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Manju Purohit|Suhas Chandran|Harshada Shah|Vishal Diwan|Ashok J. Tamhankar|Cecilia Stålsby Lundborg
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Antibiotic Resistance in an Indian Rural Community: A ‘One-Health’ Observational Study on Commensal Coliform from Humans, Animals, and Water
| 2,017 |
Karolinska Institutet|Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College|Public Health Agency of Sweden|Karolinska Institutet|Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College|Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College|Karolinska Institutet|Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College|Karolinska Institutet|Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College|Karolinska Institutet
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antibioticresistant bacteria escalating grim menace global public health aim phenotype genotype antibioticresistant commensal escherichia coli e coli humans animals water community onehealth approach samples collected village belonging demographic surveillance site ruxmaniben deepchand rd gardi medical college ujjain central india commensal coliforms stool samples children aged 13 years environment animals drinking water childrens households common source wastewater studied antibiotic susceptibility plasmidencoded resistance genes e coli isolates human n 127 animal n 21 waste n 12 source n 10 household drinking water n 122 carried 70 29 41 30 30 multidrug resistance respectively extended spectrum betalactamase esbl producers 57 human 23 environmental isolates coresistance frequent penicillin cephalosporin quinolone antibioticresistance genes blactxm9 qnrs frequent group dtype isolates resistance genes mainly humans wastewater colistin resistance mcr1 gene detected frequency resistance coresistance resistant genes high similar coliforms humans environment emphasizes need mitigate antibiotic resistance onehealth approach
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https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-14-29
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Takele Lakew|Jenafir House|Kevin C. Hong|Elizabeth Yi|Wondu Alemayehu|Muluken Melese|Zhaoxia Zhou|Kathryn J. Ray|Stephanie Chin|E. Hernandez Romero|Jeremy D. Keenan|John P. Whitcher|Bruce D. Gaynor|Thomas M. Lietman
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Reduction and Return of Infectious Trachoma in Severely Affected Communities in Ethiopia
| 2,009 |
International Trachoma Initiative|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|International Trachoma Initiative|International Trachoma Initiative|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco Foundation|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|Global Brain Health Institute|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco Foundation|University of California, San Francisco|Global Brain Health Institute
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antibiotics major tool whos trachoma control program even single mass distribution reduces prevalence ocular chlamydia causes trachoma unfortunately infection returns single treatment least severely affected areas test whether additional scheduled treatments reduce infection whether infection returns distributions discontinuedsixteen communities ethiopia randomly selected ocular chlamydial infection 1 5yearold children monitored four biannual azithromycin distributions 24 months last treatmentthe average prevalence infection 1 5yearold children reduced 635 pretreatment 115 six months first distribution p00001 decreased 26 six months fourth final treatment p 00004 next 18 months infection returned 252 significant increase six months last treatment p 0008 still far lower baseline p00001 although prevalence infection particular village fluctuated mean prevalence 16 villages steadily decreased treatment steadily returned treatments discontinuedin severely affected communities ever studied demonstrate repeated mass oral azithromycin distributions progressively reduce ocular chlamydial infection community long distributions given frequently enough high enough coverage however infection returns communities last treatment sustainable changes complete local elimination infection necessaryclinicaltrialsgov nct00221364
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2016.05.009
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Mohitosh Biswas|Daniel Roy|Afsana Tajmim|Sheikh Shahriar Rajib|Mosharraf Hossain|Fahamida Farzana|Nelufar Yasmen
|
Prescription antibiotics for outpatients in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional health survey conducted in three cities
| 2,014 |
University of Rajshahi|Jessore University of Science and Technology|Jessore University of Science and Technology|Jessore University of Science and Technology|Jessore University of Science and Technology|Jessore University of Science and Technology|Jessore University of Science and Technology
|
antibiotics prescribing physicians gained due importance across globe mainly increase antibiotic usage prevalence infections drug resistances present study aimed evaluate physicians prescribing pattern antibiotics usages outpatients disease conditions antibiotics prescribed three cities bangladesh cross sectional health survey carried self designed standard questionnaire manual data collection three months period 20032013 20062013 three adjacent cities jessore sadar monirampur keshabpur upazila respectively data collected patients prescription directly interviewing patients prescribed least one antibiotic study period anatomical therapeutic chemical atc classifications antibiotics used descriptive statistics applied collected data analyzed using microsoft excel software modified wald method applied calculate 95 ci total 900 prescriptions analyzed study period found prescriber prescribed antibiotics patients suffering mainly cold fever infections diarrhea gonorrhea highest prescribed antibiotic groups cephalosporins 3178 macrolides 2733 quinolones 1633 penicillins 711 metronidazoles 678 respectively two antibiotics prescribed 2544 prescriptions total 6689 prescriptions complete information dosage form 57 complete direction antibiotics use 6422 patients completed full course antibiotics although 83 prescriptions clinical test using antibiotics even though percentages patients disease recovery 6178 incompliance 3822 research observed physicians prescribed antibiotics rationally cases needs ensure cases prescription irrational use leads spread bacterial resistance antibiotics related health problems findings important implications public education enforcement regulations regarding prescription antibiotics bangladesh
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10566-015-9307-0
|
Eric Merkley|Peter Loewen
|
Anti-intellectualism and the mass public’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic
| 2,021 |
University of Toronto|University of Toronto
|
antiintellectualism generalized distrust experts intellectuals important concept explaining publics engagement advice scientists experts ask whether shaped mass publics response coronavirus disease 2019 covid19 provide evidence consistent connection antiintellectualism covid19 risk perceptions social distancing mask usage misperceptions information acquisition using representative survey 27615 canadians conducted march july 2020 exploit panel component design n 4910 strongly link antiintellectualism withinrespondent change mask usage finally provide experimental evidence antiintellectualisms importance information search behaviour two conjoint studies n 2500 show preferences covid19 news covid19 information experts dissipate among respondents higher levels antiintellectual sentiment antiintellectualism poses fundamental challenge maintaining increasing public compliance expertguided covid19 health directives merkley loewen find antiintellectualism distrust experts intellectuals linked covid19 misperceptions compliance public health directives information search using survey experimental data canada
|
https://doi.org/10.3126/jcmc.v3i4.9550
|
Jaclynn M Moskow|Nicole Cook|Carisa Champion-Lippmann|Saint Anthony Amofah|Angela S. García
|
Identifying opportunities in EHR to improve the quality of antibiotic allergy data
| 2,015 |
Nova Southeastern University|Nova Southeastern University|Nova Southeastern University|Health Choice Network|Nova Southeastern University
|
antimicrobial resistance growing global public health crisis due large part overuse misuse antibiotics understanding medication allergy data allergy reactions documented electronic health records ehrs help identify opportunities improve quality documentation betalactam allergies thus potentially reducing prescribing alternative antibioticsmedication allergies allergy reactions recorded ehr 319 051 patients seen across 32 community health centers reviewed patients betalactam allergy recorded ehr identified free text well standardized allergy allergy reaction fields analyzedamong patients 91 n 29 095 evidence betalactam allergy recorded ehr women white nonhispanic patients likely documented allergy compared men black hispanic patients among patients documented betalactam allergy 362 empty missing allergy reaction description ehrfindings suggest current ehr documentation practices among health centers reviewed provide enough information allergic reactions allow providers discern true allergies common anticipated drug side effects improved ehr documentation guidance training reinforces use standardized data detailed recording allergic reactions combined initiatives address patient barriers including health literacy may help improve accuracy drug allergies patients records initiatives combined antimicrobial stewardship programs help reduce inappropriate prescribing alternative antibiotics betalactam antibiotics firstline tolerated
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/2325967118805386
|
Mary Ann Davies|Andrew Boulle|Tanzeem Fakir|James Nuttall|Brian Eley
|
Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in young children in Cape Town, South Africa, measured by medication return and caregiver self-report: a prospective cohort study
| 2,008 |
Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital|University of Cape Town|University of Cape Town|Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital|University of Cape Town|Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital|University of Cape Town|Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital|University of Cape Town
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antiretroviral therapy art dramatically improves outcomes children africa however excellent adherence required treatment success study describes utility different measures adherence detecting lapses infants young children cape town south africa prospective cohort 122 hivinfected children commenced art adherence measured monthly first year treatment medication return mr syrups tabletscapsules questionnaire administered caregivers 3 months treatment assess experience giving medication selfreported adherence viral immune response treatment assessed end one year associations measured adherence determined medication returned 115122 94 children median age iqr 37 16 61 months ninetyone 79 children achieved annual average mr adherence 90 important covariate associated viral suppression adjustment disease severity 55 95ci 08356 p 0075 however associated immunological response art 3 months art 13 10 children deceased 11 10 lost followup questionnaires completed 8798 90 caregivers remained care sensitivity poor reported adherence missing 1 dose previous 3 days mr adherence 90 318 95 ci 107 530 caregivers 3387 384 children reported difficulties giving medication commonly poor palatability 218 independent sociodemographic predictors mr adherence 90 secondary education caregivers 449 95ci 110 1824 access water electricity 265 95ci 093 755 taking ritonavir negatively associated mr adherence 90 037 95ci 013 102 excellent adherence art possible african infants young children relatively simple low technology measure adherence mr strongly predicts viral response better socioeconomic status palatable regimens associated better adherence
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-991
|
Cornelia Pechmann|Guangzhi Zhao|Marvin E. Goldberg|Ellen Reibling
|
What to Convey in Antismoking Advertisements for Adolescents: The use of Protection Motivation Theory to Identify Effective Message Themes
| 2,003 |
University of California, Irvine|University of California, Irvine|Pennsylvania State University|University of California, Irvine
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antismoking advertising increasingly used message content controversial initial study adolescents coded 194 advertisements authors identified seven common message themes using protection motivation theory authors develop hypotheses regarding message theme effects cognitions intentions test experiment involving 1667 adolescents three seven message themes increased adolescents nonsmoking intentions compared control enhancing adolescents perceptions smoking poses severe social disapproval risks message themes increased health risk severity perceptions undermined low perceived vulnerability
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https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11071044
|
Emily Simonoff|James Elander|Janet Holmshaw|Andrew Pickles|Robin M. Murray|Michael Rutter
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Predictors of antisocial personality
| 2,004 |
London Metropolitan University|Centre for Mental Health|University of Manchester|Psychiatry Research Trust
|
antisocial behaviour adult life roots childhoodto explore independent joint effects childhood characteristics persistence antisocial behaviour adult lifea clinical sample twins systematically ascertained childhood followed 1025 years later total 225 twins interviewed regarding childhood adult psychiatric disorder psychosocial functioning psychosocial cognitive risk factorsin univariate analyses childhood hyperactivity conduct disorder showed equally strong prediction antisocial personality disorder aspd criminality early midadult life lower iq reading problems prominent relationships childhood adolescent antisocial behaviour multivariate modelling childhood conduct disorder hyperactivity predicted adult aspd even intervening risk factors accounted number hyperactive conduct symptoms also predicted adult outcomechildhood disruptive behaviour powerful longterm effects adult antisocial outcomes continue middle adulthood importance number symptoms presence disruptive disorder intermediate experiences highlight three areas interventions might targeted
|
https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2019.0260
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Natalie Schüz|Julia Walters|Helen Cameron-Tucker|Jenn Scott|Richard Wood?Baker|E Haydn Walters
|
Patient Anxiety and Depression Moderate the Effects of Increased Self-management Knowledge on Physical Activity: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial on Health-Mentoring in COPD
| 2,015 |
University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania|University of Tasmania
|
anxiety depression common comorbidities people chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd comorbidities could potentially lead higher motivation learn selfmanagement could also inhibit patients translating knowledge appropriate selfmanagement behaviours paper explores moderating effects anxiety depression healthmentoring intervention focusing mechanisms change mediation182 copd patients participated rct anxiety depression assessed hospital anxiety depression scale hads selfmanagement knowledge partners health scale spontaneous physical activity using accelerometers measured baseline 6 12 months moderated mediation model tested interventions effect physical activity mediated via changes selfmanagement knowledge different levels anxiety depressionknowledge mediated effect intervention changes physical activity participants reporting low levels anxiety depression acted moderators increased knowledge led physical activity among participants reporting low anxiety depression less activity among highly anxious depressed participantsalthough healthmentoring interventions effective tool increase knowledge physical activity among copd patients essential take anxiety depression account increased knowledge may detrimental effects highly anxious depressed participants suggests patients elevated anxiety depression may need treated appropriately engaging chronic disease selfmanagement interventions
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/ina.13136
|
Panu Pihkala
|
Eco-Anxiety and Environmental Education
| 2,020 |
University of Helsinki
|
anxiety distress ecological crisis seems rapidly growing phenomenon article analyzes challenges possibilities posed ecoanxiety environmental education variations ecoanxiety analyzed argued educators aware multiple forms phenomenon ecoanxiety found closely connected many difficult emotions grief guilt anger despair however anxiety also adaptive dimension called practical anxiety anxiety connected expectation motivation hopes previous research ecoanxiety ecological emotions various disciplines discussed related studies various fields education brought together based extensive literature review theoretical analyses made using philosophical method argued environmental educators need organizational peer support relation difficult emotions order develop emotional skills work educators first practice selfreflection ecoanxiety many possibilities help audiences develop emotional resilience potential practical activities related ecoanxiety discussed drawing various fields education include validation ecoanxiety ecological emotions providing safe spaces discuss possible providing embodied creative activities fully deliberate
|
https://doi.org/10.3390/sports8060088
|
Xinyu Zhou|Yuqing Zhang|Toshi A Furukawa|Pim Cuijpers|Juncai Pu|John R. Weisz|Lining Yang|Sarah Hetrick|Cinzia Del Giovane|Doron Cohen|Anthony James|Shuai Yuan|Craig Whittington|Xiaofeng Jiang|Teng Teng|Andrea Cipriani|Peng Xie
|
Different Types and Acceptability of Psychotherapies for Acute Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents
| 2,019 |
First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Chongqing Medical University|Dalian Medical University|Chongqing Medical University|Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Kyoto University|Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam|First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Chongqing Medical University|Harvard University Press|First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Chongqing Medical University|University of Auckland|University of Melbourne|University of Bern|Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital|Sorbonne Université|Institut Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique|University of Oxford|First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Chongqing Medical University|First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Chongqing Medical University|First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Chongqing Medical University|University of Oxford|First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University|Chongqing Medical University
|
anxiety disorders common children adolescents uncertainty remains regarding optimal strategy psychotherapies populationto compare rank different types psychotherapies different ways delivering psychological treatments anxiety disorders children adolescentspubmed cochrane central register controlled trials embase psycinfo web science cinahl cumulative index nursing allied health literature proquest dissertations lilacs literatura latino americana em cincias da sade international trial registers us food drug administration reports searched inception november 30 2017randomized clinical trials compared structured psychotherapy another psychotherapy control condition anxiety disorders children adolescents selectedfour researchers independently performed data extraction quality assessment pairwise metaanalyses bayesian network metaanalysis within randomeffects model used synthesize dataefficacy change anxiety symptoms posttreatment followup acceptability allcause discontinuation quality life functional improvement measured certainty evidence assessed using grading recommendations assessment development evaluation frameworka total 101 unique trials including 6625 unique participants compared 11 different psychotherapies 4 specific control conditions certainty evidence rated low low comparisons efficacy psychotherapies significantly effective wait list condition posttreatment standardized mean difference smd 143 061 longest followup smd 184 164 however group cognitive behavioral therapy cbt significantly effective psychotherapies control conditions posttreatment acceptability bibliotherapy cbt significantly allcause discontinuations psychotherapies control conditions range odds ratios 248932 terms quality life functional improvement cbt delivered different ways significantly beneficial compared psychological placebo wait list condition smds 073 199group cbt would appropriate choice psychotherapy anxiety disorders children adolescents based findings types psychotherapies different ways delivering psychological treatment alternative options research needed explore specific anxiety disorders disorderspecific psychotherapy moderators treatment effectprospero identifier crd42015016283
