Datasets:

Yusuf5

/

OpenCaselistLI

like 1

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 kmk

Open Source -- TOC R3

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 kmk

1nr

1nr saudi arabia pik

1nr at: suffering k

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 kmk

Open Source -- TOC R1

1AC

Advantage 1 is Yemen

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 kmk

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 ) kmk

1ac

Yemeni genocide is hidden in plain sight. Consciousness raising is key – Americans don’t even know where the arms we’re building go. Political advocacy is historically successful in winning reductions in arms sales to Coalition countries – but there is much work to be done.

Kane 19 (Alex, Freelance journalist who writes about the Middle East, “Here’s Exactly Who’s Profiting from the War on Yemen,” 5/20/19, https://inthesetimes.com/features/us-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-arms-sales.html) kmk

Kane 19 kmk

2NC

Adv2

A2: no link not a treaty ally

They say in cross -x that vietwnam get assurances from US presences – which means we link; don’t need to be a treaty ally

1

The role of the ballot is to vote for whoever does the better debating over the resolutional question. Any interpretation which shifts from the primary commitment of debate as its own ends must explain why we switch sides and why there has to be a winner and a loser—switching sides within the competitive yet limited parameters of the topic performs the labor of the negative which avoids group polarization and untested advocacy—this does not limit argumentative styles, but only tying those to topical advocacy ensures clash which is the only vehicle for education debate provides

Poscher, 16—director at the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg (Ralf, “Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement”, Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing, forthcoming, dml)

Poscher, 16

1ac

1

The role of the ballot is to vote for whoever does the better debating over the resolutional question. Any interpretation which shifts from the primary commitment of debate as its own ends must explain why we switch sides and why there has to be a winner and a loser—switching sides within the competitive yet limited parameters of the topic performs the labor of the negative which avoids group polarization and untested advocacy—this does not limit argumentative styles, but only tying those to topical advocacy ensures clash which is the only vehicle for education debate provides

Poscher, 16—director at the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg (Ralf, “Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement”, Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing, forthcoming, dml)

Poscher, 16

1nc

1

The role of the ballot is to vote for whoever does the better debating over the resolutional question. Any interpretation which shifts from the primary commitment of debate as its own ends must explain why we switch sides and why there has to be a winner and a loser—switching sides within the competitive yet limited parameters of the topic performs the labor of the negative which avoids group polarization and untested advocacy—this does not limit argumentative styles, but only tying those to topical advocacy ensures clash which is the only vehicle for education debate provides

Poscher, 16—director at the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg (Ralf, “Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement”, Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing, forthcoming, dml)

Poscher, 16

1nc

1

The role of the ballot is to vote for whoever does the better debating over the resolutional question. Any interpretation which shifts from the primary commitment of debate as its own ends must explain why we switch sides and why there has to be a winner and a loser—switching sides within the competitive yet limited parameters of the topic performs the labor of the negative which avoids group polarization and untested advocacy—this does not limit argumentative styles, but only tying those to topical advocacy ensures clash which is the only vehicle for education debate provides

Poscher, 16—director at the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg (Ralf, “Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement”, Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing, forthcoming, dml)

Poscher, 16

1nc

t

1

The role of the ballot is to vote for whoever does the better debating over the resolutional question. Any interpretation which shifts from the primary commitment of debate as its own ends must explain why we switch sides and why there has to be a winner and a loser—switching sides within the competitive yet limited parameters of the topic performs the labor of the negative which avoids group polarization and untested advocacy—this does not limit argumentative styles, but only tying those to topical advocacy ensures clash which is the only vehicle for education debate provides

Poscher, 16—director at the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg (Ralf, “Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement”, Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing, forthcoming, dml)

Poscher, 16

1nc

off

1

The role of the ballot is to vote for whoever does the better debating over the resolutional question. Any interpretation which shifts from the primary commitment of debate as its own ends must explain why we switch sides and why there has to be a winner and a loser—switching sides within the competitive yet limited parameters of the topic performs the labor of the negative which avoids group polarization and untested advocacy—this does not limit argumentative styles, but only tying those to topical advocacy ensures clash which is the only vehicle for education debate provides

Poscher, 16—director at the Institute for Staatswissenschaft and Philosophy of Law at the University of Freiburg (Ralf, “Why We Argue About the Law: An Agonistic Account of Legal Disagreement”, Metaphilosophy of Law, Tomasz Gizbert-Studnicki/Adam Dyrda/Pawel Banas (eds.), Hart Publishing, forthcoming, dml)

Poscher, 16

1NR

Case

Solvency

There’s no solvency for entanglement - they have ZERO evidence that says it’s enough to overcome Trump’s drive for hegemony in the region - we’ll insert recutting of 1AC ev:

Porter, 19 - Patrick Porter is a professor of International Security and Strategy at the University of Birmingham (“Advice for a Dark Age: Managing Great Power Competition” Washington Quarterly, • 42:1 pp. 7–25 https://doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2019.1590079

