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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | a1baf5d0-1875-4f13-b283-9260bce5a476 | [{'content': 'Ossifying fibroma manifests as: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Unilocular radiolucency., B. Unilocular radiopoacity., C. Multilocular radiolucency., D. Multilocular radiopoacity.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | c7d3b43e-bcf6-4d61-bca9-552c07da0d6f | [{'content': 'All of the following groups of newborns are at an increased risk of hypoglycemia except – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Birth asphyxia, B. Respiratory distress syndrome, C. Maternal diabetes, D. Post term infant', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Neonatal hypoglycemia is, seen in preterm infants (not post term)', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 497ea93a-5cb7-481b-887c-8ffb86395262 | [{'content': 'Resorption of cementum as compared to bone occurs: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Less readily, B. More readily, C. Same, D. Undermining resorption', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | c1aa8a36-280b-4195-b6eb-7f5b581ded0d | [{'content': 'Mandibulectomy cantor Curtis class 2 defect Is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Midline, B. lateral to canine, C. Alveolus, D. discontinuity defect', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 11d1f3f4-3b4e-424c-bb1c-766afe040123 | [{'content': 'A 40 year woman was brought to the casualty 8 hours after sustaining burns on the abdomen, both the limbs and back. What will be the best formula to calculate amount of fluid to be replenished? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 2 mL/kg x %TBSA, B. 4 mL/kg x %TBSA, C. 8 mL/kg x %TBSA, D. 4 mL/kg x %TBSA in first 8 hours followed by 2 mL/ kg/hour x %TBSA', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Answer- A. 2 mL/kg x %TBSAFluid resuscitation in burns:According to ATLS 10th edition, 2018, the resuscitation formula used in thermal burns is 2 mL/kg x % TBSA.First 8 hours: 1 mL/kg x % TBSA (lactated Ringer solution)Next 16 hours: 1 mL/kg x % TBSA (lactated Ringer solution)For a patient presenting 8 hours after sustaining thermal burns, the total volume using resuscitation formula should be given in the next 16 hours i.e; 2 mL/kg x % TBSA in the next 16 hours while maintaining target urine output of 0.5 mL/kg/hr for adults.In adults, urine output should be maintained between 30 and 50 cc/hr to minimize potential over-resuscitation.The total percentage of the burnt area is calculated clinically using the rule of nines. Burns - Formulae for Fluid Calculation(Updated according to ATLS 10th edition 2018 guidelines)', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 5dd3fc6a-7e12-4899-a250-102f79d9a7fd | [{'content': 'Most common functional tumors of endocrine pancreas? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Vipoma, B. Gastrinoma, C. Glucagonoma, D. Somatostatinoma', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Answer- B. GastrinomaInsulinoma is the most common functional tumour but if that wasnt there in the optios then gastrinoma is the next answer.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: ENT | 6ace03e9-b26c-455d-a158-71cbf9a0854b | [{'content': 'The main vessel involved in bleeding from Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Facial aery, B. Ascending pharyngeal aery, C. Internal maxillary aery, D. Anterior ethmoidal aery', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. Internal maxillary aery(Ref Dhingra 7/e p281-282, 5/261-263)Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma:MC benign tumor of nasopharynx (but overall angiofibroma rare).MC site:Posterior pa of nasal cavity close to the margin of sphenopalatine foramen.Seen exclusively in males of 10-20 years.Testosterone dependent tumor - Seen in pre-pubeal to adolescent males.Features:Locally invasive vasoformative tumor consisting of endothelium lined vessels with no muscle coat.Main feeding vessel in most cases = Internal maxillary aery.Internal maxillary aery - External carotid aery branch.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | c214089e-b1b2-4249-9e29-1a75afc53dff | [{'content': 'Incus and malleus are derived from: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Dorsal end of meckels cartilage., B. Ventral end of meckels cartilage., C. Inferior end of meckels cartilage., D. Any of the above.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 3fa4b9e1-0992-4f0f-b2c5-c3b620d91bd2 | [{'content': 'The most common odontogenic tumour which occurs in relation to an unerupted tooth in the anterior maxilla: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Odontogenic adenomatoid tumour, B. Odontoma, C. Myxoma, D. Cementifying fibroma', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 0ba9328b-c265-4d98-8259-314789a2f00d | [{'content': 'Brachytherapy is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Irradiation of tissues from a distance, B. Irradiation of tissues from a distance of 3 cm, C. Irradiation of tissues by implants within the tissues, D. Irradiation of tissues by radiopharmaceuticals', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | 650d801f-749f-480f-bad9-399be17408a5 | [{'content': 'Golgi apparatus in serous acinar cells is at: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Supranuclear, B. Apical, C. Adjacent to nucleus, D. Basal', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans. a. SupranuclearSerous cells have a pyramidal shape.They possess large amounts of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with many ribosome free regions, supranuclear Golgi complex and numerous spherical secretory granules.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 2d2d97d9-cb57-4636-897d-6cdb3223544c | [{'content': 'An imaginary occlusal curve that contacts the buccal and lingual cusp tips of mandibular buccal teeth is called the \nSelect and explain. \nA. Catenary curve, B. Curve of spee, C. Monson curve, D. Wilson curve', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | fee8e15d-e052-4604-a6d6-612b6d8206a1 | [{'content': 'An infant presented to the OPD with a history of vomiting and malnutrition. On investigation, the Guthrie test was found to be positive.All are true regarding this disease except? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Due to Phenylalanine hydroxylase enzyme defect, B. White patch of hair due to tryptophan deficiency, C. Phenyl acetate positive in urine, D. Mental retardation is present', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. White patch of hair due to tryptophan deficiencyThe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase is the cause of this disease.The genetic mutation may be such that either the enzyme is not synthesized, or a non-functional enzyme is synthesized.The classical Phenylketonuria child is mentally retarded with an IQ of 50.Guthrie test is a rapid screening test.Ferric chloride test: The urine of the patient contains phenyl ketones about 500-3000 mg/day.This could be detected by adding a drop of ferric chloride to the urine.A transient blue-green colour is a positive test.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 50b9065e-2d97-44cb-a7e1-bd755a4fbb85 | [{'content': 'The porosity formed due to simultaneous nucleation of solid grains and gas bubbles at the first moment that metal freezes at the mold walls is called: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Pinhole porosity, B. Gas inclusion porosity, C. Micro porosity, D. Subsurface porosity.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | 13c88190-2ea3-4939-87e3-5d4752552fcf | [{'content': 'A 6 days old neonate weighing 2800 gm (bih weight 3200 gm) was brought with the complaints of fever, poor feeding and poor activity. There was no history of vomiting or diarrhea. Axillary temperature was 39degC with depressed fontenalle, sunken eyes, decreased urine output and decreased skin turgor. Her mother has the history of decreased milk production. What is your diagnosis? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Neonatal sepsis, B. Galactosemia, C. Fever & dehydration, D. Acute renal failure', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Neonatal sepsisInitial Signs & Symptoms of Infection in Newborn InfantsGeneralCardiovascular SystemFever, temperature instabilitydegNot doing well, poor feedingdegEdemadegPallor, mottling, cold clammy skindegHypotension, tachycardiadegBradycardiaGastrointestinal SystemCentral Nervous SystemAbdominal distentiondegVomiting, diarrheadegHepatomegalyIrritability, lethargy, high pitched cryTremors, seizuresdegHyporeflexia, hypotonia, abnormal Moro's reflexdegRespiratory SystemHematological SystemApnea, dyspnea, tachypneadegRetractions, flaring, gruntingdegCyanosisdegPallor, jaundice, splenomegalydegBleedingPetechiae, purpura", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 3b261ffc-4ab3-4e68-a7b8-8e3881edfa55 | [{'content': 'Pneumococcal vaccine PCV 23 polysaccharide has shown the best results in the following people \nSelect and explain. \nA. Sickle cell anemia, B. Cystic fibrosis, C. Child less than 2 year age, D. Recurrent otitis media and sinusitis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: - PCV 23 vaccine is recommended for, - Older people > 65 years age - 2-64 years age if they have, Chronic cardiovascular disease Chronic pulmonary disease Diabetes mellitus Alcoholic Chronic smokers Chronic liver disease / cirrhosis Asplenia like sickle cell disease or splenectomy Immunosuppressed like HIV Organ transplantation Renal disease / transplantation - For children < 2 years age, PCV- 23 is strictly contraindicated.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 15b83eb8-206b-43e2-a4c4-4ffe3a833f98 | [{'content': 'Light transmitting wedges transmit: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 70-80% of incident light, B. 80-85% of incident light, C. 85-90% of incident light, D. 90-95% of incident light', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Light transmitting wedges\n\nAs the name indicates, these types of wedges transmit\xa090 to 95 percent of incident light.\nThey are a type of plastic wedges.\nTransparent in nature.\nDesigned for use in the cervical area of class II composite resin restoration.\n\nNisha Garg, Amit Garg. Textbook of Operative Dentistry.\xa0 Edition 3. Page:209', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | c434a6cb-2867-4c28-a032-a0fc2bba700a | [{'content': 'Chronic hyperpLastic pulpitis is \nSelect and explain. \nA. necrotizing, B. suppurative lesion, C. proliferation of a chronically inflamed pulp, D. also called as phoenix abscess', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 9a97b879-df24-4f11-b1b4-d3c64a3a5fc7 | [{'content': 'What is responsible for rhythm generation of inspiration? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Dorsal nucleus of vagus, B. Pre botzinger complex, C. ventral respiratory neurons, D. Pneumotaxic center', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. B. Pre botzinger complexRhythmic respiration is initiated by a small group of synaptically coupled pacemaker cells in the pre-Botzinger complex (pre-BOTC) on either side of the medulla between the nucleus ambiguus and the lateral reticular nucleus.The main components of the respiratory control pattern generator responsible for automatic respiration are located in the medulla.Rhythmic respiration is initiated by a small group of synaptically coupled pacemaker cells in the pre-Botzinger complex (pre-BOTC) on either side of the medulla between the nucleus ambiguus and the lateral reticular nucleus.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Radiology | e3782486-d6bf-4ef2-8830-5cdfdcacb020 | [{'content': "In leukemia patient, post extraction bleeding doesn't stop because of: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increased leukocyte count, B. Increased Ca+ level in blood, C. Platelet disorder, D. Deficiency of clotting factors", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | c2b7295b-41e0-4f43-8c7b-aba487b0f4a5 | [{'content': 'All of the following constitute the active management of third stage of labour for the prevention of postpaum hemorrhage (PPH) except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Direct injection of oxytocin after delivery of anterior shoulder, B. Constant controlled cord traction, C. Early cord clamping and cutting, D. Prophylactic misoprostol', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C (Early cord clamping and cutting) Current evidence shows that delayed cord clamping is beneficial for the babv.Immediate cord clamping has been shown to increase the incidence of iron deficiency and anemia.For premature and low bih weight babies immediate cord clamping can also increase the risk of intraventricular hemorrhage and late onset sepsis.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 6b3d4b5e-8390-4a7c-b107-c819f75bd3ed | [{'content': 'Optimum BMP dose for osteogenesis is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 50 μg/mL, B. 2.5 μg/mL, C. 100 μg/mL, D. 100 μg/mL', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 149f4170-803d-4034-acb3-776c0abd48b5 | [{'content': 'Anchorage not being applied here: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Reciprocal, B. Stationary, C. Intramaxillary, D. Intraoral', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Different types of anchorage\nIntraoral Anchorage\n\nAnchorage units are present within the oral cavity.\nAnchorage sources can be teeth, palate, etc.\n\nSimple Anchorage\n\nWhen application of force tends to change the axial inclination of the tooth or teeth that form the anchorage unit in the plane of space in which the force is being applied.\n\nStationary anchorage\n\nAnchor tooth or source does not move against the forces of teeth.\nIn real sense, only the extra-oral source of anchorage like can be from headgears would be anchorage.\nAnchor tooth being housed in a bioactive environment would show some degree of movement and hence cannot be classified as stationary anchorage in a real sense.\n\nReciprocal Anchorage:\n\nTeeth which are pulled against each other to close spaces.\nMidline diastema in the upper arch with elastic arch.\nCross elastics to correct molar cross-bite.\nArch expansion using a midline screw.\nThe molar rotator.\n\n\xa0Single or Primary Anchorage\n\nThe tooth to be moved against a tooth which can have greater alveolar support area.\nLike a\xa0molar along with adjacent premolars used to align another molar.\n\nCompound Anchorage\n\nThe use of more teeth with greater anchorage potential to move a tooth or group of teeth with lesser support.\nLike in the fixed orthodontic appliances retracting incisors using loop mechanics.\n\nReinforced Anchorage\n\nReinforcing of anchorage units by use of more than one type of resistance units.\nLike headgears along with routine fixed mechano-therapy or (extra-oral anchorage and intra arch compound anchorage)\n\nKey Concept:\xa0\nSince the figure shows the movement of both the units towards each other, this doesn’t fit the definition of stationary anchorage.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Medicine | 9915556e-4bff-4728-a142-32cd11836bbb | [{'content': 'Which of the following drugs is not used in management of rheumatoid ahritis? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Etanercept, B. Leftunomide, C. Febuxostat, D. Methotrexate', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Febuxostat- hypouricemic agent It can be used in patient of chronic kidney disease where probenecid cannot be used Probenecid used in under excretion in chronic gout. Chronic Gout: under excreter (Probenecid/Febuxostat)', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | b014b3da-9774-4d31-8af9-115a04590625 | [{'content': 'Biopsy of a clinically suspicious lesion is negative. The most appropriate treatment is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Tell patient no malignancy, B. Repeat the biopsy, C. Observe the patient for twelve months, D. Observe the patient for three months', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | 6efd1009-b52d-4598-a30d-a06fd9867c56 | [{'content': 'A 36 week primigravida was admitted in view of a single seizure episode. On examination her BP is 170/100, PR is 90/min, fetal hea rate is present. Immediate next step in management is? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Inj. mgso4, B. Inj. Calcium gluconate, C. Inj Phenetoin, D. MRI brain', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: This patient appears to have Eclampsia as her BP is raised, immediate management of such seizure episode is inj MgSO4, which is the drug of choice for prevention and management of eclampsia. Management of eclampsia involves Inj MgSO4, IV labetalol (drug of choice for control of BP in pre eclampsia), definitive management is termination of pregnancy.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 4c849247-9621-4088-a67d-58b129063c6c | [{'content': 'For primary herpes simplex, the diagnosis is made by which gene \nSelect and explain. \nA. Culture with giernsa stain, B. Culture with wright strain, C. Routine cytology, D. Flourescent stain for cytology', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 579951c3-517c-41e4-ac39-0a48f474c01b | [{'content': 'In a village of 20,000 population 456 bihs occurred in april, 56 showed no signs of life at bih, 56 died before 28 days of life, 34 died between 28 days- 1 year, 500 was total number of deaths in that year. Infant moality rate? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 197.4, B. 320, C. 225, D. 125', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans.C.225IMR = Number of deaths of children less than 1 year of age in a year X 1000/number of live bihs in the same year.IMR=56+34 X1000/400= 225', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Forensic Medicine | 132fec12-271f-4778-93af-042d6ec32a22 | [{'content': 'A middle aged lady was found in a robbed room lying in a pool of blood on forensic examination there was an entry wound of size around 2 x 2 cm on the left temporal region with tattooing and blackening around the wound. There was also an exit wound with beveling at the right temporal region. On fuher examination two bullet fragments were found inside the brain parenchyma. Which of the following could be used to determine the distance from which the weapon was fired? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Hair, B. Clothes, C. Bullet fragments, D. Blood', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: To calculate the distance from which weapon was fired we have to find range.To calculate blood and bullet fragments are not suitable since they are very small and blood being a liquid is not suitable.Out of hair and clothes since hair is more on head so it is most suitable to calculate range.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Forensic Medicine | 67f63ad4-0c9a-46fb-8689-c79b7a7224da | [{'content': 'A 16-year-old female with normal pubic hair and breast development, presented with complaints of primary amenorrhea. Investigation shows normal karyotype. Most likely diagnosis is:AFMC 12; JIPMER 12; AIIMS 12, 13 \nSelect and explain. \nA. Mullerian agenesis, B. Turner syndrome, C. Testicular feminization, D. Kallmann syndrome', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans. Mullerian agenesis', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 2ef81315-d954-4729-87c9-20a5d20da4a8 | [{'content': 'On massive blood transfusion the following complication occurs- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Respiratory acidosis, B. Metabolic acidosis, C. Metabolic alkalosis, D. Respiratory alkalosis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. Metabolic alkalosisBanked blood has a pH of 6.8 and is acidotic.After massive transfusion citrate in the stored blood is conveed into bicarbonate resulting in metabolic alkalosis.Other complications are-HypokalemiaHypothermiaHypocalcemiaRef: Transfusion Medicine and Hemostasis: Clinical and Laboratory Aspects By Christopher D. Hillye, Page 291 ; Yao and Ausio's Anesthesiology: Problem-Oriented Patient Management By Fun-Sun F. Yao, 6th Edition, Page 1148", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | 761c3922-2330-4ccc-9fc2-64911995760b | [{'content': 'Ponderal index is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Square root of height in feet by weight in grams, B. Weight in kilograms by cube of height in meters, C. Mid-upper arm circumference to head circumference ratio, D. Head circumference to abdominal circumference ratio', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. Weight in kilograms by cube of height in meters(Ref Dafiary Manual of Obstetrics 3/e p199)Ponderal Index:Calculated by multiplying weight in grams by hundred and then dividing by cube of length in cm.Ponderal index = Bih weight (gm)/ Length (cm)3 x 100Interpretation:Usually less than 2 in asymmetric growth retardation.2 or more in babies with normal growth or symmetric growth retardation.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | 80277406-9c77-407e-aa74-eb65fc891435 | [{'content': 'Which of the following is inclusion of cytoplasm? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Endoplasmic reticulum, B. Ribosome, C. Golgi body, D. Glycogen', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 22f37095-b0aa-4603-a72d-8594c37b6f7e | [{'content': 'Which process shows phases of acute inflammation- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Apoptosis, B. Pyroptosis, C. Necroptosis, D. Necrosis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Answer- D NecrosisDirect injury to the endothelium causes cell necrosis and appearance of physical gaps at the sites of detached endothelial cells.In necrosis phospholipase activation occurs that leads to cell damage and leakage of enzymes outside the cell is followed by inflammatory cells resulting in inflammation.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 158075d9-ce50-4a2c-b201-74b3fea5a513 | [{'content': 'Investigation of choice to rule out biliary atresia in a 2-month-old child is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Hepatic scintigraphy, B. ERCP, C. USG, D. CT scan.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Hepatic scintigraphy(Ref. Nelson 20/e p1934, 19/e p1385; Sabiston 20/e p1880, I9/e p1852-1853; Schwaz 10/e p1628, 9/1438-1440; Bailey 27/e p1196, 26/e p1104-1105; Blumga 5/e p595-603; Shackelford 7/e p1390-1396)* Investigation of choice to rule out biliary atresia in a 2- month-old child = Hepatic scintigraphy.Hepatobiliary scintigraphy with technetium-labeled iminodiacetic acid derivatives (HIDA scan):* Used to differentiate biliary atresia from non-obstructive causes of cholestasis.Normal hepatic uptake -* In biliary atresia.* Excretion into intestine is absent.Impaired uptake -* In neonatal hepatitis.* Excretion into intestine occur.* Follow-up scan after 24 hours - Determines the biliary tree patency.* Phenobarbital administration (5 mg/kg/day) for 5 days before scan recommended.* Enhances biliary isotope excretion.Hepatobiliary scintigraphy:* Very sensitive.* Non-specific test for biliary atresia.* Fails to identify other structural abnormalities of biliary tree or vascular anomalies.