applying for you Visa)
Preparing for life in the UK
Moving to a different country can be daunting. But with the Internet and Facebook, there are plenty of resources to find out exactly what it’ll be like to live in the UK.
Check out ...
Facebook Groups- Uni groups, International Uni groups, Your home country student groups
Forums/ Chats- there are plenty of forums where International students discuss their experiences and give advice to others.
University- email your uni, they will have lots of resources for international students which you’ll find super useful.
Blogs- there are so many students who have created their own blogs and vlogs, first hand experience is normally the best and most useful.
And also we’d recommend doing a bit of your own research, the weather, local transport, food, culture, and general day to day living.
So where are you going to live?
Please. Please. Please sort this before you arrive in the UK. You don't want to arrive with nowhere to live. However, don't panic. Student accommodation is probably one of the easiest steps in the whole process.
- What kind of room you want- Basic, en-suite, studio or apartment?
- Where do you want to live- On campus, close to uni or close to the city centre?
- What is your budget- decide on what you can comfortably afford
Visit the Student Living website to view the student accommodation we have throughout the UK.
Keeping yourself healthy
If you are an EU national, make sure you’ve got an EHIC card will cover any healthcare you receive in the UK. For Non- EU nationals you will have to pay a health surcharge as part of your Visa, normally costing £150, which will cover you for the length of your studies. However please be aware that this will not cover your for any expenses or losses you incur because of illness, you’ll need additional travel insurance to cover this.
Student Bank account
Setting up a student bank account is definitely worth doing. A UK bank account will mean you avoid conversion fees, changing exchange rates, difficulties with budgeting.
First of all, check if your bank account has UK branches, it would be much easier to swap branches and not banks entirely. However, do bare in mind that setting up a UK bank account can be a lengthy process and you won't be able to complete the whole process online. It would be a good idea to bring a prepaid card to cover your expenses for the first month of living in the UK.
What you’ll need-
- Valid Passport
- Valid Visa
- Proof of address in UK
- Proof of address in home country
- Proof of student status
- Proof of income
There is a good chance that your phone will work in the UK, but some phones from the US for example, won't, so you’ll need to get a new one. Student monthly phone contracts are normally the best value for money.
We would recommend that every non-UK student should get a new monthly SIM. This will provide you will cheap local calls, normally unlimited texts & calls. Some phone providers do offer great cheap international calls, research into this might prove useful.
Although there are plenty of options that only require the internet and that a FREE! Skype, Facetime, Facebook Messenger and WhatsApp, all of which have no time limit so you can call (and with some video) for as long as you family want too.
In UK cities there are plenty of options when it comes to public transport. Every city will differ but most will have buses, the metro, trams and bikes. All of which will offer student passes, which are cheaper and normally unlimited travel.
If walking is your thing (it probably is for most students, since its FREE), why not looking for student accommodation which has a convenient location, close to the city centre and the university.
For travelling a little further, there are trains, coaches and planes. Train travel is cheaper when booked in advance and runs regularly. Coaches are much cheaper, but can take twice as long and planes are the quickest option but generally the most expensive, but deals can sometimes prove cheaper than trains.
Working on a Visa is possible, but remember Non-EU nationals can only work up to 20 hours a week. EU nationals can work as much as you like.
Once you’ve got everything in place and organised so that you can study in the UK. It’s time to start preparing for the actual move to the UK.
- Check your move in date- everything student accommodation will be different
- Book your flights- book in advance to get the best deal, the dates and times that you want
- Get packed- we’ve got the ultimate packing list for every student (remember a lot of stuff can be bought this end once you get here)
- Decide how to get your luggage there- if you want to bring everything on your flight, remember to book extra luggage and consider transporting it to your accommodation in the UK. You could get your luggage shipped, it normally costs less, but remember to bring everything you’ll need for the first few days just incase your things get delayed. The third option is to bring all your personal and essential items with you but purchase everything ready for your arrival in the UK. There are companies and some universities which offer this service, with packages including bedding, kitchen equipment, which contain everything a student will need.
- Book transport from the airport- depending on your city you may be able to catch the metro or a bus, but some could be a little harder to reach, especially with a big suitcase.
And that’s it, you're ready to start Uni! Remember the really important steps like Visa, funding and insurance. If you forget a hat and a scarf, that can be sorted in the UK (you’ll need them too).
However, please remember this is a rough guide for international students. The rules and regulations may be different for various countries so please check your national countries guidelines for travelling to the UK for university. | <urn:uuid:a802452b-046d-435e-ba85-3f17ae4bd1ca> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.studentliving.sodexo.com/student-living/blog/article/international-students | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.943737 | 1,913 | 1.765625 | 2 |
National Parks in NSW
New South Wales has more than 780 national parks and reserves, which protect everything from rainforests and rugged bush to alpine woodland and Outback deserts. Here is a taste of what you can expect from a handful of others:
- Botany Bay National Park straddles two headlands at the entrance to Botany Bay in Sydney. It commemorates the site of first contact between the crew of James Cook's Endeavour and the Aboriginal people of Australia in 1770. Here you'll find remnants of the heathland vegetation that Joseph Banks, Cook's botanist, studied in 1770. One of Australia's most iconic plants, the banksia, was named after him. Enjoy the Cape Baily Coast Walk, with its windswept heaths and spectacular coastal views.
- North of the Hunter Valley is Barrington Tops National Park, a huge area of World Heritage-listed subtropical rainforest, chock full of staghorns, vines, and birds, as well as an area of subalpine woodland on the high plateau. The woodland is regularly snowbound in winter. There are a series of well-defined walking tracks.
- Just north of Port Stephens is Myall Lakes National Park, one of the state's largest coastal lake systems -- a Ramsar Wetland of International Significance. As well as a myriad of bird species, there are plenty of beaches and sand dunes.
- If you want space and solitude, rolling red-sand dunes, wide open blue skies, giant eagles, kangaroos, and emus, then the remote, arid Sturt National Park is for you. In the far western corner of New South Wales, it is a land of rocky tabletop hills, saltbush, remnant dry woodland, and occasional creeks lined with river red gums.
- Lovers of true wilderness will be happy that Wollemi National Park exists. Though it starts just west of the popular wine district of the Hunter Valley, this largest wilderness area in NSW is no tame forest. In 1994, a bushwalker stumbled across what became known as the Wollemi Pine. It caused a worldwide sensation -- it was supposed to have become extinct 200 million years earlier! There are also remarkable Aboriginal cave paintings hidden within this maze of canyons and cliffs. The Glow Worm Tunnel, another favorite attraction, is part of the old railway that serviced Wollemi; access is from Clarence on the Bells Line of Road, heading toward the Blue Mountains. Dunns Swamp also has easy walks.
Note: This information was accurate when it was published, but can change without notice. Please be sure to confirm all rates and details directly with the companies in question before planning your trip. | <urn:uuid:f3d91445-e9c0-4365-9b40-56a0a4c22d02> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.frommers.com/destinations/new-south-wales/attractions/overview | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.947549 | 566 | 2.78125 | 3 |
By Nancy Lovell
“Be bold. Be brief. Be concise.” E.B. White
Use your sentence’s two strongest places: at the end (primary emphasis) and the beginning (secondary). Softer ideas go in the middle.
Note: Think three times before wasting your beginning with “It is” or “There are.”
Correct: Although there are various reasons for paralysis such as injury, virus, or stroke, the message the body is giving is much the same.
Better: Paralysis has multiple causes—paralysis, virus, or injury, for example— but in every case the body’s message is the same.
Correct: There is no list on the page other than who brings coffee.
Better: Beyond who brought the coffee, the page has no lists.
Lose the qualifiers . . . really, very, pretty, quite, hugely. The right word needs no gilding. (From “How to Speak, How to Listen”: harness the power of understatement. When you overstate, gush, exaggerate, hyperbolize . . . people mentally discredit your claims.) Also, specifics lend credibility. (“Specificity is the soul of credibility.” Peggy Noonan)
Correct: We drove by this really big house.
Better: We passed a two-story Georgian McMansion.
. . . and be concrete. (“The surest way to arouse and hold the reader’s attention is to be specific, definite, and concrete.” E.B. White)
Correct: I can’t do my work very well because my husband got sick and I can’t concentrate.
Better: Since my husband’s heart attack last week, the computer keyboard blurs and the screen is a blank wall.
Avoid passive voice.
(E.B. White: “The habitual use of the active voice makes for forceful writing.”)
Correct: Their first visit to Boston will always be remembered by them.
Better: They’ll always remember their first trip to Boston.
(A guideline about contractions: use them.)
Correct: At dawn the crowing of a rooster could be heard.
Better: The cock’s crow came at dawn.
Correct: The reason he left college is that his health was failing.
Better: Failing health forced him to leave college.
Use strong verbs. Collect good verbs and keep them handy. Shoot for single-syllable and go from there: skip (pass right by), bolt (leave in a hurry), spike (shoot up quickly), unravel, diffuse, stir. As you review and edit, look for “buried” verbs, especially those ending in -tion. When you find one, uncover the root verb. Examples:
Correct: Mary Smith had obtained the school’s authorization to dance with the stars.
Better: The school had cleared Mary Smith to dance with the stars.
Correct: Anna felt she had an obligation friend Sue on Face Book.
Better: Anna felt obliged to friend Sue on Face Book.
Correct: Luciano was told by Clara that he had given a beautiful performance.
Better: Clara told Luciano he had performed beautifully.
State the negative as a positive:
(E.B. White: “Consciously or unconsciously the reader is dissatisfied with being told only what is not; the reader wishes to be told what is.”)
I don’t have any: I have no . . . I’m missing . . .
She didn’t ski very often: She seldom skied
He didn’t have any idea where to go next: He had no idea . . .he was lost
In every case, aim for short, strong words. One-syllable words have punch. In the same vein, avoid jargon, pretense, business-ese—any show-off words that alienate your reader.
Correct: “I believe this book is unique in its content,” Getz said. “The 1,500 principles are situated in a life-affirming presentation, adjacent to the ideas that were their inspiration, each featuring a question designed in a way to help the reader apply them wherever they are in life or location. Then, each principle may be transitioned by QR code to online resources to take the application even deeper.”
Better: “This book is one-of-a-kind,” Getz said. “Each of its 1,500 principles appears next to the text that inspired it. Next to that, a question helps the reader apply that idea to his or her own life. After that, the real treat: each principle links by QR code to an online video lecture—taking that life principle that much deeper.”
Life Relation Each principle is stated such that readers can relate to their lives and understand how the principles should be applied.
User Friendly Each principle helps readers relate it to their lives and understand how to apply it.
Practical Each principle clearly relates to real people and applies to real lives.
Paula LaRoque challenges journalists to rewrite their lead paragraphs using only one-syllable words.
TEN STYLE TIPS
1. Words in transition.
Impact – only two things legitimately are “impacted”: teeth and bowels.
Hopefully – means “in a hopeful manner.” it is hoped. Let’s hope.
Awesome – if you use it to describe a salad, what do you have left for God? (Avoid word inflation.)
2. Words often confused and misused:
Anxious/Eager – right words are a pleasure
3. Who and Whom
Mike is who we hope will win. (We hope HE will win.)
Mike is whom we’re voting for. (We’re voting for HIM.)
4. That and Which: Which always follows a comma; that does not.
5. Salutations and commas:
Hello, Dolly. Hi, Mary. Hey, Sam. Thanks, Dad. No, Frank, I missed it.
6. Show confidence:
No need to preface a statement with: “I believe” and “I think.” If you’re writing it, you think it. Lose insecure, irresolute use of words such as would, might, may.
7. Including, for example, for instance – and etc., and others. “Includes” means the list is NOT exhaustive, that it IS a sample. So to say, the list includes A, B, C, etc., is redundant.
8. NONE is singular. None of us IS perfect. None of the horses was there.
9. However. “However” should not start a sentence; plant it inside. “She sat on the front row. The rule, however, was for girls to move back.”
10. Because. No comma before the word “because.” Commander Perry failed to reach the Antarctic in by May because the ship was frozen in port.
About Nancy Lovell
Nancy Lovell is a partner in Lovell-Fairchild Communications, a PR and marketing firm. For 12 years she was on her own, a freelancer writing “anything I could follow up with an invoice”–brochures, scripts, editorials, article. And before that with Tracy-Locke, a Dallas-based ad agency. In college she majored in advertising/PR and got a minor in English because one of the courses was on “Jane Eyre,” which she’d already read six times. | <urn:uuid:d94e42cf-5992-4141-9939-9886a9c4664f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thinktanksociety.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.951723 | 1,672 | 2.640625 | 3 |
A catalytic converter, also referred to as catalytic converter, is an exhaust emission treatment device that converts toxic gases and emissions from an internal combustion engine to less toxic emissions by catalyzing a non-catalytic reaction. This process does nothing to cause pollution. It reduces the emissions of the engine. If an engine were not equipped with a catalytic converter, it would continue to emit pollution after repair and continued to burn because it would have no way of changing the pollutants to safer ones.
The catalytic converter removes harmful substances from the emissions before they are released to the atmosphere. The catalyst also helps to remove harmful substances from the fuel before it gets too hot to burn them. The catalyst is unable to function effectively and efficiently when it is broken down. The other catalytic converters take over the function of breaking down pollutants before they leave the engine.
There are a variety of catalytic convertors that have different functions. One type is comprised of platinum. This catalyst can eliminate up to 95% of harmful gases and other gases from an engine’s exhaust. This platinum catalyst is used in engines that are heavy duty, like passenger vans and sedans.
Another type of catalytic converter is available in the form of the Nissan Leaf. Because of their expensive cost, thieves don’t want to touch vehicles. However the Nissan Leaf can be quite valuable if it is stolen due to its size, particularly in the event that it is equipped with catalytic converter. Therefore, Nissan Leaf owners should make sure that their vehicle comes with catalytic converters to ensure that it is much less likely to be stolen than other vehicles.
A stainless steel catalytic converter can be another option. This converter type can significantly reduce harmful emissions from a car. They’re not as powerful as rhodium or platinum catalytic converters. They are able to remove only a very small percentage of the harmful emissions that come out of a car’s exhaust pipe. In addition, it is likely that this type of catalytic converter will degrade over time, meaning that harmful emissions will continue to flow into a vehicle’s exhaust system.
Platinum catalytic converters are more cost-effective than other options. It’s not just less expensive than other catalytic convertors however, it also has a stronger catalyst. For example, a platinum catalyst can eliminate up to ninety five percent of harmful gasses and gases from a car’s exhaust pipe. Because of this, platinum is often utilized together with a palladium catalyst.
When installing a catalytic converter, one important part of the kit will be the catalyst. The catalyst is what catalyzes the reaction between the oxygen and the hydrocarbons released from the combustion of fuel. Since platinum is a highly efficient catalyst for this reaction, it can assist in cutting down on the amount of oxygen that is released into the exhaust gases. This kit can be combined with platinum. There are actually several different alloys, like palladium and rhodiumthat can also effectively cut down on the amount of oxygen that is released into exhaust gases.
All three types of catalytic converters possess distinct characteristics. Each of these metals can be combined to create new alloys that could later be used in other catalytic conversion kits. In this way there are a myriad of different alloys available that can be utilized in every type of engine. Furthermore, certain metals can even catalyze the reactionants, creating an efficient but highly toxic gas, known as hydrocarbons.
know more catalytic converter recyclers here. | <urn:uuid:36aab685-b95c-435c-ba34-cfc90ce30acc> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chemises-pour-homme.com/fascination-about-catalytic-converter-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.945722 | 725 | 3.3125 | 3 |
Excerpted from: Kimberly Grambo, Fake News and Racial, Ethnic, and Religious Minorities: A Precarious Quest for Truth, 21 University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law 1299 (May 2019) (Comment) (269 Footnotes) (Full Document)
The years following the 2016 American Presidential election forced a reckoning with the role that misinformation played in our country's increasing political polarization. Today, consumers of online news media are still confronted with a seemingly impossible task: mitigating the effects of fake news without excessively burdening free speech. "Fake news" is an inherently mischievous sub-genre of a broader category of misinformation. Specifically, some psychologists and social scientists define it as one that "mimics the output of the news media in form, but not in organizational process or intent--e.g., lacking editorial norms and processes to weed out the untrue in favor of the true." As a result of several economic and psychological qualities intrinsic to the dissemination of information online, this new sub-genre of misinformation is powerful at shaping public opinion, as the sensationalist rhetoric of the 2016 election evidenced.
Fake news stories have not been limited to political topics, however. From merely biased coverage to utter fabrications, a wide variety of misinformation packaged as "news," has impacted religious, ethnic, and racial groups whose identities are wrapped up in our increasing national polarization.
When the World Economic Forum convened in early 2017 to address fake news, the conversation was not limited to electoral politics or insidious foreign influence. It approached the issue as a more encompassing crisis of global human rights, of which the threat to the democratic process is but one part. When fake news stories spread false narratives about vulnerable minority groups, an entirely different set of questions arises relating to the balance between First Amendment rights and threats to public order.
Fake news that spreads misinformation about minority groups may be construed as a form of group defamation, which many countries around the world place within the reach of government oversight, sometimes even through criminal law. Critically, the United States tends to shy away from "hate speech laws," as a concept, but in the context of fake news, culpability stems less from contempt for the creator's expressive intent and more from its effect. Fake news that falsely and negatively portrays a particular ethnic, racial, or religious group has the power to impute a "terrible criminality." It implies an unworthiness of citizenship or even dehumanizes individual members of those groups. History is littered with violent examples demonstrating why society should aim to prevent these effects.
"Group defamation" laws of the type upheld by the Supreme Court in Beauhamais v. Illinois have fallen out of favor in the United States since the 1950s, but several other countries have recently relied on similar laws to curb the effects of non-political fake news. In response to fake news that has stirred up animosity towards recently arrived immigrant populations, Germany recently expanded its existing group defamation laws to include liability for intermediaries such as Google and Facebook. In a more extreme example, amidst increased ethnic violence in Myanmar's Rakhine state, political leaders have been defending draconian defamation laws under the guise that they are necessary to curb fake news relating to the violence.
Though the American collective consciousness seems primarily focused on the political ramifications of fake news, stories that inflict dignitary harm on individual members of minority groups are also of great concern to the national welfare. However, addressing non-political fake news would involve novel First Amendment questions as to the public's capacity to inoculate itself against fake news in the absence of regulation and alternatively, the government's ability to properly administer a solution to the problem.
This Comment will assess multiple approaches to regulating non-political fake news from a First Amendment perspective, with a passive approach embracing gradual inoculation on one end of the spectrum, to an active approach focused on criminal group libel at the other. However, ideology and abstract legal doctrine alone do not necessarily point to the best answer in practice, especially where it pertains to an outcome-oriented goal like the protection of vulnerable minority groups from campaigns of hatred. The lessons of the past and modern practical concerns indicate that even if legally justifiable, active approaches are less-attractive solutions than passive ones. Yet, this Comment ultimately concludes that neither approach is likely to succeed absent public reckoning with the new values of a "post-truth" America.
[. . .]
As the Packingham majority fervently acknowledged, the unregulated and decentralized environment that incubated social media has been hailed as a reason behind its success as a universally dominant news platform. Yet, this same environment can also be blamed for its corruptibility as a communicative tool. The American public's failure to anticipate or detect fake news online is evidence that, especially where money is to be made, technology evolves at a faster rate than human psychology and sociology.
Previous campaigns to develop an informed citizenry in the face of technologically accelerated misinformation, like the "Public Interest Theory," reflected a quest to institutionalize the ideals put forth in First Amendment values like democratic discourse and the marketplace of ideas. "During the 1940s and 1950s, educators and researchers devoted considerable attention to developing thinking skills within the general public," through propaganda awareness groups, literary and debating societies, and even regulatory schemes like the fairness doctrine.
Meanwhile, despite rising public concern about fake news today, Americans have yet to even agree on the precise nature of the problem. In absence of organic cultural change, the question of government intervention has become a hot topic for debate. Although an active solution like group libel has been proposed and rejected here as an inappropriate remedy for defamatory non-political fake news, more passive alternatives like inoculation and tolerance seem equally unrealistic in the face of growing mistrust of fact-based reasoning as a whole.
Part of this problem may be one of linguistics: the term "fake news" covers a broad range of journalistic forms, from the clickbait and reckless unverified reporting that have primarily been the subject of this inquiry, to the more ubiquitous category of news that President Donald Trump does not like. As a consequence, the term "fake news" is now wielded globally by authoritarian rulers seeking to undermine trust in all institutions, but particularly any media that contradicts them. This analysis has explored how government mistrust should be a warning bell for any criminal censorial power, particularly in an already polarized society.
The problem is larger than an attempt to crush criticism, however. Embedded in the Trump Administration's campaign to erode faith in "mainstream media," conflation of any and all critical content with "fake news," is a call to retreat from Madisonian democratic ideals and Holmes' marketplace of ideas altogether. Arguments about the merits of a government-administered solution to fake news versus a citizen-administered one seem futile in this context, where truth is altogether irrelevant. Furthermore, the foundational principles of free speech in America are perhaps too abstract to serve the purposes of already vulnerable ethnic, racial, and religious groups who face other challenges beyond the daily swell of defamatory online content from travel bans at the border to the threat of police brutality in their own neighborhoods.
The First Amendment may overestimate the human capacity to resist clickbait that promises to soothe deep-seated insecurities and peddle in comforting stereotypes. It may fail to discern that within its aim of constraining government as a whole, it cannot control for the fallibility of the individuals who compose it. However, that does not mean that the pursuit of truth is not an intellectual guidepost worth striving for. Particularly if we cannot rely on the State in this pursuit, we must take it on ourselves as individual members of diverse, but ever-threatened communities.
Articles Editor, University of Pennsylvania Journal of Constitutional Law, Volume 21. University of Pennsylvania Law School, J.D. 2019; University of Michigan, B.A. 2012.
Please visit my Patreon Page | <urn:uuid:ba66cb1f-6f4e-4811-80b8-64289de2470d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.racism.org/articles/intersectionality/religion/6697-fake-news-and-racial-ethnic?tmpl=component&print=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.941403 | 1,610 | 2.28125 | 2 |
From the National Geographic book The 10 Best of Everything
Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe-Zambia
When the calm flowing water of the Zambezi River encounters the 5,578-foot-wide (1,700-meter-wide) edge of the Victoria Falls gorge, it abruptly plunges 328 feet (100 meters) to the bottom. The impact generates soaring mists and thunderous sounds that can be seen and heard for great distances. During the rainy season—mid-November through late April—the falls virtually disappear behind a thick wall of mist; at other times, the water volume noticeably eases.
Canals of Venice, Italy
Best enjoyed outside the heat of summer, the Venetian canals and their gondolas provide one of the world's most romantic experiences: gliding slowly down narrow palazzo-lined canals on a moonlit night. Venice is a city built on water. The canals—some 150 of them—link nearly 700 tiny islands to make what seems a floating city. Everyone must travel by foot or boat, visitors and locals alike. The nearly two-mile-long (three-kilometer-long) Grand Canal, the main water thoroughfare, is lined by luxurious, centuries-old palazzos with ornate Renaissance-style facades and is spanned by the elaborately designed Rialto Bridge. When the distance is far, the swift vaporettos (water taxis or buses) are handy.
Great Barrier Reef, Australia
The Great Barrier Reef stretches 1,200 miles (2,000 kilometers) through the Coral Sea along Australia's northeastern coast. The reef, which in actuality is a collection of thousands of distinct coral reefs, has been designated a World Heritage site for its sheer beauty and uniquely complex and delicate ecosystem. More than 10,000 species, including 1,500 types of fish and 200 kinds of birds, live on the reef's cays, atolls, and islands. The beauty of the fish and coral waterscapes annually draws hundreds of thousands of visitors who come to see the spectacle by diving, snorkeling, and glass-bottom boating. Conservationists fear that the large influx of visitors and their collateral effect on pollution are damaging the very natural wonder that people come to celebrate.
Li River, China
The 51-mile (83-kilometer) stretch of the Li River between Guilin and Yangshuo cities in China has inspired writers and artists for thousands of years. Here the Li River snakes through a fairy-tale landscape of conical limestone peaks, its smooth waters exquisitely mirroring the magical scenery. The vistas are particularly enchanting when flowing mists weave themselves around the peaks, hiding them and then exposing them in moments of surprise. The mountains are vestiges of ancient eroded seabeds that support graceful bamboo groves and terraced rice paddies. Each bend of the river reveals something new and interesting to see, from lumbering water buffalo pulling carts or cooling off in the river to fishermen gliding on narrow bamboo rafts.
Suez Canal, Egypt
An idea born of the British Empire's colonial interests, the 100-mile-long (160-kilometer-long) Suez Canal connects the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea. Thousands of men labored ten years (1859-69) to build this shortcut from the Mediterranean to the vast waters of Asia, and vice versa. Without it, a cargo ship sailing from Italy to Singapore had to go around the southern tip of Africa, doubling the time and distance. Today, an endless parade of supertankers, along this blue ribbon that cuts through barren desert. If you stand back far enough from the canal banks, it appears as though the giant ships are gliding through dry desert sands in the middle of nowhere.
Lake Como, Italy
Thousands and thousands of years ago, glaciers carved the peaks and valley of the Alps. Those same glaciers formed the pre-Alpine lakes of the Lombard region some 30 miles (48 kilometers) north of Milan. Scenic Lake Como, with its deep blue waters, has long been known as "the looking glass of Venus." Vistas of the lake reveal a serene scene surrounded by palatial villas, tree-clad mountains, and quaint villages. A major lake of the country, Lake Como covers 56 square miles (146 square kilometers) and reaches a depth of 1,358 feet (414 meters) between Careno and Argegno.