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https://doi.org/10.2147/ppa.s51124
|
Meredith E. Coles|Shannon L. Coleman
|
Barriers to treatment seeking for anxiety disorders: initial data on the role of mental health literacy
| 2,010 |
Binghamton University|Binghamton University
|
anxiety disorders represent single largest mental health problem united states greenberg et al 1999 j clin psychiatry 60427435 rice miller 1998 br j psychiatry 17349 however individuals anxiety disorders never seek treatment henderson et al 2002 j psychiatry 47819824 mojtabai et al 2002 arch gen psychiatry 597784 roness et al 2005 acta psychiatr scand 1115158 deficits ability recognize anxiety disorders beliefs ie mental health literacy may contribute low levels help seekingsurvey data assessing mental health literacy multiple anxiety disorders depression collected 284 undergraduate students enrolled psychology courses public university united states specifically respondents presented vignettes portraying individuals experiencing various forms mental illness asked label disorder cause whether would recommend treatmentfindings showed social phobia obsessive compulsive disorder ocd associated recognition rates generally high similar depression approximately 80 contrast less half respondents labeled panic disorder generalized anxiety disorder gad correctly symptoms ocd attributed mental illness approximately 50 respondents attributions rare anxiety disorders studied 12 finally data helpseeking recommendations suggested recommendations far universal varied different anxiety disorders according perceptions causes symptomsgiven current sample welleducated young adults mental health literacy general public may even lower
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1748-5908-6-111
|
Xueling Xiao|Jinshun Xiao|Juqin Yao|Yaling Chen|Leorey N. Saligan|Nancy Reynolds|Honghong Wang
|
<p>The Role of Resilience and Gender in Relation to Infectious-Disease-Specific Health Literacy and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic</p>
| 2,020 |
Central South University|Wuhan College|Central South University|Wuhan University of Science and Technology|National Institute of Nursing Research|Johns Hopkins University|Central South University
|
anxiety one psychological problems experienced general population current coronavirus disease 2019 covid19 pandemic health literacy infectiousdiseasespecific health literacy associated anxiety mechanism association clear study explored relationship infectiousdiseasespecific health literacy anxietywe conducted online survey hubei province early epicenter covid19 pandemic total 1038 covid19negative participants accomplished battery online survey tools determining sociodemographic characteristics perceived risk acquiring covid19 infectiousdiseasespecific health literacy resilience anxiety symptoms examined moderated mediation models mediator resilience moderator gendermost 63 study participants experienced least mild anxiety indirect effect infectiousdiseasespecific health literacy anxiety resilience 0282 95 confidence interval ci 0511 0083 contributing 327 total effect health literacy anxiety resilience fully mediated association mediation effect resilience tended stronger male participants female participants moderation effect gender remained included perceived risk acquiring covid19 modelresilience found mediate association infectiousdiseasespecific health literacy anxiety individuals good infectiousdiseasespecific health literacy likely acquire higher resilience may turn decrease anxiety level males may benefit mediation effect resilience current pandemic infectiousdiseasespecific health literacy programs may help reduce anxiety program participants enhancing resilience pandemic
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.06.016
|
Jaya Krishnakumar
|
Going Beyond Functionings to Capabilities: An Econometric Model to Explain and Estimate Capabilities
| 2,007 |
University of Geneva|Faculty of 1000 (United Kingdom)
|
attempt operationalize capability approach necessitates adequate framework measurement abstract unobservable multidimensional concept term capability stands forone attempt latent variable approach considers different dimensions capability human development unobserved variables factors manifesting measurable indicatorsin paper propose structural equation econometric model accounts interdependence among latent dimensions observed endogenous factors includes causal exogenous variables affecting latent dimensions indicatorswe estimate model using data crosssection countries across world use empirical model derive capability indicators different dimensions
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0000668
|
Perri Klass|Benard P. Dreyer|Alan L. Mendelsohn
|
Reach Out and Read: Literacy Promotion in Pediatric Primary Care
| 2,009 |
Bellevue Hospital Center|New York University|Bellevue Hospital Center|New York University|Bellevue Hospital Center|New York University
|
anyone works children especially child development balances quantifiable ineffable one looks socialemotional development specifically infant attachment parentchild interactions one must take account carefully argued theories mental social development define history developmental psychology vast literature observation experimentation variations described cultural anthropologists clashes naturenurture debate
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199526
|
Karyn Moffatt|Joanna McGrenere|Barbara Purves|Maria Klawe
|
The participatory design of a sound and image enhanced daily planner for people with aphasia
| 2,004 |
University of British Columbia|University of British Columbia|University of British Columbia|Princeton University
|
aphasia cognitive disorder impairs speech language interviews aphasic individuals caregivers speechlanguage pathologists need identified daily planner allows aphasic users independently manage appointments used participatory design approach develop esi planner enhanced sound images planner use pda subsequently evaluated lab study methodology used order achieve usable adoptable technology addition describing experience designing esi planner two main contributions provided general guidelines working special populations development technology design guidelines accessible handheld technology
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https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0325
|
Allison R. Kaup|Jasmine Nettiksimmons|Tamara B. Harris|Kaycee M. Sink|Suzanne Satterfield|Andrea Metti|Hilsa N. Ayonayon|Kristine Yaffe
|
Cognitive Resilience to Apolipoprotein E ?4
| 2,015 |
San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|University of California, San Francisco|National Institute on Aging|Wake Forest University|University of Tennessee Health Science Center|University of Pittsburgh|University of California, San Francisco|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco
|
apolipoprotein e apoe 4 established risk factor cognitive decline development dementia factors may help minimize effectsusing apoe 4 indicator high risk investigated factors associated cognitive resilience among black white older adults apoe 4 carriersparticipants included 2487 communitydwelling older aged 6980 years baseline black white adults examined 2 community clinics prospective cohort health aging body composition health abc study baseline visits occurred may 1997 june 1998 primary analytic cohort consisted 670 apoe 4 carriers 329 black 341 white participants free cognitive impairment baseline underwent repeated cognitive testing 11year followup 2008 using modified minimental state examinationwe stratified analyses race using modified minimental state examination scores assessed normative cognitive change entire cohort n 2487 classified apoe 4 carriers cognitively resilient vs nonresilient comparing cognitive trajectories entire cohort conducted bivariate analyses multivariable random forest logistic regression analyses explore factors predictive cognitive resilience apoe 4 carriersamong white apoe 4 carriers strongest predictors cognitive resilience relative order importance recent negative life events higher literacy level advanced age higher educational level time spent reading among black apoe 4 carriers strongest predictors cognitive resilience relative order importance higher literacy level higher educational level female sex absence diabetes mellitus followup logistic regression models higher literacy level adjusted odds ratio 950 95 ci 2676089 higher educational level adjusted college graduate vs less high school 381 95 ci 1131756 age adjusted 7376 vs 6972 years 201 95 ci 113363 significant independent effects predicting cognitive resilience among white apoe 4 carriers among black apoe 4 carriers higher literacy level adjusted 227 95 ci 129406 higher educational level adjusted high school graduatesome college vs less high school 286 95 ci 154549 adjusted college graduate vs less high school 252 95 ci 114562 significant independent effects predicting cognitive resiliencealthough apoe 4 carriers high risk cognitive decline findings suggest possible intervention targets including enhancement cognitive reserve improvement psychosocial health factors promote cognitive resilience among black white apoe 4 carriers
|
https://doi.org/10.1086/338649
|
Kwasi Appeaning Addo|Robert J. Nicholls|Samuel Nii Ardey Codjoe|Mumuni Abu
|
A Biophysical and Socioeconomic Review of the Volta Delta, Ghana
| 2,018 |
University of Ghana|University of Southampton|University of Ghana|University of Ghana
|
appeaning addo k nicholls rj codjoe sna abu 2018 biophysical socioeconomic review volta delta ghanadelta regions dynamic rich environments diverse economic activities often densely populated deltas shaped multiple drivers including changes sediment delivery coastal zone due catchment changes especially construction dams major rivers intensified agriculture andor aquaculture mining urbanisation humaninduced subsidence climate change sealevel rise environmental challenges significant implications livelihoods delta residents thus integrated assessment deltas attracting attention scientific research community analyse understand deltas coupled biophysical socioeconomic systems attention focussed major deltas review focusses smaller regionally significant volta delta ghana previous scientific studies limited focus upstream volta river basin many contemporary problems recognised volta delta especially erosion flooding open coast fringe town keta however problems treated independently may hinder identifying root causes effective solutions equally emergence new problems might anticipated hence better managed even avoided paper reviews present delta emphasis biophysical processes socioeconomic characteristics considers particular current drivers challenges information research agenda established systemic approach understanding volta delta including residents development
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-018-1929-4
|
Paul Langley
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Uncertain Subjects of Anglo-American Financialization
| 2,007 | null |
appearing first time four months terrorist attacks 911 web site mcwhortle enterprises publicized launch biohazard alert detector detector small enough slip mans jacket pocket womans purse childs backpack first product offered company general public based upon mcwortles experience providing defense systems farflung executives fortune 500 companies detector works sensing microscopic levels hazardous bioorganisms deadly virus organisms owners detector considerable peace mind safe knowledge emits audible beep flashes presence known biohazards huge potential market detector mcwhortles previous successas evidenced web site customer testimonials audio interview president thomas j mcwhortle iiiled company announce initial public offering ipo press release january 25 20022 mcwhortles stated intention file registration statement us securities exchange commission sec five days later order enact ipo press release also stressed sec advised us preapproved ipo nation needs product like market quickly possible protect americans terrorism responded press release trying mcwhortle invest section web site told ipo presubscribed stage 2 bidding still available however passed portal attempted participate stage 2 bidding
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https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-10-738
|
Gerd Gigerenzer
|
How I Got Started: Teaching Physicians and Judges Risk Literacy
| 2,013 |
Max Planck Institute for Human Development
|
applied cognitive psychologyvolume 28 issue 4 p 612614 end notes got started teaching physicians judges risk literacy gerd gigerenzer corresponding author gerd gigerenzer center adaptive behavior cognition max planck institute human development berlin germany correspondence gerd gigerenzer center adaptive behavior cognition max planck institute human development berlin germany email email protectedsearch papers author gerd gigerenzer corresponding author gerd gigerenzer center adaptive behavior cognition max planck institute human development berlin germany correspondence gerd gigerenzer center adaptive behavior cognition max planck institute human development berlin germany email email protectedsearch papers author first published 27 november 2013 httpsdoiorg101002acp2980citations 5read full textaboutpdf toolsrequest permissionexport citationadd favoritestrack citation shareshare give accessshare full text accessshare fulltext accessplease review terms conditions use check box share fulltext version articlei read accept wiley online library terms conditions useshareable linkuse link share fulltext version article friends colleagues learn morecopy url references bond 2009 risk school nature 46129 1189 1192 eddy 1982 probabilistic reasoning clinical medicine problems opportunities kahneman p slovic tversky eds judgment uncertainty heuristics biases pp 249 267 cambridge uk cambridge university press gigerenzer g 2002 calculated risks know numbers deceive new york simon schuster uk version reckoning risk learning live uncertainty london penguin gigerenzer g 2004 mindless statistics journal socioeconomics 33 587 606 doi 101016jsocec200409033 gigerenzer g 2014 risk savvy make good decisions new york viking gigerenzer g edwards g k 2003 simple tools understanding risks innumeracy insight british medical journal 327 741 744 doi 101136bmj3277417741 gigerenzer g hoffrage u 1995 improve bayesian reasoning without instruction frequency formats psychological review 102 684 704 doi 1010370033295x1024684 gigerenzer g hoffrage u 1999 overcoming difficulties bayesian reasoning reply lewis keren mellers mcgraw psychological review 106 425 430 doi 1010370033295x1062425 g gigerenzer j muir gray eds 2011 better doctors better patients better decisions envisioning health care 2020 cambridge mit press gigerenzer g murray j 1987 cognition intuitive statistics hillsdale nj erlbaum gigerenzer g fiedler k olsson h 2012 rethinking cognitive biases environmental consequences p todd g gigerenzer abc research group ecological rationality intelligence world pp 80 110 new york oxford university press gigerenzer g gaissmaier w kurzmilcke e schwartz l woloshin 2007 helping doctors patients make sense health statistics psychological science public interest 8 53 96 g gigerenzer r hertwig pachur eds 2011 heuristics foundations adaptive behavior new york oxford university press gigerenzer g hoffrage u kleinblting h 1991 probabilistic mental models brunswikian theory confidence psychological review 98 506 528 doi 1010370033295x984506 gigerenzer g swijtink z porter daston l beatty j krger l 1989 empire chance probability changed science everyday life cambridge uk cambridge university press hoffrage u gigerenzer g 1998 using natural frequencies improve diagnostic inferences academic medicine 73 538 540 doi 1010970000188819980500000024 hoffrage u kurzenhuser gigerenzer g 2000 wie kann man die bedeutung medizinischer testbefunde besser verstehen und kommunizieren zeitschrift fr rztliche fortbilding und qualittssicherung 94 713 719 kahneman 2011 thinking fast slow london allen lane kahneman p slovic tversky eds 1982 judgment uncertainty heuristics biases cambridge uk cambridge university press kleiter g 1994 natural sampling rationality without base rates g h fischer laming eds contributions mathematical psychology psychometrics methodology pp 375 388 new york springer koehler j j 1997 one millions billions trillions lessons people vs collins 1968 people vs simpson 1995 journal legal education 47 214 223 lichtenstein fischhoff b phillips l 1982 calibration probabilities state art 1980 kahneman p slovic tversky eds judgment uncertainty heuristics biases pp 306 334 cambridge uk cambridge university press thaler r h sunstein c r 2008 nudge improving decisions health wealth happiness new ct yale university press wegwarth gaissmaier w gigerenzer g 2011 deceiving numbers survival rates impact doctors risk communication medical decision making 313 386 394 doi 1011770272989x10391469 citing literature volume28 issue4julyaugust 2014pages 612614 referencesrelatedinformation
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https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-1568-x
|
Tessie W. October|Zoelle B. Dizon|Debra Roter
|
Is it my turn to speak? An analysis of the dialogue in the family-physician intensive care unit conference
| 2,018 |
George Washington University|Children's National|Johns Hopkins University
|
apply turn analysis family conferences pediatric intensive care unitwe analyzed 39 audiorecorded family conferences using roter interaction analysis system turn defined continuous block uninterrupted statements speakeropening turns healthcare team hct averaged 207s compared 28s families turn density number statementsturn 6 hct versus 2 families p00001 average 21 turns 26 occurred hct members resulting substantial sections dialogue excluding family average hct dialogue reflected literacy demand 9th grade level whereas family dialogue averaged 5th grade level p00001 hct turns related higher reading level demand r034 p003 lower levels patientcenteredness r035 p003the healthcare team improve communication experience families encouraging facilitating family engagement conference dialoguechanging healthcare team engages families communication events vital improving experience families data suggests simple adjustments limiting medical jargon interteam turns may lead increased family participation familycentered care
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/0956247812456356
|
Elizabeth McGill|Vanessa Er|Tarra L. Penney|Matt Egan|Martin White|Petra Meier|Margaret Whitehead|Karen Lock|Rachel Anderson de Cuevas|Richard Smith|Natalie Savona|Harry Rutter|Dalya Marks|Frank de Vocht|Steven Cummins|Jennie Popay|Mark Petticrew
|
Evaluation of public health interventions from a complex systems perspective: A research methods review
| 2,021 |
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|MRC Epidemiology Unit|University of Cambridge|Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|MRC Epidemiology Unit|University of Cambridge|University of Sheffield|University of Liverpool|University of Exeter|University of Liverpool|University of Exeter|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|University of Bath|Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|University of Bristol|Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine|Lancaster University|Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene|London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
