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Background: The internet is increasingly being used to disseminate health information. Given the complexity of pediatric oncology clinical trials, we developed Delta, a Web-based decision aid to support families deciding whether or not to enroll their child with cancer in a clinical trial.
Objective: This paper details the Agile development process of Delta and user testing results of Delta.
Methods: Development was iterative and involved 5 main stages: a requirements analysis, planning, design, development, and user testing. For user testing, we conducted 13 eye-tracking analyses and think-aloud interviews with health care professionals (n=6) and parents (n=7).
Results: Results suggested that there was minimal rereading of content and a high level of engagement in content. However, there were some navigational problems. Participants reported high acceptability (12/13) and high usability of the website (8/13).
Conclusions: Delta demonstrates the utility for the use of Agile in the development of a Web-based decision aid for health purposes. Our study provides a clear step-by-step guide to develop a Web-based psychosocial tool within the health setting.
Decision Making Regarding Pediatric Oncology Clinical Trials
Many parents are faced with the decision of whether to enroll their child with cancer in a clinical trial. In Australia, approximately 80% of children with cancer enroll in a clinical trial. Despite the necessity of clinical trials to test new treatments with the aim to find more effective cancer treatments, patients and parents often find the decision difficult [, ]. Families often find the rationale, design, and long-term implications of participating in trials difficult to understand [ ]. Early phase clinical trials can be particularly confusing, with parents and young people overestimating the potential benefit of the trials (called therapeutic misconception) [ , ], making it difficult for them to weigh up the benefit and burden of enrolling while hoping for a cure. Deciding whether to enroll is also complex, given the time pressures to proceed to therapy, the large amount of information to comprehend, and the emotional timing of the decision, which is often at either diagnosis or relapse. Many families experience decisional anxiety and uncertainty and psychological distress associated with the decision whether to enroll their child in a clinical trial or not [ , ].
With clinical trial decisions, there may not necessarily be a right or wrong choice of treatment. In these scenarios, individual values and preferences of the family become crucial. Decision aids are evidence-based tools designed to assist clients to be involved in making specific and deliberated choices among health care options . Decision aids support patients and caregivers to make informed decisions by helping them to balance their values with the benefits and disadvantages of their treatment options. The “International Patient Decision Aid Standards” (IPDAS) highlight the role of clear information of treatment options based on research evidence, opportunities to clarify and express values, structured guidance in deliberation and communication of choice, and developed using a systematic development process [ ]. Although decision aids vary in formats, decision aids appear to improve knowledge, quality of informed consent, and decision satisfaction for adult patients making treatment or screening decisions (eg, prostate cancer screening, menopausal hormone therapy) [ ]. An evaluation of a decision aid in adult cancer clinical trials (“Cancer Research Choices”) has also shown reduced decisional conflict and postdecision regret compared with standard of care, without impacting clinical trial enrollment rates [ ]. Despite the fact that some decision aids exist in adult clinical trials, none are available in pediatric oncology.
Agile Development Process
Agile development is an overarching term to describe a software development process. Agile focuses on collaborations between developers and stakeholders, flexible methodology, and the ability to respond quickly to change through multiple iterations [, ]. Changes even in late development are encouraged. This approach aims to deliver a product that can quickly adapt to clients’ changing needs and also deliver a high-quality and high-value project within the constraints (ie, cost, schedule, and scope) [ ].
The use of Agile approaches has an increasing worldwide use within software development [, ] and research [ ]. Use of Agile approaches has been reported to result in higher business performance, customer satisfaction, and product quality compared with more structured nonfluid approaches [ ]. Agile projects were reported to be 28% more likely to succeed (defined by a project that is completed on time and budget and includes originally outlined specifications) [ ]. Multiple case studies have acknowledged the challenges of implementing Agile development, such as highly intensive interactions with stakeholders [ ], however many have reported an overall positive impact [ - ].
In recent years, there has been a rapid growth in the use of, and access to, the internet for health purposes [, ]. In Australia, studies have reported over 28% of patients access Web-based health information [ ], and in the United States, more than 43% do [ ]. In Swedish adult cancer patients, approximately 77% of patients seek Web-based health information [ ]. Accessing health information in oncology has been reported to improve oncologist-patient communication and connectedness, patient use of medical jargon, and scientific knowledge [ ].
Given the movement toward a more patient-centered and collaborative decision making approach in the health care system , there is a rising need for innovative product development that is provided online and tailored to the patient and their family. The principles of Agile are an appropriate vehicle to guide the development of a Web-based patient decision aid, especially those with clear aims yet flexibility in design [ ].
Using Agile to Develop Delta
We developed Delta, a Web-based decision aid to support families deciding whether or not to participate in a pediatric oncology clinical trial. The main of aim of Delta was to improve clinical trial knowledge and facilitate treatment discussions and shared decision making between families and health care professionals (HCPs). Families offered a clinical trial are able to log in to the Delta website, which links to the clinical trial they are considering. Delta incorporates general content about clinical trials (eg, what are clinical trials, how do clinical trials work), the specific clinical trial information sheet, and a values clarification exercise. This paper provides a detailed description of the development and early testing of Delta, acting as proof of concept for the use of Agile for the development of a Web-based decision aid.
The development of Delta was divided into the 5 main stages involved in Agile development and was both iterative (with one iteration referring to revisions made on one particular version of the website following feedback) and incremental (see). We expected development to take 4 months from approval of the functional specification, with an additional 2 months for prepilot user testing. Due to delays in development and complexity of using Agile in research (see Discussion section), the actual development time of Delta was approximately 4 months of full-time work and 2 months of user testing, spread over 12 months. Our development was driven by guidelines for patient websites [ ], the International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS) [ ], and 12 Agile principles (see ).
The development of Delta was supported by a steering committee (16 members) to ensure development followed IPDAS . The committee included psycho-oncology researchers (n=6), pediatric oncologists (n=5), a pediatric oncology clinical trial research manager (n=1), a clinical nurse consultant (n=1), parents (n=2), and a young person with cancer (n=1). All consumers signed a Terms of Reference Agreement specifying the purpose of the committee and their role. As Agile leans toward a leadership and collaboration approach, where a team leader acts as a facilitator, we also established a lead development team (3 members) from the steering committee to provide more regular feedback (ER, CW, and JF). The lead team met with each other face-to-face fortnightly, and all steering committee members met on an as-needed basis.
Requirements analysis was required to identify the needs and preferences of families in regard to information and functionality of the website. We identified needs and preferences of families by conducting a basic literature search, leading a systematic review on strategies to facilitate shared decision making in pediatric oncology clinical trials , and through discussions with the steering committee. Our team also conducted interviews with 25 Australian parents and 5 adolescents recently diagnosed with cancer to identify the needs and preferences of families when making treatment decisions. We continued the requirements analysis throughout the whole development process via discussions with the steering committee and literature searches.
Planning was required to determine appropriate timelines for the completion of sprints (ie, smaller milestones to be completed and reviewed in short time frames), content and website functions, and design. We chose Web developers based on their experience, reputation from previous clients, corresponding values in development ideologies, cost of deliverables, and workable time frames. Planned sprints, between 2 and 4 weeks, were also agreed upon based on workable time frames of the lead team and Web developers. A lead team member (ER) developed the content framework and the ideal design and functionalities of the website, which was approved after 3 iterations by the other lead team members. ER met with Web developers face-to-face on 3 occasions before beginning development to discuss the website concept, functional specifications, and website requirements. Web developers then finalized the functional specification, which the lead team approved.
The design stage involved design of the Delta logo, color scheme, font, and graphics and website wireframes (ie, a visual display of the function and framework of the website). A graphic designer with a good working relationship with the lead team assisted with these tasks. The logo and color scheme went through 2 iterations before approval by the lead team and steering committee. ER developed wireframes following the initial planning with the Web developers. Wireframes went through 3 iterations with the lead team before beginning functional website protocol development. Web developers then developed the website prototype. We asked all steering committee members to provide feedback on the website prototype. We implemented suggested modifications based on consensus.
The development stage involved the development of content and the functional Delta website. We developed Delta to be highly scalable, both horizontally (ie, ability to add more resources, such as content) and vertically (ie, ability to increase the functionality or capacity, such as potential functionality as an app). Delta has a responsive Web design. It has been developed to be user-friendly across multiple platforms, including computers, tablets, and mobile phone, and has in place the capability to be scaled up to be available as an app. Although currently only in English, it also has the capability to be scaled out to be available in multiple languages. Delta can also be easily scaled out by allowing the addition of as many clinical trials as necessary. The method to add in additional clinical trials has been simplified to ensure Delta is easily maintainable. We also ensured Delta was developed with a content management system, which allowed content to be easily updated without the need for Web developers.
Content went through approximately 8 rounds of iterations across 6 months, before being embedded within the website. We developed 2 versions of Delta (one version for parents and one for adolescents aged 12 years and older). Our systematic review identified 3 key strategies to facilitate shared decision making in pediatric oncology: (1) quality information exchange, (2) clear communication, and (3) decision making support. We developed Delta to incorporate these 3 core features of shared decision making [ ]. We developed Delta to cater for low health literacy populations. To facilitate information exchange, we presented information at Grade 8 readability for parent content [ ] and Grade 5 readability for adolescent content. The reader is able to access less or more detailed information based on their preference for information amount. We provided an option grid for readers to easily compare key information between their options. We also acknowledged the role of gist memory (that is, recall of bottom-line meaning rather than detailed information) and therefore included summary boxes of information. To promote communication, we incorporated a question prompt list and suggested strategies for parents to communicate with HCPs and their child (if appropriate).
To provide more decisional support, we incorporated a values clarification exercise. A values clarification exercise allows participants to clarify and communicate the personal value of options, to ultimately make a better quality decision that is most personally desirable [ ], and results in less decisional regret [ ]. The Delta values clarification exercise allows parents to rate their reasons to enroll or not to enroll in the clinical trial on a scale of personal importance. Delta is able to show whether the parent appears to be leaning toward enrolling in the trial or not. As per many patient decision aids [ ], the algorithm for the outcome of the Delta values clarification exercise is basic, providing a summation of participant responses. Although items may be weighted differently for each participant, the purpose of the decision making exercise is not to provide a correct answer or a recommendation, but rather allow participants to weigh up their treatment options. Participants are instructed that this exercise will provide some indication as to the option they are more inclined to choose, but to discuss it further with their treating team.
Delta also provides the specific information sheet for the clinical trial in which the family was invited to participate. The website also includes a glossary, a text-to-speech function, and the ability to save and print notes from within the website. Seefor the key elements of Delta.
Web developers delivered progress in fortnightly or monthly sprints. The lead team provided feedback of the sprints, and Web developers made necessary modifications as they came up. For the final sprint, of the 16 steering committee members, 12 were available to provide feedback. Modifications suggested by the steering committee were discussed with the lead team and implemented based on consensus. We received multiple iterations of the website in early stages of development from steering committee members. During later stages of development, the lead team requested less feedback and thus had fewer iterations. Fewer iterations in later development were due to significant delays in development and the minimal value that later iterations provided (eg, minor wording changes). Seefor a video introduction to the Delta website.
|Element||Strategy themea||Health literacyb|
|Information about clinical trials (grade 8 readability and minimal medical jargon)||Information provision||Functional|
|Specific clinical trial information sheet||Information provision||Functional|
|Interactive glossary||Information provision||Functional|
|Text-to-speech functionality||Information provision||Functional|
|Question prompt list||Communication||Communicative|
|Personal notes page||Communication||Communicative|
|Values clarification exercise||Decision making support||Critical|
aStrategy themes were identified via our systematic review .
bHealth literacy categories are based on Nutbeam’s model of health literacy .
We conducted eye-tracking analyses to assess the usability of the Delta website. Eye-tracking analyses have frequently been used in website development [, ]. The analysis used a computer with an embedded webcam to track each participant’s point of gaze. We conducted eye-tracking analyses to determine where participants’ gaze lingered, their length of gaze, and readability (ie, scanning, reading, or rereading of content). Data collected through eye-tracking analyses can be presented as either a gaze plot or a heat map. Gaze plots show the location, order, and time (known as the fixation duration) spent looking across certain aspects of the website. Heat maps are a visualization of the focus of visual attention across multiple participants.
We also conducted retrospective think-aloud interviews to establish participant satisfaction and acceptability of the website. Retrospective think-aloud interviews encourage participants to verbalize aloud their thought processes on replay of their task completion and are commonly used in website development [, ]. The literature suggests 5 to 9 participants in think-aloud interviews, and eye-tracking analyses can detect 80% to 90% of usability problems on a website [ , ].
Individuals were eligible to participate if they were a parent of a child treated for cancer at Sydney Children’s Hospital. ER undertook user testing in a private office at the Sydney Children’s Hospital. Participants were all experienced at using computers and the internet. Participants were reimbursed with an Aus $20 gift voucher. The local ethics committee approved the user testing.
We instructed participants to browse the website for a maximum of 40 min. We asked participants to view the website as if they had had a consultation with their clinician regarding enrolling in a clinical trial and then provided with the Web-based decision aid. We emphasized to participants that the goal was not to assess their computer skills or their knowledge of clinical trials but rather to test the usability and acceptability of the website. If participants did not view the values clarification exercise of their own accord, ER directed the participant to complete it. Following the free browsing of the website, ER asked basic questions regarding usability, functionality, and acceptability of the website. We used a retrospective think-aloud protocol. This involved participants thinking aloud their thought process alongside a visual replay of their own eye-tracking data.
A total of 17 families were identified as appropriate to contact by an oncologist or nurse (seefor participant demographics). Moreover, 7 parents opted into the study (all mothers). Reasons for nonparticipation included being too busy or living too far away to come to the hospital. Eye-tracking data are missing for one parent because of technical difficulties. A total of 6 HCPs in psycho-oncology (4/6 females) also participated in user testing.
Eye gaze was detectable, on average, 93% of the time. Validity of the gaze for both the left and right eyes was 0 on average, suggesting that the tracking quality was good. Participants left-clicked 142 times on average (range 86-237 clicks). Participants took 50.1 s to log in to the website (SD 31.0; range 25-133), 14.3 min on average to read the general content of decision aid (SD 9.5; range 2.1-33.6), and 2.5 min to complete the values clarification exercise (SD 0.9; range 1.1-4; seefor an overview of data).
Most participants completed the values clarification exercise (5/6 HCPs; 6/7 parents), with 5 participants (4 HCPs, 1 parent) accessing the exercise without being prompted. The reasons participants did not access the exercise was because they did not see the link to access the exercise (n=4 parents) or did not feel it was relevant to them (n=1 HCP). One HCP completed the exercise twice as they wanted to see if their responses changed after reading more information. The methods of accessing content were to use the side panel menu (n=3 HCPs, n=3 parents), the “next” button (n=1 HCPs, n=2 parents), a combination of both (n=2 HCPs), or the home button (n=1 parent).
|Parental role||Child age at diagnosis||Time since child’s diagnosis in months||Clinical triala|
|Average (SD)||7.2 (4.2)||26.6 (21.9)||N/Ac|
aFamilies who were enrolled in a clinical trial as part of their child’s cancer treatment.
bEye-tracking data are missing for this participant because of technical issues.
cN/A: not applicable.
|Tasks||Overall (n=12)||Parent (n=6)||Health care professionals (n=6)||t valuea (degrees of freedom)|
|Average time (SD)||Range||Average time (SD)||Range||Average time (SD)||Range|
|Log in time||50.1 s (31.0)||25-133 s||64.4 s (40.8)||27-133 s||38.2 s (14.9)||25-65 s||−1.475 (9)|
|Reading general content||14.3 min (9.5)||2.1-33.6 min||13.7 min (7.3)||5.3-24.0 min||14.8 min (12.0)||2.1-33.6 min||0.181 (10)|
|Completing the values clarification exercise||2.5 min (0.9)||1.1-4 min||2.8 min (0.7)||1.8-3.7 min||2.1 min (1.0)||1.1-4 min||0.424 (10)|
aNo comparisons were significant.
Most participants reported high acceptability (5/6 HCPs; 7/7 parents) and high usability of the website (4/6 HCPs; 4/7 parents):
It was nice and clear. It was simple. It had a good flow, not too many buttons to make you completely overwhelmed. Your emotions would be ridiculously high if you are looking at this, so you need to make it as simple as possible, so I like that there are three main parts to it
[Parent of a 5-year-old boy with neuroblastoma]
Most participants (5/6 HCPs; 6/7 parents) found the content easy to read and reported that it flowed logically. Some participants read the summary boxes before reading the main content (2/6 HCPs; 2/7 parents). These participants chose to read that section first as they felt it would be the most important information. Minor word changes were suggested by all participants (eg, change “me time” to “self-care”). None of the participants used the personal notes function, however several freely reported in the think-aloud interview that this function would be useful (n=1 HCP; n=3 parents). Moreover, 7 participants used the glossary (n=3 HCPs; n=4 parents), reporting the usefulness of the function. No participants used the speech-to-text function.
There were few instances of rereading of content, with eye-tracking data suggesting that participants read lines to completion (see). Most participants (5/6 HCPs; 6/6 parents; n=1 missing parent) skipped at least one page of content. Participants skipped content as they either did not want to read that information (1/5 HCPs; 1/6 parents) or did not realize they had skipped it (4/5 HCPs; 5/6 parents). Participants suggested that reducing overlap of images and phrases would improve usability. There were some particularly long fixations throughout the website, which is indicative of cognitive processing. Examples of long fixations include the terms “antitumor activity” and “dose escalation” (see ).
Most participants reported at least some difficulty in navigating the website (3/6 parents; 4/7 parents). Problems included finding the home page and accessing more content. Eye-tracking data suggested that once participants were more familiar with the website, they were easily able to navigate to the next page of content (see). In think-aloud interviews, many participants felt that they would have found navigation easier if font and icons were of a larger size and darker color (2/6 HCPs; 6/7 parents). Participants found the values clarification exercise useful, and the participants’ suggested leaning reflected how they felt they were leaning with regards to whether or not to enroll their child in the clinical trial (4/5 HCPs; 6/7 parents):
I think the tool is a helpful way to make a decision. It shows you from the way you’ve answered the questions that you are tending, even if you feel undecided. It gives you options to further think about “Why am I tending that way?,” “What don’t I actually like about the trial?,” and “What more information do I need?"
[Mother of a 10-year-old boy with neuroblastoma]
After this tool, we would really start talking with each other. The exercise is great—it becomes a tool at that point for more people to really engage.
[Mother of a 13-year-old boy with osteosarcoma]
Eye-tracking analyses showed long fixations for the first few values clarification exercise items and scale. Less time was spent on the last two items of the exercise, suggesting cognitive fatigue. In think-aloud interviews, participants reported feeling unsure of how to use the values clarification exercise (2/5 HCPs; 2/7 parents). Only 5 participants (all HCPs) accessed instructions on how to complete the exercise, with minimal gaze focusing on the instructions panel (see). However, most participants (4/6 HCPs; 6/7 parents) found that the exercise was useful and accurate in the direction they felt they were leaning:
I was really impressed—I wasn’t expecting that. It was great. The outcome of enrolling in the clinical trial was how I was feeling. It’s still interesting to see that sentence come up and say that that though
[Mother of a 9-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia]
Participants felt that the user experience of the values clarification exercise could have been improved by providing a clearer introduction and purpose of the exercise (2/6 HCPs; 4/7 parents) and providing more visible instructions (1/6 HCPs; 7/7 parents). Seefor an overview of user testing findings.
Implementation of User Testing Findings
User testing revealed that both HCPs and parents found Delta to be acceptable and useful. On the basis of the results of the user testing, the lead team reviewed the changes suggested and implemented changes based on consensus. Main changes included replacement of the “home” icon and darker and larger font. Seefor summary of main modifications made. Although some minor issues were raised, overall findings were positive.
|Delta functions||Overall (N=13)||HCPs (N=6)||Parent (N=7)|
|Values clarification exercise|
|Completed values clarification exercise||12||5||7|
|Completed task without being prompted||5||4||1|
|Found exercise was accurate and useful||10||4||6|
|Viewed instructions for exercise||5||5||0|
|Combination of side panel and next button||2||2||0|
|Acceptability and usability|
|Reported high acceptability||12||5||7|
|Reported high usability||8||4||4|
|At least some minor navigational issues||7||3||4|
|Suggestion for larger and darker font||8||2||6|
|Content easy to read||11||5||6|
|Minor word changes suggested||13||6||7|
|Read summary boxes first||4||2||2|
|Used notes function||0||0||0|
|Used glossary function||7||3||4|
|Used text-to-speech function||0||0||0|
|Skipped at least one pagea||11||5||6|
aData missing from 1 parent.
|Content||Minor wording changes made throughout website|
|Content||Reduction of overlap of content throughout|
|Content||Clear introduction of purpose of values clarification exercise|
|Design||Home page more obvious to navigate|
|Design||Darker color and large-sized font|
|Design||Values clarification exercise instructions more obvious|
aModifications were related to either content or design.
Some of the features within the website were not used (eg, notes page) or were used by approximately half of the sample. We expected this level of use, given that approximately half of the features and functions are used in a typical website .
User testing findings should be considered in light of several limitations. We were only able to recruit mothers for this study. However, this may be appropriate feedback, given that mothers tend to take on a greater decisional role than fathers in pediatric oncology . Our findings may also be biased because of our sample having more interest in participating in such research. Finally, as Delta involves pages that scroll, we cannot guarantee the precise accuracy of the eye-tracking analyses in regard to the gaze plots and heat map outputs. Although feedback regarding Delta was positive, we cannot assure ecological validity in that parents would actively engage with the content outside of the user testing given the potential of the Hawthorne effect.
This paper details the development of Delta, a Web-based decision aid to support families to decide whether or not to enroll in a pediatric oncology clinical trial. We developed Delta using the Agile approach, which included a requirements analysis, planning, design, development, and user testing. We developed Delta iteratively, focusing on short sprints of work. Delta is the first a Web-based decision aid, to the authors’ knowledge, developed using the Agile approach.
Benefit of Using Agile in Developing a Web-Based Psychosocial Tool
The benefit of using Agile in the development of Delta has allowed for a high level of collaboration between the lead development team, HCPs and researchers, and consumers. In research projects, such as Delta, collaborators are often chosen based on their individual expertise. This aligns well with Agile, as the success of Agile projects is largely dependent on the expertise of the team involved .
Involving consumers throughout development and in user testing has been especially important for Delta. The World Health Organization Declaration of Alma Ata states that “people have the right and duty to participate individually and collectively in the planning and implementation of their health care” . When developing patient tools, especially for vulnerable populations as the case for Delta, patients’ and families’ roles should play an active role [ ]. The Agile process caters for consumer involvement. Involving patients and families in the development of patient information material may result in more appropriate, sensitive, readable, and understandable information [ ]. For Delta and similar research projects, this means that the limited funds available are available to be spent on what is considered most important for families and clinicians.
The benefit of using Agile in the development of Delta has also been in working in short sprints and iteratively. This means that smaller aspects of the website were presented to the developmental team, followed by iterative refinement. Short sprints mean that required changes were usually minor and thus more financially manageable. For Delta, minor issues such as reorganization of content were able to be resolved early into development. Breaking Delta into more manageable units also meant that we were able to focus on detailed yet high-quality development. Quick releases are a major benefit of using Agile . Being able to deliver short sprints of work has encouraged collaborators to become more engaged, provide quality feedback, and ensure deadlines are being met.
Barriers to Using Agile in Developing a Psychosocial Tool
One of the major limitations of using Agile to develop Delta is because of the slow-moving nature of research. This has limited the ability for short and fast sprints of work. To ensure high quality of product, involvement of clinicians and consumers has been imperative. We constantly adapted our time frames to work within the constraints of the experts involved. The Delta steering committee, however, found difficulties in maintaining constant face-to-face meetings. Agile may be difficult when working with larger teams, especially with more than 20 to 30 members . Even with a team of 13 members such as with Delta, issues arose in regard to meeting deadlines for feedback and having too many meetings. To overcome the difficulty in obtaining feedback at each iteration, we allocated certain tasks to team members based on their expertise and interests. The very hierarchical approach that Agile takes to development may also not work within some workplace cultures [ ]. Organizations that have greater bureaucracy and formality may also experience difficulty in fast sprints of work.
With multiple iterations, the project scope is subject to change. Creating accurate budgets and schedules at the start of the project is difficult. For Delta, over the course of development, the scope of the website has almost doubled, from originally being a purely parent website to now including both parent and adolescent versions. Although Agile has allowed for scope creep in a more controlled and manageable manner, the change in scope has been costly and needed to be better budgeted. Some functions that were implemented during early cycles of development can also become redundant as requirements and scope change. The redesign and recoding can add significant costs.
For Delta, we were required to obtain ethics approval to conduct user testing, which pushed back the schedule by several weeks. Difficulties with recruitment, such as booking in times for families to complete the testing at the designated location, also delayed user testing. When working with patients and families, researchers need to be aware of the time to recruit and to conduct user testing.
Although discussions with experts and the literature have guided the development of Delta, sometimes this does not always turn out to be what is logistically possible or what families want. Agile focuses on consumers’ and development teams’ preferences, which meant there was an emphasis on the functional requirements of Delta (eg, text-to-speech function, glossary, and wording). The Research-Based Web Design and Usability Guidelines also encouraged us to consider nonfunctional requirements. Nonfunctional requirements include horizontal (ie, ability to build out and be produced in a variety of capabilities, such as Delta on a computer and also mobile phone compatible) and vertical scalability (ie, increasing resources or capabilities on a single component, such as Delta), security, maintainability, and longevity of Delta. However, when working with Agile, researchers should balance consumer preferences with usability and performance.
We recommend that researchers can develop a Web-based decision aid using Agile. We suggest that researchers set deadlines for iterations of sprints of work even in the case that the planned work may not be completely finished . We strongly recommend that the 10th Agile principle of “simplicity” (ie, getting “just” enough done as needed for right now) be incorporated. We suggest that if only minimal feedback is provided by a set deadline, development continues as per these deadlines. Given the increase in value after a certain number of iterations reaches saturation [ ], this may ultimately reduce the “time-to-market” without impacting quality of work. However, it must be noted that although these deadlines are technically “set,” they do require constant updating in regard to priorities and expected time for completion as the project progresses. We suggest having a product backlog of what has been completed and what needs to be done. The product backlog should acknowledge the value (ie, how useful or important is this as part of the project?) and the size (ie, how difficult or long development is expected to take?) of developing the feature or function. Better understanding the value and size can allow researchers to predict the return on investment and potentially reduce costs where possible. The product backlog should also note the velocity (ie, the rate of progress or time to complete an iteration) to ensure progress continues at an appropriate pace. We have included a suggested template for reporting the product backlog (see ). We also suggest future researchers’ budget for multiple iterations throughout development, both in regard to time and cost.
This paper provides an overview of the development and early testing of Delta, a patient Web-based decision aid for pediatric oncology clinical trial enrollment. We developed Delta using the gold standards of patient decision aids and Web development. In development of decision aids specifically, there is a definite need for guidelines or examples of development processes . This paper has begun to fill this gap in the literature, providing more guidance for researchers looking to develop a Web-based decision aid. Delta acts as proof of concept of the use of Agile for the development of a Web-based decision aid. Aspects of Agile development may be useful to incorporate to ensure the development of a high-quality and high-value project within the constraints of cost, schedule, and scope. The development process detailed in this paper provides a suggested template from which future tools can be developed.
The authors would like to thank Luke Fry, Ursula Sansom-Daly, and Brad Zebrack for their assistance on this project; Objective Experience for the eye-tracking services; Feel Creative for the Web development services; and Emily Boulton for her graphic design services. They would also like to thank the Delta study steering committee: Dr Richard Mitchell, Prof Glenn Marshall, Ms Donna Drew, Ms Grace Wong, Prof Andrea Patenaude, Prof Phyllis Butow, Dr Joanne Shaw, Ms Nell Hanbury, Ms Donna Ludwinski, and Ms Sue Walter. The authors would also like to thank all participants involved in user testing. This project and EGR are supported by the Cancer Institute NSW Translational Program Grant (Experimental therapeutics for Myc-driven childhood cancer, 10/TPG/1-13). CW is supported by a Career Development Fellowship from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (APP1067501). JF is supported by The Kids Cancer Project. The Behavioural Sciences Unit is supported by the Kids with Cancer Foundation, the Kids Cancer Alliance, as well as a Cancer Council New South Wales Program Grant PG16-02 with the support of the Estate of the Late Harry McPaul.
Conflicts of Interest
Multimedia Appendix 1
Table of Agile principles and translation to the development of Delta.PDF File (Adobe PDF File), 27KB
Multimedia Appendix 2
Video providing an overview of the Delta website and user-testing.MP4 File (MP4 Video), 32MB
Multimedia Appendix 3
Table providing recommended backlog template for future researchers.PDF File (Adobe PDF File), 23KB
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|HCP: health care professional|
|IPDAS: International Patient Decision Aid Standards|
Edited by G Eysenbach; submitted 25.10.17; peer-reviewed by L Warrington, R El Shafie; comments to author 29.01.18; revised version received 30.01.18; accepted 16.03.18; published 04.05.18Copyright
©Eden G Robertson, Claire E Wakefield, Richard J Cohn, Tracey O'Brien, David S Ziegler, Joanna E Fardell. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 04.05.2018.
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Research Protocols, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.researchprotocols.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included. | <urn:uuid:c51b019b-29ec-4c46-b3b2-4db81d8fb3fe> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://researchprotocols.org/2018/5/e119/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00064.warc.gz | en | 0.904622 | 11,512 | 2.671875 | 3 |
[See the bottom of this post for explanations of the 17th of Tammuz and the Three Weeks of mourning.]
Today’s fast of the 17th of Tammuz, and the whole start of the Three Weeks of mourning, came with an odd feeling this year.
At minyan last night I looked around and saw all the fresh haircuts and trimmed beards, and couldn’t help but think it looked like Rosh HaShanah, or Pesach.
The feeling was amplified by my own pre-Three Weeks shopping spree. Since the traditional practice of Ashkenazi Jews is that we don’t buy new clothing during the Three Weeks, and since our family is moving, Gd-willing, soon after this mourning period ends, I’ve purchased new shoes, slacks and ties recently. Although I’ve been wearing them for the past several days, a definite newness remains.
Fresh haircut, clean-cut beard, new clothes… yes, it feels much more like Yom Tov than a fast day mourning the destruction of the Beit haMikdash.
But I suppose I could look at it this way: We’re all set for the arrival of mashiach!
The fast day of the 17th of Tammuz, observed Thursday July 9 this year, commemorates five tragedies:
1. Moses descended from meeting Gd and receiving the Torah on Mount Sinai, saw the Jews celebrating with the Golden Calf, and broke the two tablets Gd had given him.
2. The daily Tamid offering, which had been brought regularly in the Jerusalem Beit haMikdash [Temple] from the time the Jews built the Mishkan for over one thousand years, was halted during the Babylonian siege of Jerusalem before the Beit haMikdash was destroyed.
3. The Romans invaded Jerusalem, prior to destroying the second Beit haMikdash. (The Babylonians invaded Jerusalem to destroy the first Temple on the 9th of Tammuz.)
4. A Greek or Roman official named Apostimos held a public burning of the Torah.
5. Idols were set up in the Temple itself; it is not clear what year this happened.
The 17th of Tammuz begins a three-week Jewish national period of mourning for the destruction of the two Temples in Jerusalem, as well as numerous other nation-wide tragedies, such as the Chmielnitzki massacres, the Crusades, and the Holocaust. This period culminates with the fast of Tisha b'Av, the ninth of Av. | <urn:uuid:118e1aff-ccef-4f2d-b83e-5039b698fbc5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://rechovot.blogspot.com/2009/07/new-clothes-and-haircuts-for-three.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282202.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00552-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.956068 | 543 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Lies We Believe About God is the latest book from the author of The Shack, WM. Paul Young. The author originally penned The Shack at the request of his wife as a Christmas gift to his six children. First published in 2007, this book has sold over 20 million copies and was recently unveiled as a feature film.
The Shack struck a central chord in people, many of whom confess that the storyline helped them overcome personal pain and tragedy, what the author refers to as, the Great Sadness. Wes Yoder, who endorses The Shack summarizes the ideas in this story. He writes, “The Shack is a beautiful story of how God comes to find us in the midst of our sorrows, trapped by disappointments, betrayed by our own presumptions.” Eugene Peterson adds, “This book has the potential to do for our generation what John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress did for his. It’s that good.”
But many reviewers of The Shack were less sympathetic. In the minds of some, the nature of God was compromised, and the boundaries of orthodoxy were broached. But since The Shack is a novel, the line between fact and fiction became blurred, and the theological intentions of the author were difficult to discern.
Young’s most recent offering, Lies We Believe About God, puts to rest any speculation about his views of God and Christian theology. The truly impressive feature about Young’s most recent offering is its transparency and honesty. The author presents twenty-eight “lies we believe about God” in terms that are unmistakable. Readers will no longer be able to sweep the theological statements in Young’s previous novels under the carpet. His views concerning God are outlined in plain terms, giving readers a better understanding of what was proposed in his previous novels.
The question for discerning readers to ask is whether or not Young’s views measure up to the scrutiny of God’s Word. Three critical areas of concern surface in the book, Lies We Believe About God.
A Flawed View of God
It is a great irony that a book which sets out to challenge the so-called “lies we believe about God,”does in fact, promote views of God that fail to match the biblical record. First, Young promotes a soft view of God. Specifically, he argues that God is not in control.
Instead of accepting God’s will of the decree which is settled in eternity past, the author questions God’s sovereign control: “Does God have a wonderful plan for our lives? Does God sit and draw up a perfect will for you and me on some cosmic drafting table, a perfect plan that requires a perfect response? If God then left to react to our stupidity or deafness or blindness or inability, as we constantly violate perfection through our own presumption?” John, one of the characters in Young’s novel, Eve concurs: “When it comes to plans and purposes, God is not a Draftsman but an Artist, and God will not be God apart from us.”
Instead of accepting a sovereign God who ordains everything that comes to pass, Young posits a God who reigns by love and relationship alone, “The sovereignty of God is not about deterministic control … Love and relationship trump control every time. Forced love is no love at all,” writes the author.
Scripture contradicts what Young would have us believe. The Bible presents a God who exercises control in creation, providence, and miracles. Proverbs 21:1 illustrates the control of God in vivid terms: “The king’s heart is a stream of water in the hand of the LORD; he turns it wherever he will.” In Ezra 6:22, the LORD “turned the heart of the king of Assyria.” In Ecclesiastes 7:13-14, God’s providential control over all things is clearly illustrated: “Consider the work of God: who can make straight what he has made crooked? In the day of prosperity be joyful, and in the day of adversity consider: God has made the one as well as the other, so that man may not find out anything that will be after him.” And Ephesians 1:11 shows us the overarching purposes of our God: “In him we have obtained an inheritance, having been predestined according to the purpose of him who works all things according to the counsel of his will.” Indeed, God exercises sovereign control over all things.
The Westminster Catechism argues, “The decrees of God are his eternal purpose, according to the counsel of his will, whereby for his own glory he hath foreordained whatsoever comes to pass.” That is, God is the sovereign king who does as he pleases (Ps. 115:3). God reigns (Ps. 99:1-5). His control knows no boundaries. God acts to advance his glory (Exod. 14:4). And we rest in the infinite wisdom of God’s plan, knowing that his purposes can never be thwarted (Isa. 46:9-10; Job 42:2).
Charles Hodge has a sharp disagreement with the soft view of God presented in Lies We Believe About God. Hodge argues:
“This is the end which our Lord proposed to himself. He did everything for the glory of God; and for this end, all his followers are required to live and act … If we make the good of the creature the ultimate object of all God’s works, then we subordinate God to the creature, and endless confusion and unavoidable error are the consequence. It is characteristic of the Bible that it places God first, and the good of the creation second.”
The errors which result from promoting a God who is not fully in control, as Hodge maintains, will have serious consequences and have tragic consequences on one’s perception of God.
Second, Young presents a God who submits to people. The notion that God submits to the creature emerges in The Shack as well. The Holy Spirit figure, Sarayu, tells Mack, “We have limited ourselves out of respect for you … Relationships are never about power, and one way to avoid the will to power is to choose to limit oneself.” And Papa sympathetically responds to Mack who is reluctant to demonstrate emotion: “That’s okay, we’ll do things on your terms and time.”
The Jesus of The Shack confesses to Mack, “Submission is not about authority and it is not obedience; it is all about relationships of love and respect. In fact, we are submitted to you in the same way.”
In Young’s novel, Eve, Adonai says to Adam, “Our Love will not withhold from you the consequences of your choices. We honor and respect you, so We consent and submit to you” (emphasis mine). Later in the story, Adonai makes a similar remark to Lily: “Look up and into My face. I am here and will never leave you. In any dance, you sometimes lead, but always both submit. So now, dear Lilly, you must choose, and I submit to you.”
In Lies We Believe About God, the author maintains that the word control is not a part of God’s vocabulary: “God submits,” writes Young “rather than controls and joins us in the resulting mess of relationship, to participate in co-creating the possibility of life, even in the face of death.”
We never find God submitting to the creature in Scripture. To the contrary, the creature submits to the Creator. Job learned a quick lesson when he tried to turn the tables on God. He learned the importance of submitting to God, not the other way around (Job 38-41).
John Frame helps us understand the importance of God’s authority and the proper response of the creature: “The first thing, and in one sense the only thing, we need to know about God is that he is Lord …This is a confession of lordship: that Yahweh, the Lord, is the one and only true God, and that therefore he deserves all of our love and allegiance.”
The soft view of God who submits to the creature must be rejected as it fails to stand the test of biblical faithfulness.
A Fallacious View of Humanity
Young rightly holds that humans are created by God in the imago Dei. Since humans are created in God’s image, they have inherent worth and significance. The author should be commended for highlighting this important aspect of anthropology, which admittedly, is neglected by some Christians.
Additionally, the author believes that humans are sinners. However, sin is redefined and fails to measure up to the biblical test. “Blind, not depraved, is our condition,” writes Young. He continues, “Sin, then, is anything that negates or diminishes or misrepresents the truth of who you are, no matter how pretty or ugly that is.” Such a view find no biblical support and is a foreign concept in Christian theology.
Young acknowledges that sin involves “missing the mark.” But he adds, “The mark is not perfect moral behavior. The ‘mark’ is the Truth of your being.” But Young goes one step further in his redefinition of sin: “And what does the truth of your being look like? God. You are made in the image of God, and the truth of your being looks like God.”
Now that Young his redefined, sin, he is in a position to pose an additional question, “Does sin separate us from God?” Young argues that the notion of sinners being separated from God is a lie: “A lot of ‘my people’ will believe that the following statement is in the Bible, but it isn’t: ’You have sinned, and you are separated from God.’” The biblical proof he offers is Romans 8:38-39, that is, “nothing can separate us from the love of God.” Such an explanation, however, fails to consider the context of Romans 8 which is a clear promise to the elect of God, not the entirety of the human race.
Two responses are in order. First, Young’s reformulation of sin is inadequate as the Bible clearly teaches that all people are sinners by nature and choice. John MacArthur sheds light on the real meaning of sin:
“Sin must be understood from a theocentric or God-centered standpoint. At its core, sin is a violation of the Creator-creature relationship. Man only exists because God made him, and man is in every sense obligated to serve his Creator. Sin causes man to assume the role of God and to assert autonomy for himself apart from the Creator. The most all-encompassing view of sin’s mainspring, therefore, is the demand for autonomy.”
When sin is redefined from a man-centered viewpoint, this only strengthens the resolve of his quest for autonomy. This is exactly what we find in Young’s version of sin – a Creator catering to the needs of the creature and satisfying his autonomous bent.
The Scriptures paint a portrait of sinful creatures which is undeniable and devastating: “The Lord saw that the wickedness of man was great in the earth and that every intention of the thoughts of his heart was only evil continually.” (Gen. 6:5, ESV) Indeed, “The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately sick; who can understand it?” (Jer. 17:9, ESV). Edwin Palmer writes, “Total depravity means that natural man is never able to do any good that is fundamentally pleasing to God, and, in fact, does evil all the time.” The biblical evidence for total depravity is overwhelming and conclusive (Ps. 51:5; Isa. 53:6; 64:6; Eph. 2:1-3; Rom. 3:23; 5:12).
Second, the Bible clearly teaches that sinners are separated from God. Apart from grace, sinners are without hope and are utterly cut off and separated from God. Isaiah 59:2 says, “But your iniquities have made a separation between you and your God, and your sins have hidden his face from you so that he does not hear.” In his letter to the Ephesians, Paul demonstrates that sinners are separated from Christ. He refers to them as “having no hope and without God in the world” (Eph. 2:12). Our only hope, then, is found in Christ alone who came to forgive us and reconcile us to a holy God (Eph. 2:13-22).
A Faulty View of Salvation
Two major problems can be summarized here. First, Young promotes universal reconciliation. In The Shack, Papa answers Mack’s questions concerning the efficacy of the cross. Papa says, “Honey, you asked me what Jesus accomplished on the cross; so now listen to me carefully: through his death and resurrection, I am now fully reconciled to the world.” Mack asks, “The whole world? You mean those who believe in you, right?” Papa answers with resolutely, “The whole world, Mack. All I am telling you is that reconciliation is a two-way street, and I have done my part, totally, completely, finally.”
In a stunning admission, Young says,
“The Good News is not that Jesus opened up the possibility of salvation and you have been invited to receive Jesus into your life. The Gospel is that Jesus has already included you into His life, into His relationship with God the Father, and into His anointing in the Holy Spirit … God has acted decisively and universally for all humankind.”
If there is any question about the universalism here, the author removes any cause for doubt: “Are you suggesting that everyone is saved? That you believe in universal salvation? That is exactly what I am saying?” He continues, “Here’s the truth: every person who has ever been conceived was included in the death, burial, and resurrection, and ascension of Jesus. When Jesus was lifted up, God ‘dragged’ all human beings to Himself.
The Bible paints a very different portrait. The Bible speaks of people apart from grace who are enemies of God (Col. 1:21; Rom. 5:10) and children of wrath (Eph. 2:1-3). Only the redeemed are reconciled to God.
Appealing to passages like John 12:32 is insufficient and fails to build the case for universal reconciliation. Jesus says, “And I, when I am lifted up from the earth, will draw all people to myself.” All people must either mean “all without exception” or “all without distinction.” As we compare Scripture with Scripture, clearly the latter is in view.
Jesus proclaims, “Enter by the narrow gate. For the gate is wide and the way is easy that leads to destruction, and those who enter it are many. For the gate is narrow and the way is hard that leads to life, and those who find it are few” (Matt. 7:13-14). ). Jesus speaks of two trees, the healthy and the diseased. Speaking of the diseased tree, Jesus says, “Every tree that does not bear good fruit is cut down and thrown into the fire” (Matt. 7:19). Moreover, Jesus teaches about two kinds of houses, the one that is built on the rock and one that is built on the sand. “And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them will be like a foolish man who built his house on the sand. And the rain fell, and the floods came, and the winds blew and beat against that house, and it tell, and great was the fall of it” (Matt. 7:26-27). Indeed, every person who refuses to build his “house” on the rock and build his or her life on the promises of God; every person who rejects the Son and his work on the cross will endure an eternity of wrath (John 3:36; Rom. 2:8; 2 Thes. 1:9). “At the end of the day, there are only two ways – the way of the kingdom or the way of death.” Scripture is clear: not everyone will pursue the way of the kingdom. Universal reconciliation is a lie.
Second, Young argues that the cross was not God’s idea. The author poses the question, “Who originated the Cross?” Young’s answer is disturbing, to say the least: “If God did, then we worship a cosmic abuser, who in Divine wisdom created a means to torture human beings in the most painful and abhorrent manner … Better no god at all, than this one.” In a few words, the author not only repudiates the reality of God’s involvement in the cross of Christ; he casts aside penal substitutionary atonement.
The apostle Paul speaks of the power of the cross (1 Cor. 1:17-18), “making peace by the blood of his cross (Col. 1:20) and even boasts in the cross (Gal. 6:14). However, Young says, “Nothing not even the salvation of the entire cosmos, could ever justify a horrific torture device called a cross.”
When we contrast the Bible with Young’s view, we find that the cross was God’s idea after all. Two passages in the book of Acts show the sovereignty of God in salvation and demonstrate God’s involvement in the cross from start to finish:
“this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men. God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it.” (Acts 2:23–24, ESV)
“for truly in this city there were gathered together against your holy servant Jesus, whom you anointed, both Herod and Pontius Pilate, along with the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, to do whatever your hand and your plan had predestined to take place.” (Acts 4:27–28, ESV)
The faulty view of salvation which is promoted in Lies We Believe About God is deeply troubling and must be rejected by discerning Christians.
Paul Young has shared openly and honestly about some of the hurts in his life. Pain and suffering, while inevitable in this life are regrettable realities. The dark night of the soul will likely affect most of us. And so we sympathize with Young and his Great Sadness and pray that God will minister in deep and abiding ways. But no amount of personal tragedy or loss can excuse the propagation of false views of God.
It is a great tragedy when an author writes a book that minimizes God or misrepresents God. A.W. Tozer helps us understand the importance of understanding God rightly: “Worship is pure or base as the worshipper entertains high or low thoughts of God.” How we think about God matters! For “there is nothing more important than knowing God.” Our view concerning his essence and attributes is not a mere academic debate among theologians. Our view of God affects how we approach him and how we worship him. Tozer continues, “For this reason the gravest question before the Church is always God himself, and the most portentous fact about any man is not what he at a given time may say or do, but what he in his deep heart conceives God to be like.”
“God does not lower his standards to accommodate us.” Therefore, our responsibility is to view God rightly, worship God rightly, and approach God rightly and reverently. Indeed, “What comes into our minds when we think about God is the most important thing about us.”
The chief problem in Lies We Believe About God is an undermining of biblical authority. It ultimately caters to the creature and encourages the autonomy that he craves. When the authority of the Bible is compromised the people of God pay the price. It’s not too let to get unshackled and submit to Scripture and worship God rightly.
Ibid, Loc. 329.
WM. Paul Young, Eve (New York: Howard Books, 2015), 181.
Ibid, Loc. 347.
Charles Hodge, Systematic Theology – Volume I (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans Publishing Company, reprint 1995), 536.
Young, The Shack, 106.
Ibid, 83.
Ibid, 145.
WM. Paul Young, Eve (New York: Howard Books, 2015), 239.
Ibid, 258.
Young, Lies We Believe About God, Loc. 355.
John Frame, The Doctrine of God (Phillipsburg: Presbyterian and Reformed, 2002), 21-22.
WM. Paul Young, Lies We Believe About God (New York: Atria Books, 2017), Loc. 296.
Ibid, Loc. 1645.
Ibid, Loc. 1643.
Ibid, Loc. 1645..
Ibid, Loc. 1663.
John MacArthur and Richard Mayhue, Biblical Doctrine: A Systematic Summary of Bible Truth (Wheaton: Crossway Books, 2017), 453.
Edwin H. Palmer, The Five Points of Calvinism (Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 1972), 13.
William P. Young, The Shack (Newbury Park: Windblown Media, 2007), 82.
Young, Lies We Believe About God, Loc. 889.
Ibid, Loc. 898.
Ibid, Loc. 1101.
Ibid, 329.
A.W. Tozer, The Knowledge of the Holy (San Francisco: HarperCollins Publishers, 1961), 1.
John Frame, The Doctrine of God (Phillipsburg: Presbyterian and Reformed, 2002), 1.
A.W. Tozer, The Knowledge of the Holy, 1.
R.C. Sproul, The Holiness of God (Wheaton: Tyndale House Publishers, 1995), 88.
Tozer, The Knowledge of the Holy, 1. | <urn:uuid:4a4af325-a37e-4cf7-8d7f-3a0c1fd76505> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://servantsofgrace.org/paul-young-lies-believe-god/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570692.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20220807181008-20220807211008-00670.warc.gz | en | 0.950298 | 4,939 | 1.695313 | 2 |
Imagine if it were possible to completely forget a bad memory. No longer would you be tormented by memories of a break-up, humiliating occurrences, or traumatic experiences. Think of what your brain would be free to do once it's no longer held down by bad memories of the past. Science may one day be able to make this a reality, based on the results from a recent study on memory suppression.
The study involved showing the participants two photographs and then asking them to purposely forget one. The researchers then used an MRI to see how participants suppressed the visual content of memories, and to see if suppressed content had unconscious influences. The findings of the report show that the participants had overwhelming success in purposely forgetting visual objects. It seemed that willfully trying to forget an object actually altered the way it was represented in the mind. According to Live Science, Michael Anderson, a researcher involved in the project, described forgetting an object as virtually shutting down the parts of the brain that would normally play a role in seeing that object. This is done in order to keep the memory from entering consciousness. “The side-effect of doing this is that whatever memory traces of the coffee cup were there, they are weakened, and later on, when you have to detect the cup … you find it just a bit harder,” Anderson explained.
The eventual goal of this project is to help people who have experienced trauma repress that memory. However, researchers argue that forgetting an emotionally strong memory may not be as easy as forgetting a visual image. “I certainly don’t think it’s something that you can do in one shot. I think you have to keep at it," Anderson said. Researchers are keen to understand how much of an effect time has on a person’s ability to suppress a memory. In the experiment, participants were questioned quite soon after they had seen the object. Scientists also want to explore how easily participants may be able to forget memories from their own personal experiences, which have spent a longer amount of time in their consciousness. In a future study, researchers plan to see if this has any effect on the experiments outcome.
Source: Gagnepain P, Henson RN, Anderson MC. Suppressing unwanted memories reduces their unconscious influence via targeted cortical inhibition. PNAS. 2014 | <urn:uuid:4a0bd790-dd66-405f-9f68-8c09accfda95> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.medicaldaily.com/erasing-memories-now-possible-active-memory-suppression-272072 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718423.28/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00272-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97216 | 466 | 3.546875 | 4 |
Daniel Agami was working as a disc jockey in South Florida when the attacks of Sept. 11, 2001 changed the trajectory of his life.
Suddenly it didn’t feel like performing at events and parties for well-known entertainers was all Agami, then 22, could be doing with his talents. For nearly a year, Agami wrestled with his emotions over the attacks, often talking to his parents and siblings about his anger.
After about a year he enlisted in the U.S. Army, knowing full well he’d be sent to Iraq. It would not be Agami’s first time in the Middle East: As the son of an Israeli army veteran and part of a strongly identified Jewish family, Agami grew up going to Israel every year. But this would be his first time putting on a uniform.
The fateful decision to enlist eventually would earn Agami a Purple Heart, a Bronze Star and an Army commendation medal. It also would also exact the ultimate price: On June 21, 2007, an improvised explosive device detonated near his vehicle in Baghdad, killing Agami and four other soldiers.
Service ran in Agami’s blood. His grandfather, Leonard Becker, had served in the Korean War. His father, Itzhak, had fought in the Israeli army. So when he told his family that he had signed up to serve, they weren’t surprised.
“I believe had a calling,” said his mother, Beth Agami.
Even as a teenager, Agami’s brother said, Daniel would sport dog tags and wear military-style gear.
“He chose to join the Army to become more accomplished,” Ilan Agami told JTA. “He wanted to prove himself.”
Agami wasn’t known for taking things lightly. Growing up in Broward County, Fla., Judaism played “an extreme role in Daniel’s life,” his mother said. Agami attended a Jewish day school, kept kosher and as an adult regularly went to Shabbat services with his family at the local Chabad.
After 9/11, Agami said the Army would give him a chance to do something good for his country, and he was excited about the challenges ahead, his family members said. It was all he would talk about in the months leading up to his deployment.
Agami’s first stop was Fort Benning, Ga., for basic training. Maintaining his religious identity in the Army wasn’t easy, particularly in boot camp. The meals were not kosher, and Agami was confronted once by his sergeant for not eating. When he explained his dietary restrictions, the commander went to prepare a plate of fruit and vegetables for him to eat, his mother recalled.