Lake Baikal, Russia
Home to 20 percent of the world's total unfrozen freshwater reserves, Lake Baikal in southeast Siberia is the largest and oldest (25 million years old) lake in the world. At 5,578 feet (1,700 meters) it is also the deepest. Its age and isolation have produced one of the world's richest and most unusual environments for freshwater fauna, earning it the nickname "Galápagos of Russia." Scientists study Lake Baikal to better understand evolutionary science. Surrounded by forested shores and the jagged and snow-clad peaks of the Barguzin Mountains, Lake Baikal presents a picture of supreme beauty. In the winter, it freezes over with ice so thick that the Trans-Siberian Railway briefly runs trains over its surface. In the summer, its ice-cold, crystalline blue waters are transparent to a depth of 40 meters (131 feet), and colorful wildflowers bloom along its shores.
- Nat Geo Expeditions
Nile River, Egypt
The storied past of the longest river in the world entices many people to cruise its length as it winds through Egypt. "Floating hotels," some reminiscent of dhows, glide smoothly past timeless Egyptian life-scenes unfolding along the date-palm-dotted riverbanks.
Bora-Bora, South Pacific
The Polynesian island of Bora-Bora in the South Pacific is widely suggested as the world's most beautiful island. A tropical blue lagoon ringed by coral reefs encircles the island, which is crowned by a rugged 2,385-feet-high (727-meter-high) volcano core draped with tropical foliage. Snorkelers and skin divers love Bora-Bora for its warm waters and plentiful sea fauna. Sunbathers delight in the white-sand beaches.
Dead Sea, Israel
The Dead Sea, shared by Israel and Jordan, is the lowest spot on Earth. Its shoreline is about 1,300 feet (400 meters) below sea level. As the world's saltiest large body of water, averaging a salt content six times higher than that of the ocean, it supports no life. With no outlet, the water that flows into the Dead Sea evaporates in the hot, arid air, leaving the minerals. The Jordan River is the chief source of the incoming water, but since the 1960s much of its water has been diverted for irrigation. Its length has already shrunk by more than a third, and, while the sea will never entirely disappear, because evaporation slows down as surface area decreases and saltiness increases, the Dead Sea as we know it could become a thing of the past. | <urn:uuid:d4208494-1282-4d73-822b-5bd602a34282> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.nationalgeographic.com/travel/article/water-wonders | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.931926 | 1,479 | 2.3125 | 2 |
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2006. 30 p.
(Jernkontorets forskning. D 817)
Price (SEK): 300:-
In order to develop the shredding product streams for better recycling and having sustainable development and in connection with the pervious report on shredding plant facilities titled “Looking at shredding plant configuration and its performance for developing shredding product stream- An overview”, four shredding plant facilities; i.e., halmstad, halstahammar, huddinge owned by Stena Gotthard AB, and Skelleftehamn owned by Kuusakoski, were visited and mapped. This report is prepared with to discuss about these shredding plants and the related issues.
Within first part of the report different aspects such as steel recycling and energy, recycled material for iron and steel production, material construction for different obsoletes, etc., are reviewed and studied in details in order to define their roles in recycling schema. In addition a general perspective for the recycling costs is presented and it is shown how recycling cost is affected by a factor named “Product factor”, which is a function of product complexity and product size.
In the second part, the flow-sheet for the visited recycling plants are drawn and discussed in details in order to see their similarities and discrepancies as well as their functions for recycling different metals.
Within third part, two main strategic scenarios are addressed for optimum recycling of ELVs, obsolete appliances, and other wastes. Accordingly, improvements in dismantling, shredding, and separation stages are needed to increase the quality and quantity of recycled materials, especially in order to obtain the needs for iron and steel industries when concerning environmental issues. The recycling scheme must be then provided by considering the interrelationship among dismantling, shredding, and separation facilities and the material characteristics of the wastes. | <urn:uuid:d81380a7-6886-4c2a-ae70-7b08476e4995> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jernkontoret.se/en/publications/steel-research/open-reports-serie-d/d-817/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.946067 | 395 | 2.25 | 2 |
Alcohol use among ethnic minority groups who have a mental health problem
Lancaster University are researching alcohol use among ethnic minority groups who have a mental health problem.
The project is funded by a charity, Alcohol Change UK, and the research has been developed with ethnic minority groups with lived experience of an alcohol and mental health problem.
They are looking for people to do telephone interviews to help the researchers understand ethnic minority groups’ experiences of drinking and non-drinking, and their experience of seeking support for their mental health.
If you’re eligible to take part, the researcher will arrange a time and date which is suitable for you, to conduct the telephone or online interview.
If you apply for this opportunity please let the organiser know that you saw it advertised by Shaping Our Lives. Thank you!
How to Apply
Contact Jo-Anne Puddephatt, on [email protected]
Involvement Payment Details
Those taking part will be paid £20 for their time. | <urn:uuid:d21766b1-f149-4d8b-be97-20b92befec25> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://shapingourlives.org.uk/involvement_opp/alcohol-use-among-ethnic-minority-groups-who-have-a-mental-health-problem/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.942997 | 217 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Dom has rightly received a fair amount of media attention for this piece of work, and rightly so. This is important, as the public need to know what their taxes are funding and how this work fits into our broader understanding of the world. He was even interviewed on BBC radio:
This coverage though has been very varied, even within the ams newspaper. The Telegraph, link pasted below, covered it well but for some unknown reason decided to lead with a picture of elephant seals.... even though the work was done on a small desert dwelling bird. They also lead with "Alpha males..", even though the abstract clearly states that males showed a decline but it wasn't related to rank, the main result was for females. Well it was a good attempt. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/11070219/Alpha-males-and-females-at-risk-of-ill-health-and-premature-ageing.html
Cram et al (2014) Oxidative status and social dominance in a wild cooperative breeder. Functional Ecology, DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12317http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.12317/abstract
- Oxidative stress has been proposed as a key mediator of life-history trade-offs, yet the social factors that affect patterns of oxidative status amongst individuals in animal societies remain virtually unexplored.
- This is important, as rank-related differences in reproductive effort in many social species have the potential to generate, or indeed arise from, differences in oxidative status across dominance classes.
- Here, we examine rank-related variation in oxidative status before and after a lengthy breeding season in a wild cooperatively breeding bird with high reproductive skew, in the semi-arid zone of Southern Africa; the white-browed sparrow weaver (Plocepasser mahali).
- Our findings reveal that prior to breeding, neither sex showed rank-related differences in markers of oxidative damage or antioxidant protection, suggesting that dominants' reproductive monopolies do not arise from superior pre-breeding oxidative status.
- After breeding, however, females (who provision young at higher rates than males) suffered elevated oxidative damage, and dominant females (the only birds to lay and incubate eggs, and the primary nestling provisioners) experienced differential declines in antioxidant protection.
- While males also showed reduced antioxidant capacity after breeding, this decline was not dependent on rank and not associated with elevated oxidative damage.
- Our findings suggest that divisions of labour in animal societies can leave the hardest-working classes differentially exposed to oxidative stress, raising the possibility of hitherto unexplored impacts on health and ageing in social species. | <urn:uuid:a328cd97-0d27-45f6-b8ab-8595392a404e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://alexmthompson.weebly.com/blog/hard-working-weavers-and-lazy-journalists | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.929691 | 633 | 2.171875 | 2 |
There are few things in life that get my tail wagging faster than working with confused dogs and the people who desperately want to help them. As often the case, I'm called in after a plethora of other approaches have been attempted, many of them following a negative reinforcement protocol to detrimental ends. Here is a page from this week's roster.
Meet Carly, a chocolate fuzz ball with paws. At two years of age, this Cockapoo is the adoration of her family, having been campaigned for by the husband and kids and reluctantly agreed to by mom Ann, she was now woven into the tapestry of their life-like an heirloom carpet.
The frustrations that had prompted Ann's call to me? She listed them in succeeding order: Excessive barking at the windows, frantic fear around loud noises that prevented her socialization and inclusion and aggressive behavior with strangers. Though reluctant to call a professional, after a bad experience with a different dog trainer, a veterinarian at Millwood Animal Hospital reassured her that in addition to a dog trainer, I am an applied animal behaviorist who uses positive reinforcement -- with both dogs and people!
During the first phone call I learned that the last trainer -- part of a franchised group that promises lifelong follow-up but with whom Ann distanced herself from after two lessons -- had labeled Carly as "Dominant Aggressive." The trainer offered a chain bag to toss when Carly barked at the first lesson, but when that didn't work, he pulled out an electronic shock collar. Ann's intuition was spot on -- she knew this quick fix wasn't the answer.
During our first talk, Ann lamented about what she saw as aggressive behavior, and dropped the word "dominance" into the conversation more than a few times. I paused to consider it. Were Carly's aggressive reactions a sign of dominant behavior? A few quick questions revealed the answer.
"Does Carly growl or show possessiveness over her food, toys, or sleeping areas?" No, not at all. She's fine with all of that.
"Does Carly lunge at people or other dogs when you walk her on leash?" No. Quite the opposite, she might bark if they're passing by, but she looks confused. If the dog comes towards us she will pull back to the house or car.
"Is she assertive with you, blocking you on the stairs or barking at you for food or play?" No... she rings a bell to go outside -- does that count?
"When Carly becomes noise sensitive what does she do?" She wants to run and hide. Yes -- she's so afraid of loud noises she often retreats to her crate or will struggle to run home or back to the car.
"As a puppy I'm guessing she was quiet, loving, and easily startled." Yes -- that is right. All of the above! It's as though you've met her before.
My assessment? I didn't think there was a dominant bone in Carly's body. She sounded like a loving, needy, mildly anxious personality type who was easily shaken by unfamiliar activity or unpredicted events. Subjected to negative reinforcement training, Carly had begun to second guess her own impulses and develop reactionary behavior that had little to do with the dog she really was. Her personality was gentle and worrisome, and instead of bolstering her confidence the pressure of avoiding corrections has left her sanity shaken.
Could I help Ann and Carly find a better path? I couldn't wait to sink my teeth in, metaphorically speaking!
Anyone who's used me as a trainer will attest to my unorthodox approach. Arriving at the home, I ring the bell and stand to the side of the door. When opened, it looks more like a prank than an official visit. Where am I and why am I hiding? If you look at this from Carly's perspective, the home is equivalent to a den and the door is its opening. For Carly, who has developed stranger anxiety, her fears are realized the moment the door is opened and a looming figure fills the frame.
This time, however, I changed the game plan by disappearing from view. What did Carly do? Well at first she continued barking (her bell-bark behavior would've made Pavlov smile).
But then she paused. After about 20 seconds I saw her nose tentatively reaching around the door frame. When her face beheld mine I was down on her level, sitting with my back against the house and my nose shoved into a bag of Chikables Combo Bites dog treats I was unassuming, relaxed, and completely engrossed. What did she do? She sniffed me head to toe, then pawed my arm for recognition and a treat. I made a new friend!
In the house, Carly cavorted with glee, bringing her toys to me and jumping into my lap to offer me a lick. Ann, who'd be watching in awe, reached for a bottle filled with coins to shake and startle her dog from jumping on me. I raised my hand to stop her.
"I appreciate that you're trying to teach her not to jump, but there is a better way," I promised. I further explained when hesitant dogs finally feel comfortable enough to socialize, they sometimes go a little over board, getting jumpy and mouthy. While a coin bottle might work wonders for other dogs, it will instill fear with a sensitive dog such as Carly. I urged a different approach and vowed she'd see results within 24 hours.
How'd we do it? I helped Ann recognize that Carly's brain is similar to a 14-month-old child--full of wonder, desire, and unconditional adoration. Negative training creates so much stress that while it may solve one problem, such as jumping, it creates other problems far more troubling, like aggression or frantic barking.
Ann and I worked to link recognizable words and everyday routines to help bolster Carly's self-confidence and focus. This simple exercise would take no extra time but would do wonders for her outlook. "Outside," "Inside," "Upstairs," "Dinner" would involve her in household on-goings. In addition we taught her a word for her favorite toy "Binky!" and chew "Bone!" and used those words to redirect her. Finally we introduced a brand new routine, "Say Hello!" An essential routine for any well socialized dog or puppy; you can teach this easily by tucking food rewards into your fist and extending them to your dog as you command, "Say Hello!" It didn't take long for Carly to make the food-in-hand association, and soon she was so excited by the direction that we used it to direct her to strangers.
Though I'm often called the miracle worker, it's the dogs that always impress me. The most forgiving and trusting of all the earth's creatures, I'm left in awe of their healing abilities. Carly took to our new regime like she'd been hoping for it. She learned new words and overcame her stranger anxiety with so much zeal that a neighbor commented she simply couldn't be the same dog. And while Carly will always have a sensitive temperament, prone to nervous reaction to the unknown, Ann's effort to redirect her as opposed to correct her, has given the whole family a new leash on life... literally! | <urn:uuid:aa59dbba-e3c6-4f14-915b-20bd9ace5592> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.huffpost.com/entry/positive-versus-negative-_b_3212103 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.978052 | 1,501 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Jean-Eric Vergne has been given a penalty point for leaving the track and gaining an advantage during the German Grand Prix.
Vergne went off at the exit of the Spitzkehre while battling with Romain Grosjean. The stewards ruled he failed to hand back an advantage after leaving the track.
The Toro Rosso driver had to serve a five-second stop-go penalty during the race and was also given his first penalty point of the season. Any driver who accumulates 12 during a 12-month period will automatically receive a one-race ban.
Vergne is the first driver to receive a penalty point since the third race of the season in Bahrain. The penalty point system was introduced earlier this year.
2014 German Grand Prix
- Mercedes explain cause of Hamilton’s brake failure
- Cause of Hamilton’s brake failure ‘still unclear’
- Three-in-a-row for Bottas in Driver of the Weekend
- Hockenheim continues 2014’s run of top races
- 2014 German Grand Prix team radio transcript
Image © Red Bull/Getty | <urn:uuid:d4a5ee51-e53e-4e82-bdf9-2f1dc7c74847> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sitemap.racefans.net/2014/07/20/vergne-handed-first-penalty-point-stewards/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.955109 | 234 | 1.5 | 2 |
New York, NY – The Universal Hip Hop Museum has finally found its home in the South Bronx. As reported by the Wall Street Journal on Wednesday (December 23), the Bronx Point project, which includes the museum, will be getting a nice $349 million in financing to begin construction next month at a former industrial site in the South Bronx.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic causing a global shutdown, plans for the Bronx Point project stalled and the owners experienced several delays. However, the owners and their partners are getting the project back on its feet. Financing for the mixed-used development plan arrives next week and the entire project will receive $238 million in city bonds and funding. Additional money will be piling in from state grants, equity from developers and federal tax credits from Wells Fargo & Co.
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Rocky Bucano, the executive director of the Universal Hip Hop Museum, spent nine years trying to find a spot to showcase Hip Hop’s history and he is finally able to get things started. Through the Bronx Point project, museum founders now have a place to build the massive 52,000 square foot museum from the ground up rather than taking up space inside an existing building.
“We plan to use our platform as a cultural institution to uplift the people and the community itself,” Bucano said.
Unbekannt/RDB/ullstein bild via Getty Images
The founders of the museum and the board of trustees still need to raise $34 million of the project’s total cost of $51 million, but according to Bucano, it will not be as hard as before since they have found a permanent home. Construction at the old industrial spot should be finished by late 2023.
Last year, the State of New York donated a hefty $3.5 million grant towards the Universal Hip Hop Museum. The $51 million museum will celebrate different elements of Hip Hop culture including breaking, graffiti, DJing and MCing. Legendary rappers Kurtis Blow and Public Enemy’s Chuck D will serve as the co-founder and chairman of the Universal Hip Hop Museum’s Celebrity Board, respectively. | <urn:uuid:4792f3d1-4738-4f0f-93b3-101a4e63f2a0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://hiphopdx.com/news/id.59685/title.universal-hip-hop-museum-to-continue-development-as-part-of-349m-bronx-riverfront-project | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.944917 | 444 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Per Capita Income Convergence among Provinces in China
One increasingly important political and economic challenge of China's economy is income inequality. In the past two decades, a series of regulations and policies were enacted to promote its economic growth and reduce income inequality. In this empirical study, we examine the effectiveness of these regulations and policies on reducing the personal income gap at the provincial level in China and analyze the reasons behind the effectiveness: education expenses, infrastructure investments, and fixed asset investments. We test the per capita income data of 31 provinces over the periods 1999 to 2018 and our results show that the per capita income converges nationally and in most regions. The convergence in per capita income is supported by the convergence in per capita education expenses, infrastructure investments, and fixed asset investments. Without fundamental changes in economic policies, the current economic growth may not be sustainable. Our paper suggests that continuously increase investments in education expenses, infrastructure investments, and fixed asset investments in poor regions are necessary to reduce the income gap between rich and poor regions to foster long-term prosperity.
Keywords: Convergence Theory, Per Capita Income, Education Expense, Infrastructure Investments, Fixed Asset Investments
JEL Classifications: D31, F63, O47, R11 | <urn:uuid:63456cd6-ff0a-43e9-ab5d-7d7fede6fd4c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.econjournals.com/index.php/ijefi/article/view/10713 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.923487 | 253 | 1.96875 | 2 |
Collapsibility of the upper airways has been identified as an important pathogenic factor in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Objective measures of collapsibility are pharyngeal critical pressure (Pcrit) and resistance of the upstream segment (Rus). To systematically determine the effects of sleep stage and body position we investigated 16 male subjects suffering from OSA. We compared the measures in light sleep, slow-wave sleep, REM sleep and supine vs. lateral positions. The pressure-flow relationship of the upper airways has been evaluated by simultaneous readings of maximal inspiratory airflow (Vimax) and nasal pressure (p-nCPAP). With two-factor repeated measures ANOVA on those 7 patients which had all 6 situations we found a significant influence of body position on Pcrit (p<0.05) whereas there was no significant influence of sleep stage and no significant interaction between body position and sleep stage. When comparing the body positions Pcrit was higher in the supine than in the lateral positions. During light sleep Pcrit decreased from 0.6 +/- 0.8 cm H2O (supine) to -2.2 +/- 3.6 cm H2O (lateral) (p<0.01), during slow-wave sleep Pcrit decreased from 0.3 +/- 1.4 cm H2O (supine) to -1.7 +/- 2.6 (lateral) (p<0.05) and during REM sleep it decreased from 1.2 +/- 1.5 cm H2O to -2.0 +/- 2.2 cm H2O (p<0.05). Changes in Rus revealed no body position nor sleep-stage dependence. Comparing the different body positions Rus was only significantly higher in the lateral position during REM sleep (p<0.05). The results indicate that collapsibility of the upper airways is not mediated by sleep stages but is strongly influenced by body position. As a consequence lower nCPAP pressure is needed during lateral positions compared to supine positions. | <urn:uuid:69df45bb-5c4c-426a-881f-c4f24432ce11> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11204057/?dopt=Abstract | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.909049 | 416 | 1.578125 | 2 |
Eleven children participate in Lakewood Ranch High Future Farmers of America's first summer camp.
Brynn Shear, a rising fourth grader at B.D. Gullett Elementary School, bent down in the chicken coop at Lakewood Ranch High School and scooped up a chicken.
She gently caressed the small chicken.
"I like working with chickens," Shear said. "It's my passion."
Shear was able to learn more about chickens as well as beef and dairy cows and goats during the second day of Future Farmers of America's first Little Ranchers summer camp.
Maddy Hartwig, a rising senior at Lakewood Ranch High School and the president of the school's Future Farmers of America chapter, said the agriculture camp is the first of its kind at the school, which gives camp participants an opportunity to learn about agriculture and how it impacts them.
"The camp is focused around agriculture education and getting students a chance to look at agriculture and how it affects their life," Hartwig said. "I'm excited to see the kids learn, and see how it is a good thing for the community."
Throughout the weeklong camp, 11 campers, who are going into second through sixth grades, learned about plant, animal, marine, and environmental sciences. With plant sciences, campers learned about good insects versus harmful insects, the food chain of insects and how insects affect plants. Animal sciences taught campers about beef cows, dairy cows, chickens and goats as well as how to make butter. Through marine sciences, campers learned about water filtration and why it's important. Environmental sciences taught campers about soil and the nutrients needed to grow crops.
The final day of the camp was spent teaching campers about leadership through team building exercises and games.
Mia Gorskey, a rising third grader at Gene Witt Elementary School, liked being able to have hands-on experiences with the animals and activities during camp.
Lorenzo Vagi, a rising fourth grader at Robert E. Willis Elementary School, loved spending time with the goats. He laughed as he showed the edge of his shirt missing due to a goat bite.
Campers shared interesting facts they learned while interacting with the animals.
For example, Shear learned that goats can live for about 15 years and cows can live for 20 years while Gorskey learned about byproducts of cows such as toothpaste.
The camp also was a learning opportunity for the 14 camp counselors, who are members of the school's FFA chapter.
Hartwig and Hannah Yancey, a rising senior at Lakewood Ranch High and FFA member, both said working with the campers will give them an opportunity to see whether becoming an agriculture teacher would be something of interest to them.
"I like to teach kids, but I didn't know if teaching was something I wanted to do for a long time," Yancey said. "Plus it's always good to remember the basics of agriculture because sometimes you forget about it whenever you're learning much harder stuff."
Hartwig is hoping the camp will expand next year with new participants as well as returning campers. She said if campers choose to return, the counselors will be able to build upon the foundation of knowledge they have from this year.
Join the Neighborhood! Our 100% local content helps strengthen our communities by delivering news and information that is relevant to our readers. Support independent local journalism by joining the Observer's new membership program — The Newsies — a group of like-minded community citizens, like you. Be a Newsie. | <urn:uuid:b25c82aa-09ab-42ea-964b-616c9b2752c0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.yourobserver.com/photo-gallery/big-lessons-for-little-ranchers-in-lakewood-ranch | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.966901 | 734 | 2.765625 | 3 |
According to Professor Elena Gaura of Coventry University, a project to create low-cost sensors designed to monitor CO2 levels, humidity, temperature and light in 150 homes owned by Orbit Heart of England provides the opportunity to revolutionise domestic energy usage in the UK.
Writing in the Guardian, Professor Gaura noted that retrofitting the UK’s energy-inefficient housing stock is a sizeable task. The professor wrote: “the sheer scale of the job and the potential costs are terrifying (a large town of homes retrofitted per week for the next 20 years would just about do it)”.
Ensuring that Britain’s domestic properties are more energy efficient is necessary if the UK Government is to meet its climate change obligations. Reducing carbon emissions whilst conserving energy is certainly important, but can the task realistically be achieved? Professor Gaura thinks not.
Introducing Coventry University’s new project, Professor Gaura notes that the low-cost sensors provide a substantial quantity of data, which can be checked against energy and water consumption. The sensors enable property owners to determine whether carbon emissions are caused predominantly by central heating systems, the behaviour of residents or the very fabric of the building.
Professor Gaura believes the sensors will arm landlords with sufficient information as to make informed decisions on energy. Ground source heating was cited as one product that might attract change, with the professor writing: “ground-source heating is often regarded as being energy efficient, but it needs to be permanently switched on. People more familiar with controlling the heat of a central heating system often switch the ground-source system off, which leads to a cold house”.
Unfortunately, cold houses provide the perfect breeding ground for mould, which can be harmful to human health. Mould can prove difficult to remove from a home, resulting in expensive repairs. Coventry University’s sensors are able to predict the formation of mould with the aim of encouraging landlords to act.
The sensors also monitor the performance of so-called ‘zero carbon’ houses to determine whether developers’ claims can be justified. Ultimately, the Coventry University project aims to provide enough data to encourage targeted retrofitting – not wholesale changes that take too long, cost too much money and may even make matters worse in some cases. | <urn:uuid:3f522f84-6131-400a-93d1-718d6f251f18> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.homeheatingguide.co.uk/archive/coventry-university-develops-smart-sensor-technology | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.94257 | 470 | 3.359375 | 3 |
Within the Small business Management Studies belegst du subjects for instance business enterprise administration, law, advertising and personnel management. Course content material and priorities could vary based on the university. In most circumstances, the applications are, yet, in general structured. You get taught fundamentals and experience in order to meet senior management the ideal decisions. Subjects just like economics, macroeconomics and controlling are as much a study as management or international management. In addition, subjects come as communications, ethics and leadership. terrific emphasis is placed on practical coaching at most universities.Matching locations.Bachelor of Business enterprise Administration Bachelor.Dual degree plan Trade Management Bachelor.B.Sc. International Management Bachelor.
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Foundation Training is a series of exercises designed to improve posture and movement patterns strengthening your core and helping prevent injuries and improve performance. These exercises don’t require any special equipment and can be done anywhere at any time making them a valuable adjunct to your chiropractic care. While the exercises may look like yoga the emphasis is on strengthening the posterior chain or the muscles that are all along the back of your body. These are the muscles that hold you upright and allow you to hinge at your hips without stressing your lower back. Dr. Ray is a certified Foundation Training instructor and teaches classes as well as private sessions. For more information about Foundation Training book a private half hour session with Dr. Ray or view www.foundationtraining.com. | <urn:uuid:9d755104-cfc4-4a9f-8384-b9de82a12903> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.whistlerchiropractic.com/exercises/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.936163 | 153 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Unrecognized pregnancy is the most common cause of amenorrhea. A urine pregnancy test should be one of the first steps in evaluating this disorder.
