Datasets:

Yusuf5

/

OpenCaselistLI

like 1

2NC R3

Case

1

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

1NC

Flexible Response

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

2NC/1NR Argument

China-U.S. War D: A2 “Accidents”

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

2NC

SCS ext

SCS D: U.S. Wins—2NC

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

2NC

Case

China-U.S. War D: A2 “Accidents”

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

1NC

Adv---Japan

1NC---AT: China War

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

2NC

Adv: SCS—2NC

China-U.S. War D: 2NC

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

Neg Card Doc--- Navy 4

1NC

1NC – Adv 1

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

1AR

K

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

1AR

K

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

1NR — Binghamton DM

Case

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

2AC vs Isidore HD – R4

K

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

2AC

Queerness

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

2AC

2AC — Settler Colonialism K

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

2AC

T-Protection

K

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10,

2AC

2AC — Agamben-Style K

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

1AC – Caucus v1

1ac – framing

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

State Good

Greatest Hits

Newman

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Saul Newman 10, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, Theory & Event Volume 13, Issue 2

Newman 10

2AC

2AC – Agamben Style K

We’re not the law or state affirmation—making demands on the state challenges its legitimacy

Newman 10 — Saul Newman, Reader in Political Theory at Goldsmiths, U of London, 2010 ("The Horizon of Anarchy: Anarchism and Contemporary Radical Thought," Project Muse, Volume 13 Issue 2, Available Online at https://muse.jhu.edu/article/384024, Accessed 11-18-2018)

Newman 10 , Volume 13 Issue 2, Available Online at https://muse.jhu.edu/article/384024, Accessed 11-18-2018)

Link - Outer Space serves as a spatial fix for capitalism allowing it to overcome terrestrial constraints.

Victor L. Shammas & Tomas B. Holen (2019). One giant leap for capitalistkind: private enterprise in outer space. Palgrave Communications. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-019-0218-9

Shammas & Holen 19

1NR

Prolif

AT: No Link

3. The link turns the case---every period in history substantiates our argument.

Erik David French 18. Assistant Professor of International Studies at the College of Brockport, SUNY. My research interests include maritime strategy, alliance politics, and deterrence throughout the Asia-Pacific. “The US-Japan Alliance and China's Rise: Alliance Strategy and Reassurance, Deterrence, and Compellence,” Syracuse University. 8-2018. 84-85. https://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1918&context=etd

French 18

Negative

Terror DA

Link – Informants Key

Current FBI tactics are key to counter terrorism

Kitfield, 2011 Kitfield, James. senior fellow at the Center for the Study of the Presidency & Congress and a Defense One contributor, National Journal (Jan 27, 2011)., Preventing Attacks Without Alienating Muslims, /Bingham-MB

Kitfield, 2011

2ac

K

DAS TO THE ALT

Problematic institutions is exactly why we must engage to change them

Kimberle Crenshaw 88, Law @ UCLA, “RACE, REFORM, AND RETRENCHMENT: TRANSFORMATION AND LEGITIMATION IN ANTIDISCRIMINATION LAW”, 101 Harv. L. Rev. 1331, lexis

Crenshaw 88, Law @ UCLA, “RACE, REFORM, AND RETRENCHMENT: TRANSFORMATION AND LEGITIMATION IN ANTIDISCRIMINATION LAW”, 101 Harv. L. Rev. 1331, lexis

NEG

Impacts / Turns Case / Solves Case

US-China Trade War

US-China trade war impossible when both economies are strong

Andrew Mayeda and Saleha Mohsin, Bloomberg, “Trump's Rivalry With China Overlooks U.S. Economic Reliance”, December 18th, https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-18/trump-s-rivalry-with-china-overlooks-u-s-economic-reliance

Mayeda December 18th

Open source sbf octas

2AC

T-Physical

Counter-interp — “Legal immigration to the US” is the process of unauthorized peoples gaining LPR

Robinson 10 — J. Gregory Robinson, Statistician in the Population Division of the U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 (“Coverage Of Population In Census 2000 Based On Demographic Analysis: The History Behind The Numbers,” Working Paper No. 91 – Presented at the U.S. Census Bureau Workshop, January 8th, Available Online at https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2011/demo/POP-twps0091.pdf, Accessed 07-14-2018, p. 10-11)

