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Knokke-Heist
|
Knokke-Heist
|
Knokke-Heist () is a municipality in the Belgian province of West Flanders. The municipality comprises the towns of Heist-aan-Zee, Knokke, Duinbergen, Ramskapelle and Westkapelle. On January 1, 2006 Knokke-Heist had a total population of 34,063. The total area is 56.44 km2 which gives a population density of 603 inhabitants per km2. Knokke-Heist is located along the North Sea in a polder area on the Belgian border with the Netherlands. It is Belgium’s best-known and most affluent seaside resort.
|
Knokke-Heist (également orthographié "Knocke-Heist", en néerlandais : Knokke-Heist) est une commune néerlandophone de Belgique située en Région flamande dans la province de Flandre-Occidentale. C'est une station balnéaire huppée d’environ habitants sur la côte (mer du Nord), à la frontière avec les Pays-Bas. Haut lieu du tourisme belge, elle attire tout particulièrement les classes moyennes et aisées.
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Old Kingdom of Egypt
|
Ancien Empire
|
In ancient Egyptian history, the Old Kingdom is the period spanning c. 2686–2181 BC. It is also known as the "Age of the Pyramids" or the "Age of the Pyramid Builders", as it encompasses the reigns of the great pyramid builders of the Fourth Dynasty— among them King Sneferu, who perfected the art of pyramid-building, and the kings Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, who constructed the pyramids at Giza. Egypt attained its first sustained peak of civilization during the Old Kingdom—the first of three so-called "Kingdom" periods (followed by the Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom) which mark the high points of civilization in the lower Nile Valley.
|
L'Ancien Empire égyptien est une période de l'histoire de l’Égypte antique qui couvre une large partie du troisième millénaire (d'environ 2700 à 2200) avant notre ère. Succédant à la période thinite qui a vu l'apparition de l’État en Égypte, elle comprend les,, et s, puis s'achève par une période de fragmentation politique, la Première Période intermédiaire.
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Zeni Geva
|
Zeni Geva
|
Zeni Geva is a Japanese noise rock band featuring singer and guitarist KK. Null and drummer Tatsuya Yoshida. Formed in Tokyo in 1987, the group's name translates roughly as "money violence" ("Zeni" is an old Japanese term for money, and "Geva" comes from the German "Gewalt," meaning "violence").
|
Zeni Geva est un groupe de rock et de heavy metal japonais, originaire de Tôkyô. Il est dirigé par le guitariste et chanteur Kazuyuki K. Null. Le style musical de Zeni Geva est éclectique et inclut des éléments de heavy metal, de hardcore, de musique industrielle, de noise rock et d'avant-garde. "Zeni Geva" est également le titre d'une bande dessinée.
|
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Lagny-sur-Marne
|
Lagny-sur-Marne
|
Lagny-sur-Marne (; ) is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France from the centre of Paris.
|
Lagny-sur-Marne est une commune française située dans le département de Seine-et-Marne en région Île-de-France. Ses habitants sont appelés les "Latignaciens" et "Latignaciennes".
|
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Xiph.Org Foundation
|
Xiph.org
|
Xiph.Org Foundation is a nonprofit organization that produces free multimedia formats and software tools. It focuses on the Ogg family of formats, the most successful of which has been Vorbis, an open and freely licensed audio format and codec designed to compete with the patented WMA, MP3 and AAC. As of 2013, development work was focused on Daala, an open and patent-free video format and codec designed to compete with VP9 and the patented High Efficiency Video Coding.
|
La fondation Xiph.org est une organisation à but non lucratif qui s'oppose au mouvement de privatisation dans le domaine des formats de données multimédia en développant des logiciels libres et des algorithmes de compression multimédia libres de brevet. Elle a été fondée en 1994 par, également inventeur du format conteneur Ogg.
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Bassist
|
Bassiste
|
A bassist, or bass player, is a musician who plays a bass instrument such as a double bass (upright bass, contrabass, wood bass), bass guitar, synthbass, keyboard bass or a low brass instrument such as a tuba or sousaphone. Different musical genres tend to be associated with one or more of these instruments. Since the 1960s, the electric bass has been the standard bass instrument for funk, R&B, soul music, rock and roll, reggae, jazz fusion, heavy metal, country and pop music. The double bass is the standard bass instrument for classical music, bluegrass, rockabilly, and most genres of jazz. Low brass instruments such as the tuba or sousaphone are the standard bass instrument in Dixieland and New Orleans-style jazz bands.
|
En musique populaire, un bassiste est un musicien instrumentiste jouant de la guitare basse. En musique classique, un bassiste est généralement un musicien jouant de la contrebasse.
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Global warming
|
Réchauffement climatique
|
Global warming is the ongoing rise of the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and has been demonstrated by direct temperature measurements and by measurements of various effects of the warming. It is a major aspect of climate change which, in addition to rising global surface temperatures, also includes its effects, such as changes in precipitation. While there have been prehistoric periods of global warming, observed changes since the mid-20th century have been unprecedented in rate and scale.
|
Le réchauffement climatique, ou réchauffement planétaire, est le phénomène d'augmentation des températures moyennes océaniques et atmosphériques, du fait d'émissions de gaz à effet de serre excessives. Ces émissions dépassent en effet la capacité d'absorption des océans et de la biosphère et augmentent l'effet de serre, lequel piège la chaleur à la surface terrestre. Le terme « réchauffement climatique » désigne plus communément le réchauffement mondial observé depuis le début du, tandis que l'expression « changement climatique » désigne plutôt les épisodes de réchauffement ou refroidissement d'origine naturelle qui se sont produits avant l'ère industrielle.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Homeopathy
|
Homéopathie
|
Homeopathy or homoeopathy is a pseudoscientific system of alternative medicine. It was created in 1796 by Samuel Hahnemann. Its practitioners, called homeopaths, believe that a substance that causes symptoms of a disease in healthy people would cure similar symptoms in sick people; this doctrine is called "similia similibus curentur", or "like cures like". Homeopathic preparations are termed "remedies" and are made using homeopathic dilution. In this process, a chosen substance is repeatedly and thoroughly diluted. The final product is chemically indistinguishable from the diluent, which is usually either distilled water, ethanol or sugar; often, not even a single molecule of the original substance can be expected to remain in the product. Between the dilution iterations homeopaths practice hitting and/or violently shaking the product, and claim that it makes the diluent remember the original substance after its removal. Practitioners claim that such preparations, upon oral intake, can treat or cure disease.
|
L’homéopathie ou homœopathie (du grec /, « similaire » et /, « souffrance » ou « maladie ») est une pratique pseudo-scientifique de médecine alternative inventée par Samuel Hahnemann en 1796. La croyance sur laquelle se base l'homéopathie est celle d'une possibilité de soigner un patient en diluant très fortement des substances qui, si elles étaient concentrées, provoqueraient des symptômes similaires à ceux qu'il rencontre. Au-delà d'un certain nombre de dilutions, les remèdes homéopathiques sont dépourvus de principes actifs. L'homéopathie ne constitue pas un traitement plausible, étant donné que les principes sur lesquels la méthode de traitement repose, que ce soit à propos du fonctionnement des médicaments, des maladies, du corps humain, des fluides et des solutions, sont contredits par un large ensemble de découvertes faites en biologie, psychologie, physique et chimie dans les deux siècles suivant son invention.
|
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Libertarian Party (United States)
|
Parti libertarien (États-Unis)
|
The Libertarian Party (LP) is a political party in the United States that promotes civil liberties, non-interventionism, "laissez-faire" capitalism, and limiting the size and scope of government. The party was conceived in August 1971 at meetings in the home of David F. Nolan in Westminster, Colorado, and was officially formed on December 11, 1971 in Colorado Springs, Colorado. The founding of the party was prompted in part due to concerns about the Nixon administration, the Vietnam War, conscription, and the introduction of fiat money.
|
Le Parti libertarien () est un parti politique américain fondé en 1971. Comptant membres en, c'est l'un des principaux partis minoritaires aux États-Unis. Son programme est constitué d'éléments issus de la philosophie libertarienne, favorable à une législation minimale, au libre-échange et à des libertés individuelles fortes.
|
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Praenomen
|
Prénom romain
|
The praenomen (; plural: praenomina) was a personal name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the "dies lustricus" (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the "toga virilis" upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the "tria nomina" commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
|
Les Romains de l'époque classique employaient un petit nombre de prénoms () dans le cadre de leur système des tria nomina.
|
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Yoshitaka Amano
|
Yoshitaka Amano
|
Since the 1990s Amano has been creating and exhibiting paintings featuring his iconic retro pop icons in galleries around the world, primarily painting on aluminium box panels with acrylic and automotive paint. He is a 5-time winner of the Seiun Award, and also won the 1999 Bram Stoker Award for his collaboration with Neil Gaiman, "".
|
, né le à Shizuoka, près de Tôkyô, est un artiste japonais, notamment connu pour son travail sur "Vampire Hunter D" et la série "Final Fantasy".
|
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Auguste Comte
|
Auguste Comte
|
Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte (; 19 January 1798 – 5 September 1857) was a French philosopher and writer who formulated the doctrine of positivism. He is often regarded as the first philosopher of science in the modern sense of the term. Comte is also seen as the founder of the academic discipline of sociology.
|
Auguste Comte, né Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte le (30 nivôse an VI) à Montpellier (Hérault) et mort le à Paris, est un philosophe français, fondateur du positivisme.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Oxide
|
Oxyde
|
An oxide () is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula. "Oxide" itself is the dianion of oxygen, an O atom. Metal oxides thus typically contain an anion of oxygen in the oxidation state of −2. Most of the Earth's crust consists of solid oxides, the result of elements being oxidized by the oxygen in air or in water. Even materials considered pure elements often develop an oxide coating. For example, aluminium foil develops a thin skin of AlO (called a passivation layer) that protects the foil from further corrosion. Certain elements can form multiple oxides, differing in the amounts of the element combining with the oxygen. Examples are carbon, iron, nitrogen (see nitrogen oxide), silicon, titanium, and aluminium. In such cases the oxides are distinguished by specifying the numbers of atoms involved, as in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, or by specifying the element's oxidation number, as in iron(II) oxide and iron(III) oxide.