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applying complex systems perspective public health evaluation may increase relevance strength evidence improve health reduce health inequalities review methods aimed classify describe different complex systems methods evaluation applied public health ii examine kinds evaluative evidence generated different methods adapted critical review methods identify evaluations public health interventions used systems methods conducted expert consultation searched electronic databases scopus medline web science followed citations relevant systematic reviews evaluations included selfidentified using systems complexityinformed methods evaluated existing hypothetical public health interventions case studies selected illustrate different types complex systems evaluation seventyfour unique studies met inclusion criteria framework developed map included studies onto different stages evaluation process parallels planning delivery assessment delivery phases interventions seek inform stages include 1 theorising 2 prediction simulation 3 process evaluation 4 impact evaluation 5 prediction simulation within framework broadly categorised methodological approaches mapping modelling network analysis system framing application complex systems perspective range study designs studies frequently applied one type systems method range complex systems methods utilised adapted combined produce different types evaluative evidence methodological innovation systems evaluation may generate stronger evidence improve health reduce health inequalities complex world
|
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2020.00156
|
Cynthia M. Boyd|Jennifer L. Wolff|Erin R. Giovannetti|Lisa Reider|Carlos O. Weiss|Xue Qin|Bruce Leff|Chad Boult|Travonia Hughes|Cynthia M. Rand
|
Healthcare Task Difficulty Among Older Adults With Multimorbidity
| 2,014 |
Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins University|Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University
|
applying diseasespecific guidelines people multimorbidity may result complex regimens impose treatment burdento describe validate measure healthcare task difficulty hctd sample older adults multimorbiditycrosssectional longitudinal secondary data analysismultimorbid adults aged 65 years older primary care clinicswe generated scale 016 selfreported difficulty 8 hctd conducted factor analysis assess dimensionality internal consistency assess predictive ability crosssectional associations hctd number chronic diseases conditions add health status complexity falls visual hearing impairment patient activation patientreported quality chronic illness care patient assessment chronic illness care mental physical health sf36 tested using statistical tests trend n904 longitudinal analyses effects change hctd changes outcomes conducted among subset n370 1 followup 6 andor 18 months models adjusted age education sex race timegreater hctd associated worse mental physical health cuzick test trend p005 patientreported quality chronic illness care p005 longitudinal analysis increasing patient activation associated declining hctd time p001 increasing hctd time associated declining mental p0001 physical health p0001 patientreported quality chronic illness care p005the findings study establish construct validity hctd scale
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0169281
|
Kimberly A. Kaphingst|Susan Persky|Cade McCall|Christina Lachance|Johanna Loewenstein|Andrew C. Beall|Jim Blascovich
|
Testing the effects of educational strategies on comprehension of a genomic concept using virtual reality technology
| 2,009 |
National Human Genome Research Institute|National Human Genome Research Institute|University of California, Santa Barbara|National Human Genome Research Institute|National Human Genome Research Institute|University of California, Santa Barbara|University of California, Santa Barbara
|
applying genetic susceptibility information improve health likely require educating patients abstract concepts little existing research experimental study examined effect learning mode comprehension genomic concept 156 individuals aged 1840 without specialized knowledge randomly assigned either virtual reality active learning didactic learning condition outcome comprehension recall transfer mental models change recall greater didactic learning active learning p 0001 mean transfer change mental models also higher didactic learning p 00001 p 005 respectively believability higher didactic learning p 005 ratings motivation p 005 interest p 00001 enjoyment p 00001 higher active learning variables mediate association learning mode comprehension results show learning mode affects comprehension additional research needed regarding contexts different approaches best educating patients abstract concepts didactic interpersonal health education approaches may effective interactive games educating patients abstract unfamiliar concepts findings indicate importance traditional health education approaches emerging areas like genomics
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-010-0130-x
|
Stine Lund|Birgitte Bruun Nielsen|Maryam Hemed|Ida Marie Boas|Azzah Said|Khadija Said|Mkoko H Makungu|Vibeke Rasch
|
Mobile phones improve antenatal care attendance in Zanzibar: a cluster randomized controlled trial
| 2,014 |
University of Copenhagen|Aarhus University Hospital|University of Copenhagen|Odense University Hospital
|
applying mobile phones healthcare increasingly prioritized strengthen healthcare systems antenatal care potential reduce maternal morbidity improve newborns survival benefit may realized subsaharan africa attendance quality care declining evaluated association mobile phone intervention antenatal care resourcelimited setting aimed assess antenatal care comprehensive way taking consideration utilisation antenatal care well content timing interventions pregnancy study open label pragmatic clusterrandomised controlled trial primary healthcare facilities zanzibar unit randomisation 2550 pregnant women 1311 interventions 1239 controls attended antenatal care selected primary healthcare facilities included first antenatal care visit followed 42 days delivery 24 primary health care facilities six districts randomized either mobile phone intervention standard care intervention consisted mobile phone textmessage voucher component primary outcome measure four antenatal care visits pregnancy secondary outcome measures tetanus vaccination preventive treatment malaria gestational age last antenatal care visit antepartum referral mobile phone intervention associated increase antenatal care attendance intervention group 44 women received four antenatal care visits versus 31 control group 239 95 ci 103555 trend towards improved timing quality antenatal care services across secondary outcome measures although statistically significant wired mothers mobile phone intervention significantly increased proportion women receiving recommended four antenatal care visits pregnancy trend towards improved quality care women receiving preventive health services women attending antenatal care late pregnancy women antepartum complications identified referred mobile phone applications may contribute towards improved maternal newborn health considered policy makers resourcelimited settings clinicaltrialsgov nct01821222
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022002715600755
|
Caroline Mwongera|Kelvin Mashisia Shikuku|Jennifer Twyman|Peter Läderach|Edidah Ampaire|Piet van Asten|Steve Twomlow|Leigh Winowiecki
|
Climate smart agriculture rapid appraisal (CSA-RA): A tool for prioritizing context-specific climate smart agriculture technologies
| 2,017 |
International Center for Tropical Agriculture|International Center for Tropical Agriculture|International Center for Tropical Agriculture|International Center for Tropical Agriculture|International Institute of Tropical Agriculture|International Institute of Tropical Agriculture|International Fund for Agricultural Development|World Agroforestry Centre
|
approaches aim identify prioritize locally appropriate climate smart agriculture csa technologies need address contextspecific multidimensional complexity agricultural systems climate smart agriculture rapid appraisal csara mixed method approach draws participatory bottomup qualitative quantitative tools assess heterogeneity local contexts prioritize contextspecific csa options imperative countries respond cop21 agreement meet intended nationally determined contributions indcs csara designed assess biophysical including climatic sociocultural economic technological characteristics household farm communityregional level csara employs genderdisaggregated methods including gender differences perceptions climate change impacts csara combines common participatory rural appraisal pra rapid rural appraisal rra tools one methodology disaggregates gender dimension includes resource mapping climate calendars historical calendars cropping calendars organization mapping transect walks key informant interviews farmer interviews pairwise ranking matrix tool collects qualitative quantitative data various stakeholders farmers local leaders researchers locallevel agricultural experts private sector actors donor organizations policy implementers allowing expansive analysis triangulation validation application csara tanzania uganda reveals heterogeneity across sites terms vulnerability constraints csa priorities among different social groups gender agroecological zones thus csara allows stakeholders simultaneously take account biophysical socioeconomic aspects target implement csa
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0035851
|
Rachel A. Razza|Anne Martin|Jeanne Brooks?Gunn
|
Are Approaches to Learning in Kindergarten Associated with Academic and Social Competence Similarly?
| 2,015 |
Syracuse University|Families USA|Columbia University|Center for Children|Families USA|Columbia University|Center for Children
|
approaches learning atl key domain school readiness important implications childrens academic trajectories interestingly however impact early atl childrens social competence examined study examines associations childrens atl age 5 academic achievement social competence age 9 within atrisk sample tested whether atl followed compensatory growth model helpful fewest skills respect academics cumulative advantage model helpful skills respect socioemotional outcomes participants n 669 drawn fragile families child wellbeing study predominantly lowincome minority sample models regressing age 9 academic social competence age 5 atl tested moderation atl age 5 levels competence within domain atl associated academic ie reading math achievement social ie externalizing problems social skills competence interestingly atl advantageous respect externalizing problems children higher initial levels competence fewer problem behaviors advantageous academic competence children lower initial levels competence findings highlight importance early atl academic social success support critical intervention target atl may help narrow achievement gap atrisk children reducing gap externalizing problems may require targeted strategies high early problem behavior
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/08886504.1996.10782167
|
Sochana Sapkota|Shakuntala Shrestha
|
Complementary Feeding Practices Among The Caretakers Of The Young Children At Kathmandu
| 2,014 |
Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences
|
appropriate complementary feeding practices important proper growth development children objective study find knowledge practices complementary feeding among caretakers young children cross sectional descriptive study conducted taking 195 caretakers 6 24 months children randomly selected wards ramkot sewchatar ichangunarayan vdc kathmandu district descriptive inferential statistics chi square mcnemar test used data analysis caretakers adequate knowledge 595 regarding practices 8365 continuing breastfeeding 333 caretakers started complementary feeding 6 months even though the723 knowledge children minimum meal frequency 6465 minimum dietary diversity 723 minimum acceptable diet 5230 practice feeding vitamin rich fruits vegetables 31 observation caretakers said interview showing statistical significance mcnemar test occupation p0015 literacy status p0000 economic status p0000 association complementary feeding knowledge similarly economic status literacy status age caretakers significantly associated feeding practices knowledge levels well feeding practices found good caretakers young children large gaps found initiation complementary feeding feeding vitamin rich fruits vegetables journal chitwan medical college 2013 34 2529 doi httpdxdoiorg103126jcmcv3i49550
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2019.04.026
|
Rafael Kakazu|Adam P. Schumaier|Chelsea E. Minoughan|Brian M. Grawe
|
Poor Readability of AOSSM Patient Education Resources and Opportunities for Improvement
| 2,018 |
University of Cincinnati|University of Cincinnati Medical Center|University of Cincinnati|University of Cincinnati Medical Center|University of Cincinnati|University of Cincinnati Medical Center|University of Cincinnati|University of Cincinnati Medical Center
|
appropriate education disease processes associated orthopaedic pathology affect patient expectations functional outcomepatient education resources american orthopaedic society sports medicine aossm complex comprehension average orthopaedic patientcrosssectional studypatient education resources provided aossm analyzed software provided 10 readability scores well opportunities improving readability readability scores compared recommended eighthgrade reading levela total 39 patient education resources identified evaluated mean sd reading gradelevel scores follows colemanliau index 125 111 new dalechall readability formula 109 137 fleschkincaid grade level 99 106 forcast readability formula 114 051 fry readability formula 128 279 gunning fog index 119 137 raygor readability index 131 237 simple measure gobbledygook 123 090 automated readability index 112 118 new automated readability index 106 127 averaging reading gradelevel scores 1 patient education resource found written 8th 9thgrade level 14 36 written 12thgrade level scores significantly different eighthgrade level p 0065 percentage complex words long words 196 267 414 318 respectivelypatient education resources provided aossm significantly higher reading level recommended simple changes drastically improve scores increase health literacy possibly outcome
|
https://doi.org/10.1257/app.2.1.165
|
Peter W. Gething|Fiifi Amoako Johnson|Faustina Frempong-Ainguah|Philomena Nyarko|Angela Baschieri|Patrick Aboagye|Jane Falkingham|Zoë Matthews|Peter M. Atkinson
|
Geographical access to care at birth in Ghana: a barrier to safe motherhood
| 2,012 |
University of Oxford|University of Southampton|University of Southampton|University of Ghana|Ministry of Food and Agriculture|University of Ghana|University of Southampton|Ghana Health Service|University of Southampton|University of Southampton|University of Southampton
|
appropriate facilitybased care birth key determinant safe motherhood geographical access remains poor many high burden regions despite importance geographical access rarely audited systematically preventing integration nationallevel maternal health system assessment planning study develop uniquely detailed set spatiallylinked data calibrated geospatial model undertake nationalscale audit geographical access maternity care birth ghana highburden country typical many subsaharan africawe assembled detailed spatial data population health facilities landscape features influencing journeys used geospatial model estimate journeytime women childbearing age wocba nearest health facility offering differing levels care birth taking account different transport types availability calibrated model using data actual journeys made women seeking carewe found third women 34 ghana live beyond clinically significant twohour threshold facilities likely offer emergency obstetric neonatal care emonc classed partial standard better nearly half 45 live distance comprehensive emonc facilities offering lifesaving blood transfusion surgery remote regions figures rose 63 81 respectively poor levels access found many regions meet international targets based facilitiespercapita ratiosdetailed data assembly combined geospatial modelling provide nationwide audits geographical access care birth support systemic maternal health planning human resource deployment strategic targeting current international benchmarks maternal health care provision inadequate purposes fail take account location accessibility services relative women serve
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10997-004-1110-5
|
Ndivhudzannyi Muleka|Baatseba Maanaso|Mafiwa Phoku|Mabitsela H. Mphasha|Maishataba Solomon Makwela
|
Infant and Young Child Feeding Knowledge among Caregivers of Children Aged between 0 and 24 Months in Seshego Township, Limpopo Province, South Africa
| 2,023 |
University of Limpopo|University of Limpopo|University of Limpopo|University of Limpopo|University of Limpopo
|
appropriate infant young child feeding iycf involves initiation breastfeeding within hour delivery exclusive breastfeeding 6 months introduction complementary feeding 6 months continuing breastfeeding 2 years beyond adequate iycf knowledge among caregivers associated improved practices lowers risk kids developing malnutrition infection morbidity mortality early introduction solid foods mixed feeding inadequate breastfeeding complementary feeding prevalent south africa related caregivers lack iycf knowledge hence study aims determine iycf knowledge level caregivers children 24 months semiurban seshego township south africaquantitative crosssectional design applied total 86 caregivers selected using simple random sampling representative target population 110 structured questionnaire utilised gather data analysed statistical software using descriptive inferential statistics chisquare test used calculate associations 95 confidence interval pvalue 005 considered statistically significantfindings show 67 participants good iycf knowledge score 81 100 significant relationship knowledge education p 0001 moreover 407 know exclusive breastfeeding 6 months 90 mentioned breastmilk protects child diseases participants 826 know complementary feeding introduced 6 months continuation breastfeedingcaregivers know breastfeeding begin immediately birth protects diseases moreover know solid food introduced 6 months however still need strengthen iycf education particularly exclusive breastfeeding interventions improve iycf knowledge intertwined improving educational health literacy breastfeeding complementary feeding
|
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0022257
|
Subha Perni|Michael K. Rooney|David P. Horowitz|Daniel W. Golden|Anne R. McCall|Andrew J. Einstein|Reshma Jagsi
|
Assessment of Use, Specificity, and Readability of Written Clinical Informed Consent Forms for Patients With Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy
| 2,019 |
Columbia University|University of Illinois at Chicago|New York Hospital Queens|Columbia University|NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital|University of Chicago|University of Chicago|NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital|Columbia University|New York Hospital Queens|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
|
appropriate informed consent processes crucial preservation patient autonomy shared decision making although half patients cancer receive radiotherapy unknown whether current consent practices comprehensible patientsto characterize use specificity readability clinical informed consent forms radiotherapy hypothesizing forms would higher recommended sixth eighthgrade readability levelthis nationwide crosssectional survey study readability analysis conducted 2016 2018 included 89 academic radiation oncology departments part 2016 electronic residency application service department leaders clinical directors chairs personal contacts study authors academic radiation oncology departments contacted via emailreadability levels measured 7 validated readability indices including ford caylor sticht forcast index nonnarrative texts difficult words identified using living word vocabulary describes readability grade levels 40 000 common wordsof 89 departments 67 75 responded questions 57 64 provided 113 forms analysis departments providing forms differ substantially others terms region residency size research output rural vs urban location public vs private institution status departments obtained patient written informed consent radiotherapy 38 57 used body sitespecific forms using conservative lowscore estimate mean form readability ranged grade level 106 142 7 distinct indices 9 8 113 forms met recommended eighthgrade readability level 4 4 forms met sixthgrade level single form met either recommendation based forcast index forms used average 72 difficult words body sitespecific forms considerably better readability general consent formsthis nationwide study informed consent practices cancer treatment radiotherapy demonstrates us academic radiotherapy departments use written consent forms rare templates meet recommended readability levels patient materials data suggest need reevaluation modification approach radiotherapy consent ideally guidance templates designed national professional organizations
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2393-10-38
|
Takashi Kawasaki|Koki Kikuta|Motoya Hayashi|Michiko Bando|Kenichi Hasegawa|Takao Sawachi
|
A comprehensive survey analysis focusing on the effect of living literacy on residential environment and health recognition under COVID-19 in Japan.