Robinson 10

Open source emory r5

2AC

T-AoS+Restrictions

Counter-interp — “Legal immigration to the US” is the process of unauthorized peoples gaining LPR

Robinson 10 — J. Gregory Robinson, Statistician in the Population Division of the U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 (“Coverage Of Population In Census 2000 Based On Demographic Analysis: The History Behind The Numbers,” Working Paper No. 91 – Presented at the U.S. Census Bureau Workshop, January 8th, Available Online at https://www.census.gov/content/dam/Census/library/working-papers/2011/demo/POP-twps0091.pdf, Accessed 07-14-2018, p. 10-11)

Robinson 10

Impact Work

Turns Case

Turns Heg

Trump collapses US Heg and undermines US security commitments

Armbruster 16 (Ben, senior content strategist for True Blue Media, “President Trump’s Foreign Policy: Violence, Chaos, and Losing, Lots of Losing” 1/28/2016 http://bluenationreview.com/president-trumps-foreign-policy-violence-chaos-and-losing-lots-of-losing/)

Armbruster 16

2AC

Drones DA

1AC – Framing

No link—we already don’t sell them drones, and China already does

Natasha Turak, 2-21-2019, Pentagon is scrambling as China ‘sells the hell out of’ armed drones to US allies,” CNBC, https://www.cnbc.com/2019/02/21/pentagon-is-scrambling-as-china-sells-the-hell-out-of-armed-drones-to-americas-allies.html, Accessed: 9-10-2019, /Kent Denver-MB

Turak 2019

1AR

T

T-Cessation---1AR

Those include preventing littering, pollution, infection, depletion, irrigation, degradation, and contamination.

Salman ‘6 [Salman and Daniel Bradlow; 2006; Lead Counsel and Water Law Adviser with the Legal Vice Presidency of the World Bank, former Lead Counsel and Water Law Adviser with the Legal Vice Presidency of the World Bank; Professor of Law at American University Washington College of Law in Washington, D.C and the SARCHI Professor of International Development Law and African Economic Relations at the University of Pretoria; The World Bank, “Regulatory Frameworks for Water Resources Management,” https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/ar/605641468341096140/pdf/362160rev0Regulatory0water01PUBLIC1.pdf]

Salman ‘6

1nc

1nc vs navy br

nato

NATO fails – competing interests and lack of coordination

Gopalan 18 (Sandeep Gopalan is a professor of law and pro vice chancellor for academic innovation at Deakin University in Melbourne, Australia. He previously was co-chairman or vice chairman of American Bar Association committees on aerospace/defense and international transactions, a member of the ABA’s immigration commission, and dean of three law schools in Ireland and Australia. He has taught law in four countries and served as a visiting scholar at universities in France and Germany. “A new security alliance might be better than NATO free-riders” http://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/395875-a-new-security-alliance-might-be-better-than-nato-free-riders//TU-SG)

Gopalan 18

CASE

*** ARMS SALES

A2: Turn---Prolif---Ext---Leverage Fails

Arms pressure and leverage fail and don’t achieve political goals – research shows other considerations outweigh

Thrall and Dorminey 18 ---- A. Trevor Thrall is a senior fellow for the Cato’s Institute’s Defense and Foreign Policy Department, associate professor at the Schar School of Policy and Government (George Mason University), former director of the University of Michigan-Dearborn’s MPP and MPA programs, PhD in political science (M.I.T.), Caroline Dorminey was a policy analyst in defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Emerging Expert with the Forum on the Arms Trade, Master’s in International Relations (University of Chicago), BA in Peace, War, and Defense (UNC Chapel Hill), “Risky Business: The Role of Arms Sales in U.S. Foreign Policy,” CATO, Policy Analysis 836, https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/risky-business-role-arms-sales-us-foreign-policy

Thrall and Dorminey 18 A. Trevor Thrall is a senior fellow for the Cato’s Institute’s Defense and Foreign Policy Department, associate professor at the Schar School of Policy and Government (George Mason University), former director of the University of Michigan-Dearborn’s MPP and MPA programs, PhD in political science (M.I.T.), Caroline Dorminey was a policy analyst in defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Emerging Expert with the Forum on the Arms Trade, Master’s in International Relations (University of Chicago), BA in Peace, War, and Defense (UNC Chapel Hill), “Risky Business: The Role of Arms Sales in U.S. Foreign Policy,” CATO, Policy Analysis 836, https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/risky-business-role-arms-sales-us-foreign-policy

