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# Montenils
**Montenils** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tnil|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Montenils.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
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# Buster Harding
**Lavere** \"**Buster**\" **Harding** (March 19, 1917 -- November 14, 1965) was a Canadian-born American jazz pianist, composer and arranger.
## Early life {#early_life}
Born to Benjamin \"Ben\" and Ada (née Shreve) Harding in North Buxton, Ontario, Harding was raised in Cleveland, Ohio, where as a teenager he started on his own band.
## Later life and career {#later_life_and_career}
In 1939, Harding went to work for the Teddy Wilson big band, and then in the early 1940s went to work for the Coleman Hawkins band, and later Cab Calloway. He became a freelance arranger and worked with Benny Goodman, Artie Shaw, Roy Eldridge, Dizzy Gillespie, and Count Basie, among others.
In 1949, he was the musical director for Billie Holiday recording sessions. In the early 1960s, Harding played with Jonah Jones, though he was known primarily as an arranger and composer. Harding did not record as a leader. He died on November 14, 1965, in New York City.
## Select discography {#select_discography}
**With Count Basie**
- *The Count!* (Clef, 1952 \[1955\]) - as arranger
- *Basie* (Clef, 1954) - as arranger
- *The Story of Jazz* (Philips Records)
- *Basie Ball* (Philips Records)
- *Sounds of Jazz* (Fontana Records)
- *One O\'Clock Jump* (Columbia Records)
**With Roy Eldridge**
- *All the Cats Join In* (MCA Records)
**With Dizzy Gillespie**
- *The Big Band Sound of Dizzy Gillespie* (Verve Records)
- *Dizzy Gillespie: Best of Small Groups* (Verve Records)
- *Dizzy and Strings* (Norgan Records, 1954) also released as *Diz Big Band* (Verve Records) - as arranger
- *Jazz Spectrum Vol. 11: Dizzy Gillespie* (Metro Records)
**With Billie Holiday**
- *Broadcast Performances, Vol. 1: Radio And TV Broadcasts (1949-52)* (ESP Disk)
- *Broadcast Performances, Vol
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# HMS Lord Melville (1813)
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{{Infobox ship image
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``
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# Mounir Soufiani
**Mounir Soufiani** (*منير صوفاني*, born 29 August 1981) is a football manager and former professional player who played as a defender. As of the 2021--22 season, he is the head coach of the reserve team of French club Bourges. Born in France, he is a former Morocco youth international
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# Kincardine O'Neil
**Kincardine O\'Neil** (*Cinn Chàrdainn*, *Kinker*) is a village in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. It is situated between the towns of Banchory and Aboyne approximately 25 miles (40 km) west of Aberdeen on the north bank of the River Dee.
## Etymology
The village was formerly known as Eaglais Iarach (Church of St Irchard/Erchard) in Scots Gaelic.
The O\'Neil suffix is likely to originate from the ancient Barony of Onele/O\'Neill which was gifted to Donnchadh IV, Earl of Fife by Robert the Bruce in 1315.
## Area history {#area_history}
Since ancient times there was a crossing of the Dee River at Kincardine O\'Neil. Locations of the Dee crossings along with alignment of ancient trackways formed a major impetus for location of early castles and settlements. In the vicinity of Kincardine O\'Neil the Middle Ages trackways to the south had a particular influence on development in and around Kincardine O\'Neil and Aboyne Castle.
Saint Irchard, a medieval bishop of the Picts, was born in Kincardine O\'Neil.
In the 19th century, the Deeside Railway bypassed the village, impeding the expansion of the settlement, unlike towns nearby. By 1895 the population of Kincardine O\'Neil exceeded 200. Most of the extant buildings were built in the 19th century.
The village was designated a conservation area in 1983 and subsequently granted \'outstanding\' status in 1995.
## Amenities
Kincardine O\'Neil is home to a number of shops and services including a traditional village store and post office. The village hall, bowling green and playing field are to the west end of the settlement. There is a curling pond behind the north side of the main street. There is a Scottish Episcopal Church and a primary school. Public toilets are maintained by the local community. The Deeside Way passes through the village
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# Lozère station
**Lozère station** is one of the four RER B station of Palaiseau, near Paris, France.
It serves the École polytechnique university through a path with approximately 300 stairs
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# Svend Lomholt
**Svend Lomholt** (18 October 1888 -- 17 July 1949) was a Danish veterinarian and dermatologist.
He published a number of journals of his works, in 1924, he published a report at The University Institute for Theoretical Physics and Pathological Institute, Municipal Hospital, in Copenhagen about the metal composition in rodents and other creatures.
## Family
He was married to Marie Kirstine Siegumfeldt until her death in 1920
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# Montereau-sur-le-Jard
**Montereau-sur-le-Jard** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tʁo syʁ lə ʒaʁ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Montereau-sur-le-Jard.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Monjarciens*
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# Montévrain
**Montévrain** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tevʁɛ̃|lang|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Montévrain.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are known as *Montévrinois*. `{{Historical populations
|source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-77307#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
|percentages = pagr
|align = none
|graph-pos = right
|1968 |1031
|1975 |1091
|1982 |1147
|1990 |1794
|1999 |3149
|2007 |5509
|2012 |9225
|2017 |11563
}}`{=mediawiki}
## Education
The commune has the following school groups (combined preschool and elementary schools): Groupe scolaire Le Verger, Groupe Scolaire Le Puits du Gué, Groupe scolaire Eugène Isabey, and Groupe scolaire Louis de Vion.
The commune is developing its own junior high school scheduled to open in fall 2018. In the meantime junior high school students are sent to either Collège du Vieux Chene in Chessy or the *collège provisoire* in Serris
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# Green iguana in captivity
The green iguana (*Iguana iguana*) is the most globally traded reptile representing 46% of the total reptile trade in the US from 1996 and 2012, with annual imports reaching 1 million in 1996. In 1995, there were over 800,000 animals were imported into the United States alone, primarily originating from captive farming operations based in their native countries (Honduras, El Salvador, Colombia, and Panama).The green iguana has also seen a surge of importation in the Greater Caribbean Region. A study done on invasive iguanas in Puerto Rico found that the sample population were mostly the product of populations originating from Columbia and El Salvador. Both countries contain several industrial-size pet iguana farming operations.
In 1998 a National Iguana Awareness Day (NIAD) was established to discourage consumers from viewing iguanas as \"disposable pets\". Despite the low cost and \"mass market\" appeal of these animals they are demanding to care for properly over the course of their lifetimes. More often than not, diet, lighting, and other housing conditions for green iguana are inadequate, causing 70% of green iguanas in captivity to die within their first year of life.
## Size
People purchase iguanas due to the small size, low price, and apparent low cost of feeding of juvenile iguanas. Though small as juveniles, iguanas can grow to 6 feet in length and weigh about 20 pounds. Green iguanas have also been noted to live up to 20 years in captivity. An iguana will not grow properly without a UVB light source. The UVB is necessary because captive iguanas do not get natural sunlight and this UVB allows the iguana to make vitamin D3. The purpose of vitamin D3 is to absorb calcium. Without being able to absorb calcium, the iguana develops Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD). Metabolic Bone Disease causes soft bones, stunted growth, permanent bone deformities, frequent broken bones, loss of limbs and ultimately, death.
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# Green iguana in captivity
## Diet
Although they will consume a wide variety of foods if offered, green iguanas are naturally herbivorous and require a precise ratio of minerals (2 to 1 calcium to phosphorus) in their diet. The best food source for the Iguana is dark green leafy greens such as collard greens, turnip greens, dandelion greens and small portions of kale, which is too high in phosphorus for everyday use. Hibiscus flowers and dandelions may also be added. The diet needs to be a greater percentage of dark greens, moderate amount of squash, and less of fruits. Some of the most accessible staple vegetables, greens, and fruit are collard greens, Turnip Greens, Kale, Parsnip, Butternut squash, Tomato, Mango, Blueberries, Watermelon, and an occasional Apple or Banana slice and Watercress as a treat. Also of concern is the oxalate to calcium ratio, and avoiding those that provide too much oxalate which is harmful. Foods high in oxalate that should not be given for an everyday diet include broccoli, carrots, snap peas, okra, sweet potato, and romaine lettuce. An Iguana should never be fed iceberg lettuce or spinach.
There is some debate as to whether captive green iguanas should be fed animal protein. Zoologists, such as Adam Britton, believe that such a diet containing protein is unhealthy for the animal\'s digestive system resulting in severe long-term health damage and death. On the other side of the argument is that Green iguanas at the Miami Seaquarium in Key Biscayne, Florida, have been observed eating dead fish and individuals kept in captivity have been known to eat mice without any ill effects. De Vosjoli also writes that some animals have been known to survive and thrive on eating nothing but whole rodent block, or monkey chow, and one instance of Romaine lettuce with vitamin and calcium supplements. However, just because an Iguana will eat certain foods it does not mean this is what\'s best for it. A protein or lettuce diet will greatly shorten the Iguana\'s life and for this reason should be avoided.
## Heat and light {#heat_and_light}
Being tropical animals, Green iguanas will thrive only in temperatures of 75 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit (24 to 32 degrees Celsius) They require a source of Ultraviolet (UVA and UVB) lighting; without proper lighting their bodies cannot develop Vitamin D, and subsequently will develop metabolic bone disease which is fatal if not treated.
## Legalities
In some locales, iguanas are considered exotic pets, and may be prohibited (New York City and Hawaii), or a special license or permit may be needed to own an iguana. Hawaii has strict regulations regarding the import and possession of Green iguanas, violators can spend three years in jail and fined up to \$200,000.
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# Green iguana in captivity
## Invasiveness
Green iguanas are considered an invasive species in South Florida and along the gulf coast of Florida from Key West to Pinellas County. Additionally, Hawaii, Texas, and Puerto Rico have labeled these animals as invasive as well. Over the years escaped and intentionally released iguanas from the pet trade survived and then thrived in their new habitat. The burrowing nature of these reptiles pose a threat to infrastructure as well as the potential to displace native species, such as the Florida Burrowing Owl and gopher tortoise. Green iguanas are known to damage residential and commercial landscape vegetation through their large appetite. In Florida, the iguanas have been known to eat the endangered tree snail as well as the host plants for the Miami Blue butterfly.
They commonly hide in the attics of houses and on beaches and destroy gardens and landscaping. As reptiles can carry salmonella and other bacteria, combined with destruction of fragile native threatened and endangered species and habitats in the unique environment of the Florida Keys, many advocate for legislation to regulate the trade in iguanas and advocate their eradication in the wild.
The Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission allows for the humane killing of green iguanas on private property. Additionally, citizens take steps to deter the iguana from damaging and entering their property through the removal of attracting plants, filling holes to eliminate burrowing, hanging wind chimes for noise deterrent, and displaying CDs to reflect potential intruders. Florida has recognized the green iguana as a prohibited species that can no longer be kept as a pet without a permit.
## Socialization and habitat {#socialization_and_habitat}
Socialization of an iguana may take several years. Iguanas have individual personalities that require some adaptation on the part of the owner. At about five to ten years, an iguana may exhibit bonding behavior similar to that of mammalian pets. Such an iguana may have a complex \"need of attachment\" to include separation anxiety.
Without frequent handling and socializing, these reptiles can become hostile to interact with. Their large tails and sharp teeth also pose a potential threat to their owners. Financial factors relating to diet and habitat needs are also difficult aspects to owning such lizards. Green iguanas require both time and commitment to raise successfully.
## As pets {#as_pets}
Green iguanas are not suitable lizards for beginners. A pet iguana habituates to humans to such a degree that humans no longer cause a fight-or-flight response. Iguanas achieve this after they have acclimated to their new habitat, as well as brief but constant interaction with their owner. Fiji banded iguanas are a better iguanid option for less-experienced pet owners because they are smaller and less aggressive; however, they still need specialist care.
Healthy pet iguanas are very observant, confident, and curious. Iguanas can be \"potty-trained\" to go outside (when it is warm), go in a specific location (as on newspaper) or in a tub of warm water (and even on the toilet). Green iguanas are diurnal and possess excellent climbing and swimming abilities
Most veterinarians do not have the training to treat an iguana, making treatment difficult to procure, expensive, or both
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# Montgé-en-Goële
**Montgé-en-Goële** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃ʒe ɑ̃ ɡɔɛl|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Montgé-en-Goële.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, `{{lit|Montgé in [[:fr:Goële|Goële]]}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *montgéens*
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# Monthyon
**Monthyon** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tjɔ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Monthyon.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department of the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Notable residents {#notable_residents}
The Belgian painter Eugène Boch lived in the Villa La Grimpette. In 1959, French actor Jean-Claude Brialy acquired a *château* in the commune; he lived there, with his partner, until he died in 2007.
## Demographics
From a population of 858 in 1975, Monthyon grew to 1,730 by 2018. The inhabitants of Monthyon are called *Monthyonnais*
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# Montigny-le-Guesdier
**Montigny-le-Guesdier** is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
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| 0 |
11,100,278 |
# European Risk Observatory
The **European Risk Observatory** is based at the European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA). It aims to provide:
- An overview of health at work in Europe
- A description of the trends and underlying factors
- A description of the risk factors
- Anticipation of changes in work and their likely consequences on health
By doing so, the Observatory intends (in particular) to draw attention to new and emerging risks and enable preventive action. These monitoring and forecasting activities are based (as much as possible) on the collection, analysis and consolidation of existing data from national and international sources such as:
- Labour Force Surveys
- Workers\' surveys
- Accident registers
- Occupational-disease registers
- Death registers
- Exposure registers
Beyond the collation of data, the Observatory also provides more qualitative information to support the identification of new and emerging risks. This information is mainly based on expert forecast and research reviews but may extend to other sources, such as information collected by control bodies. EU-OSHA is responsible for the management of the Observatory and consolidation of data. External contractors and an EU-wide network of national institutes contributing to the collection and analysis of the data support the Agency in its mission.
## Methodology
### `{{anchor|Sources of the data}}`{=mediawiki}Data sources {#data_sources}
Data collection is based on existing, available sources. All data have been collected from published and online statistical sources. Existing tables and graphics are used. Not all sources present the data in a similar way or use the same breakdown criteria, so some data are difficult to compare. Where available, efforts have been made to use raw data sources, which are treated according to the expected output. This is, for example, the case for data from the European Working Conditions Survey (with regard to European and Belgian data), the occupational diseases statistics in Belgium and the Danish Work Environment Cohort Study.
Sources are both statistical and analytical background documents. The statistical sources are a combination of administrative registers and statistics (occupational disease registers, exposure registers), surveys, voluntary reporting systems and inspection reports. A global-risk picture can thus be presented by combining different data sources
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# Le Guichet station
**Le Guichet station** (French: *Gare du Guichet*) is one of the two RER stations of Orsay, near Paris, in France. It is also the name of a district of this town.
This station is built near a bridge over Route nationale 118. It serves Orsay and a large part of the scientific organisation that can be found near by, such as the ones in the plateau de Saclay (CNRS, school of CentraleSupélec)
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# Wilbur Harden
**Wilbur Harden** (December 31, 1924 in Birmingham, Alabama -- June 10, 1969 in New York City) was an American jazz trumpeter, flugelhornist, and composer.
Harden is best remembered for his recordings with saxophonists Yusef Lateef and John Coltrane, and with trombonist Curtis Fuller. One of the earliest jazz trumpeters to double on flugelhorn, he began his career with Roy Brown and Ivory Joe Hunter, before moving to Detroit in 1957 to play with Yusef Lateef\'s quintet. His music career ended in 1960 due to health problems.
He is a 1991 inductee of the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame
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# Deceiver (Muslimgauze album)
{{+r\|date=October 2022}}`{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}`{=mediawiki} `{{no footnotes|date=March 2013}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Infobox album
| name = Deceiver
| type = Studio
| artist = [[Muslimgauze]]
| cover =Deceiver (Muslimgauze album).jpg
| alt =
| released = 30 September 1996
| recorded =
| venue =
| studio =
| genre = [[Experimental music|Experimental]], [[ethnic electronica]], [[Ambient music|ambient]]
| length = CD1 1:13:28; CD2 1:01:50
| label = [[Staalplaat]]<br /><small>MUSLIMLIM008</small>
| producer =
| prev_title = [[Uzbekistani Bizzare and Souk]]
| prev_year = 1996
| next_title = [[Arab Quarter (album)|Arab Quarter]]
| next_year = 1996
}}`{=mediawiki} `{{Album ratings
| rev1 = [[Allmusic]]
| rev1Score = {{Rating|3|5}} [{{AllMusic|class=album|id=mw0000898264|pure_url=yes}} link]
}}`{=mediawiki}
***Deceiver*** is an album by Muslimgauze released in a numbered limited edition of 800 copies as part of Staalplaat\'s subscription-only series of Muslimgauze releases.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
All tracks by Bryn Jones
### CD 1 {#cd_1}
1. \"Deceiver\" - 24:40
2. \"Palestine Is Our Islamic Land\" - 6:05
3. \"Azeri Jab\" - 4:48
4. \"A Parsee View\" - 3:24
5. \"Zenana Acidbox\" - 4:03
6. \"Herod-1\" - 3:26
7. \"Sanskrit\" - 4:02
8. \"Morsel Of Sand\" - 3:16
9. \"Yemani\" - 1:41
10. \"Khshatrapa\" - 3:06
11. \"Feztoun\" - 1:44
12. \"A Parsee View\" - 2:22
13. \"Deceiver\" - 3:56
14. \"Herod-2\" - 2:41
15. \"Palestine Is Our Islamic Land\" - 4:14
### CD 2 {#cd_2}
1. \"Zameenzad\" - 5:19
2. \"Balfour Blood\" - 4:51
3. \"Unorthodox Singh Babel\" - 2:28
4. \"Jagdish Masjid Of Light\" - 3:21
5. \"Naguib Amber Reptile\" - 2:38
6. \"Saudi\" - 4:04
7. \"Guru Of Falsehood\" - 2:52
8. \"Aquarabiq\" - 2:01
9. \"Chandraswami\" - 3:00
10. \"Sikandra An Fail\" - 4:08
11. \"Mahfouz Ala\" - 3:08
12. \"Rajputta\" - 3:06
13. \"Akbars Final Fax\" - 2:38
14. \"Jagdish Masjid Of Night\" - 3:22
15. \"Hinducash\" - 1:03
16. \"Aquarabik\" - 2:04
17. \"Free From A Veil\" - 4:57
18. \"Red Swami\" - 0:38
19
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# Orsay-Ville station
**Orsay-Ville station** (French: *Gare d\'Orsay-Ville*) is a RER B station in the town of Orsay, near Paris, in France. This is one of the stations for University of Paris-Sud
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# Brian Preston
**Brian John Preston** is the Chief Judge of the Land and Environment Court of New South Wales. He was appointed on 14 November 2005.
## Career
Brian John Preston graduated LLB from Macquarie University in 1982.
## Career {#career_1}
Preston practised as a solicitor from 1982 to 1987, and as a barrister from 1987 to 2005.
He began his career at Stephen Jaques & Stephen, in the firm\'s resources group, then became associate to Mr Justice O'Leary of the Supreme Court of the Northern Territory.