Porter, 19 -

1ar

case

Misperceptions uniquely cause escalation

William J. Perry 17, Nineteenth secretary of defense for the United States, serving from February 1994 to January 1997. He previously served as deputy secretary of defense (1993–94) and as undersecretary of defense for research and engineering (1977–81). He currently heads the William J. Perry Project, which aims to prevent the use of nuclear weapons in the future. He is the Michael and Barbara Berberian Professor at Stanford University and serves as codirector of the Nuclear Risk Reduction initiative and the Preventive Defense Project. 4/25. "Have we forgotten the Cold War? Nuclear threat more real than ever." http://thehill.com/blogs/pundits-blog/foreign-policy/330418-have-we-forgotten-the-cold-war-nuclear-threat-more-real.

Perry 17

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

OFF

Extinction

Colby 11 – Elbridge Colby, research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, served as policy advisor to the Secretary of Defense’s Representative to the New START talks, expert advisor to the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, August 10, 2011, “Why the U.S. Needs its Liberal Empire,” The Diplomat, online: http://the-diplomat.com/2011/08/10/why-us-needs-its-liberal-empire/2/?print=yes

Colby 11

1ar

DA

Reinsert-yellow

Goldstein 13

**2NC/1NR Links --- CJR**

CJR Link A2s

CJR Link Block --- A2: Trump Image Baked In / Can’t Change

A NEW CJR win makes trump look like a leader --- overcomes his rhetoric

Crilly June 4th --- Rob Crilly, Wash Ex, “Allies urge Trump not to forget criminal justice reform as cities burn”, June 4th 2020, https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/allies-urge-trump-not-to-forget-criminal-justice-reform-as-cities-burn (BJN)

Crilly June 4th

2NC/1NR -- Round 1

ON

1NR -- Elections DA

A NEW CJR win makes trump look like a leader --- overcomes his rhetoric

Crilly June 4th --- Rob Crilly, Wash Ex, “Allies urge Trump not to forget criminal justice reform as cities burn”, June 4th 2020, https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/allies-urge-trump-not-to-forget-criminal-justice-reform-as-cities-burn (BJN)

Crilly June 4th

Jack Howe R5 Cards

1nr

2020

A NEW CJR win makes trump look like a leader --- overcomes his rhetoric

Crilly June 4th --- Rob Crilly, Wash Ex, “Allies urge Trump not to forget criminal justice reform as cities burn”, June 4th 2020, https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/news/allies-urge-trump-not-to-forget-criminal-justice-reform-as-cities-burn (BJN)

Crilly June 4th

2AC

K

The world can and should get better – refusal is depoliticizing and views blackness as calcified, ignoring complexities characterizing human history

Spillers 18 Hortense J. Spillers, Gertrude Conaway Vanderbilt Professor of English at Vanderbilt University, “Or Else…,” The A-Line. August 30, 2018. https://alinejournal.com/convergence/or-else/

Spillers 18

Aff Answers

Aff Answers

Alt Fails 1ar

Extralegal activist criticism fails – can’t produce substantive change and risks cooption

Lobel 7 (Orly Lobel, Assistant Professor of Law, University of San Diego, THE PARADOX OF EXTRALEGAL ACTIVISM: CRITICAL LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND TRANSFORMATIVE POLITICS, Harvard Law Review, 2007, Vol. 120)

Lobel 7

AFF

Alt Fails 1ar

Extralegal activist criticism fails – can’t produce substantive change and risks cooption

Lobel 7 (Orly Lobel, Assistant Professor of Law, University of San Diego, THE PARADOX OF EXTRALEGAL ACTIVISM: CRITICAL LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND TRANSFORMATIVE POLITICS, Harvard Law Review, 2007, Vol. 120)

Lobel 7

1NR

Heg

---AT: Multipolarity Kill Deter

Multipolarity is stable

Friedman and Logan 12 (Benjamin H. Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute and a PhD Candidate in Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Justin Logan is the director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute. He is an expert on U.S. grand strategy, international relations theory, and American foreign policy., “Why the U.S. Military Budget is ‘Foolish and Sustainable,” https://object.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/articles/logan-friendman-obis-spring-2012.pdf ] lr

Friedman and Logan 12

2AC---9-22

Fetal Personhood

2AC---Topshelf

4. No internal link---fetal personhood has no relationship to abortion.

M. Cathleen Kaveny 22, Author at Religion & Politics, 7-19-2022, “Dobbs and Fetal Personhood,” Religion & Politics, https://religionandpolitics.org/2022/07/19/dobbs-and-fetal-personhood/

Kaveny 22

Framing

Plan

Prioritizing low probability impacts is a trivialization of intimate partner violence that contributes to the silencing of women globally and perpetuates violence.