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | 1f5885bd-7146-46de-87b8-f32ae199ce7c | [{'content': 'HDL is synthesised in \nSelect and explain. \nA. Liver and GIT, B. Liver, C. GIT, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Forensic Medicine | 1a32e105-4c5b-4116-a635-c2eb48d8c25e | [{'content': 'A man throws sulphuric acid on the face of his wife after a fight following which she comes to the emergency for suppoive management. All of these statements are true about chemical burns except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Blisters are present, B. Ulcerated patches are present, C. Absence of singeing of hairs, D. Coagulation necrosis occurs at the site of burn', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Blisters are present(Ref Parikh 6/e p4.168) Vesicles & blisters are usually absent in chemical burns.Chemical burn:Occurs when living tissue is exposed to a corrosive substance such as a strong acid or base.Follows standard burn classification.Cause extensive tissue damage.Main types of irritant and/or corrosive products are:Acids, bases, oxidizersreducing agents, solvents, and alkylants.Chemical weapons, e.g. vesicants such as mustard gas and lewisite, or uicants such as phosgene oxime.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | cd1492ba-bd0d-40cd-bf55-cf385b2d2782 | [{'content': 'Which is best method to assess fetal damage in a diabetes mother in 1st trimester is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Blood sugar estimation, B. Urine ketone assay, C. Amniocentesis to see level of sugar in amniotic fluid, D. Glycosylated Hb', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: In diabetic patients:\n\nMost sensitive test/best test to assess the risk of fetal malformation is maternal HbA1 c levels\nThe best test to detect fetal malformations is USG.\n\nNow question says -\xa0which is the most sensitive screening test to detect congenital malformations. Undoubtedly ultrasound should be the first choice but it is not given in the options.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | b9558853-1ef8-40c5-93a0-4514d251569f | [{'content': 'Which of the following is not an indicator of difficult mask ventilation? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Patient having history of snoring, B. Patient having beard, C. Old age patient, D. Full set of teeth present', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | bc474c2e-6cf4-4df9-b484-3ecada4dd30d | [{'content': 'muscle spindle is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Receptor for a variety of multisynaptic reflexes, B. Receptor for stretch receptor reflex, C. Occurs only in antigravity extensor muscles, D. Excited by both stretch and contraction of the muscles in which it is located', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Pathology | 5141f42f-f120-4531-abe0-8248b8dc1c51 | [{'content': 'A 6 year old patient with anemia, on electrophoresis shows HbF of 90% and HbA2 of 3%. Which of the following will be seen on peripheral smear \nSelect and explain. \nA. A,B, B. A,C, C. B,C, D. ABC', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: The peripheral smears given shows: A - Target cell B - Howell jolly bodies C - Poikilocytosis. - All these features are characteristic to b- Thalassemia major. - Best investigation for the diagnosis of any kind of hemoglobinopathy-HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography)', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 53c524d8-8a1c-4656-aa1f-d9b1368ebd6f | [{'content': 'Recently two methods, CPAP conventional and bubble CPAP were compared, in the conventional method 90 out of 160 showed extubation failure while 40 out of 160 showed extubation failure in the bubble method. Which test would be the best to compare the statically significance between the rates of extubation in the two tests.? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Paired test, B. Chi square test, C. Student test, D. ANOVA', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Chi-square Test\nIt is a test used for qualitative data in which there is no motion of magnitude or size of the attitude. The data are classified by counting the individuals having the same characteristic of attribute.\nStudent t-test\nIt is used for quantitative data. The data has a magnitude and is normally distributed in the population (I.e. Continuous data) eg. Each individual has one measurement from a continuous spectrum or range such as body temperature, height, weight, blood pressure.\nStudent t-test is of three types:\n\nStudent t-test for single small sample.\nStudent t-test for independent samples (also called as unpaired test).\nStudent t-test for paired sample (paired t test).\n\nPaired t-test\nIt compares the means of two paired samples (when two reading, are taken from a same group, before and after an intervention).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Pharmacology | e1e575e9-3c85-4c16-86ad-29f6ea41c627 | [{'content': 'Which of the following is used for the treatment of paucibacillary leprosy? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 2 drugs for 6 months, B. 2 drugs for 12 months, C. 3 drugs for 6 months, D. 3 drugs for 12 months', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: According to the latest guidelines treatment of multibacillary and paulibacillary leprosy is same expect for duration of treatment. Multibacillary Paulibacillary Rifampin 600 mg once a month supervised 600 mg once a month supervised Clofazimine 300 mg once a month supervised + 50 mg daily self administered 300 mg once a month supervised + 50 mg daily self administered Dapsone 100 mg daily self administered 100 mg daily self administered Duration 12 months 6 months', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 8da7f54d-18a6-4f2f-b710-a062f4e55de7 | [{'content': 'The pin used in pin restoration of a root canal treated tooth is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Self thread pin, B. Cemented pin, C. Frictional pin, D. Any of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 5d38732d-4eaa-45ab-814a-788953f95cf2 | [{'content': 'Etching of dentin does not include: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Removal of smear layer, B. Exposure of collagen fibres, C. Opening of dentinal tubules, D. Increases surface energy', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Ophthalmology | 3920361c-7b00-4cb2-ad43-d4bd71127f00 | [{'content': 'ETDRS grading of vision is done for \nSelect and explain. \nA. Endothelial count, B. Corneal topography, C. Primary open angle glaucoma, D. Classification of diabetic retinopathy', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: ETDRS - Early treatment diabetic retinopathy study It is the best cha to measure the vision It is used to early treatment diabetic retinopathy', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 2cdf4e3d-5ee5-460c-b03c-d064ce8182b7 | [{'content': 'Bacteriocidal toxin is found in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Zone of contamination, B. Zone of infection, C. Zone of stimulation, D. Zone of irritation', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: The reaction of the periradicular tissues to noxious products of tissue necrosis, bacterial products and antigenic agents from the root canal has been described by Fish.\nThe four zones\xa0\n\nZone of infection\nZone of contamination\nZone of irritation\nZone of stimulation\n\n\nZone of Infection:\n\n\nThis is present in the center of the lesion.\nIt is characterized by\xa0PMNL's.\nThe bacterial toxins are found in this zone.\n\n\nZone of Contamination:\n\n\nIt is characterized by\xa0round cell infiltration.\nIt demonstrates cellular destruction due to toxins from the central zone or zone of infection.\xa0Because of autolysis and death of bone cells, the lacunae were empty.\nLymphocytes\xa0are prevalent everywhere.\n\n\nZone of Irritation:\n\n\nThis zone is characterized by\xa0macrophages and osteoclasts.\nThe collagen framework was digested by phagocytic cells, the macrophages, while osteoclasts attacked the bone tissue. This opens a gap in the bone all around the center of lesion. That space becomes filled with PMNL's.\xa0It contains cholesterol crystals.\nThis zone demonstrates much activity preparatory to repair.\n\n\nZone of Stimulation: (Peripheral zone)\n\n\nThis zone is characterized by fibroblasts and osteoblasts.\nIn this zone, the effects of toxins were mild enough to be stimulant which results in laying down of collagen fibers around the zone of irritation that acts both as a wall of defense and as a scaffolding on which the osteoblasts built new bone.