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# Charnay-lès-Mâcon
**Charnay-lès-Mâcon** (`{{IPA|fr|ʃaʁnɛ lɛ makɔ̃}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Charnay near Mâcon*; *Chârnê*) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France
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# Endrio Leoni
**Endrio Leoni** (born 22 August 1968 in Dolo) is a retired road bicycle racer from Italy, who was a professional rider from 1990 to 2002. He only served teams from his native country. Leoni twice won the Scheldeprijs (2000 and 2001)
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11,099,262 |
# Henk van Woerden
**Henk van Woerden** (`{{IPA|nl|ˈɦɛŋk fɑɱ ˈʋuːrdə(n)}}`{=mediawiki}; 6 December 1947 -- 16 November 2005) was a Dutch painter and writer with close ties to South Africa.
## Biography
He was born in Leiden. In 1956 he emigrated with his family to Cape Town, South Africa. Van Woerden matriculated in 1964 at the Fine Arts faculty of the University of Cape Town. After three years he broke off his studies and moved to Amsterdam.
After extensive travelling in Europe, and a stay on Crete, he started his artistic career first as painter based in the Dutch capital. He received the Royal Award for Painting in 1980, and represented the country at international exhibitions.
In the 80\'s the focus of his artistic work shifted to writing. The first books are part of his South African trilogy, beginning with *Moenie kyk nie* (Don\'t Look, 1993) and *Tikoes* (1996). Followed by *Een mond vol Glas* (1998) which found critical acclaim by renowned South African writers as Breyten Breytenbach, J.M. Coetzee or André Brink, and won the 2001 Alan Paton Award. It is a biography of Dimitri Tsafendas who assassinated South African president Dr Hendrik Verwoerd, in the House of Assembly in 1966, was declared insane, and held in prison until he died in 1999. In 2000 Dan Jacobson edited and translated the book into English as *A Mouthful of Glass* or *The assassin: a story of race and rage in the land of Apartheid* (American edition). *A Mouthful of Glass* was later used as the basis for the 2003 stage play *I.D.*
This trilogy was followed by *Notities van een luchtfietser* (Notes from an Air Cyclist, 2002), about travelling in realty as in the mind, and *Ultramarijn* (Ultramarine, 2005) which would turn out to be his last work.
His books have been translated into more than ten languages.
Henk van Woerden died in November 2005 of a heart attack in Ann Arbor, Michigan, where he stayed as Writer-in-Residence for the University of Michigan
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# Benjamin Nicaise
**Benjamin Nicaise** (born 28 September 1980) is a retired French footballer
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Benjamin Nicaise
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# 1972–73 French Division 1
FC Nantes won **Division 1 season 1972/1973** of the French Association Football League with 55 points.
## Participating teams {#participating_teams}
- AC Ajaccio
- Angers SCO
- SEC Bastia
- Bordeaux
- Olympique Lyonnais
- Olympique de Marseille
- FC Metz
- AS Nancy
- FC Nantes
- OGC Nice
- Nîmes Olympique
- Paris FC
- Red Star Paris
- Stade de Reims
- Stade Rennais FC
- AS Saint-Etienne
- CS Sedan
- FC Sochaux-Montbéliard
- RC Strasbourg
- US Valenciennes-Anzin
## League table {#league_table}
{{#invoke:sports table\|main\|style=WDL \|res_col_header=QR \|winpoints=2
\|team1=NAN\|name_NAN=Nantes \|team2=NIC\|name_NIC=Nice \|team3=OM \|name_OM =Marseille \|team4=STE\|name_STE=Saint-Étienne \|team5=ANG\|name_ANG=Angers \|team6=NAL\|name_NAL=Nancy \|team7=NMS\|name_NMS=Nîmes \|team8=REI\|name_REI=Reims \|team9=BAS\|name_BAS=Bastia \|team10=REN\|name_REN=Rennes \|team11=SOC\|name_SOC=Sochaux \|team12=PAR\|name_PAR=Paris FC \|team13=OL \|name_OL =Lyon \|team14=BOR\|name_BOR=Bordeaux \|team15=MET\|name_MET=Metz \|team16=RCS\|name_RCS=Strasbourg \|team17=SED\|name_SED=Sedan \|team18=VAL\|name_VAL=Valenciennes \|team19=RED\|name_RED=Red Star \|team20=ACA\|name_ACA=Ajaccio \|win_NAN=23\|draw_NAN=9\|loss_NAN=6\|gf_NAN=67\|ga_NAN=31\|status_NAN=C \|win_NIC=20\|draw_NIC=10\|loss_NIC=8\|gf_NIC=70\|ga_NIC=44 \|win_OM =19\|draw_OM =10\|loss_OM =9\|gf_OM =64\|ga_OM =37 \|win_STE=18\|draw_STE=10\|loss_STE=10\|gf_STE=64\|ga_STE=47 \|win_ANG=16\|draw_ANG=11\|loss_ANG=11\|gf_ANG=52\|ga_ANG=47 \|win_NAL=16\|draw_NAL=10\|loss_NAL=12\|gf_NAL=59\|ga_NAL=47 \|win_NMS=16\|draw_NMS=10\|loss_NMS=12\|gf_NMS=48\|ga_NMS=39 \|win_REI=15\|draw_REI=11\|loss_REI=12\|gf_REI=50\|ga_REI=47 \|win_BAS=15\|draw_BAS=8\|loss_BAS=15\|gf_BAS=59\|ga_BAS=41 \|win_REN=14\|draw_REN=10\|loss_REN=14\|gf_REN=46\|ga_REN=53 \|win_SOC=12\|draw_SOC=13\|loss_SOC=13\|gf_SOC=56\|ga_SOC=54 \|win_PAR=13\|draw_PAR=10\|loss_PAR=15\|gf_PAR=54\|ga_PAR=58 \|win_OL =14\|draw_OL =7\|loss_OL =17\|gf_OL =62\|ga_OL =67 \|win_BOR=12\|draw_BOR=11\|loss_BOR=15\|gf_BOR=49\|ga_BOR=55 \|win_MET=13\|draw_MET=9\|loss_MET=16\|gf_MET=44\|ga_MET=52 \|win_RCS=9\|draw_RCS=12\|loss_RCS=17\|gf_RCS=42\|ga_RCS=62 \|win_SED=11\|draw_SED=8\|loss_SED=19\|gf_SED=49\|ga_SED=71 \|win_VAL=9\|draw_VAL=10\|loss_VAL=19\|gf_VAL=37\|ga_VAL=51\|status_VAL=R \|win_RED=7\|draw_RED=14\|loss_RED=17\|gf_RED=38\|ga_RED=58\|status_RED=R \|win_ACA=7\|draw_ACA=9\|loss_ACA=22\|gf_ACA=40\|ga_ACA=89\|status_ACA=R \|col_EC=green1\|text_EC=Qualification to European Cup first round \|result1=EC \|col_UC=blue1\|text_UC=Qualification to UEFA Cup first round \|result2=UC\|result3=UC \|col_CWC=yellow1\|text_CWC=Qualification to Cup Winners\' Cup first round \|note_res_CWC=Lyon qualified for 1973--74 European Cup Winners\' Cup as winners of the 1972--73 Coupe de France. \|result13=CWC \|col_R=red1\|text_R=Relegation to French Division 2 \|result18=R\|result19=R\|result20=R \|class_rules=1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.\
Victory: 2 points, Draw: 1 point, Defeat: 0 points \|update=complete \|source=[Footballdatabase.eu](https://www.footballdatabase.eu/en/competition/overall/120-division_1/1972-1973) }} Promoted from Division 2, who will play in Division 1 season 1973/1974
- RC Lens: Champion of Division 2, winner of Division 2 group A
- Troyes AF: Runner-up, winner of Division 2 group B
- AS Monaco: Third place, winner of barrages
## Results
{{#invoke:sports results\|main \|matches_style=FBR\|solid_cell=grey \|team1=ACA\|team2=ANG\|team3=BAS\|team4=BOR\|team5=OL \|team6=OM\|team7=MET\|team8=NAL\|team9=NAN\|team10=NIC \|team11=NMS\|team12=PFC\|team13=RS\|team14=REI\|team15=REN \|team16=STE\|team17=SED\|team18=SOC\|team19=RCS\|team20=VAL
\|name_ACA=Ajaccio \|match_ACA_ANG=1--1 \|match_ACA_BAS=0--1 \|match_ACA_BOR=2--2 \|match_ACA_OL=4--3 \|match_ACA_OM=1--0 \|match_ACA_MET=0--0 \|match_ACA_NAL=2--2 \|match_ACA_NAN=1--1 \|match_ACA_NIC=0--3 \|match_ACA_NMS=1--1 \|match_ACA_PFC=2--1 \|match_ACA_RS=2--2 \|match_ACA_REI=2--3 \|match_ACA_REN=2--3 \|match_ACA_STE=2--0 \|match_ACA_SED=2--1 \|match_ACA_SOC=2--0 \|match_ACA_RCS=0--2 \|match_ACA_VAL=3--1
\|name_ANG=Angers \|match_ANG_ACA=4--0 \|match_ANG_BAS=3--0 \|match_ANG_BOR=3--1 \|match_ANG_OL=1--0 \|match_ANG_OM=0--2 \|match_ANG_MET=3--2 \|match_ANG_NAL=0--0 \|match_ANG_NAN=1--0 \|match_ANG_NIC=0--0 \|match_ANG_NMS=0--1 \|match_ANG_PFC=1--1 \|match_ANG_RS=1--0 \|match_ANG_REI=1--1 \|match_ANG_REN=0--2 \|match_ANG_STE=2--0 \|match_ANG_SED=2--2 \|match_ANG_SOC=1--0 \|match_ANG_RCS=1--0 \|match_ANG_VAL=5--1
\|name_BAS=Bastia \|match_BAS_ACA=1--0 \|match_BAS_ANG=2--0 \|match_BAS_BOR=1--1 \|match_BAS_OL=1--1 \|match_BAS_OM=0--0 \|match_BAS_MET=4--0 \|match_BAS_NAL=3--1 \|match_BAS_NAN=0--0 \|match_BAS_NIC=3--0 \|match_BAS_NMS=3--0 \|match_BAS_PFC=1--0 \|match_BAS_RS=3--0 \|match_BAS_REI=1--1 \|match_BAS_REN=4--0 \|match_BAS_STE=3--3 \|match_BAS_SED=3--0 \|match_BAS_SOC=3--1 \|match_BAS_RCS=3--0 \|match_BAS_VAL=2--0
\|name_BOR=Bordeaux \|match_BOR_ACA=3--0 \|match_BOR_ANG=1--2 \|match_BOR_BAS=1--1 \|match_BOR_OL=1--0 \|match_BOR_OM=2--1 \|match_BOR_MET=2--0 \|match_BOR_NAL=3--1 \|match_BOR_NAN=2--1 \|match_BOR_NIC=0--1 \|match_BOR_NMS=0--1 \|match_BOR_PFC=0--1 \|match_BOR_RS=1--1 \|match_BOR_REI=2--0 \|match_BOR_REN=1--1 \|match_BOR_STE=1--1 \|match_BOR_SED=6--1 \|match_BOR_SOC=1--1 \|match_BOR_RCS=2--1 \|match_BOR_VAL=2--0
\|name_OL=Lyon \|match_OL_ACA=1--0 \|match_OL_ANG=2--1 \|match_OL_BAS=2--0 \|match_OL_BOR=0--1 \|match_OL_OM=4--4 \|match_OL_MET=3--0 \|match_OL_NAL=2--2 \|match_OL_NAN=2--4 \|match_OL_NIC=1--2 \|match_OL_NMS=1--0 \|match_OL_PFC=5--2 \|match_OL_RS=1--2 \|match_OL_REI=1--1 \|match_OL_REN=3--1 \|match_OL_STE=2--0 \|match_OL_SED=1--2 \|match_OL_SOC=2--0 \|match_OL_RCS=4--0 \|match_OL_VAL=1--0
\|name_OM=Marseille \|match_OM_ACA=3--0 \|match_OM_ANG=3--2 \|match_OM_BAS=1--0 \|match_OM_BOR=1--1 \|match_OM_OL=5--2 \|match_OM_MET=5--0 \|match_OM_NAL=0--0 \|match_OM_NAN=1--0 \|match_OM_NIC=1--1 \|match_OM_NMS=1--2 \|match_OM_PFC=0--0 \|match_OM_RS=3--0 \|match_OM_REI=3--1 \|match_OM_REN=3--0 \|match_OM_STE=3--1 \|match_OM_SED=0--1 \|match_OM_SOC=1--1 \|match_OM_RCS=3--1 \|match_OM_VAL=1--0
\|name_MET=Metz \|match_MET_ACA=7--0 \|match_MET_ANG=2--0 \|match_MET_BAS=3--2 \|match_MET_BOR=1--1 \|match_MET_OL=2--2 \|match_MET_OM=2--0 \|match_MET_NAL=1--0 \|match_MET_NAN=0--2 \|match_MET_NIC=1--0 \|match_MET_NMS=0--1 \|match_MET_PFC=0--1 \|match_MET_RS=3--0 \|match_MET_REI=1--2 \|match_MET_REN=2--1 \|match_MET_STE=1--2 \|match_MET_SED=4--2 \|match_MET_SOC=2--1 \|match_MET_RCS=1--1 \|match_MET_VAL=1--1
\|name_NAL=Nancy \|match_NAL_ACA=2--1 \|match_NAL_ANG=0--0 \|match_NAL_BAS=3--2 \|match_NAL_BOR=2--1 \|match_NAL_OL=4--1 \|match_NAL_OM=1--0 \|match_NAL_MET=0--2 \|match_NAL_NAN=1--1 \|match_NAL_NIC=3--0 \|match_NAL_NMS=2--1 \|match_NAL_PFC=1--2 \|match_NAL_RS=2--1 \|match_NAL_REI=3--0 \|match_NAL_REN=4--0 \|match_NAL_STE=4--0 \|match_NAL_SED=1--1 \|match_NAL_SOC=4--2 \|match_NAL_RCS=2--1 \|match_NAL_VAL=1--1
\|name_NAN=Nantes \|match_NAN_ACA=6--1 \|match_NAN_ANG=2--0 \|match_NAN_BAS=1--0 \|match_NAN_BOR=3--0 \|match_NAN_OL=3--0 \|match_NAN_OM=1--2 \|match_NAN_MET=0--0 \|match_NAN_NAL=2--1 \|match_NAN_NIC=2--2 \|match_NAN_NMS=2--1 \|match_NAN_PFC=2--0 \|match_NAN_RS=3--1 \|match_NAN_REI=0--0 \|match_NAN_REN=1--0 \|match_NAN_STE=1--0 \|match_NAN_SED=1--0 \|match_NAN_SOC=4--3 \|match_NAN_RCS=6--2 \|match_NAN_VAL=1--0
\|name_NIC=Nice \|match_NIC_ACA=5--3 \|match_NIC_ANG=2--4 \|match_NIC_BAS=1--0 \|match_NIC_BOR=0--1 \|match_NIC_OL=2--2 \|match_NIC_OM=1--1 \|match_NIC_MET=6--0 \|match_NIC_NAL=1--0 \|match_NIC_NAN=3--0 \|match_NIC_NMS=2--0 \|match_NIC_PFC=3--2 \|match_NIC_RS=1--1 \|match_NIC_REI=2--2 \|match_NIC_REN=2--0 \|match_NIC_STE=1--1 \|match_NIC_SED=4--2 \|match_NIC_SOC=4--1 \|match_NIC_RCS=3--0 \|match_NIC_VAL=4--1
\|name_NMS=Nîmes \|match_NMS_ACA=2--1 \|match_NMS_ANG=2--2 \|match_NMS_BAS=2--1 \|match_NMS_BOR=2--0 \|match_NMS_OL=3--1 \|match_NMS_OM=1--1 \|match_NMS_MET=0--0 \|match_NMS_NAL=2--1 \|match_NMS_NAN=1--1 \|match_NMS_NIC=0--1 \|match_NMS_PFC=2--0 \|match_NMS_RS=1--1 \|match_NMS_REI=2--1 \|match_NMS_REN=1--1 \|match_NMS_STE=4--0 \|match_NMS_SED=2--1 \|match_NMS_SOC=3--0 \|match_NMS_RCS=3--0 \|match_NMS_VAL=1--1
\|name_PFC=Paris FC \|match_PFC_ACA=3--1 \|match_PFC_ANG=1--2 \|match_PFC_BAS=2--0 \|match_PFC_BOR=4--3 \|match_PFC_OL=5--1 \|match_PFC_OM=1--3 \|match_PFC_MET=1--3 \|match_PFC_NAL=3--2 \|match_PFC_NAN=1--2 \|match_PFC_NIC=2--0 \|match_PFC_NMS=3--1 \|match_PFC_RS=3--0 \|match_PFC_REI=0--0 \|match_PFC_REN=2--2 \|match_PFC_STE=1--1 \|match_PFC_SED=2--1 \|match_PFC_SOC=0--2 \|match_PFC_RCS=1--1 \|match_PFC_VAL=1--1
\|name_RS=Red Star \|match_RS_ACA=3--0 \|match_RS_ANG=1--2 \|match_RS_BAS=2--2 \|match_RS_BOR=3--1 \|match_RS_OL=0--1 \|match_RS_OM=1--2 \|match_RS_MET=1--0 \|match_RS_NAL=0--1 \|match_RS_NAN=1--3 \|match_RS_NIC=1--1 \|match_RS_NMS=1--1 \|match_RS_PFC=2--3 \|match_RS_REI=1--2 \|match_RS_REN=2--0 \|match_RS_STE=0--3 \|match_RS_SED=1--1 \|match_RS_SOC=3--3 \|match_RS_RCS=0--0 \|match_RS_VAL=1--0
\|name_REI=Reims \|match_REI_ACA=0--0 \|match_REI_ANG=3--2 \|match_REI_BAS=2--0 \|match_REI_BOR=3--1 \|match_REI_OL=2--1 \|match_REI_OM=2--1 \|match_REI_MET=0--0 \|match_REI_NAL=2--3 \|match_REI_NAN=2--1 \|match_REI_NIC=2--3 \|match_REI_NMS=0--1 \|match_REI_PFC=1--1 \|match_REI_RS=3--0 \|match_REI_REN=1--1 \|match_REI_STE=0--0 \|match_REI_SED=5--1 \|match_REI_SOC=1--0 \|match_REI_RCS=1--0 \|match_REI_VAL=1--0
\|name_REN=Rennes \|match_REN_ACA=1--1 \|match_REN_ANG=1--2 \|match_REN_BAS=2--1 \|match_REN_BOR=3--0 \|match_REN_OL=3--2 \|match_REN_OM=2--3 \|match_REN_MET=1--0 \|match_REN_NAL=4--1 \|match_REN_NAN=0--0 \|match_REN_NIC=1--0 \|match_REN_NMS=1--0 \|match_REN_PFC=2--1 \|match_REN_RS=1--1 \|match_REN_REI=1--0 \|match_REN_STE=2--2 \|match_REN_SED=1--1 \|match_REN_SOC=0--0 \|match_REN_RCS=1--0 \|match_REN_VAL=2--0
\|name_STE=Saint-Étienne \|match_STE_ACA=3--1 \|match_STE_ANG=5--0 \|match_STE_BAS=2--1 \|match_STE_BOR=6--2 \|match_STE_OL=1--1 \|match_STE_OM=2--1 \|match_STE_MET=1--0 \|match_STE_NAL=1--0 \|match_STE_NAN=1--2 \|match_STE_NIC=0--1 \|match_STE_NMS=3--1 \|match_STE_PFC=3--0 \|match_STE_RS=1--1 \|match_STE_REI=2--1 \|match_STE_REN=2--0 \|match_STE_SED=2--0 \|match_STE_SOC=2--2 \|match_STE_RCS=5--1 \|match_STE_VAL=3--2
\|name_SED=Sedan \|match_SED_ACA=5--0 \|match_SED_ANG=2--2 \|match_SED_BAS=2--1 \|match_SED_BOR=1--0 \|match_SED_OL=4--1 \|match_SED_OM=0--2 \|match_SED_MET=1--1 \|match_SED_NAL=1--0 \|match_SED_NAN=0--3 \|match_SED_NIC=0--5 \|match_SED_NMS=2--1 \|match_SED_PFC=3--1 \|match_SED_RS=0--1 \|match_SED_REI=2--0 \|match_SED_REN=2--3 \|match_SED_STE=1--3 \|match_SED_SOC=1--1 \|match_SED_RCS=0--0 \|match_SED_VAL=3--1
\|name_SOC=Sochaux \|match_SOC_ACA=4--0 \|match_SOC_ANG=1--1 \|match_SOC_BAS=3--2 \|match_SOC_BOR=0--0 \|match_SOC_OL=3--1 \|match_SOC_OM=1--2 \|match_SOC_MET=4--1 \|match_SOC_NAL=2--2 \|match_SOC_NAN=0--1 \|match_SOC_NIC=5--1 \|match_SOC_NMS=0--0 \|match_SOC_PFC=1--1 \|match_SOC_RS=1--0 \|match_SOC_REI=2--1 \|match_SOC_REN=2--1 \|match_SOC_STE=2--1 \|match_SOC_SED=1--0 \|match_SOC_RCS=1--1 \|match_SOC_VAL=3--0