| 2,022 |
Hokkaido University|Hokkaido University|Hokkaido University|National Institute of Public Health|Akita Prefectural University|Building Research Institute
|
appropriate knowledge actions residents housing expected reduce health effects defined living literacy spread covid19 diversification lifestyles quantitative evaluation comprehensive model includes living literacy housing environment required study author conducted two webbased surveys approximately 2000 different households japan summer 2020 winter 2021 statistical analysis based survey results result ventilation opening windows observed new resident behavior trend covid19 addition structural equation modeling using survey samples confirmed certain relationship living literacy subjective evaluation indoor environment health effects periods
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2009.10.005
|
Håvard Lorås
|
The Effects of Physical Education on Motor Competence in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
| 2,020 |
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
|
appropriate levels motor competence integrated part individuals healthrelated fitness physical education proposed important context developing broad range motor skills aim current study apply metaanalyses assess effectiveness curriculumbased physical education development overall motor competence children adolescents studies located searching seven databases included according predefined criteria random effects models using standardized effect size hedges g used aggregate results including examination heterogeneity inconsistency metaanalysis included 20 studies total 38 effect sizes calculated statistically significant improvement motor competence following curriculumbased physical education compared active control groups observed children adolescents g 069 95 ci 091 046 n 23 participants ages total time physical education intervention type motor competence assessment appear statistically significant moderators effect size physical education various curricula therefore increase overall motor competence children adolescents
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.105029
|
Hana Hasan Webair|Abdulla Bin-Gouth
|
Factors affecting health seeking behavior for common childhood illnesses in Yemen
| 2,013 |
Hadhramout University|Hadhramout University
|
appropriate medical care seeking could prevent significant number child deaths complications due ill health study aims determine factors affecting health seeking behavior hsb childhood illnesses thereby improving child survivala cross sectional study carried january 11 april 2 2012 total 212 caretakers children age 5 years participated caretakers visited vaccination unit shehair health center study period child history diarrhea fever cough andor difficulty breathing last 14 days included data collected interviewing caretakers answers reported pretested structured questionnairesmedical care sought half sick children n109 5142 seeking medical care frequently initiated illnesses improve worsened major reasons seeking medical care illness mild n40 3883 illness medical treatment n32 3107 caretakers sought medical care significantly higher level school education por prevalence odds ratio 585 95 ci confidence interval 2341461 illness perceived severe por 539 95 ci 2811033 child difficulty breathing por 293 95 ci 110780for preventable childhood illnesses existing interventions appropriate hsb prevalence low symptom type caretakers education perception illness severity predictors hsb educational improvement mothers introduction community based integrated management childhood illness indepth research imperative improve mothers hsb
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0132645
|
Melissa Brouwers|Carol De Vito|Lavannya Bahirathan|A Carol|June C. Carroll|Michelle Cotterchio|Maureen Dobbins|Barbara Lent|Cheryl Levitt|Nancy Lewis|S. Elizabeth McGregor|Lawrence Paszat|Carol Rand|Nadine Wathen
|
What implementation interventions increase cancer screening rates? a systematic review
| 2,011 |
Cancer Care Ontario|Cancer Care Ontario|McMaster University|University of Toronto|Mount Sinai Hospital|Cancer Care Ontario|McMaster University|Western University|McMaster University|Cancer Care Ontario|Alberta Health Services|University of Toronto|Western University
|
appropriate screening may reduce mortality morbidity colorectal breast cervical cancers however effective implementation strategies warranted full benefits screening realized part larger agenda create implementation guideline conducted systematic review evaluate interventions designed increase rate breast cervical colorectal cancer crc screening interventions considered client reminders client incentives mass media small media group education oneonone education reduction structural barriers reduction outofpocket costs provider assessment feedback interventions provider incentives primary outcome screening completion calculated overall median postintervention absolute percentage point pp change completed screening testsour first step conduct iterative scoping review research area yielded three relevant highquality systematic reviews serving evidentiary foundation conducted formal update randomized controlled trials cluster randomized controlled trials published 2004 2010 searched medline embase psychinfothe update yielded 66 studies new eligible studies 74 comparisons new studies ranged considerably quality client reminders small media provider audit feedback appear effective interventions increase uptake screening three cancers oneonone education reduction structural barriers also appears effective roles crc cervical screening respectively less established study required assess client incentives mass media group education reduction outofpocket costs provider incentive interventionsthe new evidence generally aligns evidence conclusions original systematic reviews review served evidentiary foundation implementation guideline poor reporting lack precision consistency defining operational elements insufficient consideration context differences among populations areas additional research
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/273035.273048
|
Mary Jane England|Catharyn T. Liverman|Andrea M. Schultz|Larisa M Strawbridge
|
Epilepsy across the spectrum: Promoting health and understanding.
| 2,012 |
Boston University|National Academy of Medicine|National Academy of Medicine|National Academy of Medicine
|
approximately 1 26 people develop epilepsy point lives although epilepsy one nations common neurological disorders public understanding limited complex spectrum disorders epilepsy affects estimated 22 million people united states living epilepsy seizures often defined practical terms challenges uncertainties limitations school social situations employment driving independent living people epilepsy also faced health community services fragmented uncoordinated difficult obtain institute medicines report 2012 1 iom epilepsy across spectrum promoting health understanding national academies press washington dc2012 google scholar epilepsy across spectrum promoting health understanding examines public health dimensions epilepsy focus public health surveillance data collection integration b population public health research c health policy health care human services education providers people epilepsy families public reports recommendations range expansion collaborative epilepsy surveillance efforts independent accreditation epilepsy centers coordination public awareness efforts engagement people epilepsy families education dissemination advocacy activities given current gaps epilepsy knowledge care education urgent need take actionacross multiple dimensionsto improve lives people epilepsy families realistic feasible actionoriented recommendations report help enable short longterm improvements people epilepsy
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/233977.233999
|
David G. Addiss|Jacky Louis?Charles|Jacquelin M. Roberts|Frederic LeConte|Joyanna Wendt|Marie Denise Milord|Patrick J. Lammie|Gerusa Dreyer
|
Feasibility and Effectiveness of Basic Lymphedema Management in Leogane, Haiti, an Area Endemic for Bancroftian Filariasis
| 2,010 |
Fetzer Institute|Michigan United|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|National Center for Infectious Diseases|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|National Center for Infectious Diseases|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|National Center for Infectious Diseases|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|National Center for Infectious Diseases
|
approximately 14 million persons living areas endemic lymphatic filariasis lymphedema leg clinical studies indicate repeated episodes bacterial acute dermatolymphangioadenitis adla lead progression lymphedema basic lymphedema management emphasizes hygiene skin care exercise leg elevation reduce adla frequency however studies prospectively evaluated effectiveness basic lymphedema management assessed role compressive bandaging lymphedema resourcepoor settingsbetween 1995 1998 prospectively monitored adla incidence leg volume 175 persons lymphedema leg enrolled lymphedema clinic leogane haiti area endemic wuchereria bancrofti first phase study major focus program reduce leg volume using compression bandages adla incidence 156 episodes per personyear march 1997 hygiene skin care systematically emphasized bandaging discouraged adla incidence decreased 048 episodes per personyear p00001 adla incidence significantly associated leg volume stage lymphedema illiteracy use compression bandages leg volume decreased 78 patients entire study period reduction statistically significant legs stage 2 lymphedema p 001basic lymphedema management emphasized hygiene selfcare associated 69 reduction adla incidence use compression bandages setting associated increased risk adla basic lymphedema management feasible effective resourcelimited areas endemic lymphatic filariasis
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/273035.273049
|
Harisharan Luintel|Randall Bluffstone|Robert M. Scheller
|
The effects of the Nepal community forestry program on biodiversity conservation and carbon storage
| 2,018 |
Portland State University|North Carolina State University
|
approximately 155 global forest controlled 1 billion local people area community control increasing however limited empirical evidence whether community control effective providing critical global ecosystem services biodiversity conservation carbon storage assess effectiveness one example communitycontrolled forest nepals community forestry program cfp providing biodiversity conservation carbon storage using data 620 randomly selected cfp noncfp forest plots apply robust matching method based covariates estimate whether cfps associated greater biodiversity conservation carbon storage results reveal significant positive effect cfp biodiversity robust influence unobserved covariates results also suggest significant negative effect cfp aboveground tree sapling carbon agc national scale 1511 mg c ha1 however cfp mixed effect carbon across geographic topographic regions forests different canopy covers though significant effects cfp agc lower altitudes terai hill regions closed canopies positive effects open canopies 2584 mg c ha1 lower slopes 2551 mg c ha1 negative effects higher altitudes 2281 mg c ha1 higher slopes 1772 mg c ha1 sensitivity analysis revealed positive effects robust unobserved covariates true negative results aggregate results demonstrate cfp effective forest management strategy contribute global ecosystem services biodiversity lesser extent carbon
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/511965.512222
|
Scott Kopetz|Josep Tabernero|Robert Rosenberg|Zhi Qin Jiang|V??ctor Moreno|Thomas Bachleitner?Hofmann|Giovanni Lanza|L Stork-Sloots|Dipen M. Maru|Iris Simón|Gabriel Capellà|Ramón Salazar
|
Genomic Classifier ColoPrint Predicts Recurrence in Stage II Colorectal Cancer Patients More Accurately Than Clinical Factors
| 2,015 |
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center|Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona|Rechts der Isar Hospital|The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center|Universitat de Barcelona|Medical University of Vienna|University of Ferrara|Agendia (Netherlands)|The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center|Agendia (Netherlands)|Institut Català d'Oncologia|Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge|Institut Català d'Oncologia|Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge
|
approximately 20 patients stage ii colorectal cancer experience relapse current clinicalpathologic stratification factors allow clear identification highrisk patients coloprint agendia amsterdam netherlands httpwwwagendiacom gene expression classifier distinguishes patients low high risk disease relapsecoloprint developed using wholegenome expression data validated several independent validation cohorts stage ii patients studies pooled n 416 coloprint compared clinical risk factors described national comprehensive cancer network nccn 2013 guidelines colon cancer median followup 81 months patients 70 receive adjuvant chemotherapy risk relapse ror defined survival first event recurrence death cancerin pooled stage ii data set coloprint identified 63 patients low risk 5year ror 10 whereas highrisk patients 37 5year ror 21 hazard ratio hr 216 p 004 remained significant multivariate model included number lymph nodes retrieved microsatellite instability t3 microsatellitestable subgroup n 301 coloprint classified 59 patients low risk 5year ror 99 highrisk patients 31 224 ror hr 241 p 005 contrast nccn clinical highrisk factors unable distinguish high lowrisk patients 15 vs 13 ror p 55coloprint significantly improved prognostic accuracy independent microsatellite status clinical variables facilitating identification patients higher risk might considered additional treatment
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/238386.238387
|
The S.O.G.R.I. Consortium
|
A Genomewide Scan Identifies Two Novel Loci Involved in Specific Language Impairment**Members of the consortium are listed in the Appendix.
| 2,002 | null |
approximately 4 englishspeaking children affected specific language impairment sli disorder development language skills despite adequate opportunity normal intelligence several studies indicated importance genetic factors sli positive family history confers increased risk development concordance monozygotic twins consistently exceeds dizygotic twins however like many behavioral traits sli assumed genetically complex several loci contributing overall risk compiled 98 families drawn epidemiological clinical populations probands whose standard language scores fall 15 sd mean age systematic genomewide quantitativetraitlocus analysis three languagerelated measures ie clinical evaluation language fundamentalsrevised celfr receptive expressive scales nonword repetition nwr test yielded two regions one chromosome 16 one 19 maximum lod scores 355 simulations suggest two multipoint results nwr linkage chromosome 16q significant empirical p values reaching 105 hasemanelston analysis lod score 355 p00003 variancecomponents vc analysis lod score 257 p00008 singlepoint analyses provided support involvement locus three markers peak linkage yielding lod scores 19 19q locus linked celfr expressivelanguage score exceeds threshold suggestive linkage types analysis performedmultipoint analysis lod score 355 empirical p00004 vc lod score 284 empirical p00027 singlepoint analysis lod score 249 vc lod score 222 furthermore clinical epidemiological samples showed independent evidence linkage chromosome 16q chromosome 19q indicating may represent universally important loci sli thus general risk factors language impairment approximately 4 englishspeaking children affected specific language impairment sli disorder development language skills despite adequate opportunity normal intelligence several studies indicated importance genetic factors sli positive family history confers increased risk development concordance monozygotic twins consistently exceeds dizygotic twins however like many behavioral traits sli assumed genetically complex several loci contributing overall risk compiled 98 families drawn epidemiological clinical populations probands whose standard language scores fall 15 sd mean age systematic genomewide quantitativetraitlocus analysis three languagerelated measures ie clinical evaluation language fundamentalsrevised celfr receptive expressive scales nonword repetition nwr test yielded two regions one chromosome 16 one 19 maximum lod scores 355 simulations suggest two multipoint results nwr linkage chromosome 16q significant empirical p values reaching 105 hasemanelston analysis lod score 355 p00003 variancecomponents vc analysis lod score 257 p00008 singlepoint analyses provided support involvement locus three markers peak linkage yielding lod scores 19 19q locus linked celfr expressivelanguage score exceeds threshold suggestive linkage types analysis performedmultipoint analysis lod score 355 empirical p00004 vc lod score 284 empirical p00027 singlepoint analysis lod score 249 vc lod score 222 furthermore clinical epidemiological samples showed independent evidence linkage chromosome 16q chromosome 19q indicating may represent universally important loci sli thus general risk factors language impairment
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/131295.131301
|
Rosa Virgara|Carol Maher|Gisela van Kessel
|
The comorbidity of low back pelvic pain and risk of depression and anxiety in pregnancy in primiparous women
| 2,018 |
Lyell McEwin Hospital|University of South Australia|University of South Australia
|
approximately 50 australian women experience low back pain pregnancy somewhere 8 36 women suffering pregnancy related depressionanxiety low back pelvic pain depression anxiety associated poor maternal health outcomes including increased sick leave higher rates functional disability increased access healthcare also impacts upon time mode delivery increase inductions elective caesarean sections babies women depression anxiety preterm birth low birth weight intrauterine growth restriction common complications given poor health outcomes important determine comorbidity low back pelvic pain depressionanxiety pregnancy cross sectional study hospital based sample 96 nulliparous women assessed 28 weeks part routine antenatal appointment data collected via interview clinical records included edinburgh depression scale eds numerical rating scale nrs modified oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire modq spearmans correlation coefficients prevalence ratios anova used determine comorbidity 96 women consented participation study study outcomes moderately correlated three main findings one positive correlation low back pelvic girdle pain lbpp depressionanxiety rho 039 p 0001 lbpp functional disability rho 051 p 0001 risk depressionanxiety functional disability rho 054 p 0001 two woman lbpp 13 times likely increased risk depressionanxiety whilst woman increased risk depressionanxiety 22 times likely lbpp finally three amongst women reported lbpp level disability experienced significantly higher women concurrent increased risk depressionanxiety p 0003 occurred even though severity pain differ groups nrs score mean p 038 study found high level cooccurrence lbpp functional disability depressionanxiety women third trimester pregnancy importantly women reported higher depressionanxiety symptoms appeared experience higher levels functional disability relation lbpp women lower depressionanxiety symptoms lbpp