\nThis new bone was built in an irregular fashion.", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | c30d00e9-dc5c-43fd-9514-b0dd23249546 | [{'content': "Which of the following is not a feature of infective endocarditis. \nSelect and explain. \nA. Roth spot., B. Osler's nodes., C. Aschoff nodules., D. Positive blood culture.", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Aschoff nodules are pathognomonic feature of rheumatic heart disease.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Pharmacology | 89108206-90cd-4886-bb7f-758f8fec9152 | [{'content': 'A 27-year-old female presented to OPD of infeility clinic. She was prescribed bromocriptine. What could be the possible reason? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Hyperprolactinemia, B. Polycystic ovarian disease, C. Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, D. Pelvic inflammatory disease', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Bromocriptine is a D2 agonist, so it decreases the prolactin levels.Increased prolactin can lead to galactorrhea and infeility (by decreasing gonadotropins).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | bceaf94e-75e4-4c00-a4ae-4a0c2d5c3961 | [{'content': 'In case of buccolingual wide proximal box, which of the following wedgging method should be used: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Wedge wedgging., B. Double wedgging., C. Piggy back., D. None.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | 081f057e-a610-4985-89dd-309cf04cbe5c | [{'content': 'Nociceptive signals are transmitted primarily to which of the following? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Nucleus caudalis, B. Limbic system, C. Reticular system, D. Superior cervical ganglion', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Trigeminal Nucleus caudalis is an important site for processing orofacial nociceptive input. After activation of C and A delta fibres, they transmit nociceptive signals primarily via trigeminal nerves to Trigeminal Nucleus caudalis. It is also called as medullary dorsal horn as it has similar anatomical resemblance to spinal dorsal horn.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 51118d57-ac58-4184-8c9b-107cea78ed7a | [{'content': 'At what stage of embryonic development does initial tooth development begins: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 3rd week, B. 6th week, C. 8th week, D. 4th week', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: The odontogenesis of the primary dentition begins in the embryonic period, between the sixth and the seventh week of prenatal development. The first stage of tooth development is initiation, where ectoderm induces the mesenchymal tissue in order to initiate the process.\nThere are 4 main stages of development of the tooth: The first stage begins in the fetus at about 6 weeks of age. This is when the basic substance of the tooth forms. Next, the hard tissue that surrounds the teeth is formed, around 3 to 4 months of gestation.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | cfc6ba19-4de9-43a1-9b88-38fb85f56ac5 | [{'content': "Unique characteristic of attached gingiva in children: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Interdental clefts., B. Retrocuspid papilla., C. Both., D. Stillman's cleft.", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: The two unique characteristics of the attached gingiva in children are interdental clefts and the retrocuspid papilla.\nThe inter dental clefts are normal anatomic features found in the interradicular zones underlying the saddle areas.\nThe retrocuspid papilla is found approximately 1mm below the free gingiva on the attached gingiva lingual to mandibular canine . It occurs in 85°/0 of children and apparently decreases with age.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | f038baf4-0f41-42f7-af00-8d8d113cc36e | [{'content': 'Effect of thumb sucking: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Localized anterior open bite., B. Increase overjet., C. Constricted maxilla, D. All of the above.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Clinical features of thumb sucking:\n\nWell localized\xa0Anterior open bite\nSecondary tongue thrusting(May develop).\nIncreased overjet -\xa0Proclination of upper teeth, Retroclination of lower teeth\nDecreased overbite\nMaxillary constriction (greater maxillary arch\xa0depth & decreased maxillary width) -Posterior cross bite\nMandible rotates downwards and backwards (vertical growth pattern)\nHypotonic upper lip\xa0because of proclination of upper anteriors\nHypertonic lower lip\nHypertonic active mentalis activity causes Long face and convex profile.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 8297afe1-f8be-4c0a-9f67-57aaab8be7a3 | [{'content': 'Patient presented with PSVT after carotid management, BP is 70/30 mm/H & vagal maneuver failed and refractory to adenosine given. what will be the next step- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Synchronised Cardioversion, B. Repeated adenosine, C. Inj. Amiodarone, D. DC shock', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Answer- A. Synchronised CardioversionThe next best step of management in this patient is synchronized cardioversion.The ECG is suggestive of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) at a rate of 150/min. In this case, carotid massage and IV adenosine have failed to control PSVT and the patient continues to have hemodynamic instability (B.P. - 60/30 mmHg). In this condition, synchronized direct current cardioversion (and not just DC shock) should be initiated with the staing dose of 50-100J.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | 03486244-ec95-4253-81cf-8035e53ac651 | [{'content': 'A 7–day old infant has a leaky meningomyelocele. The most useful test for diagnosis and management of the condition is – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Blood–culture and sensitivity, B. Urine–culture and sensitivity, C. Rectal swab–culture and sensitivity, D. Wound swab–culture and sensitivity', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Most cases of meningocele are recommended for treatment as soon after birth as possible.\nIn the case of a sac which is leaking fluid, the treatment is most urgent.\nGenerally, treatment includes a surgical procedure to close and remove the soft tissue covering of back.\nAs there are chances of bacterial meningitis and sepsis due to CSF leak, CSF and blood sample should be send for culture and sensitivity and peri-operative antibiotics (broad spectrum) can be changed to the specific antibiotics after the blood and CCF culture and sensitivity report.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Radiology | 3588f845-135e-4167-8455-ecc975821b3a | [{'content': 'The radiopacity that frequently obliterate the root apices of maxillary molars is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Maxillary sinus, B. Palatine bone, C. Zygoma and Zygomatic process of Maxilla, D. Orbital process of Zygomatic bone', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: FigureA\xa0 shows\xa0 the\xa0 inferior\xa0 border\xa0 of\xa0 the\xa0 zygomatic\xa0 process\xa0 of\xa0 the\xa0 maxilla\xa0 over the\xa0 molars.\xa0 This\xa0 structure\xa0 lies\xa0 buccal\xa0 to\xa0 the\xa0 teeth\xa0 and\xa0 appears to\xa0 move\xa0 mesially\xa0 as\xa0 the\xa0 x-ray\xa0 beam\xa0 is\xa0 oriented\xa0 more\xa0 from the\xa0 distal.\xa0 Similarly,\xa0 as\xa0 the\xa0 angulation\xa0 of\xa0 the\xa0 beam\xa0 is\xa0 increased vertically,\xa0 the\xa0 zygomatic\xa0 process\xa0 is\xa0 projected\xa0 occlusally\xa0 over the\xa0 teeth.