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Section carrément anti Le Pen | Section carrément anti-Le Pen | The Section carrément anti-Le Pen (SCALP; "Absolutely anti-Le Pen group") is a French anti-fascist and anarchist group, formed in Toulouse in 1984 as a manifestation of the autonomist movement. | Les Sections carrément anti-Le Pen (abrégées en SCALP) constituent un réseau français antifasciste radical et libertaire, positionné à l'extrême gauche. | [
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Ernest Fox Nichols | Ernest Fox Nichols | Ernest Fox Nichols (June 1, 1869 – April 29, 1924) was an American educator and physicist. He served as the 10th President of Dartmouth College. | Ernest Fox Nichols, né à Leavenworth (Kansas) le et mort à Washington le, est un physicien américain. Il travailla en particulier sur la mesure de la pression de radiation (1901) et démontra la similitude des rayons infrarouges avec les ondes hertziennes (1923). Ces travaux lui valurent le prix Rumford en 1904. Il fut président du Dartmouth College (New Hampshire) de 1909 à 1916. | [
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Marshall, Texas | Marshall (Texas) | Marshall is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Harrison County and a cultural and educational center of the Ark-La-Tex region. At the 2010 U.S. census, the population of Marshall was 23,523; in 2019 it decreased to an estimated 22,831. The population of the Greater Marshall area, comprising all of Harrison County, was 65,631 in 2010, and 66,726 in 2018. | Marshall est une ville des États-Unis dans le nord-est de l'État du Texas. Marshall comptait en 2010. Elle a été fondée en 1841 dans la République du Texas. Marshall est la ville principale dans le comté de Harrison. En décembre, un festival des lumières est célébré. | [
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Saint-Gilles, Belgium | Saint-Gilles (Bruxelles) | Saint-Gilles () or Sint-Gillis () is one of the nineteen municipalities located in the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium. It is bordered by the City of Brussels, Anderlecht, Forest and Ixelles. | Saint-Gilles (en néerlandais "Sint-Gillis") ou Saint-Gilles-lez-Bruxelles (en néerlandais "Sint-Gillis-Obbrussel", en latin "Municipium Sancti Ægydii Obbruxelæ") est l'une des 581 communes de Belgique et une des 19 communes de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale. Elle est officiellement bilingue comme toutes les communes de Bruxelles-Capitale. | [
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Orléanist | Orléanisme | Orléanist () was a 19th-century French political label originally used by those who supported a constitutional monarchy, expressed by the House of Orléans. Due to the radical political changes that occurred during that century in France, three different phases of Orléanism can be identified: | L’orléanisme est un mouvement politique français, apparu au et qui se décline sous deux formes, en deux périodes distinctes : | [
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Robert Bresson | Robert Bresson | Robert Bresson (; 25 September 1901 – 18 December 1999) was a French film director. Known for his ascetic approach, Bresson contributed notably to the art of cinema; his non-professional actors, ellipses, and sparse use of scoring have led his works to be regarded as preeminent examples of minimalist film. | Robert Bresson est un cinéaste français, né le à Bromont-Lamothe (Puy-de-Dôme) et mort le à Droue-sur-Drouette (Eure-et-Loir). Il a réalisé treize longs métrages et a rédigé un essai important sur le cinéma intitulé "Notes sur le cinématographe". Il a notamment reçu le prix de la mise en scène du Festival de Cannes en 1957 pour "Un condamné à mort s'est échappé", le Grand prix de création en 1983 pour "L'Argent", le prix du jury en 1962 pour "Procès de Jeanne d'Arc", l'Ours d'argent au Festival de Berlin pour "Le Diable probablement" en 1977, et le Lion d'honneur à la carrière en 1989 au Festival de Venise. | [
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Document | Document | A document is a written, drawn, presented, or memorialized representation of thought, often the manifestation of non-fictional, as well as fictional, content. The word originates from the Latin "Documentum", which denotes a "teaching" or "lesson": the verb "doceō" denotes "to teach". In the past, the word was usually used to denote written proof useful as evidence of a truth or fact. In the computer age, "document" usually denotes a primarily textual computer file, including its structure and format, e.g. fonts, colors, and images. Contemporarily, "document" is not defined by its transmission medium, e.g., paper, given the existence of electronic documents. "Documentation" is distinct because it has more denotations than "document". Documents are also distinguished from "realia", which are three-dimensional objects that would otherwise satisfy the definition of "document" because they memorialize or represent thought; documents are considered more as 2-dimensional representations. While documents can have large varieties of customization, all documents can be shared freely and have the right to do so, creativity can be represented by documents, also. History, events, examples, opinions, etc. all can be expressed in documents. | Un document renvoie à un ensemble formé par un support et une information (le contenu), celle-ci enregistrée de manière persistante. Il a une valeur explicative, descriptive ou de preuve. Vecteur matériel de la pensée humaine, il joue un rôle essentiel dans la plupart des sociétés contemporaines, tant pour le fonctionnement de leurs administrations que dans l'élaboration de leurs savoirs. Témoin de son époque pour l'historien, pièce à conviction pour le juge, le document pose toujours le problème de sa véracité, mais plus encore de ce qu'il révèle indépendamment de son énoncé ou de son illustration. | [
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Book | Livre (document) | A book is a medium for recording information in the form of writing or images, typically composed of many pages (made of papyrus, parchment, vellum, or paper) bound together and protected by a cover. The technical term for this physical arrangement is "codex" (plural, "codices"). In the history of hand-held physical supports for extended written compositions or records, the codex replaces its immediate predecessor, the scroll. A single sheet in a codex is a leaf, and each side of a leaf is a page. | Un livre est un document écrit formant unité et conçu comme tel, composé de pages reliées les unes aux autres. Il a pour fonction d'être un support de l'écriture, permettant la diffusion et la conservation de textes de nature variée. | [
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Right-wing politics | Droite (politique) | Right-wing politics holds the view that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable, natural, normal, or desirable, typically supporting this position on the basis of natural law, economics, or tradition. Hierarchy and inequality may be viewed as natural results of traditional social differences or the competition in market economies. The term "right-wing" can generally refer to "the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system". | En politique, le terme de droite désigne à l'origine la partie droite de l'Assemblée nationale dans l'hémicycle, vu de la place de son président, en France. À l'époque de la Révolution française, les fidèles au régime en place se plaçaient à droite car symboliquement la droite représentait dans la tradition ce qui était préférable et devait servir de règle. On retrouve notamment ce sens à travers les expressions : « Être assis à la droite du père » et « Être le bras droit de quelqu'un ». En latin, « "dexter" » veut d'ailleurs dire « à droite » ou « favorable », tandis que « "sinister" » est « à gauche » ou de « mauvais augure ». | [
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Matilda of Flanders | Mathilde de Flandre | Matilda of Flanders (; ) ( 1031 – 2 November 1083) was Queen of England and Duchess of Normandy by marriage to William the Conqueror, and regent of Normandy during his absences from the dukedom. She was the mother of ten children who survived to adulthood, including two kings, William II and Henry I. | Mathilde de Flandre (vers 1031 –, Caen), fut l'épouse de Guillaume le Conquérant, et à ce titre duchesse de Normandie et reine d'Angleterre. | [
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Centrism | Centrisme | In politics, centrism is a political outlook or specific position that involves acceptance or support of a balance of a degree of social equality and a degree of social hierarchy, while opposing political changes which would result in a significant shift of society strongly to either the left or the right. | Le centrisme est un terme utilisé en science politique pour désigner une position défendant un équilibre ou un compromis entre l'idéal de l'égalitarisme et la nécessité d'une hiérarchie sociale, conduisant dans les faits à une modération entre interventionnisme et laissez-faire sur le plan économique, ainsi qu'entre progressisme et conservatisme sur le plan sociétal et culturel. | [
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Pan-European nationalism | Nationalisme européen | European nationalism (sometimes called pan-European nationalism) is a form of nationalism based on a pan-European identity explicitly advocated by a number of neo-fascist splinter groups in the 1950s. It is considered minor since the National Party of Europe disintegrated in the 1970s. | Le nationalisme européen, nationalisme pan-européen ou pan-européanisme est une mouvance politique favorable à la création d'une nation européenne (Europe-Nation unitaire) ou d'une confédération européenne (Europe fédérale). Le nombre de sympathisants est incalculable du fait qu'il n'existe aucun mouvement à l'heure actuelle capable de se présenter à des élections. Le terme apparemment inventé par Hannah Arendt en 1954 pour une idéologie (hypothétique ou postulée) du nationalisme fondée sur une identité paneuropéenne. Arendt a averti qu'un « nationalisme paneuropéen » pourrait découler de la culture du sentiment anti-américain en Europe. | [
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Parti Communautaire National-Européen | Parti communautaire national-européen | The Parti communautaire national-européen (PCN) is a Belgium-based political organisation led by Luc Michel, a former member of the neo-Nazi FANE party. A largely National Bolshevik movement, it also has activists in France. | Le Parti communautaire national-européen (PCN) est une micro-organisation politique national-bolchévique belge. Elle a été fondée en 1984 par Luc Michel. | [