Enloe 4 (Cynthia; Research Professor of Women’s Studies and International Development – Clark University, The Curious Feminist: Searching for Women in a New Age of Empire, p. 73-4)

Enloe 4

ADA – Round 4 – Minnesota FJ Neg vs Gonzaga HM

1NR

DA

It’s guaranteed from pro-alliance bonds between lobbyists, the military, and Congress—also applies to “renegotiation” and “burden-sharing”.

Rapp-Hooper 17—(Senior Fellow in the Asia-Pacific Security Program and the Center for a New American Security). Mira Rapp-Hooper. 1/12/17, "Ties that Bind: Why Asian Alliances Will Survive Trump", War on the Rocks, https://warontherocks.com/2017/01/ties-that-bind-why-asian-alliances-will-survive-trump/.

Rapp-Hooper 17

1NR

Stimulus

L: Top—2NC

It’s guaranteed from pro-alliance bonds between lobbyists, the military, and Congress—also applies to “renegotiation” and “burden-sharing”.

Rapp-Hooper 17—(Senior Fellow in the Asia-Pacific Security Program and the Center for a New American Security). Mira Rapp-Hooper. 1/12/17, "Ties that Bind: Why Asian Alliances Will Survive Trump", War on the Rocks, https://warontherocks.com/2017/01/ties-that-bind-why-asian-alliances-will-survive-trump/.

Rapp-Hooper 17

1NR

Russia

Stimulus

It’s guaranteed from pro-alliance bonds between lobbyists, the military, and Congress—also applies to “renegotiation” and “burden-sharing”.

Rapp-Hooper 17—(Senior Fellow in the Asia-Pacific Security Program and the Center for a New American Security). Mira Rapp-Hooper. 1/12/17, "Ties that Bind: Why Asian Alliances Will Survive Trump", War on the Rocks, https://warontherocks.com/2017/01/ties-that-bind-why-asian-alliances-will-survive-trump/.

Rapp-Hooper 17

2nc

Stimmy

Russia-Ukraine War D: 1NC

It’s guaranteed from pro-alliance bonds between lobbyists, the military, and Congress—also applies to “renegotiation” and “burden-sharing”.

Rapp-Hooper 17—(Senior Fellow in the Asia-Pacific Security Program and the Center for a New American Security). Mira Rapp-Hooper. 1/12/17, "Ties that Bind: Why Asian Alliances Will Survive Trump", War on the Rocks, https://warontherocks.com/2017/01/ties-that-bind-why-asian-alliances-will-survive-trump/.

Rapp-Hooper 17

1NR

Case

11.

It’s guaranteed from pro-alliance bonds between lobbyists, the military, and Congress—also applies to “renegotiation” and “burden-sharing”.

Rapp-Hooper 17—(Senior Fellow in the Asia-Pacific Security Program and the Center for a New American Security). Mira Rapp-Hooper. 1/12/17, "Ties that Bind: Why Asian Alliances Will Survive Trump", War on the Rocks, https://warontherocks.com/2017/01/ties-that-bind-why-asian-alliances-will-survive-trump/.

Rapp-Hooper 17

1NR

Stimulus

7. Stats—2NC

It’s guaranteed from pro-alliance bonds between lobbyists, the military, and Congress—also applies to “renegotiation” and “burden-sharing”.

Rapp-Hooper 17—(Senior Fellow in the Asia-Pacific Security Program and the Center for a New American Security). Mira Rapp-Hooper. 1/12/17, "Ties that Bind: Why Asian Alliances Will Survive Trump", War on the Rocks, https://warontherocks.com/2017/01/ties-that-bind-why-asian-alliances-will-survive-trump/.

Rapp-Hooper 17 .

UGA BR NDT 1

2AC K

Science Diplomacy/High Tech Add-on – 2ac

Alt fails – state cooption and can’t change structural conditions

McCormack 10 (Tara, Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Leicester and has a PhD in International Relations from the University of Westminster, Critique, Security and Power: The political limits to emancipatory approaches, page 137-138)

McCormack 10

2AC

Off

Security

Alt fails – state cooption and can’t change structural conditions

McCormack 10 (Tara, Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Leicester and has a PhD in International Relations from the University of Westminster, Critique, Security and Power: The political limits to emancipatory approaches, page 137-138)

McCormack 10

Negative

Impact

Turns Case – Economic Growth

Dirty bombs destroy trade and the economy – costs upwards of 300 million to clean up and closes ports

Rosoff and Winterfeldt, 07 [Heather, Center for Risk and Economic Analysis of Terrorism Events, University of Southern California, Detlof von, Ph.D in Mathematical Psychology, Risk Analysis, vol. 27.3 P.543, “A Risk and Economic Analysis of Dirty Bomb Attacks on the Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach”, June 2007, http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2007.00908.x/references, 6/24/15] JRO

Rosoff and Winterfeldt, 07

Commissions CP

AT: Perm Do Both

3) Secrecy—the commission’s deliberations aren’t public, but the plan forces the issue onto Congress’s radar immediately—ensures a link to politics

Campbell 2 – Colton C. Campbell, Associate Professor of Political Science at Florida International University, visiting Professor of Political Science at American University, 2002, Discharging Congress: Government by Commission, p. 13-14

Campbell 2

Politics

Agency Links

Presidents are tied to agency action --- Obama will get embroiled

Wallison, 3 --- resident fellow at AEI (1/1/2003, “A Power Shift No One Noticed,” http://www.aei.org/issue/15652)

Wallison, 3

*****Links*****

DRUG TRAFFICKING

WOD

US immigration policies on the Mexican border are meant to stabilize the dichotomy between “North” and “South”.