\|name_RCS=Strasbourg \|match_RCS_ACA=6--0 \|match_RCS_ANG=0--0 \|match_RCS_BAS=0--4 \|match_RCS_BOR=2--2 \|match_RCS_OL=0--2 \|match_RCS_OM=1--1 \|match_RCS_MET=0--1 \|match_RCS_NAL=1--1 \|match_RCS_NAN=0--3 \|match_RCS_NIC=0--1 \|match_RCS_NMS=2--1 \|match_RCS_PFC=2--0 \|match_RCS_RS=2--2 \|match_RCS_REI=4--1 \|match_RCS_REN=2--1 \|match_RCS_STE=0--0 \|match_RCS_SED=2--1 \|match_RCS_SOC=4--2 \|match_RCS_VAL=1--1
\|name_VAL=Valenciennes \|match_VAL_ACA=3--2 \|match_VAL_ANG=3--0 \|match_VAL_BAS=1--0 \|match_VAL_BOR=3--0 \|match_VAL_OL=1--2 \|match_VAL_OM=1--0 \|match_VAL_MET=1--0 \|match_VAL_NAL=0--1 \|match_VAL_NAN=1--1 \|match_VAL_NIC=1--1 \|match_VAL_NMS=1--0 \|match_VAL_PFC=1--1 \|match_VAL_RS=0--0 \|match_VAL_REI=1--2 \|match_VAL_REN=2--0 \|match_VAL_STE=0--1 \|match_VAL_SED=5--1 \|match_VAL_SOC=0--0 \|match_VAL_RCS=1--2
\|update=complete \|source=[Footballdatabase.eu](https://www.footballdatabase
| 674 |
1972–73 French Division 1
| 0 |
11,099,319 |
# Surat Airport
**Surat Airport** `{{airport codes|STV|VASU}}`{=mediawiki} is an international airport serving Surat, Gujarat, India. It is located in Magdalla, situated 12 km (6.4 mi) from the city centre. It has a total area of 770 acres (312 ha) and is the second busiest airport in Gujarat after Ahmedabad, in terms of both aircraft movements and passenger traffic. It was awarded the status of a customs airport on 9 June 2018, and the cabinet approved the international status on 15 December 2023.
## History
The Government of Gujarat built the airport in the early 1970s. Safari Airways, owned by Vijaypat Singhania of the Raymond Group, operated regular services to Bombay and Bhavnagar using Douglas DC-3 aircraft in the 1970s. During the 1990s, Vayudoot and Gujarat Airways flew to Surat, but discontinued their flights in May 1994 and January 2000, respectively. The airport, with a 1400 m airstrip and an adjoining 60 x apron, was then transferred to the Airports Authority of India (AAI) in 2003, who began to modernise the airport. After a failed initial attempt in July 2004 to connect Surat with Mumbai and Bhavnagar due to poor airport infrastructure, the now-defunct airline Air Deccan operated an ATR-42 aircraft daily from November 2004 to July 2005.
In 2007, the airport\'s 1,400-metre-long runway was extended to 2,250 metres to enable the landing of larger aircraft. Subsequently, commercial services resumed on 6 May 2007, with an Indian Airlines Airbus A319 flight to Delhi flagged off by the former Minister of Civil Aviation, Praful Patel. However, in October 2007, the runway was reportedly damaged due to poor quality of work during its extension. As a result, a limitation was imposed on the runway not to allow more than two operations of aircraft weighing over 75,000 kg up to its rated capacity of 80,000 kg, until the runway was repaired.
In 2009, the AAI announced that the airport required 864 hectares of land, and the state government had allocated such land for the development. Planned improvements at the airport included a capacity to handle up to seven jets at a time and extending the runway to 3,810 metres. The extension work on the runway was scheduled to begin in 2009. The November 2014 collision of a buffalo with a SpiceJet Boeing 737 aircraft prompted the AAI to address safety issues at the airport and extend the runway from 2,250 metres to 2,905 metres, at a cost of `{{INR}}`{=mediawiki}500 million. The runway extension and repair were taken up in three phases. In the first phase, the runway was extended by 655 metres.
The adjoining concrete apron measures 235 by 90 metres, and is linked by two taxiways to its sole runway that is oriented 04/22. The runaway initially 2,250 metres long and 45 metres wide, was extended to 2,905 metres in 2017. The airfield is equipped with night landing facilities and an Instrument Landing System (ILS), as well as navigational facilities like DVOR/Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) and a Non-Directional Beacon (NDB).
| 497 |
Surat Airport
| 0 |
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# Surat Airport
## Terminal
### Integrated terminal {#integrated_terminal}
The new airport terminal building was inaugurated on 27 February 2009 by the former Union Minister of State for Petroleum, Dinsha Patel. The terminal building, constructed at the cost of `{{INR}}`{=mediawiki}400 million, has a total floor area of 8,500 sqm and can handle 240 passengers per hour. It is equipped with CCTV cameras, two baggage carousels in the arrivals hall, and one hand baggage X-ray machine, among other modern facilities, including two aerobridges with Visual Docking Guidance System (VDGS), two elevators, two escalators, and a 120-seat lounge. Coffee Culture and other shops have been added.
### Expanded terminal {#expanded_terminal}
The construction work for the expansion of the terminal started in March 2020. The budget for the project is ₹ 353 crore, and Prime Minister Narendra Modi inaugurated it on 17 December 2023. It has a total area of 25,520 m2. It is capable of handling 1,800 passengers (1,200 domestic and 600 international) during peak hours daily, with a provision of handling a further 3,000 passengers at peak hours, and 5.5 million passengers annually, an increase from the earlier 3.5 million passengers. It is equipped with 20 check-in counters, 26 immigration counters, 5 aerobridges from the existing three, baggage conveyors, and parking spaces to accommodate 475 cars. It is designed keeping the local culture and heritage in mind, so the facade is inspired by the old Kashta houses of Rander, a coastal town in Surat district. It is also equipped with sustainability features and has been made eco-friendly with a Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) 4-star compliant, given for including a double-insulated roofing system, a low-heat gain double-glazing unit, canopies for energy saving, a rainwater harvesting system, sewage treatment and water treatment plants among others.
The other infrastructure developments at the airport include an extension of the apron for an additional 10 bays for code \'C\' type aircraft, and a full-length parallel taxiway connecting the runway. The expansion has transformed the airport into an international airport.
### Cargo terminal {#cargo_terminal}
The cargo terminal of the airport was inaugurated on 29 January 2020. The Airports Authority of India (AAI) approved a plan for a modular cargo terminal at the airport. After the approval of the tender, work on the construction of the new cargo terminal was awarded to a Surat-based company for the 14000 ft2 cargo complex with a ground-level area of 10800 ft2 and a first-floor area of 3200 ft2, respectively. Construction of the cargo terminal was completed within the project completion period of 13 months. The AAI has future plans to build a cargo terminal at the airport and has reserved land for this purpose
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# Federico de Beni
**Federico de Beni** (born 23 January 1973, in Verona) is a retired road bicycle racer from Italy, who was a professional rider from 1996 to 1998
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# Gillian Baxter
**Gillian Baxter** (1938 -- 22 March 2025) was a British writer of children\'s books. Her books were mainly pony books about horses, although one book, *The Knightsgate Players*, was about acting. Baxter also wrote under her married name \"Gillian Hirst\". Baxter died on 22 March 2025, at the age of 87
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# Various Failures
***Various Failures*** is the eighth compilation album by American experimental rock band Swans. It was released on March 22, 1999, and contains tracks from *White Light from the Mouth of Infinity*, *Love of Life*, *The Burning World*, and The World of Skin\'s *Ten Songs for Another World*. In addition, it contains B-sides, rarities, and previously unreleased tracks.
The album was re-released in 2000. The second disc of this edition dropped \"Can\'t Find My Way Home\", the Jarboe version of \"Love Will Tear Us Apart\" and the acoustic version of \"New Mind\". \"The Sound of Freedom\" from *Love of Life* and \"Saved\" from *The Burning World* replaced the aforementioned tracks.
The only unreleased tracks featured on this compilation (besides some songs that have been faded in/out) are a longer version of \"Why Are We Alive\", an instrumental version of \"The Most Unfortunate Lie\" (listed on this album as \"Unfortunate Lie\") and a demo version of \"When She Breathes\". The acoustic version of \"New Mind\" and the Jarboe version of \"Love Will Tear Us Apart\" had never been previously available on CD
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# Karawatha Forest
**Karawatha Forest** or **Karawatha nature reserve** is approximately 900 hectares of bushland in the Brisbane suburbs of Karawatha and Stretton, Australia. It is one of the largest areas of remnant bushland within Brisbane. The predominant vegetation types in the forest are dry eucalypt forest and woodland with native heath understories. The Karawatha Forest Protection Society was formed to ensure that the bushland was protected from development and is owned and managed by the Brisbane City Council (BCC). Funds raised from the BCC\'s Bushland Preservation Levy have enabled the acquisition of land for preservation of Karawatha Forest.
The subtropical bushland reserve contains an important wetland area along Scrubby Creek and an unnamed creek, both of which flow into Slacks Creek, tributary of the Logan River. Significant landmarks within the forest include Poet\'s Rock, the Old Quarry, Curtisii (formerly Paratz) Lookout, \"the Rocks,\" Frog Hollow and the Illaweena Lagoon system. Along the western edge of the forest is the Gateway Motorway.
The reserve was first declared in 1906.
## Fauna
The wetlands provides habitat for a number of threatened and endangered species including the powerful owl, glossy black cockatoo and the green thighed frog. Also found within the park are the red-necked wallaby, swamp wallaby and eastern grey kangaroo. While not threatened or endangered the reserve is home to greater gliders, squirrel gliders and sugar gliders.
### Wildlife movement corridor {#wildlife_movement_corridor}
In the south of the reserve wildlife movement infrastructure consisting of a land-bridge over Compton Road has been a success. The Compton Road fauna overpass is the most intensively studied in the country. It links the forest to the northern Kuraby bushland. The corridor also included two fauna underpasses, three rope ladders and a line of glider poles.
## Research
Karawatha forest was one of two sites in Australia at which a PPBio Research Grid was established and completed. The project was undertake from 1 July 2009 to 31 December 2013.
## Recreation
There are some 33 km of BCC-sanctioned and maintained walking tracks in the reserve. Camping is not permitted. Horse riding and motorbikes are banned. Two picnic areas with tables and drinking water taps are provided for visitors. The picnic areas are open to the public between the hours of 6 am and 7 pm. There is also a disused quarry that people frequent for a swim during the hotter months
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# Mumok
**Mumok** (from the full name *label=none*; \"Museum of modern art, Ludwig Foundation, Vienna\") is a museum in the Museumsquartier in Vienna, Austria.
The museum has a collection of 10,000 modern and contemporary art works, including major works from Andy Warhol, Pablo Picasso, Joseph Beuys, Nam June Paik, Wolf Vostell, Gerhard Richter, Jasper Johns and Roy Lichtenstein. Over 230 art works were given to the museum by the German industrialist and art collector Peter Ludwig and his wife Irene in 1981.
Since 2001, the museum has been housed in a stone-clad building designed by Austrian architects Ortner & Ortner.
The Mumok regularly organizes special exhibitions and is known for its large collection of art related to Viennese Actionism.
## History
The mumok, Museum moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig Wien, was founded on September 21, 1962, as the Museum of the Twentieth Century (later the 20s House) in the Swiss Garden, located in the Austrian Pavilion that had been built by Karl Schwanzer for Expo 58 in Brussels, and was refurbished as an exhibition hall.
Founder director Werner Hofmann was given the promising and yet also problematic task of setting up a collection of modern art. In just a few years he managed to purchase many significant works of classical modernism, and to expand the collection in a targeted manner based on the few works that were already held by the museum.
On April 26, 1979, the Palais Liechtenstein in Alsergrund was opened, and rented as a second exhibition building so as to gain more space for the museum. This opportunity was thanks to the efforts of Hans Mayr, the president of the Vienna Künstlerhaus at the time, who organized an exhibition with contemporary artworks from the Aachen collection of Peter and Irene Ludwig for Vienna in 1977.
While this show was still running, the Ludwigs agreed to provide a number of works on loan to Vienna. An Austrian committee, set up by national minister Herta Firnberg, conducted negotiations with the Ludwigs on the selection of works. Around one hundred loaned works were agreed in a first contract, but this number had nearly doubled by the time the new Vienna collection opened. The focus of this project was on pop art and photorealism, as had been the case in the 1977 exhibition. In 1978, the Cologne collection of Wolfgang Hahn with its holdings in nouveau réalisme and Fluxus was acquired, thus quickly expanding the museum\'s collection.