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/265684.265686
|
Cliona Ní Mhurchú|Maria Turley|Delvina Gorton|Yannan Jiang|Jo Michie|Ralph Maddison|John Hattie
|
Effects of a free school breakfast programme on school attendance, achievement, psychosocial function, and nutrition: a stepped wedge cluster randomised trial
| 2,010 |
University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland|University of Auckland
|
approximately 55000 children new zealand eat breakfast given day regular breakfast skipping associated poor diets higher body mass index adverse effects childrens behaviour academic performance research suggests regular breakfast consumption improve academic performance nutrition behaviour paper describes protocol stepped wedge cluster randomised trial free school breakfast programme aim trial determine effects breakfast intervention school attendance achievement psychosocial function dietary habits food securitysixteen primary schools north island new zealand randomised sequential stepped wedge design free beforeschool breakfast programme consisting nonsugar coated breakfast cereal milk products andor toast spreads four hundred children aged 513 years approximately 25 per school recruited data collection undertaken school term 2010 school year february december primary trial outcome school attendance defined proportion students achieving attendance rate 95 higher secondary outcomes academic achievement literacy numeracy selfreported grades sense belonging school psychosocial function dietary habits food security concurrent process evaluation seeks information parents schools providers perspectives breakfast programmethis randomised controlled trial provide robust evidence effects school breakfast programme students attendance achievement nutrition furthermore study provides excellent example feasibility value stepped wedge trial design evaluating pragmatic public health intervention programmesaustralian new zealand clinical trials registry anzctr actrn12609000854235
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/129630.129633
|
Syed M. Shah|Tom Loney|Salma Al Dhaheri|Hassan Vatanparast|Iffat Elbarazi|Mukesh Agarwal|Iain Blair|Raghib Ali
|
Association between acculturation, obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among male South Asian migrants in the United Arab Emirates – a cross-sectional study
| 2,015 |
United Arab Emirates University|United Arab Emirates University|Abu Dhabi Health Services|University of Saskatchewan|United Arab Emirates University|United Arab Emirates University|United Arab Emirates University|United Arab Emirates University
|
approximately 65 united arab emirates uae population economic migrants low middleincome countries south asia emerging evidence suggests expatriate populations low middleincome countries migrate highincome countries acculturate lifestyle obesogenic behaviours host country previous research focussed migrant populations united states objective study assess prevalence obesity explore relationship years residency surrogate measure acculturation obesity among south asian india pakistan bangladesh male immigrants residing uaea random sample 1375 males recruited mandatory residency visa health screening centre abu dhabi uae employing crosssectional design participants completed interviewerled adapted version world health organisation steps questionnaire anthropometric blood pressure measurements collected glycated haemoglobin hba1c measured random subsample n 100 logistic regression used determine risk factors classified obese assess relationship years residency adipositythe overall prevalence body mass indexderived overweight obesity estimates waisttohipderived central obesity rates 615 447 917 667 males respectively hypertension present 419 305 sample diabetes 9 90 subsample living uae six 10 years 10 years independently associated classified central obesity adjusted odds ratio aor 163 95 confidence intervals ci 113 235 p 0008 aor 195 95 ci 126 301 p 0002 respectively compared residing uae one five yearsour study revealed high prevalence overweight central obesity hypertension amongst young south asian male migrant population uae study findings suggest diminished healthy migrant effect increased years residency possibly due greater acculturation transition lifestyle behaviours health initiatives targeting maintenance healthy body size coupled regular assessments glucose control blood pressure urgently required population
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/355112.355125
|
Ramnath Subbaraman|Jennifer O’Brien|Tejal Shitole|Shrutika Shitole|Kiran Sawant|David E. Bloom|Anita Patil-Deshmukh
|
Off the map: the health and social implications of being a non-notified slum in India
| 2,012 | null |
approximately half slums 1 india recognized government lack government recognition also referred nonnotified status indian context may create entrenched barriers legal rights basic services water sanitation security tenure paper explore relationship nonnotified status health outcomes kaula bandar slum mumbai india illustrate relationship using findings fouryear long series studies community comparing kaula bandars statistics mumbai slums captured indias national family health survey3 show kaula bandar relative deficiencies several health social outcomes including educational status child health adult nutrition provide explanatory framework role kaula bandars nonnotified status may play generating poor health outcomes discussing health consequences absence basic services also highlight criminalization government activities necessary fulfilling access fundamental needs water toilets shelter argue policy vacuum surrounding nonnotified slums kaula bandar results governance failures lead poor health outcomes findings highlight need cities india developing countries establish fulfill minimum humanitarian standards nonnotified slums provision basic services water sanitation solid waste removal electricity education
|
https://doi.org/10.1017/err.2019.8
|
Marta Correia|Isabel C. Azevedo|Helena Perés|Rui Magalhães|Aires Oliva?Teles|C. Marisa R. Almeida|Laura Guimarães
|
Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture: A Laboratory and Hands-on Experimental Activity to Promote Environmental Sustainability Awareness and Value of Aquaculture Products
| 2,020 |
Universidade do Porto|Universidade do Porto|Universidade do Porto|Universidade do Porto|Universidade do Porto|Universidade do Porto|Universidade do Porto
|
aquaculture among industries growing fastest rate world industry recognised play critical role food production continuously expanding world population however despite various technological innovations improvements production techniques sector still associated misperceptions negative opinions hampering implementation wide consumption products integrated multitrophic aquaculture imta concept developed way increase sustainability intensive aquaculture systems using ecosystembased approach study following sustainable aquaculture concept closed recirculation imta system laboratorial scale developed tested simultaneous production fish sea urchin seaweed 70 days based proof concept handson experimental activity developed teach communicate recent scientific advances environmental sustainability value aquaculture products young students general public experimental activity tested evaluated students n 60 basic highschool secondary learning cycles quantitative assessment carried short questionnaire provided students experimental activity experimental activity qualitative assessment also performed questions expressed without preconceived categories hypotheses results indicated overall frequency students consider ocean important extremely important increased 68 81 performing experimental activity moreover percentages correct answers questions related imta concepts also increased significantly experimental activity discussion experimental activity results students stated appreciated opportunity develop handson experimental activity allowed increase knowledge obtain information aquaculture quality products
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2018.05.030
|
Halley E. Froehlich|Rebecca R. Gentry|Michael Rust|Dietmar Grimm|Benjamin S. Halpern
|
Public Perceptions of Aquaculture: Evaluating Spatiotemporal Patterns of Sentiment around the World
| 2,017 |
National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis|University of California, Santa Barbara|University of California, Santa Barbara|NOAA Oceanic and Atmospheric Research|National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|University of California, Santa Barbara|Imperial College London|National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis
|
aquaculture developing rapidly global scale sustainable practices essential part meeting protein requirements ballooning human population locating aquaculture offshore one strategy may help address issues related nearshore development however offshore production nascent distinctions types aquatic farming may fully understood publicimportant collaboration research development evaluate report knowledge first multinational quantification relative sentiments opinions public around distinct forms aquaculture using thousands newspaper headlines ntotal 1596 developed countries 26 developing 42 nations ranging periods 1984 2015 found expanding positive trend general aquaculture coverage marine offshore appeared negative overall developing regions published proportionally positive negative headlines developed countries case studies government collected public comments ntotal 1585 united states america usa new zealand mirrored media sentiments offshore perception particularly negative usa also found public sentiment may influenced local environmental disasters directly related aquaculture eg oil spills countries voiced concern environmental impacts concerns tended generalized rather targeted issues two factors could inhibiting informed discussion decisions offshore aquaculture lack applicable knowledge actual local development issues better communication investigation real versus perceived impacts aquaculture could aid clarifying debate aquaculture help support future sustainable growth
|
https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v40i2.12963
|
cc-by
| null | null | null |
ar
|
https://doi.org/10.17933/bpostel.2016.140202
|
Samia Arshad|Karen Patricia Williams|Athur Mabiso|Subhojit Dey|Amr S. Soliman
|
Evaluating the Knowledge of Breast Cancer Screening and Prevention among Arab-American Women in Michigan
| 2,010 |
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|Michigan State University|Michigan State University|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor|University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
|
arabamerican women likely diagnosed advanced staged breast cancer analyzed data 100 women utilizing breast cancer literacy assessment tool aimed understanding functional literacy levels breastself exams bse clinical breast exams cbe mammograms educational program improved womens knowledge bse 015 95 ci 004 050 cbe 015 95 ci 004 054 women higher education consideration womens educational status important factor planning educational programs improve knowledge breast cancer screening prevention minority population
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-023-04470-3
|
Nils?Christian Bormann|Lars?Erik Cederman|Manuel Vogt
|
Language, Religion, and Ethnic Civil War
| 2,016 |
ETH Zurich|ETH Zurich|ETH Zurich
|
certain ethnic cleavages conflictprone others scholars focus contents ethnicity argue political violence likely occur along religious divisions linguistic ones challenge claim analyzing path linguistic differences ethnic civil war along three theoretical steps 1 perception grievances group members 2 rebel mobilization 3 government accommodation rebel demands argument tested new data set ethnic cleavages records multiple linguistic religious segments ethnic groups 1946 2009 adopting relational perspective assess ethnic differences potential challengers politically dominant group country findings indicate intrastate conflict likely within linguistic dyads among religious ones moreover find support thesis muslim groups particularly conflictprone
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x18768308
|
Dorothy V. M. Bishop|Mervyn J. Hardiman|J Barry
|
Auditory Deficit as a Consequence Rather than Endophenotype of Specific Language Impairment: Electrophysiological Evidence
| 2,012 |
University of Oxford|University of Oxford|University of Oxford
|
developmental language disorders caused poor auditory discrimination popular theory behavioural evidence inconclusive studied children specific language impairment measuring brains electrophysiological response sounds passive paradigm focused tcomplex eventrelated peak different origins developmental course wellknown vertex responsewe analysed auditory eventrelated potentials tones syllables 16 children 16 adolescents specific language impairment compared 32 typicallydeveloping controls matched gender iq agewe replicated prior findings significant reduction ta amplitude children adolescents specific language impairment particularly marked syllables topography tcomplex syllables indicated less focal response language impairments distinguish causal models considered correlations size ta response measures language literacy parents well children bestfitting model one auditory deficit consequence rather cause difficulties phonological processingthe tcomplex syllables abnormal size topography children specific language impairment likely consequence rather cause difficulties phonological processing
|
https://doi.org/10.1017/s1743923x12000487
|
Judi Harris|Neal Grandgenett
|
Correlates Among Teachers’ Anxieties, Demographics, and Telecomputing Activity
| 1,996 |
The University of Texas at Austin|University of Nebraska at Omaha
|
educators anxiety levels demographics related voluntary use networked resources study one year logins online time 189 randomly selected educators accounts tenet texas education network correlated six intervallevel subject attribute variables writing apprehension b oral communication apprehension c computer anxiety age e teaching experience f telecomputing experience usage data also correlated three nominallevel subject attribute variables gender b professional specialty c teaching level results indicated writing apprehension significantly negatively correlated network use telecomputing experience online time significantly positively correlated subject attribute variables found correlated logins time spent online results lack significant relationships computer anxiety oral communication apprehension lead authors suggest writing apprehension addressed within contexts initial telecomputing training increased access telecommunications tools made available users online experience increases
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2015.09.004
|
Chris Brooks|Ivan Sangiorgi|Carola Hillenbrand|Kevin Money
|
Experience wears the trousers: Exploring gender and attitude to financial risk
| 2,019 |
ICMA Centre|University of Reading|ICMA Centre|University of Reading|Henley College|Henley College
|
men tolerant investment risk women paper examine gender differences attitudes financial risk using large database questionnaires completed context real investment decisions find men financially risk tolerant women difference cannot explained differences age employment patterns effect versus outofwork however find previous investment experience plays significant explanatory role also observe following discussion financial advisor riskiness investment products selected women modified greater extent revealed risk preferences men also find risk tolerances wives husbands differ visit advisor together preferences man stronger effect finally selected joint product wife risk tolerant husband lower status job less financial experience research provides new evidence reasons women take less financial risk men outcomes result men women interact decisionmaking process
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/0263276406069233
|
Hoyt Bleakley|Aimee Chin
|
Age at Arrival, English Proficiency, and Social Assimilation Among US Immigrants
| 2,010 |
National Bureau of Economic Research|University of Chicago|National Bureau of Economic Research|University of Houston
|
us immigrants english proficiency social outcomes result cultural preferences fundamental constraints using 2000 census microdata relate immigrants english proficiency marriage fertility residential location variables age arrival us particular whether age fell within critical period language acquisition interpret differences younger older arrivers effects englishlanguage skills construct instrumental variable englishlanguage skills twostageleastsquares estimates suggest english proficiency increases likelihood divorce intermarriage decreases fertility ethnic enclave residence jel j24 j12 j13 j61
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ihj.2018.03.003
|
William S. Turley|Mahbub Zaman
|
The Corporate Governance Effects of Audit Committees
| 2,004 |
University of Manchester|University of Manchester
|
arguments associated promotion audit committees many countries premised potential alleviating weaknesses corporate governance paper provides synthesis evaluation empirical research governance effects associated audit committees given recent policy recommendations several countries aimed strengthening committees important establish research evidence demonstrates existing governance contribution framework analyzing impact audit committees described identifying potential perceived effects may led adoption documented effects aspects audit function financial reporting quality corporate performance argued limited mixed evidence effects support claims perceptions value audit committees elements governance also shown existing research focused factors associated audit committee existence characteristics measures activity little evidence processes associated operation audit committees manner influence organizational behaviour clear automatic relationship adoption audit committee structures characteristics achievement particular governance effects caution may needed expectations greater codification around factors audit committee members independence expertise means correcting past weaknesses arrangements audit committees fundamental question concerning difference audit committees make practice continues important area research development future research suggest greater consideration organizational institutional contexts audit committees operate ii explicit theorization processes associated audit committee operation iii complementing extant research methods field studies iv investigation unintended behavioural well expected consequences audit committees
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0027244
|
Anne Richards|Jorge Ospina?Duque|Mauricio Barrera?Valencia|Juan Escobar-Rincón|Mario Ardila-Gutiérrez|Thomas J. Metzler|Charles Marmar
|
Posttraumatic stress disorder, anxiety and depression symptoms, and psychosocial treatment needs in Colombians internally displaced by armed conflict: A mixed-method evaluation.