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Radiology | 104140eb-9ea9-4d91-8fa2-82aebb82e8ae | [{'content': 'Disadvantages of using a GRID during radiography is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increased patient exposure due to more exposure time, B. Decreased exposure time, C. Increased secondary radiation fog to film, D. Reduces secondary radiation to film', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 4833c423-9658-477c-be6d-4d2d5806c6b7 | [{'content': 'Brittle bone syndrome is caused by \nSelect and explain. \nA. Improper synthesis of procollagen, B. Polymerisation of collagen, C. Increased osteoclastic activity, D. Increased fibroblastic activity', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 6e03d2e1-96ba-4b90-960f-26ed50a2c3ad | [{'content': 'Full mouth disinfection is done in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 24 hours, B. 48 hours, C. 72 hours, D. 36 hours', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | 794874bb-f41b-467b-aea5-7c98b68f7849 | [{'content': 'The nerve which constitutes the sensory nerve supply of capsule of TMJ is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Auriculotemporal nerve, B. Facial nerve, C. Masseteric nerve, D. Auricular nerve', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Branches of auriculotemporal nerve\ni. Slender filaments to the posterior part of the capsule of TMJ\nii. One or two thick branches to the parotid gland which mingle with the branches of the facial nerve in its substance.\niii. Cutaneous branches to the auricle and temple.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | f326a14c-b8d1-43e8-bfca-a8cfe77d3b9f | [{'content': 'For a bonding agent to be effective wetting angle should be \nSelect and explain. \nA. Minimum with dental hard tissue, B. Minimum with dentin and Maximum with enamel, C. Maximum with dentin and Minimum with enamel, D. Maximum with dental hard tissue', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | aca2add1-e577-45a3-b62e-7143ad56ac2d | [{'content': 'The strength of a gypsum investment is dependent\non: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Carbon content, B. Silica content, C. Gypsum, D. Copper', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: α-hemihydrate of gypsum, and quartz\xa0or cristobalite are forms of silica. Most investments contain the α-hemihydrate of gypsum, because of its greater strength. This gypsum product serves as a binder for the other ingredients and to provide rigidity. The strength of the investment is dependent on the amount of binder used. The investment powder may contain 25% to 45% of calcium sulfate hemihydrate. Gypsum shrinks considerably, when it is heated. If the proper forms of silica are employed in the investment, this contraction during heating can be eliminated and changed to an expansion.\nRef: Phillips 12th edition page 201', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | fd711e43-2e62-409e-89fc-4ac2a9a2d5d9 | [{'content': 'Which of the following is the impoant marker of male infeility in semen analysis? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Motility, B. Concentration, C. Volume, D. Sperm Count', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. B. ConcentrationRef: Clinical Gynecologic Endocrinology Infeility, 8' ed.Sperm concentrationand progressive motility is impoant in distinguishing feile from infeile men but strict sperm morphology is one of the most discriminating value.", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anaesthesia | 43a48b2d-df1f-42d0-a999-d76df02c8515 | [{'content': 'A pregnant woman with placenta pre staed to bleed as she went into labor. Her blood pressure was 80/50 mm Hg. A lower segment caesarean section was planned in view of acute shock. What type of anesthesia will you plan for this patient? \nSelect and explain. \nA. General anesthesia with IV induction by ketamine, B. Spinal anesthesia up to L4 level, C. General anesthesia with IV induction by propofol followed by maintenance with fluranes, D. Sedation and epidural analgesia', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. General anesthesia with IV induction by ketamine(Ref Williams 24/e p516; Morgan 4/e p197-199)This patient of placenta pre is in labor and has bled into shock.She should be delivered by cesarean section under general anesthesia.General anesthesia is preferred as it is a more controllable modality and there is a significant risk of hypotension associated with spinal anesthesia.Ketamine is the preferred agent in cases of acute shock.Stimulates sympathetic system causing tachycardia and hypeension, so it is intravenous anaesthetic of choice for shock.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | 6b4abfdd-bcd7-4f10-aa75-124aadf5fcd0 | [{'content': 'A patient requires 180 mg ceftriaxone. The l contains 500 mg/5ml of ceftriaxone. You have a 2 ml syringe with l0 divisions per ml. How many divisions in the 2 ml syringe will you fill to give 180 mg ceftriaxone? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 9, B. 18, C. l0, D. 12', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. 18500 mg/ 5 ml means 100 mg/l ml. Since 100 mg is present in 1 ml, therefore, 180 mg of drug is present in 1.8 ml.Now it is clear that we must administer 1.8 ml of the above solution to administer the desired amount of drug.Last thing is to calculate the divisions to administer 1.8 ml.10 division per ml means each 0. 1 ml is equal to 1 division.Therefore, 1 .8 ml will be equal to l8 divisions.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | c752cb28-bcb7-4bf3-bf67-9387d7d931c8 | [{'content': 'An adult patient sustained a subcondylar fracture on the left side. Clinically it is seen that there is : \nSelect and explain. \nA. Moderate intraoral bleeding, B. Trismus and bilateral crepitus, C. Deviation of the mandible to the right on protrusion, D. Inability to deviate the mandible to the right', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | 80373cf9-5322-408c-ae6b-bff7f9fb2d88 | [{'content': 'What is the best time to give anti-D to a pregnant patient? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 12 weeks, B. 28 weeks, C. 36 weeks, D. After delivery', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. 28 weeks (Ref Williams 24/e p312: COGT 11/e p353; FERNANDO ARIAS 4/e p374).Best time to give anti-D to a pregnant patient is 28 weeks.According to American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, 2010:Anti-D immune globulin is given prophylactically to all Rh D-negative, unsensitized women at approximately 28 weeks.Second dose is given after delivery if the infant is Rh D-positive .', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 455ebd1d-982f-4a99-948c-8b541e36db40 | [{'content': 'Gingivitis \nSelect and explain. \nA. Inevitably progresses to periodontitis, B. Affects approximately 40% of adolescents, C. Is characterized by true pocketing, D. Is a reversible lesion', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | ea373189-624d-4fb7-bb2b-2168c1e77d61 | [{'content': 'The protein rich in basic amino acids, which functions in the packaging of DNA in chromosomes, is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Histone, B. Collagen, C. Hyaluronic acid binding protein, D. Fibrinogen', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 9bb726e8-7d22-4666-979d-64ee3a2fcb40 | [{'content': "Statistics to check out mean of values is done by: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Chi-square test, B. Student's analysis, C. Probability test, D. Horizontal studies", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 8d7dde3d-ad21-4240-8141-393f436b2e49 | [{'content': 'In class II cavity for inlay, the cavosurface margin of the gingival seat clears the adjacent tooth by: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 0.20+ 0.05mm, B. 0.50+ 0.20mm, C. 0.80 ± 0.35mm, D. 1.10 ± 0.45mm', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | 7afc56e6-6ada-4418-9d5a-68b7b061c5e3 | [{'content': 'Aspirin acts on which part of brain? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Substantia gelatinosa, B. Limbic system, C. Medulla, D. Cortex', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 6a2018d0-b742-44ff-a1df-5d0ce3483984 | [{'content': 'A latex agglutination test for detection of meningitis was approved. Calculate the sensitivity and specificity of the test based on the data given below: Test PositiveTest NegativeDiseased273Non-diseased595 \nSelect and explain. \nA. Sensitivity 90% Specificity 95%, B. Specificity 90% Sensitivity 95%, C. Sensitivity 80% Specificity 90%, D. Sensitivity 75% Specificity 95%', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Sensitivity 90% Specificity 95%Sensitivity:Introduced as a statistical index of diagnostic accuracy.Defined as the ability of a test to identify correctly all those who have the disease, that is \'true positive:"Specificity:Measures the propoion of negatives that are correctly identified as such, e.g., the percentage of healthy people who are correctly identified as not having the condition, that is true negative. Sensitivity = Propoion of persons with the condition who test positive: a /(a + c)`t = 27/30 = 90% .Specificity = Propoion of persons without the condition who test negative: d /(b + d)deg = 95/100 = 95%.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 92b73e84-c02c-43db-8ddc-a5b7954ae6ab | [{'content': 'A 40 years old patient came with complaints of spikes of fever and difficulty in breathing. Transesophageal ECHO found out the vegetations in the hea. The culture was positive for Burkholderia cepacia. Drug of choice for Burkholderia cepacia pneumonia is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Aminoglycoside and colistin, B. Carbapenems with 3rd generation cephalosporins, C. Tigecycline and cefipime, D. Cotrimoxazole with 3rd generation cephalosporins', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: D \nExplanation: Answer- D. Cotrimoxazole with 3rd generation cephalosporinsDrug of choice for B. cepacia is TMP-SMX and alternative agents are ceftazidime, chloramphenicolB. cepacia is the cause of a rapidly fatal syndrome of respiratory distress & septicemia ('cepacia syndrome')in cystic fibrosis Patients.Predisposing factors: cystic fibrosis & chronic granulomatous diseaseaB. cepacia inhabits moist environments and is found in rhizosphere.possesses multiple virulence factors & colonizing factors capable of binding to lung mucus (predilection of B.cepacia for the lungs in cystic fibrosis).Treatment:DOC for B. cepacia: TMP-SMXAlternative agents: Meropenem & doxycycline", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 7b80db5b-82a5-4816-b7d9-80939b292ccd | [{'content': 'Which of the following bone defects offers the best chance for bone fill? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 3 Walled defect, B. 2 Walled defect, C. Osseous crater, D. Hemisepta', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 36e20a28-fe52-4272-8027-043e6f66ab54 | [{'content': 'Hand to knee gait in polio is due to involvement of which muscle? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Gastrocnemius, B. Gluteus medius, C. Quadriceps, D. Hamstring', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer-C. QuadricepsDeformity at hip: Flexion, abduction & external rotationDeformity at knee: Triple deformity of flexion' posterior subluxation & external rotationFoot: Equinovarus is most deformity followed by equinovalgus, Calcaneovalgus, calcaneovarusUpper limb: Shoulder and elbow muscles", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Anatomy | d0aaea50-8928-4b40-ad20-7161f679bbc0 | [{'content': 'Which of the following marked muscles is Involved in Opening of jaw? \nSelect and explain. \nA. A, B. B, C. C, D. D', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Depression of Mandible done by Lateral Pterygoid Mylohyoid Anterior belly of digastric muscle *In the image Marker A - Lateral Pterygoid Marker B - Lateral to mandible bone - Masseter Marker C - TowardsTemporal region - Temporalis (retraction of Mandible) Marker D - Subcutaneous Muscle - Buccinator (Cheek muscle - Accessory Muscle for mastication) *Angle of mandible has Masseter laterally Medial pterygoid medially *ELEVATORS- Mnemonic - MTMe M - Masseter T - Temporalis M - Medial Pterygoid', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | a0de04fa-2223-40ca-9173-558fe5011dac | [{'content': 'Urine analysis of a patient with hematuria and hypercalciuria is most likely to reveal; \nSelect and explain. \nA. Isomorphic RBCs, B. RBC casts, C. Nephrotic range proteinuria, D. Eosinophiluria', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans. a. Isomorphic RBCsUrine analysis of a patient with hematuria and hypercalciuria is most likely to reveal isomorphic RBCs."Hypercalciuria is a cause of non-glomerular hematuria. RBCs from a non-glomerular source more closely resemble peripheral blood on microscopy, with isomorphic RBCs and absence of casts."', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | b9ad0558-8257-4446-bcae-f264097ab0a5 | [{'content': 'A patient presents to the ER after a A with multiple rib injuries. He is conscious, speaking single words.RR= 40/ minute, BP= 90/40mm Hg. What is the next immediate step in management? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Intubate the patient, B. Urgent fluid infusion, C. Chest X- ray, D. Needle inseion in 2nd ICS', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Answer- D. Needle inseion in 2nd ICSThis is a case of pneumothorax. Although the new ATLS update is 5th intercostal space in mid axillary line but in this question we will go with a time tested method of needle in the 2nd ICS.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | cc50db92-b976-499e-b7ef-2d8c27458043 | [{'content': 'A neonate presented with cicatrizing skin lesions all over the body with hypoplasia of all limbs. An MRI of the brain revealed diffuse cerebral atrophy. An ophthalmologic evaluation reveals chorioretinitis. Which of these tests is most likely to show a positive result in this patient? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Anti-HCMV antibodies, B. Anti-toxoplasma antibodies, C. Anti-VZV antibody, D. Anti-rubella antibody', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. Anti-VZV antibody(Ref Ghai 8/e p2215).Suggestive of congenital varicella infections detected using Anti-VZV antibodies.Congenital varicella syndrome:Characterized by cicatricial skin scarring in a zoster-like distribution, limb hypoplasia, and neurologic (e.g., microcephaly, coical atrophy, seizures, and mental retardation), eye (e.g., chorioretinitis, microphthalmia, and cataracts), renal (e.g., hydroureter and hydrottephrosis) and autonomic nervous system abnormalities (neurogenic bladder, swallowing dysfunction, and aspiration pneumonia).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | 1be4b3bf-99e5-416a-bdc9-09855985c774 | [{'content': 'Which part of body is underdeveloped at birth: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Eyes, B. Ears., C. Face., D. Brain', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 63b5933b-8cd7-4320-b430-0cbf82644ec8 | [{'content': 'To preserve blood for transfusion later: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Dilute with equal volume of 0.9% saline, B. Add solution of sodium citrate, C. Add solution of calcium chloride, D. Add fibrinogen', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 7e01c8f0-9b7e-4884-ad40-0c2487a4f5cb | [{'content': 'False about Bone marrow biopsy \nSelect and explain. \nA. Can be done in prone or lateral position, B. To find out infiltrative and granulomatous disorders, C. Breath holding not necessary, D. Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Ans: D. Contraindicated when platelet count is below 40,000CT-guided bone marrow biopsy is safe in thrombocytopenic patients, with a hemorrhagic complication rate below 1.6% for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL. Routine preprocedure platelet transfusion may not be necessary for patients with a platelet count of 20,000-50,000/mL.