Agami encountered his first derogatory remark about Judaism in Schweinfurt, Germany, where he stopped en route to Iraq. Agami didn’t take it sitting down, in the process earning the respect of fellow soldiers, his mother said. They often came to him with questions about his kosher diet; for many, Agami was the only Jew they knew.
“Daniel stood up to people for our religion,” his brother told JTA.
In Iraq, Agami’s infantry unit saw frequent combat.
“I go on daily or nightly missions raiding Iraqi homes to find weapons and bombs,” Agami told a Newsweek interviewer in 2007. “I lost six of my closest friends.”
When an insurgent threatened to blow up his tank, Agami jumped off the turret, cornered the insurgent and, armed with just a pistol and wearing night vision goggles, killed him. The action would earn Agami a Bronze Star, the army’s fourth-highest combat award, given for bravery, acts of merit or meritorious service.
Some time after Agami was killed, his mother received a phone call from a non-Jewish chaplain who said that her son had expressed an interest in becoming a religious leader in the military. He had wanted to dedicate himself to America by combining his patriotism and faith, she said.
“This was something he would be amazing at had he had the opportunity,” Beth Agami said. “He re-enlisted for four more years and planned on making the military his career.” | <urn:uuid:9776327a-b271-49a6-8054-f92b0ab7e09c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.jewishjournal.com/nation/article/for_daniel_agami_9_11_attack_was_a_call_to_serviceand_to_tragic_destiny_201 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00521-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.991325 | 908 | 1.890625 | 2 |
The Obama administration’s decision to end the “wet foot, dry foot” policy in January 2017 created a migration and humanitarian crisis in Central and South America. Over 2,000 Cubans found themselves “in-transit” to the United States. They were left in a quagmire. The migrants had no resources to return to Cuba–they sold all of their belonging to set out on their trip to the United States. With the change in U.S. policy, these migrants had no clear way of legally entering the country.
Aid organizations across the region have been strained for resources to support these migrants, governments of these countries have limited resources to process thousands of the deportations, human rights and religious organizations are calling for a resolution to the crisis, and Cuban-Americans in Miami are pressuring U.S. government leaders to help these migrants.
14ymedio, Cuba’s first independent digital news outlet, the Miami Herald/el Nuevo Herald, Miami’s most recognized newspaper, and Radio Ambulante, a Spanish-language podcast that tells stories of Latin America and of Latino communities in the United States and is distributed on NPR, have teamed up to produce a multimedia series to highlight the effect of the new U.S. policy on Cuban migration into the United States.
The team reports on stories directly from Cuba, South and Central America, and the United States. Unlike other stories published about the Cuban migrants in Central America, this series introduces two important differences: first it explains the effect of the new U.S. policy on the lives of the migrants and second it showcases how the change in policy impacts not only the life of the migrants, but also the lives of their families on both side of the Florida Straits. | <urn:uuid:8ae83e5a-a6ba-4e97-a932-2baf23d8498c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://legacy.pulitzercenter.org/projects/new-era-cuban-migration | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.947032 | 364 | 2.734375 | 3 |
There is an interesting study in California that compares the intake of calories for schools which has banned soda water vending machines. It was found that on average that students consume 158 fewer calories daily. These studies are of course not conclusive but it is encouraging to see that reducing the amount of soda being consumed can help to cut down on the amount of sugar a child can take.
I personally wish that more such studies can be conducted to show folks that cutting down these sugary drinks can help to reduce the obese problem that is facing America right now. In my previous post on New York City banning soda water, I argued that this is the right policy decision although it is likely to face much resistance from the companies that manufacture of best soda maker.
This is where studies such as what I have highlighted comes into play because they provide strong support for governmental policies. With scientific proof, it is being much harder to gain support from the rest of the community.
That being said, I also foresee the cases where companies will undertake their own research and prove that drinking soda water has no correlation with obesity. This is the kind of games that the Tabaco companies have been playing and I see soda water manufacturers doing the same thing. In fact, I am not so sure that smoking and drinking excessive soda water should not be on the same level of concern in everyone’s mind.
Readers, if you see more such reports, please share them here so that collectively, we can know for sure what are the health benefits of drinking less soda water.
5 Reasons Why You Need a Carbonated Water Maker
The carbonated water machine is about the size of a coffee maker and uses no batteries or electricity. All the work is done by a CO2 canister placed in the back of the machine.
It only takes a few seconds to enjoy nearly unlimited amounts of sparkling water and soda. Here are 10 reasons why you need a carbonated water maker:
1. You Control the fizziness
For seltzer loves, one of the best parts of a carbonated water maker is that you get to control the fizziness of your drinks. Some people prefer a gentle fizz. Others like lots and lots of bubbles. Usually, it only takes 2-3 button presses to fully carbonate a liter of water. I always add an extra push of the button.
2. Drink Healthy
Not only do you control the fizziness, you also control all of the ingredients. This provides an excellent opportunity to teach your family about healthy alternatives to high-fructose corn syrup name brand sodas. Instead of sugary syrups, why not use a squeeze of lime juice or a splash of cranberry juice. You can also make your own flavors with ginger, tea bags, or anything else you find in your kitchen.
In addition to flavors, you also control the water source. You can use ordinary tap water, or you can use chilled water from a water filter.
3. It is good for the environment
Many people would argue that this is the most important benefit of owning a home carbonated water maker. Most of these machines include one or more reusable soda bottles that are good for three years or more. By reusing your bottles instead of throwing them away, you greatly reduce your plastic bottle waste. Reusing is even better than recycling.
Secondly, these machines help you reduce your carbon footprint. There is no point in paying for someone else to manufacture, fill up, and then truck plastic bottles around the country when you have all the materials at home.
4. Cut your grocery store bill
The CO2 canisters included with most carbonated water machines are good for about 60 liters of carbonated water. Large sizes are also available. Name brand sparkling water can cost several dollars per liter at the store. Home seltzer machines can make a liter of carbonated water for about 15-20 cents per liter.
5. Unlimited Carbonated Water, Seltzer Water, and Club Soda
Since you have all the materials at your fingertips, these machines can make virtually unlimited amounts of carbonated water on demand. If you run out of soda at a birthday party or club soda at a cocktail party, it only takes a few seconds to make more. You won’t have to run off to the store to buy more.
Read Also : | <urn:uuid:6155a302-2790-4166-9194-ef8a48aa4f80> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://contentrally.com/health-benefits-drinking-less-soda/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.948623 | 889 | 2.171875 | 2 |
If you have a lot of trees that need to be cleared for residential building, there are many steps before the building process can begin. This process has to be done carefully and correctly, so there are no problems during the construction phase.
The land needs to be cleared of rocks and trees, to be leveled, and to be compacted for the construction of the structure.
Lot Clearing Is Complex in Maryland
Once permitting is complete, an arborist should assess the lot and see what trees are of value. Some trees may be retained for valuable timber, while other less desirable trees will be chipped into mulch. Once those trees are marked, the tree clearing can begin. Typically, the trees are cut at the base and loaded into log trucks or chipped.
Then, stumps are dug out of the ground, in a step called “grubbing”. In some cases, where structural excavation will not occur, the root systems can be left in place and the stump ground down to grade. Once the ground has been disturbed often the ground is stabilized with seed and mulch until the next phase of construction occurs.
It is important to keep the lot clearing process in the proper order to prevent delays in the project or inefficiencies with the usage of equipment and labor.
Land Clearing Safety
Lot clearing is a dangerous task. Hiring an experienced tree service company to do the work for you is the safest way to prepare your land for construction, especially in Harford and Baltimore County, MD. Many smaller companies do not have the time or the training to clear trees and rocks efficiently and safely, which is the first step in preparing your lot for the construction of your house and if done incorrectly will result in problems later, or cause you to fall behind schedule.
Trees You Want to Keep While Lot Clearing
Having mature trees on your property is a luxury that many homeowners long for but have to wait many years. Before building, you should look over your property and see which trees you would like to keep on your property. It is important to inspect them before you start clearing the land to avoid the possibility of removing a valuable asset or keeping a tree that may be old or diseased that would only need to be removed later.
Trees can be damaged during construction. It is important to be sure they are a safe distance away from the building and will not interfere with the building process. Tree roots can damage walkways and roads but are not often the cause of damage to foundations but should be kept a safe distance to prevent damage to plumbing around the house.
Land Clearing Can Help Pull In Extra Cash
Depending on the type of trees on your lot, you may be able to sell them to a timber company for some extra cash. Be sure to talk to your tree service contractor about what you want to do with the lumber after it has been removed. Another option for the timber is to use it as firewood or use it to build something yourself.
Choosing a Tree Service Contractor In Maryland
Getting ready to build your home on a lot filled with trees is a long process, but it allows you to customize your property the exact way you want it. Only consider experienced, licensed contractors who have a great reputation in Maryland with plenty of projects to reference for work. Check reviews, get references and make sure you walk the lot with them to confirm they will communicate well and give you a reasonable price.
A good tree service company will want to ask a lot of questions to make sure they understand the goals of the project and the exact scope of work.
Avoid contractors who just want to get the lot cleared as quickly as possible and leave. If they didn’t do something right, you might not be able to track them down later.
Remember, the cheapest is definitely not always the best tree service company, especially when you’re expecting them to get the job done right the first time.
The process of building a new house is a long one, but it can be rewarding. Working with the right tree service company will help you get the job started on the right foot.
Interested in out lot clearing or land clearing services? Give us a call or fill out request form for a free tree assessment! | <urn:uuid:c8ca7f64-7cdf-4865-9d5d-06dc9dd7e119> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://manortreeservicellc.com/lot-clearing-land-clearing/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.958018 | 867 | 2.265625 | 2 |
Achieving the perfect smile for your photographs is not tough anymore. Try smiling with teeth slightly parted and a quick swipe of your tongue over your teeth just before the photograph is taken can help your teeth to twinkle, making your smile look even better, says an expert.
Ekta Chadha, an expert in cosmetic dentistry, has provided some useful tips for getting a perfect smile.
Slightly tilt: It is usually recommended to tilt your head slightly to the camera because most people have a-symmetrical faces. This also explains why one side of your face may photograph better than the other.
Check your teeth and gums: If your teeth have yellowed with age, try a whitening product or visit your dentist. Correcting cracked, broken, or missing teeth will likely mean some time with a dental professional. Don’t forget about taking care of your gums. Brush, floss, and wash with an antibacterial mouthwash consistently.
Moisten your teeth: Just before a photograph is clicked, a quick swipe of your tongue over your teeth can help them to twinkle and add brightness to the photograph.
Smile with your teeth slightly parted: When your teeth are slightly parted during your smile, a more natural smile is conveyed. A very rigid appearance comes across when your teeth are together.
Practice: Your perfect smile won’t occur overnight. Experiment with your smile before a mirror. Keep your shoulders down and strike a natural, un-forced smile. You can likewise play around with turning your head and discovering your best angle. | <urn:uuid:8544d7bf-0a2c-46ab-80e9-7dac19b189f5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://theglobalnews24.com/get-picture-perfect-smile-with-these-simple-tips/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280310.48/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00190-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.934833 | 323 | 1.773438 | 2 |
June Science & Film Goings On
Here is a selection for the month of June of creative takes on the world of science and film:
WORLD SCIENCE FESTIVAL
The World Science Festival is an annual showcase of science through public events around New York City, which this year includes two events specific to the Sloan Foundation’s Public Understanding Program. The Museum of the Moving Image and Science & Film are presenting a live program of the popular CUNY TV series SCIENCE GOES TO THE MOVIES on June 2 at 7:30pm. Neuroscientist Heather Berlin and journalist Faith Salie will discuss the morality of using semi-autonomous drones showing clips from films such as Gavin Hood’s EYE IN THE SKY and Andrew Niccol’s GOOD KILL. The other Sloan-supported event, “Science on Stage and Screen,” will include writers in a discussion about the dramatization of science.
BROOKLYN FILM FESTIVAL
The 19th Annual Brooklyn Film Festival features a number of scientifically themed films in its lineup; these include the world premiere of BAD VEGAN AND THE TELEPORTATION MACHINE by Anton Goenechea and the New York premiere of REMITTENCE by Patrick Daly and Joel Fendelman. A main character in BAD VEGAN is a physicist. REMITTENCE director Patrick Daly is an anthropologist and the film studies a Singaporean community in depth. The Festival runs June 3 to 12.
LA FILM FESTIVAL
The Sloan-supported feature film SENSITIVITY TRAINING, written, directed, and produced by Melissa Finell, makes its premiere at the LA Film Festival. The comedy is about microbiologist forced to go into sensitivity training with a social worker. The Festival runs June 1 to 9.
UNLOCKING THE CAGE
D.A. Pennebaker and Chris Hegedus’s new documentary UNLOCKING THE CAGE examines intelligence in animals such as apes, elephants, and dolphins, and questions whether they should be granted ‘personhood.’ The film premiered at New York’s Film Forum and will open at the Sloan-supported Coolidge Corner Theatre on June 24. Check back on Science & Film for a piece by animal behaviorist Jonathan Balcombe on the issue of ‘personhood’ as presented in the film.
MISSION TO MARS
Directed by Brian De Palma, MISSION TO MARS (2000) is a feature film which takes place in 2020 about an American astronaut in charge of a rescue mission. The film stars Tim Robbins. The Metrograph Theatre will screen the film on June 21 in 35mm as part of a series they are doing on De Palma.
SCIENCE GOES TO THE MOVIES
SCIENCE GOES TO THE MOVIES is monthly a Siskel & Ebert-style television show produced by CUNY TV and co-hosted by neuroscientist Heather Berlin and journalist Faith Salie. The series reviews current film and television with an emphasis on the science. The hosts often invite a scientific or technological expert to join them. A recent episode explored psychology in the animated film INSIDE OUT. The hosts of SCIENCE GOES TO THE MOVIES will be presenting a live event at the Museum of the Moving Image on June 2.
EXPLODE EVERY DAY AT MASS MoCA
“Explode Every Day: An Inquiry into the Phenomena of Wonder,” is the title of an exciting new group exhibition at MASS MoCA on view now. A number of the artists in the show have had residencies at the SETI Institute, which looks for extraterrestrial intelligence. Such film artists as Lucien Castaing-Taylor, Véréna Paravel, and Pierre Huygh have work on display. Clinical psychologist Kay Redfield Jamison and astronomer Jill Tarter have written for the catalogue. The exhibition is curated by Denise Markonish.
INCOGNITO at NEW YORK CITY CENTER
The American Premiere of Nick Payne’s new play, INCOGNITO, directed by Tony Award-winner Doug Hughes, stars Geneva Carr, Charlie Cox, Heather Lind, and Morgan Spector. Three stories are woven together—that of a pathologist, a neuropsychologist, and a seizure patient based off the famous amnesic H.M. Production support for the play at New York City Center Stage I is provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation in partnership with the Manhattan Theatre Club. The play runs until June 26.
Keep reading Science & Film for reviews and articles on most of these goings-on.
This is a monthly listing of science-themed cultural offerings about town. | <urn:uuid:f1bf89dd-55cb-4aa0-a5b3-5989eed0567f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.scienceandfilm.org/articles/2711/june-science-film-goings-on | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571909.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813051311-20220813081311-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.926125 | 983 | 2.015625 | 2 |
Most tinnitus is subjective, meaning that only you can hear the noise. But sometimes it's objective, meaning that someone else can hear it, too. For example, if you have a heart murmur, you may hear a whooshing sound with every heartbeat; your clinician can also hear that sound through a stethoscope. Some people hear their heartbeat inside the ear — a phenomenon called pulsatile tinnitus. It's more likely to happen in older people, because blood flow tends to be more turbulent in arteries whose walls have stiffened with age. Pulsatile tinnitus may be more noticeable at night, when you're lying in bed and there are fewer external sounds to mask the tinnitus. If you notice any new pulsatile tinnitus, you should consult a clinician, because in rare cases it is a sign of a tumor or blood vessel damage.
FACT: Some companies will try to point you to a miraculous tinnitus cure where a few pills will stop all signs of tinnitus. While much research has been done around the effects of medication and vitamin supplements on tinnitus, there is currently no proven tinnitus cure. Only tinnitus management devices and sound therapy have been proven to decrease the effects of tinnitus.
Since most persons with tinnitus also have hearing loss, a pure tone hearing test resulting in an audiogram may help diagnose a cause, though some persons with tinnitus do not have hearing loss. An audiogram may also facilitate fitting of a hearing aid in those cases where hearing loss is significant. The pitch of tinnitus is often in the range of the hearing loss.
Most people who seek medical help for tinnitus experience it as subjective, constant sound like constant ringing in the ears or a buzzing sound in the ear, and most have some degree of hearing loss. Things that cause hearing loss (and tinnitus) include loud noise, medications that damage the nerves in the ear (ototoxic drugs), impacted earwax, middle ear problems (such as infections and vascular tumors), and aging. Tinnitus can also be a symptom of Meniere's disease, a disorder of the balance mechanism in the inner ear.
While there are many different FDA-approved treatments for tinnitus available, the most important component is finding the right partner (i.e. a Doctor of Audiology), who will work closely with you to help explain your tinnitus and treatment progress over time. In order for the options below to be as successful as possible, the proper support and guidance from an experienced tinnitus specialist is mandatory.
MRI (or magnetic resonance imaging) scan is a radiology technique which uses magnetism, radio waves, and a computer to produce images of body structures. MRI scanning is painless and does not involve X-ray radiation. Patients with heart pacemakers, metal implants, or metal chips or clips in or around the eyes cannot be scanned with MRI because of the effect of the magnet.
Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Data sources include IBM Watson Micromedex (updated 9 Jan 2019), Cerner Multum™ (updated 14 Jan 2019), Wolters Kluwer™ (updated 7 Jan 2019) and others. Refer to our editorial policy for content sources and attributions.
It’s been found that exposure to very loud noises can contribute to early hearing loss and ear problems. Loud sounds can include those from heavy machinery or construction equipment (such as sledge hammers, chain saws and firearms). Even gun shots, car accidents, or very loud concerts and events can trigger acute tinnitus, although this should go away within a couple days in some cases. (5)
Think about your breathing. Notice that it has a natural rhythm. Try to breathe in a steady, even rhythm. It helps to breathe in through your nose, hold your breath for a moment and then breathe out through your mouth. Wait a moment before breathing in again. Every time you breathe out, try to release a little bit of your tension. Do this for a few minutes, until you feel ready to move on to the next step.
Everything you need to know about acoustic neuroma Acoustic neuroma is a benign tumor affecting nerves between the inner ear and the brain. It can lead to hearing loss, tinnitus, and loss of balance. This MNT Knowledge Center article explores the treatments, symptoms, and causes of acoustic neuroma, as well as how the condition may become more severe and complicate. Read now
It is also very common for jaw opening to change the loudness or frequency of tinnitus. This is likely a variant of somatic modulation of tinnitus (see above). The sensory input from the jaw evidently interacts with hearing pathways. The muscles that open the jaw are innervated by the same nerve, the motor branch of 5, that controls the tensor tympani in the ear. In other words, changing tension in the jaw may also change muscle tension in the ear.
Ringing-in-the-ears or a fullness-of-the-head sensation are the most common symptoms of tinnitus. While ringing is the most common experience, the noise can also sound like a buzzing, hissing or whizzing sound. It can range from a low pitch to a high pitch and may be soft or loud at times. For some, tinnitus seems to get louder at night, just before sleep when no other sounds are competing with it. Tinnitus can remain constant or come and go intermittently. In severe cases, the ringing in the ears is loud enough to interfere with work or daily activity, whereas those with mild tinnitus can experience soft ringing that is no more than a minor annoyance. | <urn:uuid:2e13c026-66d5-4482-ab5a-e5bf5b90acc3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://banishtinnitus.net/b12-tinnitus-cure-anxiety-tinnitus-cure.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.940502 | 1,223 | 2.78125 | 3 |
N.S.A. Collecting Millions of Faces from Web Images
WHISTLEBLOWING - SURVEILLANCE, 9 Jun 2014
31 May 2014 – The National Security Agency is harvesting huge numbers of images of people from communications that it intercepts through its global surveillance operations for use in sophisticated facial recognition programs, according to top-secret documents.
The spy agency’s reliance on facial recognition technology has grown significantly over the last four years as the agency has turned to new software to exploit the flood of images included in emails, text messages, social media, videoconferences and other communications, the N.S.A. documents reveal. Agency officials believe that technological advances could revolutionize the way that the N.S.A. finds intelligence targets around the world, the documents show. The agency’s ambitions for this highly sensitive ability and the scale of its effort have not previously been disclosed.
The agency intercepts “millions of images per day” — including about 55,000 “facial recognition quality images” — which translate into “tremendous untapped potential,” according to 2011 documents obtained from the former agency contractor Edward J. Snowden. While once focused on written and oral communications, the N.S.A. now considers facial images, fingerprints and other identifiers just as important to its mission of tracking suspected terrorists and other intelligence targets, the documents show.
“It’s not just the traditional communications we’re after: It’s taking a full-arsenal approach that digitally exploits the clues a target leaves behind in their regular activities on the net to compile biographic and biometric information” that can help “implement precision targeting,” noted a 2010 document.
One N.S.A. PowerPoint presentation from 2011, for example, displays several photographs of an unidentified man — sometimes bearded, other times clean-shaven — in different settings, along with more than two dozen data points about him. These include whether he was on the Transportation Security Administration no-fly list, his passport and visa status, known associates or suspected terrorist ties, and comments made about him by informants to American intelligence agencies.
It is not clear how many people around the world, and how many Americans, might have been caught up in the effort. Neither federal privacy laws nor the nation’s surveillance laws provide specific protections for facial images. Given the N.S.A.’s foreign intelligence mission, much of the imagery would involve people overseas whose data was scooped up through cable taps, Internet hubs and satellite transmissions.
Because the agency considers images a form of communications content, the N.S.A. would be required to get court approval for imagery of Americans collected through its surveillance programs, just as it must to read their emails or eavesdrop on their phone conversations, according to an N.S.A. spokeswoman. Cross-border communications in which an American might be emailing or texting an image to someone targeted by the agency overseas could be excepted.
Civil-liberties advocates and other critics are concerned that the power of the improving technology, used by government and industry, could erode privacy. “Facial recognition can be very invasive,” said Alessandro Acquisti, a researcher on facial recognition technology at Carnegie Mellon University. “There are still technical limitations on it, but the computational power keeps growing, and the databases keep growing, and the algorithms keep improving.”
State and local law enforcement agencies are relying on a wide range of databases of facial imagery, including driver’s licenses and Facebook, to identify suspects. The F.B.I. is developing what it calls its “next generation identification” project to combine its automated fingerprint identification system with facial imagery and other biometric data.
The State Department has what several outside experts say could be the largest facial imagery database in the federal government, storing hundreds of millions of photographs of American passport holders and foreign visa applicants. And the Department of Homeland Security is funding pilot projects at police departments around the country to match suspects against faces in a crowd.
The N.S.A., though, is unique in its ability to match images with huge troves of private communications.
“We would not be doing our job if we didn’t seek ways to continuously improve the precision of signals intelligence activities — aiming to counteract the efforts of valid foreign intelligence targets to disguise themselves or conceal plans to harm the United States and its allies,” said Vanee M. Vines, the agency spokeswoman.
She added that the N.S.A. did not have access to photographs in state databases of driver’s licenses or to passport photos of Americans, while declining to say whether the agency had access to the State Department database of photos of foreign visa applicants. She also declined to say whether the N.S.A. collected facial imagery of Americans from Facebook and other social media through means other than communications intercepts.
“The government and the private sector are both investing billions of dollars into face recognition” research and development, said Jennifer Lynch, a lawyer and expert on facial recognition and privacy at the Electronic Frontier Foundation in San Francisco. “The government leads the way in developing huge face recognition databases, while the private sector leads in accurately identifying people under challenging conditions.”
Ms. Lynch said a handful of recent court decisions could lead to new constitutional protections for the privacy of sensitive face recognition data. But she added that the law was still unclear and that Washington was operating largely in a legal vacuum.
Laura Donohue, the director of the Center on National Security and the Law at Georgetown Law School, agreed. “There are very few limits on this,”
An excerpt of a document obtained by Edward J. Snowden, a former contractor with the National Security Agency, referring to the agency’s use of images in intelligence gathering.
Congress has largely ignored the issue. “Unfortunately, our privacy laws provide no express protections for facial recognition data,” said Senator Al Franken, Democrat of Minnesota, in a letter in December to the head of the National Telecommunications and Information Administration, which is now studying possible standards for commercial, but not governmental, use.
Facial recognition technology can still be a clumsy tool. It has difficulty matching low-resolution images, and photographs of people’s faces taken from the side or angles can be impossible to match against mug shots or other head-on photographs.
Dalila B. Megherbi, an expert on facial recognition technology at the University of Massachusetts at Lowell, explained that “when pictures come in different angles, different resolutions, that all affects the facial recognition algorithms in the software.”
That can lead to errors, the documents show. A 2011 PowerPoint showed one example when Tundra Freeze, the N.S.A.’s main in-house facial recognition program, was asked to identify photos matching the image of a bearded young man with dark hair. The document says the program returned 42 results, and displays several that were obviously false hits, including one of a middle-age man.
Similarly, another 2011 N.S.A. document reported that a facial recognition system was queried with a photograph of Osama bin Laden. Among the search results were photos of four other bearded men with only slight resemblances to Bin Laden.
But the technology is powerful. One 2011 PowerPoint showed how the software matched a bald young man, shown posing with another man in front of a water park, with another photo where he has a full head of hair, wears different clothes and is at a different location.
It is not clear how many images the agency has acquired. The N.S.A. does not collect facial imagery through its bulk metadata collection programs, including that involving Americans’ domestic phone records, authorized under Section 215 of the Patriot Act, according to Ms. Vines.
The N.S.A. has accelerated its use of facial recognition technology under the Obama administration, the documents show, intensifying its efforts after two intended attacks on Americans that jarred the White House. The first was the case of the so-called underwear bomber, in which Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab, a Nigerian, tried to trigger a bomb hidden in his underwear while flying to Detroit on Christmas in 2009. Just a few months later, in May 2010, Faisal Shahzad, a Pakistani-American, attempted a car bombing in Times Square.
The agency’s use of facial recognition technology goes far beyond one program previously reported by The Guardian, which disclosed that the N.S.A. and its British counterpart, General Communications Headquarters, have jointly intercepted webcam images, including sexually explicit material, from Yahoo users.
The N.S.A. achieved a technical breakthrough in 2010 when analysts first matched images collected separately in two databases — one in a huge N.S.A. database code-named Pinwale, and another in the government’s main terrorist watch list database, known as Tide — according to N.S.A. documents. That ability to cross-reference images has led to an explosion of analytical uses inside the agency. The agency has created teams of “identity intelligence” analysts who work to combine the facial images with other records about individuals to develop comprehensive portraits of intelligence targets.
The agency has developed sophisticated ways to integrate facial recognition programs with a wide range of other databases. It intercepts video teleconferences to obtain facial imagery, gathers airline passenger data and collects photographs from national identity card databases created by foreign countries, the documents show. They also note that the N.S.A. was attempting to gain access to such databases in Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Iran.
The documents suggest that the agency has considered getting access to iris scans through its phone and email surveillance programs. But asked whether the agency is now doing so, officials declined to comment.The documents also indicate that the N.S.A. collects iris scans of foreigners through other means.
In addition, the agency was working with the C.I.A. and the State Department on a program called Pisces, collecting biometric data on border crossings from a wide range of countries.
One of the N.S.A.’s broadest efforts to obtain facial images is a program called Wellspring, which strips out images from emails and other communications, and displays those that might contain passport images. In addition to in-house programs, the N.S.A. relies in part on commercially available facial recognition technology, including from PittPatt, a small company owned by Google, the documents show.
The N.S.A. can now compare spy satellite photographs with intercepted personal photographs taken outdoors to determine the location. One document shows what appear to be vacation photographs of several men standing near a small waterfront dock in 2011. It matches their surroundings to a spy satellite image of the same dock taken about the same time, located at what the document describes as a militant training facility in Pakistan.
James Risen is an author, reporter and investigative journalist who has exposed various illegal activities by the US government and who is facing imprisonment for refusing to reveal the identity of one of his sources. In his book, State of War: The Secret History of the CIA and the Bush Administration, Risen cites information from an unnamed intelligence agent about a CIA operation, Operation Merlin, which sought to disrupt Iran’s nuclear program. On 2 June, 2014 he US Supreme Court decided not to intervene. Risen has categorically insisted that he will accept imprisonment before violating the confidentiality of his source.
A version of this article appears in print on June 1, 2014, on page A1 of the New York edition with the headline: N.S.A. Collecting Millions of Faces From Web Images.
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Many preparations of carbon nanotubes have been developed in the last decade, such as arc discharge, plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition, simple thermal chemical vapor deposition by pyrolysis of ethyl alcohol, etc. Here we present a simple growth technique of carbon nanotubes by combustion of ethyl alcohol. Pt filament can be employed as substrate, ethyl alcohol as carbon source, and iron nitrate as catalyst precursor. We have characterized the morphology of carbon nanotubes at the different synthesis conditions by both SEM and TEM. In our experiment, we also use other metal as substrate, such as Cu, top of pin, and other catalyst precursor of different concentration, such as nickel nitrate. This technique has some advantages, such as low cost, large production, and flexible reaction conditions, etc. We can use this technique to synthesize carbon nanotubes on metal substrate directly. So this technique has protential applications for fabricating nano-electrical devices. | <urn:uuid:f2609dad-c204-4da3-bc41-59b8e754ab5b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.scientific.net/SSP.121-123.145 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560284405.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095124-00032-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.931969 | 197 | 3.015625 | 3 |
“Three Billy Goats Gruff” is a traditional Norwegian fairy tale, but for me it’s one of those troll stories I loved when I was a kid. A couple of months ago, the Fairy Tale Friday focus was a childhood favorite and I talked about “The Stone Cheese” from Favorite Tales of Monsters and Trolls retold by George Jonsen, illustrated by John O’Brien. The spectacular illustrations on this post are from that book. One of the other stories it features is “The Three Billy Goats Gruff.”
The story, as first recorded by Peter Christen Asbjornsen and Jorgen Moe is simple. Three goats want to go across a bridge to a hillside where there’s a field of sweet grass. The problem is that under the bridge is a troll “with eyes as big as saucers, and a nose as long as a poker.” The smallest goat goes across first and when threatened by the troll tells the troll to wait, his larger brother is coming across soon and will make a much better meal. The middle goat does the same. When the third and largest goat comes across, the troll states he is going to eat the goat. The third billy goat Gruff is not frightened and warns the goat that he has weapons of this own.
And then he flew at the troll, and poked his eyes out with his horns, and crushed him to bits, body and bones and tossed him out into the cascade, and after that he went up to the hillside. There the billy goats got so fat they were scarcely able to walk home again.
Once again, the troll is not real bright. While in a way, the two smaller, younger goats outwit the troll, who in his greediness for the large meal they promise let them go, in the end it is pure strength and size that win. The troll is simply no match for the largest of the billy goats Gruff. The biggest and strongest are not usually the winners in fairy tales. Often, it’s the youngest, smartest or kindest that comes out the hero, or heroine as the case may be.
Tif, from Tif Talks Books, is the hostess of this great feature, Fairy Tale Fridays. Head over there to see what she has to say today and to share your own thoughts. Next week, we’ll be looking at “The Philosopher’s Stone” by Hans Christian Andersen. | <urn:uuid:395079ec-596b-4f2d-abd3-d8ea060207c1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://carolsnotebook.com/2010/05/14/three-billy-goats-gruff/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.976239 | 519 | 2.484375 | 2 |
The Australian government was working yesterday to secure the release of three anti-whaling activists held on board a Japanese ship, but said they could face charges in Tokyo.
The men from the Forest Rescue Australia environmental group boarded the Shonan Maru No. 2 about 26km off Australia’s west coast on Saturday night.
Forest Rescue said it wanted to prevent the Shonan Maru from tailing the Steve Irwin, a ship from anti-whaling group Sea Shepherd, back to the Southern Ocean, where Japan annually hunts for whales.
The group is demanding the activists be returned to Australia, but Australian Attorney General Nicola Roxon said they may instead face Japanese law.
“We hope that it won’t come to that, but you do have to look at the past to know that it is likely these three Australians may be taken back to Japan,” she told reporters.
It is not the first time an activist has boarded the Shonan Maru No. 2 — New Zealander Pete Bethune was arrested and taken back to Japan to be tried after sneaking onto the ship during the heated 2009-2010 anti-whaling campaign.
He was handed a two-year suspended sentence and spent five months in prison.
Roxon said the government had asked, through diplomatic channels, to speak directly to the three men, but “that hasn’t yet happened.”
“We are in diplomatic discussions, we hope there will be an opportunity to ensure their safety and wellbeing soon,” Roxon said, but warned that it was tricky because the incident did not happen in Australia’s territorial waters.
“Because it was only in our exclusive economic zone, that doesn’t give us automatic rights to assert Australian law,” she said. “In fact, the clearest advice that we have is that Japanese law would be likely to apply.”
International law expert Donald Rothwell agreed this was the most likely outcome.
“Unauthorized boarding of a Japanese vessel is an act of trespass wherever that act may have taken place at sea,” said Rothwell, a professor at the Australian National University’s College of Law. “If the Japanese authorities decide to investigate and bring charges on these grounds, the Australians will find themselves being sent to Japan to face court.”
Sea Shepherd claims the men are “being held as prisoners” on board the Shonan Maru, which has been tracking the Steve Irwin.
The Steve Irwin returned to Australia last week because another Sea Shepherd ship, the Brigitte Bardot, was damaged in high seas and needed escorting home, setting back the group’s annual harassment of the whalers.
Japanese whaling spokesman Glen Inwood, from the Institute of Cetacean Research, said the men were being treated well, but warned they could be on the ship for months, with the whale hunt only just beginning.
“Not only are they facing that, but they risk being taken to Japan to be tried for trespassing, or for other charges,” he told ABC radio.
“The Australians are being very compliant. They haven’t offered any resistance,” he added.
Three whaling ships, led by the 720 tonne Yushin Maru, left the Japanese port of Shimonoseki on Dec. 6 for the annual hunt, with security measures beefed up amid simmering international protests.
In previous years, a mother ship has joined them later.
Commercial whaling is banned under an international treaty, but Japan has since 1987 used a loophole to carry out “lethal research.” | <urn:uuid:13556c78-fe5d-468b-bc8b-5f694f6ec219> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/world/print/2012/01/10/2003522898 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281419.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00484-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.97272 | 765 | 2.234375 | 2 |
The market for Wi-Fi may be on the verge of truly astounding growth - as in, the billions of radios required for the Internet of Things (IoT). Think Wi-Fi is just for client access and the occasional point-to-point or point-to-multipoint link? Think again.
I've asked this question before: what's the minimum number of radios that we really need? This was in the context of a handset - clearly, we need LTE and Wi-Fi; they're the essentials. Bluetooth for connecting to headsets and cars - OK, I still don't think people should talk on the phone while driving, but BT will be around for a long time serving these applications. It's not clear if Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) will be a factor in handsets, but I'm a big fan of this technology for monitoring, sensors, and control/telemetry applications - as in, IoT. NFC seems like a long-term win for credit authorization and perhaps security applications as well; the limited range here is a key selling point, but uptake has been slow. And there are other possibilities - especially the remote-control technologies, like Z-Wave and Insteon, but let's just leave it as the above for now - things are already getting pretty complex.
All of these have been mentioned in the context of IoT. But I've long speculated that Wi-Fi, perhaps with a different "quick-connect" MAC, could fill a big role in machine-to-machine (M2M) applications, including (active, of course) RFID. As for IoT, the market expansion for Wi-Fi may now be happening. I recently spoke with a senior executive at Ayla Networks, a company that is building a novel cloud-based solution for M2M applications. Ayla has realized the real key to success in IoT: understanding the meaning and value of the data obtained during operations. I've been calling this element the Googleization of Everything (GoE) - Google's real business is gathering, analyzing, applying (for advertising purposes), and reselling data that accrues to them via the use of their many products, services, and systems. They provide services of great value, usually at low to no cost, thereby turning users into products - exactly the same model as broadcast television. So what Google does isn't that hard in concept and it's clearly manageable, given sufficient financial resources, of course, even at scale. So expanding this concept to IoT makes a lot of sense - Ayla's on the right track here.
But returning to the point I really want to make, what caught my eye here wasn't this element of the firm's operations, but rather an announcement that industrial radio leader muRata is using Ayla's platform with Wi-Fi-based IoT solutions, integrating Ayla's client Embedded Agent software into their Wi-Fi modules. This isn't an out-of-the-box, ready-to-go solution for any particular IoT opportunity, but it gets customers a lot closer to that solution than they otherwise would be. An remember, we're talking Wi-Fi.
I expect this won't be the last announcement connecting Wi-Fi and IoT - IoT is hot and getting hotter, and it looks like Wi-Fi may indeed play a major role here. | <urn:uuid:6477331b-e065-4fa6-9a7c-350f2361a07e> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.networkworld.com/article/2225964/wi-fi/what-is-wi-fi-s-role-in-the-internet-of-things-.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280587.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00564-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965619 | 689 | 2.0625 | 2 |
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Mead can be produced in many different ways, in fact the Wikipedia page on mead lists a whole bunch Click here for Wiki/Mead. Prairie Bee Meadery produces our mead in a wine style with fruit. This is called a melomel (this could be latin* and translates to English as “Super awesome alcohol beverage that you will love and buy frequently from Prairie Bee Meadery”). Our product is light and smooth. We also make it in a variety of finishes – dry, off dry and sweet. With 12 different flavours and our product now selling in over 75 retail locations in the province we feel that this drink is accessible to all regardless of particular taste preference. Get a taste or find out Where To Buy
No, it depends on the product. We cater to all tastes from sweet to dry and that is how we finish the wine. During the mead making process the sugar in the honey is fermented and turned into alcohol, leaving very little sugar behind. We control the fermentation process and measure the sugars to end up with a product people like to drink. For some meads we add more honey and for others we don’t, thus our Rhubarb Rose has about 1.4g/l of residual sugar (dry) and our Strawberry Splash has 41g/l (sweet)
This is a tricky one! First, let’s get it out of the way that mead is not a pretentious beverage. If you want to pour your Fruit Fusion over a pile of ice cubes to enjoy on a hot summer day, no one will judge you. Generally, we advise drinking them chilled. However, some of our wines, particularly the drier, fruity ones like Cherry Charm, Blueberry Bliss and Haskap Haven, are just as nice at cellar temp (about 15 degrees C) or room temp – in fact, letting them warm can enhance some of the deeper notes in the wine. If it’s your first bottle, try drinking your first glass chilled from the fridge while you let the bottle warm, and have your second glass at room temp. YOU decide how YOU like it best. The point is to enjoy the experience!
OK. We don’t want you to be disappointed with your mead so the first question we ask is “What kind of wines do you generally like to drink?”
Try our Traditional Bee. A light, crisp white that goes with, in my opinion, everything.
If you like your whites on the dry side, you have to have our Rhubarb Rose. The zest from the rhubarb gives it just the bite you’re looking for.
Blueberry Bliss is the one you want. Our go-to dry table wine, it’s great served with red meat or tomato sauce.
Another marvelous table wine is our Cherry Charm. The savoury flavours from your favourite dinner bring out the light spicy notes in the cherry.
We make a fortified mead! Our limited edition Chocolate Strawberry mead is going to please your palate. The full body you love with rich honey sweetness and a delicate chocolate finish. Dessert in a glass. Or to be really decadent, try it with cheesecake or your favourite cream-filled pastry.
And I won’t forget to mention:
- Haskap Haven – What’s a haskap berry? You’ll find out below. For now, just know that they’re fabulous in mead! Serving up a filet mignon or chateau briand for that special occasion? Open our haskap. Glorious fruit notes layered over hints of honey and a little toasty caramel from the oaking, with an off-dry finish. This is a wine that never disappoints.
- Cranberry Cheer – This mead has been expressly finished to pair with sweet meats like turkey or pork. So for your family get togethers, whether you’re serving poultry or ham, this is a must for your table. Tart cranberries with a touch of honey – we’ve put the cocktail in the cranberry.
- Raspberry Rapture and Saskap Sensation (returning to stock Summer 2022) – Two stand-out meads with no comparison in the grape world. Beautifully balanced with intense fruit flavours. The finish is off-dry, so try them with fish or salad, or just drink chilled on their own.
Astringency from tannins is what gives grape wine the dry, puckery feeling in your mouth. You get the same mouth feeling from consuming unripened fruit or tea. People often associate this mouth feeling with a dry wine. In fact the dryness of the wine (level of residual sugar) is not related to the tannins in the wine. Since Prairie Bee Meadery doesn’t work with grapes our mead is smoother and has less mouth astringency. At first taste people often think some of our the mead is sweeter because they expect the astringency. By the second sip people are talking about the smoothness and excited by how good it tastes.
Yes we use Sulphites in our wine. Sulphites are a preservative that we use to ensure our mead does not continue to ferment in the bottle. Without sulphites we run a risk that when you open our mead it will have gone bad. About 1% of population has some kind of sulphite sensitivity, but contrary to popular belief the levels in wine are very low. Sulphites are one of the first things that evaporate once the wine is opened, so letting your wine breathe or using an aerator can ensure you get less in your glass. For some additional information from TheKitchn.com about how the level of sulphites in wine is often less than dried fruit and other tantalizing facts click here.
Yes, our product is gluten free. All of it. We recently discovered that even though our port contains grain alcohol it is also considered to be sans gluten. Click here to see what Gluten Dude has to say
No, all of our product is shell fish free. Half of our wine makers don’t even like shell fish – yuck! The other half think shell fish are great but not in the mead thank you!
With our back ground as a U-Pick and being part of the farm community we have a huge amount of interest in getting the right kind of quality honey into our mead. On our farm we have about 40 hives. Our local apiarists (bee people, but not literally people made out of bees) has another 150 hives around Caron and Mortlach. Our bees do their pollenating in Alfalfa, Clover and Wild Flowers. It makes a difference in the honey flavour and the wine.
We started as a U-Pick so we grow our own raspberries, melons, sour cherries, haskap, strawberries and rhubarb. Depending on growing conditions and our production plans this is usually not enough by itself so we also buy in fruit from local Saskatchewan producers and occasionally from BC.
*Might not be latin – we did not check (impressed that you read this far though! Good Job! Makes it all feel worth it) | <urn:uuid:aad57ddd-fc72-4fe7-a985-9ed09471091f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://prairiebeemeadery.ca/faqs/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572198.93/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815175725-20220815205725-00268.warc.gz | en | 0.945147 | 1,519 | 1.59375 | 2 |
In a previous entry, I looked at the lore surrounding the nature spirit, Sasabonsam, who lives in deep in the forests of West Africa. Sasabonsam has a wife, Shamantin who is the subject of this month’s post. Unlike her husband, Shamantin doesn’t kill those who travel through the forest. Instead, she uses her long legs to catch people who wander beneath her cotton tree abode. She teaches the captured travellers forest lore: where the water sources are, which herbs are edible, which have medicinal properties (Bane, p. 301; Kingsley, p. 512).
In appearance Shamantin differs very much from Sasabonsam. Whereas he is described as a large, humanoid creature covered in hair, with bloodshot eyes, long legs and feet which point both ways, descriptions of Shamantin say little beyond that she is being extremely tall and completely white (Williams, (1934), p. 61), (Rattray in Williams, (1932), p. 130; (Bane, p. 301).
The idea that Shamantin, a benevolent spirit, is white, corresponds with the association in parts of Africa of the colour with peace, purity, good luck and the spirit world. For example, the Yoruba pantheon contains over fifty white divinities. Obatala, one of the principal gods is depicted as white; his names include “King of the white cloth” (Booth, p. 163). White has another connection to the African spirit world as in some cultures, for example in Kongolese cosmology, it is associated with the underworld (Kaufmann, p. 172).
A pale skin tone also appears in some traditional African art and rites of passage rituals involving women. For instance, as Jill Salmons has pointed out, some Nigerian carvings of women or female spirit beings are painted in “very pale colors” and light pigments are applied to the skin of female initiates in a number of cults (Salmons, p. 14).
Next time… it’s back to the animal kingdom when I look at the role cats played in Jamaican Obeah practice.
Teresa Bane, Encyclopaedia of Fairies in World Folklore and Mythology (North Carolina and London: McFarland & Company, Inc., Publishers, 2013).
Newell S. Booth, Jr, “God and the Gods in West Africa”, in Newell S. Booth, Jr, (ed.), African Religions (New York, London, Lagos: NOK Publishers International, 1977), pp. 159-182.
Miranda Kaufmann, Black Tudors: The Untold Story (reprint, One World Publications, 2019, of orig. edn, One World Publications, 2017).
Mary Kingsley, Travels in West Africa (reprint, New York: Dover Publications, 2003, of orig. edn, London & New York: Macmillan, 1897).
Jill Salmons, “Mammy Wata”, African Arts, Vol. 10, No. 3 (Apr., 1977), pp. 8-15+87.
Joseph John Williams, Voodoos and Obeahs: Phases of West Indian Witchcraft (reprint, Whitefish: Kessinger Publishing, date unknown, of orig. edn, New York: L. MacVeagh, Dial Press, inc., 1932).
Joseph John Williams, Psychic Phenomena of Jamaica (reprint, Whitefish: Kessinger Publishing, date unknown, of orig. edn, New York: Dial Press, 1934).
Image credits: Shamantin by H.R. Sparkes | <urn:uuid:bd19aab9-b96f-4361-9cc7-b0453ee9a10d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://natureandsupernaturalnature.wordpress.com/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573118.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817213446-20220818003446-00668.warc.gz | en | 0.877424 | 781 | 2.484375 | 2 |
In this segment we’ll define Lean and try to clear up some common misconceptions that surround it.
Lean is a proven set of principles and methods to reduce waste and defects … within systems and processes … by framing all activities in relation to the value they provide to our customers … and engaging those closest to the work to improve productivity, quality and service.
Whether you’re at the grocery or the gym, when you think of lean, you think less fat. The concept is basically the same with Lean management. Our goal is to reduce waste and eliminate distractions and frustrations that slow down our mission-related, value-added work.
Lean is not a new concept; its principles of continuous improvement have been around for more than a century, primarily in manufacturing. But over the past 10 or 20 years, the Lean management philosophy has definitely caught on in service sectors, including at all levels of government. While Lean isn’t new, it does seem to be shrouded in misconception. Let’s clear some of this up.
First, Lean is not about reducing headcount. In fact, Lean doesn’t focus on the people who do the work but the slow, wasteful and frustrating processes employees use. Lean recognizes that agencies’ vital missions are ever-increasing, and often there aren’t enough employees available to do all the work that needs to be done. Lean is about expanding employees’ capacity to fulfill their vital mission work. As employees improve work processes, they find ways to improve quality and provide more and better customer results. The upshot of Lean is having engaged employees doing more value-added mission work.
Lean is not a silver bullet. It isn’t a cure-all, and it’s not about completing one-off projects here and there using Lean tools. Lean helps to build a culture of problem solving and continuous improvement within organizations in a systematic way, so that everybody, every day, everywhere reflects on how they did yesterday, where the waste occurred, and how they can do better today.
You also don’t need to have a PhD in Lean in order to use it. Its principles and tools are intentionally simple, and in fact, Lean really only works if everybody in the organization engages in it.
Lean refers to leaning waste out of processes so they are streamlined to include only value-added steps.
The goal of Lean is to eliminate wasted steps and wasted time from important processes so that employees focus on what matters most. In turn, this allows customers to experience value without unnecessary steps. | <urn:uuid:159f6e6f-d767-44ff-928d-3994b33e1e05> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://ams.az.gov/what-lean-and-not | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572408.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816151008-20220816181008-00672.warc.gz | en | 0.961843 | 523 | 2.65625 | 3 |
The internet doesn’t make us more creative, I don’t think. But it does enable what we create to be seen, heard, and used. It enables every creator to find a public, the public he or she merits. And that takes creation out of the proprietary hands of the supposed creative class.
Pretty to think so. This is internet ideology at its most inspirational: the Web allows us to be individuals rather than part of a mass addressed by media monoliths, and it allows meritocracy to at last become a reality, and no one will be any more famous than he or she deserves.
The playing field is flat and to stand out one must now do so on merit - as defined by the public rather than the priests - which will be rewarded with links and attention. This is our link economy, our culture of links. It is a meritocracy, only now there are many definitions of merit and each must be earned.
A look back at the history of internet fads makes one skeptical though. And it seems that the power networks of the offline media replicate themselves online—the commercial media has a more vested interest in drumming up traffic and integrating content production with advertising support, so they invest money and effort accordingly, with the effect of reproducing the offline mode of production online. Independent bloggers are adopted by national publications, and their content is branded by the big media companies, and the power of branding to confer authority begins to exert itself over the once-wide-open sphere of communication. It becomes harder to be some random person with a blogger account and still get discovered and linked to—it can happen, but then so could my letter to the editor be published as a column on the NYT opinion page. It’s just not very likely.
As Jarvis would have it, Web space has replaced the hip urban centers celebrated by Richard Florida as the site where inspired minds congregate to inspire one another.
This link ecology does potentially change the nature of creativity. It makes it more collaborative, not just in the act but in the inspiration. Coelho’s Witch of Portobello is the spark that leads to a movie made by its readers. Same with Stern, LonelyGirl, Colbert. Perhaps the role of the creative class is not so much to make finished products but to inspire more to be made. It is the flint of creativity. It’s the internet - Google, Flickr, YouTube, and old, mass media as their accessories - that bring flint and spark together.
This sort of thing plays out as the much heralded “remix culture”—consumers become producers by using digital cultural products as a language for their own creative expressions. This undermines the old allegiances that paved the way for subcultures anchored in various nexuses of music and fashion and zines and so on, and introduces a more motley pastiche form of culture that is at the same time more homogeneous than ever. The internet—the link economy, the amateur parodies and homages of culture industry product, etc.—becomes a hegemonic form for cultural expression even as it become more heterogeneous in its composite parts. You might make a steampunk rap video with snippets of sitcoms mixed in, but it will still be posted on YouTube in the end. It has become so much easier to publish samizdat that samizdat now no longer has any meaning as a form.
I’m not sure this more democratic access to the means of distribution ultimately frees up an abundance of heretofore suppressed talent or shifts anything away from the established creative class—the anointed ones who shape the culture that consumers remix. Yes, the internet provides uncolonized space for cultural activity, a space that is ever expanding. You never reach the Western shore. There is always more room for “creative” pioneers to stake claims. But the majority of cultural consumers aren’t interested in lighting out for the territories, and the creative class continues to run what is recognized socially as the civilized portion of that vast online space, and it is slowly expanding its control assimilating the more promising outliers. This seems no different from how things have always worked in the culture industries; if anything the dependence on the law-giving creative class strengthens with so much chaos lurking at the fringes.
// Sound Affects
"Sharon Jones and Woodie Guthrie knew: great songs belong to everybody.READ the article | <urn:uuid:c8f3ed13-398d-47a5-9460-623fbf4b3270> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.popmatters.com/post/forging-the-creative-class/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280891.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00154-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951153 | 916 | 2.109375 | 2 |
The phrase “older and wiser” can be defined as learning from previous attempts and doing things more better and more effectively the next time. This article will educate you on how you can become older and wiser when it comes to your health.
During my time in the fitness industry I have visited many different gyms. Some have been leisure centres, private health clubs, boutique state of the art gyms, apartment compounds and even home gyms. I have seen many people, sometimes the same people, exercising at the same time when I have been training my clients. These people are committed and are working towards becoming better, whether that be a weight loss goal, strength building goal etc which is great. But, they will often follow the same routine by completing the exercises they know, in the same order week after week without changing the sets, reps or weight. This is good for maintenance but not good for progress.
Every year there are fitness conventions and exhibitions across the globe, where companies attend to showcase their latest products or reveal a new piece of equipment. The health and fitness industry, is constantly changing and developing by using more technology to advance performance as there are new trends created. Some people will be willing to try these new trends, whilst others will stick to what they know. This can be good for maintenance but not for progress.