|
Un oxyde est un composé de l'oxygène avec un élément moins électronégatif que lui, c'est-à-dire tous sauf le fluor et lui-même. Le terme « oxyde » désigne également l'ion oxyde O.
|
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[
250008,
992,
6,
76634,
112,
437,
51,
144687,
8,
96,
25,
76634,
134725,
1609,
51,
197194,
11135,
6,
234351,
733,
208,
7737,
41,
1869,
4,
501,
25,
525,
9,
1298,
9,
48254,
5849,
138477,
95,
127179,
82,
1869,
9,
37073,
5,
636,
24117,
94,
6,
76634,
112,
340,
54238,
40255,
14919,
96,
25,
1830,
6,
76634,
112,
180,
5,
2
] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Thermal conductivity
|
Conductivité thermique
|
The thermal conductivity of a material is a measure of its ability to conduct heat. It is commonly denoted by formula_1, formula_2, or formula_3.
|
La conductivité thermique ou conductibilité thermique est une grandeur physique caractérisant le comportement des matériaux lors du transfert thermique par conduction. Notée "λ" ou "K" voire "k", cette grandeur apparaît notamment dans la loi de Fourier. Elle représente l'énergie (quantité de chaleur) transférée par unité de surface et de temps sous un gradient de température de ou par mètre.
|
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33233,
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224128,
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60212,
7,
23,
53073,
6431,
14974,
2069,
33233,
10,
34475,
224128,
10,
33102,
2
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[
250008,
239,
55080,
155129,
70,
23274,
944,
628,
55080,
14,
57792,
70,
23274,
944,
437,
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35358,
2517,
8,
124340,
8,
628,
366,
6,
93605,
5,
2
] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Timeline of United States military operations
|
Interventions militaires des États-Unis dans le monde
|
This timeline of United States government military operations, based in part on reports by the Congressional Research Service, shows the years and places in which U.S. military units participated in armed conflicts or occupation of foreign territories. Items in bold are wars most often considered to be "major conflicts" by historians and the general public.
|
Les interventions militaires des États-Unis dans le monde sont très nombreuses depuis plus de. Les causes sont parfois justifiées et parfois dénoncées par les institutions internationales.
|
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Mediation
|
Médiation
|
Mediation is a dynamic, structured, interactive process where an impartial third party assists disputing parties in resolving conflict through the use of specialized communication and negotiation techniques. All participants in mediation are encouraged to actively participate in the process. Mediation is a "party-centered" process in that it is focused primarily upon the needs, rights, and interests of the parties. The mediator uses a wide variety of techniques to guide the process in a constructive direction and to help the parties find their optimal solution. A mediator is facilitative in that she/he manages the interaction between parties and facilitates open communication. Mediation is also evaluative in that the mediator analyzes issues and relevant norms ("reality-testing"), while refraining from providing prescriptive advice to the parties (e.g., "You should do....").
|
La médiation est une pratique ou une discipline qui vise à définir l'intervention d'un tiers pour faciliter la circulation d'informations, éclaircir ou rétablir des relations. Ce tiers neutre, indépendant et impartial, est appelé médiateur. La définition de cette activité varie selon les contextes d'application. Néanmoins, des constantes existent à chaque fois qu'un tiers intervient pour faciliter une relation ou la compréhension d'une situation et des éléments de pédagogie et de qualité relationnelle se retrouvent dans les pratiques de la médiation.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Java Platform, Standard Edition
|
Java SE
|
Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE) is a computing platform for development and deployment of portable code for desktop and server environments. Java SE was formerly known as Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition (J2SE).
|
, ou Java SE (anciennement, ou J2SE), est une spécification de la plate-forme Java d'Oracle, destinée typiquement aux applications pour poste de travail.
|
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Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)
|
Période thinite
|
The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt (also known as Thinite Period, from Thinis, the supposed hometown of its rulers) is the era immediately following the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt "c." 3100 BC. It is generally taken to include the First and Second Dynasties, lasting from the end of the Naqada III archaeological period until about 2686 BC, or the beginning of the Old Kingdom. With the First Dynasty, the capital moved from Thinis to Memphis with a unified Egypt ruled by an Egyptian god-king. Abydos remained the major holy land in the south. The hallmarks of ancient Egyptian civilization, such as art, architecture and many aspects of religion, took shape during the Early Dynastic period.
|
On appelle période thinite de l'Égypte (ou période archaïque) la période couverte par les deux premières dynasties ; elle est ainsi désignée parce que Manéthon leur assigne Thinis, près d'Abydos en Haute-Égypte, comme lieu d’origine. Cette période s'ouvre aux alentours de -3150 et se termine vers -2700. Nous ne savons presque rien des événements politiques qui traversent le règne des rois de la période, si ce n’est que les successions ne se faisaient pas sans problème. Selon la coutume, le premier roi (humain) à avoir régné sur la totalité de l'Égypte était un nommé Narmer ou Ménès. Il est considéré comme le premier roi de la et la tradition lui a attribué l'unification des Haute et Basse-Égypte. Archéologiquement, rien ne vient certifier ce fait ; de plus, l'identification de ce Ménès est très problématique. Dans la liste royale du papyrus de Turin ainsi que celle de Manéthon, ce Ménès suit une longue liste de dieux et de demi-dieux.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Green Party of the United States
|
Parti vert des États-Unis
|
The Green Party of the United States (GPUS) is a federation of Green state political parties in the United States. The party promotes green politics, specifically environmentalism; nonviolence; social justice; participatory, grassroots democracy; gender equality; LGBTQ rights; anti-war; anti-racism and ecosocialism. On the political spectrum, the party is generally seen as left-wing.
|
Le Parti vert des États-Unis () est une coalition de partis politiques écologistes présents dans tous les États des États-Unis, fondé en 1996. Ses membres sont les partis et non des individus.
|
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Photosynthesis
|
Photosynthèse
|
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name "photosynthesis", from the Greek "phōs" (), "light", and "sunthesis" (), "putting together". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis is largely responsible for producing and maintaining the oxygen content of the Earth's atmosphere, and supplies most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.
|
La photosynthèse (du grec "phōs" « lumière » et "sýnthesis" « combinaison ») est le processus bioénergétique qui permet à des organismes (comme les bactéries photoautotrophes) de synthétiser de la matière organique en utilisant l'énergie lumineuse.
|
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Roman currency
|
Monnaie romaine
|
Roman currency for most of Roman history consisted of gold, silver, bronze, orichalcum and copper coinage (see: Roman metallurgy). From its introduction to the Republic, during the third century BC, well into Imperial times, Roman currency saw many changes in form, denomination, and composition. A persistent feature was the inflationary debasement and replacement of coins over the centuries. Notable examples of this followed the reforms of Diocletian. This trend continued into Byzantine times.
|
La monnaie romaine est de toutes les monnaies antiques celle qui a connu la plus longue et la plus grande expansion géographique, jusqu'à devenir durant plusieurs siècles la monnaie commune du monde occidental et méditerranéen. Après des débuts frustes basés sur le bronze au poids et l'usage du monnayage grec, elle s'est constituée à la fin du selon un système monétaire fondé sur le bimétallisme argent et bronze. Au début du Haut-Empire sous Auguste s'ajoute la monnaie d'or, créant un système à trois métaux qui reste stable pendant près de deux siècles et demi. La crise militaire et économique du et la spirale inflationniste qui l'accompagne voient l'effondrement des monnaies d'argent et de bronze. Au, la réforme de Dioclétien qui tente de revaloriser les monnaies d'argent et de bronze ne parvient pas à contenir l'inflation, tandis que celle de Constantin parvient à créer un système monétaire dominé par le solidus stabilisé à d'or fin et sans parité fixe avec les autres monnaies qui se dévaluent. Le solidus connait ensuite une exceptionnelle stabilité dans l'empire d'Orient jusqu'au.
|
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International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
|
Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda
|
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR; ; ) was an international court established in November 1994 by the United Nations Security Council in Resolution 955 in order to judge people responsible for the Rwandan genocide and other serious violations of international law in Rwanda, or by Rwandan citizens in nearby states, between 1 January and 31 December 1994.
|
Le Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda (TPIR) est une ancienne juridiction pénale internationale mise en place le par le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies afin de juger les personnes responsables d'actes de génocide des Tutsi au Rwanda, et d'autres violations graves du droit international humanitaire commis sur le territoire du Rwanda, ou par des citoyens rwandais sur le territoire d'États voisins, entre le et le. Son siège était situé à Arusha en Tanzanie.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet
|
PPPoE
|
The Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) is a network protocol for encapsulating PPP frames inside Ethernet frames. It appeared in 1999, in the context of the boom of DSL as the solution for tunneling packets over the DSL connection to the ISP's IP network, and from there to the rest of the Internet. A 2005 networking book noted that "Most DSL providers use PPPoE, which provides authentication, encryption, and compression." Typical use of PPPoE involves leveraging the PPP facilities for authenticating the user with a username and password, predominately via the PAP protocol and less often via CHAP.
|
PPPoE (de l'anglais ) est un protocole d'encapsulation de PPP sur Ethernet, mis au point à l'origine par la société RedBack et décrit par le.
|
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Drapeau de la Suède
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The flag of Sweden () consists of a yellow or gold Nordic cross (i.e. an asymmetrical horizontal cross, with the crossbar closer to the hoist than the fly, with the cross extending to the edge of the flag) on a field of blue. The Nordic cross design traditionally represents Christianity. The design and colours of the Swedish flag are believed to have been inspired by the present coat of arms of Sweden of 1442, which is blue divided quarterly by a cross pattée of gold, and modelled on the Danish flag. Blue and yellow have been used as Swedish colours at least since Magnus III's royal coat of arms of 1275.
