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This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 9c831bcb-dde8-45d5-853c-135a983c38c8 | [{'content': 'A Study conducted in a population. Diastolic Blood Pressure mean 110 mm Hg with SD of 11 mm Hg, Vitamin D mean 18 ng/ml with SD of 3 ng/ml. what is the relation between the two variance \nSelect and explain. \nA. Variance of Vitamin D > DBP, B. Variance of DBP > 4 times Vitamin D, C. Data insufficient to comment upon, D. None', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans.b). Variance of DBP > 4 times Vitamin DCoefficient of Variance (CV) is a tool to compare variability of two different characteristics (eg. BP, serum creatinine, height weight etc.) in the same group of subjects or compare variability of the same character in two or more different groups.Thus it is a measure used to compare relative variability.For example, coefficient of variance measureswhether weight varies more than height in a group of studentwhether weight varies more in girls of boys. Calculation:CV= standard detion x 100/ meanFor Blood pressure- 110x100/11=1000For Vitamin D- 3X100/18= 16.7', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 3a0e01d0-4230-4633-a7a9-624a0c32a486 | [{'content': 'Main mechanism of action of heparin Is to prevent: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, B. Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin, C. PTC to PTA, D. Factor VIIa inhibition', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 4f844d64-4b97-4a11-997c-ec1bfb5d75e4 | [{'content': "For class II die 1 malocclusion of 14 years old boy, which analysis is indicated to detect the tooth extraction \nSelect and explain. \nA. Bolton's analysis, B. Pont's analysis, C. Peck & peck analysis, D. Ashley & Howe's analysis", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | ef51fbf9-549d-456a-9286-181a7f6143cd | [{'content': 'Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide is decreased in all except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Polycythemia, B. Interstitial lung disease, C. Emphysema, D. Pulmonary vascular disease', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Polycythemia(Ref Ganong 25/e p635. 24/e p635)Diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide is increased in polycythemia.Diffusing capacity of lung:Directly propoional to surface area of alveolo-capillary membrane.Inversely propoional to alveolo-capillary membrane thickness.Diffusing capacity for- CO (DICO):Measured as an index of diffusing capacity.Due to diffusion-limited uptake. Factors Affecting DLCOIncreased DLCODecreased DLCOExerciseSupine positionMuller maneuver (inspiration against closed mouth & nose after forced expiration)Pulmonary hemorrhagePolycythemiaLeft-to-right shunt (e.g. atrial septal defectdeg)ObesityAsthmaChronic bronchitis without major'PregnancyPost-exerciseStandingValsalva maneuveLung resectionPulmonary emphysemaPulmonary emphysema hypeension & chronic venous thromboembolism)Interstitial lung diseasesAnemiaDrugs: Amiodarone, bleomycin, Pulmonary lymphangitic carcinomatosis", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | c254e7c1-e9d0-4cfc-8a9f-2a69b48961d4 | [{'content': 'An avulsed tooth which is replanted shows loss of lamina dura radiographically, high sound on percussion. The type of resorption is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Internal resorpton, B. External resorption, C. Replacement resorption, D. Cervical resorption', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 16f40e32-4fb0-4df5-a068-5f9c28d13e0e | [{'content': 'Extra-radicular source of persistent endodontic infection is? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Propionobacterium, B. E.fecalis, C. V.parvula), D. T.denticola', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | 33b23fe7-afeb-4475-af4c-a9e250c82578 | [{'content': 'Which of the following is not a content of mesorectal fascia? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Inferior rectal vein, B. Superior rectal vein, C. Pararectal lymph node, D. Inferior mesenteric plexus', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Inferior rectal veinMesorectum is enclosed by mesorectal fascia, which is derived from the visceral peritoneum.Known as visceral fascia of mesorectum, fascia propria of rectum or presacral wing of hypogastric sheath.Upper rectum is derived from the embryological hind gut, it is surrounded by mesorectumdeg. Contents of Mesorectal fasciaSuperior rectal aery and its branchesSuperior rectal vein and tributariesLymphatic vessels and nodes along superior rectal aeries.Branches from inferior mesenteric plexus to innervate rectum.Loose adipose connective tissue down to the level of levator ani (pelvic floor).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 1e56931d-0093-4a8b-8538-72003358c34d | [{'content': 'A motorcyclist after road traffic accident is having raised aerial pCO2 on ABG. Probable cause can be: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Damage to respiratory apparatus, B. Damage to respiratory centre, C. Damage to both respiratory apparatus and respiratory centre, D. Massive lung contusion alone', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. Damage to both respiratory apparatus and respiratory centre'Depression of the respiratory center by a variety of drugs, injury, or disease can produce respiratory acidosis.This may occur acutely with general anesthetics, sedatives, and head trauma or chronically with sedatives, alcohol, intracranial tumors, and the syndromes of sleep-disordered breathing including the primary alveolar and obesity-hypoventilation syndromes.'- Harrison I8/e p371", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | b2bfd2c2-fcfe-4c09-8a5a-019845cf9ffe | [{'content': 'Pulp mummification is indicated in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Non-vital tooth, B. Deep caries on a symptomatic vital tooth, C. Traumatic exposure of a vital tooth, D. Traumatic exposure of a vital tooth with open wide apex', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 89e75fc5-d650-40aa-81db-cee3759ce219 | [{'content': '"Hair-on-end" appearance in a skull roentgenogram is\nseen in : \nSelect and explain. \nA. Fibrous dysplasia, B. Thalassemia, C. Garre\'s Osteomyelitis, D. Pagets disease', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | acc7b73e-20f6-40c7-b831-d8b45a8f38fb | [{'content': 'Poor prognostic indicator of ALL is – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Female sex, B. Leukocyte count < 50,000, C. Age greater than 1 year, D. Hypodiploidy', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Prognostic factors in ALL', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | 418cb8ad-b7e3-4fdc-ab6d-7c7549d33d17 | [{'content': 'L-asparaginase is used in the treatment of: \nSelect and explain. \nA. AML, B. ALL, C. CML, D. CLL', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. ALL(Ref: Goodman Cilrmm 12/c p1720; Katzung 13Ie p938-939, 12/e p968; KDT 7Ie p868).* Asparaginase (L-asparagine amidohydrolase) is an enzyme used to treat childhood ALL* Drug is isolated and purified from Escherichia coli or Erwinia chrysanthemi for clinical use. - It hydrolyzes circulating L-asparagine to aspaic acid and ammonia. - Because tumor cells in ALL lack asparagine synthetase, they require an exogenous source of L!asparagine. - Thus, depletion of L-asparagine results in effective inhibition of protein synthesis.* In contrast, normal cells can synthesize L-asparagine and thus are less susceptible to the cytotoxic action of asparaginase.