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Politics of Liechtenstein | Politique au Liechtenstein | Liechtenstein is a principality governed under a constitutional monarchy. It has a form of mixed constitution in which political power is shared by the monarch and a democratically elected parliament. There is a two-party system (though there are two minor parties as well) and a form of representative democracy in which the prime minister and head of government is responsible to parliament. However the Prince of Liechtenstein is head of state and exercises considerable political powers. | Le Liechtenstein est une monarchie parlementaire. Le chef de l'État est le prince régnant Hans-Adam II de Liechtenstein, représenté par son fils le prince Alois de Liechtenstein depuis le avec le titre de "Stellvertreter". | [
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Weser | Weser | The Weser () is a river in Northwestern Germany. Formed at Hannoversch Münden by the confluence of the rivers Fulda and Werra, it flows through Lower Saxony, then reaching the Hanseatic city of Bremen, before emptying further north at Bremerhaven into the North Sea. On the opposite (west) bank is the town of Nordenham at the foot of the Butjadingen Peninsula; thus, the mouth of the river is in Lower Saxony. The Weser has an overall length of. Together with its Werra tributary, which originates in Thuringia, its length is. | La Weser (la Visurge en français) est un fleuve allemand né de la réunion de deux rivières, la Werra et la Fulda, qui confluent en Basse-Saxe à Hann. Münden. Après un parcours de, elle se jette dans la mer du Nord au niveau de Bremerhaven grâce à un grand estuaire, dans lequel se manifeste un phénomène de mascaret sur une longueur de. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Legitimists | Légitimisme | The Legitimists () are royalists who adhere to the rights of dynastic succession to the French crown of the descendants of the eldest branch of the Bourbon dynasty, which was overthrown in the 1830 July Revolution. They reject the claim of the July Monarchy of 1830–1848 which placed Louis Philippe, Duke of Orléans head of the Orléans cadet branch of the Bourbon dynasty on the throne until he too was dethroned and driven with his family into exile. | Le légitimisme est un mouvement politique français favorable au rétablissement de la royauté dans la personne de l’aîné des Capétiens, chef de la maison de Bourbon. | [
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Anderlecht | Anderlecht | Anderlecht (; ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region (Belgium). Located in the south-western part of the region, it is bordered by the City of Brussels, Forest, Molenbeek-Saint-Jean, and Saint-Gilles, as well as the Flemish municipalities of Dilbeek and Sint-Pieters-Leeuw. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch). | Anderlecht () est l'une des de Belgique et une des de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale. Comme toutes les communes de Bruxelles, elle est officiellement bilingue. | [
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History of Liechtenstein | Histoire du Liechtenstein | Political identity came to the territory now occupied by the Principality of Liechtenstein in 814, with the formation of the subcountry of Lower Rhætia. Liechtenstein's borders have remained unchanged since 1434, when the Rhine established the border between the Holy Roman Empire and the Swiss cantons. | Le territoire actuel du Liechtenstein constituait autrefois une petite partie de la province romaine de Rhétie. Avant l’avènement de la dynastie actuelle, la région était inféodée à une branche de la famille des Habsbourg. Si l’histoire du Liechtenstein en tant que principauté commence en 1719, lorsque l’empereur unifia la seigneurie de Schellenberg et le comté de Vaduz, l’histoire du pays remonte à des temps beaucoup plus anciens. | [
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Revolutionary nationalism | Nationalisme révolutionnaire | Revolutionary nationalism, also known as radical nationalism, is an ideological theory that calls for a national community united by a shared sense of purpose and destiny. It was first attributed to adherents of the revolutionary syndicalism and heavily promulgated by Benito Mussolini. This intellectual synthesis of "radical nationalism and dissident socialist" formed in France and Italy at the beginning of the 20th century. Revolutionary nationalism is sometimes identified with proletarian nationalism. | Le nationalisme révolutionnaire, également connu sous l'acronyme "NR", est un courant d'idées situé à l'extrême droite. Le nationalisme révolutionnaire, est une théorie idéologique qui appelle à créer une communauté nationale unie par un but et un destin partagé et est considéré comme une variante du nationalisme qui combine le conservatisme sociétal idéologiquement de droite, avec une économie fortement socialiste idéologiquement de gauche. | [
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Marxism | Marxisme | Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis that uses a materialist interpretation of historical development to understand class relations and social conflict, as well as a dialectical perspective to view social transformation. It originates from the works of 19th-century German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. As Marxism has developed over time into various branches and schools of thought, there is currently no single definitive Marxist theory. | Le marxisme est un courant de pensée politique, sociologique et économique fondé sur les idées de Karl Marx (et dans une moindre mesure de Friedrich Engels) et de ses continuateurs. Politiquement, le marxisme repose sur la participation au mouvement réel de la lutte des classes, afin de parvenir à une société sans classes en tant qu'étape succédant au capitalisme. | [
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Omnivore | Omnivore | An omnivore () is an animal that has the ability to eat and survive on both plant and animal matter. Obtaining energy and nutrients from plant and animal matter, omnivores digest carbohydrates, protein, fat, and fiber, and metabolize the nutrients and energy of the sources absorbed. Often, they have the ability to incorporate food sources such as algae, fungi, and bacteria into their diet. | Une espèce est dite omnivore quand son appareil digestif lui permet d'absorber des aliments d'origines végétale et animale. Cette caractéristique permet aux espèces omnivores d'adopter une alimentation « opportuniste », variable en fonction de la disponibilité des aliments. | [
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Integral nationalism | Nationalisme intégral | Integral nationalism () is a type of nationalism that originated in 19th-century France, was theorized by Charles Maurras and mainly expressed in the ultra-royalist circles of Action Française. The doctrine is also called Maurrassism. | Le nationalisme intégral, souvent désigné comme maurrassisme, est une idéologie politique théorisée par Charles Maurras au début du. Elle s'est principalement exprimée dans les cercles royalistes de l'Action française. La base de cette doctrine repose sur l'unité de la société. | [
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Leninism | Léninisme | Leninism is a political theory developed by Russian revolutionary Vladimir Lenin that proposes the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat, led by a revolutionary vanguard party, as the political prelude to the establishment of Communism. The function of the Leninist vanguard party is to provide the working classes with the political consciousness (education and organisation) and revolutionary leadership necessary to depose capitalism in the Russian Empire (1721–1917). Leninist revolutionary leadership is based upon "The Communist Manifesto" (1848) identifying the communist party as "the most advanced and resolute section of the working class parties of every country; that section which pushes forward all others." As the vanguard party, the Bolsheviks viewed history through the theoretical framework of dialectical materialism, which sanctioned political commitment to the successful overthrow of capitalism, and then to instituting socialism; and, as the revolutionary national government, to realize the socio-economic transition by all means. | Le léninisme est une philosophie politique de type marxiste se réclamant de Vladimir Ilitch Lénine, de ses écrits, de son action et de ses idées en matière d'organisation et de stratégie politiques. L'expression est d'abord apparue pour désigner les partisans de Lénine au sein du POSDR ; elle a ensuite désigné la pratique organisationnelle qui avait conduit au succès de la révolution d'Octobre, et a ensuite englobé dans son ensemble l'idéologie des bolcheviks, pour devenir la doctrine dominante du mouvement communiste durant le. | [
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Deer | Cervidae | Deer are the hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the fallow deer, and the chital; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer (caribou), the roe deer, and the moose. Female reindeer, and male deer of all species except the Chinese water deer, grow and shed new antlers each year. In this they differ from permanently horned antelope, which are part of a different family (Bovidae) within the same order of even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla). | Les cervidés (Cervidae, du latin "" « cerf », apparenté au grec, « cornu ») forment une famille de mammifères ruminants présentant un nombre pair de doigts. Elle comprend notamment les cerfs, les chevreuils, les rennes, les élans et les daims, ainsi que des espèces moins connues appelées pudus. | [
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Robert Curthose | Robert II de Normandie | Robert Curthose ( – 3 February 1134), sometimes called Robert II, succeeded his father William the Conqueror as Duke of Normandy in 1087 and reigned until 1106. Robert was also an unsuccessful claimant to the throne of the Kingdom of England. The epithet "Curthose" had its origins in the Norman French word "courtheuse"'short stockings' and was apparently derived from a nickname given to Robert by his father; the chroniclers William of Malmesbury and Orderic Vitalis reported that William the Conqueror had derisively called Robert "brevis-ocrea" ("short boot"). | Robert II de Normandie, dit Robert Courteheuse (vers 1051/1052 – février 1134, château de Cardiff), fut comte du Maine de 1063 à 1069, puis duc de Normandie de 1087 à 1106. Il fut aussi un prétendant malheureux au trône d'Angleterre. Son surnom de "Courteheuse" (anglo-normand pour Courte botte), parfois "Gamberon", provient de sa petite taille. Fils aîné de Guillaume le Conquérant, il hérita à sa mort du duché de Normandie (1087) mais se heurta aux ambitions de ses deux frères cadets, Guillaume le Roux et Henri Beauclerc, rois successifs d'Angleterre sous les noms de Guillaume II et Henri. En 1106, le second lui infligea une défaite à la bataille de Tinchebray et le captura. Robert termina sa vie comme prisonnier. L'historiographie anglo-normande le dépeint comme un prince faible et turbulent mais rappelle aussi ses exploits guerriers lors de la première croisade. | [