| 2,011 |
NYU Langone Health|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|Universidad de Antioquia|NYU Langone Health|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|Universidad de Antioquia|NYU Langone Health|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|Universidad de Antioquia|NYU Langone Health|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|Universidad de Antioquia|NYU Langone Health|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|Universidad de Antioquia|NYU Langone Health|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|Universidad de Antioquia|NYU Langone Health|San Francisco VA Medical Center|University of California, San Francisco|Universidad de Antioquia
|
armed conflict colombia resulted displacement estimated 45 million people 10 colombian populationhundreds thousands colombians exposed violence forced displacement annuallythe present study used survey methods assess levels posttraumatic stress disorder ptsd depression anxiety symptoms convenience sample 109 internally displaced adults residing medell n colombiaa qualitative approach including openended survey focus groups subsample 44 survey respondents used gain better understanding mental health treatment needsa large proportion survey respondents exceeded cutscores clinically significant ptsd 88 anxiety 59 depression 41multivariate regression models showed female gender significant predictor higher ptsd symptom levels female gender higher education separated opposed married predicted higher levels depression symptomsfocus group findings suggest participants interested specialized psychological treatments well broader psychosocial interventions treat consequences exposure violence forced displacement
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-008-9729-9
|
Sushmita Das|Ujwala Bapat|Neena Shah More|Latika Chordhekar|Wasundhara Joshi|David Osrin
|
Prospective study of determinants and costs of home births in Mumbai slums
| 2,010 |
Society for Nutrition Education and Health Action|Society for Nutrition Education and Health Action|Society for Nutrition Education and Health Action|Society for Nutrition Education and Health Action|Society for Nutrition Education and Health Action|London International Development Centre|University College London
|
around 86 births mumbai india occur healthcare institutions aggregate figure hides substantial variation little known urban home births aimed explore factors influencing choice home delivery care practices costs identify characteristics women households environment might increase likelihood home birthas part city initiative newborn health used key informant surveillance system identify births prospectively 48 slum communities six wards mumbai covering population 280000 births outcomes documented prospectively local women mothers interviewed detail six weeks delivery examined prevalence home births associations potential determinants using regression modelswe described 1708 16 home deliveries among 10754 births two years 20052007 proportion varied 6 24 depending area commonly cited reasons home birth custom lack time reach healthcare facility labour seventy percent home deliveries assisted traditional birth attendant dai 6 skilled health personnel median cost home delivery us 21 institutional delivery public sector us 32 private sector us 118 adjusted multivariable regression model odds home delivery increased illiteracy parity socioeconomic poverty poorer housing lack water supply population transience hazardous locationwe estimate 32000 annual home births residents mumbais slums unevenly distributed cluster markers vulnerability since cost appear dominant disincentive institutional delivery efforts needed improve client experience public sector institutions might also productive concentrate intensive outreach vulnerable areas communitybased health workers could play greater part helping women plan deliveries making sure get help time
|
https://doi.org/10.1037/bul0000139
|
Nataša Panti?|Theo Wubbels
|
Teacher competencies as a basis for teacher education – Views of Serbian teachers and teacher educators
| 2,010 |
Utrecht University
|
around world reforms teacher education oriented towards making preparation teachers functional development competencies need practice time much criticism voiced reforms jeopardising fundamental humanist traditions teaching based beliefs noninstrumental values education study examine teachers perceptions importance competencies explore implications teacher education study designed ensure voices teachers teacher educators heard identification areas expertise make competent teacher conducted principal component analysis response 370 teachers teacher educators serbia questionnaire importance number aspects teacher competence identified four components underling teachers perceptions competencies relating 1 values childrearing 2 understanding education system contribution development 3 subject knowledge pedagogy curriculum 4 selfevaluation professional development teachers perceived second area competence important fourth scale perceived highest importance implications area competence teacher education discussed conclusions drawn development teacher education curricula
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12042
|
Yeasir Karim|Abu Eabrahim Siddique|Faruk Hossen|Mizanur Rahman|Victor Mondal|Hasan Ul Banna|M.M. Hasibuzzaman|Zubaer Hosen|Md. Kamrul Islam|Md. Khalequzzaman Sarker|Farjana Nikkon|Zahangir Alam Saud|Xin Lian|Seiichiro Himeno|Khaled Hossain
|
Dose-dependent relationships between chronic arsenic exposure and cognitive impairment and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor
| 2,019 |
University of Rajshahi|University of Rajshahi|University of Rajshahi|University of Rajshahi|University of Rajshahi|University of Rajshahi|University of Rajshahi|Islamic University|Islamic University|Rajshahi Medical College|University of Rajshahi|University of Rajshahi|Tokushima Bunri University|Tokushima Bunri University|University of Rajshahi
|
arsenic poisoning public health problem worldwide studies reported effects arsenic exposure adult cognitive function limitations subject selection exposure markers moreover information regarding association arsenic exposure biomarker cognitive impairment scarcewe examined associations arsenic exposure adult cognitive impairment using minimental state examination mmse serum levels brainderived neurotrophic factor bdnf potential biomarker cognitive health statuswe designed crosssectional study recruited 693 adult 1860 years old subjects areas low higharsenic exposure rural bangladesh subjects arsenic exposure levels drinking water hair nail arsenic concentrations measured inductively coupled plasmamass spectroscopy bangla version mmse used cognitive assessment tool serum bdnf sbdnf levels assessed immunoassayin study found average mmse score sbdnf level subjects arsenicendemic areas significantly p 0001 lower subjects nonendemic area analyses revealed mmse scores sbdnf levels decreased increasing concentrations arsenic drinking water hair nails dosedependent fashion regression analyses significant associations arsenic exposure metrics mmse scores sbdnf levels observed even adjustment several variables intriguingly mmse scores showed significantly positive correlation sbdnf levelsour findings demonstrate chronic exposure arsenic dosedependently decreases cognitive function adults concomitant reduction sbdnf levels decreased bdnf level may part biochemical basis chronic arsenic exposurerelated cognitive impairment
|
https://doi.org/10.1136/ip.5.2.104
|
Caroline Ochieng|Petronella Ahenda|Amy Y. Vittor|Raymond Nyoka|Stella Gikunju|Cyrus M. Wachira|Lilian W. Waiboci|Mamo Umuro|Andrea A. Kim|Leonard Nderitu|Bonventure Juma|Joel M. Montgomery|Robert F. Breiman|Barry S. Fields
|
Seroprevalence of Infections with Dengue, Rift Valley Fever and Chikungunya Viruses in Kenya, 2007
| 2,015 |
Kenya Medical Research Institute|Kenya Medical Research Institute|University of Florida|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Kenya Medical Research Institute|Kenya Medical Research Institute|University of Nairobi|Ministry of Health|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Emory University|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
|
arthropodborne viruses major constituent emerging infectious diseases worldwide limited data available prevalence distribution risk factors transmission kenya east africa study used 1091 hivnegative blood specimens 2007 kenya aids indicator survey kais 2007 test presence igg antibodies dengue virus denv chikungunya virus chikv rift valley fever virus rvfvthe kais 2007 national populationbased survey conducted government kenya provide comprehensive information needed address hivaids epidemic antibody testing arboviruses performed stored blood specimens kais 2007 twostep sandwich igg elisa using either commercially available kits cdcdeveloped assays 1091 samples tested 210 192 positive igg antibodies least one three arboviruses denv common three viruses tested 125 positive followed rvfv chikv 45 097 respectively denv rvfv participants province residence significantly associated p01 seropositivity seroprevalence denv rvfv increased age correlation province residenceage seropositivity chikv females twelve times higher odds exposure chik opposed denv rvfv males females odds exposure lack education significantly associated higher odds previous infection either denv rvfv p 001 data show number people risk arbovirus infections depending geographic location kenya transmission pathogens greater previously appreciated poses public health risk especially denv
|
https://doi.org/10.14434/jotlt.v6.n1.21161
|
H. M. Gladney|F. Mintzer|Fabio Schiattarella|Julián Bescós|Martin Treu
|
Digital access to antiquities
| 1,998 |
IBM Research - Almaden|El Corte Inglés (Spain)|Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
|
article free access share digital access antiquities authors henry gladney ibm almaden research center san jose calif ibm almaden research center san jose califview profile fred mintzer ibm tj watson research laboratory yorktown heights ny ibm tj watson research laboratory yorktown heights nyview profile fabio schiattarella ibm italy network computing solution development centre naples italy ibm italy network computing solution development centre naples italyview profile julin bescs archives libraries group informatica el corte ingls madrid spain archives libraries group informatica el corte ingls madrid spainview profile martin treu lutherhalle wittenberg wittenberg germany lutherhalle wittenberg wittenberg germanyview profile authors info claims communications acmvolume 41issue 4april 1998 pp 4957httpsdoiorg101145273035273048published01 april 1998publication history 21citation1303downloadsmetricstotal citations21total downloads1303last 12 months25last 6 weeks4 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alerts new citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteereaderpdf
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00031.x
|
Karen D. Loch|Sue Conger
|
Evaluating ethical decision making and computer use
| 1,996 |
Georgia State University|Southern Methodist University
|
article free access share evaluating ethical decision making computer use authors karen loch georgia state univ atlanta georgia state univ atlantaview profile sue conger southern methodist univ dallas tx southern methodist univ dallas txview profile authors info claims communications acmvolume 39issue 7july 1996pp 7483httpsdoiorg101145233977233999published01 july 1996publication history 146citation3842downloadsmetricstotal citations146total downloads3842last 12 months122last 6 weeks18 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alertsnew citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteereaderpdf
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025659
|
Cathryn S. Dippo
|
FedStats promotes statistical literacy
| 1,998 |
Bureau of Labor Statistics
|
article free access share fedstats promotes statistical literacy author cathryn dippo bureau labor statistics washington dc bureau labor statistics washington dcview profile authors info claims communications acmvolume 41issue 4april 1998pp 5860httpsdoiorg101145273035273049published01 april 1998publication history 5citation268downloadsmetricstotal citations5total downloads268last 12 months15last 6 weeks4 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alertsnew citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteereaderpdf
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-698x-11-2
|
Gordon B. Davis|John T. Gorgone|J. Daniel Couger|David Feinstein|Herbert E. Longenecker
|
IS '97
| 1,996 |
University of Minnesota System|Bentley University|University of Colorado Colorado Springs|University of South Alabama|University of South Alabama
|
article free access share 97 model curriculum guidelines undergraduate degree programs information systems authors gordon b davis univ minnesota univ minnesotaview profile john gorgone bentley college bentley collegeview profile j daniel couger univ colorado colorado springs univ colorado colorado springsview profile david l feinstein univ south alabama univ south alabamaview profile herbert e longenecker univ south alabama univ south alabamaview profile authors info claims acm sigmis database database advances information systemsvolume 28issue 1winter 1996 pp 101194httpsdoiorg101145511965512222online31 december 1996publication history 48citation3591downloadsmetricstotal citations48total downloads3591last 12 months18last 6 weeks8 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alertsnew citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteereaderpdf
|
https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v6i2.970
|
Suzanne Weisband|Sara Kiesler
|
Self disclosure on computer forms
| 1,996 |
University of Arizona|Carnegie Mellon University|Decision Sciences (United States)
|
article free access share self disclosure computer forms metaanalysis implications authors suzanne weisband department management information systems university arizona tucson arizona department management information systems university arizona tucson arizonaview profile sara kiesler hci institute department social decision sciences carnegie mellon university pittsburgh pa hci institute department social decision sciences carnegie mellon university pittsburgh paview profile authors info claims chi 96 proceedings sigchi conference human factors computing systemsapril 1996pages 310httpsdoiorg101145238386238387published13 april 1996publication history 91citation2706downloadsmetricstotal citations91total downloads2706last 12 months260last 6 weeks31 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alertsnew citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteview formatspdf
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24081
|
Marcia C. Linn|Michael Clancy
|
The case for case studies of programming problems
| 1,992 |
University of California, Berkeley
|
article free access share case case studies programming problems authors marcia c linn school education 4611 tolman school education 4611 tolmanview profile michael j clancy eecscomputer science 545 evans hall university california berkeley ca eecscomputer science 545 evans hall university california berkeley caview profile authors info claims communications acmvolume 35issue 3march 1992 pp 121132httpsdoiorg101145131295131301published01 march 1992publication history 220citation2000downloadsmetricstotal citations220total downloads2000last 12 months270last 6 weeks83 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alerts new citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteereaderpdf
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloepi.2021.100066
|
Larry Press
|
Tracking the global diffusion on the Internet
| 1,997 |
California State University, Dominguez Hills
|
article free access share tracking global diffusion internet author larry press california state univ dominguez hills california state univ dominguez hillsview profile authors info claims communications acmvolume 40issue 11nov 1997 pp 1117httpsdoiorg101145265684265686online01 november 1997publication history 28citation443downloadsmetricstotal citations28total downloads443last 12 months25last 6 weeks1 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alerts new citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteereaderpdf
|
https://doi.org/10.5038/1936-4660.2.2.2
|
Thomas D. Clark
|
Corporate systems management
| 1,992 |
Florida State University
|
article free accesscorporate systems management overview research perspective share author thomas clark florida state univ tallahassee florida state univ tallahasseeview profile authors info claims communications acmvolume 35issue 2feb 1992 pp 6175httpsdoiorg101145129630129633online01 february 1992publication history 111citation1297downloadsmetricstotal citations111total downloads1297last 12 months20last 6 weeks4 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alertsnew citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteereaderpdf
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2010.02.009
|
Eric M. Uslaner
|
Social capital and the net
| 2,000 |
University of Maryland, College Park
|
article free accesssocial capital net author eric uslaner univ maryland college park univ maryland college parkview profile authors info claims communications acmvolume 43issue 12dec 2000 pp 6064httpsdoiorg101145355112355125published01 december 2000publication history 55citation2843downloadsmetricstotal citations55total downloads2843last 12 months325last 6 weeks17 get citation alertsnew citation alert addedthis alert successfully added sent toyou notified whenever record chosen citedto manage alert preferences click button belowmanage alertsnew citation alertplease log account save bindersave bindercreate new bindernamecancelcreateexport citationpublisher siteview formatspdf
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2014.993836
|
Miriam Caroline Buiten
|
Towards Intelligent Regulation of Artificial Intelligence
| 2,019 | null |
artificial intelligence ai becoming part daily lives fast pace offering myriad benefits society time concern unpredictability uncontrollability ai response legislators scholars call transparency explainability ai article considers would mean require transparency ai advocates looking beyond opaque concept ai focusing concrete risks biases underlying technology machinelearning algorithms article discusses biases algorithms may produce input data testing algorithm decision model transparency requirement algorithms result explanations biases understandable prospective recipients technically feasible producers asking much transparency law require algorithms therefore consider explanation programmers could offer useful specific legal contexts
|
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12013-010-9093-0
|
Reid F. Thompson|Gilmer Valdés|Clifton D. Fuller|Colin M. Carpenter|Olivier Morin|Sanjay Aneja|William D. Lindsay|Hugo J.W.L. Aerts|Barbara Agrimson|Curtiland Deville|Seth A. Rosenthal|James B. Yu|Charles R. Thomas
|
Artificial intelligence in radiation oncology: A specialty-wide disruptive transformation?