For hypoestrogenic conditions associated with primary and secondary amenorrhea, estrogen (with a progestin) is provided.
Causes of menorrhagia are either systemic disorders or specific uterine abnormalities.
Pregnancy, including intrauterine pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and miscarriage, must be at the top of the differential diagnosis for any woman presenting with heavy menses.
The reduction in menorrhagia-related blood loss with use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and oral contraceptives is directly proportional to the amount of pretreatment blood loss.
Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are considered therapeutic options in a variety of menstruation-related disorders. Guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists indicate that both nulliparous and multiparous women at low risk of sexually transmitted diseases are good candidates for IUD use.
Anovulatory bleeding is the standard terminology used to describe bleeding from the uterine endometrium as a result of a dysfunctioning menstrual system, specifically excluding an anatomic lesion of the uterus.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can present as a variety of menstruation disorders, including amenorrhea, menorrhagia, and anovulatory bleeding. Although its definition continues to evolve, it is generally considered a disorder of androgen excess that often includes polycystic ovarian morphology and ovulatory dysfunction.
Metformin and thiazolidinedione use for anovulatory bleeding associated with PCOS is beneficial not only for anovulatory bleeding and fertility but also for improving glucose tolerance and other metabolic parameters that contribute to cardiovascular risk.
The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are first-line pharmacologic treatment options for premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
Problems related to the menstrual cycle are exceedingly common in women of reproductive age. This chapter discusses the most frequently encountered menstruation-related difficulties: amenorrhea, menorrhagia, anovulatory bleeding (including polycystic ovary syndrome, PCOS), dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The need for effective treatments of these disorders stems from their negative impact on any or all of the following: quality of life, reproductive health, and long-term detrimental health effects, such as increased risk of osteoporosis with amenorrhea and cardiovascular disease with PCOS.
Amenorrhea is described as either primary or secondary in nature. Primary amenorrhea is the absence of menses by age 16 years in the presence of normal secondary sexual development or the absence of menses by age 14 in the absence of normal secondary sexual development. Secondary amenorrhea is the absence of menses for three cycles or for 6 months in a previously menstruating woman. There is a significant amount of overlap between the two. The initial evaluation of amenorrhea often is the same, regardless of age of onset, except in unusual clinical situations.1
Primary amenorrhea occurs in less than 0.1% of the general population. Secondary amenorrhea, in comparison, has an incidence of 0.7% to 5% in the general population and occurs more frequently in women younger than 25 years with a history of menstrual irregularities and in those involved in competitive athletics.2
Unrecognized pregnancy is the most common cause of amenorrhea. A urine pregnancy test should be one of the first steps in evaluating this disorder. In organizing an approach to diagnosis and treatment, it is helpful to consider the organs involved in the menstrual cycle, which include the uterus, ovaries, anterior pituitary, and hypothalamus.
After excluding pregnancy, the most common causes of secondary amenorrhea are hypothalamic suppression, chronic anovulation, hyperprolactinemia, ovarian failure, and uterine disorders.3
Each organ in the hypothalamic–pituitary–ovarian–uterine axis is of importance in determining amenorrhea’s etiology and pathophysiology. Beginning with the uterus/outflow tract and progressing caudally will result in a comprehensive differential diagnosis. Table 63-1 lists the pathophysiology of amenorrhea relative to the organ system(s) involved and the specific condition(s) that results in amenorrhea.
TABLE 63-1 Pathophysiology of Selected Menstrual Bleeding Disorders
For menstruation to occur, a uterus, functional endometrium, and patent vagina must be present. Several anatomic abnormalities may cause amenorrhea. If primary amenorrhea is the presenting symptom, a congenital anomaly such as imperforate hymen or uterine agenesis may be present and often discovered by physical examination. An acquired condition of the genital tract, such as Asherman’s syndrome or cervical stenosis, is more likely in secondary amenorrhea.
Normal ovarian function is critical for menstruation to occur. The ovaries must respond appropriately to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) by secreting estrogen and progesterone in proper sequence to influence endometrial growth and shedding (Fig. 63-1).
FIGURE 63-1 Hormonal fluctuations with the normal menstrual cycle. (FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone.)
(Courtesy of Hatcher RA, Nelson AL, Zieman M, et al. A Pocket Guide to Managing Contraception. Tiger GA: Bridging the Gap Foundation, 2003;1–146.)
Premature ovarian failure occurs when no viable follicles remain in the ovaries. This is because estrogen production is insufficient to stimulate endometrial growth in the absence of follicles. In a woman younger than 30 years, amenorrhea due to premature ovarian failure may be the result of genetic anomalies.1
The ovaries may play a role in amenorrhea through anovulation. Ovulation is required for the follicle (an estrogen-secreting body) to become a corpus luteum (a progesterone-secreting body). Without ovulation, the proper sequence of estrogen production, progesterone production, and estrogen/progesterone withdrawal will not occur. This can result in amenorrhea. Anovulation can occur secondary to thyroid disease, androgen excess (as in PCOS), or chronic illness.
The anterior pituitary gland secretes FSH and LH in sequential fashion in response to hypothalamic stimulation and a complex ovarian feedback mechanism. Normal secretion of FSH and LH is altered by several endocrinologic and iatrogenic conditions, including thyroid disease, hyperprolactinemia, and dopaminergic drug administration.
The hypothalamus secretes cyclic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which causes the pituitary to produce FSH and LH. Disrupting this cyclic process will interrupt the hormonal cascade that results in normal menstruation. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia, intense exercise, and stress may cause hypothalamic amenorrhea.
The treatment options for amenorrhea are as varied as its causes.
Therapeutic modalities for amenorrhea should ensure the occurrence of normal puberty and restore the menstrual cycle. Treatment goals include bone density preservation, bone loss prevention, and ovulation restoration, improving fertility as desired. Amenorrhea from hypoestrogenism may affect quality of life via hot flash induction (premature ovarian failure), dyspareunia, and, in prepubertal females, lack of secondary sexual characteristics and absence of menarche. Treatment is targeted at reversing these effects.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION Amenorrhea
General Approach to Treatment
The overall success of any intervention to treat amenorrhea depends on proper identification of the disorder’s underlying cause(s). Once the cause is identified, the appropriate intervention(s) can be made. For patients experiencing amenorrhea secondary to hypoestrogenic states, a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D is essential to minimize negative impact on bone health.
Nonpharmacologic therapy for amenorrhea varies depending upon the underlying cause. Amenorrhea secondary to anorexia may respond to weight gain. In young women for whom excessive exercise is an underlying cause, reduction of exercise quantity and intensity are important.
For hypoestrogenic conditions associated with primary or secondary amenorrhea, estrogen (with a progestin) is provided. It can be administered as an oral contraceptive (OC), conjugated equine estrogen, or estradiol patch. Estrogen therapy in this patient population reduces osteoporosis risk7 and improves quality of life. Table 63-2 lists therapeutic agents for amenorrhea treatment, including recommended doses. Figure 63-2 illustrates a treatment algorithm for management of amenorrhea.
TABLE 63-2 Therapeutic Agents for Selected Menstrual Disorders
FIGURE 63-2 Treatment algorithm for amenorrhea. aRegardless of cause, adequate calcium and vitamin D intake must be ensured. (OC, oral contraceptive; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome.)
When hyperprolactinemia is the cause of amenorrhea, dopamine agonists such as bromocriptine aid in reducing prolactin concentrations and the resumption of menses. Bromocriptine normalizes prolactin levels in 90% of affected women, and fertility is restored in 80% of treated women.10
Amenorrhea related to PCOS-induced anovulation may respond to agents that reduce insulin resistance. Metformin and the thiazolidinediones for this purpose are discussed in the “Anovulatory bleeding” section.
Progestins induce withdrawal bleeding in women with secondary amenorrhea. Several factors predict progesterone’s efficacy for this purpose.9 These factors include estrogen concentrations greater than or equal to 35 pg/mL (128 pmol/L) and endometrial thickness (greater initial thickness resulting in more withdrawal bleeding).
Progestin efficacy for secondary amenorrhea varies by formulation used. Progesterone in oil administered intramuscularly results in withdrawal bleeding in 70% of treated patients, whereas oral medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) induces withdrawal bleeding in 95% of treated patients.9 Table 63-2 identifies the types and doses of progestins used for secondary amenorrhea treatment. Figure 63-2 illustrates when to consider progestin use for amenorrhea treatment.
Amenorrhea in the adolescent population is of concern because this is the developmental time when peak bone mass is achieved. The cause of amenorrhea, whether primary or secondary, must be promptly identified in this population, as amenorrhea and its related hypoestrogenism negatively affect bone development. In addition to treating or eliminating amenorrhea’s underlying cause, ensuring that the patient is receiving adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D is imperative. Estrogen replacement, typically via an OC, is important.
Drug Class Information
Table 63-3 identifies the significant pharmacologic properties requiring monitoring of the agents used for amenorrhea management.
TABLE 63-3 Pharmacologic Properties and Monitoring Parameters for Agents Used in the Management of Menstrual Disorders
Evaluation of Therapeutic Outcomes
Table 63-3 lists the expected outcomes and specific monitoring parameters for treatment modalities used in amenorrhea management.
Menorrhagia is the term used to describe heavy menstrual blood loss (greater than 80 mL per cycle) or prolonged menstrual bleeding (menses for greater than 7 days).1,4 This definition has been questioned because of several factors, including difficulty quantifying menstrual loss in clinical practice. Additionally, many women with “heavy menses” but blood loss less than 80 mL merit treatment consideration because of flow containment issues, unpredictably heavy flow days, or other associated symptoms.28,32,33
Menorrhagia rates in healthy women range from 9% to 14%.4 In women with coagulation disorders such as von Willebrand’s disease or platelet dysfunction, the rates of menorrhagia are as high as 100% and 98%, respectively.6,33
Causes of menorrhagia are either systemic disorders or specific uterine abnormalities. Pregnancy, including intrauterine pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, and miscarriage, must be at the top of the differential diagnosis list for any woman presenting with heavy menses. In several studies of adolescents with acute menorrhagia, underlying bleeding disorders accounted for 3% to 13% of emergency room presentations. For example, von Willebrand’s disease has an incidence of 1% in the general population;34 its prevalence in women with menorrhagia may be as high as 20%.35 Menorrhagia initially may present as heavy menses in the adolescent.34 Hypothyroidism also may be associated with heavy menses. Specific uterine causes of menorrhagia are more common in older childbearing women and include fibroids, adenomyosis, endometrial polyps, and gynecologic malignancies.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION Menorrhagia
Table 63-1 lists the pathophysiology of menorrhagia relative to the organ system(s) involved and the specific conditions that result in menorrhagia.
Initial treatment choice for menorrhagia is influenced by whether or not the woman desires to become pregnant.
Menorrhagia therapy should reduce menstrual blood flow, improve the patient’s quality of life, and defer the need for surgical intervention. Table 63-2 lists the agents and their recommended dosing for menorrhagia management. Figure 63-3 presents an algorithm for menorrhagia treatment.
FIGURE 63-3 Treatment algorithm for menorrhagia. (IUD, intrauterine device; NSAIDs, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; OC, oral contraceptive.)
General Approach to Treatment
Several treatment options exist for menorrhagia. Initial and subsequent treatment options should be thoughtfully chosen in an effort to avoid surgery.
Nonpharmacologic interventions for menorrhagia include surgical procedures that are generally reserved for patients not responding to pharmacologic treatment. These interventions vary from conservative endometrial ablation to hysterectomy.36
Among the agents used to treat menorrhagia, the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have the advantage of administration only during menses. NSAID use is associated with a 20% to 50% reduction in blood loss in 75% of treated women.13,32 In some patients, as much as an 80% reduction in blood loss has been observed.13
For women desiring to avoid pregnancy, OC use is beneficial for menorrhagia and should be considered. A 40% to 50% reduction in menstrual blood loss has been observed in patients treated with cyclic combined OCs.37 The reduction in menorrhagia-related blood loss with use of NSAIDs and OCs is directly proportional to the amount of pretreatment blood loss.13
Another menorrhagia treatment option is the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (IUD). This is a very effective treatment to reduce menstrual flow.38 In particular, a 79% to 97% reduction in blood loss has been observed with its use.38 Its use has also resulted in postponing or cancelling scheduled endometrial ablation surgery or hysterectomy. Sixty percent of treated patients avoided hysterectomy when employing this treatment option,39 and its therapeutic efficacy is similar to endometrial ablation up to 2 years following treatment.18
Progesterone therapy either during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle or for 21 days, starting on day 5 after onset of menses, results in a 32% to 50% reduction in menstrual blood loss.13 However, progesterone use is not superior to other medical treatments, including the NSAIDs.13
Tranexamic acid was recently approved in the United States for primary menorrhagia treatment. Its use is associated with a significant 26% to 60% reduction in menstrual blood loss.40
Drug Treatments of First Choice
For women who have menorrhagia associated with ovulatory cycles and do not desire hormonal therapy and/or contraception, NSAIDs during menses is a reasonable choice in the absence of any contraindications or GI illnesses such as peptic ulcer disease or gastroesophageal reflux disease. This choice is convenient (only taken during menses) and comparatively inexpensive. For women desiring contraception, it is reasonable to start with either an OC or the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD. Either choice is acceptable for both nulligravid and multiparous women who desire a long-term reversible form of contraception.37,38 Given cost-effectiveness data, the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD is the best first-line choice for women desiring contraception.41 Clinical trial data illustrate a higher failure rate with the OCs (62.5%) compared to the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD (34%) as the primary treatment method.41
Alternative Drug Treatments
Given their side effects, reduced efficacy compared to the first-line agents, and/or cost, use of oral progesterone and depot MPA should be reserved. Tranexamic acid is another treatment option. In comparison to luteal phase oral progesterone, tranexamic acid results in a significantly greater reduction in menstrual blood loss and greater relief of patient-reported symptoms.13 Its use has been associated with a significant improvement in quality of life and high patient satisfaction following three cycles of use.19,42
Although historically it was believed that IUD use should be avoided in nulliparous women, guidelines from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) indicate that both nulliparous and multiparous women at low risk of sexually transmitted diseases are good candidates for IUD use.38 Therefore, any of the treatments discussed are options in any female presenting with menorrhagia. Dosage adjustment for tranexamic acid is recommended for reduced renal function. Women with serum creatinine between 1.4 and 2.8 mg/dL (124 and 248 μmol/L) should receive only 1,300 mg by mouth twice daily; women with serum creatinine between 2.9 and 5.7 mg/dL (256 and 504 μmol/L) should receive 1,300 mg by mouth once daily; those with serum creatinine above 5.7 mg/dL (504 μmol/L) should receive 650 mg by mouth once daily.
Drug Class Information
Table 63-3 identifies the significant pharmacologic properties that require monitoring for the agents used to manage menorrhagia.
Evaluation of Therapeutic Outcomes
Table 63-3 illustrates the expected outcomes and specific monitoring parameters for the treatment modalities used in menorrhagia management.
Anovulatory bleeding is the standard terminology used to describe bleeding from the uterine endometrium as a result of a dysfunctioning menstrual system, specifically excluding an anatomic lesion of the uterus.1,29 Anovulatory bleeding is also referred to as dysfunctional or irregular uterine bleeding.
Anovulatory bleeding is the most common form of noncyclic uterine bleeding.4 The most common cause is PCOS, for which the prevalence rates range from 6% to 8%.43–45 In fact, PCOS is the most common endocrine abnormality among U.S. women of reproductive age.45 PCOS can present as a variety of menstruation disorders, including amenorrhea, menorrhagia, and/or anovulatory bleeding. Although its exact definition continues to evolve, it is a disorder of androgen excess that often includes polycystic ovarian morphology and ovulatory dysfunction. It is a significant risk factor for the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and possibly cardiovascular disease.21,46,47 PCOS is a common cause of ovulation dysfunction in adult women.21 Other common causes in adult women include hyperprolactinemia, hypothalamic amenorrhea, also known as hypogonadotropichypogonadism, premature ovarian failure, and thyroid dysfunction.1,29
When considering the etiology of anovulatory bleeding, the patient’s age must be considered. All patients presenting with abnormal bleeding should be evaluated for pregnancy. Most adolescents will experience physiologic anovulatory cycles in the first few years following menarche because their hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis is still maturing. However, if an adolescent has not developed regular menstrual cycles within 5 years of menarche, further evaluation for the cause, such as PCOS, should be considered.48 Anovulatory cycles may “unmask” an underlying bleeding disorder. When irregular menses is associated with significant bleeding, an inherited bleeding disorder should be a considered cause, especially in adolescence.6,29 Women experiencing anovulation in their reproductive years should be evaluated for pathologic causes, including PCOS, thyroid dysfunction, hyperprolactinemia, primary pituitary disease, premature ovarian failure, hypothalamic dysfunction, disordered eating, adrenal disease, and androgen-producing tumors. Women in their perimenopausal years may experience “physiologic” anovulatory cycles because of intermittently declining estrogen levels. Regardless of age, evaluation for endometrial hyperplasia and/or endometrial cancer should be considered when a woman experiences excessive bleeding with anovulatory cycles. When considering the etiology of anovulation, it is common for several conditions to coexist (e.g., PCOS and hypothyroidism), each contributing to the woman’s constellation of symptoms. All common etiologies should be considered when beginning to evaluate anovulation.1
Normal menstrual cycles occur through a complex interaction of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, and endometrium (Fig. 63-1). In an ovulatory cycle, the ovary produces a mature, estrogen-secreting follicle in response to FSH release from the pituitary. The endometrium proliferates under the influence of this estrogen production. At a critical level of estrogen concentration, the pituitary responds by producing an “LH surge,” which creates a cascade of ovarian events, culminating in ovulation. Upon oocyte release, the follicle becomes a progesterone-producing corpus luteum. The endometrium “organizes” into secretory endometrium in the presence of adequate progesterone. If conception and implantation do not occur, corpus luteum involution causes a decline in estrogen and progesterone leading to predictable, organized menstrual flow as the endometrium sloughs.
If ovulation does not occur, progesterone is not produced, and the endometrium will continue to proliferate in an “unorganized” fashion under the influence of continued estrogen production. Eventually the endometrium will become so thick that it can no longer be supported by continued estrogen production. This results in unorganized, sporadic sloughing of the endometrium, characteristic of the unpredictable and heavy bleeding of anovulation. Anovulation has several etiologies. In adolescence, hypothalamic–pituitary axis immaturity contributes to the absence of the LH surge required for ovulation. In the anorexic patient, the hypothalamus loses much of its pulsatile GnRH release, leading to low levels of FSH and LH, enough for estrogen production but not enough to induce ovulation.
Optimizing anovulatory bleeding therapy depends on accurate identification of the disorder’s cause(s). The treatment options for anovulatory bleeding are wide and varied.
Control of excessive bleeding in the short-term is paramount. Longer-term goals of therapy include restoring the natural cycle of orderly endometrial growth and shedding,29,49 decreasing anovulation complications (e.g., osteopenia, infertility), and improving overall quality of life. Table 63-2 identifies the agents used to manage anovulatory bleeding and their recommended doses.
General Approach to Treatment
Although the appropriate primary treatment choice for anovulatory bleeding depends on the accurate diagnosis of its cause and identification of desired outcomes, additional treatment may be necessary to manage other signs and symptoms. Treatment to resolve anovulatory bleeding should be initiated and any underlying menorrhagia should be managed.
Nonpharmacologic treatment options for anovulatory bleeding depend on the underlying cause. In a woman of reproductive age with PCOS, moderate weight loss of 2% to 5% may result in improved menstrual regularity and ovulatory function, reduced hirsutism, increased insulin sensitivity, and improved response to fertility treatments.21 In women who have completed childbearing or who have not responded to medical management, endometrial ablation or resection and hysterectomy are surgical options. Procedure choice involves shared decision making with the patient. In the short term, ablation results in less morbidity and shorter recovery periods. However, a significant number of women eventually undergo hysterectomy in the subsequent 5 years.29
Estrogen is the recommended treatment for managing acute severe bleeding episodes because it promotes endometrial stabilization.49 Following its initial use to control acute bleeding episodes, therapy continuation may be necessary to prevent future occurrences. OC use fulfills this role and contributes to predictable menstrual cycles.
OCs prevent recurrent anovulatory bleeding by providing a progestin and suppressing ovarian hormones and adrenal androgen production. They also, indirectly, increase sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). SHBG binds androgens and reduces their circulating free concentrations. For women with high androgen levels and its related signs such as hirsutism (e.g., those with PCOS) OCs containing less than or equal to 35 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and a progesterone that exhibits minimal androgenic side effects (e.g., norgestimate and desogestrel) or with antiandrogenic effects (e.g., drospirenone) may be desirable.20 | <urn:uuid:3c01a93d-1967-41bc-ae8e-9aa3cb0e5f6f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://basicmedicalkey.com/menstruation-related-disorders/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.886159 | 5,649 | 2.9375 | 3 |
‘It takes just a few minutes but it can save your life’ - Beccles mother urges others to have cervical smear
- Credit: Archant
Health correspondent Geraldine Scott looks at concerns awareness of a serious health issue impacting women is falling.
It is one of the most serious health issues affecting women in our region today.
But the numbers of women ensuring they have their routine cervical screening has dropped - prompting warnings from leading charities.
Around 3,000 cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed and just under 1,000 women die from the disease in the UK each year.
Cervical cancer is the 13th most common cancer for women in the UK - but unlike other forms, it specifically affects women and is particularly dangerous as there are often no symptoms in the early stages.
Because of this, campaigners say cervical screening is the most effective way of detecting the disease and treating it quickly.
This, is turn, could save the lives of thousands of mothers, daughters, sisters, aunts, and grandmothers.
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But the number of people taking up the routine screenings - known as smear tests - has fallen.
Charity Jo’s Cervical Cancer Trust says the situation across East Anglia mirrors the national picture, which shows coverage among 25 to 64-year-olds in England has fallen from 72.7pc to 72pc in the last year, with more than 1.2m women not taking up a screening invitation.
It is now the lowest it has been for 20 years.
• In Norfolk, overall coverage is down from 74.8pc to 74.4pc, 72.8pc among those aged 25-49.
• In Suffolk, rates are down from 74.5pc to 74.1pc, dropping to 72.2pc among 25-49-year-olds.
The charity is further concerned that only 71.6pc of women receive their cervical screening results within two weeks, far below the national target of 98.1pc and a huge drop from 89.1pc the year before.
Almost all (99.7pc) of cervical cancers are caused by the persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which causes changes to cervical cells. Anyone who is sexually active is at risk of contracting genital HPV and teenage girls are now routinely vaccinated against the virus.
Becky Marsh, from Beccles, in one of those who always takes up the screening and she has urged others to make sure they go along.
The mother-of-one had always had normal results until 2014, where abnormal cells were detected and further tests showed she had early-stage cancer.
“I had no symptoms whatsoever before that routine smear test in 2014 and without it wouldn’t have known I had cancer until a later stage, when it would have been much more serious and difficult to treat,” she said.
“I didn’t have to have chemotherapy or radiotherapy because my problems were discovered early.
“I dread to think what would have happened if I hadn’t gone for that appointment in 2014.
“Just a year later and I could have ended up having a hysterectomy and lost the chance to have any more children.”
Treatment was a Lletz, or ‘loop’, procedure, where a small wire loop with an electrical current running through it cuts away affected tissue and seals the wound at the same time.
Further tests after treatment came back clear and Becky is now having yearly check-ups.
But Becky added: “My experience shows just how important routine screening is and why I would always advise women to go.
“It’s free and takes just a few minutes. But it can save your life.”
When reality TV star Jade Goody died from cervical cancer in 2009, aged just 27, there was a surge in the number of women attending their smear tests.
Dubbed “the Jade Goody effect” the surge was mainly made up of young women - and research showed more than 400,000 extra cervical screening appointment attendances were recorded in England between mid-2008 and mid-2009.
But since, rates have dropped and Robert Music, chief executive of Jo’s Cervical Cancer Trust, says the latest NHS figures show “the Jade Goody effect is long gone”.
In the healthcare overhaul plan for the region, known as the Sustainability and Transformation Plan, health chiefs have promised to focus on screening for cervical cancer, alongside bowel and lung cancer. | <urn:uuid:ca5a997f-e9a6-49af-ae5d-c23e6adfd4ec> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.becclesandbungayjournal.co.uk/news/beccles-mother-urges-cervical-smear-1912710 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.969787 | 1,100 | 2.375 | 2 |
WATCH - How to make a dish garden
A potting bench or outdoor table are the best places to work and make sure you have a trowel and a good pair of gardening gloves. Choose a bowl you like that suits the environment you wish to create. Drawing a simple design can be helpful when it comes to placing your plants and make sure you have enough potting mix and gravel to get the job done.
Succulents require a dish or succulent bowl with good drainage and some gravel or small pebbles as a top layer. In some ways succulents are a good place to start as they don’t need a lot of attention. Just get the conditions right and you’ll have a miniature desert setting right on your bench top.
A moss garden likes moisture so no need for a drainage hole and you’ll need good quality potting mix to start it off. A large planter dish makes for a perfect home for your moss garden. You can transfer moss from your yard to your creation and include a plant that will thrive in the same conditions as a point of difference.