Ramlow 06

Aff disclosure---ada r4

1ar

Inequality adv---1ar

Alliances go AFF – they don’t get rid of alliances, they make them fail

David H. McCormick et al 20. *David H. McCormick is the CEO of Bridgewater Associates, a global macro investment firm. Previously, he served in senior positions in the Treasury Department, the White House, and the Commerce Department. *Charles E. Luftig is a senior manager at Bridgewater Associates. He previously served as the deputy general counsel in the Office of Management and Budget and held several legal and policy roles at the National Security Council, including senior adviser in the office of the National Security Adviser. *James M. Cunningham is a research associate at Bridgewater Associates. He previously worked as a national security analyst at the American Enterprise Institute and the Hoover Institution. “Economic Might, National Security, and the Future of American Statecraft” Texas National Security Review. Vol 3, Iss 3. Summer 2020. https://tnsr.org/2020/05/economic-might-national-security-future-american-statecraft/

McCormick et al 20

Impact Defense Supplement (Scholars)

Terrorism Impact

Nuclear Terrorism – Likely

Nuclear terrorism is likely – newest evidence

Litwak, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, director of International Security Studies, 17 [Robert S. Litwak, vice president for programs and director of International Security Studies at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington D.C, April 26, 2017, The Washington Quarterly, “Recalibrating Deterrence to Prevent Nuclear Terrorism,” pg. 55-56, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0163660X.2017.1302739, accessed 7.16.2017]//TRossow

Litwak, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, director of International Security Studies, 17

AT: Gradualism

Extensions

Status Quo Fails

Baby steps in the squo, but we need to make real progress

Haven 6/21 (Paul, “Cuba, US try talking, but face many obstacles.” 7/13/13. http://www.newsdaily.com/article/f150f522ad1030d68179cc16644f6483/cuba-us-try-talking-but-face-many-obstacles. KJ)

Haven 6/21

Neoliberalism

Extensions

L – Individualism

The affirmative is identity politics – that disavows a structural critique of capitalism

Wendy Brown, Professor, “Wounded Attachments,” POLITICAL THEORY, August 1993,.

Brown 93,.

EU Advantage

***eu relations

impact – TTIP

Spying allegations block Trans-Atlantic trade deal – mistrust over negotiations

McGeough 13 (Paul, “US actions spook European allies,” Sydney Morning Herald, 7-1-13, http://www.smh.com.au/world/us-actions-spook-european-allies-20130701-2p7f8.html) //AD

McGeough 13

Orientalism K- SDI 2016

Impact

Impact-Otherization

Orientalism perpetuates racist stereotypes that force the Asian into the position of an “other”.

Fang, 14 (Jenn Contributor to studies on Asian culture, activist, cultural scientist http://reappropriate.co/2014/04/what-is-orientalism-and-how-is-it-also-racism/ What is Orientalism, and how is it also racism?)

Fang, 14

2NC

Pakistan Advantage

2NC ― No Sino-Indo War

No Sino-Indo war ― deterrence and economic ties

French 16 ― Erik French, Adjunct Instructor at American University, Analyst at Global Risk Insights, former Nonresident Sasakawa Peace Foundation Fellow at the Pacific Forum CSIS, M.A. in Political Science and Government from Syracuse University, B.A. in Political Science from Colgate University, 2016. (“Unraveling the China-India conflict risk”, Global Risk Insights, February 24th, 2016, Available Online at: http://globalriskinsights.com/2016/02/unraveling-the-china-india-conflict-risk/ Accessed 9-28-16)

French 16

***AFF***

Case

AT: Crime

1033 decreases public safety - Exacerbates crime by reducing law enforcement trust

Franklin, 17 - Executive Director, Law Enforcement Action Partnership (Major Neill Franklin, Law Enforcement, ACLU, “Retired Police Major: Police Militarization Endangers Public Safety,” 9-1-17, https://www.aclu.org/blog/criminal-law-reform/reforming-police-practices/retired-police-major-police-militarization)//VV

Franklin, 17

2NC

CP

Pilot Project---Backlash---2NC*

Collapses judicial globalism---extinction

Feldman 8 – Noah Feldman, Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and Senior Fellow of the Society of Fellows at Harvard, Rhodes Scholar, D.Phil. in Oriental Studies from Oxford University, J.D. from Yale Law School, Senior Adjunct Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, Formerly Fellow at New America Foundation, “When Judges Make Foreign Policy”, New York Times, 9-28, Lexis

Feldman 8

Warming

Laundry list of other factors mean we meet paris commitments regardless of CPP

+Cheap NG, renewable E, and public opposition = solve

1NC

CASE

ADV 1

1ac Pietkoski goes neg – US not key to DOD PFAS AND PFAS pollution is irreversible. Calvert Hall reads yellow.