NEGATIVE

*** LINK

A2: Turn---Leverage

Arms pressure and leverage fail and don’t achieve political goals – research shows other considerations outweigh

Thrall and Dorminey 18 ---- A. Trevor Thrall is a senior fellow for the Cato’s Institute’s Defense and Foreign Policy Department, associate professor at the Schar School of Policy and Government (George Mason University), former director of the University of Michigan-Dearborn’s MPP and MPA programs, PhD in political science (M.I.T.), Caroline Dorminey was a policy analyst in defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Emerging Expert with the Forum on the Arms Trade, Master’s in International Relations (University of Chicago), BA in Peace, War, and Defense (UNC Chapel Hill), “Risky Business: The Role of Arms Sales in U.S. Foreign Policy,” CATO, Policy Analysis 836, https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/risky-business-role-arms-sales-us-foreign-policy

Thrall and Dorminey 18 A. Trevor Thrall is a senior fellow for the Cato’s Institute’s Defense and Foreign Policy Department, associate professor at the Schar School of Policy and Government (George Mason University), former director of the University of Michigan-Dearborn’s MPP and MPA programs, PhD in political science (M.I.T.), Caroline Dorminey was a policy analyst in defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Emerging Expert with the Forum on the Arms Trade, Master’s in International Relations (University of Chicago), BA in Peace, War, and Defense (UNC Chapel Hill), “Risky Business: The Role of Arms Sales in U.S. Foreign Policy,” CATO, Policy Analysis 836, https://www.cato.org/publications/policy-analysis/risky-business-role-arms-sales-us-foreign-policy

2NC Round 2 Wake

DA

2NC Link - “Life Not Worth Living”

The aff asks the wrong question – legalization forces a “duty to die” mentality that turns the case. Keep the legal status quo – this still allows PAS in some instances but out of FEAR not out of a duty of the law.

Kamisar 98 (Yale Kamisar Clarence Darrow Distinguished University Professor, University of Michigan Law School. Source: The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-), Vol. 88, No. 3 (Spring, 1998), “Physician-Assisted Suicide: The Problems Presented by the Compelling, Heartwrenching Case”)

Kamisar 98

Innovation DA

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

New 18

3 off

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

New 18 // Sage AA

4

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

New 18

3 off – Monta Vista might not read, will spec before speech

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

New 18

3 off

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

New 18

1nc – pic

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

New 18 // Sage AA

3 off

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

New 18

1NC

CP—R&D

Banning LAWs stigmatizes all forms of military AI research and disincentivizes commercial cooperation --- Google backed out 2 years ago due to backlash.

New 18, New, Joshua [Joshua New was a senior policy analyst at the Center for Data Innovation. He has a background in government affairs, policy, and communication. Prior to joining the Center for Data Innovation, Joshua graduated from American University with degrees in C.L.E.G. (Communication, Legal Institutions, Economics, and Government) and Public Communication. His research focuses on methods of promoting innovative and emerging technologies as a means of improving the economy and quality of life.]. “Fighting Military AI Research Undermines Social and Economic Progress”. Data Innovation, 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA In November 2017, an advocacy group called the Campaign to Stop Killer Robots published a short film called “ HYPERLINK "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9CO6M2HsoIA" Slaughterbots” in which autonomous drones developed by the military-industrial complex terrorize and kill innocent civilians. Though compelling, Slaughterbots is disingenuous propaganda that stigmatizes incredibly valuable AI research done by defense agencies—research that will have broad social and economic benefits beyond just defense applications. Defense research and development (R&D) activities have long played a crucial role in the U.S. innovation ecosystem and have been responsible for many widely-used technologies today, including the Internet, GPS, and smartphones. Defense agencies’ investments in AI will be no different, yet should policymakers succumb to baseless fears that military AI research will lead to a dystopian world full of killer robots, it will set back important AI research poised to deliver many benefits to Americans.