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Sur le drapeau de la Suède, se présentent les couleurs des armes de la Suède au – trois couronnes d'or sur champ d'azur – adaptées à la forme de la croix scandinave. Cette croix scandinave représente le christianisme. Il est dit que le design et les couleurs du drapeau suédois viennent des armoiries de la Suède datant de 1442, qui sont divisées en quatre par une croix pattée doré sur fond bleu, et que le drapeau danois a aussi servi de modèle. Les couleurs bleu et jaune sont utilisées pour représenter la Suède au moins depuis les armoiries du roi Magnus III de Suède, en 1275.
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Flag of Austria
|
Drapeau de l'Autriche
|
The flag of Austria () has three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red. The Austrian triband is based on the coat of arms of the Babenberg dynasty, recorded in the 13th century. It may have seen use in flags from about the 15th century, alongside the black-and-yellow colours of the Imperial House of Habsburg and other insignia of the Holy Roman Empire. It was adopted as a naval ensign and flags of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany and Duchy of Modena and Reggio in the 18th and 19th century respectively, as both were ruled by cadet branches of the House of Habsburg. Since 1918 it has been used as the national flag of the Republic of Austria.
|
Les drapeaux de l'Autriche comprennent le drapeau national et marchand ainsi que le drapeau militaire de la république d'Autriche. Leurs origines remontent au blason de la maison régnante des Babenberg, "de gueules à la fasce d'argent", adopté au. Le drapeau composé de trois bandes horizontales rouge (dessus), blanche et rouge (dessous) de largeurs égales est mentionné dans l’article 8a de la Loi constitutionnelle fédérale ("Bundes-Verfassungsgesetz").
|
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Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
|
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
|
The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is an obsolete method for implementing virtual private networks. PPTP has many well known security issues.
|
PPTP ( - RFC 2637), protocole de tunnel point-à-point, est un protocole d'encapsulation PPP sur IP conçu par Microsoft. Il permet de mettre en place des réseaux privés virtuels (VPN) au-dessus d'un réseau public. (L2TP) et IPsec sont des protocoles inspirés de PPTP et chargés de le remplacer. Cependant, le protocole PPTP continue d'être utilisé car il est implémenté nativement sur les machines Windows depuis Windows 2000. Toute machine Microsoft est donc capable de mettre en place un tunnel PPTP avec une machine distante sans devoir ajouter de mécanisme supplémentaire.
|
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Flag of Chile
|
Drapeau du Chili
|
The flag of Chile consists of two equal horizontal bands of white and red, with a blue square the same height as the white band in the canton, which bears a white five-pointed star in the center. It was adopted on 18 October 1817. The Chilean flag is also known in Spanish as "La Estrella Solitaria" ("The Lone Star").
|
Le drapeau national du Chili, appelé en (littéralement : « l'étoile solitaire »), fut officiellement adopté le. Il se divise en deux franges horizontales : la frange supérieure est bleue et blanche. La bande inférieure quant à elle est rouge. Dans la zone bleue se situe une étoile à cinq branches de couleur blanche.
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Flag of Belgium
|
Drapeau de la Belgique
|
The national flag of the Kingdom of Belgium (,, ) is a tricolour of three bands of black, yellow, and red. The colours were taken from the coat of arms of the Duchy of Brabant, and the vertical design may be based on the flag of France. When flown, the black band is nearest the pole (at the hoist side). It has the unusual proportions of 13:15.
|
Le drapeau de la Belgique est composé de trois bandes verticales ; noire, jaune et rouge. L’article 193 de la Constitution mentionne les couleurs, les armes et la devise nationale : « La Nation belge adopte les couleurs rouge, jaune et noire, et pour armes le Lion du Royaume de Belgique avec la légende : "l’union fait la force" ».
|
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Flag of Greece
|
Drapeau de la Grèce
|
The national flag of Greece, popularly referred to as the "blue and white" (, ) or the "sky blue and white" (, ), is officially recognised by Greece as one of its national symbols and has nine equal horizontal stripes of blue alternating with white. There is a blue canton in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a white cross; the cross symbolises Eastern Orthodox Christianity, the established religion of the Greek people of Greece and Cyprus. The blazon of the flag is Azure, four bars Argent; on a canton of the field a Greek cross throughout of the second. The official flag ratio is 2:3. The shade of blue used in the flag has varied throughout its history, from light blue to dark blue, the latter being increasingly used since the late 1960s. It was officially adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus on 13 January 1822.
|
L'actuel drapeau de la Grèce est composé de neuf bandes bleues et blanches, avec un carré bleu à croix blanche sur le canton.
|
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Flag of Guatemala
|
Drapeau du Guatemala
|
The flag of Guatemala, often referred to as "Pabellón Nacional" (literally, "National Flag") or "Azul y Blanco" ("Blue and White") features two colors: Sky blue and white. The two Sky blue stripes represent the fact that Guatemala is a land located between two oceans, the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic Ocean (Caribbean sea); and the sky over the country (see Guatemala's national anthem). The white signifies peace and purity. The blue and white colors, like those of several other countries in the region, are based on the flag of the former Federal Republic of Central America.
|
Le drapeau du Guatemala adopté en 1871 est composé de trois bandes verticales, bleu ciel et blanche (milieu). Le bleu symbolise l'océan Pacifique et l'océan Atlantique qui bordent le pays et le blanc signifie la pureté des valeurs du pays.
|
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Child
|
Enfant
|
Biologically, a child (plural children) is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty, or between the developmental period of infancy and puberty. The legal definition of "child" generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority. Children generally have fewer rights and less responsibility than adults. They are classed as unable to make serious decisions, and legally must be under the care of their parents or another responsible caregiver.
|
Un enfant est un jeune être humain en cours de développement et dépendant de ses parents ou d’autres adultes. L'organisation mondiale de la santé définit l'enfance comme la période de la vie humaine allant de la naissance à 18 ans. Cependant la définition de l'enfance peut différer quelque peu selon les disciplines qui traitent du sujet. Droit, psychologie, médecine, biologie ne fixent pas exactement les mêmes repères. Ainsi, elle commence, soit à la naissance, soit à l'âge de la parole. Elle se termine soit à l'adolescence avec l'entrée dans la puberté, soit à l'âge adulte et à l'âge légal de la majorité civile, âge légalement différent d'un pays à l'autre.
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2
] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Flag of Denmark
|
Drapeau du Danemark
|
The flag of Denmark (, ) is red with a white Scandinavian cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side.
|
Le drapeau du Danemark est aussi nommé Dannebrog (« vêtement rouge » ou « vêtement danois »). C'est un drapeau rouge avec une croix blanche étendue jusqu'aux bords ; la croix (croix scandinave, aussi intitulée Croix de saint Olaf) est décalée du côté de la lance. La même croix se retrouve sur les drapeaux suédois, norvégien, finlandais et islandais, mais aussi de celui des îles Féroé et d’Åland. Le drapeau est certainement dérivé du drapeau utilisé lors des croisades. Encore plus que les autres drapeaux scandinaves, le Dannebrog est l'objet d'usages singuliers qui font de lui un acteur constitutionnel d'une importance limitée mais réelle.
|
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Flag of the United Kingdom
|
Drapeau du Royaume-Uni
|
The national flag of the United Kingdom is the Union Jack, also known as the Union Flag. The current design of the Union Jack dates from the Act of Union 1801 which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The flag consists of the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England), edged in white, superimposed on the Cross of St Patrick (patron saint of Ireland), which are superimposed on the Saltire of Saint Andrew (patron saint of Scotland). Wales is not represented in the Union Flag by Wales's patron saint, Saint David, as at the time the flag was designed Wales was part of the Kingdom of England.
|
Le drapeau du Royaume-Uni, connu sous le nom d'Union Flag ou Union Jack, a été créé en 1606, après l'Union des Couronnes d'Angleterre et d'Écosse sous leur monarque commun Jacques Stuart (Jacques en Angleterre et Jacques VI en Écosse), laquelle survint une centaine d'années avant la création effective de la Grande-Bretagne par l'Acte d'Union de 1707. Il combine la croix de saint Georges du drapeau anglais et la croix de saint André du drapeau écossais. Après l'Union de 1801, ce drapeau fut augmenté de la croix de saint Patrick pour représenter l'Irlande.
|
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The Hague
|
La Haye
|
The Hague (; or ) is a city on the western coast of the Netherlands on the North Sea and the capital of the province of South Holland. It is also the seat of government of the Netherlands and hosts the International Court of Justice, one of the most important courts in the world.
|
La Haye ( ; en néerlandais : "Den Haag", diminutif de "’s-Gravenhage" — littéralement « Haie du Comte ») est une commune et ville néerlandaise, siège du gouvernement des Pays-Bas et chef-lieu de la province de Hollande-Méridionale. Elle n'est cependant pas la capitale, qui est Amsterdam. Au, la population de La Haye s'élève à, ce qui en fait la troisième ville des Pays-Bas derrière Amsterdam et Rotterdam. Elle fait partie de la conurbation de la Randstad — comprenant Amsterdam, Haarlem, Leyde, Rotterdam et Utrecht — comptant.
|
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Ptolemy III Euergetes
|
Ptolémée III
|
Ptolemy III Euergetes ( "Ptolemaios Euergetes" "Ptolemy the Benefactor"; c. 280 – November/December 222 BC) was the third king of the Ptolemaic dynasty in Egypt from 246 to 222 BC. The Ptolemaic Kingdom reached the height of its power during his reign.
|
Ptolémée "Évergète " (le « Bienfaiteur ») est un roi d'Égypte et un pharaon de la dynastie lagide. Il est le fils de "Philadelphe", auquel il succède, et d'. Sa date de naissance est inconnue : entre 285 et 275 av. J.-C. (il est souvent avancé 284 ou 282). Il meurt en 222. Son règne marque l'apogée de l'Égypte lagide.