Aquatic Dish Garden
Another kind of dish garden is one using potted aquatic plants in an attractive bowl filled with water. There are a range of aquatic plants that will live quite happily indoors and look fantastic when creatively arranged in a decorative bowl. Use layers of pebbles or heavier gravel to hold the plants in place.
Don’t be afraid to add additions from your own garden or travels; a nice rock or an interesting piece of driftwood can really set off your display and make for a bit of a talking point. Making a dish garden (or two) is a great and creative way to add plants to your home. These mini eco-systems are surprisingly easy to maintain. | <urn:uuid:111c1a53-c0a6-4edd-92fe-7eb77a21e92a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newidea.com.au/gardening-made-easy-make-a-dish-garden | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.922854 | 386 | 1.992188 | 2 |
Nottinghamshire Wildlife Trust are hoping to increase our understanding of the value of nature and issues facing wildlife by suggesting 30 books to read throughout June (#30WildBooks). One writer not on their list is DH Lawrence. If he were to be included in a future campaign I would recommend Birds, Beasts and Flowers (1923) which, based on his experiences of the Mediterranean and the American Southwest, explores the poetry of nature and the otherness of the non-human world. But pick up any work by Lawrence and you’ll find a writer completely connected to his immediate environment. His Midlands novels explore the destruction of “the country of my heart” and the dehumanising effects of industrialisation, whereas his debut novel, The White Peacock (1911) includes references to over 140 different plants, flowers and trees.
“Under the froth of flowers were the purple vetch-clumps, yellow milk vetches, and the scattered pink of the wood-betony, and the floating stars of marguerites. There was a weight of honeysuckle on the hedges, where pink roses were waking up for their broad-spread flight through the day. Morning silvered the swaths of the far meadow, and swept in smooth, brilliant curves round the stones of the brook; morning ran in my veins; morning chased the silver, darting fish out of the depth, and I, who saw them, snapped my fingers at them, driving them back.” The White Peacock.
Lawrence’s short stories Adolf (rabbit) and Rex (dog) explore his childhood relationship with animals. In Adolf his father brings home a nearly-dead rabbit he’d found on his walk home. Through pure tenderness the rabbit is saved but goes on to cause havoc in the house, leaving droppings on saucers while helping itself to the sugar pot, much to the displeasure of his house-proud mother. Rex explores the naming of a dog donated to the family by an uncle. Like Adolf, the dog disrupts the order of the house and the mother wants him out. But he returns, “wagging his tail as if to say ‘Yes, I’ve come back. But I didn’t need to. I can carry on remarkably well by myself.'” It’s classic Lawrence, forcing us to see things from a different perspective.
One book on the Wildlife Trust’s recommended reading list is Moby Dick by Herman Melville. Lawrence helped establish Melville’s reputation after an essay published in Studies in Classical American Literature in 1923. It’s an incredible piece of literary criticism about the “tiresome New Englander of the ethical mystical- transcendentalist sort” and the #30WildBooks project gave me the opportunity to revisit it once more.
You can feel Lawrence’s excitement reading this seminal book. It’s like it’s written in real time, becoming more frenetic as he jumps on the ship with Ahab on “the last great hunt”. He’s intrigued as to the symbolism of this “warm-blooded” and “lovable” Leviathan and suggests that the reason the whale was never worshipped by the South Sea Islanders, Polynesians, and Malays, was because “the whale is not wicked. He doesn’t bite. And their gods had to bite”.
Lawrence is fascinated by the other and how people change when placed in isolation. Here is it the wilderness of the sea that has a profound effect on Captain Ahab’s character.
“For with sheer physical vibrational sensitiveness, like a marvellous wireless-station, he registers the effects of the outer world. And he records also, almost beyond pain or pleasure, the extreme transitions of the isolated, far-driven soul, the soul which is now alone, without any real human contact.”
Lawrence analyses the “incredible crew” on the Pequod, exploring their relationships to each other and the outer world. They make The Argonauts seem like “mild lambs in comparison” as they’re “a collection of maniacs fanatically hunting down a lonely, harmless white whale.” Never one to overplay things, he is equally irked by “the sonorous mysticism” that “gets on one’s nerves”. As much as he recognises the novel as being unequalled in terms of “esoteric symbolism” it is also one of “considerable tiresomeness”, accusations that could equally be levelled at Lawrence’s later work, particularly The Plumed Serpent (1926). Kettle black, etc.
Lawrence’s is always able to see things from the non- human perspective: “Moby Dick, the great white whale, tore off Ahab’s leg at the knee, when Ahab was attacking him. Quite right, too. Should have torn off both his legs, and a bit more besides.” Touché .
Lawrence being Lawrence, he uses Melville as a prism through which to explore his own favourite topics, most notably; blood consciousness, the spinal cord, primordial cultures, spirituality and the obligatory bromance. This was picked up by critic John Middleton Murry: “He is not concerned with Melville in and for himself, in his own quiddity. Melville exists only as a paradigm for Lawrence. But the projection of himself that Lawrence makes by means of Melville is amazing (…) It does not matter in the least whether this is a true interpretation of Moby Dick: its importance lies in the self-revelation of Lawrence.”
It’s all about me…
Biographer Andrew Harrison (2016) takes this further, suggesting “the attempt to understand the Americans and, through them, his own work, implied an incipient desire to imagine an audience for (Women in Love).”
One other area of controversy is Lawrence’s assumption that Ishmael does not survive the wreck of the Pequod. Research by JoEllyn Clarey (1986) suggests this was because he was using the original English edition of Moby Dick that omitted the epilogue. Things are never simple with Lawrence, are they?
- 30 Wild Books to Read in June (dawnoftheunread.wordpress.com)
- Nottinghamshire Wildlife Trust website (nottinghamshirewildlife.org)
- DH Lawrence – Herman Melville’s Moby Dick (xroads.virginia.edu)
- Charles Olson, Call me Ishmael (San Francisco, 1947)
- Michael J. Colacurcio, “The Symbolic and the Symptomatic: D. H. Lawrence in Recent American Criticism,” American Quarterly 27 (1975): 488. 28/Chase, p. 24.
- Ren Wellek, “The Literary Criticism of D. H. Lawrence,” Sewanee Review 91 (1983): 598-613
- JoEllyn Clarey “D. H. Lawrence’s “Moby-Dick”: A Textual Note,” Modern Philology Vol. 84, No. 2 (Nov., 1986), pp. 191-195 | <urn:uuid:b37788d5-8eb0-45ff-9c86-d13829265ea4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://thedigitalpilgrimage.wordpress.com/tag/moby-dick/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.950025 | 1,558 | 1.710938 | 2 |
In Iceland, the largest facility in the world was put into operation on Wednesday, which absorbs carbon dioxide directly from the air and turns it into a stone deep below the earth’s surface. This was announced by the Swiss company Climeworks and the Icelandic company Carbfix, which built this device.
The treatment plant is called Orca, which refers to the Icelandic word “orca” meaning energy, according to the AFP agency. He adds that the device consists of four parts, each of which consists of two further metal boxes resembling containers such as those used in maritime transport.
According to the mentioned companies, the facility has to extract 4,000 tons of carbon dioxide from the air every year. According to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), this amount corresponds to the emissions produced by about 870 cars a year, according to AFP.
The device sucks carbon dioxide through fans into the collector, where it is then filtered and isolated. The carbon dioxide is then mixed with water and then pumped to a depth of 1000 meters underground, into a basalt substrate.
Some experts argue that such devices can become one of the main tools in the fight against climate change. Their critics point out that it is a disproportionately expensive technology and it may take decades for it to work on a large scale. | <urn:uuid:5f63d9fe-20c3-4722-8b5e-699c8e5ec349> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://alwaysfreshnews.com/news/world/60851/the-largest-device-pumping-co2-from-the-air-has-started-operating-in-iceland-pravda-sk/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.969978 | 264 | 3.4375 | 3 |
Disproving God’s existence
In an online paper from Tony Berard, he attempts to disprove the existence of God.
His proof assumptions are two-fold.
1 – God can’t exist and not exist at the same time, therefore if you prove one then the other is false.
2 – You can’t prove a negative. That is not universally agreed upon but for now, let’s see where he takes it.
Since he believes you can’t prove a negative, he starts by trying to prove a positive…the existence of God. When he can’t prove the existence of God he points to his first assumption and claims that since he can’t prove the existence of God then God must therefore not exist because God can’t exist and not exist at the same time.
I’m afraid this guy might have some “splain’n” to do to God on judgment day. Can you imagine him standing before the great white throne of judgment as he looks up at God and says, “You don’t exist, here is my proof.” God has a name for him in the meantime. Psalm 14:1 says “The fool says in his heart, “There is no God.”
Searched everywhere for God
Another popular approach to prove God does not exist is to say, “I have searched for God and did not find Him. He is nowhere to be seen.” To say that, that person would have to have searched everywhere, and to do that, they would have to know where everywhere is. For example, say you lost a valuable coin, to say the coin is not anywhere in your house you would have to have searched everywhere in the house. To say you have searched everywhere, you would have to know every nook and cranny of the house including all the small places only creepy crawly things go. Does anyone know their house that well?
Job questions God
Back to searching for God. Job of the Old Testament questioned God for letting him suffer. God’s response was, of course, masterful. In Job 38:4 God asks Job “Where were you when I laid the foundation of the earth? Tell me, if you have understanding.” Over three chapters God takes Job on a tour of the cosmos and repeatedly asks him, “where were you” when I created all this? So we would have to ask the same question to the person that says they have searched for God and can’t find him. Where were they when God created the universe? How do they know the vast corners of the universe to look for God in, much less get there to search it?
After God’s direct questioning of Job, he quickly realized the foolishness of what he said to God and replied in Job 40:4 “Behold, I am insignificant; what can I reply to You? I put my hand on my mouth.”
Our friend who claims they have searched for God and since they can’t find Him He, therefore, doesn’t exist should take heed of what God asked Job.
Can’t see God even if we wanted to
As for searching for God and not finding Him, even if one did know all the places where God could be, besides His infiniteness, He is obviously different than us. He appears and disappears, steps through walls, walks on water, and rises in the clouds. Does a mere human even have the ability to even see God if they stumbled over him? Scripture says in Exodus 33:20 “for no man can see Me and live!” That pretty much precludes anyone from seeing God and living to tell you about it. And considering that fate, I’m not sure I want to see God.
Interestingly, for those who say they couldn’t find God. In Psalm 139:7 David writes about God being everywhere when he says “Where can I go from Your Spirit? Or where can I flee from Your presence?” You have to wonder where these folks are looking if God is everywhere and yet they can’t find Him.
The wisdom of man
Is anyone confused by all this? Good, that means you have been listening and trying to follow along. Don’t worry. I’ve been sharing from the wisdom of man, which God says in 1 Corinthians 1:25 that “the foolishness of God is wiser than mankind,”
God made it easy for us to find Him
So take all this proving and looking for God and throw it out the window because God made it easy for us. As a matter of fact, He made it so easy that even a child can understand. We know this not only by understanding the simplicity of the gospel but by Jesus’ own words in a prayer where he says in Luke 10:21 “I thank thee, O Father, Lord of heaven and earth, that thou hast hid these things from the wise and prudent, and hast revealed them unto babes.”
Did you catch that? Not only is the gospel understandable by children but it is hidden from the wise. Would that be those who are so wise they can disprove that God exists or search the universe for God?
How to know God
God doesn’t stoop to having to be proven by man’s foolish wisdom. We can know God exists through faith. Hebrews 11:3 says “By faith we understand that the universe was created by the word of God.” We can also know God exists through our personal experience with Him. John 14:17says “You know him, for he dwells with you and will be in you.” And it’s all very plain for us to see. No searching or proving required. Romans 1:19says “what can be known about God is plain to them, because God has shown it to them.”
Personal proofs of God
As to proving God exists. Do we need to prove it? Not really. But if you must, ask yourself, how do you know you have a brain? Have you ever seen it? How do you know it exists?
Jesus uses the example of wind in John 3:8 to make a slightly different point but the concept is the same. Has anyone ever seen the wind? Do you experience it? What if I were to give you a very detailed scientific explanation that wind does not really exist? Would you believe it?
Have you experienced God in your life? How He took care of you, calmed you, cared for you, loved you? Yet you have never seen God. In the same way, any theory or proof that says God does not exist should be shunned by you. Ignore it. It’s a hoax.
The practical application of all this is, don’t waste your time on fancy convoluted theories and proofs to prove or disprove God. Believe God. Have faith brothers and sisters. God is real. Remember that next time you scratch your head or feel the wind. | <urn:uuid:42fd9e9d-5ca8-45d4-a076-2f4f92846b09> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.bcworldview.org/proof-of-gods-non-existence/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.968053 | 1,497 | 2.1875 | 2 |
Music of Bakhshis of Khorasan, a song of Iran in UNESCO World Heritage List
Music of Bakhshis of Khorasan or maqami music is one of the Iranian intangible heritages registered in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Based on what Khorasan people believe, a Bakhshi is a person who is capable of playing dotar, as well as having features that only God can bestow on him.
The traditional music of Bakhshis of Khorasan was registered in 2010 by UNESCO. This pleasant music which is transmitted to the student through the teacher’s teachings, conveys a sense of perpetuation and cultural identity among the communities of Khorasan, and is an integral part of history, culture and religion of Khorasan. In this article, we will learn more about Iranian music and in particular about Khorasan maqami music.
North Khorasan music
Most of the residents of northern Khorasan are Kord and Turk immigrants who have their own special music. The north of Khorasan province, while having more breadth and diversity, also owns a special atmosphere, and epic, mysticism, love and mourning are the main backgrounds of this music. The music of this region from Iran is in fact the music of the mountains and plains, and tells the story of an eventful and sad life.
The musicians of North Khorasan are composed of three groups of lovers, Bakhshis and Luties. Lovers are the most ancient musicians who play instruments like Sorna, Dohol, Kamancheh, and Dayereh. From ancient times, Luties also have been the owners of Dayereh, and they were the messengers of the society of that time. So that this group of musicians were constantly traveling and narrating the events, news and events of the society. Meanwhile, Bakhsis known as improvisation and improvisation have the ability to play and sing for a long time, and are among the narrators of oral culture in North Khorasan.
Bakhshis of North Khorasan
According to the folklore and beliefs of the popular culture of the people of North Khorasan, not everybody who plays Dotar is a Bakhshi, and in fact Bakhshi means someone to whom God has bestowed blessings and whose moral characteristics and spiritual perfections have made him a distinct person. According to these narrations, a Bakhshi should be able to sing, play music, compose poetry, tell stories, and make and tune his own instrument. Thus, the phrase “Bakhshi” not only includes the musical skills of Dotar musicians and their knowledge, but also refers to the special respect of people for “Bakhshi” and its social status which is a common feature of musicians in North Khorasan and Turkmen Sahara. Therefore, a Bakhshi needs to be proficient in playing music, euphonic in singing, and predominant in storytelling and poetry reading. In terms of knowledge and mysticism, he must reach a stage that deserves to be called a Bakhshi. Also, the word “Bakhsi” is a Turkish word derived from the root “Baghish”, meaning someone who has blessing from someone.
Bakhshi music conveys the history, culture, moral and religious principles of Khorasan tribes, so that the social role of Bakhshis goes beyond the narration and storytelling. It is considered a healer and guardian of the cultural heritage of Khorasan tribes.
Bakhshis of northern parts of Khorasan are among the most original Dotar musicians who narrate all kinds of stories and epics to the people verbally. The most famous piece of Maqami music or music of Bakhshis of Khorasan is called “Navai”. This piece of music is unique and is accompanied by special mystical poems. This heritage is one of the most beautiful local songs in Iran which never be forgotten. Among the most famous Bakhshis of North Khorasan, we can mention Khan Mohammad Gheitaghi, Oliagholi Yeganeh Bakhshi Khirabad, Ahmad Gholi Ahmadi, Haj Ghorban Soleimani, Abbas Gholi Ranjbar, Alireza Soleimani and others.
Music of Bakhshis of Khorasan an indelible heritage
The traditional music of Bakhshis of Khorasan is one of the Iran’s intangible heritage which was registered in 2010 by UNESCO. This pleasant music, which is passed on to the student through the teacher’s teachings, was previously played only by the men of the family, but in today’s teachings both groups of men and women play an important role in playing traditional Khorasan music. According to UNESCO, music is a part of the sense of perpetuation and cultural identity among Khorasan communities and is an integral part of the history, culture and religion of Khorasan. | <urn:uuid:2c827803-0dc6-44a2-9a7b-1ba2e634f3a7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://chiyakotravel.com/music-of-bakhshis-of-khorasan/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.964751 | 1,040 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Written by Amani Nilar
17 Jun, 2022 | 5:53 pm
COLOMBO (News 1st); A system will be set up to temporarily attach children to the nearest school, says the Secretary to the Ministry of Education, M.N. Ranasinghe. He stated that it is expected to be implemented until December 31 this year in view of the current crisis and its impact on the education sector.
The Secretary to the Ministry of Education, M.N. Ranasinghe told the Committee on Public Accounts (COPA) on 15th June that the education sector as a whole has entered a very serious and complex process and it is more difficult to manage the situation in the face of the economic crisis than the COVID-19 pandemic situation.
He stated this addressing a special meeting of the COPA chaired by Prof. Tissa Vitarana to examine the Future Educational Plans to be Implemented and Measures taken to Overcome the Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic and the Prevailing Economic Crisis on the Education System of Sri Lanka.
Officials from the Ministry of Education, the National Institute of Education, the Department of Examinations, the Department of Education Publications and the University Grants Commission were summoned to this special meeting.
The Secretary pointed out that the inability to cover the curriculum in the limited time available due to the inability to hold school on the scheduled days, the existing fuel shortage, the economic hardships of the children’s families and the loss of jobs to the parents are becoming a serious problem.
Moreover, the officials pointed out that although teaching is done through online technology, there are various difficulties in the rural areas and the long term implementation of the online method in the learning process is not a successful method for the students.
The Secretary said that the inadequacy of funds allocated to the Ministry in the face of current economic crisis is another major problem and that action should be taken to repurpose the funds of projects such as UNICEF, ADB, World Bank which are to be received from other institutions other than government sources and to implement priority programs.
The Committee also paid special attention to the need to limit the scope of the syllabus applicable to the examination in a situation where it is not possible to cover the entire syllabus due to the limited number of days of schooling. Otherwise, the committee pointed out, children as well as teachers would be under severe pressure.
It was revealed that the learning loss of students in the year 2020 was 54% and by August 2021 it was 88%. In such a situation, the committee emphasized the need for the Department of Examinations to prepare question papers in a manner that would not be unfair to the students considering the relevant learning loss during the examinations.
Meanwhile, the committee recommended that a policy decision be taken in this regard in coordination with the National Institute of Education, the Ministry of Education and the Department of Examinations.
The Committee commended the Commissioner General of Examinations and all other officials for conducting the National Examinations, including the GCE Ordinary Level, in a proper manner despite all the difficulties. The Committee also commended the education authorities, including all teachers, for their efforts in maintaining the education sector in the face of the COVID-19 situation and the prevailing economic crisis.
The problems in the university system during this crisis situation were also discussed. In the face of difficulties such as fuel and gas shortages, students are being called to universities only for practical tests and lectures are being conducted online, officials said.
The Committee recommended to the University Grants Commission that the World Bank-funded USD 100 million project be reconsider and put to good use in the face of the ongoing crisis.
16 Aug, 2022 | 05:18 PM
25 Jul, 2022 | 03:47 PM
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Please contact us at [email protected] | <urn:uuid:eafd9c0f-3200-48f6-8ad0-65fdd1d4bf7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newsfirst.lk/2022/06/17/plans-to-attach-children-to-nearest-schools-due-to-crisis-education-secretary/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.963379 | 825 | 1.632813 | 2 |
Having trouble with the video? Try this link.
Let’s look at the Budget Approval App in KiSSFLOW. To start, install it from the Apps tab.
When you look at the form, you’ll see several basic fields like name, email, and department. You can set these to populate automatically using some system formulas like this one.
The form also has sections to request for budget amounts for a particular financial year, total budget, available funds, and requested and approved amounts.
Over in the workflow, each item is set to be approved by the Head of the Department and then to be processed by Finance, the CFO, and the CEO. In this example, the CEO approval only happens if the total budget requested is above $1,000,000.00
Finally you can adjust the settings for the app. I’ll change the subject to something like Budget Request from [employee name] for [Requesting_for_the_Financial_Yea].
That’s how to set up your Budget Approval App in KiSSFLOW. | <urn:uuid:10f81260-9d9f-400a-96b5-780aba293c5e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://help.kissflow.com/en/articles/2570435-setting-up-the-budget-approval-app | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.910204 | 228 | 1.5 | 2 |
Climates: Past and Future EARTH4074
- Academic Session: 2021-22
- School: School of Geographical and Earth Sciences
- Credits: 20
- Level: Level 4 (SCQF level 10)
- Typically Offered: Semester 1
- Available to Visiting Students: Yes
- Available to Erasmus Students: Yes
This course teaches the fundamental concepts needed to understand how Earth's climate system works, including forcings, responses, feedbacks and the greenhouse effect, and explores how palaeoclimatic proxies and models are used to reconstruct past climates and project future change.
Four classes per week for 3 weeks (2 hr lecture and 1 hr lab per class).
EARTH4021 - Palaeoclimatology
Written Exam (50%)
Main Assessment In: December
Are reassessment opportunities available for all summative assessments? Not applicable for Honours courses$reassessOppTxt
The course aims to:
■ Provide knowledge and critical analytical skills to test the rigour of mainstream reports and commentary on climate change;
■ Synthesize scientific palaeoclimate research and data and use it to contextualise and derive possible solutions to modern and future climate change problems
Intended Learning Outcomes of Course
By the end of this course students will be able to:
■ Explain the forces at work at the Earth's surface that contribute to make up Earth's major climate and weather systems.
■ Compare and contrast key climate events and trends over the past 65 million years to contextualise modern climate change.
■ Evaluate the rates and timescales over which internal and external forces cause climate change with the aid of positive and negative feedback mechanisms.
■ Discuss the most commonly used palaeoclimate archives and proxies available for terrestrial and marine palaeoclimate reconstructions and evaluate their efficacy and limitations.
■ Analyse the use of palaeoclimatology in to calibrate global climate models and discuss how climate sensitivity uses specific past climate events to contextualise anthropogenic forcing.
■ Work as a team to tackle various climate change problems by locating, analysing, and synthesizing information from a variety of sources.
Minimum Requirement for Award of Credits
Students must submit at least 75% by weight of the components (including examinations) of the course's summative assessment. | <urn:uuid:06415faf-c6b2-459c-8b4d-188b4807b3f0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.gla.ac.uk/postgraduate/taught/environmentalfuturessustainablesystems/?card=course&code=EARTH4074 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.856413 | 507 | 2.546875 | 3 |
We are seeking Preschool Teachers (lead and assistant) to join our new school!
Not just any Preschool, a Science Preschool. The first of its kind in the state of Georgia. We are seeking enthusiastic, curious, energetic individuals who have a passion for teaching children, and a creative, "thinking-outside-the-box" mindset. These individuals will be trained on how to teach STEAM (Science Technology Engineering Arts & Math) to preschoolers using The Seeds of STEM curriculum and our unique Science curriculum. Training will also include using the Engineering Design Process in teaching preschoolers.
The core values of our school: INTEGRITY, EMPATHY, COMPASSION, HONESTY, DEPENDABILITY, RELIABILITY, EFFICIENCY, COMMITMENT, and an unending CURIOSITY!
Instruct preschool-aged children using the engineering design process in activities designed to promote scientific thinking using the Seeds of STEM curriculum.
Create a fun and safe learning environment
Develop schedules and routines to ensure adequate physical activity, rest, and playtime
Establish and maintain positive relationships with students and parents
Communicate with parents on students' growth and progress
Maintain the health and safety of all students
Follow the rules and regulations of the school
Reliable and responsible for all assigned duties
Degree in Early Childhood Education, Child Development, Art, Science, Liberal Arts, or related field (minimum, Bachelor required for Lead teacher). Dedicated to ongoing professional development.
Or CDA Credentials, Georgia Approved Trainer preferred. Please submit a copy of your training approval letter.
Experience working in a childcare setting.
Strong organization skills, interpersonal skills, and communication skills (written and oral).
Proficient in Word, Excel, and PowerPoint.
Knowledge of Bright From the Start regulations, Quality Rated system, Environmental Rating Scales, and Georgia State-Funded Pre-K system.
Knowledge of National Accreditation standards and assessment tools including the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC), National Early Childhood Program Accreditation (NECPA), Council on Accreditation (COA), and the National Association for Family Child Care (NAFCC).
Previous experience in childcare, teaching, or other related fields
Academic qualifications: bachelor's degree in early childhood education/training, Arts, Science, Liberal Arts, or related field and or bachelor's degree (minimum). (Lead teacher)
Associates degree/ CDA (assistant)
Meet all Georgia Department of Early Learning training certifications and qualifications for preschool teachers
Must be able to pass a federal background check
Passionate about working with children
Ability to build rapport with children and their families
Positive and patient demeanor
Understand STEAM concepts (or be eager to learn)
Understand The Engineering Design Process (or be eager to learn)
Excellent written and verbal communication skills
Ability to follow directions
Ability to work as a team and be a productive team member
Ability to work respectfully with others
Self-directed with the ability to work independently.