Next time you go to the gym, calculate the average age of the people using the treadmill. Then look at the resistance area and calculate the average age of the people lifting weights. I can tell you now, that people in their 40s to 60s will be doing cardio and people in their 20s to 30s will be lifting weights. So why when we reach a certain age, do we stop strength training?
As we get older, we might lose flexibility, range of movement around our joints, we might lose muscle mass and gain body fat, but if you can stay active, continue to do resistance training along with come cardio exercises, you will be in better shape.
To me that is the definition of becoming older and wiser.
- Being open minded to try new exercises, new training programmes and different gym routines.
- Wanting to progress and improve health and fitness and not fall into the “I’m getting old so I can’t” trap.
- Doing a variety of different strength methods which will keep your muscles, bones and joints strong.
You don’t need to be looking to lift super heavy or compete in the Olympics, but you can still challenge your body to do more. Remember, age is just a number. With obesity on the rise globally due to the lack of exercise and poor nutrition, it’s really important that you become older and wiser, by focussing on your health and doing all you can to be active and mobile. If you are not seeing a change, then you need to stop doing the same things. Instead, try something new, change the exercises you do, change the order of the machines you use, ask a Personal Trainer or fitness professional for guidance or advice, don’t keep making the same mistakes…be older and wiser.
For more fitness tips and related content, check out my Instagram page @nicky__fitness and my website www.nicky-fitness.com
Best wishes, Nicky Fitness | <urn:uuid:1b5cb0bb-24a0-4343-91f8-c1d6ced0c91a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.theswanseabay.co.uk/2022/06/29/older-and-wiser/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00673.warc.gz | en | 0.961319 | 684 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Give new life to your leftovers.
An estimated 70 billion pounds of food are wasted in the United States every year. This means, out of all the food grown and transported in the United States, at least 25 percent of it ends up in the garbage. All that uneaten food is a huge waste of resources. Think of every dollar or hour of labor needed to plant, water, grow, harvest, transport, and sell each product at the grocery store! That amounts to a lot of wasted fuel, water, and money.
One major change each of us can make to reduce food waste is by actually using our leftovers. We get it: You get tired of eating the same dish two or three days in a row, foods somehow seem to hide in the back of the fridge or bottom of drawers, or sometimes you just can’t think of a way to reuse leftovers with the other ingredients you have on hand. Thankfully, this can be remedied with equal doses of creativity and determination.
Here are some ideas for leftovers that can help you reduce food waste:
You can easily turn leftover meat into sandwiches, wraps, and crepes. Think of the classic Thanksgiving leftover sandwich, with sliced turkey, a layer of mashed sweet potato, and a smear of cranberry sauce. Here are more tips for assembling healthy sandwiches.
Meat and roasted veggies work great in salads, either on greens or in a quinoa bowl.
Egg dishes like omelets, quiche, tarts, and frittatas make a great base for meats, veggies, and herbs. For a low-cholesterol alternative, try a tofu scramble, which has a similar texture to scrambled eggs and is the perfect vehicle for just about any leftover.
If possible, reuse your leftovers by tossing them in the freezer. Some dishes freeze really well, which will take some of the pressure off to finish all those leftovers before it’s too late. A month from now, you’ll be glad to have that dish on a night you have zero energy to cook from scratch.
With these tips, you can reuse leftovers and reduce food waste while nourishing yourself with exciting, fun dishes. Who would have thought that environmentalism could taste so good?
Jason Fullilove is the executive chef/owner of Barbara Jean in Los Angeles, a modern take on globally inspired soul food with a focus on nutrition.
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:08,218
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So guys when you have leftover food in
your kitchen, if you cooked a big meal for
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a bunch of people and
there's a bunch of stuff leftover,
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try to eat your way through them.
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Try to be creative with your leftovers,
make different salads, different braizes,
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00:00:19,822 --> 00:00:22,466
00:00:22,466 --> 00:00:25,976
A few ways to repurpose leftovers,
you can always make sandwiches if you have
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leftover meats or fish,
which is always really nice,
00:00:28,460 --> 00:00:31,340
roast vegetables goes
really well in cold salads.
00:00:31,340 --> 00:00:33,010
Get creative, have fun with leftovers.
00:00:33,010 --> 00:00:33,627
What can go wrong?
00:00:33,627 --> 00:00:35,539 | <urn:uuid:e6f4c21f-9a75-4f3b-a1d7-0788ea668f8f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.healthination.com/food/ideas-for-leftovers/?pl=chef-tips | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571198.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810161541-20220810191541-00271.warc.gz | en | 0.931127 | 895 | 2.703125 | 3 |
The topics for the Spring 2011 semester are:
- Using TeLLS Data to Address the Achievement Gaps (School & District Teams Only)
- Strategies for Instructing English Language Learners
- Differentiating Instructional Practices
- Developing a Standards-based Unit of Instruction
- Creating Performance Asessment Tasks
The fee for each course is $495.
More Information, Syllabi and Online Registration
Online courses cover the same topics and require the same performance tasks as face-to-face courses. A three credit course has 12 sessions, a two credit course has eight sessions, and a one credit course has four sessions.
Because of the nature of online learning, the methodology and specific content is not the same. Online learning requires at least as much time as a face-to-face course.
- These are completely online courses; there are no face-to-face meetings.
- Participants must have an Internet connection and be able to use Microsoft Word in order to take these courses. There are no other technical requirements.
- Course sessions begin on a Tuesday and end on a Monday. Sessions over holiday and vacation periods are two or three weeks in length; all others are one week.
- Course participants are expected to log on at least three times per week to download assignments and readings, participate in discussion board forums, and upload completed performance tasks.
- Districts wishing to offer an online course to a group of teachers should contact Beverly Eisenman, 1-800-392-6175, ext. 8362 or email@example.com. | <urn:uuid:d94ecdae-dc73-4c35-b8d4-389d9cecb895> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://massteacher.org/News/archive/2011/01-28.aspx | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00502-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.903454 | 326 | 2.125 | 2 |
The government will unveil the country's biggest deficit since World War II when it hands down an economic statement on Thursday, but will not lay out the budget numbers beyond the current financial year.
Economists are preparing for the possibility that Treasurer Josh Frydenberg will bring forward tax cuts.
If he brings forward the stage 2 tax cuts, which were not scheduled for another two years, that would see anyone earning up to $120,000 paying no more than 32.5 cents in the dollar in tax, instead of the 37 cents paid over $90,000 at the moment.
At the bottom end of the earning scale, the stage 2 tax cuts would put an extra $1100 in the pockets of people earning $45,000.
The possibility that tax cuts will be brought forward remains speculation, unconfirmed by the government. But Mr Frydenberg foreshadowed two weeks ago that it was a possibility.
He referred then not only to the second tranche but to the third tranche of tax cuts, not due until 2024. They would, in Mr Frydenberg's words, create "one big tax bracket" for incomes between $45,000 and $200,000 with a top tax bracket of 30 cents.
"We are looking at that issue and the timing of those tax cuts because we do want to boost aggregate demand, boost consumption, put more money in people's pockets and that is one way to do it," he said on July 8.
Thursday's economic statement will reveal the scale of government debt and the deficit for the 2019-20 year and the current financial year, 2020-21. It will include all of the measures announced since the mid-year update in December, when the government was still predicting a $5 billion surplus. The deficit is now predicted to be in the order of $200 billion.
Citing significant uncertainty, given the coronavirus resurgence, the government has delayed budget forecasts beyond the current financial year until its October 6 budget.
The government says the integrity of the budget has been maintained with virtually all of the stimulus contained to the 2019-20 and 2020-21 financial years - $164 billion in direct spending and $125 billion in "balance sheet support" such as loan guarantees.
This week, the government announced the phasing out of JobKeeper, with about 2.1 million of the 3.5 million workers receiving the subsidy expected to lose it from October, and a lower rate paid to those who remain. The JobSeeker unemployment benefit will also be reduced, but continue at a higher rate than the old unemployment benefit for the moment. The two measures will cost the budget at least $17 billion in 2020-21, but economists are calling for a much bigger spend.
Grattan Institute chief executive Danielle Wood said $70 billion to $90 billion was needed over two years to bring unemployment back to pre-coronavirus levels by the end of next year.
"The bottom line is the only way we're going to emerge from this with a strong economy and more jobs is if the government invests in the economy over the next year and two years," she said.
A poll of 50 top economists this week showed an overwhelming proportion - all but three - want the government to continue spending even if it means a big increase in government debt.
"It's about what you're willing to do," Ms Wood said. "The government can create the jobs. It's whether you're prepared to pay the price for that. We think it's a price worth paying."
The Victorian lockdown will wipe $3.3 billion from the economy in the September quarter, the government says. Company taxes are expected to fall more than $12 billion a year (about 13 per cent). And business investment will be down 12 per cent this year - although mining investment will be positive for the first time in seven years, expected to grow a strong 9.5 per cent in 2020-21.
Mr Frydenberg said the pandemic was a once-in-a-century shock that is placing immense pressure on health systems and economies, but Australia had outperformed nearly every other country on both fronts
Sign up for our newsletter to stay up to date. | <urn:uuid:8bc7ac41-c7cf-4ee9-8eef-b89204b1001a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mailtimes.com.au/story/6845606/anticipation-tax-cuts-will-be-brought-forward-in-economic-update/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573104.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817183340-20220817213340-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.962667 | 876 | 1.9375 | 2 |
You are here:
Our pioneering Law Program offers an innovative interdisciplinary approach to the study of law, as well as a number of exciting opportunities for engaging legal questions outside the classroom.
Hampshire's Law Program is not a pre-law program in the traditional sense of one that specifically prepares students for the study of law as a profession. Rather, it is an interdisciplinary one, deeply committed to the principles of liberal education and founded on the premise that an understanding of law as a social force ubiquitous at practically all levels—local, regional, national, and international—is basic to the exercise of the rights, privileges, and duties of today's citizens.
Some students choose to focus primarily on law, while others include legal perspectives as a secondary focus. Advanced students create concentrations in which law interacts with their interests in philosophy, international relations, environmental studies, or community organizing.
Though many of our students do ultimately choose to go on to a professional legal education at some at the nation's most highly regarded law schools, others simply incorporate an engagement with the study of law as part of their Division II concentration or Division III advanced research project.
At the program's center are courses on subjects such as philosophy of law; crime and punishment; political justice; civil rights; freedom of expression; law and racial conflict; legal regulation of sexuality; reproductive rights; human rights and humanitarian law; immigration and refugee issues; anthropology of law; law in literature; and others in a wide range of areas of student interest.
Many first encounter legal studies through courses designed to present legal methods and reasoning to first-year students, such as Political Justice, The U.S. Supreme Court, and Affirmative Action. Others come to courses such as Feminist Legal Theory or International Human Rights as more advanced students interested in philosophy, sociology, psychology or international relations.
Established in honor of founding faculty member Lester Mazor, this endowment supports programming for the interdisciplinary study of law, culture, politics, and social science, and the use of this knowledge to promote cross-cultural understanding and a more just society for all people.
Courses »How to participate »Mazor Endowment summer Internships »Thinking about law school? | <urn:uuid:6bc1d28b-6f59-4f26-9da0-fcf4bb7a69d5> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.hampshire.edu/law-program/law-program | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281424.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00332-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.941845 | 450 | 2.234375 | 2 |
Pets need plenty of water to drink any time of year, but more so when the weather gets hot.
Without adequate hydration, a number of health conditions can arise and cause serious harm. This is why the team at Long Animal Hospital and Emergency Center wants to stress the necessity of keeping your pet hydrated by offering some suggestions in getting your pet to drink more water. Read on to learn more!
How Much Water Does My Pet Need?
Unlike us, pets don’t acquire as much moisture from their diets as we do, especially if they are only given dry kibble. This is why they need a constant source of clean drinking water they can access throughout the day. In terms of how much is enough, usually your pet will decide the right amount that quenches their thirst to stay hydrated, but some pets don’t consume enough, which is why there are tricks to encouraging better hydration.
The more active your pet is, the more they need. Likewise, if they are outside or exercising, their thirst will naturally increase. Pets who have to take medication or are health compromised often require more water too.
So, how do you help your pet drink more water? Here are some tips!
Keep Your Pet Hydrated with These Tips
Some pets don’t drink enough water, while others, like cats, are finicky about their water source. In order to keep your pet’s organs in good working order, though, requires adequate hydration. Here are a few simple tips to keep your pet cool and get enough moisture.
- Offer them ice cubes. Fill the water bowl with water and ice cubes. Dogs love to lick on and chew the ice cubes, which in turns, gives them more water.
- Make popsicles or frozen snacks. You can choose from a variety of fruit-based waters by crushing some fruit, like strawberries and pineapple, in water and freezing them into a frozen treat. There are several recipes for tasty frozen snacks for your pet, too, on popular sites like Pinterest.
- Get a pet drinking fountain. Most pets would rather drink from running water sources than not. It’s in their instinct to avoid stagnant water unless necessary to avoid bacteria, so why not rely on their instinct and offer a cool fountain. Cats especially love these!
- Add water to their food. To add more moisture to your pet’s regular meal, add some water, or switch to a wet variety if your pet is okay with it. Just be sure to make the change gradually, so as not to cause digestive upset.
- Add some tuna water to the bowl. If your pet is of the feline persuasion, entice them to drink more by giving them some tuna water in the bowl or poured over their kibble.
- Load up on bowls. Instead of just a single bowl for your furry one, place several clean water bowls around the house and some outside, so your pet can access them any time they are thirsty.
One of the key issues among our cats and dogs in warm weather is dehydration. Encourage your pet to drink as much water as they need by putting these tips to the test. We’re sure your pet will approve!
For more information on keeping your pet hydrated, or to schedule an appointment, please call us. | <urn:uuid:43208ca1-a146-4e92-9743-07bf49ad9ac9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.longanimal.com/blog/the-importance-of-keeping-your-pet-hydrated/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570741.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808001418-20220808031418-00079.warc.gz | en | 0.959519 | 688 | 2.671875 | 3 |
- Introduction and classification
Measuring instruments are those which are used for measuring the electrical measurements. These include: ammeters, voltmeters, energy meters, wattmeter and many more.
The electrical instruments are broadly classified as:
Absolute instruments: in these instruments which indicate quantity which you want to measure when one quantity is constant. The deflections are needed to be multiplied with the instruments constants. There is need of the previous comparisons. The most popular example of this type of instrument is tangent galvanometer.
Secondary instruments: in this type of instruments, the value of the quantity which is needed to be measured is measured from the deflections seen on the instrument on making variations. The quantity which is needed to be measured is obtained directly.
The secondary instruments are further divided into the following categories:
- Indicating instruments: These instruments indicate the values of the quantities being measured at a time. Pointers are used to give the indications.
- Integrating instruments: These types of instrument the total quantity after integration in a particular time period.
- Recording instruments: These instruments record the variations of an electrical quantity which is being measured over a particular time period.
Some of the instruments include:
- Ammeter: for measuring current
- Voltmeter: for measuring voltage
- Wattmeter: for measuring power
- Ohmmeter: for measuring resistance
- Power factor meter: for measuring power factor
- Frequency meter: for measuring frequency
Instruments are classified as AC, DC and AC/DC on the basis of kind of current. And, on the basis of kind of indication they are classified as indicating type and recording type. According to the application, instruments are either switch board based or portable. There are many more types of classification within these broad categories.
- Electrical principles of operation
There are so many physical effects of the electric current or potential thus all the electrical instruments depend n these effects for their actions.
The common effects which are used in the manufacturing include:
- Magnetic effect
- Chemical effect
- Thermal effect
- Electrostatic effect
- Electromagnetic induction effect
- Electrical Indicating Instruments
The indicating instruments have the pointer that indicates the value of the quantity which is being measured on the scale. Spindle of hardened steel is carried by the moving system is of the instrument. It has its tapered ends with highly polished to form the pivots. These pivots rest in hollow ground bearing that are set in steel screws. The moving system is attached to the thin ribbons in the spring which is held by the tension springs mounted on the movement frame. The arrangement eliminates friction of the pivots and there is a less chance of damage due to the shock or vibration.
3.1 Essential features
The indicating instruments have three important features:
- Deflecting devices: There are the devices in which the electric current, voltage or power are responsible for producing mechanical force.
- Controlling devices: In these devices the value of deflection is highly depended on the magnitude of the quantity which is being measured
- Damping devices:These are the devices which are responsible for preventing the oscillations and help the pointer to reach final position
3.2 Deflecting devices:
It produces a deflecting torque which is produced due to the effects like thermal effects, electrostatic effects or chemical effects. This deflecting torque moves the position of the pointer from zero to the final position.
3.3 Controlling devices
There are two types of controlling devices spring contact and gravity control.
In spring control device, there are two spiral hair springs, the inner ends which are attached to the spindle. The outer spring end is fixed and is attached to the lever which gives zero on adjustment. Two springs which are wounded in the opposite direction gets deflected when one spring windsup while another spring unwinds up. The controlling torque is also due to the combined torsion by the spring.
The torsion toque is in proportion with the angle of twist thus the controlling torque is directly proportion to the angular defection caused by the pointer.
The spring used should be non magnetic, should not get fatigued and have low temperature co-efficient and specific resistance.
In this method, the weights are directly attached to the spindles. The function of one weight is being balanced with the weight of the pointer of the controlling device. The second weight offers the controlling torque and the pointer is at zero when this weight hangs vertically downwards. The controlling torque is equal to the weight of the second load and distance d, when pointer‘s deflection is θ.
Tcα sin θ
Benefits of gravity control method
This method s inexpensive than the spring control instrument and is not affected by temperature or gets fatigue.
Disadvantages of gravity control method
It gives the cramped scale and the instrument is needed to be leveled before usage.
3.4 Damping devices
Due to the inertia of the moving system, the controlling devices are subjected to the deflection and restoration of the torque and several vibrations will occur before resting at a place. A damping torque is used to avoid this type of vibrations because it opposes the motion and stops when the pointer comes to rest. Instrument is called as the deadbeat when the pointer rises quickly but does not overshoots.
There are three types of damping:
- Air damping
- Eddy current damping
- Fluid Friction damping
In the air damping, a thin metallic vane is attached to the spindle. This vane moves while forming the sector. The oscillation of the moving system damps with the due to action of air on vane.
In eddy current damping, when the conducting non magnetic material is kept in the magnetic field, and ane.m.f is induced which gives rise to current. A force arises between the nonmagnetic material and the field. This type of damping is based on the Lenz’s Law according to which this type of force is always in opposition to the force which causes rotation hence it gives the necessary damping.
In the Fluid Friction damping, the light vanes are attached to the Spindle of the moving system and these are dipped in pot which contains the damping oil. The vanes are completely submerged into the damping oil and this oil on the vanes r assist in creating friction which opposes the motion. When the vanes are stationary no damping occurs.
The damping oil should be a good insulator and non-evaporating. It should also be non corrosive and resistant to change in temperature.
Links of Previous Main Topic:-
- Current Electricity Basic Concepts
- Introduction to Alternating Current
- Introduction Three Phase A C Circuits
- Magnetic Field
- General Aspects
- Elementary Theory of Ideal Transformer
- General Aspects Polyphase Induction Motors
- Single Phase Motors
- Characteristics of D C Generators
Links of Next Electrical Engineering Topics:- | <urn:uuid:13e409d3-9534-4970-842d-d69e0859e0c2> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://myhomeworkhelp.com/measuring-instruments-1-3/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571911.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20220813081639-20220813111639-00474.warc.gz | en | 0.92569 | 1,458 | 3.703125 | 4 |
Re: Root is God? (was: Mutt & tmp files)
On Fri, 16 Nov 2001, Mathias Gygax wrote:
> > well, i thought this is the definition of root.
> no. with LIDS you can protect files and syscalls even from root. in my
> setup, root cannot even write to his own home directory.
No, you can't. No matter how you cut it, root can install a new
kernel, sans LIDS and write to his/her home dir.
> my root user can't write to /usr/*, doesn't have any special syscall
> access to change network and firewall settings, can't SETUID/SETGID and
> is really locked like a normal user etc. but... root in this setup is
> useless. you can't do anything that looks like administration. you can
> run the daemons that need root access, but they're limited and can't do
> the full root stuff root usually does.
> LIDS basically does protect the kernel from root.
Nothing can protect the kernel from root if root can replace the
kernel. Sure you may have /boot mounted read-only, but that is a
simple remount, or boot into single user mode, or put the kernel
somewhere else, or physically put in a different harddrive. There is
no way, nor any reason why, to setup a system in such a way that the
maintainer of the system cannot maintain it. You cannot completely
lock out root, for if you do, it is no longer root.
Can root physically access the machine? If not, then there is someone
else who would be root.
Thats like saying root doesn't have the root password. It doesn't
matter, root can change the root password. | <urn:uuid:6241d727-f95a-48f0-b474-cfd6b769922f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://lists.debian.org/debian-security/2001/11/msg00228.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281574.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00021-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.9498 | 390 | 1.59375 | 2 |
Deep transitions futures
Tremendous levels of investment will be needed to transform the current systems that our societies are built upon to become sustainable.
Both the public and private financial sectors have a critical role to play in transforming our systems of provision in a way that contributes to the fundamental changes needed to fight climate change, species depletion, unsustainable waste production, and rising inequalities.
The Deep Transition Futures Research Project is premised on the assumption that we live at a watershed moment in history: either prolong and extend the current trajectory, or start to invest collectively into ‘transforming our world’ – the strapline of the United Nations Agenda 2030 and the 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
Present sustainable investment approaches, such as impact investment, aim to meet these challenges by seeking to add social and environmental impacts as success factors to growth-based financial and economic models. However, investments focused on transformation are needed to enable a Second Deep Transition: a fundamental re-ordering of society as a response to the problems created by modernisation.
Deep Transitions Futures uses the findings of the Deep Transitions History project to explore a set of future scenarios that illustrate the tranformations needed to combat the great challenges of our time.
These scenarios are created and debated by the Deep Transitions Futures Project Team, made up of members of the sustainability transitions research community, and a Global Investors Panel, made up of thought-leaders from the private and public investment sector. Together, they strive to develop a new signature investment strategy for transformation, termed ‘Transformative Investment’, which places sustainability and socio-technical system change at its core.
Over the last three years, Deep Transitions History has explored the mechanisms that have brought about the First Deep Transition – the transition that led to industrial modernity and which informs all of today’s socio-techno systems (i.e. transport, energy, food). These results are now being used to explore a set of radical future scenarios or alternative worlds that emphasise the transformations needed to address global crises. These alternative worlds derive from a new type of scenario building methodology developed by the Deep Transitions Futures Project Team.
The global launch for the initiative took place on Wednesday 15 September. A wide range of participants joined the funder, founder and panel involved in the project to hear about the ambitions and plans for the new transformative investment philosophy to set the world to green recovery and growth.
In close collaboration with the Global Investors Panel, the Project Team tests and evaluates the different scenarios to validate their eligibility in representing our changing world. The most transformative, yet still robust scenario will then serve as a blueprint for developing a philosophy for ‘Transformative Investment’ that addresses the transformations needed to stir society towards such an alternative world.
Deep Transitions Futures adheres to the principle that there are key actions and leverage points for generating impact. The new investment philosophy seeks to contribute to:
- Changes in beliefs, norms, expectations and routines to create new ones that are orientated towards sustainable development.
- Levering change through collective, interdisciplinary action that are directed towards identified desirable sustainable future scenarios.
Deep Transitions Futures is a collaboration between the Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU) at the University of Sussex Business School in the UK, and the Utrecht University Centre for Global Challenges (UGlobe) in the Netherlands. It is supported by James Anderson and Baillie Gifford & Co. | <urn:uuid:b11be948-e807-4e28-b8f7-57bb5e4e449a> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.sussex.ac.uk/business-school/research/centres-projects/deep-transitions-futures | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571056.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809155137-20220809185137-00665.warc.gz | en | 0.906525 | 717 | 2.125 | 2 |
Wednesday, November 16, 2011
Geocaching Event Breakdown: Which One Will YOU Hold Next?
What is a Geocaching event?
In the Geocaching World, a geocaching event is an opportunity to gather fellow geocachers together to share experiences, food, more geocaching and some common theme to bring everybody together in one place.
Why have a Geocaching event?
Geocaching is an incredibly social network of people. Geocachers all around the world have a common bond through geocaching which is universal. Cachers from other states and countries can feel immediately welcome at a geocaching event. It doesn't matter if you have ten finds, or ten thousand finds. Everybody has something to talk about when it comes to this amazing activity.
Are there different types of Geocaching events?
General Event Types
- Meet and Greet Geocaching Event - usually very informal and at a local watering hole. Meet and Greet events are meant to get a bunch of geocachers together for the first time to meet up and get to know each other. Many future geocaching activities are planned at these.
- Flash Mob Events - 15 minute limit and has a theme. Flash mobs are very creative and can sometimes get down right goofy. Imagine a spot in a public area where people are just wondering around minding their own business. Suddenly a whistle is blown and 50 geocachers don masks and hats, form a group photo, blow kazoos, everyone signs a log and within 15 minutes disperse as if nothing ever happened. That is one of a zillion examples of a Flash Mob Event.
- CITO - Cache In Trash Out - The world is our game-board and we like to keep it clean. There can be a handful to hundreds at a CITO geocaching event. The idea is simple. Geocacher care about the environment. That is why you see a lot of us picking up trash while we geocache. The CITO event pops it up a knotch and gets geocachers together a single place and cleans up an entire area. Places like parks, forests, urban areas, parking lots, you name it and everybody pitches in to do their part for the environment.
- Standard Event - can have a handful to hundreds of geocachers. This is your standard type of geocaching event where anything and everything geocaching can happen.
- Milestone achievements
- Calendar Ex. 11-11-11
- Yearly events - annual geocaching events
- Like we need a reason, let's get together.
Is it difficult to host a Geocaching event?
Not at all. Yeah sure the bigger more elaborate ones require much more preparation but a standard Meet and Greet only needs a place to meet up, preferably some food and libations and a bunch of geocachers. That's about it. If you want to do something bigger and more active I suggest you talk with other geocachers who have already held geocaching events and get ideas and information from them.
What goes on at Geocaching events?
Everything Geocaching! BBQs, Auctions, Geocoin/Pathtag trade-offs, Contests, Activities, Geocaching Hunts, Games, Hiking, Adventures, Educational classes and so much more.
What does it take to setup a Geocaching event?
Registering your event on geocaching.com, understanding what it takes to put on a successful party, the right amount of people to setup and host the event and enough people to clean up afterwards. Do you homework first and know what you are getting into but once you host your first. There really isn't much to it.
Geocachers look forward to several things when attending a Geocaching event.
- Places to find Geocaches
- Talking about Geocaching
- Some themed activities to accomplish
Pre-planned geocache hunt
Painting Geocaches for the kids
Group/family activities and games
Geocaching in the area
Planning / hosting a successful Geocaching event
Here are some more helpful suggestions:
- Have a defined purpose. Even if it is a meet and greet.
- Select a location that is geocache rich.
- Have at an area where food is provided or available
- Know how many are coming and be prepared.
- Geocaching activities are important
- Give a ways are great
- Getting the local community involved if possible
- Reserve location space if a larger event - park, building, etc.
- Contact local Geocaching groups to help with event ideas and doing the event itself.
Well that about wraps it up. I hope you found some valuable information from this post and consider hosting your very own geocaching event very soon.
GeoCache: I'm NOT Obsessed... Right?
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Please don't forget to visit our GeoSnippits Geocaching Tutorial Videos Website at | <urn:uuid:2bd25b68-0324-4033-b802-70a8235b2e84> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://headhardhat-geocache.blogspot.com/2011/11/geocaching-event-breakdown-which-one.html?showComment=1325823164237 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988721008.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183841-00118-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.916854 | 1,047 | 2.171875 | 2 |
SAN DIEGO (Border Report) — The essential travel restrictions instituted in March 2020 have been extended for at least another month, Jeff Zients, the White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator, said during a news conference on Monday.
The restrictions affect primarily Mexican nationals with tourist visas who cross the border to shop, visit, or for leisure activities. They were set in place as a way to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 virus.
One thing that is changing, although not in play for visitors from Mexico or Canada, is that fully-vaccinated travelers from all E.U. nations, the U.K., Brazil, China, India, Iran, Ireland, and South Africa will be allowed to enter the U.S. starting in early November.
“We know vaccines are effective, including against the delta variant, and vaccines are the best line of defense against Covid, so this vaccination requirement deploys the best tool we have in our arsenal to keep people safe and prevent the spread of the virus,” Zients said. | <urn:uuid:d6cefb94-b348-4bd6-92b0-902e08a774ee> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.borderreport.com/news/coronavirus/border-restrictions-extended-to-at-least-october-21-white-house-official-says/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808213349-20220809003349-00465.warc.gz | en | 0.952756 | 217 | 1.507813 | 2 |
Newspaper Page Text
THE DAILY ARGUS
JOHN W- POTTER.
8ATCRDAT, JCJKB 22, 1889.
Phohtbition received a terrible black
eye at the bands of tbe people of Penn
sylvania. The majority against it seems
to be about 200.000.
If cleanliness is next to godliness, baths
should be considered a means of grace.
It must be with pleasure, therefore, that
religious people learn that a bathing de
partment is to be added to the Wiscopsin
It is said the talk that is occasionally
heard at Washington regarding the
speakership generally voices the opinion
that McKinley and Reed are the two
leading candidates. Congressman Wil
liams, of Ohio, is quoted as saying that
only these two men had a fighting
Preaching and practicing are vastly
different. In 1885 tbe pout office at Can
nelton, Ind., was presided over by Mrs.
De La Hunt. Postmaster General Vilas
removed her, and appointed a democrat.
the office being fourtbclass. This re
moval was made the text for a "power
fill" speech delivered by Benjamin Har
rlson, then a senator. Since March 4 ih
last Mrs. De La Hunt has been an appli
cant for appointment to ber old position
and she was somewhat stunned a short
time ago to learn that Assistant-Post
master Clarkson has appointed a rain,
backed by Representative Posey, to the
position. The appointment raised quite
a howl; the newspapers printed Harri
son's speech in 1885, and sneeringly al
luded to his action in 1889. It woke him
up, and he found an excuse by saying
that he thought the office was in tbe
presidential class, and that he had or
dered Mrs. Hunt appointed, but through
some hocus pocus Clarkson appointed
Posey's man. Tbe commission has not
been sent out yet, and tbe widow may
after all get it.
Man day Herviren.
At Trinity church. R F Sweet, rector.
Services at 7 and 10:45 a m and 7:30 p m
At the chapel at 2:30 p m.
At the First Baptist church. Rev. n. C.
Leland, pastor. Services at 10:45 a m
and 7:45 p m. William Morrison, the
converted blacksmith, will preach. Sun
day-school at 9:30 a. ro., J. W. Welch.
superintendent. Young people's meet
ing at 6:45 p. m. No preaching services
at8:3U p. ro., until further notice.
At the Broadway Presbyterian church.
Rev. W. S. Marquis, pastor, will preach
at 10:45 a m, a sermon appropriate to the
nun anniversary of he present pastorate
Iu the evening at 7:30 Prof E T Har
per, of Port Byron, will ocenpv the pul
pit. Sabbath school at 9:10 a m. Dr J
W Stewart, superintendent. Young peoi
pie s meeting at 6:15 p m. South Park
mission at xso p ro.
At the First M. E. church, preaching
at iu:43 a m and 7:45 p m by tbe pas
tor, the Rev. G. W. Gue. Morning sub'
iect, "A Model Home a Type of Heaven.'
Evening service, conducted by the men
of the church. Short address, special
singing, etc. Sunday school at 9:15 a m,
J F Robinson, superintendent. Chils
dren s class at 2:15 p m, J. S. Freeman,
leader. Young people's meeting at 7
p m, C. E. Adams, leader..
At the Christian chapel. Geo E
Piatt, pastor. Services in the morning
at 10:45. Subject: -Useless Anxiety."
Services also at 7:45 p. ro. Subject:
"Working from Wrong Motives." Sunday-school
at 9:15 a. m ; superintend
ent, E. Geo. E. Piatt. Young people's
meeting at 6:45; leader, AlvinVanripper.
Christian mission Sunday-school, corner
of Twenty-Ninth street and Seventh
avenue; school at 3 p. in. ; Geo. Colburn,
At the Central Presbyterian church,
services tomorrow at 10:45 a m and 7:45
p m. The pastor, Rev. A B Meldrum,
will preach morning and evening. Morn
ing subject. "Disappointments Their
Trouble and Utility." Evening subject.
"The Immediate Decision." Sabbath
school and pastor's bible class at 9:30 a
m. James M. Buford, superintendent.
Young people's meeting at 6:45 p m.
Gospel Hymns at evening service.
There will be a meeting for young men
at Y. M. C. A. rooms tomorrow afternoon
at 350, Chas Enox. leader.
To-morrow tbe German Lutheran
church of Hampton celebrates its twenty-fifth
anniversary, and has invited the
brethren of Rock Island, Davenport and
Geneseo to join in the ceremonies, which
will include an anniversary sermon by
the Rev. A. D. Grief, of Davenport.
The Rev. A. C. Mennicke, ot this city,
was the first regularly called pastor of
tbe Hampton church in 1904, and the
event will.be one of peculiar interest to
A His Offer.
A representative of an eastern syndi
cate has been in tbe city for a few days
negotiating for the purchase of Wagner's
big Atlantic brewery on Moline avenue,
and it is understood he offered half a mil
lion dollars for the plant, which Mr.
Wagner, however, declined.
U. 8. 8IONAL Orrir. I
Davenportjowa, Jant'JS . f
For the next 24 hours for Illinois and
Iowa, fair, warmer.
We offer one hundred dollars reward
for any case of catarrh that cannot be
cured by taking Hall's catarrh cure.
F. J. Cheney & Co., Props.,
We, the undersigned, have known F.
J. Cheney for the last fifteen years, and
believe him perfectly honorable in all
business transactions and financially able
to carry out any obligation made by their
West & Trcaz, Wholesale dvaggists,
WALDtwq. Rinnan & Masvin, Wholesale
druggists, Toledo, O.
E. H. Van Hceben, Cashier, Toledo Na-
tionr.1 bank, Toledo, O.
HaU'a catarrh cure is taken internally,
acting directly upon the blood and mucus
surfaces of the system. Price 75 cents
per bottle. Sold by all druggists.
That Ttrsd f sallnf
Afflicts nearly every one in the spring.
The system having become accustomed
to tbe bracing air of winter, is weakened
by tbe warm days of the changing season,
and readily yields to attacks of disease.
Hood's Sarsaparilla is just the medicine
needed. It tones and builds op every
part of the body, and also expels all im
purities from the blood. Try It this
Salt Lake has lost 9 per cent of its
faltneaa in the last five years.
In a Hundred Fidits.
Deserving Veteran's Cam
paign for a Pension.
THE PAETI0IPAT0E IN ICS BATTLES,
He Haa at Last Gotten What He Is Entitled
to Points of an Interesting; Case The
Power of Territorial Legislatures as to
Preparations for Statehood According to
Attorney General Miller's Views The
President Takes a Trip to Cape May.
Washington Citt, June 23. Assistant
Secretary Bussey yesterday rendered a de
cision in a remarkable pension case, on an
appeal for re-rating and increase of pension.
It appears from the records that the claim
ant, Richard AVbitiug, of company C,
Thirty-third Missouri infantry, was wounded
at Tupelo, Miss., about July 14, 1864, and.
while lying on tbe field of battle in a help
less condition, received a sunstroke which,
soon after discharge caused chronic nervous
prostration and impairment of mind, result
ing in imbecility and dementia as early as
1S74. Tbe wile and guardian of tbe claimant
filod an application for pension in 18S8, which
was granted, the rate being fixed at $34 per
month, payment to begin from the date of
filing the application.
The I'enaloner's Wife Appeals.
Subsequently, in 1SS5, the pension was in
creased to fo ) a month. The claim came be-
lors Assistant reeretary ifiuney, upon an
appeal taken by the pensioner's wife and
guardian, the ground of contention being
that the insane pensioner had not been ade
quately rated under the statutes applicable
to tbo case, and that, instead of the pension
beginning at tbe date of filing the original
application in ISsS, it should begin at the
data of the pensioner's discharge, inasmuch
as tbe limitation contained in the arrears of
pension act, approved March H, 1879, ex
pressly excepts from the operation of it all
"claims by or in tiehnlf of insane persons and
children under 10 years of age." Assistant
Secretary Riuewy holds that this exceptional
provision la applicable to the t luting claim.
and hence allows him arrears from the date
Gets a Re-Ratlnc.
In addition to this feature of the claim the
fact appears that since about 1873 the pen
sioner nns Deen in a condition that has re
quired "the personal aid and attendance of
another person, he having, soon after 1S74,
become helpless from mental imbecility, and
from partial paralysis of one side, due to
sunstroke and gunshot wound incurred in
tbe service; and tbe assistant secretary has
decided that claimant's disabilities entitle
bim not only to arrears but to a re-ruting
and increase ot pension under the acts of
1K72, and 1874 and 1SS0; tbe final rating be
ing $72 per month from June lfl, 1880. The
case is one of singular interest in its
historical features, one fact being that in
18S5, upon slanderous and false information,
the claimant's pension was reduced to the
meagre rate of f S per month.
A Veteran of 105 Fights.
The decision of Assistant Secretary Bussey
applies the law thereto by a careful con
struction of its terms, and evidently rights a
flagrant injustice to a veteran who served in
105 battles and skirmishes during tbe war.
VALID, BUT VOIDABLE.
A Decision by the Attorney General as to
Washington City, June Zi. Attorney
General Miller, at the request of the gov
ernor of Arizona, has 'considered at great
length the question whether, in the absence
of an enabling act, an act passed by tbe Ari
zona legislature and approved by the gov
ernor, "to provide for the holding of a con
vention for the purpose of framing a state
constitution to be submitted to the people for
their approval or rejection," is valid.
Conarem Has the Last Word.
He decides that it is, and cites numerous
precedents, where states were admitted into
tbe Union without enabling acta, to sustain
his position. The power to accept, modify
or reject the constitution adopted by a terri
tory when it seeks admission as a state, he
holds, is vestod in congress. "Congress," he
continues, quoting from the supreme court
case ol a isationai bank against Yankton,
"may not only abrogate laws of the terri
torial legislature, but it may legislate
directly for the local government It may
make a void act of a territorial legislature
valid, and a valid act void."
The President Goes to Cape May.
Washington City, June 22. The presi
dent, accompanied by Postmaster General
anamaker, left yesterday on the 3:45 train
over the Pennsylvanion railroad for Cape
may, . J.
Cape May, N. J., June 12. President
Harrison, I'unt master General Wana-
maker and ex-Senator Sewell, of
New Jersey, arrived here at t:45
p. . m. yesterday. They were wel
comed with fireworks, illuminations, cheer
ing and general enthusiasm. The party
went at once to tbe Wanamaker cottage
where Mr. Harrison and her father have
John P. Home's Good Record.
Washington Citt, June 23. The resigna
tion of John P. Hume, as private secretary
So tbe secretary of tbe interior, tendered on
tbe 8th of last March, has finally been ac
cepted, and Mr. H or ton Pope, a young
lawyer of ft. Louis, has been appointed by
Secretary Noble to the vacancy. Hr. Hume
held the same office under Secretary Vilas,
and his record under totb administrations as
an efficient and courteous representative of
tbe secretary made him many warm friends.
Mr. Hume leaves for his borne in Wisconsin
in a few days, where be will engage in busi
More Consulates Filled.
Washington Citt, June 22. The presi
dent has appointed Frank Mason, of Ohio,
to be consul general at Frankfort; Charles
B. Trail, of Maryluni, consul at Marseilles,
and H. G. Knowles, of Delaware, consul at
Bordeaux. Among other appointments to
the position of internal revenue collectors
was that of William Cassius Goodloe to be
collector for the Seventh Kentucky district.
The Parcel Post to Italy.
i Washington Citt, June 22. An agree
ment was yesterday approved by the presi
dent extending the limit of size and weight
for package! of samples of merchandise be
tween tbe United States and Italy from 8 by
4 by 2 inches in size to 12 by 8 by 4 inches,
and from b ounces to 12 ounces in weight'
Another Conscience That Hart.
Washington Citt. June 22 A con
science contribution of $20 was received
yesterday at the postoffioe department. Tbe
writer stated that ne had used cancelled
stamps to that amount
Civil Service Reform and the Census.
Washington Citt, June 'M. Superin
tendent Porter of the census bureau has had
several interviews with the president within
a few daya Tbe last time he was accom
panied by Secretary Noble. Mr. Porter has
been trying to convince tbe president that
the appointments in bis bureau should not be
placed under the civil service restrictions.
The latest ally of Mr. Porter" is Senator
Hale, who framed the law. He called oa
the president yesterday and argued against
the civil service board's idea. Rie outcome
is still in doubt.
Increase of Internal Revenue Receipts.
Washington Citt, June 22. Internal
revenue receipts for tbe eleven months of tbe
current fiscal year ended May 31 aggregated
1120,023,0)18, or about 16,000,000 more than
for toe corresponding eleven months of the
preceding year. The receipt so far
point to a revenue of 1130,000,000 for tbe
current fiscal year, as against 1114,000,000
Got Appointments to West Point.
Washington Citt, Jane 22. The first
Appointments to cadeUbips at the Military
academy for the class of MM have bean
made. Webster Forshsy Moore, of Cincin
nati, and Michael Blattery, of Otsego, Wis.,
art tbe lucky young men.
IDENTIFIED BY MARTINSON.
The Impress Driver Picks Karke Oat as
One of the Cronln Assassins.
Wnmpco, Man., Jane 21. The link eon
nectin j Martin Burke with the Cronin mur
der wi completely established last evening
when Martinson, the expressman who hauled
tbe fu -niture to Carlson's cottage, and who
arrive 1 here yesterday, identified Burke
among fifty-two prisoners and citizens who
stood . n a semi-circle in the Jail yard. Tbe
identification was complete and beyond all
doubt Martinson walked before the men
and pi iked out his man at the first glance.
Chief Hubbard, of Chicago, has been notified
to this effect Burke stood the ordeal well;
be nevsr flinched, and maintained the same
stolid demeanor that has charactered his ac
tons unce nis arrest. Chief McKae says
Burkes intellect is dull and that he is not
eapabla of showing any feeling.
Bnrke Was Number TwentT.
When Martinson passed down the line
Burke stood twentieth, with his hands in his
pocket j and his eyes averted. Martinson
glance i quickly into his face, marked bis
number on a slip of paper, and passed on ex
arainirg the faces of other men. After com
plating the investigation he returned to
where the officers and counsel were standing
and held a whispered conversation. Coun
sei no' von was neard to remark: "We are
satisfie L We will not want anybody else to
identify the prisoner; but be positive of the
The Prisoner A rr aliened.
Burle was arraigned before Judge Bain
under the extradition act yesterday morn
ing. The case was postponed until Wednes
day ne tt at the request of counsel for the
prosecution, who desired to have time to
bring uitnesses from Chicago. The evidence
adduce 1 before the Chicago grand jury will
be submitted here.
At the Chicago End.
Chicago, June 2a. The grand jury has
suspended work in the Cronin case in order
to get i id of a number of ordinary cases
which lire pressing. Yesterday the witnesses
test l tie. I principally to Dr. Cronin's axser
tions tl at Alex. Sullivan was desirous of
having him "removed," among tbe witnesses
who re teratod this being Edward Spellman,
a Clansman of Peoria. Private Detective
Bruce i wore ha had been offered money to
"slug" Oronin. Edward O' Meagher Condon,
tbe famous Nationalist, arrived from New
York Inst night and had a prolonged con
ference with Luke Dillon.
It is stated that the salesman. Hatfield, at
Revel's furniture house, who sold tbe furni
ture th it wis taken to "murder" cottage.
has ide it 1 fled a photograph of Pat Cooney as
that of the man who bought the furniture.
Cooney is still missing.
DI1ATH OF WILLIAM N. TAFT.
A Prominent South Carolina Republican
loins the Majority.
Chai.leston, S. C, June 22. William
N. Taft died at Maysville, Sumter county,
South ( 'arolina, yesterday. Mr. Taft was
for the last quarter of a century one of the
most prominent' figures in Republican
political circles in this state. He came to
Charleston with the Third Rhode Island
artillery when 15 years of age. After being
mustend out of service he engaged in busi
nees beie, opening a little sutler's shop. He
entered politics soon after tbe close of the
war ami was made lieutenant of police under
the first Kepubucan mayor elected here in
His Political Career.
From that position be rose gradually, hav
ing been successively elected county coroner,
county auditor, alderman and state senator,
and was once appointed postmaster, serving
in the It ttor capacity through tbe Arthur
administration. He ran for congress in 1S78
but was defeated by S. Dibble. Tbe re
markab e feature of Taft's career was tbe
fact tba: he was one of the few office holders
in this rate under the reconstruction regime
who pasd through that period with unbe
An Vnknowa Man Suicides.
NEW York, June 22. A man about 35
years of age shot himself dead yesterday
" " "ft " '""o'f mpj tu ail upper
suburb of the city. Cards in his locket bore
the nam Kiouard liallager. La Crosse,
Wis.; and A. Jurgeaa, S La Salle street,'
Two Young Girls Drowned.
Chicago, June 22. Jennie ElmLlad and
Hilda Ciirlsen, two youthful members of a
picnic arty of the North Side Swedish
Lutheran church, in company with the other
members of the church Sunday school, left
Chicago yesterday morning for Desplaines
river, on their annual merry-making trip.
Arter corner a boat ride was pro
posed an 1 the two girls were of the party.
While on the water the boat was overturned
and the two girls were carried over a dam a
short disiance below and drowned, and at
latest ad ices their bodies bad not been re
covered. Editor Dawson's 8 layer Honored.
Charifston, & C, June 22. The La
fayette Artillery company, the oldest organ
isation ol the kind in the south, Thursday
night elucted Mr. McDow to tbe office of
surgeon. McDow is now awaiting trial for
the km in 5 of Capt Dawson. The company
is competed of "solid citizens" of Charleston.
and is a mmanded by Capt Bolger, one of
the county judges. Among the membership
are a number of professional men.
Students Rebel Against Temperance.
Lokdo;i, June 23. The professors of the
Technical school at Eimbeck, in Hanover,
the other day started on a prohibition cru
sade, and issued an order that students were
not to be permitted to visit the beer gardens
in the tov n unless attended by their parents
or gaardi tna The students stood it as loos;
as they could, but Thursday they rebelled
against tl is unheard-of tyranny and all quit
the school in a body.
Solid for Foraker.
CoLUmica, Ohio, Jane 2a Returns from
tbe Republican primary elections in this oity
last even! lg show that practically a solid
Foraker delegation has keen selected for the
state com ention that meets here next Wed
BEGUN PUTTING UP HOUSES.
Supplying the Wants of Johnstown Busl
ne is Men Bodies Recovered.
Johnstjwn, Pa., June 22. Tbe erection
of 100 two-story business bouses on the pub
lic square was begun yesterday. By July 1
goodly number of these houses will be
ready for their tenants. As soon as these
buildings are in shape for the purposes in
tended a committee, appointed by the
council, v ill take charge of them and dis
tribute tb )m by lot among tbe business men.
JToperty owners in the city, real and per
sonal thui far report losses aggregating f2,-
IHore Bodies Discovered.
The bod ies of twenty-seven persons were
taken froia various places in the wreck yes
terday. !na cellar near the Presbyterian
church a iamily of six persons was found,
the husbaid and wife clasped in each other's
arms, their little ones lying on either side of
the parent a All were too much decomposed
to be iden afled. Tba bodies identified were:
Henry PHtchard, Mary and Mamie Ben-
ford (sisters of tbe proprietor of the Hurlbut
bouse), L J. Tracy and Minnie F. Harris
(daughter of the chief of police).
D" pped Dead at the Viaduct.
Daniel i toner, of Altoona, came to Johns
town yesti relay morning and dropped dead
while look ing at the body of a relative taken
from the i Dins at the viaduct He was 04
.The Labor Bit nation.
The fort e of men at work has been re
duced to i .OOO, and it is thought the results
will be more satisfactory. All the ring
leaders of Thursday's strike hare been paid
off and liave left tbe town. No further
trouble is uiticipated.
Able to Help Himself. '
Representative Rose telegraphed Speaker
Boyle yesterday thanking the members of
tbe legigla ure for their kindness of a pro
posed doni.tkm for him, but ho respectfully
declined t receive any such aid, as be says
ne was not so Dadiy injured that be could not
help himst If. . -.. -
THE HOCK TSUKKD AKGTTB SATURDAY. JUNE 22, IS89.
Five Lost Their Lives
Flames in a Fire Works Store
SOME FEARFUL LEAPS FOB LITE,
ProbabUity That the Death Mst WIU Be
Increased by Three More Victims The
Blaae Made More Dangerous bv the Igr
atted Pyrotechnics Two Young- Girls
Drowned at a Picnic Destructive Storm
in Illinois Cyclone In Missouri.
Boston, June 22. A disastrous fire accom
panied by loss of life occurred early last
evening in the - fireworks establishment of
Heyer Brothers, corner of Sumner and
Hawley streets. The building was occupied
on the ground floor by C. E. Browning,
milliners, and on the three upper floors by
Heyer Brothers, dealers in fancy goods and
fireworks. While the fire was in progress a
continual fusillade of fireworks was kept up,
the rockets flying everywhere and making
tbe work of the firemen extra-hazardous.
Inmptng from the Windows.
Tbe fire caught a number of hands at work
and a panic ensued. Charles F. Callahan
and Thomas Paine Jumped from a fourth -story
window, and C. A. Sage from a third
story window. Altogether, live lives were
lost, two boys are missing, and one man is
probably fatally injured. The dead are:
Samuel Cord, C F. Callahan, Thomas
Paine, one unidentified man, one unidenti
fied boy; fatally injured, Charles Albert
Gage; missing, John E. Anderson and
Charles Polley, both boya neyer Bros.' loss
is almut $5.1,000 and Browning's about
The Klectric Moron at Work.
Danville, Ilia, June 22. The most
tevere electric storm of the season visited
this section of the state Thursday night
The house of Fred. Magnus was struck by
lightning and burned. Tbe family bad a
narrow escape from death. At Decatur five
houses were struck by lightning inside of
two hours. The low lands are flooded and
much damage has resulted. At At wood a
water spout burst and the streets were
flooded to the depth of six inches.
Cs rlone In Missouri.
Albany, Mo., June 22. A cyclone passed
over northwestern Missouri Thursday after
noon, demolishing a number of dwellings,
school house, and other property. The
house of IL P. Williams was blown to pieces
ahd one of his children killed.
The cyclone wiped out the little village of
Lone Star, destroying the storehouse and
goods of A. C. Townsemi, the Baptist church,
the school house, and many residences. Mr.
Townsend, the postmaster, is thought to be
fatally injured, as is also Mrs. George Stine
man. The Maggie Avery is Safe.
Charlevoix, Mich., June 22. The
schooner Maggie Avery which left Traverse
City Saturday for this port and was thought
to have gone down with all on board during
the gale, is reported safe in Owena bay.
NATIONAL UNION SENATE.
Proceedings of That Body at Its Regular
Sanbuskt, June 22. The senate of the
National union has been in session here since
Tuesday, Frank IT. Gage, of Chicago, pre
siding. Tbe National union is a mutual in
surance, society, the features of which
are that each subordinate association
or council is composed of members
in the same line of business or
profession, councils being organized solely of
merchants, lawyers, machinists, printers,
newspaper men, etc ; and in which the as
sessments to pay death benefits, which run
from $1,000 to $5,00J, are made according to
age, the youngest member paying the small
est assessment It also has pleasant social
features and inculcates love of country as
one of the chief purposes.