In 1981, the Austrian Ludwig Foundation was established, by Herta Firnberg and Peter and Irene Ludwig, and about a third of the hitherto loaned works from the Ludwig collection was now transferred into the possession of the foundation. In return, the Republic of Austria committed to an annual guaranteed payment to the foundation with which further artworks could be purchased. On the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the foundation in 1991 the museum received a further gift. By way of thanks to the Austrian Ludwig Foundation for donating such significant modernist works of art, the minister of science at the time, Erhard Busek, concluded a contract with the foundation in which the name Museum moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig Wien was agreed.
On September 15, 2001, the Museum moderner Kunst Stiftung Ludwig Wien was reopened in the MuseumsQuartier in Vienna\'s historical center. This cubic building clad in basalt lava was built by architects Ortner & Ortner, and provides 4,800 m^2^ of exhibition space for monographic or thematic exhibitions and alternating presentations of the museum\'s own collection, which now contain some 10,000 works of modernist and contemporary art.
## Collection
The mumok collection today comprises around 10,000 works by c. 1,600 artists. In 1959, the first purchases were made for the newly founded Museum des 20. Jahrhunderts, which held 90 works when officially opened in 1962. A key impulse for the museum\'s exhibition and collecting policy was provided by the Ludwig and Hahn Collections in the 1970s, which were shown from 1979 in a second building, the Palais Liechtenstein. The Hahn Collection was purchased by the Republic of Austria, whereas the loans by Peter and Irene Ludwig were permanently guaranteed for the museum by establishing the Austrian Ludwig Foundation. The Republic of Austria agreed in turn to provide a budget that has enabled the Foundation to expand its collection of key works of international modernist and contemporary art -- to this day. The mumok collection consists of several \"blocks\" that correspond to the different stages in the museum\'s history. The period to after World War Two is covered by holdings in classical modernism that were purchased by the museum\'s founding director, Werner Hofmann. A further focus is the Ludwig and Hahn Collections, with their emphasis on the avant-gardes of the 1960s and 1970s. In the last 15 years a comprehensive collection of Vienna Actionism has been built up. mumok collects contemporary art with an emphasis on photography, video, and film, as well as painting, sculpture, and installations, works which have mainly been added to the collection over the last two decades
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# A Good Man in Africa (novel)
***A Good Man in Africa*** is William Boyd\'s first novel, published in 1981. It won both the Whitbread Book Award for a first novel and the Somerset Maugham Award that year.
## Plot summary {#plot_summary}
Morgan Leafy is First Secretary to the British Deputy High Commission in Nkongsamba in the fictional West African country of Kinjanja. Leafy is unhappy in his post and struggles with various personal and professional difficulties. He becomes entangled in a range of problematic situations, including an affair with his boss's daughter, a bribery scheme involving a local politician, and a medical crisis involving a venereal disease.
Leafy is tasked with persuading a local politician, Sam Adekunle, to cooperate with the British High Commission. Meanwhile, he is dealing with his own failing health and a blackmail threat. His superior, Cecil Boss, pressures him to manage sensitive diplomatic issues, but Leafy is ill-equipped to do so.
Dr Alex Murray, a local Scottish doctor, becomes involved when Leafy seeks medical treatment and later plays a role in dealing with a broader health emergency in the region. As political tensions rise and Leafy\'s plans unravel, he finds himself increasingly isolated and out of his depth.
The novel concludes with Leafy facing the consequences of his actions, left with few allies and uncertain prospects.
## Publication
Morgan Leafy also appears in two short stories, \"Next Boat from Douala\" and \"The Coup\" which concern his departure from Africa. The stories appear in the collection *On the Yankee Station*, published later in 1981, but as Boyd explained in an interview the collection was actually written before the novel, though Boyd claimed he had written both when he sent the collection to potential publishers. Hamish Hamilton agreed to publish the novel (as yet unwritten) and collection in that order, Boyd admits \"So I said to my new editor, Christopher Sinclair-Stevenson, \'Look, the manuscript is in a shocking state, I just need a couple of months to knock into shape', and I sat down and wrote *A Good Man in Africa* in a white heat of dynamic endeavour in three months at my kitchen table.
## Background
William Boyd grew up in Western Africa, living in both Ghana and Nigeria. He explains that the setting for the novel \"is completely set in Ibadan in Western Nigeria even though I changed the names, but everybody in it is made up. It's rooted in my autobiography in terms of its colour, texture and smells but the story is -- and that's something that's always been the case with me -- invented. There is an autobiographical element in that the character of Dr Murray is very much a two-dimensional portrait of my father.\" Boyd said that it was his wife\'s idea to write a full length novel about Leafy and that he considers that, \"inhabiting someone who\'s absolutely unlike me is more attractive than writing some thinly disguised autobiography\".
## Reception
- Michiko Kakutani in *The New York Times* praises the novel, likening it to the work of Evelyn Waugh and Kingsley Amis: \"it is as though *Lucky Jim* had been suddenly transported to the mythical kingdom of Azania in *Black Mischief*.\" She concludes, \"There are, of course, things a reader might quarrel with: Mr. Boyd\'s penchant for broad humor and narrative pratfalls makes, at times, for an irritating glibness; and his technical mastery of the novel form obscures the fact that he has yet to develop a voice that is truly his own - the echoes of his predecessors haunt the achievement of this book. Still, this remains a precocious debut indeed, and I eagerly await Mr. Boyd\'s next novel\".
- Kirkus Reviews concludes \"Boyd can lapse from credible black-comedy into cheap farce. Still, if the worst of this energetic novel is reminiscent of crude sit-corns, the best recalls Waugh and Amis -- in a dark yet cheerful nightmare that\'s juiced along by humiliation, fury, and a highly unsentimental view of post-colonial Africa.\"
## Adaptations
In 1985 BBC Radio 4 broadcast an audio adaptation starring Alan Rickman as Leafy. It was repeated on BBC Radio 4 Extra in 2022.
In 1994 the novel was made into a film of the same name, with a script written by Boyd
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# Johannes Wiese
**Johannes Wiese** (7 March 1915 -- 16 August 1991) was a German Luftwaffe pilot during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 133 enemy aircraft shot down in 480 combat missions. He claimed all of his victories over the Eastern Front, including over 50 Ilyushin Il-2 Shturmovik ground attack aircraft.
Born in Breslau, Wiese volunteered for military service in the *Reichswehr* of Nazi Germany in 1934.`{{refn|From 1919, Germany's national defense force was known as the ''Reichswehr''. That name was dropped in favor of ''[[Wehrmacht]]'' on 16 March 1935.<ref>{{cite web |title=Proklamation der Reichsregierung an das deutsche Volk bezüglich der Einführung der allgemeinen Wehrpflicht |trans-title=Proclamation of the German Government to the German people regarding the introduction of compulsory military service |url=http://www.documentarchiv.de/ns/1935/allgemein-wehrpflicht-einfuehrung_prokl.html |language=de |access-date=19 April 2015}}</ref>|group="Note"}}`{=mediawiki} Initially serving in the *Heer* (Army), he transferred to the Luftwaffe (Air Force) in 1936. Following flight training, he was posted to *Jagdgeschwader* 52 (JG 52---52nd Fighter Wing) in June 1941 just prior to Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. He claimed his first aerial victory on 23 September 1941. On 26 June 1942, Wiese was appointed *Staffelkapitän* (squadron leader) of the 2. *Staffel* (2nd squadron) of JG 52 and received the Knight\'s Cross of the Iron Cross on 5 January 1943 following his 53rd aerial victory. On 11 May 1943, Wiese was tasked with the leadership of I. *Gruppe* (1st group) of JG 52 and was officially appointed its *Gruppenkommandeur* (group commander) on 13 November 1943. Following his 133rd aerial victory, he received the Knight\'s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves on 2 March 1944.
In October 1944, Wiese was posted to the *Geschwaderstab* (headquarters unit) of *Jagdgeschwader* 77 (JG 77---77th Fighter Wing) in Defense of the Reich and on 7 November 1944, he was appointed its *Geschwaderkommodore* (wing commander). After the war in 1956 he joined the *Bundeswehr* and worked for the Military History Research Office. He retired on 10 November 1970 holding the rank of *Oberstleutnant* (Lieutenant Colonel). Wiese died on 16 August 1991 in Kirchzarten and was buried in Berlin-Nikolassee.
## Early life and career {#early_life_and_career}
Wiese was born on 7 March 1915, in Breslau in the Kingdom of Prussia of the German Empire, present-day Wrocław in western Poland, the son of a minister. In 1934, Wiese volunteered for service in the *Heer* (German Army) and joined *Infanterie-Regiment* 6 (6th Infantry Regiment) under command of *Oberst* Kuno-Hans von Both.
In 1936, Wiese transferred to the Luftwaffe as an *Oberfähnrich* (Officer candidate). There, he was trained as an aerial observer with the *Heeresaufklärer* (Army Reconnaissance). Wiese was promoted to *Leutnant* (second lieutenant) on 1 April 1937, and in September 1938 transferred to the *Fliegerersatzabteilung* 17 (17th Flier Replacement Unit) in Quedlinburg. He then volunteered for the *Jagdwaffe* (fighter force) and holding the rank of *Oberleutnant* (first lieutenant) he began fighter pilot training in October 1938.
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# Johannes Wiese
## World War II {#world_war_ii}
Wiese was posted to a front-line unit in June 1941, almost two years after the start of World War II. His unit was the *Geschwaderstab* (headquarters unit) of *Jagdgeschwader* 52 (JG 52---52nd Fighter Wing) where he served as an adjutant. On 22 June, the *Geschwader* crossed into Soviet airspace in support of Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, which opened the Eastern Front. He claimed his first aerial victory on 23 September 1941 and was awarded the Iron Cross 2nd Class (*Eisernes Kreuz zweiter Klasse*) on 27 September 1941 and the Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe in Silver (*Frontflugspange in Silber*) on 11 October 1941.
### Eastern Front {#eastern_front}
Wiese received the Iron Cross 1st Class (*Eisernes Kreuz erster Klasse*) on 1 May 1942. Following his 7th aerial victory he was appointed *Staffelkapitän* (squadron leader) of the 2. *Staffel* (2nd squadron) of JG 52 on 26 June 1942. That day, I. *Gruppe* (1st group), to which his 2. *Staffel* was subordinated, moved to Bilyi Kolodyaz, approximately 10 km southeast of Vovchansk, and fighting in support of Case Blue, the strategic summer offensive in southern Russia with the objective to capture the oil fields of Baku, Grozny and Maykop. He received the Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe in Gold (*Frontflugspange in Gold*) on 13 July 1942.
To support German forces fighting in the Battle of the Caucasus, I. *Gruppe* relocated to an airfield at Kerch, in the east of Crimea, on 2 August. At the time, the *Gruppe* was moved around as a kind of fire brigade, deployed in areas where the Soviet Air Forces was particular active. The *Gruppe* then moved to Oryol on 15 August. On 29 September 1942, Wiese he claimed his 25th aerial victory. On 25 October 1942, he became an \"ace-in-a-day\" for the first time, claiming victories 29 to 33. Wiese was awarded the Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe (*Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe*) on 6 November 1942.
On 6 December, the *Gruppe* moved to an airfield at Rossosh. Here on 16 December, he became an \"ace-in-a-day\" again which took his total to 43. On 25 December, Wiese claimed his 50th aerial victory. Together with *Feldwebel* Wilhelm Freuwörth, Wiese was awarded the Knight\'s Cross of the Iron Cross (*Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes*) on 5 January 1943 following their 56th and 51st aerial victories respectively. The presentation was made by *General der Flieger* (General of the Flyers) Günther Korten in Rossosh on the Eastern Front. Sources contradict themselves on the exact date of the presentation of the German Cross in Gold (*Deutsches Kreuz in Gold*). According to Thomas, Patzwall and Scherzer, the presentation was made on 5 December 1942. According to Obermaier and Stockert, the presentation occurred on 8 February 1943.
thumb\|left\|upright=0.6\|I./JG 52 insignia Following a lengthy home leave, Wiese was tasked with the leadership of I. *Gruppe* of JG 52 on 11 May 1943. The former commander, *Major* Helmut Bennemann had been severely injured by an incendiary bomb the day before. Initially, Wiese led both 2. *Staffel* and I. *Gruppe* in unison until on 1 July *Oberleutnant* Paul-Heinrich Dähne was given command of the *Staffel*. On 13 November 1943, he was officially appointed *Gruppenkommandeur* (group commander) of I. *Gruppe* and at the end of 1943, Wiese was promoted to *Major* (major). His most successful day was 5 July 1943, the first day of the Battle of Kursk, when he shot down twelve enemy aircraft in one mission, a double \"ace-in-a-day\" achievement. All 12 victories were over Ilyushin Il-2 Sturmovikground attack aircraft and took his total to 95 victories. On 17 July 1943, Wiese was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 45th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark. In end July, Wiese had fallen sick and had to go to a Bad Wiessee for treatment. During his absence, *Hauptmann* Gerhard Barkhorn, the commander of 4. *Staffel*, temporarily led I. *Gruppe* from 4 to 30 August.
Following his 133rd aerial victory and his last, Wiese was awarded the Knight\'s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (*Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub*) on 2 March 1944, the 418th officer or soldier of the Wehrmacht so honored. Wiese and fellow JG 52 pilots Erich Hartmann, Walter Krupinski, for the Oak Leaves presentation, and Gerhard Barkhorn, for the Swords to his Knight\'s Cross presentation, travelled on an overnight train from the Anhalter Bahnhof in Berlin to the *Führerhauptquartier* (Führer Headquarter) at the *Berghof* in Berchtesgaden for the award ceremony by Adolf Hitler on 4 April 1944. Also present at the award ceremony were Kurt Bühligen, Horst Ademeit, Reinhard Seiler, Hans-Joachim Jabs, Dr. Maximilian Otte, Bernhard Jope and Hansgeorg Bätcher from the bomber force, and the Flak officer Fritz Petersen, all destined to receive the Oak Leaves. On the train, all of them got drunk on cognac and champagne. Supporting each other and unable to stand, they arrived at Berchtesgaden. Major Nicolaus von Below, Hitler\'s Luftwaffe adjutant, was shocked. After some sobering up, they were still intoxicated. Hartmann took a German officer\'s hat from a stand and put it on, but it was too large. Von Below became upset, told Hartmann it was Hitler\'s and ordered him to put it back.
On 22 February 1944, Wiese was injured in combat when he was shot down by anti-aircraft artillery in his Bf 109 G-6. Command of I. *Gruppe* was temporarily assumed by *Oberleutnant* Paul-Heinrich Dähne before *Hauptmann* Adolf Borchers was given command on 11 June. Following his convalescence, he was posted to the *Verbandsführerschule* (Training School for Unit Leaders) of the *General der Jagdflieger* (General of Fighters) at Königsberg in der Neumark, present-day Chojna in western Poland, on 11 June 1944. This ended his service on the Eastern Front.
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# Johannes Wiese
## World War II {#world_war_ii}
### Defense of the Reich and wing commander of JG 77 {#defense_of_the_reich_and_wing_commander_of_jg_77}
On 19 June 1944, Wiese participated in comparison test flights at the Luftwaffe{{\'}}s main testing ground for new aircraft designs at Rechlin. On that day, the Luftwaffe tested and compared the Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6, a Bf 109 G-6/AS, a Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-8 against a P-47 Thunderbolt and a P-51 Mustang.
In October 1944, Wiese was posted to the *Geschwaderstab* of *Jagdgeschwader* 77 (JG 77---77th Fighter Wing) in Defense of the Reich on the Western Front. On 7 November 1944, he was appointed *Geschwaderkommodore* (wing commander) of JG 77, replacing *Oberstleutnant* (Lieutenant Colonel) Johannes Steinhoff, who was given command of *Jagdgeschwader* 7 \"Nowotny\" (JG 7---7th Fighter Wing), the first operational jet fighter wing in the world. Officially, command was handed over on 1 December 1944.
On 16 December 1944, the Wehrmacht launched its last major offensive campaign of the war. The operation codenamed *Unternehmen Wacht am Rhein*, or Battle of the Bulge (16 December 1944 -- 25 January 1945), which failed to achieve its objectives, intended to split the British and American Allied line in half, so the Germans could then proceed to encircle and destroy four Allied armies, forcing the Western Allies to negotiate a peace treaty in the Axis Powers\' favor.