Kaleb Pietkoski, 5-18-2020, [Environmental Compliance Representative at Battelle, a private nonprofit applied science and technology development company, "MILITARY IMPUNTY AND PFAS: THE PRIVILEGE TO POLLUTE", University of Colorado Colorado Springs, https://mountainscholar.org/bitstream/handle/10976/167268/Pietkoski_uccs_0892N_10547.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y //Weese]

Pietkoski 20

DA

Education reforms wreck dem cohesion and open the door for immigration policy

Williams 17 (Conor P. Williams is a senior researcher in New America’s Education Policy Program and founder of its Dual Language Learners National Work Group. Williams is a former first-grade teacher who holds a Ph.D. in government from Georgetown University, a master’s in science for teachers from Pace University and a B.A. in government and Spanish from Bowdoin College. “Williams: The Temptation to Compromise With Trump on Schools — and Why It Might Kill Education Reform.” January 18, 2017. https://www.the74million.org/article/williams-the-temptation-to-compromise-with-trump-on-schools-and-why-it-might-kill-education-reform)

Williams 17

Miami R3 v Emory GT

econ adv

no impact

Their studies are inadequate

Brandt and Ulfelder 11—*Patrick T. Brandt, Ph.D. in Political Science from Indiana University, is an Assistant Professor of Political Science in the School of Social Science at the University of Texas at Dallas. **Jay Ulfelder, Ph.D. in political science from Stanford University, is an American political scientist whose research interests include democratization, civil unrest, and violent conflict. [April, 2011, “Economic Growth and Political Instability,” Social Science Research Network] These statements anticipating political fallout from the global economic crisis of 2008–2010 reflect a widely held view that economic growth has rapid and profound effects on countries’ political stability. When economies grow at a healthy clip, citizens are presumed to be too busy and too content to engage in protest or rebellion, and governments are thought to be flush with revenues they can use to enhance their own stability by producing public goods or rewarding cronies, depending on the type of regime they inhabit. When growth slows, however, citizens and cronies alike are presumed to grow frustrated with their governments, and the leaders at the receiving end of that frustration are thought to lack the financial resources to respond effectively. The expected result is an increase in the risks of social unrest, civil war, coup attempts, and regime breakdown.

Brandt and Ulfelder 11—*Patrick T. Brandt, Ph.D. in Political Science from Indiana University, is an Assistant Professor of Political Science in the School of Social Science at the University of Texas at Dallas. **Jay Ulfelder, Ph.D. in political science from Stanford University, is an American political scientist whose research interests include democratization, civil unrest, and violent conflict. [April, 2011, “Economic Growth and Political Instability,” Social Science Research Network]

Link

The affirmative reinforces capitalism’s drive to “normalize” the disabled population – more inclusion, more control and more normality serves to solidify the institution that is the ROOT CAUSE of disability oppression.