Physical Demands/Work Environment
Consistently standing for 2 hours or more.
Bending, frequent use of hands, stooping, and moderate lifting (at least 25 pounds) required.
The noise level in the work environment may be high at times.
Physical demands of working with preschoolers
“NICE TO HAVE”
pleasant to be around
A life-long learner
Always open to other ideas
Valid driver's license and personal transportation required.
Sanitizing, disinfecting, or cleaning procedures in place
We shall follow all the CDC GUIDELINES for Preschools
To apply, please send resume to [email protected] or call (770) 282-6891
To learn more about careers at Science Akademeia, CLICK HERE | <urn:uuid:c02fbf8f-6220-426f-9e4a-7163be3f9c59> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gzdev.gnfcc.com/jobs/Details/preschool-teachers-65305 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.882993 | 845 | 1.882813 | 2 |
1. Puran Poli :
is a traditional type of sweet flatbread made in India in the states of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujarat Tamil Nadu and Goa.
2. Gulab jamun :
Gulab jamun is a milk-solids -based dessert, similar to a dumpling, popular in countries of the South Asian Subcontinent such as India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Pakistan and Bangladesh, also in the Caribbean countries of Trinidad, Guyana, Suriname and Jamaica and in Mauritius. In Nepal it is widely known as Lal-Mohan, served with or without yogurt. It is made mainly from milk solids, traditionally from freshly curdled milk. In India, milk solids are prepared by heating milk over a low flame for a long time until most of the water content has evaporated. These milks solids, known as khoya in Pakistan and India, are kneaded into a dough, sometimes with a pinch of flour, and then shaped into small balls and deep fried at a low temperature of about 148
3. Aamras :
Aamras or Amras is the pulp of the tropical fruit Mango eaten in India. The pulp of a ripe fruit is extracted usually by hand and consumed along with Chapati. At times ghee and milk are added to the pulp to enhance its flavour. Sugar is also added to adjust the sweetness.A regional version of Amras is a popular dessert in Rajasthani cuisine and Marwari, Maharashtra, Gujarati homes, especially during festivities.Since the fruit is seasonal, being harvested at the end of summer, the need to preserve the fruit in the form of pulp has given rise to a moderately large Mango processing industry.
4. Methi na Gota :
At this time of winter, it is pleasure to have hot Methi gota with a fried chili and cup of tea. It is very popular snack from Gujarat. You will find these methi pakoda in every shop which sells snacks aka Farsan in Gujarat. Apart from winter, it tastes best in monsoon. When its raining, you will see a big crowd at stalls.methi na gota or methi pakora is a gujarati deep fried snack. basically these are fritters made with besan/gram flour and fenugreek leaves. they are usually served as a snack during tea time.i have had methi na gota many times while living in mumbai. whenever we would buy mix pakora platter from the gujarati snack shops, they would also add methi na gota in the pakora mix. the texture used to be so soft and spongy, unlike the onion pakora or aloo pakora that used to be there in the platter
5. Panipuri :
The Panipuri is a popular street snack in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Nepal. It consists of a round, hollow puri, fried crisp and filled with a mixture of flavored water (pani), tamarind chutney, chili, chaat masala, potato, onion and chickpeas. It is generally small enough to fit completely into one s mouth. It is a popular street food dish in Mumbai, Kolkata, Delhi, Lucknow, Karachi, Lahore, Chittagong, Dhaka and Kathmandu. In North India it is known as Gol Gappa. The name gol gappa refers to the crisp sphere (gol) that is placed in the mouth and eaten (gappa) one at a time. Pani comes from the Hindi word for water and puri (or poori) is the name of an Indian bread made by deep frying in oil. Dogras, Kashmiris, Bhaderwahis, Gujjars, Paharis, Ladakhis, Himachalis of North India called it Gol Gappa . It is known as bataasha in the Western region of Uttar Pradesh. Bataasha is something which gets smashed with application of a slight pressure; the bataasha gets smashed as soon as it is placed inside the mouth. It is known as Phuchka in Eastern Indian states like Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal, also in Bangladesh. Because of the bursting sound in the mouth when it is eaten, called gup chup in Odisha,Hyderabad and South Jharkhand. Gol-Gappa or Pani Pataase in Madhya Pradesh, Gup-Chup or Gol-Gappa or Panipuri in Chhattisgarh. In several parts of Gujarat and Kutch. It is commonly known as pakodi, not to be confused with pakoda.
6. Chutney :
I love the company of chutneys with my main dishes and always churning up some every alternate day to soothe my cravings. Coriander chutney happens to be my favorite but when it comes to preparing it, I am a bit conservative; until I eat this chutney at my Gujarati aunts place. The moment it touched my tongue, the flavors blew my mind! It has the aromatic flavors of cilantro, but there was something else which made it taste
7. Maize :
known in some English-speaking countries as corn, is a large grain plant domesticated by indigenous peoples in Mesoamerica in prehistoric times. The leafy stalk produces ears which contain the grain, which are seeds called kernels. Maize kernels are often used in cooking as a starch. | <urn:uuid:684f201b-6edd-4721-8154-7e587be1d1db> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://rasoitime.com/food-to-try-in-gujarat/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.960197 | 1,156 | 2.140625 | 2 |
If you’re aware of the coronavirus pandemic, chances are pretty high you’re also aware that Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) just announced its COVID-19 Vaccination and Testing Emergency Temporary Standard (Vaccine and Testing ETS). This regulation would require most employers with 100 or more employees to either mandate the coronavirus vaccine for their employees or have them get regularly tested and wear a face-covering in the workplace.
This emergency temporary standard has been expected for at least a few months, so it wasn’t surprising that states, associations and organizations filed a flurry of lawsuits seeking to stop its implementation. What was slightly surprising was that the Vaccine and Testing ETS was almost immediately stayed, or put on hold by the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
This decision doesn’t mean the Vaccine and Testing ETS has been struck down or ruled invalid. It simply means that until the legality of the vaccine and testing mandate can be decided by the courts, its mandates will not be in effect.
Judicial Review of Agency Regulations
States, companies, individuals and anyone else negatively affected by a regulation can ask a federal court to set it aside. Generally speaking, a court will set aside a regulation in whole or in part if the regulation:
- Is unconstitutional;
- Did not follow the proper rulemaking procedures as required by the Administrative Procedure Act (APA) or other applicable law;
- Goes beyond the legal authority of the agency; and/or
- Is arbitrary, capricious or an abuse of discretion.
The various lawsuits challenging the Vaccination and Testing ETS are making one or more of these assertions. Let’s take a look at some of the more prominent lawsuits and what they’re arguing.
BST Holding, L.L.C v. OSHA
The petitioners argue to the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit that the Vaccination and Testing ETS should be set aside because it exceeds OSHA’s statutory authority, exceeds Congress’ authority under the Interstate Commerce Clause and exceeds OSHA’s authority pursuant to the nondelegation doctrine. In support, petitioners make the following arguments:
- The ETS doesn’t address a workplace hazard. Rather, it deals with a threat that exists everywhere in the world.
- The ETS doesn’t address a “grave” danger in the workplace.
- The ETS isn’t sufficiently tailored to address workplace threats.
- The coronavirus is not a toxic substance.
- The ETS does not substantially influence interstate commerce.
- The ETS violates the Tenth Amendment.
- OSHA’s creation of the ETS is an unlawful exercise of legislative power.
Florida v. OSHA
Florida is the lead petitioner in this case, but several other states and entities have joined, including Alabama, Georgia and a few businesses and schools. In their petition filed in the Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, petitioners contend that in promulgating the ETS:
- OSHA exceeded its statutory authority;
- OSHA did not follow the correct procedures for creating an emergency temporary standard; and
- The rights granted by the First Amendment and Religious Freedom Restoration Act will be violated by the ETS.
Missouri v. Biden
Missouri leads a group of states asking the Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to vacate the Vaccination and Testing ETS. The other states joining Missouri in its petition are:
- North Dakota
- South Dakota
- New Hampshire
Non-state entities have also joined Missouri, including schools and various organizations and associations. In support of their position, these petitioners present the following arguments:
- This ETS is unconstitutional because it infringes on state power as protected by the Tenth Amendment;
- OSHA did not have the statutory authority to create the ETS; and
- Justification for the ETS is not supported by substantial evidence.
Other Pending Lawsuits
There are other cases challenging OSHA’s coronavirus emergency temporary standard, such as:
- The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary v. OSHA (filed in the Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit)
- Kentucky v. OSHA (filed in the Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit)
- Texas v. U.S. Department of Labor (filed in the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit)
What Happens Next?
Many of these cases will likely get consolidated into a single circuit court. Which one it is will be up to a random drawing by the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation (JPML). Although after a court is chosen, it could still be transferred to another court if a party’s request is granted.
Where this case is heard may affect whether the Vaccination and Testing ETS survives judicial review. This is because not all federal courts are created equally.
The political affiliation of a judge can give a small clue into how they might potentially rule in a case. But federal judges have their unique judicial philosophies and temperaments. So they won’t always issue decisions in line with the political party of the President that nominated them.
Despite this fact, there are overarching trends that exist in each federal circuit. The more liberal circuits include the Second, Ninth and Tenth. Some of the more conservative circuits include the Fifth, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth.
The Fifth Circuit is arguably the most conservative, which isn’t surprising as it covers districts in Louisiana, Mississippi and Texas. The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals also just happens to be the court that has already stayed the Vaccination and Testing ETS.
In practice, any advantages due to the political leanings of the judges are slight. But with so much on the line, it’s understandable that litigants will try to get every bit of advantage possible.
The Bottom Line
The main legal arguments against OSHA’s Vaccination and Testing Emergency Temporary Standard include violations of the Tenth Amendment, OSHA exceeding its statutory, OSHA not creating the ETS properly and the workplaces risks not justifying the imposition of the ETS. No matter which court gets the case and makes a decision, an appeal all the way up to the U.S. Supreme Court is likely. | <urn:uuid:db063036-b003-4c63-a78d-604cb1a30660> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.forbes.com/sites/tomspiggle/2021/11/09/legal-challenges-to-oshas-vaccination-and-testing-emergency-temporary-standard/?sh=34516ea47ae2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.940931 | 1,334 | 2.03125 | 2 |
ALBANY, N.Y. (AP) — New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo has directed state authorities to prevent nearly 3,000 registered sex offenders now on parole from playing "Pokemon Go" in an effort to safeguard children who play.
The state's Department of Corrections and Community Services is making that a condition of supervised release from state prison for all sex offenders.
The state says Monday that county probation offices should adopt the same policy.
The Democratic governor has also sent a letter to software developer Niantic requesting help prohibiting sexual predators from playing the online game, where players roam through the physical world searching for virtual Pokemon creatures.
State Sen. Jeff Klein, a Democrat who raised similar concerns last week, says New York already prohibits high-level offenders from using social media. | <urn:uuid:bb9f8c80-57ca-4d6c-8bec-e447500d8fea> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.newschannel5.com/news/national/ny-parole-authorities-to-bar-sex-offenders-from-pokemon-go | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.931834 | 159 | 1.632813 | 2 |
About The Charts and Nutrition Facts
- For accuracy, the calorie chart and fat chart are based on the biggest serving size available.
- These nutrition facts came directly from the USDA or manufacturer/restaurant.
- If you're using a calorie counter, remember that Fat, Carbs, and Protein calories are just close estimations based on the Atwater factors:
Fat: 9 cal/g Carb: 4 cal/g Protein: 4 cal/g
- Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Please remember this when using this information to make healthy food choices for your diet.
Calories - One serving has a total Calorie count of 167 Calories. This breaks down as 9 Calories from Fat, 136 Calories from Carbohydrate, and 24 Calories from Protein. See the calorie chart below.
Fat - One serving of this size contains 1 gram of total Fat. There are several types of Fat and the amounts vary for each food. In this case there is no Saturated Fat, Trans Fat is unknown, and there is 1 gram left over.
Cholesterol - A serving of this size contains no Cholesterol. This is good news if cholesterol is part of your healthy eating plan.
Carbohydrates - One serving of this food has 34 grams of Carbohydrate. A closer look reveals 1 gram of Sugar and 2 grams of Fiber. Also, a serving of this size has 32 Net Carbs. Net Carbs are calculated by subtracting Fiber and Sugar Alcohols (if known) from the total Carbohydrate amount. This is useful to know if you are counting carbs or living with diabetes.
Protein - There are 6 grams of Protein in each serving of this food.
Minerals - At this serving size the Iron and Calcium amounts could not be obtained (they were not provided to us).This food has 251 mg of Sodium in each serving.
Vitamins - This food may contain unknown quantities of Vitamin A and Vitamin C -- we could not obtain the values in this case. | <urn:uuid:295c75c6-63b3-4fce-96da-515b260bb221> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://quitehealthy.com/nutrition-facts/babs-deli/R236001.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.917752 | 420 | 3.15625 | 3 |
A birthday trip to the beach near Kodiak Island in Alaska took a terrifying turn as a woman, her two friends and two small dogs became stranded in a bright pink flamingo inflatable raft.
Hollie Spence was celebrating her 30th birthday last weekend, and with temperatures relatively warm in the 60s, she and two friends went to the beach with a 10-foot-long pink flamingo, she told the Washington Post.
As the group got situated in the brightly-colored raft, the winds picked up and swept the flamingo into frigid waters and toward the Gulf of Alaska.
For the next hour, the group stayed inside the flamingo raft as the wind and current carried them. Eventually, the inflatable raft snagged on a cluster of rocks and began to deflate, then it began to take on water.
A U.S. Coast Guard helicopter arrived shortly after and was able to airlift the friends and their dogs back to safety.
In a Facebook post showing images of the rescue, the Coast Guard said because of “the treacherous circumstances, a helicopter hoist was the best option to bring these folks and their animals back to shore, safe and sound!”
People nearby recorded the rescue, with the bright pink flamingo raft standing out against the rocks.
Spence thanked those who rescued her in a Facebook post of her own.
“Thank you every single one of you gentlemen & every kodiak resident that cared, reported & made sure we were ok! I will NEVER forget my 30th birthday!!”
Spence told the media outlet Alaska Landmine the flamingo was rescued, too. | <urn:uuid:5ab5d046-ea8d-4a74-8d5e-e5748bb69f15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.kxxv.com/news/national/coast-guard-rescues-3-friends-on-a-pink-flamingo-raft-stranded-in-frigid-alaska-bay | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.973885 | 339 | 1.765625 | 2 |
For Jerry Maguire to get to “Show me the money,” he went through many ups and downs in his sales game. But he took it head on and, with a little sales coaching help, crossed the finish line to hit his infamous sales quota and earn a name for himself.
You may be nodding along; it’s perfectly relatable. But reality has changed substantially as technology, and digital platforms take over the sales cycle.
It’s no more as easy as picking up the phone or dropping into a customer’s office for a quick sale. Some significant changes that make selling more complex than ever include:
- Sales cycles have gotten longer owing to a shift in buyer-seller interactions on digital platforms. In 2021, 52% of buyers experienced a longer sales cycle for new vendors while 35% felt the same for existing vendors, as compared to previous years.
- The buyer is no longer an individual but a group. It takes multiple discussions with various stakeholders to make a purchase decision. 94% of sellers sell to a group of three or more buyers.
As hitting those sales quota attainment rates gets more challenging, reps also fall behind on their win rates. Lower win rates mean fewer deals closed, and fewer deals closed eventually lead to the result no sales organization wants to see – low revenue.
So, how can you Jerry Maguire your way out of missing sales quota attainment? Let’s find out in this blog.
What’s a Sales Quota?
Sales quota is a quantitative goal that sales reps have to achieve in a given period, be it a month, quarter, year, or more. Quotas help leaders and reps establish a clear expectation of sales success during that period.
For reps, sales quota also determines how much they get compensated for their performance relative to the company’s benefit. And therefore, sales quota attainment is crucial for individual and organizational growth.
Here are 6 types of sales quotas:
It’s the exact financial amount that each rep has to bring in and is most commonly used.
Volume quotas determine the number of units a rep must sell to keep the company’s inventory rotating.
This quota rewards reps for the activities they undertake to complete a sale—for example, cold emails, phone calls, and scheduled meetings.
It focuses on the number of resources taken to close a deal, getting the most value without going over budget.
Forecast quota uses past sales data to set goals for the current period and is used when a company has consistent seasonal trends over several years.
A combination quota blends two or more quotas to meet goals for multi-perspective analysis.
Why Sales Teams Need a Sales Quota
Not assigning sales quotas to reps is like shooting arrows in the dark. After all, the selling process is the most crucial buyer-seller interaction and drives business revenue.
Most importantly, sales quotas help –
1. Remove Ambiguity & Set Standards
Sales quotas act as a sales success benchmark, giving reps a clear outline of their responsibilities. For organizations, quotas help set company-wide standards for the high levels you aspire to gain.
2. Ensure Fair Compensation
Well-defined sales quotas give you an accurate representation of the work going into prospecting and improving conversion rates. They let you assign fair compensation to reps and track the commission paid.
3. Boost Morale
Demotivation among sales reps can lead to attrition, increasing hiring costs, and losing competitive advantage. Hitting sales quotas gives your reps a sense of accomplishment and the confidence to take on more.
Are you doing all of this, yet your sales reps are struggling to achieve their quotas? Here’s what could be going wrong.
Why is your Sales Quota Attainment Slipping?
In 2021, only 24% of sales reps exceeded their quotas.
Thanks to technological advancement, organizations are adding new tools to their sales tech stack to address this problem. Despite the efforts, sales quota attainment rates are traveling downward.
Let’s find out why.
1. Ineffective coaching
You may have spent a lot of time and money crafting an excellent onboarding (training) program. But when it comes to the real world, reps must be ready to face the music – song and dance et al. That’s where a continuous learning (coaching) approach comes in handy.
At other times, your business may not have centralized training. Maybe you trust individual managers to train their teams as they see fit. The problem with this is each group will work differently; there’ll be no cohesive approach to closing deals, and some reps may miss out on key information.
Your managers may also not have complete visibility of leading indicators for setting up the right coaching process. These could be understanding multiple buyer personas, the number and value of pipeline opportunities, lack of follow-ups, inconsistent customer satisfaction, and low open or response rates.
2. No clarity on deals
You’ve invested in an excellent tool for recording CRM data, but that’s just what it does. Can your reps leverage this data? If they can’t, it becomes challenging for a rep to figure out why exactly a deal went south and what they could have done better.
In this scenario, managers are responsible for steering their team to success. But it’s equally difficult to coach for more positive outcomes when you don’t have qualitative insights.
Another growing problem is pipeline management. Sometimes, sales reps are wary of letting go of opportunities, even though they’re not viable anymore. And when pipelines have had too much to eat, they bloat. Bloated pipelines give skewed insights, wasting your time and resources while overshadowing good deals.
3. Time lost on non-selling tasks
Close to 82% of top-performing sales reps spend four hours and up on actual sales-related activities. But this isn’t the case for all.
Reps engaging in tasks that don’t directly impact their goals end up missing their quota attainment. The struggle is real because it leads to a dip in productivity. In fact, only 18% of salespeople find their job outstanding.
It only causes further problems when they want to leave. Turnover is a growing challenge and has increased by as much as 39% in the latter half of 2021. Ultimately, turnover leads to revenue leakage because deals aren’t closed, and prospects move on.
4. Reliance on siloed data & poor team alignment
There are multiple sales products in the digital market today. But most offer single-point solutions. For example, sales training and CRM aren’t part of the same solution. Investing in multiple products is expensive, not to mention a strain on your organizational tech stack and challenging for reps to learn each one.
The result? Complete sales readiness is out the window.
Some CRM solutions offer data storage options but don’t clean up dirty data. That becomes a major problem when 44% of organizations have annually lost an estimated 10% of revenue, courtesy of bad data. Understandably, you don’t want to be one of them.
Dirty data impacts personalization, pipeline opportunities, decision-making, and productivity. Moreover, siloed CRM data for each department worsens the problem by disrupting goal alignment and making one team’s data impractical for the other.
5. Wrong metrics for measuring success
As much as 30% of high-performing RevOps organizations struggle to track success accurately.
Generally, leaders and managers monitor adoption and engagement metrics, such as how many customers a rep reached out to. But that’s only one part of a much larger picture.
They miss out on more qualitative metrics, such as an individual rep’s performance in line with the business’ Ideal Rep Profile (IRP). Managers may also not track sales data from conversations with prospects because of a lack thereof.
Improve Sales Quota Attainment for Your Reps
You could have a Friday night party celebrating sales success or, even better, take your reps on an all-expenses paid trip to the local resort. But these short-term incentives will only boost their confidence momentarily.
For consistent sales performance, you need to tie back sales quotas to the rep’s and organization’s goals.
Here’s what you can do.
1. Use technology that your reps love
Data is a goldmine for sales organizations to assess performance and patterns from lost or won deals and lock down target accounts. Sales intelligence tools have in-depth insights into reps’ performance in the field, giving leaders better information on improvement areas.
Now, more than ever, organizations need tools to onboard, coach, and manage reps performance. Sales tools are built to help with this, but reps need more time to sell, and less on learning new technologies. In fact, 76% of organizations say they miss sales quotas owing to poor adoption of sales tools. What makes it worse, companies lose money when reps don’t hit quota attainment and also when they’ve purchased tools which are poorly used.
Nektar is a solution free from clunky plugins and manual intervention. Therefore, it’s easy to implement, doesn’t need adoption from reps and delivers business critical insights which adds tremendous value to your pipeline, quickly.
Managers also benefit from a one-stop solution as they can monitor interactions between reps and buyers, understand the factors contributing to a successful deal, and continually drive more success by coaching reps.
Reps can use the data to find what buyers seek most and communicate value to them. They learn to speak the prospect’s language and provide value beyond just selling the product. When reps are empowered to communicate value over product features, they can sell better and improve win rates.
2. Review sales processes to simplify complex approaches
Sales processes can make or break a deal, primarily driving how a rep approaches the prospect and takes the conversation forward.
But selling is getting more complicated. Buyers are becoming more knowledgeable with easy access to online resources and, as such, prefer digital mediums to make a purchase. 83% of buyers turn to order and pay via digital commerce.
Most sales teams are familiar with the top-bottom and bottom-top approaches to setting sales quotas. What works more effectively is a combination of both – having goals set at the organizational level and individual and blending them for success.
It also gives managers a wider perspective of sales processes to identify flaws and help sellers improve. These flaws or bottlenecks limit sales progress and could be anything – lack of resources, manager inaccessibility, excess time on low-impact activities, and delays in approvals, among others.
Sales intelligence data is invaluable here.
Solutions like Nektar use automated data capture to look at your pipeline, identify bottlenecks, and figure out why you’re losing deals and what’s working. Leaders can simplify complicated approaches, where reps dedicate more time to key sales tasks.
3. Dive deeper into consumer behaviour
Why is consumer behavior in the picture when you should be concentrating on your sales quota attainment? Because the better reps understand your customers, the better they can leverage those insights to close deals successfully.
So, set up your Ideal Customer Profile (ICP) and dig deeper into buyer behaviour.
Let’s start with this. Nearly half of the working population born after 1977 are 65 years or older. It means that millennial buyers are more active on the scene; they’re the ones who grew up with Google Search and social media. And therefore, they’re more comfortable with technology and digital buying; 54% of millennial B2B buyers increasingly prefer a rep-free buying experience.
You stand to lose a lot if your reps don’t have this information and aren’t reaching out to buyers on multiple digital channels. For example, they can start with email, follow up with the prospect the first time via a phone call or reach out on LinkedIn.
Another challenge you could face is filling up the sales pipeline with viable opportunities. To do this, reps must focus on lead generation and prospecting by setting up a consistent framework for studying customer needs and pain points.
Nektar automatically captures data for prospects across multiple channels. Your reps don’t have to scour the corners of the internet for prospect information and update the CRM constantly.
4. Personalize sales quotas for better overall performance
One thing humans are known for is being unique.
Every rep has different capabilities, capacities, and levels of experience. Apply that to your team and set individual goals for each rep instead of taking the total sales team quota and dividing it equally.
For example, a sales rep with one year of experience can sell less than a pro with seven years of experience. If you have an overall target of US$ 100,000, don’t give each rep US$ 50,000. Give a higher sales quota to the more experienced rep for better attainment.
Similarly, if you consider activities, some reps are good at cold emailing while others are better at cold calling. You can personalize sales quotas based on their abilities.
Amidst this, keep the focus on setting realistic quotas. Anything low will seem like an underachievement, and anything too high will discourage reps. Play to each rep’s strengths for better sales success.
5. Track relevant metrics for teams and individuals
IRP is a key factor you’ll have to keep going back to set up relevant metrics and track the right KPIs in line with your company’s needs. But don’t just set your analysis upon individual performance; it’s the team that achieves the overall sales quota attainment.
Besides sales metrics like win rates, conversions, and sales cycle time, managers can also track data from conversations with prospects on calls or virtual meetings and measure training success on the field. This data could include email responses and average time per call.
Now that you have sales metrics out of the way, set pipeline metrics for a more positive impact on viable and valuable opportunities. You could track the rate of activities, rate of follow-ups, number of open opportunities, stage-to-stage conversion, and opportunity to win rate.
6. Identify coaching needs and bridge the gap
The difference between training and coaching is that training is the initial onboarding and where most managers stop. The reasons are multiple, including insufficient data or poor data that doesn’t shed any light on development areas.