Wiese led JG 77 in the opening phase of the offensive until 25 December 1944, when he was severely injured in a training exercise. Wiese and his wingman, *Feldwebel* (Sergeant) Hansch, took off at 11:20 a.m. on a training flight over German held territory. The plan was to meet up with I. *Gruppe* but the two failed to establish contact. Instead, flying at an altitude of 8700 m, they encountered a flight of Supermarine Spitfires in the vicinity of Bottrop and Essen. In the resulting aerial combat, both Bf 109 G-14s were shot down, Hansch was killed in action while Wiese bailed out. He came down near Essen-Dellwig. His parachute only opened partially, resulting in a harsh landing, and loss of consciousness. Wiese was taken to a field hospital at Bottrop where he was diagnosed with a concussion and minor skull fracture. He spent the rest of the winter in hospital, and was replaced as commander by *Major* Siegfried Freytag. Their victors may have been Spitfires from the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) No. 401 Squadron which claimed two Bf 109s from the *Stab* of JG 77 shot down over Duisburg that day. One of these victories was credited to Flying Officer John MacKay.
Wiese surrendered to U.S. forces at the end of the war and was handed over by the Americans to the Soviet Red Army on 6 September 1945. Wiese spent over four years in Soviet prisoner of war camps and was released on 28 November 1949. He was officially credited with 133 victories claimed in 480 combat missions. Additionally, he had 25 more unconfirmed claims. Among his claims were over 50 Il-2 Sturomoviks. Soviet fighter pilots therefore greatly respected Wiese, and referred to him as the \"Lion of Kuban\", a name he earned during combat over the Kuban bridgehead.
## Later life {#later_life}
After the war in 1956, Wiese joined the *Bundeswehr*, the armed forces of the Federal Republic of Germany, and worked for the Military History Research Office. He retired on 10 November 1970 holding the rank of *Oberstleutnant*. Wiese died on 16 August 1991 in Kirchzarten and was buried in Berlin-Nikolassee.
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# Johannes Wiese
## Summary of career {#summary_of_career}
### Aerial victory claims {#aerial_victory_claims}
According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Wiese was credited with 133 aerial victories. Mathews and Foreman, authors of *Luftwaffe Aces --- Biographies and Victory Claims*, researched the German Federal Archives and state that Wiese was credited with 118 aerial victories, plus 27 further unconfirmed claims. All of his victories were claimed on the Eastern Front.
Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = *Planquadrat*), for example \"PQ 49423\". The Luftwaffe grid map (*Jägermeldenetz*) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 sqmi. These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 x in size.
+-----------------------------------------------------+
| Chronicle of aerial victories |
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| Operation Barbarossa --- 22 June -- 5 December 1941 |
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| -- *Stab* of *Jagdgeschwader* 52 --\ |
| Eastern Front --- March -- April 1942 |
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| Eastern Front --- July -- 31 December 1943 |
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| -- I. *Gruppe* of *Jagdgeschwader* 52 --\ |
| Eastern Front --- 1 January -- February 1944 |
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### Awards
- Iron Cross (1939)
- 2nd Class (27 September 1941)
- 1st Class (1 May 1942)
- Front Flying Clasp of the Luftwaffe
- in Silver (11 October 1941)
- in Gold (13 July 1942)
- Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe (*Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe*) on 16 November 1942 as *Hauptmann* and *Staffelkapitän*
- German Cross in Gold on 5 December 1942 as *Hauptmann* in the I./*Jagdgeschwader* 52
- Knight\'s Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves
- Knight\'s Cross on 5 January 1943 as *Hauptmann* and *Staffelkapitän* of the 2./*Jagdgeschwader* 52
- 418th Oak Leaves on 2 March 1944 as *Major* and *Gruppenkommandeur* of the I
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# Megillat Antiochus
***Megillat Antiochus*** (*מגילת אנטיוכוס*, \"Scroll of Antiochus\"), also known as *Megillat HaHashmonaim*, *Megillat Benei Hashmonai*, *Megillat Hanukkah*, *Megillat Yoḥanan*, *Megillat HaMakabim*, or *Megillah Yevanit*, recounts the story of Hanukkah and the history of the victory of the Maccabees (or Hasmoneans) over the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire.
It is distinct from the Books of the Maccabees, which describe some of the same events. Louis Ginzberg called it a \"spurious work\" based on \"unhistorical sources,\" with the exception of its citations taken from passages from First Book of the Maccabees.
## History
Early versions of the work exist in both Aramaic and Hebrew. The Hebrew version is a literal translation of the original scroll, which was written in Jewish Palestinian Aramaic. It is written in a formal style that apes that of the *Targum Onkelos*. It was written between the 2nd and 5th centuries CE---most likely in the 2nd century. The Hebrew version dates to the 7th century. The author's identity and reason for writing the *Megillah* are unknown, but some authorities have suggested that it was written to promote observance of Hanukkah in Lower Mesopotamia (\"Babylonia\") at a time when Karaite Judaism was rising.
The work was first mentioned by Simeon Kayyara (c. 743 CE), who wrote in the *Halakhot Gedolot* that the scroll was compiled by the \"elders of the School of Shammai and the elders of the School of Hillel\". Saadia Gaon (882‒942) said that it was composed in Aramaic by the Hasmonaeans themselves as *Megillat Beit Hashmonai*. Saadia Gaon focused on *Megillat Antiochus* due to its relevance in the rabbinic discourse with the Karaites of his time. The Karaites rejected the oral traditions of Rabbinic Judaism and, consequently, did not observe Hanukkah. He translated it into Judeo-Arabic in the 9th century. He goes so far as to cite verse 23 as a proof text in his work *Sefer HaGalui*.
Likely due to Saadia Gaon\'s influence, *Megillat Antiochus* found widespread use by Jewish communities across Spain, Italy, France, Germany, Yemen, and Persia. Many manuscripts and early printed editions of the Hebrew Bible include this text indicating it was regarded almost as canonical by some Jewish communities, who had to be warned not to say a blessing before its reading on Hanukkah. Dozens of copies have been found in the Cairo Genizah.
The original Aramaic text can be found in an old Baladi-rite prayer book from 17th-century Yemen. The Hebrew text was first published in 1557 in the Duchy of Mantua in northern Italy.
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# Megillat Antiochus
## Summary of Text {#summary_of_text}
The scroll begins with a description of the greatness and power of Antiochus, who was mighty and victorious, and built Antioch, a city on the seacoast (a misunderstanding of Genesis Rabbah 23:1). His general Bagras also founded a city beyond Antioch and named it after himself.
In the twenty-third year of his reign, Antiochus determined to begin the religious war against the Jews. To that end he sent to Jerusalem his general Nicanor, who raged furiously against the pious Jews, and set up an idol in the Temple in Jerusalem. When John Gaddi, High Priest of Israel, saw this, he appeared before Nicanor\'s house and demanded entrance. Admitted to Nicanor\'s presence, he declared himself willing to comply with the king\'s demand and offer a sacrifice to the idol. He expressed the wish, however, that all present should leave the house since he feared that if the Jews heard of his deed, he would be stoned. When left alone with Nicanor, John thrust into the general\'s heart the dagger that he had concealed under his garments.
After this, John waged a victorious war against the Greeks. As a memorial of his great deed, he erected a column with the inscription \"Maccabee, the Slayer of the Mighty.\" Antiochus now sent his general Bagras (a distorted form of the name Bacchides), who at first killed Jews for observing their religious precepts. He was eventually compelled by the five sons of Mattathias to flee. He boarded a vessel and set sail for Antioch. When, for the second time, he moved with a mighty army against the Jews, he was not more successful. The five sons of Mattathias opposed him bravely, and although Judas and Eleazar lost their lives, the Jews were triumphant. Their success was in no small measure due to the aged Mattathias, who, after the fall of Judas, himself undertook the guidance of the battle. This third battle was also the last, for Bagras was burned by the Jews, and Antiochus, after a revolt of his subjects, fled to Anatolia and drowned himself.
The Jews then purified the Second Temple. They were fortunate enough to find clean oil, which was needed for the holy lights, and although the quantity seemed sufficient for one day only, it lasted miraculously for eight days. For this reason, the Maccabees instituted the eight-day Ḥanukkah feast.
## Chronology in *Megillat Antiochus* {#chronology_in_megillat_antiochus}
There are marked differences between the events described in *Megillat Antiochus* and other contemporary records, including the Books of Maccabees and the writings of Josephus. The Jewish Encyclopedia commented in its entry: \"That Antioch is mentioned as a coast city; that John, with the surname \"Maccabee,\" is called a high priest; and that the reign of Antiochus is said to have lasted twenty-three years, all go to prove that the *Megillah* is a spurious work of fairly recent times.\"
The Scroll of Antiochus equates the 23rd year of the reign of Antiochus Eupator with the 213rd year since the building of the Second Temple. According to Josephus, Antiochus Eupator began his reign in the year 149 of the Seleucid Era, corresponding to 162 BCE, making the 23rd year of his reign 139 BCE. Since, according to the Scroll of Antiochus, the Second Temple had by that time been standing 213 years, this would mean that the Second Temple was completed in 352 BCE.
This date matches traditional Jewish sources, which say that the Second Temple stood 420 years, before being destroyed in the 2nd year of the reign of Vespasian, in 68 CE. However, modern scholarship places the building of the Second Temple in 516 BCE, based on chronologies that emerge from the Babylonian Chronicles.
## Use in ritual {#use_in_ritual}
During the Middle Ages, *Megillat Antiochus* was read in the Italian-rite synagogues on Shabbat Hanukkah. A machzor of the Kaffa rite from the year 1735 instructs to read *Megillat Antiochus* during Mincha of Shabbat Hanukkah. Baladi-rite Temani Jews had it as a custom to read the scroll after the haftarah reading on Shabbat Hanukkah.
The Hebrew text with an English translation can be found in the *Ha-Siddur Ha-Shalem* of Philip Birnbaum, published in 1949 and still in widespread use in English-speaking Orthodox and Conservative synagogues.
In 2013, sofer Marc Michaels published a modern Hebrew tikkun suitable for public reading on Chanukah, with cantillation, English translation and critical commentary
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# Ilija Stolica
**Ilija Stolica** (`{{Lang-sr-Cyrl|Илија Столица}}`{=mediawiki}; born 7 July 1978) is a Serbian football manager and former player. He is currently the head coach of Niké liga club AS Trenčín.
## Club career {#club_career}
Due to his promising performances at Zemun, Stolica earned a transfer to Spanish club Lleida in 1998. He played one season in Spain\'s second division, but failed to score in 18 games and eventually returned to his parent club.
In 2000, Stolica signed a contract with Partizan. He, however, failed to make an impact with the *Crno-beli* and returned to Zemun the following year. By the end of the 2001--02 season, Stolica became the league\'s second-highest scorer with 19 goals.
In the 2003 winter transfer window, Stolica was transferred to Ukrainian club Metalurh Donetsk. He managed to play only 20 league games over the next two years, before returning to his homeland and joining OFK Beograd.
Between 2005 and 2008, Stolica spent three seasons in Belgium. He played for Sint-Truidense and Mons, scoring 20 goals combined. He subsequently had two unassuming spells in Greece and Montenegro.
In March 2006, while at Sint-Truidense, Stolica and two other players were questioned by the police as part of an investigation into match-fixing.
On 30 July 2010, Stolica signed with Major League Soccer club New England Revolution. He scored three times in the remainder of the season. In April 2011, Stolica was loaned to USL Pro team FC New York.
## International career {#international_career}
At international level, Stolica was capped for FR Yugoslavia U21, making three appearances during the qualifications for the 2000 UEFA European Under-21 Championship.
## Managerial career {#managerial_career}
In November 2016, Stolica was appointed as manager of Serbian SuperLiga club Voždovac. He resigned from his position in December 2017, only to take over as manager of Vojvodina later that month.
In October 2019, Stolica was named as manager of the Serbia under-21s, taking over the team from Nenad Milovanović after poor start to the qualifications for the 2021 UEFA European Under-21 Championship
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# Garry Shephard
**Garry Shephard** (born 30 March 1976) is a Welsh former semi-professional football player, who played as a striker. He was a prolific goalscorer and fans\' favourite for non-league sides Newport County and Merthyr.
## Personal
Garry is the father of former Newport County right-back Liam Shephard and former Haverfordwest County midfielder Corey Shephard
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# Just Another Band from East L.A
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# Manou Gallo
**Manou N\'Guessan Gallo** (born 31 August 1972 in Divo, Côte d\'Ivoire), is a West African singer, bandleader and musician of African popular music, playing the electric bass guitar.
## Life and career {#life_and_career}
Brought up by her grandmother, Gallo first performed at the age of 12 and went on to become a success, touring in various African countries such as Burkina Faso, Mali, Togo and Benin as well as recording four albums.
When the group Woya eventually stopped, Gallo followed Marcellin Yacé to Abidjan. He gave her her first bass guitar and taught her about recording. Between 1993 and 1996, she also performed in theatre and dance troupes as well as playing on an album by Ray Lema.
She eventually met the tour manager of Zap Mama and was offered the chance to tour with them in Europe. She performed with them for six years from 1997, and also appeared with the Tambours de Brazza.
She eventually formed her own group, *Le Djiboi*,`{{when|date=November 2021}}`{=mediawiki} and toured extensively. Her debut album, *Dida*, was released on the IglooMondo label in 2003, followed by *Manou Gallo* in 2007. In 2011, she produced and played bass with the group Mokoomba on their album *Rising Tide*.
Gallo sings in Dida, French and English. On her album *Afro Groove Queen* she collaborated with Bootsy Collins and Manu Dibango
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# Gildardo Magaña
**Gildardo Magaña Cerda** (March 7, 1891 -- December 13, 1939) was a Mexican general, politician and revolutionary.
Born on March 7, 1891, in Zamora, Michoacán to a Liberal trading family, Magaña was sent to study economics in the United States at the Temple College in Pennsylvania. Back in Mexico he was involved in the anti-reelectionist movement and had to flee to the insurrectionist Zapatista country people in Morelos in 1911. He was immediately made use of as emissary to various revolutionaries in different parts of Mexico, among others to Pancho Villa whom he is reported to have taught reading. In 1916 he was appointed chief of staff to Emiliano Zapata, because he was the only one who was able to make unruly sub-commanders of the movement cooperate instead of quarrel, using his personal charm as well as his outstanding diplomatic skill for the task.
When Zapata was killed in 1919, Magaña was elected his successor with 18 votes against 11 for Jesús Capistrán. As commander-in-chief of the Zapatist army, he made it his supreme business to achieve a durable peace. To that purpose he cultivated various possible allies, in vain until Álvaro Obregón revolted in 1920. Magaña immediately declared his and his movement\'s support and provided Obregón with the army with which he conquered Mexico D.F. In return, the movement got the Ministry of Agriculture and its desired agrarian reform made law.
Under Obregón\'s and his successors\' presidencies, Magaña held several high military commands but also found time to found the Confederación Nacional Agraria, the Cardenist peasants' union. In 1936 he was elected governor of his native state of Michoacán, a post he held until his death (by a heart attack) in 1939. Shortly before his death he was suggested as a candidate for Lázaro Cárdenas\'s successor as president but declined.
In March 1911, he participated in the Tacubaya conspiracy. When it was discovered, he fled to Morelos, where he joined the regionalist movement led by Emiliano Zapata. In May, he participated in the siege and capture of Cuautla, where Emiliano Zapata awarded him the rank of lieutenant colonel, with which he was permanently incorporated into the Southern Liberation Army.
## National Army {#national_army}
In November 1919, due to the international conflict with the United States caused by the kidnapping of Consul Jenkins,Magaña and other southern chiefs accepted the amnesty of Venustiano Carranza\'s government, thinking of putting himself in defense of the nation that was threatened by a North American invasion.In January 1920 he took up arms again, probably at the suggestion of Álvaro Obregón and shortly after it joined the Plan of Agua Prieta. Upon his victory, the Liberation Army of the South was merged into the Mexican Army through two divisions. Magaña obtained the rank of Divisionario and became the commander of the Second Division of the South. Genovevo de la O became the first. He also intervened as a mediator to get the surrender of Francisco Villa, which was achieved on June 28, 1920.
## Literature
- John Womack: Zapata and the Mexican revolution, Vintage 1968.
## Collection
The Gildardo Magaña Cerda archive was donated by his brother Octavio and contains documents from the Zapatista movement and over four thousand photographs. It was kept at the UNAM Institute of Historical Research between 1961 and 1962, and later became part of the UNAM Historical Archive in the following decade
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# Dorrigo railway line
The **Dorrigo railway line** is a closed railway line in the north of New South Wales, Australia. It branches from the North Coast line at Glenreagh.
## Original scheme {#original_scheme}
The Dorrigo line was intended to be part of a much larger rail system linking the ports of Coffs Harbour and Grafton with the Northern and North western lines. The line would have joined with the system at Guyra, Inverell and Werris Creek. These plans never came to fruition and construction work was commenced on only two sections, between Glenreagh and Dorrigo and Guyra and Dorrigo. Only approximately 13 km of the latter was partially constructed.