|
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Galba
|
Galba
|
Galba (; Servius Galba Caesar Augustus; 24 December 3 BC – 15 January AD 69) was Roman emperor from 68 to 69, the first emperor in the Year of the Four Emperors. He was known as Lucius Livius Galba Ocella prior to taking the throne as a result of his adoption by his stepmother, Livia Ocellina. The governor of Hispania at the time of the rebellion of Gaius Julius Vindex in Gaul, he seized the throne following Nero's suicide.
|
Galba (24 décembre 3 av. J.-C. - 15 janvier 69) (latin : "Servius Sulpicius Galba Imperator Caesar Augustus") est un empereur romain, qui régna de juin 68 jusqu'à sa mort en janvier 69. Sixième empereur depuis Auguste, il fut aussi le premier de l'année des quatre empereurs. Cette année tourmentée allait marquer une rupture dans la succession des empereurs romains : Néron fut en effet le dernier des cinq empereurs de la dynastie julio-claudienne ; au terme de l'année de sa mort, après Galba, puis Othon et enfin Vitellius, qui se succédèrent rapidement à la tête de l'Empire, Vespasien allait être à l'origine d'une nouvelle dynastie : les Flaviens.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
CAS Registry Number
|
Numéro CAS
|
A CAS Registry Number, also referred to as CASRN or CAS Number, is a unique numerical identifier assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) to every chemical substance described in the open scientific literature (currently including all substances described from 1957 through the present, plus some substances from the early or mid 1900s), including organic and inorganic compounds, minerals, isotopes, alloys and nonstructurable materials (UVCBs, substances of unknown or variable composition, complex reaction products, or biological origin). CASRNs are generally serial numbers (with a check digit), so they do not contain any information about the structures themselves the way SMILES and InChI strings do.
|
Le numéro CAS (' ou'en anglais) d'une substance chimique, polymère, séquence biologique et alliage est son numéro d'enregistrement unique auprès de la banque de données de (CAS), une division de l' (ACS). Le CAS assigne ces numéros à chaque substance chimique qui a été décrite dans la documentation. De plus, CAS maintient et commercialise une base de données de ces substances, le "".
|
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Ptolemy V Epiphanes
|
Ptolémée V
|
Ptolemy V Epiphanes (, "Ptolemaĩos Epiphanḗs Eucharistos" "Ptolemy the Manifest, the Beneficent"; 9 October 210–September 180 BC), son of the siblings Ptolemy IV Philopator and Arsinoe III of Egypt, was the fifth ruler of the Ptolemaic dynasty from July/August 204 to September 180 BC.
|
Ptolémée "Épiphane Eucharistos" (en grec : Πτολεμαίος E' ὁ Έπιφανὴς καὶ Εὐχάριστος) est un pharaon de la période lagide. Il est le fils de et de la reine. Il naît fin de l'an 12 ou début de l'an 13 du règne de son père soit autour de 210 avant notre ère. Après la mort de son père en juillet/août 204 avant notre ère, il est proclamé roi le 8 septembre 204, alors qu'il n’a que cinq/six ans et sa mère doit assurer la régence. Mais deux puissants hauts dignitaires : Agathoclès (ou Agathocle) et Sosibios (ou Sosibe), font assassiner fin septembre 204 et s’emparèrent du pouvoir.
|
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Corpse paint
|
Corpse paint
|
Corpse paint or corpsepaint is a style of black and white makeup used by black metal bands for concerts and band photos. The makeup is used to make the musicians appear inhuman, corpse-like, or demonic, and is perhaps "the most identifiable aspect of the black metal aesthetic."
|
Le (littéralement : peinture de cadavre) est un type de maquillage noir et blanc peint autour des yeux et sur les lèvres, artifice très utilisé par les groupes de " pour accentuer leurs expressions et se donner une apparence inhumaine, cadavérique ou démoniaque.
|
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County of Longueville
|
Comté puis duché de Longueville
|
Count of Longueville is a French noble title, whose holder had the fiefdom of the County of Longueville. The County was erected into a Duchy in 1505.
|
Le comté de Longueville a appartenu à divers personnages célèbres. Il a été érigé en duché en 1505. La seigneurie de Longueville était le chef d'un honneur ayant appartenu à la famille Giffard. Guillaume le Maréchal reçoit la moitié de cet honneur en droit de sa femme, Isabelle de Clare, fille de Richard de Clare dit "Strongbow" en 1191. L'héritier de l'autre moitié est Richard de Clare, comte d'Hertford. Après 1204, Guillaume le Maréchal parvint à conserver sa partie, qui appartenait encore en 1219 à sa veuve Isabelle de Clare (apr. 1172-1220) et à ses enfants en 1219. À la mort d'Isabelle de Clare, son fils Guillaume (II) le Maréchal cède à son cadet Richard ses terres en Normandie, soit les honneurs de Longueville et d'Orbec. Richard meurt sans descendance, et le roi Louis IX de France s'empare de ses terres.
|
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Middle Egypt
|
Moyenne-Égypte
|
Middle Egypt ( "Misr al-Wista") is the section of land between Lower Egypt (the Nile Delta) and Upper Egypt, stretching upstream from Asyut in the south to Memphis in the north. At the time, Ancient Egypt was divided into Lower and Upper Egypt, though Middle Egypt was technically a subdivision of Upper Egypt. It was not until the 19th century that archaeologists felt the need to divide Upper Egypt in two. As a result, they coined the term "Middle Egypt" for the stretch of river between Cairo and the Qena Bend. It was also associated with a region termed Heptanomis (; Greek:, in Ptol. iv. 5. § 55; more properly or, in Dionysius Periegetes 251; and sometimes ; meaning "Seven Nomes", a "nome" being a subdivision of ancient Egypt), generally as the district which separates the Thebaïd from the Delta.
|
La Moyenne-Égypte est la région centrale de l'Égypte. La Moyenne-Égypte est le nom moderne de la partie de l'Egypte des deux côtés du Nil, qui s'étend, approximativement et du Sud au Nord, depuis la ville actuelle de Qena (Dendérah), et des environs d'Assiout, jusqu'au sud du Fayoum, et la ville de Beni Suef.
|
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Shu (Egyptian god)
|
Shou
|
Shu (Egyptian "šw", "emptiness" or "he who rises up") was one of the primordial Egyptian gods, spouse and brother to goddess Tefnut, and one of the nine deities of the Ennead of the Heliopolis cosmogony. He was the god of peace, lions, air, and wind.
|
Shou, (en grec ancien ou ) est un dieu de la mythologie égyptienne qui fait partie de la grande Ennéade d'Héliopolis.
|
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Acetic acid
|
Acide acétique
|
Acetic acid, systematically named ethanoic acid, is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula CHCOOH (also written as CHCOH, CHO, or HCHO). When undiluted, it is sometimes called "glacial acetic acid". Vinegar is no less than 4% acetic acid by volume, making acetic acid the main component of vinegar apart from water. Acetic acid has a distinctive sour taste and pungent smell. In addition to household vinegar, it is mainly produced as a precursor to polyvinyl acetate and cellulose acetate. It is classified as a weak acid since it only partially dissociates in solution, but concentrated acetic acid is corrosive and can attack the skin.
|
L'acide acétique ou acide éthanoïque est un acide carboxylique avec une chaîne carbonée théorique en C2, analogue à l'éthane, de masse molaire et de formule chimique brute CHO ou semi-développée CH-CO-OH. L'adjectif du nom courant provient du latin "acetum", signifiant "vinaigre". En effet, l'acide acétique représente le principal constituant du vinaigre après l'eau, puisqu'il lui donne son goût acide et son odeur piquante détectable à partir d'.
|
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Ptolemy IV Philopator
|
Ptolémée IV
|
Ptolemy IV Philopator (, "Ptolemaĩos Philopátōr" "Ptolemy, lover of his Father"; May/June 244 – July/August 204 BC), son of Ptolemy III and Berenice II, was the fourth Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt from 221 to 204 BC.
|
Ptolémée "Philopatôr" (en grec ancien / ), né vers 244 av. J-C., mort en 204, est un roi et pharaon d'Égypte de la dynastie lagide. Son épithète "Philopatôr" signifie « qui aime son père ». Il est issu de la lignée du premier Ptolémée, l'un des Diadoques (ou successeurs) d'Alexandre le Grand qui se sont partagé son immense empire à sa mort en -323.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Flag of Australia
|
Drapeau de l'Australie
|
The flag of Australia is based on the British maritime Blue Ensigna blue field with the Union Jack in the "canton" or upper hoist quarteraugmented or "defaced" with a large white seven-pointed star (the Commonwealth Star) and a representation of the Southern Cross constellation, made up of five white starsone small five-pointed star and four, larger, seven-pointed stars. There are other official flags representing Australia, its people and core functions of government.
|
Le drapeau de l'Australie est bleu avec, dans le quart supérieur du côté de la lance, l'Union Jack. Dans le quart du dessous se trouve l'Étoile de la fédération, une étoile blanche à sept branches, six branches pour chacun des six États (le Queensland, la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, le Victoria, la Tasmanie, l'Australie-Méridionale et l'Australie-Occidentale) et une branche pour les deux territoires (le Territoire de la capitale australienne et le Territoire du Nord). L'autre moitié du drapeau représente la constellation de la Croix du Sud en blanc avec une petite étoile à cinq branches et quatre autres à sept branches.
|
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Pastis
|
Pastis
|
Pastis (;, ; or ) is an anise-flavoured spirit and apéritif traditionally from France, typically containing less than 100 g/l sugar and 40–45% ABV (alcohol by volume).
|
Le pastis (du provençal "pastis" : « mélange ») est le nom donné à une boisson alcoolisée parfumée à l'anis et à la réglisse.