Continued coaching is essential for keeping reps motivated and helping them hit sales quota attainment. Coaching becomes much more simplified with an automated solution like Nektar, which shares deep insights on reps’ performance, tracks sales data, and gives you complete visibility.
Reps also need clear direction on organizational sales processes. Multiple managers setting up their training makes it ambiguous for sellers. It’s best to standardize the training process so that new and old sales reps receive consistent information.
From there, managers can coach reps with tailored content for individual strengths and weaknesses. Sales organizations are already considering this seriously. 80% of companies invest more in content and systems that support sales, including guided selling, playbooks, recommendations, real-time scripting, and chatbots.
Overcome the Sales Quota Attainment Gap with Automation
To consistently hit your sales quota attainment goals, you need to continually track sales performance and improve it by acting on the insights for shortcomings, strengths, potential opportunities, and potential risks.
An automated data capture solution like Nektar does this for you. It uncovers data from multiple sources to overcome significant sales problems – low rep productivity and morale, dirty data, tracking wrong metrics, siloed departments, missing customer insights, lack of coaching, and more.
More importantly, deploy tools that boost your tech stack, ensuring it works for your reps and encourages them to do their jobs well. The icing on the cake is that these tools also give your revenue operations teams a unified view of the pipeline and encourage cooperation.
Lastly, value your clients more than the quota to make sales successful. Counterintuitive? Not really. Empower your reps with everything they need to understand buyers, so they’re ready to serve the customers with the best solutions and help these customers win.
Want to hit your sales goals consistently? | <urn:uuid:881dbfa0-487b-4374-8594-22e9e73960e7> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://nektar.ai/blog/how-to-improve-sales-quota-attainment-for-your-reps/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.944629 | 3,414 | 1.554688 | 2 |
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Fiona Banner's Pranayama Typhoon Breathes Through a World in Crisis
Showing for the first time in Asia at Barakat Contemporary in Seoul (16 June–15 August 2021), Pranayama Typhoon consists of new video work and recent paintings and installations by British artist Fiona Banner, aka The Vanity Press.
Exhibition view: Fiona Banner aka The Vanity Press, Pranayama Typhoon, Barakat Contemporary, Seoul (16 June–15 August 2021). Courtesy the artist and Frith Street Gallery, London. Photo: Barakat Contemporary.
An inflatable decoy military aircraft, Falcon (2021), occupies half the gallery space on the first floor. The magnificent grey-coloured vinyl fighter plane has no one on board but is regularly puffed and deflated through an anal ventilator that breathes for it, causing its beak to grow and shrink.
Next to Falcon is a rear-view mirror work, GODS WITH ANUSES (ISBN 978-1-913983-05-5) (2021), hung on the upper part of the gallery wall: a sculpture as well as a publication with an official International Standard Book Number (ISBN) identifier for the book titled Gods with Anuses.
As the book notes, Falcon is a god with a rectum, and like its namesake, a bird of prey. But the specimen in the gallery is neither fast nor dangerous. It has been left to focus on its breathing as if engaged in the yogic practice of pranayama: a mirroring of the powerlessness felt during a human 'annus horribilis', when many must take deep breaths to cope.
In the video Pranayama Organ (2021), situated beside Falcon, the breathing god-aircraft becomes a protagonist alongside 'Typhoon': two decoy military aircraft that gradually inflate to become people dressed as fighter planes. These human-aircraft hybrids consume wind, rub their beaks, and dance around each other on a desolate beach: they are performing for themselves and enjoying it.
The mixed sound of breathing, a pipe organ, and traces of David Bowie's song 'Wild is the Wind' work well to frame this strange dance. The grand andominous music rises to a stimulating, rhythmical flow, mirroring the work's narrative: military aircraft, which usually evoke power and authority, can only fly after they consume the 'wild'.
The incongruity of two decoy military aircraft breathlessly dancing in human form, not to mention the juxtaposition of metal and flesh, is metaphorically transcribed in the sculpture-publication The Wood Decay, The Woods Decoy and Fall (2021), located on the second floor.
Printed on a stack of paper is a dialogue between Falcon and Typhoon, which could be seen as a dialogue among nature, disaster (Typhoon), and humankind (Falcon). But the stack is placed too high to read, the paper column's height visualising instead a long history of exploiting nature and the failure to properly appreciate the urgency of the climate crisis.
Like nature, Banner's monument-publication decays. People are allowed to take off one piece from the pile. Yet nobody made the attempt when I was in the gallery—an indifference, perhaps, that is metaphorically reflected in Bad Review (2021). Hung close to the entrance in the corner of the gallery's first floor, a car rear-view mirror seems to invite viewers to look again.
At once addressing specific subjects and erasing them, this holistic assemblage of works stimulates sensibilities by using a cross-section of vocabularies appropriated and reformed.
On the second floor, away from the beach of Pranayama Organ, the exhibition glides into the sea with a group of 'Full Stop' (2021) paintings installed low on the wall or hung low in the air. Viewed from a seated position, seascapes with black chunks—variations of a full stop in various fonts (Helvetica, Peanuts, Klang, and Orator) blown up—replace the ships.
These full stops do not seem to function as the endpoint. Rather, they erase the subject of interest to create empty spaces or portals: a possibility beyond what these erased ships generally signify, whether war, trade, wealth, and entertainment, not to mention human domination over nature.
In the middle of the gallery, these voids spill out into physical space with black beanbags on which their titles are painted in white: RECTO VERSO, CHAPTER LEAF, A HYPHEN, AN ISLAND (ISBN 978-1-913983-06-2), and VERSO RECTO (all 2021).
At once addressing specific subjects and erasing them, this holistic assemblage of works stimulates sensibilities by using a cross-section of vocabularies appropriated and reformed. Much of Banner's work is about rearranging the form of language, thus transforming its function and meaning.
Also known as The Vanity Press—the artist's moniker and imprint, which comes from a term that signals an author assumes all the risks in publishing—Banner's work transmits through various formats like an expanded text, while also highlighting the way in which actual or imagined events are fictionalised and mythologised.
As Virginia Button noted in 1998, on the occasion of Banner's Art Now show at Tate Britain, 'Banner is fascinated by the near impossibility of containing action and time in a prescribed form', and 'is best known for making hand-written and printed texts "wordscapes" or "still films", that retell in her own words entire feature films or sequences of events.'1
Early examples include the graphite on paper transcriptions of Top Gun (Top Gun, 1994) and Lawrence of Arabia (Desert, 1994), created when Banner was included in General Release: Young British Artists at the British Pavilion for the 46th Venice Biennale in 1995, which culminated with THE NAM (1997).
THE NAM originated in work Banner created for the 1996 Spellbound: Art and Film show at Hayward Gallery, which included a large-scale hand-written transcription of Apocalypse Now and a drawing of a Chinook helicopter.
The book comprises Banner's continuous text describing Vietnam war movies Apocalypse Now, Born on the Fourth of July, The Deer Hunter, Full Metal Jacket, Hamburger Hill, and Platoon, which is read aloud unabridged in the 20-hour, 22 cassette Trance.2
The induction of a state of hypnosis and disruption of perspective is perhaps the link between works like THE NAM and Pranayama Organ's windy seascape in Seoul. Objects and texts act like points on a map: inflated military aircraft glorified into absurd gods, punctuations caught at sea, open and obscure objects, and breathing bodies.
In 1962, British writer J.G. Ballard's novel The Drowned World envisioned an apocalyptic time when a tropical, overheated London has flooded and is barely inhabitable in a world ravaged by climate catastrophe, as human beings are transformed physically and psychologically before eventually dying out.
Banner's deep and windy seascape is like the sign of this flood. Centred in a world that is vulnerable, tragic, and farcical—hard to place—Falcon and Typhoon ask in The Wood Decay, The Woods Decoy and Fall: 'where we are now?' A world in danger feels palpable. —[O]
1 Only the Lonely: Fiona Banner, Bridget Smith exhibition catalogue, Frith Street Gallery, 1997, p.13.
2 Virginia Button, 'Art Now: Fiona Banner', Tate Britain, 1998, https://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate-britain/exhibition/art-now-fiona-banner | <urn:uuid:e994013a-603c-45f4-9101-6b29d61d4c2c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ocula.com/magazine/insights/fiona-banners-pranayama-typhoon/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.931116 | 1,627 | 1.59375 | 2 |
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Analysis finds California students attend school more than U.S. peers
California students attend school more consistently than most of their U.S. peers, and such attendance directly relates to better performance on national math and reading tests, a new analysis has found.
The analysis by Attendance Works, a San Francisco nonprofit aimed at combating school absenteeism, found that California fourth- and eighth-graders had better attendance than peers in about 40 other states in 2013.
But nearly 1 in 5 of those students still missed more than three days of class in the month leading up to the National Assessment for Educational Progress, a standardized math and reading test typically given to fourth- and eighth-graders between late January and early March annually.
Nationally, as many as 7.5 million students missed nearly a month of school.
“This lost instructional time exacerbates dropout rates and achievement gaps,” said the report, which was written by Alan Ginsburg, Phyllis Jordan and Hedy Chang.
The state-by-state analysis found that students who missed more than three days of class scored lower on the national test — known as “the nation’s report card” — across ages, subjects, race, income level, city and state.
California fourth-graders with poor attendance scored 11 points lower in reading and 15 points lower in math, while eighth-graders scored 15 points lower in reading and 16 points lower in math. The same trend held true for Los Angeles.
In recent years, however, state Atty. Gen. Kamala D. Harris and Los Angeles Unified Supt. John Deasy have focused on combating the problem of poor attendance.
Harris has commissioned statewide studies on elementary student truancy and sponsored a package of four measures aimed at addressing the problem. The bills, which would require the state to collect student attendance data and help school districts better track and prevent truancy, passed the Legislature last week.
In L.A. Unified, the percentage of students with attendance rates of 96% or higher has steadily increased over the last five years to 71% during the 2013-14 school year from 60% in 2009-10. Among other things, the district has launched an incentive program that rewards monthly perfect attendance with drawings for such prizes as movie tickets and iTunes gift cards.
The Attendance Works analysis found that the city of Los Angeles outperformed the national average in keeping low-income students in class. Among L.A. low-income fourth-graders, for instance, 18% were absent three days or more compared with 22% nationally.
Latino students in L.A. attended school more consistently than their national peers. But African Americans recorded more absences: 31% of eighth-graders, for instance, missed three or more days of school compared with 22% of their national peers.
Overall, the analysis found that students in Montana and New Mexico had the worst attendance and those in Texas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana and Massachusetts had the best.
Follow @teresawatanabe for more news about California education
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Optimize feeding with a two-speed center feed section, increased feed drum torque, and center crop flow divider
Increase grain in the tank with a two-speed center feed section. A slow-speed setting softens the impact of crop fingers and drum flighting when engaging with crop. This ensures that easy-shelling crops like lentils and soybeans do not get thrown over the feederhouse. Use the high-speed setting in canola or high-yielding cereals to prevent slug feeding while ensuring that the drum does not plug.
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- Feed drum gearbox
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Center feed belt
Feed drum torque
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- For bushy crops, such as canola, put the drum in the upper position.
- RDF feed drum slip-clutch torque is 1600 Nm (1180 lb-ft).
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Help bushy crops, especially heavy canola, feed evenly into the feederhouse with an optional 45.7-cm (18-in.) top auger extending the full width of the draper.
- With the crop tucked under the auger, the handoff to the center feed drum enables smooth and consistent feeding to the combine to ensure constant load.
- Achieve smooth headfirst feeding when auger speeds are running slightly faster than the belt speed.
- This optional 45.7-cm (18-in.) hydraulically driven top auger has an easy speed adjustment at the right side of the platform.
- It is recommended for operation in bushy or high-volume harvesting conditions such as canola.
- Augers can be turned off for crops like lentils or wheat where they are not recommended. | <urn:uuid:0f0ac87e-fcc2-41a7-93a9-1ec55f0d921f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://gogreenway.com/product/rd35f-hydraflex-draper/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.894894 | 1,358 | 1.710938 | 2 |
Mirror sculptures by Graham Caldwell
- Esther Jablotschkin
Brooklyn based artist Graham Caldwell creates surfaces marked by crumpled and stretched distortions. Like seen in his latest works ‘Compound Eye’ and ‘Before After’ he mostly uses blown glass, steel, epoxy, mirrors, and other materials to create these otherworldly sculptures.+ Read More
His practice is concerned with the elasticity of sight, and the way visual perception constructs and distorts the immediate external world. Graham Caldwell is interested in the historic and intrinsic association between glass and the act of looking, from the early lenses that allowed glimpses into the microscopic world, to the eyeglasses, ubiquitous windows, and mirrors inside telescopes that let us peer into space. ‘Much of my work focuses on glass as a conduit or modulating agent for light and its parallel in the functionality of the human eye: using a lens to flip an image of the world, upside down and backwards, into the brain where it is reassembled, through illusion and forensics.’ Though we aren’t biologists, we find Graham’s mirror theories manifesting in his sculptures really exciting.
All images © Graham Caldwell | <urn:uuid:b924b927-5dfd-453e-8d5f-e9fa3e605797> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.ignant.com/2013/11/19/mirror-sculptures-by-graham-caldwell/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.92839 | 250 | 1.796875 | 2 |
The Kett C600 is designed to measure the whiteness of rice. Rice whiteness directly correlates with the amount of milling.
Therefore, you can use this device to indirectly measure the milling percentage of a rice sample (glutinous and non-glutinous).
To make a test, simply insert sample case containing rice. Both the number of measurements and the whiteness value will be immediately displayed.
The vacuume fluorescent display has excellent visibility, making it easy for anyone to see the measurement.
By using the supplied sample cup and “fixed quantity”shooter, a costant sample amount is tested,substantially reducing measurement variation.
Lightweight and Compact
Compared with the C-300, The Rice Whiteness Tester Kett C600 is 3kg lighter and 23.5cm shorter in depth.Immediate Measurement
Because of the improved sensitivity calibration, the first measurement can be conducted within 20 seconds of powering the C600.One Click Sensitivity Adjustment
By measuring the included optical standard, instrument sensitvity can be maintained. Simply pres the “STD” button and the instrument is automatically adjusted to factory specifications. This feature eliminates the need for complicated field adjustmentsEasy Maintenance
Besides the sample case, only one part needs to be kept clean to ensure accurate measurements – the Glass Filter. Simply open the front cover, remove, clean and replace.
Principle: Light Reflectance
Products: Polished, Brownand Pre-washed rice – Glutinous and Non-Glutinous
Measured Item: Whitness
Range:5.0 – 69.0
Display: Fluorescent LED
Functions: Whiteness, Average
Environment: Temperature 5〜40C, Humidity: 30〜85％RH (non-condensing)
Light Source: Blue LED
External Output RS-232C
Consumption: 35W（100V), 60Ｗ（240Ｖ)
Dimension/Weight: 290（W）×29（5 D）×185（H）mm 5.0kg
Accessories: Whiteness standard plate, sample case, sample platter, fixed quantity shooter, sample cup, main unit cover, glass wipe, replacement sponge, replacement packing (x3), replacement fuse, power cord, power plug, adapter, use manual | <urn:uuid:41160e7f-97ba-4fdf-a18e-04f3680d2b5a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.iromitalia.com/prodotto/rice-whiteness-tester/?lang=en | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.83852 | 530 | 1.8125 | 2 |
We are all living in fear with this new Ebola virus. Rumors of Ebola being the governments way to control the population and that this variant strain may have actually been created to do so. Every where you look there is new information coming out to put our bodies into fear, which can actually be one of the worst things for our immune systems defense. I am not sure what to believe but I do think it is wise to prepare for the worst and have faith in the best. Here are some things you can do to take the edge off this Ebola crisis.
1. Empower yourself- Refrain from Facebook rumors and "certain" news channels. Do your own research or go directly to the CDC website for fact page updates or find a more left wing's opinion and compare the two. I know it is hard to know what to believe but try to find reputable sources for information and educate yourself as much as you can. Know how to protect yourself and your family through prevention and knowing the symptoms to look for if they occur. Also it doesn't hurt to stock up for a lock down. Californians are used to Earthquake preparedness kits as other states are prepared for other natural disasters. Add to this list official medical masks and gloves to prevent spreading in the event that someone close to you comes down with symptoms.
2. Keep your immune system strong- This is a perfect time to clean up your diet and refrain from processed foods, alcohol, and sugar that only deplete and breaks down your immune systems ability to fight infection. Instead nourish your body with fresh foods that stimulate and boost your immune system. Focus on antiviral foods like peppermint, basil, and ginger. Also be sure that you are getting enough Vitamin D3, something most Americans are deficient in that will help keep you healthy and strong. I also believe probiotics should be added to your daily routine, to help your body be as strong as it can be in the event of an outbreak.
3. Wash your hands- There is no doubt that the best way to protect yourself is still a good old hand wash. Make sure you are washing properly for adequate time and lathering soap. Refrain from touching your eyes, nose and mouth always! I mean unless you just washed your hands do not touch your face! Read my previous article here on how to prevent the spread of a virus. This is assuming that the virus is not airborne, in that case, where a medical mask when taking public transportation or in crowded areas.
4. Look at history- Remember that we have been down this road before and survived. There have been many diseases prior to this. Including flu viruses (swine flu) every year that rattles our homes with fear. Thinking that we got through that might put some ease into your mind. This in itself could be all part of the propaganda so that when the vaccine does come out, everyone will run to get it and the drug companies will make billions.Everything is based on fear instead of empowerment. There are things you can do now to be as healthy as we can but there is very little talk about that and lots of talk about just waiting for a vaccine. You always have to look at everything from a broader picture. Then throw it out and use your instinct!
5. Surrender- Once you have done what is within your ability to empower and protect yourself and your family, you have to surrender and continue to enjoy life. Refuse to let this affect your daily living and bring on adrenaline of fear affecting your health. Worrying does not do any good. Every time fear comes up replace it will a positive thought. Your thoughts create your reality. Visualize health and safety for the planet. * Facts- 480,000 Deaths per year from Tobacco/ 300,000 Deaths per year from Obesity/ 88,000 Deaths per year from Alcohol.
* “After you find out all the things that can go wrong, your life becomes less about living and more about waiting.” ― Chuck Palahniuk, Choke | <urn:uuid:cd2d2910-32fe-4fb2-94f6-75a4d95dc4a8> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.thegoldensecrets.com/blogs/the-golden-secrets-blog/5-ways-to-keep-your-cool-with-the-ebola-crisis | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.961226 | 817 | 2.765625 | 3 |
July 1st, 2015 By Jack Morton
It feels like we’ve been hearing a lot about emojis lately…from broadening the spectrum of emoji options, to a notable taco omission, to emojis for introverted people (called….wait for it…introjis), these illustrative characters are taking the stage. And it’s not just about how you text anymore – a few weeks ago, Norwegian Airlines created a website URL made entirely of emojis. So what’s next for them? Introducing: emojis as the future of online security.
Can you guess my password?
A British start-up claims that 4-digit emoji passwords are almost 500 times more secure than numerical pin codes. Also, they’re harder to forget because we’re better at remembering pictures than numbers – this dates back to when we lived in caves and painted on walls. Of course, emoji pin codes are geared towards a certain generation that starts with an M and rhymes with shmillenial. 64% of Millennials regularly communicate with emojis, so obviously the next step is an emoji ATM pin code.
Some quick math
There are only 10,000 options for your basic 4-digit pin. If that seems like a lot of options, just realize it’s slightly less than the number of followers Jon Heder has on Twitter. On the other hand, emojis offer 3.8 million more possible combinations. This is pretty good, although the fact of the matter is that 4-digit pin codes still struggle at protecting your info. Eight character passwords give you the option of 208 billion combinations, and ten character passwords that use upper and lower-case letters offer 5 quintillion…so emoji pin codes may be fun but until there are as many taco emojis as trains they’re possibly not the best choice for protecting your data. (Note: There are at least 12 train emojis). | <urn:uuid:47f9b273-af7c-4e4e-bc0c-8cb19df037fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.jackmorton.com/ideas-2/emojis-future-online-security/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.903942 | 410 | 1.914063 | 2 |
HSV / HSB
Value / Brightness
Similar Colors Names
Color Harmonies (Scheme)
The complementary color of 148,0,50 is 0,148,96. When combined, they cancel each other out: this means that they produce a grayscale color. When placed next to each other, they create the strongest contrast.
A triadic color scheme use three colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. Triadic color harmonies tend to be quite vibrant, even if you use pale or unsaturated versions of your hues. To use a triadic harmony successfully, the colors should be carefully balanced - let one color dominate (148,0,50) and use the two others for accent (52,148,0, 0,52,148).
The square color scheme has four colors spaced evenly around the color circle. This creates a balance between warm (148,0,50, 126,148,0) and cool (0,148,96, 22,0,148) colors in your design. The square color scheme works best if you let one color be dominant.
Adjacent / Analogous / Analogic
Analogous color schemes use colors that are next to each other on the color wheel. They usually match well and create serene and comfortable designs. The nearest colors, with enough contrast, of 148,0,50 are 148,22,0 and 148,0,126. Choose one color to dominate and a second to support. The third color is used (along with black, white or gray) as an accent.
The split-complementary color scheme is a variation of the complementary color scheme. In addition to the base color 148,0,50, it uses the two colors adjacent to its complement: 0,148,22 and 0,126,148. This color scheme has the same strong visual contrast as the complementary color scheme, but has less tension. The split-complimentary color scheme is often a good choice for beginners, because it is difficult to mess up.
The rectangle or tetradic color scheme uses four colors arranged into two complementary pairs: 148,0,50 and his complementary 0,148,96 with 148,96,0 0,52,148 or 52,148,0 96,0,148. This rich color scheme offers plenty of possibilities for variation. The tetradic color scheme works best if you let one color be dominant. You should also pay attention to the balance between warm and cool colors in your design.
Tints, Shades, and Tones
Adding white to the color: same hue and saturation of 148,0,50, but brighter.
Adding black to the color: same hue and saturation of 148,0,50, but darker. | <urn:uuid:9f42c839-10ac-447a-81fe-b3d08e9729b3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.the3rdsequence.com/colors/rgb/148,0,50/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.851924 | 754 | 3.34375 | 3 |
Assist Arts & Sciences by making a gift to make an impact in STEM fields. Due to the positive response, the exhibition “Arts & Science” (by the cluster of excellence “The Hamburg Heart for Ultrafast Imaging” (CUI) of the Universität Hamburg) is on display again in the lobby of Hamburg City Corridor from the eighth to the 23rd of August 2017.
Our diverse portfolio consists of funding from agencies just like the Nationwide Institutes of Well being, the Nationwide Science Basis, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the Department of Power, the Division of the Interior, the State of New Mexico, and many others.
Liston writes, Good instructing entails a kind of romantic love of the educational enterprise; it’s motivated by and infuses other with a love of inquiry if guided by an enlarged love, teaching can develop into an ongoing battle that nourishes our college students and our own soul.
Economy right now is very depending on the political system and legal guidelines governing the distribution and enforcement of energy in society, legal ideas regarding ownership of property and human rights, public establishments responsible for the creation and management of cash, rules for commerce between nations, public policies influencing earnings and wealth distribution, processes that determine collective choice-making, public investment in schooling and coaching, and social expectations regarding economy and the long run, and so on.
This informal mission took a major step forward in 1956, when a meeting – The First Worldwide Conference on Science and Human Welfare – was held in Washington, D. C. The organizers were two American scientists: Richard Montgomery Subject of Princeton, who had labored for many years as chairman of a world committee on the social values of science; and John A. Fleming, former President of the Worldwide Council of Scientific Unions. | <urn:uuid:bd268196-dcdd-4e9c-9192-e3d5059dffbe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.editions-mld.com/the-art-science-of-threat.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.934074 | 371 | 1.78125 | 2 |
The Bhupinder Singh Hooda-led Congress government on August 24, 2007, decided to drop the land acquisition proceedings for over 600 acres of land in Manesar.
On May 15, 2017; the CBI had questioned former Haryana chief minister Hooda over alleged financial irregularities in the acquisition of land in Gurugram's Manesar.
The case pertains to the alleged purchase of land from farmers in Gurgaon for Rs 100 crore when the actual worth (according to market rate) was Rs 1,500 crore. The purchase, according to the CBI, was made during August 2004-August 2007, under the "threat and false apprehension of acquisition of the land by the state government".
Initially, the Government of Haryana had issued notifications under various sections of Land Acquisition Act for the acquisition of land measuring about 912 acres for setting up an Industrial Model Township. As a result of this, a large number of landowners, in haste, had allegedly sold their land at throwaway prices. It was further alleged that the land, about 400 acres, had been grabbed from the landowners by the private builders under the threat of acquisition at meagre rates. (ANI) | <urn:uuid:caca4b96-fe2a-4de3-a6e9-2053bff3fc15> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://aninews.in/news/national/general-news/manesar-land-scam-sc-sets-aside-haryana-govts-decision201803122052580001/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.973464 | 240 | 1.882813 | 2 |
The sea sponge is a living organism from the depths of the Mediterranean Sea. After several years’ growth, the NAJEL sea sponge is gathered by hand by divers in protected areas reserved for fishing.
This natural sponge is more absorbent and creates more lather than most synthetic sponges. Very supple, it gives the skin a wonderful sensation of softness.
It may be used for daily washing of all types of skin and is even recommended for delicate skin: ideal for washing your baby.
Suitable for all skin types, the sea sponge is used for daily washing. Recommended by dermatologists for washing delicate skins, it’s ideal for washing baby.