## Location
Dorrigo, the terminus of the Glenreagh to Dorrigo line, is situated on a plateau at 730 m `{{AHD}}`{=mediawiki} in dairying country in Australia. It has a consistently high rainfall and is the main township for the area known as \"The Dorrigo\" (short for \'The Dorrigo Plateau\'). The town is situated in a geographical location which could best be described as mountainous. Being a rainforest area, it has a high rainfall and fertile soil, but it is also given to landslides and land subsidence. It was into this setting that a line of railway was built, encountering many difficulties in its construction.
## Development and activities {#development_and_activities}
On 28 December 1910 the Glenreagh to Dorrigo Railway Act received assent to sanction the construction. It was not until early August 1914 that construction officially commenced. Because of the First World War, a lack of finance and a dispute with the contractor, progress foundered. The contract was terminated on 28 March 1917 and construction passed to the Railway Commissioners who promptly suspended work.
It was almost two years after the end of the First World War that the Railway Commissioners decided to press ahead with construction. Delays occurred due to landslips and washaway and it was not until 27 September 1924 that a construction train reached Dorrigo. Construction was finalised by 5 December and an inspection of the line was conducted by Railways staff on the 10th.
### Opening
The line opened on 23 December 1924.
### Operations
The Dorrigo line was one of the costliest branch railways built in New South Wales. It had some of the steepest gradients and tightest curves on the system and experienced high maintenance and running costs. It experienced repeated losses throughout its entire existence.
Although goods other than timber were carried, timber was the main revenue source for the railway. Just prior to the suspension of services, there were loadings of up to 13 wagons, mainly of timber from Dorrigo. Most of the logs and processed timber were sent to Sydney. In the early days of the line, the NSWGR obtained sleepers for the North Coast region from the area. These were transported by rail to other centres.
#### Stations
- Glenreagh
- Timber Top Siding
- Moleton
- Mole Creek Tank
- Lowanna
- Ulong
- Brooklana
- Lloyd
- Cascade
- Briggsvale
- Megan
- Leigh
- Dorrigo
### Closure
The line lost its passenger service on 1 December 1957 and goods services were suspended on 27 October 1972 after flood damage. By the end of December 1972, it was becoming apparent there was little prospect of the line re-opening as the Public Transport Commission, the Authority then charged with operating the State\'s railways, would give no indication of its intentions.
Dorrigo station remained open until November, 1979, providing staff to facilitate the road transport of goods between there and Raleigh.
## Preservation
Parts of the line are used by heritage railway organisations Glenreagh Mountain Railway and Dorrigo Steam Railway and Museum
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# Meigneux, Seine-et-Marne
**Meigneux** (`{{IPA|fr|mɛɲø|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Meigneux.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Meigneusiens*
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# Meilleray
**Meilleray** (`{{IPA|fr|mɛjʁɛ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Meilleray.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Meillerassiens*
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# Jeffrey Cuthbert
Welsh \| majority4 = \| term_start4 = 1 May 2003 \| term_end4 = 6 April 2016 \| predecessor4 = Ron Davies \| successor4 = Hefin David \| office2 = Minister for Communities and Tackling Poverty \| firstminister2 = Carwyn Jones \| deputy2 = Vaughan Gething \| term_start2 = 26 June 2013 \| term_end2 = 11 September 2014 \| predecessor2 = Huw Lewis \| successor2 = Lesley Griffiths \| office3 = Deputy Minister for Skills and Technology \| firstminister3 = Carwyn Jones \| term_start3 = 14 March 2012 \| term_end3 = 26 June 2013 \| predecessor3 = Huw Lewis \| successor3 = Lesley Griffiths \| birth_date = `{{birth date and age|df=yes|1948|06|4}}`{=mediawiki} \| birth_place = Glasgow, Scotland \| death_date = \| death_place = \| restingplace = \| birthname = \| nationality = \| party = Welsh Labour \| otherparty = \| spouse = \| relations = \| children = \| residence = \| alma_mater = University College, Cardiff \| occupation = Trade unionist \| profession = \| cabinet = \| committees = \| portfolio = Deputy Minister for Skills \| religion = \| signature = \| signature_alt = \| website = [Welsh Labour](https://archive.today/20130423202714/http://www.welshlabour.org.uk/assembly-members/jeff-cuthbert/) \| footnotes = }} **Jeffrey Hambley Cuthbert** (born 4 June 1948) is a Welsh politician. He served as Gwent Police and Crime Commissioner from 2016 to 2024. Cuthbert served as a Labour Party member of the National Assembly for Wales for Caerphilly from 2003 to 2016. He began his career in the mining industry and later worked for the Welsh Joint Education Committee (as it was then) as head of the Asset to Industry Unit.
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# Jeffrey Cuthbert
## Biography
Cuthbert was born in Glasgow to a Welsh mother and Scottish father, but brought up in Cardiff, where he attended Whitchurch County Secondary Modern followed by studying mining engineering at University College, Cardiff. He joined the Labour Party in the mid-1960s. As a mining engineer he worked at Markham and Oakdale pits.
A member of the Militant group from the mid-60s to early-80s, Cuthbert later became Chair of Caerphilly Constituency Labour Party. He left the mining industry to develop qualifications for Modern Apprenticeships with WJEC, and became a Corporate Member of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development. He was a governor of the Lewis School, Pengam, and served as principal of a part-time Adult Education Centre at Aberbargoed.
In the 2003 election to the National Assembly for Wales, Cuthbert was selected at the last minute to replace Ron Davies who stood down following a sex scandal. He increased the Labour majority in the Caerphilly constituency.
Cuthbert was appointed chair of the Objective One Programme Monitoring Committee for Wales in 2004, and subsequently chair of its All-Wales successor body in 2007. He is a chair of the Assembly\'s Cross-Party Groups on Healthy Living and the Built Environment; and is co-chair of the Cross-Party Group on Beer and the Pub. As an active trade unionist, he is co-ordinator of the UNITE Group of Labour Assembly Members. At the 2007 election he successfully defended his seat after Ron Davies, challenged to regain it as an Independent candidate.
At the 2011 Welsh General Election, Cuthbert successfully defended his seat once again, after another challenge from Davies, who this time stood for Plaid Cymru.
In March 2012 he was appointed Deputy Minister for Skills and Technology and joined the Cabinet in June 2013 as Minister for Communities and Tackling Poverty in the Welsh Government.
In September 2014 he announced his decision to stand down as Caerphilly AM at the 2016 elections. Because of that, he also stood down from the Welsh Government Cabinet.
Between May 2016 and May 2024 Cuthbert was Gwent Police and Crime Commissioner. On 2 May 2024 he was replaced by Labour\'s Jane Mudd
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# Giulio Masetti
**Giulio Masetti** (1895 -- 25 April 1926) was an Italian nobleman and racing driver, known as \"the lion of Madonie\" from his dominating the Targa Florio in the early 1920s.
## Early life {#early_life}
Born in Vinci, he was the older brother of the racing driver Conte Carlo Masetti, both living in *Castello di Uzzano*, a palace in Greve in Chianti owned by the *Masetti di Bagnano* family since 1644.
## Career
Masetti acquired his first car, a 4.5-litre Fiat S57 B14 from Antonio Ascari, in which he was fourth at X Targa Florio (1919), and won the XII Targa Florio (1921). The next year, he won XIII Targa Florio in his privately entered ex-Otto Salzer 1914 Mercedes 4.5-litre 115 HP 18/100 (1922). Masetti then raced an Alfa Romeo RL TF (second at XIV Targa Florio, 1924) before joining the Sunbeam-Talbot-Darracq team. He was third in a Sunbeam 135 bhp 2-litre at the 1925 French Grand Prix, but failed to finish the San Sebastián Grand Prix (1925) and the II Rome Grand Prix (1926).
## Death
He suffered a fatal accident in Sclafani Bagni, Sicily during the XVII Targa Florio while driving entry #13, a Delage 2L CV. A stone plaque is erected at the place. Since this incident, the entry #13 is no longer issued at Grand Prix events
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# Bulacan State University
**Bulacan State University** (**BulSU** or **BSU**; *Pamantasang Pampamahalaan ng Bulacan*) is a public university in Bulacan province, Philippines. Its main campus is in Malolos.
BulSU or BSU originated as a secondary school in 1904 ran by the Americans, and has now progressed into one of the biggest educational institutions in Region III.
The university is mandated to provide technical training and to promote research, advanced studies, and progressive leadership. It has been identified by the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) as one of the Center for Excellence and Development institutions in the country and one of the Training Centers nationwide for teachers pursuing education in areas beyond their specialization.
## History
### American invasion era {#american_invasion_era}
The Bulacan State University started as an intermediate school in 1904. It was established during the early years of the American occupation by virtue of Act 74 of the Philippine Commission in 1901, which created the then Department of Public Instruction with the mandate to establish schools in every *pueblo* (town) of the country and reorganize those already existing. Instructions in the intermediate schools established during that time were supplemented with trade or industrial instruction.
Upon the implementation in 1918 of the Philippine Autonomy Act passed by the U.S. Congress in 1916, the Bulacan Trade School was formally turned-over to the Filipinos with Mr. Basilio Abiado as its first Filipino principal.
### Japanese occupation era {#japanese_occupation_era}
In 1945, after repairing the damage suffered during the Second World War; the school reopened with a few hand tools and materials donated by the U.S. army stationed in the provincial capitol. With the steady increase in enrollment, more buildings were constructed. In 1949, the United States Information Service (USIS) donated two Quonset huts, which were used as shops and classrooms.
### Philippine independence {#philippine_independence}
In 1951, the two-storey related subjects building was constructed with funds from the War Damage Rehabilitation Fund, and in 1952, the one-storey Girls\' Trades building was built with half of the cost of construction was donated by the school\'s Parent-Teacher Association.
On June 20, 1953, the school was nationalized under R.A. NO. 908 and became the Bulacan National Trade School.
By virtue of Republic Act 1800, the Bulacan National Trade School was converted into the Bulacan School of Arts and Trades (BSAT) on July 1, 1957. The school offered the two-year post-secondary courses with specializations in automotive, machine shop and girls\' trade courses.
By virtue of Republic Act 4470, the Bulacan School of Arts and Trades (BSAT) was converted into the Bulacan College of Arts and Trades (BCAT) on June 19, 1965. The college began to expand its technical and technician course offerings by adding shop specialization.
In 1967, it offered the four-year Bachelor of Science in Industrial Education (BSIE) with majors in drafting, machine shop practice, woodworking and automotive, cosmetology, electronics and electricity.
From 1968 to 1973, the five-year engineering programs were added to the courses offered by the college.
In 1977, the college started offering graduate program, the Master of Arts in Teaching with majors in technical and vocational subjects.
In 1983, the college continued to expand its curricular offerings and develop its facilities to meet the needs of the growing student population. The teacher education curriculum added more major fields of specialization in secondary education. New majors in the engineering program were also added. Doctoral program was offered and new majors in the master\'s program were introduced.
### Conversion into State University {#conversion_into_state_university}
On December 30, 1993, President Fidel V. Ramos signed House Bill 461 into law, known as Republic Act 7665, which converted the Bulacan College of Arts and Trades into the Bulacan State University.
The conversion into a State University provided more impetus to the administration to implement a wide range of institutional development programs, which included upgrading of academic qualifications of faculty members, streamlining the curricular programs by creating colleges and institutes, securing state-of-the-art instructional facilities, physical plant development and expansion, and broadening access to education by establishing additional satellite campuses.
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# Bulacan State University
## History
### Recent history {#recent_history}
In 2002, a landmark agreement between the university and the Integrated Bar of the Philippines, Bulacan Chapter, was made to establish the BSI-J -- Marcelo H. Del Pilar College of Law. The Marcelo H. Del Pilar Law Foundation, Inc. was created to support the program of the college. The move was hailed by The Technical Panel for Legal Education of the Commission on Higher Education as innovative being the first of its kind in the Philippines. The first batch of graduates of the college who took the 2006 Bar Examinations garnered an impressive passing average of 42.8 percent, higher than the national passing average of 30.6 percent.
In 2004, the university started to gain educational agreements with some nations in the Asia Pacific region namely in China, South Korea, and Hong Kong.
In 2007, the Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities (AACCUP), a member of Asia-Pacific Quality Network (APQN) and International Network of Quality Assurance Agencies in Higher Education (INQAAHE), granted Level III accreditation status to the elementary, secondary and industrial education programs of the College of Education. BulSU was the first State University in Central Luzon to be awarded a Level III Accreditation in its Education programs by the AACCUP.
In 2008, the university produced outstanding performance in licensure and bar examinations: 90% passing average in the June Nurse Licensure Examinations, 87% passing average in the November Nurse Licensure Examination and 32% passing average in the Bar Examinations. BulSU also ranked 3rd in the top schools for the Electronics and Communication Engineer Licensure Examination.
The university has been consistently performing well in the National Board Examinations with results exceeding the National Passing Rate and has produced individuals who were among the top performers in the board examinations.
The university recently received its ISO 9001:2015 Certification, passed the Level II Institutional Accreditation while 50 academic programs of the different Colleges are already accredited by the Accrediting Agency of Chartered Colleges and Universities (AACCUP). To date, most of the Programs of the university have at least Level Il accredited status and gearing for Level III.
In 2018, Bulacan State University underwent a massive reconstruction and upgrade of its facilities. Bongbong Marcos signed on February 15, 2024, the 16-page Republic Act 11980, the \"Revised Bulacan State University Charter\".
On April 12, 2024, BSU won the third iTHINK Hackathon organized by the ISLA Camp (ICP HUB Philippines), held during the International Conference on Innovation, Technology, and Entrepreneurship (IRCITE) 2024. The BSU quartet, a team of Web3 developer participants, known as \"Team Open Soars\" is composed of Ryka Gene M. Austria, Mary Queen O. Casaclang, Richard James C. Bagay, and Janniel Andrei D. De Jesus, led by coach Gabriel M. Galang.
## Tragedy
In August 2014 during a fieldtrip to the Madlum Cave, seven students of Bulacan State University were swept after heavy rains which triggered a flash flood while crossing the Madlum river located in San Miguel, Bulacan.
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# Bulacan State University
## Campus
### Main campus {#main_campus}
The BSU Main Campus is situated along MacArthur Highway in Brgy. Guinhawa, City of Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines.
#### Bahay-Saliksikan ng Bulacan {#bahay_saliksikan_ng_bulacan}
The university\'s *Bahay-Saliksikan ng Bulacan* (Center for Bulacan Studies) was established on November 24, 1997, by the *Samahang Pangkasaysayan ng Bulacan, Inc.* (Historical Association of Bulacan, Inc.) with the assistance of Bulakeño (Bulakenyo) scholars including Jose Tantoco and Jaime Veneracion of the University of the Philippines Diliman, to collect, promote, study, and research Bulacan\'s rich and diverse history, culture, environment, archaeology and others that concern the province, that would help enforce and create public policies and programs for either the Province of Bulacan or other provinces within Luzon area. It is funded by the Provincial Government of Bulacan in 2004 and listed by the *Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino* (Commission on the Filipino Language) as a *Pambansang Alagad ng Wika* (National Authority on the Filipino Language). In 2018 through the lead of the Commission on Higher Education the BulSU Bahay Saliksikan ng Bulacan started the operation of the Bulacan Cultural Material Laboratory designed to analyzed, accession and conserve different kinds of materials culture that can be found in Bulacan and nearby provinces.
#### Smart-BulSU Wireless Laboratory {#smart_bulsu_wireless_laboratory}
To promote and upgrade the quality of engineering education, the university partnered with Smart Communications, Inc. on the Smart Wireless Engineering Education Program (SWEEP), the first industry-academe partnership in the country that seeks to improve the level of technology and engineering education, particularly in the field of Electronics and Communications Engineering (ECE). SWEEP was launched on March 28, 2003, with the inauguration of the \"first wireless laboratory\".
#### MEE-ART Center {#mee_art_center}
The faculty of the College of Engineering now trains technicians and engineers sent by local industries, visiting faculty, and senior students from different universities in the country. With industrial-type equipment and overseas-trained instructors, the university, through its Mechatronics Engineering -- Automation Research and Training (MEE-ART) Center, offers a short-term training courses in basic and advanced pneumatics, industrial automation, mechatronics, electro-pneumatics, and programmable logic control.
#### Institute of Local Government Administration {#institute_of_local_government_administration}
The Institute of Local Government Administration is the primary extension agency of BulSU. Instituted in 1995 in partnership with the Local Government Academy of the Department of Interior and Local Government and the provincial government of Bulacan, the Institute actively promotes the knowledge, skills attitudes and values that make for effective, efficient, responsive and service-oriented local governance in the cities and the countryside.
The institute provides Continuing Education, Technology Transfer and Consultancy, Technology Job Information/Placement, Communications Media, Local Government Capability Building Program, Integrated Capability Building Program, Technology of Participation, Building Customer Service Skills, Action Planning Workshop, Public Service Excellence Program, Planning and Budgeting Workshop, Barangay Executive Training, Continuing Cooperative Training, Opinion Poll Survey, Moral Leadership and Peak Performance, Barangay Justice Service System, and Codification of Ordinance.