New 18 , 19 Oct 2018. https://datainnovation.org/2018/10/fighting-military-ai-research-undermines-social-and-economic-progress/ // Sage AA

***Case Neg***

Warming Mechanics

Feedbacks Make It Inevitable

Feedbacks make climate change an unstoppable and inevitable force

Carey 12 (John, senior correspondent for Buisness Times, “Global Warming: Faster Than Expected?”, 10/16/12, http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v307/n5/full/scientificamerican1112-50.html, HG)

Carey 12 (John, senior correspondent for Buisness Times, “Global Warming: Faster Than Expected?”, 10/16/12, , HG)

Impact Defense

Warming

2NC – Irreversible

Feedbacks make climate change an unstoppable and inevitable force

Carey 12 (John, senior correspondent for Buisness Times, “Global Warming: Faster Than Expected?”, 10/16/12, http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v307/n5/full/scientificamerican1112-50.html, HG)

Carey 12 (John, senior correspondent for Buisness Times, “Global Warming: Faster Than Expected?”, 10/16/12, , HG)

Warming Defense/Warming Good

Warming Inevitable

Feedbacks Make It Inevitable

Feedbacks make climate change an unstoppable and inevitable force

Carey 12 (John, senior correspondent for Buisness Times, “Global Warming: Faster Than Expected?”, 10/16/12, http://www.nature.com/scientificamerican/journal/v307/n5/full/scientificamerican1112-50.html, HG)

Carey 12 (John, senior correspondent for Buisness Times, “Global Warming: Faster Than Expected?”, 10/16/12, , HG)

1NR --- Case

1NR – Presumption

This is offense. Symbolic affirmation absent material resistance strengthens power.

Rigakos and Law, 9—Assistant Professor of Law at Carleton University AND PhD, Legal Studies, Carleton University (George and Alexandra “Risk, Realism and the Politics of Resistance,” Critical Sociology 35(1) 79-103, dml)

Rigakos and Law, 9

1AC

Solvency

Autonomous weapons are good- banning bad ones solves the case but keeping good ones solves nuclear war and dampens all conflicts

Umbrello et al 2020 (Steven Umbrello, currently serves as the Managing Director at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies. He served as a junior associate at the Global Catastrophic Risk Institute (2013-2018) where his primary research and authorship was on atomically precise manufacturing (APM) and other nanotechnologies. He studied philosophy of science and technology at the University of Toronto (H.B.A) and epistemology, ethics, and mind at the University of Edinburgh (MSc). He is currently a doctoral student studying the ethics and design of AI at the University of Turin, Italy. Phil Torres, Phil Torres is an author, Affiliate Scholar at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, and founder of the X-Risks Institute. He has published widely on emerging technologies, terrorism, and existential risks, with articles appearing in Skeptic, Free Inquiry, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Salon, Truthout, Erkenntnis, Metaphilosophy, Foresight, Journal of Future Studies, and the Journal of Evolution and Technology & Angelo F. De Bellis, Technical Communications Specialist at M-D Canada. Post-graduate work at Seneca College of Applied Arts and Technology. “The Future of War: The Ethical Potential of Leaving War to Lethal Autonomous Weapons” AI and Society 35 (1):273-282)

Umbrello et al 2020

1nc

2

Autonomous weapons are good- banning bad ones solves the case but keeping good ones solves nuclear war and dampens all conflicts

At: LAWS violate rules of engagement/intl law- already happens because humans do over-kill and violate conflict laws now because they are emotion-prone and evil. LAWS comparatively would violate less by reducing human war crimes

1nc

1

Autonomous weapons are good- banning bad ones solves the case but keeping good ones solves nuclear war and dampens all conflicts

At: LAWS violate rules of engagement/intl law- already happens because humans do over-kill and violate conflict laws now because they are emotion-prone and evil. LAWS comparatively would violate less by reducing human war crimes

case

Ceding politics within this world and a rejection of humanist politics turns all of their impacts – impact turn to the alt

-Postcolonial theory’s hunt for humanism makes it difficult to identify aspects of this world that point beyond its existing form—the goal is only to reveal the oppressive essence of the object

Case

2ac – humanism

Ceding politics within this world and a rejection of humanist politics turns all of their impacts – impact turn to the alt

-Postcolonial theory’s hunt for humanism makes it difficult to identify aspects of this world that point beyond its existing form—the goal is only to reveal the oppressive essence of the object

Offcase

Federalism DA

1NC

Federalism is modeled globally

Calabresi 95

Calabresi 95

2AC – Round 2

Assurances

2AC – TL (Short)

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2AC – Round 1

Assurances DA

2AC – Short (1:00)

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2ac

Assurance

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2AC

Assurances

T limit

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2Acv

Assurance

1AC – Hedging

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2AC

Assurances DA

2AC – Short (1:00)

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2AC – Doubles

Assurances

2AC – Short (1:00)

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2ac

Assurances DA

2AC – TL (Short)

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2AC vs Emory

Assurances DA

2AC – Short (1:00)

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

2AC Round 6

Assurances

2AC – Short (1:00)

This DA is backwards vs the aff – It solves assurances – Recommits to Peninsula focus for military alliance.