|
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Ramesses III
|
Ramsès III
|
Usermaatre Meryamun Ramesses III (also written Ramses and Rameses) was the second Pharaoh of the Twentieth Dynasty in Ancient Egypt. He is thought to have reigned from 1186 to 1155 BC and is considered to be the last great monarch of the New Kingdom to wield any substantial authority over Egypt. His long reign saw the decline of Egyptian political and economic power, linked to a series of invasions and internal economic problems that also plagued pharaohs before him. He has also been described as "warrior Pharaoh" due to his strong military strategies. He led the way by defeating the invaders known as "the Sea People", who had caused destruction in other civilizations and empires. He was able to save Egypt from collapsing at the time when many other empires fell during the Late Bronze Age; however, the damage of the invasions took a toll on Egypt.
|
Ramsès ("Ramsès Ousermaâtrê-Méryamon" : né de Râ, la justice de Rê est puissante, apprécié d'Amon) est le dernier grand souverain du Nouvel Empire. Pendant son règne, qui dure un peu plus de trente ans, le souverain ne cesse pas de lutter contre la corruption qui gangrène le pays ; il doit également repousser les peuples de la mer, des envahisseurs coalisés.
|
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Auto-da-fé
|
Autodafé
|
An auto-da-fé (from Portuguese, meaning 'act of faith') was the ritual of public penance carried out between the 15th and 19th centuries of condemned heretics and apostates imposed by the Spanish, Portuguese, or Mexican Inquisition as punishment and enforced by civil authorities. Its most extreme form was death by burning.
|
À l'origine, un autodafé (mot portugais « "auto da fé" » venant du latin « "actus fidei" », c'est-à-dire « acte de foi ») est la cérémonie de pénitence publique organisée par le tribunal de l'Inquisition espagnole ou portugaise, durant laquelle celle-ci proclamait ses jugements.
|
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Ecofeminism
|
Écoféminisme
|
Ecofeminism is a branch of feminism that sees environmentalism, and the relationship between women and the earth, as foundational to its analysis and practice. Ecofeminist thinkers draw on the concept of gender to analyse the relationships between humans and the natural world. The term was coined by the French writer Françoise d'Eaubonne in her book "Le Féminisme ou la Mort" (1974). Ecofeminist theory asserts that a feminist perspective of ecology does not place women in the dominant position of power, but rather calls for an egalitarian, collaborative society in which there is no one dominant group. Today, there are several branches of ecofeminism, with varying approaches and analyses, including liberal ecofeminism, spiritual/cultural ecofeminism, and social/socialist ecofeminism (or materialist ecofeminism). Interpretations of ecofeminism and how it might be applied to social thought include ecofeminist art, social justice and political philosophy, religion, contemporary feminism, and poetry.
|
L’écoféminisme est un courant philosophique, éthique et politique né de la conjonction des pensées féministes et écologistes. Le courant écoféministe considère qu'il existe des similitudes et des causes communes entre les systèmes de domination et d’oppression des femmes par les hommes et les systèmes de surexploitation de la nature par les humains (entraînant le dérèglement climatique et le saccage des écosystèmes). En conséquence, l'écologie nécessiterait de repenser les relations entre les genres en même temps qu'entre les humains et la nature.
|
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International Criminal Court
|
Cour pénale internationale
|
The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague, Netherlands. The ICC has jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. It is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore exercise its jurisdiction only when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals. The ICC lacks universal territorial jurisdiction, and may only investigate and prosecute crimes committed within member states, crimes committed by nationals of member states, or crimes in situations referred to the Court by the United Nations Security Council.
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La Cour pénale internationale (CPI ; en anglais "International Criminal Court" ou ICC) est une juridiction pénale internationale permanente, et à vocation universelle, chargée de juger les personnes accusées de génocide, de crime contre l’humanité, de crime d'agression et de crime de guerre. La Cour inscrit également son action dans une dimension préventive et dissuasive : l'objectif est de responsabiliser les individus, qu'il s'agisse d'autorités civiles ou militaires.
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Banach space
|
Espace de Banach
|
In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a Banach space (pronounced ) is a complete normed vector space. Thus, a Banach space is a vector space with a metric that allows the computation of vector length and distance between vectors and is complete in the sense that a Cauchy sequence of vectors always converges to a well defined limit that is within the space.
|
En mathématiques, plus particulièrement en analyse fonctionnelle, on appelle espace de Banach un espace vectoriel normé sur un sous-corps "K" de C (en général, "K "= R ou C), complet pour la distance issue de sa norme. Comme la topologie induite par sa distance est compatible avec sa structure d’espace vectoriel, c’est un espace vectoriel topologique. Les espaces de Banach possèdent de nombreuses propriétés qui font d'eux un outil essentiel pour l'analyse fonctionnelle. Ils doivent leur nom au mathématicien polonais Stefan Banach.
|
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Mer de Glace
|
Mer de Glace
|
The Mer de Glace ("Sea of Ice") is a valley glacier located on the northern slopes of the Mont Blanc massif, in the French Alps. It is 7.5 km long and deep but, when all its tributary glaciers are taken into account, it can be regarded as the longest and largest glacier in France, and the second longest in the Alps after the Aletsch Glacier.
|
La Mer de Glace est un glacier de vallée alpin situé sur le versant septentrional du massif du Mont-Blanc, dans le département français de la Haute-Savoie. Il est formé par la confluence du glacier du Tacul et du glacier de Leschaux et s'épanche dans la vallée de l'Arve, sur le territoire de la commune de Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, donnant naissance à l'Arveyron. Le glacier s'étend sur sept kilomètres de long, son bassin d'alimentation possède une longueur maximale de douze kilomètres et une superficie de, alors que son épaisseur atteint.
|
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Duchy of Brittany
|
Duché de Bretagne
|
The Duchy of Brittany (Breton: "Dugelezh Breizh", French: "Duché de Bretagne") was a medieval feudal state that existed between approximately 939 and 1547. Its territory covered the northwestern peninsula of Europe, bordered by the Atlantic Ocean on the west, the English Channel to the north. It was less definitively bordered by the Loire River to the south, and Normandy and other French provinces to the east. The Duchy was established after the expulsion of Viking armies from the region around 939. The Duchy, in the 10th and 11th centuries, was politically unstable, with the dukes holding only limited power outside their own personal lands. The Duchy had mixed relationships with the neighbouring Duchy of Normandy, sometimes allying itself with Normandy, and at other times, such as the Breton-Norman War, entering into open conflict.
|
Le Duché de Bretagne est un duché féodal qui a existé de 939 à 1547. Son territoire, partie de celui de l'ancienne Armorique, correspond à la région Bretagne actuelle avec une grande partie du département de la Loire-Atlantique où se trouvent la ville de Nantes et l'ancien pays de Retz.
|
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Normed vector space
|
Espace vectoriel normé
|
In mathematics, a normed vector space or normed space is a vector space over the real or complex numbers, on which a norm is defined. A norm is the formalization and the generalization to real vector spaces of the intuitive notion of "length" in the real world. A norm is a real-valued function defined on the vector space that is commonly denoted formula_1 and has the following properties:
|
Un espace vectoriel normé (EVN) est un espace vectoriel muni d'une norme. Cette structure mathématique développe des propriétés géométriques de distance compatible avec les opérations de l'algèbre linéaire. Développée notamment par David Hilbert et Stefan Banach, cette notion est fondamentale en analyse et plus particulièrement en analyse fonctionnelle, avec l'utilisation d'espaces de Banach tels que les espaces.
|
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Khufu
|
Khéops
|
Khufu (, full name Khnum Khufu (), known to the ancient Greeks as Cheops) was an ancient Egyptian monarch who was the second pharaoh of the Fourth Dynasty, in the first half of the Old Kingdom period (26th century BC). Khufu succeeded his father Sneferu as king. He is generally accepted as having commissioned the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, but many other aspects of his reign are poorly documented.
|
Khéops est le deuxième roi de la de l'Ancien Empire. Il aurait régné aux alentours de 2600 avant notre ère, et aurait ainsi succédé à Snéfrou et précédé Djédefrê. Il est le commanditaire de la Grande Pyramide à Gizeh mais de nombreux autres aspects de son règne sont peu documentés.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Mesopotamia
|
Mésopotamie
|
Mesopotamia ( "", ) is a historical region of Western Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.
|
La Mésopotamie (du grec, de, « entre, au milieu de », et, « fleuves », littéralement le pays « entre les fleuves ») est une région historique du Moyen-Orient située entre le Tigre et l'Euphrate. Elle correspond pour sa plus grande part à l'Irak actuel.
|
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Emily Brontë
|
Emily Brontë
|
Emily Jane Brontë (, ; 30 July 1818 – 19 December 1848) was an English novelist and poet who is best known for her only novel, "Wuthering Heights", now considered a classic of English literature. She also published one book of poetry with her sisters Charlotte and Anne titled "Poems by Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell" with her own poems finding regard as poetic genius. Emily was the third-eldest of the four surviving Brontë siblings, between the youngest Anne and her brother Branwell. She published under the pen name Ellis Bell.
|
Emily Jane Brontë ( Thornton – Haworth) est une poétesse et romancière britannique, sœur de Charlotte Brontë et d'Anne Brontë. "Les Hauts de Hurlevent" (""), son unique roman, est considéré comme un classique de la littérature anglaise et mondiale.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Reincarnation
|
Réincarnation
|
Reincarnation is the philosophical or religious belief that the non-physical essence of a living being starts a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death. It is also called rebirth or transmigration.
|
La réincarnation ("retour dans la chair") désigne un processus de survivance après la mort par lequel un certain principe immatériel et individuel (« âme », « substance vitale », « conscience individuelle », « énergie », voire « esprit ») accomplirait des passages de vies successives dans différents corps (humains, animaux ou végétaux, selon les théories). À la mort du corps physique, l'« âme » quitte ce dernier pour habiter, après une nouvelle naissance, un autre corps.
|
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Flag of Vatican City
|
Drapeau du Vatican
|
The flag of Vatican City was adopted on 7 June 1929, the year Pope Pius XI signed the Lateran Treaty with Italy, creating a new independent state governed by the Holy See. The Vatican flag is modeled on the 1808 yellow and white flag of the earlier Papal States, to which a papal tiara and keys were later added. The Vatican (and the Holy See) also refer to it, interchangeably, as the flag of the Holy See.