Michael Oliver, Professor of Disability Studies @ University of Greenwich, 1999, “Capitalism, Disability and Ideology: A Materialist Critique of the Normalization Principle”, http://disability-studies.leeds.ac.uk/files/archiveuk/Oliver-cap-dis-ideol.pdf; AB At the outset, I should say two things. I have no particular interest in the history of normalization and therefore, I am not attempting to provide a revisionist history of it. Neither do I think that normalization, or social role valorization as it has become in its reincarnation, has much to offer in developing a social theory of disability. I am interested however in the oppression of disabled people in capitalist societies and what normalization does, or rather does not say about it. This interest has led me to begin to sketch out what a social theory of disability might look like (Oliver 1990) .For me, all social theory must be judged on three inter-related elements: its adequacy in describing experience; its ability to explain experience; and finally, its potential to transform experience. My own theorizing on disability is located in Marxist political economy which, I would argue offers a much more adequate basis for describing and explaining experience than does normalization theory which is based upon interactionist and functionalist sociology. In fact I would go further and argue that the social theory that underpins Marxist political economy has far greater transformative potential in eradicating the oppression that disabled people face throughout the world than the interactionist and functionalist theories that underpin normalization ever can have. And I will go even further than that and argue that already this theory has had a far greater influence on the struggles that disabled people are themselves currently engaged in to remove the chains of that oppression than normalization which is, at best a bystander in these struggles, and at worst part of the process of oppression itself. In presenting this argument, I will begin by articulating my own theoretical position based upon Marxist political economy and hereinafter referred to as materialist theory. I will then demonstrate the inadequacies of normalization theory's explanation of the rise of the institution before going on to provide a critique of the ideology which underpins it. Next, I will take issue with the argument that normalization has been successful because it is based upon 'experience'. Finally I will look at what both normalization and materialist theories say about change, having briefly described the appalling material conditions under which disabled people live throughout the world. Before proceeding further, it is perhaps necessary to explain the use of terminology in this chapter. Underpinning it is a materialist view of society; to say that the category disability is produced by capitalist society in a particular form implies a particular world view. Within this world view, the production of the category disability is no different from the production of motor cars or hamburgers. Each has an industry, whether it be the car, fast food or human service industry. Each industry has a workforce which has a vested interest in producing their product in particular ways and in exerting as much control over the process of production as possible. Producing a materialist theory of disability The production of disability therefore is nothing more or less than a set of activities specifically geared towards producing a good - the category disability - supported by a range of political actions which create the conditions to allow these productive activities to take place and underpinned by a discourse which gives legitimacy to the whole enterprise. As to the specifics of the terminology used in this discourse, I use the term disabled people generically and refuse to divide the group in terms of medical conditions, functional limitation or severity of impairment. For me disabled people are defined in terms of three criteria; (i) they have an impairment; (ii) they experience oppression as a consequence; and (c) they identify themselves as a disabled person. Using the generic term does not mean that I do not recognise differences in experience within the group but that in exploring this we should start from the ways oppression differentially impacts on different groups of people rather than with differences in experience among individuals with different impairments. I agree that my own initial outlining of a materialist theory of disability (Oliver 1990) did not specifically include an examination of the oppression that people with learning difficulties face (and I use this particular term throughout my paper because it is the one democratic and accountable organisations of people with learning difficulties insist on). Nevertheless I agree that "For a rigorous theory of disability to emerge which begins to examine all disability in a materialist account, an analysis of normalization must be included". (Chappell 1992.38) Attempting to incorporate normalization in a materialist account however, does not mean that I believe that, beyond the descriptive, it is of much use. Based as it is upon functionalist and interactionist sociology, whose defects are well known (Gouldner1970), it offers no satisfactory explanation of why disabled people are oppressed in capitalist societies and no strategy for liberating us from the chains of that oppression. Political economy, on the other hand, suggests that all phenomena (including social categories) are produced by the economic and social forces of capitalism itself. The forms in which they are produced are ultimately dependent upon their relationship to the economy (Marx 1913) .Hence, the category disability is produced in the particular form it appears by these very economic and social forces. Further, it is produced as an economic problem because of changes in the nature of work and the needs of the labour market within capitalism. "The speed of factory work, the enforced discipline, the time-keeping and production norms -all these were a highly unfavourable change from the slower, more self-determined methods of work into which many handicapped people had been integrated" . (Ryan and Thomas 1980.101) The economy, through both the operation of the labour market and the social organisation of work, plays a key role in producing the category disability and in determining societal responses to disabled people. In order to explain this further, it is necessary to return to the crucial question of what is meant by political economy. The following is a generally agreed definition of political economy, "The study of the interrelationships between the polity, economy and society, or more specifically, the reciprocal influences among government the economy, social classes, state and, status groups. The central problem of the political economy perspective is the manner in which the economy and polity interact in a relationship of reciprocal causation affecting the distribution of social goods". (Estes et al 1982) The central problem with such an agreed definition is that it is an explanation which can be incorporated into pluralist visions of society as a consensus emerging out of the interests of various groups and social forces and indeed, this explanation has been encapsulated in a recent book on disability "A person's position in society affects the type and severity of physical disability one is likely to experience and more importantly the likelihood that he or she is likely to receive rehabilitation services. Indeed, the political economy of a community dictates what debilitating health conditions will be produced, how and under what circumstances they will be defined, and ultimately who will receive the services". (Albrecht (1992.14) This quote lays out the way in which Albrecht pursues his argument in three parts. The first part shows how the kind of society people live in influences the kinds of disability that are produced, notably how the mode of production creates particular kinds of impairments. Further, he traces the ways in which the mode of production influences social interpretation and the meanings of disability and he also demonstrates how, in industrial societies, rehabilitation, like all other goods and services is transformed into a commodity. The second part of the argument shows how intermediate social institutions in America, such as the legal, the political and welfare systems contribute to the specific way in which disability is produced and their role in the transformation of rehabilitation into a commodity. The final part considers what this may mean in terms of future developments in social policy and what effects it may have on the lives of disabled people. It is difficult to disagree with this formulation at the descriptive level but the problem with this pluralist version of political economy is that the structure of capitalist America itself goes unexamined as does the crucial role that the capitalist economy plays in. shaping the experience of groups and individuals. Exactly the same criticism can be levelled at normalization theory. Devaluation according to normalization theory is a universal cognitive process and economic and social conditions are only relevant to who gets devalued. Political economy, as it is used here, takes a particular theoretical view of society; one which sees the economy as the crucial, and ultimately determining factor, in structuring the lives of groups and individuals. Further, while the relationship between various groups and the economy may differ in qualitative ways, the underlying structural relationship remains. "The convergence and interaction of liberating forces at work in society against racism, sexism, ageism and economic imperialism are all oppressive 'isms' and built-in responses of a society that considers certain groups inferior. All are rooted in the social-economic structures of society. All deprive certain groups of status, the right to control their own lives and destinies with the end result of powerlessness. All have resulted in economic and social discrimination. All rob (American) society of the energies and involvement of creative persons who are needed to make our society just and humane. All have brought on individual alienation, despair, hostility, and anomie". (Walton 1979.9) Hence the oppression that disabled people face is rooted in the economic and social structures of capitalism

