Yusuf5/OpenCaselistLI · Datasets at Hugging Face

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30	3,185,989	103,171	1NC	OFF	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
93	3,189,913	103,131	null	OFF	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,268	3,183,671	103,078	1NC	OFF	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,269	3,191,016	103,093	1NC	null	OFF	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,270	3,191,140	103,129	1NC	null	OFF	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,271	3,192,794	103,314	OFF	null	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,300	3,190,007	103,132	1NC	OFF	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,312	3,374,197	112,439	null	2	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,317	3,183,202	103,062	1NC	Off case	OFF	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,319	3,188,588	103,164	1NC	null	OFF	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,354	3,375,707	112,477	null	null	OFF	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,377	3,184,076	103,147	1NC	OFF	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
1,382	3,185,294	103,111	null	OFF	null	Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear	David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation	Axe 18	10,733	355	7,929	0
779	3,007,682	98,686	Wiki doc v. Kansas FM	1AR	1AR---ACA DA	Concludes the new ultra-conservative majority means it won’t moderate, especially on the ACA – impact’s inevitable. Cal = GREEN	McElwee 10-1-2018 – co-founder of Data for Progress, credited with creating the political platform around ‘abolish ICE’ (Sean, “Opinion: It's Time To Go To War With The Supreme Court. Here's How.” https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/seanmcelwee/time-for-left-to-go-to-war-with-the-supreme-court)	McElwee 10-1	56,131	28	7,353	1
5,877	1,501,866	42,451	1NC	Case	null	AND they can’t solve for increased debris by public entities which is something they can’t prevent	Their ev	null	361,722	123	4,194	1
7,903	286,741	3,627	Offcase	Politics	Politics Link	BIT is unpopular – American public showing less enthusiasm	Hu Weijia 6/7 Weijia is a reporter for the Global Times, “US must meet China halfway to reach agreement in investment treaty negotiations”, 6/7/16, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/987281.shtml	Weijia 6/7	173,935	13	1,494	0
5,728	3,713,562	124,779	null	null	New	Econ collapse causes global nuclear war	Harold James 14, Professor of history at Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School who specializes in European economic history, 7/2/14, “Debate: Is 2014, like 1914, a prelude to world war?,” http://www.theglobeandmail.com/globe-debate/read-and-vote-is-2014-like-1914-a-prelude-to-world-war/article19325504/	James 14	53,936	345	6,286	1
7,847	514,729	6,787	1NC	Innovation ADV	Innovation---1NC	Smart cities are too expensive, and no one likes them.	Jim Robbins 22, Contributor for Yale Environment 360, “Why the Luster on Once-Vaunted ‘Smart Cities’ Is Fading,” Inside Climate News, 01-10-2022, https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10012022/smart-cities-autonomous-cars-pollution-sensors	Robbins 22	13,147	10	4,548	1
7,851	931,862	22,631	null	Case	Innovation---1NC	Smart cities are too expensive, and no one likes them.	Jim Robbins 22, Contributor for Yale Environment 360, “Why the Luster on Once-Vaunted ‘Smart Cities’ Is Fading,” Inside Climate News, 01-10-2022, https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10012022/smart-cities-autonomous-cars-pollution-sensors	Robbins 22	13,147	10	4,548	1
1,558	3,226,555	104,418	Lexington LZ – Neg – NDCA Round 4	Case	Secession	U.S. primacy’s not key to peace	Preble 16 Christopher Preble, vice president for defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, 8/31/16, “NO MORE OF THE SAME: THE PROBLEM WITH PRIMACY,” https://warontherocks.com/2016/08/no-more-of-the-same-the-problem-with-primacy/	Preble 16	41,842	156	7,174	1
4,009	3,221,316	104,519	Lexington LZ – Neg – NDCA Round 4	Case	Seccession	U.S. primacy’s not key to peace	Preble 16 Christopher Preble, vice president for defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, 8/31/16, “NO MORE OF THE SAME: THE PROBLEM WITH PRIMACY,” https://warontherocks.com/2016/08/no-more-of-the-same-the-problem-with-primacy/	Preble 16	41,842	156	7,174	1
4,919	172,253	2,252	ANSWERS TO	AT: Heg Good/Realism	Heg Bad—War	Hegemony leads to global wars	Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)	Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both //GHS-AK)	97,161	32	6,805	1
4,096	3,245,146	105,196	2nc	Cyber Adv	null	Hegemony leads to global wars	Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)	Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both //GHS-AK)	97,161	32	6,805	1
9,718	232,486	2,960	AT HEGEMONY ADVANTAGES	IMPACT OFFENSE	Heg bad – laundry list	Hegemony leads to global wars	Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)	Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both //GHS-AK)	97,161	32	6,805	1
9,904	3,212,487	106,102	null	Case	ADV	Hegemony leads to global wars	Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)	Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)	97,161	32	6,805	1
7,801	480,050	6,184	Cuba Terror List Aff	Credibility Adv.	Terror Impact – US Lashout	US would retaliate	Record 03 – researcher for the strategic studies institute (Jeffery Record, BOUNDING THE GLOBAL WAR ON TERRORISM, Army, December 03, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub207.pdf) TA	null	300,543	2	947	1
5,268	480,170	6,190	null	Case Offense	Terror Impact Ext.– US Lashout	US would retaliate	Record 03 – researcher for the strategic studies institute (Jeffery Record, BOUNDING THE GLOBAL WAR ON TERRORISM, Army, December 03, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub207.pdf) TA	null	300,543	2	947	1
2,565	2,437,480	79,518	1AR	NATO	Labs	So many thumpers – cal will insert blue – anything else is a moral hazard that incentives the neg to read horrible ev	Stephen Collinson, 18 (reporter for CNN Politics covering the White House, and politics across the United States and around the world, “NATO allies wonder if the West can withstand the Trump presidency,” https://www.cnn.com/2018 /07/11/politics/donald-trump-nato-russia-putin/index.html, Retrieved 8/19/2019, rwg)	Collinson 18	1,094,678	40	10,199	0
9,171	131,009	1,787	Add-ONs/Impacts	Gender-Based Violence	Climate Change	Removing barriers against women is crucial to solving climate change	Wedeman 18 (Nicholas Wedeman, Technical Advisor, Climate and Environment, FHI 360; and Tricia Petruney, Technical Advisor, Research Utilization, FHI 360, August 2018, “Invest in Girls and Women to Tackle Climate Change and Conserve the Environment“, No Publication, http://deliverforgood.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Deliver_For_Good_Brief_10_09.17.17.pdf, accessed 7-15-2019) wl	Wedeman 18	88,163	1	22,848	1
7,937	3,464,700	115,287	1AC	null	Disease	Particularly, the flu avoids their defense	Dr. Sanjay Gupta 17, Associate Chief of the Neurosurgery Service at Grady Memorial Hospital, Chief Medical Correspondent for CNN, Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery at the Emory University School of Medicine, MD from the University of Michigan, “The Big One is Coming, and It's Going to be a Flu Pandemic”, CNN, 2017, http://www.cnn.com/2017/04/07/health/flu-pandemic-sanjay-gupta/	Gupta 17	36,772	107	8,245	1
1,755	1,621,266	47,889	null	null	null	Turkey’s NATO membership is key as NATO’s relationship with Turkey is what motivates Turkey to oppose Russia	Stein, 22 Aaron Stein, Director of Research at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, "Turkey’s Response to the Russia-Ukraine Crisis," Foreign Policy Research Institute, January 2022, https://www.fpri.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/turkeys-response-to-the-russia-ukraine-crisis.pdf, accessed 1-15-2022	Stein, 22	565,241	4	2,064	1
5,030	1,621,265	47,889	null	null	null	Turkey’s NATO membership is key as NATO’s relationship with Turkey is what motivates Turkey to oppose Russia	Stein, 22 Aaron Stein, Director of Research at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, "Turkey’s Response to the Russia-Ukraine Crisis," Foreign Policy Research Institute, January 2022, https://www.fpri.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/turkeys-response-to-the-russia-ukraine-crisis.pdf, accessed 1-15-2022	Stein, 22	565,241	4	24,900	1
696	1,702,954	50,663	1NR	DA---Deterrence	1nr---Turns Case	2---Uniqueness filters their defense – Russia has never once attacked a NATO country because it knows that Article 5 is a line it cannot cross – but weakened US commitment changes their calculus	Bryan Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html	Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html	13,844	48	4,334	0
9,066	1,697,927	50,539	1nr vs Michigan	DA---Deterrence	1nr---Turns Case	2---Uniqueness filters their defense – Russia has never once attacked a NATO country because it knows that Article 5 is a line it cannot cross – but weakened US commitment changes their calculus	Bryan Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html	Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html	13,844	48	4,334	0
1,693	3,949,271	132,898	null	null	Adv – Food	Ag collapse induce cascading failures that risk all life	C. E. Richards et al (With R. C. Lupton & J. M. Allwood, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge) 2021 [“Re-framing the threat of global warming: an empirical causal loop diagram of climate change, food insecurity and societal collapse” Climatic Change (2021) 164: 49, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10584-021-02957-w, loghry]	Richards et al 2021	24,264	257	9,831	1
1,429	1,887,520	55,587	null	1NC v James Logan BM	Case	[3] Rejecting constitutionalism precludes an important tool for abolition	Roberts, ‘19 (Dorothy E. Roberts; an acclaimed scholar of race, gender and the law at the University of Pennsylvania in the Departments of Africana Studies and Sociology and the Law School where she holds the inaugural Raymond Pace and Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander chair; “Abolition Constitutionalism The Supreme Court 2018 Term: Foreword”, Harvard Law Review, Vol. 133, No. 1, p. 1, Nov. 2019; https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/hlr133&id=8&collection=journals&index=; JB)	Roberts, ‘19	45,058	275	15,803	0
5,936	1,655,803	49,461	null	null	North Korea Deterrence	South Korea defense pact deters aggression---the plan emboldens the North---causing regional aggression and global blackmail	Michael Auslin 17. Payson J. Treat Distinguished Research Fellow in Contemporary Asia at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, and a Senior Fellow in the Asia and National Security Programs at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. “Is It Time to Reassess the U.S.-South Korea Alliance?” The Atlantic. 6-29-2017. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/06/south-korea-alliance-north-korea-kim-moon-trump/532113/	Auslin 17 https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/06/south-korea-alliance-north-korea-kim-moon-trump/532113/	771,298	80	3,453	0