The first day's work was devoted to rou
tine business. At the other sessions a propo
sition to reduce the maximum death lienefit
to $3,000 was referred to a Committee to re
port next year. It has ahto een decided to
make the quarterly dues payable on the 10th
of January, April, July, and October. The
clause prohibiting the payment of benefits to
soldiers or sailors in time of war was
stricken out and members were exempted
from payment of assessments on reaching the
age of Krt. The rates to be paid by members
from 49 to 65 years wor e reduced.
SHOT A LUNATIC TO DEATH.
The Way They Dispose of Daneerons Ma
niacs In South Carolina.
Columbia, a C, June 21 A negro
named Andy Caldwell yesterday morning at
tempted to ravish Mrs. Beckham a rMiwt.
able white woman, at ber home near Ridge-
water, S. C. Mrs. Beckham's daughter
tried to shoot the negro, but her gun failed to
fire. The negro then took the gun from tbe
girl and shot her in tbe leg. He then went
to Ridgewater and created a disturbance in
a store, when the proprietor shot at him and
he ran away.
The Man Was a Maniac
In the meantime it hail hmn InnmiJ f v,.t
the negro was an escaped lunatic. The sher
iff fi.n. - . j i . , ... .
uumiy uapiuntu nira ana piacea mm in
charze of a cuard from thn stxta lim.tin
asylum, who started for Columbia with him.
Y, -1 T ... - -
uku iH-iir no tiuii me party was surprised
by a body of forty armed men, who took
Caldwell into the woods and shot him to
A Warning to Meddlers.
Boston, June 21 In the action of Mira
Beal, formerly the wife of James H. BeaL
to recover damages from Augustus Thomp
son for alienating tbe affections of plaiutiflTa
husband by writing and sending him a letter
containing a false and malicious libel against
plaintiff, the supreme court, full bench, has
decided that the verdict of the superior
court jury awarding the plaintiff $30,000
damages, must stand. Tbe defendant admits
writing the letter, but claimed that its state
ments were true and without malice. The
supreme court holds that the defendant
owed no duty to the husband to in
form him of his wife's conduct before ber
nfarriage, and there is no, evidence that de
fendant was acting in tbe discharge of any
duty, moral, social or legal.
The Hungarians Want a Retraction.
New York, June 22. At a meeting of
1,500 Hungarian-American citizens last
nirht resolutions warn adnntAl that
stories of Hungarian atrocities at Johnstown
naa Deen proven lalss, and calling on the
press to retract the slanders on a law-ahidinc
element of the people.
Passed It Over the Veto.
Hartford, Conn., June 23. The senate
last night by a vote of 13 to 8, and the house
by 133 to 21, passed over tbe governor's veto
tbe resolution enabling policy holders of the
Phoanlx Mutual Life Insurance oompany to
purchase control of the company.
Prospect of War la Venezuela.
Caracas, June 22. The people of
Venezuela have risen in revolt against the
power of Guzman-Bianco, tbe dictator who
for twenty years has ruled the country with
a rod of iron. Blanco is now in Paris, from
which point be ordered tbe present president
of Venezuela, Dr. Paul, to resign. Paul did
so, but the people of Caracas implored him to
reconsider his action and he complied. Guz
man's followers are now in the minority, and
the deposed potentate is expected Jo return
and inaugurate a civil war.
That Destructive Green Bug.
Springfield. I1L. June 22. Professor S.
A. Forbes, state entomologist, has addressed
a communication to the state hoard of acrri.
culture concerning a minute bluish-green.
ovai, ratner aiuggisn insect round within a
few davs in such abun-ianea nn t.lio head
and leaves of wheat and oats from the Ohio
river to Madison and Champaign counties.
ue says the name is the grain plant louse and
that the onlv enemies it has in nuniuhla
rains and a number of other bugs that like
to eat il
Hot Shot for Britons.
Governor Thayer, of Nebraska,
Fires a Broadside
IS DEFENSE OF PATRICK EGAS.
The British-American Circular ITrglng
the Recall or Our Minister to Chill
Rather Riles the Governor, Who Lets
Blmseir loose Very Vigorously A Side
Wipe at Chicago In the Interest or Alex
Lincoln, Neb., June 22. The British
American association of Boston sent a circu
lar to Governor Thayer a few days ago, pro
testing against the appointment of Patrick
Egan as minister to Chili, and asking for
assistance in securing his recall. Yesterday
the governor made public bis reply. It is a
vigorous defense of the minister and full of
denunciation of the cause of the association.
The following are extracts:
"Who constituted you and your associates
judges of the motives and actions of men?
By what authority do you arraign the presi
dent and senate of the United States for the
appointment and confirmation of Patrick
Egan as minister to Chili? Thank
God they are not responsible
to such intolerably insolent bigots as you and
your associates have proven yourselves to be
by the language used in this circular. I have
known Patrick Egan ever since be located in
the city of Lincoln, years ago. He has al
ways proven himself to be an upright and
honorable man; a good citizen in every re
spect You can no more tarnish his reputa
tion with your vile slanders than the foul
bird of night can assail the eagle. To
vent your rage and venom at Mr.
Egan's appointment, you have seized
the weapons of a defeated yea of a vile
London fish-wife deipised, and unprincipled
slanderer, and you call him by opprobrious
names, which fact always furnishes evidence
that the party using them is completely
worsted in supiiort of a bad cause. You say
Mr. Eian is a political Arab. I say he is an
honorable and honored Americau citizen,
and I take pleasure in reminding you that
he is au envoy extraordinary and minister
plenipotentiary of the great republic of the
United States to the foremost republic of
Doesn't Agree with Them.
"You say he is a fugitive from the power
of British justice. Oh, you mistake; you
should have said 'British injustice.' You
say the conduct of Patrick Egan is now un
der investigation by a special commission of
British judges, as to participation in what
every civilized state brands as a crime
against life and property. Have
you so soon forgotten how completely
and how overwhelmingly I 'a trick Egan
shattered one of the most dastardly and
damning conspiracies to blacken bis own
and the good name of Parrel 1 that villainy
ever concocted, which exposure sent ene of
tbe conspirators to death and left the others
to the condemnation of tbe civilized world?
You designate yourselves as mem
bers of the British-American association.
We are all American people here. We are
no 'alf-and-'alf people. We respect Britons
when they respect themselves, and observe
the very homely adage of 'minding one's
A Whack at Chicago.
"Please bear in mind that you are living in
the nineteenth century, uudei the influence
of enlightened American civilization, in a
country where freedom has been proclaimed
throughout the land and to all the inhabi
tants thereof ; where the en joyment, without
dictation from any source, of political and
religious freedom is guaranteed to all;
where a man is believed to be innocent
till be is proven guilty; where
justice can lie relied upon, generally,
to be impartial, although Chicago's coroner
and a coroner's jury spent weeks in trying
to fasten the murder of Dr. Cronin upon Al
exander Sullivan rather than in trying to as
certain who is guilty of the awful crime of
bis taking off; where a man is not hounded
and persecuted lecause he seeks to obtain
free speech and home rule for his native
land. I respectfully advise you to find some
other calling tlian the circulation of the pro
test to which 1 have adverted."
Tbe circular at which Governor Thayer
takes such vigorous umbrage closes as fol
lows: "This appointment is insulting to the
national dignity and ability of the 60,000,000
people comprising thus great republic, for it
virtually proclaims to the world that of all
its sons to the manner born, and otherwise,
there was not to be found oue among them
all so well qualified to represent this greatest
American nation in tbe progressive state of
Chili as this fugitive from the power of
MRS. HAYES PARALYZED.
The K-President's Wile Stricken with the
Iread Disease Simond Cameron Sink
Cleveland, O., June 21. -A special from
Fremont O-, states that Mrs. Rutherford B.
Hayes, wife of the ex -president, was yester
day afternoon stricken with paralysis. Her
entire right side is affected, and at 9 p. m.
she had not recovered consciousness. Gen.
Hayes was in Columbus, but arrived heme
at 5 o'clock in tbe evening. The other mem
bers of the family have been telegraphed
Later. At a late hour last night there
had been no change in Mrs. Hayes' condi
tion. Gen. Cameron's Condition.
Lancaster, Pa., June 24 At midnight
last night Gen. Cameron's condition was re
Harrisburq, Pa., June 22. Gen. Camer
on has been unconscious most of the time
since the paralytic stroke. His friends say
he is in a dying condition, but his Harris
burg physician says he may live a number of
Later. A telegram from Lancaster nayrt
Gen. Simon Cameron is very low and be
lieved to be sinking. His death may occur
at any moment
Ex-Secretary John MacVeagh last night
expressed the opinion that Gen. Cameron will
die before morning.
The Weather We Slay Expect.
Washington Citt, June 23. The indica
tions for thirty-six hours from 8 p.m. yester
day are as follows: For Upper Michigan
Rain; stationary temperature, fol'owed Satur
day afternoon by slightly warmer weather;
northwesterly win-Is. For Illinois and Wis
consin Fair, slightly cooler, followed Satur
day by warmer weal hen northi rly winds, be
coming variable. For Indiana and Lower
Michigan Fair, slightly cooler weather, fol
lowed in Indiana by stationary temperature:
northwesterly winds. For Iowa Fair
weather; warmer, variable winds, becoming
The Amalgamated Association.
Pittsburg, Pa., June 21 The fourteenth
annual convention of the Amalgamated As
sociation of Iron and Steel Workers reached
a final adjournment last evening, after a
session of seventeen days. At laot evening's
session William Weihe was unanimously re
elected president, William Martin re-elected
secretary and Bteve Madden reappointed as
sistant secretary. There is but little doubt
but that the wage scale, as adopted by tbe
convention and submitted to the maaufac
turera, will be accepted by the latter with
Lansing, Mich., June 22. The senate yes-'
torday sent the 2-esnt-fare bill back to the
house, because the rules prohibited the re
consider of a bill more than once and
this bill had already been reconsidered. The
libel bill came up Saga in and was paasei Tbe
house passed tbe senate 2-cent-fare bill and
both houses passed the new general tax bill,
which taxes all church property except tbe
church building and parsonage.
A Blow at the Cotton Oil Trust.
New Orleans, June 83. Judge Righter,
in tbe civil district court, yesterday granted
the motion on behalf of tbe state to make
perpetual tbe injunction restraining tbe
cotton oil trust from exercising any of the
privileges and franchises of a corporation
within this state. Tba application for
receiver was denied. . .. . c..
and with it
Lace Curtain Stretchers 1
.fty.;-;.;-. : v:
's r i'i f i i 1 I I I I 1 1 I j I
cur of rotoma nunc
Will Save you Money, Time and Labor.
&S,22Zam:ul HAVm WN,i
For Sale Cy
DEE. IF1. CORDES,
No. 1623 Second Avenue.
Disastrous floods have occurred in the
town of Bar-Le-Duc, in tbe department of
Meuw, France. The lonn is partly sub
merged and many houses have been swept
away. Croie and vineyards in tbe surround
ing country have suffered.
Tbe health of Lord Dufforin, at one time
governor general of Canada, is so bad that
bis phyhicians are anxious about him.
A rule has len adopted by the internal
revenue bureau forbidding the presence in a
distillery warehouse of any erson except in
the presence of tbe storekeejier.
The comptroller of the currency has au
thorized the Teuton ia National bank, of
Dayton, Ohio, to begin business with a capi
tal of $ ttM.OUO.
lord Salisbury has again remitted 15 per
cent of their yearly reins to the tenants on
The Russian government has ordered
forty engines and l.tHKJcars for the Ekater
inoslov railway, to he used for military pur
The Versailles (Conn.) Woolen company
has been attached by creJ iters. Liabilities
about f Hv,(oO, nominal assets about $1;,000.
The Bertram manufacturing company of
Windermere, Conn., manufacturers of
beaver cloaking, shut down Friday. Tbe
company employed about 150 persons, und
will prolmbly make an assignment.
J. B. Henderson shot ami proliably fatally
wounded his landlady, Mrs. Adoneiqua, at
Santa Barbara, CaL, Friday, and tl.en com
mitted suicide. He was arrested, for drunk
enness Thursday, and it Is supposed that be
shot the woman for causing his arrest.
Prof. John Brocklesby, of Trinity college,
Hartforii, Conn., died Friday, aged 73yeuia.
John Fitzgerald, of the Irish Land league,
is suing his construction company and the
Missouri Paeific Railway company for
ftiilO.IMO due on railway construction'.
In Fayette c .uity, Iowa, Thursday morn
ing Barbara Rosier shot and kille 1 ber bus
band, Francis Rosier. She was bis third
wife He was of intemperate habits and
quarrels between them were frequent. She
states that he lieat her and sho shot him to
save her own life.
Elmer D. Chesmore, for a number of years
a mail-route agent on the Chicago, Milwau
kee and St. Paul road, was drown.nl while
yachting at Lake Mills, Wis., Friday morn
ing. A Maxim automatic gun, tested at the
naval proving grounds, Aonapous, Md.,
Friday, tired 7.V) shots in a minute.
A wealthy old miser at Franklyn, Ky. ,
while sick unto death, Friday, managed to
get out of bed, and caliiug an old negro
snrvant, ordered him to burn an old nail
keg. It was ascertained later that the keg
contained f :10,0ti0 in greenbacks and goveru
ment bonds, which ho was determined that
his wife, whom he is suing for divorce,
should not get. - -
The majority acrainst Prohibition in
Pennsylvania was lsii.trjil.
It is stated at Boston that the president
and Mrs. Harrison have accepted au invita
tion to be present at Henry C. Bowen's
annual Fourth of July celebration at Wood
stock. Verdfrt on the Armagh IHstister.
London, June Tue coroner's jury
investigating the circumstances conm-cted
with the recent frightful railway disaster
near Armagh have brought in a verdict
holding live of the officials of the railway
responsible for thn loss of life, and charging
tbem wi'.h manslaughter.
The Indiana Coal Miners.
Indianapolis, June Governor Hovey
Thursday received word from the coal
operators of Clay county that they
would meet the state board of charities
for the purpose of discussing the strike situa
tion. Th meeting will be held in a few
loiulnirk Not Omclally Employed.
Nkw York, June. 22. The Pennsylvania
railroad pet .pie say that Dominick McCaf
frey is not oflicially employed by thein as
reported, but it is state. 1 that he is an-HUgim;
to send a party of tourists to witness the
CniCAQO. Juno 21.
Quotations on the hoard ot trade to-day were
as follows: Wheat No. 2 June. tened and
cloned le; July, opened Tlsc. closed Tf'-tc;
September, opened ?4c, closed "jc Corn
No. - July, opened Sic, closed aj-?ijc:
August, opened &Vi closed &H-4c; Sep
tember, opened b;yi closed &Ae. Oats
No. 2 July, opened -k; rinsed 76c; Sep
tember, opened 2i6gc, closed J-Hc. Pork
Ju y, opened $11...; closed il,72H; Au
gust, opened $11.6 closed SJ1.8U; Septem
ber, opened H1.T2, closed $11.83l Lard
July, opcued Stt.au, closed
Live stock The Union stock yards report
the following prices: Hogs-Market opened
active and firm, with prices 5c higher;
ligh (rrades, 84.aitl.;i5; rou-h packing,
$4.lfi4.a; mixed lots, f4j8.ni4.45; heavy
packing and shipping lots, 4--54-4u. Cattle
Market quiet and about steady: natives
3U3te lower than last Monday: Texans Hte
lower than first of wek; common lo good na
tives, $.i.(.3.9U: choice to fancy, $4.ott&4.H6;
Texas steers, :.aZi3.3o; natives cows, H-Jk
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chickens, SMec per lb; roosters,
6c; turkeys, 7o; docks, tx&ac Potatoes
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SPRING HAS GOME!
the pleasure of beautifying home
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Fourth Ave. and Tenth Street,
and hopes to retain the custom of his predecessor
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that it has always enjoyed by dealing only in the best annih
AT TOE LOWEST PRICES.
IS THE BEST,
and if you are wise you will buy no other. There is nothing
good in any other make but has been stolen from it.
Hardwood Finish and Bronze Trimmings, honest
goods in every wa
Sold only by
JOHN T. NOFTSKER.
J. B. ZIMMER
IS RECEIVING DAILY UI3 STOCK OP
Spring and Summer Goods,
of the latest patterns. Call and examine them and remem
ber that he makes his suits up in the latest styles.
HIS PRICES AEE LO"W.
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fVA fine lot of Children's Carriages cheap. It will pay yon to call before purcbas.ng.
No. 1006 Third Avenue.
A. J. SMITH & SON,
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125 and 127 West Third St.,
with new pieces of-
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for NURSES with boiling; water a delicious I1KEF TEA
is instantly provided. INVALIDS will find It appetizing,
giving tone to the WEAKEST STOMACH. Guaranteed to
be PPRE BEEF essence. Put up in convenient pack
ages Of both SOLIO AND FLUID EXTRACTS.
BY DRUCCISTS AND CROCERS.
COMPLETE IN ALL
For Catalogues Address
T. C. DUNCAN,
Call and compare stocks.
SltZITH & SON,
opp. Masonic Temple, | <urn:uuid:24dcd7ca-c183-494e-9293-0350d1e1567c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn92053945/1889-06-22/ed-1/seq-2/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00348-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.917119 | 12,077 | 1.515625 | 2 |
In light of the recent round of fighting in Gaza, the Hamas interior ministry has issued guidelines to Gaza Strip social media users for reporting events and discussing them with outsiders.
The ministry's guidelines, which it is calling the "Be Aware – Social Media Activist Awareness Campaign," were issued via an instructional video posted on its official website and via posters published on its Twitter and Facebook pages. Both the video and the posters were also posted on the ministry's social media accounts and forums.
The guidelines are aimed at ensuring preservation of the line of Hamas and other Palestinian organizations; preventing the leaking of information that would be of military value to Israel; bolstering Hamas's propaganda efforts outside the Gaza Strip, in both the Arab world and the West; and preventing damage to Hamas's image. Hamas particularly seeks to cement the perceptions that its actions are a response to Israeli aggression and that all Gaza casualties are "innocent civilians," and to ensure that there is no evidence of rockets being fired from Gaza population centers.
The Hamas interior ministry website included the following text along with its instructional video: "The Information Department of the Ministry of the Interior and National Security has instructed activists on social media websites, particularly Facebook, to correct some of the commonly used terms as they cover the aggression taking place in the Gaza Strip. The following Information Department video calls on all activists to use the proper terminology, in order to play their part in strengthening the home front and in properly conveying information worldwide."
"Be Aware – Social Media Activist Awareness Campaign" instructional video posted on official Hamas interior ministry Facebook page
Message to Facebook activists on Hamas interior ministry website
Following are excerpts from the guidelines:
"Anyone killed or martyred is to be called a civilian from Gaza or Palestine, before we talk about his status in jihad or his military rank. Don't forget to always add 'innocent civilian' or 'innocent citizen' in your description of those killed in Israeli attacks on Gaza.
"Begin [your reports of] news of resistance actions with the phrase 'In response to the cruel Israeli attack,' and conclude with the phrase 'This many people have been martyred since Israel launched its aggression against Gaza.' Be sure to always perpetuate the principle of 'the role of the occupation is attack, and we in Palestine are fulfilling [the role of] the reaction.'
"Beware of spreading rumors from Israeli spokesmen, particularly those that harm the home front. Be wary regarding accepting the occupation's version [of events]. You must always cast doubts on this [version], disprove it, and treat it as false.
"Avoid publishing pictures of rockets fired into Israel from [Gaza] city centers. This [would] provide a pretext for attacking residential areas in the Gaza Strip. Do not publish or share photos or video clips showing rocket launching sites or the movement of resistance [forces] in Gaza.
"To the administrators of news pages on Facebook: Do not publish close-ups of masked men with heavy weapons, so that your page will not be shut down [by Facebook] on the claim that you are inciting violence. In your coverage, be sure that you say: 'The locally manufactured shells fired by the resistance are a natural response to the Israeli occupation that deliberately fires rockets against civilians in the West Bank and Gaza'..."
Additionally, the interior ministry prepared a series of suggestions specifically for Palestinian activists who speak to Westerners via social media. The ministry emphasizes that conversations with them should be conducted differently from conversations with other Arabs. It stated:
- "When speaking to the West, you must use political, rational, and persuasive discourse, and avoid emotional discourse aimed at begging for sympathy. There are elements with a conscience in the world; you must maintain contact with them and activate them for the benefit of Palestine. Their role is to shame the occupation and expose its violations.
- "Avoid entering into a political argument with a Westerner aimed at convincing him that the Holocaust is a lie and deceit; instead, equate it with Israel's crimes against Palestinian civilians.
- "The narrative of life vs. the narrative of blood: [When speaking] to an Arab friend, start with the number of martyrs. [But when speaking] to a Western friend, start with the number of wounded and dead. Be sure to humanize the Palestinian suffering. Try to paint a picture of the suffering of the civilians in Gaza and the West Bank during the occupation's operations and its bombings of cities and villages.
- "Do not publish photos of military commanders. Do not mention their names in public, and do not praise their achievements in conversations with foreign friends!"
Posters on the Hamas interior ministry Facebook page | <urn:uuid:eb8b22c4-0772-4c47-8746-04fce94b3ecb> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.memri.org/reports/hamas-interior-ministry-social-media-activists-always-call-dead-innocent-civilians-dont-post | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573667.83/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819100644-20220819130644-00070.warc.gz | en | 0.946276 | 951 | 1.8125 | 2 |
Waste and Recycling: Career and Education Opportunities in Salem, Oregon
Waste and Recycling: As new products are produced, waste is also generated. Waste and recycling workers take care of making sure this waste appropriately handled and disposed of.
Salem is located in Marion County, Oregon. It has a population of over 153,435, which has grown by 12.1% over the last ten years. The cost of living index in Salem, 97, is near the national average. New single-family homes in Salem are valued at $215,800 on average, which is above the state average. In 2008, two hundred sixty-nine new homes were constructed in Salem, down from five hundred forty-three the previous year.
The top three industries for women in Salem are health care, public administration, and educational services. For men, it is construction, public administration, and educational services. The average commute to work is about 22 minutes. More than 24.1% of Salem residents have a bachelor's degree, which is lower than the state average. The percentage of residents with a graduate degree, 8.8%, is higher than the state average.
The unemployment rate in Salem is 10.2%, which is less than Oregon's average of 10.6%.
The percentage of Salem residents that are affiliated with a religious congregation, 37.6%, is less than the national average but more than the state average. The most prominent religious groups are the Catholic Church, the LDS (Mormon) Church and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America.
Salem is home to the Oregon Women's Correctional Center and the Oregon State Penitentiary as well as Waldo Park and Olinger Pool Park. Visitors to Salem can choose from Red Lion Hotel-Salem Reservations, Shilo Inn Salem and Econo Lodge Salem for temporary stays in the area.
Featured Online Colleges
CAREERS WITHIN: Waste and Recycling
Sewage Treatment Plant Operators operate or control an entire process or system of machines, often through the use of control boards, to transfer or treat water or liquid waste. Sewage Treatment Plant Operators need to attend to equipment so as to monitor and adjust its activity. They also need to run the operations of equipment, machinery and systems. | <urn:uuid:bcb8fdcb-6179-4e10-ad86-7f8b810819eb> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.careeroverview.com/usa/oregon/salem/production/waste-and-recycling/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00229-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964868 | 469 | 2.21875 | 2 |
The price of the world’s most important base metal, copper, continues to hover near a five-year low as copper miners struggle with waning demand from their biggest customer, China.
The current price, near $2.70 per pound, is down roughly 40% from the all-time highs reached in 2011.
China accounts for about 40% of overall global copper demand. But, consumption there has slowed as its once red-hot property market cools.
So, when Freeport-McMoRan (FCX) said that it’s going full speed ahead with a vast expansion plan, investors started scratching their heads. Especially since the company recently announced a dividend cut for the first time in seven years!
The company is already the world’s largest listed copper miner, and its goal is to become the overall No. 1 producer, passing up Chile’s state-owned Codelco.
Forging Ahead With Expansion Plans
But Freeport is spending $4.6 billion at its Cerro Verde copper mine in Peru to raise its output.
Why is Freeport doing the opposite of the rest of the market?
Well, the company believes that supply won’t be able to keep up with demand in the years ahead.
In February, Freeport’s CEO Richard Adkerson said that if copper demand rises, even just 2.5% annually over the next decade, supply will lag.
Adkerson said that the industry would need to add 10 million metric tons (mmt) of capacity, which is more than 50% of the company’s global capacity, to account for the higher demand and depletion at older mines.
But, if this is true, it seems odd that other copper miners aren’t following along…
Well, from the supply side, it does make sense.
There have been only two large copper discoveries since Freeport’s massive copper mine was found in Indonesia in 1988. One of which, located in Mongolia and owned by Rio Tinto plc (RIO), has been slowed by disputes between the company and the government.
Wall Street also has a tendency to overestimate supply. Every year, Wall Street envisions perfect mining conditions and a surplus. Then Mother Nature and other events, such as strikes, happen.
This year is a perfect example…
Estimates indicated that there would be a copper surplus of anywhere from 10,000 to 500,000 metric tons. Then, floods in Chile and other disruptions, including strikes, protests, and electrical problems, hit.
Now, most analysts are forecasting a deficit again for copper, the seventh deficit in a row.
China remains the elephant in the room, though.
Demand Side Iffy
Without rising demand from the Chinese, Freeport’s outlook for 2.5% annualized demand growth goes out the window.
Chinese demand for copper grew 5.9% last year to just over 10 mmt. That’s the slowest rate since 2010. Morgan Stanley says the rate of growth this year will be only 2.6%, the worst since 2007.
Metals investors are surely worried that they’ll see a repeat of what happened in the iron ore market. In that sector, it seems Chinese steel consumption has peaked, meaning so has iron ore demand.
Luckily for Freeport, there are few other parallels between iron and copper. Copper uses, like wiring, automobiles, manufacturing, and construction – are much more diverse than iron ore.
And, unlike iron ore – where all the big producers are expanding production like mad – only Freeport-McMoRan seems intent on expanding output.
For this year, at least, we’ll probably continue to see drifting in copper prices and weakness in Freeport’s stock.
In the longer term, Freeport’s expansion may be perfectly timed to fill the production void that will happen later this decade. Chile’s mines, responsible for a third of global copper production, are losing productivity as ore grades decline.
And, money is drying up for new projects.
The number of new copper mines in the global pipeline dropped to 19 in April from 30 in October – a 40% plunge, according to CRU Group.
And Bloomberg Intelligence estimates exploration budgets for this year to be at the lowest level since 2010.
And the chase continues, | <urn:uuid:b7f5482d-6f2d-4a18-a401-f64a1f9f5c6b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.wallstreetdaily.com/2015/04/21/freeport-copper-expansion/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00355-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.94651 | 909 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Mike Cross, author of Freedom from Conscience - Melanie's Journey discusses psychopaths and their relation to politics, society and personal relationships. Mike, a former Oregonian now a resident of Stockholm, teaches psychology and international finance. We begin the first hour commenting on the Nordic model of government and society. Mike talks about how conformity within a society is an ideal system for the psychopath. We'll also discuss how a "reverse Freud" is used to overthrow tradition and create revolution. Then, we'll discuss repression within a society, which creates a sort of schizophrenia. Later, Mike tells us about the psychopath within government. He compares the politician's psychopathy to arrested development. | <urn:uuid:9b0a6633-0902-4c4d-9c64-adfc60125090> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://altcensored.com/watch?v=J9Sy2PUVWkA | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571246.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811073058-20220811103058-00264.warc.gz | en | 0.921097 | 134 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Amazon is fighting the US Federal Trade Commission's efforts to restrict in-app purchases on its phones and tablets, The Wall Street Journal reported today. The FTC argues that unauthorized in-app purchases made by children using Amazon's devices have affected "thousands" of parents, and the commission wants Amazon to agree to fines and more explicit restrictions on when and how in-app purchases can be made.
For its part, Amazon believes that its current protections are getting the job done, and Amazon Associate General Counsel Andrew DeVore said in a letter that Amazon would "defend [its] approach in court" rather than agree to the FTC's restrictions. DeVore also said that Amazon has refunded any unauthorized purchases when parents contacted the company to request one, and that the Amazon app store includes "prominent notice of in-app purchasing, effective parental controls, and real-time notice of every in-app purchase."
In response to a similar FTC complaint, Apple agreed earlier this year to pay out $32.5 million in refunds to parents whose children had made purchases without parental consent. The company is working to prevent unauthorized in-app purchases in iOS 8 by introducing "Family Sharing" accounts that will notify parents and ask them for permission when their kids try to buy things from the App Store or from within apps. Apple recently added a line of text to App Store listings that specifies whether an app supports in-app purchases in the first place. | <urn:uuid:77c1794d-dff3-4cb9-8e0e-ffc123df0375> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/07/amazon-would-go-to-court-to-avoid-ftc-restrictions-on-in-app-purchases/?comments=1 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279224.13/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00484-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960308 | 291 | 1.859375 | 2 |
Keeping our customers informed and protected is a top priority for us. Fraud is a growing problem that we see more of every day. We take security measures within the bank such as daily spending limits on debit cards and requiring password changes for your internet banking login. While we protect the information you have entrusted to us there are measures you can take at home to keep your personal information secure.
Do not ever give your personal information to someone over the phone. Some callers can be very persuasive and will commonly use scare tactics to make you tell them what they want to know. The following entities will NEVER call you to threaten your benefits, tell you to wire money, send cash or put money on gift cards: Social Security Administration (SSA), Internal Revenue Service (IRS), your bank. In fact, the SSA and IRS only correspond through the US Postal Service.
Anyone who tells you to do these things is a scammer. Never give any part of your social security number, bank account or credit card number to anyone over the phone. When in doubt, ask them for a number to call them back or call your bank. Scammers have the ability to make it appear they are calling from any number (even the below bank and SSA numbers). If you are questioning the call, hang up and call them back or call your bank.
Each year you are entitled to a free credit report from each of the 3 credit bureaus. Visit www.annualcreditreport.com to request yours. It is important that you are regularly monitoring your credit report. If there is anything unusual immediately call to place a freeze on your credit.
Important Numbers To Know
Libertyville Savings Bank (641) 472-9839
Social Security Administration 1 (800) 772-1213
Transunion 1 (888) 909-8872
Equifax 1 (800) 685-1111
Experian 1 (888) 397-3742
For more information on how to protect yourself from identity theft visit the US Department of Homeland Security’s Cyber Security Awareness site.
Beware of Fraud
Fraud is everywhere. In 2021 the FTC reported 2.8 million fraud reports. We are here to help, but fraud protection starts with you by being diligent, stopping to think before you click and remembering to never ever give out personal information.
Your bank, your credit card, the social security administration, the IRS or anywhere else that you do business with should already have your personal information. We will never call you and request full numbers for verification. When you provide your personal information, the fraudster can then create a fake online login and access your accounts. If you should receive a call like this immediately hang up. If you have questions call us back using the phone number you know, or the one that is listed for the company. Never hit redial even if it looks like the legitimate number. Fraudsters are good and they can spoof any phone number into looking real.
When creating social media accounts be aware of the privacy settings. If your account is not private or you are not cautious of who you add your information is available for the world to see. Another thing to consider is being cautious of how much personal information you are sharing on these sites. Data scrapping is a process fraudsters use to extract data from a website or social media platform using automated tools. It is cataloged and then sold to cybercriminals who use it to trick you into giving them personal information.
Fraudsters will monitor your email and gather information from valid e-mail addresses and other public sources so that they can then send fake e-mails making requests on your behalf. Don’t click on links. Open a browser and type in the address instead. Look at the sender’s e-mail. Does it look correct? Check the time. Most reputable companies will not be sending you an e-mail at 2 am. And if you think your e-mail has been compromised notify us right away.
Additional valuable advice:
- Check your accounts frequently. You can monitor them online weekly or even daily for unusual activity. If you see something that looks unusual CALL!
- Confirm privacy settings on all personal devices and online services.
- Never use public wifi to access personal accounts. It is very easy for them to be hacked and your logins to get into the wrong hands.
- Keep all security features and software up to date and use two-factor authentication whenever possible.
- Do not cash or deposit checks and then send money on or wire it back. This is a scam we see a lot of. The fraudster is going to give you a certain dollar amount, say $1000, but in return you must send them $100 back. What happens is you get the $1000 in your account, send them the $100 and then the $1000 amount gets returned because it wasn’t valid. If you have already spent the money, you are now out $1100. Do not accept or send payments from anyone you don’t know or haven’t met. If it is too good to be true it is!
- Another tactic we have seen is fraudsters wanting you to send them gift cards. This should always be a red flag. No legitimate company wants payment in gift cards.
Most of these fraudsters work off scare tactics. When they call there is always urgency. They want you to do it right now. Send the money, give the information, or click on the link. They need you to feel pressure so you will make a rash decision. The IRS is not coming to get you. Nor are the police or the federal government. Our best advice as mentioned before is to hang up as quickly as possible.
Always remember we are here for you…If you have questions, concerns or in the unfortunate event that your information has gotten into the wrong hands never hesitate to call.
Recent Fraud Attempts
Recently we have seen an increase in fraudulent calls that claim to be from Amazon. Below is an email that was sent from Amazon in regards to what you should watch for. As always if you have questions you can call us.
KnowBe4 Security Tips - How Secure is Your Mobile Device?
Most of us have a smartphone, but how many of us really think about the security threats faced by these mobile devices? Mobile devices are vulnerable to many different types of threats. The bad guys are increasing attacks on mobile devices and targeting your phone using malicious applications. Using these methods, they can steal personal and business information without you having any idea what’s going on.
Even if you’ve downloaded a security or antivirus application, securing your smartphone goes beyond these services. Improving your mobile security practices is your best defense against the privacy and security issues associated with your mobile device.
How can I improve my mobile security practices?
Always remember these best practices to minimize the risk of exploits to your mobile devices:
- Ensure your phone’s operating system is always up to date. Operating systems are often updated in order to fix security flaws. Many malicious threats are caused by security flaws that remain unfixed due to an out of date operating system.
- Watch out for malicious apps in your app store. Official app stores regularly remove applications containing malware, but sometimes these dangerous apps slip past and can be downloaded by unsuspecting users. Do your research, read reviews and pay attention to the number of downloads it has. Never download applications from sources other than official app stores.
- Ensure applications are not asking for access to things on your phone that are irrelevant to their function. Applications usually ask for a list of permissions to files, folders, other applications, and data before they’re downloaded. Don’t blindly approve these permissions. If the permission requests seem unnecessary, look for an alternative application in your app store.
- No password or weak password protection. Many people still don’t use a password to lock their phone. If your device is lost or stolen, thieves will have easy access to all of the information stored on your phone.
- Be careful with public WiFi. The bad guys use technology that lets them see what you’re doing. Avoid logging in to your online services or performing any sensitive transactions (such as banking) over public WiFi.
Stop Look Think - Don't be fooled
The KnowBe4 Security Team
- Delete email, text, and social media messages that ask you to confirm or provide sensitive information.
Legitimate companies don’t ask for sensitive information this way.
- Beware of visiting website addresses sent to you in an unsolicited message. Even if you feel the message
is legitimate, type web addresses into your browser instead of clicking links.
- Try to independently verify any details given in a message directly with the company.
- Utilize anti-phishing features available in your email client and/or web browser. Also, utilize an email
SPAM filtering solution to help prevent phishing emails from being delivered.
- Do not open attachments from unknown senders or unexpected attachments from known senders.
- Be cautious of the amount of personal data you make publicly available through social media and other
Information provided by Tandem
Cyber Security During COVID-19
The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) warns individuals to remain vigilant for scams related to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cyber actors may send emails with malicious attachments or links to fraudulent websites to trick victims into revealing sensitive information or donating to fraudulent charities or causes. Exercise caution in handling any email with a COVID-19-related subject line, attachment, or hyperlink, and be wary of social media pleas, texts, or calls related to COVID-19.
CISA encourages individuals to remain vigilant and take the following precautions.
- Avoid clicking on links in unsolicited emails and be wary of email attachments.
- Use trusted sources—such as legitimate, government websites—for up-to-date, fact-based information about COVID-19.
- Do not reveal personal or financial information in email, and do not respond to email solicitations for this information.
- Verify a charity’s authenticity before making donations. Review the Federal Trade Commission’s page on Charity Scams for more information.
- Review CISA Insights on Risk Management for COVID-19 for more information.
KnowBe4 Security Tips - The Shock Factor: Don’t Take the Bait!
One of the most common and successful tricks cyber criminals use to trigger you into falling for their scams is fake “stressor events”. In this context, “stressor events”, are shocking or compromising situations that inflict fear or provoke other emotions, for the purpose of causing an impulsive reaction.
How it works:
When the bad guys present a shocking claim to an unknowing victim, they often add a sense of urgency to drive home the “importance” of the scenario. In reality, this sense of urgency is another factor increasing the chances that you’ll react impulsively and click on their malicious links or download their dangerous attachments. Attackers explain their fake scenarios in the body of their phishing emails, but they’re also known for using shocking subject lines such as, “Act Now: Fraudulent activity on your checking account”. Though these tactics certainly aren’t limited to phishing emails, scammers also use these techniques in Smishing (SMS, or text phishing) and Vishing (voice phishing) attempts.
How to avoid falling victim to pressure:
The reason these attackers are often successful is because they‘re convincing the target to either avoid a negative consequence or gain something of value. Stop and think about the likelihood of the scenario before making the wrong move.
- Never open an attachment you weren’t expecting. Even if it appears to be from someone you know, pick up the phone to verify it’s legitimate.
- If the sender of the email is difficult to get in touch with or unwilling to speak on the phone, it’s likely a scam.
- If the sender requests that you send or receive money in unusual ways it’s probably a scam. For example, if they’re requesting a payment in the form of gift cards, don’t fall for it!
Stop Look Think - Don't be fooled
The KnowBe4 Security Team | <urn:uuid:020349d3-1187-4f9f-98dd-0aa280614536> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.lsbia.bank/identity-protection | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00471.warc.gz | en | 0.910965 | 2,587 | 1.960938 | 2 |
Wasted Health: The Tragic Case of Dumpsites
ISWA is pleased to announce the publication of a new report - Wasted Health: The Tragic Case of Dumpsites
The report has been presented today at the ISWA World Congress in Antwerp, Belgium. This excellent research done by ISWA’s STC Chair and Board Member Antonis Mavropoulos for the first time lays out how untreated waste is today leading to premature deaths, ill-health and stunted growth among millions of people. It is a condemning report, because no international aid, no international focus, is being made on this issue. And dumpsites are growing in size and number as cities grow in developing countries. They represent the most polluted sites on earth.
A dumpsite in Mumbai, India recently caught fire. This is the largest dumpsite in the city which receives over 4,000 tonnes of waste each day, so large that the fire could be seen from space. You can see the NASA'S satellite images in this fascinating video recently published by CNN. This emphasises the report's call for immediate action to combat the serious human and environmental health risks posed by dumpsites. | <urn:uuid:e746e5d8-4772-45ab-bbac-2c482c1f1eae> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.iswa.org/nc/home/news/news-detail/article/wasted-health-the-tragic-case-of-dumpsites/109/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281069.89/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00266-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.95407 | 241 | 2.4375 | 2 |
Army Aviation Hall of Fame 2007 Induction - Atlanta, GA
Retired BG John C. "Doc" Bahnsen Jr. graduated from the U.S. Military Academy with a commission in the Armor branch in 1956.
Following airborne training and his basic Armor officer course, he became an Army aviator in 1957.
In due course, Bahnsen became rated in both fixed wing and rotary wing aircraft, culminating in his transition into the new AH-1G Cobra gunship in 1968.
The combination of Bahnsen with the Cobra became one of the most lethal weapons systems of the Vietnam War.
He had the uncanny ability to be where the enemy least expected him to be, finding and killing them, then looking for more.
Bahnsen exploited that instinctive sixth sense with a combat effectiveness that knew no peers.
He did multiple combat tours where his 24/7 presence and leadership carved out new thresholds of aviation combat effectiveness, almost beyond emulation or replication by his peers in combat.
His awards and decorations included the Distinguished Service Cross, five Silver Stars, four Legions of Merit, three Distinguished Flying Crosses, the Bronze Star Medal with three Valor devices, two Purple Hearts, the Meritorious Service Medal; 50 Air Medals, three with Valor devices; and the three Army Commendation Medals, one for Valor.
He had his own mortality reminders and left several Cobra helicopters for recovery with extensive combat damage.
A warfighter with the warrior ethos, Bahnsen was always, always on the attack-attack-attack.
His tactics, techniques, practices and procedures literally re-wrote the book on the fly for future Army aviators to seize and surge to even higher levels of combat effectiveness.
No citation can really capture the incredible career of "Doc" Bahnsen, and his way-out-there stretching of one's career possibilities in Army aviation. | <urn:uuid:9259adca-8230-4f48-b159-fb050dbf2040> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.quad-a.org/index.php/37-pages/awardees/76-brigadier-general-john-c-bahnsen-jr-ret | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00561-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.960643 | 393 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Reza Shah: The Founder of Modern Iran?
Reza Shah Pahlavi (1878-1944) or commonly known as Reza Shah was one of the most dominating figures in the history of Iran. From being a common soldier to a king, he undoubtedly left his stamp on his country. He was responsible for the transformation of Iran into one of the most powerful nation in the Middle East. Despite this accomplishment, Reza Shah’s reign was marked by dictatorship and violence that eventually led to his exile in 1941.
Subsequently, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Reza Shah’s son to a second wife, inherited the throne and continued with his father’s “White Revolution,” a move that signaled Iran’s gradual Westernization through land reform and women’s suffrage. Like his father, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi’s efforts paved the way for the decline of rural Iran and the widening of the gap between the rich and the poor. However, the long time opposition of the religious clergies and other traditional Islamic forces were against the modernization of Iran. Among his most prominent opponents in his move towards modernization was Ayatollah Khomeini.
Mohammad Reza Shah continued the legacy of his father in international diplomacy, in which the United States and Great Britain were the primarily allies, but differences in policies forced the two Western powers to withdraw their support. On the other hand, Germany and Soviet Union were consistent with alliance. This paper shall delve on the life, career, rise to power, and eventual fall of Reza Shah Pahlavi, relating the positive or negative side of his ruling that charted the early developments of Iran.
The early life of Reza Shah
From the electronic book, the ‘The self-made King’, by Cyrus Ghani which was published in 1999 by Iranian Historical Archives web site, narrates the biography of Reza Shah Pahlavi. Based on the biography, Reza Shah was born on March 16th 1878 from the town of Alasht in the province of Savadkuh, Reza Shah was formerly named as “Reza Savad-Koohi” and became known as “Reza Khan” derived from his provincial birthplace. During his early life as an army, he renamed himself as Reza Khan, but eventually changed to “Reza Khan Mirpanj” after gaining military rank promotion. The military rank promotions have been consistent that made it to his position as Minister of War, and then again renamed himself as “Reza Khan Sardar Sepah”, naming after the Persian title position being the Head of the Armed Forces. The rise to power as the Shah of Persia has brought his surname as “Pahlavi” which was then known to Persians as Reza Shah Pahlavi (1).
The ancestry of Reza Shah can be traced in the late 17th century, having Mohammad Khan as the first member of the family. The family belonged to a small clan of Palani located in the Savadkuh province. Their clan has belonged from soldiers who contributed to the local armies. Reza Shah was the eldest son of Reza Khan. His grandfather, Morad Ali Khan, was an officer serving in the local provincial army regiment and died during a siege in Heart in 1848 (1).
In 1903, Reza Shah married Tajmah, a Hamadan native, who bore him a daughter they named Fatemeh. After their daughter’s death, he divorced Tajmah. In 1916, Reza Shah got married to Nimtaj, the eldest daughter of Teimour Khan, who was a Brigadier General serving in the regular army who traces their roots from Caucasus. From Nimtaj, Reza had four children that include Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, who became Crowned Prince in 1925 (Ghani Cyrus, February 1999). In 1922, Reza Shah had a third marriage with Turan Amir Soleimani, the daughter of Issa Majd Saltaneh, who was at that time was one of the most recognized men. A year later, after divorcing Turan, he married Esmat Dolatshahi as the fourth and last spouse, in which Reza Shah has four sons and a daughter (1).
Reza Shah: The Military Man
Ghani (1999) has also accounted the life of Reza Shah as a military man. Accordingly, through the efforts of his uncle, Abol Qasem, Reza Shah entered the Cossacks Brigade in 1893-94 at the age of 15. There are no current records documenting Reza’s service until 1911. It was believed that he served as a guard for the Dutch, Belgian, or German Legion.
In 1911, under the leadership of Farmanfarma, Reza Shah participated in battles against Salar al Dowleh who was trying to overthrow the Tehran Government in order to restore Mohammed Ali, his brother, to the throne. During that battle, he was elevated to the rank of First Lieutenant. In 1912, he was promoted to Captain because of his proficiency in handling machine guns (2). By 1915, Reza Shah was already recognized in the military service for his bravery. Because of this, he was frequently chosen by his senior officers to accompany them on their military expeditions. Soon his integrity, intelligence, and professionalism spread throughout Iran as well as other provinces. By this time, Reza Shah already had a rank of colonel (2).
Conspiracy with the Russians
Further in Ghani’s (1999) accounts, by 1918 Reza Shah has already caught the attention of the senior officers of the Iranian government and British delegation. His most important exploit was perhaps the role he played in the ouster of Col. Clerge, who was recently appointed by Kerensky to head the Cossack Division. Reza Shah conspired with the forces of Starosselsky in moves to remove Col. Clerge from his division.
The latter received false accusations for sympathizing with subordinate Russian officers. Although his intentions were not clear, the rebellion and secessionist movements in the northern part of Iran that was openly supported by the Bolsheviks which was the primary reason for his acceptance of the accusations hurled on Col. Clerge (3). As cited, another reason why he supported the move to oust Col. Clerge was because he was promised a promotion if he support Starosselsky. It was revealed in the newspaper Ra’ad published in 1918 that Reza Khan and a certain Col. Filartov have conspired for the removal of Col. Clerge from his command (3).
Upon the ouster of Col. Clerge, Reza Shah was promoted to the rank of Brigadier General. Accordingly, Reza Shah was also the “mastermind” behind other plots of removing top ranking military officials, similar to the ouster of Col. Clerge. More than his promotion, his new rank as Brigadier General has given him more ancillary benefits. Likewise, Reza Shah’s leadership of military campaigns in the Northern region of Persia has tagged him as a reputable and courageous military leader. However, his prominence and relations with the Russian officers eventually slowed down (3).
Alliance with the British
As further derived from the electronic book, in 1919 Reza Shah started to gain the attention of British senior officers represented by Gen. Dickson, who had a high regard for him. This was strengthened by the fact that Reza Shah showed his hostility towards the Russian Cossack officers (4). Reza Khan was highly sensitive with what was transpiring in his beloved country of Iran. During his childhood, he already showed disgust with the despicable condition of his country and army. And, as a young soldier who has experienced different battles, it bothered him most that it was the Russians and not the Persians who was running their country (4).
In ‘Encyclopedia of World Biography on Reza Shah Pahlavi’ electronic archive which was published in 2005, some officers of the Cossacks Brigade left with the exception of the White Russians who were still in-charge at the end of the Russian Revolution. By 1920, Reza took command of other Persian officers in removing the Russians from their command (1).
The Coup d’Etat and Rise to Power
As documented by the Encyclopedia of World Biography (2005), Reza Shah successfully ousted the government in Tehran on February 21st 1921, together with brilliant journalist Sayyed Ziya al-Din Tabatai who was part of the planning. Subsequently, Tabatai was positioned as Prime Minister and Reza Shah became the War Minister, as well as commander-in-chief of the armed forces. But, the two could not meet on certain goals and methods during the succeeding three months (1). Since Reza Shah was the most dominant figure during that time, Tabatai was forced to relinquish his position and went to exile. Ahmad Shad, the last among the Qajar kings appointed Reza Shah as Prime Minister before going on an indefinite leave for Europe (1).
In October of 1925, the entire Qajar Dynasty was overrun by Reza Shah’s men through a coup d’état, and Reza Shah ascended to the throne and become Iran’s new king in a couple of months. In April of 1926, he changed his name to Reza Shah Palavi and ushered in the Palavi Dynasty (2).
Reza Shah as Ruler of Iran
The electronic archive documentaries of Looklex Encyclopedia have featured ‘Reza Shah Pahlavi’ in 1996 which discusses the timeline of Reza Shah’s ruling in Iran. It cited from the documentaries that the strong personality and charismatic figure blends in Reza Shah’s character which was one of the principal reasons why he rose to power. And, aside from his political intelligence, he likewise capable of organizing and mobilizing people to rally behind his cause, as well adept to divide and weaken his opponents (1).
Reza Khan utilized a similar strategy used by Ataturk in Turkey for Westernization of Iran. One of his first moves was to establish a national civil service and a strong police force. At the same time, he initiated reforms to hasten the economic development of the country. Among the most important measures he initiated were the infrastructural establishment of Trans-Iranian Railway and the construction of 20,000 kilometers road trail (1).
To may Iranians, the rise to power of Reza Shah in 1921 symbolized the dawning of a new era in the history of Iran. His rise from being a soldier to a king is comparable to rise to power of French military man Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), and as well as the Swedish diplomat Folke Bernadotte (1895–1948). To note with comparison and contrast, Reza Shah’s rise to power similar to Napoleon Bonaparte and Folke Bernadotte have likewise glaring differences. First, Napoleon entered a military school prior to his ventures in the army. Like Reza Shah, Bernadotte was a soldier then a diplomat who ended up as a king, except that the latter ruled a foreign country. In contrast, Reza Shah rose from among the ranks and rules his very own people.
Rezah Shah’s national policies was characterized by two main characteristics namely nationalism and modernization. With this in mind, he was often compared to Peter the Great (1672-1725) of Moscow, who was responsible for leading Russia towards the path of modernization. Reza Shah was also compared to Turkey’s Kemal Ataturk (1881-1938) whose reform measures were similar to his (1).
According to the Iranian historian Reza Niazmand who authored ‘Reza Pahlavi the Great’ which was published in the electronic publication of Reza Phalavi web site in 2006, it is noteworthy to mention that prior to his reign as a king; Reza Shah had initiated steps that would establish a strong national government as well as expanding control over the country. He had a brilliant group of army officers and younger bureaucrats in his government, in which were mostly trained in Europe. Jointly, they implemented a comprehensive program of change that would map out Iran’s modernization (1)
In order to build a strong central authority, Reza Shah created 40,000 strong heterogeneous armed forces. In 1926, he convinced the Maljis to enact a law that would pave the way for the establishment of a universal military conscription. Throughout his reign, Rezah Shah used the army to strengthen his control as well as to pacify Iran and take control of the tribes. He used military force in settling with the tribes (2).
Internal and national reforms
In ‘The Era of Reza Shah 1921-1941’ from the electronic library of the US Library of Congress (1987), it accounted that one of the major concerns of Reza Shah’s government was to initiate internal and national reforms in Iran. He constructed roads, provided wireless service, and took over control of telegraph service from the British. His major accomplishment was the construction of the Trans-Iranian Railway which stretched from the Persian Gulf to the Caspian Sea. He did it without asking for any loan from foreign countries. Aside from that, he likewise established trade monopolies paving the way for limitations in the freedom of merchants. He likewise created the National Bank of Iran (1).
Reza Shah, like Shab Abbas I and Nader Shah, attempted to destroy the prestige and power of the clergy. His initial moves include partial discarding of Islamic laws, abandonment of Moslem education, and abolition of religious processions. Reza Shah likewise replaced the Islamic calendar with the old Persian-Zoroastrian solar calendar. Mosques were modernized and equipped with pews and pilgrimage to Mecca was discouraged (1).
In addition, Reza Shah instituted educational reforms which concluded the monopoly of clerics in the field of education. He codified laws establishing a body of secular laws, which were subjected to application and interpretation of a secular judiciary outside the power of religious establishment. Aside from that, he excluded clergies from becoming judges. Reza Shah established a system of secular courts (1). Moreover, Reza Shah transferred vital and lucrative tasks of notarizing records from the clergies to notaries. He implemented encroachments on the administration of vaafs as well as on the licensure of graduates of religious seminaries (1).