Preston was principal solicitor at the Environmental Defender\'s Office NSW from March 1985, overseeing its official opening in May that year.
He was appointed a senior counsel (SC) by the NSW Bar Association in 1999.
On 14 November 2005, Preston was appointed Chief Judge in the Land and Environment Court of New South Wales.
## Recognition and awards {#recognition_and_awards}
In 2010 Preston received an award from the Asian Environmental Compliance and Enforcement Network (AECEN) for his environmental work.
In February 2018 the Governor of New South Wales, General David Hurley, promulgated the election of Preston as a Fellow of the Royal Society of New South Wales in the *NSW Government Gazette*.
In 2018 Preston received an honorary Doctor of Letters from his alma mater Macquarie University, and in 2022 an honorary Doctor of Laws from Western Sydney University. He is also an adjunct professor at the Sydney, Southern Cross, and Western Sydney Universities.
He was awarded the Medal of Honor by the World Jurist Association in 2023.
Preston was appointed Officer of the Order of Australia in the 2025 Australia Day Honours
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# Maarten den Bakker
**Maarten Jan den Bakker** (born 26 January 1969) is a retired road bicycle racer from the Netherlands, who was a professional rider from 1990 to 2008. He won the Dutch National Road Race Championships twice and he participated in nine Tours de France, completing each of them. In 2008, Den Bakker ended his career. He also competed in the team time trial at the 1988 Summer Olympics
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| 0 |
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# Blændværk
***Blændværk*** is a 1955 Danish crime film drama directed by Johan Jacobsen. The film stars Mimi Heinrich.
## Plot
Børge Rasmussen is in love with Elvie Hansen. During a visit at doctor Kermer\'s, Børge steals a small fortune in cash. Together with Elvie, he runs off to Copenhagen. On their way there, Elvie breaks up. In Copenhagen, the saboteur Verner seeks out Børge, convincing him to go to Canada, bringing a briefcase for a friend of Verner\'s. Børges friend, Marinus, finds out that there is a bomb in the briefcase, but on his way to warn Børge, Marinus is murdered. Before dying, though, he manages to tell doctor Kermer about the bomb. Together with Elvie, Kermer now leaves for Copenhagen to save Børge.
## Cast
- Mimi Heinrich as Elvi Hansen
- Henrik Wiehe as Børge Rasmussen
- Poul Reichhardt as Labour union chairman Marinus
- Kjeld Petersen as President of the party Werner Schultz
- Poul Müller as Seaman Otto
- Asbjørn Andersen as Dr. med
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# Pennine Blue
**Pennine Blue**, later known as **First Pennine**, was a bus company serving the Tameside area of Greater Manchester, England. It was an independent bus company running services to/from Ashton-under-Lyne in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Its depot was initially based at Britannia Street in Ashton-Under-Lyne, before moving to the Globe Industrial Estate in Dukinfield, and finally to the current location on Broadway in Dukinfield where it now operates as first pioneer.
## Routes
The first route to be operated was the 348 service from Mossley, Micklehurst, via Ashton under Lyne to Denton and Haughton Green. This followed the route of the GMBuses 348 service from Haughton Green to Ashton, and the 350 service to Micklehurst. At a later date this service was further extended to Hey Farm. Further developments saw the introduction of a 351 service from Ashton to Carrbrook in Stalybridge, a 346 service from Hyde to Droylsden via the GMB 346 route to Ashton, and then the GMB 382 route to Droylsden. Journeys were also introduced on the 347 service from Ashton to Haughton Green, the 409 to Oldham and on the 42 along the Oxford Road corridor out of Manchester. In the later days of the service, Pennine Blue also operated some journeys on the famous Trans-Lancs Express 400 service, between Stockport and Ashton. Stockport was also served by the 328 service from Mossley via Denton, the 330 from Ashton and Hyde, and also a 381 service from Ashton and Denton.
## Bus fleet {#bus_fleet}
The company operated a large and varied fleet of Bristol RE single deck buses, a number of which were bought from Belfast. A couple of Leyland Nationals were also bought. Double deckers included a number of ECW bodied Bristol VRTs, at least one former GMT Standard, and a Leeds \'Jumbo\' Leyland Atlantean. A number of minibuses were also operated; under the name \'Baby Blue\' and were given the names of cartoon characters. Their first new bus was an Optare MetroRider named \'Dennis the Menace\' which arrived around the time of the takeover by PMT, appearing in Pennine Blue\'s familiar blue and cream livery, the second followed soon after and named \'Beryl the Peril\'/ Following the take over by PMT, a large number of PMT Bristol VRTs were drafted into the fleet, some of which were painted into the Pennine Blue livery, although this did not last long.
## Takeovers
The company was taken over by PMT in the mid-1990s and would adopt the PMT livery to its services, which resulted in the change of the name from Pennine Blue to Pennine, as the livery changed from blue to yellow and red. The first vehicles to appear in the red and yellow livery, with the addition of a Badgerline group Badger were two ex Bristol dual door Bristol VRTs. The company would change to First Pennine in light of the 1995 merger of GRT Group Holdings and Badgerline PLC and the formation of FirstBus. In the early 21st century, First Pennine would become part of First Greater Manchester. Although, officially the services in Tameside are First Manchester services, First had registered the services as First Pennine but are now registered to first pioneer
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# Montigny-Lencoup
**Montigny-Lencoup** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tiɲi lɑ̃ku|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Montigny-Lencoup.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
| 20 |
Montigny-Lencoup
| 0 |
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# Bures-sur-Yvette station
**Bures-sur-Yvette station** is one of the two RER B station of Bures-sur-Yvette, near Paris, in France. This station is used to access University of Paris-Sud, and Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques
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# Montigny-sur-Loing
**Montigny-sur-Loing** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tiɲi syʁ lwɛ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Montigny-sur-Loing.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Montigny on Loing*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Montigny-sur-Loing station has rail connections to Montargis, Melun and Paris.
## Population
Inhabitants are referred to as *Montignons* in French. `{{clear left}}`{=mediawiki}
## Notable residents {#notable_residents}
- Shelley Steiner (born 1961), Canadian Olympic fencer
## In literature {#in_literature}
- Andre Mariolle (the main character of Guy de Maupassant\'s novel *Our Heart*) rented a house in Montigny-sur-Loing
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# Grevillea preissii
***Grevillea preissii*** is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the southwest of Western Australia. It is a mounded to spreading or dense, erect shrub, the leaves divided with 5 to 7 linear to more or less cylindrical lobes, and groups of reddish flowers arranged along one side of the flowering rachis.
## Description
*Grevillea preissii* is a mounded to spreading shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.3 m or a dense, erect shrub to 1.2 m and usually has woolly- or shaggy-hairy branchlets. The leaves are 25--50 mm long and divided, usually with 5 to 7 linear to more or less cylindrical lobes 5--20 mm long and 0.5--1.0 mm wide. The edges of the leaves are rolled under, obscuring most of the lower surface. The flowers are arranged in groups of 12 to 30 on one side of a rachis 18--30 mm long and are red, orange-red or pinkish red, the pistil 25--28 mm long. Flowering mainly occurs from May to October and the fruit is an oval follicle about 15 mm long.
## Taxonomy
*Grevillea preissii* was first formally described in 1845 by Carl Meissner in Johann Georg Christian Lehmann\'s *Plantae Preissianae*. The specific epithet (*preissii*) honours Ludwig Preiss.
In 1994, Peter M. Olde and Neil R. Marriott described two subspecies of *G. preissii* and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:
- *Grevillea preissii* subsp. *gabrilimba* Olde & Marriott usually has shaggy-hairy young leaves and branchlets, leaves usually 14--25 mm long, the floral rachis and outside of the flowers more or less glabrous.
- *Grevillea preissii* Meisn. subsp. *preissii* usually has silky- to woolly-hairy young leaves, branchlets, and floral rachis, the leaves usually 25--50 mm long, and the outside of the flowers sparsely hairy.
## Distribution and habitat {#distribution_and_habitat}
*Grevillea preissii*subsp. *glabrilimba* grows in low heath, in near-coastal areas between Green Head and Leeman and subsp. *preissii* is found in coastal areas between Lancelin and Bunbury, in the southwest of Western Australia.
## Conservation status {#conservation_status}
Bothe subspecies of *G. preissii* are listed as \"not threatened\" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions
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# Montmachoux
**Montmachoux** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃maʃu|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Montmachoux.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
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11,100,457 |
# Montolivet
**Montolivet** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tɔlivɛ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Montolivet.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
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Montolivet
| 0 |
11,100,468 |
# Julien Cardy
**Julien Cardy** (born 29 September 1981) is a French former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Toulouse FC, FC Metz, Tours FC, AC Arles-Avignon, and En Avant de Guingamp.
## Career
Following his release by En Avant de Guingamp in summer 2016, 35-year-old Cardy had not signed for a new club by October 2016 and he expected to end his profession career
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# Lake Keomah State Park
**Lake Keomah State Park** is a state park in Mahaska County, Iowa, United States. To the park\'s immediate east is Keomah Village and the park is approximately 4 mi east of Oskaloosa. Lake Keomah State Park is a 366 acre state park that surrounds and includes Lake Keomah. Lake Keomah is an 83 acre reservoir.
## History
Lake Keomah State Park was financed by Keokuk and Mahaska counties. \"Keomah\" is a portmanteau derived from the names of the two counties \"**Keo**kuk\" and \"**Mah**aska\".
Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) Company 776 arrived in Oskaloosa on June 3, 1933 and began work on Lake Keomah. It is the first man-made lake in the State of Iowa. After the dam and spillway were completed in October 1934, they turned their attention to soil erosion control and then constructing the various facilities. Although incomplete, the park was dedicated in 1934. At the time it was a 254 acre park that grew to its current size in 1942. By May 1935 work had begun on the beach, and the first meals were served in the lodge on June 26, 1936. The CCC ended its work in the park in 1937. The original spillway was replaced in 1965.
## Historic districts {#historic_districts}
In 1990 two areas of the park were set aside as nationally recognized historic districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. They are both part of a larger study of Iowa\'s state parks called the \"Civilian Conservation Corps Properties in Iowa State Parks: 1933-1942\".
### Lake Keomah State Park, Bathhouse-Lodge Area (Area A) {#lake_keomah_state_park_bathhouse_lodge_area_area_a}
Area A contains four historic resources that includes the lodge, bathhouse, two latrines, and the road. The buildings were designed in the rustic style by the Central Design Office in Ames. They are all single story, stone structures with timber roof framing. The latrines were converted into storage facilities. A boathouse that protrudes from the base of the bathhouse was converted into a concession stand. And the bathhouse itself has been altered for a different purpose.
### Lake Keomah State Park, Erosion Control Area (Area B) {#lake_keomah_state_park_erosion_control_area_area_b}
Area B contains two check dams as its historical resources. They were built to control the flow of soil along a watershed. Each dam has an indentation in the center of its head that allows water to flow down the dam while slowing the movement of silt. They are located south of the main park road in a section of timber. The two dams are located 100 ft apart, and are about 3 ft in width and 31 ft in length at the top. They are composed of twelve tiers of rubble limestone.
## Land usage {#land_usage}
Lake Keomah State Park has several facilities open for public usage. Picnic shelters and a lodge may be reserved for use. There are also two boat ramps, numerous campsites, trails, modern showers, restrooms, and an unsupervised beach
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# Montry
**Montry** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃tʁi|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Montry.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Population
Inhabitants are called *Montéricultois* in French
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11,100,485 |
# Images of Curtis Fuller
***Images of Curtis Fuller*** is an album by jazz trombonist Curtis Fuller, released in 1960 on the Savoy label.
## Reception
AllMusic awarded the album 4 stars.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
*All compositions by Curtis Fuller*
1. \"Accident\" - 4:12
2. \"Darryl\'s Minor\" - 5:30
3. \"Be Back Ta-Reckla\" - 7:00
4. \"Judyful\" - 8:55
5. \"New Date\" - 5:00
6. \"Accident\" \[take 3\] - 4:23 Bonus track on CD reissue
7. \"Darryl\'s Minor\" \[take 2\] - 6:12 Bonus track
8
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# La Hacquinière station
**La Hacquinière stations** (`{{IPA|fr|la akinjɛʁ}}`{=mediawiki}) is one of the two RER B stations of Bures-sur-Yvette, near Paris, in France. It is also the name of a district of this town
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# Any Love (Misia song)
\"**Any Love**\" is the seventeenth single by Japanese recording artist Misia. It was released on July 4, 2007 as the first single from Misia\'s eighth studio album *Eighth World*.
## Background
\"Any Love\" is Misia\'s first release since switching record labels, from Avex back to BMG Japan. The single was released simultaneously with The Tour of Misia 2007 Ascension concert DVD and Blu-ray. The first press edition of the single comes with a bonus DVD, which includes the music video for \"Any Love\" and a special film documenting Misia\'s stay in Nairobi, Kenya, where the video and artwork for the single cover were shot.
## Composition
The A-side, \"Any Love,\" was written by Misia, while the composition and production were handled by Sinkiroh. The song was inspired by Misia\'s visit to the Kibera slum in Nairobi, Kenya. Coming from *Ascension*, which dealt with the broad themes of life and its origins, Misia wanted to write about something more familiar and close to home, namely love or everyday life. After writing lyrics that seemed too perfect and lacking a sense of reality, Misia felt at a loss and decided to take a trip to Africa, a place she had long wanted to visit. The culture and people left a deep impression on Misia which led her to rewrite \"Any Love.\"
In an interview with music site Vibe, she commented, \"(the song) was done before I left for Africa, but when I came back I realized there was more that I wanted to say, so I rewrote the lyrics and recorded it over again. In today\'s society, it\'s hard to discern between \"reality\" and \"truth\" and I wanted this song to reflect what I think makes them different.\"
When asked about the importance of the line \"Honki de aishiteku\" `{{Nihongo||本気で愛してく||"I'll love you for real"}}`{=mediawiki}, which is repeated throughout the choruses, Misia elaborated:
> When I came back to Tokyo, I was taken aback by the contrast between the world I had been living in and the world I had just visited. I didn\'t know what was real anymore. But as I got back to my friends and family and music, I realized that love is what makes it all real. It\'s what\'s needed to distinguish \"reality\" from \"truth.\" The message of the song is that when facing love, you have to take it seriously.
The B-side, \"Soba ni Ite\...,\" was also written by Misia and composed and produced by Sinkiroh. When asked about the song\'s message, Misia explained:
> (\"Soba ni Ite\...\") speaks of a message I\'ve wanted to express for a few years now. I think it\'s great that, with the Internet, cell phones, and e-mail, there are now a variety of ways for us to communicate with each other, but they\'ve somewhat become substitutes for direct interactions. The reason people feel the need to be close to each other is because, as humans, we connect with more than just our eyes or our ears, but with our entire body. We can never be entirely sastified without meeting face-to-face.
\"Soba ni Ite\...\" was used in commercials for Kose cosmetics Sekkisei, starring Nanako Matsushima.
## Chart performance {#chart_performance}
\"Any Love\" debuted on the Oricon Daily Singles chart at number 8 on July 3, 2007 and climbed to number 7 the following day. It peaked at number 8 on the Oricon Weekly Singles chart, with 13,811 copies sold in its first week. \"Any Love\" is Misia\'s first top ten single in three years, since \"Namae no Nai Sora o Miagete.\" It charted for five weeks and sold a total of 22,876 copies
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# José Zalaquett
**José** \"**Pepe**\" **Zalaquett Daher** (10 March 1942 -- 15 February 2020) was a Chilean lawyer, renowned for his work in the defence of human rights during the *de facto* regime that governed Chile under General Augusto Pinochet from 1973 to 1990.
## The coup d\'état and the Pro Paz Committee {#the_coup_détat_and_the_pro_paz_committee}
Zalaquett graduated from the law school of the University of Chile in 1967.
Following the coup d\'état of 11 September 1973, he became involved with the Comité Pro Paz, a non-governmental organization for human rights established by various Christian churches and other religious organizations on the initiative of Roman Catholic Cardinal Raúl Silva Henríquez. Serving as the director of its legal department from late 1973 until the committee was wound up in December 1975, his job was to direct and coordinate the efforts of internal and external lawyers in defending human rights. This entailed work in three broad areas:
- Serving as counsel for defendants accused by the military courts *(consejos de guerra)*.
- Filing for constitutional relief and habeas corpus remedies *(amparo)* on behalf of detainees held by the military.
- Attempting to conduct investigations into the whereabouts of detainees.
On 15 November 1975, agents of the National Intelligence Directorate (DINA) arrested Zalaquett and took him to the Tres Álamos detention centre. He was released on 30 January 1976, arrested again on 5 April, and sent into exile on 12 April. He did not return to Chile until 1986.
During his years abroad, he served as the head of the international executive committee of Amnesty International from 1979 to 1982.
## Restoration of democracy {#restoration_of_democracy}
During Chile\'s transition to democracy, Zalaquett was appointed by President Patricio Aylwin to serve on the National Truth and Reconciliation Commission, a truth commission set up in 1990 to investigate human rights violations committed by the military regime. In 1999 and 2000 he served on the dialogue panel *(mesa de diálogo)* on human rights between members of the armed forces and human rights lawyers.
From 2002 to 2005 he served as a member of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, including a stint as its president in 2004-05.
## Academic work and awards {#academic_work_and_awards}
Zalaquett taught law at the University of Chile and lectured there in international human rights law and in ethics and government. He held *Honoris Causa* doctorates in law from the University of Notre Dame and City University of New York (United States). He was a member of the Geneva-based International Commission of Jurists and member of the board of the International Centre for Transitional Justice.
Along with Cecilia Medina, a Chilean judge on the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, Zalaquett directed the Human Rights Centre at the University of Chile\'s law school.
In 1994 UNESCO awarded him that year\'s Prize for Human Rights Education.
In 2003 he was awarded Chile\'s National Prize for Humanities and Social Sciences for his \"contribution to the protection of the rights of individuals and of ethics in politics\". In August 2006, Santiago\'s Alberto Hurtado University gave him the San Alberto Hurtado Medal in recognition of his human rights work. He was patron of the Media Legal Defence Initiative.
On 12 November 2009, in a ceremony at the Palacio de la Moneda he was given \"The Notre Dame Prize\", from the University of Notre Dame, that recognizes \"the efforts of visionary leaders in Latin America to promote the welfare of the region by strengthening democracy and improving the quality of life of its citizens \".
From 2014, he conducted free online courses on Human Rights at the MOOC Chile project, from the Ford Foundation and the Universidad Diego Portales.
## Publications
- *The Human Rights Issue and The Human Rights Movement.* World Council of Churches, Geneva. (1982)
- *Derechos Humanos y Limitaciones Politicas en las Transiciones Democraticas del Conosur.* Colección Estudios Cieplan, Santiago. (1991)
- \"Moral Reconstruction in the Wake of Human Rights Violations and War Crimes\". In: *Hard Choices: Moral Dilemmas Relating to Humanitarian Intervention.* Edited by Jonathan Moore of the John F. Kennedy School of Government, University of Harvard, and sponsored by the International Committee of the Red Cross. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, USA. (1998)
- *Los Límites de la Tolerancia. Libertad de Expresion y Debate Publico en Chile.* LOM Ediciones, Santiago de Chile. (1998)
- \"Truth, Justice and Reconciliation: Lessons For The International Community\". In: *Comparative Peace Processes In Latin America*. José Zalaquett Daher. Cynthia Arnson. Woodrow Wilson Center Press/Stanford University Press, Washington, D.C. (1999)
- *[Procesos de Transición a la Democracia y Políticas de Derechos Humanos en América Latina](http://www.publicacionescdh.uchile.cl/articulos/Zalaquett/IIDH_paper_final.pdf)* (1998)
- *[La reconstrucción de la unidad nacional y el legado de violaciones de los derechos humanos.](http://www.publicacionescdh.uchile.cl/articulos/Zalaquett/Reconstr_Unidad_Nacional_Perspectivas_.pdf)* (1999)
- *[La Mesa de Diálogo sobre Derechos Humanos y el proceso de transición política en Chile.](https://web.archive.org/web/20070929094744/http://www.cepchile.cl/dms/lang_1/doc_1124.html)* (2000)
- *[\"No hay mañana sin ayer": Análisis de la propuesta del presidente Lagos sobre Derechos Humanos.](https://web.archive.org/web/20070322133043/http://www.cepchile.cl/dms/lang_1/doc_3227.html)* (2003)
- *[Transparencia, rendición de cuentas y lucha contra la corrupción en América 2004.](http://www.publicacionescdh.uchile.cl/Libros/documentos/informe
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# Gif-sur-Yvette station
**Gif-sur-Yvette station** (*Gare de Gif-sur-Yvette*) is an RER B station in Gif-sur-Yvette, near Paris, France. It is one of two stations in Gif-sur-Yvette, the other is Courcelle-sur-Yvette.
Freight traffic through Gif-sur-Yvette ended in 1972. An underpass was built in 1977 to connect the two platforms.
In 2008/2009, an elevator was constructed to allow disabled access
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# Someday, Someday
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``
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# 1999 Istanbul summit
The **1999 Istanbul Summit** was the 6th Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) summit and was held in Istanbul, Turkey from November 18 until November 19, resulting in the adoption of the Istanbul Summit Declaration and the signing of the Charter for European Security. Also in Istanbul, 30 OSCE states signed the Agreement on the Adapted Conventional Armed Forces in Europe Treaty, which amended the 1990 Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe to reflect the changes since the end of the Cold War. There was a verbal clash between Russia and the West concerning NATO intervention in the Kosovo Conflict and the beginning of the Second Chechen War.
The Transnistria conflict, the Abkhaz--Georgian conflict and the Georgian--Ossetian conflict were also discussed.
## Russian forces in Moldova {#russian_forces_in_moldova}
Russia agreed to withdraw its 14th Army from Moldovan territory in an agreement signed 21 October 1994 and acknowledged in the December Budapest declaration of the Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe. The OSCE expressed concern over the lack of progress in its 1996 Lisbon Document. At the 1999 OSCE summit, Russia again promised to withdraw its forces from Moldova (and from Georgia), this time with a firm commitment to a deadline of 31 December 2002 written into the summit documents. This did not happen
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# Rescue Agreement
The **Agreement on the Rescue of Astronauts, the Return of Astronauts and the Return of Objects Launched into Outer Space**, also referred to as the **Rescue Agreement** is an international agreement setting forth rights and obligations of states concerning the rescue of persons in space. The Agreement was created by a 19 December 1967 consensus vote in the United Nations General Assembly (Resolution 2345 (XXII)). It came into force on 3 December 1968. Its provisions elaborate on the rescue provisions in Article V of the 1967 Outer Space Treaty. Despite containing more specificity and detail than the rescue provision in Article V of the Outer Space Treaty, the Rescue Agreement still suffers from vague drafting and the possibility of differing interpretation.
## History
The UN General Assembly adopted the text of the Rescue Agreement on 19 December 1967 through Resolution 2345 (XXII). The Agreement opened for signature on 22 April 1968, and it entered into force on 3 December 1968. As of January 2022, 98 States have ratified the Rescue Agreement, 23 have signed, and three international intergovernmental organizations (the European Space Agency, the Intersputnik International Organization of Space Communications, and the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) have declared their acceptance of the rights and obligations conferred by the agreement.
## Basic provisions {#basic_provisions}
The Rescue Agreement requires that any state party that becomes aware that the personnel of a spacecraft are in distress must notify the launching authority and the Secretary General of the United Nations.
The Rescue Agreement essentially provides that any state that is a party to the agreement must provide all possible assistance to rescue the personnel of a spacecraft who have landed within that state\'s territory, whether because of an accident, distress, emergency, or unintended landing. If the distress occurs in an area that is beyond the territory of any nation, then any state party that is in a position to do so shall, if necessary, extend assistance in the search and rescue operation.
## Key changes since the Outer Space Treaty {#key_changes_since_the_outer_space_treaty}
### Parties entitled to be rescued {#parties_entitled_to_be_rescued}
The Outer Space Treaty of 1967 states simply that astronauts are to be rendered all possible assistance by state parties to the treaty. The Outer Space Treaty does not provide a definition for the term \"astronaut\", and as a result it is unclear whether this provision applies to, for example, a space tourist---a person who clearly has not received the training of a traditional astronaut.
The Rescue Agreement adds some clarity to the issue by referring to the \"personnel of a spacecraft\" rather than \"astronauts\". However, this phrase again leaves uncertain whether someone simply along for the ride---such as a tourist on a Virgin Galactic flight---would be considered part of the \"personnel of a spacecraft\".
### Compensation for recovery of a space object {#compensation_for_recovery_of_a_space_object}
In the event that a space object or its parts land in the territory of another state party, the state where the object lands is required (upon the request of the launching authority) to recover the space object and return it to the launching authority. The Rescue Agreement provides that the launching state must then compensate the state for the costs incurred in recovering and returning the space object.
## Rescue in space {#rescue_in_space}
At the time the treaty was drafted, the prospect of rescuing travelers in space was unlikely, due to the limited launch capabilities of even the most advanced space programs, but it has since become more plausible. For example, Mir and later the International Space Station have each maintained docked Russian Soyuz spacecraft to be used as an escape mechanism in the event of an in-orbit emergency; in certain scenarios this vessel might also be able to assist in a rescue.
A significant shift in attitudes toward in-orbit rescues came as a result of the Space Shuttle *Columbia* disaster, after which NASA took steps to prepare the STS-3xx or *Launch on Need* missions to provide for rescue in certain scenarios. However, this capability was never exercised during the remainder of the Space Shuttle program.
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# Rescue Agreement
## Criticism
The Rescue Agreement has been criticised for being vague, especially regarding the definition of who is entitled to be rescued and the definition of what constitutes a spacecraft and its component parts.
The cost burden of a rescue mission is also not addressed in the agreement. The Rescue Agreement does provide that the launching state must bear the costs for the recovery of a craft that crashes into another state\'s territory. However, the agreement makes no mention of the cost of the rescue of astronauts
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# Rolf Järmann
**Rolf Järmann** (born 31 January 1966) is a retired road bicycle racer from Switzerland, who was a professional rider from 1988 to 1999. He twice won the Amstel Gold Race (1993 and 1998) during his career. He was the Swiss National Road Race champion in 1990. He won the Tour de Pologne in 1997. He won a stage in the 1989 Giro d\'Italia, the 1992 Tour de France and also won the 1998 Tirreno-Adriatico.
According to a Cyclingnews.com report, in his book *Doping, Spitzensport als gesellschaftliches Problem* (Doping, Top Sport as a Social Problem), Järmann admits to using EPO
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# Mormant
**Mormant** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔʁmɑ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Mormant.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne departement in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. Mormant station has rail connections to Provins, Longueville and Paris.
## Demographics
The inhabitants are called *Mormantais* in French. `{{Historical populations
|source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee
| 44 |
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| 0 |
11,100,598 |
# Mortcerf
**Mortcerf** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔʁsɛʁf|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Mortcerf.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Moressartois*
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| 0 |
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# Ghoramara Island
**Ghoramara Island** is an island 92 km south of Kolkata, India in the Sundarban Delta complex of the Bay of Bengal. The island is small, roughly five square kilometers in area, and is quickly disappearing due to erosion and sea level rise.`{{Infobox islands
| name =
| map = India West Bengal
| location = [[Bay of Bengal]]
| archipelago = [[Sundarbans]]
| country = India
| country_admin_divisions_title = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| country_admin_divisions = [[West Bengal]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = [[Districts of West Bengal|District]]
| country_admin_divisions_1 = [[South 24 Parganas]]
| population = 0
}}`{=mediawiki}
## Shrinking of island {#shrinking_of_island}
The island has been said to be shrinking. A 2007 study by Jadavpur University concluded that roughly 31 sqmi of the Sundarbans had disappeared during the preceding 30 years, and that Ghoramara had shrunk to less than 5 sqmi, about half its size in 1969: this loss of land had caused the displacement of more than 600 families.
## Population
Ghoramara island once had a population of 40,000. The 2001 Government of India census showed a population of 5,000 on Ghoramara; this population is believed to have shrunk as families are displaced by the island\'s sinking and many families are migrating in search of better livelihood. As of 2016 the island has 3,000 residents
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| 0 |
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# Mortery
**Mortery** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔʁtəʁi|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Mortery.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Morterois*
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| 0 |
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# Inzing
**Inzing** is a town in the Austrian Federal State of Tyrol.
## Geography
### Location
Inzing is located in the Inntal between Innsbruck in east and Telfs in west. It lies on the southern bank of the Inn River. In the south of the town you see the Rangger Köpfl, in the north the Zirler Berg.
### Neighbour municipalities {#neighbour_municipalities}
Flaurling, Gries im Sellrain, Hatting, Oberperfuss, Pettnau, Ranggen, Sankt Sigmund im Sellrain, Sellrain, Zirl.
## History
Inzing was first mentioned in a document in 1034. The district Hatting was attached 1974 to Inzing and 1993 as an own commune reconstituted.
## Population
## Economy
The industrial district, which is located at the east of the village, includes timber processing
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| 0 |
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# Courcelle-sur-Yvette station
**Courcelle-sur-Yvette station** is a RER B station of Gif-sur-Yvette, near Paris, France. It\'s also the name of a district of this town.
An underpass was built in 1983 to connect the two sides of the way.
## Connections
- Noctilien: N122
- SAVAC (bus) : 39
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# Mouroux
**Mouroux** (`{{IPA|fr|muʁu|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Mouroux.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
The inhabitants are called *Mourousiens* in French. `{{Historical populations
|source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee
| 34 |
Mouroux
| 0 |
11,100,674 |
# 2007 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
The **2007 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship** is an annual competition between the top hurling clubs in Tipperary. The winners of the Tipperary Championship qualify to represent their county in the Munster Club Championship, the winners of which go on to the All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship.
The Tipperary County Champions in 2006 were Toomevara who became champions with a win over Nenagh Éire Óg. The Tipperary senior hurling championship is probably the most complicated system in Ireland as it strives to accommodate 25 teams. A knockout divisional system and group backdoor system has been introduced to accommodate these teams. Before the new system, the county championship was run on a divisional basis with the teams in the divisional finals going into the county quarter-finals and proceeding from there. It may not be long before this system is re-introduced because of the complexity of the current championship.
## 2007 Divisional Championship {#divisional_championship}
### North Tipperary {#north_tipperary}
The North Tipperary Championship is contested by nine teams: Borris-Ileigh, Burgess, Kildangan, Kilruane McDonaghs, Moneygall, Nenagh Éire Óg, Portroe, Roscrea, Toomevara. The championship is a knockout competition with the losers apart from the semi-final runner-up entering the County Championship. The winners of the North Championship advance to the quarter-final of the County Championship.
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Game | Date | Venue | Team A | Score | Team B | Score | Report |
+=======================+=============+==============+==================+========+======================+========+==========================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================================+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 7 May | Nenagh | Kildangan | 3-12 | Kilruane McDonaghs | 3-10 | [1](http://www.unison.ie/nenagh_guardian/stories.php3?ca=37&si=1827717&issue_id=15610) `{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303191254/http://www.unison.ie/nenagh_guardian/stories.php3?ca=37&si=1827717&issue_id=15610 |date=3 March 2016 }}`{=mediawiki} |
| **Preliminary round** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 19 May | Cloughjordan | Nenagh Eire Óg | 2-21 | Roscrea | 2-14 | [2](http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/Sport/Other_Sports/classy-tucker-inspires-nenagh-to-comfortable-win-686289.html)`{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}`{=mediawiki} |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 20 May | Nenagh | Kildangan | 1-14 | Moneygall | 1-12 | [3](https://web.archive.org/web/20070604162712/http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/Sport/Other_Sports/slattery-the-hero-as-kildangan-snatch-win-in-injury-time-686316.html) |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 20 May | Nenagh | Toomevara | 3-13 | Portroe | 2-10 | [4](https://web.archive.org/web/20070604162627/http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/Sport/Other_Sports/below-par-toome-still-too-good-for-brave-portroe-686282.html) |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 20 May | Dolla | Borris-Ileigh | 0-14 | Burgess | 0-11 | [5](http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/Sport/Other_Sports/borrisileigh-hold-on-after-dour-affair-686290.html)`{{Dead link|date=September 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}`{=mediawiki} |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 19 August | Nenagh | Nenagh Eire Óg | 3-10 | Kildangan | 2-10 | |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 19 August | Nenagh | Toomevara | 1-15 | Borris-Ileigh | 1-20 | |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 9 September | Nenagh | Borris-Ileigh | 0-19 | Nenagh Eire Óg | 0-16 | |
| **Final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+-------------+--------------+------------------+--------+----------------------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
### Mid Tipperary {#mid_tipperary}
The Mid Tipperary Championship is contested by seven teams: Boherlahan-Dualla, Drom-Inch, Holycross-Ballycahill, J.K. Bracken\'s, Loughmore-Castleiney, Thurles Sarsfields and Upperchurch-Drombane. The championship is a knockout competition with the losers apart from the one semi final runner-up (Upperchurch-Drombane in 2006) entering the County Championship. The winners of the Mid Championship advance to the county quarter final. Upperchurch-Drombane receive a bye to the semi-final.
+----------------------+-------------+----------------+------------------------+--------+-------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Game | Date | Venue | Team A | Score | Team B | Score | Report |
+======================+=============+================+========================+========+=========================+========+=================================================================================================================================================+
| Mid Tipperary SHC\ | 6 May | Semple Stadium | Loughmore-Castleiney | 1-20 | Boherlahan-Dualla | 1-13 | [6](https://web.archive.org/web/20070926224800/http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgi?rm=viewListing&plugin_data_id=22416&site_id=185) |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-------------+----------------+------------------------+--------+-------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Mid Tipperary SHC\ | 6 May | Boherlahan | Thurles Sarsfields | 1-21 | Holycross-Ballycahill | 2-11 | [7](https://web.archive.org/web/20070926225152/http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgi?rm=viewListing&plugin_data_id=22419&site_id=185) |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-------------+----------------+------------------------+--------+-------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Mid Tipperary SHC\ | 13 May | Holycross | Drom-Inch | 1-10 | J.K. Bracken\'s | 2-14 | [8](https://web.archive.org/web/20070926231416/http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgi?rm=viewListing;plugin_data_id=22813;site_id=185) |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-------------+----------------+------------------------+--------+-------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Mid Tipperary SHC\ | 20 May | The Ragg | Thurles Sarsfields | 1-19 | Upperchurch-Drombane | 1-14 | [9](https://web.archive.org/web/20070928202233/http://www.tipperarytoday.net/ViewArticle2.aspx?SectionID=3551&ArticleID=2898855) |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-------------+----------------+------------------------+--------+-------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| North Tipperary SHC\ | 19 August | The Ragg | Loughmore-Castleiney | 4-10 | J.K. Bracken\'s | 2-14 | |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-------------+----------------+------------------------+--------+-------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Mid Tipperary SHC\ | 9 September | Semple Stadium | Thurles Sarsfields | 0-22 | Loughmore-Castleiney | 3-09 | |
| **Final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-------------+----------------+------------------------+--------+-------------------------+--------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
### West Tipperary {#west_tipperary}
The West Tipperary Championship is contested by five teams: Cappawhite, Cashel King Cormacs, Clonoulty-Rossmore, Éire Óg Annacarty and Knockavilla-Donaskeigh Kickhams. The championship is a knockout competition with the winners advancing to the quarter-final of the County Championship. The other four contestants also play in the first phase of the County Championship (group stage).
+-----------------------+----------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Game | Date | Venue | Team A | Score | Team B | Score | Report |
+=======================+==========+============+===================================+========+===================================+========+=============================================================================================================================================================================================+
| West Tipperary SHC\ | 29 April | Dundrum | Clonoulty-Rossmore | 1-17 | Cappawhite | 0-16 | [10](https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235021/http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgi?rm=viewListing&plugin_data_id=22049&site_id=185) |
| **Quarter-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+----------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| West Tipperary SHC\ | 13 May | Cappawhite | Clonoulty-Rossmore | 1-15 | Éire Óg Annacarty | 2-12 | [11](https://web.archive.org/web/20070926235624/http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgi?rm=viewListing;plugin_data_id=22814;site_id=185) |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+----------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| West Tipperary SHC\ | 26 May | Dundrum | Clonoulty-Rossmore | 1-14 | Éire Óg Annacarty | 1-7 | |
| **Semi-final Replay** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+----------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| West Tipperary SHC\ | 27 May | Golden | Knockavilla-Donaskeigh Kickhams | 0-10 | Cashel King Cormacs | 0-10 | |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+----------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| West Tipperary SHC\ | 30 May | Golden | Knockavilla-Donaskeigh Kickhams | 3-11 | Cashel King Cormacs | 3-8 | |
| **Semi-final Replay** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+----------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| West Tipperary SHC\ | 15 July | Cashel | Clonoulty-Rossmore | 1-18 | Knockavilla-Donaskeigh Kickhams | 0-11 | [12](http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgirm=viewListing;plugin_data_id=25759;site_id=185)`{{Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}`{=mediawiki} |
| **Final** | | | | | | | |
+-----------------------+----------+------------+-----------------------------------+--------+-----------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 1,061 |
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| 0 |
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# 2007 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
## 2007 Divisional Championship {#divisional_championship}
### South Tipperary {#south_tipperary}
The South Tipperary Championship is contested by four teams: Ballingarry, Carrick Swans, Killenaule and Mullinahone. The championship is a \'knockout\' competition. However, the three semi-finalists losers going into the County Championship. The winners of the South Championship advance directly to the quarter-final of the County championship, while the other three divisional semi-finalists also play in the first phase of the County Championship (group stage).
+----------------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Game | Date | Venue | Team A | Score | Team B | Score | Report |
+======================+===========+=========+===============+========+=================+========+=============================================================================================================================================================================================+
| South Tipperary SHC\ | 20 May | Clonmel | Ballingarry | 0-20 | Carrick Swans | 1-13 | |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| South Tipperary SHC\ | 20 May | Clonmel | Mullinahone | 0-10 | Killenaule | 2-12 | |
| **Semi-final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| South Tipperary SHC\ | 19 August | Fethard | Killenaule | 0-14 | Ballingarry | 0-13 | [13](http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgirm=viewListing;plugin_data_id=26623;site_id=185)`{{Dead link|date=April 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}`{=mediawiki} |
| **Final** | | | | | | | |
+----------------------+-----------+---------+---------------+--------+-----------------+--------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 197 |
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| 1 |
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# 2007 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
## 2007 Tipperary County Championship {#tipperary_county_championship}
The 14 teams defeated in their divisional championship are divided into groups of 4.Top Team in each group go into Round 2. Group 2 winners receive a Bye (Drawn).Other 3 play remaining 3 beaten Semi-finalists in North and Mid.ie. Loughmore-Castleiney v J.K. Bracken\'s, Nenagh Éire Óg v Kildangan and Toomevara v Borris-Ileigh. Bottom team in each Group contest Relegation play-off.
### Group 1 {#group_1}
Date Venue Team A Score Team B Score Report
----------- ---------------- ------------------------- -------- ------------------------- -------- --------
1 July Templederry Burgess 2-16 Holycross-Ballycahill 0-12
4 August Semple Stadium Burgess 1-11 Carrick Swans 1-11
18 August Clonmel Holycross-Ballycahill 1-10 Carrick Swans 1-9
Team P W D L F A Pts. Score Dif.
----------------------- --- --- --- --- ------ ------ ------ ------------
Burgess 2 1 1 0 3-27 1-23 3 +10
Holycross-Ballycahill 2 1 0 1 1-22 3-25 2 -9
Carrick Swans 2 0 1 1 2-20 2-21 1 -1
### Group 2 {#group_2}
Date Venue Team A Score Team B Score Report
----------- ------------ ---------------------- -------- ---------------------- -------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16 June Templemore Portroe 3-13 Cappawhite 1-18 [14](http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/sport/other-sports/fortune-shines-on-portroe-who-record-late-win-1044496.html) `{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928144348/http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/sport/other-sports/fortune-shines-on-portroe-who-record-late-win-1044496.html |date=28 September 2007 }}`{=mediawiki}
30 June Dolla Cappawhite 0-16 Kilruane McDonaghs 1-10
15 July Nenagh Kilruane McDonaghs 2-13 Portroe 1-13
3 August Boherlahan Drom-Inch 1-19 Cappawhite 1-13
18 August Dolla Drom-Inch 2-22 Kilruane McDonaghs 1-14
24 August Dolla Drom-Inch Portroe
Team P W D L F A Pts. Score Dif.
-------------------- --- --- --- --- ------ ------ ------ ------------
Drom-Inch 2 2 0 0 3-41 2-27 4 +17
Portroe 2 1 0 1 4-26 3-31 2 -2
Cappawhite 3 1 0 2 2-47 5-42 2 -4
Kilruane McDonaghs 3 1 0 2 4-37 3-51 2 -11
### Group 3 {#group_3}
Date Venue Team A Score Team B Score Report
----------- ------------ --------------------- -------- ------------- -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
16 June Templemore Boherlahan-Dualla 2-13 Moneygall 3-7 [15](http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/sport/other-sports/defeat-leaves-moneygall-in-perilous-state-1044493.html) `{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928144338/http://www.nenaghguardian.ie/sport/other-sports/defeat-leaves-moneygall-in-perilous-state-1044493.html |date=28 September 2007 }}`{=mediawiki}
4 August Templemore Boherlahan-Dualla 2-10 Roscrea 0-16
18 August Templemore Roscrea 1-17 Moneygall 0-13
Team P W D L F A Pts. Score Dif.
------------------- --- --- --- --- ------ ------ ------ ------------
Roscrea 2 1 1 0 1-33 2-23 1 +7
Boherlahan-Dualla 2 1 1 0 4-23 3-23 3 +3
Moneygall 1 0 0 1 3-20 3-30 0 -10
### Group 4 {#group_4}
Date Venue Team A Score Team B Score Report
----------- ---------------- ------------------------ -------- ------------------------ -------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 July Dundrum Upperchurch-Drombane 2-13 Éire Óg Annacarty 3-17 [16](https://web.archive.org/web/20080723134501/http://tipperary.gaa.ie/cgi-bin/newsdisplay.cgi?rm=viewListing&plugin_data_id=25182&site_id=185)
4 August Semple Stadium Mullinahone 3-10 Éire Óg Annacarty 1-10
4 August Holycross Upperchurch-Drombane 2-12 Cashel King Cormacs 1-11
15 August Cashel Mullinahone 3-19 Upperchurch-Drombane 0-14
15 August Golden Éire Óg Annacarty 0-14 Cashel King Cormacs 2-13
19 August Monroe Mullinahone 5-15 Cashel King Cormacs 2-12
Team P W D L F A Pts. Score Dif
| 467 |
2007 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
| 2 |
11,100,677 |
# Oberperfuss
**Oberperfuss** is a municipality in the district of Innsbruck-Land in the Austrian state of Tyrol located about 15 km west of Innsbruck at the entrance of the Sellrain Valley. It was mentioned in documents around 1083 for the first time.
## Population
## Geography
Oberperfuss is located in the Inn Valley about 15 km west of Innsbruck, on a low mountain terrace opposite Grinzens, at the entrance to the Sellrain Valley.
## History
The name Oberperfuss was first mentioned as *Oberenperues* in a 1083 deed, when Norbert, Bishop of Chur, donated land to the Bavarian Habach convent. According to the Inn valley tax book of 1312, about 300 inhabitants from the farming class lived in Oberperfuss at that time, plus craftsmen and wage laborers. Around the year 1600 there were probably already about 800 inhabitants. According to the last census in 2001, 2712 people lived in the community. The majority of the inhabitants commute, especially to the provincial capital Innsbruck
| 162 |
Oberperfuss
| 0 |
11,100,681 |
# Space Liability Convention
The **Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects**, also known as the **Space Liability Convention**, is a treaty from 1972 that expands on the liability rules created in the Outer Space Treaty of 1967. In 1978, the crash of the nuclear-powered Soviet satellite Kosmos 954 in Canadian territory led to the only claim filed under the convention.
## Status
The Liability Convention was concluded and opened for signature on 29 March 1972. It entered into force on 1 September 1972. As of 1 January 2021, 98 States have ratified the Liability Convention, 19 have signed but not ratified and four international intergovernmental organizations (the European Space Agency, the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites, the Intersputnik International Organization of Space Communications, and the European Telecommunications Satellite Organization) have declared their acceptance of the rights and obligations provided for in the Agreement.
## Key provisions {#key_provisions}
States (countries) bear international responsibility for all space objects that are launched within their territory. This means that regardless of who launches the space object, if it was launched from State A\'s territory, or from State A\'s facility, or if State A caused the launch to happen, then State A is fully liable for damages that result from that space object.
### Joint launches {#joint_launches}
If two states work together to launch a space object, then both of those states are jointly and severally liable for the damage that object causes. This means that the injured party can sue either of the two states for the full amount of damage.
### Claims between states only {#claims_between_states_only}
Claims under the Liability Convention must be brought by the state against a state. The convention was created to supplement existing and future national laws providing compensation to parties injured by space activities. Whereas under most national legal systems an individual or a corporation may bring a lawsuit against another individual or another corporation, under the Liability Convention claims must be brought on the state level only. This means that if an individual is injured by a space object and wishes to seek compensation under the Liability Convention, the individual must arrange for his or her country to make a claim against the country that launched the space object that caused the damage
| 383 |
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| 0 |
11,100,718 |
# Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse station
**Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse station** is a railway station in Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse, a southern suburb of Paris.
## The station {#the_station}
The station opened on 26 August 1867 and is on the Ligne de Sceaux and has been an RER station since 9 December 1977. The station is served by RER Line B services operated by RATP
| 56 |
Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse station
| 0 |
11,100,726 |
# Protocol converter
In computer networking, a **protocol converter** is a device used to convert standard or proprietary protocol of one device to the protocol suitable for the other device or tools to achieve the desired interoperability. Protocols are software installed on the routers, which convert the data formats, data rate and protocols of one network into the protocols of the network in which data is navigating. There are varieties of protocols used in different fields like power generation, transmission and distribution, oil and gas, automation, utilities, and remote monitoring applications. The major protocol translation messages involve conversion of data messages, events, commands, and time synchronization.
## General architecture {#general_architecture}
The general architecture of a protocol converter includes an internal master protocol communicating to the external slave devices and the data collected is used to update the internal database of the converter. When the external master requests for data, the internal slave collects data from the database and sends it to the external master. There will be different schemes for handling the spontaneous reporting of events and commands. There can be different physical medium for communication on protocol-X & Y, which include RS-232, RS-485, Ethernet, etc.
## Applications of protocol converters {#applications_of_protocol_converters}
Protocol Converter applications vary from industry to industry. The protocol converter can be a software converter, hardware converter, or an integrated converter depending on the protocols.
- Some of the key applications are:
- Substation automation
- Building automation
- Process automation
The major protocols used in each area of application are listed under List of automation protocols.
## Latency and engineering issues in using protocol converters {#latency_and_engineering_issues_in_using_protocol_converters}
Protocol Converters are generally used for transforming data and commands from one device or application to another. This necessarily involves transformation of data, commands, their representation, encoding and framing to achieve the conversion.
There are simple and complex types of conversions depending on the application and domain in which this is being used. The simplest and most commonly used conversion is protocol conversion between Modbus RTU and Modbus TCP. In this conversion, there is no change in the overall framing. Hence it is easy to take the Serial Modbus RTU frame and encapsulate it in a TCP/UDP socket and send it over Ethernet. Since both the protocol framings are the same, except for the actual physical layer transmission, both the application layers will interpret data similarly as long as the communication interfaces are made transparent.
However, there do exist very complex conversions, for example: where the data is formatted, the data types supported, the object models, etc. They are so different that the conversion engine needs to make modifications not only in framing, but in mapping information for each type of data, command, and in some cases, the object models. Also, there might be user configurations required in defining the mapping of supported and non-supported data types
These transformations, however, bring about conversion advantages, communication delay, processing latency, and an overall end to end processing time which is finite and needs to be considered in all solution designs.
The latency of end-to-end communication depends on the processing delay of the hardware and/or software being used, the protocol & conversion complexity, and the solution architecture. These latencies can vary for typical industrial and energy automation applications from 10 to 20 milliseconds to as high as 1 second. Solution architectures using protocol converters need to consider this latency and how it will impact the project for which converters are being considered.
Also, the majority of such architectures would involve configuration and mapping which both require considerable engineering effort and engineering time. These need to be considered while defining project schedules
| 608 |
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| 0 |
11,100,733 |
# Rosa 'La France'
***Rosa* \'La France**\' is a pink rose cultivar found in France in 1867 by the rosarian Jean-Baptiste André Guillot (1827--1893). It is generally accepted to be the first hybrid tea rose (recognised as a class in the 1880s). Its introduction is therefore also considered the birth of the modern rose. As the cultivar was not systematically bred, its hybrid parentage can only be speculated, but \'Madame Falcot\' is considered as a possible parent.
\'La France\' has globular double flowers with slightly rolled outer petals and a strong sweet damask fragrance. The bloom form is high centered with up to 60 petals, that appear messy when fully opened. The flowers develop from long pointed buds and reach an average diameter of 9 cm (3.5 in). Their colour is a light silvery pink, while the reverse is deeper pink with lilac reflexes. The flowers appear solitary or in small clusters on long stems in flushes throughout the season. As the stems are a bit feeble, the flower heads tend to nod.
The plant grows vigorously to about 120 to in height and 90 cm in width. As the mid green foliage is susceptible to fungi, the cultivar grows better in dry and warm climates or glass houses
| 209 |
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| 0 |
11,100,765 |
# Rodney Aller
**Rodney Goddard Aller** (October 24, 1916 -- March 21, 2005) was an American lawyer, naval officer and masters skier.
He won several medals in masters skiing, including four gold medals in World Championship Masters Skiing in 2002 in Abetone, Italy. He died of pneumonia in 2005.
Aller graduated from Princeton University in 1938, earned a law degree from Yale Law School and served in the United States Navy during World War II
| 75 |
Rodney Aller
| 0 |
11,100,773 |
# Sutton-on-Trent
**Sutton-on-Trent** is a large village and civil parish in Nottinghamshire, situated on the Great North Road, and on the west bank of the River Trent.
The village contains 2,651 acre of land and according to the 2001 census it had a population of 1,327, increasing marginally to 1,331 at the 2011 census, and more substantially to 1,417 at the 2021 census.
It is located 8 mi north of Newark-on-Trent, which takes approximately 20 minutes to reach by car, and 10 mi miles south of Retford, which takes approximately 22 minutes to reach by car.
Sutton Mill was a stone-built tower windmill, built in 1825. It was owned by the Bingham family of Grassthorpe from the 1860s until 1984. The four-storey tower has been converted to a house.
Sir Godfrey Hounsfield was born in Sutton-on-Trent on 28 August 1919, he went on to share the 1979 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Allan MacLeod Cormack for his part in developing the diagnostic technique of X-ray computed tomography (CT). The doctors Surgery on Hounsfield Way is named for him. He is buried in the cemetery on Ingram lane.
## History
thumb\|upright=1.2\|Vine House right\|thumb\|upright=1.2\|All Saints\' ChurchDredging of the river has revealed fossilized mammoth\'s teeth and tusks, Roman and Anglo Saxon pottery.
The town is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, and a Norman church was built in the 13th century.
Oliver Sutton, Bishop of Lincoln from 1280 to 1299, was from the Sutton branch of the influential Lexington family on his mother\'s side. He was an unusually popular bishop and officiated at the funeral of Queen Eleanor in 1290.
In May 1686 the manor and lordship of Sutton-on-Trent were sold to Richard Levett, later Lord Mayor of London, and his wife Mary.
In Far Holme Lane can be found the Old Manse and the Old Chapel - these are the remnants of the small Particular Baptist church that existed here from 1822 to the 1900s. Although some Baptist historical writing suggests that the church was founded by Alexander Jamieson with the support of the wealthy Haldane brothers of Glasgow in the period 1800--1810, there is fairly convincing evidence that it was actually \'planted\' by the Collingham Baptist congregation under William Nichols. George Pope may then have become its own minister - before himself moving to Collingham. Nichols was active in the village as early as 1809. Nichols wrote an obituary of a Sutton woman in the Baptist Magazine, volume 7, 1815, which provides one of the few accounts of the life of an ordinary Sutton-on-Trent woman that we have and so is worth repeating verbatim:
> JANE RICHARDSON of Sutton on Trent, near Newark, who died January 23d, 1815, aged 81 years.
>
> On our first going to Sutton, to preach the gospel, in 1809, this old disciple was made known to us. She then expressed to me the joy and pleasure it afforded her that the gospel was brought to that wicked village ---\" Here I have been, like a poor speckled bird, ever since I came to it, shut out from hearing the word, which I had enjoyed in my former situation, though I had then to walk five miles on the Lord\'s day, and often to wade to the knees in water, but I found the word sweet to my soul, which made amends for all my trouble of getting to the house of God. O! how I have lamented the loss of those means of grace; but I hope that Lord has not left me; and now I pray that the preaching here may be blessed to my soul, and to my neighbours, who are dead in trespasses and sins, though they know it not.\"
>
> When she understood we were of the Baptist denomination, she said, \"I wish they were not, for I cannot see any necessity for our being dipped, besides, if it should be the right way l am too old now. She, however, began to read the New Testament with a spirit of inquiry, and while thus engaged, she found that Jesus was baptized- That he ordered his apostles to baptize as well as preach, and that this was to be extended to by all succeeding ministers, to the end of the world. One morning, after having been reading thus, she hastened to a neighbour, with her bible in her hand, to whom she said, \" Well, neighbour, I believe Baptism is right, and if it please the Lord to give me strength, I will be baptized, old as I am.\" Her neighbour replied ---\" I don\'t believe it, I won\'t believe it, nor would I have you trouble your head about it ---I don\'t like this baptism, for my part.\"---\' Well, neighbour, but if Jesus Christ has commanded us to follow his example, saying, thus it becometh us to fulfil all righteousness,\" as you see it is here in the third chapter of Matthew, and the fifteenth verse ---I think we ought. I shall, therefore, offer myself for baptism, if it please the Lord to spare me.\" This she did in the spirit of love to her Lord and Saviour without delay---On the 7th of April, 1811, the day appointed for her to relate her Christian experience to the church, at Collingham, previous to her being baptized, she rose early in the morning to walk thither, a distance of three miles. Her aged husband offered to go with her, but she replied, you need not do that, the Lord will go with me; accordingly she tied a small bundle of cloths to her side, took her two sticks, and arrived by eight o\'clock.
>
> No sooner had she taken some refreshment, than she began to sing a hymn. I said, \"well my friend you appear to have got here better than one could expect at your time of life. \"O yes,\" she replied, \" and my heart is full of joy; and I believe the Lord will carry me through the duties before me this day.\" She gave in her experience before the church with great composure, and went through the ordinance of baptism with great courage. On leaving us, to return in the evening, she said, at parting, \"blessed be my God and Saviour for this day.\" Thus, like the eunuch, she went on her way rejoicing. She afterwards met with persecution from the ungodly around her, but in the general, she was carried above it, rejoicing that she was accounted worthy to Suffer shame for Christ\'s sake. Her attendance on the means of grace was uniform and serious; she appeared to find the word of God and eat it, and it was the joy and rejoicing of her soul.
>
> When certain professors tried to draw her aside, and poison her mind, she would either turn a deaf ear, or reply, \"O let us be thankful for the gospel which God has sent among an unworthy people.\" And in reference to those attempts, she said to a friend a few days before she died, \"Blessed be God, they never moved me at all.\"
>
> When confined by her last illness, being visited by a Christian friend, who asked her whether he should pray for her recovery, she replied, \"Pray that the Lord\'s will may be done concerning me, I desire not anything contrary to his will, life or death.\" And thus she departed, committing herself into the hands of Christ, knowing in whom she had believed, and being fully persuaded he was able to keep that she had committed to him against that day.
thumb\|upright=1.1\|The Great North Road, through Sutton-on-Trent
In 1870--1872, Sutton-on-Trent was described as:
> A village and a parish in Southwell district, Notts. The village stands 1½ mile N by E of Carlton r. station, and 8 N of Newark; was once a market-town; is a polling place; and has a post-office under Newark. The parish comprises 2,930 acres. Real property, £6,753. Pop. in 1851, 1,262; in 1861, 1,147. Houses, 281. The manor belongs to the Right Hon. J. E. Denison. There are corn mills. The living. is a vicarage in the diocese of Lincoln. Value, £280. Patron, Rev.Graystone. The church was repaired in 1848. There are chapels for Independents, Baptists, and Wesleyans, a slightly endowed school, and charities £5.
A Board School was leased from the Church School Trustees and endowed in 1816, and Sutton Mill a stone tower windmill built in 1825, (It is now a residence) and by 1900 the area was known for its basket making. A feastival is still held on the first of November each year.
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# Sutton-on-Trent
## Amenities
The village has one pub, The Lord Nelson on Main Street, which is independently owned and operated by a local family. The pub has a mixed use room at the front which is often used for live music, and a restaurant at the rear. The pub also has several en-suite rooms available. The village has a busy doctors\' surgery (Hounsfield Surgery), which has three resident GPs, two nurses and visiting midwives. There is a well-stocked Co-op on High Street and two independent butchers, one on Main Street and Hadley\'s on Great North Road.
The library has recently moved into the Methodist Church which hosts coffee mornings one Saturday per month. The Sutton on Trent Sports Club on Grassthorpe Road had a full renovation in 2019. The small village hall on the Crow Park estate (Snell Road) has a pop-up Post Office on limited days and times. A new Community Centre is planned to be built at the back of the new estate, currently being built off Grassthorpe Road, this estate will also house a new shop and additional parking for the GP surgery.
The village also has two hairdressing salons (Helen\'s Hairdressing and The Box), a retired greyhound sanctuary on Great North Road, and a fuel station. Marshall\'s Bus Company (Marshall\'s of Sutton on Trent) are based in the village and a large employer, having two sites - one for buses and one for coaches. Marshall\'s operate several regular routes around the Newark area and also provide a Retford - Newark bus service which passes through the village.
There is an industrial estate on the north side of the village has several small units. Other larger local employers are Mercia Garden Products, Project Timber (both in Sutton on Trent), JG Pears, in High Marnham, which is 2 miles away and Caledonian Modular in Carlton on Trent, which is 1.5 miles away.
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# Sutton-on-Trent
## Festival
An annual festival is held normally on the first weekend in September. The festival is organised by the Festival Committee with local businesses and residents. Normally the event consists of classic cars, a steam rally, morris dancing, dog agility, music by local bands and artists, food and drink. The bar is supplied and operated by The Milestone Brewery. The festival field and parking field are kindly loaned by the Marshall and Watkinson family.
## Organisations
As an extremely active village, there are many clubs and organisations which meet in the village: Morris Dancing Club; Sutton on Trent Cycling Club; Bridge Club; The W.I.; Sutton on Trent History Club; Slimming World; U11 Football Club.
## Unity Magazine {#unity_magazine}
A monthly magazine is published which covers the villages of Sutton on Trent, Carlton on Trent, Weston, Grassthorpe and Normanton on Trent. The magazine has remained at 50p per edition for many years and is a great source of local information.
## Churches
Sutton on Trent has two churches; All Saints\' Church on Church Street is part of The Beck and Trent Benefice (Church of England) and Sutton on Trent Methodist Church on High Street, which is part of Newark and Southwell Methodist. Both churches are active within the village and have regular services.
## Schools
Sutton on Trent Primary School is state school feeding into Tuxford Academy. It is managed by Nottinghamshire County Council. There is a board of governors and has a Breakfast and After School Club.
## Gallery
<File:Panoramic> view taken in Sutton-on-Trent.jpg\|A panoramic view of fields in Sutton-on-Trent <File:Sutton-on-Trent> scenery taken on Mulberry Path.jpg\|Sutton-on-Trent scenery taken on Mulberry Path <File:Train> passing through Sutton-on-Trent.jpg\|alt=Image shows a train passing through Sutton-on-Trent.\|Train passing through Sutton-on-Trent. Taken on Mulberry Path. <File:All> Saints\' church.jpg\|All Saints\' church, on Church Street <File:Middle> Holme Lane, Sutton-on-Trent.jpg\|alt=Middle Holme Lane, Sutton-on-Trent. (Houses and a small road are visible)\|Middle Holme Lane, Sutton-on-Trent <File:Sutton-on-Trent> field, taken on Main Street
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# Dado Džihan
**Jadranko \"Dado\" Džihan** (1964), also credited as **Dado Jehan**, is a composer, music producer and sound master from Bosnia and Herzegovina. He is a member of New Primitives, Top lista nadrealista an art movement of Sarajevo of the early 1980s. From 1991, he has been based in London. He works as a composer. He is also the brother of Vlado Džihan, best known as one half of the Viennese downtempo electronica duo DZihan & Kamien.
1980-1984 in Sarajevo Dado and his friend Darko Ostojić \"Ogi\" aka Oggie the Kid, formed a rock band with a spiritual touch called Nirvana, later changed to Cyclone. Džihan played keyboards in one of the most successful bands in ex-Yugoslavia, Zabranjeno Pušenje -- "No Smoking Orchestra" releasing a number of critically acclaimed albums. He was the lead vocalist in the band Kongres, and played keyboards in Valentino (band), Gino Banana, Hari Mata Hari and many others including the forward-thinking band \"BITLISI\" co-founded with another dear friend and a colleague from *Top lista nadrealista* Zlaja Ivanisevic.
In 1991, in the eve of the Bosnian War, Džihan moved to London, and continued to work in Music industry, Film and TV as a composer, music producer, pianist, sound artist and actor.
His eclectic compositional style blends European modern and classical works with ethnic elements from the Balkans, Middle East and Africa. He is a classically trained pianist, and also a sound designer and performer with more than 30 years of experience.
Some of his film credits include Angelina Jolie's directorial debut *In the Land of Blood and Honey* (2011), Anthony Minghella's *Breaking and Entering*, Well Tempered Corpses / Dobro Ustimani Mrtvaci by Benjamin Filipovic, and \"Sitting Ducks\" by Gerald Fox
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# Eguren
**Eguren** is a surname
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# KSSM
**KSSM** (103.1 FM, \"My Kiss 103.1\") is a commercial radio station licensed to Copperas Cove, Texas, and serving the Killeen-Temple radio market. The station is owned and operated by Townsquare Media and airs an urban adult contemporary radio format. The station\'s studios are located in Temple, and its transmitter is located southwest of Copperas Cove.
## History
### KOOV
**KOOV** went on the air in early November 1977 following the frequency\'s allocation to the area in the mid-1970s. The station was owned by local businessman Ted Connell and radio personality Gaylon Christie. Christie was a local musician in Central Texas and was well known from his days at KTON-AM/FM in Belton, where he was general manager. Initially broadcasting from a studio in the Cove State Bank Building on Main Street in Copperas Cove, KOOV was known as \"Cove Radio\", billing itself as the \"only station that really cares about Copperas Cove\". Within a few years, the station developed more of a regional appeal, serving the Killeen/Fort Hood area.
For much of its early years, KOOV was programmed with a personality-driven country music format. Sales were good, and the station managed good ratings with a very high spot load. KOOV was a local full service station with news, weather, local sports, many local \"remotes\", and a tightly controlled playlist of country music hits of the day.
KOOV was always challenged by a poor signal in the hills of Central Texas because of its Class A status due to other nearby stations on the same or nearby frequencies. The original power was 3,000 watts, but lowered to 980 watts as the station\'s antenna was raised from 300 feet to 500 feet atop Hogg Mountain. In the early 1990s, the station finally was upgraded to Class C3, increasing its effective radiated power to 8,600 watts from a new self-supporting tower on the far west side of Copperas Cove near the Lampasas/Coryell County line. The upgrade gave KOOV solid signal over the fast-growing region from Lampasas on the west to Temple on the east.
KOOV\'s most famous on-air personality was Big Joe Lombardi who joined the station shortly after launch in 1977. Lombardi was first the news director, and a midday DJ. He was also popular at local clubs playing a mix of country and rock music. Lombardi started calling play-by-play for the Copperas Cove Bulldogs (later Bulldawgs) in 1978 and continued until his death in 2023. Known as the \"voice of the Bulldawgs\", Lombardi was the announcer for many Copperas Cove High School sports and supported community causes. When KOOV was sold in 2000, Lombardi took the CCHS games to Lampasas radio station KACQ-FM 101.9 (licensed to Lometa, TX.) through the successful seasons of the early 2000s, in the later years the coverage of Bulldawg football became internet only. At KOOV, Big Joe moved to the morning show in 1984, replacing station owner Gaylon Christie on AM Drive. Lombardi continued on the very popular morning show until the station sold in 2000. In 1992, he won CMA Small Market DJ of the year.
Another original and popular DJ was James Harrison who also started shortly after the station launched. James Harrison had a very successful run on KTON-AM/FM in Belton, TX. in the early-mid 1970s. After a few years as city manager for Nolanville, TX. Harrison joined his former KTON alumni at KOOV as afternoon drive DJ and operations manager. Former KTON program director Chuck Kelly moved to KOOV in 1981 as morning news anchor/news director and served in this role until the station sold in 2000.
In July 1978, local Copperas Cove High School student Mike Clay joined KOOV as a weekend DJ. Clay continued with KOOV through 1986 as a midday DJ and the station\'s engineer. Clay also called Copperas Cove Bulldog football with Joe Lombardi for 5 years. Clay left KOOV in 1986 to become the weekday weathercaster on KCEN-TV channel 6 in Temple, though he continued to provide weather reports on KOOV through 2000. Clay is currently the chief meteorologist for Bay News 9 in Tampa Bay.
Other KOOV originals were Alan Reynolds and Jim Jones. Reynolds and Jones had also worked at KTON in Belton. Reynolds was the station\'s first music director and Jones was the original engineer.
KOOV continued to be a highly rated local station through most of the 1990s, but as the decade moved along, its ratings began to fall. Waco country station WACO-FM 99.9 moved its tower to Moody, increasing its signal in the Copperas Cove area and posing a formidable threat. By the end of the decade, WACO had greatly cut into KOOV\'s ratings.
### KSSM
In 2000, Cumulus Media purchased KOOV and sister station KOOC in Belton. Most of the staff was released, new programmers were brought in, and the station was relaunched as adult R&B station **KSSM** \"103.1 Kiss-FM\". Cumulus subsequently sold KSSM and its sister stations to Townsquare Media in July 2012. The sole Urban station for years serving the market was KIIZ-FM until 2000 when KSSM launched its current format as an Urban AC station. In November 2017, KSSM rebranded as \"My Kiss 103.1\" while maintaining its current format. KSSM carried the syndicated *Tom Joyner Morning Show* in the morning drive time until March 2018, when his show was replaced by *The Steve Harvey Morning Show*. It also carries Michael Baisden in the afternoon and the *Keith Sweat Hotel*
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# Sarasvati Bhavana Granthamala
**Sārasvati Bhavana Granthamala** (previously known as Sarasvati Bhavana Texts) is a series of editions of Sanskrit scholarly texts. The publication of the series began in 1920, on behalf of Sarasvati Bhawan, the Library of the Government Sanskrit College, Varanasi. The series is known as *The Princess of Wales Sārasvati Bhavana Texts*. This project of publication was accepted because of requests by a Sir Buller, who was the education director of the United Provinces during British rule in India.
## Aim
The Sārasvati Bhavan library is the richest collection of Sanskrit manuscripts in India. Dr. Ganganath Jha suggested and recommended the publication of the rare manuscripts collected in this library. These manuscripts were written on palm leaves, clothes, birch, wooden plates and old paper. These texts had not been published for multiple years and would have faded into obscurity if not rescued by the Sarasvati Bhavan effort.
## Subjects
These manuscripts focused on different types of Sanskrit literature, such as the\
1. Vedas\
2. Nyāya\
3. Mimāṃsā\
4. Vyākaraṇa\
5. Literature\
6. Drama\
7. Astrology\
8. Dharmaśāstra\
9. Puranas, etc.
## History
Sārasvati Bhavan texts have been published since 1920 by the Government Sanskrit College, Benares. In 1958 this college merged into the Sampurnanand Sanskrit University. This University established a Research Institute for the editing and publication of manuscript and comparative & critical research.
The director of the Research Institute was the editor of all publications and research activities done in the University. After independence, the title \'Princess of Wales\' was removed from Sārasvati Bhavana Texts and renamed to \"Sārasvati Bhavana Granthamala\". In this series, more than 150 books have been published.
## Editors
S.No. Name of Editor Period
------- ---------------------------------- ------------
1\. Kshetresa Chandra Chattopadhyaya 1957--1965
2\. Baldev Upadhyaya 1966--1968
3\. Badarinath Shukla 1968--1970
4\. Dr. B.P.T. Vagish Shastri 1970--1991
\
Gopinath Kaviraj, the principal of the college from 1923 to 1937, was the supervising editor of the series. He received the Padma Vibhushan in 1964. In 1991, the responsibilities of the Granthamala were handed over by the Vice-Chancellors of the University to the supervision of the director of the Research Institute
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# Tour De Flock
***Tour De Flock*** is the first live album and DVD by Bell X1. It is a 2-disc compilation featuring 16 tracks from their sold-out gig at The Point Theatre, Dublin on 1 December 2006.
The album is the group\'s first since being leaving Island Records and was issued through their own BellyUp label. The deluxe double package comes with a wallpaper style digipack sleeve. The release was timed to coincide with their summer shows at Malahide Castle in Dublin and at the Marquee in Cork in 2007.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
- The live DVD contains the following 16 songs from the show.
1. \"My First Born for a Song\'
2. \"Bigger Than Me\"
3. \"Whitewater Song\"
4. \"Next to You\"
5. \"Eve, the Apple of My Eye\"
6. \"Trampoline\"
7. \"Rocky Took a Lover\"
8. \"Alphabet Soup\"
9. \"Bad Skin Day\"
10. \"He Said She Said\"
11. \"Tongue\"
12. \"Flame\"
13. \"I\'ll See Your Heart and I\'ll Raise You Mine\"
14. \"Snakes and Snakes\"
15. \"Blue Rinse Baby\"
16. \"Lamposts\"
The CD only has 13 tracks, omitting \"Bigger Than Me\", \"Next To You\" and \"Alphabet Soup\".
The songs \"Godsong\" and \"Reacharound\" are missing from the [listing](https://web.archive.org/web/20071007154804/http://d3007956.u101.hosting365.ie/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=703&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=45), despite having been played at the show.
## DVD extras {#dvd_extras}
- Extras on the DVD include:
- A version of The Cake Sale\'s \"Some Surprise\" filmed live in Cork.
- *Tour De Flock* - a short film by Ian Thuillier. featuring \"show-day shenanigans\" in Waterford, Galway, Killarney, Cork and Dublin.
- *The Making Of Flock* - a short film by Paul Noonan
- A *Photogallery* by Annika Johansson
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# DOGMA
**DOGMA**, short for *Developing Ontology-Grounded Methods and Applications*, is the name of research project in progress at Vrije Universiteit Brussel\'s STARLab, Semantics Technology and Applications Research Laboratory. It is an internally funded project, concerned with the more general aspects of extracting, storing, representing and browsing information.
## Methodological Root {#methodological_root}
DOGMA, as a dialect of the [fact-based modeling](http://www.factbasedmodeling.org/) approach, has its root in database semantics and model theory. It adheres to the fact-based information management methodology towards Conceptualization and 100% principle of [ISO TR9007](http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=16549).
The DOGMA methodological principles include:
1. Data independence: the meaning of data shall be decoupled from the data itself.
2. Interpretation independence: unary or binary fact types (i.e. lexons) shall be adhere to formal interpretation in order to store semantics; lexons themselves do not carry semantics
3. Multiple views on and uses of stored conceptualization. An ontology shall be scalable and extensible.
4. Language neutral. An ontology shall meet multilingual needs.
5. Presentations independence: an ontology in DOGMA shall meet any kinds of users\' needs of presentation. As an FBM dialect, DOGMA supports both graphical notations and textual presentation in a controlled language. Semantic decision tables, for example, is a means to visualize processes in a DOGMA commitment. SDRule-L is to visualize and publish ontology-based decision support models.
6. Concepts shall be validated by the stakeholders.
7. Informal textual definitions shall be provided in case the source of the ontology is missing or incomplete.
## Technical introduction {#technical_introduction}
DOGMA is an ontology approach and framework that is not restricted to a particular representation language. This approach has some distinguishing characteristics that make it different from traditional ontology approaches such as (i) its groundings in the linguistic representations of knowledge and (ii) the methodological separation of the domain-versus-application conceptualization, which is called the ontology double articulation principle. The idea is to enhance the potential for re-use and design scalability. Conceptualisations are materialised in terms of lexons. A lexon is a 5-tuple declaring either (in some context G):
1. taxonomical relationship (genus): *e.g.*, \< G, manager, is a, subsumes, person \>;
2. non-taxonomical relationship (differentia): *e.g.*, \< G, manager, directs, directed by, company \>.
Lexons could be approximately considered as a combination of an RDF/OWL triple and its inverse, or as a conceptual graph style relation (Sowa, 1984). The next section elaborates more on the notions of context.
## Language versus conceptual level {#language_versus_conceptual_level}
Another distinguishing characteristic of DOGMA is the explicit duality (orthogonal to double articulation) in interpretation between the language level and conceptual level. The goal of this separation is primarily to disambiguate the lexical representation of terms in a lexon (on the language level) into concept definitions (on the conceptual level), which are word senses taken from lexical resources such as WordNet. The meaning of the terms in a lexon is dependent on the context of elicitation.
For example, consider a term "capital". If this term was elicited from a typewriter manual, it has a different meaning (read: concept definition) than when elicited from a book on marketing. The intuition that a context provides here is: a context is an abstract identifier that refers to implicit or tacit assumptions in a domain, and that maps a term to its intended meaning (i.e. concept identifier) within these assumptions.
## Ontology evolution {#ontology_evolution}
Ontologies naturally co-evolve with their communities of use. Therefore, in De Leenheer (2007) he identified a set of primitive operators for changing ontologies. We make sure these change primitives are conditional, which means that their applicability depends on pre- and post-conditions. Doing so, we guarantee that only valid structures can be built.
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# DOGMA
## Context dependency types {#context_dependency_types}
De Leenheer and de Moor (2005) distinguished four key characteristics of context:
1. a context packages related knowledge: it defines part of the knowledge of a particular domain,
2. it disambiguates the lexical representation of concepts and relationships by distinguishing between language level and conceptual level,
3. it defines context dependencies between different ontological contexts and
4. contexts can be embedded or linked, in the sense that statements about contexts are themselves in context.
Based on this, they identified three different types of context dependencies within one ontology (intra-ontological) and between different ontologies (inter-ontological): articulation, application, and specialisation. One particular example in the sense of conceptual graph theory would be a specialisation dependency for which the dependency constraint is equivalent to the conditions for CG-specialisation
Context dependencies provide a better understanding of the whereabouts of knowledge elements and their inter-dependencies, and consequently make negotiation and application less vulnerable to ambiguity, hence more practical
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# KWTX-FM
**KWTX-FM** (97.5 MHz) is a commercial contemporary hit radio station in Waco, Texas. Branded \"97.5 FM\", the station is owned and operated by iHeartMedia. Its studios are located on Highway 6 in Waco, and its transmitter is located northeast of Moody, Texas.
## History
KWTX-FM first signed on with an album-oriented rock format on December 1, 1970, and later switched to an easy listening--beautiful music format in 1978. It has been a CHR station since February 1985
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| 0 |
11,100,923 |
# Enn Vetemaa
**Enn Vetemaa** (June 20, 1936`{{spnd}}`{=mediawiki}March 28, 2017) was an Estonian writer sometimes referred to as a \"forgotten classic\", as well as \"the unofficial master of the Estonian Modernist short novel\".
## Biography
Vetemaa was born in Tallinn to the family of an architect. He graduated from Tallinn Polytechnic Institute in 1959 with a degree in chemical engineering. His choice of the subject was influenced by his grandfather, a pioneer photographer and radio-engineer, who started photography in 19th century and experimented with radio-transmitting two years after Alexander Popov.
Without working out the required three years Vetemaa abandoned his engineering career and entered Tallinn Conservatoire that he graduated from in 1965. Despite being a very successful student of music Vetemaa decided that he is not as strong as his classmates: now famous Arvo Pärt and Jaan Rääts. Vetemaa abandoned music and returned to writing poetry.
First publications of Vetemaa\'s poetry were in 1958. He published books of poetry *Critical Age* (*Переломный Возраст* ) in 1962 and *Game of snowballs* (*Игра в Снежки*) in 1966. He became a notable figure among the young poets of Estonia, but his ironic and rational intellect forces to switch into prose.
In 1964 he finished and in 1966 published his arguably most-famous novel *Monument*. The novel already does something that is unusual in the context of Estonian literature: the narrator is a negative character. In this way Vetemaa makes his readers enter the mind of a character for whom they feel no empathy. The narrator, a young successful sculptor kandidat of architecture Sven Voore, returns from Moscow to Tallinn to work on a memorial to fallen Soviet soldiers. He is supposed to decorate the pedestal for the work of a young talented sculptor Ain Saarema, but the problem is that the monument eventually designed by Ain does not need any pedestals: it shows only arms that the dead soldiers rise from their graves through the ground. The narrator\'s intrigues eventually lead to the monument eventually finished by a Stalinist Magnus Tee, the narrator getting the job of the pedestal, promotion in the Estonian art unions and the wife of Ain Sarema. The resulting monument is done in the traditions of the socialist realism but has ghostly long arms (inherited from the project of Ain).
The novel was originally forbidden to be published but Vetemaa happened to meet the censor. After a few days of heavy drinking with Vetemaa, the censor found courage to allow the novel for publications. The novel was printed at the climax of the Khrushchev Thaw and was well received. Vetemaa won the USSR Writer\'s Union prize for the best novel. In 1978 the novel was adapted as a play directed by Valery Fokin in Moscow Sovremennik Theater. It is considered to be the best theater work of Konstantin Raikin.
After *Monument* Vetemaa published other \"small novels\": *Tiredness* (Усталость) (1967), *Väike reekviem suupillile* (written in 1967, printed in 1968), *Munad hiina moodi* (English: *Chinese Eggs*) (written -- 1967--1969, printed -- 1972). All together Vetemaa wrote ten \"short novels\"
Vetemaa continues to work as a playwright. His play *Õhtusöök viiele* (*Dinner for Five*), first performed in 1972, and the comedy *Püha Susanna ehk Meistrite kool* (*Saint Susanna or the School of Masters*), first performed in 1974, demonstrate Vetemaa\'s sharp eye and witty lines; texts without which Estonian theatre history would not be complete.
In 1983 Vetemaa prepared his most famous text compilation *Eesti näkiliste välimäärja* (*The Reference Book of Estonian Mermaids*), which mixes frivolity with popular science. He also wrote a lot of variations on the themes of Estonian epic poetry.
Speaking about the controversy caused by relocation of the Bronze Soldier of Tallinn, Vetemma supported the idea of erecting a monument to Boris Yeltsin on the vacant place
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# Bush track
**Bush track** is a term used in horse racing to describe tracks used for unsanctioned, informal horse races run in rural areas of the United States and southern Canada. Quarter horses, ridden by amateur jockeys, are raced on makeshift tracks, often set up in the field where the horses are pastured using barrels or other natural landmarks as the track interior. Race times are never kept and the track length is not uniform.
Some of these tracks are somewhat more formal, with names and a regular following (though seldom more than 1000 would show for a race). Races are often run with only two horses on a track with lanes. The state of Louisiana is notable for having produced top jockeys who got their start in this setting
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# Equipossibility
**Equipossibility** is a philosophical concept in possibility theory that is a precursor to the notion of equiprobability in probability theory. It is used to distinguish what *can* occur in a probability experiment. For example, it is the difference between viewing the possible results of rolling a six sided dice as {1,2,3,4,5,6} rather than {6, not 6}. The former (equipossible) set contains equally possible alternatives, while the latter does not because there are five times as many alternatives inherent in \'not 6\' as in 6. This is true even if the die is biased so that 6 and \'not 6\' are equally likely to occur (equiprobability).
The Principle of Indifference of Laplace states that equipossible alternatives may be accorded equal probabilities if nothing more is known about the underlying probability distribution. However, it is a matter of contention whether the concept of equipossibility, also called equispecificity (from equispecific), can truly be distinguished from the concept of equiprobability.
In Bayesian inference, one definition of equipossibility is \"a transformation group which leaves invariant one\'s state of knowledge\". Equiprobability is then defined by normalizing the Haar measure of this symmetry group. This is known as the principle of transformation groups
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# The Chipmunks Sing the Beatles Hits
***The Chipmunks Sing the Beatles Hits*** is a tribute album of Alvin and the Chipmunks singing the hits of the Beatles. It was originally released in 1964 by Liberty Records on vinyl record, and consists of Chipmunk renditions of early Beatles hits. This was the first Beatles tribute album.
One single was released from the album (\"All My Loving\" b/w \"Do You Want to Know a Secret?\") and a six-song stereo jukebox EP was also issued. On later pressings on the Sunset label and all reissues on vinyl, cassette and compact disc since, the opening guitar chord on the song \"Do You Want to Know a Secret?\" is partially cut off.
The album debuted on the Billboard 200 album chart at number 110 for the week ending September 5, 1964. Six weeks later, the album peaked at number 14 on the albums chart for the week ending October 10, 1964. It remained on the albums chart for more than five months.
The Chipmunks are not involved in any incidents on the recordings, however, during the instrumental of \"Twist and Shout\", Dave Seville tells Alvin that his wig is falling off and to fix it, with Alvin yelling \"Okay! Okay!\" and then the sound of Alvin fixing the wig with muffled tones.
## Production
For his work on the album, engineer Dave Hassinger won the 1964 Grammy Award for Best Engineered Recording -- Special Or Novel Effects.
## Reception
In a December 1982 *Goldmine* magazine interview, Ross Bagdasarian Jr. remembered that his father \"thought it would be a cute idea for a Chipmunk record and he spoke with the Beatles. When he was in London, he even met the Beatles, who were very supportive of the idea.\"
## Track listing {#track_listing}
All songs written by Lennon--McCartney unless otherwise noted.
### Side one {#side_one}
1. \"All My Loving\" -- 2:21
2. \"Do You Want to Know a Secret\" -- 2:04
3. \"She Loves You\" -- 2:14
4. \"From Me to You\" -- 1:57
5. \"Love Me Do\" -- 2:18
6. \"Twist and Shout\" (Phil Medley, Bert Russell) -- 2:39
### Side two {#side_two}
1. \"A Hard Day\'s Night\" -- 2:47
2. \"P.S. I Love You\" -- 2:21
3. \"I Saw Her Standing There\" -- 2:57
4. \"Can\'t Buy Me Love\" -- 2:07
5. \"Please Please Me\" -- 2:05
6
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# Victor Kunonga
**Victor Kunonga** (born October 25, 1974) is a Zimbabwean award-winning Afro-jazz singer and songwriter. Though having come to light in 2004, Victor quickly rose to fame with his first two albums and was a household name by 2007.
## Biography
Victor Kunonga was born in Zimbabwe\'s Shurugwi but grew up in the rural area of Hwedza. Victor\'s family later moved to live in the country\'s second largest city of Bulawayo and later to the capital city Harare, where he discovered his dormant musical talent.
Self-taught acoustic guitarist, he announced his arrival on the Zimbabwe music scene in 2004 with the launch of his debut album Such Is Life -- Ndanyengetedzwa (Persuaded). Since then Victor\'s star has risen and he has firmly established himself as one of the leading Zimbabwean artists.
## Musical career {#musical_career}
In 1999, his dream of enrolling with the college of music in Bulawayo was shattered when he was told he ought to have an instrument or two to be accepted by the college. Since he did not have one it only followed that he failed to enrol. He then moved to Harare to join a designing interest having completed a commercial designing course majoring in graphics. In the early half of 2001 Victor started attending music workshops at the college of music in Harare where he first handled a guitar to learn how to play the strings for the first time.
Victor derives inspiration from the masters of Zimbabwean music namely Oliver Mtukudzi, Thomas Mapfumo, Louis Mhlanga, Chiwoniso Maraire and from general traditional rhythms. Through working with non-governmental organisations, Victor has been vocal in fighting social ills such as gender-based violence and drug abuse.
### Debut album: *Such is Life: Ndanyengetedzwa* {#debut_album_such_is_life_ndanyengetedzwa}
His first album released in 2004, became a hit based on the songs \"Maidarirei\", \"Ndanyengetedzwa namai\" and \"Tigere\".
The album sold very well and music video for \"Maidarirei\" also did very well on Zimbabwean TV music video charts. \"Such is Life: Ndanyengetedzwa\" song list:
- 1\. Mayidarirei
- 2\. Umazenza
- 3\. Usacheme
- 4\. Ndanyengetedzwa
- 5\. Tigere
- 6\. Peace
- 7\. Usacheme Mix
- 8\. Mayidarirei Mix
### *Uyo*
On Victor\'s second album, \"Uyo\", released in 2006, big names in Afro-Jazz appeared, this includes celebrated drummer, Sam Mataure, female jazz vocalist Prudence Katomeni, bassist Kelly Rusike, keyboardist Manasa Mujawo, Guitarist Zivanai Masango, percussionist Adam Chisvo, Richie Lopez on saxophone. His second offering made an equally big success on Zimbabwean music charts and is still very much popular to date. \"Uyo\" Song list:
- 1\. Mandirasa
- 2\. Kana
- 3\. Kure (The Prodigal Son)
- 4\. Mamurega
- 5\. Munyamai
- 6\. Next
- 7\. Nzara
- 8\. Zivanayi
- 9\. Uyo
in 2010, Victor released his 3rd Album Handinete.
## *Peace*
Victor formed the group "Peace" in 2004 and since then, they have been a part of every major festival in Zimbabwe and a regular feature at premium Zimbabwe functions and Jazz clubs. Victor and Peace have also performed alongside musical greats like Oliver Mtukudzi, Steve Dyer, Malaika, Habib Coyete, Jabu Khanyile, Yvonne Chaka Chaka, Judith Sephuma, Louis Mhlanga, and Hugh Masekela. The group is known to give spirited performances at annual arts festivals like the Harare International Festival of the Arts (HIFA), the Zimbabwe Jazz Festival among others
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# University of Michigan Papyrology Collection
The **Papyrology Collection** of the University of Michigan Library is an internationally respected collection of ancient papyrus and a center for research on ancient culture, language, and history. With over 7,000 items and more than 10,000 individual fragments, the Collection is by far the largest collection of papyrus in the country, and offers a glimpse into the everyday life and language of the ancient world. Of keen interest to historians, linguists, classicists, philosophers, archaeologists, as well as others, the collection includes biblical fragments, religious writings, public and private documents, private letters, and writings on astronomy, astrology, mathematics, and magic. The papyri span nearly two millennia of history, dating from about 1000 BC to AD 1000, with the majority dating from the third century BC to the seventh century AD.
Many of the papyri in U-M\'s collection were written by Greek-speaking people living in Egypt. Their use of common Greek, known as koine, is instructive as to how the ancient dialects gave way to a more standardized language. Although most examples of papyrus originate from Egypt, papyrologists generally study documents which are written in Greek---the official language of the government from the time of Alexander the Great until the Muslim conquest of Egypt.
## History
The Michigan Papyrus Collection was initially developed by Professor Francis W. Kelsey, Chairman of the Department of Latin from 1889 to 1927. While in Italy in 1915, Professor Kelsey learned of the possibility of purchasing papyri from dealers. But, since World War I was in progress, any purchasing had to wait until after the armistice of 1918. Kelsey then traveled to Egypt to acquire papyri. In February 1920, he arrived in Cairo and secured the codex of the Minor Prophets, among many other pieces. Dr. W.W. Bishop, University Librarian of the University of Michigan, was very eager to enlarge the Library\'s manuscript resources, and assumed responsibility for the housing and care of the papyri, as well as for providing in the Library a work room for those entrusted with their decipherment and publication.
All these papyrus documents provide a unique insight into the ancient world, the social structure of ancient life in general and in detail. The contribution of the papyrus collection has been very important in the understanding of the history of Egypt under Greek and Roman rule, the structure of the society from the Ptolemaic to the Byzantine period, the administration, the personal religious beliefs of individuals, the official religions and their dogmatic clashes, the history of ancient scholarship, the schools, higher education and changes in literary taste over the periods mentioned. Among the most intriguing texts to have been unearthed are passages from sorcerers\' handbooks that disclose magic spells and give instructions on their proper use.
The collection of papyri is augmented by the University\'s collection of ostraca, which is housed in the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology. Other ancient materials in the Collection include wood and wax tablets (unique in the ancient world because they were eraseable and re-usable).
## Professional Activities and Affiliations {#professional_activities_and_affiliations}
From July 29-August 4, 2007, The U-M Papyrus Collection hosted the XXV International Congress of Papyrology. The Congress is an important gathering of international scholars and researchers.
The U-M Papyrus Collection also produces the *[Bulletin of the American Society of Papyrologists](http://quod.lib.umich.edu/b/basp)*, the only professional journal published in America for the advanced study of papyri and related topics.
## Digitization efforts {#digitization_efforts}
The University of Michigan Papyrus Collection has for many years been involved in digitizing its papyrology collection. New technology has aided the study of the fragile materials, making it more easily accessible. The first digital scanner purchased by the U-M Library was used to begin digitizing its papyrus holdings, according to the Winter 2007 issue of *Search and Discovery: Research at Michigan*.
The University of Michigan, along with UC Berkeley, Columbia, Duke, Princeton, and Yale, is a member of the [Advanced Papyrological Information System](http://www.lib.umich.edu/papyrology-collection/advanced-papyrological-information-system-apis) (APIS), a consortium that is working to digitize the member institutions\' collections and make them available online. The Michigan APIS database currently has over 35,000 records with images, searchable in a variety of fields including date, language, origin, type of text, author, names of persons, and many more. Also included are detailed electronic images of the papyrus, publication info, and even (in some cases) a link to the Greek text on the Perseus Project website
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# San Giovannino dei Cavalieri
**San Giovannino dei Cavalieri** (*Young St. John the Baptist of the Knights*) previously named Church of **San Giovanni Decollato** (Decapitated St. John), is a parish church situated in Via San Gallo in central Florence, Italy.
Initially the site held a 14th-century home for women of \"easy virtue\" and dedicated to St. Mary Magdalen, it was renamed after the patron saint of the Cavalieri or Knights of Malta. Rebuilt from 1553-1784, with facade added in 1699. Presently it contains a *Coronation of the Virgin* by Neri di Bicci, a *Nativity* by Bicci di Lorenzo, an *Annunciation* attributed to the Master of Stratonice, a *Decapitation of St. John the Baptist* by Pietro Dandini, vault frescoes by Alessandro Gherardini, a painted cross in the apse by Lorenzo Monaco, and a *Last Supper* by Palma il Giovane
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# Inch of water
**Inches of water** is a non-SI unit for pressure. It is also given as **inches of water gauge** (**iwg** or **in.w.g.**), **inches water column** (**inch wc**, **in. WC**, **\" wc**, etc. or just **wc** or **WC**), **inAq**, **Aq**, or **inH`{{sub|2}}`{=mediawiki}O**. The units are conventionally used for measurement of certain pressure differentials such as small pressure differences across an orifice, or in a pipeline or shaft, or before and after a coil in an HVAC unit.
It is defined as the pressure exerted by a column of water of 1 inch in height at defined conditions. At a temperature of 4 °C (39.2 °F) pure water has its highest density (1000 kg/m^3^). At that temperature and assuming the standard acceleration of gravity, 1 inAq is approximately 249.082 Pa.
Alternative standard in uncommon usage are 60 °F (15,6 °C), or 68 °F (20 °C), and depends on industry standards rather than on international standards.
**Feet of water** is an alternative way to specify pressure as height of a water column; it is conventionally equated to 2989.067 Pa.
In North America, air and other industrial gases are often measured in inches of water when at low pressure. This is in contrast to inches of mercury or pounds per square inch (psi, lbf/in`{{sup|2}}`{=mediawiki}) for larger pressures. One usage is in the measurement of air (\"wind\") that supplies a pipe organ and is referred simply as *inches*. It is also used in natural gas distribution for measuring utilization pressure (*U.P.*, i.e. the residential point of use) which is typically between 6 and 7 inches WC or about 0.25 lbf/in`{{sup|2}}`{=mediawiki}.
1 inAq ≈ 0.036 lbf/in`{{sup|2}}`{=mediawiki}, or 27.7 inAq ≈ 1 lbf/in`{{sup|2}}`{=mediawiki}.
: {\|
\|- \|1 inH~2~O \|\|= 249.0889 pascals \|- \|rowspan=7\| \|= 2.490889 mbar or hectopascals \|- \|= 2.54 cmH~2~O \|- \|≈ 249.0889 Pa \|- \|≈ 249.0889 Pa or mmHg \|- \|≈ 249.0889 Pa \|- \|≈ 249
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# Nat Tate: An American Artist 1928–1960
***Nat Tate: An American Artist 1928--1960*** is a 1998 novel, presented as a biography, by the Scottish writer William Boyd. Nat Tate was an imaginary person, invented by Boyd and created as \"an abstract expressionist who destroyed \'99%\' of his work and leapt to his death from the Staten Island ferry. His body was never found.\" At the time of the novel\'s launch, Boyd went some way to encourage the belief that Tate had really existed.
## Art hoax {#art_hoax}
Boyd published the book as a hoax, presented as a real biography. Gore Vidal, John Richardson (Picasso\'s biographer), Karen Wright (then editor of the influential *Modern Painters* magazine) and David Bowie (a board member of *Modern Painters* and co-director with Karen Wright of 21 Publishing, which published the book) were all participants in the hoax. \"Nat Tate\" is a combination of the names of two London art galleries, the National Gallery and the Tate Gallery. Boyd and his conspirators set about convincing the New York glitterati (social elites) that the reputation of this influential abstract expressionist needed to be re-evaluated.
Bowie held a launch party on April Fool\'s Day eve, 1998, and read extracts from the book, while Richardson talked about Tate\'s friendships with both Picasso and Braque. Vidal and Richardson supplied fake quotes to lend authenticity to the biography, with both of them suggesting that Tate was a \"drunk\".
About a week later, journalist David Lister, who was at the New York launch, reported in *The Independent* of London that \"some of the biggest names in the art world have been the victims of a literary hoax\", and the story was picked up by other newspapers, including *The New York Times*. He said that no one he spoke to claimed to know Tate well, but no one claimed not to have heard of him. He said he sniffed something fishy, since he appeared to be the only person in the room who had never heard of Tate. His suspicions were confirmed when he discovered that none of the galleries mentioned in the book actually existed. By January 2016, Lister had become *The Independent*{{\'}}s Arts Editor.
In reality, it appears that few were fooled and most of the big names in the arts world (including artists, collectors, art historian, art dealers, New York based writers like Paul Auster, and editors of literary journals) quickly realized that Nat Tate was a complete fake and that they had been the victims of an elaborate setup. Some of the paintings featured in the book were reportedly painted by Boyd and the hoax was made more believable by Gore Vidal\'s endorsement on the book\'s dust cover. Also, the photographs of Nat Tate that feature in the \'biography\' are of unknown people from Boyd\'s own photographic collection.
Karen Wright, one of Bowie\'s co-directors at 21 Publishing, said the hoax was not meant to be malicious: \"Part of it was, we were very amused that people kept saying \'Yes, I\'ve heard of him.\' There is a willingness not to appear foolish. Critics are too proud for that.\" Boyd, the main perpetrator of the hoax, agreed, saying \"the doubts were meant to set in very quickly.\"
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# Nat Tate: An American Artist 1928–1960
## Fictional biography {#fictional_biography}
According to his inventor\'s fictitious biography, Nathwell \"Nat\" Tate was born \"probably\" in Union Beach, New Jersey on 7 March 1928. His father, for whom he was named, deserted the family before Tate\'s birth. From the age of 3, Tate, an only child, lived in Peconic, Long Island, New York, with his mother Mary, who worked as a kitchen maid for a wealthy family. Mary was killed in a traffic accident in February, 1936, shortly before Tate\'s eighth birthday, and Tate was subsequently adopted by the family with whom he and his mother had been living.
Always interested in painting and drawing, Tate studied painting with Hans Hofmann in Provincetown, Massachusetts from 1947 until 1950, and began showing his work in exhibitions of abstract art in New York City in 1952. His adoptive family supported Tate, paying for his lessons and also buying much of his artwork. Tate became a respected, albeit minor, figure in the New York art scene, appreciated by his peers, if somewhat obscure to the general public. A recurring motif in his works was the representation of bridges, which was partly inspired by his readings of the works of Hart Crane.
An alcoholic, Tate became increasingly irrational towards the end of the decade. After a trip to Europe in 1959, he became overwhelmed by the quality of art he saw there (especially that of Georges Braque, whom Tate briefly visited). On his return to America, Tate insisted on borrowing or buying back his paintings from their owners, so he could \"improve\" them. Apparently unhappy with his work, he then simply destroyed all of the paintings he reacquired---about 99% of his collected works, according to one estimate. Emulating the death of Hart Crane, Tate committed suicide on 12 January 1960, by jumping off the Staten Island Ferry.
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# Nat Tate: An American Artist 1928–1960
## Later appearances {#later_appearances}
William Boyd included Nat Tate as a minor character in his 2002 novel *Any Human Heart* and in its 2010 TV adaptation.
In 2011, a painting by \"Nat Tate\" entitled *Bridge no. 114* was auctioned at Sotheby\'s in London. The winning bid for the painting (which was actually by William Boyd) was £7,250, well above the expected price, with the purchaser later revealed to be English television personality Ant McPartlin. The money was given to the Artists\' General Benevolent Institution
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# Lori Dungey
**Lori Dungey** (born 1957) is a New Zealand actress. Dungey was born in Canada and came to New Zealand when she performed in an arts festival during the Commonwealth Games in Auckland in 1990. Dungey subsequently became the artistic director of the Wellington Improv Company. She has had acting roles in both film and television including *Lord of the Rings* films and the television series *Xena* and *Hercules.* She has also performed in New Zealand\'s Improv Festival.
## Partial filmography {#partial_filmography}
### Voice-over roles {#voice_over_roles}
- *Power Rangers Ninja Storm*: Beevil
- *Power Rangers Mystic Force*: Screamer
- *Power Rangers Operation Overdrive*: Crazar
- *Power Rangers RPM*: Computer (episode 29 & 30)
- *Power Rangers Dino Charge*: Memorella
- *Power Rangers Beast Morphers*: Gamertron
### Television roles {#television_roles}
- *Xena: Warrior Princess*: Kellos
- *Hercules: The Legendary Journeys*: Fortune, Time Share Saleswoman
- *Young Hercules*: Traveller, Mad Medicine Woman
- *Mercy Peak*: Ellen Palliser
- *Power Rangers Dino Thunder*: Mrs. Porter
- *Power Rangers S.P.D.*: Louise Boom
- *Power Rangers Ninja Steel*: Mrs. Bell (2017-2018)
### Movie roles {#movie_roles}
- *The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring*: Mrs. Bracegirdle (extended version)
- *M3GAN*: Celia
### Short film roles {#short_film_roles}
- *Mrs Bracegirdle\'s Woodlyn Park Adventure*: Mrs
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# History of Aston Villa F.C. (1874–1961)
Aston Villa Football Club were formed in 1874, by fifteen members \[Report by the Sports Argus on a talk by co-founder Jack Hughes, 1899\] of the Wesleyan Chapel at Villa Cross (known as early as 1867 as Aston Villa Wesleyan Chapel) in Lozells. Four of the founders were Jack Hughes, Frederick Matthews, Walter Price and William Scattergood. The club won its first FA Cup in 1887. Aston Villa were one of the dozen teams that competed in the inaugural Football League in 1888 with the club\'s outgoing chairman William McGregor being the league\'s founder. Aston Villa emerged as the most successful English club of the Victorian era. By the end of Villa\'s \"Golden Age\" at the start of the First World War, the club had won the League Championship six times and the FA Cup five times.
Aston Villa won their sixth FA Cup in 1920. For the remainder of the inter-war years though, Villa were on a slow decline that would lead to them being relegated to the Second Division in 1936 for the first time in their history. They returned to the top-tier of English football by the outbreak of the Second World War. As with many clubs, the war brought much change to Villa Park and remainder of the 1940s were spent rebuilding the team. By 1957, Villa were a Cup winning side once again with the club\'s seventh FA Cup win. Even though Villa won the inaugural League Cup in 1960, the club were to enter into a very unsuccessful period. The 1960s saw much change at Villa Park. By the end of the 1960s, Villa were languishing in the Second Division and fan pressure led to the resignation of the Board and the introduction of Doug Ellis as Villa Chairman.
## Formation by Villa Cross Cricketers {#formation_by_villa_cross_cricketers}
Co-founder Jack Hughes insisted that Aston Villa Football Club was formed by fifteen players, mainly from the Aston Villa Wesleyan Chapel cricket team. The players were looking for something to keep them occupied during the winter. The club\'s official history states that soccer (association football) was chosen after witnessing an \"impromptu game on a meadow off Heathfield Road\". Four of the founders of Aston Villa FC and those who were delegated to view the game were Jack Hughes, Frederick Matthews, Walter Price and William Scattergood. Villa moved to their first official home, Wellington Road in Perry Barr, in 1876 after their recently appointed captain, George Ramsay, noted that in order to progress, Villa would need to move into an enclosed ground to be able to collect gate money. The site was taken on a three-year lease at a rent of £7,10 shillings for the first year, rising to £15 and £20 in subsequent years. By the late 1870s, Villa were improving greatly and by 1880, Villa won their first senior honour when they won the Birmingham Senior Cup under the captaincy of Scotsman Ramsay.
## Rise to prominence {#rise_to_prominence}
The club won its first FA Cup in 1887, under the captaincy of another Scotsman, Archie Hunter. They beat West Bromwich Albion 2--0 in the final held at The Oval. Up until 1885, football had remained an amateur sport. It turned professional in 1885, when the FA legalized professional football, but with a national wage limit. However, the Scottish draper and director of Aston Villa, William McGregor had become frustrated with watching his team in one-sided friendly matches and low attendances for all games but FA Cup ties. He saw that in order to keep interest in the game alive, the top teams needed to play each other in a league much like American baseball teams did. McGregor wrote to the twelve leading clubs in England proposing the formation of a league, what would later be known as the English Football League. Aston Villa were one of the dozen teams that competed in the inaugural Football League in 1888. Villa\'s first League game came on 8 September 1888, when they drew 1--1 Wolverhampton Wanderers as Tom Green scored the club\'s first League goal. Villa finished runners-up to Preston North End in that inaugural season.
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# History of Aston Villa F.C. (1874–1961)
## Victorian and Edwardian eras {#victorian_and_edwardian_eras}
Despite Villa founding the league, by 1893 they had yet to win it. Villa Committee Member Frederick Rinder was the instigator of a club meeting at Barwick Street in February 1893 that removed the committee running the club at the time. All fourteen committee members resigned and were replaced by a committee of five led by Rinder after he gave a speech criticising the board\'s tolerance of ill discipline and players\' drinking. The following season saw Villa win their first League Championship, the season after that they won their second FA Cup in 1894--95. This was followed by back-to-back League titles in 1895-96 and 1896--97.
Villa were attracting large crowds; the club could regularly expect 25,000 people to attend home games at a time when the FA Cup Final would attract only about 20,000. With poor spectator facilities and an uneven pitch, the Wellington Road ground was increasingly unsuitable, and in 1897, the year the club won the League and FA Cup Double, Villa\'s financial secretary Rinder negotiated the purchase of their current home ground, the Aston Lower Grounds. Villa achieved back-to-back league titles again in 1898-99 and 1899--1900, in the latter season Billy Garraty became the top goalscorer in world football scoring a total 30 goals in 39 league and cup games. The name of Villa Park was not used until about 1900. It came about through fan usage and no official declaration was made that listed the name as Villa Park. The ground was not purchased outright until 1911.
Villa began the 20th century as champions but the gap that distinguished them from their competitors was diminishing. Football in England was becoming more competitive as more teams formed. Villa did remain a significant force in the game though. Despite a run of four victories at the start of the 1900--01 season, Villa finished fourth from bottom. In the 1902--03 season Villa won 12 of their last 15 games to finish only one point behind champions Sheffield Wednesday. In 1905, Villa won the FA Cup for the fourth time with a then record crowd of 101,117 watching the match at Crystal Palace, where Villa beat Newcastle United 2--0. In the same season, Villa finished fourth and this helped to boost the coffers at the club. After the success of 1905, Villa went through a barren patch and it was not until the 1909--10 season that Villa threatened to regain the title. In that season, they beat the reigning champions Manchester United 7--1. Villa won the championship for the first time in 10 years to take a then record, sixth title. The 1910--11 season was very close and the title was decided on the last day of the season when Villa lost to Liverpool and Manchester United beat Sunderland to take the title. The following season, Villa finished sixth. Yet in 1913, Villa won the FA Cup for a then record-equalling fifth time. By the end of what was to be called Villa\'s golden era, when the First World War began, the club had won the League Championship six times and the FA Cup five times. This included the League and Cup Double in 1896--97, a feat which would not be repeated for more than 60 years.
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# History of Aston Villa F.C. (1874–1961)
## Inter-war years {#inter_war_years}
Football resumed after the war for the 1919--20 season and Villa won their sixth FA Cup at the end of season, beating Huddersfield Town 1--0 at Stamford Bridge. In November 1923, Villa\'s centre-half Tommy Ball was killed by his neighbour, thus becoming the only active Football League player to have been murdered. In their Golden Jubilee season of 1923--24, Villa got through to the second final to be held at the then new Wembley Stadium, where they lost 2--0 to Newcastle United. This Cup final was to be something of a pinnacle though as Villa then had League finishes of sixth and tenth in the following seasons. The Directors attempted to stop the slump with transfer dealings. In 1927, they bought both Jimmy Gibson and Eric Houghton. In 1928, they bought in one of the most prolific goalscorers to have ever played in the English football league. When Villa signed Tranmere Rovers striker Tom Waring for £4,700, he was relatively unknown. Waring scored a record 49 league goals in the 1930--31 season as Villa finished runners-up to Arsenal. One of the other purchases, Eric Houghton, scored 30 goals.
The team were playing well and scoring many goals. In the 1933--34 season, Villa had no fewer than fourteen full internationals and they continued to challenge for honours being second in the League in 1933. Yet this success did not last and the complacency at Villa Park led to a slump in form. This slump culminated in their relegation from the first tier of English football for the first time in their history in the 1935--36 season. The relegation coincided with the decision to appoint their first manager. Before the 1935--36 season, the team had been appointed by a committee and the team was coached by a \"secretary\" to the committee. The relegation though was largely due a dismal defensive record, they conceded 110 goals, 7 of them coming from Arsenal\'s Ted Drake in a 1--7 defeat at Villa Park. Villa came ninth in their first season in the Second tier of English football but they were crowned Second Division Champions in 1937--38 under the guidance of Jimmy Hogan. By the outbreak of the Second World War, Aston Villa were back in the top-flight of English football.
Their Aston Villa reserves (or seconds) team enlisted in the army and were captured at the Dunkirk evacuation in June 1940. In December in an Eastern German camp, a German Guard regiment challenged British prisoners of war to a game of football; the guards were being defeated 27--0 when they stopped the game, only then learning these prisoners were Aston Villa\'s second team.
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# History of Aston Villa F.C. (1874–1961)
## Post-war rebuilding {#post_war_rebuilding}
For Villa, as with all English clubs, the Second World War brought about the loss of seven seasons, and several careers were brought to a premature end by the conflict. The first game played at Villa Park after the cessation of hostilities was against Middlesbrough and Villa lost 1--0 in front of a crowd of 50,000. Aston Villa went about rebuilding the team, under the guidance of former player Alex Massie for the remainder of the 1940s. Massie made some bold signings in his time with the club, the first of which was 23-year-old Wales international Trevor Ford, who was bought from Swansea for £9,500 in 1946, when Villa finished eighth in the League. Ford would go on to score 60 times in his four seasons at Villa Park, before he was sold in the 1950--51 season to Sunderland for a then British record of £30,000 (£`{{formatnum:{{Inflation|UK|30000|1950|r=-5}}|0}}`{=mediawiki} today).
For the remainder of the 1940s and early 1950s, Massie continued to bring in new players whilst the team regularly had mid-table finishes. One of the more influential signings was Danny Blanchflower in 1951 for £15,000. Villa had a good start to the 1951--52 season when, after eight games, Villa were second behind Manchester United. This was their best start of the last 19 years, and they eventually finished in sixth place. After a mid-table finish in the 1952--53 season, the following season, saw the return of Eric Houghton, this time in a managerial capacity. One of his first actions was to introduce 19--year--old Peter McParland to the first team. His first season in charge ended with Villa in 13th place. Nevertheless, \"Houghton had done well to guide a transitional Villa team to a respectable position in the top flight.\" Under Houghton\'s stewardship, Villa won the 1957 FA Cup Final against Manchester United\'s celebrated Busby Babes. Peter McParland scored both goals in a 2--1 victory, in a record-equalling ninth FA Cup final. It was Aston Villa\'s first trophy for 37 years.
## Fluctuating fortunes {#fluctuating_fortunes}
The success of the previous season proved to be something of a false dawn though, with the team finishing 14th, seven points above relegation. After refusing to resign, Eric Houghton was sacked when relegation seemed imminent in 1958--59. His successor Joe Mercer was unable to prevent the club being relegated in 1959, for only the second time in its history. The fact that Villa reached the semi-finals of the FA Cup only served to highlight the complacency that had set in at the club that led to Villa being relegated. Villa only spent one season in the Second Division, returning as Champions in 1960. The 1960--61 season was a successful one; it saw Villa reach the semi-finals of the FA Cup, finish ninth in the League, and win the inaugural League Cup. This was helped by the emergence of an exciting group of youth players, who became known as \"Mercer\'s Minors\"
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# Chipmunks à Go-Go
***Chipmunks à Go-Go*** is an album by Alvin and the Chipmunks and David Seville, released by Liberty Records in 1965, again in 1982, and on compact disc in 1990.
Early pressings of the album incorrectly list the song \"Sunshine, Lollipops and Rainbows\" as \"Sunshine, Lollipops and Roses\".
David Seville does not appear on the album, nor are there any incidents between Seville and the three Chipmunks. *Chipmunks à Go-Go* also marked the only occasion that Ross Bagdasarian did not provide the singing voices of the Chipmunks. Given the variety of musical styles covered, Bagdasarian opted to hire professional studio performers to handle vocal duties.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
\"Sunshine, Lollipops and Rainbows\" and \"The Race Is On\" were deleted for the 1982 re-release
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# The Goodbye People
***The Goodbye People*** is a play by Herb Gardner. The play had a brief run on Broadway in 1968 and was made into a film which was released in 1986.
## Plot
The dramedy focuses on elderly Max Silverman, who is determined to reopen the Coney Island Boardwalk hot dog stand he closed twenty-two years earlier for renovation, despite the fact he\'s recovering from a severe heart attack and it\'s the middle of February. He demands assistance from his daughter Nancy, who abandoned her husband, changed her name from Shirley, and had a nose job in an effort to assume a new and more exciting identity but has come to realize it takes more than a \$4,000 rhinoplasty to erase the past. Into their lives arrives neurotic Arthur Korman, who comes to the beach to watch the sunrise and forget he despises his career choice and inability to quit a job he hates. With the help of each other, the trio manages to jump start their individual dreams before tragedy intercedes.
## Productions
The play was first produced at the Berkshire Theatre in Stockbridge, Massachusetts. It was directed by Elaine May and starred Gene Saks, Zohra Lampert and Gabriel Dell. As May relates: \"\...it is not a special play about New York Jews. It is a quintessential play about America, about discounting the odds, about having hope with no evidence\...\"
The play premiered on Broadway at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre on December 3, 1968, and closed on December 7, 1968, after seven performances and 16 previews. Directed by Gardner, the cast included Milton Berle as Max Silverman, Brenda Vaccaro as Nancy Scott, Bob Dishy as Arthur Korman and Tony Lo Bianco as Max\'s attorney son Michael. Vaccaro was nominated for the 1969 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play.
The play was revived on Broadway, produced by Fritz Holt and directed by Jeff Bleckner. It opened at the Belasco Theatre on April 30, 1979, and closed on the same date, after one performance and sixteen previews. The cast included Herschel Bernardi as Max, Melanie Mayron as Nancy, Ron Rifkin as Arthur and Michael Tucker as Michael.
The play was presented at the Solari Theatre, Los Angeles, California, starting on January 2, 1979. Directed by Jeff Bleckner, the cast starred Peter Bonerz (Arthur), Herschel Bernardi (Max) and Patty Duke Astin (Nancy).
## Film
Gardner adapted his play for a feature film he also directed. The cast included Martin Balsam as Max, Pamela Reed as Nancy, and Judd Hirsch as Arthur, with Tucker reprising his stage role as Michael The film was finished in 1984, but because of a change in the distribution company, the film was not released until 1986. *The Goodbye People* has parallels to Gardner\'s life. \"He grew up near Coney Island, where the play and film are set, and his Uncle Max had a frankfurter stand on the boardwalk called Max\'s Busy Bee but offered a Hawaiian motif
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# Giro (company)
**Giro** is an American manufacturer of snow and cycling helmets; snow and mountain-biking goggles; cycling and mountain bike apparel and shoes; and softgoods for cycling, skiing and snowboarding. The company was founded in 1985 by Jim Gentes and was headquartered in Scotts Valley, California. It was acquired by Bell Sports in 1996.
Giro is now part of Revelyst and is based at Revelyst's offices in Irvine, CA. Giro and Bell Sports were previously owned by Vista Outdoor and had been purchased along with other brands for \$400 million in 2016. In 2023, Vista Outdoor announced that the facility in Scotts Valley, California that serves as the base for Giro would be closed. Numerous relevant employees were laid off. That action had part of a move by Vista Outdoor to integrate Giro into Fox Racing
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# Film temperature
In fluid thermodynamics, the **film temperature** (`{{mvar|T{{sub|f }}}}`{=mediawiki}) is an approximation of the temperature of a fluid inside a convection boundary layer. It is calculated as the arithmetic mean of the temperature at the surface of the solid boundary wall (`{{mvar|T{{sub|w}}}}`{=mediawiki}) and the free-stream temperature (`{{mvar|T{{sub|∞}}}}`{=mediawiki}):
$$T_f=\frac{T_w + T_\infty}{2}$$
The film temperature is often used as the temperature at which fluid properties are calculated when using the Prandtl number, Nusselt number, Reynolds number or Grashof number to calculate a heat transfer coefficient, because it is a reasonable first approximation to the temperature within the convection boundary layer.
Somewhat confusing terminology may be encountered in relation to boilers and heat exchangers, where the same term is used to refer to the limit (hot) temperature of a fluid in contact with a hot surface
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# Ballysax Stakes
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# John Shirlow
**John Alexander Thomas Shirlow** (13 December 1869 -- 22 June 1936) was an Australian artist.
Shirlow was born in Sunbury, Victoria, son of Robert Shirlow, a graduate of Trinity College, Dublin, who had come from Ireland and followed many occupations in the new land without much success. His mother was formerly Miss Rebecca Flanagan.
Shirlow was educated at various state schools and Scotch College, Melbourne, and went to work first at Haase Duffus and Company, printers, and then in 1889 with Sands and McDougall. He began attending evening classes at the National Gallery of Victoria Art School in 1890 and continued there for five years. Towards the end of his course, influenced largely by the Rembrandt and Whistler prints at the Melbourne national gallery, he began to practise etching. His difficulties were great for he had to make his own press and correct his own mistakes. His first plate was etched in 1895 and he continued his craft until the end of his life. Most of his work is pure etching, but he did a few aquatints and mezzotints.
In 1913 Shirlow joined the electric supply department of the Melbourne City Council, he had studied electricity at the Melbourne technical school, and he also began to act as an examiner in drawing for the public examinations of the University of Melbourne. In 1917 a small volume, \'Etchings by John Shirlow\', with reproductions of 25 of his plates was published at Sydney, and had a large sale. This was followed in 1920 by \'The Etched Work of John Shirlow\', with a biography, by R. H. Croll, and a chronological list of 89 of his prints. In 1920, with Albert Henry Fullwood, he co-founded the Australian Painter-Etchers\' Society. In 1922 he was made a trustee of the public library, museums and national gallery of Victoria, and soon afterwards became drawing master at Scotch College, Melbourne. In 1932 he published \'Perspective\', a textbook for the use of schools. He died at home in the Melbourne suburb of Caulfield. He married in 1895, Grace Nixon, who survived him with four children. A bronze head of Shirlow by Charles Web Gilbert is in the trustees\' room at the national gallery, Melbourne.
Shirlow was a man of medium height with a fine rugged head and strong prejudices. He was interested in music and literature and did a fair amount of journalism on artistic subjects. In his etchings he was not a great draughtsman, but his buildings are solidly drawn and his masses well arranged. He was less successful in his figure work. He is represented at the British Museum, the national galleries of Melbourne, Sydney, Adelaide and Perth, and at Stockholm, Bendigo, Geelong and Castlemaine. The finest collection is at the Mitchell Library, Sydney, which has practically all of his important prints. Though a few earlier men had experimented in etching, Shirlow will always be remembered as the first man in Australia to do work in this medium with any distinction.
## Exhibitions
- 1931, 3 November -- 17 December: Group show with Allan Jordan, Esther Paterson and Charles Nuttall. Fine Art Galleries, Melbourne
- 1934, to 29 September: Newman Gallery; group show with sixteen other exhibitors, including Allan Jordan, Victor Cobb, Oscar Binder, J. C. Goodhart, Sydney Ure Smith, Jessie C. Traill, Harold Herbert, John C. Goodchild, Cyril Dillon and Charles Nuttall
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# Sammy Davis Jr. Sings the Complete "Dr. Dolittle"
***Sammy Davis Jr. Sings the Complete \"Dr. Dolittle\"*** is a 1967 studio album by Sammy Davis Jr., of songs from the 1967 musical *Doctor Dolittle*.
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"My Friend the Doctor\" -- 2:53
2. \"Beautiful Things\" -- 4:46
3. \"Fabulous Places\" -- 2:31
4. \"I\'ve Never Seen Anything Like It\" -- 2:04
5. \"Where Are the Words\" -- 2:53
6. \"At the Crossroads\" -- 2:18
7. \"Doctor Dolittle\" -- 2:00
8. \"Something in Your Smile\" -- 4:08
9. \"I Think I Like You\" -- 2:57
10. \"When I Look in Your Eyes\" -- 3:10
11. \"After Today\" -- 2:23
12. \"Talk to the Animals\" -- 2:55
All songs written by Leslie Bricusse.
## Personnel
Recorded June 28 and 29 1967, Olympic Studios Barnes, London:
- Sammy Davis Jr
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# Stein (Lassing)
**Stein** (`{{IPA|de|ʃtaɪn|-|De-Stein2.ogg}}`{=mediawiki}) is a village in the Austrian state of Styria in the administrative district of Liezen. It is located in the valley of the river Enns, and is part of the municipality Lassing
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# Hansa-Brandenburg W.12
The **Hansa-Brandenburg W.12** was a biplane fighter floatplane built by the Hansa-Brandenburg Aircraft Company (*Hansa Brandenburgische Flugzeugwerke*) for the Imperial German Navy\'s (*Kaiserliche Marine*) Naval Air Service (*Marine-Fliegerabteilung*) during World War I. Six prototypes were ordered in 1916 and deliveries began the following year. The W.12s served on the Western Front, based at the naval air bases in Occupied Belgium and along the German Bight. The aircraft was successful, and one shot down the British airship C.27.
In 1919 the government of the Netherlands bought a licence to build the aircraft. 35 W.12s were subsequently manufactured by the Van Berkel company of Rotterdam as the **W-A**, serving with the Dutch Naval Aviation Service until 1934.
## Design and development {#design_and_development}
The W.12 was designed by the company\'s chief designer, Ernst Heinkel, as a two-seat biplane fighter floatplane to protect the Naval Air Service\'s air bases. Aviation historian Peter M. Grosz states that Heinkel may have been influenced by design work done in Austria-Hungary by companies that shared an owner with Hansa-Brandenburg, Camillo Castiglioni.
## Operational history {#operational_history}
Oberleutnant Friedrich Christiansen shot down the non-rigid airship C.27 on 11 December 1917 for his fourth aerial victory.
### Dutch service {#dutch_service}
After suffering an engine failure, a W.12 made an emergency landing south of Rottum Island in the Netherlands on 22 April 1918 and it was recovered by the Royal Netherlands Navy. After repairs it was flight tested by the head of the Naval Aviation Service, Luitenant ter zee der 1ste klasse D. Vreede who was impressed with its performance. It was purchased from the Imperial German Navy and became the pattern aircraft for the Van Berkel W-A after the Naval Aviation Service purchased a license for the W.12. It placed an order for 35 W-A floatplanes with industrialist Wilhelmus van Berkel on 15 November 1918 even though van Berkel lacked any experience with building aircraft. The Dutch initially planned on using 200 PS Hispano engines, also built by van Berkel, but they were poorly manufactured and had to be replaced by used 180 PS Mercedes D.IIIaü engines purchased in Germany. The last of the W-As were withdrawn from service in 1934.
## Variants
- **W.12** : German Navy model. 146 built.
- **Van Berkel W-A** : Dutch licence-built W.12, with Mercedes D.IIIaü engine. 35 built.
## Operators
- - Kaiserliche Marine
- - Dutch Naval Aviation Service
## Specifications (W.12) {#specifications_w
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# WTPS (AM)
**WTPS** (1240 kHz) is a classic hip hop formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Petersburg, Virginia, serving Metro Petersburg. WTPS is owned and operated by Urban One. The station\'s studios and offices are located just north of Richmond proper on Emerywood Parkway in Petersburg.
The station has broadcast the sports programming of WXGI Richmond since Urban One\'s purchase of that station on May 1, 2017, in order to give WXGI a metro Richmond FM signal.
On April 19, 2021, WTPS changed their format from sports to classic hip hop, branded as \"The Box\".
## Translator
On July 9, 2016, WTPS began relaying its signal on an FM translator to widen its broadcast area. The translator is fed by WCDX-HD2. `{{RadioTranslators
| call1 = W274BX
| freq1 = 102
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# Ardan (horse)
**Ardan** (1941--1959) was a French Thoroughbred racehorse. In a racing career which lasted from 1943 until 1946 he ran twenty-three times and won sixteen races. He was the leading racehorse in France in 1944 when his wins included the Prix du Jockey Club and the Prix de l\'Arc de Triomphe. He was retired to stud at the end of the 1946 season and had limited success as a stallion.
## Background
He was bred and owned by Marcel Boussac, the very prominent French horseman and owner of fashion house, House of Dior. He was sired by Boussac\'s stallion Pharis, a horse that *Thoroughbred Heritage* says is \"considered one of the greatest French-bred runners of the century\". Ardan\'s dam, Adargatis, was by Asterus who had been a six-time Leading Sire of Broodmares in France. Pardal (1947), who won the Jockey Club Stakes and five other good races was a full brother to Ardan.
Ardan was trained by Charles Semblat, a champion jockey who became one of the most successful horse trainers in French racing history and the last France-based trainer to ever win the British trainers\' championship.
## Racing career {#racing_career}
At age two, the colt won the 1943 Prix Robert Papin, one of France\'s important races for Two-Year-Olds. The following year, he was the dominant horse in the country. Under regular jockey Jacques Doyasbère he won seven major races in 1944, including the Grand Prix de Paris in which he was then disqualified and set back to third. The highlight of his campaign were wins in the Prix du Jockey Club at Chantilly Racecourse and the Prix de l\'Arc de Triomphe held that year at Hippodrome du Tremblay.
In 1945, Ardan continued to win important races including the Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud and in the Prix de l\'Arc de Triomphe, ran second to the great filly Nikellora. Raced in 1946 at age five, Ardan won his second consecutive Prix Kergorlay and at Epsom Downs in England, he won the Group One Coronation Cup. He also finished second in the Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud and in the only time he was ever unplaced in his career, finished fourth in that year\'s Prix de l\'Arc de Triomphe.
## Stud career {#stud_career}
Retired at the end of the 1946 racing season, Ardan stood at stud at Marcel Boussac\'s Haras de Fresnay-le-Buffard in Neuvy-au-Houlme in Orne. Three years later he was bought for \$400,000 by Leslie Combs II and sent to one of America\'s preeminent breeding operations, Spendthrift Farm in Lexington, Kentucky. While Ardan\'s offspring won a number of Conditions / Stakes races, none achieved his level of success. One of his best horses was Hard Sauce who was a six furlong specialist and the sire of Hard Tack and Hard Ridden (Epsom Derby). Ardan suffered from heart problems and died at Spendthrift in 1959
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# Rivet High School (Vincennes, Indiana)
**Jean Francois Rivet High School**, **Vincennes Rivet High School**, or simply **Rivet High School** (within Vincennes) is a private, Roman Catholic high school in Vincennes, Indiana. It is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Evansville.
## Background
In 1924, the Gibault High School was built for Catholic males. It closed in 1935 but was reopened in 1947 as Central Catholic High School. Central Catholic became co-educational during the 1970--71 school year when it was joined with the all-female St. Rose Academy. The name was changed to Rivet High School, in honor of Jesuit priest Jean Francois Rivet who in 1795 had been paid by President Washington to run a school in Vincennes, the first public school established in the Indiana Territory
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# Santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi
**Santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi** is a Renaissance-style Roman Catholic church and a former convent located in Borgo Pinti in central Florence, Italy.
## History
The *Pazzi* name was added after the Carmelite order nun Maria Maddalena de\' Pazzi, canonized in 1669, whose family patronized the church. The original convent had been dedicated to Saint Mary Magdalene *delle Convertite*, the patron of once fallen, now converted women. The Cistercian order from Badia a Settimo took control of the site in 1332 and moved to it in 1442, while the convent was transferred to San Donato in Polverosa. However, the church and chapter house were rebuilt between 1481 and 1500, with initial designs in 1492 by Giuliano da Sangallo.
The 13th-century interiors were redecorated in the 17th and early 18th centuries, which removed the altarpieces by masters such as Botticelli, Perugino, Lorenzo di Credi, Domenico Ghirlandaio, and Raffaellino del Garbo. They were replaced by new ones from minor masters such as Carlo Portelli, Alfonso Boschi, Domenico Puligo, Santi di Tito, and Francesco Curradi. In the chapter house is a fresco divided into three lunettes of the *Crucifixion and Saints* (1493--1496) by Pietro Perugino, commissioned by Dionisio and Giovanna Pucci.
The first chapel to the right of the entrance is the Cappella del Giglio (Chapel of Saint Mary of the Lily), frescoed with depictions of Saints Philip Neri, Bernard, Nereus and Achilleus by the studio of Bernardino Poccetti, with an altarpiece by Domenico Passignano. The fourth chapel on the right has a stained glass window by Isabella, the daughter of Georges Henri Rouault. The choir chapel originally contained a fresco by Domenico Ghirlandaio but was rebuilt from 1685 to 1701 by Ciro Ferri and Pier Francesco Silvani. Ferri painted the altarpiece and Luca Giordano the flanking pieces. The statues of *Penitence* and *Faith* on the right were sculpted by Innocenzo Spinazzi, and those of *Innocence* and *Religion* on the left by Giovanni Monatauti. The bronze reliefs on the altar were made by Massimiliano Soldani-Benzi.
The interior also contains works by Giovanni and Cosimo Bizzelli, Jacopo Chiavistelli, Ottavio Vannini, Cosimo Rosselli, Cosimo Gamberucci, Leonardo del Tasso, Giuseppe Servolini, and Giuseppe Piattoli.
## Gallery
<File:Ciro> ferri, Vergine e santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi, 1684, 04.JPG\|*Virgin and Saint* (detail) by Ciro Ferri <File:Ciro> ferri, Vergine e santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi, 1684, 05.JPG\|*Virgin and Saint* (detail) <File:Luca> giordano, Gesu e santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi, 1685, 02.JPG\|*Jesus and Saint* by Luca Giordano <File:Luca> giordano, Vergine presenta il Bambino a santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi, 1685, 04.JPG\|*Virgin Presenting the Christ Child* by Luca Giordano <File:Giovan> Battista Cipriani, Comunione di santa Maria Maddalena dei Pazzi (1754) 01.JPG\|*Communion* by Giovanni Battista Cipriani <File:Natività> della Vergine di Giovanni Stradano, 1583 (2).JPG\|*Nativity of the Virgin* by Stradanus <File:L'Adorazione> dei pastori di Giovanni Stradano, 1583
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# Wendo Kolosoy
**Antoine Wendo Kolosoy** (April 25, 1925 -- July 28, 2008), known as **Papa Wendo**, was a Congolese musician. He is considered the \"doyen\" of Congolese rumba, a musical style blending traditional Kongolese rhythm and son cubano.
## Biography
### Early life {#early_life}
Wendo was born in 1925 in Mushie territory, Mai-Ndombe District of western Congo, then under Belgian colonial rule. His father died when he was seven, and his mother, a singer herself, died shortly thereafter. He was taken to live in an orphanage run by the Society of the Missionaries of Africa, and remained there until he was 12 or 13, expelled when the fathers disapproved of the lyrics of his songs. Wendo began playing guitar and performing at age 11.
Kolosoy became a professional singer almost by chance after having worked also as a boxer, sailor and longshoreman in Congo, Cameroon and Senegal. From 13 Wendo traveled as a worker on the Congo River ferries, and entertained passengers on the long trips. Between 1941 and 1946 he traveled as a sometime professional boxer, as far from home as Dakar, Senegal.
### Stage name {#stage_name}
His birthname was Antoine Kalosoyi (also spelled Nkolosoyi), which he eventually regularised to Kolosoy. Later he was called \"*Windsor*\" (a homage to the Duke of Windsor and a play on the British Royalty theme of his band \"Victoria Kin\") which evolved into \"*Wendo Sor*\" and simply \"*Sor*\". He is most widely known as **Wendo** or **Papa Wendo**.
### \"Father\" of Congolese Rumba {#father_of_congolese_rumba}
In the mid-1940s, he began playing guitar around the capital Kinshasa (then Leopoldville) with his Cuban style band Victoria Bakolo Miziki. He had met Nicolas Jéronimidis, a Greek businessman, on a steamer returning to Leopoldville from Dakar in 1946, and in 1947 Jéronimidis agreed to record Wendo\'s music for his new Leopoldville based record label Ngoma.
#### Victoria Kin Orchestra {#victoria_kin_orchestra}
Imitating the bandleader Paul Kamba, Wendo and Me Taureau Bateko created the \"Victoria Kin\" orchestra, which later became \"Victoria Bakolo Miziki\", recording for Ngoma, but also other Congolese labels. Fronted by Wendo\'s echoing and soaring vocals, the group was also famous for its dancers, called \"*La reine politesse*\" directed by Germaine Ngongolo.
Wendo and Victoria Bakolo Miziki released their first full record in 1949, \"*Mabele ya mama*\" which Wendo dedicated to his late mother.
#### *Marie-Louise* {#marie_louise}
His first international hit, in 1948, was \"*Marie-Louise*\", co-written with guitarist Henri Bowane. Through the publicity of \"Radio Congolia\", along with the controversy which followed the song (a back-and-forth between Wendo and Henri over Wendo\'s pursuit of a girl, thwarted by Henri\'s wealth, with salacious undertones), the song became a success throughout West Africa. With its success came trouble: the song had \"satanic\" powers attributed to it by Catholic religious leaders. Stories from the time even claimed that the song, if played at midnight, could raise the dead. The furor drove Wendo out of Kinshasa, and resulted in a brief imprisonment by the Belgian authorities in Stanleyville and his excommunication from the Catholic Church. The combination of African lyrics and vocals with Afro-Cuban rhythms and instrumentation (particularly son cubano) spawned one of the most successful Congolese rumba. Wendo\'s time on the ferries also contributed to his success as one of the first \"national\" artists of the DRC: he learned the music of the ethnic groups up and down the river, and later sang not only in his native tongue of Kikongo, but also in fluent Lingala and Swahili.
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