Jackson 19 [Van Jackson is a professor of international relations at Victoria University of Wellington “Botched Diplomacy: How America Is Losing Both Koreas” – Global Asia - Published: December 2019 (Vol.14 No.4) - - https://www.globalasia.org/v14no4/feature/botched-diplomacy-how-america-is-losing-both-koreas_van-jackson]

Jackson 19

1NC UK r2 vs PMA BT

Case

8. Trade promises are falling apart under Trump – that means no trade deal regardless of the aff and it wouldn’t solve any of their impacts

Palmer 5/10 (Doug Palmer, senior trade reporter for Politico, Bachelor’s degree in Business Administration and Management (University of Missouri – Kansas City), “Trump's Trade Agenda on the Verge of Imploding,” published by Politico, published 5.10.2019, accessed 7.28.2019, https://www.politico.com/story/2019/05/10/trump-china-trade-1422319)

Palmer 5/10 )

2AC

2

Queerness requires futurity. Their call to destroy closes off the possibility of altering the present, crushing social change and naturalizing hetero-normativity

Muñoz 6

Muñoz 6

Aff

2AC

2AC—Non-Unique

Federal encroachments now – First Step Act, more reforms coming

Grawert and Neu 19 Ames Grawert, Senior Counsel, John L. Neu Justice Counsel, Justice, and Tim Lau is a staff writer with the Brennan Center’s editorial team, January 4, 2019 “How the FIRST STEP Act Became Law — and What Happens Next” Brennan Center for Justice, https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/how-first-step-act-became-law-and-what-happens-next

Grawert and Neu 19

1NR

DA

Overview

b) Escalates to great power wars, turns China, heg collapse, failed states

Patrick 9 (Stewart, senior fellow and director of the Program on International Institutions and Global Governance at the Council on Foreign Relations, “Protecting Free Trade,” March 13, http://nationalinterest.org/article/protecting-free-trade-3060)

Patrick 9 on Foreign Relations, “Protecting Free Trade,” March 13, http://nationalinterest.org/article/protecting-free-trade-3060)

**Venezuela Politics DA**

Links

Link – Generic Economic Engagement

Maduro must flex anti-American rhetoric to maintain power - Snowden proves.

Scicchitano 7/6 (Paul Scicchitano, writer at Sustainable Success Alert, 7/6/13, "Ambassador Reich: Maduro Shows 'False Manhood,' Wants to be Chavez," News Max, http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/reich-maduro-venezuela-snowden/2013/07/06/id/513588)//SL

Scicchitano 7/6

DA – PTX

Democracy solves for economic growth, public goods, alliances, and war---the US helps model it globally

Lee ’18 (Carrie; is an assistant professor at the U.S. Air War College and a Security Fellow with Truman National Security Project. Any views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. government, the Department of Defense, Air University, or Truman National Security Project; The Truman Project; September 10th; “Why Democracy Promotion is in the Strategic Interest of the United States”; https://medium.com/truman-doctrine-blog/why-democracy-promotion-is-in-the-strategic-interest-of-the-united-states-ae959c111b2f; accessed 7/9/19; ME)

Lee ’18

1NC

Off

5

The aff produces trans(homo)nationalism – normative, able, white trans subjects are enfolded into the population through complicity with racial and gendered norms

Puar 15, Jasbir K. – Associate Professor of Women’s and Gender Studies at Rutgers, Ph.D. from Berkeley, author of Terrorist Assemblages (2007) and The Right to Maim (forthcoming), 2015 (“Bodies with New Organs: Becoming Trans, Becoming Disabled,” Social Text, vol. 33 no. 3, September 2015, published by Duke University Press, pgs. 45-47)

Puar 15

Answers/ Links

Process Warfare 1NC

Feminism

Postmodern Consumerism DA

1nc

Ol’ Reliable AKA The Cap K

Soft power

7. No great power war – costs for global powers are too high

Aziz 2014 [John Aziz is a political analyst for The Week, 3-6-2014, "Don't worry: World War III will almost certainly never happen", The Week, theweek.com/articles/449783/dont-worry-world-war-iii-almost-certainly-never-happen

Aziz 2014

---1NC---

1NC – Topicality

1NC – T-Should

Interp – “should” means “immediate”

Summers, PHD, 94. [Justice – Oklahoma Supreme Court, “Kelsey v. Dollarsaver Food Warehouse of Durant”, 1994 OK 123, 11-8, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287#marker3fn13].