| 2,018 |
Oregon Health & Science University|VA Portland Health Care System|University of California, San Francisco|The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center|University of California, San Francisco|Yale University|Cohera Medical (United States)|Dana-Farber Cancer Institute|Brigham and Women's Hospital|Oregon Health & Science University|Johns Hopkins Medicine|Johns Hopkins University|Sutter Medical Center|Yale University|Oregon Health & Science University
|
artificial intelligence ai emerging technology power transform established industries applications automated manufacturing advertising facial recognition fully autonomous transportation advances domains led call ai fourth industrial revolution 1 healthcare ai emerging productive disruptive force across many disciplines perhaps evident diagnostic radiology pathology specialties largely built around processing complex interpretation medical images role ai increasingly seen boon threat radiation oncology well ai seems poised reshape specialty significant ways though impact ai relatively limited present may rightly seem distant many given predominantly interpersonal complex interventional nature specialty overview explore current state anticipated future impact ai radiation oncology detail focusing key topics multiple stakeholder perspectives well role specialty may play helping shape future ai within larger spectrum medicine
|
https://doi.org/10.1353/wp.2007.0015
|
Michael Ridley|Danica Pawlick-Potts
|
Algorithmic Literacy and the Role for Libraries
| 2,021 |
University of Guelph|Western Caspian University
|
artificial intelligence ai powerful complex ubiquitous often opaque sometimes invisible increasingly consequential everyday lives navigating effects ai well utilizing responsible way requires level awareness understanding skill provided current digital literacy information literacy regimes algorithmic literacy addresses gaps arguing role libraries algorithmic literacy authors provide working definition pressing need pedagogical strategy two specific contributions unique libraries
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https://doi.org/10.1145/2445196.2445214
|
Mery Yanti
|
Determinan literasi digital mahasiswa: kasus Universitas Sriwijaya [Determinants of students digital literacy: the case of Sriwijaya University]
| 2,016 |
Sriwijaya University
|
artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis kontribusi kesenjangan digital terhadap tingkat literasi digital di kalangan mahasiswa universitas sriwijaya peneliti menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif populasi penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa fisip universitas sriwijaya yang berjumlah 3414 orang sampel penelitian ditetapkan secara purposif sebanyak 200 orang dan dipilih dengan metode simple random sampling seratus responden dipilih dari kelompok digital native di kampus palembang dan 100 orang lagi dipilih dari kampus indralaya data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara terstruktur berpedoman pada kuesioner yang telah disiapkan data dianalisis dengan spss dan menggunakan tabulasi silang chisquare dan uji somers hasilnya kesenjangan digital di kalangan mahasiswa universitas sriwijaya berbentuk perbedaan kepemilikan biaya komunikasi dan usia pertama kali mengoperasikan perangkat tik laptop tablet dan handphone hampir tidak ada perbedaan dalam tiga situs website yang paling sering dikunjungi tiga tempat favorit mengakses internet intensitas penggunaan dan pola pemanfaatan perangkat tik tingkat literasi digital mahasiswa fisip universitas sriwijaya adalah tinggi dan sangat tinggi ia tidak berhubungan dengan jenis kelamin program studi kepemilikan dan intensitas penggunaan tik keanggotaan dalam grup online dan biaya komunikasi yang dikeluarkan secara statistik literasi digital dipengaruhi usia pertama kali menggunakan perangkat tik tetapi hubungan keduanya bersifat negatif dan tidak signifikanthis article aims analyze contribution digital divide digital literacy among students sriwijaya university su using quantitative approach research population 3414 students faculty social political sciences su research sample consists 200 students chosen purposively using simple random sampling method hundred students selected digital native palembang campus 100 indralaya campus data collected structured interview based questionnaire analyzed using spss cross tabulation chisquare somers test results show digital divide among students su occurs forms differences ict devices ownership communication costs age respondent used ict devices laptops tablets mobile phones first time difference respondents aspects three frequentlyvisited websites three favorite places accessing internet intensity usage pattern ict devices also found digital literacy su students level high high however relate gender discipline ownership usage intensity ict devices membership online groups communication costs statistically digital literacy influenced age respondent used ict device first time contrast relationship negative insignificant
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https://doi.org/10.1145/3293881.3295779
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Ana Rita Cerqueira|Ana Sofia Alves|Matilde Monteiro?Soares|Dabney Hailey|Domingos Loureiro|Sofia Baptista
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Visual Thinking Strategies in medical education: a systematic review
| 2,023 |
Universidade do Porto|Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental|Universidade do Porto|Harvard University|Universidade do Porto|Universidade do Porto
|
artsbased pedagogical tools increasingly incorporated medical education visual thinking strategies vts researchbased constructivist teaching methodology aims improve visual literacy critical thinking communication skills process investigating works art harvard medical school pioneered application vts within medical education 2004 several studies investigating use vts need systematically assess different programs exist medical education efficacy improving relevant clinical skills systematic review aims critically analyse available evidence effectiveness vts medical education guide future research provide framework adapt medical curriculaa systematic search pubmed psycinfo cochrane central databases november 2022 conducted identify studies vtsbased interventions undergraduate postgraduate medical education two reviewers independently screened citations inclusion criteria extracted data assessed risk bias extracted data narratively synthesizedof 5759 unique citations 10 studies met inclusion criteria reference review one additional study included therefore 11 studies included review eight reported vtsbased interventions undergraduate medical students three reported interventions residency training specifically dermatology ophthalmology main goal studies increase observational visual diagnostic skills three studies undergraduate medical education two postgraduate achieved statistically significant improvement observational skills postcourse evaluations studies reported increased tolerance ambiguity empathyalthough studies varied considerably study design learning objectives outcomes findings consistently indicate vts approach serve vehicle develop crucial clinical competencies encouraging indepth visual analysis could applied observing patient despite limitations included studies lack control groups selfselection bias nonstandard outcome measures results review provide support greater inclusion vts training medical curriculum
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2016.1248520
|
Caroline Graham
|
A DIY, Project-based Approach to Teaching Data Journalism
| 2,018 |
Bond University
|
case study article illustrate projectbased approach addressed challenges embedding data journalism content courses small australian university also identify associated limitations difficulties since 2013 bond journalism students undertaken five collaborative datadriven investigations sixth underway 2018 projectbased approach encourages resilience creative problemsolving minimizes students aversion maths statistics empowering students produce industrystandard work area inexperience discomfort however reasonably resourceintensive approach would difficult replicate larger cohort
|
https://doi.org/10.1145/3025453.3025823
|
Amy C. Alexander
|
Change in Women's Descriptive Representation and the Belief in Women's Ability to Govern: A Virtuous Cycle
| 2,012 |
University of Göttingen
|
core principle democratic theory political scientists stress importance inclusive diverse elected bodies mansbridge 1999 phillips 1995 pitkin 1967 williams 1998 young 2000 large portion literature discusses positive symbolic effects elected bodies come closer mirroring population drawn underrepresented groups increases descriptive representation symbolize open political arena improves groups political participation well beliefs groups role politics
|
https://doi.org/10.15353/joci.v12i3.3278
|
Thankom Arun|Rajalaxmi Kamath
|
Financial inclusion: Policies and practices
| 2,015 |
University of Central Lancashire|Indian Institute of Management Bangalore
|
key enabler development financial inclusion firmly placed agenda governments key policy priority background round table provides global regional perspective policies practices financial inclusion using macro data collection reveals diversity efforts towards achieving financial inclusion need progressive approach financial inclusion round table provides regional perspectives policies practices financial inclusion india south africa australia
|
https://doi.org/10.36615/jcsa.v34i1.1621
|
Rob Shields
|
Flânerie for Cyborgs
| 2,006 |
University of Alberta
|
literary figure conceit haraways cyborg kin dumas balzacs flneur social science fiction crossing mixing categories cyborg abject quasibody fit enlightenment model political subject actor manifesto geography sites home market paid work place state school clinichospital church article updates adds body web however haraways cyborganalysis directs attention nanotechnological scale biotechnology spatialization implied manifesto like surface site regeneration space body rebirth space institutions market school cyborg cannot enlightenment political actor challenges traditions scale space public sphere even carries ethical qualities potentials less normative forms politics
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444803005002001
|
Raja Ram Dhungana|P Thapa|Surya Devkota|Palash Chandra Banik|Yadav Gurung|Shirin Jahan Mumu|Arun Shayami|Liaquat Ali
|
Prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors: A community-based cross-sectional study in a peri-urban community of Kathmandu, Nepal
| 2,018 |
Bangladesh University|University of Dhaka|Nepal Family Development Foundation|Ministry of Health and Population|Tribhuvan University|Bangladesh University of Health Sciences|Nepal Family Development Foundation|Bangladesh University of Health Sciences|Tribhuvan University|Bangladesh University of Health Sciences
|
lowincome country nepal experiencing cardiovascular diseases emerging health problem however studies lacking risk factors cardiovascular diseases periurban communities sociodemographical transition progress therefore study aimed identify prevalence sociodemographic distribution cardiovascular disease risk factors one periurban communities kathmandu nepalwe conducted crosssectional study sitapaila village development committee kathmandu february 2014 february 2015 altogether 347 adults 18 70 years age selected randomly data collected modified steps questionnaire noncommunicable disease ncd risk factors survey analyzed spss v160 softwaremean age participant 425 132 years majority female n 206 594 onethird 34 represented brahman chetri quarter 291 attend school cardiovascular disease risk factors included smoking 176 alcohol consumption 294 insufficient fruit vegetables intake 98 insufficient physical activity 210 obesity 153 hypertension 344 diabetes 105 high triglyceride levels 108 significantly associated different sociodemographic characteristics smoking gender age groups education level alcohol consumption gender age groups ethnicity occupation insufficient physical activity gender age groups occupation hypertension gender age groups ethnicity education level occupationa high prevalence cardiovascular disease risk factors disproportional distribution among study population indicated inevitable risk cardiovascular events near future
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/15240754.2011.613129
|
Traci C. Green|Ryan A. Black|Jill M. Grimes Serrano|Simon H. Budman|Stephen F. Butler
|
Typologies of Prescription Opioid Use in a Large Sample of Adults Assessed for Substance Abuse Treatment
| 2,011 |
Brown University|Providence College|Rhode Island Hospital|Inflexxion (United States)|Inflexxion (United States)|Inflexxion (United States)|Inflexxion (United States)
|
population nonmedical prescription opioid users welldefined aimed derive describe typologies prescription opioid use nonmedical use using latent class analysis adult population assessed substance abuse treatmentlatent class analysis applied data 26314 unique respondents aged 1870 selfreporting past month use prescription opioid total 138928 cases 189 collected addiction severity indexmultimedia version asimv national database near realtime prescription opioid abuse surveillance data obtained november 2005 december 2009 substance abuse treatment criminal justice public assistance programs united states submitted data asimv database n 538 six indicators latent classes derived responses asimv version asi modified collect prescription opioid abuse chronic pain experience latent class analysis included respondent home zip code random effects account nesting respondents within zip codea fourclass adjusted latent class model fit best defined clinically interpretable relevant subgroups use prescribed prescribed misusers medically healthy abusers illicit users classes varied key variables including raceethnicity gender concurrent substance abuse duration prescription opioid abuse mental health problems asi composite scores three four classes 81 respondents exhibited high potential risk fatal opioid overdose 184 exhibited risk factors bloodborne infectionsmultiple distinct profiles prescription opioid use detected suggesting range use typologies differing risk adverse events results may help clinicians policy makers better focus overdose bloodborne infection prevention efforts intervention strategies prescription opioid abuse reduction
|
https://doi.org/10.3390/fi9030053
|
Alan Pomering|Sara Dolni?ar
|
Assessing the Prerequisite of Successful CSR Implementation: Are Consumers Aware of CSR Initiatives?
| 2,008 |
University of Wollongong|University of Wollongong
|
reflection values ethics firms corporate social responsibility csr received large amount research attention last decade growing area research csrconsumer relationship results experimental studies indicate consumer attitudes purchase intentions influenced csr initiatives consumers aware order create awareness business increasingly turning prosocial marketing communications campaigns met scepticism effectiveness therefore uncertain consequently researchers field example maignan 2001 mohr et al 2001 called empirical studies determine level actual consumer awareness csr initiatives study examines australian banking sector engages promotes csr activities help fill gap results qualitative study bank managers quantitative study consumers indicate low consumer csr awareness levels consumer understanding many social issues banks engage also low csr effective eliciting favourable consumer attitudes behaviour theory csr proven general effectiveness marketplace low consumer awareness various social issues firms engage csr programs suggests firms may need educate consumers may better contextualise csr initiatives communicated however better context may amount little claimed csr initiatives perceived inconsistent facets business reflect values ethics
|
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.7895
|
Giovanni Sala|K. Semir Tatlidil|Fernand Gobet
|
Video game training does not enhance cognitive ability: A comprehensive meta-analytic investigation.
| 2,018 |
Hologic (Germany)|University of Liverpool|Hologic (Germany)|University of Liverpool|Hologic (Germany)|University of Liverpool
|
result considerable potential scientific societal implications possibility enhancing cognitive ability training one influential topics cognitive psychology last two decades however substantial research psychology expertise recent series metaanalytic reviews suggested various types cognitive training eg working memory training benefit performance trained tasks lack skill generalization one domain different onesthat far transferhas documented various fields research working memory training music brain training chess video game training another activity claimed many researchers foster broad range cognitive abilities visual processing attention spatial ability cognitive control tested claims three randomeffects metaanalytic models first metaanalysis k 310 examined correlation video game skill cognitive ability second metaanalysis k 315 dealt differences video game players nonplayers cognitive ability third metaanalysis k 359 investigated effects video game training participants cognitive ability small null overall effect sizes found three models outcomes show overall cognitive ability video game skill weakly related importantly found evidence causal relationship playing video games enhanced cognitive ability video game training thus represents exception general difficulty obtaining far transfer psycinfo database record
|
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226876
|
Sabrina Juran|P. Niclas Broer
|
A Profile of Germany's Refugee Populations
| 2,017 | null |
result war syria well humanitarian crises poverty social deprivation africa elsewhere european union countries experienced high inflows asylumseekers refugees migrants1 civil unrest armed conflict generate vital complex needs health living conditions incoming population vary greatly based origin geographic location underlying medical nutritional status events caused initial relocation2 years spent conflict zone transit may leave affected populations gaps education malnutrition unaddressed health concerns3 order provide adequate protection plan integration host governments societies need information characteristics conditions population entering country case germany systematic detailed sociodemographic economic data asylumseekers refugees entering living country limited available long time lag article brings together different data sources describe current characteristics refugees germany inform future decisionmaking policy formulation 2015 995000 firsttime asylum applications submitted countries european union twice number 2014 germany become primary country destination europe asylumseekers4 almost 175000 applicants germany 61 percent firsttime asylum applicants recorded eu member states registered germany first quarter 2016 italy ranked second 22300 applicants 8 percent eu total followed france 18000 6 percent austria 13900 5 percent united kingdom 10100 4 percent together five countries account 83 percent applicants eu5 6 current asylum applications germany represent historic high figure 1 asylum applications reached similar levels early 1990s response war former yugoslavia 2008 number declined sharply since increased steadily 476000 people filing claim asylum 20157 asylum applications germany 19532015 thousands source bundesamt fr migration und flchtlinge 2016 das bundesamt zahlen 2015 asyl nrnberg germany part dublin area comprising eu member states well norway iceland switzerland liechtenstein dublin regulations determine european state responsible asylum claim seek ensure application entered dublin area processed one state 2015 german office migration refugees along offices ministries european states suspended dublin regulations asylumseekers syria primarily accelerate asylum process based humanitarian grounds8 asylum procedures germany distinguish two kinds applications initial application created foreign national applies asylum first time subsequent application filed withdrawal incontestable rejection previously submitted asylum application another application recorded9 course 2015 peak firsttime asylum applications seen november 58000 applications recorded figure 2 firsttime subsequent asylum applications germany month 2015 thousands source bundesamt fr migration und flchtlinge 2016 das bundesamt zahlen 2015 asyl nrnberg time number deportations increased significantly since 2013 levels comparable decade earlier figure 3 germany recorded 20000 deportations 2015 actual number deportations represents less 10 percent number asylumseekers living temporarily germany legally required leave 220000 people required leave however 172000 officially tolerated geduldet owing factors illness lack papers prevents home country accepting return10 annual number deportations 20002015 thousands source endnote 6 2015 syrians represented largest group firsttime asylum applicants european union syrians applied asylum eu first quarter 2016 almost 90 percent registered germany 88500 102400 followed 73 percent iraqis 57 percent afghans syria also ranked first among principal countries origin asylumseekers followed albania kosovo figure 4 throughout year number asylum applications submitted syrian nationals increased month proportion asylumseekers coming ten principal countries origin accounted around 82 percent asylum applications filed germany 2015 compared 2014 largest increases applications albania 584 percent iraq 457 percent kosovo 384 percent syria 303 percent11 asylum applications top ten countries origin germany 2015 thousands asum asylumseekers without confirmed country origin note number initial claims asylum 2015 source bundesamt fr migration und flchtlinge 2016 das bundesamt zahlen 2015 asyl nrnberg 2015 around 11 million asylum applications recorded german registration system easy12 easy manages distribution asylumseekers throughout countrys 16 federal states distribution occurs asylumseeker must record intention apply asylum easy distribution system collects information receiving german federal state country origin asylumseeker demographic socioeconomic information collected point distribution quotas exist federal state distribution reception facility depends capacity facilities regional responsibilities branch federal office asylum claim falls knigstein key specifies percentage asylumseekers refugees federal state required accept quotas revised annual basis taking account changes total population tax receipts13 bavaria baden wrttemberg largest proportion asylumseekers 153 percent 130 percent respectively schleswigholstein thuringia rank lowest 34 percent 27 percent14 considering proportion asylum applications per 1000 native german citizens hand rankings change considerately asylum applicants germany account 05 percent total national population state mecklenburgwestern pomerania highest proportion asylum applications 118 asylum applications per 1000 inhabitants number represents 12 percent states total population saarland rankings second 102 applications per 1000 inhabitants 12 percent total state population followed berlin 96 applications per 1000 inhabitants 096 percent north rhinewestphalia 38 per 1000 lower saxony 44 per 1000 lowest application rates accounting less 04 percent 05 percent total federal population15 recent asylumseekers predominantly age range 1834 years figure 5 2015 71 percent applicants age 30 31 percent age 18 less one percent asylum applicants older age 54 two thirds 692 percent asylum applicants germany principal countries origin 2015 male proportion women countries submitted asylum applications ranges 73 percent pakistan 490 percent serbia16 distribution males females fairly even age 11 males majority age groups age 65 age group 65 years older proportion applications submitted females 534 percent exceed proportion submitted males sex age pyramid asylumseekers germany 2015 note number initial claims asylum 2015 source bundesamt fr migration und flchtlinge 2016 das bundesamt zahlen 2015 asyl nrnberg labor market integration refugees longterm process despite increasing rates employment among refugees longer duration stay germany took around 20 years earlier waves refugees attain employment rate national population women considerably greater difficulty men german labor market17 remains seen whether patterns hold recent refugees whether highly qualified refugees particular quickly find employment appropriate qualifications german administrative data educational attainment asylumseekers refugees incomplete asylumseekers asked voluntarily provide information highest level education federal office migration refugees recorded information 73 percent adults applied asylum 201518 among adults 18 percent universitylevel education 20 percent higher secondary education 22 percent recorded primary education highest level achieved 7 percent stated formal education majority refugees syria 54 percent least higher secondary education19 newly arriving asylumseekers refugees benefit integration courses including language remedial courses germany asylumseekers good prospects granted stay access courses figure 6 shows trends participation voluntary required integration courses offered german government increases number asylumseekers granted refugee status led rise number participants integration courses 283000 refugees eligible participate integration courses 2015 34 percent increase 2014 around 179000 refugees attended integration courses 2015 increase 26 percent 2014 refugees whose participation required immigration authorities accounted nearly 45 percent total20 voluntary required participation refugees integration courses 20052015 thousands source bundesamt fr migration und flchtlinge 2016 bericht zur integrationskursgeschftsstatistik fr das jahr 2015 nrnberg even basic germanlanguage skills expected significantly increase probability employment among asylumseekers refugees21 general integration courses including language skills widely attended courses 2015 participants 78 percent took part general integration course followed literacy courses 123 percent mens womens participation fairly even among general courses men make 59 percent students literacy courses syrian refugees account 192 percent course participants22 increase number asylumseekers refugees germany socioeconomic demographic effects23 despite initial costs meet needs population integrate educational system labor market oecd projects additional 05 percent growth gross domestic product gdp 2016 2017 resulting public spending24 time new arrivals expected contribute positively germanys economic performance increase labor supply boost demand goods services full realization economic benefits depend however extent refugees fully integrated german society one step toward achieving goal collection reliable statistics enable local national leaders identify meet needs new members german society