#### DOST-BulSU Food Testing Laboratory {#dost_bulsu_food_testing_laboratory}
The laboratory has been performing different food testing services like microbiological tests, physico-chemical tests, and shelf-life testing.
#### CHED-DepED Teacher Training Center {#ched_deped_teacher_training_center}
The Commission on Higher Education (CHED) has chosen the BulSU College of Education to be one of the training centers nationwide for teachers who want to be educated in areas beyond their specialization. As one of the 85 training centers all over the country chosen by CHED. Teachers in Central Luzon Region under the Department of Education underwent training for a certificate program.
#### BulSU Language Center {#bulsu_language_center}
Bulacan State University Language Center, located at the Malolos Campus, is an English language center, that works hand-in-hand with top universities in South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and mainland China.
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# Bulacan State University
## Campus
### Satellite campuses {#satellite_campuses}
- Bustos Campus along L. Mercado St. Corner C.L. Hilario St. in Brgy. Poblacion, Bustos, Bulacan, the largest satellite campus, was established in 1975. [Bulacan State University -- Bustos Campus](https://bulsu.edu.ph/academics/campus/Bustos) (BulSU Bustos) started by being housed in the Bustos Elementary School to a five - room at the [Old Bustos public market](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Old_Bustos_Public_Market). Campus expansion included the Pedro Pancho Technological Building (February 2007), the Multi-Media Room and Library (2014), Gymnasium, the Bustos Campus Clinic, Campus Infirmary and Breastfeeding (Lactation Room, August 2019) and the Administration Building (December 2023).
- Sarmiento Campus in City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan was established in 1998.
- Meneses Campus in Triple Junction Subdivision, Brgy. Matungao, Bulakan, Bulacan was established in 2000. The Dr. Anacleto R. Meneses Campus started as an extension engineering class under the CAS in Bambang within the Doña Candelaria Meneses Duque High School. In April 2005, the Campus transferred to the present site. Former Mayor Anacleto R. Meneses (term 1972 -- 1986 & 1995 -- 2004) donated the building to BSU on August 12, 2024.
- Consortium in Montessori De San Ildefonso in Brgy. San Juan, San Ildefonso, Bulacan was established in 2008.
- Hagonoy Campus in Brgy. Iba and Carillo, Hagonoy, Bulacan was established in 2011.
- Pulilan Campus in Brgy. Paltao, Pulilan, Bulacan was established in 2013.
- San Rafael Campus in Brgy. San Roque, San Rafael, Bulacan along Plaridel Bypass Road was established in 2022. The P200-M Campus was inaugurated on December 14, 2022. The twin 4-storey buildings were constructed in a 2-hectare land donated by Filinvest Corporation. The school features fences, main gate, with security office, second gate, the Filinvest matriarch \'Mercedes T. Gotianun\' Building, the Ricardo \"Tata Carding\" Silverio building, construction of the P 48 million auditorium and historical markers. It was inaugurated on December 14, 2022, by BSU President Cecilia S. Navasero-Gascon. It was created by Republic Act 11329, the \"Bulacan State University-San Rafael Campus Act\" (April 22, 2019). The school offers free medicine program under the \"Doctor Para sa Bayan Act\" or Republic Act No. 11509. The P200-M BulSU College of Medicine (BulSU-COM) is under the College of Science, San Rafael Campus, with Prof. Gerald Hilario, as executive director of BulSU San Rafael Campus and its dean, Dr. Dwight Villacorte. In August 2023, President Cecilia S. Navasero-Gascon announced the admission of 50 medicine students for the 2023--2024 school year.
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# Bulacan State University
## International participation {#international_participation}
The new millennium saw Bulacan State University going global and participating in cross-border education with other Asian countries such as South Korea, People\'s Republic of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, and Malaysia. The university signed agreements with educational institutions in these countries for the offering of various programs of the BSU especially the doctoral and master\'s programs. The university, in partnerships with Korean institutions, also hosts Korean students for their English language course. These programs paved the way for the on-going students and faculty exchanges and visitations with those institutions abroad.
### Hong Kong campus {#hong_kong_campus}
In 2003, BSU Hong Kong Campus in Nathan Road, Yaumatei, Hong Kong was institutionalized by virtue of a Memorandum of Agreement signed between Bulacan State University and Hong Kong Lifelong Education Organization (HKLEO).
The Hong Kong Campus was accredited and recognized by Commission on Higher Education (CHED), Accrediting Agency for Chartered Colleges and Universities in the Philippines (AACCUP), Inc., International Association of Universities (IAU) and the Ministry of Education of China.
### Confucius Institute {#confucius_institute}
The Office of Chinese Language Council International signed an agreement with Bulacan State University on June 22, 2007, to jointly established a Confucius Institute. The institute was formally launched on February 28, 2009, with the Northwest University in Xi\'an, China that serves as the Chinese partner of the Confucius Institute.
During the signing ceremony, it was announced that the Confucius Institute will offer various Chinese courses, conduct Chinese cultural activities and hold HSK examinations in the hope of meeting the demands of Filipinos for Chinese and strengthening communication and friendship between the two peoples.
The Confucius Institute at Bulacan State University is the second CI established in the country and the first CI in a state university.
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# Bulacan State University
## Colleges
College/school founding
------------------------------------------------------
**College/school**
Graduate School
College of Law
College of Architecture and Fine Arts
College of Arts and Letters
College of Business Education and Accountancy
College of Criminal Justice Education
College of Education
College of Engineering
College of Hospitality and Tourism Management
College of Industrial Technology
College of Information and Communications Technology
College of Nursing
College of Science
College of Social Sciences and Philosophy
College of Sports, Exercise and Recreation
Bustos Campus
Hagonoy
Meneses Campus
Sarmineto Campus
San Rafael Campus
Laboratory High School
^\*^Notes can be added here
## Gallery
<File:Bulacan> State University, Malolos, Bulacan.jpg\|Main Gate <File:Hebsujf.JPG%7CCollege> of Hospitality and Tourism Management building <File:Bsulawjf.JPG%7CCollege> of Law building <File:Cictjf.JPG%7CPimentel> Hall - College of Information and Communications Technology and College of Nursing building <File:Alvaradojf.JPG%7CAlvarado> Hall - College of Industrial Technology building <File:Bsucollege999jf.JPG%7CNatividad> Hall -- College of Engineering building <File:Bsucollege22jf.JPG%7CFederizo> Hall -- College of Science, College of Arts and Letters and College of Architecture and Fine Arts building, oldest in the university <File:Bsuhosteljf.JPG%7CUniversity> Hostel <File:Bsugym22jf.JPG%7CBulSU> Activity Center <File:Rizalbsu
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# Vinay Rai
**Vinay Rai** (born 18 September 1979) is an Indian actor who primarily appears in Tamil films apart from a few Telugu and Malayalam films. He is best known for his performance in the films *Unnale Unnale* (2007), *Jayamkondaan* (2008), *Endrendrum Punnagai* (2013) and *Aranmanai* (2014). He turned villain in *Thupparivaalan* (2017) and has played negative roles in several films including *Doctor* (2021), *Etharkkum Thunindhavan* (2022), *Oh My Dog* (2022) *Christopher* (2023), *Veeran* (2023), *Gandeevadhari Arjuna* (2023), *Hanu-Man* (2024), and *Identity* (2025).
## Early life {#early_life}
Vinay was born to a Tulu-speaking family, and originally was a commercial model in Mumbai. He played rugby for BRFC and was part of the Indian squad that toured Bahrain in 2001.
## Career
### 2007--2009: Debut and lead roles {#debut_and_lead_roles}
He debuted as an actor in director Jeeva\'s *Unnale Unnale* (2007) co-starring Sadha and Tanisha Mukherjee. The film became a huge success upon release and brought in more acting offers for Vinay. He was supposed to play the lead role in Gandhi Krishna\'s *Ananda Thandavam* but was later replaced by newcomer Siddharth Venugopal.
Since his debut film, he has appeared in a Telugu language film, *Vaana* (2008), which flopped at the box-office and it was dubbed in Tamil as *Gnabagangal Thalattum* in 2013. Despite getting offers to act in romance films, Vinay stayed away from them and he stated that he didn\'t want to be stereotyped as a \"chocolate boy\". His second Tamil film *Jayamkondaan* (2008) was commercially and critically successful. Playing the role of an NRI civil engineer who returned to Chennai to set up his own business, his performance fetched positive reviews with a reviewer citing that \"Vinay, as the protagonist is very comfortable in his role. He has expressive eyes, emotes well, and makes sure his audience isn\'t disappointed\". In 2009, he starred in Saran\'s *Modhi Vilayadu* for which he dubbed in his own voice for the first time. The film, starring Kajal Aggarwal and Kalabhavan Mani, opened to mixed reviews from critics and became a box office failure. Two of his films including *Veelle* and *Nootruku Nooru* were shelved because the production companies went broke.
### 2011--2015 : Experimentations and comedy roles {#experimentations_and_comedy_roles}
He made a comeback in 2011 with a role in the English film, *Dam 999*, which had a poor commercial and critical response. The next year, Vinay appeared in the action comedy film *Mirattal* (2012), remake of the Telugu film *Dhee* (2007). The film, which starred Sharmila Mandre opposite him, got an average response. Vinay\'s performances received favourable reviews, with a reviewer citing that \"Vinay Rai looks comfortable in his role and dishes out a neat performance\". In 2013, he appeared in P. T. Selvakumar\'s comedy film *Onbadhule Guru*. Upon release, the film was panned by the critics but was commercially successful at the box office. The same year, he played a supporting role in the comedy-drama film *Endrendrum Punnagai* co-starring Jiiva and Trisha. Upon release, the film won positive reviews citing that the film was \"worth a watch\" and a critic stated, \"Vinay performs with no inhibitions in all his portions, be it comedy, dance or the emotional scenes and this film will prove to be a good vehicle for him to reach a larger audience\". Vinay then acted in the horror comedy film *Aranmanai* (2014) directed by Sundar C which turned out to be a blockbuster. His next release was *Serndhu Polama* (2015), co-starring Nyra Banerjee and Preethi Christina Paul, and directed by Malayalam film director Anil. The film, entirely shot in New Zealand, was released to negative reviews.
### 2017--present: Character roles {#present_character_roles}
In 2017, he played a negative character in the crime thriller *Thupparivaalan* directed by Mysskin. The film opened to positive reviews with a critic from Sify claiming that \"Vinay Rai as the ruthless baddie is a revelation\". The same year, Vinay played a dual role in the long-delayed film *Aayirathil Iruvar* again with Saran. The film opened to negative reviews with a critic from *IndiaGlitz* stating, \"Vinay who just impressed with his heartless killer in *Thupparivaalan* can forget *Aayirathil Iruvar* in a hurry as both his characters are written wafer thin with no underlying subtext for him to score\".
His next venture *Nethraa* (2019) was a thriller film directed by A. Venkatesh co-starring Thaman Kumar and Subiksha. The film, which was extensively shot in Canada, opened to negative critical response upon release. In 2021, his films were *Iruvar Ullam* that was delayed after years and Nelson\'s action comedy, *Doctor* opposing the actor Sivakarthikeyan. Vinay Rai played the antagonist. Vinay Rai\'s performance adds to the tension created by the solid screenwriting and directing. He has also acted as the antagonist in Suriya's film *Etharkkum Thunindhavan* directed by Pandiraj. He also playing a bad guy in Arun Vijay's *Oh My Dog* produced by Suriya and Jyothika under the banner of 2D Entertainment. Then, Vinay Rai acted as in the horror thriller genre *Connect* with Nayanthara as doctor husband. Malayalam action thrillers like *Christopher* (2023), and *Identity* (2024), where he played a merciless villain, so much so that people would shudder at the very sight of him
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# Domah mandal
**Domah** or **Doma** is a mandal in Vikarabad district of Telangana, India.
## Geography
Domah is located at 17.0833 N 77.8333 E. It has an average elevation of 558 meters (1833 feet).
## Villages
Doma consists of 49 Villages and 21 Panchayats. Ananthareddipalle is the smallest village and Mothkur is the biggest village. It is in the 547 m elevation. It is on the border of the Rangareddi District and Mahbubnagar District. Mahbubnagar District Bomraspeta is west towards this place.
### Panchayats
Ainapur Bachpally, Badampally, Bompally, Brahmanpally, Budlapur, Dadapur, Dirsampally, Doma, Sanjeev nagar, Dornalpally, Gudur, Gumdal, Kistapur, Mailaram, Mallepally, Mothukur, Ootpally, Palepally, Rakonda Sivareddypally
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# École nationale d'ingénieurs des techniques des industries agro-alimentaires
The **École nationale d\'ingénieurs des techniques des industries agro-alimentaires** (ENITIAA) is a public institution of higher education and research located in Nantes.
## Structure
ENITIAA is a national graduate institute created in 1974 and affiliated with the French Ministry of Agriculture. There are about 500 students, 50 teachers and 80 administrative staff and technicians.
Students may enter ENITIAA after two or three years of university-level studies. The course lasts three years. Fields of instruction are the food industry, agribusiness, biotechnology, the chemical industry, the environment, the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, business services and logistics
Three recommended courses of study are:
- Design and optimization of foodstuffs
- Food-processing engineering and production management
- Quality, safety and environmental management
The school has several research laboratories and a workshop with production tools from the agribusiness sector
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# Kings Weston Hill
**Kings Weston Hill** (`{{gbmapping|ST556781}}`{=mediawiki}) is a hill in the north of Bristol, England. It forms a ridge about 1 mi long, extending from Henbury to Shirehampton and separating Lawrence Weston to the north from Coombe Dingle to the south. The hill is a public open space managed as part of the Blaise Castle Estate. It takes its name from the settlement of Kings Weston, now absorbed into Lawrence Weston.
At the eastern end of Kings Weston Hill is the site of an Iron Age hill fort, which is a Scheduled Ancient Monument.
The hill is located between Kings Weston House to the southwest, and Blaise Castle to the northeast, and the hill is also the site of a tower for television broadcasting
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# Buster Larsen
**Axel Landing Larsen** known as **Buster Larsen** (1 September 1920 -- 18 December 1993), was a Danish stage, film and TV actor. He had his stage debut on Nørrebros Theater in 1932 aged 12, and his film debut in 1933
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# Farsa
**Farsa** (Italian, literally: *farce*, plural: *farse*) is a genre of opera, associated with Venice in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. It is also sometimes called *farsetta*.
Farse were normally one-act operas, sometimes performed together with short ballets. Many of the recorded productions were at the Teatro San Moisè in Venice, often during Carnival. Musically they may have derived from the two-act dramma giocoso, although there were other influences, including the French *comédie mêlée d\'ariettes*.
Few of the original 18th-century farse are now performed. The German composer Johann Simon Mayr, who lived in Northern Italy, wrote about 30 farse. Rossini wrote five examples: *La cambiale di matrimonio* (1810), *L\'inganno felice* (1812), *La scala di seta* (1812), *Il Signor Bruschino* (1813), and *Adina* (1818). In addition, his *L\'occasione fa il ladro* (1812), though called a *Burletta per musica*, is a farsa in all but name
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# Buscot Park
**Buscot Park** is a country house at Buscot near the town of Faringdon in Oxfordshire within the historic boundaries of Berkshire. It is a Grade II\* listed building.
It was built in an austere neoclassical style between 1780 and 1783 for Edward Loveden Loveden. It remained in the family until sold in 1859 to Robert Tertius Campbell, an Australian. Campbell\'s daughter Florence would later be famous as Mrs Charles Bravo, the central character in a Victorian murder case that remains unsolved to this day. On Campbell\'s death, in 1887, the house and its estate were sold to Alexander Henderson a financier, later to be ennobled as Baron Faringdon.
Following the death of the 1st Baron in 1934, the house was considerably altered and restored to its 18th-century form, by the architect Geddes Hyslop, for his grandson and successor, Gavin Henderson, 2nd Baron Faringdon, during this era, the art collection founded by the 1st Baron was considerably enlarged, although many of the 1st Baron\'s 19th-century works of art were sold immediately following his death.
The house and estate was bequeathed to the National Trust in 1956. The contents (which include works of art by Rembrandt and Burne-Jones) are owned by the Faringdon Collection Trust. The house is occupied and managed by the present Lord Faringdon. The mansion and its extensive formal and informal gardens and grounds are open to the public each summer.
## Architecture
The construction of Buscot Park was begun in 1780, for Edward Loveden Loveden, whose family had owned land adjacent to the site since 1557. The land upon which he chose to build the house itself was owned by the neighbouring Throckmorton estate. Loveden Loveden did not acquire ownership of the land upon which his house was built until 1788. The architect is unknown, and it is likely that Loveden himself had a hand in the design. Loveden is known to have employed James Darley at this time; a little-known architect, described by a contemporary as \"able and experienced.\" The names of other far more eminent architects have been mentioned in connection with Buscot, including that of Robert Adam, but there is no documented evidence that any of these architects worked on the house; it therefore seems likely their involvement is apocryphal. It is known that James Paine supplied fireplaces and advised on the building costs, but the general design of the mansion is unsophisticated and not in character with Paine\'s work, making it unlikely that his involvement was major.