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Left-wing politics | Gauche (politique) | Left-wing politics supports social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. It typically involves a concern for those in society whom its adherents perceive as disadvantaged relative to others as well as a belief that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished. | En politique, l'usage consiste à diviser les partis politiques en catégories générales qui formalisent une division bipartisane. Dans l'ensemble du champ politique, les forces politiques sont : la gauche, la droite, le centre, l'extrême droite et l'extrême gauche. | [
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Sled | Traîneau | A sled, sledge, or sleigh is a land vehicle that slides across a surface, usually of ice or snow. It is built with either a smooth underside or a separate body supported by two or more smooth, relatively narrow, longitudinal runners similar in principle to skis. This reduces the amount of friction, which helps to carry heavy loads. | Le traîneau, ou traineau, désigne un véhicule au sens générique, très souvent sans roues et équipé de patins sous les rebords latéraux de la caisse ou du système de portage, véhicule simplement traîné en utilisant une force motrice animale ou humaine, c'est-à-dire tiré ou tracté, au sens premier du verbe traîner, par un ou plusieurs être(s) vivant(s) attelé(s). Au, avec la mutation des transports (bateaux à voile, chariots attelés) et surtout des équipements et infrastructures (ports, routes modernes) en liaison avec l'essor des industries manufacturières, ce mode de transport s'est raréfié ou cantonné à des milieux sociaux marginalisés, comme l'atteste à cette époque la perte souvent irrémédiable des vocables et termes spécifiques du traînage en de multiples langues d'Europe occidentale. | [
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Bill Murray | Bill Murray | William James Murray (born September 21, 1950) is an American actor, comedian, filmmaker, and writer. Known for his deadpan delivery, he first rose to fame on "Saturday Night Live", a series of performances that earned him his first Emmy Award, and later starred in comedy films—including "Meatballs" (1979), "Caddyshack" (1980), "Stripes" (1981), "Tootsie" (1982), "Ghostbusters" (1984), "Scrooged" (1988), "Ghostbusters II" (1989), "What About Bob?" (1991), and "Groundhog Day" (1993). He also co-directed "Quick Change" (1990). | William James Murray dit Bill Murray est un acteur, humoriste et réalisateur américain né le à Evanston (Illinois). Il est révélé au public par ses prestations comiques dans l'émission télévisée "Saturday Night Live" et joue ensuite dans plusieurs comédies à succès, dont "SOS Fantômes" et "Un jour sans fin". Il aborde par la suite d'autres registres, et son rôle dans "Lost in Translation" lui vaut plusieurs récompenses et une nomination à l'Oscar du meilleur acteur. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Fatehpur Sikri | Fatehpur-Sikri | Fatehpur Sikri is a town in the Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India. The city itself was founded as the capital of Mughal Empire in 1571 by Emperor Akbar, serving this role from 1571 to 1585, when Akbar abandoned it due to a campaign in Punjab and was later completely abandoned in 1610. | Fatehpur-Sikri (,, IAST : Fatehpur-Sikrī) est une ville de l'État de l'Uttar Pradesh en Inde. Elle fut la capitale impériale de l'Empire moghol de 1571 à 1584. Construite par l'empereur Akbar, parfaitement conservée depuis son abandon, elle est un témoignage remarquable de l'architecture indienne du. | [
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Louis Le Vau | Louis Le Vau | Louis Le Vau (1612 – 11 October 1670) was a French Baroque architect, who worked for Louis XIV of France. He was an architect that helped develop the French Classical style in the 17th Century. | Louis Le Vau, né à Paris en 1612 où il meurt le, est un architecte français. Contemporain des deux et de Jacques Lemercier, Louis Le Vau est l'un des créateurs du classicisme français (le style « Louis XIV ») qu'il sait marier avec le style baroque. Il crée un style caractérisé par la simplicité des constructions et l'élégance des décorations. Son plus grand ouvrage demeure le château de Vaux-le-Vicomte, bien qu'il travaille également sur les plans du château de Versailles. | [
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Hemoglobin | Hémoglobine | Hemoglobin (American English) or haemoglobin (British English) (Greek αἷμα (haîma, “blood”) + -in) + -o- + globulin (from Latin globus (“ball, sphere”) + -in) (), abbreviated Hb or Hgb, is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells (erythrocytes) of almost all vertebrates (the exception being the fish family Channichthyidae) as well as the tissues of some invertebrates. Hemoglobin in blood carries oxygen from the lungs or gills to the rest of the body (i.e. the tissues). There it releases the oxygen to permit aerobic respiration to provide energy to power the functions of the organism in the process called metabolism. A healthy individual has 12 to 20 grams of hemoglobin in every 100 ml of blood. | L'hémoglobine, couramment symbolisée par Hb, parfois Hgb, est un pigment respiratoire de la famille moléculaire des métalloprotéines contenant du fer, présent essentiellement dans le sang des vertébrés au sein de leurs globules rouges, ainsi que dans les tissus de certains invertébrés. Elle a pour fonction de transporter l'oxygène depuis l'appareil respiratoire (poumons, branchies) vers le reste de l'organisme. Elle libère l'oxygène dans les tissus afin d'y permettre la respiration cellulaire aérobie, laquelle, à travers le métabolisme, fournit l'énergie des processus biologiques essentiels à la vie. Chez l'humain, l'hémoglobine est une protéine hétéro-tétramérique formée de chaînes peptidiques identiques deux à deux. L'hémoglobine A (HbA) représente environ 95 % des molécules d'hémoglobines chez l'adulte, constituée de deux chaînes α et de deux chaînes β ; il existe également une hémoglobine A (HbA) de formule, et une hémoglobine F (HbF, fœtale) de formule. Chacune des quatre chaînes est associée à un groupe prosthétique appelé hème et constitué d'un cation de fer complexé avec une porphyrine. L'hémoglobine est donc une hémoprotéine. | [
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Château de Brissac | Château de Brissac | The Château de Brissac is a French château in the Brissac-Quincé area of the commune of Brissac Loire Aubance, located in the "département" of Maine-et-Loire, France. The property is owned by the Cossé-Brissac family, whose head bears the French noble title of Duke of Brissac. The château is listed as a "monument historique" by the French Ministry of Culture. | Le château de Brissac se trouve à Brissac Loire Aubance, dans le département de Maine-et-Loire, à quinze kilomètres d'Angers. Depuis le début du, il est la propriété et la résidence des ducs de Brissac. Il est classé au titre des monuments historiques depuis le et. | [
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Structured analysis and design technique | Analyse fonctionnelle descendante | Structured analysis and design technique (SADT) is a systems engineering and software engineering methodology for describing systems as a hierarchy of functions. SADT is a structured analysis modelling language, which uses two types of diagrams: activity models and data models. It was developed in the late 1960s by Douglas T. Ross, and was formalized and published as IDEF0 in 1981. | SADT (en anglais '), connue aussi sous le label IDEF0 (en anglais '), est une méthode d'origine américaine, développée pour Softech par Doug Ross en 1977 puis introduite en Europe à partir de 1982 par Michel Galinier. Elle se répandit vers la fin des années 1980 comme l'un des standards de description graphique d'un système complexe par analyse fonctionnelle descendante, c'est-à-dire que l'analyse chemine du général (dit « niveau A-0 ») vers le particulier et le détaillé (dits « niveaux A »). SADT est une démarche systémique de modélisation d'un système complexe ou d'un processus opératoire. | [
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Letter (alphabet) | Lettre (alphabet) | A letter is a segmental symbol of a phonemic writing system. The inventory of all letters forms the alphabet. Letters broadly correspond to phonemes in the spoken form of the language, although there is rarely a consistent, exact correspondence between letters and phonemes. | La lettre est l'un des signes graphiques formant un alphabet et servant à transcrire une langue. Ce mot provient du latin "littera" « caractère d’écriture », dont l’origine est inconnue. Le "Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine" d'Ernout et Meillet signale une possible provenance grecque ou un emprunt étrusque, « hypothèse ingénieuse et séduisante, mais non rigoureusement démontrable. » | [
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Robert Faurisson | Robert Faurisson | Robert Faurisson (born Robert Faurisson Aitken; 25 January 1929 – 21 October 2018) was a British-born French academic who became best known for Holocaust denial. Faurisson generated much controversy with a number of articles published in the "Journal of Historical Review" and elsewhere, and by letters to French newspapers, especially "Le Monde", which contradicted the history of the Holocaust by denying the existence of gas chambers in Nazi death camps, the systematic killing of European Jews using gas during the Second World War, and the authenticity of "The Diary of Anne Frank". After the passing of the Gayssot Act against Holocaust denial in 1990, Faurisson was prosecuted and fined, and in 1991 he was dismissed from his academic post. | Robert Faurisson, né le à Shepperton et mort le à Vichy, est un militant négationniste français. Professeur de lycée puis maître-assistant en lettres modernes à l'université, il connaît un début de notoriété à partir de la fin des années 1960 en publiant une étude iconoclaste sur Rimbaud, puis un moindre succès avec sa thèse consacrée à Lautréamont. À la fin des années 1970, il accède à la célébrité à travers une série de scandales médiatiques et de procès en raison de sa négation du génocide juif. Il devient en France, à partir des années 1980, une icône des négationnismes d'extrême droite et d'ultra-gauche, convergeant dans les années 2000 dans une partie de l'antisionisme en Occident comme dans le monde arabo-musulman. Jugé antisémite, proche des milieux d'extrême droite, voire néonazis, il a été condamné à plusieurs reprises pour « incitation à la haine raciale » et « contestation de crime contre l'humanité ». | [
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Merovech | Mérovée | Merovech } (; ; 411 – 458), possibly Meroγintaς or Mergintas, cognate of later citadel of (M)ARGINT(A)C·ORT (Battle of 'Argintcourt) or the proper name (ME)ROVIN/ROβin, is the semi-legendary founder of the Merovingian dynasty of the Salian Franks, which later became the dominant Frankish tribe. He is proposed to be one of several barbarian warlords and kings that joined forces with the Roman general Aetius against the Huns under Attila at the Battle of the Catalaunian Plains in Gaul in 451. His grand-son Clovis I became the founder of the Frankish kingdom. | Mérovée (ou encore "Merowig", "Mérovech"), né vers 412 et mort en juillet 457, est considéré comme le deuxième roi des Francs saliens. Son existence est entourée de tant d'obscurité que certains historiens en ont fait un roi légendaire. Il aurait régné de 448 à 457. | [