It may also be used for facial care. After washing your face or using a mask, rinse then remove the excess with the sea sponger. Its softness is bliss for the fragile skin on the face.
Content: Approximate 9-10cm
Origin: Mediterranean Sea | <urn:uuid:f8cca851-316e-4f42-acf3-6c043b95da27> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.neozestltd.com/products/natural-mediterranean-sea-sponge | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.904559 | 197 | 2.078125 | 2 |
Anton Lucas has spent much of his rich life trying to improve Indonesian-Australian relationships. He has studied and taught in Yogyakarta and Makassar, run an Asian Studies program in Australia for 30 years, written well and widely, and inspired seekers of truths about Indonesia for half a century.
He’s earnest enough to look like an austere academic but sufficiently inquiring to prove a student’s life goes beyond 70. Though powered by faith he doesn’t proselytise. Schooled as a Protestant, Lucas now calls himself a Christian–Buddhist. His son is a Buddhist monk in Indonesia, his daughter a filmmaker.
His rare collection of documents from the early post-Proclamation period including sound recordings and transcripts was given to Flinders University library and the catalogue will eventually go online. The papers were gathered during interviews with 324 survivors of the 1945 ‘Revolution within the Revolution’ around Pekalongan in north Central Java.
His monograph, Peristiwa Tiga Daerah (The Three Regions Affair, 1989), tells of the violent clashes between ruling elites and the people during the chaos that followed the collapse of the Japanese occupation. Lucas regards his next book, One Soul, One Struggle, published in 1991 and soon to be re-released, as a significant accomplishment.
He has also left an architectural legacy behind at Flinders University in Adelaide through his donation of a pendopo. This traditional four-post high timber cube of Javanese culture was built to create a sense of calm and unity despite gulfs of difference in lifestyles, world views and local customs. It’s a communal place for visitors and locals to find common cause and set signposts for others.
The pendopo has a set of gamelan instruments called Sekar Laras (Blossoming Harmonies) from Central Java, which gets used by students, teachers and members of the Indonesian diaspora. The glass walls fold back in summer and metallic music from a lush land drifts and settles among the eucalyptus roots clawing at arid soils.
‘[The gift] was the best thing I ever did,’ Lucas declared before heading to Yogyakarta where he and his wife Kadar have an extended family and friends. The couple’s A$150,000 gesture was revealed only after Lucas retired in 2010.
‘Indonesians can feel at home [there], while Australians can encounter their neighbours,’ Lucas added. ‘It’s not just a tangible symbol for coming together; it also has an emotional dimension and a unique ambience.’
Lucas had a privileged education. Though never gentry his Greek heritage mother had property and sent her studious son to the Anglican Geelong Grammar, famed for nurturing the elite and future leaders.
‘I always thought of myself as a square peg in a round hole,’ he said of his school days. Set for a career as an agricultural economist or broad-acre farmer, he won a scholarship to the East West Centre in 1969, an education and research organisation at the University of Hawaii. The centre opened in 1960 to ‘strengthen relations and understanding among the peoples and nations of Asia, the Pacific, and the US’.
Astonishingly, his Asia Pacific origin meant he was exempted from studying a regional tongue, just having to pass an English test instead. Like most Australians of that era, however, he’d seen his country as more a European outpost than an Asia-Pacific nation.
Another revelation came on meeting members of the Peace Corps, a US government volunteer aid program. They seemed at ease with difference, spoke Asian languages and were driven to better the world. Said Lucas: ‘They were not ugly Americans’.
The Australian’s viewpoints took a left turn towards history, social justice and human rights.
He dropped agricultural-economics and picked up Indonesian, led by a series of curious encounters. One of these came while recovering a lost camera at the home of researcher Herb Feith, who steered him (and many others) towards recent Indonesian history.
Influenced by another world-renowned scholar Tony Reid at the ANU, Lucas researched the Pekalongan ‘revolusi sosial’, also labelled a ‘struggle’ and a ‘movement’, which Lucas noted ‘had never been clearly and coherently depicted’. Others saw the events as a communist revival and labelled it a ‘rebellion’.
The survivors’ stories opened Lucas’s eyes to Indonesia’s complex past and expanded his empathy. The square peg had found the right hole, or as he said: ‘Indonesia fitted me like a glove’.
Yet much was discomforting. In a Yogyakarta jail he saw political activists broken by a brutal system during Suharto’s era of anti-communist paranoia. ‘With a Dutch student pastor I tried to help a boy reconcile with his long jailed military father,’ Lucas said. ‘We failed. This had a huge effect on me.’
At Flinders as an associate professor Lucas was also in demand as a consultant. He worked on the documentary series Riding the Tiger, an ABC film production released in 1992 and directed by Curtis Levy about the human face of authoritarian rule in Indonesia. He also worked on Australian funded research projects in areas including agrarian reform, environment and social capital, and local governance.
He taught Indonesian culture and society, religion and social change and musical identities. He also privately funded Inside Indonesia when it was staggering as a print journal. He remains treasurer. During the Suharto era adding a Catholic nunnery in Central Java to Inside Indonesia’s subscription list seemed a good idea. It wasn’t. The nuns were then accused of spreading Marxism.
Despite fumbles and stumbles, the relationship between Australia and Indonesia improved over time. In 1992 Prime Minister Paul Keating, who was close to Suharto, declared Australia part of Asia. Enrolments at Flinders rose enough to support four full-time academic positions (jobs now shared and limited to two half-time positions).
Five years after the pendopo’s gamelan gongs first stirred the eucalyptus leaves, Lucas and his colleagues organised a one-day conference on Australia-Indonesia relations. An edited book followed: Half a century of Indonesian-Australian interaction, published in 1996.
Australians were developing a positive interest in the people next door. The feeling was mutual. During the 80s and early 90s folks from each nation were getting closer, and wiser about one another. Recalled Lucas: ‘The nineties was the golden era’.
Then the glitter dimmed. Dramatic events included the 1997 Asian Financial Crisis, turmoil following the 1998 fall of Suharto, and high tension during the 1999 East Timor independence referendum.
The 2002 Bali bombings killed 202 people, including 88 Australians. The government shouted travel warnings. Educational visits stopped. Parents no longer wanted their kids to study Indonesian. University administrators found computing and communications more profitable than Asian Studies.
‘To turn this around we all need to do more – and that includes Indonesians studying Australia and hosting seminars about us,’ Lucas said. ‘If we lose a generation of scholars we won’t get them back. The goodwill is not so strong.’
The failure to explain to Indonesians Australia's response to the executions of Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran (including withdrawing the ambassador in 2015), and Australian media responses to the release this year of ganja queen Schapelle Corby, were opportunities missed, believes Lucas: ‘We need to tell our story about our history, multiculturalism and values, such as diversity and equality. As in the pendopo, we should listen to each other and reflect on the relationship we want.’
‘Like we have been doing at the recent Indonesia Council Open Conference (ICOC) which has just ended,’ he reflected. ‘The Indonesian students were inspirational.’
Anton Lucas has been a valued member of the board that publishes Inside Indonesia for well over a decade. | <urn:uuid:0a299232-987d-4a4a-b494-c441502372ab> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.insideindonesia.org/essay-getting-to-know-you-through-a-pendopo | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.964029 | 1,736 | 1.820313 | 2 |
[From Bruce Gregory (970905.1030 EDT)]
My wife told we of a TV program she watched last night dealing
with things that make people happy. "You'll love this
example," she said. An experiment was set up in which babies
were able to view pictures of human faces by pulling a string.
When they carried out this activity the babies demonstrated
signs of infant happiness. When the string no longer produced
the pictures, but the babies were exposed to pictures of human
faces for the same fraction of time as they had produced in the
first condition, the babies were unhappy. (I will refrain from
saying anything about reinforcers...)
Can anyone point me to a written description of these studies? | <urn:uuid:9fe76b47-dcdd-49e2-b861-693ea9de1aed> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://discourse.iapct.org/t/babies-and-pct/1511 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.975806 | 156 | 2.109375 | 2 |
Local shop provides bikes for those in need
If you are in need of a bike and can't afford one, Jeff Currier wants to help get you on the road. Jeff and his wife Suzanne own Slow Twitch Niche, a bicycle repair shop in Seabrook. Over the last 4 years, they have refurbished and donated bikes to those in need. A lot of bikes. Jeff estimates they have given away over 1,000 bikes to people in our community and he's not looking to slow down. "It's actually not just for Christmas. It started that way. It started with someone saying they needed a bike for someone who was homeless. I didn't have a bike at that time, but I put it out to my audience on Facebook and to our customers. All of a sudden, I had 30 bikes here."
Jeff soon found himself with quite a few donated bikes and wanted to make sure they got to those in need. His message to the community was simple. "If you're in need of a bike for Christmas and can't afford one, come on by and I'll get you the bike." That first Christmas, they donated approximately 40 bikes. The following Christmas, over 100. Before long, it became clear that this would be a year round mission.
Working with CCISD and area churches has been key in getting bikes that need to be refurbished and then getting those bikes to the people.
If it sounds like there is a great deal of time and effort going into this program, that's because there is. Still, this is not a full time endeavor. During business hours, Slow Twitch Niche is the go to place for bicycle repair. Extremely affordable bicycle repair. That alone keeps them plenty busy. They work on refurbishing and donating bikes during their spare time. "We don't do this during the day. I've got to pay the bills. Right now, 4 or 5 times a day we get people visiting to inquire about one of these bikes. It's a lot, but I love the story and I love people donating."
Jeff is quick to say that he can't do this alone. "I have a volunteer that comes here. His name is Bill Rowe. He just started showing up about 3 or 4 years ago and I could tell he had some knowledge about how to repair bikes. He came to the shop one day and asked if he could help. He won't let me pay him. He's retired and he just wants to get people into cycling. He takes on the majority of the people that come in for a bike donation."
As a business, Slow Twitch Niche has always had a charitable mission. "We would do a typical $120 tune-up for $45 and donate a portion of everything we do to Autism charities and Animal Shelters. Every month we tally up what we did and make a donation."
Jeff and Suzanne are not looking to expand what they do, but rather encourage others to find what they can do. "We want to be a big explosion, in a small spot. We want to keep it community. We want to keep it small. If other bike shops or individuals want to mimic what we are doing, we say yes. You're doing it for humanity. I'm not going to expand, but I'll be doing this for as long as I can turn a wrench."
Slow Twitch Niche is located at 1506 Main St. in Seabrook. Stop by or give them a call at (832) 226-3951 and be sure to follow them on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/slowtwitchniche | <urn:uuid:a183235b-5f69-478e-9886-5b801d9f3e38> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://clearlaketoday.com/npps/story.cfm?nppage=7617 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.989013 | 743 | 1.5 | 2 |
February 7, 2020
To the Editor:
The 19th Amendment, which gave women the right to vote, this year is also the 100th anniversary of the founding of the League of Women Voters of the United States.
On Feb. 14, 1920, the National American Woman Suffrage Association, which had worked for years to win the vote for women, voted to become the National League of Women Voters (later renamed the League of Women Voters of the United States). Now that women had the right to vote, they no longer had to fight for suffrage but needed to be educated on the issues on which they would be voting. This new organization would serve that purpose; Carrie Chapman Catt, who had been president of the National Woman Suffrage Association and became honorary president of the National League of Women Voters, stated in her opening address that the organization would be nonpartisan and educate women for citizenship.
Today, the League of Women Voters continues to accomplish that mission through the work of the national and state leagues as well as local leagues throughout the country. On the East End, the League of Women Voters of the Hamptons, Shelter Island, and the North Fork is active in helping citizens to register and vote, providing information about the candidates on Vote411, studying and hosting public information meetings on the issues facing our community, introducing students to the voting process, and educating voters on ballot propositions and election procedures. Although we remain strictly nonpartisan, we also lobby our legislators on issues on which our research and study have led us to take a position.
As we celebrate our 100th anniversary, we invite you to join us. Although we are still called the League of Women Voters, our membership is not limited to women and we work to educate and serve everyone in the community.
League of Women Voters of the Hamptons, Shelter Island, and the North Fork
February 9, 2020
To The Star:
Great cartoon last week, Peter. Keep ’em coming!
On Bull Path
February 10, 2020
To the Editor,
East Hampton has a cell service problem. As many of you probably know, there are many many “dead” cell areas within the Town of East Hampton. This is no longer a convenience issue to enable streaming, texting, or emailing. Rather this is a safety issue. What happens when there is a medical emergency or auto accident in one of these dead zones? Precious minutes lost could result in tragedies. There is no doubt that our citizens need better connectivity.
There is a history here for proposed cell tower sites: the Springs Fire Department, Iacono Farm, and now the residential area on Bull Path. The tower would be the equivalent of an 11-story building, some 185 feet in a dense residential area. This would have a deleterious effect on property values of 15 to 30 percent. Will the Town of East Hampton reimburse these homeowners for their loses from the generous lease payments they receive from AT&T? I think not!
I know that this letter will be published a day after the planning board meeting and I hope that they have come to their collective senses. Hmm, a cell tower on a piece of open farmland or in the midst of million-dollar residential homes? Seems like a no-brainer to me.
BRUCE N. STEVENS
Check and Verify
February 10, 2020
Thank you for printing the letters from concerned residents of East Hampton expressing their views regarding the proposed wind farm. Some state they have researched the facts yet seem to have obtained their facts from Orsted/Eversource. They have not conducted any independent studies or research, not even our town. I summarize some below to hopefully encourage others to check and verify on their own.
The towers, turbines, and blades for the South Fork Wind Farm will be made overseas. G.E. makes a new high-efficiency turbine that would raise efficiency while able to operate over a broader range of wind speeds. American companies have been building structures used in our oceans for decades, i.e., oil rigs, as well as other structures. American companies have been manufacturing propellers since the Wright brothers. Delivering the European-manufactured components to the U.S. will produce unnecessary additional fossil fuel consumption and environmental contamination. Using American-made products is good for American workers, not to mention our gross domestic product.
The shortest cable delivers the most power! Landing the cable in Wainscott would be the longest route, delivering the least amount of power. There are several options to land the cable farther east that would allow power to be delivered to the East Hampton substation, do not require digging up Route 27, and would improve the delivery of additional power to Amagansett and Montauk without requiring a new additional substation in East Hampton. The Citizens for the Preservation of Wainscott has done the research and has been the only entity that I know of that has pursued any independent investigation.
The proposed South Fork Wind Farm obligates all of us to the highest cost for our electricity. Without this wind farm, LIPA will still be purchasing wind energy, which we can purchase at a lower cost. Not everyone in East Hampton is a millionaire and the same is true in Wainscott. Why obligate our residents to the highest cost for electricity simply to own bragging rights to be the first on the East End to have wind power at the highest cost? What politician would want that as their legacy?
The town has been approached, again, for permission to bore at Wainscott Beach and dig test pits along the related cable route, but only along their “preferred” Beach Lane route in Wainscott. Orsted/Eversource has an alternative route, as required for the Article 7 review. They had several others and as the various affected areas voiced objection to them, those options were withdrawn. When Wainscott objected, that objection was not respected. Sadly, we must conclude that Wainscott simply has fewer voters. Walk all over them — they don’t matter? How can you have viable alternatives if they are not evaluated equally?
Any test digging in Wainscott should also be performed, at the same time, at their stated alternative site in order to have a proper, honest evaluation. If the town board is going to authorize the digs in Wainscott, Orsted/Eversource should be required to do them at the same time along the Hither Hills route as well, and along any other cable route that does not require digging up Route 27.
An additional alternative that doesn’t receive much discussion is one that would connect with an Orsted/Eversource project that will land a cable mid-Island, not disturbing any of our beaches. This will also reduce the cost of the electricity to the ratepayers. LIPA has already agreed to purchase that power at a lower cost, which should provide lower power prices to not only midIsland customers but to East Hampton ratepayers as well. That I would think any politician would be proud to have as a legacy. A midIsland cable landing does not require our town board or trustees to be responsible for any potential environmental impacts that may happen otherwise.
The residents of East Hampton depend on our elected officials to do what is best for our community. How can that be accomplished without due diligence and independent evaluation of the information and plans provided by Orsted/Eversource for a project that will obligate all of us to the highest electric costs for the next 20 years?
Contrary to a recent comment, if the cable was landed at Hither Hills, there would be no “blasting” through the dune area. Orsted/Eversource would use the same drilling method under the dunes there to reach the same depth that they are proposing for Wainscott. They would be held to the same requirements there.
The current Orsted/Eversource work site planned for Beach Lane would be spread out on narrow streets, keeping one lane open most of the time but potentially requiring road closure, at times, possibly preventing residents access to or from their homes and not allowing emergency vehicles to pass quickly to respond to emergency needs. Those of us who live along the proposed route have witnessed numerous emergency responses over the years and know how difficult it can be to get necessary emergency vehicles to our beach even without the interference of unrelated heavy equipment. Hopefully, the town and the trustees will not allow this. The work site at Hither Hills, for instance, offers a much larger footprint that would not impact any residents and more easily accommodate emergency services. Most importantly it would also be safer for construction workers by providing onsite parking thus avoiding the need to transport them from and to offsite parking areas.
We are all residents of East Hampton, most all of us strongly favor alternative energy, and I commend the East Hampton board, not only for its investment in solar projects but past, present, and future efforts for conservation.
I do ask why this alternative energy project is creating so much inter hamlet name calling, finger pointing, and disharmony? Could it be the way Orsted/Eversource, with our town’s support and endorsements, has only presented two plans, one bad and the other, in a way that, on the surface, appears worse — a farce? Certainly it is not a plan that serves all the communities in the best way and designed to unite our support. Shame on them. Perhaps they are not the company we should be doing business with. How many times have they changed what they have told us? How many more times will they continue to change their narrative?
February 8. 2020
The recent forum on the airport held at Rowdy Hall had the usual suspects there wringing their hands because we the people are sick and tired of the ever-present torment from these inconsiderate “Wiley Post” wannabes. They profess the time-worn be a good neighbor that rings hollow. We nearly came to tears that the rich will flee if they cannot avoid the traffic that we ordinary peons endure. The quality of life here is why they come.
The constant low altitude over residential areas along with the Sunday morning touch-and-go flying the same route over and over at low altitude like gnats. Then the never-ending swarm of helicopters ferrying so-called “elites” whom they allude are the life blood of the economy. The thousands of us who live year round pay taxes that support this town are the backbone. Dishes rattle, enjoyment of our properties ceases. Taxes move upward but our peace and quiet is like a downward elevator.
Last summer the air-traffic controllers voiced their complaints that helicopters come through a blind spot and avoid detection until the last seconds. Is this not bordering on a disaster? The airport manager himself took punitive action against a pilot flying low over the terminal. However, with all the complaints filed on the reporting systems that are in place, I have yet to hear of any disciplinary action taken against these daily violations. One only has to go to Sagaponack, North Sea, and the East Hampton movie, and see for yourself.
Then the gall of the whiners’ concern that 20 seasonal workers may lose their jobs if the airport closes. What about those in small struggling businesses? Nothing more then a pathetic pleading for their little dangerous nuisance and disruptive playground.
They cite the millions, but not one dime goes to the general fund for services that benefit the residents to offset the rising costs to us. Considering most of them do not even reside in the town, they have a big pain.
Over 600 acres that we cannot even use, and the only thing we get from it is sleep deprivation, air pollution. (Yes. The small planes use leaded fuel that is spread over several square miles, putting families in danger during the most critical time of crash landing and taking off.) Forget the gallons of fuel trucked over our fragile infrastructure and loaded into the potential “bombs”: aboveground tanks sitting above ground over water recharge and wooded areas. Look at how close they are to the main runway that handles the large planes and jets. So these selfish morons who feel they can fly at whatever altitude they want, and violate the rules that present the “not if but when” it will happen. Imagine the catastrophe that will be the end result.
The time is now that the town government put the safety and welfare of the residents as the main priority. They are under sworn oath to protect us as their first duty, and stop catering to special interest groups. There is a safe and giant airport in Westhampton that will serve their needs and only disturb the fauna and ticks. Kobe Bryant’s helicopter went down strictly because of low altitude validated by witnesses. It’s a matter of time here.
Imagine a 600-acre solar farm that will benefit every single person in this town. This is the vision to be embraced.
ARTHUR J. FRENCH
February 3, 2020
The state is once again letting down East End residents by not protecting our water. As of January 2020, the Sand Land mine is applying to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation to have another permit to allow “importation of finished products such as crushed stone, crushed concrete aggregate, and compost created off-site.” These operations are illegal under the town code and three Appellate Court rulings. How could the D.E.C. entertain another application?
Look at the history: Bringing these materials on site violates the D.E.C.’s own promise that these materials would all be removed from the site permanently as of Sept. 11, 2018, in a “Notice of Intent to Modify.” This letter also indicates that “mining activities at the facility cease and reclamation activities begin.” In this notice the D.E.C. cited the Suffolk County Health Department’s June 2018 test results of the aquifer beneath the mine as a reason for its modification. The Health Department found arsenic, excessive iron, manganese, other heavy metals, radioactive elements, and other contaminants in the aquifer, the source of drinking water for everyone on the East End.
Yet in March 2019, D.E.C. commissioner Seggos said that the mine would be allowed to excavate 40 feet deeper to our aquifer for another eight years and have an additional two years for reclamation. Why the flip-flop? How can the D.E.C. ignore the contamination found in the aquifer? Why has the D.E.C. done nothing to clean up this contamination?
And now we have another permit application being considered by the D.E.C. We demand to know why the D.E.C. reversed its decision and why the D.E.C. has not addressed the contamination in our groundwater. Before any permit is issued, we demand a public hearing, an opportunity to voice our concerns and have our questions answered.
The Noyac Civic Council has set up an online petition. If you want to drink safe water, please sign the petition by 9 a.m. on Feb. 14: change.org/demand-clean-water.
Noyac Civic Council
For the Graces
February 10, 2020
To the Editor,
Between Feb. 11 and July 16 in the year 1858, Our Lady appeared 18 times to the 14-year-old Bernadette Soubirous in the cave of Massabielle near Lourdes, a city of southern France, situated in the foothills of the Great Pyrenees. This has since become one of the world’s most famous pilgrimage centers on account of its innumerable miracles of physical and spiritual healing.
This information comes from a book called “Saint Companions For Each Day.”
The saints were enthusiastic about God! They did not hesitate to ask Him for the graces which he offers to all. But alas, how seldom do we ourselves request them!
Our Lady of Lourdes, pray for us now and forever, amen.
February 10, 2020
To the Editor,
Upon glancing at the cover of this week’s Star dismay turned to shock. A man dressed as a woman addressing young toddler children at the library in Sag Harbor with a caption that the drag queen will be appearing soon at the Children’s Museum in Bridge.
Incredible to me that anyone in their right mind would promote this to young, impressionable kindergartners. How about letting them at least reach puberty before fostering this mind-set on them? The last thing youngsters need at that age is mental confusion about sexuality.
Comments on local social media cannot be repeated here. Suffice to say many feel this is totally outrageous to put it mildly. Shame on both the library and the museum for hosting this, and most of all shame on the parents who simply check off a weekend event for their kids. This kind of stuff would never fly in the heartland.
February 10, 2020
Dear Mr. Rattray:
Due to the huge demand, I have been asked to organize an MS-13 story book hour for children here on the East End. Can someone tell who I can contact at the Bridgehampton public library to help with this?
Look at the Numbers
February 10, 2020
We are now into week seven of the Criminal Justice Reform Law, and it is an unmitigated disaster. Major crimes have spiked in New York City 17 percent, with similar results throughout New York State. Just this past week, a witness against two released MS-13 gang members was murdered by associates. Then we have the sorry of Gerod Woodberry, who between Dec. 30 and Jan. 8 robbed five banks with the last one the day after he was released under the new bail reform laws.
Crime rates in New York City were up 16.9 percent in January. Shootings increased by 28.8 percent as well as substantial increases in other major crimes such as robbery, burglary, and car theft. Yet Bernie Sanders tweeted his support for New York bail reform: “Our cash bail system is a disgrace that disproportionately hurts Black, Brown, and poor Americans. New York did the right thing by reforming its bail law and must not go backwards.”
Facts are stubborn things. Before bail reform, New York City Comptroller Scott M. Stringer testified that one out of four people are released on bail the same day, and more than half make bail within 72 hours. More than 75 percent are out within a week, with 90 percent making bail within two weeks, and only 5 percent of people take longer than one month to make bail.
In your opinion piece, “Justice Reform Burdens Can Be Remedied,” dated Feb. 6, you wrote, “Make no mistake, race plays a huge role. Black Americans are wrongfully convicted and sent to prison at a much higher rate than white Americans. Black Americans even when found to be innocent later, are jailed, on average, more than three years longer than whites who are also exonerated.” While any miscarriage of justice is unacceptable, we have to look at the numbers. Over 30 years nationwide, there were only 2,398 overturned convictions. In New York State, there were only 281, with 53 percent of those being black Americans. This is hardly an epidemic of racial injustice.