The house is constructed of local stone and materials with Portland stone adornments. The roof is of Westmorland slate. Some of the building materials were bought second-hand, following demolitions and alterations to Kempsford House, Gloucestershire, and Charlton House. Whoever the architect was, the design fails to follow the strict dictates of either the Palladian style, which was passing from fashion, or those of the neoclassical style, which had been becoming popular in England from the late 1760s. Christopher Hussey, writing in 1940, opined that \"The architect owed much to Robert Adam and the pattern books of the admirable tradesmen of the day.\"
Unusually for a house of this period, the house has neither portico nor pilasters to break the austerity of the façade. Contemporary drawings show that the principal and central entrance originally had a segmented pediment, a motif of the Baroque, long out of fashion by the 1780s. This entrance, like the principal reception rooms, was placed in the first floor, on a piano nobile in Palladian style, leaving the ground floor free for the domestic and estate offices and service rooms. However, in neoclassical style, above the principal floor is a second floor, its windows having equal value to those below, indicating that here were principal bedrooms rather than secondary and servants\' rooms, as would have been the case in a Palladian or Baroque design.
The severity of the façade, which is of nine bays, is only relieved by a band between the two major floors and the slight projection of the central three bays which are crowned by a low pediment. Following the Palladian tradition, the ground floor is rusticated. The roofline has only a very low parapet and no balustrade, thus leaving the hipped roof and chimneys completely visible. The high slate roof is pierced by two gable windows, more reminiscent of a farmhouse than a sophisticated mansion. The north front more truly follows the neoclassical style, in its English form, of the later 18th century. Two large bows project to flank the central three bays.
In 1859, the house and estate were sold by Loveden Loveden\'s great grandson, Sir Pryse Pryse. The new owner was an Australian gold trader, Robert \"Tertius\" Campbell. A keen agriculturist, Campbell extensively modernised the estate, seriously depleting his fortune in the process. During the early 1850s, Campbell considered vastly expanding the mansion, and plans were drawn up showing the house transformed to a turreted palace in a loose English renaissance style. Ultimately, Campbell decided against any grandiose schemes and contented himself by adding a porch, parapet and gabled windows to the neoclassical south front in an incongruous Neo-Renaissance style.
It was at this time that many of the estate\'s woodlands were planted, along with the creation of new gardens and the carriage drive which form the nucleus of the gardens today. Campbell died in 1887, his fortune spent and the estate mortgaged. Buscot was then acquired by Alexander Henderson, later to be ennobled as the first Baron Faringdon. Henderson, an eminent London stockbroker and financier, enlarged the house with a large wing.
In the 1930s, a time when many country houses were being pulled down, converted to schools or standing empty, Buscot enjoyed a renaissance. In 1934, it was inherited by Gavin Henderson, 2nd Baron Faringdon from his grandfather, the 1st Lord Faringdon, and he immediately embarked upon a major remodelling project. He swept away the 19th-century additions of his grandfather and Campbell, returning the façades to their original 18th-century simplicity.
To compensate for the space lost through the demolition, he commissioned the architect Geddes Hyslop to create two flanking pavilions in a loose Palladian style. These pavilions, in reality rectangular but detached wings, had temple fronts complementing the two principal façades, and gave the side elevations of the mansion added grandeur and interest. This was achieved by the addition of a triumphal arch to an otherwise blank curtain wall. The pavilions are given unity with the mansion by high yew hedges acting as walls, which link the buildings, accentuating the Palladianism of the design.
Hyslop\'s work was not all restoration. Immediately adjacent to the east façade, in a court created by newly planted yew hedging linking the mansion and East Pavilion, Hyslop created a swimming pool garden. The placing of pools was a problem to the owners of country houses in the 20th century; the pools would be treated with some \"circumspection\" and disguised as something else. Thus, at Buscot, the pool appears as a formal canal pond set in a renaissance garden.
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# Buscot Park
## Architecture
### Interior
The interior of the mansion has been considerably altered and restored since its completion. The rooms are arranged in a circuit, although the principal room, the saloon, is flanked by slightly smaller rooms and adjoining cabinets. It is unlikely these smaller rooms were ever principal bedchambers, as would have been the case just a few years earlier in the 18th century. In fact, the layout was probably completely modern at the time; this is suggested by the siting of the dining room (*3 on plan*) and the drawing room (*6 on plan*). Geddes Hyslop\'s remodelling of the house in 1934 has created a series of seemingly meaningless and similar reception rooms, designed to accommodate large house parties. In some cases (including the Dutch Room) smaller rooms were amalgamated and lost. This has hidden the original uses of the rooms. During the late 18th century, rooms came to be perceived as masculine and feminine and arranged in suites accordingly. In particular the dining and drawing rooms \"reigned as king and queen over the other rooms\" and were often, as at Buscot, placed symmetrically in the house with a hall or saloon dividing them. The dividing room not only served to muffle the noise of boisterous men, partaking of their post-prandial port and cigars in the \"masculine\" dining rooms, from the more delicate ladies in the \"female\" drawing room, but also provided a \"little state and distance\" for the formal procession from the drawing room to the dining room.
Buscot\'s design suggests this was the case there. The masculine dining room, library, study and possibly a billiard room were placed *en suite* on one side of the hall, and the feminine drawing room, music room and morning room on the other. The saloon, the grandest room in the house, containing the best furnishings, was regarded as neutral territory and would have been used only for large receptions, or entertaining the most important guests.
The original use of the rooms is further confirmed by the design of the second floor, where the windows are of equal size to those below, which indicates that the principal bedrooms were always placed there. The principal staircase is comparatively small and not as grand and commanding as is often the case in a neoclassical house, where the owners retired upstairs. The great Baroque houses, built just 50 years earlier, often did not have a principal internal staircase at all, as the owners never left the piano nobile.
It is for their contents, rather than their architecture, that the rooms are notable.
The six principal rooms on the piano nobile contain the cream of an art collection collected by the three Barons Faringdon, from the 1880s to the present day. The Dutch Room (*2 on the plan*) contains, amongst works by Anthony van Dyck, Jacob Jordaens and Gerard van Honthorst, Rembrandt\'s *Portrait of Pieter Six*.
The principal room of the house, the saloon, displays Burne-Jones\' *The Legend of Briar Rose*. Painted over nineteen years from 1871, the series of paintings was acquired by the 1st Lord Faringdon in 1890. The room was then decorated to accommodate them. Burne-Jones, visiting Buscot, disliked the sequence, and painted a further four scenes to fill the voids between the original canvases.
Elsewhere in the house are works by Sandro Botticelli, Agostino Carracci, Giovanni Battista Cipriani, Thomas Gainsborough, Angelica Kauffman, Thomas Lawrence, Frederic Leighton, Peter Lely, Graham Sutherland and others.
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# Buscot Park
## Grounds
The house is set within a large park, of over 100 acre, containing woodland, lakes and formal gardens. Creation of the park began in 1782. In the early 20th century, the landscape architect Harold Peto worked at Buscot. Water gardens had become popular in the late 19th century, following the introduction of exotic water-loving plants and the first illustrated gardening magazines. Thus, Peto was commissioned to design a water garden. The result was an \"Alhambra-like\" series of rills and fountains, linking the house to the distant 20 acre lake. Despite its woodland setting leading to an informal lake, the water garden is formal in its concept, in direct contrast to the still popular picturesque movement which perhaps reached its zenith just a few years earlier at Cragside, Northumberland. This was because Peto was influenced by the architect Reginald Blomfield, a disciple of Sir Charles Barry who was responsible for many of the great Italianate houses and formal terraced gardens of the 19th century. Peto also designed a large entrance court to the mansion, with massive gate piers, intended to create an impressive approach to the house.
Before the north front of the house is a formal lawned parterre with a bronze fountain depicting Mercury. Leading from the immediate vicinity of the house are a series of woodland avenues which lead to smaller gardens; in the form of roundels these gardens include a citrus garden, a rose garden and a swinging garden. Other woodland vistas lead to various eye catching garden statues, including a monumental urn containing the relics of the 2nd Lord Faringdon.
The vast walled kitchen garden has been replanted over the last 20 years by the present Lord Faringdon, to represent the four seasons, divided into quarters by pleached hornbeams and Judas trees, each section of the garden represents a different season. A novel feature, set on a prominence above the garden is a faux waterfall, a modern sculpture which from a distance creates a convincing optical illusion of a torrential waterfall.
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# Buscot Park
## Private house and public gallery {#private_house_and_public_gallery}
During the 1940s, the 2nd Lord Faringdon formulated a plan in conjunction with Ernest Cook to present the house and its estate to the nation, under the auspices of the National Trust. A decade later, the preservation of Buscot\'s contents was ensured by the creation of a family trust which acquired ownership of the Henderson family\'s works of art and furniture which became known as the Faringdon Collection. This collection is displayed at Buscot and the family\'s town house in London\'s Brompton Square.
A stipulation in the agreement with the National Trust stated that Buscot would be leased to the Barons Faringdon, enabling them to remain in residence. This arrangement has continued to the present day. The present and 3rd Lord Faringdon, with his wife, not only lives in the house, but is responsible for the day-to-day management and decoration of the mansion. Although Lord and Lady Faringdon have built a smaller house, the Garden House, in the grounds for their personal use during the summer months when the tourist season is at its peak, the interior of the house has very much the uncontrived air of a private residence rather than that of a public art gallery.
The present Lord Faringdon has added many works of art to the collection, including contemporary paintings, ceramics, glass and silver. The house, gardens and grounds are open each year from April to September.
## Agricultural estate {#agricultural_estate}
In 1863, Robert Tertius Campbell built an irrigation scheme on the estate. His plan was to grow sugar beet and use it to produce alcohol. A distillery was opened in 1869. Campbell built a six-mile railway around the estate to collect the sugar beet and other farm produce. The railway was built to the unusual track gauge of 2 ft 8in. Three 0-4-0T locomotives were supplied by Appleby Brothers of Southwark, the first in 1871. They were named Edith, Emily and Alice, after Campbell\'s daughters. The estate was also provided with a telegraph system. The enterprise was profitable by 1871 but declined soon afterwards. The distillery closed in 1879 and everything saleable was sold. The railway remained in use for farm transport until about 1900 but, as the locomotives had been sold, it was worked by horses
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# Fawad Alam
**Fawad Tariq Alam** (Urdu: فواد عالم, born 8 October 1985) is a Pakistani cricketer and actor who plays for Sindh and the Pakistan national cricket team. He made his international debut for Pakistan in May 2007. He returned to Pakistan\'s Test team after a gap of 88 Tests and more than 10 years, the second longest gap by a Pakistani in Test cricket after Younis Ahmed\'s 104 Tests gap. He was surprisingly overlooked for selection to the Pakistan test cricket team for over a decade despite being a prolific run scorer in domestic first-class matches. With respect to career batting average, Fawad is among the all-time top 50 batsmen in first-class cricket worldwide; he is the sole Pakistani on the list.
Born in Karachi, Fawad plays primarily as a left-handed batter, but also bowls slow left-arm orthodox. After not playing international cricket for more than 10 years for Pakistan, he returned to Test cricket against England, in August 2020. He is also known for his Ertuğrul Gazi-type signature style celebration, which he emulated from the Turkish historical drama series *Diriliş: Ertuğrul*.
## Early life and family {#early_life_and_family}
Fawad comes from a cricketing family and was born to a Pakistani first-class cricketer, Tariq Alam. His paternal uncle, Rafat Alam, and his maternal uncle, Waheed Mirza, played first-class cricket for Pakistan. He is also a cousin of the English Test cricketer, Usman Afzaal.
In November 2011, Fawad married the daughter of former Pakistan Test cricketer, Mansoor Akhtar in Karachi.
## Career
After Pakistan\'s disappointing 2007 Cricket World Cup, Fawad was drafted into a 16-man squad for a One Day International (ODI) series against Sri Lanka in Abu Dhabi. On debut, he was out for a first ball duck. His second ODI was a better experience as he contributed 32 unbeaten runs down the order as Pakistan beat India by 31 runs in Jaipur.
In between those two matches, Fawad travelled to South Africa as part of Pakistan\'s squad for the 2007 ICC World Twenty20 tournament. He played in the semi-final, taking two wickets against New Zealand, as Pakistan progressed to the final, for which he was not selected. In the Asia Cup, in June 2008, he scored his maiden international half century against Hong Kong. He was subsequently dropped for the Sri Lanka series in January 2009.
In October 2008, Fawad was selected for the quadrangular Twenty20 International tournament to be played in Canada between Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Zimbabwe and hosts Canada. In the fourth match of the tournament, he hit 23 not out from just eight balls with three sixes and took a wicket. In the next match against Zimbabwe, he took three wickets for seven runs from 3 overs.
### 2010
Fawad was picked to tour England in 2010. He played club cricket in England to help himself get used to the conditions. Fawad scored well in the first two matches but his major breakthrough came in the third ODI when he increased his top score to 64. He retained his place for the ODI series against South Africa in the UAE. After scoring 123 runs in the five-match series, he was subsequently dropped from the ODI team and later that year, lost his place in the T20 team after the tour to New Zealand.
### Asia Cup 2014: Return {#asia_cup_2014_return}
After being dropped from all formats for three and a half years, Fawad\'s impressive displays domestically (most notably being the top run scorer in the President\'s One Day Trophy in the season 2013/14) earned him a recall to the national side for the Asia Cup in 2014. His first match after his recall was against the host team Bangladesh, deputising for the injured Sharjeel Khan. He contributed significantly to the team\'s victory, scoring 74 runs from 70 balls in a competitive chase of 326. He continued his form by scoring his maiden international ODI hundred (114 not out) against Sri Lanka in the final, rescuing his side from 18/3 to 260/5 with the help of Misbah-ul-Haq and Umar Akmal. His effort was not enough though as Sri Lanka successfully chased the target to become the champions of the 2014 Asia Cup.
### 2017 onwards
In 2017, Fawad signed to play as a professional for Clitheroe Cricket Club in the Lancashire League. In April 2018, he was named the vice-captain of Sindh\'s squad for the 2018 Pakistan Cup. In March 2019, he was named in Baluchistan\'s squad for the 2019 Pakistan Cup.
In September 2019, Fawad was named in Sindh\'s squad for the 2019--20 Quaid-e-Azam Trophy tournament.
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# Fawad Alam
## Career
### Test career {#test_career}
In July 2009, Fawad became the first Pakistani cricketer to score a Test century on debut away from home, and the tenth to score a century on debut, scoring 168 runs in the second innings of the second Test against Sri Lanka. In a partnership of 200 runs with captain Younus Khan for the second wicket, the pair broke the previous record of 151 runs between Mohsin Khan and Majid Khan at Lahore in 1981--82. It was also highest partnership for Pakistan against Sri Lanka in Sri Lanka. However, just two Test matches later, he was dropped from the team.
In December 2019, after a gap of more than ten years, Fawad was named in Pakistan\'s Test squad, for the two-match home series against Sri Lanka. He received his call-up to national test side after his consistent performances at first-class level and by the time he received a call-up after a gap of over a decade, he had already scored over 8000 runs with 26 centuries and with a stellar average of 56.48 in first-class cricket. In June 2020, he was named in a 29-man squad for Pakistan\'s tour to England during the COVID-19 pandemic. In July 2020, he was shortlisted in Pakistan\'s 20-man squad for the Test matches against England. In August 2020, Fawad played in the second Test against England, after a gap of 10 years and 258 days since his last Test match appearance. In the first innings, he faced four balls before being dismissed for a duck.
In December 2020, Fawad was named in Pakistan\'s Test squad for their away series against New Zealand. In the first Test, he scored his first Test hundred after more than 11 years, a gap of 4,218 days between the two. It was the longest period only behind after Warren Bardsley\'s 5,093 and Syed Mushtaq Ali\'s 4,544 days. He also emulated Ertugrul Gazi\'s popular celebration style which he copied from one of the popular scenes which featured in the 2014 Turkish drama series *Diriliş: Ertuğrul* after scoring a test century against New Zealand.
In January 2021, Fawad was named in Pakistan\'s 17 man Test squad for their home series against South Africa. In the 1st Test, Fawad scored 109, sharing a century partnership with Faheem Ashraf.
On 30 April 2021, Fawad became the first Asian cricketer to convert his first four test 50s into 100s. He achieved this milestone during the first Test match against Zimbabwe. In August 2021, he continued his fine form further by scoring another century during the second test against West Indies at Sabina Park. He also became the fastest Pakistani as well as fastest Asian batsman to reach five Test centuries in term of innings (22) surpassing the previous record of 24 innings held by India\'s Cheteshwar Pujara
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# Bokar Coffee
**Bokar Coffee** is a dark roasted brand of coffee originally owned by the American supermarket chain A&P and sold in A&P stores beginning in 1919.