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Jules Romains | Jules Romains | Jules Romains, born Louis Henri Jean Farigoule (26 August 1885 – 14 August 1972), was a French poet and writer and the founder of the Unanimism literary movement. His works include the play "Knock ou le Triomphe de la médecine", and a cycle of works called "Les Hommes de bonne volonté (Men of Good Will)". Sinclair Lewis called him one of the six best novelists in the world. | Louis Farigoule, dit Jules Romains, né à Saint-Julien-Chapteuil (Haute-Loire) le et mort à Paris le, est un écrivain, philosophe, poète et dramaturge français, membre de l'Académie française. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Thomas Bayes | Thomas Bayes | Thomas Bayes (; 1701 7 April 1761) was an English statistician, philosopher and Presbyterian minister who is known for formulating a specific case of the theorem that bears his name: Bayes' theorem. Bayes never published what would become his most famous accomplishment; his notes were edited and published after his death by Richard Price. | Thomas Bayes (né env. en 1702 à Londres - mort le à Tunbridge Wells, dans le Kent) est un mathématicien britannique et pasteur de l'Église presbytérienne, connu pour avoir formulé le théorème de Bayes. | [
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William Hanna | William Hanna | William Denby Hanna (July 14, 1910 – March 22, 2001) was an American animator, director, producer, voice actor, cartoon artist, and musician whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of people for much of the 20th century. | William Denby Hanna (14 juillet 1910 – 22 mars 2001) est un animateur, réalisateur, producteur, doubleur, et dessinateur de presse américain, dont les personnages de séries télévisées et de films ont diverti des millions de téléspectateurs au. | [
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Jean-Baptiste Say | Jean-Baptiste Say | Jean-Baptiste Say (; 5 January 1767 – 15 November 1832) was a French economist and businessman who had liberal views and argued in favor of competition, free trade and lifting restraints on business. He is best known for Say's law—also known as the law of markets—which he popularized. Scholars disagree on the surprisingly subtle question of whether it was Say who first stated what is now called Say's law. Moreover, he was one of the first economists to study entrepreneurship and conceptualized entrepreneurs as organizers and leaders of the economy. | Jean Baptiste Say, né à Lyon le et mort à Paris le, est le principal économiste classique français. Industriel du coton, il fut l'un des entrepreneurs huguenots de cette industrie alors en plein essor. Il fut également journaliste. Il est réputé pour ses positions libérales. | [
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Richard Price | Richard Price | Richard Price (23 February 1723 – 19 April 1791) was a British moral philosopher, nonconformist preacher and mathematician. He was also a political pamphleteer, active in radical, republican, and liberal causes such as the American Revolution. He was well-connected and fostered communication between many people, including several of the Founding Fathers of the United States. | Richard Price ( – ) est un pasteur, un pamphlétaire, un moraliste, un philosophe, un mathématicien et un économiste gallois. | [
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Norman McLaren | Norman McLaren | Norman McLaren, (11 April 1914 – 27 January 1987) was a Scottish Canadian animator, director and producer known for his work for the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). He was a pioneer in a number of areas of animation and filmmaking, including hand-drawn animation, drawn-on-film animation, visual music, abstract film, pixilation and graphical sound. | Norman McLaren, né le à Stirling en Écosse et mort le à Montréal au Canada, est un réalisateur canadien d'origine britannique. Il est considéré comme un des grands maîtres du cinéma d'animation mondial. Son nom est étroitement associé à l'Office national du film du Canada. | [
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Château de Bonaguil | Château de Bonaguil | Château de Bonaguil is a castle in the French "commune" of Saint-Front-sur-Lémance, but actually owned by the neighbouring "commune" of Fumel in the Lot-et-Garonne "département". It has been classified as a "Monument historique" (historic monument) since 1862. | Le château de Bonaguil est situé en France, sur la commune de Saint-Front-sur-Lémance en Lot-et-Garonne à la charnière du Périgord et du Quercy, mais il est la propriété de la commune de Fumel. Le château est classé monument historique par liste en, la chapelle le. | [
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Joseph Barbera | Joseph Barbera | Joseph Roland Barbera (, ; March 24, 1911 – December 18, 2006) was an American animator, director, producer, storyboard artist, and cartoon artist, whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of fans worldwide for much of the 20th century. | Joseph Roland Barbera (en anglais ) ( - ) est un réalisateur, producteur, scénariste, compositeur et acteur américain. Après des petits boulots et un travail comme banquier, Barbera rejoint Van Beuren Studios en 1932, puis Terrytoons en 1936. En 1937, il déménage en Californie et pendant son travail à Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), Barbera rencontre William Hanna. Les deux hommes commencèrent alors leur collaboration dont la production de "Tom et Jerry" et des films avec dessins animés. En 1957, ils fondent Hanna-Barbera, qui devient l'un des grands succès de dessin-animé à la télévision, avec la production de nombreux programmes tels que "les Pierrafeu", "Yogi l'ours", "Scooby-Doo" et Les Schtroumpfs. En 1967, Hanna Barbera a été vendu à pour, mais Hanna et Barbera gardèrent la direction de la compagnie jusqu'en 1991 quand le studio fut vendu à nouveau à Turner Broadcasting System, qui est détenu par Time Warner propriétaire de Warner Bros. Hanna et Barbera ont gagné sept Oscars et huit Emmy Awards. | [
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Chlodio | Clodion le Chevelu | Chlodio (d. approx. 450) also Clodio, Clodius, Clodion, Cloio or Chlogio, was a Frankish king who attacked, and apparently then held, Roman-inhabited lands and cities in the "Silva Carbonaria" forest, now in central Belgium, then Cambrai and Tournai, and reached as far south as the River Somme. | Clodion dit « le Chevelu » appelé dans les sources primaires "Cloio" ou "Chlogio", né vers 390 et mort vers 450, est un chef des Francs saliens, l’un des peuples germaniques qui constituent la ligue des Francs. Il est essentiellement connu pour être le plus ancien roi de la dynastie des Mérovingiens dont l’existence soit certaine. Clodion n’est connu que par deux brèves mentions, ce qui rend difficile l’établissement d’une biographie par les historiens. | [
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Mill (grinding) | Moulin | A mill is a device that breaks solid materials into smaller pieces by grinding, crushing, or cutting. Such comminution is an important unit operation in many processes. There are many different types of mills and many types of materials processed in them. Historically mills were powered by hand (e.g., via a hand crank), working animal (e.g., horse mill), wind (windmill) or water (watermill). Today they are usually powered by electricity. | Un moulin est une machine à moudre, à l'origine avec une ou plusieurs meules, principalement les grains de céréales récoltées afin de les transformer en poudre plus ou moins grossière ou farine. Le mot désigne aussi, par extension ou par analogie, toute machine propre à moudre, à broyer, piler, pulvériser diverses matières alimentaires ou para-alimentaires du type semoules, épices moulues, sel fin, sucre, café ou cacao à réduire en poudre, etc., voire pour seulement les fragmenter ou pour faciliter l'extraction ultérieure de certains corps liquides présents, comme les huiles de navette, de colza, d'olives, de noix, obtenues ensuite par pression des pulpes ou chairs. | [
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Ku Klux Klan | Ku Klux Klan | The Ku Klux Klan (), commonly called the KKK or the Klan, is an American white supremacist hate group whose primary targets are African Americans as well as Jews, immigrants, leftists, members of the LGBT community and, until recently, Catholics. The Klan has existed in three distinct eras at different points in time during the history of the United States. Each has advocated extremist reactionary positions such as white nationalism, anti-immigration and – especially in later iterations – Nordicism, antisemitism, prohibition, homophobia, Islamophobia, and anti-Catholicism. Historically, the first Klan used terrorism – both physical assault and murder – against politically active blacks and their allies in the South in the late 1860s, until it was suppressed around 1872. All three movements have called for the "purification" of American society and all are considered "right-wing extremist" organizations. In each era, membership was secret and estimates of the total were highly exaggerated by both friends and enemies. | Le Ku Klux Klan, appelé souvent par son sigle KKK ou également le Klan, est une société secrète terroriste suprémaciste blanche des États-Unis fondée à la veillée de Noël 1865 ou au début de l'année 1866. | [
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Umayyad conquest of Hispania | Conquête musulmane de la péninsule Ibérique | The Umayyad conquest of Hispania, also known as the Muslim conquest of the Iberian Peninsula or the Umayyad conquest of the Visigothic Kingdom, was the initial expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate over Hispania (in the Iberian Peninsula) from 711 to 788. The conquest resulted in the destruction of the Visigothic Kingdom and the establishment of the independent Emirate of Córdoba under Abd al-Rahman I (ruled 756–788), who completed the unification of the Muslim-ruled areas (known as al-Andalus). The conquest marks the westernmost expansion of both the Umayyad Caliphate and Muslim rule into Europe. | La conquête musulmane de la péninsule Ibérique est l'expansion initiale du califat omeyyade sur l'Hispanie, s'étendant en grande partie de 711 à 726. La conquête aboutit à la destruction du royaume wisigoth et l'établissement de la wilaya d'al-Andalus et marque l'expansion la plus occidentale du califat omeyyade et de la domination musulmane en Europe. | [
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Tex Avery | Tex Avery | Frederick Bean "Tex" Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an American animator and director, known for producing and directing animated cartoons during the golden age of American animation. His most significant work was for the Warner Bros. and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios, where he was crucial in the creation and evolution of famous animated characters such as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Elmer Fudd, Droopy, Screwy Squirrel, George and Junior, and Chilly Willy. | Frederick Bean Avery, dit Tex Avery, né le à Taylor (Texas) et mort le à Burbank (Californie), est un réalisateur de films d'animations. Il est à l’origine du style farfelu des cartoons hollywoodiens des années 1940. Tex Avery a travaillé pour les studios Universal, Warner Bros. et Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM), et est connu pour ses créations d'univers aux situations délirantes. Parmi ses personnages, on peut citer Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Droopy, Casse-noisettes ou Georges et Junior. | [
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Bayes' theorem | Théorème de Bayes | In probability theory and statistics, Bayes' theorem (alternatively Bayes's theorem, Bayes's law or Bayes's rule) describes the probability of an event, based on prior knowledge of conditions that might be related to the event. For example, if the risk of developing health problems is known to increase with age, Bayes’s theorem allows the risk to an individual of a known age to be assessed more accurately than simply assuming that the individual is typical of the population as a whole. | Le théorème de Bayes est un résultat de base en théorie des probabilités, dont l'énoncé est : où désigne la probabilité conditionnelle de sachant. | [
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Gayssot Act | Loi Gayssot | The Gayssot Act or Gayssot Law (), enacted on 13 July 1990, makes it an offense in France to question the existence or size of the category of crimes against humanity as defined in the London Charter of 1945, on the basis of which Nazi leaders were convicted by the International Military Tribunal at Nuremberg in 1945-46 (art.9). | La loi du tendant à réprimer tout acte raciste, antisémite ou xénophobe, dite loi Gayssot (du nom de son initiateur le député communiste Jean-Claude Gayssot) est une loi française. Elle est la première des lois mémorielles françaises. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
List of file formats | Liste d'extensions de fichiers | This is a list of file formats used by computers, organized by type. Filename extensions are usually noted in parentheses if they differ from the file format name or abbreviation. Many operating systems do not limit filenames to one extension shorter than 4 characters, as was common with some operating systems that supported the File Allocation Table (FAT) file system. Examples of operating systems that do not impose this limit include Unix-like systems, and Microsoft Windows NT, 95, 98, and ME which have no three character limit on extensions for 32-bit or 64-bit applications on file systems other than pre-Windows 95 and Windows NT 3.5 versions of the FAT file system. Some filenames are given extensions longer than three characters. While MS-DOS and NT always see the final period in a filename as an extension, in UNIX-like systems, the final period doesn't necessarily mean the text afterward is the extension. | Cet article est une liste alphabétique non exhaustive d'extensions de fichiers (sous forme succincte ; des précisions sont données dans les articles en lien). | [
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Novelist | Romancier | A novelist is an author or writer of novels, though often novelists also write in other genres of both fiction and non-fiction. Some novelists are professional novelists, thus make a living writing novels and other fiction, while others aspire to support themselves in this way or write as an avocation. Most novelists struggle to get their debut novel published, but once published they often continue to be published, although very few become literary celebrities, thus gaining prestige or a considerable income from their work. | Un romancier est un écrivain, auteur de romans, bien qu'il puisse également écrire dans d'autres genres de fiction, ou des essais. Certains romanciers sont des professionnels et vivent ainsi de leur plume. D'autres écrivent des romans en complément d'autres activités. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Diene | Diène | In organic chemistry a diene ( ) (diolefin ( ) or alkadiene) is a covalent compound that contains two double bonds, usually among carbon atoms. They thus contain two alk"ene" units, with the standard prefix "di" of systematic nomenclature. As a subunit of more complex molecules, dienes occur in naturally occurring and synthetic chemicals and are used in organic synthesis. Conjugated dienes are widely used as monomers in the polymer industry. Polyunsaturated fats are of interest to nutrition. | Les diènes sont des hydrocarbures qui contiennent deux doubles liaisons. Les diènes peuvent être répartis en 3 groupes en fonction des positions relatives des liaisons doubles : Les composés qui contiennent plus de deux doubles liaisons sont appelés polyènes. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Thermal expansion | Dilatation thermique | Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, and volume in response to a change in temperature. | La dilatation thermique est l'expansion à pression constante du volume d'un corps occasionné par son réchauffement, généralement imperceptible. Dans le cas d'un gaz, il y a dilatation à pression constante ou maintien du volume et augmentation de la pression lorsque la température augmente. À l'opposé de la dilatation, un refroidissement provoque une contraction thermique. | [
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Bolex | Bolex International | Bolex International S. A. is a Swiss manufacturer of motion picture cameras based in Yverdon located in Canton of Vaud. The most notable products of which are in the 16 mm and Super 16 mm formats. Originally Bol, the company was founded by Charles Haccius and Jacques Bogopolsky (a.k.a. Bolsey or Bolsky) in 1925. Bolex is derived from Bogopolsky′s name. In 1923 he presented the Cinégraphe Bol at the Geneva fair, a reversible apparatus for taking, printing, and projecting pictures on 35-mm. film. He later designed a camera for Alpa of Ballaigues in the late 1930s. | Bolex International, S. a., anciennement S. a. Paillard-Bolex, est une entreprise suisse de Sainte-Croix près d'Yverdon-les-Bains dans le canton de Vaud, fabricant des caméras de la marque Bolex et anciennement de machines à écrire de la marque Hermes. | [
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Millau | Millau | Millau (; ) is a commune in the Aveyron department in the French Occitanie region in southern France. It is from the Aveyron prefecture headquarters in Rodez. It is located at the confluence of the rivers Tarn and Dourbie. It is surrounded by the landscapes of Gorges du Tarn, Causse du Larzac and Causse Noir. It is part of the former province of Rouergue where they also communicate through a form of Occitan language: the Rouergat dialect. Its inhabitants are called Millavois and Millavoises. The territory of the municipality is part of the Regional Natural Park of Grands Causses. | Millau est une commune française, sous-préfecture du département de l'Aveyron, en région Occitanie. Située à au sud-est de Rodez, et à de Montpellier, elle fait partie de l'ancienne province du Rouergue. | [
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The Sopranos | Les Soprano | The Sopranos is an American crime drama television series created by David Chase. The story revolves around Tony Soprano (James Gandolfini), a New Jersey-based Italian-American mobster, portraying the difficulties that he faces as he tries to balance his family life with his role as the leader of a criminal organization. These are explored during his therapy sessions with psychiatrist Jennifer Melfi (Lorraine Bracco). The series features Tony's family members, mafia colleagues, and rivals in prominent roles—most notably his wife Carmela (Edie Falco) and his protégé/distant cousin Christopher Moltisanti (Michael Imperioli). The pilot was ordered in 1997, and the show premiered on HBO on January 10, 1999. The series ran for six seasons totaling 86 episodes until June 10, 2007. Broadcast syndication followed in the U.S. and internationally. "The Sopranos" was produced by HBO, Chase Films, and Brad Grey Television. It was primarily filmed at Silvercup Studios in Long Island City in Queens, New York City and on location in New Jersey. The executive producers throughout the show's run were David Chase, Brad Grey, Robin Green, Mitchell Burgess, Ilene S. Landress, Terence Winter, and Matthew Weiner. | Les Soprano ("") est une série télévisée dramatique américaine en de 45 à, créée par David Chase et diffusée entre le et le sur HBO. | [
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Kigali | Kigali | Kigali () is the capital and largest city of Rwanda. It is near the nation's geographic centre in a region of rolling hills, with a series of valleys and ridges joined by steep slopes. The city has been Rwanda's economic, cultural, and transport hub since it became the capital following independence from Belgian rule in 1962. | Kigali est la capitale du Rwanda, centre économique et administratif du pays. Sa population est d'environ un million d'habitants. La ville est construite sur plusieurs collines. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Underdevelopment | Sous-développement | Underdevelopment, relating to international development, reflects a broad condition or phenomena defined and critiqued by theorists in fields such as economics, development studies, and postcolonial studies. Used primarily to distinguish states along benchmarks concerning human development—such as macro-economic growth, health, education, and standards of living—an "underdeveloped" state is framed as the antithesis of a "developed", modern, or industrialized state. Popularized, dominant images of underdeveloped states include those that have less stable economies, less democratic political regimes, greater poverty, malnutrition, and poorer public health and education systems. | On parle de pays sous-développé et de sous-développement d'un pays lorsque la situation sanitaire et économique y est très mauvaise. Le terme pays sous-développé n'est plus beaucoup employé, on préfère le terme plus neutre de pays en développement, ou pays en voie de développement. Les pays les plus pauvres sont les pays les moins avancés (PMA). | [
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Lima | Lima | Lima (, ; ) is the capital and the largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, in the central coastal part of the country, overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima Metropolitan Area. With a population of more than 9 million, Lima is the most populous metropolitan area of Peru and the seventh-largest metropolitan area in the Americas. | Lima (prononcé ) est la capitale et la plus grande ville du Pérou, ainsi que le chef-lieu de la région de Lima. Au milieu de la façade maritime du Pérou sur l'océan Pacifique, Lima s'étend sur les vallées de trois fleuves : Rimac, Chillón et. | [
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Countable set | Ensemble dénombrable | In mathematics, a countable set is a set with the same cardinality (number of elements) as some subset of the set of natural numbers. A countable set is either a finite set or a countably infinite set. Whether finite or infinite, the elements of a countable set can always be counted one at a time and, although the counting may never finish, every element of the set is associated with a unique natural number. | En mathématiques, un ensemble est dit dénombrable, ou infini dénombrable, lorsque ses éléments peuvent être listés "sans omission ni répétition" dans une suite indexée par les entiers. Certains ensembles infinis, au contraire, contiennent « trop » d'éléments pour être parcourus complètement par l'infinité des entiers et sont donc dits « non dénombrables ». | [
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Creationism | Créationnisme | Creationism is the religious belief that nature, and aspects such as the universe, Earth, life, and humans, originated with supernatural acts of divine creation. In its broadest sense, creationism includes a continuum of religious views, which vary in their acceptance or rejection of scientific explanations such as evolution that describe the origin and development of natural phenomena. | Le créationnisme est la croyance religieuse qu'une création divine est responsable de la vie et de l'univers, contrairement au consensus scientifique qui soutient une origine naturelle au moyen de l'évolution. | [
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Farm Security Administration | Farm Security Administration | The Farm Security Administration (FSA) was a New Deal agency created in 1937 to combat rural poverty during the Great Depression in the United States. It succeeded the Resettlement Administration (1935–1937). | La Farm Security Administration (FSA) est un organisme américain créé par le ministère de l'agriculture en 1937, chargé d'aider les fermiers les plus pauvres touchés par la Grande Dépression. | [
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Alhambra | Alhambra (Grenade) | The Alhambra (, ;,, ) is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain. It was originally constructed as a small fortress in AD 889 on the remains of Roman fortifications, and then largely ignored until its ruins were renovated and rebuilt in the mid-13th century by the Nasrid emir Mohammed ben Al-Ahmar of the Emirate of Granada, who built its current palace and walls with many beautiful, intricate details. It was converted into a royal palace in 1333 by Yusuf I, Sultan of Granada. After the conclusion of the Christian Reconquista in 1492, the site became the Royal Court of Ferdinand and Isabella (where Christopher Columbus received royal endorsement for his expedition), and the palaces were partially altered in the Renaissance style. In 1526 Charles I & V commissioned a new Renaissance palace better befitting the Holy Roman Emperor in the revolutionary Mannerist style influenced by humanist philosophy in direct juxtaposition with the Nasrid Andalusian architecture, but it was ultimately never completed due to Morisco rebellions in Granada. | L'Alhambra (en, "Al-Ḥamrā' ", « la rouge ») de Grenade en Andalousie, est un ensemble palatial constituant l'un des monuments majeurs de l'architecture islamique. Acropole médiévale la plus majestueuse du monde méditerranéen, située sur le plateau de la Sabika qui domine la ville, elle se compose essentiellement de quatre parties incluses dans son enceinte fortifiée : l'Alcazaba, les palais nasrides, le Généralife, ses jardins, et le palais de Charles Quint. | [
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David Frankfurter | David Frankfurter | David Frankfurter (9 July 1909 – 19 July 1982) was a Croatian Jew. He is known for having assassinated Swiss branch leader of the German NSDAP Wilhelm Gustloff in February 1936 in Davos, Switzerland. | David Frankfurter, né en 1909 à Daruvar (Croatie) et mort en 1982, est connu pour avoir assassiné en 1936 Wilhelm Gustloff, chef de la branche suisse du parti nazi. | [
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Calque | Calque (linguistique) | In linguistics, a calque or loan translation is a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal word-for-word or root-for-root translation. When used as a verb, "to calque" means to borrow a word or phrase from another language while translating its components, so as to create a new lexeme in the target language. | Dans la pratique de la traduction, le terme calque se réfère à la traduction littérale (mot à mot), dont le résultat n’est pas toujours correct selon les normes de la variété standard de la langue cible. En revanche, en linguistique comparée, en linguistique historique et en lexicologie, le calque linguistique est un procédé mixte (interne et externe) d’enrichissement d’une langue, surtout dans le domaine du lexique et de la phraséologie, mais aussi, dans une moindre mesure, dans le domaine de la structure grammaticale. On inclut dans la notion de calque l’emprunt de sens de mots étrangers et la traduction intégrale ou partielle des morphèmes qui constituent certains mots ou d’autres unités linguistiques étrangères en morphèmes correspondants de la langue réceptrice. | [
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Hibernation | Hibernation | Hibernation is a state of inactivity and metabolic depression in endotherms. Hibernation is a seasonal heterothermy characterized by low body-temperature, slow breathing and heart-rate, and low metabolic rate. It most commonly occurs during winter months. | L’hibernation est un état d’hypothermie régulée, durant plusieurs jours ou semaines qui permet aux animaux de conserver leur énergie pendant l’hiver. Durant l’hibernation, les animaux ralentissent leur métabolisme jusqu’à des niveaux très bas, abaissant graduellement la température de leur corps et leur taux respiratoire, et puisent dans les réserves de graisse du corps qui ont été stockées pendant les mois actifs. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
Giuseppe Arcimboldo | Giuseppe Arcimboldo | Giuseppe Arcimboldo (; also spelled "Arcimboldi") (1526 or 1527 – 11 July 1593) was an Italian painter best known for creating imaginative portrait heads made entirely of objects such as fruits, vegetables, flowers, fish and books. | Giuseppe Arcimboldo, Arcimboldi, ou Arcimboldus (vers 1527 à Milan - à Milan) est un peintre maniériste, célèbre comme auteur de nombreux portraits suggérés par des végétaux, des animaux ou des objets astucieusement disposés, comme sa représentation de Rodolphe II en Vertumne. | [
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Tour of Duty (TV series) | L'Enfer du devoir (série télévisée) | Tour of Duty is an American military drama television series based on events in the Vietnam War, broadcast on CBS. The series ran for three seasons, from September 24, 1987, to April 28, 1990, for a total of 58 one-hour episodes. The show was created by Steve Duncan and L. Travis Clark and produced by Zev Braun. | L'Enfer du devoir ou Commando Viêt Nam ("") est une série télévisée américaine en 58 épisodes de 50 minutes, créée par L. Travis Clark et Steve Duncan et diffusée entre le et le sur le réseau CBS. | [
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Profit (TV series) | Profit (série télévisée) | Profit is an American television drama series that originally aired in 1996 on the Fox Broadcasting Company (Mondays at 9:00 p.m. EST). The series was created (and occasionally directed) by David Greenwalt and John McNamara, and starred Adrian Pasdar as the eponymous lead character Jim Profit. In February 2008 repeat episodes began airing on Chiller (in the USA), and in October 2010 on CBS Action (in Europe). | Profit est une série télévisée américaine, en un pilote de 90 minutes et sept épisodes de 45 minutes, créée par John McNamara et David Greenwalt et dont seulement quatre épisodes ont été diffusés entre le 8 et le sur le réseau FOX. En France, l'intégralité de la série a été diffusée à partir du sur Jimmy. | [
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Ontology | Ontologie (philosophie) | Ontology is the philosophical study of being. More broadly, it studies concepts that directly relate to being, in particular becoming, existence, reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their relations. Traditionally listed as a part of the major branch of philosophy known as metaphysics, ontology often deals with questions concerning what entities exist or may be said to exist and how such entities may be grouped, related within a hierarchy, and subdivided according to similarities and differences. | L'ontologie dans son sens le plus général s'interroge sur la signification du mot « être »., est une question considérée comme inaugurale, c'est-à-dire première dans le temps et première dans l'ordre de la connaissance. Elle est celle des premiers penseurs de la Grèce antique, tels Parménide et Platon. Elle déborde très largement le strict cadre de la métaphysique qui, née chez Aristote, étudie les différentes modalités et propriétés de l'être (ne posant déjà plus de problème en soi), avec quoi on a tendance à la confondre. Il faut également distinguer l'ontologie en tant que telle de l'ousiologie, laquelle est la science de l'être entendu en tant qu'essence. | [
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Electrocution | Électrocution | Electrocution is death or severe injury by electric shock, electric current passing through the body. The word is derived from "electro" and "execution", but it is also used for accidental death. | L'électrocution est l', que ce soit chez un être humain ou un animal. Dans un cas défavorable, un courant alternatif de à traversant le cœur d'un être vivant durant une seconde, peut provoquer une fibrillation ventriculaire, létale sauf intervention très rapide. | [
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Richard Hamming | Richard Hamming | Richard Wesley Hamming (Chicago, Illinois, February 11, 1915 – Monterey, California, January 7, 1998) was an American mathematician whose work had many implications for computer engineering and telecommunications. His contributions include the Hamming code (which makes use of a Hamming matrix), the Hamming window, Hamming numbers, sphere-packing (or Hamming bound), and the Hamming distance. | Richard Wesley Hamming, né le à Chicago (Illinois) et décédé le à Monterey (Californie) est un mathématicien célèbre à qui on doit les codes de Hamming et la distance de Hamming. Il reçut le prix Turing en 1968. | [
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Orthodoxy | Orthodoxie | Orthodoxy (from Greek ὀρθοδοξία "orthodoxía" "righteous/correct opinion") is adherence to correct or accepted creeds, especially in religion. In the Christian sense the term means "conforming to the Christian faith as represented in the creeds of the early Church." The first seven ecumenical councils were held between the years of 325 and 787 with the aim of formalizing accepted doctrines. | Le terme « orthodoxe » vient du grec όρθός "orthós" (droit) et δόξα "dóxa" (opinion). Au sens littéral « orthodoxe » signifie donc « qui pense dans la bonne voie » ; et plus largement : « ce qui est conforme à », « respectueux de la tradition ». L’orthodoxie est une doctrine érigée en, et par métonymie ce qui est conforme à cette doctrine. À l'inverse, on entend par hétérodoxie tout ce qui diverge par rapport à cette présumée rectitude, ce qui la transgresse. | [
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Pornographic film | Film pornographique | Pornographic films (pornos), erotic films, or sex films are films that present sexually subject matter in order to arouse and satisfy the viewer. Pornographic films present sexual fantasies and usually include erotically stimulating material such as nudity (softcore) and sexual intercourse (hardcore). A distinction is sometimes made between "erotic" and "pornographic" films on the basis that the latter category contains more explicit sexuality, and focuses more on arousal than storytelling, but the distinction is highly subjective. | Un film pornographique — aussi appelé « film X », « film pour adultes », « film hard » ou « film rose » — est un film à visée érogène contenant des scènes où le rapport sexuel, non simulé, est montré de manière explicite dans le but de provoquer l'excitation sexuelle du spectateur. Les films pornographiques relevant du se distinguent des productions dites, terme désignant les films érotiques où le rapport sexuel est simulé. Dans le "hard" les organes génitaux, dont le pénis en érection, sont directement montrés à l'image, avec de fréquents gros plans, dans des scènes représentant le coït dans son intégralité. La plupart de ces films sont interprétés par des acteurs spécialisés, mais d'autres peuvent au contraire mettre en scène des personnes non professionnelles. | [
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John Hopcroft | John Hopcroft | John Edward Hopcroft (born October 7, 1939) is an American theoretical computer scientist. His textbooks on theory of computation (also known as the Cinderella book) and data structures are regarded as standards in their fields. He is the IBM Professor of Engineering and Applied Mathematics in Computer Science at Cornell University. | John Edward H. Hopcroft, né le à Seattle, est un informaticien américain, professeur émérite à l'université Cornell. Il est coauteur, avec Jeffrey D. Ullman et Alfred V. Aho ou les deux, de plusieurs livres importants sur les algorithmes, les structures de données, et sur les automates et langages formels qui ont été des ouvrages de références pendant très longtemps. Il s'est impliqué dans la définition de l'enseignement de l'informatique aux États-Unis depuis le début, et a formé quantité de scientifiques en informatique. | [
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Decolonization | Décolonisation | Decolonization (American English) or decolonisation (British English) is the undoing of colonialism, the latter being the process whereby a nation establishes and maintains its domination on overseas territories. The concept particularly applies to the dismantlement, during the second half of the 20th century, of the colonial empires established prior to World War I throughout the world. Scholars focus especially on the movements in the colonies demanding independence, such as Creole nationalism. | La décolonisation est un processus d'émancipation des territoires coloniaux vis-à-vis des métropoles colonisatrices. Elle conduit le plus souvent à l'indépendance des pays colonisés. Commencée dès 1775 en Amérique, c'est au lendemain de la Seconde Guerre mondiale que le terme naît, alors que le phénomène prend une ampleur mondiale avec le développement des premiers nationalismes émergents au début du. L'Organisation des Nations unies (ONU) offre un contexte favorable à la décolonisation. | [
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Anamorphosis | Anamorphose | Anamorphosis is a distorted projection or perspective requiring the viewer to occupy a specific vantage point, use special devices or both to view a recognizable image. Some of the media it is used in are painting, photography, sculpture and installation, toys, and film special effects. The word "anamorphosis" is derived from the Greek prefix "ana‐", meaning "back" or "again", and the word "morphe", meaning "shape" or "form". An oblique anamorphism is the visualization of a mathematical operation called an affine transformation. The process of extreme anamorphosis has been used by artists to disguise caricatures, erotic and scatological scenes, and other furtive images from a casual viewer, while revealing an undistorted image to the knowledgeable spectator. | Une anamorphose est une déformation réversible d'une image à l'aide d'un système optique — par exemple un miroir courbe — ou une transformation mathématique. On appelle également anamorphose la déformation de l'image d'un film ou d'une émission télévisée à l'aide d'un système optique ou électronique afin de l'adapter à un écran informatique ou de télévision (format large anamorphosé, format 4/3 ou 16/9). Le mot dérive du grec "αναμορφωειν" "anamorphoein," « transformer ». | [
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Social Darwinism | Darwinisme social | Social Darwinism is any of various theories of society which emerged in the United Kingdom, North America, and Western Europe in the 1870s, claiming to apply biological concepts of natural selection and survival of the fittest to sociology and politics. Social Darwinists argue that the strong should see their wealth and power increase while the weak should see their wealth and power decrease. Different social-Darwinist groups have differing views about which groups of people are considered to be "the strong" and which groups of people are considered to be "the weak", and they also hold different opinions about the precise mechanisms that should be used to reward strength and punish weakness. Many such views stress competition between individuals in "laissez-faire" capitalism, while others were used in support of authoritarianism, eugenics, racism, imperialism, fascism, Nazism, and struggle between national or racial groups. | Le darwinisme social est un terme englobant qui désigne toute doctrine ou théorie prétendant pouvoir appliquer la théorie évolutionniste aux sociétés humaines. | [
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Boeing 737 | Boeing 737 | The Boeing 737 is a narrow-body aircraft produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes at its Renton Factory in Washington. Developed to supplement the 727 on short and thin routes, the twinjet retains the 707 fuselage cross-section and nose with two underwing turbofans. Envisioned in 1964, the initial 737-100 made its first flight in April 1967 and entered service in February 1968 with Lufthansa. The lengthened 737-200 entered service in April 1968. It evolved through four generations, offering several variants for 85 to 215 passengers. The -100/200 original variants were powered by Pratt & Whitney JT8D low-bypass engines and offered seating for 85 to 130 passengers. Launched in 1980 and introduced in 1984, the 737 Classic -300/400/500 variants were re-engined with CFM56-3 turbofans and offered 110 to 168 seats. Introduced in 1997, the 737 Next Generation (NG) -600/700/800/900 variants have updated CFM56-7s, a larger wing and an upgraded glass cockpit, and seat 108 to 215 passengers. The latest generation, the 737 MAX -7/8/9/10, powered by improved CFM LEAP high bypass turbofans and accommodating 138 to 204 people, entered service in 2017. | Le Boeing 737 est un avion de ligne court à moyen-courrier biréacteur à fuselage étroit développé et construit depuis 1967 par la Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Initialement développé comme un dérivé des 707 et 727, plus petit et plus abordable, le 737 se dérive en une famille de dix modèles pouvant emporter de. Depuis 2004, le 737 est le seul avion de ligne à fuselage étroit de Boeing en production. Depuis son lancement jusqu'en, plus de ont été produits, ce qui faisait du Boeing 737 l'avion de ligne à réaction le plus vendu jusqu'en 2018. | [
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Gavotte | Gavotte (danse) | The gavotte (also gavot, gavote, or gavotta) is a French dance, taking its name from a folk dance of the Gavot, the people of the Pays de Gap region of Dauphiné in the southeast of France, where the dance originated, according to one source. According to another reference, however, the word "gavotte" is a generic term for a variety of French folk dances, and most likely originated in Lower Brittany in the west, or possibly Provence in the southeast or the French Basque Country in the southwest of France. It is notated in or time and is usually of moderate tempo, though the folk dances also use meters such as and. | La gavotte ("gavote" ou "gavot") est une danse ancienne populaire française, catégorie danse traditionnelle, devenue aussi une danse de salon. | [
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Bureaucracy | Bureaucratie | Bureaucracy () refers to both a body of non-elected government officials and an administrative policy-making group. Historically, a bureaucracy was a government administration managed by departments staffed with non-elected officials. Today, bureaucracy is the administrative system governing any large institution, whether publicly owned or privately owned. The public administration in many countries is an example of a bureaucracy, but so is the centralized hierarchical structure of a business firm. | Une bureaucratie (terme créé en 1759 par Vincent de Gournay, composé de et -cratie ()) est une forme d'organisation du travail inventée par les Chinois, reprise en France par Louis XIV et Colbert sous le nom d'« Administration » et perfectionnée ensuite par les Prussiens. | [
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Bellerophon | Bellérophon | Bellerophon (; Ancient Greek: Βελλεροφῶν) or Bellerophontes () is a hero of Greek mythology. He was "the greatest hero and slayer of monsters, alongside Cadmus and Perseus, before the days of Heracles", and his greatest feat was killing the Chimera, a monster that Homer depicted with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail: "her breath came out in terrible blasts of burning flame." He is also known for capturing the winged horse Pegasus with the help of Athena’s charmed bridle, notwithstanding he earned the disfavour of the gods after attempting to ride Pegasus to Mount Olympus to join them. | Dans la mythologie grecque, Bellérophon (en grec ancien / ) est un roi de Corinthe. Il est selon les versions le fils de Glaucos (et donc petit-fils de Sisyphe) ou de Poséidon, sa mère étant Eurynomé. | [
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A Simple Plan (film) | Un plan simple | A Simple Plan is a 1998 neo-noir crime thriller film directed by Sam Raimi and written by Scott B. Smith, based on Smith's 1993 novel of the same name. The film stars Bill Paxton, Billy Bob Thornton, and Bridget Fonda. Set in rural Minnesota, the story follows brothers Hank (Paxton) and Jacob Mitchell (Thornton), who, along with Jacob's friend Lou (Brent Briscoe), discover a crashed plane containing $4.4 million in cash. The three men and Hank's wife Sarah (Fonda) go to great lengths to keep the money a secret but begin to doubt each other's trust, resulting in lies, deceit and murder. | Un plan simple ("") est un film multinational réalisé par Sam Raimi, sorti en 1998. Le film a obtenu le prix du jury au Festival du film policier de Cognac en 1999. | [