|
Le drapeau du Vatican est adopté le, l'année durant laquelle le pape Pie XI signe les accords du Latran avec l'Italie et la création du nouvel état de la Cité du Vatican, indépendant et régi par le Saint-Siège. Le drapeau du Vatican est calqué sur les drapeaux antérieurs des États pontificaux.
|
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Mehet-Weret
|
Methyer
|
Mehet-Weret or Mehturt () is an ancient Egyptian deity of the sky in ancient Egyptian religion. Her name means "Great Flood".
|
Methyer est le nom que donna Plutarque à la déesse dont le nom égyptien est Mehetouret. C'est une déesse maternelle à tête de vache portant la coiffe hathorique. Son nom pouvait signifier « la Grande Nageuse » et elle personnifiait l'océan primordial qui mit naissance à Rê. Elle est assimilée à Neith, Hathor mais aussi Isis.
|
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Brigade
|
Brigade
|
A brigade is a major tactical military formation that is typically composed of three to six battalions plus supporting elements. It is roughly equivalent to an enlarged or reinforced regiment. Two or more brigades may constitute a division.
|
Une brigade est une unité militaire. Elle est commandée par un brigadier ou brigadier général (Royaume-Uni, Suisse, Canada), par un colonel (Israël, Indonésie, États-Unis), par un général de brigade (France, Espagne, Turquie, Allemagne) ou par un major-général (Portugal, Brésil, Japon, Taïwan).
|
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Naples
|
Naples
|
Naples (; ; ; ) is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy after Rome and Milan with a population of 967,069 within the city's administrative limits as of 2017. Its province-level municipality is the third-most populous metropolitan area in Italy with a population of 3,115,320 residents, and its continuously built-up metropolitan area (that stretches beyond the boundaries of the Metropolitan City of Naples) is the second-most populous metropolitan area in Italy and one of the most densely populated cities in Europe.
|
Naples (en italien ', en napolitain ') est une ville d'Italie, chef-lieu de la région de Campanie. Elle est la troisième ville d'Italie par sa population et la dix-huitième de l'Union européenne ainsi que respectivement la deuxième (devant Rome) et la neuvième en incluant sa banlieue. C'est aussi la deuxième plus grande cité méditerranéenne en Europe, après Barcelone.
|
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Digital subscriber line
|
Digital subscriber line
|
Digital subscriber line (DSL; originally digital subscriber loop) is a family of technologies that are used to transmit digital data over telephone lines. In telecommunications marketing, the term DSL is widely understood to mean asymmetric digital subscriber line (ADSL), the most commonly installed DSL technology, for Internet access.
|
Le terme, DSL ou encore xDSL (signifiant « ligne d'accès numérique » ou « ligne numérique d'abonné ») renvoie à l'ensemble des techniques mises en place pour un transport numérique de l'information sur une ligne de raccordement filaire téléphonique ou liaisons spécialisées.
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Tikhvin Cemetery
|
Cimetière Tikhvine
|
Tikhvin Cemetery () is a historic cemetery in the centre of Saint Petersburg. It is part of the Alexander Nevsky Lavra, and is one of four cemeteries in the complex. Since 1932 it has been part of the, which refers to it as the Necropolis of the Masters of Art ().
|
Le cimetière Tikhvine (en, "Tikhvinskoïe kladbichtche") se trouve à Saint-Pétersbourg, près du monastère de la Sainte-Trinité Alexandre Nevski. Il fut établi en 1823 et y sont enterrés de grands représentants des arts russes.
|
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Parterre
|
Parterre (jardinage)
|
A parterre is a formal garden constructed on a level substrate, consisting of plant beds, typically in symmetrical patterns, which are separated and connected by paths. The borders of the plant beds may be formed with stone or tightly pruned hedging, and their interiors may be planted with flowers or other plants or filled with mulch or gravel. The paths are constituted with gravel or turf grass.
|
Un parterre est la partie dégagée et plane d'un jardin d'agrément ou d'un parc formant par sa composition un ensemble décoratif. Régulièrement divisé par des allées en compartiments et en plates-bandes bordés de pierre ou de haies rigoureusement taillées, il est essentiellement garni de fleurs, herbes et arbustes. Généralement situé face au bâtiment principal d'une résidence ou à l'intérieur d'un jardin public, sa composition est complétée par des surfaces variées (gazon, chemin de gravier), corbeilles, bordures de fleurs, parfois des sculptures, fontaines, terrasses surélevées, pièces d'eau ou bassins, toujours dans un but esthétique et ornemental.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Computer multitasking
|
Multitâche
|
In computing, multitasking is the concurrent execution of multiple tasks (also known as processes) over a certain period of time. New tasks can interrupt already started ones before they finish, instead of waiting for them to end. As a result, a computer executes segments of multiple tasks in an interleaved manner, while the tasks share common processing resources such as central processing units (CPUs) and main memory. Multitasking automatically interrupts the running program, saving its state (partial results, memory contents and computer register contents) and loading the saved state of another program and transferring control to it. This "context switch" may be initiated at fixed time intervals (pre-emptive multitasking), or the running program may be coded to signal to the supervisory software when it can be interrupted (cooperative multitasking).
|
Un système d'exploitation est multitâche () s’il permet d’exécuter, de façon apparemment simultanée, plusieurs programmes informatiques. On parle également de "multiprogrammation".
|
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28966,
2320,
740,
2
] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Conversion of units
|
Conversion des unités
|
Conversion of units is the conversion between different units of measurement for the same quantity, typically through multiplicative conversion factors.
|
La conversion des unités est un ensemble d'opérations ou de tables qui permet de connaître les équivalences entre plusieurs systèmes d'unités, ou entre plusieurs multiples ou sous-multiples d'une même unité.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Ken Thompson
|
Ken Thompson
|
Kenneth Lane Thompson (born February 4, 1943) is an American pioneer of computer science. Thompson worked at Bell Labs for most of his career where he designed and implemented the original Unix operating system. He also invented the B programming language, the direct predecessor to the C programming language, and was one of the creators and early developers of the Plan 9 operating system. Since 2006, Thompson has worked at Google, where he co-invented the Go programming language.
|
Kenneth Lane Thompson dit Ken Thompson (né le à La Nouvelle-Orléans) est un informaticien américain, concepteur des systèmes UNIX et Plan 9 ainsi que des langages B et Go.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Point-to-Point Protocol
|
Point-to-Point Protocol
|
In computer networking, Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) is a data link layer (layer 2) communications protocol between two routers directly without any host or any other networking in between. It can provide connection authentication, transmission encryption, and compression.
|
Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP, "protocole point à point") est un protocole de transmission pour internet, décrit par le standard, fortement basé sur HDLC, qui permet d'établir une connexion entre deux hôtes sur une liaison point à point. Il fait partie de la couche liaison de données (couche 2) du modèle OSI.
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Volkovo Cemetery
|
Cimetière Volkovo
|
The Volkovo Cemetery (also Volkovskoe) ( or Во́лково кла́дбище) is one of the largest and oldest non-Orthodox cemeteries in Saint Petersburg, Russia. Until the early 20th century it was one of the main burial grounds for Lutheran Germans in Russia. It is estimated that over 100,000 people have been buried at this cemetery since 1773.
|
Le cimetière Volkovo ou Volkovskoïe est un cimetière situé dans la partie méridionale de Saint-Pétersbourg, en Russie. Il doit son nom à l'ancien village de Volkovaïa et de la rivière Volkovka à proximité.
|
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Asynchronous transfer mode
|
Asynchronous Transfer Mode
|
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a telecommunications standard defined by ANSI and ITU (formerly CCITT) for digital transmission of multiple types of traffic, including telephony (voice), data, and video signals in one network without the use separate overlay networks. ATM was developed to meet the needs of the Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network, as defined in the late 1980s, and designed to integrate telecommunication networks. It can handle both traditional high-throughput data traffic and real-time, low-latency content such as voice and video. ATM provides functionality that uses features of circuit switching and packet switching networks. It uses asynchronous time-division multiplexing, and encodes data into small, fixed-sized network packets.
|
Le terme anglais "" ou ATM (en français « mode de transfert asynchrone ») est un protocole réseau de « niveau réseau » au sens du « modèle OSI » à commutation de cellules, qui a pour objectif de multiplexer différents flots de données sur un même lien physique en utilisant une technique de TDM ou MRT (multiplexage à répartition dans le temps).
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
RC4
|
RC4
|
In cryptography, RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4 also known as ARC4 or ARCFOUR meaning Alleged RC4, see below) is a stream cipher. While it is remarkable for its simplicity and speed in software, multiple vulnerabilities have been discovered in RC4, rendering it insecure. It is especially vulnerable when the beginning of the output keystream is not discarded, or when nonrandom or related keys are used. Particularly problematic uses of RC4 have led to very insecure protocols such as WEP.
|
RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4) est un algorithme de chiffrement en continu conçu en 1987 par Ronald Rivest, l'un des inventeurs du RSA, pour les Laboratoires RSA. Il est supporté par différentes normes, par exemple dans TLS (anciennement SSL) ou encore WEP.
|
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Okapi
|
Okapi
|
The okapi (; "Okapia johnstoni"), also known as the forest giraffe, Congolese giraffe, or zebra giraffe, is an artiodactyl mammal native to the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Central Africa. Although the okapi has striped markings reminiscent of zebras, it is most closely related to the giraffe. The okapi and the giraffe are the only living members of the family Giraffidae.
|
L’okapi (Okapia johnstoni), aussi connu sous le nom de Mondonga, est une espèce de mammifères ruminants de la même famille que la girafe, venant des forêts équatoriales de l'Afrique centrale. Bien que connu par les Pygmées, il est « découvert » en 1901 par Sir Harry Johnston à qui il doit son nom. C’est l'un des derniers grands mammifères à être, tardivement, scientifiquement décrit.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Cheboksary
|
Tcheboksary
|
Cheboksary (; ;, "Šupaškar") is the capital city of Chuvashia, Russia and a port on the Volga River. Population:
|
Tcheboksary (en ; en ) est la capitale de la Tchouvachie, une république de la fédération de Russie. Sa population s’élevait à en 2014.