Political ideology and philosophy of racial politics make for great headlines and fire up misguided supporters but rarely, as in the case of New York, accomplish its goals. Suffolk Sheriff Errol Toulon, who happens to be an African- American, recently made these points. African-American children and immigrants are more likely to be crime victims. Black youths are victims of violent crime at significantly higher rates than their white peers and are more likely to be victims of child abuse, robberies, and homicides. Children who witness and are victims of violence are more likely to internalize trauma and engage in the types of risky behaviors that can lead them into criminal involvement. Incarcerated men and women often report histories of family dysfunction, being victimized by childhood abuse and sexual assault, and having close family members involved in crime. Most are undereducated, have substance abuse and mental health problems, and often feel hopeless. Without appropriate intervention to address the underlying criminogenic factors, these individuals will be intermittently incarcerated throughout their lives, and bail reform will do nothing to address the root of their contact with the criminal justice system. In fact, we need only look next door to New Jersey to see that reductions in pre-trial detention have not addressed racial disproportionality in state prisons.
I couldn’t agree more with Sheriff Toulon, who also states, “As a society, we have failed these individuals over many decades through misguided public policies, and a lack of political will to tackle the complex human service needs of the poor and especially those with mental illness.”
Sheriff Toulon is a Democrat who has come out strong against the criminal justice act. But what of Democrats such as congressional candidates Perry Gershon and Bridget Fleming, our local elected Democrats, and the East Hampton Democratic Committee? Do they stand with the radicals in the Democratic Party and believe that letting criminals free to victimize our communities is okay?
The East Hampton Republican Committee is the local party dedicated to working families, a living wage, environmental conservation, equality, diversity, and economic development for all. We believe in bipartisan solutions regardless of financial status or political party affiliation. Access to the government should not be based on what you can afford or how much you donate to a national or local political party. Town government should be fair, equitable, open, and transparent to all.
Come and check us out at our next monthly meeting. We will not judge, nor will we demand that you follow a national, state, or N.Y.C. political doctrine. Let us work together for a better East Hampton for all.
East Hampton Town Republican Committee
Mr. Vilar stated that black Americans made up 53 percent of overturned convictions in New York State in the last 30 years. However, just 17.6 percent of the state population is black, according to the census, a percentage that is higher than in the 1990, 2000, and 2010 censuses. This means that more than half of the people who are wrongfully convicted in New York are black, even though they make up less than a fifth of the population. Ed.
February 8, 2020
To The Star:
Imagine if you never had to worry about medical bills. No bills for visits to the doctor, no bills for hospital stays, and never having to hand over money for prescriptions. And, of course, if you get sick or get injured, the last thing you want to get is a bill. This is the ideal, which has been labeled “socialized medicine.”
What most people complain about with this idea is that the money has to come from somewhere, and no one has done a good job of explaining this. I would like to offer a simplified model of how socialized medicine could work — and be paid for. In fact, this model is already in use in most other developed countries around the world, and they have just as good health care as we do. Sometimes better.
Let’s begin with the cost-benefit argument. Right now, to get even decent care most people have to pay a lot of money to a health-care provider, which is a fancy name for a health insurance company. Even with the flawed Affordable Care Act in place, these companies, which are run as for-profit businesses (which I personally think is unethical), find ways to exclude a lot of high-cost applicants and worm their way out of payouts. Often the payouts don’t cover even a quarter of the medical bills they were supposed to, and those who have pre-existing conditions (asthma, cancer, arthritis) can find themselves being priced out, if not completely turned down.
While the pay-in for group health care offered by many bosses is a bit less, it’s still a burden. Most policies average $3,000 to $6,000 a year (that’s a solo policy for a single person or couple) which is a lot already. And those are the most basic of policies. They have complicated contracts connected with them, which only a lawyer can untangle.
Imagine if instead of paying this money to unscrupulous corporations who worry more about the bottom line and their investors than your health (both mental and physical), you could pay this money in taxes, and never have to deal with the health providers again. This is how most European countries, especially England, France, and Italy, handle health-care costs. It works because the government, under ideal conditions, is not looking to make a profit for itself but rather to benefit the average citizen.
There would be strict rules that none of this money could be used to pay for elective surgery, such as liposuction or collagen injected into the lips or even something like Botox. Of course, reconstructive surgery for something like a lost nose, ear, or other body part would be covered; this is necessary for the patient’s mental health as well as his or her acceptance by society.
Just how much we might each pay for such a system is up for debate. Since it would be part of our taxes, it would be scaled to what each person can afford to pay. It has been argued that the super-rich should not have to pay medical bills for the poor by paying a much larger rate in taxes. That’s not how it should be thought of at all. They should think like responsible C.E.O.s of a big company, buying a bulk health plan. Most millionaires and billionaires actually employ thousands of people if not tens of thousands. By paying into a government-run medical program, they will not only be getting first-class health care for a fraction of the price, but they are ensuring that their workers also have first-class medical care without having to worry about the bills. Bills = stress = impairment = lost productivity. Good care will also make sure that injured or ill workers get back to work in a timely fashion instead of extending their down time. It’s really a win-win situation.
I know there are people out there who want to keep their health-care plans. I also know that the health-care providers, like most big businesses, don’t want to see their industry wiped out. The argument is similar to the main one, which was put forth by the fossil fuel industry: Why put all those workers out of a job? In the case of the fossil-fuel industry, the counterargument, which was never made forcefully enough, is that these substances were and still are causing irreparable damage to the world’s biosphere.
In the case of health care, making a profit from other people’s illness is unethical, especially if you’re not going to cover crippling expenses. Interestingly, I wrote a paper on how to deal with this problem, and the best solution is for the government to retrain and hire them to do all the clerical work such a department needs.
The one fly in the ointment that I can see is that you need a government that is not out to make money for itself for this to actually work. We would need a government with integrity and a good sense of ethics (scientific, not religious). Sadly, we currently have a president who lines his own pockets with taxpayer money every time he patronizes one of his own golf clubs or resorts (and he does so often); we also have a Congress dominated by Republicans, who are more interested in keeping their jobs than in doing what is ethical and/or just. I fear that this combination is unlikely to change in the near future, and every day we move closer and closer to dictatorship.
If we are serious about making life better for everyone in this country, we need to rid ourselves of the likes of unethical and, frankly, imbecilic Republicans who bear the lion’s share of the blame for the worst things that have happened to this country. (To be clear, I’m not speaking of Republicans in general, but the ones who are in Congress, with the exception possibly of Senator Romney, who all let the president off the hook for truly heinous crimes.) And, by the way, I don’t let the Democrats off too easily either. There should have been a lot more articles of impeachment, but that’s another story.
To put all this in simple terms, it would be nice to have our health care paid for by the government, just as every other first-world country does, but to do that you have to be able to trust the government to do it right. The one we have right now, I fear, would not be up to the task. Though Democrats are far from perfect, the real problem is Republicans, who do as they like and not what the people who elected them would have them do.
As always, thanks for reading. These are just thoughts.
February 4, 2020
For some peculiar reason the Cornhusker State caucuses have been a favorite for predicting the winner of a presidential national election. The Iowa caucus has now made a fool of itself, and the democratic process as well. Iowa’s much-touted quirky caucus system, being the first national election event, has just blown up, and should go into well-deserved oblivion. That it is ethnically limited and inaccessible to many delegates is another consideration.
There is no evidence of tampering at this time, but the voter-tallying app that the Democrats own Democratic National Committee recently bought and installed is a tremendous failure. A paper ballot backup provides the ability to count the voting by hand eventually. However, they still haven’t finished counting the votes because the tallying app really screwed up.
Of course, Donald Trump has taken this opportunity to ridicule everything about the Democrats and their incompetence.
That every state has its own home-cooked method of selecting national candidates, and designing its own voting procedures, has gone beyond quaint. It is obsolete and actually stupid, flawed, and putting the national vote at high risk for tampering and fraud.
Every state has dreamed up its own ideas of how to screen voters, design ballots, implement their favorite voting machines and methods. Every state has its own homespun methods of marking and counting votes and accomplishing primary voting to determine a presidential candidate. Some make a bit of sense, and some are shabby or even of corrupt purpose.
All of this state’s rights nonsense is just because of some misreading of The Federalist Papers, which would lead one to believe, in error, that every state should be an independent nation of some sort. This might be true for certain regulations that affect matters that are totally and exclusively the concern of any specific state.
Reality in this century shows clearly there are matters that are federal in nature and should conform to a uniform set of standards. It is time for us to give up the nonsense that every state can do everything in its own way. It’s time for uniform alcohol laws, marijuana laws, environmental regulations, driving laws, health care, education, gun laws, and now voting procedures.
That’s what needs to change, not all these laws changing from state to state to state. This is the very situation that was maddening about Europe before the E.U., when a 10-minute drive could put you across a national boundary, and you would have a whole other set of laws to deal with. Historically, there was a good reason for that then, but now there is no excuse in this country that calls itself the United States. To have laws that change 50 times when you drive around the country is absolutely absurd and dangerous. It is an inexcusable opportunity to put people at legal risk simply for traveling within their homeland.
In this age of election tampering, this caucus idea really stinks, and should be abandoned. There should be federal standards for voting machines and procedures and competent inspections, sound accounting procedures and documentation, and hard backup of data.
Let’s Show Them
February 10, 2020
To the Editor:
The impeachment trial showed beyond a doubt that the president tried to extort a foreign leader to interfere in an upcoming election on not just one occasion, but several, that many people in the administration were aware of and complicit in that effort, and that Senate Republicans had zero interest in getting to the truth, instead holding a trial that called no witnesses, including those with firsthand knowledge.
It is now clear that we are on a runaway train, heading straight toward authoritarian rule. At least Schiff and Co. tried to pull the emergency brake. But since that didn’t work, it really is up to us.
Let’s show them that most Americans respect this country and its most fundamental principles of democracy, that most Americans believe a president should not run his administration like a mob boss, that most Americans expect a president to lead by example, not one who leads by bullying and lying, punishing anyone who dares to disagree.
And in November, let’s remember that our representative, Lee Zeldin, still insists that the president did absolutely nothing wrong.
February 6, 2020
Can you believe the time, money, and crazed Democrats have put themselves out there for a full acquittal. Are they that dumb to think they could do a half-ass job in the basement of the Capitol.
Call only witnesses they thought would help their case, stop the G.O.P. from asking questions, and not allow them to call their own witnesses.
The Democrats then sent their mess over to the Senate, expected them to clean everything up and find the president guilty.
Now we have the State of the Union, an excellent speech, plenty of applause, except for the white-suit hateful liberals. Nancy Pelosi claims, actually swears, she prays every day for the president. She says she doesn’t use the word hate, but she sure showed her hate when she tore the president’s speech in half. She then had the nerve to talk at a press speech about decorum. Where was the decorum when liberals sat during the speech instead of applauding, especially when the soldier came home. There were other instances when they should have stood, but showed their hate and remained seated. Talk about dividing the country — the Democrats have done more than their share.
I personally expected nothing else from Romney, he’s still sulking.
In God and country,
Worthy of Discussion
February 6, 2020
The phrase so much in discussion in the failed attempt to impeach Donald Trump, “high crimes and misdemeanors,” was in my view misinterpreted. The sophistry inevitable when lawyers debate obscured the common sense the framers intended. Republican legislators pretended that high crimes and misdemeanors are one thing. In fact, either the phrase was a tautology, or the framers were acknowledging that impeachment might be appropriate even in the absence of a high crime, or even a low crime.
The first definition of “misdemeanor” in the dictionary is “ill behavior, evil conduct.” This leaves to the discretion of the Senate what ill behavior or evil conduct should be worthy of a guilty verdict in impeachment proceedings.
In that case, the articles of impeachment could have required a good-size truck to deliver. One-thousand six-hundred public lies would take some work to enumerate, and some time to debate. But to take just one example, defying the worldwide consensus of science related to climate change, and enacting policies that assure the onset of global catastrophe impacting billions of lives, surely qualifies by itself as ill behavior worthy of discussion on the Senate floor.
Congress should heed the proverb “If at first you don’t succeed, try, try again.”
February 6, 2020
Dear Mr. Rattray;
You tell a sad but true story about warming winters in East Hampton. It’s been a long time since we’ve experienced the long freezing winters of the past.
However, a greater concern than the inability to take out our iceboats is the rising water that warming oceans are already bringing. A coastal resiliency plan has already estimated a $5.5 billion threat to private property in East Hampton. Homes are going up on pilings. Montauk is considering retreating from the coast.
Also, warming ocean currents, according to a recent study, are speeding up much more than anticipated. This will redistribute weather patterns and affect marine life. Our fisheries will feel the effect.
There’s no solution to this problem other than to stop putting the greenhouse gases — carbon dioxide and methane — into the atmosphere. We need a 100 percent renewable economy, including transportation and the energy grid. Gov. Andrew Cuomo promises that by 2050. It doesn’t look like we’ll be able to wait that long.
A Sad Time
February 8, 2020
In his revolutionary pamphlets, “Common Sense,” published from 1775 to 1776, Thomas Paine wrote, “These are the times that try men’s souls.”
Let us face reality. It is indeed a sad time for our citizens and our democratic republic. On Jan. 31, 2020, the G.O.P.- controlled Senate voted to hear no more witnesses in the impeachment trial of President Donald J. Trump. The G.O.P. senators stated that they needed more firsthand testimony, but then blocked John Bolton (with firsthand testimony) from testifying. Common sense? On Feb. 5, the Senate acquitted Trump of charges that he abused the powers of his office and obstructed Congress.
The G.O.P.-controlled Senate has now set a precedent that a sitting president is above the law and cannot be prosecuted for any criminal or noncriminal transgression. To be concise, Trump can continue to grope, rape, pay off porn stars, engage in extortion, bribe, direct political assassinations without congressional approval, and engage in corrupt foreign transactions for political benefit.
Trump is no longer a president. He is an authoritarian dictator who will continue with impunity to purge the American judiciary, the C.I.A., the F.B.I., and the N.S.C. At the same time, he has endorsed his coterie of “strong leaders” —Putin, Erdogan, Duterte, and MbS, butchers and assassins — all while alienating our longtime allies and friends.
I have no doubt that history will judge the G.O.P. sheep with the same brush used for the Nazi sheep who willingly voted for the enabling act and vowed to follow, without any sense of a moral compass, the will of Adolf Hitler.
There are, of course, many ways to deal with a dictator. I would most heartily recommend the course taken by our founding fathers. Revolt, and then vote. I had always believed that Americans were secure in the collective wisdom, tutelage, and vision of our founding fathers — Jefferson, Hamilton, Adams, and Washington — men who pledged their lives and fortunes to create a democratic republic that would protect us from foreign and domestic enemies and dictators. Until Trump, the Constitution that they had written had done just that.
February 8, 2020
President Trump’s firing of Lt. Col. Alexander VINDman was a VINtage, VINDictive act by a revenge-seeking man unjustifiably feeling VINDicated by his impeachment acquittal. The only true VINDication earned was by VINDman, whose truthful testimony was supported by multiple other witnesses such as Gordon Sondland and Marie Yovanovitch.
It’s too bad the House of Representatives managers did not employ any lawyers as effective as the infamous “My Cousin VINny.” | <urn:uuid:65193388-ea46-4d93-a9e3-eda340b583d6> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.easthamptonstar.com/letters/2020213/letters-to-editor-021320 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.964018 | 8,566 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Shoulder tendonitis is an inflammation of your rotator cuff and/or biceps tendon. Your rotator cuff consists of the muscles and tendons in your shoulder. They connect your upper arm bone to your shoulder blade.
Shoulder tendonitis is often caused by a tendon being pinched by nearby structures. Shoulder tendonitis often occurs in certain sports that require your arm to move over your head repeatedly. Such sports include baseball, weightlifting, volleyball, racket sports, and certain swimming strokes.
Shoulder tendonitis may range from mild to severe inflammation of most of your rotator cuff. When your rotator cuff tendon gets inflamed and thickened, it is also called rotator cuff tendonitis. Chronic shoulder tendonitis can lead to calcified tendonitis or tendinosis, where large calcium deposits and scar tissue form on the tendon leading to a limited range of motion and regular pain.
Shoulder tendonitis treatment for most cases starts with relatively simple, at-home care under your doctor’s supervision. Treatments from your doctor may also include physical therapy, stretching, and steroid injections. If conservative treatments have failed and it appears to have progressed to caclified tendonitis or tendinosis, you may be faced with surgery to debride/scrape the damaged tissue from the rotator cuff or a single treatment of Orthowave® High-energy Shockwave Therapy, the FDA approved non-invasive alternative to surgery.
Treatment depends on the severity of your shoulder tendonitis. Common treatments include rest, limited us of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories for pain, and strengthening exercises. If the conservative treatments have failed, your physician might recommend corticosteroid injections for the pain, surgery, or non-invasive High-energy Shockwave Therapy.
The pain is a little bit different for each person, but it is generally described as a soreness that gets worse when you reach, lift, push or pull with the injured shoulder. Occasionally, there might be a “clicking” feeling when you lift your arm over your head. The pain often subsides with rest but returns with activity.
Healing time varies from person to person. It depends on your age, underlying medical conditions and many other factors. Shoulder tendonitis usually heals within 3-6 weeks, depending on the treatments received but can become chronic and last for months or years if left untreated. Chronic cases sometimes require surgery or High-energy Shockwave Therapy for relief.
Try to avoid sleeping on your back or injured shoulder and instead sleep on the uninjured side. You may want to use a body pillow to help keep you in proper position. Be sure to use a pillow that provides good support for your head to keep your upper body in proper alignment.
There are several exercises which can help with shoulder pain. One of the more common exercises is the arm-across-chest stretch. For the arm-across-chest stretch, hold your injured arm out in front of you, reach with the opposite hand to behind your elbow on the injured side and pull your arm across your chest. The goal is to pull your injured arm across your chest without feeling any pain. Hold for 30-60 seconds, relax and repeat.
Sometimes the pain will resolve on its own, but more frequently, the pain and severity will worsen if left untreated. The more severe the injury, the longer it takes for it to completely heal and recover. Conservative treatments like rest and physical therapy can often heal mild to moderate tendonitis but surgery or non-invasive High-energy Shockwave Therapy may be required for moderate to severe tendonitis. | <urn:uuid:94c1cb41-d345-4ff6-b8f4-9dc066e51573> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sonexortho.com/shoulder-tendonitis/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.933326 | 743 | 2.65625 | 3 |
In this lesson we are going to see how to play both the organ and guitar solos of the song Highway Star by Deep Purple.
In this lesson we are going to see how to play both the organ and guitar solos of the song Highway Star by Deep Purple. The organ solo that Jon Lord performed in this song has been adapted to be played on the guitar making use of cool guitar techniques. The guitar solo has been played respecting the original position and licks that Ritchie Blackmore did.
These solos make use of a lot of techniques such as bending, vibrato, slide, legato, hammer ons, pull offs, etc. and include a lot of amazing ideas, licks and phrases which will surely inspire you in your own playing.
The whole song has been divided into sections, so that you can locate them really easily in tabs (in PDF and GP5 & 6). Each section is shown in slow speed and in full detail (high definition videos).
Backing tracks are included (in normal and slow speed). In this lesson I have also included the videos of the two complete solos (guitar and organ) played slowly, so that you can learn them, play along and practice until you are ready to perform them at normal speed.
You can’t miss out on the opportunity to learn how to play two of the best solos in the history of rock! | <urn:uuid:a6c8b4aa-a7cd-4c07-89bc-d88858fd2b53> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://live4guitar.com/guitar-lesson/deep-purple-highway-star-organ-and-guitar-solos | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.978533 | 289 | 1.523438 | 2 |
Lithography is a print technique that uses a flat print surface embedded with a thin film of chemicals, to which inks adhere. The antipathy of oil and water causes inks to stick to certain areas of the treated surface and to be repelled in other areas.
To make the printing surface, the printmaker (or in some cases the original artist) uses a grease pencil to draw a design onto a flat plate, typically an aluminum plate or a slab of special Bavarian limestone. A water-based solution of gum arabic is washed over the entire surface of the plate, adhering only to the areas not touched by the grease pencil. Using a turpentine solution, the printmaker removes the grease pencil marks, leaving behind the water-based gum arabic areas. He or she applies an oil-based ink over the entire surface of the print plate. The ink is washed and wiped off, but it sticks to the areas where the grease pencil was applied.
Printmaker Niviaqsi Quvianaqtuliaq creating a lithograph proof for "Halibut" by Ningeokuluk Teevee photo Norman Vorano, 2009, Photo © CMC
To make the paper print, the printmaker carefully lays a fresh sheet of blank paper on the print plate, which is washed with ink. With the assistance of a hand-cranked mechanical press, the printmaker squeezes the paper and print plate together under enormous pressure. This transfers the inks from the plate onto the paper. The inking and printing process is repeated many times to make a limited number of prints. The plate is then irrevocably cleaned with a different solution and reused for a new print. | <urn:uuid:7ee5d2f2-094d-491a-9d65-a756a4b4faf3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.historymuseum.ca/capedorsetprints/techniques/lithography.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.929778 | 354 | 3.921875 | 4 |
Multinational Diversity Drives Measurable Success in Logistics Operations
The logistics industry is international by its very nature. Logistics providers—particularly freight forwarders—manage relationships with companies around the world as shipments are moved globally. As a result, the United States is more diverse than ever before, which presents an opportunity for companies to partner with a logistics provider that hires staff from many countries and backgrounds as part of its business model and the core values of its operations.
True diversity in employee nationalities is built into a company’s DNA, with the goal of gaining strength as an organization through the recruitment of outstanding people with a variety of backgrounds, languages, skills, ideas, and cultures. Seeking an internationally-diverse logistics partner enhances growth worldwide and promotes superior results for clients, both global and domestic.
In fact, multiculturalism can be the competitive advantage that makes the critical difference in the success of your supply chain operations. Businesses that partner with a multicultural logistics provider build stronger relationships with their supplier base through shared languages and cultures, gain access to a variety of new business opportunities, and create a more agile supply chain through creative solutions.
Below are five good reasons to make multinational diversity a focus when choosing a logistics partner:
- Multinational diversity supports better customer service. When employees are able to communicate with international clients in their own language, with an understanding of their culture, they are better equipped to offer high levels of customer service and satisfaction.
- Multinational diversity increases efficiency through the ability to innovate. When team members are able to contribute multiple points of view, solutions to business problems become more dynamic and creative.
- Multinational diversity helps achieve sustainability through being adaptive to many environments and situations. When different perspectives are taken into account during process development, the result is a more nimble strategy that can evolve as client needs arise and the business climate changes.
- Multinational diversity promotes quality through an understanding of cultures and the unique needs of individuals. While world business is becoming truly global, huge regional variations still exist and will continue to do so. Companies can build better processes, products, and services by taking into account cultural variables.
- Multinational diversity helps attract more diverse top-tier talent from around the world, building a stronger organization. By focusing on recruiting and promoting individuals with a wide array of backgrounds, companies can achieve higher levels of employee engagement and attract more talent.
Recently, global management consulting firm McKinsey & Company released the results of a study called Diversity Matters. The study found that firms in the top 25 percent for racial and ethnic diversity were 35 percent more likely to have above-industry-median financial returns.
Recognizing that diversity is an important attribute for your supply chain partner is the first step. Determining how to select a logistics provider that has a deep multinational culture is the next. Here are the important qualities to look for in your partnership:
- Its key leaders support multicultural diversity in their actions. A truly diverse logistics partner will have a leadership team that acts and interacts with employees, associates, and business partners in ways that demonstrate respect and flexibility to diverse perspectives.
- Its corporate philosophy promotes an all-inclusive environment. A multinational logistics partner will have core values that encourage openness and ensure that multiple points of view make up the creative process.
- Its diversity goes beyond HR. A diverse logistics partner implements initiatives at the corporate and departmental levels that foster open channels of communication, drive innovation through the diversity of thought, and remove barriers for an all-inclusive culture.
The business landscape in the United States demands that multinational diversity be a top priority. Organizations with staff composed of many national origins and speaking a multitude of languages have a huge competitive advantage. The time to invest in diversity as a strategic business model is now, starting with a multicultural logistics partner. To stay competitive in today’s market, embrace the benefits of diversity in your own organization and in your strategic partnerships. | <urn:uuid:9a356637-1ecc-4bee-96af-21f2cc389b39> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.inboundlogistics.com/articles/multinational-diversity-drives-measurable-success-in-logistics-operations/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572089.53/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814234405-20220815024405-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.943675 | 802 | 1.75 | 2 |
This week has been all about tool work – wow they are getting so good at this! …
The children have learnt woodworking skills alongside all their outdoor sessions. They have hammered charcoal and observed how it makes everything darker too. With the cold weather this week, they have been able to explore the ice in the garden. We all know how fascinated children are about ice but we obviously have gone much further with this. How to get inside the ice? “Let’s smash it!” AR said – so of course we got the hammers out. The children understand tool safety already and know how important it is to wear goggles and gloves when using the hammer.
As well as breaking the ice, we even made some too – in the form of ice decorations! We collected treasures from the garden and after much discussion we waited for them to freeze and hung them on the trees. They were beautiful.
The children have also been drilling holes in medallions too for their eco warrior necklaces which we are sure they will be wearing with pride whilst doing all their very important sustainable jobs.
At the kitchen garden Alex has been digging and digging and digging and he’s done an amazing job. The ground is really frosty and hard now so its no mean feat. This weekend we have enlisted the help of Karl our trusty maintenance guy who will be finishing our pathways so the children can get up there and get on with their projects after half term. We can’t wait because there is lots to do! | <urn:uuid:5f51cb28-a0e9-4a7c-b6f2-08ed61f50459> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://youngfriends.co.uk/outdoor-chronicles-12th-feb-2021/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572908.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817122626-20220817152626-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.979424 | 312 | 2.71875 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits