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21bf948238e257842d4d92dacd2317e3 | How can I help my child with cystic fibrosis get enough calories? | Children with CF need about 2,000 to 2,800 calories per day --that's more than most kids eat. One way to help your child take in more fat and calories is to offer whole milk at every meal. You can also add whole-milk dairy products to the foods she eats. For example: Use cream on cereal Add butter to most meals Put extra cheese in casseroles and other foods Vitamins. |
28bff603c767959461649f811c59824d | What is one of the most dangerous aspects of hypertension? | In fact, nearly one-third of people who have high blood pressure don't know it. The only way to know if your blood pressure is high is through regular checkups. This is especially important if you have a close relative who has high blood pressure. If your blood pressure is extremely high, there may be certain symptoms to look out for,including: Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Vision problems Chest pain Difficulty breathing Irregular heartbeat Blood in the urine Pounding in your chest, neck, or ears If you have any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately. You could be having a hypertensive crisis that could lead to a heart attack or stroke. |
8db79f8c41dc3e6da7f5faf45eee2e69 | What are symptoms to look out for regarding high blood pressure? | This is especially important if you have a close relative who has high blood pressure. If your blood pressure is extremely high, there may be certain symptoms to look out for,including: Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Vision problems Chest pain Difficulty breathing Irregular heartbeat Blood in the urine Pounding in your chest, neck, or ears If you have any of these symptoms, see a doctor immediately. You could be having a hypertensive crisis that could lead to a heart attack or stroke. |
9062b54d3ae41fe8a0971fb0f388cc92 | What foods should you eat while pregnant? | Eat a variety of foods to get all the nutrients you need. Recommended daily servings include 6-11 servings of breads and grains, two to four servings of fruit, four or more servings of vegetables, four servings of dairy products, and three servings of protein sources (meat, poultry, fish, eggs or nuts). Consume fats and sweets sparingly. |
b045c54e274d9359e8616093cb0db6a6 | Should you avoid fats while pregnant? | For a person eating 2000 calories a day, this would be 65 grams of fat or less per day. Limit cholesterol intake to 300 mg or less per day. |
17c027aafa7e6fb6e62dbe9d1d8e45ca | Can I eat a "low carb" diet while pregnant? | Low-carbohydrate diets, such as Atkins and the South Beach Diet, are very popular. There have been no studies of the effects of a low-carb diet on pregnancy, so its effect on the fetus, if any, are unknown. While you are pregnant, you should eat a balanced diet, from all of the food groups. |
c7fc551ba59f8280efff40eb5e296685 | What can happen if you do not have enough calcium while pregnant? | Your growing baby needs a considerable amount of calcium to develop. If you do not consume enough calcium to sustain the needs of your developing baby, your body will take calcium from your bones, decreasing your bone mass and putting you at risk for osteoporosis. Osteoporosis causes dramatic thinning of the bone, resulting in weak, brittle bones that can easily be broken. Pregnancy is a critical time for a woman to consume more calcium. Even if no problems develop during pregnancy, an inadequate supply of calcium at this time can diminish bone strength and increase your risk for osteoporosis later in life. |
d7a6c4565e1481e8ae9818acd3af384c | How much iron do you need during pregnancy? | Eating at least three servings of iron-rich foods a day will help ensure that you are getting 27 mg of iron in your daily diet. |
db8bb3e990f5d8e08597443cfc1ddac0 | Should you avoid alcohol while pregnant? | Avoid alcohol during pregnancy. Alcohol has been linked to premature delivery, intellectual disability, birth defects, and low birthweight babies. |
05c951177b13cd85ab0f17b5f2f268e2 | What is lactose intolerance? | If you are lactose intolerant, you can still receive the calcium you need. Here are some suggestions: Use Lactaid Milk fortified with calcium. Talk to your dietitian about other lactose-reduced products. |
30e6f1ad20db0b667526dc42d3effcf0 | How much folate do you need during pregnancy? | Choose at least one good source of folate every day, like dark green leafy vegetables, veal, and legumes (lima beans, black beans, black-eyed peas and chickpeas). Every pregnant woman needs at least 0.64 mg of folate per day to help prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida. Man-made supplements of folate are called folic acid and can be an important option when you are pregnant. |
810263c068fbdb0b8c4aa0a7b44ebdd2 | Should you avoid caffeine while pregnant? | Limit caffeine to no more than 300 mg per day. The caffeine content in various drinks depends on the beans or leaves used and how it was prepared. An 8-ounce cup of coffee has about 150 mg of caffeine on average while black tea has typically about 80 mg. A 12-ounce glass of caffeinated soda contains anywhere from 30-60 mg of caffeine. Remember, chocolate (especially dark chocolate) contains caffeine -- sometimes a significant amount. |
1f7a493bfa4a1e036ebb412ad70ed6e3 | Why do I need more calcium while pregnant? | Calcium also allows blood to clot normally, muscles and nerves to function properly, and the heart to beat normally. Most of the calcium in your body is found inside your bones. |
3c154c02beac4a5c18a292d53117a9d2 | How much vitamin A do you need during pregnancy? | Choose at least one source of vitamin A every other day. Sources of vitamin A include carrots, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, spinach, water squash, turnip greens, beet greens, apricots, and cantaloupe. |
9a6c7afb0ee2d4c30d2690504f5d0438 | Should you avoid saccharin while pregnant? | But, the use of other non-nutritive or artificial sweeteners approved by the FDA is acceptable during pregnancy. These FDA-approved sweeteners include aspartame ( Equal or Nutra Sweet), acesulfame- K ( Sunett), and sucralose ( Splenda). These sweeteners are considered safe in moderation, so talk with your health care provider about how much non-nutritive sweetener is acceptable during pregnancy. |
31fa6d64b196fd93d7b347844e43da2e | Can I stay vegetarian while pregnant? | Just because you are pregnant doesn't mean you have to diverge from your vegetarian diet. Your baby can receive all the nutrition he or she needs to grow and develop while you follow a vegetarian diet, if you make sure you eat a wide variety of healthy foods that provide enough protein and calories for you and your baby. Depending on the type of vegetarian meal plan you follow, you may need to adjust your eating habits to ensure that you and your baby are receiving adequate nutrition. You should consume about 300 more calories than you did before you became pregnant. Discuss your diet with your doctor. |
fa4125679e87ab298f645d35ab08f1e0 | What is the role of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system? | This is your endocrine system's master gland. It uses information it gets from your brain to tell other glands in your body what to do. |
8bd2d561186c40ada2701b9165be9fce | What should you know about the key parts in the endocrine system? | Your endocrine system: Makes hormones that control your moods, growth and development, metabolism, organs, and reproduction Controls how your hormones are released Sends those hormones into your bloodstream so they can travel to other body parts Many glands make up the endocrine system. The hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and pineal gland are in your brain. The thyroid and parathyroid glands are in your neck. The thymus is between your lungs, the adrenals are on top of your kidneys, and the pancreas is behind your stomach. Your ovaries (if you're a woman) or testes (if you're a man) are in your pelvic region. |
c4417624c7a8bee2fe9eec969124e349 | What can happen if your endocrine system isn't healthy? | If your endocrine system isn't healthy, you might have problems developing during puberty, getting pregnant, or managing stress. You also might gain weight easily, have weak bones, or lack energy because too much sugar stays in your blood instead of moving into your cells where it's needed for energy. |
7eab9a8865823feca94b610152a65c83 | What is the role of the parathyroid gland in the endocrine system? | This is a set of four small glands behind your thyroid. They play a role in bone health. The glands control your levels of calcium and phosphorus. |
008fef96ccceab972a55b92d8a8897e3 | What is the role of the adrenal glands in the endocrine system? | Best known for making the "fight or flight" hormone adrenaline (also called epinephrine), these two glands also make hormones called corticosteroids. They affect your metabolism and sexual function, among other things. |
a32c78a5bfbd75af67a90f4a62b43c1a | What health issues should you keep in mind regarding the endocrine system? | As you get older, it's natural to notice some things related to your endocrine system. Your metabolism tends to slow down. So you might gain weight even though you haven't changed how you eat or exercise. Hormonal shifts also explain, at least in part, why you're more likely to have heart disease, osteoporosis, and type 2 diabetes as you age. No matter how old you are, stress, infections, and being around certain chemicals can also mess with parts of your endocrine system. And genetics or lifestyle habits can increase your chances of an endocrine disorder like hypothyroidism, diabetes, or osteoporosis. |
1a2fdfd348047e5914ba148bbfe8d676 | What is the role of the thymus in the endocrine system? | This gland makes white blood cells called T-lymphocytes that fight infection and are crucial as a child's immune system develops. The thymus starts to shrink after puberty. |
d2eb56fd0cde1c3d26ad2eadc4d954a8 | How is cinnamon used? | But extracts from the bark of the cinnamon tree have also been used in traditional medicine around the world. There are many types of cinnamon, but darker-colored cassia is the one most commonly sold in the United States. Ceylon cinnamon, also known as true cinnamon, is frequently found in other countries. |
df643c6b36dfe9115e93a1777af35602 | Why do people take cinnamon as medicine? | Some research shows cassia cinnamon may lower blood sugar in people with diabetes. But other studies haven't found a benefit. There's also no proof that cinnamon can lower cholesterol or treat yeast infections in people with HIV. |
60f5344a6a2e74429c47fc2eb2b36fa1 | How much cinnamon should I take? | Because cinnamon is an unproven treatment, there isn't a set dose. Some experts suggest 1/2 to 1 teaspoon (2-4 grams) of powder a day. Some studies have used between 1 gram and 6 grams of cinnamon. Very high doses might be toxic. |
a9743ce1c8fdedcaacfe9401d3279515 | What are the side effects of taking cinnamon? | But heavy use could irritate your mouth and lips, causing sores. Some people are allergic to it. It might cause redness and irritation if you put it on your skin. |
ebc80988cd206de9800686ceec0215bf | What interactions might occur when taking cinnamon? | If you take any medication regularly, talk to your doctor before you start using cinnamon supplements. They could affect the way antibiotics, diabetes drugs, blood thinners, heart medicines, and others work. |
835e6b7fea5fcfed3fda9abc92dee3d9 | How much cinnamon should you take? | Because cinnamon is an unproven treatment, there isn't a set dose. Some experts suggest 1/2 to 1 teaspoon (2-4 grams) of powder a day. Some studies have used between 1 gram and 6 grams of cinnamon. Very high doses might be toxic. |
3392092bdd81271e921560d9d5b586a9 | When should I call a doctor about my child's abdominal pain? | When to Call a Doctor Call your child's doctor immediately if your child has any of the following: Persistent pain on the right side of the abdomen, which could be an appendicitis Pain confined to one part of the abdomen Severe or rapidly worsening abdominal pain or pain that doesn't go away within 24 hours Pain or tenderness when you press on the belly A swollen abdomen or an abdomen that is rigid to the touch Pain in the groin, or pain or swelling in a testicle Unexplained fever Lots of vomiting or diarrhea Bleeding from the rectum Blood in the stool or vomit A recent abdominal injury |
8ac9cd68b1379aed88afa08dd9433b61 | What is a gastrologist? | You may need to visit a gastroenterologist for health concerns with your: Esophagus, the tube that connects your mouth to your stomach Stomach Small intestine Colon Rectum Pancreas Gallbladder Bile ducts Liver Technically, a gastrologist is someone who specializes in gastrology. That could mean caring for the stomach with medicine. It could also mean caring for the stomach with food. Gastrology may have been a medical term in the early 1900s, judging by journals from around that time. If so, the word was long ago replaced by gastroenterology. You won't find doctors who describe themselves as gastrologists today -- at least not in the U. S. There are many reasons you may visit a gastroenterologist. |
5b4fe19d09619f646b82320706c3e70f | What is a gastroenterologist? | Gastroenterologists are doctors who are trained to diagnose and treat problems in your gastrointestinal ( GI) tract and liver. They have 5 to 6 years of specialized education after medical school. You may need to visit a gastroenterologist for health concerns with your: Esophagus, the tube that connects your mouth to your stomach Stomach Small intestine Colon Rectum Pancreas Gallbladder Bile ducts Liver Technically, a gastrologist is someone who specializes in gastrology. |
d021d11fd866ffbce91f4f1028c7b03b | How do I track my personal triggers for migraine attacks? | The first step is to track your migraine symptoms in a diary. Note what you were doing before and when your headache came on. What were you eating? How much sleep did you get the night before? Did anything stressful or important happen that day? These are key clues. |
6fd80a740b1d97541f29770b75b8c4da | What are the common migraine triggers? | When you look at your diary, you might find that these things tend to lead to a migraine: Stress Menstrual periods Changes in your normal sleep pattern Extreme fatigue Certain foods and drinks Too much caffeine or withdrawal from it Skipping meals or fasting Changes in the weather Exercise Smoking Bright, flickering lights Certain smells Watch what you eat and drink. |
02e9805e0690007795a29b787aabb067 | What are some triggers of migraines found in food? | Red wine, caffeine withdrawal, stress, and skipped meals are among the common culprits. |
e1100771c422bd98443fd4ed79152553 | How does someone track their migraine headaches? | With migraine, one of the best things you can do is learn your personal triggers that bring on the pain. Red wine, caffeine withdrawal, stress, and skipped meals are among the common culprits. The first step is to track your migraine symptoms in a diary. Note what you were doing before and when your headache came on. What were you eating? How much sleep did you get the night before? Did anything stressful or important happen that day? These are key clues. |
90d0610991881660625f2f61bdf466b9 | Should I track my personal triggers for migraine headaches? | With migraine, one of the best things you can do is learn your personal triggers that bring on the pain. Red wine, caffeine withdrawal, stress, and skipped meals are among the common culprits. |
98932dbed0ed007425ad916007f67dc3 | What is teriparatide (Forteo) for osteoporosis? | Teriparatide ( Forteo) is a synthetic version of the human parathyroid hormone, which helps to regulate calcium metabolism. It promotes the growth of new bone, while other osteoporosis medications improve bone density by inhibiting bone resorption, or breakdown. It is the only osteoporosis medicine approved by the FDA that rebuilds bone. Forteo should be used only in men with osteoporosis and postmenopausal women. |
b1d01746da87d87edb691fcf68c7e9ce | What are side effects of teriparatide (Forteo)? | Forteo's side effects may include: Itching, swelling, redness at injection site Back spasms Depression Leg cramps Heartburn Other side effects are also possible. Tell your doctor if you think Forteo is having a bad effect on your well-being. |
541eb03228772a1bdef176fcb2734655 | What other blood tests are used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease? | Electrolytes (sodium, potassium), protein, and markers of inflammation, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR) and C-reactive protein ( CRP), may be drawn to look at disease severity. Perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (p ANCA) levels may be up in ulcerative colitis. In addition, specific tests for sexually transmitted diseases may be done. |
63a3679f25627dd95dd497a78a95fa80 | What causes inflammatory bowel disease? | IBD is a disease with an unknown cause. Some agent or a combination of agents -- bacteria, viruses, antigens -- triggers the body's immune system to produce an inflammatory reaction in the intestinal tract. Recent studies show some combination of hereditary, genetic, and/or environmental factors may cause the development of IBD. It could also be that the body's own tissue causes an autoimmune response. Whatever causes it, the reaction continues without control and damages the intestinal wall, leading to diarrhea and abdominal pain. |
f2e0dcc1156f38db539bfa00fcdbb5ea | How is an upper endoscopy used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease? | If you have upper GI symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, a doctor will use an endoscope, a narrow, flexible tube with a camera and light, that will be inserted through the mouth -- to examine your esophagus, stomach, and duodenum, which is the first part of your small intestine. Ulceration occurs in the stomach and duodenum in up to one out of every 10 people with Crohn's disease. |
dc231fc913e3e8c0273992b64ace7e28 | How can support groups help with inflammatory bowel disease? | Participating in a support group puts you in contact with others who know exactly the effect IBD has on your day-to-day life, because they are going through the same things you are. They can offer support and tips on how to deal with symptoms and the effect they have on you. |
8fb21b7d447d6f7925ac5f2e6baa27dd | Are there complications associated with inflammatory bowel disease? | They include: Abdominal cramps and pain Diarrhea that may be bloody Severe urgency to have a bowel movement Fever Weight loss Loss of appetite Iron deficiency anemia due to blood loss IBD can lead to several serious complications in the intestines, including: Profuse intestinal bleeding from the ulcers Perforation, or rupture of the bowel Narrowing - called a stricture -- and obstruction of the bowel; found in Crohn's Fistulae (abnormal passages) and perianal disease, disease in the tissue around the anus; these conditions are more common in Crohn's than in ulcerative colitis. Toxic megacolon, which is an extreme dilation of the colon that is life-threatening; this is associated more with ulcerative colitis than Crohn's. Malnutrition IBD, particularly ulcerative colitis, also increases the risk of colon cancer. IBD can also affect other organs; for example, someone with IBD may have arthritis, skin conditions, inflammation of the eye, liver and kidney disorders, or bone loss. |
6aeab7e0d6b263dc54223676641a4caa | How can a specific diet help with inflammatory bowel disease? | Treatment for IBD involves a combination of self-care and medical treatment. Self-care Although no specific diet has been shown to prevent or treat IBD, dietary changes may be helpful in managing your symptoms. It's important to talk with your doctor about ways to modify your diet while making sure you get the nutrients you need. For instance, depending on your symptoms, the doctor may suggest that you reduce the amount of fiber or dairy products that you consume. Also, small, frequent meals may be better tolerated. In general, there is no need to avoid certain foods unless they cause or worsen your symptoms. One dietary intervention your doctor may recommend is a low-residue diet, a very restricted diet that reduces the amount of fiber and other undigested material that pass through your colon. Doing so can help relieve symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain. If you do go on a low-residue diet, be sure you understand how long you should stay on the diet, because a low-residue diet doesn't provide all the nutrients you need. Your doctor may recommend that you take vitamin supplements. |
ac5f29f1e651ba27f4494ec77bb56da4 | What other radiologic tests are used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease? | Computed tomography ( CT scan), magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI), and ultrasound have also been used in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. |
a8915a79bd59294076baff73abcbe23f | What are the major types of inflammatory bowel disease? | Two major types of IBD are ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Ulcerative colitis is limited to the colon or large intestine. Crohn's disease, on the other hand, can involve any part of the gastrointestinal tract from the mouth to the anus. Most commonly, though, it affects the last part of the small intestine or the colon or both. |
2bfc4e8eb0beb401894e0795a9a7d3cb | When is surgery needed to treat inflammatory bowel disease? | Surgical treatment for IBD depends upon the disease. Ulcerative colitis, for instance, can be cured with surgery, because the disease is limited to the colon. Once the colon is removed, the disease doesn't come back. However, surgery will not cure Crohn's disease, although some surgeries may be used. Excessive surgery in people with Crohn's disease can actually lead to more problems. |
75be607acb3bb376161e955cc2048f16 | How is a stool exam used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease? | In addition, the stool will be examined for traces of blood that cannot be seen with the naked eye. |
d5832e80447d6577642669dea5f59e04 | What are the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease? | As with other chronic diseases, a person with IBD will generally go through periods in which the disease flares up and causes symptoms, followed by periods in which symptoms decrease or disappear and good health returns. Symptoms range from mild to severe and generally depend upon what part of the intestinal tract is involved. They include: Abdominal cramps and pain Diarrhea that may be bloody Severe urgency to have a bowel movement Fever Weight loss Loss of appetite Iron deficiency anemia due to blood loss IBD can lead to several serious complications in the intestines, including: Profuse intestinal bleeding from the ulcers Perforation, or rupture of the bowel Narrowing - called a stricture -- and obstruction of the bowel; found in Crohn's Fistulae (abnormal passages) and perianal disease, disease in the tissue around the anus; these conditions are more common in Crohn's than in ulcerative colitis. |
1874b1519343e1d28a17668630c6fa3e | What surgical options are available for inflammatory bowel disease? | Which one is right for you depends on several factors: The extent of your disease Your age Your overall health The first option is called a proctocolectomy. It involves the removal of the entire colon and rectum. The surgeon then makes an opening on the abdomen called an ileostomy that goes into part of the small intestine. This opening provides a new path for feces to be emptied into a pouch that's attached to the skin with an adhesive. Another commonly used surgery is called ileoanal anastomosis. The surgeon removes the colon and then creates an internal pouch that connects the small intestine to the anal canal. This allows feces to still exit through the anus. |
d186e5a6c6b044159f607008a5583765 | What is the outlook for people with inflammatory bowel disease? | When you have an IBD, the symptoms will come and go over a period of many years. That doesn't mean they control you; managing your condition with the help of your health care providers is the best way to stay as healthy as possible in the long term. |
f6afb1189bec883740e7f3bc2bf3ef88 | What is inflammatory bowel disease like? | If you have an IBD, you know it usually runs a waxing and waning course. When there is severe inflammation, the disease is considered active and the person experiences a flare-up of symptoms. When there is less or no inflammation, the person usually is without symptoms and the disease is said to be in remission. |
4ef0bab0ab73ce2185fcc85b35e83ca3 | How is a complete blood count used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease? | A nurse or lab technician will draw blood, which will then be tested in the lab. An increase in the white blood cell count suggests the presence of inflammation. And if you have severe bleeding, the red blood cell count and hemoglobin level may decrease. |
5f40738f1c63dd1c8e77501398a539b9 | How can managing stress help with inflammatory bowel disease? | Another important aspect of self-care is to learn how to manage stress, which may worsen your symptoms. One thing you might want to do is to make a list of things that cause you stress and then consider which ones you can eliminate from your daily routine. Also, when you feel stress coming on, it can help to take several deep breaths and release them slowly by blowing out. Learning to meditate, creating time for yourself, and regular exercise are all important tools for reducing the amount of stress in your life. |
dd5f3bbb89d536ec0c1ddab09b0a442c | What is the goal of medical treatment for inflammatory bowel disease? | Medical Treatment The goal of medical treatment is to suppress the abnormal inflammatory response so intestinal tissue has a chance to heal. As it does, the symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain should be relieved. Once the symptoms are under control, medical treatment will focus on decreasing the frequency of flare-ups and maintaining remission. |
4d24cb4dcc55981332a7ac9ce187eb12 | How is a sigmoidoscopy used to diagnose inflammatory bowel disease? | In this procedure, a doctor uses a sigmoidoscope, a narrow, flexible tube with a camera and light, to visually examine the last one-third of your large intestine, which includes the rectum and the sigmoid colon. The sigmoidoscope is inserted through the anus and the intestinal wall is visually examined for ulcers, inflammation, and bleeding. The doctor may also take samples -- biopsies -- of the intestinal lining with an instrument inserted through the tube. These will then be examined in a laboratory under a microscope. |
e63515754bac5e82f293275ebd048179 | How common is surgery to treat inflammatory bowel disease? | Even though surgery will not cure Crohn's disease, approximately 50% of people with Crohn's require surgery at some point. If you have Crohn's disease and require surgery, your doctor will discuss your options with you. Be sure you ask questions and understand the goal or goals of the surgery, its risks and benefits, and what could happen if you don't have the surgery. |
66cb95fd113703ea690044d81ac83505 | What is a rotator cuff? | The rotator cuff is a group of tendons and muscles in your shoulder. They form a âcuffâ over the top end of your arm. It helps you lift and rotate your arm. And it keeps the shoulder steady as your arm moves. A rotator cuff tear can be caused by different things. It can get sore from normal wear and tear over the years. This happens mostly to people over age 40. But you can also get one in a fall or by repeating the same activity over and over. |
bd3b723bfa9f99541251474d51e55741 | How can you injure a rotator cuff? | When you do the same thing again and again, the rotator cuff can start to fray, like a worn sock. It can separate or tear, especially if you lift something heavy. |
83f434939c4cb91bc17516e0a733a45b | Can you use physical therapy after surgery for a rotator cuff tear? | The therapist will help you: Get back your range of motion Learn exercises to strengthen your shoulder muscles Improve the way you sit and stand (your posture) to help reduce pain Find a way to sleep that doesn't hurt your shoulder Learn to carry objects safely Use ice or heat to ease the pain Understand why you need to keep moving Find ways to do things so that they don't hurt your shoulder Return to your regular activities (be patient -- this can take a while) PT can also help you recover after rotator cuff surgery. |
eb07cfa4c9274ace0ac8f6dcf2bee469 | How can a physical therapist help you recover from a rotator cuff tear? | The therapist will help you: Get back your range of motion Learn exercises to strengthen your shoulder muscles Improve the way you sit and stand (your posture) to help reduce pain Find a way to sleep that doesn't hurt your shoulder Learn to carry objects safely Use ice or heat to ease the pain Understand why you need to keep moving Find ways to do things so that they don't hurt your shoulder Return to your regular activities (be patient -- this can take a while) PT can also help you recover after rotator cuff surgery. |
f1462712860b82b51b21a32676372de6 | What are signs of hypomania in bipolar II disorder? | Signs of hypomania in bipolar II disorder include: Decreased need for sleep Extreme focus on projects at work or at home Exuberant and elated mood Increased confidence Increased creativity and productivity Increased energy and libido Reckless behaviors Risky pleasure-seeking behaviors As with most mood disorders, there is no laboratory test or brain imaging method to diagnose bipolar disorder. |
8d5daaf98794aa2c4f4003b2d4a665fb | What are signs of mania in bipolar disorder? | The clinical depression symptoms seen with bipolar disorder are the same as those seen in major depressive disorder and include: Decreased appetite and/or weight loss, or overeating and weight gain Difficulty concentrating, remembering, and making decisions Fatigue, decreased energy, being "slowed down" Feelings of guilt, worthlessness, helplessness Feelings of hopelessness, pessimism Insomnia, early-morning awakening, or oversleeping Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities that were once enjoyed, including sex Persistent physical symptoms that do not respond to treatment, such as headaches, digestive disorders, and chronic pain Persistently sad, anxious, or "empty" moods Restlessness, irritability Thoughts of death or suicide, suicide attempts The signs of mania in bipolar disorder include: Disconnected and very fast (racing) thoughts Grandiose beliefs Inappropriate elation or euphoria Inappropriate irritability Inappropriate social behavior Increased sexual desire Increased talking speed or volume Markedly increased energy Poor judgment A decreased need for sleep due to high energy While mania is the main characteristic of bipolar I disorder, bipolar II has milder periods of elation known as hypomania. |
5ed43038bb9bdc9b8a99f8750d35b405 | At what age does bipolar disorder usually first appear? | It's rare that newly diagnosed mania is seen in young children or in adults over age 65. |
be0077cf88a48533eeae8fb4df0e659d | What happens when coronary arteries narrow? | When the coronary arteries narrow to the point that blood flow to the heart muscle is limited (coronary artery disease), a network of tiny blood vessels in the heart that aren't usually open (called collateral vessels) may enlarge and become active. This allows blood to flow around the blocked artery to the heart muscle, protecting the heart tissue from injury. |
222714da30369f8fe48104ea4b6fa55a | How does blood flow through your lungs? | This is called the pulmonary circulation. From your pulmonic valve, blood travels to the pulmonary arteries and eventually to tiny capillary vessels in the lungs. Here, oxygen travels from the tiny air sacs in the lungs, through the walls of the capillaries, into the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, passes from the blood into the air sacs. Carbon dioxide leaves the body when you exhale. Once the blood is oxygenated, it travels back to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. |
5e8f31c572af00a7a97da85d130e74d4 | What do valves do in the heart? | The heart valves work the same way as one-way valves in the plumbing of your home. They prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction. Each valve has a set of flaps, called leaflets or cusps. The mitral valve has two leaflets; the others have three. The leaflets are attached to and supported by a ring of tough, fibrous tissue called the annulus. The annulus helps to maintain the proper shape of the valve. The leaflets of the mitral and tricuspid valves are also supported by tough, fibrous strings called chordae tendineae. These are similar to the strings supporting a parachute. They extend from the valve leaflets to small muscles, called papillary muscles, which are part of the inside walls of the ventricles. |
582a9d84254244785878aecd7f5885ce | How does blood flow through the right side of the heart? | Right side of the heart Blood enters the heart through two large veins, the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right atrium. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your right atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve. When the ventricle is full, the tricuspid valve shuts. This prevents blood from flowing backward into the right atrium while the ventricle contracts. As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs, where it is oxygenated. The oxygenated blood then returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins. |
c4db0bfc6d3d90c8c0db7132b20f1857 | How does the heart beat? | The atria and ventricles work together, alternately contracting and relaxing to pump blood through your heart. This is your heartbeat. The electrical system of your heart is the power source that makes this possible. |
1a03a01953675acf93ab2141b930e700 | What does the heart look like on the inside? | On the inside, the heart is a four-chambered, hollow organ. It is divided into the left and right side by a muscular wall called the septum. The right and left sides of the heart are further divided into two top chambers called the atria, which receive blood from the veins, and two bottom chambers called ventricles, which pump blood into the arteries. |
11c117134c1be6601d64af811cc166e6 | What is a normal heart rate? | This fist-sized powerhouse beats (expands and contracts) 100,000 times per day, pumping five or six quarts of blood each minute, or about 2,000 gallons per day. |
b84d9f924f37352c753c596055793451 | How does blood travel through the heart? | As the heart beats, it pumps blood through a system of blood vessels, called the circulatory system. The vessels are elastic, muscular tubes that carry blood to every part of the body. Blood is essential. In addition to carrying fresh oxygen from the lungs and nutrients to your body's tissues, it also takes the body's waste products, including carbon dioxide, away from the tissues. This is necessary to sustain life and promote the health of all the body's tissues. |
50dcb8d9b3c56d60e844031fa280d13e | What are the two major coronary arteries? | Two major coronary arteries branch off from the aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet: Right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and right ventricle with blood. It branches into the posterior descending artery, which supplies the bottom portion of the left ventricle and back of the septum with blood. Left main coronary artery branches into the circumflex artery and the left anterior descending artery. The circumflex artery supplies blood to the left atrium, as well as the side and back of the left ventricle. The left anterior descending artery supplies the front and bottom of the left ventricle and the front of the septum with blood. |
14486860f698ac3e01a912d9a3430dbf | How does blood flow through the left side of the heart? | Left side of the heart The pulmonary veins empty oxygen-rich blood from the lungs into the left atrium. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your left atrium into your left ventricle through the open mitral valve. When the ventricle is full, the mitral valve shuts. This prevents blood from flowing backward into the atrium while the ventricle contracts. As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, into the aorta and to the body. |
24ba0207579ec0ca854dc0939c1e5e64 | What are the coronary arteries in your heart? | Like all organs, your heart is made of tissue that requires a supply of oxygen and nutrients. Although its chambers are full of blood, the heart receives no nourishment from this blood. The heart receives its own supply of blood from a network of arteries, called the coronary arteries. |
22933b87de1ecf45722bbaa20138ba14 | Where is your heart and what does it look like? | The heart is located under the rib cage, under and to the left of your breastbone (sternum), and between your lungs. Looking at the outside of the heart, you can see that the heart is made of muscle. The strong muscular walls contract (squeeze), pumping blood to the arteries. The major blood vessels that are connected to the heart include the aorta, the superior vena cava, the inferior vena cava, the pulmonary artery (which takes oxygen-poor blood from the heart to the lungs, where it is oxygenated), the pulmonary veins (which bring oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart) and the coronary arteries (which supply blood to the heart muscle). |
c73c88c518628ad4e21945c56b07011b | How is oppositional defiant disorder similar to ADHD? | Kids who lose their temper a lot, refuse to follow rules, argue with adults, and say mean things to other people are often diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder, or ODD. It usually goes away within 3 years in about 60% of kids. But studies have shown that about 30% of children with ODD develop conduct disorder. |
f8b732a241a8904118567f201657996e | How is depression related to ADHD? | Depression. About 1 in 7 children with ADHD are also diagnosed with depression. Experts think it could be made worse by the stress from having ADHD. To complicate things even more, certain ADHD medications have side effects that can look like symptoms of depression, including changes in eating and sleeping habits. |
6c5fe1195c478690e37f940bd6fcc08e | How are anxiety disorders related to ADHD? | About one-fifth of kids with ADHD also have some type of anxiety disorder, including separation anxiety, social anxiety, or general anxiety. And children with ADHD are more likely than others to get anxiety. The type of medication they take for ADHD makes a big difference if they also have anxiety. |
aed5dd1901430ec3c353e5c89009b74a | How can lupus cause color changes in fingers and toes? | Blood vessels in your fingers and toes can tighten and slow the flow of blood there. The tips of your fingers or toes may turn red, white, or blue in cold weather or a cold room. They may also tingle, hurt, or go numb. This problem is known as Raynaud's phenomenon. It helps to keep your toes and fingers warm by wearing mittens and thick socks. |
06ded90de8be669ef692a61811cc683d | How can you treat skin conditions caused by lupus? | Your doctor will likely prescribe a topical medication, such as a steroid cream or gel, to clear up the problems. Sometimes steroid shots are used. You can also help prevent skin reactions, too. The best way is to use sunscreen to protect yourself from the sun's ultraviolet ( UV) rays, and cover up! |
68a8e29a7e3d407f39efbdb18673ba3f | How can lupus cause bluish, lacy pattern under the skin? | This is known as livedo reticularis. It's likely to appear on your legs, where it can give a "fishnet" look. Like Raynaud's, it tends to be worse in cold weather. |
f3c11d0f39ddc71e2ce72993b903edda | How can lupus cause butterfly rash? | Be on the lookout for some of these rashes that can be caused by skin lupus: Butterfly rash: Called a "malar" rash, this may spread over your nose and cheeks in the shape of a butterfly. The butterfly rash can be just a faint blush or a very severe, scaly rash. |
d0f1d77848b4c3b4ddb4f053488724b0 | How can lupus cause sores and rashes? | Some may be coin-shaped (called discoid lupus). Or you may develop red, scaly patches or a red, ring-shaped rash, especially where your skin gets sun or other UV light. The sores get worse without treatment. They usually don't itch or hurt, but they can cause scarring. If this happens on your scalp, you may get patches of permanent baldness. |
e57bf1996d213af931287de271563609 | How can lupus cause hair loss? | In some cases, your immune system may destroy hair follicles and make hair fall out for a time. New hair may sometimes grow in. A severe lupus flare can also make your hair fragile and brittle. This is most likely around the edge of your scalp. |
f6e7d81df8f2b0f1e008b1157d94a06f | Should I consider a wig during chemotherapy? | If you decide to wear one, do your shopping at the beginning of your treatment so you can match the natural color, texture, and style of your hair. |
bc0907fba9f4b0da4f0468145b4427ca | How can someone protect their hair while resting? | Wearing a soft cap or turban around your head at night can help collect loose hair as it falls out. Don't braid your hair or put it into a ponytail, since both can tug on it. A silk pillowcase will also reduce friction when you're asleep. |
86aaa3afb2e067e17ed52a8f3629b38a | What hairstyle can someone have that makes their hair look fuller and thicker? | Try a shorter style. Shorter hair doesn't lie flat against your head, so it can make your hair look thicker and fuller. ( It's also easier to manage under wigs.) If you choose to shave your head, use an electric shaver or have it done at a barbershop. Plastic razors can cut your scalp. |
e1c305a0693448ac2fa0a8a0f1663078 | Why is it important for someone to prepare their family for hair loss from chemotherapy? | Depending on their age, children may be scared or even embarrassed by your hair loss. Let them know what to expect and why your treatment is so important. The more positive you can be, the better they'll react. |
631cdc9c0adf3eb1404905ef95177896 | What are some of the best ways to take care of hair before hair loss? | Go easy on your hair. To slow down hair loss, stay away from shampoos that contain strong fragrances, alcohol, or salicylic acid. For now, don't color, perm, or chemically straighten your hair. Don't use rollers, curling irons, or straightening irons. Use a soft-bristle hairbrush, and instead of using a blow-dryer, let your hair air-dry. |
b7d18497c5827a1c775d33e6eba449d6 | How does taking care of skin affect hair loss? | Take care of your skin. As you lose your hair, your scalp may get tender or itchy. Some people even feel a tingling sensation. A moisturizing shampoo and conditioner can help, as will a gentle lotion you massage into your scalp. |
daf2bf9f4428b1ba92016949dba95620 | What is scalp cooling for chemotherapy? | Ask your doctor about âscalp cooling.â A tight cap filled with cold gel reduces hair loss for some people. The temperature narrows blood vessels underneath the scalp, limiting the amount of medicine that reaches hair follicles. |
90e99cacca9c077cc2a95b8c2c717f46 | Can I go to a support group for hair loss during chemotherapy? | It's normal to feel anxious, depressed, or self-conscious about losing your hair. And women often have a harder time with it than men. A support group can connect you with others going through the same thing. They can share your feelings and offer advice. |
8c6e67c785cf57ff5e8f39453afd8478 | Should I cut my hair if I am doing chemotherapy? | Try a shorter style. Shorter hair doesn't lie flat against your head, so it can make your hair look thicker and fuller. ( It's also easier to manage under wigs.) If you choose to shave your head, use an electric shaver or have it done at a barbershop. Plastic razors can cut your scalp. |
5797fa2056138b1003d1fe509404abd5 | How can I make hair loss from chemotherapy less intense? | Go easy on your hair. To slow down hair loss, stay away from shampoos that contain strong fragrances, alcohol, or salicylic acid. For now, don't color, perm, or chemically straighten your hair. Don't use rollers, curling irons, or straightening irons. Use a soft-bristle hairbrush, and instead of using a blow-dryer, let your hair air-dry. |
ffa3b3b848667e1b2b4703d1169140e8 | How long does it take for hair to grow back after chemotherapy? | Be patient. Most people notice their hair growing back within a few weeks to months after they've finished chemotherapy. Many times, it's a different color or texture, but this change is usually temporary. |
6ead7d5d847f96c10387555a44165a02 | How do I know if my chemotherapy will cause hair loss? | Not all drugs will affect your hair the same way. Some only cause gradual hair thinning. Others may cause your hair to fall out in clumps. Make hair loss less scary by asking your doctor what exactly will happen. |
9d9b40a4b60c6d550a982485fa37ecbd | How common is genital herpes? | As you adjust, keep in mind that it's a common condition. In the U. S., 1 in 5 women ages 14-49 and 1 in 10 men in the same age range have it. |
1f4415ea3456bb086a32f828a0c8ba0e | Do genital herpes outbreaks ever get better? | Remember that symptoms tend to calm down in time. Your first outbreak may be the worst you'll ever have. |
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