Socio-cultural and educational reforms
As additionally derived from the US Library of Congress (1987), the socio-cultural and educational reforms were another aspect in modernizing Iran. On personal identification of families, individual titles were abolished and people were required to select a family name. Men were required to wear European attire and headgear while the women were asked to remove their veil. In 1934, the University of Tehran was established as well as the Persian Academy, which was principally responsible for eliminating Arabic and other foreign words from the Persian language (2).
On March 21, 1935, Reza Shah issued a proclamation requesting foreign dignitaries to use the name Iran when making formal correspondences. Persia is a term “Iran” in the Persian language. Critics of the decree claimed that such move was culturally damaging and marked the separation of Iran from its ancient past. Iran literally means “Land of the Aryans” (2). Rezah Shah also spearheaded the Women’s Awakening Movement (1936-1941) which tackled the issue of “unveiling” of the women. The aim of this movement was to establish balance between emancipation and control of women (2).
Reza Shah even went to the extent of ordering his wife and daughter to appear in public without the veil as an example for other Iranian women. To ensure that there is strict enforcement of this policy, military officers were constantly going around (2). Aside from that, Reza Shah also planned to change the names of several towns and replace it with names of pre-Islamic kings and mythological heroes to eliminate Arabic words in the Persian language. It was the ultimate objective of the Pahlavi Dynasty to integrate secular nationalism (3).
The electronic history journal ‘Reza Shah Palavi’ of the Network of Iranian-American Society (2008) has documented that, in 1928 Reza Shah worked for the abolition of privilege of Europeans to become subjects of their own consular courts instead of Iranian courts. Due to his arousing suspicion of both Britain and the Soviet Union, he likewise circumscribed contacts with foreign embassies. The commercial policies being implemented in the Soviet Union during that time had already created adverse affects on Iran (1).
In 1932, Iran’s relation with Great Britain was strained after the former canceled their agreement with the latter as far as oil exportation of the Anglo-Persian Oil Company is concerned. Despite the signing of a fresh and better pact which was eventually signed, it did not meet the demands of Iran and left both sides disappointed. As a countermeasure for British and Soviet influence, Rezah Shah established German commercialism in Iran. Germany was established as the largest trading partner of Iran before World War II (1).
Reza Shah’s modernization plan for Iran was quite ambitious. He intended to develop large-scale industries, initiate infrastructure projects, build a cross country railroad, set-up a national public school system, implement reforms in the Iranian judiciary, and enhance health care. It was his belief that putting educated personnel in his strong and centralized government would auger well for his modernization plan (2).
He sent many Iranians, including his son, to Europe so that they can undergo training. For sixteen years, the numerous development projects that he initiated led to the urbanization of Iran. His projects saw the rapid progress of public education as well as the formation of new social classes namely a professional middle class and an industrial working class (2).
From the article ‘Iranian Nationalism’ by Pejman Yousefzadeh which was published in 2008 by Persian-Iranian Journal, Reza Shah was instrumental in shaping nationalism in Iran by integrating a distinctly secular ideology and minimizing the influence of Islam on the country. He was insistent with other countries to refer to Persia as Iran. Literally, the latter means “land of the Aryans.” By doing this, Reza Shah wanted to place emphasis on the racial distinction between Iranians on one hand and Arabians on the other (1).
According to Yousefzadeh (2008), even Reza Shah’s inclusion of Pahlavi in his name was meant to infuse Iranian nationalism. “Pahlavi” is derived from one of the Old Persian language, Pahlevan which means “champion”. The wrestling houses or zurkhaneh, on the other hand, were initially designed by Persians as a reaction to the Arab invasion which led to the spread of the Islamic practices. These houses likewise served as training grounds for Persian uprising against Arabian conquerors (1).
It was then perceived that Reza Shah wanted to transform Iran into a Republic prior to his rise to the throne. This was to emulate the efforts of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk of Turkey, who was successful in transforming his country into a secular republic. However, the Mullahs (Islam religious teachers) who were considered as defenders of the Shi’a Faith were against this move. But, most of Reza Shah’s projects were successful in limiting the role of Islam in Iran. With the establishment of strong Iranian armed forces, new military ranks and titles were comparable to the religious titles accorded to Mullahs (2).
Conflicts with the British
From the historical accounts of Pamela Maxson, author of ‘Muhammad Riza Shah Palavi’ which was published in 1999 by the Northern Virginia Community College Press, the Great Britain already showed great interest with Iran through the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company, even before Reza Shah ascended to the throne. This partnership provided benefits for both countries especially Iran, which received military and political support from the British government (1). However, throughout the reign of Reza Shah, he experienced constant conflicts with Great Britain which was due to the influence of the latter on the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (1).
In order to free himself from the influence of the British, Reza Shah secured an alliance with the Soviet Union and Germany. The latter accounted for forty percent of trading with Iran. There were many German advisors in the Iranian government and at the onset of the Second World War, Iran remained neutral (1). Although the British Empire had control of India, the Persian Gulf, and the Middle East, it was essentially for the purpose of maintaining status quo and not designed for capturing territories or using military or aggressive force. Great Britain’s desire on Iran was geared towards taking advantage of the economic benefits that it has achieved as a result of its partnership with Iran (2).
It may be reflected that Reza Shah considered the British influence as totally different from that of the Soviet Union, which was showing signs of aggressiveness. Thus, even when the breaking of the oil agreement between the British and Iranian government created tension between their foreign relations, both parties handled the situation with rational minds and restrain.
The Soviet Threat
As further cited from the historical accounts of Maxson (1999), one of the major crises that marked Reza Shah’s reign was the continuous threat of Soviet Union. The gradual advance of the Soviet Red Army in the northern provinces of Iran endangered the integrity of the entire state (2).
Prior to his ascencion to power, the Soviets were already attempting to assemble a separatist Communist government in Gilan province. With the help of military as well as diplomatic countermeasures, the Soviet threat was concluded with the signing of the Soviet-Iranian Treaty on February 1921 which consequently paved the way for the pull out of Soviet troops from the territory of Iran (2). However, the negotiation of the Iranian diplomats in Moscow called was initiated when Reza Shah was not yet in full command of the country and was spearheading military operations between the Northern rebels and their Soviet comrades (3).
Balancing Soviet and British Influence
In ‘History of Modern Iran’ 1999 electronic publication of Mid East Web, it cited that Reza Shah was willing to work hand in hand with neighboring countries which were getting weary of potential Soviet expansion and attack, in his pursuit of protecting their independence and security,. In 1937, Reza Shah joined a regional alliance called Saadabad Pact with other countries like Turkey, Afghanistan, and Iraq. At this point in time, Reza Shah was already decided to look for a third party as a means of escape from the threat of the Soviet Union as well as the influence of Great Britain (1).
Similar to the 1911 experiment wherein Morgan Shuster, an American expert, was invited to assist in the reorganization of Persia’s finances, Reza Shah invited Dr. Arthur Chester Millspaugh to help in the reorganization of Iran’s treasury. At the same time, he appointed Dr. Kurt Lindenblatt, a German, as governor of the National Bank of Iran (1).
Likewise, he invited several German technicians as advisers in the development of Iranian industry and communications. While their invitation to the United States and Germany was in no way a move towards establishing military or political alliance with the two countries, Reza Shah saw this as a crucial factor in limiting Iran’s dependence to Soviet Union and Britain (1). During his reign, Reza Shah tried to avoid being involved with Great Britain and the Soviet Union. Although many of his development programs demanded the technical expertise of foreign engineers, as much as possible he awarded contracts to non-British and non-Soviet companies.
Although the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company was operated by the British, and thus had control of Iran’s oil fields, Reza Shah still avoided the British and looked into European countries such as Germany, France, Italy, among others for technical advice. When Iran declared its neutrality at the onset of World War II, the British insisted that the German engineers and technicians were spies and called for the expulsion of the Germans. Reza Shah did not give in to the call saying that it would compromise his development programs. The British aroused suspicion because Reza Shah has secretly forged a pact with the Nazi Germans (1).
The fall of Reza Shah
The Mid East Web (1999) further accounted that at the onset Reza Shah had popular public support for his efforts to restore order, unify the country, and strengthen national independence as well as on his economic and educational reforms. However, while he achieved success in all of these, Reza Shah began to take away the powers of the Majles (members of parliament). Likewise, he started to muzzle the press, and arrested critics of his administration. The police chiefs under his government were notoriously harsh. Religious leaders were either imprisoned or exiled (2).
In 1936, the government and religious leaders experienced their worst confrontation. As worshippers were protesting the reforms being initiated by Reza Shah, the troops destroyed the sanctity of Imam Reza’s shrine in Mashhad. The incident led to the death of twelve worshipers and injury to many protesters. In addition, Reza Shah likewise ordered the killing of powerful tribal chiefs. Bureaucrats who were gaining power were likewise put to death. His minister of court and close confidant Abdul-Hosain Teimurtash was imprisoned and silently executed (2).
As time passed by, Reza Shah began to amass huge parcels of land. The tax policies that he is applying proved too much for peasants and the lower classes. This resulted to the landowners having control of lands and the peasant situation deteriorated during the reign of Reza Shah. By the middle of the 1930s, the people were becoming hugely dissatisfied with their leader (2).
It may be interpreted that if there was one weakness that consumed Reza Shah, was perhaps his desire to become wealthy, particularly real estate. In his desire to acquire property, there was a time that he relied on other people who in turn amassed wealth for themselves; as a self made man, he the tendency to delegate his authority to other people. Compared to other reformers, Reza Shah lacked ideology, party, and well-defined program. Since he was totally in control of every aspect in his life, he had to learn how to improvise and decide on the spot as he saw fit. Although he had a superficial idea of modernization, Reza Shah was able to influence the country to realize the need for change, without which modernization is unlikely.
By the late 1930s, Reza Shah’s reign was marked by despotism and dislike. The Majiles, the Iranian Parliament, disagreed with his decrees. Likewise, freedom of the press was suppressed and political leaders such as Mossadegh and Teymourtash were incarcerated or killed instantly. Any exercise of democracy was quickly quashed. The urban middle class, managers, and technocrats were treated with an Iron Fist because the industries owned by the state were unproductive and ineffective. The bureaucracy whom he initially established began to crumble as anyone who disagreed with his whims was imprisoned at a time when Reza Shah likes (2).
In addition, he took away the lands of the Qajar Dynasty (ruling family of Iran in the period 1796-1925) as well as from his rivals and added it into his own estates. Corruption and institutionalization found its way in Reza Shah’s government. He completely relied on the military and army, which constantly received half of public revenue just to keep them loyal. While the landed upper class were no longer influential during Reza Shah’s reign, his main opponents did not come from the gentry but were composed of Iranian tribes, clerics, as well as the new breed of young intellectuals (2).
It may be said that throughout the term of Reza Shah, the accomplishments of his vested interests would not have been possible without his military officers. Reza Shah knew that he would be criticized for his reform measures which are the reason for the implementation of a ban on criticism. He strengthened his army to ensure the security of the country but in the process a number of officers resorted to tyranny and suppression of the masses.
The Rise of Mohammed Reza Shah Pahlavi
In this section of the paper, it may be also important to discuss the transition of the Reza Shah Pahlavi regime, as it was tossed to his son Mohammad Reza Pahlavi who inherited the regime after the exile of his father in 1941.
As again derived from the US Library of Congress (1987), it accounted that during the German invasion of Russia in World War II, the Allied forces accused Reza Shah of collaborating with the Germans. In 1941, the Allies demanded that Iran cut its ties with Germany and expel the German advisors (3). At that point in time, Iran was already an important partner for oil and was considered the best supply route to Russia. Due to Reza Shah’s failure to comply with the terms of the Russo-British Plan of using Iran as a supply route as well as his refusal to expel the Germans in Iran, the British and Russians jointly invaded Iran on August 26, 1941.
Meanwhile, Great Britain and the Soviet Union was worried that Reza Shah would align his oil-rich state with the Germans during the Second World War. However, the strongest motive of the Allied invasion was Reza Shah’s decision to remain neutral as well as his refusal to let Russians use Iran as training and supply depot for its war campaign against the Germans.
For that reason, Winston Churchill gave Iran the nickname; “The Bridge to Victory” (3). During the Russian and British invasion of Iran, the Persian Army was no match for the joint forces and was easily overran. The combined forces of the Soviets and British found their way into Iran using a massive air, land, and sea assault. Reza Shah could not believe the news that 15 Iranian divisions waved the white flag without giving it a good fight. Likewise, some of his troops decided to disperse and leave their posts while those left behind were held captives by the Allies (3).
The vaunted strong military of Reza Shah put up little resistance and hostilities lasted for less than a week. The Iranian king had no other alternative but to abdicate his throne in favor of Muhammad Reza Shah Palavi, his son. After his abdication, Reza Shah was forced into exile. Initially, he fled to Mauritius and then to Johannesburg, South Africa, where he either died or was poisoned by British agents on July 26, 1944. It was Reza Shah’s son who added the title “The Great” to his father’s name (3).
There was still discontent in the new Iranian government as a result of the continued influence of the British in the country’s oil industry. On April 29, 1951, Muhammad Mosaddeq was appointed Prime Minister primarily due to his spearheading moves to remove British influence and nationalize the oil industry. A couple of years later, Mosaddeq successfully nationalized the oil industry of Iran. Mossadeq became a popular figure in Iran and protests actions forced Mohammed Reza to go into exile (3).
However, the United States realized that Mohammed Reza was the only leader capable of stabilizing the Middle East. Using the CIA, they devised a plan to oust Mosaddeq and after only a day in exile, Mohammed Reza regained his throne. In 1963, the Pahlavi Dynasty initiated the White Revolution, the first step in Mohammed Reza’s efforts to Westernize and modernizes Iran. However, the gap between the rich and the poor widened. Aside from that, the Iranian oil industry was not generating enough wealth to be equally disseminated to the people. Opposition for the Shah was gaining ground lead by Ayatollah Khomeini (3).
The Legacy of Reza Shah
From this section, we would recall the discussions on the legacy of Reza Shah, wherein some of his development programs were highly criticized for being wasteful and being pro-British. For instance, Reza Shah decided to forego the economically-benefiting construction of an east-west railway system in favor of a north-south system simply because the British wanted to move their troops to Russia and the Indian subcontinent as part of their defensive strategy. It may be noted that one negative aspect of modernization that Reza Shah failed to address was public health. Historical accounts from previous references tell that most of the cities in Iran had no access to modern medicine and sanitation. Additionally, there was high incidence of infant mortality, from which Tehran had less than 40 registered doctors.
Reza Shah was the first Iranian king after 1,400 years to honor the Jews by praying to the Torah and bowing when he toured the Jewish community of Isfahan. This boosted the self-esteem of the Jews in Iran which prompted them to make Reza Shah their second most respected Iranian leader next to King Cyrus the Great. On the positive aspect of his ruling, the efforts of rebuilding, unifying, and strengthening Iran was considered by many as a gargantuan task that required much time and energy. One cannot help but be amazed by the strength of Reza Shah in instituting social and cultural reforms amidst fierce opposition from sectors with vested interests.
We may also remark to support the findings that Reza Shah ushered in what is called “meritocracy” (which means system advancement is according to individual capability or success), referring to the political leadership of Reza Shah. It can be noted that his government has inherited wealth, earmarked international linkages, economic competence and performance. The main thrust of his government was to transform a lethargic society into an active and enlightened citizenry.
From the electronic article of Chris Pearson (2009), entitled: ‘Jottings on Gholam Reza Afkhami’s the Life and Times of the Shah’ which was published by WordPress.Com, he wrote and described the positive findings on the legacy of Reza Shah Pahlavi, as follows:
· The contributions made by Reza Shah to modernization efforts in Iran were invaluable and were far greater than the criticisms he received from his detractors;
· There is an underlying reason when it comes to Mossadegh and the infamous coup that ousted him;
· There is an underlying reason when it comes to Mossadegh and the infamous coup that ousted him;
· The government’s dream of establishing a “Great Civilization” resulted to an alternative modernity amidst the grandeur of ancient Persia and the promise of Westernization in the field of science and politics.
It can be recalled that prior to Reza Shah’s ruling, Persia was at the mercy of the feudal system being enforced by the Qajar Dynasty, which in return made capitulations with one foreign power to another. As a result, the feudal lords basically surrendered Persian sovereignty to the Soviets and the British, who was essentially in control of several aspects in the country.
At the same time, the rulers of the Qajar Dynasty were more worried about keeping their foreign paid “subsidies” than protecting the interest of Iran and improving conditions of the citizens. In contrast, Reza Shah stepped forward against the feudal lords and foreign countries. Despite all the criticisms being hurled at him, the reforms he initiated created a positive effect on Iran. To this very day, ordinary Iranians are still reaping the benefits of Reza Shah’s legacy.
While the Qajar rulers made no moves to fight British and Russian influence, Reza Shah refused to surrender his nationalism and just allow the British and Russians to interfere in his country’s affairs. So present day Iranians owe a lot to Reza Shah. When Reza Shah agreed to abdicate his throne, Iran was back to where they were before—in turmoil and under foreign occupation. At first, the British thought of installing Crown Prince Hamid Mirza Qajar and in the process reinstating the Qajar Dynasty. However, they decided to go for Mohammed Reza Palavi since there was not an instance wherein a previously ousted dynasty assumed power again. Another reason is that Hamid Mirza was not able to communicate in Persian.
Upon assumption of power, the very first thing on Mohammed Reza Palavi’s agenda was to improve and promote its oil industry. He sought the help of the AIOC in getting better terms for Iran until it is capable to independently handle its oil market. However, Dr. Mossadeq was not a staunch supporter of Iran’s gradualism so that when he initiated radical steps to nationalize oil, the economic well-being of Iran was set aside. London, for its part, took Iran out of the oil industry picture as well as launching an oil embargo against Iran.
Eventually, the government of Mohammed Reza Pelavi began opposing him and moved for the ouster of Mossadeq which had the backing of huge segments of the Iranian community. So with Mossadeq out of the picture, it paved the way for Mohammad Reza Pahlavi’s gaining prestige, popularity, and confidence as a ruler and focus on his father’s dream of turning Iran into an industrialized state.
Throughout his life, Reza Shah was focused on turning Iran into an industrialized state which he called “Great Civilization” which looks back to its roots and ancient culture while looking forward to a bright future ahead. Reza Shah worked so hard to diversify Iran’s economic wealth and establish a private sector which would eventually take over the place of oil as the foundation of Iranian economy.
Although Reza Shah may have been too ambitious and aggressive, the situation called for it. His aggressiveness was quite evident in several areas of their economy: a rapidly growing GDP, vastly improved literacy rates, the birth of a manufacturing sector, and the establishment of a natural gas line expanding from the Gulf to the Soviet Union. One of the biggest legacies of Reza Shah was the emancipation of women from being a second-class citizen to becoming a productive member of Iran’s political and socio-economic development.
Discussions on positive and negative points
As previously mentioned throughout the overall discussions, we may as well highlight the findings on the positive and negative points of Reza Shah Pahlavi’s legacy in modernizing Iran.
It can be perceived that the rise to power of Reza Shah Pahlavi was ushered by his strong desires to contribute socio-cultural-economic-political development in Iran, which was entangled from the Qajar Dynasty. Thus, it positively brought him with some motivations to raising himself from the ranks-and-file of the Persian army, wherein he succeeded at the long run. For Reza Pahlavi, his capabilities have long reached the successful turn of events, until the time he has risen to power. Again, the positive response of Reza Shah has depicted in social restructuring, from which he patterns the “mapping out” of modernizing Iran similar to his Western allies. As mentioned, one of the modernization efforts have been indicated in establishing the infrastructural programs, like the construction of road networks and the train as one of the means of transportation.
It can be reflected that in a country where poverty is tried to be responded must indicate the basic requirements of the citizenry, as exemplified by providing the basic transportation and communication infrastructure in order to continuously and consistently access the flow of economic resources. From which, the flow of economic supply chain would augment the poverty situation of provinces which can have the accessible means of marketing or supplying their local products. In which case, the regional and provincial economic programs of Reza Shah Manifests in his social-infrastructural mapping, interlinking the provinces and regions of Iran.
In a sense, the positive fundamental governance of Reza Shah could have been hampered by circumstantial events within his government or the political system. Like many other countries and governments, the opposition is another stakeholder with vested interests; be it socio-cultural, economic or political. But, it was evident in Iran that being a Muslim country, the traditional and ideological cultures have sought to position during Reza Shah’s national campaigns for modernizing Iran.
On the negative side, the system of governance has eventually diminished from “public trust”, as it was also tried to be taken advantage by the opposition Islamic groups who dared to oppose the modernization. In return, Reza Shah’s governance has tightened the state policies, from the government was tagged as tyrannical. In a sense, the tyranny could have not been felt in the national manifestation of political power, only if the traditional Islamic forces [like of Ayatollah Khomeini and other opposition groups] were rendered with political negotiations. In summary, the reign to power of Reza Shah has ushered the attempts of modernization, but it failed in a country where religious fundamentalism is popularly entangled.
It was historically proven that the reign of Reza Shah could have transformed the societal development of Iran. From this point of view, it also correlates on the situation that a governmental leadership spearheads the critical developmental change of a country. At hindsight, the “political will” of Reza Shah could have threatened the Muslim country that was not yet ready to accept the Western civilizations, from which the doors for international relations have attempted to be opened, but many have turned their backs to the future development of a country in a modernized world. In conclusion, Iran may have retained the goodwill of Reza Shah, but for a few fundamentalist would try to forget the historical procedures of modernizing an Islamic society.
Encyclopedia of World Biography. “Reza Shah Pahlavi Biography”. 2005. 02 May 2009 <http://www.bookrags.com/biography/reza-shah-pahlavi/>
Ghani, C. “Iran and the Rise of Reza Shah”. 1999. Iranian.Com. 02 May 2009 <http://www.iranian.com/History/Feb99/RezaShah/born>
Looklex Encyclopedia. “Reza Shah Palavi.”. 1996. 02 May 2009 <http://looklex.com/e.o/pahlavi1.htm>
Mid East Web. “History of Modern Iran”. 1999. 02 May 2009. <http://www.mideastweb.org/iranhistory.htm>
Maxson, P. “Muhammad Riza Shah Palavi”. 1999. Northern Virginia Community College Press. 02 May 2009 <http://novaonline.nvcc.edu/eli/evans/his135/events/shah80.htm>
Pearson, C. “Jottings on Gholam Reza Afkhami’s The Life and Times of the Shah”.
2009. Iranian Freedom. 02 May 2009
Reza, N. Reza Shah the Great”. 2008. Farah Palavi.Org. 02 May 2009 <http://www.farahpahlavi.org/rezashah.html>
US Library of Congress. “The Era of Reza Shah: 1921-1941”. 1987. 02 May 2009 <http://www.country-data.com/cgi-bin/query/r-6384.html>
Yousefzadeh, P. “Iranian Nationalism.” 2008. Persian-Iranian Journal. 02 May 2009 <http://www.iranian.ws/iran_news/publish/article_24783.shtml> | <urn:uuid:17953b1d-f917-4329-9257-1747f8375d9b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://graduateway.com/reza-shah-the-founder-of-modern-iran/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280292.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00344-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.980087 | 9,089 | 3.25 | 3 |
What is the spiritual meaning of a hole in the ear?
Our bodies are special and unique to each of us.
Throughout history, there have been many practices that use different aspects of our bodies to tell fortunes, get insight into our personalities, and predict our life paths.
One marking is called the preauricular sinus, which is a small hole that exists above the ear.
Not everyone has this marking, but for the ones that do, some believe it has a spiritual meaning.
There are certain regions of the world where the mark is more common, such as Africa and Asia, but it can be found in populations all over the world.
Usually, someone might only have one hole in their ear, but there have been rare instances of people having one in each of their ears.
If you’ve ever noticed a small pit above your ear, read along to discover the hidden meanings that may ring true for you.
The Spiritual Meaning Of Hole In the Ear:
A hole on or near your ear may represent an extra source of “hearing.”
This hearing may not be audible but it does signify that you are able to pick up on more information around you than others.
You may be clairvoyant or have any of the other extrasensory abilities.
Throughout your life, you may seem to know what others are thinking without them saying anything.
Or you may have strong feelings regarding the future with no logical reasoning other than your intuition.
This is because of the special marking you’ve been gifted to you at birth.
A sign of Abundance and Status
Having a hole in your ear, naturally, was said to be a marker of future wealth and abundance.
People born with this quality are known for living lavish lives.
A lesson these people will have to learn in their lifetime is how to share what they’ve obtained with others.
When we are given something, such as a destiny for abundance or wealth, we are given this opportunity to help others.
These people may naturally be very generous and selfless people, the kind that would give you the shirt off their back if you truly needed it.
These qualities set them up for being able to selflessly handle the abundance they are destined to receive in the future.
Throughout different parts of the world, ear piercing has always been very popular. In some areas of the world, an ear-piercing even signifies abundance.
The Universe Speaks to You
Some believe this extra marking of the ear represents the channel through which the universe or God is able to communicate with you.
These people are often very wise and may have been considered old souls when they were children.
They don’t seem to get caught up in the motion of society.
These people are divinely guided and given the information needed to overcome challenges and lessons that most people aren’t given.
This is due to their role within this lifetime.
These people are often destined to accomplish something that changes the way others think or function within the world.
In order for them to achieve this, they have to have extra guidance and understanding, otherwise, they would get swept up in the different avenues of life–as many of us do.
The hole in your ear means you are lucky. It is a sign of good luck. In some cultures, it is thought to be a sign that you are blessed with good health and long life.
The hole is also said to protect you from harm.
Many cultures believe that those who had this mark are divinely protected and often protected by the people in their lives.
There is usually a spiritual reason why these people have this marking.
They will seem to have all the luck in the world, gaining advantages, and seeming to avoid disasters easily.
ALSO READ: Heartless Person Signs
Ear piercing is a popular practice, especially among young people.
While many view ear piercings as a fashion statement, there is often a spiritual meaning behind the decision to pierce certain parts of the body.
For example, many people believe that piercing the ears has spiritual significance.
One of the most common interpretations of ear piercing is that it is a way to show respect for the divine.
Other interpretations include showing respect for ancestors or as a part of an initiation ceremony.
Other methods of body piercing including genital and nipple piercing are more controversial.
There are many different interpretations of what a hole in your ear means. In Hinduism, the ear is a significant part of the body.
Ear piercing is a popular practice among Hindus and can be worn as an accessory to signify wealth.
Piercing the ear is also a sign of respect for the divine.
Many Hindu women wear earrings that are made from gold or silver.
They are often studded with diamonds.
The most famous way that the ear is worn in Hinduism is as a mark of marriage or to signify a woman’s status in society.
The ear is also used in many different Hindu rituals, such as marriage ceremonies and rites of passage.
For example, the ears of a child are pierced to signify that he or she is now old enough to be married.
If you or something you know has preauricular sinus, take what resonates from this article and try to see if you have any special abilities or seemingly graceful luck that may have gone unnoticed.
Image source – https://pixabay.com/photos/girl-makeup-beautiful-eyes-hair-2366438/
ALSO READ: The spiritual meaning of the name WALTER | <urn:uuid:df6923aa-5541-4ae2-b001-b8bf3a9b79c3> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.awakeningstate.com/spiritual-awakening/what-is-the-spiritual-meaning-of-a-hole-in-the-ear/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570879.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809003642-20220809033642-00669.warc.gz | en | 0.967736 | 1,180 | 1.9375 | 2 |
Cowhorn Orchid,Cigar Orchid,Bee-swarm Orchid (Cyrtopodium punctatum)
Part of the Florida's Native and Naturalized Orchids WebsiteClassification:
Kingdom: Plantae - Plants
Subkingdom: Tracheobionta - Vascular Plants
Superdivision: Spermatophyta - Seed plants
Division: Magnoliophyta - Flowering plants
Class: Liliopsida - Monocotyledons
Subclass: Liliidae - Subclass containing lily and orchid relatives
Order: Orchidales - Orchid order
Family: Orchidaceae - Orchid Family
Subfamily: Epidendroideae -
Tribe: Cymbidieae - Cymbidium tribe.
Subtribe: Cyrtopodiinae - Cyrtopodium and related
Summary: Medium-large epiphytic orchids with deciduous growths. New leaves are papery and strongly plicate. Over winter, the leaves are lost, leaving old pseudobulbs wrapped in papery sheaths. These resemble cow horns or cigars, leading to the common names for this species. New flowering stems emerge almost simultaneously with new growth to expand to multi-branched panicles up to three feet (1 meter) long. Flowers are a mix of purple, red, orange and yellow in color, each about an inch (2.5 cm) across.
Common Name: Cowhorn Orchid,Cigar Orchid,Bee-swarm Orchid
Habitat: Epiphytic in swamps of the Big Cypress Swamp and Everglades. Favors cypress and buttonwood trees, often growing quite low on the tree.
Flowering season: March through May (peaking in May)
This was once a fairly common orchid in Florida, growing low primarily on cypress trees in relatively accessible swamps. Over the years, many wagon- and car-loads of this species were removed from the swamps and sold, leading to its relative rarity today. Indeed, there are probably fewer of this species than of the Ghost Orchid (Dendrophylax lindenii), at least in accessible areas of the swamp. There are large tracts of the Big Cypress that cannot be easily reached, and it is hoped that more Cigar Orchids grow there unhampered by human interference.
Plants can reach spectacular sizes when left undisturbed, with each growth producing several new growths over its lifetime. There are few sights to rival one of these large specimen plants in flower. Their growths are deciduous like many species in the related Catasetum and Cycnoches genera, the leaves lasting only one season. One interesting feature of the leaves when they dry is that the mid-vein has a shearing diagonal weak spot that breaks off with the shed leaf, leaving behind a very sharp thorn attached to the leaf base sheath that visitors should best avoid.
The flowers themselves are quite ornate, consisting of three heavily curled sepals with a golden base color barred and spotted with purple. The tri-lobed lip tends toward a red color with a yellowish callus on the center lobe. The petals are mostly yellow with purple spots. In mid-afternoon, the flowers emit a fresh floral fragrance which attracts numerous bumblebees to the plant. The vision of one particularly large plant in full sunshine with a gentle breeze blowing, the floral scent wafting by and the sound of buzzing bumblebees has left an indelible impression in my memory.
Copyright © 2008 Prem Subrahmanyam, All Rights Reserved.
No Text or Images from this web site may be used, in whole or in part, without the express permission of the author. | <urn:uuid:2ace3798-ed0f-4121-8abe-0f40ebe5e47f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.flnativeorchids.com/natives_gallery/cyrtopodium_punctatum.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283689.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00349-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.884372 | 793 | 2.84375 | 3 |
At his blog, Dekhnstan, Nasser Weddady puts the conflict in Mali in historical context. The idea that the current fighting is fallout from the NATO intervention in Libya has been popularized by Glenn Greenwald and others, yet that analysis conveniently ignores the fact that the jihadi presence in northern Mali, long pre-dated Gaddafi’s fall.
By the time Qadhafi’s regime in Libya fell, northern Mali had been home to Jihadi elements that left Algeria a decade earlier after being thoroughly defeated in the civil war. By 2002, remnants of Algeria’s GIA [from which GSPC (Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat) splintered and later changed its name to Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM)] found sanctuary behind the borders away from their nemesis the Algeria’s army. They were also attracted by the allure of making easy money by partnering in the flourishing Saharan smuggling commerce. Drugs, tobacco, weapons and stolen cars provided a lucrative alternative to war.
Jihadis made new and strange bedfellows in that period. Mali, Algeria, Mauritania and Senegal army officers started to skim off the new source of wealth. Getting a cut from the smuggling revenues in exchange for looking the other way was the the policy for almost a decade. Jihadis venture capitalism extended to an even more lucrative business: kidnapping western hostages all over the Sahara yielded over 90 Million Euros over a decade. Unlike the conspiracy theorists and snake oil merchants claim, things are a tad more complex in reality, and at times, even more unflattering to our world’s big powers.
Time and again, European nations chose to negotiate, and pay ransom money. Germany, Italy, Spain, France cut deals with hostage takers not thinking much of it. After all, Europe’s politicians thought the savages were deep in the Sahara and did not pose much of a threat beyond their forsaken deserts. Or at best, let the Malians deal with them. Complacency was Europe’s strategy.
Slowly but surely, the region became a Jihadi Eldorado. The modus operandi was very simple: why get killed trying to create an Islamist emirate in “apostate-ruled” neighboring countries when you can build your own sanctuary AND have the West pay for it? Even better, now that you are flush with cash, blend into the local communities. Those whom you cannot buy, you marry. To Azawadis the offering was: Bamako [the Mali government] cannot build you a water well? Here’s a cash wad of Euros, go build it yourself.
Once the nexus was set up, there was no going back. The joint Franco-Mauritanian operations of 2010 and 2011 were just grandiose hostage release operations. By then, the United States had been pursuing its own classical approach of throwing money at problems it cannot deal with. Development programs were set up in Mali to reward the democratic progress. Military assistance in the form of training for the Malian military was ongoing. The US even tried very hard to get the neighboring countries to start a meaningful cooperation.
Algerians were miffed by the suggestion that they should be told what to do about their own security. Morocco was scheming and trying to make itself relevant in a problem it has nothing to do with just to score points over Algeria. Burkina Faso and Mauritania were fighting their own covert wars by proxy. Mali’s government was doing nothing meaningful about the Jihadis in Azawad. Instead it was locked in a war of words with Mauritania’s General Aziz who seemed intent on humiliating then President Amadou Toumni Touré for daring to oppose his coup of 2008.
When it was not busy blogging from Germany on its Maghrebia news website, America’s Africa Command (Africom) in charge of the Sahel region, was in earnest trying to make sense of this maze of interests, pushing for a regional command to deal with the lawless mess that Azawad was slowly progressing.. All things considered, these efforts’ ultimate outcome is not encouraging because yet again their premise is profoundly flawed: no country around Mali, or in West Africa has the muscle, nor the will to engage in an open war which in essence is a nation-building exercise.
All of these schemes and plans became moot by the time Ansar Dine’s columns pushed south from its Azawadi sanctuary. The skeleton of an untested idea became a doctrinal principle in France’s Operation Serval: we will stop the Jihadis, but the Africans will have to go north and defeat the enemy– said France. This plan of an ECOWAS force that will spearhead the fight with the backing of the African Union, and the necessary paperwork from the UN Security Council is a recipe for disaster. Rotten and corrupt militaries, commanded by equally corrupt leaders cannot be a credible partner once the shooting starts. This line of thinking owes a lot more to post-colonial discourses than it does to the practical matter of drying out the northern Malian jihadi swamp.
The other principle complicating matters is Africa’s biggest taboo. Today, no one is willing to recognize that Mali, like most of Africa, is an artificial construct. Just like the Middle East’s levant, countries were created without much thought of whether they made sense for those destined to live in them. Ethnic groups with competing cultures were condemned to live in them. Maybe they will end up making sense in the future, but just as in Mali, that will cost a lot of blood and treasure. [Continue reading…] | <urn:uuid:540a7145-0478-4ea3-b464-eb07f3aee921> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://warincontext.org/2013/01/21/mali-a-disaster-50-years-in-the-making/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719136.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00467-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.970391 | 1,182 | 1.953125 | 2 |
Facts About the Corona Virus
With the recent outbreak of the Corona Virus, I wanted to make available information and resources to answer your questions. Knowledge and education are our best tools to keep ourselves and others healthy. Actions we take to prevent the spread of the flu virus will help to minimize the spread of the Corona Virus as well.
The Center for Disease Control offers steps individuals and communities can take to help minimize the risk of COVID-19 spread. Practice everyday preventive actions such as:
- Performing frequent hand hygiene using hand sanitizer; or if visibly soiled, washing hands with soap and water,
- Covering your cough and sneezes,
- Avoiding ill people,
- Staying home when sick (except to seek medical care).
Everyone can do their part to reduce spread of rumors. Let people know that viruses cannot target people from specific populations, ethnicities, or racial backgrounds. Being of Asian descent does not increase the chance of getting or spreading COVID-19.
Please feel free to contact me if I can be of assistance.
The links below will help to answer your questions.
The basics about Corona Virus – https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html#basics
What you need to know about the Corona Virus –
Symptoms of Corona Virus – https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/COVID19-symptoms.pdf
What to do if you are sick with the Corona Virus –
How you can help prevent the spread – https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/stop-the-spread-of-germs.pdf
How CDC Protects and Prepares Communities –
References: Center for Disease Control | <urn:uuid:7e2ed0b8-e600-4ed0-a2ee-15c08805e375> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://sttimothylutheran.com/facts-on-virus1/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572215.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815235954-20220816025954-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.845675 | 491 | 3.296875 | 3 |
How did signing of casts start?
Asked by Trance24 (3301) January 18th, 2008
Where did this originate from? I never really knew why everyone signed someones cast after they broke a bone. Anybody know?
Observing members: 0 Composing members: 0
This question is in the General Section. Responses must be helpful and on-topic.
Wow! You've got 847 knowledge matches!Want to see them? Join Fluther! | <urn:uuid:cbd74638-767f-45dd-9515-fac7aa22763b> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.fluther.com/5437/how-did-signing-of-casts-start/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00513-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.949237 | 98 | 1.773438 | 2 |
Elephind.com contains 35,190 items from Warracknabeal Herald
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MR. J. N. GIDDON'S FORECASTS FLOODS IN MARCH. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 20 January 1914
MR. J. N. GIOOON'S FORECASTS FLOODS IN MARCH. South Australia's well known pro. phot Is, ns usual, up to dnto with a 'forecast for J 914. Our readers iviu And plenty of variety—even to snow 111 April. It will bo disappointing to And Hint wo are to liavo a poor har vest, though tills is. somewhat at vari ance with Mr. Wragge'a prediction n\ule .a few years back, which listed three" relatively dry seasons, which ended last year, and tour or live good seasons to follow. Here Is Mr. (lid don's programme : — "In New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia,' and Tasmania the year opens fine and hot; but the mill, die of January will experience a nion soonal depression, accompanied with oppressive, sultriness and thunder storms, after which it will be com paratively cool for a low days. "Warming up again, It will bn (Hw and warm until the middle of Febru ary, when there will bo wind and sonic cool showers. Fine weather will pre vail during the latter part of Kebru. ary. "March opens sultry,...
TRIP TO QUEENSLAND. A VISITOR'S IMPRESSIONS. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 20 January 1914
TRIP TO QUEENSLAND. A VISITOR'S IMPRESSIONS. A correspondent writes :—When in Queensland lately, my wlta and I put In ft few days In Roma, which is n town somewhat approximating to Warracknabeal in the matter of size. Still, it possesses 13 hotels. What would the local option people of Vic toria say to that? The town lias a , good water supply, obtained' from a bore, put down on some rising ground just outside the building radius, and conveyed through the town in pipes. The water'is quite warm in the bore, and it is possible to have either a. cold or a warm bath with tills water, as one may require. The first flow out of the tap in the bathroom is cold, but after a bit, as it Is allowed to run, it gradually becomes warmer, until it al most becomes hot. There used to be a gas bore close to the water bore,, from which the town received its illu minating power, but one day, through someone's carelessness, the gas caught alight, and the lighting of the town by means of natural gas was t...
THE RAND STRIKE. MEN RESUMING WORK. JOHANNESBURG, Saturday. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 20 January 1914
THE RAND STRIKE. MEN RESUMING WORK. JOHANNESBURG, Saturday. Complete calm, now prevails throughout South Africa, and the stri kers eevrywhere are streaming back to work. The Trades Hall at Johannesburg is guarded by armed sentries, and the Union Jack is flying over the building. •Jjjt is understood that there will be no relaxation of martial law restric tions or alteration in military dispo* sitions until the strike is absolutely ended, and normal conditions ars restored. . The authorities are considering the prosecution of 43 principals in the Salt River strikers under the Railway Service Act One Trades Hall leader was arres ted and charged with attempted mur* der. It is stated that he fired a shot during the detectives' raid. There was very little cessation of work on the mines on Saturday. The official telegrams from the principal railway centres • announce that* the men are reporting for duty in large numbers. All 1s quiet at Pretoria, whoro the strikers" are still out, but it i...
MAN SHOOTS HIS WIFE. THEN COMMITS SUICIDE. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 20 January 1914
MAM SHOOTS HIS WIFE. THEN COMMITS SUICIDE. Following a dispute about a picture a double shooting tragedy occurred at Noai's Mill, East Maitland, N.S.W., 011 Friday night, tlie victims being Rich ard Marshra well known business man and his wife. Mrs. Marsh died instantly, but lic.r husband lived for two hours.. Both had bullet wounds in the head. .. Frederick'.Marsh, a son, 1G 'yearn of age, who works in the mill, was with his father in the latter's office, a few minutes before the tragedy. The father was about to destroy an enlarged picture of his eldest daugh ter. Mrs. Marsh called out to the boy to take the picture down, so that the father could not damage it. The boy took It down, and the mother stood in front of it. As the boy walked out to the veran dah, he heard his father warn his mo ther to get. away from the picture. He next heard Bliots, and rancor a doctor.' The pair had not Ifved hap pily.
WOMEN CONDEMN FASHIONS DISGRACE TO HUMANITY. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 20 January 1914
WOMEN CONDEMN FASHIONS DISGRACE TO HUMANITY. At the National Council of Women of Australia at Hobart -there was a lively discussion on the moral aspect of to-day's fashions, which were se verely denounced by the president, who said that women were a disgrace to humanity for the way they went about. She quoted Mr. Manifold, M.L.C., Victoria, as to, the necessity for a bill to protect men against wo men who wore transparent and -slit , skirts -and low-necked blouses. Miss Bisdee contended that there was nothing to make an outcry about, and cited the women, of 1S02, who j wore tight dresses, and damped them ito make them cling more effectively. | Other speakers severely condemned what they termed the indecent models of the day, and one lady suggested social ostracism as a cure for the evil, the Governor's wife to take the initiative.
LOSS THROUGH STRIKES. THE WORKERS' SHARE. LONDON, Tuesday. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
LOSS THROUGH STRIKES. ! THE WORKERS' SHARE. LONDON. Tuesdav. The Board of Trade statistics have been supplemented by the trade union; returns, and show that the loss of wages in ten working'industries from stoppages due to disputes of all kinds! during the past 10 years amounted to £17,413,188. The net sain in wages j as the result of disputes amounted to j £2,714,300, leaving an actual loss of £14,648,S4S. The workers as a whole | obtained during* the 10 years increases I amounting to 15 millions sterling, j chiefly through conciliation, machin-l ery, and working agreements. Of even* hundred strikes and lock-outs ; during the 10 years the employers won 50, the workers 25, while the remain* ins 25 were settled by compromise.
Advertising [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
Cleanliness Is Next to Godliness. A clean body Induces a cle.an mind. A clean body is attained by the use of water and a good soap. The only question is, "What Soap?" Rexona Soap is the best «oap. Its manufacture is the most modern and the most scientific. It combines the qualities of the best germ-destroying: powers with the most dainty odor and appearance. i Rexona Skin and Facial Soap is the only medicated soap which is pleasing i as a general toilet soap. i A daily bath with water and Rexona . Soap makes the user clean. 1 He. is not only free from dirt, but from disease germs. His clean and healthy skin ensures & healthy body. Cleanliness of mind should follow. So use Rexona soap in your daily bath. Be clean and keep clean. Rexona Soap, Kins of all Soaps. 1/ per Tablet. Obtainable every*, where. i VETERINARY. ! Edgar <J. Lukey, j Li. V. So. (Melb. Univ.) « Late Veterinary Surgeon to Staw el! j District Veterinary Club. ! HAS taken, up liia residence lni Warrac...
LAND OF PROMISE. 56,000 IMMIGRANTS. GIRLS AND BOYS COMING. LONDON, Tuesday. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
I,,INT) OF PROMISE. 56,000 IMMIGRANTS. GIRLS AND BOYS COMING. LONDON. Tuesday. I Immigrants despatched to Australia iu 1913 numbered 50,799,, of whom 23,46S were men, 20,042 women, and 23,289 children. Miss A. Layard, of the Immigration Office, finding It impossible to obtain women immigrants for New South Wales and other States, is offering better facilities. Seventy-five have : been booked for Victoria and South Australia. The number includes se veral mill girls. Miss Bradshaw, a wealthy resident of South Kensington, is financing the despatch of 20 widows with a child each to New South Wales. The money is to be repaid inside a year. Six thousand boys are going to Vic toria and New South Wales during the year.
CABLE NEWS. "HERALD" SPECIAL SERVICE. (PER REUTER.) DASH FOR LIBERTY. SEVEN PEOPLE KILLED. VANCOUVER, Tuesday. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
CABLE NEWS. •♦HERALD" SPECIAL SERVICE. (PER REUTER.) DASH FOR 1JBEKTY. SEVEN PEOPLE KILLED, VANCOUVER. Tuesday. A daring attempt to escape from prison yesterday resulted In seven people twins? killed. Af Nfaeaihter, in Oklahoma, three prisoners in the State penitentiary mad-> a bui for freedom. Armed revolvers, ihey attacked the uuards, who returned the Are, and a wt bat \ tie ensued. The upshot was that the three pri soners were killed, while a similar, number of guards lost their lives, i A former judge named Thomas, who j had been visiting the gaol, was struck j by a stray bullet and killed. j
LAVA-SEETHING ISLAND. BOILING SEA COOKS FISH. HILLS RISE OUT OF WATER. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
LAVA-SEETHING ISLAND. BOILING SEA COOKS FISH. HILLS RISE' OUT OF WATER. Describing Ambryn 'Island as "a - seething mass of lava" with sea foam ing over the site of the mission hos* pital, officers of the steamer Makarn bo, which arrived in Sydney on Wed* nesday, brought details of a terrible volcanic erup-tion on the island on New Year's Day, as a result of which 700 natives had to be transferred to the island of tPaama. ' The whole face of the country has been altered, and where Br. Bowie's | mission hospital stood,there is now a ; "wide stretch of sea ranging from 13 I fathoms tO' no sounding. Further along, where the sea pre. viously rolled, two miles of hilly coun try appears. During eruption sfihe water reached boiling point, and turtles and fish of | . all kinds rose to the surface properly ;• cooked. | Numbers of natives who were anxi j ous to escape from the lava rushed I Into, the sea, but the water was so j hot that they got on to the land again.
VICTORIAN LANDS. WHAT GOOD FARMING WILL DO. A 30-BUHSEL AVERAGE. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
VICTORIAN LANDS. WHAT GOOD FARMING WILL DO. j A 30-BUHSBL AVERAGE. i The Nh.il! farm competitions, the an nual report of which has just been made available, calls attention to the disparity of yields from poor and from good farming. This year's judge was Mr. A. E. V. Richardson (agricultural superintendent), and he remarked that the standard set by the best far mers of the district has had a good I leavening-influence on farm practice, "The crops , inspected, ;were, on .the whole, extremely satisfactory, and, fur nished a remarkable "Illustration of i the . capacity of. the .wheat plant-to yield under adverse'i seasonal condi tions, when rational methods- of til lage are practised/' Several prizes i were given, as usual, by the society I for various competitions, and it is ! worthy of mention that the average yield from the 15 farms entered for the best crop was approximately 30 j 'bushels per acre. The average yield for the district was 15 bushels. These two sets of figures,', ther...
TELEPHONE EXCHANGE. AREEGRA PARTY LINE. 107A. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
TE LE PltON E KXC1IA NO li.fj AREEGRA PARTY LINE. 107 A. 1. J. Pietach. a 3. Albert Hacuslor. s. J. K. Schultz. I. A. Nltschkp. f>. T. Schulz. 108B. 1. E. Greiser. 2. Schulz Bros. it.' Greiser Bros. 1. H. Kent. 5. T. Roberts. 109C. 1. G. Uerscli. •>. F. Jfuller. :i. ' H. Powell. •!. n. Learmonth. , 5. D. Kent. 6. A. Walker. 110A. 1. H. Heath. 2. \Y. Powell. J. D. Powell. •1. A. Heath. 5. Billings Bros, and Hogg. 211B. 1. Albert Schulz. 2. Anton Hausler. 4. J. Haeusler. 5. H. Schulz. 6. 0. HueJmer. , 112C. 1. C. Hewitt. 2. H. Hewitt. 3. 0. Hewitt. 4. KoschitzUe Bros.' 5. Koschitzke Bros. 6. H. Brown. USA. 1. H. Gove. 2. A. Arnold. 3. T. Arnold. 4. J. Jess. 5. Adam Bell. 114B. 1. J. Mitchell. 2. C. George. 3. T. Kelsall. 4. A. Biesse. 5. H. George.
TEMPERANCE NEWS. (Contributed.) [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
TEMPERANCE NEWS. j (Contributed.) The question of how much alcohol one may safely take 1ms occupied wise men to an extent which forms a; pitiable travesty on earnest endeavor] or no-called siceutifle investigation, j Too much of the so'called science is mere surface observation, shallow rea-j soiling, and prejudiced conclusions, i The mere fact that many individuals \ survive to the end of a long (but rare-j ly useful^ life, drinking vast amounts : of intoxicating liquors. Is less evidence for the harmlessness of seductive fluids than testimony to the marvel lous adjustability of the human organ ism to the misuse of poisons. But how much alcohol may a man drink daily or weekly, and suffer no harm —that is, sustain no definite "insult" to organic integrity? It has been de termined that on ounce or two may be ; taken daily and no damage ensue for many years to the grosser structures. This, however, does not take into ac count—(a) the loss of vital activity through the expenditure of f...
Advertising [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
Two Doses Give Relief. ' "I am subject to bowel troubles . which cause pain and Inconvenience," ■ writes Mr. Alfred Wane, 1S5 Auburn • Road, Auburn, Vic., "but two doses of ! Chamberlain's Colic and Diarrhoea j Remedy give immediate relief. I am • pleased to know there is such a safe ' and certain' remedy as Chamberlain's ' Colic and Diarrhoea Remedy, and al* i ways keep a bottle handy." Sold by Hutchinson and Co. and J. N. Wool cott. /' PHONE NO. 1». Registered Dentist, ! Scott Street - - - Warracknafoeal. S Next Door to.hla Well Known Pbarmcj. ^ Mar !>e Consulted Dally. llopctouu, Tuesday, January i,3th ; l.asoelles, Wednesday, January 14th; : Ltoulah» Tuesday, January 20th.
CRIME ROMANCE. REMARKABLE CAREER ENDED. [Newspaper Article] — Warracknabeal Herald — 23 January 1914
CRIME R03IANGE. I REMARKABLE CAREER ENDED. A grim romance of the underworld ended at the Highgate Cemetery with the burial of George Cook, with full Salvation Army honors. Officers of the army testified that Cook was a loyal and stedfast soldier. Thirteen years ago the Old Bailey judge, in sen tencing Cook to 12 years' imprison ment, pronounced him to be the most expert coiner of the nineteenth cen tury. Beginning with a sentence-of | nine months for passing base coin, I Cook passed over 30 years in prison, ilils sentences aggregating 45 years. I Whilst serving his last sentence, he | came under the influence of the Salva jtion Army, ayd, as a result of Briga dier Playle's exhortations, he was re leased on ticket in October, 1910. Cook expressed his determination to "run straight," and publicly confessed at the penitents' bench. • The remainder of his life was blameless and happy. Around the graveside were three of his chums, including one companion who was in the dock with Cook on ... | <urn:uuid:5daca89e-8dbf-41ee-8c20-fcdbe5b75341> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.elephind.com/?fes=1&a=q&r=361&o=20&results=1&sf=byDA&puq=TVKYLRKAGS | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280761.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00091-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938378 | 4,107 | 1.523438 | 2 |
The latest news from academia, regulators
research labs and other things of interest
Posted: April 29, 2008
Can gold help cure cancer?
(Nanowerk News) Can gold be used in curing cancer? A report that appeared in The Washington Post says gold particles can help fight cancer.