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 66a1d601-967b-47ee-af15-a78c983eb8c4 | [{'content': 'According to Glickman, maximum accumulation of plaque takes place in approximately \nSelect and explain. \nA. 7 days, B. 15 days, C. 30 days, D. 60 days', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Medicine | b6960906-d735-47a0-b71b-aa8af6cd26b3 | [{'content': 'Which of the following is a false statement? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Acetaminophen does not have anti-inflammatory action, B. NSAIDs with least cardiovascular risk in Naproxen, C. Gastric irritation is more severe with NSAIDs compared to aspirin, D. Non selective COX-2 inhibitors are contraindicated in postoperative patients', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Gastric irritation is most severe with aspirin. It can cause gastric mucosal erosion and ulceration leading to bleeding and perforation.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | bbb707fd-232e-4ce3-bd6a-bb261bd05701 | [{'content': 'Most common cause of death in case of acute poliomyelitis is – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Intercostal muscles paralysis, B. Convulsion, C. Cardiac arrest, D. Respiratory failure', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Death is usually due to complications arising from respiratory dysfunction.\n\n\nParalytic polio\n\n\nIn less than 1% of infections.\nParalysis is characterized as :\n\n\nDescending\xa0\nAsymmetrical\xa0\nProximal muscles > distal muscles\nNon progressive\nNo sensory involvement\xa0\nNo autonomic disturbance\nLower motor neuron type\n\n\nMost common muscle affected -4 Quadriceps\nMost common muscle undergoes complete paralysis -4 Tibialis anterior\nMost common muscle affected in hand —> Opponens pollicis.\nM.C. cause of death ---> Respiratory paralysis \nFollowing signs can be elicited :\n\n\nTripod sign\xa0\xa0\xa0—>\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 Child is asked to sit up unassisted. He assumes tripod posture.\nKiss the knee Test\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 —>\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 The child cannot kiss his knees due to spine stiffness.\nHead drop sign\xa0 \xa0 —>\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 Hand is placed under the patients shoulder and the trunk is raised. The head lags behind simply.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 446815cb-5909-4927-be79-d9ff03a2cf16 | [{'content': 'Which of the following statements is true for rapid prototyping? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Photopolymer resin cures with laser, B. Powder by fused deposition modeling, C. Selective laser sintering, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Rapid prototyping is the fast fabrication of a physical part, model or assembly using 3D computer aided design (CAD). The creation of the part, model or assembly is usually completed using additive manufacturing, or more commonly known as 3D printing.\nA photopolymer or autopolymerising resin is deposited layer by layer and sets according to its chemical nature. Laser can also be used in the polymerization process.\nIt is applicable in dentistry for printing prostheses, stents and models.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | c638cfdd-4eb0-49ad-8580-fe9ba51118ef | [{'content': 'In choriocarcinoma, lung metastasis occurs in which stage? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Stage 1, B. Stage 2, C. Stage 3, D. Stage 4', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. Stage 3FIGO Classification* Stage I Disease confined to uterus.* Stage II Extends outside of the uterus but is limited to the genital structure ( adnexa, vagina, broad ligament.)* Stage III Extends of the lungs , with or without known genital tract involvement.* Stage IV meatastases to other organs ( Brain, liver, Kidney, Ovaries, Bowel).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | c9350d3b-a6cd-43e3-904d-dc494444d3ee | [{'content': 'Role of plasticizer in synthetic resins in dentistry is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increase smoothness, B. To increase bulk, C. To prevent polymerisation shrinkage, D. To reduce softening and fusion temperature', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 6a17d87b-1b39-4dd8-b4d4-e868529e8c61 | [{'content': 'In which of the following disorders a circulating antibody directed to intercellular cementing substance of stratified squamous epithelium is observed: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Lichen planus, B. Verrucous vulgaris, C. Bullous pemphigoid, D. Pemphigus vulgaris', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | 8ecd6b53-cf1a-4e9c-8f2c-48e457979779 | [{'content': "A 10 year old boy is having polyuria, polydipsia,laboratory data showed (in mEq/lit) – Na– 154 K– 4.5 HCO3– \n 22 Serum osmolality – 295 Blood urea – 50 Urine specific gravity – 1.005 The likely diagnosis is – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Diabetes insipidus, B. Renal tubular acidosis, C. Barter's syndrome, D. Recurrent UTI", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Lets see each option one by one :\nartter's syndrome :\n\nis characterized by hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and normal to low blood pressure.\nIt can be easily ruled out as the patient is having normal potassium level.\xa0\n\nRenal tubular acidosis :\n\nis characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis with a normal serum anion gap.\nIt is ruled out as this patient is having normal bicarbonate level (Bicarbonate level is decreased in RTA). Recurrent UTI\nSymptoms seen are : Fever, dysuria, frequency, urgency, suprapubic pain.\nIt is ruled out as the above given symptoms are not mentioned in this patient.\nHypernatremia (Na is 154) is not seen in UTI.\n\niabetes insipidus :\n\nClinical presentation of hypernatremia, polyuria, polydypsia, thin urine of low specific gravity (1.005) is suggestive of diabetes insipidus.", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | ccec60b1-80b6-4130-b1ab-8631cac2fa14 | [{'content': 'FNAC can not diagnose \nSelect and explain. \nA. Papillary carcinoma of thyroid, B. Follicular carcinoma of thyroid, C. Anaplastic carcinoma of thyroid, D. Medullary carcinoma of thyroid', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: FNAC helps in diagnosis of-\n\nPapillary carcinoma\nMedullary carcinoma\nAnaplastic carcinoma\nColloid nodules\nThyroiditis\n\nFNAC cannot diagnose follicular carcinoma and Hurthle carcinoma', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 30e86282-8fff-4783-8905-9ea2f58a97e5 | [{'content': 'Lacunar cells are seen in which type of Hodgkin’s lymphoma \nSelect and explain. \nA. Lymphocyte predominance, B. Lymphocyte depletion, C. Nodular sclerosing, D. Mixed cellularity', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | d77c2d88-dbf2-4ea8-b291-013567c11326 | [{'content': 'Maximum fluoride content is found in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Sea fish, B. Tea leaves, C. Human milk, D. Coconut water', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Dental | 85d9893b-ffe0-4b0d-9aac-a2e34d1fa0c3 | [{'content': 'A patient with acute history of blistering and denudation involving >30% BSA along with erosions of the lips with hemorrhagic crusting and other mucosa for few days. What is the most common triggering factor? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Bacterial infection, B. Viral infection, C. Drug induced, D. Idiopathic', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Lesions >30% BSA , erosion over lips and mucosa : Dx TEN TEN SJS: Haemorrhagic Crusting Sloughing of mucosa Targetoid lesion (2 rings) Nikolsky sign (Pseudo) due to epidermal necrosis. Epidermal necrosis (SJS/TEN) Etiology: Drugs: -Antiepileptic( MC) - CBZ, Lamotrigine * NSAIDS * Penicillin * Nevirapine CBZ induced SJS/TEN is a/w HLA B1502', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | d60d9642-e4b5-4c01-b004-4422e0fb084e | [{'content': 'Organic component of bone comprises of: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 35% collagen, B. 35% noncollagenous protein, C. 65% noncollagenous protein, D. 90% collagen protein', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 80eccba1-1f33-4548-90bc-885cf7d98961 | [{'content': 'What is the difference between RIFLE & KDIGO criteria in differentiating a tubular injury? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Uosm, B. Urinary Na, C. Urinary NGAL, D. FeNa (UN, x Scr / SNa x Ucr)', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans. C. Urinary NGALRIFLE originally used urinary sodium, urine osmolarity, FeNa to define tubular dysfunction/injury.Currently urinary NGAL/Kim-1/Cystatin C/L-FABP all are being evaluated as more sensitive and specific markers of tubular injury (KDIGO 2017/18).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | b6fbe1fc-11a5-4251-9326-d4c880d2799d | [{'content': 'Lipids are ………………group of compounds: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Heterogenous, B. Homogenous, C. None of the above, D. Any of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Lipids are heterogenous group of compounds.\nThey are soluble in non-polar solvents( Ether, Benzene, Chloroform,Formalin, Acetone), but insoluble in polar solvent( water, plasma, alcohol.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 4f393b71-3955-4db3-a376-99af5015b825 | [{'content': 'A couple comes for evaluation of infeility. The HSG was normal but semen analysis revealed azoospermia. What is the diagnostic test to differentiate between testicular failure and vas deferens obstruction? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Serum FSH, B. Karyotyping, C. Testosterone levels, D. Testicular FNAC', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Serum FSH(Ref. Ganong 25Ie p419, 425, 24Ie p427)Prior to initiating treatment for a couple, in whom the man has azoospermia, it is impoant to distinguish whether the lack of sperm in the ejaculate is from an obstructive or non-obstructive process.The presence of normal volume testes with bilaterally indurated epididymis and/or absent vas deferens will point to an obstructive etiology for azoospermia.A history of cryptorchidism in the presence of small or soft testes suggests non-obstructive azoospermia, especially if associated with an elevated serum (FSH) level.A decreased spermatogenesis leads to decrease in production of inhibin, which causes an elevation in FSH.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Microbiology | e8de9b5f-8d91-4770-b700-0a4ac5dd29e2 | [{'content': 'Which of the following toxin is causing this: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Botulism, B. Tetanus, C. Diphtheria, D. Cholera', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Botulinum toxin contains 2 chains- heavy and light. The heavy Chain binds presynaptically to nerve terminals and is responsible for mediating translocation of light chain into the cell. The light chain is active pa which cleaves host protein snap 25 The cleaved snap 25 prevent the release of neurotransmitter Acetylcholine and is responsible flaccid paralysis. The tetanus toxin causes cleavage of synaptobrevin and prevents the release of neurotransmitters GABA and Glycine which causes spastic paralysis. Diphtheria toxin causes ADP ribosylation of elongation factor 2 which inhibits protein synthesis. Cholera toxin causes ADP ribosylation of G stimulatory protein which causes increase in cyclin AMP and causes watery diarrhoea So according to the question the answer is botulinum toxin.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Radiology | 50ca6bfb-4e53-40a0-a3a6-14cb2e92d6ab | [{'content': 'Radio density can be increased by \nSelect and explain. \nA. Decreasing MA, B. Decreasing kVp, C. Decreasing target film distance, D. Increasing target film distance', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | b8e2e066-a036-4d14-8364-4e91a93812d5 | [{'content': 'In uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, elevated triglyceride and VLDL levels are seen due to: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increased activity of lipoprotein lipase and decreased activity of hormone sensitive lipase, B. Increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase and decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase, C. Increase in peripheral LDL receptors, D. Increased activity of hepatic lipase', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Answer- B. Increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase and decreased activity of lipoprotein lipaseIn uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, elevated triglyceride and VLDL levels sre seen due to increased activity of hormone sensitive lipase (which insulin inhibits) and decreased activity of lipoprotein lipase (which insulin stimalates).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 5344ef0f-612a-4a2e-a0d9-5314cf3418f3 | [{'content': "A 9-year-old child comes with Ellis class-III fracture in 11 after 24 hours, what will be the first step of management? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Take radiograph and Cvek's pulpotomy, B. Take radiograph and pulpectomy, C. Indirect pulp capping, D. Observation and restore with composite resin", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Indication and contraindication for\xa0pulpotomy\nIndications:\n\nVital tooth with healthy periodontium.\nPain, if present, is neither spontaneous nor persistent.\nTooth which is restorable.\nThe tooth that possesses at least 2/3rd of its root\xa0length.\nHemorrhage from the amputation site is pale red\xa0and easy control.\nIn mixed dentition stage, primary tooth is preferable to a space maintainer.\n\nContraindications\n\nEvidence of internal resorption.\nPresence of interradicular bone loss.\nExistence of abscesses or fistula in relation to the\xa0teeth.\nRadiographic signs of calcific globules seen in\xa0the pulp chamber.\nCaries penetrating the floor of the pulp chamber.\nTooth close to natural exfoliation.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 44ff9d66-1271-48ec-80e0-51f38a47c976 | [{'content': 'In a 40 years old patient with head injury, which of the following is the best strategy to decrease the intracerebral pressure? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Limiting pCO, of the patient, B. Administer sedatives, C. Oxygen supplementation by mechanical ventilation, D. Administer nimodipine', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans:. a. Limiting pCO, of the patient(Ref Harrison 19/e p1780, 18/e p2257)Hyperventilation and decreasing pCO2 is the initial and one of the most impoant treatment strategies to lower the ICP in a patient of head injury.For ICP >20-25 mmHg for >5 minPressor therapy - Phenylephrine, dopamine, or norepinephrine to maintain adequate MAP to ensure CPP 60 mmHg (maintain euvolemia to minimize deleterious systemic effects of pressors)Consider second-tier therapies for refractory elevated 1CP:High-dose barbiturate therapy ("pentobarb coma")Aggressive hyperventilation to PaCO2 <30 mmHgHypothermiaHemicraniectomy', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 22dacf21-f365-4936-a3ce-dbd100e4afa3 | [{'content': 'All the following are seen in myasthenia gravis except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Ptosis, B. Muscle fatigability, C. Absent DTRs, D. Normal pupillary reflex', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. Absent DTRsDeep tendon reflexes (DTRs) are present in patients of Myasthenia gravis."The limb weakness in myasthenia gravis (MG) is often proximal and may be asymmetric. Despite the muscle weakness, deep tendon reflexes are preserved.