, “Capitalism, Disability and Ideology: A Materialist Critique of the Normalization Principle”, http://disability-studies.leeds.ac.uk/files/archiveuk/Oliver-cap-dis-ideol.pdf; AB

1NR

Xi

AT: 2AC 5

Spin – political opponents are ready to pounce, they portray the plan as “caving into Western pressures,” which wrecks Xi’s nationalist support.

BBC ’13 (BBC Worldwide Monitoring; 2013; (“China, US to benefit Chinese leader's nationalism – Hong Kong paper”; Lexis)

BBC ’13

1NC – Round 1 – Harvard

ADV – Norms

AT: Readiness---1NC

Satellites aren’t key to readiness.

AFP 18 Agence France-Presse, "The space erase: US military prepares for war without satellites," 7-20-2018, South China Morning Post, https://www.scmp.com/news/world/united-states-canada/article/2124922/space-erase-us-military-goes-back-basics-it-prepares

AFP 18

Impacts

Dems Good

A2: Sanctions Solve Negotiations

They only embolden hardliners more in Iran

Pillar 1-2 [Paul R. Pillar is Nonresident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies at Georgetown University and Nonresident Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy at the Brookings Institution. He is a contributing editor to The National Interest 1-2-2014 “Let's Be Honest on Iran” http://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/lets-be-honest-iran-9658]

Pillar 1-2

Impacts

Dems Good

A2: Sanctions Solve Negotiations

They only embolden hardliners more in Iran

Pillar 1-2 [Paul R. Pillar is Nonresident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies at Georgetown University and Nonresident Senior Fellow in Foreign Policy at the Brookings Institution. He is a contributing editor to The National Interest 1-2-2014 “Let's Be Honest on Iran” http://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/lets-be-honest-iran-9658]

Pillar 1-2

1AR

DOJ DA

1AR — No Link

FYI: DOJ budget is massive.

DOJ 21 — U.S. Department of Justice, 2021 (“FY 2021 Budget Request At A Glance,” Available Online at https://www.justice.gov/doj/page/file/1246841/download, Accessed 02-05-2021)

DOJ 21

1AR

DOJ DA

2AC — DOJ DA

FYI: DOJ budget is massive.

DOJ 21 — U.S. Department of Justice, 2021 (“FY 2021 Budget Request At A Glance,” Available Online at https://www.justice.gov/doj/page/file/1246841/download, Accessed 02-05-2021)

DOJ 21

1AC

1AC — LFS RM

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

1AC

1AC — LFS RM

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

1AC

1AC — LFS RM

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

1AC

1AC — Pretextual Policing

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

1AC

1AC — Pretextual Policing

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

1AC

1AC — Pretextual Policing

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

1AC

1AC — LFS RM

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

1AC

1AC — Pretextual Policing

1AC — Framing

Courts enact

Wright 13 – (Adam Wright, University of Michigan Law School, J.D. candidate, Executive Notes Editor for the Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Volume 19; “FEDERAL CONSTRAINTS ON STATES’ ABILITY TO LICENSE AN UNDOCUMENTED IMMIGRANT TO PRACTICE LAW”; Michigan University Press; D.A. December 2nd 2020, [Published Fall 2013]; Michigan Journal of Race & Law, Vol. 19; https://repository.law.umich.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1004&context=mjrl) //LFS—JCM

Wright 13

NEG v MSU GM – RD 3 – UK

***HEALTH ADV***

1NC – Case

No cost savings --- political backlash means the government won’t negotiate lower prices.

The Washington Post, 6/18/2017. “Single-payer health care would have an astonishingly high price tag,” Editorial Board. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/single-payer-health-care-would-have-an-astonishingly-high-price-tag/2017/06/18/9c70dae6-52d2-11e7-be25-3a519335381c_story.html?utm_term=.12cb914ce1af

The Washington Post 2017

***BLOCKCHAIN ADVANTAGE***

1NC – Blockchain

No cost savings --- political backlash means the government won’t negotiate lower prices.