Summers, 94.

CT Space 1ac outline for reference

Contention 3 is Solvency

Scenario 2: Space Weaponization

TCBMS can help build a relationship to support China and the US ‘s interests in increased bilateral cooperation in space sustainability, science, exploration, and security

Brian Weeden and Xiao He; July 13, 2016 ((Brian Weeden is the Technical Adviser at the Secure World Foundation in Washington, D.C. Xiao He is an Assistant Research Fellow at the Institute of World Economics and Politics in the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences). National Bureau of Asian Research; “US-China Relations in Strategic Domains”)//SZ

Weeden He 16

2NC R3

Case

1

China’s playing the long-game – war isn’t imminent because the defense pact limits aggression

Newsham '19 [Grant; 12/26/19; Senior Research Fellow at the Japan Forum for Strategic Studies; "In East China Sea, Beijing plays long game," https://asiatimes.com/2019/12/in-east-china-sea-beijing-plays-long-game/]

Newsham '19

2NC

Case

Cap Sustainable---2NC

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

2NC

ADV

Ag---1NC

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

Case

Framework

Cap Sustainable – Growth

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

Aff

Impacts

! – Cap Sustainable – Growth

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

**Aff Answers—Policy**

Sustainability

Growth Sustainable

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

2AC

Cap K

2AC – Growth Sustainable

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

2AC

Cap K

2AC – Growth Sustainable

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

2AC Dedev

2AC EKC Wrong

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

1AR

OFF

Capitalism K---1AR

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

2AC

2AC AT Dedev

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

2AC v Michigan HL

Case

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

CP/DA Dedev

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

No limits to growth - their models ignore feedback effects.

Lynch 16 (Michael, President of Strategic Energy and Economic Consulting, Director of Asian Energy and Security at the Center for International Studies at MIT, and a Lecturer at Tufts and Vienna University. The “peak oil” scare and the coming oil flood. 63-74.)

Lynch 16

1NR

Allied Prolif

1NC – AT: Authority

Nuclear posture is the supreme guarantee – outweighs all other motivations to develop an arsenal.

Payne ’17 (Keith; April 2017; Professor and Head of the Graduate Department of Defense and Strategic Studies at Missouri State University, President and Co-Founder of the National Institute for Public Policy, Chairman of the U.S. Strategic Command’s Senior Advisory Group, Strategy and Policy Panel, editor-in-chief of Comparative Strategy, served in the Department of Defense as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Forces Policy, led a working group of many professors, think tank members and current and former government officials to write this review; National Institute for Public Policy, “A New Nuclear Review for a New Age,” http://www.nipp.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/A-New-Nuclear-Review-final.pdf)

Payne ’17

1NR – Assurance

Ban adv

Power

Nuclear posture is the supreme guarantee – outweighs all other motivations to develop an arsenal.

Payne ’17 (Keith; April 2017; Professor and Head of the Graduate Department of Defense and Strategic Studies at Missouri State University, President and Co-Founder of the National Institute for Public Policy, Chairman of the U.S. Strategic Command’s Senior Advisory Group, Strategy and Policy Panel, editor-in-chief of Comparative Strategy, served in the Department of Defense as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Forces Policy, led a working group of many professors, think tank members and current and former government officials to write this review; National Institute for Public Policy, “A New Nuclear Review for a New Age,” http://www.nipp.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/A-New-Nuclear-Review-final.pdf)

Payne ’17

1NR

M: Prolif Bad (Turkey)

Prolif Bad: 2NC

Tech developments and hybrid warfare ensure escalation

Cimbala, 17 - distinguished professor of political science at Penn State–Brandywine (Stephen J. Cimbala, "Nuclear Proliferation in the Twenty-First Century: Realism, Rationality, or Uncertainty?," Strategic Studies Quarterly, Volume 11, No. 1, Pages 141-142, http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-11_Issue-1/Spring2017.pdf)