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 6f46c045-c710-4abd-ab73-62bc510167b5 | [{'content': "A patient notices a well demarcated area of depapillation on his tongue which has been there for as long as he can remember. The most probable diagnosis: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Median rhomboid glossitis, B. Geographic tongue, C. Black hairy tongue, D. Moeller's glossitis", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 7897fbf7-7472-4408-949d-2e9fd16f85df | [{'content': 'Root end resection is done? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 1mm, B. 4mm, C. 6mm, D. 3mm', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Biochemistry | 5b2aada9-1d44-4499-b96f-89b063d9927c | [{'content': 'All of the following should be avoided by a patient with lactose intolerance, EXCEPT: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Condensed milk, B. Ice-cream, C. Skimmed milk, D. Yoghu', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Lactose intolerance due to a defect in the enzyme lactose (beta galactosidase) is very common. The treatment advocated is severe restriction of lactose (any kind of milk and milk products). Yoghu - In yogu some of the bacteria produce lactase enzyme that can digest lactose.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 0c144f12-8849-4f9c-a09b-53969a6fc28c | [{'content': "For testing the statistical significance of the difference in heights of school children among three socio economic groups the most appropriate statistical test is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Student's 't' test, B. Chi-squared test, C. Paired 't' test, D. One way analysis of variance (one way ANOVA)", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 30578a76-eb00-4830-b9fe-2dabdd64ed8e | [{'content': 'Inheritance of cleft lip and palate is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Monogenic, B. Polygenic, C. Multifactorial, D. Sex linked', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | ed77cc3a-5c98-4008-a816-32b1bcfca99b | [{'content': 'Name the parts of the implant assembly \nSelect and explain. \nA. 1 - fixture, 2 – abutment, 3 - abutment screw, 4 - crown, B. 1 - crown, 2 – abutment screw, 3 - abutment. 4 - fixture, C. 1 - crown, 2 - healing cap, 3 - abutment. 4 - root form implant, D. 1 - crown, 2 - healing cap, 3 - cover screw, 4 - fixture', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | dc729d5e-47ad-4b7e-8b0c-8d5ea7c8f3f4 | [{'content': 'In a survey of sleep apnea scores among 10 people, the highest sample of 58 was entered by mistake as 85. This will affect the result as: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increased mean, decreased median, B. Increased mean, increased median, C. Increased mean. no change in median, D. No change in mean, increased median.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. Increased mean. no change in median(Ref. Park 24/e p885, 23/e p847, 22/e p786)Value of median is not affected by abnormal very high or very low value.Mean is unduly influenced by abnormal values (either very high or very low) in distribution.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | b91665b5-df59-42e8-a08c-34efbbc655c8 | [{'content': 'Localised suppuration of lung is called: \nSelect and explain. \nA. An abscess, B. Empyema, C. Emphysema, D. Anasarca', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | 3a47fb60-772b-40ad-abf8-81754f074d86 | [{'content': 'Artery of 4th pharyngeal arch: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Right and left CCA., B. Right and left subclavian artery and arch of aorta., C. Right and left pulmonary arteries., D. None of the above.', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | b0d25fa2-56a0-4b68-aaaf-0bc455e055be | [{'content': 'Among a 100 women with average Hb of 10 gm%, the standard deviation was 1, what is the standard error? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 0.01, B. 0.1, C. 1, D. 10', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: In the given question, n = 100 women, mean Hemoglobin (m) = 10 gm%, standard deviation (s) = 1,\nThus standard error (SE) =', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 0ac39111-d0b2-4dda-978c-e7faa6640bd4 | [{'content': 'The age of the child used in the determination of child mortality rate is: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 0-5 years, B. 1-4 years, C. 5-8 years, D. 0-1 years', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | ec39111c-8207-4aed-8e4c-e81e104c3f79 | [{'content': "The formation of the dental lamina is initiated by \nSelect and explain. \nA. Forebrain, B. Rathke's pouch, C. Neural crest cells, D. Odontoblasts", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 6f0866d9-9829-4182-868c-023a402a638a | [{'content': 'The most outer covering of nerve fibres is called as: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Neurolemma, B. Perineurium, C. Axolemma, D. Myelin sheath', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anaesthesia | 930d4945-04ef-4c32-9c9d-279e8226f852 | [{'content': 'A 46 years old male patient was given subarachnoid block with bupivacaine (heavy) by the anesthetist. After 10 minutes he was found to have a BP of 72/44 mm Hg and hea rate of 52/min. On checking the level of block it was found to be T6. What is the likely explanation for the bradvcardia? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Bezold-Jarisch reflex, B. Bainbridge reflex, C. Block of Cardio-accelerator fibers of synthetic origin, D. Reverse Bainbridge reflex', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. Bezold-Jarisch reflex (Ref 8/e p1970, Miller 7/e p409)The Bezold-Jarisch reflex involves a variety of cardiovascular and neurological processes which cause hypopnea (excessively shallow breathing or an abnormally low respiratory rate) & bradycardia (abnormally low resting hea rate).Possible cause of profound bradycardia and circulatory collapse after spinal anesthesia.Cardioprotective reflex.Implicated in physiologic response to a range of cardiovascular conditions such as myocardial ischemia or infarction, thrombolysis, or revascularization and syncope.Natriuretic peptide receptors stimulated by endogenous ANP or BNP may modulate the Bezold-Jarisch reflex.Less pronounced in patients with cardiac hyperophy or atrial fibrillation', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Forensic Medicine | a221ada6-01e5-47bb-9aaf-5277ea353f1c | [{'content': 'This specific sign is seen in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Lead poisoning, B. Organophosphorus poisoning, C. Arsenic poisoning, D. Zinc poisoning', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Rain drop Pigmentation- Brownish pigmentation present on palm and trunk. It occurs in chronic Arsenic Poisoning. Chronic arsenic Poisoning- Skin- Rain drop pigmentation, Hyperkeratosis of palms and soles. Nails- Aldrich mees lines. Sensory neuropathy Black foot disease (Gangrene of peripheries) Tests done for diagnosis of Arsenic Poisoning- Marsh test Reinsch test NAA AAS', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 7ef1e046-a4a8-45dd-9a3b-6ede4a1b85ce | [{'content': 'Patient who is a known case of thalassemia major already on repeated blood transfusions with history of iron overload previously treated with chelating agents. She also has a history of cardiac arrhythmia. She came for BT now. During BT patient complained of backache and looks extremely anxious. What is next management? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Observe for a change in colour of the urine, B. Continue BT, do ECG, C. Stop BT and wait for patient to get normal and sta, D. Stop BT and Do clerical check', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Ans. d. Stop BT and do clerical checkThe patient has ominous signs of a major Acute Hemolytic transfusion reaction ( Backache/anxiety). STOP THE TRANSFUSION WITHOUT ANY DELAY.Also fuher work up is mandatory(especially the basic clerical work like checking the blood product details and cross matching repos) and do not resta transfusion until it is complete', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 709db425-b80c-4a27-9e33-94424af65d0e | [{'content': 'Which of the following has a bifid root? \nSelect and explain. \nA. 32, 42, B. 31, 41, C. 34, 44, D. 13, 23', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Orthopaedics | dac67e00-7708-4533-a6da-38c259fe8403 | [{'content': 'Which Bone does not form the wrist joint \nSelect and explain. \nA. Radius, B. Triquetrum, C. Scaphoid, D. Ulna', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: * Bones forming the wrist joint are: radius, scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum and other carpal bones.* The wrist joint is a synol joint between the distal end of radius and the aicular disc overlying the distal end of ulna and the scaphoid, lunate and triquetrum.* Ulna is not pa of wrist joint, only the overlying aicular disc is pa of the wrist joint.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Ophthalmology | 681b886d-1d27-41d3-8fa5-6d9fb4b0c4c5 | [{'content': "Stenopic slit'is used for all except- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Fincham's test, B. Determine the axis of cylinder, C. Corneal tattooing, D. lridectomy", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. Corneal tattooingRef: A, K. Khurana Comprehensive Ophthalmologt,4,h ed.Stenopic slit is useful in finding out the axis of the cylinder.(option b) stenopic slit is used in cases of corneal opacities to find out the optimal site for optical iridectomy.After dilating the pupil with a mydriatic, the slit is rotated in front of the eye and the axis which gives maximum clarity is chosen for optical iridectomy', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | 6ab3241e-4c52-470e-8977-aeaf0f54e17a | [{'content': 'In a patient with obstructive jaundice, what is the possible explanation for a bilirubin level of 40 mg/dL? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Malignant obstruction, B. Complete obstruction of common bile duct, C. Renal failure, D. Liver failure', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. Renal failure(Ref Zakim and Boyer s Hepatologv (2016)/p109; Bailey 25/e p1128, Textbook of hepatologv 6/e p20t).High bilirubin content:Causes of cholestatic jaundice (malignant obstruction, complete CBD obstruction).Presence of concomitant renal failure a Very high bilirubin beyond 30 mg/dL.Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia:Results from impaired intrahepatic bilirubin excretion or extrahepatic obstruction.Due to continued urinary excretion, maximum serum bilirubin levels plateau at approximately 500 mmol/L (30 Ing/dL) even with complete bile duct obstruction.Extreme hyperbilirubinemia:Levels higher than 500 mmol/L (30 mg/dL).Commonly indicates severe parenchymal liver disease in association with hemolysis (as in sickle cell anemia) or renal failure.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | 14c74c4d-d6c1-4ced-98b5-4fe778d28836 | [{'content': 'Drugs used in urea cycle disorders to reduce ammonia? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Phenyl butarone, B. Phenyl butyrate, C. L - Carnitine, D. Isoleucin', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. Phenyl butyrate Urea cycle disorders are inherited disorders where ammonia is not turned into uric acid properly and so it builds up in the blood. Regular intake of sodium phenylbutyrate helps reduce the levels of ammonia.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 5f0ad8da-864f-49f7-952f-f4755813e4c5 | [{'content': 'Calcium In blood increased by \nSelect and explain. \nA. Calcitonin, B. Parathormone, C. TNF alpha, D. Insulin', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2019, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 5d7ae586-3ecd-41a4-a172-d32ab3dc4f6a | [{'content': 'Mass Drug Administration is not helpful for \nSelect and explain. \nA. Lymphatic Filariasis, B. Vitamin A Deficiency, C. Worm infestation, D. Scabies', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: - Lymphatic Filariasis is treated with Diethyl carbamazine (DEC) (Or) a combination of DEC + Albendazole/ Ivermectin - Vitamin A deficiency - Prophylaxis- 2 lakhs IU to 1-6 years of age - Worm infestation - Ascariasis once every 2-3 months; it does not interrupt transmission but useful in reduction of worm load in community - Scabies - No mass drug administration done along with patient his/her family members should be treated not the whole community.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 5502e908-10f1-4588-afd2-6bfd63d1b1f3 | [{'content': 'If continuous hypersensitivity develops in recently restored tooth: \nSelect and explain. \nA. No treatment necessary, B. Remove the restoration and place ZOE, C. Perform pulpectomy, D. Perform direct pulp capping', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Since the patient gives a history of continuous hypersensitivity, it is indicative of pulpitis and hence, pulpectomy is recommended as the best option.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 4c8ba505-85f6-426b-9f60-bea158011d06 | [{'content': 'Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a complication observed with which of the following vaccines? (Asked twice) \nSelect and explain. \nA. MMR, B. HIV conjugate polysaccharide vaccine, C. Typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine, D. Influenza vaccine', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Answer- A. MMRITP develop in one in every 24,000 doses of the MMR vaccine givenBruise-like spotsIn rare cases, a child may get a small rash of bruise like spots a but two weeks after having the MMR vaccine.This side effect is linked to the rubella vaccine and is known as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP).', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 7912bdab-3d26-40a1-91c3-9d52e760b930 | [{'content': ". The prospectively evaluated, double-blinded, randomized clinical trail represents the 'gold-standard' for providing evidence for therapeutic decision making. This was first proposed by the father of evidence-based medicine: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Tolstoy, B. Sackett, C. Hippocrates, D. da Vinci", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. b. Sackett"David Lawrence Sackett is a Canadian medical doctor and a pioneer in evidence-based medicine. He founded the first depament of clinical epidemiology in Canada at McMaster University, and the Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine. He is well known for his textbooks Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine." Father of modern medicineHippocratesQFather of Indian medicineCharakaQFather of modern surgeryAmbroise PareQFather of Indian surgeryShushrutaQFather of epidemiologyJohn SnowQFather of bacteriologyLouis PasteuQFather of modern anatomyVesaliusaQFather of physiologyClaude BernardQFather of antisepsisJoseph ListerQ', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | b0f0bfb3-53a8-48a4-9f71-7f77aec4cf7a | [{'content': 'Hepatic First pass metabolism will be bypassed by the foltowing routes of drug adminisration excePt? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Oral, B. Intravenous, C. Sublingual, D. Intradermal', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Ans: A. OralRef: Goodman & Gilman, I3'h ed., pg. 16-17 and sharma & sharms's Principles of Pharmacologt, 3'd ed., pg. I8-20Oral route has ceain disadvantages notably the 1st pass metabolism in liver before reaching the systemic circulation.", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Ophthalmology | 475b9dc7-c23d-4e3f-a3c7-5dc5893a34b1 | [{'content': "Cherry red spot after trauma is seen in children due to: \nSelect and explain. \nA. CRAO, B. CRVO, C. Berlin's edema, D. Niemann-Pick's disease", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. Berlin's edema(Ref Kanski 7/e p882: Parson's 22/e p392, 21/e p382, 20/e p367; Yanoff and Duker 4/e p671)Cherry red spot after trauma in children due to Berlin's edema.Commotio retinae (Berlin's Edema):Common occurrence following a eye blow.Manifests as milky white cloudiness involving posterior pole with a 'cherry-red spot' in foveal region.Appear after some days or may be followed by pigmentary changes.Most frequently affect temporal fundus.", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | cea2f2a5-d51d-4525-b426-e955c401b4e0 | [{'content': 'Single accessory canal arises from coronal 1/3rd in what percentage of mandibular molars \nSelect and explain. \nA. 23%, B. 13%, C. 10%, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | 20cbdec0-d488-4dcf-9630-2707c948390a | [{'content': 'What does low volume of distribution of a drug mean? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Low bioavailability, B. Does not accumulates in tissues, C. Low absorption, D. Not metabolized in the body', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans: B. Does not accumulates in tissues(Ref: KDT 7/e p17, 18, 6/e p18)Low volume of distribution:Implies that the drug remains confined to the plasma compament without getting distributed in the body tissues.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | da9ed7ba-2935-4d4c-a9f5-2f4205c1eb00 | [{'content': 'The conversion of glucose-6-P to fructose-6-P is an example of which of the following reactions: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Phosphate transfer, B. Isomerisation, C. Dehydration, D. Aldol cleavage', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Psychiatry | b22457e3-c620-4a3d-bde1-0aa6e6c185a7 | [{'content': 'A person with histrionic, shy, anxious avoidant per!sonality comes under which cluster? \nSelect and explain. \nA. A, B. B, C. C, D. D', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans: C. C(Ref Niraj Ahuja 7/e p113)ClusterDisordersCluster A (Odd and eccentric)Paranoid PDSchizoid PDSchizotypal PDCluster B (Dramatic, emotional and Antisocial PDHistrionic PDNarcissistic PDBorderline PDCluster C (Anxious and fearful)Anxious (avoidant) PDDependent PDAnankastic (Obsessive and compulsive) PD', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | faca646b-50ec-405f-ab5a-db965ea8a6c6 | [{'content': 'Which of the following is third generation cephalosporin? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Cefoperazone, B. Cefuroxime, C. Cefoxitin, D. Cefadroxil', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 90c375a2-63de-4f16-940c-5f8a08df0d8d | [{'content': 'Ideal denture base material should not have \nSelect and explain. \nA. Sufficient strength, B. Dense and non-irritating surface, C. High specific gravity, D. Esthetically acceptable', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Anatomy | a00d1b4b-621b-4804-aecc-0ca0a8f6e941 | [{'content': 'Buccopharyngeal membrane is composed of: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Ectoderm., B. Endoderm., C. Mesoderm, D. Both AB', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | d4a07671-8036-4d23-9aed-b13b7e8b99b5 | [{'content': 'A 11 year old boy with grossly carious right maxillary lateral incisor, LA is given, complains of burning sensation in right eye, swelling in right eyelid, best statement to explain this condition. \nSelect and explain. \nA. Middle meningeal artery has tortuous course, B. LA reaches the eyelid via infraorbital foramen, C. Reaction is due to preservative in the L.A., it will subside in some time, D. Pain will subside in few minutes', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | e3ff3b29-7ef6-41d9-bc6e-e3d6b52d340c | [{'content': 'Sibilant sounds are produced at: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Rest position, B. Occluding position, C. Open from resting position, D. Between rest and occluding position', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | d3bf387c-5f9e-4786-a300-ddf2c843b194 | [{'content': 'Temporo-mandibular ligament is attached to: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Lateral aspect of TMJ, B. Posterior aspect of TMJ, C. Mandibular condyle, D. Coronoid process', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 8d6e792f-bd4c-4f9e-b9a4-63484a7f78a6 | [{'content': 'What should be the best treatment option for the extraction socket shown in Fig \nSelect and explain. \nA. Ovate Pontic, B. Modified ridge lap, C. Sanitary pontic, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: OVATE PONTICS\n\nThe extraction of a tooth entails removal of the contact point and half the interproximal embrasure; as a consequence, the papilla is not compressed but flattens out, and esthetics\xa0 are\xa0 compromised.\xa0\xa0\nThe papilla can be maintained if at the time of extraction an ovate\xa0 pontic\xa0 is created\xa0 that\xa0 will provide the contact point and lateral embrasure support\xa0 that the papilla needs.\xa0\nAn ovat\xa0 pontic is inserted 2.5 mm into the extraction site. The size and shape of the ovate pontic should be the same as the\xa0tooth\xa0that\xa0was\xa0extracted.\xa0\xa0\nA site preservation bone grafting procedure should be performed at the time of the extraction. If the bone levels remain stable, the papilla will also be stable.\xa0\n\nKey Concept\nOvate pontics are used in cases where the residual ridge is defective or incompletely healed.\nRosensteil 5th ED Page no 131,132', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Radiology | 9e52adfd-3abb-43d2-9fd8-718351feed62 | [{'content': 'The maximum penetration among the following is seen with which ray: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Alpha, B. Beta, C. Gamma, D. Electron Beam', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | d052235a-dcdc-46e0-89e5-992eed6dc580 | [{'content': 'The red blood cells in beta thalassemia are typically: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Macrocytic and normochromic, B. Microcytic and hypochromic, C. Normocytic and hypochromic, D. Normocytic and normochromic', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Medicine | 9c7e163e-d22f-43d9-8c77-fb036bc0b064 | [{'content': 'A 60 years old patient who had myocardial infarction 2 weeks back, the lipid profile is done for a patient and reveals HDL 32 mgldL, LDL 126 mg/dl, TG 276 mgl/dL. Which of the following is preferred for this patient ? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Rosuvastatin + Fenofibrate, B. Fenofibrate alone, C. Rosuvastatin 10 mg, D. Atorvastatin 80 mg', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Answer- D. Atorvastatin 80 mgWhen lipid-lowering agents are indicated, the treatment is staed with IIMG Co-A reductase inhibitors (statins). High intensity statin therapy should be staed in the patients with presence of clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular events (MI in this patient). In high intensity statin therapy, either atorvastatin (40-80 mg/day) or rosuvastatin (20-40 mg/day) should be given.High lntensity Statin TherapyLowers LDL cholesterol by approximately 50% .Drugs used:Atorvastatin (40-80 mg)Rosuvastatin (20-40 mg)', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Biochemistry | bdf95c69-99f7-4884-b014-53ec47ef3130 | [{'content': 'RNAi causes the following in a gene: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Knock in, B. Knock out, C. Knock down, D. Knock up', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Ans. C. Knock down (Ref Robbins 9/e p5) RNAi causes Knock down in a gene."Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs): Another species of gene-silencing RNA, called small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), works in a manner quite similar to that of miRNA. siRNAs are becoming powerful tools for studying gene function and may in the future be used therapeutically to silence specific genes, such as oncogenes, whose products are involved in neoplastic. transformation."-Robbins 9/c, p5.Knock outTargeted gene is completely removedfrom the DNA sequence by replacing itwith an aificial piece of DNAdegKnock downGene is not completely removed but itsexpression is suppressed by using RNAinterference technologydegKnock inSegment of a gene is inseed into aDNA sequencedeg', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | 41b7f0c0-744e-41fd-ae2b-13fc6a741347 | [{'content': 'In a patient with heart disease, which of the following should not be used to control PPH: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Methylergometrine, B. Oxytocin, C. Misoprostol, D. Carboprost', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | fe1e7fd7-eab7-4ce9-a865-8c02fb21022b | [{'content': 'Pulpectomy and pulp capping are more successful in\nprimary teeth because of: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Increased odontoblastic activity in the young, B. Increased blood supply through the wide apex, C. Increased volume of pulp in primary teeth, D. Lesser amount of collagen fibres in young', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 6fdb4d97-efe2-4eb7-b3a3-4de36fd1b1d3 | [{'content': 'Which are all the factors determining the GFR? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Afferent aeriolar resistance, B. Efferent aeriolar resistance, C. Aerial pressure, D. All of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Ans. D. All of the aboveDeterminants of GFR:Increase glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure increases GFR. Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is determined by the following variables : i) Aerial pressure, ii)Afferent aeriolar resistance; iii) Efferent aeriolar resistance.Contraction of mesangial cells (therefore decrease in GFR) is produced by : - Endothelin, angiotensin II, vasopressin, norepinephrine, PAF, PDGF, thromboxane A2,PGF2, Leukotrienes C4 & D4, Histamine.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 35634c84-4820-4593-a7ec-a677b47f2719 | [{'content': 'Sclerotic dentin has following features: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Caries susceptible, B. Insensitive, C. Hypersensitive, D. Resistant to caries', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | e8e87fbd-58db-4141-a400-a8043e303add | [{'content': 'Complete obliteration of pulp is seen in all except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Type I dentinogenesis imperfecta, B. Type II dentinogenesis imperfecta, C. Type III dentinogenesis imperfecta, D. Dentin dysplasia', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 73d2ce31-c410-4210-9ae1-0cc9157a2e46 | [{'content': 'A spirometry curve of a patient has been provided below. Calculate the FEV1/FVC ratio from the curve: \nSelect and explain. \nA. 60-69%, B. 70-79%, C. 80-89%, D. 90-99%', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. 80-89%', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 78e21dd0-aff4-4cce-b4b0-a275703f99c5 | [{'content': 'Minimum blood pressure is in: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Aorta, B. Arteries, C. Capillaries, D. Venules', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pathology | 04cefc6e-2c16-4a6a-bf0e-7d6c66e416d6 | [{'content': 'Streptococcus mutans is considered to be a principal etiologic agent of caries because it produces organic acids and it: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Forms a gelatinous matrix, B. bMetabolizes substrate from saliva, C. Derives energy from enamel constituents, D. Lives symbiotically with lactobacillus', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | 593bd593-3060-493d-bb10-ff9e10e36f17 | [{'content': 'In Rh lso Immunisation, exchange transfusion is indicated if – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Cord blood hemoglobin is less than 10 g %, B. Cord bilirubin is more than 5 mg, C. History of previous sibling affected, D. All of these', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: Indications of Exchange transfusion\n\nCord hemoglobin\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 _.10g/dL\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\n\no Bilirubin protein ratio >3.5\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\no Prematurity\n\nCord bilirubin\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0 >5mg/d\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\n\no Reticulocyte count > 15%\n\nPrevious kernicterus or severe erythroblastosis in a sibling', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Unknown | 3cc3ba13-5e28-4194-ab6d-834496d88261 | [{'content': 'The following angle is associated with fracture of \nSelect and explain. \nA. Calcaneum, B. Talus, C. Navicular, D. Cuboid', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: It is flattening of angle subtended by the posterior articular surface and the upper surface of body posterior to the joint (Bohler angle) occurs in fracture of calcaneum. It is 25—40° normally. It is also known as tuber joint angle.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Microbiology | 1f9e0b7b-8eab-4fb0-a1c7-9ff074f3e1d8 | [{'content': 'Which of the following is not a feature of anaphylaxis? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Delayed reaction, B. Immediate reaction, C. Passive transfer by serum, D. None of the above', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | cd810094-0eba-482e-b598-78e7470bd340 | [{'content': 'An 8 year old boy during a routine checkup is found to have E. coli 1,00,000 cc/ml on a urine culture. The urine specimen was obtained by mid–stream clean–catch void. The child is asymptomatic. Which is the most appropriate next step in the management – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Treat as an acute episode of urinary tract infection, B. No therapy, C. Prophylactic antibiotics for 6 months, D. Administer long term urine alkalinizer', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: If the urine culture shows 3100000 colony counts/ml, the definitive diagnosis of U.T.I. is confirmed.\n\n\nIt does not matter whether the patient is symptomatic or asymptomatic. If the diagnosis of U.T.I. is confirmed on urine culture, the patient should be treated accordingly.\n\n\nCriteria for diagnosis of U.T.L on midstream urine sample -\n\nci If 3100,000 colonies/ml --> UT! confirmed (Does riot matter whether it is symptomatic or asymptomatic).\n\nIf 10000 colonies/ml and the patient is asymptomatic --> UTI unlikely\nIf 10000 colonies/m1 with sympt6ms of U.T.I. --> U.T.I is likely', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Radiology | 2f703c9f-2d54-4833-b319-25f8dc8b500c | [{'content': 'Which type of laser is used in waterlase system? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Argon laser, B. Diode Laser, C. Nd:YAG laser, D. YSGG Laser', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: It is an erbium laser (Er,Cr:YSGG) that has the ability to remove both hard and soft tissue safely and effectively. The WaterLase iPlus™ laser from BIOLASE, he says, is exceptionally versatile. “This is an all-tissue laser. Not only can it manipulate soft tissue by removing it for procedures such as biopsies and gingivectomies, it can also safely and effectively ablate tooth and bone structure.