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As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, many jurisdictions have adopted
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and may continue to adopt or modify laws, rules, regulations, and/or
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decrees intended to address the COVID-19 pandemic, including
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implementing travel restrictions, such as vaccination requirements for
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travel to and/or from certain regions. In addition, many jurisdictions
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have limited social mobility and gatherings. As the COVID-19 pandemic or
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related restrictions continue, governments, corporations, and other
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authorities may continue to implement restrictions or policies that
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could further restrict the ability of our Hosts and guests to
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participate on our platform.
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There is increased governmental interest in regulating technology
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companies in areas including platform content, data privacy, data
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security, intellectual property protection, ethical marketing, tax, data
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localization and data access, artificial intelligence or algorithm-based
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bias or discrimination, competition, and real estate broker related
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activities. In addition, increasing governmental interest in, and public
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awareness of, the impacts and effects of climate change and greater
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emphasis on sustainability by federal, state, and international
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governments could lead to further regulatory efforts to address the
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carbon impact of housing and travel. In particular, the current
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regulatory landscape regarding climate change (including disclosure
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requirements and requirements regarding energy and water use and
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efficiency), both within the United States and in many other locations
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where we operate worldwide, is evolving at a pace, and is likely to
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continue to develop in ways, that require our business to adapt. Many
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U.S. states, either individually or through multi-state regional
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initiatives, have begun to address greenhouse gas emissions, including
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disclosure requirements relating thereto, and some U.S. states have also
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adopted various environmental, social and governance ("SG"-related
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efforts, initiatives and requirements. As a result, governments may
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enact new laws and regulations and/or view matters or interpret laws and
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regulations differently than they have in the past, including laws and
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regulations which are responsive to ESG trends or otherwise seek to
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reduce the carbon emissions relating to travel and set minimum energy
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efficiency requirements, which could materially adversely affect our
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business, results of operations, and financial condition. In particular,
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stricter regulation in relation to energy and water use and efficiency
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requirements could lead to a reduced number of listings in affected
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jurisdictions. The legislative landscape continues to be in a state of
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constant change as well as legal challenge with respect to these laws
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and regulations, making it difficult to predict with certainty the
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ultimate impact they will have on our business in the aggregate. We
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incur significant expenses and commit significant resources so that our
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platform can comply with applicable laws and regulations; however, there
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is no assurance that we will be able to fully implement technical
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upgrades and other system implementations in a timely manner since
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implementations often involve building new infrastructure and tools,
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which contain the inherent risk of unplanned errors and defects, and in
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certain instances we may be unable to respond to legislation or
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regulation in a way that fully mitigates any negative impacts our
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business.
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Any new or existing laws and regulations applicable to existing or
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future business areas, including amendments to or repeal of existing
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laws and regulations, or new interpretations, applications, or
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enforcement of existing laws and regulations, could expose us to
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substantial liability, including significant expenses necessary to
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comply with such laws and regulations, and materially adversely impact
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bookings on our platform, thereby materially adversely affecting our
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business, results of operations, and financial condition. For example,
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the UK laws and regulations that impact our UK and EU operations,
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including those relating to payment processing, data privacy and data
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security, legal protection for platforms, workers'rights, and
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intellectual property changed or may change following the United
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Kingdom' departure from the European Union. The Omnibus Directive also
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introduces stricter penalties for breaches of consumer protection law.
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This includes an introduction of fines as a mandatory element of
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penalties in some situations and higher amounts, as well as additional
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information requirements. The Collective Redress Directive replaced its
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predecessor in November 2020. This relatively new Directive allows for
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the recovery of monetary compensation on behalf of large classes of
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consumers, and greatly extends the scope to new areas, including for
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example misleading and comparative advertising, data privacy and data
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security. The European Union is also enhancing the regulation of digital
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services, and in November 2022, the DSA came into force. The majority of
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the substantive provisions of the DSA will begin to take effect between
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2023 and 2024. The DSA will govern, among other things, potential
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liability for illegal content on platforms, traceability of traders, and
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transparency reporting obligations, including information on "onthly
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active recipients"in the European Union. The DSA may increase compliance
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costs and require additional resources as well as changes to our
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processes and operations. In parallel, the Digital Markets Act (the "MA"
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came into force in November 2022 and introduces ex ante regulation of
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certain large online platforms. We do not anticipate being designated a
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regulated gatekeeper platform for the purposes of the DMA although this
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could change at some point in the future. Some European jurisdictions
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(such as Germany) have also introduced new competition rules in relation
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to digital platforms similar to the DMA at the national level. These
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laws may contain certain regulatory requirements and/or obligations that
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could negatively impact the business of companies like ours.
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Furthermore, some of our Hosts or some of our offerings may now or in
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the future be subject to the European Package Travel Directive, which
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imposes various obligations upon package providers and upon marketers of
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travel packages, such as disclosure obligations to consumers and
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liability to consumers. Our efforts to influence legislative and
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regulatory proposals have an uncertain chance of success, could be
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limited by laws regulating lobbying or advocacy activity in certain
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jurisdictions, and even if successful, could be expensive and time
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consuming, and could divert the attention of management from operations.
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