The Washington Post, 6/18/2017. “Single-payer health care would have an astonishingly high price tag,” Editorial Board. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/single-payer-health-care-would-have-an-astonishingly-high-price-tag/2017/06/18/9c70dae6-52d2-11e7-be25-3a519335381c_story.html?utm_term=.12cb914ce1af

The Washington Post 2017

1nc defund:

1NC – Case

5- The aff doen’t spur momentum

Vitale 20 (Alex Vitale, professor of sociology and coordinator of the Policing and Social Justice Project at Brooklyn College, interviewed by Marcia Brown, “How Ongoing Resistance Is Fueling the End of Policing,” 06/11/20, The American Prospect, https://prospect.org/civil-rights/ongoing-resistance-fueling-end-of-policing-alex-vitale/, TM)

Vitale 20

**Impact Core FFPSV**

**AT: NoKo War**

NoKo War Inevitable

North Korea nuclear expansion inevitable –

Albert 18 [Eleanor, staff writer for the Council on Foreign Relations, “North Korea’s Military Capabilities” https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/north-koreas-military-capabilities]//NH.

Albert 18 [Eleanor, staff writer for the Council on Foreign Relations, “North Korea’s Military Capabilities” https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/north-koreas-military-capabilities]//NH.

1NC vs Marlborough JH

Case

1nc – advantage 1

8) It takes centuries and adaptation solves

Ted Muelhaupt 19, Associate Principal Director of the Systems Analysis and Simulation Subdivision (SASS) and Manager of the Center for Orbital and Reentry Debris Studies at The Aerospace Corporation, M.S., B.S. Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering & Mechanics, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Senior Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, “How Quickly Would It Take For the Kessler Syndrome To Destroy All The Satellites In LEO? And Could You See This Happening From Earth?”, Quora, 2/28/2019, https://www.quora.com/How-quickly-would-it-take-for-the-Kessler-Syndrome-to-destroy-all-the-satellites-in-LEO-And-could-you-see-this-happening-from-Earth

Muelhaupt 19

Case

Adv. 1

8) It takes centuries and adaptation solves

Ted Muelhaupt 19, Associate Principal Director of the Systems Analysis and Simulation Subdivision (SASS) and Manager of the Center for Orbital and Reentry Debris Studies at The Aerospace Corporation, M.S., B.S. Aerospace and Aeronautical Engineering & Mechanics, University of Minnesota - Twin Cities, Senior Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, “How Quickly Would It Take For the Kessler Syndrome To Destroy All The Satellites In LEO? And Could You See This Happening From Earth?”, Quora, 2/28/2019, https://www.quora.com/How-quickly-would-it-take-for-the-Kessler-Syndrome-to-destroy-all-the-satellites-in-LEO-And-could-you-see-this-happening-from-Earth

Muelhaupt 19

NEG

1NC

Economic decline risks extinction

Auslin & Lachman, 2009, The Global Economy Unravels, Forbes, [Resident Scholar – American Enterprise Institute; Resident Fellow – American Enterprise Institute, Michael; Desmond], March 6, p. http://www.aei.org/article/100187

Auslin & Lachman, 2009, The Global Economy Unravels, Forbes, [Resident Scholar – American Enterprise Institute; Resident Fellow – American Enterprise Institute, Michael; Desmond], March 6, p. http://www.aei.org/article/100187

2ac

japan

2ac – modernization turn

Continued Chinese modernization decks the Alliance spurring nuclearization – BMD is not perceived

Schreer 15 (benjamin schreer is Senior Analyst for Defence Strategy at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, “China’s Development of a More Secure Nuclear Second-Strike Capability: Implications for Chinese Behavior and U.S. Extended Deterrence” https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/24905295)slair

Schreer 15

2ac

japan da

2ac – modernization turn

Continued Chinese modernization decks the Alliance spurring nuclearization – BMD is not perceived

Schreer 15 (benjamin schreer is Senior Analyst for Defence Strategy at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, “China’s Development of a More Secure Nuclear Second-Strike Capability: Implications for Chinese Behavior and U.S. Extended Deterrence” https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/24905295)slair

Schreer 15

2nc

Deterrence DA (On Case)

China-U.S. War D: A2 “Accidents”

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

2NC

Deterrence

China-U.S. War D: A2 “Accidents”

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

1NC

Adv -- Senkakus

1NC -- Turn

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

block

Case

accidental

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

2NC

Adv: China—1NC

**China-U.S. War D: 2NC

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

1NR v unlv RR

Case

China-U.S. War D: A2 “Miscalc”—2NC

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

2NC

Adv: SCS—1NC

“Case Solves”—2NC

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20

Advantage 1

No accidental war – the only scenario is deterrence breakdown causing intentional aggression – maintaining alliance commitments is imperative

Brands '20 [Hal; 8/11/20; Professor of Global Affairs in the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies and a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments; "If America and China Go to War, It Won’t Be an Accident," https://english.aawsat.com/home/article/2441461/hal-brands/if-america-and-china-go-war-it-won’t-be-accident]

Brands '20