|
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Paleozoic
|
Paléozoïque
|
The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era ( ; from the Greek "palaiós" (), "old" and "zōḗ" (), "life", meaning "ancient life") is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon. It is the longest of the Phanerozoic eras, lasting from, and is subdivided into six geologic periods (from oldest to youngest): the Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Devonian, Carboniferous, and Permian. The Paleozoic comes after the Neoproterozoic Era of the Proterozoic Eon and is followed by the Mesozoic Era.
|
Le Paléozoïque, du grec ancien / () et / (), est une ère géologique qui s'étend de -541 à -252,2 millions d'années. Anciennement appelée "Ère Primaire" (ou "Ère des Poissons"), elle est la première ère du Phanérozoïque.
|
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Sauron
|
Sauron
|
Sauron is the title character and the main antagonist of J. R. R. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings", where he rules the land of Mordor and has the ambition of ruling the whole of Middle-earth.
|
Instigateur de la création des Anneaux de Pouvoir, il donne son titre au plus célèbre roman de l'auteur, "Le Seigneur des anneaux". À l'origine un Maia (esprit) corrompu par Morgoth, Sauron est l'ennemi principal du roman, et cherche à tout prix à retrouver l'Unique, aidé de ses fidèles et terribles serviteurs, les Nazgûl.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Dugong
|
Dugong
|
The dugong (; "Dugong dugon") is a medium-sized marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest modern relative, Steller's sea cow ("Hydrodamalis gigas"), was hunted to extinction in the 18th century. The dugong is the only strictly herbivorous marine mammal.
|
Le dugong (Dugong dugon), du malais "", est une espèce de mammifères marins herbivores au corps fuselé, vivant sur les littoraux de l'océan Indien de l'océan Pacifique ouest et de la mer Rouge (Marsa Alam, Qseir). Il fait partie, avec les trois espèces de lamantins, de l'ordre des siréniens.
|
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United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission
|
Commission de contrôle, de vérification et d'inspection des Nations unies
|
The United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) was created through the adoption of United Nations Security Council resolution 1284 of 17 December 1999 and its mission lasted until June 2007.
|
La Commission de contrôle, de vérification et d'inspection des Nations unies (COCOVINU) était un organe subsidiaire du Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies chargé de l'inspection des armes en Irak.
|
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Triassic
|
Trias
|
The Triassic ( ) is a geologic period and system which spans 50.6 million years from the end of the Permian Period 251.9 million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Jurassic Period Mya. The Triassic is the first and shortest period of the Mesozoic Era. Both the start and end of the period are marked by major extinction events. The Triassic period is subdivided into three epochs: Early Triassic, Middle Triassic and Late Triassic.
|
Le Trias est un système géologique, subdivision de l'ère Mésozoïque comprise entre et millions d'années. Le Trias est précédé par le Permien et suivi par le Jurassique.
|
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The Smurfs
|
Les Schtroumpfs
|
The Smurfs (; ) is a Belgian comic franchise centered on a fictional colony of small, blue, human-like creatures who live in mushroom-shaped houses in the forest. "The Smurfs" was first created and introduced as a series of comic characters by the Belgian comics artist Peyo (the pen name of Pierre Culliford) in 1958, wherein they were known as "Les Schtroumpfs". There are more than 100 Smurf characters, and their names are based on adjectives that emphasise their characteristics, such as "Jokey Smurf", who likes to play practical jokes on his fellow smurfs. "Smurfette" was the first female Smurf to be introduced in the series. The Smurfs wear Phrygian caps, which came to represent freedom during the modern era.
|
Les Schtroumpfs est une série de bande dessinée jeunesse belge créée par Peyo en 1958 racontant l'histoire d'un peuple imaginaire de petites créatures bleues logeant dans un village champignon au milieu d'une vaste forêt. Les seize premiers albums ont été publiés par leur créateur. Depuis sa mort le, son fils Thierry Culliford dirige l'édition des nouveaux albums.
|
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Bull
|
Taureau
|
A bull is an intact (i.e., not castrated) adult male of the species "Bos taurus". More muscular and aggressive than the female of the species, the cow, the bull has long been an important symbol in many cultures, and plays a significant role in beef ranching, dairy farming, and a variety of other cultural activities, including bull fighting and bull riding.
|
Taureau est le nom vernaculaire donné au mâle de l'espèce "Bos taurus", un mammifère domestique ruminant, généralement porteur de cornes sur le front, appartenant à la famille des Bovidés. Sa femelle est la vache. Il est utilisé principalement pour la reproduction dans l'élevage laitier, de plus en plus par insémination artificielle, pour la production de viande bovine (élevage de taurillons) et pour des sports comme les courses de taureaux ou le rodéo. C'est un animal très présent dans la culture, notamment dans l'art de la tauromachie.
|
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Abbé Pierre
|
Abbé Pierre
|
Abbé Pierre, OFM Cap, (born Henri Marie Joseph Grouès; 5 August 1912 – 22 January 2007) was a French Catholic priest, member of the Resistance during World War II, and deputy of the Popular Republican Movement (MRP). "Abbé" is a courtesy title given to Catholic priests in French-speaking countries.
|
Henri Grouès, dit l’abbé Pierre, né le à Lyon et mort le dans le de Paris, est un prêtre catholique français, d'abord capucin, puis du diocèse de Grenoble (1939), résistant, puis député, fondateur du mouvement Emmaüs (organisation non confessionnelle de lutte contre l'exclusion) comprenant la Fondation Abbé-Pierre pour le logement des défavorisés et de nombreuses autres associations, fondations et entreprises de l'économie sociale en France.
|
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Mesozoic
|
Mésozoïque
|
The Mesozoic Era ( ) is an interval of geological time from about. It is also called the Age of Reptiles and the Age of Conifers.
|
Le Mésozoïque (du grec (« moyen, médian ») et (« animalier »)), anciennement appelé Ère secondaire ou Ère des Reptiles, est une ère géologique qui s'étend de, au cours de laquelle apparaissent de nombreuses espèces de mammifères et de dinosaures.
|
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Oberon (programming language)
|
Oberon (langage)
|
Oberon is a general-purpose programming language first published in 1987 by Niklaus Wirth and the latest member of the Wirthian family of ALGOL-like languages (Euler, Algol-W, Pascal, Modula, and Modula-2). Oberon was the result of a concentrated effort to increase the power of Modula-2, the direct successor of Pascal, and simultaneously to reduce its complexity. Its principal new feature is the concept of type extension of record types: It permits the construction of new data types on the basis of existing ones and to relate them, deviating from the dogma of strictly static data typing. Type extension is Wirth's way of inheritance reflecting the viewpoint of the parent site. Oberon was developed as part of the implementation of the Oberon operating system at ETH Zurich in Switzerland. The name is from the moon of Uranus, Oberon.
|
Oberon (alias Oberon-1) est un langage de programmation développé par Niklaus Wirth et Jürg Gutknecht de 1985 à 1987. Quoique le langage soit basé sur Modula-2 — dont Wirth est l'auteur —, plusieurs propriétés ont été éliminées et l'extension de type, en outre, fut introduite.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Cretaceous
|
Crétacé
|
The Cretaceous (, ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. The name is derived from the Latin "creta", 'chalk'. It is usually abbreviated K, for its German translation "Kreide".
|
Le Crétacé est une période géologique qui s’étend d'environ. Elle se termine avec la disparition des dinosaures non aviens, des ammonites et de nombreuses autres formes de vie. Cette période est la troisième et dernière de l’ère Mésozoïque ; elle suit le Jurassique et précède le Paléogène.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Persistence (computer science)
|
Persistance (informatique)
|
In computer science, persistence refers to the characteristic of state that outlives the process that created it. This is achieved in practice by storing the state as data in computer data storage. Programs have to transfer data to and from storage devices and have to provide mappings from the native programming-language data structures to the storage device data structures.
|
En programmation, la gestion de la persistance des données (en anglais : "persistence") et parfois des "états d'un programme" réfère au mécanisme responsable de la sauvegarde et de la restauration des données. Ces mécanismes font en sorte qu'un programme puisse se terminer sans que ses données et son état d'exécution ne soient perdus.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Satyricon (band)
|
Satyricon (groupe)
|
Satyricon is a Norwegian black metal band, formed in 1991 in Oslo. Satyr and Frost have been the band's core members since 1993. The band's first three albums typify the Norwegian black metal style. Since its fourth album in 1999, the band has strayed from this style and included elements of traditional heavy metal in their sound. Satyricon was the first Norwegian black metal band to join a multi-national record label (EMI).
|
Satyricon est un groupe de black metal norvégien, originaire d'Oslo. Composé de Satyr et Frost, le groupe est formé en 1991. En 1993, Satyricon publie son premier album studio, intitulé ".
|
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Ice hockey
|
Hockey sur glace
|
Ice hockey is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score goals. The sport is known to be fast-paced and physical, with teams usually fielding six players at a time: one goaltender, and five players who skate the span of the ice trying to control the puck and score goals against the opposing team.
|
Le <dfn>hockey sur glace</dfn>, appelé le plus souvent hockey, est un sport d’équipe se jouant sur une patinoire spécialement aménagée. L’objectif de chaque équipe est de marquer des buts en envoyant un disque de caoutchouc vulcanisé, appelé rondelle ou palet, à l’intérieur du but adverse situé à une extrémité de la patinoire. L’équipe se compose de plusieurs lignes de cinq joueurs, qui se relaient sur la glace, ainsi que d'un gardien de but, qui se déplacent en patins à glace et manipulent la rondelle à l’aide d’un bâton de hockey également appelée crosse en France ou canne de hockey en Belgique et en Suisse.
|
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Point-to-point (telecommunications)
|
Liaison point à point
|
In telecommunications, a point-to-point connection refers to a communications connection between two communication endpoints or nodes. An example is a telephone call, in which one telephone is connected with one other, and what is said by one caller can only be heard by the other. This is contrasted with a "point-to-multipoint" or "broadcast" connection, in which many nodes can receive information transmitted by one node. Other examples of point-to-point communications links are leased lines and microwave radio relay.
|
Une liaison point à point est une liaison entre deux hôtes uniquement et qui n'est pas conçue pour être utilisée initialement dans un réseau. Il n'y a donc pas de notion native d'adresse réseau des deux hôtes, ni de contrôle avancé du flux.