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 16413ad3-db66-4d30-905b-489baf124bad | [{'content': 'Hypeensive hemorrhage is most commonly seen in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Basal ganglia, B. Thalamus, C. Brain stem, D. Cerebrum', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans. A. Basal gangliaHypeensive hemorrhage:Causes: Results from spontaneous rupture of small penetrating aery deep in the brain.Most common site:Basal ganglia (especially putamen), thalamus, cerebellum & pons.Small aeries here are most prone to hypeension-induced vascular injury.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 41bd5f29-e1b9-4a88-8933-0561cd5324be | [{'content': 'When Isoflurane is used as a general anesthetic agent, what is the maximum dose of adrenaline that can be given: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 3.4 mug/kg, B. 6.7 mug/kg, C. 2.1 mug/kg, D. 10.9 mug/kg', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | f1457bfc-13d3-40bb-9ad9-c6ec7f6c00dd | [{'content': 'Preganglionic parasympathetic fibres to the Otic ganglion are carried in the: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Greater petrosal nerve, B. Lesser petrosal nerve, C. Chorda tympani, D. Auriculotemporal nerve', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 96b90e71-5964-4438-8852-9bf9af38ad44 | [{'content': 'A 10 year old patient reported to department with BCLP (bilateral cleft lip & palate); the maxillary transverse width was normal, lateral incisor was congenitally missing with impacted canine. What will be the treatment approach? \nSelect and explain. \nA. SABG only, B. SABG followed by expansion, C. Expansion followed by SABG, D. Only expansion', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Timing of SABG surgery:\nSecondary alveolar bone grafting (SABG) is done at an age when the growth inhibition effects of the surgery on maxilla are minimised, and it can help the maxillary canine or lateral incisor to erupt normally through the cancellous bone. After the age of 9 years, maxillary growth is minimal. Secondary bone grafting is done during the mixed dentition stage after the eruption of permanent incisors, but before the eruption of permanent canines. The timing of bone graft is based on the root formation and eruption pattern of the maxillary lateral incisor and maxillary canine. In case, insufficient bone is available in the cleft area for the lateral incisors to erupt, bone graft can be done around 7 years of age.\nNote:\xa0In this patient, since the transverse width is normal, there is no need for expansion.\nOrthodontics: Diagnosis and Management of Malocclusion and Dentofacial Deformities 3rd ed Om P. Kharbanda pdf no 3709', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | 7e3e6708-32eb-4de6-97ff-78a54b20677d | [{'content': 'The secretion of salivary gland may be described as? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Exocrine and merocrine, B. Exocrine and holocrine, C. Endocrine and holocrine, D. Endocrine and merocrine', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | e29e5110-d051-49bc-a105-14ddc2fa2ae8 | [{'content': 'CG islands in our DNA are impoant for: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Methylation, B. Acetylation, C. t-RNA synthesis, D. DNA replication', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Methylation(Ref Harper 30/e p438, 439; Harrison 19/e p102e-7)CG islands:Also referred as "CpG islands".Plays vital role in gene expression regulation.Cytosine (C) residues in CG rich islands undergo methylation by DNA methyl transferase.The DNA methyltransferase can methylate only the CG sequence paired with methylated CG. The CG sequence not paired with methylated CG will not be methylated.Methylation of deoxycytidine residues (in sequence 5\'-in CpG-3\') in DNA may effect gross changes in chromatin so as to preclude its active transcription.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 38ff5229-6527-4b54-8fb5-58356c6511bc | [{'content': 'Adrenocorticosteroids in excess may cause: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Osteoporosis, B. Osteosclerosis, C. Osteochondritis, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 6459d630-c20c-4ee5-b8d9-3598a464f64a | [{'content': 'Chances of recurrence of multicystic ameloblastoma after surgical enucleation is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. <50%, B. <10%, C. 50-100%, D. 18-25%', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 851494bd-18cb-4c2b-9699-2ec7519f6cc7 | [{'content': 'True about conversion of monomer to polymer is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Density changes from 1.19g/cm3 to 0.9 and volume shrinkage is 21%, B. Density changes from 1.19g/cm3 to 0.9 and volume shrinkage is 7%, C. Density changes from 0.9g/cm3 to 1.19 and volume shrinkage is 21%, D. Density changes from 0.9g/cm3 to 1.19 and volume shrinkage is 7%', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | 78608283-5144-4645-925e-8247713a4cad | [{'content': 'Before ovulation development of granules in a cell is dependent on: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Estrogen, B. Progesterone, C. FSH, D. LH', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans. a. EstrogenEstrogens are a steroid hormone which exists in three forms each of unique significance during a woman's life.Estradiol is the most common moiety during the non-pregnant reproductive years. It is conveed from androgens (produced from cholesterol in the follicular theca cells), which diffuse into the follicular granulosa cells containing the aromatase enzyme that completes the transformation into estradiol.", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | ef5de730-b6d4-4cb2-8f3e-ca1ac76f021c | [{'content': 'In long surgical procedure intubation method is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Nasotracheal tube with cuff, B. LIMA, C. Nasotracheal tube without cuff, D. Endotracheal tube', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | e6f8340c-044a-4f5a-b6a1-690661d47a22 | [{'content': 'Working cusps are also known as: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Guiding cusps., B. Supporting cusps., C. Holding cusps., D. Balancing cusps.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 5a2c783a-6e8a-4e89-9bc9-4a84451145d9 | [{'content': 'All of the following are criteria for admission in upper GI bleed except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Shock index >1.5, B. Hematocrit > 40%, C. Frank blood in nasogastric aspirate, D. BP <100 mm Hg', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Answer- B. Hematocrit > 40%Hematocrit > 40% is not a criteria for admission in upper GI bleed.Shock index >1.5, Frank blood in nasogastric aspirate and BP <100 mm Hg are the indications of hospital admission and resuscitation in upper GI bleed.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 6ef90d24-7f7f-43de-8ae7-0ee093316013 | [{'content': 'Caries in a 4 year old child is best assessed by: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Previous caries experience, B. Maternal caries, C. School fluoridation, D. Daily fluoride mouthwash', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 1579b75c-7804-45da-b317-eb16bac036be | [{'content': 'Strength of collagen is due to: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Hydroxy glycine, B. Glycine, C. Praline, D. Hydroxyproline', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | 68d6b9df-1044-405b-9fe4-4f0b37dfd0f0 | [{'content': 'At physiological pH, which of these amino acids has a positive charge? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Valine, B. Aspaic acid, C. Arginine, D. Isoleucine', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. ArginineAt physiological pH, arginine has a positive charge.Negative Charged (Acidic Side Chains) - Aspaic acid & glutamic acid.Positive Charged (Basic Side Chains) - Histidine, arginine & lysine.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
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