|
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1569
|
Lyon B. King|Margaret H. Thomas|K. Gatenby|Andrew Georgiou|Myna Hua
|
"First Aid for Scalds" campaign: reaching Sydney's Chinese, Vietnamese, and Arabic speaking communities
| 1,999 |
Cancer Council New South Wales|Sydney South West Area Health Service|Sydney South West Area Health Service|Sydney South West Area Health Service|Sydney South West Area Health Service
|
serious yet preventable problem scald injuries children priority prevention australia developed countries occurrence scalds prevented immediate first aid treatment offers effective method secondary prevention reducing severity scalds despite success scald prevention initiatives local evidence suggested first aid knowledge lacking minority ethnic groups redress gap first aid scalds campaign nonenglish speaking background specifically targeted three ethnic groups vietnamese chinese arabic aim increasing proportions parents caregivers correct knowledge first aid treatment scalds primary strategy media campaign including advertisements ethnic radio ethnic newspapersthe evaluation design included formative research impact evaluation impact evaluation study involved random population based telephone surveys three language groups campaign assess reach effectiveness campaignafter campaign significant increases proportion people knew correct first aid treatment scalds substantial variations campaign recall knowledge three language groups largest improvement found vietnamese groupthe association campaign recall increase correct knowledge absence similar interventions campaign period give credence conclusion changes observed result campaign results demonstrate value community based injury prevention campaigns specifically targeting linguistically diverse communities
|
https://doi.org/10.5860/crl-88r1
|
Guolin Lai|Zhigang Zhu|Douglas Williams
|
Enhance Students’ Learning in Business Statistics Class Using Video Tutorials
| 2,017 |
University of Louisiana at Lafayette|University of Louisiana at Lafayette|University of Louisiana at Lafayette
|
supplement traditional classroom instruction online video tutorials created made available justintime support enhance undergraduate business students academic performance required introductory business statistics course study showed availability video tutorials enriched students learning experiences enhanced academic performance results suggest learning benefits video tutorials instrumental students final course grade b c students struggling understand course materials class students final grade f might believe either totally understood everything absolutely lost class either case students might believe studying video tutorials added value understanding materials presented class
|
https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6853
|
Crispin Thurlow
|
From Statistical Panic to Moral Panic: The Metadiscursive Construction and Popular Exaggeration of New Media Language in the Print Media
| 2,006 |
University of Washington
|
way tracking popular framing cmc article critically reviews international corpus 101 printmedia accounts 2001 2005 languageuse technologies instant messaging text messaging combined perspective folk linguistics critical discourse analysis type metadiscourse ie discourse discourse reveals conceptual ideological assumptions particular communication practices come institutionalized understood article illustrated multiple examples across corpus order demonstrate recurrent metadiscursive themes mediatized depictions technologically computermediated discourse cmd rooted extravagant characterizations prevalence impact cmd together highly caricatured exemplifications actual practice popular influential misrepresentations typically exaggerate difference cmd nonmediated discourse misconstrue evolutionary trajectory language change belie cultural embeddedness cmd
|
https://doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2012.300822
|
Michael A. DeVito|Darren Gergle|Jeremy Birnholtz
|
"Algorithms ruin everything"
| 2,017 |
Northwestern University|Northwestern University|Northwestern University
|
algorithmicallydriven content curation become increasingly common feature social media platforms user resistance algorithmic change become frequent visible incidents user backlash point larger issues inaccurate understandings algorithmic systems work well mismatches designer user intent using content analysis 102827 tweets riptwitter recent hashtagbased backlash rumors introducing algorithmic curation twitters timeline study addresses nature user resistance form complaints expressed folk theories algorithmic system espoused users folk theories potentially frame user reactions find resistance algorithmic change largely revolves around expectation violation folk theories acting frames reactions detailed folk theories expressed specific reactions algorithmic change
|
https://doi.org/10.2196/30243
|
Cheryl M. R. Sulaiman?Hill|Sandra C. Thompson
|
Sampling challenges in a study examining refugee resettlement
| 2,011 |
Curtin University|Curtin University
|
almost half refugees currently united nations protection afghanistan iraq significant numbers already resettled outside region origin likely future research examine resettlement needs number methodological challenges confront researchers working culturally linguistically diverse groups however detailed articles available inform studies aim paper outline challenges sampling recruitment socially invisible refugee groups describing method adopted mixed methods exploratory study assessing mental health subjective wellbeing resettlement perspectives afghan kurdish refugees living new zealand australia sampling strategies used previous studies similar refugee groups considered determining approach recruitment snowball approach adopted study multiple entry points communities used choose wide range people possible provide contacts reduce selection bias census data used assess representativeness sample sample 193 former refugee participants recruited christchurch n 98 perth n 95 47 afghan 53 kurdish ethnicity good gender balance males 52 females 48 achieved overall mainly result sampling method used differences demographic composition groups location observed especially relation length time spent refugee situation time since arrival reflecting variations national humanitarian quota intakes although measures problematic census data comparison assess reasonable representativeness study sample generally reassuring snowball sampling multiple initiation points reduce selection bias necessary locate identify participants provide reassurance break barriers personal contact critical recruitment data quality highlighted importance interviewer cultural sensitivity crossnational comparative studies particularly relating refugee resettlement within different policy environments also need take consideration differing premigration experiences time since arrival refugee groups add additional layers complexity study design interpretation
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbi.2011.03.001
|
Etika Khaerunnisa|Aan Subhan Pamungkas
|
PROFIL KEMAMPUAN LITERASI STATISTIS MAHASISWA JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA UNIVERSITAS SULTAN AGENG TIRTAYASA
| 2,017 |
Universitas Sultan Fatah|Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa University
|
effort achieve meaningfulness research process conducted students requires student ability covering ability compile refer question researched formulating statistical hypothesis solving interpreting problems relied existing context ability known statistical literacy purpose study describe assess ability statistical literacy knowing ability statistical literacy early first semester able developed furthermore realization subject circumstances study statistics method used research qualitative method type research strategy case study subjects study students majoring mathematics education semester basic statistics courses academic year 20162017 research instrument researcher main instrument statistic literacy test result research 35 students high statistic literacy ability category 13 students medium category 52 students low category different achievement capability category viewed three indicators statistical literacy ability formulating problems ability using concepts ability facts procedures reasoning interpreting problems solving ability keywords statistical literacy ability student mathematics education
|
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esp.2016.06.001
|
Xiaohua Zhu|Mark Antony Freeman
|
An evaluation of U.S. municipal open data portals: A user interaction framework
| 2,018 |
University of Tennessee at Knoxville|University of Tennessee at Knoxville
|
increasing number open government data ogd portals created evaluation method needed assess portals study drew existing principles evaluation methods develop user interaction framework concrete criteria five dimensions access trust understand engageintegrate participate framework used evaluate current ogd sites created maintained 34 us municipal government agencies results show overall portals perform well terms providing access well helping users understand engage data findings indicate room improvement multiple areas suggest potential roles information professionals data mediators study also reveals portals using socrata platform performed better regarding user access trust engagement participation however variability among portals indicates portals improve platforms achieve greater user engagement participation addition city governments need develop clear plans data available make available public
|
https://doi.org/10.30516/bilgesci.1251429
|
Nguyen K. Tran|Timothy L. Lash|Neal D. Goldstein
|
Practical data considerations for the modern epidemiology student
| 2,021 |
Drexel University|Emory University|Drexel University
|
inherent part epidemiologic research practical decisions made data collection analysis potential impact measurement disease occurrence well statistical causal inference results however computational skills needed collect manipulate evaluate data always focus educational programs increasing interest data science suggest data literacy become paramount ensure valid estimation article first motivate practical concerns modern epidemiology student particularly relates challenges causal inference second discuss concerns may manifested typical epidemiological analyses identify potential bias third present case study exemplifies entire process finally draw attention resources help epidemiology students connect theoretical underpinning science practical considerations described herein
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-9-110
|
Nathan D. Grawe|Carol Rutz
|
Integration with Writing Programs: A Strategy for Quantitative Reasoning Program Development
| 2,009 | null |
inherently interdisciplinary endeavor quantitative reasoning qr risks falling cracks traditional silos higher education article describes one strategy developing truly crosscampus qr initiative leverage existing structures campus writing programs placing qr context argument first describe integration carleton colleges quantitative inquiry reasoning knowledge initiative writing program based experience argue approach leads four benefits reflects important aspects qr often overlooked approaches defuses commonly raised objection qr merely remedial math sidesteps challenges institutional culture idiosyncratic campus history ownership inertia improves writing instruction explore implications approach qr graduation standards experience suggests engaged faculty across curriculum work would difficult adopt narrowly defined requirement skillsbased courses article concludes providing resources would like implement approach course institutional level
|
https://doi.org/10.3389/fict.2018.00021
|
Jean-Marc Colletta|Catherine Pellenq|Michèle Guidetti
|
Age-related changes in co-speech gesture and narrative: Evidence from French children and adults
| 2,010 |
Laboratoire de Linguistique et Didactique des Langues Etrangères et Maternelles|Unité de Recherche Interdisplinaire Octogone
|
childrens language abilities develop may use cospeech gesture tested hypothesis studying oral narratives produced french children adults one hundred twentytwo participants divided three age groups 6 years old 10 years old adults asked watch tom jerry cartoon tell story experimenter narratives videotaped subsequently transcribed annotated language gesture using elan software results showed strong effect age language complexity discourse construction gesture age effect partly related length narratives adults produced shorter narratives 10yearolds study thus confirms cospeech gestures develop age context narrative activity plays crucial role discourse cohesion framing verbal utterances developmental shift towards complex narratives words gestures discussed terms theoretical implications study gesture discourse development
|
https://doi.org/10.2196/18848
|
Gavin Brown|Lingbiao Gao
|
Chinese teachers’ conceptions of assessment for and of learning: Six competing and complementary purposes
| 2,015 |
University of Auckland|South China Normal University
|
china continues involve teachers implementation assessment learning formative assessment policy clearer understanding conceive purposes functions assessment necessary paper synthesises eight interview survey studies examined diverse samples practicing teachers china described nature purpose assessment making use inductive analyses factor analytic techniques variations constructs identified teachers thinking identified aligned across study methods six major constructs identified ranging positively regarded ideas assessment develops personal qualities academic abilities students negatively viewed role assessment management inspection schools framework allows better insights challenges policymakers might involving teachers effort reduce negative consequences associated highstakes examination systems
|
https://doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2014.963013
|
Christian Habeck|Yaakov Stern
|
Multivariate Data Analysis for Neuroimaging Data: Overview and Application to Alzheimer’s Disease
| 2,010 |
Columbia University|Columbia University
|
clinical cognitive neuroscience mature need sophisticated neuroimaging analysis becomes apparent multivariate analysis techniques recently received increasing attention many attractive features cannot easily realized commonly used univariate voxelwise techniques multivariate approaches evaluate correlationcovariance activation across brain regions rather proceeding voxelbyvoxel basis thus results easily interpreted signature neural networks univariate approaches hand cannot directly address functional connectivity brain covariance approach also result greater statistical power compared univariate techniques forced employ stringent often overly conservative corrections voxelwise multiple comparisons multivariate techniques also lend much better prospective application results analysis one dataset entirely new datasets multivariate techniques thus well placed provide information mean differences correlations behavior similarly univariate approaches potentially greater statistical power better reproducibility checks contrast advantages high barrier entry use multivariate approaches preventing widespread application community neuroscientist becoming familiar multivariate analysis techniques initial survey field might present bewildering variety approaches although algorithmically similar presented different emphases typically people mathematics backgrounds believe multivariate analysis techniques sufficient potential warrant better dissemination researchers able employ informed accessible manner following article attempts provide basic introduction sample applications simulated realworld data sets
|
https://doi.org/10.18421/tem103-55
|
Keith A. Darden|Anna Grzyma?a-Busse
|
The Great Divide: Literacy, Nationalism, and the Communist Collapse
| 2,006 | null |
communist regimes collapsed years 198991 communist parties leaders exited power roughly half cases causes impact variation generated considerable controversy authors show combined timing content introduction mass literacy responsible generating national standards comparisons either sustained legitimacy communist party rule led rapid complete demise collapse communist regimes mass literacy explains patterns communist exit structural modernization communist legacy accounts provides clear sustained causal chain
|
https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12277
|
Cynthia Bailey Lee
|
Experience report
| 2,013 |
University of California, San Diego
|
computer programming increasingly considered essential literacy skill students matlab courses particular play role introducing nonmajor students tool commonly used many fields paper reports departments experience introducing cs1 matlab nonmajors course course assumed prior programming experience training linear algebra without linear algebra without ability domainspecific tailoring turned media computation contextualize skills motivate students media computation approach programming instruction focuses manipulation visual audio video media course design also featured peer instruction lecture format lectures punctuated frequent questions students answer individually small groups knowledge represents first time media computation peer instruction pedagogies comprehensively adapted matlab course work shares selected materials designed course reports outcomes two terms course offered
|
https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-8-323
|
Andrew Luxton-Reilly|Simon 1?|Ibrahim Albluwi|Brett A. Becker|Michail N. Giannakos|Amruth N. Kumar|Linda Ott|James H. Paterson|Michael James Scott|Judy Sheard|Claudia Szabo
|
Introductory programming: a systematic literature review
| 2,018 |
University of Auckland|University of Newcastle Australia|Princeton University|University College Dublin|NTNU Samfunnsforskning|Ramapo College|College of New Jersey|Michigan Technological University|Glasgow Caledonian University|Falmouth University|Monash University|University of Adelaide
|
computing becomes mainstream discipline embedded school curriculum acts enabler increasing range academic disciplines higher education literature introductory programming growing although several reviews focus specific aspects introductory programming broad overview literature exploring recent trends across breadth introductory programming
|
https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(199711)81:6<663::aid-sce4>3.0.co;2-g
|
Jennifer DeWitt|Louise Archer|Ada Mau
|
Dimensions of science capital: exploring its potential for understanding students’ science participation
| 2,016 |
King's College School|King's College London|King's College School|King's College London|King's College School|King's College London
|
concerns participation rates postcompulsory science continue unabated considerable research efforts focused understanding addressing issue bringing various theoretical lenses bear problem one conceptual lens science capital sciencerelated forms social cultural capital begun explored tool examining differential patterns aspiration participation science paper continues line work attempting refine conceptualisation science capital consider potential insights might offer beyond existing related constructs utilise data two surveys conducted england part wider enterprising science project broader national survey targeted survey completed students schools generally serving disadvantaged populations logistic regression analyses indicated science capital closely related cultural capital science aspirationsrelated outcome variables addition analyses reflected particular dimensions science capital science literacy perceived transferability utility science family influences seem closely related anticipated future participation identity science others patterns held data sets findings generally alignment previous research suggest highlight potential value science capital distinct conceptual lens also carries particular implications types interventions may prove valuable considering ways address disparities science engagement participation
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https://doi.org/10.26689/jcer.v6i8.4273
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Samantha Hautea|Sayamindu Dasgupta|Benjamin Mako Hill
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Youth Perspectives on Critical Data Literacies
| 2,017 |
University of Washington|Massachusetts Institute of Technology|University of Washington|University of Washington
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contemporary youth learn play socialize online activities often recorded analyzed young people know data collection analysis efforts although critiques new forms data collection analysis grown increasingly loud voices users particularly youth largely absent paper explores critical perspectives youth programming public data learning social interaction scratch online community using bottomup approach based ethnographic observation discussions among young users identify series themes youth critique question debate implications data analytics connect themesframed terms critical data literaciesto expert critiques discuss implications findings education design
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https://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2019.34.e211
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