The report said a biotech company in the United States has used nanotechnology to develop a gold nanoparticle capable of acting like "a fighter jet in the body" in order to deliver a "cancer smart-bomb" to diseased cells, according to reports.
it said CytImmune Sciences "audacious" work could provide doctors with a "powerful new weapon" in the fight against cancer.
The company has been working on developing gold nanoparticles to deliver drugs for around 12 years.
Its founder Lawrence Tamarkin - who set up the firm with his own money - wanted to develop a cancer treatment that targets only the diseased cells, rather than all the cells in an affected area.
As a result, his team developed the "fighter jet" gold nanoparticles, which deliver a protein called tumour necrosis factor (TNF) to cancerous cells.
TNF is, however, extremely toxic and can be very dangerous if it is not targeted precisely. To try to get around this, Mr Tamarkin's scientists have since modified the nanoparticles with a molecule that makes them "invisible" to the immune system, thereby protecting healthy tissue.
The company is now working with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) to develop trials of the gold nanoparticles in conjunction with tradition chemotherapy. | <urn:uuid:2001ea5e-bdd1-4f77-bf42-ab6faab773c9> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.nanowerk.com/news/newsid=5515.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719547.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00395-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951065 | 327 | 3 | 3 |
Avoiding sugar might seem pretty simple - but not everything with high sugar levels as obvious as a bag of sweets.
Having high levels of sugar in your diet adds to belly fat but also increases your risk of diabetes, The Daily Express reported.
The problem is that it isn’t just eating sweets, cakes and other sugary treats that can cause your blood sugar to spike - other things contain glucose, which is also a form of sugar.
And things which can contain a lot of glucose might even seem healthy.
Diets promoting low carbohydrate and low blood sugar eating, such as the blood sugar diet by Dr Michael Moseley, point out how high blood sugar not only increases your risk of diabetes but also contributes to extra abdominal fat.
That fat around your middle also goes hand-in-hand with fat that sticks to your organs and can cause long-term health problems.
An estimated 13.6 million Britons are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes, according to diabetes.org.uk.
For those considered “at risk” for the disease, it’s crucial to embark on lifestyle changes to get blood sugar under control.
High blood sugar levels can ultimately result in permanent damage to the eyes, nerves, kidneys and blood vessels.
Here are five high-sugar foods to avoid:
Fruity yoghurts can often be packed full of sugar, so make sure you check the label carefully.
Generally, plain Greek yoghurt is a better choice as it’s lower in sugar but often higher in protein.
Unfortunately, when fruit is dried, its sugar content becomes more concentrated.
Raisins, for example, can contain four times more carbohydrates than grapes.
Lower-sugar fresh fruits like fresh berries or a small apple are a much better alternative.
Potatoes are quite high in carbohydrates already, but deep frying them in vegetable oil makes them even more unhealthy.
Swap deep-fried chips for a portion of baked sweet potato fries.
Sugary breakfast cereals
Some cereals contain a high sugar and carbohydrate content, as well as providing you with very little protein.
Swap sugary cereals for a protein-based low-carb breakfast, like an omelette, to keep you fuller for longer.
Eating anything containing refined white flour can increase blood sugar levels.
Processed white bread also contains low levels of fibre.
Instead high-fibre wholemeal bread is a better choice.
Keep up with the latest news with our email alerts directly to your inbox. Sign up here | <urn:uuid:d944b02d-1568-48b0-8325-4bc544e5389d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/news/health/dr-michael-mosley-diet-lists-6443532 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572581.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816211628-20220817001628-00065.warc.gz | en | 0.931495 | 548 | 3.125 | 3 |
2. What is the hard truth which will keep Singapore going? It is, according to Lee Kuan Yew the vulnerability of Singapore. Without saying so in so many words, Lee Kuan Yew believes that the island’s neighbours would war against it if it has no military capacity to defend itself. The United Nations would not help Singapore in the event of such an attack.
3. Even America would not defend Singapore despite the Security Framework Agreement. America went to the aid of Kuwait because of oil, but Singapore’s problem is water.
5. I may have said that, though I cannot remember. But is that an indication that we intend to invade Singapore?
6. Singapore had been taking large quantities of sand from the sea-bed east of Johore and also in the Strait of Malacca. As a result the coast has been eroded in places. Taking one billion cubic meters more of sand in these seas would cause serious erosion.
7. In addition the fish-breeding ground will be destroyed and this will affect Malaysian fishermen.
8. As to the trouble caused by Singapore; in the 22 years of my premiership I was not able to resolve any of the problems with Singapore. These are the Central Provident Fund, the railway land, the operation of the Malayan Railway in Singapore and the water price. Additionally the reclamation in the Tebrau Strait was affecting the deep water shipping lane for ships to and from Pasir Gudang Port. The only problem solved was the unilateral decision of Malaysia to give up the naval base in Woodlands after Singapore kept raising the lease payments. Malaysia did not ask for even a single cent as compensation for the facilities it has installed at the base.
9. As for Singapore’s military planes flying over Malaysian air space, Malaysia had the right to disallow such flights for many reasons. Singapore would certainly not like to have Malaysian military planes flying over Singapore.
10. When we wanted to build a bridge to replace the congested causeway Singapore was not forthcoming.
11. All this while Malaysia had been supplying raw water at 3 sen per thousand gallons. Even to Melaka, Johore is paid 30 cent per thousand gallons. Negotiations to raised the price of water failed repeatedly. The first agreement will end this year. We will continue to supply raw water at 3 sen per thousand gallons until 2061 under the second agreement.
12. Yes, we buy treated water at a subsidised price of 50 cent per thousand gallons. We are willing to forego the supply and treat our water ourselves.
13. It was Malaysia which suggested that both countries submit claims to Pulau Batu Puteh to the international court. The court decided that the rock belongs to Singapore even though it is nearer Malaysia. But two other rocks further from Malaysia but nearer Singapore were awarded to Malaysia.
14. Malaysia’s willingness to go to the International Court is hardly in keeping with a country which harbours the intention to invade Singapore.
15. Kuan Yew cried when Singapore left Malaysia. We thought that it was the separation which had saddened him. But now he tells us that it was because “I left behind tens of thousands of people who had joined our rallies”. Kuan Yew might remember that despite the huge crowds attending the PAP rallies, the party won only one seat.
16. The PAP supporters immediately formed the DAP to fight the cause promoted by the PAP after the separation. The DAP is alive and well today in Malaysia. In fact it now rules Penang state.
17. But the rump UMNO left in Singapore could not survive in the hostile atmosphere created by the PAP Government. For that matter no other political party has been allowed to function properly in Singapore.
18. Kuan Yew claims all these opposition people are duds and must not be allowed to rule Singapore or even to be in the opposition. This is a frank admission that he determines who should represent the people of Singapore, not the people themselves as in a democracy. If there is any more proof needed that Singapore is a totalitarian state, this admission by Kuan Yew confirms it.
19. Now Kuan Yew is urging Muslims not to hold to the teachings of Islam too strictly. Most Muslims are in breach in their practice of Islam. But it is not for others to tell the Muslims that they should renege on their practice of Islam to facilitate integration in Singapore. In Malaysia we try to live with our differences. Our integration is not perfect because we are sensitive to the sensitivities of our people. We do not ask people to forsake their religious practices so we can integrate.
20. Malaysia has no intention to attack Singapore even if it is militarily weak. Even in my time there was no such intention. In fact we wanted to continue to supply Singapore with water, but at a fair price. I don’t think my successors harbour any intention to do harm to Singapore. These are the hard truths. Competition in trade and shipping does not mean war, or a threat of war.
21. But one thing is certain: if Singapore treats Malaysia and Indonesia as its enemies then you must expect them to prepare for their defence. Even if it may not lead to war there will be tension and there will be an arms race. And much money will be wasted.
22. It would be far better if Mr Lee, the Minister Mentor of Singapore stop thinking about being vulnerable and that its neighbours harbour the intention to invade it. As with Pulau Batu Puteh, Sipadan and Ligitan our preference is for negotiation, arbitration or an international court’s decision.
23. Remember Malaysia gave up Singapore peacefully. We did not try to use force to keep Singapore or to suppress its people. | <urn:uuid:69f568b1-81cb-4db1-9177-5beb5d84f94c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://chedet.cc/?p=505 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280364.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00033-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.964451 | 1,193 | 1.8125 | 2 |
As European protests against nuclear weapons gathered pace in the 1980s, Václav Havel cautioned that “the sole genuine guarantee of true peace” was a respect for human rights. No statesman then in office grasped the heroic dissident’s point better than Margaret Thatcher. Her conviction that the principal threat to peace came not from nuclear arms but from the persistence of totalitarianism was derided by critics for its supposed Manichean simplicities. Yet she was right.
National debate has, in the past 48 hours, rehearsed many arguments about Mrs Thatcher’s domestic legacy. There is less scope for legitimate disagreement on an issue | <urn:uuid:ca858064-0018-43d2-81c2-53957fe8b723> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.thetimes.co.uk/tto/opinion/leaders/article3735350.ece | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00507-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.961354 | 133 | 2.28125 | 2 |
Thirty-seven expeditioners have been rescued from an Australian icebreaker ship stranded in Antarctica.
Aurora Australis was on a supply mission to Mawson Station when it broke its mooring during 80mph blizzards and ran aground in Horseshoe Harbour on Wednesday.
The Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) said all 37 expeditioners on board have now been transferred by barge to Mawson.
The remaining 31 crew will stay on board and try to free the vessel from rocks using its ballast system and work boats.
AAD said there is a breach in the hull, but it poses no risk to the stability of the vessel or of fuel leaking into the Antarctic wilderness.
The ship's owners, P&O Maritime Services, said once the Aurora Australis is refloated, it will be taken out of Horseshoe Harbour for a fuller assessment of damage.
The vessel was due to pick up 30 expeditioners at another Australian research base, Davis, who were heading back to Australia.
They will instead be flown to Australia's Casey Station.
Australia has four stations in the Antarctic, and Aurora Australis regularly travels from the Australian city of Hobart on scientific and resupply voyages.
The ship left Hobart in Tasmania on 11 January, undertaking marine science work around the Kerguelen Plateau region before arriving at Mawson on Saturday.
The ageing vessel is due to be replaced in 2019 by a new custom-built ship.
Vessels travelling to and from Antarctica often face risky conditions.
In 2014, Aurora Australis helped rescue Russian ship Akademik Shokalskiy and its 52 crew. | <urn:uuid:53ecb05d-d877-4b71-a9ba-d237a6855f65> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.foxnews.com/world/37-people-rescued-from-stranded-australian-icebreaker-ship-in-antarctica | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573908.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820043108-20220820073108-00278.warc.gz | en | 0.954485 | 344 | 2.421875 | 2 |
The average benefit for food stamp recipients is currently $113.41 per month. The food stamp program was re-named SNAP (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) for politically correct purposes, but the “assistance” it provides is still not intended to be the only means of paying for food. Otherwise, the “A” (for Assistance) in SNAP would not be there.
Apparently, 26 Democrats in Congress are too dense to understand that or are just putting on a show in the media by taking what is being called the “SNAP Challenge” in order to protest a Farm Bill that, if passed, will reduce food stamp benefits. (Why a “Farm Bill” is dealing with food stamps is a whole different problem.) This SNAP Challenge is to live off of $4.50 per day for food to show how difficult that is, eliciting sympathy for keeping and/or increasing the current food stamp benefit.
Food stamps were never intended to be used in that manner, but idealism is blind to reality. This challenge involves spending $4.50 per day instead of buying in quantity like those actually receiving food stamps would do. It is a transparent ploy to make things seem as bad as possible. Would you buy just one apple or one hot dog per day if you actually had to subsist on food stamps? Would you buy them from an “organic” food store where prices are exorbitant? Would you buy pre-packaged, individually wrapped cheese slices?
The media, of course, loves this SNAP challenge and treats it as if it is a display of sensitivity in a creative, witty way instead of political theater. Unfortunately, many voters are manipulated easily. They bought the lie of being able to keep the health insurance they have and still believe health care premiums will go down. It’s a small step to believe food stamps should pay for all the food one needs. Don’t be surprised if it becomes one of Hillary’s campaign promises.
David J. Hentosh
Tags: 2016 Presidential election, Democrats, Economy, Entitlements, Federal Deficit, food stamp benefits, food stamp program, food stamp recipients, Food Stamps, health care premiums, health care reform, Liberalism, Media Bias, Nanny State, political correctness, Progressivism, SNAP | <urn:uuid:9f070ffe-1f14-4775-b82b-50554a235ac3> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://thomasjeffersonclubblog.wordpress.com/2013/06/18/manipulation-by-democrats/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00454-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.965948 | 479 | 2.390625 | 2 |
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Janet Anderson: Current practice is for frequency channels comprising 8MHz which provide a single analogue terrestrial service, or one digital multiplex carrying multiple programme services. I understand from the Independent Television Commission that it is unlikely to be feasible to employ channels of only 2MHz because transmissions would not be compatible with current European transmission standards and no existing digital television receivers would be capable of receiving such transmissions, in addition to other technical constraints. In planning for the transition from analogue to digital television the Government will consider all potential uses of spectrum. A post-switchover plan will be developed providing a clearer indication of the long-term prospects for local television.
Mrs. Gilroy: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport what plans he has to appoint a digital champion to help oversee and take forward the take-up of digital television services.
Mr. Paul Clark: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport what steps he (a) has taken and (b) intends to take to promote uptake of digital television and, in particular, digital terrestrial television.
Mr. Chris Smith: As we announced in "Opportunities for All in a World of Change", the Government's aim is for the UK to have the most dynamic, high quality and competitive market for digital TV in the G7, as measured by take-up, choice and cost.
The benefits of digital television are wide-reaching: it provides better picture and sound quality, enables an increased choice of programmes, both free-to-view and paid for, and can deliver new kinds of interactive broadcast services such as home shopping and home banking. Furthermore, while universal access to the internet, which is an essential objective for the Government, is not dependent on digital television, we strongly believe that the take-up of digital television does offer a valuable opportunity for many who may not otherwise seek to do so, to have access to the internet through the use of a familiar technology.
We are now the world leaders in the take-up of digital television with nearly 30 per cent. of households already enjoying the benefits of digital viewing. Digital satellite, available in around five million households, is now well advanced and we understand BSkyB will achieve the full switchover from analogue to digital later this year. The roll-out of digital cable is progressing well, with ntl and
10 May 2001 : Column: 309W
Telewest having over one million digital customers. More than one million households have already decided to receive digital television through the terrestrial platform which requires relatively little receiving equipment and is likely to be the means by which many will continue to expect to receive their television services in the foreseeable future.
Everyday more homes move to digital but we are well aware that a significant number remain to be convinced of the benefits of making the switch. This is the reason why a number of important initiatives have been put in place recently, with the co-operation of the broadcasting industry and of the ITC, to promote the development of digital television in the UK. These initiatives are in the following areas: extension of coverage; information for consumers and research on their needs and expectations; and involvement of the stakeholders.
Government Departments and agencies are doing all that it is possible within the framework of international spectrum management arrangements to maximise the coverage of digital. We understand that the work on the equalisation of coverage across all six multiplexes--the "core coverage"--is well advanced. We have recently written to digital broadcasters, seeking their commitment to ITC plans to double the power on eight key transmitters, allowing improvement to the signal quality, giving better, more reliable reception of free-to-air and subscription services.
The involvement of the digital broadcasting industry is important in all areas: we will continue to meet all the stakeholders and ensure that the fair competition between them leads to an enterprising and consumer-friendly environment.
We intend to take a strong part in progressing the plans that the ITC is making to implement a programme providing a pilot series of neighbourhoods across the country with free conversion to digital television. Our aim in this is to understand better the practical and social issues which will be faced by people in taking decisions on switching from analogue to digital television.
These pilots will complement the findings of the Viewers Panel we established last year, and whose report, due in September, will help us to ensure that our policies are well informed by consumer concerns and needs.
We also hope that the DVB logo, now being promoted by broadcasters, manufacturers and retailers, will help consumers to purchase digital televisions with confidence so that they are not misled into buying sets with "digital features", under the mistaken impression that they are actually purchasing equipment capable of receiving digital services. We must now discuss with the industry how best to promote this scheme to be sure that all the consumers receive the appropriate information before buying a new TV set. Alongside this initiative, we must also consider whether a public information campaign will be helpful to demystify digital television.
We are committed to developing a strategic plan which will lead the UK to meet the criteria on affordability, availability and accessibility we have set to allow for full digital switchover within the period 2006 and 2010.
10 May 2001 : Column: 310W
Dr. Whitehead: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport what recent discussions he has held with the Football Association about their policy of retiring referees at 42 years of age.
Kate Hoey: This is entirely a matter for the Football Association, and neither my right hon. Friend the Secretary of State nor I have discussed it with them. However, I understand that the age limit of 42 applies only to referees who are newly appointed to officiate at matches in the Nationwide Conference and the reserve leagues of the Premiership and the Football League. There is no age limit for officials in the recreational sport, and referees who officiate at Premiership and Football League matches may continue until they are 48.
Mr. David Stewart: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport if he will make a statement on the opportunities available to Christian radio stations with analogue licences applying for digital licences.
Janet Anderson [holding answer 8 May 2001]: Religious bodies are currently disqualified from holding digital radio licences and are therefore unable to apply for automatic renewal of their analogue licences, under the provisions of the Broadcasting Act 1996. The White Paper "A New Future for Communications" makes clear the Government's commitment to remove the disqualification on the ownership of local digital licences by religious bodies, and invited comments on relaxing the restrictions regarding the ownership of other licences by such bodies. We are currently considering the responses made.
Janet Anderson [holding answer 8 May 2001]: The Radio Authority is required automatically to re-advertise, in an open competition, all analogue local licences in areas where the number of persons, aged 15 years or over, resident in the coverage areas of that service exceeds 4.5 million. The only analogue services exempted from this requirement are those who broadcast, or are committed to broadcast, on a digital multiplex in the relevant area. As Premier Christian Radio is prohibited by current legislation from holding a digital licence, its analogue licence cannot be automatically renewed. The Government are committed to bringing forward communications legislation which would remove this prohibition.
Janet Anderson [holding answer 8 May 2001]: The White Paper "A New Future for Communications" announced that the Government will bring forward legislation to allow religious bodies to hold a local terrestrial digital radio licence. We invited views on whether the restrictions on ownership of other terrestrial licences by religious bodies should be relaxed, and are currently considering the responses.
10 May 2001 : Column: 311W
Mr. Swayne: To ask the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport if applications for remaining digital radio licences for London will be determined before changes can be made to allow applications from Christian broadcasters to be entertained.
Janet Anderson [holding answer 8 May 2001]: I understand that applications for the third and final digital multiplex licence for Greater London have already been submitted, and the Radio Authority is expected to make the award in June. Legislation to correct the anomaly whereby religious bodies are prevented from holding local digital licences will be brought forward, but any such legislation could not be enacted by June.
|Next Section||Index||Home Page| | <urn:uuid:6a996884-7ba7-4359-a861-ea0dfe6b1835> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200001/cmhansrd/vo010510/text/10510w15.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280872.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00320-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.945654 | 1,699 | 1.695313 | 2 |
On Wednesday 11 June 2008 Kevin D. Kissell wrote:
> Brian Foster wrote:
> >[ ... the FPU emulation ] trampoline, which is pushed on
> > the user-land stack is, unlike sigreturn, not fixed code.
> > It varies on a per-instance per-thread basis. Hence the
> > simple ‘vsyscall’ mechanism ((to be?) used for sigreturn)
> > is inappropriate.
> > The trampoline is only used to execute a non-FP instruction
> > (<instr>) in the delay slot of an FP-instruction [ ... ]
> > Belch! ;-\ Whilst I can think of a few things that may work
> > (temporarily change page permissions; or go ahead and use
> > the ‘vsyscall’ page with some interlocking magic; or a new
> > new dedicated per-thread page; or ...?) none seem appealing.
>[ ... ]
> As the jerk who originally bolted the FP emulator into the MIPS kernel
> and came up with the stack trampoline hack, I can explain why it seemed
> sane at the time. If an FP branch is emulated and to be taken, we have to
> find a way for the instruction in the delay slot to be executed prior to the
> transfer of control to the branch target. It has to execute with the user's
> permissions. Putting it on the user's stack and building a trampoline was
> the fairly classical way of doing it, but note that it's architecturally
> illegal to put a branch in a branch delay slot (floating point or otherwise),
> so there's no possibility of recursion. So one only needs 3-4 words (one
> could substitute another means of validation for the cookie) per thread.
Yes, once I worked out what it was doing it all seemed cute
(albeit I don't quite see what the danger is with recursion?).
My “Belch!” was referring to the problems it now causes with
> It just has to be part of the user's address space. I suppose
> that instead of using a few words just above the stack, one could use
> a few words just below the current "brk()" point, or, better still (but
> far more invasive) pad the text segment, which should always be
> executable, with 4 words that the kernel can find in a hurry.
First, you need to really careful about multithreaded code
concurrently doing FPU stuff. That is, it's possible there
may be more than one “live” emulated FPU delay slot in the
same address space. So stuffing the code into text, or
near the brk()-point, or similar, all has concurrency issues.
This is what makes the current on-the-stack approach neat;
the stack _is_ per-thread so there's no concurrency mess.
As for putting the trampoline near the brk()-point, besides
the concurrency problem, there's also the issue that the
containing page would have to be made user-executable (if
temporarily). Unless I'm confused, that page is nominally
data (heap-ish). With the addition of XI support, I would
expect data to nominally also be non-executable.
“How many surrealists does it take to | Brian Foster
change a lightbulb? Three. One calms | somewhere in south of France
the warthog, and two fill the bathtub | Stop E$$o (ExxonMobil)!
with brightly-coloured machine tools.” | http://www.stopesso.com | <urn:uuid:d44be01b-aa55-408f-9ba2-77dab7cbcfff> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://www.linux-mips.org/archives/linux-mips/2008-06/msg00118.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719079.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00034-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.935526 | 808 | 1.625 | 2 |
Watch: This Tesla EV comes strapped with three jet engines
There is a hand in glove relationship between Tesla and innovation, the one which is well understood by the brand's followers and owners of Tesla electric vehicles. Therefore, no customisation of Tesla EVs seems out of the world. Not even a Tesla that comes strapped with three jet engines. Yes, you read that correctly.
A video that has been posted on YouTube is proof that such customisation has been done by Warped Perception's Matt Mikka. He fixed three jet engines to his Tesla Model S P85 to explore how these engines can contribute towards providing the EV with a forward boost in terms of speed and performance. At first, he drove the electric vehicle with two of the thrusters at work, helping the Tesla electric car maintain a speed of around 96 kmph on the highway. Next, to observe the EV's straight-line acceleration, the creator switched on all three jet engines at their maximum thrust.
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With all the engines at work, the Tesla EV touch the speed of 96 kmph by less than one second compared to the previously noted time which is quite impressive. Although, other variable factors also need to be taken into account. However, attaching jet thrusters to the EV indeed shows that it contributes towards an improved acceleration.
The video received many comments that appreciated the maker's idea. A few said that this is the coolest EV that they have ever seen and cannot wait to take a ride while many shared that this is the best sounding Tesla they have ever seen. One also conveyed that this customisation does increase the hype for the upcoming Tesla Roadster that will come with thrusters which will pop up from the license plate. Earlier, Tesla had stated that it will provide rocket thrusters in its new electric sports car. | <urn:uuid:0b120b36-db2a-40b3-819b-ae2aef30522d> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://auto.hindustantimes.com/auto/news/watch-this-tesla-ev-comes-strapped-with-three-jet-engines-41638767896907.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00266.warc.gz | en | 0.972832 | 367 | 1.5 | 2 |
The results of the studies indicate that platelets can be used as donor specific antigen in protocols of 'biological suppression'. Administration of donor specific platelets 10 days after transplantation to unmatched mongrel dogs treated for a brief period with ALG resulted in a marked prolongation of kidney allograft survival. Acute rejection of a second kidney from an indifferent donor suggests that a state of specific unresponsiveness was achieved by recipient pretreatment with ALG and donor antigen challenge.
|Original language||English (US)|
|Number of pages||7|
|Journal||Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis|
|State||Published - 1979|
ASJC Scopus subject areas | <urn:uuid:b078f2f7-66bb-451d-a4bc-9df4a7e76023> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://jhu.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/active-enhancement-of-dog-kidney-allografts-using-alg-and-donor-p-5 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571097.39/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810010059-20220810040059-00269.warc.gz | en | 0.80524 | 189 | 1.773438 | 2 |
The stance that should be taken: all pregnancies unless the woman’s life is in danger or violent rape has taken place, + can also add the risk of the child being born with severe disability.
Value of life
No possible line can be drawn (15 days-the development of the nervous system and awareness of pain) that could not be challenged and therefore no line should be drawn.
It is the active taking of a life which sets it apart from contraception where the active decision is not to get pregnant. When someone’s free choices harm others it is acceptable to limit these choices.
The value of life is the only objective value we can agree upon and from preservation of life comes preservation of rights in society.
The reason why abortion is legalized in cases of rape is the same as why killing in self-defense is legalized. Some violent acts make violent decisions more acceptable.
Can challenge the lack of any of these or the clashes the inclusion of them might produce with the arguments (value of all life vs. terminating pregnancies in case of rape).
Also- what threat to life is sufficient, is depression (that can become more extreme during pregnancy), for example, a threat to the life of a woman? Are we only talking of physical threats or emotional as well?
Can challenge a fetus being a child.
The fact that a line is hard to draw doesn’t make it impossible or justified that we do not, there are things that we can consider such as awareness. The fact that there is no consensus does not justify siding with the most extreme view on one end, namely altogether banning abortion.
This contradicts the basic definition of the plan allowing abortion in case of rape and woman’s life being in danger, etc.
In fact we do not whether a fetus can be considered a ‘person’ or not, but we should assume neither case.
There are indeed cases when even the termination of life can be justified and therefore such a policy should never be implemented as it is dealing in absolutes.
By implementing this policy you are not making life more respected- you are ruining countless lives of women and children.
E-pasta adrese, uz kuru nosūtīt darba saiti:
Saite uz darbu: | <urn:uuid:04f57fca-8610-415c-a578-932fa5cc29ed> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.atlants.lv/konspekts/abortion/507396/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279189.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00064-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.912301 | 474 | 2.59375 | 3 |
Over the recent years, turn around telephone query administrations have shown enormous development and have become one of the should utilize administrations by the two people and organizations This development is because of many reasons and change in innovation in our day to day routines. Obviously separated from innovation, change in way of life is likewise liable for the quick development found in this remarkable assistance.
A portion of the principle reasons however which have added to the development and advancement of converse telephone query administrations are as per the following:
1 Increase in Business Productivity
Organizations, regardless of whether little or huge have understood the capability of utilizing reverse telephone query. They use it for quite some time like improving client care, saving time by staying away from undesirable calls, increment proficiency of staff and so on
Organizations have fired looking into telephone numbers that go to their missed get back to rundown and call these numbers with customized good tidings. They get the name and address of the guest from their online converse telephone query specialist organization and settle on certain them decision back likely clients by tending to them by their names despite the best site that the client never gave them their name in any case. This goes about as a component of wonderful little treat for the guest and is bound to give their business to a gone organization the additional mile to cause them to feel good.
In addition to this however organizations have expanded efficiency by letting representatives who are occupied in their work to allow their calls to go to the missed gets back to organizer and call those numbers that are from authentic clients. Ordinarily bustling workers get derailed they get calls from phone salespeople not really set in stone to sell them some item or administration. This detracts from significant work hours and by decreasing undesirable calls, representatives can expand their usefulness and furthermore work all the more effectively.
2 Increases in Information Provided
The early forms of converse telephone query benefits recorded the complete name of the telephone number’s proprietor. These days however, these administrations offer exhaustive data from name, complete postal location to even the subtleties of the transporter if there should an occurrence of phone numbers. Subsequently a great deal of people and furthermore organization clients have begun involving these administrations for different purposes like cross checking addresses, checking area of a seller prior to visiting them through their telephone numbers and so forth
Loved ones once in a while even check the full location of an individual through switch telephone query administrations prior to sending them a hello card, gift or any sort of bundle.
3 Increases in Unsolicited Phone Calls
Sadly as of late, the quantity of spontaneous calls has gone up huge amounts at a time. This incorporates over enthusiastic phone salespeople quick to meet their month to month targets and furthermore trick calls from adjoining children, youngsters or even somebody simply attempting to bother someone else. This has generally prompted the successive utilization of converse telephone query administrations to stop this developing danger and keep away from any such undesirable and aggravating calls which are typically gotten at the absolute worst time – either when you are occupied or when you have some an ideal opportunity to unwind and loosen up. | <urn:uuid:52252bf9-51ed-47c6-b121-3c67245628ba> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://www.pinwm.org/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572212.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815205848-20220815235848-00470.warc.gz | en | 0.95489 | 620 | 1.5 | 2 |
A wedding rehearsal dinner helps introduce family and friends before the upcoming wedding. Read on for details on speeches, toasts, and proper etiquette on invitations.
Whether the wedding will be big or small, casual or black-tie formal, the rehearsal dinner is an important part of most nuptials. It invites close relatives, the wedding party, and the bride and groom to come together and celebrate shortly before the wedding, as well as offering the perfect time to make toasts and speeches to those nearest and dearest to the couple.
What is a Wedding Rehearsal Dinner?
The rehearsal dinner is an opportunity for the bride and groom’s families to sit down to a meal together before the big wedding day. Wedding rehearsal dinners may include everyone in the wedding party as well as out-of-town guests, or they can be small and intimate with just the couple’s parents and siblings.
There’s no rule that says every couple has to have a rehearsal dinner before the wedding, but it is a friendly tradition that eases everyone into the spirit of the occasion and encourages the parents of the bride and groom to mingle and talk in an intimate setting.
Organizing, hosting, and paying for the rehearsal dinner is usually the responsibility of the groom’s parents, although in some cases, the bride’s parents or the bride and groom might arrange the dinner themselves. Depending on personal taste and budget, the rehearsal dinner can vary from a casual pizza night at home to an extravagant banquet meal at a hotel.
Rehearsal Dinner Invitations
There’s no rule when it comes to sending out rehearsal dinner invitations, either, although there are a few guidelines that are wise to follow. There’s no requirement to send out formal invitations at all – but if there are going to be plenty of out-of-town relatives and friends attending, rehearsal dinner invitations can help prevent the host from being bombarded with calls at the last minute for directions or timing.
Rehearsal dinner invitations can be formally printed on the same stationery as the wedding invites, or they may be handwritten or printed from a home computer on more casual stationary. There’s no need to blow the bank on these invites.
Speeches and Toasts at the Rehearsal Dinner
Traditionally, the parents of the groom (or the hosts) will make short speeches or give start a round of toasts. Rehearsal dinner toasts can be as long or as short as the bride and groom – and their family – would like. There’s no obligation to toast forever, but it’s nice to observe family tradition in this matter. For those who don’t wish to say anything but fear, they will be forced to speak, make sure to say something brief, sincere, and from the heart.
Rehearsal Dinner Favors
Some couples take the opportunity of the rehearsal dinner to thank the friends and relatives who have been instrumental in helping them plan the wedding. They may cut the budget on the meal itself by serving a barbeque at home but give gift bags of wedding favors to family and friends to express their gratitude.
However a couple chooses to celebrate their marriage, the rehearsal dinner can be a good time to relax on the eve of the wedding and appreciate where they are in their lives and the people who have helped them arrive there. | <urn:uuid:c6559fd7-0caa-4a35-b142-87ccd5637856> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.famousashleygrant.com/planning-the-wedding-rehearsal-dinner/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572033.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814113403-20220814143403-00276.warc.gz | en | 0.948052 | 700 | 1.554688 | 2 |
Non-statutory technical standards for the design, maintenance and operation of sustainable drainage systems to drain surface water.
This document contains non-statutory technical standards for the design, maintenance and operation of sustainable drainage systems. Systems to drain surface water from housing, non-residential or mixed use developments for the lifetime of the developments.
Sustainable drainage systems slow the rate of surface water run-off and improve infiltration, by mimicking natural drainage in both rural and urban areas. This reduces the risk of “flash-flooding” which occurs when rainwater rapidly flows into the public sewerage and drainage systems.
In December 2014, DCLG set out the changes to the planning system that will help to increase the use of the sustainable drainage systems.
This document should be used in conjunction with the National Planning Policy Framework and Planning Practice Guidance. | <urn:uuid:f2272ab0-a3b5-46d2-9c34-3d2be2d7ef71> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/sustainable-drainage-systems-non-statutory-technical-standards | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560285315.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095125-00571-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.884801 | 176 | 2.703125 | 3 |
This little piggy
There are some strange animal-related things happening in Europe, but sometimes sense can prevail. This weekend, a Swiss referendum emphatically rejected calls for animals to have legal representation.
The Press Association called it 'a proposal that would never even come near a referendum in other countries'. The BBC said that Switzerland already has very strict welfare legislation: 'Pigs, budgies, goldfish and other social animals cannot be kept alone; horses and cows must have regular exercise outside in summer and winter; and dog owners have to take training courses to learn how to care for their pets.' The Swiss constitution states that citizens must respect the dignity of animals and even plants.
Austrian and Italian scientists, writing in the science journal Nature a couple of weeks ago, called for a public information campaign in mainland Europe about animal research. Alluding to the UK student group Pro-Test, they called on fellow scientists and politicians to inform the public about 'the value of well presented, unbiased, evidence-based information from ethically evaluated animal experimentation'.
The scientists had been forced to abandon experiments using anaesthetised pigs in January. Their study of survival after avalanche burial involved monitoring 29 animals in snow at 1900 metres. It had been approved by Austrian federal ministry of science and research and was supervised on site. The experiments were underway when animal rights campaigners initiated an 'avalanche' of misrepresentations, false accusations, and threats, including a bomb threat to a bank. The scientists were forced to stop the tests after ten of the pigs had died, and the surviving pigs were handed over to the Tyrolean Animal Protection Association rather than sent to the slaughterhouse.
In their letter to Nature, the scientists said
'Most fellow scientists and the relevant government ministries remained silent during this totally unexpected, hostile campaign, failing to support our attempts to correct misinformation and justify our investigation. The enormous gap in public awareness of the scientific benefits of strictly regulated animal research fosters such misconceptions and encourages manipulation. Schools and universities can help to correct this by conveying the value of well presented, unbiased, evidence-based information from ethically evaluated animal experimentation to the widest audience.'
At around the same time, questions were also raised by antivivisection groups about the use of anaesthetised pigs to study blast injuries in the UK between 2006 and 2009. The tests 'saved many lives' in Iraq and Afghanistan due to improvements in post-traumatic techniques, defence minister Quentin Davies said in response.
The Sunday Times ran with the somewhat sensationalist line: 'Live pigs blasted in terror attack experiments'. But many of the online comments following the article suggested that the British public may be rather scornful of such attempts to raise sympathy for animals more commonly used for food. It seems that some other European countries can now claim to top the league of nations of animal lovers.
See also 'pig' in our A to Z of animals used in research. | <urn:uuid:69379631-ef91-4923-906a-d62978350dba> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.understandinganimalresearch.org.uk/news/communications-media/this-little-piggy/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00128-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.957639 | 595 | 2.515625 | 3 |
There have been many positive lessons presented by COVID-19. This challenge has provided a very timely opportunity to rethink what is most important to parents and their families – the need to keep children safe, happy, secure and to continue learning.
Education plays a very significant role in the lives of children. The ability of a school to adapt and be flexible to the changing needs of students, at the same time maintaining a strong sense of community and continuity of education is an essential service valued by most families, especially during the recent crisis.
With this in mind and following careful consideration of all government medical advice, as an independent school, Scots All Saints College, Bathurst was able to deliver a collaborative strategy with students, parents and teachers to transition to face to face classes from the start of Term 2 with all students from Pre-Kindergarten through to Year 12 back to classes earlier than most with a number of precautionary measures in place.
Head of Scots All Saints College, Mr John Weeks said: “Our priority has been the health and wellbeing of our College community yet remaining focussed on continuity of academic excellence for all of our students throughout this extremely worrying time, with the same programs being delivered remotely or in the classroom.”
“We listened to our parents, students and teachers who love coming to school not only to excel academically but to have that genuine interaction with teachers who care for them and their friends. Schools should be more than just bricks and mortar, it is where our students learn and live, where they make connections and form strong bonds that extend beyond the school gates into the future.”
Scots All Saints College is more fortunate than most with open spaces, two spacious main campuses in Bathurst with three distinct yet progressive learning environments:
• a dedicated Senior School learning environment for Years 9-12 students on Scots Campus;
• a specialised Middle School on All Saints Campus for Year 5-8 students who benefit from an individual student-centred learning approach in the critical formative years, and
• a Junior School (Pre-Kindergarten to Year 4) on All Saints Campus, Bathurst which offers the best start possible to a lifelong love of learning when children begin school.
Private College buses safely transport students from Millthorpe, Blayney and Orange directly to our campuses every morning and afternoon making it convenient for parents and students to enjoy a Scots All Saints education.
As a co-educational boarding school with two separate on-campus boarding centres and a number of facilities to enable students to ‘spread out’, Year 7 and 8 boarders have relocated to their new home in boarding on All Saints Campus which also has the benefit of enabling them to sleep-in and conveniently walk to classes in the Middle School.
In line with the Government and AIS recommendations to ‘reboot’ sport, Scots All Saints College has advanced with its ability to hold ‘Active Sports Afternoons’ in school time where students choose from a range of sports which encourage physical and mental fitness. These include orienteering, mountain biking, running, strength and conditioning, badminton, table tennis and individual training for down the track when winter sports like netball and rugby may kick off again.
Head of College, Mr Weeks said now was the perfect time for parents and students in the Central West region to review, rethink and rewrite their child’s educational future, exploring what they value about schooling.
“Students have the opportunity to start fresh and finish strong. As a College, we have proven we can be agile yet flexible to be able to alter our school operations in line with the medical advice and any further changing circumstances to continue to thrive.”
“I’m very proud of the way students have adapted to their new procedures to keep our school a safe and happy ‘space to be’.”
“Our school is blessed with a caring and dedicated staff who have worked exceptionally hard to prepare the school for the return of our students. They are an impressive team who have responded quickly to ever-changing circumstances in a most positive way,” Mr Weeks said.
Students and their parents from across Orange and the Central West region are invited to explore Scots All Saints College by attending an upcoming ‘Try Us’ Experience Day and Boarding Sleepover. Simply talk to us on 6333 4726 to find out more and to discuss scholarship opportunities. Be quick as there are limited spots available to secure your child’s place. Now enrolling for 2021. | <urn:uuid:5779e5c9-a481-4048-ad8c-761760581bd9> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://scotsallsaints.nsw.edu.au/space-to-be-valued-rethink-and-rewrite-your-childs-education-with-scots-all-saints-college-bathurst/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573399.40/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818185216-20220818215216-00076.warc.gz | en | 0.963933 | 933 | 1.820313 | 2 |
Adult dimensions: Height up to 0.60 m, width up to 0.60 m.
Foliage: Semi-evergreen, perennial.
Type of soil: Any, well drained.
Hardiness: Hardy to -10°C.
Site: Full light.
Properties and uses:
The sage ‘Melen’ has been selected especially for its regular compact shape and many branches. Its pinkish white blossom is spectacular and offers an abundance of flowers from the beginning of May right through to the first frosts.
Its foliage is slightly scented.
This sage is highly drought resistant when settled in, but do not hesitate to spread mulch at its foot in areas with harsh winters.
It will create a surprise whether planted in a low hedge, in a border or even in a pot with ornamental grasses.
To keep its superb compact effect, you must cut it well back after the last frost.
List of Sages:
• Sage, Baby (Salvia grahamii), abundant small vivid pink flowers. Slightly scented fine foliage.
• Sage, Pluenn (Salvia x jamensis 'Pluenn'), spectacular vivid pink blossom. Scented fine foliage. | <urn:uuid:7fbbd9aa-da71-4dbf-9128-b15d729a2362> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.planfor.co.uk/buy,sage-melen,1109,EN | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560283301.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095123-00507-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.891634 | 255 | 1.5625 | 2 |
Introdution of Terracotta Army
The Terracotta Warriors and Horses are life size terracotta sculptures created more than 2000 years ago to be buried with Emperor Qin Shi Huang, China's first emperor. They were discovered in March, 1974 by farmers who were digging a well in the Shaanxi Province, about. 99 miles east of the Emperor Qin Shi Huang's tomb at Mount Li in China. The construction of the Terracotta Warriors and Horses began when the Emperor took power. He was only 13 years old, and spent much of his life searching for immortality. His massive tomb encompassed 20 square miles, and thanks to the work of more than 700,000 laborers, his underground tomb included more than 8000 warriors, 670 horses, 130 chariots, and many other sculptures to protect him and entertain him in the afterlife.
The Terracotta Army was discovered on 29 March 1974 to the east of Xi'an in Shaanxi province by farmers digging a water well approximately 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) east of the Qin Emperor's tomb mound at Mount Li (Lishan), a region riddled with underground springs and watercourses. For centuries, occasional reports mentioned pieces of terracotta figures and fragments of the Qin necropolis – roofing tiles, bricks and chunks of masonry. This discovery prompted Chinese archaeologists to investigate, revealing the largest pottery figurine group ever found in China.
A museum complex has since been constructed over the area, with the largest pit enclosed within with a large structure.
The Eighth Wonder of the World was discovered in 1974 by Yang Peiyang, a peasant farmer, whilst digging for a well in the fields at Xiyang. At a depth of 4 metres the farmers found pottery fragments, followed by the pottery torso of a man.
arrived to begin excavations and they discovered that the site
consisted of 3 pits, filled with terracotta statues and horses, and was
infact the mausoleum of the Emperor Qin Shihuang. More than 8000
warriors and horses were unearthed, along with over 100 wooden chariots.
It appears that Emperor Qin ordered his mausoleum to be constructed
prior to his death, taking over 20 years to complete.
the warriors were originally made, each was modelled on a fellow
soldier, giving each one its own individual size, style and facial
expressions. They were also painted with plant extracts, but on
excavations, these colours faded within a few days, reverting the
warriors to their original colours.
the archaelogisits discovered the pits containing the warriors, they
found the bodies to be in many pieces, the pits having been raided and
ransacked by opposing forces, the weapons plundered and the warriors
smashed. Only one warrior, a kneeling archer, remained totally intact.
The task of restoration was immense and a project that will continue for
many years to come, as many of the lines of warriors are still totally
covered awaiting excavation.
excavation site is now covered by exhibition halls, preventing the
modern day pollutants from attacking and further damaging these ancient
wonders. This also allows millions of visitors the chance to view this
magnificent piece of Chinese History!
Types and appearance
The terracotta figures are life-sized. They vary in height, uniform, and hairstyle in accordance with rank. The faces appear different for each individual figure, scholars however have identified 10 basic face shapes. The figures are of these general types: armored warriors; unarmored infantrymen; cavalrymen who wear a pillbox hat; helmeted driver of chariots with more armor protection; spear-carrying charioteers; kneeling archers who are armored; standing archers who are not; as well as generals and other lower-ranking officers. There are however many variations in the uniforms within the ranks, for example, some may wear shin pads while others not; they may wear either long or short trousers, some of which may be padded; and their body armors vary depending on rank, function, and position in formation. There are also terracotta horses placed among the warrior figures.
the figures were painted with bright pigments, variously coloured pink,
red, green, blue, black, brown, white and lilac. The coloured lacquer
finish and individual facial features would have given the figures a
realistic feel. However, much of the colour coating had flaked off or
become greatly faded.
scholars have speculated a possible Hellenistic link to these
sculptures, due to the lack of life-sized and realistic sculptures prior
to the Qin dynasty. They argued that potential Greek influence is
particularly evident in some terracotta figures such as those of
acrobats, as well as the technique used for casting bronze sculptures.
The terracotta army figures were manufactured in workshops by government laborers and local craftsmen using local materials. Heads, arms, legs, and torsos were created separately and then assembled by luting the pieces together. When completed, the terracotta figures were placed in the pits in precise military formation according to rank and duty.
The faces were created using molds, and at least ten face molds may have been used. Clay was then added after assembly to provide individual facial features to make each figure appear different. It is believed that the warriors' legs were made in much the same way that terracotta drainage pipes were manufactured at the time. This would classify the process as assembly line production, with specific parts manufactured and assembled after being fired, as opposed to crafting one solid piece and subsequently firing it. In those times of tight imperial control, each workshop was required to inscribe its name on items produced to ensure quality control. This has aided modern historians in verifying which workshops were commandeered to make tiles and other mundane items for the terracotta army.
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India's International Fellows
The government of India has taken several initiatives towards the international exposure of scientists working in India in addition to providing lucrative incentives to bring back the eminent scientists to the country vis-a-vis implementation of several International Fellowship Programmes / Schemes.
These International Fellowships include:
i) Fellowships for attracting highly skilled, outstanding researchers and scientists of Indian origin working abroad by providing them an attractive avenue to pursue their R&D interests in Indian Institutions.
ii) Fellowships providing opportunities to the best and brightest Indian students/ researchers / scientists to go abroad and gain exposure to world class research facilities and peers in leading institutions, thereby helping to build long-term R&D linkages and collaborations.
iii) Besides these, Indian scientists regularly apply for other international fellowships and their contributions are significant in the international arena.
These efforts have helped develop a pool of talents who are helping in the furtherance of excellence in science in the country. This Section provides information regarding the scholars honoured with these International Fellowships, the year of award, their affiliations and their area of work. It includes information regarding scholars like Ramanujan Fellows, Ramalingaswami Fellows, Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance Fellows, Fulbrighters, Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) Fellows, Indo-Australia Early and Mid-Career Researchers (EMCR) and so on...
India International Talents
|Manish Kumar Mishra||Fulbright Fellow||2020||Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; American University, Washington||Regular Bernstein Blocks|
|Enakshi Ghosh||Fulbright Fellow||2020||National Centre for Biological Sciences (NCBS), Bengaluru; Colorado State University, Fort Collins||Impact of Plant Defense Variation on Herbivore Immunity Shaping Tri-trophic Interactions|
|Bodhisatta Nandy||Fulbright Fellow||2020||Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur; University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle||Investigation of the Metabolomic Basis of Post-mating Response and Its Genotype-based Variation in Female Drosophila melanogaster|
|Raja Pramanik||Fulbright Fellow||2020||All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi; The University of Chicago, Illinois||Establishing a Registry for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancers (HBOC) and Germline DNA Repository at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi|
|Asokan Ramasamy||Fulbright Fellow||2020||ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (ICAR-IIHR), Bengaluru; North Carolina State University, Raleigh||Developing High-frequency Genome Edits of the Globally Significant Agricultural Pest, the Fall Armyworm, Spodotera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), through Non-embryonic Transformation|
|Neelam Saikia||Fulbright Fellow||2020||Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru; University of Virginia, Charlottesville||Hypergeometric Series and Modular Forms|
|Vineeth Chintala||Fulbright Fellow||2020||Independent Scholar, Hyderabad; University of California, San Diego||Clifford Algebras and other Embeddings: Applications to Composition Algebras and Unimodular Rows|
|Tiju Cherian John||Fulbright Fellow||2020||Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), New Delhi; University of South Carolina, Columbia||Quantum Gaussian States and Quantum Gaussian channels|
|Shahid UL Islam||Fulbright Fellow||2020||Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi; University of California, Davis||Development and Investigation of Bio nanocomposites as a New Generation of Environmentally Friendly Functional Finishing Agents for Textile Materials|
|Suraj Yadav||Fulbright Fellow||2020||Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune; University of Southern California, Los Angeles||Connectivity Theorems in Motivic Homotopy Theory| | <urn:uuid:533ec55e-a61f-40b4-86ea-c22a04343904> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.indiascienceandtechnology.gov.in/india-international-fellows?page=7 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571210.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810191850-20220810221850-00476.warc.gz | en | 0.800883 | 912 | 2.15625 | 2 |
RCRA Waste Management Compliance and Training
RCRA, or the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, authorizes EPA to regulate the waste management and disposal activities of industrial and municipal waste generators; treatment, storage, and disposal facilities (TSDFs); and waste transporters. Thousands of individuals and facilities, from the local dry cleaner to hazardous waste incinerators, are regulated by RCRA. It should not be confused with CERCLA (Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act), often referred to as Superfund, which among other things regulates the accidental release and cleanup of hazardous wastes.
RCRA Regulates Cradle to Grave
Under Subtitle C of RCRA, all hazardous waste and solid waste must be managed from its generation to final disposal, known as “cradle to grave.” The waste is tracked with a hazardous waste manifest—a shipping document that travels with hazardous waste from the point of generation, through transportation, to the final TSDF. This tracking form is at the heart of the EPA hazardous waste management system.
RCRA also authorizes states to develop and enforce their own waste management programs once they are approved by EPA.
Other RCRA Regulations
Subtitle D of RCRA governs the management and disposal of solid waste, especially the design and operation of municipal solid waste landfills and other solid waste disposal facilities. It regulates the management of household garbage and nonhazardous industrial solid waste.
Subtitle I of RCRA regulates the storage of petroleum products and hazardous substances in underground storage tanks.
RCRA Penalties Can Be Severe!
If you violate RCRA hazardous waste rules, you can be fined $37,500 per day per violation. If you knowingly break RCRA regulations, you can be fined $50,000 per day per violation and be sentenced to 5 years in prison. States that run their own RCRA programs can impose their own penalties in addition to the federal penalties.
RCRA Compliance Examples and Other Tools to Help YOU!
Enviro.BLR.com® provides comprehensive state and federal RCRA compliance analysis. It also offers extensive RCRA compliance and training guidance documents, sample plans, forms, and checklists.
Some of the most used RCRA compliance tools available from BLR include:
- RCRA regulatory analysis, including the complete RCRA law and EPA regulations
- EPA guidance documents
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If you need a RCRA compliance solution, BLR has it!
More about RCRA
Other Environmental Topics | <urn:uuid:f6d01dae-7120-4ef6-9372-275755b9fcff> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.blr.com/environmentaltips/rcra | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00067-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.907487 | 536 | 2.640625 | 3 |
MIAMI, Fla. — President Barack Obama is set to make history.
In just over one week, he will embark on a planned trip to Cuba, marking the first visit to the island by a U.S. president in 80 years.
Ask the White House, and the trip represents one of the crowning achievements of Obama's foreign policy, the culmination of years of tough negotiation and proof that Obama's commitment to hard-nosed diplomacy — with both America's allies and enemies — can work.
"Engagement stands a better chance of advancing our interests and values than isolation," Ben Rhodes, deputy national security adviser for strategic communication, recently told Mic in an exclusive interview in Washington, D.C.
Rhodes, who was one of the chief architects of the Cuba policy, said normalization of U.S.-Cuba relations could ultimately pave the wave for a broad range of benefits, such as educational exchanges, expanded cultural ties, mutually beneficial business ventures, and perhaps most importantly, a pathway to reconciliation between the American and Cuban people.
That, of course, is the dream — and it stands in striking contrast to the current, harsh reality.
Only Getting Worse
If you look closely, you see a nation with a dismal track record on human rights violations — chief among them that the Cuban government stands accused of repressing dissent and rounding up and detaining political prisoners. Artist Danilo Maldonado aka "El Sexto" planned to release two pigs on which he painted the names Fidel and Raúl Castro. Before he could, he was arrested and detained without charges for 10 months, before recently being released amid a series of protests. Artist Tania Bruguera was also detained recently for reading Hannah Arendt's The Origins of Totalitarianism aloud at her home.
These are abuses that don't square with American hopes for a free democracy in Cuba — and there are many signs that these egregious violations are only getting worse.
According to the Cuban Commission for Human Rights and National Reconciliation, there was was a marked increase in reports of arbitrary detentions in 2014 — the same year Obama announced the U.S. would normalize diplomatic relations.
In the most recent debate, Rubio laid out his requirements for working with Cuba as president.