Cimbala, 17

2AC

Solvency

Solvency: 1AC

Tech developments and hybrid warfare ensure escalation

Cimbala, 17 - distinguished professor of political science at Penn State–Brandywine (Stephen J. Cimbala, "Nuclear Proliferation in the Twenty-First Century: Realism, Rationality, or Uncertainty?," Strategic Studies Quarterly, Volume 11, No. 1, Pages 141-142, http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-11_Issue-1/Spring2017.pdf)

Cimbala, 17

EU: 2NC

M: Prolif Bad (Turkey)

Prolif Bad: 2NC

Tech developments and hybrid warfare ensure escalation

Cimbala, 17 - distinguished professor of political science at Penn State–Brandywine (Stephen J. Cimbala, "Nuclear Proliferation in the Twenty-First Century: Realism, Rationality, or Uncertainty?," Strategic Studies Quarterly, Volume 11, No. 1, Pages 141-142, http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-11_Issue-1/Spring2017.pdf)

Cimbala, 17

2AC

Solvency

Tech developments and hybrid warfare ensure escalation

Cimbala, 17 - distinguished professor of political science at Penn State–Brandywine (Stephen J. Cimbala, "Nuclear Proliferation in the Twenty-First Century: Realism, Rationality, or Uncertainty?," Strategic Studies Quarterly, Volume 11, No. 1, Pages 141-142, http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-11_Issue-1/Spring2017.pdf)

Cimbala, 17

2AC

1AR

Solvency: 1AC

Tech developments and hybrid warfare ensure escalation

Cimbala, 17 - distinguished professor of political science at Penn State–Brandywine (Stephen J. Cimbala, "Nuclear Proliferation in the Twenty-First Century: Realism, Rationality, or Uncertainty?," Strategic Studies Quarterly, Volume 11, No. 1, Pages 141-142, http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/Portals/10/SSQ/documents/Volume-11_Issue-1/Spring2017.pdf)

Cimbala, 17

2ac

Alt Fails

hoofd

Robinson 13(February 7, 2013, Andrew Robinson, “An A to Z of Theory | Jean Baudrillard and Activism: A critique”)

FW

Alt Fails

Reasonability Outweighs Competing Interpretations

Robinson 13(February 7, 2013, Andrew Robinson, “An A to Z of Theory | Jean Baudrillard and Activism: A critique”)

1nr r2

mditerm

AT: immigration

historical and polling data say moderate votes are key.

David M. Drucker, 8/3/2018. Senior political correspondent for the Washington Examiner; has previously reported for CQ Roll Call and the Los Angeles Daily News. “Independent voters a major headache for the GOP as midterm elections loom.” https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/campaigns/independent-voters-a-major-headache-for-the-gop-as-midterm-elections-loom.

Drucker 2018

STATES CP – UM STARTER

Fed Key

---xt Competitiveness

State initiatives are a key driver of education inequality, gutting US competitiveness

Robinson 2015 - Prof of Law @ U of Richmond School of Law Kimberly Jenkins, "Disrupting Education Federalism," 92 Wash. U. L. Rev. 959

Robinson 2015

K

Rights for nature are a tool of colonization that furthers settler legal frameworks and replicates violent dualisms in environmental ethics.

Rawson and Mansfield 18 Rawson, A., & Mansfield, B. (2018). Producing juridical knowledge: “Rights of Nature” or the naturalization of rights? Environment and Planning E: Nature and Space, 1(1–2), 99–119. https://doi.org/10.1177/2514848618763807 // zh

Rawson and Mansfield 18

2AC

T

NSP = TCBM

National space policy can be a TCBM

Samson, 2014 – Washington Office Director for Secure World Foundation

Samson, 2014

CPs

Restrictions C/P

Restrictions C/P

The counterplan sends a worldwide signal to control fertility rates and solve overpopulation

McALPIN 2014 (David, Progressives for Immigration Reform, “U.S. Population and Its Impact on the Environment: Why Curbing Per Capita Consumption Is Not Enough,” Sep 10, http://progressivesforimmigrationreform.org/publication/u-s-population-and-its-impact-on-the-environment-why-curbing-per-capita-consumption-is-not-enough/)

McALPIN 2014