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Volleyball | Volley-ball | Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules. It has been a part of the official program of the Summer Olympic Games since Tokyo 1964. | Le volley-ball, ou volleyball, est un sport collectif mettant en jeu deux équipes de 6 joueurs séparés par un filet, qui s'affrontent avec un ballon sur un terrain rectangulaire de de long sur de large. Avec de pratiquants en 2007, il s'agit d'un des sports les plus pratiqués dans le monde. | [
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Perfume (novel) | Le Parfum | Perfume: The Story of a Murderer () is a 1985 literary historical fantasy novel by German writer Patrick Süskind. The novel explores the sense of smell and its relationship with the emotional meanings that scents may have. | Le Parfum, sous-titré "Histoire d'un meurtrier" (), est un roman de l'écrivain allemand Patrick Süskind, paru en 1985. Dès sa publication, il a connu un très grand succès et a aussitôt été traduit dans de nombreuses langues. En vingt ans, le livre a été traduit en quarante-huit langues et vendu à vingt millions d'exemplaires. Le livre a été traduit de l'allemand au français par Bernard Lortholary. Il fut adapté au cinéma par Tom Tykwer en 2006. | [
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José de Alencar | José Martiniano de Alencar | José Martiniano de Alencar (May 1, 1829 – December 12, 1877) was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is considered to be one of the most famous and influential Brazilian Romantic novelists of the 19th century, and a major exponent of the literary tradition known as "Indianism". Sometimes he signed his works with the pen name Erasmo. | José de Alencar est un écrivain brésilien né le à Fortaleza, dans l'actuel quartier de Messejana, et décédé le à Rio de Janeiro. | [
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Tessellation | Pavage du plan | A tiling or tessellation of a flat surface is the covering of a plane using one or more geometric shapes, called tiles, with no overlaps and no gaps. In mathematics, tessellations can be generalized to higher dimensions and a variety of geometries. | Un pavage du plan est un ensemble de portions du plan, par exemple des polygones, dont l'union est le plan tout entier, sans recouvrement. | [
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Mise en abyme | Mise en abyme | In Western art history, Mise en abyme (; also mise en abîme) is a formal technique of placing a copy of an image within itself, often in a way that suggests an infinitely recurring sequence. In film theory and literary theory, it refers to the technique of inserting a story within a story. The term is derived from heraldry and literally means "placed into abyss". It was first appropriated for modern criticism by the French author André Gide. | La mise en abyme est un procédé consistant à représenter une œuvre dans une œuvre similaire, par exemple dans les phénomènes de « film dans un film », ou encore en incrustant dans une image cette image elle-même. Ce principe se retrouve l'« autosimilarité » et le principe des fractales ou de la récursivité en mathématiques. | [
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Sertão | Sertão | A sertão (, plural "sertões") is the "hinterland" or "backcountry". In Brazil, it refers to one of the four sub-regions of the Northeast Region of Brazil (similar to the specific association of "outback" with Australia in English). Its borders are not precise and do not correspond to any modern Brazilian states. Like the South of the United States, it is a region that is well-known in Brazilian culture, with a rich history and much folklore. | Le sertão est une zone géographique du Nordeste du Brésil au climat semi-aride. Son sens originel signifie l'« "arrière-pays" », le « "fin fond" », une zone éloignée des centres urbains, la campagne, et peut être comparé au concept de l'outback australien. | [
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Pot-Bouille | Pot-Bouille | Pot-Bouille is the tenth novel in the "Rougon-Macquart" series by Émile Zola. It was serialized between January and April 1882 in the periodical "Le Gaulois" before being published in book form by Charpentier in 1883. | Pot-Bouille est un roman d’Émile Zola publié en 1882, le dixième de la série "Les Rougon-Macquart". Le héros, Octave Mouret, arrive à Paris et s'installe dans un immeuble bourgeois récent. Il recherche une maîtresse qui l'aide à s'élever socialement. Il rencontre peu à peu la plupart des habitants qui, sous les dehors d'une bonne morale, ont des relations hors mariage, entretiennent des maîtresses, concluent des mariages d'argent, se déchirent pour des héritages et abandonnent leurs enfants. C'est à cette « cuisine », aussi peu ragoutante qu’un médiocre brouet, que fait référence le titre : le mot « pot-bouille » désignait au, en langage familier, la cuisine ordinaire des ménages, dans un sens proche de l'actuel « ». Par l'ironie, Zola montre en effet l’envers du décor d’un grand immeuble parisien où, derrière un luxe de façade, les comportements sont vils. | [
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Krusty the Clown | Krusty le clown | Herschel Shmoikel Pinchas Yerucham Krustofsky, better known as Krusty the Clown (sometimes spelled as Krusty the Klown), is a cartoon character in the animated television series "The Simpsons". He is voiced by Dan Castellaneta. He is the long-time clown host of Bart and Lisa's favorite TV show, a combination of kiddie variety television hijinks and cartoons including "The Itchy & Scratchy Show". Krusty is often portrayed as a cynical, burnt-out, addiction-riddled smoker who is made miserable by show business but continues on anyway. He has become one of the most common characters outside the main Simpson family and has been the focus of several episodes, most of which also spotlight Bart. | Krusty le clown, nom de scène de Herschel Schmoikel Pinchas Yerucham Krustofski, est un personnage fictif de la série télévisée d'animation "Les Simpson". Il est doublé en version originale par Dan Castellaneta et en français par Michel Modo jusqu'à la dix-neuvième saison, par Gérard Rinaldi jusqu'à la vingt-deuxième et par Xavier Fagnon depuis. Au Québec, Marc Labrèche lui prête sa voix jusqu'en 2008 où Gilbert Lachance lui succède. Il apparaît pour la première fois dans le court métrage diffusé pendant le "Tracey Ullman Show", le, "". Ce clown est l'animateur de l'émission de télévision préférée de Bart et Lisa, une combinaison de pitreries pour enfants et de dessins animés, dont "Itchy et Scratchy". Krusty est toujours dépeint comme un fumeur toxicomane, cynique et déprimé, épuisé par une industrie du spectacle qu'il n'abandonne pourtant pas. Il est l'un des personnages les plus réguliers de la série en dehors de la famille Simpson et il est l'objet principal de plusieurs épisodes, dont la plupart concernent également Bart. | [
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Charles the Bold | Charles le Téméraire | Charles (Charles Martin; ; ; 10 November 1433 – 5 January 1477), nicknamed the Bold (; ; ), was the fifteenth-century Duke of Burgundy from 1467 to 1477. | Charles de Valois-Bourgogne, dit Charles le Hardi ou Charles le Travaillant, plus connu sous son surnom posthume de Charles le Téméraire, né le à Dijon et mort le près de Nancy, est, après Philippe le Hardi, Jean sans Peur et Philippe le Bon, le quatrième et dernier duc de Bourgogne de la maison de Valois, seigneur et maître d'un ensemble de provinces connu aujourd'hui sous le nom d'État bourguignon. | [
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Friedensreich Hundertwasser | Friedensreich Hundertwasser | Friedrich Stowasser (December 15, 1928 – February 19, 2000), better known by his pseudonym Friedensreich Regentag Dunkelbunt Hundertwasser, was an Austrian-born New Zealand visual artist and architect who also worked in the field of environmental protection. | Friedrich Stowasser, plus connu sous le nom de Friedensreich Hundertwasser Regentag Dunkelbunt, né le à Vienne en Autriche et mort à bord du "Queen Elizabeth 2" le, est un artiste autrichien, également architecte. | [
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The Addams Family (1964 TV series) | La Famille Addams (série télévisée, 1964) | The Addams Family is an American macabre/black comedy sitcom based on the characters from Charles Addams' "New Yorker" cartoons. The 30-minute television series was created by David Levy and Donald Saltzman and shot in black-and-white, airing for two seasons on ABC from September 18, 1964, to April 8, 1966, for a total of 64 episodes. The show is also notable for its opening theme, which was composed and sung by Vic Mizzy. | La Famille Addams ou Addams Family est une série télévisée américaine en noir et blanc de 64 épisodes de 25 minutes. Basée sur les personnages des dessins humoristiques de Charles Addams publiés dans le magazine "The New Yorker" à partir de 1938. Elle a été diffusée du au sur ABC. | [
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Minuet | Menuet | A minuet (; also spelled "menuet") is a social dance of French origin for two people, usually in time. The word was adapted from Italian "minuetto" and French "menuet", possibly from the French "menu" meaning slender, small, referring to the very small steps, or from the early 17th-century popular group dances called "branle à mener" or "amener". | Le menuet est une danse traditionnelle et une forme musicale de la musique baroque, à trois temps et à mouvement modéré, gracieuse et noble. D'un point de vue formel, le menuet comporte deux sections, chacune comportant une reprise. C'était une des danses préférées de Louis XIV et de sa cour. Ce type de danse pourrait avoir pour origine le branle du Poitou. | [
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Bernardino Ochino | Bernardino Ochino | Bernardino Ochino (1487–1564) was an Italian, who was raised a Roman Catholic and later turned to Protestantism and became a Protestant reformer. | Bernardino Ochino (1487-1564), religieux réformateur italien, né à Sienne en 1487, fut vicaire general des Capucins puis pasteur et théologien Protestant. À un âge très jeune, il entra dans l'ordre des Frères mineurs de l'Observance. Vers 1510, il quitta momentanément l'ordre pour faire des études de médecine, puis le réintégra et évolua jusqu'à devenir le vicaire général de la partie cismontaine (Italie) (1533). Mais, aspirant à une règle plus stricte, il entra en 1534 dans le tout nouvel ordre des Capucins. Il était déjà devenu célèbre pour son zèle et son éloquence, et était un ami intime de l'Espagnol Juan de Valdés, Vittoria Colonna, Pietro Martire Vermigli, Pietro Carnesecchi, ainsi que d'autres qui encoururent, plus tard, la suspicion d'hérésie, soit à cause de la modération de leur caractère ou à cause de la teinture évangélique de leur théologie. | [
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] | null | null | null | null | null | null |
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