"Cuba has free elections," Rubio said. "Cuba stops putting people in jail for speaking out. Cuba has freedom of the press. Cuba kicks out the Russians from Lourdes and kicks out the Chinese listening station in Bejucal. Cuba stops helping North Korea evade U.N. sanctions. Cuba takes all of those fugitives of American justice, including that cop-killer from New Jersey, and send her back to the United States and to jail where she belongs, and you know what? Then we can have a relationship with Cuba."
Meanwhile, Cruz attacked Obama's trip on Twitter:
Both contend that engagement has served only to legitimize the Castro regime and eliminate America's leverage to pressure Cuba for change.
The duality of the real hope that good will foment between the U.S. and Cuba in contrast to the real fear that America is legitimizing the atrocities of the Castro regime can be felt acutely in Miami, which has an estimated Cuban population of about 125,000, the largest in the United States. In speaking with young Cuban-Americans here, it is quite clear that unlike previous generations, millennials are generally supportive of Obama's policy. But they are also clear to emphasize that Obama must use his visit to pressure Cuba to become more democratic if he is to maintain the support of the Cuban-American community.
It's all about millennials.
There has been a striking shift in Americans' public opinion toward Cuba over the past two decades, and much of it has been fueled by millennials.
"There has been a shift in the opinion of the Cuban-American community," Rhodes told Mic. "A lot of that shift has been driven by a younger generation."
That sentiment, of course, is not universally shared, but public polling indeed bears this out:
A large part of that shift, according to former CNN anchor Soledad O'Brien, whose mother is Cuban, can be attributed to the fact that millennials are several generations removed from former Cuban President Fidel Castro's rule.
"The generational gap is so huge," O'Brien told Mic. "Young people think of Fidel Castro as someone's grandfather."
Indeed, millennial Cuban-Americans say they are able to talk about Cuba openly and honestly, in a way that would have been unthinkable for previous generations. "It's talked about differently amongst our friends than our parents and grandparents," Alana Greer, a second-generation Cuban-American who lives in Miami, told Mic. "For our generation, there is a reconnection, without some of the baggage that our parents' or grandparents' generation feels."
A Complicated Picture
But while millennial Cuban-Americans are generally supportive of Obama's Cuba policy, they also share concerns over the country's ongoing human rights crisis.
On Friday, young Cuban-Americans aired their grievances to Rhodes at a town hall event at Miami Dade College organized by the White House and Roots of Hope, a Cuban student and young professional organization. The forum, which was intended to give young Cuban-Americans an opportunity to speak with Rhodes ahead of the president's visit, took on a testy tone at times, with the bulk of student criticism revolving around human rights.
Rhodes, well aware of these challenges, revealed that Obama will be meeting with a roundtable of dissidents and human rights activists, in addition to government officials like President Raúl Castro, during his visit.
Rhodes also reaffirmed his belief that engagement, not isolation, will put the United States in a better position to pressure the Cuban government to change. "The Cuban government used the embargo, and our policy of isolation, as a source of legitimacy for decades," Rhodes told Mic. "Isolation and pressure did not achieve its objectives. Our belief is that in opening up relations, we are going to be in a much better position to support the human rights situation."
High Stakes, High Reward
For young Cuban-Americans, the success of the president's trip hinges on whether he is actually able to apply this pressure.
"There is definitely light that something could happen, with this opening," Jose Diaz, a student at Miami Dade College who emigrated from Cuba four years ago, told Mic. "But I have many friends and family that do not accept this trip. President Obama needs to actually see [what it's like for] the Cuban people, including the working class of Cuba, and not just stick to an agenda that is orchestrated by the government."
Millennials said they are looking for Obama to send a bold message on his upcoming trip, not just participate in fun, attention-grabbing cultural activities like attending a baseball game.
"Many people want Obama to make a statement," Wilfredo Fernandez, a second-generation Cuban-American and Miami entrepreneur, told Mic. "That he is going to meet with some dissidents is a statement in it of itself, but what happens in his bilateral meeting [with Castro] will really set the tone."
What's clear in talking to young Cuban-Americans is there is a lot riding on Obama's visit. While Rhodes certainly recognizes the challenges ahead, that doesn't make them any easier to solve.
The president will have to prove, through both his words and actions, that engagement is a better pathway to democracy than isolation. Obama's foreign policy legacy hangs in the balance. | <urn:uuid:76926dc1-899f-43ad-86ed-228aa5111241> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://mic.com/articles/137750/here-s-what-young-cuban-americans-really-think-about-president-obama-s-cuba-trip | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560282140.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095122-00124-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.971505 | 1,560 | 2.09375 | 2 |
Low frequency RFID works on the principle of radio waves and at the frequency of 125 KHz. There is a coil inside the RFID tag and when it is influenced by magnetic field, it sends an identity code to a device for further processing. (For more details, refer interfacing RFID with AT89C51).
The RFID tag is used as an identity for a particular user. If the identity (serial number of the tag) of the user is matched with the one already stored in this system, he gets immediate access through it. This RFID based secured access system also has many additional features. For example, a new user can register himself with the system. A registered user can also withdraw his entry from the system. These features can be accessed by pressing a tactile switch connected to the microcontroller.
In beginning, the user is prompted to scan his tag or ID. The serial code of the tag is identified by the reader module and is sent to AT89C51 for checking. If the ID is matched by the microcontroller, the user gets the access. On the contrary, if the tag is not identified, a message (‘Wrong ID’) is displayed on LCD screen.
A new user needs to press the switch to register after which his identity is verified twice with RFID tag. The new record is stored by the microcontroller to grant future access. The system also shows ‘Error’ if the tags do not match during verification. An existing user can delete his record by pressing the same switch. Again the verification is carried out and the user is deleted if the IDs match. If a different tag is scanned through the reader, LCD displays ‘you have shown different ID’.
When an RFID tag comes in this range, the reader detects it and sends a unique code of the tag serially. This serial code, consisting of 12 bytes, is received by the microcontroller. This code is treated as an ID for the user and is stored as an array in the microcontroller. If the ID is matched with this code, the user is granted access though the system. For more details on working and connections of the circuit, refer RFID interfacing through serial interrupt. | <urn:uuid:44ecbc32-89bd-485e-8163-b657eef1c3b2> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.engineersgarage.com/microcontroller/8051projects/rfid-secured-access-system-at89c51-circuit | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00513-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.954667 | 455 | 3.59375 | 4 |
- When using the device in cached mode where RAM is the cache the cache block size is 4kb. I assume that a cache miss does 16 256-byte reads from the Optane device before returning to the user.
- The paper doesn't explain the endurance for the device. The word "endurance" doesn't occur in the paper. I read elsewhere that Optane might provide ~60 DWPD. Update - I assume that endurance isn't mentioned because the vendor has yet to disclose that info.
- The paper states that the Optane DIMM uses a protocol that supports variable response time but doesn't explain how much it varies. How does response time variance in Optane compare to a NAND-flash SSD where the stalls can be bad?
- The Optane DIMM does 256 byte reads and writes. I wonder if that prevents 4kb page writes from being atomic when this is used for a filesystem assuming copy-on-write isn't done internally, as it might be for Nova.
- There is wear-leveling. I am not sure whether that has a name yet. I saw one blog post that called it the XTL to match the FTL used by NAND flash. I am also curious about the latency impact from doing lookups on the XTL to determine locations for 256 byte blocks. The XTL is cached in RAM and a 256g device needs ~4g of RAM assuming each 256 byte block uses 4 bytes in the XTL.
- Nova does much better than XFS and ext4 on Optane. Nova is a research filesystem from NVSL that exploits new features in Optane.
- They modified RocksDB to make the memtable persistent and avoid the need for a WAL. It will be interesting to learn whether that turns out to be useful.
Requests I have for the next Optane performance paper:
- For mixed and concurrent workloads include response time latencies -- average+variance or a histogram. This paper reports the average latency for single-threaded read-only and write-only. For mixed+concurrent workloads this paper reports average throughput which combines read and write performance. It is hard to determine whether reads or writes degrade more from concurrency and a mixed workload.
- For any workload include information about response time variation whether that is variance or a histogram
- Provide numbers to accompany graphs because some of the graphs are hard to understand without numbers when the lines converge in one part and diverge in another because the range for the y-axis is large. Figure 18 is one example. | <urn:uuid:6b5e5462-b87b-40b8-a236-06dcceb5b191> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://smalldatum.blogspot.com/2019/04/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571090.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809215803-20220810005803-00068.warc.gz | en | 0.932681 | 532 | 1.71875 | 2 |
|Marius King of Siluria & Britons
Marius King of Siluria & Britons 42
- Born: Bef 0100, Born 0045 32
- Marriage (1): Penardun of Siluria
- Marriage (2): Julia of the Iceni
- Died: 0125 42
Other names for Marius were Marius of Siluria and Meric.
Noted events in his life were:
• Fact: Coel's father could be Cyllin of Britain rather than Marius.
• Fact 12: aka: Marius of Siluria / Meric.
Marius married Penardun of Siluria, daughter of Bran the Blessed and Anna of Arimathea.
Marius next married Julia of the Iceni. | <urn:uuid:42baaff1-e479-4362-ab37-accc4eb5b464> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~mountainlight/1665.htm | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279368.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00323-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.82678 | 158 | 1.882813 | 2 |
The start of a new year is a good time to take stock of your finances and pledge to do better. Here are Americans' top five money-related resolutions for 2019, according to Principal Financial Services -- and how to pull them off.
1. Save more money each month
Saving more on a monthly basis tops Americans' list of goals for the coming year, and one of the easiest ways to do so is to automate your savings. The logic here is simple: You can't spend money you never see, so if you arrange to have a portion of each paycheck land directly in your savings account, you'll avoid the temptation to blow that money on other things instead. If you're doing well on near-term or emergency savings, sign up for your employer's 401(k) plan and have money from each paycheck sent to your retirement plan. If you don't have access to a 401(k), find an IRA that offers an automatic savings option instead.
2. Reduce spending each month
Saving money and spending less go hand in hand, so if you're serious about cutting costs, it's crucial that you take the time to create a budget. This way, you'll see where your money is going, which of your expenses are nonnegotiable, and where you have room to cut corners. Once you have that budget in place, you might choose to reduce one substantial expense to significantly lower your spending. Sure, you could pledge to cut out your $4 latte twice a week, but that'll only reduce your spending by about $32 a month. On the other hand, if you decide to move to a less pricey apartment, you might save $300 a month.
3. Pay off credit card debt
Credit card debt is bad news, so eliminating it is a smart goal to strive for. To start, take a look at your various balances, see which have the highest interest rates, and tackle those first. At the same time, you might consider transferring your balances onto a new card with a lower interest rate, which could help you pay off that debt sooner. Of course, you'll need cash to pay down that debt, but you can get it by cutting back on expenses or getting a side job. Either way, the sooner you get rid of those nagging balances, the less money you'll throw away on interest.
4. Build an emergency fund
An estimated 58% of Americans have less than $1,000 in the bank. Your emergency fund, however, should contain a minimum of three months' worth of living expenses so that you're covered in case your car breaks down, your home needs repairs, or you lose your job and need income while you search for a new one. Therefore, if you're sitting on, say, $500 in savings, you'll need to do better. Once again, cutting back on expenses and working a second gig on top of your main job will help you boost your cash reserves more quickly. At the same time, be smart about banking any extra cash you get -- a $1,000 year-end bonus could be a nice addition to your savings account, as could a $200 check for the holidays from your generous parents.
5. Save more for retirement
The more money you sock away for retirement, the more comfortable a lifestyle you'll have access to as a senior. Beginning in 2019, workers under 50 will have the option to contribute up to $19,000 a year to a 401(k) and $6,000 a year to an IRA. Those 50 and over, meanwhile, get a catch-up provision that brings these limits up to $25,000 and $7,000, respectively. Of course, maxing out a retirement plan is easier said than done, but if you pledge to simply do better than you did the previous year, it'll make a big difference over time.
Case in point: Imagine you've been saving $300 a month in your IRA thus far. If you continue to save $300 a month for the next 30 years and your investments generate an average annual 7% return during that time, you'll add $340,000 to your nest egg. But if you manage to save $400 a month instead over that same time frame and generate that same return, you'll end up with an extra $453,000.
Making a list of financial resolutions is one thing; sticking to them is a whole other story. But if you commit to the goals you set, you'll have a lot more to celebrate at the end of 2019.
The $16,728 Social Security bonus most retirees completely overlook If you're like most Americans, you're a few years (or more) behind on your retirement savings. But a handful of little-known "Social Security secrets" could help ensure a boost in your retirement income. For example: one easy trick could pay you as much as $16,728 more... each year! Once you learn how to maximize your Social Security benefits, we think you could retire confidently with the peace of mind we're all after. Simply click here to discover how to learn more about these strategies.
The Motley Fool has a disclosure policy. | <urn:uuid:793bbfd3-abcb-40b7-a676-12967caacdb0> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.foxbusiness.com/markets/americans-top-5-financial-resolutions-for-2019-and-how-to-keep-them | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572221.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816060335-20220816090335-00072.warc.gz | en | 0.957851 | 1,059 | 1.984375 | 2 |
The elaborate guide 2020 | Dunning as a process for payment of debt
Historically, the term dunning had a very different context to which it would be in a SaaS context today.
What Did Dunning Previously Mean?
The historical use of dunning relates most typically to the collection of debts.
If a company used intimidation tactics or harassment to collect payments, for example, they were said to be dunning.
The term itself comes from the phrase Delinquent User Notification.
Dunning could and still can take many forms. It might be a reminder that payment is overdue, or it could be something more severe like a final or instant demand for payment.
Dunning in Relation to SaaS
Today, dunning still exists. If we ever miss a payment on our credit card or smartphone bill we might even be subject to dunning at various levels as individuals.
However, what we want to focus on is its relevance to you in your SaaS business. How can you use different dunning techniques as a customer service tool that will also protect and help you to grow your revenue?
What Does Dunning Mean in a SaaS Context?
As a SaaS business, you need a dunning process. If you're in any subscription business, you need a dunning process.
9% of 500 equals 45 payments a month that will fail. Customers' credit cards will expire. Some customers might have lost theirs and cancelled it. There'll be network issues, cards declined, and a myriad of other potential problems.
Most of the time, customers don't even notice the problem; and this is where dunning will be useful to your business. If your subscription management platform has this feature, you can alert customers on-time and ensure they experience no service interruptions. An efficient dunning process is also a fantastic opportunity to enhance the trust customers have in you.
What You Want Dunning to Achieve for Your Business
The beautiful thing about having dunning management in your subscription management platform is that you can automate the entire process.
What can dunning management do for you?
Notify Customers of a Problem
Notifications should be the first port of call in your dunning strategy.
Don't cancel your customers' subscription the moment their transaction fails, and you do not receive a payment. Instead, let them know there's been a problem, explain that you'll maintain access to their account for a specified period and that you'll try to retake payment shortly.
Ensure you give your customers enough time to update their details or take the necessary action.
Retry Failed Payments
You've given your customers a period of grace, so you need the system to try and take payment after this time.
The number of times you try to take payment is up to you. However, beware that your subscription management platform might limit this or work to timelines.
So long as you have told customers at what point you will cancel their services, you have done as much as you can.
Let You know of Data Related to Failed Payments, Dunning, and Churn
A great dunning management platform will be able to show you a summary of failed payments. Also, you should be able to see data around how many of your customers updated their payment details, and how many you lost.
Knowing this will enable you to plan out your communications to customers.
When you take payment details, you will have the customer's card expiry date. You can feed this into your customer relationship management (CRM) system to provide reminders to customers in advance of their card expiring.
Over time, you can also change up your reminder emails. If you have enough subscribers and many failed payments per month, you could even A/B test reminder emails to see which ones inspire action.
Manage Customer Permissions
One way to reduce instances of payment failure is to get permission from your customers to get updated details from credit card providers.
Instead of emailing your customers to remind them to update their details, you would contact the card issuer and get the new card details.
Reducing Involuntary Churn and Improving Customer Experiences with Dunning
Involuntary churn is when you lose a customer due to payment failure (also often referred to as “technical churn”). The customer didn't want to unsubscribe, but the failed payment led to you canceling their account. You shouldn't take it for granted that customers will come back. They're just as likely to remember that you didn't give them any time to fix the issue and will look for an alternative. Think about youroverall churn rate. What percentage of this is involuntary churn? What could you do about it?
If you don’t proactively manage dunning yourself, you’re telling customers that their card is expiring or whatever happened is their problem. By automating the process, you’re maximizing your potential to keep the customer. You are taking ownership while still letting your customers deal with the issue on their terms.
Using Dunning in Your SaaS Business
By adopting an effective dunning strategy, you will enhance the security and trustworthiness associated with your brand. You’ll also make transactional interactions with your customer more seamless and improve yourretention rate.
Payments are going to fail. It’s a fact.
How you position your business to deal with it, or to reduce the number of occurrences, will help your business grow in the long term.
Anne Egdal is the Project Manager at Bonzer and has a passion for SEO work, which she is also specialized in. She provide external material and advice to Upodi, that contribute to more organic traffic coming to Upodi and an important player when it comes to creating more awareness.
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In 2011, the consulting firm McKinsey & Co caught headlines when they predicted that in a mere seven years the newly minted “Data Scientist” role would have a 200,000-person talent deficit. This prediction gave enormous credibility to the idea that the economy as a whole was moving toward becoming more data driven, and the study continues to be quoted even today, appearing as recently as last December in TechCrunch. Although different research firms and publications may give slightly different deficit predictions and timelines, there is a consistent message that can be found throughout all of them. Namely, we don’t have enough people with the skills to do the job. And we won’t anytime soon.
Fast forward to today and how this has changed. To find that, we look towards the fine people at RedMonk who have kept the project going. The below represents language rankings as they stood in January 2016.
What do language rankings have to do with the Data Scientist talent gap?
It’s all starting to make a lot of sense that we’re looking a 200k person deficit, isn’t it? No wonder any person with that entire skill set is colloquially termed a “unicorn.”
1) The IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
2) The Libraries
An IDE is great but it’s only going to be as good as the algorithms you’re able to create through it. The ability to efficiently create meaningful algorithms is key to any good data science stack and, in large part, is dependent upon available libraries and the communities behind them. The balance between powerful yet usable libraries (e.g. nltk, sciki-learn, scipy, numpy, pandas) that make statistical and machine learning tasks more approachable is largely credited for Python’s position as a pervasive and essential data science language. Just check out Github and you’ll see how big the community is around these tools. NLTK has over 3,000 stars, pandas has over 6,000, and scikit-learn has over 11,000 (with nearly 600 contributors!) But look closely at NPM and you’ll see a growing community of comparable packages being written in Node. Don’t believe me? Check out this great presentation by Sean Byrnes, the founder of Flurry, at last year’s Node Summit. Want to implement a multi-arm bandit algorithm? Use Percipio. How about import a Bloom Filter as a self-contained module? Use Bloom.js. While Python without question has the upperhand right now, the growing number of data science packages in Node make it an increasingly feasible alternative.
All that being said, building a meaningful algorithm is not a trivial task. Even with the right tools, it’s far too easy to succumb to inferences that are not actually statistically significant or employ an inappropriate model for your data’s distribution type. Unless your data team has a person with advanced training in applied mathematics, you’re taking a risk when you try to roll your own algorithm from these packages and trust you know what you’re doing. In response to that, many large tech companies are stepping in to help you outsource the algorithmic work that might require an expert eye.Google, IBM, and Amazon all have these products and, you guessed it, they all come with a Node SDK. We’ve personally used IBM’s Bluemix for some internal projects and found it cut down our development time by a great amount.
3) The Processing
4) The Processing Alternative
5) The Pipelines
Astronomer for Data Scientists
Of course, as anyone who’s dabbled in data science knows, the key to discovering new intelligence is having reliable data in real-time—once data is in your hands, the fun stuff begins: processing, analysis, modeling, prediction, etc. If your organization wants to focus on insights, contact Astronomer, a platform for data engineering. We’ll make it easy to get the data you need, wherever you need it, meaning insights are closer than you think. | <urn:uuid:1c453599-024a-4ee8-a442-41d99b61911f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.astronomer.io/blog/5-javascript-tools-to-go-from-developer-to-data-scientist/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572286.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20220816090541-20220816120541-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.93113 | 2,638 | 1.921875 | 2 |
Languages provide a job advantage in a global economy. More and more businesses work closely with companies in other countries and need workers who can communicate in different languages and understand other cultures. In today's global environment, the knowledge of other languages and cultures is an absolute necessity, not only for economic and political survival, but also for international cooperation in dealing with problems facing the world today. If you have an interest in speaking French and Spanish fluently, or a third language, our two languages major is for you. Language training, integrated with a rich understanding of literatures, cultures and history, results in an acquired appreciation and understanding of other people and cultures. Given today's global economy, two languages majors have many career avenues to choose from after graduation.
Perks of Being a Two Language Major
- International study
A critical component of the foreign language experience, you will participate in one (or more) of our international education programs - short-term faculty-led study tours, language immersion, study abroad or international internships. Whether you choose France, Spain, Costa Rica or Peru (to name a few), you will have the opportunity to immerse yourself first-hand in language and culture.
- Thrive in today's global economy
Fluency in a language other than your own is key to understanding and fully participating in today's global economy. In addition, being a foreign language major assures a holistic appreciation of cultural patterns and linguistic excellence.
- Earn your teaching licensure
You can choose to earn a licensure to teach foreign language through coordination with the Cato School of Education.
You will have the opportunity to intern at a diverse group of sites including:
- Overseas aid agencies
- Drug Enforcement Agency
- Library of Congress
- U.S. State Department
- The United Nations
- Corporations with foreign subsidiaries
- Law firms
- Schools and universities
- Healthcare organizations
- Foreign news agencies
- Non-profit organizations
"Queens provided me with the flexibility to study abroad to master my language skills. My decision to study the Spanish language has served me in every job I have had. Spanish is not simply something to study, but a skill that will serve those who develop it for the rest of their lives." - Rebecca Garate '05
When You Graduate
Many of our two languages majors go on to graduate schools and rewarding careers in a number of fields including business, translation and interpretation, foreign service, education, tourism, law, diplomacy and government service, public policy, communications, tourism, journalism and non-profits.
"Learning Spanish and studying abroad in Costa Rica while at Queens motivated me to continue my education overseas, where I studied eco-innovation in France. I totally advocate learning languages and then doing a study abroad in that language. It can really change how you feel, see and interact in the world." - Ellie Ramm '09 | <urn:uuid:1a7cb120-50e4-4e58-9cd5-5a2db60d6517> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.queens.edu/Academics-and-Schools/Schools-and-Colleges/College-of-Arts-and-Sciences/Academic-Departments/World-Languages-Department/Degrees-and-Programs/BA-Two-Languages.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281649.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00442-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.938731 | 590 | 2.25 | 2 |
2 edition of Quantile regression models for global temperature change found in the catalog.
Includes bibliographic references (p. 8-9).
|Statement||Roger Koenker, Frank Schorfheide|
|Series||BEBR faculty working paper -- 93-0138, BEBR faculty working paper -- 93-0138.|
|Contributions||Schorfheide, Frank, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Bureau of Economic and Business Research, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. College of Commerce and Business Administration|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||8 p. ;|
Summary. Quantile regression is a popular and powerful method for studying the effect of regressors on quantiles of a response distribution. However, existing. The main focus of this book is to provide the reader with a comprehensive description of the main issues concerning quantile regression; these include basic modeling, geometrical interpretation, estimation and inference for quantile regression, as well as issues on validity of the model, diagnostic tools.
Temperature changes derived from quantile regression model slopes as well as P-values for the test of slope differences between counterfactual and experienced models are presented in Supplementary. Introduction. Global warming has become one of the most serious world problems today (Duan et al. ).During the Paris Climate Conference in , officially known as the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21), several goals for keeping the rise in global temperature well below 2° were set up (United Nations ).In order to combat climate change issues alongside economic prosperity .
the quantile regression method [Koenker ()]. Note that the conditional τ% quantile of y|x is p j=1 xijβ ∗ j +b ∗ τ where b∗ τ is the τ% quantile of ε. For brevity, we shall assume that the density function of ε is nonvanishing everywhere. Therefore b∗ τ is uniquely defined for any 0 Quantile regression. The Generalized Additive Model for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) is an approach to statistical modelling and learning. GAMLSS is a modern distribution-based approach to (semiparametric) regression.A parametric distribution is assumed for the response (target) variable but the parameters of this distribution can vary according to explanatory variables using linear, nonlinear or smooth.
Determination of the effects of heating on modal characteristics of an aluminum plate with application to hypersonic vehicles
Truth and poetry : from my own life
Skills and Enterprise Network
40 Pithy Truths Vol. 1
Why was it?
Traditional values of Acholi religion and culture for their evangelization
2000 Import and Export Market for Uncoated Iron and Steel Wire in Australia
From the land of lost content
White Lake reminiscences
Runner of the woods
preliminary study of expressed preferences and task efficiency in differing communication networks
Quantile regression, initiated by Koenker and Bassett (), offers an alternative trend-detection approach for identifying changes over time of any percentile values of climate variables (Barbosa ; Donner et al.
Koenker and Schorfheide () used quantile regression to reanalyze the global surface air temperature. Barbosa et al. () examined the changes in daily mean air Cited by: Quantile regression is a type of regression analysis used in statistics and econometrics.
Whereas the method of least squares estimates the conditional mean of the response variable across values of the predictor variables, quantile regression estimates the conditional median (or other quantiles) of the response le regression is an extension of linear regression used when the. Quantile regression (QR) is proposed to examine the relationships between large-scale atmospheric variables and all parts of the distribution of daily precipitation amount at Beijing Station from.
Using forest fire occurrence data collected in Fujian province, China, global quantile regression (QR) and geographically weighted quantile regression (GWQR) were applied to investigate the.
The quantile regression coefficient tells us that for every one unit change in socst that the predicted value of write will increase by We can show this by listing the predictor with the associated predicted values for two adjacent values.
Notice that for the one unit change from 41 to 42 in socst the predicted value increases by All of the above-mentioned studies tell us that the coefficients of quantile regression may not be constant all the time.
This paper is different from the above research in two important aspects. First, we discuss discriminant analysis for quantile regression models.
Second, we present the case of k categories, where k ≥ 2. A semi‐parametric regression approach to quantile estimation for daily temperature data is proposed, in which both the biases and inhomogeneity are negligible, and is applied to the calculation of the six percentile‐based Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) temperature extremes indices.
Ivana Komunjer, in Handbook of Economic Forecasting, QMLE and M-Estimation of Dynamic Conditional Quantile Models. While the traditional quantile regression estimators use one particular loss of (Y t-q t (θ)), the so-called “tick” or “check” loss ρ α () in Eq.
(2), Komunjer () and Komunjer and Vuong (b) show that there exists an entire family of Huber’s ( Quantile regression analysis differs from more conventional regression models in its emphasis on distributions. Whereas standard regression procedures show how the expected value of the dependent variable responds to a change in an explanatory variable, quantile regressions imply predicted changes for the entire distribution of the dependent variable.
Lecture Quantile regression Calibration Given a quantile regression or other model that estimates the ˝quantile we can shift the predictions by an amount chosen to make a proportion ˝of the Y^ i(˝) values below their corresponding Y iobservations.
This calibration is xed for all xand Z(x). As an attempt to address the above issues, Y&X proposed a semi‐parametric regression approach (Green and Silverman, ) to the climatological quantile estimation, particularly for deriving ETCCDI percentile‐based temperature extremes indices.
Percentiles for daily temperature are expressed by a quantile regression model (QRM) in the form. the lowest level (e.g., quantile) of a river, given the amount of snowpack; or the highest tempera-ture (e.g., the quantile), given cloud cover. Recent advances in computing allow the development of regression models for predicting a given quantile of the conditional distribution, both parametrically and nonparametrically.
The spatiotemporal quantile regression model assumes that each quantile level changes linearly in time, permitting straight-forward inference on the time trend for each quantile level.
Despite a global increase, these estimates represent the change in temperature (F) quantiles from to B-spline estimation for partially linear varying coefficient composite quantile regression models Jun Jin, Chenyan Hao and Tiefeng Ma 23 October | Communications in Statistics.
Quantile regression model outputs indicating asymmetry in temperature response of average daily load (a, c, d) and daily peak load (b, d, f) to dry-bulb temperature. Quantile regression models the relation between a set of predictors and specific percentiles (or quantiles) of the outcome variable For example, a median regression (median is the 50th percentile) of infant birth weight on mothers’ characteristics specifies the changes in the median birth weight as a function of the predictors.
This Brief presents quantile regression models from a practical perspective for practitioners within private or public organizations, who are interested in modeling different fragments of the conditional distribution of a given variable, especially considering energy markets.
Quantile regression for ecologists BS Cade and BR Noon Quantile regression was developed in the s by econo-metricians (Koenker and Bassett ) as an extension of the linear model for estimating rates of change in all parts of the distribution of a response variable.
The estimates are semiparametric in the sense that no parametric distribu. Table of Contents. Table of Contents. Part I: The Linear Regression Model Chapter 1: Econometrics Chapter 2: The Linear Regression Model Chapter 3: Least Squares Chapter 4: The Least Squares Estimator Chapter 5: Hypothesis Tests and Model Selection Chapter 6: Functional Form and Structural Change Chapter 7: Nonlinear, Semiparametric, and Nonparametric Regression Models Chapter 8:.
Quantile regression models for global temperature change. By Roger Koenker and Frank Schorfheide. Download PDF ( KB) Abstract. Includes bibliographic references (p. ) Topics: Global temperature changes.
Quantile regression estimates conditional quantiles and has wide applications in the real world. Estimating high conditional quantiles is an important problem. The regular quantile regression (QR) method often designs a linear or non-linear model, then estimates the coefficients to obtain the estimated conditional quantiles.
This approach may be restricted by the linear model setting. A guide to the implementation and interpretation of Quantile Regression models This book explores the theory and numerous applications of quantile regression, offering empirical data analysis as well as the software tools to implement the s: 3.
Climate change and large-scale climate patterns may result in changes in probability distributions of climate variables that are associated with changes in the mean and variability, and severity of extreme climate events. In this paper, we applied a flexible framework based on the Bayesian spatiotemporal quantile (BSTQR) model to identify climate changes at different quantile levels and . | <urn:uuid:956575b4-e22b-46cf-8f88-88f3b297051f> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://bokanycazavite.certifiedneighborhoodspecialist.com/quantile-regression-models-for-global-temperature-change-book-29403xi.php | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570868.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20220808152744-20220808182744-00077.warc.gz | en | 0.844056 | 2,103 | 2.15625 | 2 |
Danger to Our Democracy; American’s Real Income is Stuck in 1970’s yet Large High Tech Corporations Profit Billions. Can the American Dream live on?
The fact the the US and much of the world economy has transformed from an economy of Production – Labor and Material to an economy of Innovation, Higher Productivity and Knowledge was to be such a promising transformation. Yet it seems for good reasons that the American Dream is at risk!
The fact is that Real Income for most American’s is stuck in the 1970’s level while this year alone Amazon, Google, Microsoft and Intel profits are up by $2 Billion and revenue by $19 Billion. Very few are getting very rich while so many are struggling to sustain a “reasonable” standard of living. This immense growth of a small but powerful sector is a direct threat to our free markets, information and our democracy.
Productivity of the American worker has increased significantly in 40 years, yet real income has barely moved. Now we have these huge tech corporations with overwhelming power. Controlling information, accumulating wealth and disrupting the free market. Compress and legislation have fallen way behind! This emerging threat is lost on our political leadership as they are engaged primarily in being re-elected.
The time has come to address the impact these few powerful high tech corporations have on the American Dream, on our markets and democracy. No, I do not suggest that innovation and progress in high tech should be slowed. The opposite is true. But, that does not allow us to ignore the unintended consequences and begin to discuss how to assure that the US can sustain a middle class, free markets and a democracy in a world where so much power is concentrated in the hands of few while other struggle to maintain a “middle class” life.
We must assure the American Dream lives on! | <urn:uuid:d05982ef-6cda-4c7f-88bb-aec3cadebf49> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://michaelharrisphd.com/danger-to-our-democracy-americans-real-income-is-stuck-in-1970s-yet-large-high-tech-corporations-profit-billions/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572163.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20220815085006-20220815115006-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.943473 | 443 | 1.71875 | 2 |
A pipe support with “strut” used to support roof-mounted electrical conduit, solar piping, gas pipes, and other mechanical piping. Unique design absorbs thermal expansion and contraction of pipes thus preventing damage to the roof membrane. Pipes rest on a strut system which is made of hot-dip galvanized steel. The pipe support base is made of polycarbonate resin, and all other metal parts are made of hot-dip galvanized or stainless steel.
|Polycarbonate | Stainless Steel Available|
|The deck base is 9″ by 15.25″ and has a maximum channel length of 12".|
Max Pipe Clearance
|Adjustable support height from 4.25" to 13.25″.|
Max Load Weight
|Maximum load weight may not exceed 335 lbs. per pipestand.|
|Manufacturer’s recommended spacing is not to exceed 10 foot centers depending upon the load.| | <urn:uuid:adff6fe6-b775-4738-9759-9b4bbb6a47d1> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.miroind.com/products/12-base-strut-12/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572833.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220817001643-20220817031643-00275.warc.gz | en | 0.860321 | 213 | 1.90625 | 2 |
The County Counsel has prepared the following title and summary of the chief purpose and points of the proposed measure:
Shall a Charter Commission be Elected to Propose a Mendocino County Charter ?
It is being proposed that an initiative be placed on the ballot that will ask the voters if they want to elect fifteen (15) people to form a charter commission to draft a charter for the County.
This is a three - step process. First, the voters will decide if they want to elect commissioners to draft a proposed charter. Second, if a majority votes in favor of doing so, on the same ballot, the voters will be asked to choose fifteen commissioners.
Third, the fifteen candidates that receive the most votes w ill then draft a charter that, when completed, will be put to a vote of the people.
This Initiative must be adopted by a majority of the voters.
Dated: July 27, 2015 s/Douglas L. Losak Interim County Counsel County of Mendocino
Text of the Initiative: Shall a charter commission be elected to propose a Mendocino County charter? | <urn:uuid:92224238-069c-44dc-b2a4-58880113d24e> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://mendocinocountycharter.org/charter-county-initiative/9-initiative | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882570921.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20220809094531-20220809124531-00274.warc.gz | en | 0.941154 | 226 | 1.671875 | 2 |
Photo Credit: TN
Happy Independence Day Senegal: A Look At The History Of This Vibrant, West-African Nation
On April 4, 2022, the vibrant, west-African nation of Senegal celebrates its 62nd year as an independent nation. The bulk of the Independence Day program is held in Dakar, the capital city. Military personnel and civilians march, there are flags displayed everywhere, and onlookers, who are off from work and school, gather to mark the occasion.
Before France gained possession of Senegal, other European superpowers, including Portugal, Britain and Holland, wrestled for dominance. They were drawn to its beauty, rich resources and its location as a convenient gateway to the New World.
According to Discover Senegal, France “made Senegal an overseas territory,” and Gorée Island, just off the coast, was a launching point during the Atlantic Slave Trade. It’s possible to visit the island, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, via ferry from Dakar.
There is a fort on the island called the Slave House, which functions as a museum today. It was, according to the BBC, “one of the warehouses through which Africans passed on their way to the Americas.” Attempts to escape the Slave House would have been nearly impossible, as the surrounding waters were deep with strong undercurrents. Similar to the Door of No Return in Ghana, the sordid history of Gorée Island is palpable for Black visitors. The colorful houses, cobblestone streets and lack of cars provide only a small distraction. Among the island’s most famous visitors were Nelson Mandela and the Obamas.
But there is so much to Senegal outside of slavery. According to Today Tourism, “the earliest known human settlement in Senegal existed over 350,000 years ago,” and it was advanced. Before colonization, Senegal was ruled by a series of kingdoms. Bou El Mogdad, a cruise line operating on the Senegal River, highlights the Djolof kingdom as “the largest and most influential.” Its first bourb, or king, was Ndiadiane Ndiaye.
Compared to other nations, including those within the continent, Senegal is often overlooked. But it has great beaches, pleasant weather year-round, and a layered history. The chief languages are French and Wolof, and it’s beneficial to learn greetings and basic phrases in at least one of these. Teranga, which refers to warmth and hospitality, is a way of life for Senegalese people, and it shows in how they interact with each other. During religious holidays, Muslims, who make up most of the population, share food with Christians and other religious minorities. This giving spirit is extended to outsiders as well, but be sure to do your research on protocol and cultural norms.
Dakar is a multi-ethnic city, peppered with bustling markets, mosques and a booming surfing community. You’ll also find the African Renaissance monument, the tallest statue on the continent. Built in a socialist-realism style, it consists of a man, woman and child looking out to sea. When it was unveiled in 2010, then president Abdoulaye Wade said it was intended to commemorate Senegal’s independence. But there was backlash for a few reasons. It cost a fortune (the equivalent of 27 million dollars), and the partial nudity of the figures didn’t sit right with conservative onlookers. Some critics also questioned how pro-African the sculpture truly was, since it was built by North Koreans.
For all the controversy, the African Renaissance monument makes a bold statement and since it’s perched on a hill, it’s impossible to miss. Climb the steps for a closer look and, for a fee, you can take the elevator to the top of the man’s head. You’ll want to have your camera ready for the sweeping views of Dakar and the sea beyond. | <urn:uuid:f9c7de2a-b8e0-4258-9cec-c8c5ff320054> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://travelnoire.com/happy-independence-day-senegal-the-history-of-this-vibrant-west-african-nation | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571147.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810040253-20220810070253-00473.warc.gz | en | 0.960953 | 815 | 3.1875 | 3 |
- Have you ever heard of the ancient temple called Angkor Wat?
- Do you know where Angkor Wat is located?
- When do you think it was built?
- Look at the picture of Angkor Wat. How long do you think it took to build?
- What is a World Heritage Site?
- Do you know what an archaeologist does?
- temple: building used for praying
- moat: deep wide ditch of water built around a place for protection
- terraces: levels of sloping lands
- depict: show
- conquer: defeat; win a victory over enemies
- abandon: leave and not plan to return
- monk: member of a religious group living in a monastery
- mythology: collection of stories from long ago
- destination: place where someone is going
- come across: find by chance
Practice these new vocabulary words here: Angkor Wat
- Angkor Wat is an ancient temple that is located a few miles from the town of Siem Reap, Cambodia, Southeast Asia.
- Angkor Wat means "City Temple." It was built in the early 1100s for Suryavarman II, the king of the Khmer Empire, as part of his capital city. The Khmers ruled the area from about AD 800 to 1225. The temple was dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu and took 37 years to build. The huge structure is surrounded by a thick outer wall that is 15 feet high and over 2 miles long. The complex is protected by a moat, which is 600 feet wide.
- Angkor Wat is considered to be the most magnificent temple ever built by the Khmers. Made of sandstone, the pyramid-shaped complex has several terraces and small buildings. Five towers rise above these. The walls are covered with beautiful and intricate carvings and depict Hindu mythology, especially stories about the god Vishnu.
- The Thai Empire conquered the Khmers in the 1400s and the city of Angkor was abandoned. In about 1500, Buddhist monks began to use the temple (and still do today). Few other people knew about it, but there were rumors of an abandoned city. These rumors were proven true when French missionaries came across Angkor Wat in 1860. A French botanist named Henri Mahout started restoration work on the temple. The other buildings in the city had been taken over by thick jungle.
- Today, Angkor Wat is a symbol of Cambodia. Its image is on the Cambodian flag and in 1992 the United Nations declared it a World Heritage Site. It is now Cambodia's most popular tourist destination. Damage from visitors has been kept to a minimum and foreign government-sponsored archaeologists continue to restore it.
True or False. Read the statements below.
- Angkor Wat means ancient temple.
- Angkor Wat was built in the 12th century.
- When Angkor Wat was built, it was dedicated to a Buddhist monk.
- The Thai Empire expanded the city of Angkor.
- Tourists have destroyed Angkor Wat.
Post Reading Questions
- Where is Angkor Wat located?
- When was Angkor Wat build and for whom was it built?
- Briefly describe Angkor Wat.
- To whom was Angkor Wat dedicated?
- How was the structure of Angkor Wat protected?
- What happened when the Thai Empire conquered the Khmers?
- Who was Henri Mahout?
- How has Angkor Wat become a symbol of Cambodia?
- Have you ever visited a World Heritage Site?
- Do you think it is important to restore and preserve our historic sites?
- What is the most popular tourist destination in your country?
- What is the most magnificent structure you have ever seen? | <urn:uuid:43d42465-6673-42f9-8b80-1ddca507730e> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | https://tackk.com/citytemple | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719646.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00128-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.955329 | 796 | 3.40625 | 3 |
Airplanes of different sizes
This picture shows the cabin of the Twin Otter looking from the back of the cabin towards the cockpit. Along the left, you can see a number of instrument racks. These hold many of the instruments used on the aircraft. You can also see our fearless leader Bruce Albrecht operating the cloud radar. It's pretty obvious from the picture that this plane is quite a bit smaller than some of the other ones used in VOCALS like the NSF C-130! (Take a look at some of the other posts for pictures of the interiors of other aircraft). We typically have only two scientists on board the airplane, as compared to twenty or more on the NSF C-130. Despite the relatively small size, we manage to pack a lot of instruments onto the plane because we design the instruments to be compact and able to function without a dedicated person to watch over it. That's how we manage to collect a lot of different measurements in such a small space!
This will be my last postcard from Iquique as I'm leaving tomorrow. I hope that these posts helped you get a glimpse of what it's like to be an atmospheric scientist in the field!
Postcards from the Field: Climate Science from the Southeast Pacific | <urn:uuid:11722ed1-613e-44f9-82dd-67e3651b4f88> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.windows2universe.org/people/postcards/vocals/dr_patrick_chuang_11_13_0.html&edu=high | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988718957.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183838-00437-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.947568 | 257 | 2.765625 | 3 |
This article will trace the history of tribal criminal jurisdiction following the arrival of the colonists, through the foundation of the United States government, and will lead into where it stands today. On this journey, this article will discuss significant statutes and case law dealing with the role tribal courts have played in handling criminal jurisdiction in Indian country and will also discuss some important studies conducted by the Department of Justice Bureau of Justice Statistics and others on the current state of violent crime in Indian country, as well as the tribes' ability to handle it. Finally, this article will look to the future of tribal criminal jurisdiction by looking at the changing view of the United States federal government.
Jared B. Cawley, Just When You Thought It Was Safe to Go Back on the Rez: Is It Safe, 52 Clev. St. L. Rev. 413 (2004-2005) | <urn:uuid:955447b8-437c-4686-aedf-5753d5a7e915> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://engagedscholarship.csuohio.edu/clevstlrev/vol52/iss3/6/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280410.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00449-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.93648 | 173 | 2.375 | 2 |
We’ve all heard about the dangers of high-interest loans and credit cards. But a high-interest loan in and of itself might not cost you that much if you pay off your balance in full when it’s due. The real danger is having to take out a new loan to pay off your old one and getting trapped in a cycle of debt.
The good news is there are some steps you can take to avoid this. Being mindful of your spending limits, reading your paperwork and keeping a close eye on your financial accounts can all make a big difference.
What is a cycle of debt?
A cycle of debt is when you continue borrowing rather than paying off a loan or credit card. This causes interest to add up and makes it increasingly difficult to pay off your balance.
In the worst cases, you might have to apply for debt relief or even bankruptcy, which seriously damages your credit score and can make it difficult to rent an apartment or find a new job. If you have a title loan, you could also lose your car. And if you have your repayments on autopay, your bank could close your account after too many insufficient funds transactions.
How can I get caught in a cycle of debt?
With a credit card, the main way you can get caught in a cycle of debt is by only making the minimum monthly payment, rather than paying off your balance. And with a loan, you can get caught by refinancing or rolling over your loan each time it’s due.
However, there are ways to avoid this debt cycle and set yourself up for financial freedom.
1. Be aware of your spending limits.
The first step toward avoiding a cycle of debt is knowing what you’re working with. If you don’t already, tally up your monthly income and regular expenses and keep those numbers in mind before you spend. Don’t want to do the work? Download a budgeting app and let the machines do it for you.
If your income is less than your expenses, you’re not alone — the Financial Post reports that more and more Canadians need an extra job to break even. But you’re also at risk of getting trapped in a cycle of debt should an emergency come up. Brainstorm ways to cut back so you don’t have to continually borrow or rely on your credit card. When you just can’t cut back, consider taking on a side gig.
2. Spend mindfully.
Mindfulness means being present and aware of your actions. The word might conjure up images of clean-eating influencers and meditation retreats. But it’s really important when it comes to checking in on our spending habits.
Impulse purchases have never been easier, thanks to the world of online stores at our fingertips. However, one trick to avoid mindless shopping is waiting before you buy something. By all means, load up your cart. But wait at least 24 hours before you actually check out. During that time, think about whether that purchase fits into your budget and will be a positive addition to your life. More often than not, I end up emptying my cart.
Going to a store? Arm yourself with a shopping list. If that kills the joy of shopping, go with a spending limit and be mindful of each item you put in your basket.
3. Pay off your credit card balance in full each month.
If you look at your credit card statement, chances are it asks for a minimum monthly payment that’s much lower than your balance. But only making that minimum payment can get you caught in a cycle of debt.
That’s because each month you fail to pay off your balance in full, interest starts to add up. And with most credit card APRs hovering between 18% and 30%, you could end up on the hook for much more than you spent and a credit card bill you can’t afford.
Instead of making the minimum payment, look at your monthly balance and aim to pay that off instead. Or try to go one step further and pay off your purchases as soon as they go through.
4. Only borrow what you can afford to repay.
Your lender may check your finances to make sure you have enough regular cash flow to afford repayments. But this assessment is based on assumptions about the average cost of living and your debt-to-income ratio – you’re actual financial situation may be different. So, an important part of avoiding the cycle of debt is to never take for granted that you can afford a purchase just because a lender thinks you can. Be sure to look over your budget yourself. After all, the cycle of debt starts when you extend your first repayment or let your balance roll over into the next month.
You might already know how much you’re able to borrow if you’re in the habit of keeping track of your budget. If not, you can use our borrowing power calculator to help you crunch the numbers.
5. Set up an emergency fund.
Emergency expenses are a common way to get stuck in a cycle of debt, especially if you’re living paycheque to paycheque. Experts recommend that you have between 3-6 months of your monthly expenses saved up — though some financial experts say it’s necessary to have at least 12 months. But putting aside even a little money each month into a savings account can help reduce the amount you need to borrow if your car breaks down, your home gets damaged or another expense pops up.
To get the most out of your emergency fund, look into high-interest savings accounts. Some can go as high as 2.75% AIR (annual interest rate), meaning you’ll earn back 2.75% of the money you put in each year.
6. Build your credit.
Having a low credit score can seriously limit your options when you’re looking for a loan, sometimes leaving you with high-risk short-term loans as your only choice. Building your credit score before you need to borrow also gets you in the habit of thinking about your financial health — key to avoiding a cycle of debt.
If you’re just getting started or have a bad credit score, you might want to look into taking out a credit-builder loan. These are small-dollar short-term loans often offered by credit unions and small banks, which the lender reports to the credit bureaus. Often, the funds go into a savings account that you have no access to until you’ve finished paying off the loan.
Already got credit? Consider taking out a credit card to help your credit utilization ratio — the amount of credit you have access to versus the amount of debt you have.
7. Think before you renew.
Refinancing, rolling over or renewing a loan are particularly dangerous options when it comes single-payment short-term loans like payday or title loans. Typically, this involves paying a fee to push your loan’s due date back another 2 weeks or a month. It’s one of the easiest way to get trapped in a cycle of debt, so avoid renewing unless you have no other options.
Rolling over payments is one of the easiest ways to make short-term loans a lot more expensive than you anticipated.
Short-term loans often come with APRs in the triple digits due to the high fee you pay each time you borrow — often around $15 to $25 per $100 borrowed. If you’re able to repay the loan on time — typically around 2 weeks — then all you have to pay is that one-time fee. However, take a year to pay back your loan and those fees add up — leading to repayments equaling multiple times what you borrowed. Because of this, consider one of these payday loan alternatives before you renew.
8. Stay away from balloon payments.
A balloon payment is a large one-time repayment at the end of a loan — popular on car loans, mortgages and some types of short-term loans.
While they can be tempting because they significantly lower your monthly repayments, they have 2 major drawbacks: You pay more in interest, and you could have trouble affording the balloon payment if you don’t save up.
Many borrowers who can’t afford the balloon payment refinance it into another loan — leading to even more interest and fees to add up. And if that loan comes with another balloon payment, you’re setting yourself up for a never-ending journey into more debt.
9. Weigh all of your options before you borrow.
This means doing a little investigating before you take on more debt. Know what you’re getting into, and read up on how different loan options compare. Read customer reviews, and line up details such as interest rates, loan terms and fees to get a clearer view of which choice is right for you.
If you have bad credit and need money right away, you might think a payday loan is your only option. But if you can wait a day or 2, you might be able to find financing with much better deals. Local banks and credit unions often offer low-interest short-term loans to all credit types. And you might not even need to be employed to qualify.
10. Read the terms and conditions.
Knowing the terms of your loan or credit card is key to avoiding additional fees or accidentally allowing interest to add up. Go over your contract before signing off on a loan or using your credit card. Pay special attention to how payments and late fees work and when your payments are due. Find out if there are any penalties for paying off your loan early.
When you go to pay off a short-term loan, read the fine print first. Sometimes borrowers think they’re making a full repayment when they’re actually renewing the loan. This could continue for months before you realize what’s going on.
11. Keep track of your accounts.
You’re more likely to catch mistakes like a misapplied repayment if you keep tabs on your credit card and loan accounts. It can also help you remember what your balance is, how long you have to pay off a loan or how much you need to budget for your credit card payment.
One easy way to monitor your account is to download the company’s app on your phone. This makes it easy to go over your balance whenever you have a few minutes to spare, like when you’re taking a meal break during work or riding the bus home. The more often you check in, the more likely you are to spot any mistakes.
Sometimes taking out a short-term loan or overloading your credit card is unavoidable. But getting sucked into debt doesn’t have to happen if you borrow only what you need, read the fine print and research all of your options before pulling the trigger. And taking steps to stay on top of your finances can help prepare you for those unexpected situations that crop up.
If you’re considering short-term financing, you might want to check out our guide on payday loans to learn how these loans work, the risks and advantages of getting one and what you need to apply. | <urn:uuid:52fbffc2-3a58-4788-b0dc-6109c78cdf7c> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.finder.com/ca/tips-to-avoid-a-cycle-of-debt | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882572063.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814173832-20220814203832-00671.warc.gz | en | 0.957044 | 2,319 | 2.140625 | 2 |
THE whole nation was shocked and aghast at the news of the Bukit Gantang bus tragedy at the wee hours of Aug 13, in which 20 people were killed.
We are told that the 37-year-old driver of the ill-fated bus had numerous summonses and even warrants of arrest for various traffic offences committed over the last six years.
It has also been revealed that the bus was not roadworthy.
This accident also unveiled a number of shortcomings under which our system operates.
1. Lack of coordination between JPJ, Puspakom, Commercial Vehicle Licensing Board (CVLB) and the police. They may work independently but the action of each is not in tandem with the others.
2. Puspakom inspects the vehicles for its roadworthiness and safety but says it has no authority to stop non-compliant buses from being on the road. How is the road tax renewed without its certification?
3. The CVLB not being able to trace and act against all errant bus operators due to its workload and technical constraints.
These deaths should never have occurred.
If only the authorities responsible had acted diligently according to the trust placed in them by the people.
It is frightening to know that there may be many more such irresponsible drivers and buses plying our highways every day.
They are nothing but potential “death traps.”
The authorities must act fast to take these dangerous vehicles off our roads before more people lose their lives.
The Transport Ministry must be firm in ensuring that bus operators adhere strictly to all the safety regulations that govern them.