2,341	2,586,085	82,897	1NR	Links	AT: Normal Means	No fiat of repeal of the wolf amendment—CX established that—normal means by-pass of it requires congressional approval and FBI authorization—still goes through congress and links to the DA—prevents passage of USMCA	null	null	1,133,779	1	null	0
4,228	295,093	3,732	1nc	null	null	The alternative is to reject the aff in favor of a feminist material analysis—such an analysis opens space for both cultural and transformative politics that directly challenges the way institutions distribute resources and cultural power	Ebert 93 (Teresa, Professor of Humanities at the College of Arts and Sciences at the University at Albany who specializes in Critical and Cultural Theory, Feminist Critique, Marxist Theory and Globalization Theory, “Ludic Feminism, the Body, Performance, and Labor: Bringing ‘Materialism’ Back into Feminist Cultural Studies” https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1354189.pdf)//meb	Ebert 93	90,510	6	12,587	0
905	475,292	6,083	null	null	2NC Trade NB	An Open Skies agreement needs to be put in place for efficient trade- the plan cannot overcome this	Selee and Wilson 2012, * Vice President for Programs and Senior Advisor to the Mexico Institute ** is an associate with the Mexico Institute (Andrew and Christopher, “A New Agenda with Mexico”, Wilson Center, Nov 2012, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/a_new_agenda_with_mexico.pdf)//CW	Selee and Wilson 2012, * Vice President for Programs and Senior Advisor to the Mexico Institute ** is an associate with the Mexico Institute (Andrew and Christopher, “A New Agenda with Mexico”, Wilson Center, Nov 2012, )//CW	276,891	17	3,056	0
7,732	3,683,680	123,409	null	Case	2ac V2L Inev	Life has intrinsic value – even a resilient life is worth living.	Kacou 8 (Amien WHY EVEN MIND? On The A Priori Value Of “Life”, Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy, Vol 4, No 1-2 (2008) cosmosandhistory.org/index.php/journal/article/view/92/184 )	Kacou 8	96,600	200	3,477	1
12	3,371,623	112,318	1NC	Off	null	We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.	Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]	Debrix and Artrip 14	3,950	294	8,699	0
4,489	3,371,475	112,236	1NC	Off	null	We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.	Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]	Debrix and Artrip 14	3,950	294	8,699	0
8,932	3,369,238	112,250	1NC	Off	null	We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.	Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]	Debrix and Artrip 14	3,950	294	8,699	0
6,585	3,367,916	112,285	1NC	Off	null	We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.	Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]	Debrix and Artrip 14	3,950	294	8,699	0
3,719	3,627,766	120,765	NSD- R3-Neg	null	1	We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.	Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]	null	3,950	294	8,699	0
4,793	1,879,683	55,352	null	Case	Adv 1	CO2, which they reduce by attempting to solve warming, is essential to food and biodiversity – turns case.	Carter et al 14 (Dr. Craig D. Idso, Dr. Sherwood B. Idso, Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, Dr. Robert M. Carter, Emeritus Fellow, Institute of Public Affairs and Dr. S. Fred Singer, Science and Environmental Policy Project, “Summary for Policymakers,” CLIMATE CHANGE RECONSIDERED II: BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS, 2014 Report of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), 2014, p. 3.	Carter et al 14	240,022	26	2,886	1
8,373	1,879,892	55,358	null	Case	Adv 2	CO2, which they reduce by attempting to solve warming, is essential to food and biodiversity – turns case.	Carter et al 14 (Dr. Craig D. Idso, Dr. Sherwood B. Idso, Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, Dr. Robert M. Carter, Emeritus Fellow, Institute of Public Affairs and Dr. S. Fred Singer, Science and Environmental Policy Project, “Summary for Policymakers,” CLIMATE CHANGE RECONSIDERED II: BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS, 2014 Report of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), 2014, p. 3.	Carter et al 14	240,022	26	2,886	1
5,826	1,853,649	54,425	null	case	Terror	Impacts empirically denied and the industry is resilient.	Shannon ‘10 Mike Shannon Global and US Sector Leader Chemicals and Performance Technologies, KPMG, independent Swiss consulting firm, 2010, "The Outlook for the US Chemical Industry", http://www.kpmg.com/US/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/us-chemical-industry-outlook.pdf Liam	Shannon ‘10	135,176	5	2,765	1
845	231,625	2,950	Impact Defense	Chemical Industry	1NC – No !	Impacts empirically denied and the industry is resilient.	Shannon ‘10 Mike Shannon Global and US Sector Leader Chemicals and Performance Technologies, KPMG, independent Swiss consulting firm, 2010, "The Outlook for the US Chemical Industry", http://www.kpmg.com/US/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/us-chemical-industry-outlook.pdf Liam	Shannon ‘10	135,176	5	2,765	1
3,421	1,726,893	51,227	1NR Doubles	DA	AT: Alliance Discipline	Conditioning the whole pact incentives hedging.	Rapp-Hooper 20 -- Mira Rapp-Hooper, Political Science PhD at Columbia University, Senior Research Scholar in Law at Yale Law School, Senior Fellow at Yale's Paul Tsai China Center, Senior Fellow at Yale's Paul Tsai China Center. [Shields of the Republic: The Triumph and Peril of America’s Alliances, Harvard University Press, ProQuest Ebook Central]	Rapp-Hooper 20 --	6,504	20	1,521	0
5,392	2,706,049	85,890	null	null	1nc	Plank 2 means it doesn’t link to the net benefits	Hickok 13	Hickok 13	69,586	124	1,486	0
7,842	226,387	2,907	School Discipline Aff	Civic Engagement	Balkans Impact	Unchecked Balkans risk escalation – spills over to all of Europe	Day, 17 (Matthew Day, "War is brewing in the Balkans again –the West can't afford to turn a blind eye any longer," May 25, 2017, Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/25/war-brewing-balkans-the-west-cant-afford-turn-blind-eye-longer/) // kt	Day, 17	147,799	1	3,865	1
4,936	1,715,928	50,981	null	null	1NC – Politics	The Aff’s restraint trades off.	Pillar, 12/5/2020 --- Non-resident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies of Georgetown University, served 28 years in U.S. intelligence community (Paul R., “Why Joe Biden Won’t Be Free from America’s Forever Wars; Those who strongly believe in a less militarist U.S. foreign policy should not make the mistake of focusing narrowly on the issue of ending the war in Afghanistan as if it were isolated from everything else a president does,” https://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/why-joe-biden-won%E2%80%99t-be-free-america%E2%80%99s-forever-wars-173829, accessed on 12/22/2020, JMP)	Pillar, 12/5	20,033	90	3,812	0
3,681	1,718,084	51,036	null	1NC	1NC – Politics	The Aff’s restraint trades off.	Pillar, 12/5/2020 --- Non-resident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies of Georgetown University, served 28 years in U.S. intelligence community (Paul R., “Why Joe Biden Won’t Be Free from America’s Forever Wars; Those who strongly believe in a less militarist U.S. foreign policy should not make the mistake of focusing narrowly on the issue of ending the war in Afghanistan as if it were isolated from everything else a president does,” https://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/why-joe-biden-won%E2%80%99t-be-free-america%E2%80%99s-forever-wars-173829, accessed on 12/22/2020, JMP)	Pillar, 12/5	20,033	90	3,812	0
7,062	1,715,067	50,954	null	null	1NC -- Politics	The Aff’s restraint trades off.	Pillar, 12/5/2020 --- Non-resident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies of Georgetown University, served 28 years in U.S. intelligence community (Paul R., “Why Joe Biden Won’t Be Free from America’s Forever Wars; Those who strongly believe in a less militarist U.S. foreign policy should not make the mistake of focusing narrowly on the issue of ending the war in Afghanistan as if it were isolated from everything else a president does,” https://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/why-joe-biden-won%E2%80%99t-be-free-america%E2%80%99s-forever-wars-173829, accessed on 12/22/2020, JMP)	Pillar, 12/5	20,033	90	3,812	0
2,565	905,517	22,006	null	1AR	1AR – Cap K	They systematically underestimate market ingenuity – the same reason every other historically similar argument was wrong – and answer resources	Rune Westergård 18. Entrepreneur, Engineer and Author, founder of the technical consulting company CITEC. 2018. “Real and Imagined Threats.” One Planet Is Enough, Springer International Publishing, pp. 71–80. CrossRef, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60913-3_7.	Westergård 18. Entrepreneur, Engineer and Author, founder of the technical consulting company CITEC. 2018. “Real and Imagined Threats.” One Planet Is Enough, Springer International Publishing, pp. 71–80. CrossRef, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60913-3_7.	19,812	217	26,631	1
6,204	1,665,210	49,701	null	null	null	the impact is slow death	Shildrick 15 (Margrit Shildrick - Guest Professor of Gender and Knowledge Production at ERG, Stockholm University, and Visiting Professor of Critical Disability Studies at York University, Toronto. “living on; not getting better” Feminist Review, November 2015, Volume 111, Issue 1, pgs. 10-24. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/fr.2015.22, DOA: 11/13/18, kbb)	Shildrick 15	82,163	25	19,433	0
2,743	1,849,039	54,265	2AC	On	ADV	Pursuit is inevitable---decline causes global war	Stephen M. Walt 17, is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/	Walt 17 is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/	77,606	57	750	1
845	1,844,819	54,172	1NR	Case	1NC – Reform	Pursuit is inevitable---decline causes global war	Stephen M. Walt 17, is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/	Walt 17 professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/	77,606	57	756	1
2,084	1,753,351	51,774	1nr	assurance	Russia-Ukraine War D: 1NC	1. The opposite of cred theory has no explanatory power—err neg.	Brands 20—(Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at Johns Hopkins University). Hal Brands. Does U.S. Credibility Matter? Trump Is Putting It to the Test. 1-16-20. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2020-01-16/does-u-s-credibility-matter-trump-is-putting-it-to-the-test.	Brands 20	20,145	170	2,316	0
8,065	1,632,845	48,880	CP	Prolif DA	2NC --- Link --- Ukraine	The aff shreds Budapest --- collapses the final pillar of the NPT and causes human extinction	Umland 17 [Andreas Umland is a German political scientist, historian and Russian interpreter, specializing in contemporary Russian and Ukrainian history. He is a Member of the Institute for Central and East European Studies at the Catholic University, and a senior research fellow at the Institute for Euro-Atlantic Cooperation in Kyiv. The Price of Appeasing Russian Adventurism. January 16, 2017. https://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/67692]	Umland 17	336,108	133	5,087	0
8,071	1,658,969	49,527	1NR	Iran	Ukraine Prolif---MUST READ---OV---2NC	The aff shreds Budapest --- collapses the final pillar of the NPT and causes human extinction	Umland 17 [Andreas Umland is a German political scientist, historian and Russian interpreter, specializing in contemporary Russian and Ukrainian history. He is a Member of the Institute for Central and East European Studies at the Catholic University, and a senior research fellow at the Institute for Euro-Atlantic Cooperation in Kyiv. The Price of Appeasing Russian Adventurism. January 16, 2017. https://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/67692]	Umland 17	336,108	133	5,087	0
153	1,845,261	54,181	2AC	Off	K	Antiblackness can be made undone through specific policy choices	---anti-black racism isn’t inevitable---it was created by policy choices, racist laws created stigmas, so reversing those policies can deconstruct it	null	40,310	326	5,896	0
155	1,847,846	54,236	2AC	Off	K	Antiblackness can be made undone through specific policy choices	---anti-black racism isn’t inevitable---it was created by policy choices, racist laws created stigmas, so reversing those policies can deconstruct it	null	40,310	326	5,896	0
1,796	4,022,877	136,679	2AC	Off	K	Antiblackness can be made undone through specific policy choices	---anti-black racism isn’t inevitable---it was created by policy choices, racist laws created stigmas, so reversing those policies can deconstruct it	null	40,310	326	5,896	0
6,567	3,923,163	131,593	null	K---Cap	Cap K---LIO---2AC	Yes sustainability.	Beckley ’18 [Michael; 2018; Professor of International Relations at Tufts University, Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University; Unrivaled: Why America Will Remain the World’s Sole Superpower, “Why America?” Ch. 1]	Beckley ’18	20,919	213	4,807	1
2,627	3,152,799	102,214	Kentucky Round 3 – Minnesota FJ Neg vs Missouri State MW	1NC	Trade	Relations resilient---history, interdependence, and shared enemies	Sondland 9/6 Gordon Sondland is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/ BRUSSELS — Spend time in Europe or the United States these days and you will see a lot of handwringing about the state of the transatlantic relationship, and even hear questions about its relevance. These concerns ignore a key fact: Our relationship has faced and overcome disagreements big and small since the very beginning.	Sondland 9/6 Gordon Sondland is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/	1,307,074	7	5,265	1
3,026	3,144,941	102,102	1NC	Case	Trade	Relations resilient---history, interdependence, and shared enemies	Sondland 9/6 Gordon Sondland is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/	Sondland 9/6 is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/	1,307,074	7	5,592	1
4,086	2,774,524	87,872	2ac	T Substantial	2ac – at: substantial	3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program	DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015	DOD 15	76,541	160	2,472	1
4,087	2,774,564	87,872	1ar	T Substantial	2ac – at: substantial	3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program	DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015	DOD 15	76,541	160	2,472	1
4,112	2,782,225	87,825	2ac	1	2ac – at: substantial	3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program	DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015	DOD 15	76,541	160	2,472	1
4,088	2,776,914	87,868	Case	Substantial	2ac – at: substantial	3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program	DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015	DOD 15	76,541	160	2,472	1
3,090	2,775,765	87,907	Offcase	T-subs	2ac – at: substantial	3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program	DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015	DOD 15	76,541	160	2,472	1
3,117	4,035,507	137,542	2ac new trier – round 3	1 – t	2ac – at: substantial	3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program	DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015	DOD 15	76,541	160	2,472	1
3,120	4,035,607	137,544	2ac	1	2ac – at: substantial	3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program	DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015	DOD 15	76,541	160	2,472	1
5,198	478,713	6,166	impact	answers to:	-- inflation impact	Money supply is down four trillion in last five years	Brown, 12 (Ellen, attorney and president of the Public Banking Institute, 9/21/12, “Why QE3 Won’t Jumpstart the Economy—and What Would” https://webofdebt.wordpress.com/2012/09/21/why-qe3-wont-jumpstart-the-economy-and-what-would-2/)	Brown, 12	299,987	1	351	1
307	2,615,632	83,232	*1NC*	Case	FW -- Debate Solves Collapse	agonistic debate SOLVES collapse and oversaturation of meaning	Bryan S. Turner 4, Dean of Social Sciences at Deakin University, Australia, “Baudrillard for Sociologists,” in Forget Baudrillard?, 2004 edition, p. 80-83	Turner 4 2004 edition, p. 80-83	83,894	131	7,200	0
6,395	2,097,601	62,714	null	Innovation DA	CP	Warming increases suffering the longer it persists – the impact is extinction.	Xu and Ramanathan 17, Yangyang Xu, Assistant Professor of Atmospheric Sciences at Texas A&M University; and Veerabhadran Ramanathan, Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9/26/17, “Well below 2 °C: Mitigation strategies for avoiding dangerous to catastrophic climate changes,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, No. 39, p. 10315-10323//recut CHS PK	Xu and Ramanathan 17,	80,386	697	5,043	1
2,951	312,352	3,995	Privacy Impact File	Aff	AT: Balance of Powers Checks Abuse	Programs and courts don’t check – a lack of understanding means they default to what the government tells them	McGreal 7 – Paul E. McGreal, Professor of Law at the Southern Illinois University School of Law, Fall 2007 (“ESSAY: Counteracting Ambition: Applying Corporate Compliance and Ethics to the Separation of Powers Concerns with Domestic Surveillance,” LexisNexis Academic, Accessed 07-02-2015)	McGreal 7 – Paul E. McGreal, Professor of Law at the Southern Illinois University School of Law, Fall 2007 (“ ,” LexisNexis Academic, Accessed 07-02-2015)	199,348	1	3,055	1
7,898	312,058	3,987	Islamophobia Security Aff	1AC (Security)	Advantage	And – Anti-Muslim sentiment shapes US foreign policy---notions of western superiority are a critical tool that drum up support for broader militarism.	Kumar 13 (Deepa Kumar, is an Associate Professor of Media Studies and Middle Eastern Studies at the Rutgers University. She is the author of Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire and Outside the Box: Corporate Media, Globalization, and the UPS Strike being interviewed by Jessica Desvarieux, The Real News Network, “Twelve Years Post 9/11, Islamophobia Still Runs High”, http://truth-out.org/video/item/18759-twelve-years-post-9-11-islamophobia-still-runs-high)	Kumar 13 , The Real News Network, “Twelve Years Post 9/11, Islamophobia Still Runs High”, http://truth-out.org/video/item/18759-twelve-years-post-9-11-islamophobia-still-runs-high)	12,507	41	5,781	1
3,348	3,249,095	105,159	1AC	Charming Betsy	Scenario 2: India	Independently, terrorism triggers escalatory Indo-Pak conflict – extinction	Trevithick, 19 - Joseph Trevithick is an Fellow at GlobalSecurity.org, specializing in defense and security research and analysis (“Yes, India And Pakistan Could End The World As We Know It Through A Nuclear Exchange” The Drive, 2/27, http://thedrive.com/the-war-zone/26674/yes-india-and-pakistan-could-end-the-world-as-we-know-it-through-a-nuclear-exchange	Trevithick, 19	13,882	395	12,397	1
9,909	3,123,391	101,584	2NC	Court	AT: Do both	normal means is that cplan is decided now, but not announced until June. Perm has immediate legislative action – which makes SCOTUS seem sequentially reactive.	US Courts ‘10	US Courts ‘10	31,235	121	3,363	0
745	147,225	1,958	Environment	Resource scarcity	No impact	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
747	1,816,948	53,369	2NC	adv 2	No Impact	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
750	818,807	19,405	1NC	Agriculture	null	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
3,325	3,424,813	114,198	1AR	rural hospitals	1ar ext. resources	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
2,250	1,500,549	42,390	1AC	1AC—Advantages	Advantage – Mining	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
2,254	1,502,372	42,475	1AC	ADV	Advantage – Collisions	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
2,874	433,478	5,547	Neg	Warming	2NC No Wars	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Simon Dalby, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, 2006, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf	Dalby 2006	97,551	25	1,763	1
8,721	422,853	5,407	Case Answers	Energy Independence Answers	1NC	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 06 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 06	97,551	25	1,763	1
8,723	472,663	6,071	Advantage Answers	Water Advantage Answers	1NC Water Frontline	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	97,551	25	1,763	1
8,731	2,442,558	79,654	1ar	Mining	Labs	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
7,615	601,778	10,350	1AR	null	Mining	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
3,278	1,501,993	42,456	1AC	1AC—Advantages	Advantage – Debris	Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven	Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)	Dalby 6	97,551	25	1,763	1
8,660	3,580,960	118,731	null	2NC	States	State data collection interstate compacts are comparatively superior to the federal DOE – responsive to local conditions, only problem is funding which is solved by an interstate compact and devolution	Gross and Hill 16 --- Research Director at the Center on Reinventing Public Education at the University of	Gross and Hill 16 ---	133,645	15	6,171	0
4,911	1,603,249	46,727	1AC – Evergreening V2	1AC---Comp Worlds	null	2] Truth testing violates LD rules.	Nelson 08 [Adam Nelson (Director of Lincoln-Douglas Debate at the Harker School) “Towards a Comprehensive Theory of LD” The Lincoln-Douglas Debate Theory Journal April 15th 2008 http://ldtheoryjournal.blogspot.com/2008/04/towards-comprehensive-theory-of-ld-adam.html JW]	Nelson 08	347,439	195	1,533	1
2,427	3,293,089	107,937	null	3	null	Without vaccines, rampant disease leads to extinction	Keating ‘9 -- Foreign Policy web editor (Joshua, "The End of the World," Foreign Policy, 11-13-9, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, accessed 9-7-12)	Keating ‘9	20,050	214	1,253	1
2,728	3,292,498	108,018	null	null	null	Without vaccines, rampant disease leads to extinction	Keating ‘9 -- Foreign Policy web editor (Joshua, "The End of the World," Foreign Policy, 11-13-9, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, accessed 9-7-12)	Keating ‘9	20,050	214	1,253	1
2,729	3,293,228	107,953	1nc r2	null	Afghanistan	Without vaccines, rampant disease leads to extinction	Keating ‘9 -- Foreign Policy web editor (Joshua, "The End of the World," Foreign Policy, 11-13-9, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, accessed 9-7-12)	Keating ‘9	20,050	214	1,253	1

30

3,185,989

103,171

1NC

OFF

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

93

3,189,913

103,131

null

OFF

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,268

3,183,671

103,078

1NC

OFF

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,269

3,191,016

103,093

1NC

null

OFF

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,270

3,191,140

103,129

1NC

null

OFF

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,271

3,192,794

103,314

OFF

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,300

3,190,007

103,132

1NC

OFF

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,312

3,374,197

112,439

null

2

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,317

3,183,202

103,062

1NC

Off case

OFF

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,319

3,188,588

103,164

1NC

null

OFF

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,354

3,375,707

112,477

null

OFF

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,377

3,184,076

103,147

1NC

OFF

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

1,382

3,185,294

103,111

null

OFF

null

Trump causes prolif and Russian aggression - goes nuclear

David Axe 18, covered war and politics for The Daily Beast, Vice, The Village Voice, The Washington Times and C-SPAN, “The Risk to the World: Massive Nuclear Proliferation” https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-risk-to-the-world-massive-nuclear-proliferation

Axe 18

10,733

355

7,929

0

779

3,007,682

98,686

Wiki doc v. Kansas FM

1AR

1AR---ACA DA

Concludes the new ultra-conservative majority means it won’t moderate, especially on the ACA – impact’s inevitable. Cal = GREEN

McElwee 10-1-2018 – co-founder of Data for Progress, credited with creating the political platform around ‘abolish ICE’ (Sean, “Opinion: It's Time To Go To War With The Supreme Court. Here's How.” https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/seanmcelwee/time-for-left-to-go-to-war-with-the-supreme-court)

McElwee 10-1

56,131

28

7,353

1

5,877

1,501,866

42,451

1NC

Case

null

AND they can’t solve for increased debris by public entities which is something they can’t prevent

Their ev

null

361,722

123

4,194

1

7,903

286,741

3,627

Offcase

Politics

Politics Link

BIT is unpopular – American public showing less enthusiasm

Hu Weijia 6/7 Weijia is a reporter for the Global Times, “US must meet China halfway to reach agreement in investment treaty negotiations”, 6/7/16, http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/987281.shtml

Weijia 6/7

173,935

13

1,494

0

5,728

3,713,562

124,779

null

New

Econ collapse causes global nuclear war

Harold James 14, Professor of history at Princeton University’s Woodrow Wilson School who specializes in European economic history, 7/2/14, “Debate: Is 2014, like 1914, a prelude to world war?,” http://www.theglobeandmail.com/globe-debate/read-and-vote-is-2014-like-1914-a-prelude-to-world-war/article19325504/

James 14

53,936

345

6,286

1

7,847

514,729

6,787

1NC

Innovation ADV

Innovation---1NC

Smart cities are too expensive, and no one likes them.

Jim Robbins 22, Contributor for Yale Environment 360, “Why the Luster on Once-Vaunted ‘Smart Cities’ Is Fading,” Inside Climate News, 01-10-2022, https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10012022/smart-cities-autonomous-cars-pollution-sensors

Robbins 22

13,147

10

4,548

1

7,851

931,862

22,631

null

Case

Innovation---1NC

Smart cities are too expensive, and no one likes them.

Jim Robbins 22, Contributor for Yale Environment 360, “Why the Luster on Once-Vaunted ‘Smart Cities’ Is Fading,” Inside Climate News, 01-10-2022, https://insideclimatenews.org/news/10012022/smart-cities-autonomous-cars-pollution-sensors

Robbins 22

13,147

10

4,548

1

1,558

3,226,555

104,418

Lexington LZ – Neg – NDCA Round 4

Case

Secession

U.S. primacy’s not key to peace

Preble 16 Christopher Preble, vice president for defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, 8/31/16, “NO MORE OF THE SAME: THE PROBLEM WITH PRIMACY,” https://warontherocks.com/2016/08/no-more-of-the-same-the-problem-with-primacy/

Preble 16

41,842

156

7,174

1

4,009

3,221,316

104,519

Lexington LZ – Neg – NDCA Round 4

Case

Seccession

U.S. primacy’s not key to peace

Preble 16 Christopher Preble, vice president for defense and foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, 8/31/16, “NO MORE OF THE SAME: THE PROBLEM WITH PRIMACY,” https://warontherocks.com/2016/08/no-more-of-the-same-the-problem-with-primacy/

Preble 16

41,842

156

7,174

1

4,919

172,253

2,252

**ANSWERS TO**

AT: Heg Good/Realism

Heg Bad—War

Hegemony leads to global wars

Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)

Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both //GHS-AK)

97,161

32

6,805

1

4,096

3,245,146

105,196

2nc

Cyber Adv

null

Hegemony leads to global wars

Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)

Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both //GHS-AK)

97,161

32

6,805

1

9,718

232,486

2,960

AT HEGEMONY ADVANTAGES

IMPACT OFFENSE

Heg bad – laundry list

Hegemony leads to global wars

Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)

Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both //GHS-AK)

97,161

32

6,805

1

9,904

3,212,487

106,102

null

Case

ADV

Hegemony leads to global wars

Gunnar 17’ - New York-based geopolitical analyst and writer especially for the online magazine New Eastern Outlook (Ulson, “US Foreign Policy: Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)

Gunnar 17’ Hegemony or Stability, Not Both”, 4/02/17, Global Research, http://www.globalresearch.ca/us-foreign-policy-hegemony-or-stability-not-both/5582758//GHS-AK)

97,161

32

6,805

1

7,801

480,050

6,184

Cuba Terror List Aff

Credibility Adv.

Terror Impact – US Lashout

US would retaliate

Record 03 – researcher for the strategic studies institute (Jeffery Record, BOUNDING THE GLOBAL WAR ON TERRORISM, Army, December 03, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub207.pdf) TA

null

300,543

2

947

1

5,268

480,170

6,190

null

Case Offense

Terror Impact Ext.– US Lashout

US would retaliate

Record 03 – researcher for the strategic studies institute (Jeffery Record, BOUNDING THE GLOBAL WAR ON TERRORISM, Army, December 03, http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub207.pdf) TA

null

300,543

2

947

1

2,565

2,437,480

79,518

1AR

NATO

Labs

So many thumpers – cal will insert blue – anything else is a moral hazard that incentives the neg to read horrible ev

Stephen Collinson, 18 (reporter for CNN Politics covering the White House, and politics across the United States and around the world, “NATO allies wonder if the West can withstand the Trump presidency,” https://www.cnn.com/2018 /07/11/politics/donald-trump-nato-russia-putin/index.html, Retrieved 8/19/2019, rwg)

Collinson 18

1,094,678

40

10,199

0

9,171

131,009

1,787

Add-ONs/Impacts

Gender-Based Violence

Climate Change

Removing barriers against women is crucial to solving climate change

Wedeman 18 (Nicholas Wedeman, Technical Advisor, Climate and Environment, FHI 360; and Tricia Petruney, Technical Advisor, Research Utilization, FHI 360, August 2018, “Invest in Girls and Women to Tackle Climate Change and Conserve the Environment“, No Publication, http://deliverforgood.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Deliver_For_Good_Brief_10_09.17.17.pdf, accessed 7-15-2019) wl

Wedeman 18

88,163

1

22,848

1

7,937

3,464,700

115,287

1AC

null

Disease

Particularly, the flu avoids their defense

Dr. Sanjay Gupta 17, Associate Chief of the Neurosurgery Service at Grady Memorial Hospital, Chief Medical Correspondent for CNN, Assistant Professor of Neurosurgery at the Emory University School of Medicine, MD from the University of Michigan, “The Big One is Coming, and It's Going to be a Flu Pandemic”, CNN, 2017, http://www.cnn.com/2017/04/07/health/flu-pandemic-sanjay-gupta/

Gupta 17

36,772

107

8,245

1

1,755

1,621,266

47,889

null

Turkey’s NATO membership is key as NATO’s relationship with Turkey is what motivates Turkey to oppose Russia

Stein, 22 Aaron Stein, Director of Research at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, "Turkey’s Response to the Russia-Ukraine Crisis," Foreign Policy Research Institute, January 2022, https://www.fpri.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/turkeys-response-to-the-russia-ukraine-crisis.pdf, accessed 1-15-2022

Stein, 22

565,241

4

2,064

1

5,030

1,621,265

47,889

null

Turkey’s NATO membership is key as NATO’s relationship with Turkey is what motivates Turkey to oppose Russia

Stein, 22 Aaron Stein, Director of Research at the Foreign Policy Research Institute, "Turkey’s Response to the Russia-Ukraine Crisis," Foreign Policy Research Institute, January 2022, https://www.fpri.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/turkeys-response-to-the-russia-ukraine-crisis.pdf, accessed 1-15-2022

Stein, 22

565,241

4

24,900

1

696

1,702,954

50,663

1NR

DA---Deterrence

1nr---Turns Case

2---Uniqueness filters their defense – Russia has never once attacked a NATO country because it knows that Article 5 is a line it cannot cross – but weakened US commitment changes their calculus

Bryan Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html

Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html

13,844

48

4,334

0

9,066

1,697,927

50,539

1nr vs Michigan

DA---Deterrence

1nr---Turns Case

2---Uniqueness filters their defense – Russia has never once attacked a NATO country because it knows that Article 5 is a line it cannot cross – but weakened US commitment changes their calculus

Bryan Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html

Frederick et. al. 17, Senior Political Scientist @ RAND, Ph.D. in international relations, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS); M.A. in international relations and international economics, Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS), “Assessing Russian Reactions to U.S. and NATO Posture Enhancements”, https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1879.html

13,844

48

4,334

0

1,693

3,949,271

132,898

null

Adv – Food

Ag collapse induce cascading failures that risk all life

C. E. Richards et al (With R. C. Lupton & J. M. Allwood, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge) 2021 [“Re-framing the threat of global warming: an empirical causal loop diagram of climate change, food insecurity and societal collapse” Climatic Change (2021) 164: 49, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10584-021-02957-w, loghry]

Richards et al 2021

24,264

257

9,831

1

1,429

1,887,520

55,587

null

1NC v James Logan BM

Case

[3] Rejecting constitutionalism precludes an important tool for abolition

Roberts, ‘19 (Dorothy E. Roberts; an acclaimed scholar of race, gender and the law at the University of Pennsylvania in the Departments of Africana Studies and Sociology and the Law School where she holds the inaugural Raymond Pace and Sadie Tanner Mossell Alexander chair; “Abolition Constitutionalism The Supreme Court 2018 Term: Foreword”, Harvard Law Review, Vol. 133, No. 1, p. 1, Nov. 2019; https://heinonline.org/HOL/Page?handle=hein.journals/hlr133&id=8&collection=journals&index=; JB)

Roberts, ‘19

45,058

275

15,803

0

5,936

1,655,803

49,461

null

North Korea Deterrence

South Korea defense pact deters aggression---the plan emboldens the North---causing regional aggression and global blackmail

Michael Auslin 17. Payson J. Treat Distinguished Research Fellow in Contemporary Asia at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, and a Senior Fellow in the Asia and National Security Programs at the Foreign Policy Research Institute. “Is It Time to Reassess the U.S.-South Korea Alliance?” The Atlantic. 6-29-2017. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/06/south-korea-alliance-north-korea-kim-moon-trump/532113/

Auslin 17 https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/06/south-korea-alliance-north-korea-kim-moon-trump/532113/

771,298

80

3,453

0

2,341

2,586,085

82,897

1NR

Links

AT: Normal Means

No fiat of repeal of the wolf amendment—CX established that—normal means by-pass of it requires congressional approval and FBI authorization—still goes through congress and links to the DA—prevents passage of USMCA

null

1,133,779

1

null

0

4,228

295,093

3,732

1nc

null

The alternative is to reject the aff in favor of a feminist material analysis—such an analysis opens space for both cultural and transformative politics that directly challenges the way institutions distribute resources and cultural power

Ebert 93 (Teresa, Professor of Humanities at the College of Arts and Sciences at the University at Albany who specializes in Critical and Cultural Theory, Feminist Critique, Marxist Theory and Globalization Theory, “Ludic Feminism, the Body, Performance, and Labor: Bringing ‘Materialism’ Back into Feminist Cultural Studies” https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1354189.pdf)//meb

Ebert 93

90,510

6

12,587

0

905

475,292

6,083

null

2NC Trade NB

An Open Skies agreement needs to be put in place for efficient trade- the plan cannot overcome this

Selee and Wilson 2012, * Vice President for Programs and Senior Advisor to the Mexico Institute ** is an associate with the Mexico Institute (Andrew and Christopher, “A New Agenda with Mexico”, Wilson Center, Nov 2012, http://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/a_new_agenda_with_mexico.pdf)//CW

Selee and Wilson 2012, * Vice President for Programs and Senior Advisor to the Mexico Institute ** is an associate with the Mexico Institute (Andrew and Christopher, “A New Agenda with Mexico”, Wilson Center, Nov 2012, )//CW

276,891

17

3,056

0

7,732

3,683,680

123,409

null

Case

2ac V2L Inev

Life has intrinsic value – even a resilient life is worth living.

Kacou 8 (Amien WHY EVEN MIND? On The A Priori Value Of “Life”, Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy, Vol 4, No 1-2 (2008) cosmosandhistory.org/index.php/journal/article/view/92/184 )

Kacou 8

96,600

200

3,477

1

12

3,371,623

112,318

1NC

Off

null

We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.

Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]

Debrix and Artrip 14

3,950

294

8,699

0

4,489

3,371,475

112,236

1NC

Off

null

We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.

Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]

Debrix and Artrip 14

3,950

294

8,699

0

8,932

3,369,238

112,250

1NC

Off

null

We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.

Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]

Debrix and Artrip 14

3,950

294

8,699

0

6,585

3,367,916

112,285

1NC

Off

null

We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.

Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]

Debrix and Artrip 14

3,950

294

8,699

0

3,719

3,627,766

120,765

NSD- R3-Neg

null

1

We are living in a system of hyper reality, an obscene proliferation of meaning caused by the lack of a reference point for the real events attempting to be described. The impact is the destruction of meaning- the system demands that information be found and circulated to replace the actual meaning that has been lost.

Debrix and Artrip 14 [François Debrix and Ryan E. Artrip, (François Debrix is Director of the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) and Professor of Political Science at Virginia Tech. Debrix researches social and political theory, international relations theory, critical geopolitics, and media and visual studies. He is the author, among other books, of Tabloid Terror: War, Culture, and Geopolitics (2008) and Beyond Biopolitics: Theory, Violence, and Horror in World Politics (2011). He is currently completing a manuscript on the politics and theory of horror and bodily dismemberment. He has also translated several of Jean Baudrillard’s essays for the journal C-Theory. Ryan E. Artrip is a doctoral candidate in the Alliance for Social, Political, Ethical, and Cultural Thought (ASPECT) at Virginia Tech. His research interests are in political and cultural theory, international relations theory, and media studies. Artrip is currently engaged in research on viral media and the history of Western representational thought., ) "The Digital Fog Of War: Baudrillard And The Violence Of Representation" International Journal Of Baudrillard Studies, 5-1-2014, https://www2.ubishops.ca/baudrillardstudies/vol-11_2/v11-2-debrix.html, DOA:3-20-2018 // WWBW]

null

3,950

294

8,699

0

4,793

1,879,683

55,352

null

Case

Adv 1

CO2, which they reduce by attempting to solve warming, is essential to food and biodiversity – turns case.

Carter et al 14 (Dr. Craig D. Idso, Dr. Sherwood B. Idso, Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, Dr. Robert M. Carter, Emeritus Fellow, Institute of Public Affairs and Dr. S. Fred Singer, Science and Environmental Policy Project, “Summary for Policymakers,” CLIMATE CHANGE RECONSIDERED II: BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS, 2014 Report of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), 2014, p. 3.

Carter et al 14

240,022

26

2,886

1

8,373

1,879,892

55,358

null

Case

Adv 2

CO2, which they reduce by attempting to solve warming, is essential to food and biodiversity – turns case.

Carter et al 14 (Dr. Craig D. Idso, Dr. Sherwood B. Idso, Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, Dr. Robert M. Carter, Emeritus Fellow, Institute of Public Affairs and Dr. S. Fred Singer, Science and Environmental Policy Project, “Summary for Policymakers,” CLIMATE CHANGE RECONSIDERED II: BIOLOGICAL IMPACTS, 2014 Report of the Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change (NIPCC), 2014, p. 3.

Carter et al 14

240,022

26

2,886

1

5,826

1,853,649

54,425

null

case

Terror

Impacts empirically denied and the industry is resilient.

Shannon ‘10 Mike Shannon Global and US Sector Leader Chemicals and Performance Technologies, KPMG, independent Swiss consulting firm, 2010, "The Outlook for the US Chemical Industry", http://www.kpmg.com/US/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/us-chemical-industry-outlook.pdf Liam

Shannon ‘10

135,176

5

2,765

1

845

231,625

2,950

Impact Defense

Chemical Industry

1NC – No !

Impacts empirically denied and the industry is resilient.

Shannon ‘10 Mike Shannon Global and US Sector Leader Chemicals and Performance Technologies, KPMG, independent Swiss consulting firm, 2010, "The Outlook for the US Chemical Industry", http://www.kpmg.com/US/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/Documents/us-chemical-industry-outlook.pdf Liam

Shannon ‘10

135,176

5

2,765

1

3,421

1,726,893

51,227

1NR Doubles

DA

AT: Alliance Discipline

Conditioning the whole pact incentives hedging.

Rapp-Hooper 20 -- Mira Rapp-Hooper, Political Science PhD at Columbia University, Senior Research Scholar in Law at Yale Law School, Senior Fellow at Yale's Paul Tsai China Center, Senior Fellow at Yale's Paul Tsai China Center. [Shields of the Republic: The Triumph and Peril of America’s Alliances, Harvard University Press, ProQuest Ebook Central]

Rapp-Hooper 20 --

6,504

20

1,521

0

5,392

2,706,049

85,890

null

1nc

Plank 2 means it doesn’t link to the net benefits

Hickok 13

69,586

124

1,486

0

7,842

226,387

2,907

School Discipline Aff

Civic Engagement

Balkans Impact

Unchecked Balkans risk escalation – spills over to all of Europe

Day, 17 (Matthew Day, "War is brewing in the Balkans again –the West can't afford to turn a blind eye any longer," May 25, 2017, Telegraph, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/05/25/war-brewing-balkans-the-west-cant-afford-turn-blind-eye-longer/) // kt

Day, 17

147,799

1

3,865

1

4,936

1,715,928

50,981

null

1NC – Politics

The Aff’s restraint trades off.

Pillar, 12/5/2020 --- Non-resident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies of Georgetown University, served 28 years in U.S. intelligence community (Paul R., “Why Joe Biden Won’t Be Free from America’s Forever Wars; Those who strongly believe in a less militarist U.S. foreign policy should not make the mistake of focusing narrowly on the issue of ending the war in Afghanistan as if it were isolated from everything else a president does,” https://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/why-joe-biden-won%E2%80%99t-be-free-america%E2%80%99s-forever-wars-173829, accessed on 12/22/2020, JMP)

Pillar, 12/5

20,033

90

3,812

0

3,681

1,718,084

51,036

null

1NC

1NC – Politics

The Aff’s restraint trades off.

Pillar, 12/5/2020 --- Non-resident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies of Georgetown University, served 28 years in U.S. intelligence community (Paul R., “Why Joe Biden Won’t Be Free from America’s Forever Wars; Those who strongly believe in a less militarist U.S. foreign policy should not make the mistake of focusing narrowly on the issue of ending the war in Afghanistan as if it were isolated from everything else a president does,” https://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/why-joe-biden-won%E2%80%99t-be-free-america%E2%80%99s-forever-wars-173829, accessed on 12/22/2020, JMP)

Pillar, 12/5

20,033

90

3,812

0

7,062

1,715,067

50,954

null

1NC -- Politics

The Aff’s restraint trades off.

Pillar, 12/5/2020 --- Non-resident Senior Fellow at the Center for Security Studies of Georgetown University, served 28 years in U.S. intelligence community (Paul R., “Why Joe Biden Won’t Be Free from America’s Forever Wars; Those who strongly believe in a less militarist U.S. foreign policy should not make the mistake of focusing narrowly on the issue of ending the war in Afghanistan as if it were isolated from everything else a president does,” https://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/why-joe-biden-won%E2%80%99t-be-free-america%E2%80%99s-forever-wars-173829, accessed on 12/22/2020, JMP)

Pillar, 12/5

20,033

90

3,812

0

2,565

905,517

22,006

null

1AR

1AR – Cap K

They systematically underestimate market ingenuity – the same reason every other historically similar argument was wrong – and answer resources

Rune Westergård 18. Entrepreneur, Engineer and Author, founder of the technical consulting company CITEC. 2018. “Real and Imagined Threats.” One Planet Is Enough, Springer International Publishing, pp. 71–80. CrossRef, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60913-3_7.

Westergård 18. Entrepreneur, Engineer and Author, founder of the technical consulting company CITEC. 2018. “Real and Imagined Threats.” One Planet Is Enough, Springer International Publishing, pp. 71–80. CrossRef, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-60913-3_7.

19,812

217

26,631

1

6,204

1,665,210

49,701

null

the impact is slow death

Shildrick 15 (Margrit Shildrick - Guest Professor of Gender and Knowledge Production at ERG, Stockholm University, and Visiting Professor of Critical Disability Studies at York University, Toronto. “living on; not getting better” Feminist Review, November 2015, Volume 111, Issue 1, pgs. 10-24. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1057/fr.2015.22, DOA: 11/13/18, kbb)

Shildrick 15

82,163

25

19,433

0

2,743

1,849,039

54,265

2AC

On

ADV

Pursuit is inevitable---decline causes global war

Stephen M. Walt 17, is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/

Walt 17 is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/

77,606

57

750

1

845

1,844,819

54,172

1NR

Case

1NC – Reform

Pursuit is inevitable---decline causes global war

Stephen M. Walt 17, is the Robert and Renée Belfer professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/

Walt 17 professor of international relations at Harvard University. 1/25/17, “America’s New President Is Not a Rational Actor” https://foreignpolicy.com/2017/01/25/americas-new-president-is-not-a-rational-actor/

77,606

57

756

1

2,084

1,753,351

51,774

1nr

assurance

Russia-Ukraine War D: 1NC

1. The opposite of cred theory has no explanatory power—err neg.

Brands 20—(Henry A. Kissinger Distinguished Professor of Global Affairs at Johns Hopkins University). Hal Brands. Does U.S. Credibility Matter? Trump Is Putting It to the Test. 1-16-20. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2020-01-16/does-u-s-credibility-matter-trump-is-putting-it-to-the-test.

Brands 20

20,145

170

2,316

0

8,065

1,632,845

48,880

CP

Prolif DA

2NC --- Link --- Ukraine

The aff shreds Budapest --- collapses the final pillar of the NPT and causes human extinction

Umland 17 [Andreas Umland is a German political scientist, historian and Russian interpreter, specializing in contemporary Russian and Ukrainian history. He is a Member of the Institute for Central and East European Studies at the Catholic University, and a senior research fellow at the Institute for Euro-Atlantic Cooperation in Kyiv. The Price of Appeasing Russian Adventurism. January 16, 2017. https://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/67692]

Umland 17

336,108

133

5,087

0

8,071

1,658,969

49,527

1NR

Iran

Ukraine Prolif---MUST READ---OV---2NC

The aff shreds Budapest --- collapses the final pillar of the NPT and causes human extinction

Umland 17 [Andreas Umland is a German political scientist, historian and Russian interpreter, specializing in contemporary Russian and Ukrainian history. He is a Member of the Institute for Central and East European Studies at the Catholic University, and a senior research fellow at the Institute for Euro-Atlantic Cooperation in Kyiv. The Price of Appeasing Russian Adventurism. January 16, 2017. https://carnegieeurope.eu/strategiceurope/67692]

Umland 17

336,108

133

5,087

0

153

1,845,261

54,181

2AC

Off

K

Antiblackness can be made undone through specific policy choices

---anti-black racism isn’t inevitable---it was created by policy choices, racist laws created stigmas, so reversing those policies can deconstruct it

null

40,310

326

5,896

0

155

1,847,846

54,236

2AC

Off

K

Antiblackness can be made undone through specific policy choices

---anti-black racism isn’t inevitable---it was created by policy choices, racist laws created stigmas, so reversing those policies can deconstruct it

null

40,310

326

5,896

0

1,796

4,022,877

136,679

2AC

Off

K

Antiblackness can be made undone through specific policy choices

---anti-black racism isn’t inevitable---it was created by policy choices, racist laws created stigmas, so reversing those policies can deconstruct it

null

40,310

326

5,896

0

6,567

3,923,163

131,593

null

K---Cap

Cap K---LIO---2AC

Yes sustainability.

Beckley ’18 [Michael; 2018; Professor of International Relations at Tufts University, Ph.D. in Political Science from Columbia University; Unrivaled: Why America Will Remain the World’s Sole Superpower, “Why America?” Ch. 1]

Beckley ’18

20,919

213

4,807

1

2,627

3,152,799

102,214

Kentucky Round 3 – Minnesota FJ Neg vs Missouri State MW

1NC

Trade

Relations resilient---history, interdependence, and shared enemies

Sondland 9/6 Gordon Sondland is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/ BRUSSELS — Spend time in Europe or the United States these days and you will see a lot of handwringing about the state of the transatlantic relationship, and even hear questions about its relevance. These concerns ignore a key fact: Our relationship has faced and overcome disagreements big and small since the very beginning.

Sondland 9/6 Gordon Sondland is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/

1,307,074

7

5,265

1

3,026

3,144,941

102,102

1NC

Case

Trade

Relations resilient---history, interdependence, and shared enemies

Sondland 9/6 Gordon Sondland is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/

Sondland 9/6 is the U.S. ambassador to the EU. “The power and potential of the US-EU relationship.” Politico. September 6, 2018. https://www.politico.eu/article/gordon-sondland-oped-us-eu-relationship-power-potential/

1,307,074

7

5,592

1

4,086

2,774,524

87,872

2ac

T Substantial

2ac – at: substantial

3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program

DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015

DOD 15

76,541

160

2,472

1

4,087

2,774,564

87,872

1ar

T Substantial

2ac – at: substantial

3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program

DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015

DOD 15

76,541

160

2,472

1

4,112

2,782,225

87,825

2ac

1

2ac – at: substantial

3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program

DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015

DOD 15

76,541

160

2,472

1

4,088

2,776,914

87,868

Case

Substantial

2ac – at: substantial

3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program

DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015

DOD 15

76,541

160

2,472

1

3,090

2,775,765

87,907

Offcase

T-subs

2ac – at: substantial

3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program

DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015

DOD 15

76,541

160

2,472

1

3,117

4,035,507

137,542

2ac new trier – round 3

1 – t

2ac – at: substantial

3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program

DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015

DOD 15

76,541

160

2,472

1

3,120

4,035,607

137,544

2ac

1

2ac – at: substantial

3---C/I - Substantial reduction in arms sales must impact the viability of the program

DOD 15 “Operation of the Defense Acquisition System” Department of Defense INSTRUCTION - DoDI 5000.02, January 7, 2015

DOD 15

76,541

160

2,472

1

5,198

478,713

6,166

impact

answers to:

-- inflation impact

Money supply is down four trillion in last five years

Brown, 12 (Ellen, attorney and president of the Public Banking Institute, 9/21/12, “Why QE3 Won’t Jumpstart the Economy—and What Would” https://webofdebt.wordpress.com/2012/09/21/why-qe3-wont-jumpstart-the-economy-and-what-would-2/)

Brown, 12

299,987

1

351

1

307

2,615,632

83,232

***1NC***

Case

FW -- Debate Solves Collapse

agonistic debate SOLVES collapse and oversaturation of meaning

Bryan S. Turner 4, Dean of Social Sciences at Deakin University, Australia, “Baudrillard for Sociologists,” in Forget Baudrillard?, 2004 edition, p. 80-83

Turner 4 2004 edition, p. 80-83

83,894

131

7,200

0

6,395

2,097,601

62,714

null

Innovation DA

CP

Warming increases suffering the longer it persists – the impact is extinction.

Xu and Ramanathan 17, Yangyang Xu, Assistant Professor of Atmospheric Sciences at Texas A&M University; and Veerabhadran Ramanathan, Distinguished Professor of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9/26/17, “Well below 2 °C: Mitigation strategies for avoiding dangerous to catastrophic climate changes,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 114, No. 39, p. 10315-10323//recut CHS PK

Xu and Ramanathan 17,

80,386

697

5,043

1

2,951

312,352

3,995

Privacy Impact File

Aff

AT: Balance of Powers Checks Abuse

Programs and courts don’t check – a lack of understanding means they default to what the government tells them

McGreal 7 – Paul E. McGreal, Professor of Law at the Southern Illinois University School of Law, Fall 2007 (“ESSAY: Counteracting Ambition: Applying Corporate Compliance and Ethics to the Separation of Powers Concerns with Domestic Surveillance,” LexisNexis Academic, Accessed 07-02-2015)

McGreal 7 – Paul E. McGreal, Professor of Law at the Southern Illinois University School of Law, Fall 2007 (“ ,” LexisNexis Academic, Accessed 07-02-2015)

199,348

1

3,055

1

7,898

312,058

3,987

Islamophobia Security Aff

1AC (Security)

Advantage

And – Anti-Muslim sentiment shapes US foreign policy---notions of western superiority are a critical tool that drum up support for broader militarism.

Kumar 13 (Deepa Kumar, is an Associate Professor of Media Studies and Middle Eastern Studies at the Rutgers University. She is the author of Islamophobia and the Politics of Empire and Outside the Box: Corporate Media, Globalization, and the UPS Strike being interviewed by Jessica Desvarieux, The Real News Network, “Twelve Years Post 9/11, Islamophobia Still Runs High”, http://truth-out.org/video/item/18759-twelve-years-post-9-11-islamophobia-still-runs-high)

Kumar 13 , The Real News Network, “Twelve Years Post 9/11, Islamophobia Still Runs High”, http://truth-out.org/video/item/18759-twelve-years-post-9-11-islamophobia-still-runs-high)

12,507

41

5,781

1

3,348

3,249,095

105,159

1AC

Charming Betsy

Scenario 2: India

Independently, terrorism triggers escalatory Indo-Pak conflict – extinction

Trevithick, 19 - Joseph Trevithick is an Fellow at GlobalSecurity.org, specializing in defense and security research and analysis (“Yes, India And Pakistan Could End The World As We Know It Through A Nuclear Exchange” The Drive, 2/27, http://thedrive.com/the-war-zone/26674/yes-india-and-pakistan-could-end-the-world-as-we-know-it-through-a-nuclear-exchange

Trevithick, 19

13,882

395

12,397

1

9,909

3,123,391

101,584

2NC

Court

AT: Do both

normal means is that cplan is decided now, but not announced until June. Perm has immediate legislative action – which makes SCOTUS seem sequentially reactive.

US Courts ‘10

31,235

121

3,363

0

745

147,225

1,958

Environment

Resource scarcity

No impact

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

747

1,816,948

53,369

2NC

adv 2

No Impact

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

750

818,807

19,405

1NC

Agriculture

null

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

3,325

3,424,813

114,198

1AR

rural hospitals

1ar ext. resources

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

2,250

1,500,549

42,390

1AC

1AC—Advantages

Advantage – Mining

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

2,254

1,502,372

42,475

1AC

ADV

Advantage – Collisions

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

2,874

433,478

5,547

Neg

Warming

2NC No Wars

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Simon Dalby, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, 2006, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf

Dalby 2006

97,551

25

1,763

1

8,721

422,853

5,407

Case Answers

Energy Independence Answers

1NC

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 06 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 06

97,551

25

1,763

1

8,723

472,663

6,071

Advantage Answers

Water Advantage Answers

1NC Water Frontline

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

97,551

25

1,763

1

8,731

2,442,558

79,654

1ar

Mining

Labs

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

7,615

601,778

10,350

1AR

null

Mining

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

3,278

1,501,993

42,456

1AC

1AC—Advantages

Advantage – Debris

Resource scarcity leads to cooperation, not war – empirically proven

Dalby 6 (Simon, Dept. Of Geography, Carleton University, "Security and environment linkages revisited" in Globalisation and Environmental Challenges: Reconceptualising Security in the 21st Century, www.ntu.edu.sg/idss/publications/SSIS/SSIS001.pdf)

Dalby 6

97,551

25

1,763

1

8,660

3,580,960

118,731

null

2NC

States

State data collection interstate compacts are comparatively superior to the federal DOE – responsive to local conditions, only problem is funding which is solved by an interstate compact and devolution

Gross and Hill 16 --- Research Director at the Center on Reinventing Public Education at the University of

Gross and Hill 16 ---

133,645

15

6,171

0

4,911

1,603,249

46,727

1AC – Evergreening V2

1AC---Comp Worlds

null

2] Truth testing violates LD rules.

Nelson 08 [Adam Nelson (Director of Lincoln-Douglas Debate at the Harker School) “Towards a Comprehensive Theory of LD” The Lincoln-Douglas Debate Theory Journal April 15th 2008 http://ldtheoryjournal.blogspot.com/2008/04/towards-comprehensive-theory-of-ld-adam.html JW]

Nelson 08

347,439

195

1,533

1

2,427

3,293,089

107,937

null

3

null

Without vaccines, rampant disease leads to extinction

Keating ‘9 -- Foreign Policy web editor (Joshua, "The End of the World," Foreign Policy, 11-13-9, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, accessed 9-7-12)

Keating ‘9

20,050

214

1,253

1

2,728

3,292,498

108,018

null

Without vaccines, rampant disease leads to extinction

Keating ‘9 -- Foreign Policy web editor (Joshua, "The End of the World," Foreign Policy, 11-13-9, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, accessed 9-7-12)

Keating ‘9

20,050

214

1,253

1

2,729

3,293,228

107,953

1nc r2

null

Afghanistan

Without vaccines, rampant disease leads to extinction

Keating ‘9 -- Foreign Policy web editor (Joshua, "The End of the World," Foreign Policy, 11-13-9, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, accessed 9-7-12)

Keating ‘9

20,050

214

1,253

1