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pediatrics | 605726f9-65ea-400a-987f-c07d48525120 | [{'content': 'Which of the following statements regarding Kawasaki disease is true – \nSelect and explain. \nA. Associated with coronary artery aneurysm in up to 25% of untreated cases, B. It is the most common cause of vasculitis in children, C. IV immunoglobulins are recommended only if coronary artery is involved, D. Lymph node biopsy is used for diagnosis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: "Coronary artery aneurysm develop in up to 25% of untreated patients" - Nelson \nKawasaki disease\n\nKawasaki disease, also known as lymph node syndrome, mucocutaneous-lymph node syndrome, and infant polyarteritis, is a poorly understood self-limited vasculitis that affects many organs, including the skin mucous membrane, lymph nodes, heart and blood vessel walls.\nIt is usually seen in children younger than 5 years.\nKawasaki disease predominantly affect medium sized vessels, but may also affect small or large vessels.\n\nPresentation\n\nPresenting features may be divided into : -\n\n1. Mucocutaneous, lymphnode involved\n\nOften begins with high grade fever.\n\n\nErythma of mouth, red cracked lips, a strawberry tongue.\nBilateral conjuctival injection with iritis and keratic precipitate.\nRed palms and soles\nRash, which may take many forms (but not vesicular), on trunk.\nRash with peeling of skin in genital area perineal desquamation.\nCervical lymphadenopathy\nBeau\'s lines (transverse grooves on nails).\n\n\nArthralgia\n\n2. Heart\n\nThe cardiac complications are the most important aspect of the disease.\nThese are due to coronary vasculitis.\n\n\nVasculitis causes coronary ectasia and coronary artery aneurism.\n\n\nAneurism may lead to MI and sudden death.\n\n\nMyocarditis, pericarditis with small pericardial effusion.\n\n\nValvular regurgitation\n\nLaborator findings\nLymph node biopsy does not aid the diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (not used)\n\nThe diagnosis of Kawasaki disease is based on presence of specific clinical signs (Clinical criteria).\nThese is no specific laboratory test', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2018, Subject name: Medicine | 11903811-5b78-46fa-8c61-06c5df9a3ccb | [{'content': 'A patient has had recurrent optic neuritis bilaterally with transverse myelitis. Visual acuity in right eye is 6/60 and left eye is 6/18. Patient showed a 50% response to steroids. Diagnosis is? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Neuromyelitis Optica, B. Subacute combined degeneration of spinal cord(SACD), C. Post cerebral aery stroke, D. Neuro-syphilis', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: A \nExplanation: Combination of transverse myelitis and optic neuritis is diagnosis of Neuromyelitis optica. SACD:- has only spinal cord involvement. Babinski sign (+), Areflexia, Romberg sign Post cerebral aery stroke - Do not cause myelitis & response to steroids. Mid brain stroke: P1 segment involvement Coical blindness d/t inv. of occipital lobe (P2 segment) Neuro-syphilis - Responsive to Antibiotics rather than steroid Argyll Robeson pupil Lhermitte sign Sensory ataxia/tabes dorsalis Neuromyelitis Optica (Devic's Disease) Optic neuritis Transverse myelitis Area postrema syndrome Diencephalic syndrome Acute brainstem syndrome Cerebral syndrome (coical syndrome)", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Gynaecology & Obstetrics | 5dd20354-df6d-4a05-9895-d742e7852803 | [{'content': 'All of the following are reversible long acting contraceptives except:? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Copper T, B. Laparoscopic tubal ligation, C. LNG- IUS, D. Implanon', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: Ans. b. Laparoscopic tubal ligationIntrauterine device (IUD), also known as long-acting reversible contraception (LARC).Laparoscopic tubal ligation is the most common modality of pregnancy prevention. It is irreversible in nature.Spring-loaded clip (Filshie clip, Hulka clip) or Silastic rubber band (Falope ring) are most commonly used.Destruction or removal of a segment of the oviduct is performed in an operating room through a transabdominal approach usually using a laparoscopy or minilaparotomy.An ectopic pregnancy should be ruled out; if the procedure fails.Failure rate is 1 in 200.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Surgery | ab0bf88b-ad5b-482b-b45a-61ac9a5b3d58 | [{'content': 'The maxillary sinus drains into the \nSelect and explain. \nA. Middle meatus, B. Inferior meatus, C. Superior meatus, D. Sphenoethmoidal recess', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Pharmacology | f94eef30-d8f9-4d40-866e-a89c7fbb7c7f | [{'content': 'Drug not requiring dose adjustment in renal disease is \nSelect and explain. \nA. Aminoglycoside, B. Vancomycin, C. Calcium channel blocker, D. Metronidazole', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: C \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 7ab433a3-4d4d-40bc-ba54-3307ae16e9ed | [{'content': 'Occlusal adjustment is affected by all except: \nSelect and explain. \nA. Compensating curve, B. Cusp height, C. Incisal guidance, D. Postural position', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: AIIMS 2017, Subject name: Pediatrics | 16a4ed7f-088f-4bff-b638-418bad1f9eef | [{'content': 'Dried blood spotes test in neonates is used in testing for:- \nSelect and explain. \nA. Inborn error of metabolism, B. Blood group, C. Total cell count, D. Creatinine and bilirubin', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: A \nExplanation: Dried blood spots are used in Tandem Mass Spectrometry as screening test for inborn errors of metabolism. Another screening test used- GCMS gas chromatography mass spectroscopy.', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Social & Preventive Medicine | 9dbe9f17-d9ee-46fe-b3d3-8c6c19758be6 | [{'content': "A research was undeaken by a group of psychiatrists and obstetricians to assess postpaum depression in mothers giving bih to male versus female children according to the Edinburgh depression scale (EPDS). What test should be used to compare the outcomes? \nSelect and explain. \nA. Student's t-test, B. Paired t-test, C. Chi-square test, D. Pearson's correlation coefficient", 'role': 'user'}, {'content': "Answer: C \nExplanation: Answer- C. Chi-square test Chi-square test- Comparison of two independent qualitative variablesA 'non-parametric test' of significanceUsed to 'test significance of association between 2 or more qualitative characteristicsUsed to compare propoions in 2 or more groupsUsed for non-Normal (non-Gaussian) distributions", 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Dental | 43bdf667-7532-42d6-b875-c2c06f6b9d3a | [{'content': 'Splinting of cervical root fracture is done for \nSelect and explain. \nA. 40 days, B. 4 months, C. 4 weeks, D. 14 days', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: B \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
This is a real-world medical entrance exam question, please give the true answer based on the question and selection. Topic name: None, Subject name: Physiology | 863c894a-fa96-4875-bf3d-dd8d2460a21a | [{'content': 'true is all except regarding intrafusal fibres \nSelect and explain. \nA. Nuclear bag fibres are lesser, B. Nuclear chain fibres are shorter and thinner, C. Secondary endings excited by chain fibres only, D. Primary endings excited by bag fibres only', 'role': 'user'}, {'content': 'Answer: D \nExplanation: None', 'role': 'assistant'}] |
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