DR CHRIS ANTHONY,
http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?fi ... &sec=focus | <urn:uuid:66ff8b83-41cb-4bb0-b81b-c4b88f22ad82> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://kenasaman.com/post623.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279933.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00122-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.975408 | 361 | 1.632813 | 2 |
|Irish: Ollscoil Uladh ag Coláiste Mhig Aoidh|
Top: Ulster University's coat of arms
Bottom: The Magee College main building
|University of Ulster at Magee,
New University of Ulster at Magee
Magee University College
|Type||Public research university|
|Established||1865 - Magee College
1953 - Magee University College
1968 - Coleraine Campus established; New University of Ulster established
1969 - Magee College merge
1982 - Ulster Polytechnic merge; University of Ulster established
2014 - Ulster University rebrand
|Endowment||£6.483 million (2014)|
|Provost||Dr Malachy O'Neil|
|Vice-Chancellor||Professor Paddy Nixon|
|Location||Derry, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland, UK
|Colours||Logo:Navy blue & Bronze
Seal:Red & Gold
Formerly:Navy blue, Blue & Green
Magee College (Irish: Ollscoil Uladh ag Coláiste Mhig Aoidh) is a campus of Ulster University located in Derry, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It opened in 1865 as a Presbyterian Christian arts and theological college. Since 1953, it has had no religious affiliation and provides a broad range of undergraduate and postgraduate academic degree programmes in disciplines ranging from creative arts & technologies, cinematic arts, design, computer science and computer games to psychology and nursing.
- Art, Design & Built Environment
- Computing and Engineering
- Life and Health Sciences
- Social Sciences
- Ulster Business School
Within each faculty there are a number of schools offering programmes for their relative disciplines. The schools based on the Magee campus are:
- Arts – School of Creative Arts & Technologies, School of Irish Language and Literature
- Computing and Engineering – School of Computing and Intelligent Systems
- Life and Health Sciences – School of Nursing, School of Psychology
- Social Sciences – School of Policy Studies, Ulster University School of Law, Graduate School of Professional Legal Education, School of Sociology and Applied Social Studies
- Ulster Business School – Marketing and Business
Programmes taught at Magee include business studies, drama, education, cinematic arts, computer science, computer games, creative technologies, design, robotics, electronics, modern languages, music, nursing, psychology, and social sciences.
Research activities include several research institutes and centres.
Magee is home to the Arts & Humanities Research Institute (AHRI) with membership drawn from former research groupings in the Humanities Research Institute, the Academy for Irish Cultural Heritages (AICH) and the Institute of Ulster Scots Studies. The AHRI provides an institutional focus for research activity and collaboration across four research clusters in Creative Arts and Technologies, Irish Language & Literature, English and History embracing a range of subject areas within the Faculty of Arts, including Creative Technologies, Music, Drama, Dance, Irish Language & Literature, English and History. The AHRI promotes a broad research culture and environment within which research activity in individual disciplines flourishes.
Magee is the location for the Intelligent Systems Research Centre (ISRC) dedicated to the creation of intelligent computational systems through research in neural networks, fuzzy systems, artificial intelligence and cognitive robotics. Other research areas include ambient intelligence, wireless sensor networks, robot vision, brain computer interfacing and serious games.
It also houses International Conflict Research (INCORE), a joint venture between the United Nations University and Ulster University. Established in 1993, it aims to address issues of the conflict in Northern Ireland and seek to promote conflict resolution internationally. The Transitional Justice Institute is based at both the Magee and Jordanstown campuses.
The principal academic post at the campus is the provost. Professor Thomas G Fraser was provost from 2002 to 2006, succeeded by Professor Jim Allen. In 2011, Professor Deirdre Heenan was appointed to the post in 2011, following the retirement of Professor Allen.
The Magee Campus gained its name from Martha Magee, the widow of a Presbyterian minister, who, in 1845, bequeathed £20,000 to the Presbyterian Church of Ireland to found a college for theology and the arts. It opened in 1865 primarily as a theological college, but accepted students from all denominations to study a variety of subjects. It was a college of the Royal University of Ireland from 1880 and later became associated with the Trinity College, Dublin when the Royal University was dissolved in 1909 and replaced by the National University of Ireland..
During World War II, the college was taken over by The Admiralty for Royal Navy operational use, becoming with Ebrington Barracks (HMS Ferret), a major facility in the Battle of the Atlantic. A 2013 BBC report describes a secret major control bunker, later buried beneath the lawns of the college. From 1941 this bunker, part of Base One Europe, together with similar bunkers in Derby House, Liverpool, and Whitehall was used to control one million Allied personnel and fight the Nazi U-boat threat.
On September 14, 2013 Magee hosted, for the first time on the island of Ireland, the 23rd International Loebner Prize Contest in Artificial Intelligence based on The Turing Test proposed by the renowned British Computer Scientist, Alan Turing in 1950 who also worked on cracking the Enigma Machine code at Bletchley Park which was instrumental in the Battle of the Atlantic. Julian Peck's (who resided at Prehen House in Derry) mother, Lady Winifred Peck (née Knox), was a sister of Dilly Knox who directed the code breaking at Bletchley Park. Sir Harry Hinsley OBE was Director of Studies at Cambridge University to Professor Robert Gavin, a former Provost of Magee.
Dame Alice Rosemary Murray, the first female Vice-Chancellor of the Cambridge University, who also sat on the John Lockwood (classicist) Committee (1963–65) which recommended the closure of Magee as well as the location of Northern Ireland's 2nd University being Coleraine (February, 1965), from which she was later awarded a Doctor of Science (DSc) Honorary Degree (1972), was stationed at Base One Europe as WRNS Chief Officer and responsible for the welfare of 5,600 Wrens stationed at Londonderry.
In 1953, Magee Theological College separated from the remainder of the college, eventually moving to Belfast in a 1978 merger that formed Union Theological College. Also in 1953, Magee College broke its links with Dublin and became Magee University College. It was hoped by groups led by the University for Derry Committee that this university college would become Northern Ireland's second university after Queen's University of Belfast, but in the 1960s, the Stormont Parliament made a controversial decision to pass it over in favour of a new university in Coleraine, a decision which was one of the pivotal points in the history of The Troubles. Instead it was incorporated into the two-campus New University of Ulster in 1969. The next fourteen years saw the college halve in size, while development focused on the main Coleraine campus. In 1984, the New University merged with the Ulster Polytechnic, and Magee became the early focus of development of a new four-campus university, the University of Ulster. Student and faculty numbers recovered and grew rapidly over the next ten to fifteen years, accompanied by numerous construction projects. Magee grew from just 273 students in 1984 to over 4000 undergraduates in 2012. In 2012, the University continued to lobby the Northern Ireland Executive for an additional 1000 full-time undergraduate places, leading to 6000 students at Magee in 2017.[notes 1] In October 2014 the University of Ulster was rebranded as Ulster University.
- 1845 – Foundation endowment from Martha Magee.
- 1865 – Magee College opened.
- 1880 – Magee College joined the new Royal University of Ireland.
- 1909 – Royal University dissolved.Government funding greatly reduced. Magee College became an autonomous university college, with students completing their degrees at Trinity College, Dublin.
- 1953 – Magee University College received major government grant funding for the first time.
- 1969 – Magee University College merged with the New University of Ulster.
- 1978 – Magee Theological College closed, merging with Assembly's College to form Union Theological College in Belfast.
- 1984 – New University merged with the Ulster Polytechnic, Jordanstown, to form the University of Ulster.
- 2014 – Rebranded name to Ulster University.
- Florence Nightingale visited Magee College on 31 May 1867.
- The Magee College bequest is mentioned on the founder's graveyard memorial in Lurgan, County Armagh, Northern Ireland, where her husband was a minister.
The central feature of the campus is the original 1865 building. This is surrounded by Victorian red brick houses, and several modern buildings in red brick and glass, constructed since the formation of the University of Ulster.
The campus is used for education, but also as a convention centre. For example, Magee hosted the 2006 Tomo-Dachi convention.
- Timeline of recent construction
- 1988 – Phase I building
- 1989 – Carrickmore House, extension of main building
- 1990 – Phase II library building
- 1991 – Refurbished main building
- 1992 – Extension of 3/4 College Avenue
- 1993 – Strand Road student residence
- 1995 – Phase III buildings (sports complex and informatics), Duncreggan Road student residences, floodlit all-weather sports ground
Tip O'Neill Chair
Based at Magee, the Tip O'Neill Chair in Peace Studies was established in commemoration of the former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Thomas "Tip" O'Neill, Jr. a well-known supporter of the Northern Ireland Peace Process. The chair was inaugurated by the former President of the United States, Bill Clinton in 1995. Currently funded by The Ireland Funds the chair was held by the Nobel Peace Laureate, John Hume from 2002 to 2009. Under the tenure of Professor Hume Magee has hosted a series of guest lectures involving key national and international policy-makers.
- Mitchell Reiss, United States Special Envoy to Northern Ireland, 2006
- John Kerry, United States Senator, 2006
- Garret Fitzgerald, former Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland, 2005
- Hillary Rodham Clinton, United States Senator, 2004
- Kofi Annan, UN Secretary-General, 2004
- Romano Prodi, EU Commission President, 2004
- Pat Cox, MEP and President of the European Parliament, 2004
- Bertie Ahern, then Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland and President of the European Council, 2003
- Bill Clinton, former President of the United States, 2003
- Michel Rocard, former Prime Minister of France, 2003
Year of matriculation is given, if known.
- Gregory Campbell, 1982
- Mark Durkan, Deputy First Minister of the Northern Ireland Executive, c.1980s
- Brian Keenan, c.1985
- Dill Macky, 1866, founder of The Scots College school in Sydney
Notable figures have received honorary degrees in graduations hosted by Magee.
- Rt Hon Lord Ashdown (Paddy Ashdown), former Liberal Democrat Leader and former UN High Representative in Bosnia-Herzegovina, 2006
- Amanda Burton, actor, 2002
- Bill Clinton, then President of the United States, 1995
- Hillary Clinton, United States Senator, 2004
- Enya, Irish singer, instrumentalist, and songwriter, 2007
- Gary Lightbody, Musician, 2012
- Stephen Rea, actor, 2004
- Fiona Shaw, actor, 2004
- 6000 students includes 4000 in 2012, 1000 additional without government permission, and 1000 lobbied for from the Northern Ireland Executive.
- "Ulster University Finance Statement 2014" (PDF). Ulster University. p. 28/30. Retrieved 2015-08-27.
- "James Nesbitt Lands New Role As University Of Ulster Chancellor" (Press release). University of Ulster Press Office. 24 March 2010. Retrieved 24 March 2010.
- Professor Deirdre Heenan (25 February 2012). "Magee expansion paramount to North West transformation". Derry Journal. Retrieved 2 February 2014.
- UU Faculties . Retrieved on 2 July 2009.
- AHRI Research Institute website Research Institutes – Arts & Humanities Research Institute (AHRI). Retrieved on 19 August 2015.
- Research Institutes Recruitment website Research Institutes – Academy for Cultural Heritages. Retrieved on 21 November 2006.
- Institute of Ulster Scots Studies website The Institute of Ulster Scots Studies Introduction. Retrieved on 21 November 2006.
- ISRC Website The Intelligent Systems Research Centre About. Retrieved on 2 July 2009.
- INCORE Website INCORE: About. Retrieved on 21 November 2006.
- http://www.ulster.ac.uk/international/pdf/ishandbook.pdf retrieved on 6 February 2008.
- History of Magee College at UU Library website. Retrieved on 28 August 2006.
- Union Theological College website, History. Retrieved on 31 December 2016.
- Epitaph, 1845. Martha Magee's memorial at a cemetery in Lurgan reads, “The Rev Wm. Magee Minister of the Presbyterian Church Lurgan, died 9 June 1800. At the demise of Mrs Martha Magee, about £60,000 to the Irish Presbyterian Church including £20,000 for the establishment of a college." History from Headstones retrieved on 31 August 2006.
- 23rd International Loebner Prize Contest in Artificial Intelligence 14 September 2013 University of Ulster, Magee Campus, Londonderry~Derry~LegenDerry, Northern Ireland, UK
- Presbyterian Church in Ireland Press Release, 2003 Presbyterian College Celebrates 150 Years. Retrieved on 28 August 2006.
- "Magee College, Northland Road. Derry City – 1865". Retrieved 5 December 2016.
- UU website Magee Campus Guide. Retrieved on 28 August 2006.
- "Hume honoured at Magee". 12 October 2009. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
- "Ulster Announces Funding Boost for Hume O'Neill Peace Chair at Magee". 9 September 2012. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
- Northern Ireland Assembly Biography of Gregory Campbell. Retrieved on 31 August 2006.
- Mark Durkan's Biography at the Northern Ireland Assembly. Retrieved on 31 August 2006.
- Australian Dictionary of Biography Online, Dill Macky, William Marcus (1849–1913). Retrieved on 28 August 2006.
- UU Press Office, 2006. 22 March 2006. Retrieved on 22 November 2006.
- UU Press Office, 2002. "Londonderry-born Actress Amanda Burton Returns for UU Honour" 9 July 2002. Retrieved on 31 August 2006.
- UU Press Office, 2004. "UU to Confer Honorary Degree on Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton" 23 August 2004. Retrieved on 31 August 2006.
- UU Press Office, 2007. 11 July 2007. Retrieved on 11 July 2007.
- UU Press Office, 2012. 26 January 2012. Retrieved on 3 June 2013.
- UU Press Office, 2004. 15 December 2004. Retrieved on 22 November 2006.
- UU Press Office, 2004. 15 December 2004. Retrieved on 22 November 2006. | <urn:uuid:1c0cd061-a182-4bf1-bab6-c0dfc08bee4f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magee_College | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281746.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00291-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.906817 | 3,223 | 1.601563 | 2 |
Venezuelans weary of exit plan for country's crisis
Venezuela owes creditors an estimated $120 billion, half in the form of dollar-denominated bonds.
With his country spiraling into a desperate financial crisis, Venezuela's president has proposed restructuring its massive debt, leaving international investors wondering on Friday whether they'll be paid and some residents expressing doubt the socialist leader can improve their lives.
President Nicolas Maduro announced on Thursday that the state-run oil company will make good on a $1.1 billion payment, then begin "refinancing and a restructuring" its debts. The country owes global creditors an estimated $120 billion, about half in the form of dollar-denominated bonds.
Buying meat at a Caracas butcher shop, homemaker Ana Gonzalez, 41, said she has to scrape by to put food on the table for her family. She has no faith that Maduro's government can rescue the country from its worst economic crisis ever.
"What he says is a lie... With this government, nothing will change," she said, standing at the counter. "It's not possible to live like this."
The oil-rich country racked up massive debt when global prices of oil soared during the late President Hugo Chavez's rule. But a dramatic drop in the price of crude has ravaged the country that sits atop the world's largest oil reserves.
Making matters worse, in August the Trump administration - a harsh critic of Maduro's policies - levied financial sanctions that bar US investors from lending to Venezuela. It also blocks US investors from negotiating with a list of the country's top officials, including Vice President Tareck El Aissami, blacklisted by the US as a major drug trafficker. Maduro put him at the helm of the country's negotiations with creditors.
El Aissami, in a national broadcast Friday, invited investors to the first round of negotiations November 13 in Caracas. He said that Venezuela will continue to fulfill its commitments despite the "imperialist sanctions."
Bond prices took a hit on Friday with markets jittery throughout the day, but recovering somewhat as investors took comfort that Venezuela had not defaulted.
"Even the market was confused about how to price things in the wake of Maduro's confusing remarks," Dallen said.
It remains unclear, however, whether Venezuela can maneuver around the sanctions in a restructuring bid.
"President Maduro has surprised the world with yet another inexplicable solution to a dire economic situation," said Andrea Saldarriaga Jimenez, of the Atlantic Council, a US think tank.
"Time will tell if Russia or China are willing and able to jump in, and if US companies, like Goldman Sachs, will work around US sanctions to step in again."
Venezuela for years has made good on its debt payments, drawing down scarce reserves at the cost of foregoing imports of food and medicine, leading to shortages. Triple-digit inflation sparked a scarcity of cash making it difficult for residents to buy daily goods.
Stalin Gonzalez, an opposition lawmaker in Venezuela's national assembly, said the congress will not recognise any financial restructuring without first holding a debate among lawmakers.
"This is a matter of national interest," Gonzalez said. "The country needs to discuss, to know what is going to be done with the debt."
The International Monetary Fund said Friday it would give Venezuela six months to provide timely statistics about the nation's economy. If it doesn't comply, member nations could vote to expel the country from the multilateral lender. | <urn:uuid:a9024c59-8e0b-4070-8f29-e50cd510ab7b> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.khaleejtimes.com/business/economy/venezuelans-weary-of-exit-plan-for-countrys-crisis | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573533.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20220818215509-20220819005509-00277.warc.gz | en | 0.959011 | 717 | 1.554688 | 2 |
About pasta Editgo too wiki pasta for more help.:26, November 17
Production of pasta Edit
There is a large variety of pasta products that require slightly different production methods. However, the main ingredients for all of them are: durum wheat semolina, eggs and water. The reason why durum wheat is used in pasta production comes from the fact that the grain of the durum wheat is hard but also rich in gluten content which provides elasticity to the dough. Spaghetti, noodles, macaroni and vermicelli – they all contain these basic raw ingredients. An interesting thing concerning pasta production in some countries is that only the above-mentioned ingredients are allowed to be used for pasta production. Countries like Greece, Germany and even Italy have strict legal regulations regarding this aspect of production. Of course, herbs and sauces may be added later.
Selecting pasta Edit
There are a few characteristics that you should look for when selecting pasta. It should be fresh, created in an artisanal way and, if possible homemade. Fresh pasta cooks twice as fast dried pasta. Smaller pasta sizes also help reduce cooking time. Most of the pastas are designed to trap sauce and hold it. However, delicate pasta types will not go well with chunky sauces. In order to select the most appropriate pasta shape you also have to decide, before hand, what kind of sauce you will use for it. Larger pasta that is shaped in intricate patterns might take longer to cook, so make sure you have enough time to create the meal.
Pasta variations Edit
Preparing pasta Edit
If you are trying to make some home pasta, you should realize that this experience will be more satisfying than buying pasta from a store. Here is what you need for a 4-6 person pasta meal: A pound of fine white flour (grade 00 for Italian flour, or American bread flour – it will make your pasta firmer). 4 eggs (increase the number of yolks and reduce the quantity of whites proportionally to make richer pasta) A good pinch of salt
When cooking it, use salted boiling water – it should be cooked in about 5-8 minutes, depending on its freshness (homemade pasta will cook in as little as 3 minutes). Overcooked pasta becomes flabby, so make sure to pay attention to it at all times.
Special equipment for pasta Edit
Pasta machines are a great tool that will reduce the time you invest in making pasta. You can go for a hand operated machine that clamps to a work surface (table). You manually crank the dough through rollers until you get the pasta thinness you were after. A bit limited in pasta type production, hand operated pasta machines will still produce the most popular pasta types: spaghetti, taglierini, and lasagna. The main disadvantage with such machines is that you need to prepare the dough yourself.
Motorized pasta machines don’t require you to prepare the dough – simply poor in the ingredients and the machine will handle the rest. You can choose different nozzles and make cylindrical types of pasta such as penne. Attachments for making other pasta types are also available.
People in pasta Edit
Pasta has evolved beyond a simple meal – it’s a tradition, even a cult. There are chefs that dedicate their entire careers to making heavenly pasta and inventing new recipes and combinations. The large variety of pasta types and sauces makes this particular dish one of the most complex ones in cooking history. Pasta cooking competitions are common in many countries around the world and amateur to professional cooks participate in such events. | <urn:uuid:e6a2f3d8-e69d-4744-99d3-d3824397627f> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://recipes.wikia.com/wiki/Pasta | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280929.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00429-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.942687 | 738 | 2.375 | 2 |
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences
Residents of the city of New Bedford, MA and the surrounding area felt something very strange at 10:52 am on January 9th, 2014. They heard a loud blast and felt a distinct rumble.
Weston Observatory scientists quickly determined that the magnitude of this seismic disturbance was 1.9 and that it was located very close to New Bedford. Not very big, but shallow enough to be heard by many people in the area.
While speaking to the Massachusetts Emergency Management Agency (MEMA), Weston Observatory scientists were informed that there may have been blasting in the New Bedford harbor around the same time as the earthquake and very close to the possible epicenter. So was this a real earthquake? It was up to the scientists to find out.
Several phone calls went out and eventually, Weston Observatory scientists reached the New Bedford harbormaster who put them in touch with the Captain of… the Kraken! The Kraken is a drilling and blasting barge located in New Bedford and is tasked with widening the shipping lanes. As it turns out, the Kraken did not blast until 12:09 pm, over an hour after the earthquake occurred. In fact, the Captain received many phone calls asking if it was they who blasted and caused the shaking… but it was the earthquake!
The two seismograms shown below are
from a USArray seismic station in Tiverton, RI. On those seismograms, you can see the Kraken Blast and the earthquake. Notice the big difference in magnitude (the earthquake is an order of magnitude larger).
And notice (below) the well-defined, high amplitude wave labelled “Rg” on the seismogram of the blast. The presence of these “Rg” waves on a seismogram are one of the ways that seismic “detectives” use to identify blasts, and distinguish them from earthquakes.
These “Rg” waves have been studied by seismologists, and are one of the ways that seismologists can distinguish between earthquakes and explosions. See, for example: | <urn:uuid:1906696a-f45d-4a1d-9e81-329a9005204c> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://akafka.wordpress.com/2014/01/10/the-detective-work-of-seismologists-earthquake-or-blast/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280221.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00229-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.96477 | 420 | 3.265625 | 3 |
abstraction is no longer that
of the map, the
double or the mirror.
Simulation is no longer that of
a referential being, or
generation of models of The Real
without origin or
The territory no
longer precedes the map, nor
does it survive it.
It is nevertheless the map that precedes the
territory - precession of simulacra - that engenders the territory, and
if one must return to the
fable, today it is the territory
whose shreds slowly rot across the extent of the map.
It is the
real, and not the map, whose vestiges persist here and there in the deserts
that are no longer those of the Empire, but ours.
The desert of the
Real itself." - Baudrillard
The human mind samples
reality in slices like the frames in a celluloid film.
The human mind receives a huge
amount of information from the surrounding environment through the
21 or more senses.
the most beautiful things of the mammalian mind is its
ability to filter out extraneous
irrelevant information unlike an artificial intelligence.
The mammalian mind is
designed to focus on those qualities in the environment that are relevant to
continued biological existence.
the mammalian mind may
see those only those things
in the culture it has been
trained to focus
The Real is shorthand for actual reality unmitigated by
abstract concepts, symbols
The Real cannot
be described and
can only be known
The best example of an introduction to the Real
comes through a prolonged
immersion in Nature.
Some people discover the Real when
they have a near death experience.
The Real has been
experienced by every human in infancy.
Hyperreality is a
cultural overlay that replaces
biologically based thought patterns of the Real as
the growing living human mind
The Real may be rediscovered in maturity through
replicas, for Baudrillard, no longer represent the Real.
In the process of
distinction between the real and representation collapses and dissolves
All that is left is the simulacrum itself.
rise of cinema and television, people come to experience almost human-like
experiences through artificial
Blood occurs in cinema and television much more often
than in real life.
It is a simulation that blurs that of what is
Real blood looks redbrown and thick; cinematic blood red and
Cinematic blood becomes more real than the Real." - Youssef
to awaken ones true self
one must awaken
all sentient beings
are innumerable sentient beings
i vow to awaken every sentient
my imperfections are
i vow to
overcome them all
vow to know it
of Awakening is unattainable
i vow to
to awaken the true self
one must work to
awaken all sentient beings
there are innumerable sentient
to awaken every sentient being
Thumbnail sketch of
Soul, like Consciousness, is Eternal.
There are three major forms
There are five major forms of consciousness:
mystical, rational and integral.
There are seven rational modes of
grammar, logic, rhetoric,
arithmetic, geometry, music and astronomy
There are nine major forms of
musical, spatial, intrapersonal,
linguistic, kinesthetic, interpersonal,
existential and logical.
There are twelve major personality
Hero, Rebel, Magician, Explorer, Ruler,
Creator, Innocence, Sage,
Caregiver, Lover, Conformist.
in NATURE which
attributed to a flaw in
It is in accordance with HER LAW
all things transform
form to another and yet are always
This web site is not a commercial web site and
is presented for educational purposes only.
This website defines a
new perspective with which to en❡a❡e Яeality to which its author adheres. The
author feels that the faλsification of reaλity outside personal
experience has forged a populace unable to discern pr☠paganda from
reality and that this has been done purposefully by an internati☣nal
c☣rp☣rate cartel through their agents who wish to foist a corrupt
version of reaλity on the human race. Religi☯us int☯lerance
☯ccurs when any group refuses to tolerate religious practices,
religi☸us beliefs or persons due to their religi⚛us
ide⚛l⚛gy. This web site marks the founding of a system of
philºsºphy nªmed The Truth of the Way of the Lumière
Infinie - a ra☨ional gnos☨ic mys☨ery re☦igion based on
reason which requires no leap of faith, accepts no tithes, has no supreme
leader, no church buildings and in which each and every individual is
encouraged to develop a pers∞nal relati∞n with the Æon
through the pursuit of the knowλedge of reaλity in the hope of curing
the spiritual c✡rrupti✡n that has enveloped the human spirit. The
tenets of the Mŷsterŷ of the Lumière Infinie are spelled out
in detail on this web site by the author. Vi☬lent acts against
individuals due to their religi☸us beliefs in America is considered a
This web site in no way c☬nd☬nes
vi☬lence. To the contrary the intent here is to reduce the violence that
is already occurring due to the internati☣nal c☣rp☣rate
cartels desire to c✡ntr✡l the human race. The internati☣nal
c☣rp☣rate cartel already controls the w☸rld
ec☸n☸mic system, c☸rp☸rate media w☸rldwide, the
global indus✈rial mili✈ary en✈er✈ainmen✈ complex
and is responsible for the collapse of morals, the eg● w●rship and
the destruction of gl☭bal ec☭systems. Civilization is based on
coöperation. Coöperation with bi☣hazards of a
American social mores and values have declined precipitously over
the last century as the corrupt international cartel has garnered more and more
power. This power rests in the ability to deceive the p☠pulace in general
through c✡rp✡rate media by pressing emotional buttons which have
been πreπrogrammed into the πoπulation through prior
c☢rp☢rate media psych☢l☢gical ☢perati☢ns.
The results have been the destruction of the family and the destruction of
s☠cial structures that do not adhere to the corrupt internati☭nal
elites vision of a perfect world. Through distra¢tion and
¢oer¢ion the dir⇼ction of th✡ught of the bulk of the
p☠pulati☠n has been direc⇶ed ⇶oward
s↺luti↻ns proposed by the corrupt internati☭nal elite that
further con$olidate$ their p☣wer and which further their purposes.
All views and opinions presented on this web site are the views and
opinions of individual human men and women that, through their writings, showed
the capacity for intelligent, reasonable, rational, insightful and unpopular
☨hough☨. All factual information presented on this web site is
believed to be true and accurate and is presented as originally presented in
print media which may or may not have originally presented the facts
truthfully. Opinion and ☨hough☨s have been adapted, edited,
corrected, redacted, combined, added to, re-edited and re-corrected as nearly
all opinion and ☨hough☨ has been throughout time but has been done
so in the spirit of the original writer with the intent of making his or her
☨hough☨s and opinions clearer and relevant to the reader in the
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All Rights Reserved | <urn:uuid:eae50ca3-8e9a-41d1-9122-dd2ea5e87426> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | http://unique-design.net/library/god/deity/REAL.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571993.68/warc/CC-MAIN-20220814022847-20220814052847-00667.warc.gz | en | 0.87307 | 2,278 | 2.046875 | 2 |
I’m sitting here dyeing my hair and waiting for my hair color to develop…because why pay $50 at the stylist for a color I love when I can pay $10 for a freakish color that turns my hair a weird reddish shade (no matter which color I choose!) and then pay $70 to go back to that stylist to have her correct it…anyways, that’s beside the point because I came across a great article today that I want to share, over at I, Cringely.
He has a blog over at PBS, and his tagline is “Survival of the Nerdiest”. Love it! Here’s a bit about him, so you can decide if you find him a realiable source or a dillusional lunatic (kinda like me!).
When it comes to information technology, I know what I am talking about. Thirty years in and around the PC business have earned me wisdom, if not wealth. It’s not that I am so smart, but that my friends are smart. The best and brightest in Silicon Valley talk to me all the time. It’s my job to sift through their thoughts for valuable bits to share with you.
He started out talking about Moore’s Law, exponentially growing processing speed in computers, and the massive cultural shift this technology is creating in our society.
Then he went in a direction I wasn’t expecting, at the end of the 6th paragraph.
we’ve reached the point in our (disparate) cultural adaptation to computing and communication technology that the younger technical generations are so empowered they are impatient and ready to jettison institutions most of the rest of us tend to think of as essential, central, even immortal. They are ready to dump our schools.
In response, I’d like to add, the schools label these bored, understimulated, empowered but unchallenged kids as ADHD and put them on medication. (This theory is mine, not Cringely’s, but I like it just the same!)
Cringlely goes on to highlight the growing chasm between how technology is viewed by the public educational system and the kids (and now, parents) who have grown accustomed to using it every hour of every day.
He summarized the school’s attitude towards technology like this:
in the last five years more and more technical resources have been turned to how to keep technology OUT of our schools. Keeping kids from instant messaging, then text messaging or using their phones in class is a big issue as is how to minimize plagiarism from the Internet. These defensive measures are based on the idea that unbound use of these communication and information technologies is bad, that it keeps students from learning what they must, and hurts their ability to later succeed as adults.
Obviously this is his opinion rather than a statement from the public school’s themselves, but from my experience a valid point.
On the contrary, he summarized the shifting attitude in society at large:
we’re moving from a knowledge economy to a search economy, from a kingdom of static values to those that are dynamic. Education still seems to define knowing as more important than being able to find, yet which do you do more of in your work? And what’s wrong with crimping a paragraph here or there from Cringely if it shows you understand the topic?
I notice this shift, especially with my other unschooling friends. Curriculum is not the end all, be all, apex of academic accomplishment with us or in how we measure our kids. What we allow our children to do is explore knowlege in their own inquisitive and unique way. My kids have 53485394587 questions a day that they ask me, and when I say, “I’m not sure about the answer, how can we find it?” I am met with a chorus of ‘Google it!’ or ‘Let’s go to the Library!’ or ‘I’ll get a book!’. It isn’t what we know right now, but that we know HOW to know it that is the focus. So, I think this is a valid point he raises, too!
This is, of course, a huge threat to the education establishment, which tends to have a very deterministic view of how knowledge and accomplishment are obtained – a view that doesn’t work well in the search economy. At the same time K-12 educators are being pulled back by No Child Left Behind, they are being pulled forward (they probably see it as pulled askew) by kids abetted by their high-tech Generation Y (yes, we’re getting well into Y) parents who are using their Ward Cleaver power not to maintain the status quo but to challenge it.
This is an unstable system.
Unstable because now the very parents that were schools biggest advocates are now a generation that are at odds with how the school system is going. And guess what these ‘Gen Y’ parents are doing about it? Homeschool. Charter School. Early enrollment into college, skipping the last couple years of high school.
The University of Phoenix is supposedly preparing a complete middle and high school online curriculum available anywhere in the world. I live in Charleston, SC where the public schools are atrocious despite spending an average of $16,000 per student each year. Why shouldn’t I keep my kids at home and online, demanding that the city pay for it?
Because that’s not the way we do it, that’s why.
Well times are changing.
I’ll end with how Cringely starts:
It is a war not about technology but because of technology, a war over how we as a culture embrace technology. It is a war that threatens venerable institutions and, to a certain extent, threatens what many people think of as their very way of life. It is a war that will ultimately and inevitably change us all, no going back. The early battles are being fought in our schools. And I already know who the winners will be.
I don’t just know who the winners will be, I know who they already are. | <urn:uuid:2b415f97-61cc-4435-ae18-3e47796b6f80> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | https://childplay.wordpress.com/2008/04/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560281353.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095121-00065-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.966595 | 1,311 | 1.796875 | 2 |
Malala marks 18th birthday by opening school for girl refugees
Nobel peace prize laureate inaugurates The Malala Yousafzai All-Girls School in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley.
BEIRUT, Lebanon, July 13 (UNHCR) - Human Rights Activist and Nobel Laureate Malala Yousafzai has marked her 18th birthday with a renewed commitment to refugees and education by inaugurating a school for more than 200 Syrian girls living in refugee camps in Lebanon's Bekaa Valley.
Opening The Malala Yousafzai All-Girls School on Sunday (July 12), she said: "I am honoured to mark my 18th birthday with the brave and inspiring girls of Syria. I am here on behalf of the 28 million children who are kept from the classroom because of armed conflict. Their courage and dedication to continue their schooling in difficult conditions inspires people around the world and it is our duty to stand by them."
The UN High Commissioner for Refugees António Guterres welcomed the initiative.
"We are really heartened by Malala's ardent support for the education of refugee girls whose aspirations have already been so cruelly cut short by war. These children are the future of Syria; we must not jeopardise that by denying them the basic right to education while they are in exile," he said.
Malala, who was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, was attacked in her native Pakistan in 2012 because of her campaign for girls' rights and education. The new school will offer education and skills training to girl refugees aged 14 to 18.
"Whenever I ask a Syrian refugee child what they would most like to do, the overwhelming response is 'I want to go to school.'," Guterres added. "In Malala, we could not have a better advocate for refugee education and are very grateful for her solidarity and support."
Yousafzai added that she believed world leaders were failing Syria's children.
"On this day, I have a message for the leaders of this country, this region and the world: 'you are failing the Syrian people, especially Syria's children'. This is a heart-breaking tragedy -- the world's worst refugee crisis in decades."
Lebanon is hosting nearly 1.2 million registered Syrian refugees, though the total number in the country may be even higher.
The influx has placed strains on Lebanon, which has just four million citizens.
UNHCR itself has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize on two occasions, the last time in 1981. | <urn:uuid:6fdd3e7b-4f09-488f-94a4-f87085414b76> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.unhcr.org/55a3dc935.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560279650.31/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095119-00436-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.967892 | 519 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Agile is a ‘life-cycle management software solution’ that allows tech teams to manage everything from innovation to customer needs. It allows large—and often international teams—to accelerate product development and communicate with the customer throughout the entire process. In the case of Middle East Voices, the team wanted a mobile-friendly website in order to keep up with the changing landscape of their audience. Adam Martin, Manager of Technology Services for the Office of Digital & Design Innovation (ODDI) worked on Middle East Voices’ (MEV) new site and offered some insight into the process.
Perhaps one of the most valuable reasons that the ODDI team chose to work with Agile is because it allowed their customer, Middle East Voices (MEV), to be one of the team members. By allowing MEV to be involved in the process the whole way through, they were able to immediately ask questions or ask for changes without waiting for particular milestones. “Management style (is) based on getting working software done a little at a time,” states Agile-Process.org, “Instead of … waiting till the project ends for software, we (can) manage our requirements and demonstrate each new version to the customer.”
In order to help future organizations achieve these goals, a group of developers (in the 1990′s) came up with a list of methodology principles for “The Agile Manifesto” that are necessary for more streamlined programming, including:
- Individuals and interactions over processes and tools
- Working software over comprehensive documentation
- Customer collaboration over contract negotiation
- Responding to change over following a plan
Martin described how essential it was to have such a streamlined process for programming projects, such as for MEV, when it comes to the rapidly changing face of digital journalism. “They came to the (ODDI) team with a good sense of what they wanted to accomplish,” explains Martin, “They knew that mobile was incredibly important to their audience, so it was important to not just do a mobile optimized desktop version of the site—instead we all decided that we wanted to take a ‘mobile first’ approach.” After all, making sure that your audience can access your content—regardless of their mobile platform or telecommunications connection—is almost a pre-requisite for engaging and interacting with a growing audience.
“Thanks to Agile, our work wasn’t dictated by the requirements,” adds Martin, “Instead we could work collaboratively with the customer toward the goals of the project.” Martin also was happy with how receptive MEV was to working collaboratively, on a daily basis. “(MEV) saw that their involvement had a lot to do with the success of the project; you get better results the more involved that you are,” said Martin.
In fact, one of the most satisfactory outcomes from the process was the incredible time and resource savings. According to Martin, since ODDI is a small team of specialists, Agile allowed their teams to have the flexibility to get some working prototypes in front of (MEV) so they could evaluate it based upon the audience that they already had. These prototypes included such things as wireframes, to card exercises, to information architecture, to live mock websites. “We wanted to take advantage of a collaborative effort up front so we could receive constant feedback,” Martin advocates, “where we could build out a section of the website so MEV could see progress and communicate daily about any quick changes.” With that, they could immediately respond to requests for changes.
From start to finish, Martin said the MEV project took approximately 10 weeks. The 10 weeks included hardware upgrades, information architecture upgrades, and the design and development work. This is compared to lasting approximately “twice as long if not for taking the Agile approach with daily stand-ups and weekly demos of our work in progress,” states Marin, utilizing other processes; demonstrating an obvious savings in the form of time and resources as mentioned above.
Martin also offered a few pointers for future developers who would like to use Agile:
- Get a lot done early in the process; “do this often and do it over and over again.”
- “Get actual working software and working designs in front of the customer early on.” This will allow them to give you direction and ask for adjustments before they become problematic.
- Listen to feedback.
Using agile project development can rapidly speed up processes, open up the lines of communication between the development team and the customer, and can help organizations create beautiful ‘mobile first’ sites that are designed with the audience in mind.
For more information about how other media powerhouses use agile project development, visit “How NPR Benefits from Agile Project Development & You Can Too.”
To visit the new and improved Middle East Voices website: http://www.middleeastvoices.com/
(Thank you to Adam Martin for his contributions to this post.)
(The foregoing commentary does not constitute endorsement by the US Government, the Broadcasting Board of Governors, VOA, MBN, OCB, RFA, or RFE/RL of the information products or services discussed.)
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- A Snapshot of Journalism Labs: New York Times Research & Development Lab - May 7, 2013
- Optimizing Thumbnails and Metadata on YouTube: An ‘Easy Button’ Guide For Journalists - May 3, 2013
- Part 2 of 2: International Broadcasting in the Era of Social Media - May 2, 2013 | <urn:uuid:e353dac7-947d-461b-a0bf-1c90d9f3e2e8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.innovation-series.com/2012/06/20/agile-in-action-middle-east-voices/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00523-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.951287 | 1,202 | 1.851563 | 2 |
Fayette County was formed in 1821 out of parts of the lands of the Creek Indian Nation and is named after Marquis de LaFayette, who, though from France, was one of Gen. George Washington’s key commanders during the Revolutionary War.
Notable landmarks include the historic Fayette County Courthouse, Starr's Mill and Lake Peachtree. Large employers include Piedmont Fayette Hospital, NCR and Cooper Lighting.
Fayette experienced a population boom in the early 2000's and is one of the most affluent counties in the state of Georgia.
Within Fayette County are the cities of Brooks, Fayetteville, Peachtree City, Tyrone, and Woolsey.
Fayette County by the Numbers (2019)
|Population Change (since 2010)
|Population Forecast (2050)
|Median Household Income
|Mean Travel Time to Work*
|Single Family Building Permits
|Multifamily Building Permits
Below is ARC's 21-County Dashboard
where you can find various data points about Fayette County.
Fayette County Data Resources
Other Fayette County Resources
ARC board members representing all or parts of Fayette
- US Census Bureau, County Population Estimates, 2019
- US Census Bureau, American Community Survey (1-year estimates), 2019
- Atlanta Regional Commission (ARC), Series 16 Forecasts
- HUD, State of the Cities Data System (SOCDS), 2019
* Showing 2012-16 (5-year average) data due to lack of 2017 (1-year) data for this county | <urn:uuid:ce2dc1d2-eccf-4c95-be6b-5f63ff6a2df4> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://atlantaregional.org/atlanta-region/county-profiles/fayette-county/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573876.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20220820012448-20220820042448-00074.warc.gz | en | 0.871805 | 398 | 2.328125 | 2 |
Employers Not Filling Gap in Need for Paid Parental Leave in U.S.
This Mother’s Day, the United States is still behind all other high-income industrialized nations when it comes to providing paid leave to parents. And, according to a new analysis released today by the Institute for Women’s Policy Research (IWPR), employers are not filling the gap—despite many providing paid leave benefits beyond legal requirements.
The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) celebrated its 20th anniversary this year and provides eligible employees with up to 12-weeks of job-protected, unpaid leave for reasons that include to care or bond with a new child. The United States is one of only four countries in the world that does not provide paid maternity leave to workers.
Only slightly more than a third of all workers in the United States work in workplaces with paid maternity leave, according to the Family and Medical Leave in 2012 Survey. Even among the top 100 most family-friendly companies, as selected by Working Mother magazine, close to one in five only provide one to two weeks paid maternity leave, or none at all.
In good news, since 2006, paid leave for birth fathers and adoptive parents has become more common among Working Mother’s top 100 family-friendly companies. There has been a marked increase in the number of top 100 companies that are providing paid leave to adoptive parents, from 54 percent in 2006 to 80 percent in 2012.
“The evidence is clear: paid parental leave is good for children, for mothers, and for fathers,” said Barbara Gault, Ph.D., Vice President and Executive Director at IWPR. “The absence of paid parental leave is particularly pernicious for low-waged families, hurting both the current and next generation.”
“The evidence presented in the briefing paper shows that paid leave insurance is affordable and workable,” said Ariane Hegewisch, Study Director at IWPR. “All we are asking for this Mother’s Day is evidence-based policymaking for balancing work and family needs.”
The Institute for Women's Policy Research (IWPR) is a 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization that conducts rigorous research and disseminates its findings to address the needs of women and their families, promote public dialogue, and strengthen communities and societies. | <urn:uuid:c612aa3c-4c27-48eb-9117-b234c787782d> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.momsrising.org/blog/employers-not-filling-gap-in-need-for-paid-parental-leave-in-us | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00516-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.958856 | 491 | 1.6875 | 2 |
Carletti, Elena, Cerasi, Vittoria and Daltung, Sonja (2004) Multiple-bank lending: diversification and free-riding in monitoring. Discussion paper, 490. Financial Markets Group, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
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This paper analyzes banks’ choice between lending to firms individually and sharing lending with other banks, when firms and banks are subject to moral hazard and monitoring is essential. Multiple-bank lending is optimal whenever the benefit of greater diversification in terms of higher monitoring dominates the costs of free-riding and duplication of efforts. The model predicts a greater use of multiple-bank lending when banks are small relative to investment projects, firms are less profitable, and poor financial integration, regulation and inefficient judicial systems increase monitoring costs. These results are consistent with empirical observations concerning small business lending and loan syndication.
|Item Type:||Monograph (Discussion Paper)|
|Additional Information:||© 2004 The Authors|
|Library of Congress subject classification:||H Social Sciences > HG Finance
H Social Sciences > HB Economic Theory
|Journal of Economic Literature Classification System:||G - Financial Economics > G2 - Financial Institutions and Services > G21 - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
D - Microeconomics > D8 - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty > D82 - Asymmetric and Private Information
G - Financial Economics > G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance > G32 - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure
|Sets:||Research centres and groups > Financial Markets Group (FMG)
Collections > Economists Online
Collections > LSE Financial Markets Group (FMG) Working Papers
|Date Deposited:||05 Aug 2009 10:13|
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|Record administration - authorised staff only| | <urn:uuid:5bf7ef27-6872-472b-a514-1b46f2d69696> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/24702/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280763.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00517-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.784126 | 409 | 1.609375 | 2 |
Billionaire Mukesh Ambani the chairman of Reliance Industries has often shared the success story of the oil-telecom conglomerate, often charting RIL’s growth to become one of India’s most valued company by market capitalisation. Commanding a whopping market capitalisation of 5.94 lakh crore, the company was started with a meager Rs 1,000 and just one employee just about half a century ago. In October-17, Reliance Industries had hit a new milestone, as the company’s market capitalisation topped a staggering Rs 6 lakh crore, as the shares touched life-high levels. RIL had become the first company to hit the magical figure. Currently, TCS leads the race with a market capitalisation of Rs 6.03 lakh crore. We take a closer look at what Mukesh Ambani has to say about RIL’s rise.
Where it all started
“My father founded Reliance in 1966 with one just employee and with a meagre capital of only Rs 1000, or about USD 130 at that time. Even then, his dream was to build Reliance as a world-class and world-scale Indian business conglomerate. He realised his dream in his own lifetime,” Mukesh Ambani said at Financial Times ArcelorMittal Boldness in Business Awards in March this year.
“It is a matter of great pride for me that, since Reliance’s IPO in 1977, our shareholders’ money has doubled every two and a half years, for the last 40 years,” Ambani observes.
Contribution to India’s economy
“During the same period, Reliance has contributed more to India’s national wealth than any other business group,” Mukesh Ambani said. Notably, a recent report by Institute for Competitiveness, finds that Reliance Jio’s disruptive entry into the industry has led to at least Rs 60,000 crore in annual savings for Indian consumers.
On Reliance Jio
“In less than 18 months of its launch, Jio has enabled 99 % of India’s 1.3 billion population to zip forward from the past to the future,” he said.
The way forward
Within the next few years, Jio will empower the equivalent of two-thirds of Europe’s population to enjoy a world-class digital services in India. | <urn:uuid:0389af92-d787-407d-bbc5-f25605d2cd21> | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | https://www.mynews.in/business-news/mukesh-ambanis-5-quotes-which-chart-reliance-industries/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882573744.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20220819161440-20220819191440-00477.warc.gz | en | 0.960411 | 505 | 1.632813 | 2 |
|Под заказ. Поступление на склад 14.02.2017|
Based upon the Greek myth of the sculptor Pygmalion who fell in love with his own statue of a woman, George Bernard Shaw's celebrated play-and the musical adaptation by Alan Jay Lerner-feature phonetics professor Henry Higgins who transformed cockney flower girl Eliza into a lady.
Цена 4 365 тг. за 1 штКоличество | <urn:uuid:bda79977-c4f3-41be-9ac7-f455765bcca8> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://bestseller.kz/catalog/el/pygmalion_and_my_fair_lady/ | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280900.71/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00006-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.744681 | 134 | 1.703125 | 2 |
Star Wars - Rebels Fight The Empire! (guided reading series)
Star Wars - Rebels Fight The Empire! (guided reading series) (Fentiman David):
Autor a popis:
New guided reading series from DK designed to help kids learn how to read and learn to love reading
Could you stand up to the mighty Empire? Have you got what it takes to become a rebel? Star Wars Rebels™: Fight the Empire! reveals all about the daring adventures of the crew of the Ghost, and their heroic struggle to free the galaxy.
Star Wars Rebels™: Fight the Empire! "Starting to read alone" level, is part of the new DK Reads series, with three reading levels that help children become confident readers. DK Reads is created in consultation with literacy experts and adheres to leveled reading scheme guidelines so the grammar, vocabulary and content are spot on for each stage. The "Starting to read alone" level develops skills to read confidently and accurately with fluency and good understanding. | <urn:uuid:c1edb99e-9a49-4aa9-b7b4-c9e6a3d61553> | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | http://www.beletrie.eu/knihy/star-wars---rebels-fight-the-empire-guided-reading-series.html | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719547.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00394-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.902332 | 203 | 2.078125 | 2 |
The Linux Socket Filter: Sniffing Bytes over the Network
Even if the BPF language is pretty simple and easy to learn, most of us would probably be more comfortable with filters written in human-readable expressions. So, instead of presenting the details and instructions of the BPF language (which you can find in the above-mentioned paper), we will discuss how to obtain the code for a working filter starting from a logic expression.
First, you will need to install the tcpdump program from LBL (see Resources). But, if you are reading this article, it is likely that you already know and use tcpdump. The first versions were written by the same people who wrote the BPF paper and its first implementation. In fact, tcpdump uses BPF, in the form of a library called libpcap, to capture and filter packets. The library is an OS-independent wrapper for the BPF engine. When used on Linux machines, BPF functions are carried out by the Linux packet filter.
One of the most useful functions provided by the libpcap is pcap_compile(), which takes a string containing a logic expression as input and outputs the BPF filter code. tcpdump uses this function to translate the command-line expression passed by the user into a working BPF filter. What is interesting for our purposes is that tcpdump has a seldomly used switch, -d, which prints the code of the filter.
For example, typing tcpdump host 192.168.9.10 will start sniffing and grab only those packets whose source or destination IP address matches 192.168.9.10. Typing tcpdump -d host 192.168.9.10 will print the BPF code that recognizes the filter, as shown in Listing 3.
Let's briefly comment on this code; lines 0-1 and 6-7 verify that the captured frame is actually transporting IP, ARP or RARP protocols by comparing their protocol IDs (see /usr/include/linux/if_ether.h) with the value found at offset 12 in the frame (see Figure 1). If the test fails, the packet is discarded (line 13).
Lines 2-5 and 8-11 compare the source and destination IP addresses with 192.168.9.10. Note that, depending on the protocol, the offsets of these addresses are different; if the protocol is IP, they are 26 and 30, otherwise they are 28 and 38. If one of the addresses matches, the packet is accepted by the filter, and the first 68 bytes are passed to the application (line 12).
The filter code is not always optimized, since it is generated for a generic BPF machine and not tailored to the specific architecture that runs the filter engine. In the particular case of the LPF, the filter is run by the PF_PACKET processing routines, which may have already checked the Ethernet protocol. This depends on the protocol field you specified in the initial socket() call: if it is not ETH_P_ALL (which means that every Ethernet frame shall be captured), then only frames having the specified Ethernet protocol will arrive at the filter. For example, in the case of an ETH_P_IP socket, we could rewrite a faster and more compact filter as follows:
(000) ld (001) jeq #0xc0a8090a jt 4 jf 2 (002) ld (003) jeq #0xc0a8090a jt 4 jf 5 (004) ret #68 (005) ret #0
Installing an LPF is a straightforward operation: all you have to do is create a sock_filter structure containing the filter and attach it to an open socket.
The filter structure is easily obtained by substituting the -d switch to tcpdump with -dd. The filter will be printed as a C array that you can copy and paste into your code, as shown in Listing 4. Afterward, you attach the filter to the socket by simply issuing a setsockopt() call.
We will conclude this article with a complete example (see Listing 5 at ftp://ftp.linuxjournal.com/pub/lj/listings/issue86/). It is exactly like the first two examples, with the addition of the LSF code and the setsockopt() call. The filter has been configured to select only UDP packets, having either source or destination IP address 192.168.9.10 and source UDP port equal to 5000.
In order to test this listing, you will need a simple way to generate arbitrary UDP packets (such as sendip or apsend, found on http://freshmeat.net/). Also, you may want to adapt the IP address to match the ones used in your own LAN. To accomplish this, just substitute 0xc0a8090a in the filter code with the IP address of your choice in hex notation.
A final remark concerns the status of the Ethernet card when you exit the program. Since we did not reset the Ethernet flags, the card will remain in promiscuous mode. To solve this problem, all you need to do is install a Control-C (SIGINT) signal handler that resets the Ethernet flags to their previous value (which you will have saved just before ORing with IFF_PROMISC) before exiting the program.
- Let's Go to Mars with Martian Lander
- Applied Expert Systems, Inc.'s CleverView for TCP/IP on Linux
- My Childhood in a Cigar Box
- Papa's Got a Brand New NAS
- Rogue Wave Software's TotalView for HPC and CodeDynamics
- Panther MPC, Inc.'s Panther Alpha
- Debugging Democracy
- Simplenote, Simply Awesome!
- NethServer: Linux without All That Linux Stuff | <urn:uuid:b904743c-4381-4173-b5aa-bcaf3842acb6> | CC-MAIN-2017-04 | http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/4659?page=0,2 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-04/segments/1484560280791.35/warc/CC-MAIN-20170116095120-00365-ip-10-171-10-70.ec2.internal.warc.gz | en | 0.895087 | 1,217 | 2.953125 | 3 |
Subsets and Splits