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Féchy
|
Féchy
|
Féchy is a municipality located in the district of Morges of the Swiss canton of Vaud, in Romandy, the French-speaking part of the country.
|
Féchy est une commune suisse du canton de Vaud, située dans le district de Morges qui fait partie de La Côte.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
International Atomic Energy Agency
|
Agence internationale de l'énergie atomique
|
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. The IAEA was established as an autonomous organisation on 29 July 1957. Though established independently of the United Nations through its own international treaty, the IAEA Statute, the IAEA reports to both the United Nations General Assembly and Security Council.
|
LAgence internationale de l'énergie atomique (AIEA) est une organisation internationale, sous l'égide de l'ONU. Elle rend un rapport annuel à l'assemblée générale des Nations unies et à chaque fois que demandé par le Conseil de sécurité. Fondée en 1957 et basée au Vienna International Centre à Vienne (Autriche), elle cherche à promouvoir les usages pacifiques de l'énergie nucléaire et à limiter le développement de ses applications militaires.
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Israel Defense Forces
|
Armée de défense d'Israël
|
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF;, "lit." "The Army of Defense for Israel"; ), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym "Tzahal" (), are the military forces of the State of Israel. They consist of the ground forces, air force, and navy. It is the sole military wing of the Israeli security forces, and has no civilian jurisdiction within Israel. The IDF is headed by its Chief of General Staff, the "Ramatkal", subordinate to the Defense Minister of Israel; Lieutenant General ("Rav Aluf") Aviv Kochavi has served as Chief of Staff since January 15, 2019.
|
L’Armée de défense d'Israël (en hébreu "", ; et couramment désignée par l'acronyme "Tsahal", ; en anglais, "Israel Defense Forces" ou "IDF") est l'armée de l'État d'Israël.
|
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IPv4
|
IPv4
|
Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) is the fourth version of the Internet Protocol (IP). It is one of the core protocols of standards-based internetworking methods in the Internet and other packet-switched networks. IPv4 was the first version deployed for production in the ARPANET in 1983. It still routes most Internet traffic today, despite the ongoing deployment of a successor protocol, IPv6. IPv4 is described in IETF publication RFC 791 (September 1981), replacing an earlier definition (RFC 760, January 1980).
|
IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) est la première version d'Internet Protocol (IP) à avoir été largement déployée, et qui forme encore en 2020 la base de la majorité des communications sur Internet, par rapport à l'IPv6. Elle est décrite dans la RFC 791 de, remplaçant la, définie en.
|
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Public works
|
Travaux publics
|
Public works are a broad category of infrastructure projects, financed and constructed by the government, for recreational, employment, and health and safety uses in the greater community. They include public buildings (municipal buildings, schools, hospitals), transport infrastructure (roads, railroads, bridges, pipelines, canals, ports, airports), public spaces (public squares, parks, beaches), public services (water supply and treatment, sewage treatment, electrical grid, dams), and other, usually long-term, physical assets and facilities. Though often interchangeable with public infrastructure and public capital, public works does not necessarily carry an economic component, thereby being a broader term.
|
Le terme travaux publics s'applique, par opposition aux travaux privés, aux infrastructures publiques. Il existe différents types de travaux :
|
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Jewish Cemetery, Warsaw
|
Cimetière juif de Varsovie
|
The Warsaw Jewish Cemetery is one of the largest Jewish cemeteries in Europe and in the world. Located on Warsaw's Okopowa Street and abutting the Christian Powązki Cemetery, the Jewish necropolis was established in 1806 and occupies 33 hectares (83 acres) of land. The cemetery contains over 250,000 marked graves, as well as mass graves of victims of the Warsaw Ghetto. Although the cemetery was closed down during World War II, after the war it was reopened and a small portion of it remains active, serving Warsaw's existing Jewish population.
|
Le cimetière juif de Varsovie, près du ghetto et à côté du cimetière protestant, est un des plus grands cimetières juifs d'Europe.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Roh Moo-hyun
|
Roh Moo-hyun
|
Roh Moo-hyun (; ) (1 September 1946 – 23 May 2009) was a South Korean politician who served as President of South Korea (2003–2008). Roh's pre-presidential political career was focused on human rights advocacy for student activists in South Korea. His electoral career later expanded to a focus on overcoming regionalism in South Korean politics, culminating in his election to the presidency. He achieved a large following among younger internet users, particularly at the website OhMyNews, which aided his success in the presidential election.
|
Roh Moo-hyun, né le à Gimhae, près de Busan (Corée du Sud), et mort le à Yangsan (Corée du Sud), est un homme d'État sud-coréen. Originaire d'une famille pauvre de fermiers, il a été président de la République du au, son mandat ayant été suspendu du au. Ciblé par des accusations de corruption, il s'est suicidé à l'âge de 62 ans en sautant d'une falaise, laissant derrière lui une brève lettre pour expliquer son geste.
|
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79147,
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Breviary of Alaric
|
Bréviaire d'Alaric
|
The Breviary of Alaric ("Breviarium Alaricianum" or "Lex Romana Visigothorum") is a collection of Roman law, compiled by unknown writers and approved by referendary Anianus on the order of Alaric II, King of the Visigoths, with the advice of his bishops and nobles. It was promulgated on 2 February 506, the 22nd year of his reign. It applied, not to the Visigothic nobles under their own law, which had been formulated by Euric, but to the Hispano-Roman and Gallo-Roman population, living under Visigoth rule south of the Loire and, in Book 16, to the members of the Trinitarian Catholic Church. (The Visigoths were Arian and maintained their own clergy.)
|
Le Bréviaire d'Alaric (latin : "breviarium alarici" ou "breviarium alaricianum", c'est-à-dire "abrégé d'Alaric"), appelé aussi code Alaric, est un recueil de droit romain promulgué par le roi wisigoth Alaric II, en 506. Cette dénomination n'apparaît qu'au pour remplacer "lex romana visigothorum". Il s'agit principalement d'une compilation et d'une interprétation du Code de Théodose (438), faite par Anien destinée aux sujets gallo-romains et romano-hispaniques des Wisigoths.
|
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Aranese dialect
|
Aranais
|
Aranese () is a standardized form of the Pyrenean Gascon variety of the Occitan language spoken in the Val d'Aran, in northwestern Catalonia close to the Spanish border with France, where it is one of the three official languages beside Catalan and Spanish. In 2010, it was declared the third official language in Catalonia by the Parliament of Catalonia.
|
L’aranais ( ; ; ) est le nom donné à la variété de la langue occitane (dialecte gascon) parlé dans le Val d'Aran, en Catalogne.
|
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Network address translation
|
Network address translation
|
Network address translation (NAT) is a method of remapping an IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. The technique was originally used to avoid the need to assign a new address to every host when a network was moved, or when the upstream Internet service provider was replaced, but could not route the networks address space. It has become a popular and essential tool in conserving global address space in the face of IPv4 address exhaustion. One Internet-routable IP address of a NAT gateway can be used for an entire private network.
|
En réseau informatique, on dit qu'un routeur fait du (NAT) (« traduction d'adresse réseau » ou « translation d'adresse réseau ») lorsqu'il fait correspondre des adresses IP à d'autres adresses IP. En particulier, un cas courant est de permettre à des machines disposant d'adresses privées qui font partie d'un intranet et ne sont ni uniques ni routables à l'échelle d'Internet, de communiquer avec le reste d'Internet en utilisant vers l'extérieur des adresses externes publiques, uniques et routables.
|
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Jean-Pierre Léaud
|
Jean-Pierre Léaud
|
Jean-Pierre Léaud, ComM (; born 28 May 1944) is a French actor, best known for playing Antoine Doinel in François Truffaut's series of films about that character, beginning with "The 400 Blows" ("Les Quatre Cents Coups", 1959). He also worked several times with Jean-Luc Godard and Aki Kaurismäki. He is a significant figure of the French New Wave.
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Jean-Pierre Léaud est un acteur français, né le à Paris. À l'âge de quatorze ans, il est révélé par François Truffaut qui lui confie le rôle d'Antoine Doinel, le héros turbulent du film "Les Quatre Cents Coups". À la suite de ce film, il fait sensation au festival de Cannes 1959 et Jean Cocteau, son président d'honneur, l'engage aussitôt pour "Le Testament d'Orphée".
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1,
1,
1,
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1,
1,
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1,
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1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
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1,
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1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
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1,
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1,
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1,
1,
1,
1,
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1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
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1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
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1,
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1,
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1,
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1,
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1,
1,
1,
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1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
1,
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] |
[
250008,
16162,
9,
196243,
36060,
11,
1674,
437,
51,
6,
132987,
43054,
4,
18673,
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253,
7270,
5,
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2799,
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731,
7210,
4,
211,
437,
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334,
50763,
366,
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19419,
17123,
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569,
1869,
17438,
13,
95,
76733,
104,
25,
7251,
188,
1212,
984,
73,
583,
4,
95,
10128,
232,
243151,
115,
1346,
44,
68016,
19559,
2921,
81366,
7,
1311,
74854,
740,
19597,
21,
14947,
8,
405,
1346,
4,
211,
3193,
129357,
531,
8395,
8,
113501,
41722,
82,
16162,
1311,
15390,
8918,
4,
775,
77057,
104,
25,
160945,
4,
96,
25,
97673,
5206,
71670,
18,
578,
44,
5267,
65295,
104,
25,
19060,
11727,
4170,
740,
2
] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
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