Bokar blend is described as: \"A select blend of 100% Arabica coffee beans, named for two famous coffee-producing areas in Colombia: Bogota and Cartagena. When ground extra fine, makes a spectacular espresso.\"
In 1979, A&P licensed its brands division, Compass Foods, Inc., to sell Eight O\'Clock, Bokar and Red Circle coffee to other retailers including competing supermarket chains. The brand Bokar and its sister brands Eight O\'Clock and Red Circle coffee were sold-off by A&P in 2003.
In 2005 Tata Global Beverages took over ownership of Eight O\'Clock Coffee Company as well as the Bokar coffee brand. Tata discontinued the brand outside of Canada in 2012. In 2018, Los Angeles, California-based American Modern Coffee acquired the Bokar brand and reintroduced the original coffee blend back into the American marketplace
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# Melz-sur-Seine
**Melz-sur-Seine** is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Melziens*
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# Manganese(II) phthalocyanine
**Manganese(II) phthalocyanine** is a coordination complex of manganese and phthalocyanine
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# Le Mesnil-Amelot
**Le Mesnil-Amelot** (`{{IPA|fr|lə menil amlo|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Le Mesnil-Amelot.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne département in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. A large portion of Charles de Gaulle Airport is situated on Le Mesnil-Amelot\'s territory.
## Demographics
Its inhabitants are called *Mesnilois*.
## Education
There is one primary school in the community, Ecole publique Saint-Exupéry. Its current location opened in January 2008
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# Massy–Palaiseau station
**Massy--Palaiseau** (`{{IPA|fr|masi palɛzo}}`{=mediawiki}) is a train station in the city of Massy. It is a junction of the RER B, RER C, Transilien Line V and tramway Line 12. In the future, Paris Métro Line 18 of Grand Paris Express will stop here. It is a station in this southern outer suburb of Paris, with a connection to the Massy TGV station
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# Mount Lilydale Mercy College
**Mount Lilydale Mercy College** (commonly known as **Mount Lilydale** or **MLMC**) is a Roman Catholic co-educational secondary school located in the Melbourne suburb of Lilydale, Victoria, Australia, founded by the Sisters of Mercy in 1896. The College serves the needs over 1500 students.
## History
### 1831--1841
The Institute of the Sisters of Mercy was founded by Catherine McAuley in 1831 in Dublin, Ireland.
### 1846--1896 {#section_1}
Fifteen years later, in 1846, the first Sisters of Mercy arrived in Perth from Ireland. One of these pioneering women was Ursula Frayne who brought with her the vision of Catherine that they should be living witnesses of God\'s mercy in a new world. The Sisters of Mercy continue to provide education, health care, social services and ministries across 43 countries today. In 1990, Pope John Paul II declared Catherine McAuley \"Venerable\".
Following the establishment of a convent at Mansfield in 1846, a branch house was opened in Lilydale in 1896. When the Sisters arrived in January of that year, neither the convent nor school had been prepared for them, but the local Parish Priest vacated his presbytery and, for the first four months, school was carried out in the basement of the presbytery. There were four nuns in charge at Lilydale, namely Mother Patrick Maguire, Mother Agnes Ryan, Sister Brigid Bradshaw and Sister Catherine Ford.
The Parish Priest, Rev A Hennessy bought a property of 33 acres and on 15 November 1896, the foundation stone of the convent and the boarding school was laid. As soon as the first stage of the building was ready, the Sisters took up residence on what is now known as Mount Lilydale Mercy College. The number of pupils increased rapidly and volunteer Sisters from Ireland were soon called for.
### 1905--1944 {#section_2}
In 1905, Mount Lilydale College (as it was called then), was granted primary registration. In 1938, the high school received full recognition as a secondary college. From these beginnings, the College flourished as a primary, secondary, boarding and day school for students. In 1944, a two-roomed junior school was built nearby. Both were later demolished for construction of the existing College.
### 1962--1975 {#section_3}
In April 1962, and in November 1965, the present north and south wings of the McAuley Campus were opened. In February 1964, the tennis courts were laid, and officially opened by Archbishop Knox. The Library and Science block were constructed in 1970. At that time, this new building marked the last stage of the development of Mount Lilydale Catholic Girls' College, which, in 1974, boasted 339 secondary and 95 primary students, including 21 boarders.
During 1973 a committee was formed to address the need for development of a boys' secondary school to meet the growing demands in the area. The decision was taken by the Sisters of Mercy to retain the presence of the Sisters of Mercy and for Mount Lilydale College to become coeducational.
Boarders ceased living at the College in 1974 and in February 1975 the first boys were enrolled and the primary section of the College began to be phased out.
### 1976--today
On 17 November 1976, Bishop Perkins opened and blessed the first extension required for this new phase of the College development.
During the past 41 years there has been a major transformation in the College facilities with further building works proposed as a result of the new College Master Plan. Currently, Mount Lilydale Mercy College accepts students from Year 7 to Year 12.
### Principals
Years Name
--------------- ------------------------
1920--1925 Gertrude Power RSM
1932--1937 Gertrude Power RSM
1948--1957 Ursula Slater RSM
1969--1973 Gabrielle Jennings RSM
1976--1989 Beth Calthorpe RSM
1990--1995 Paul Goodfellow
1996--1998 Nancy Freddi
1999--2012 Bernard Dobson
2013--present Philip A Morison
## Academic
### Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) {#victorian_certificate_of_education_vce}
Mount Lilydale Mercy College offers the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) to students at Year 11 and 12 Level. High achieving Year 10 students are also given the opportunity to undertake one VCE subject at Year 11 level (Units 1 and 2). Mount Lilydale Mercy College offers an extensive range of VCE subjects, almost all of which are run each year due to the large size of the school.
### Victorian Certificate of Applied Learning (VCAL) {#victorian_certificate_of_applied_learning_vcal}
The Victorian Certificate of Applied iLearning (VCAL) is offered to Year 11 and 12 Students at the Intermediate and Senior Level.
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# Mount Lilydale Mercy College
## Academic
### Vocational Education and Training (VET) {#vocational_education_and_training_vet}
Mount Lilydale Mercy College has a Vocational Education and Training in Schools program which has some courses offered at the College and some courses offered off campus through the Yarra Valley Vet Cluster and TAFE\'s such as Box Hill Institute and Swinburne University of Technology.
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# Mount Lilydale Mercy College
## Student life {#student_life}
Religious Education programs are run for students in Years 7-12.
Students can undertake a wide variety of student leadership positions while at the College, including class captains, prefects and membership of a student council.
## Controversies
Mount Lilydale Mercy College has experienced some controversies. In May 2015, the school ran a religious seminar that many year 12 students felt was \"biased\", \"homophobic\" and \"sexist\". The seminar, ran by a religious program called Focus on the Family Australia, affected one student to the point that she felt compelled to protest it by starting a petition, and contacting a journalist, who published an article critiquing the schools choice in what they teach their students.
In 2022, a media student\'s film featuring LGBTQ themes and imagery was denied from being shown at an exhibition meant to take place in October 2022. This incident was then mentioned in parliament and written about by The Age. The film was denied due to it not aligning with the institutions \"catholic values\".
In January 2023, the school experienced a large data breach in which up to 400 credit card numbers were stolen by \"third party hackers\". The breach included details of current and former parents whose information was still on file with the school. The school was notified of the hack on 11 January 2023 by the Australian Federal Police and notified parents in a letter send out on 30 January 2023.
## Sport
MLMC is a member of the [Eastern Independent Schools of Melbourne](https://cprewritten.net/) (EISM).
### EISM Premierships {#eism_premierships}
MLMC has won the following EISM senior premierships.
**Combined:**
- Athletics -- 1995
- Cross Country (3) -- 1993, 1994, 2022
- Swimming -- 2022
**Boys:**
- Badminton (5) -- 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2008
- Basketball (10) -- 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2001, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013
- Cricket (6) -- 2000, 2002, 2007, 2009, 2012, 2019
- Cross Country (3) -- 1993, 1994, 2004
- Football (7) -- 1992, 1993, 1994, 2002, 2009, 2012, 2013
- Golf (2) -- 2002, 2007
- Hockey (4) -- 1997, 1998, 1999, 2001
- Soccer -- 1998
- Softball (2) -- 2010, 2022
- Swimming -- 2022
- Table Tennis (2) -- 1998, 2005
- Tennis (5) -- 1989, 1991, 1992, 1998, 2003
- Ultimate Frisbee (3) -- 2021, 2022, 2023
- Volleyball (2) -- 1991, 1992
**Girls:**
- Badminton (5) -- 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008
- Basketball (13) -- 1972, 1983, 1984, 1989, 1991, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2009, 2018
- Cricket (6) -- 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009
- Cross Country (9) -- 1977, 1978, 1979, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 2022
- Football (8) -- 2002, 2003, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2017, 2018, 2022
- Hockey (2) -- 2004, 2005
- Indoor Cricket (3) -- 2008, 2016, 2018
- Netball (10) -- 1979, 1982, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1995, 1996, 2009, 2010
- Soccer (11) -- 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014
- Softball (8) -- 1984, 1998, 1999, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2015, 2021, 2024
- Swimming (2) -- 2013, 2022
- Table Tennis (2) -- 1987, 1994
- Tennis (12) -- 1985, 1986, 1989, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2006, 2008, 2009, 2017
- Touch Rugby -- 2008
- Ultimate Frisbee (5) -- 2017, 2018, 2021, 2022, 2023
- Volleyball -- 1986
**MLMC has won the following EISM Year 9 premierships
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# Messy, Seine-et-Marne
**Messy** (`{{IPA|fr|mɛsi|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Messy.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
The inhabitants are called the *Messiens*
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# Misy-sur-Yonne
**Misy-sur-Yonne** (`{{IPA|fr|mizi syʁ jɔn|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Misy-sur-Yonne.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Misy on Yonne*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Misyciens*
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# Massy–Verrières station
**Massy--Verrières station** is a station of the Île-de-France RER, in Massy, at the junction of RER B (B4 section) and RER C (C2 section)
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# Nørrebros Theater
The **Nørrebros Teater** is a theater in Copenhagen, Denmark. Notable actors who have starred at the theatre before entering film include Osvald Helmuth, Buster Larsen, Poul Reichhardt and Poul Bundgaard. It is now operated as a part of the Københavns Teater in affiliation with the Betty Nansen Teatret, Folketeatret and Østre Gasværk Teater.
## History
Nørrebros Teater originated as the site for a popular the entertainment venue, Store Ravnsborg. Nørrebros Teater opened as a dinner theater in 1886. Under the Danish Theatre Act, shows could only last up to 45 minutes and feature a limited number of actors. The repertoire consisted of farces, operettas, comedies and revue. When Aage Stentoft (1914--1990) took over the position as theatre director in the 1930s, he converted the theatre into a more international profile with operettas and musicals. The name of the theatre was changed to Det ny Scala in 1955. In 1966, Stentoft was succeeded by Karen Marie Løwert. In 1966, Stentoft was succeeded by Karen Marie Løwert )1914-2002) and the name was changed simply to Scala in 1971. Leon Feder took over the position as theatre director in 1981. He changed the name back to Nørrebros Teater to once again give it a more local profile
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# Killing Peace
***Killing Peace*** is the fourth studio album by English thrash metal band Onslaught, released in 2007. It was their first album since 1989\'s *In Search of Sanity* and the first to feature Sy Keeler since 1986\'s *The Force*.
## Critical reception {#critical_reception}
Reception to *Onslaught* was fairly similar, with generally positive receptions noting that the album bought nothing new to the genre while being a great hit hearkening back to thrash rock of the 1980s.
*Exclaim!* was positive to the cheesy lyrics combined with traditional thrash music, saying that it avoided the common failures of reinventing the genre and instead stood as a *\"a salute to the long-gone days of 80\'s thrash\"*.
While *AllMusic* again noted there was nothing groundbreaking, there was enthusiasm for their performance *\"the material is excellent, the performances inspired, crisp and undeniably focused\"* and a good comeback springboard to their earlier albums.
*Blabbermouth.net* was more negative, rating them as a 2nd-tier album between the big names and niche outfits, complaining both about the lack of originality but the monotonous nature in the latter half of the album. They also gave positives, stating that purists would be massive fans, with high quality solos and occasional moments of brilliance
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# Moisenay
**Moisenay** (`{{IPA|fr|mwaznɛ|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Moisenay.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Moseniens*
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# Daniel Wansi
**Daniel Wansi** (22 February 1982 -- 1 August 2024) was a Cameroonian professional footballer who played as a striker.
## Career
When Wansi was nineteen and playing in Cameroon\'s Cintra Yaoundé, he won the 2001 \"Crack d'Or\", best Cameroon\'s footballer of the year.
He played for Croatian First League club Inker Zaprešić in autumn 2003.
He trialled at Xiamen Lanshi in February 2006. He then played for Shenzhen Kingway.
In December 2007 he moved to Montenegrin First League club FK Budućnost Podgorica.
Wansi was part of the Cameroon U23 national team that won the 2003 All-Africa Games.
## Death
Wansi died in Yaoundé on 1 August 2024, at the age of 42
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# Ernst Horn
**Ernst Horn** (born 1949 in Munich) is a German musician who played a crucial part in founding the bands Deine Lakaien, Qntal and Helium Vola.
## Biography
Ernst Horn studied conducting, piano, and percussion in Munich, Freiburg and Hamburg. Afterwards, he worked as a conductor at the state theatres of Karlsruhe and Oldenburg, as well as a composer and as a pianist for dramas at the Bavarian State Theatre in Munich. He gave up his career as a conductor in 1985 to become a composer and specialist for electronic music. In the same year, he founded the band Deine Lakaien together with Alexander Veljanov, which is his most famous project since then. The popularity of this band has far exceeded the borders of the German speaking countries. In addition to his main occupation as musician and composer of electronic music, Ernst Horn composes and plays music for dramas and radio plays.
Horn created his own style with structured electronic compositions far away from the mainstream. His first solo-work *Einzelhaft* won the Reader Tape Contest of the Keyboard Magazine in 1988. Usually, Horn combines electronic elements with other styles of composition and/or samples. The radio play \"Greed Freedom\", where the medieval style of a hymn gets connected to spoken word samples, is a good example. It also shows Horn\'s interest in picking up political and social issues. Another feature that is used here are the voices of children. This element of style is use frequently by Horn as, e.g., on the *Helium Vola* album \"Liod\", or in the piece \"Acht\", which shows the good sense of humor of this artist as well.
In commissioned compositions for the Neue Philharmonie Frankfurt (\"Spiegelarien\", 2009) and within the framework of the Leipzig Bach Festival (\"B.A.C.H. -- Alternative Compositions on Historical Basics\", 2012), Ernst Horn combined works of old masters like G. F. Handel and J. S. Bach with his own compositions, which are influenced by 20th-century classical music.
Ernst Horn lives and works in Munich. Fellow Municher Rudy Ratzinger (Wumpscut) dedicated a song to him.
## Discography (solo) {#discography_solo}
- 1989: Johnny Bumm -- Wurstsemmeln/ Sauerkraut \[12\" Vinyl- Maxi + Maxi-CD\]
- 1991: The Skies over Baghdad \[CD-Album\]
- 1998: Johnny Bumm\'s wake \[CD-Album\]
- 2003: Lili Marleen, Baghdad 2/91 \[Mini-CD-Album\]
## Radio plays {#radio_plays}
- 1994: Johann Gottfried Seume -- Einige Nachrichten zu den Vorfällen in Polen im Jahre 1794 \[Sendung im BR\]
- 1995: Velimir Chlebnikov -- Die Zukunft des Radio \[Sendung im BR\]
- 1997: Carlfriedrich Claus -- Basale Sprech- Operationsräume (Remix) \[Sendung auf Bayern 2\]
- 2008: Greed / Freedom \[Sendung auf Bayern 2\]
- 2009: Klinik \[CD \"Klinik/ Muttersterben: Michael Lentz Hörspiele\"\]
## Remixes
- 1994: Project Pitchfork -- Renascence (Opera Mix) \[Maxi-CD \"Project Pitchfork -- Renascence\"\]
- 1999: Wolfsheim -- Heroin, She Said (Ernst Horn-Remix) \[CD-Sampler \"Zillo Mystic Sounds 8\"\]
- 1999: Das Ich -- He Mensch (remixed by Ernst Horn) \[CD-Album \"Das Ich -- re_laborat\"\]
- 1999: Silence -- Scream (remix by ernst horn) \[Maxi-CD \"Silence -- Son Of Sin\"\]
- 2000: Walter Ruttmann -- Sympathie für Schulze (Remix) \[CD- Sampler \"Walter Ruttmann Weekend Remix\"\]
- 2002: VNV Nation -- Beloved (Deine Lakaien- Remix) \[Maxi- CD \"VNV Nation -- Beloved.1\"\]
- 2006: Silence -- Scream, Greeneyes (Ernst Horn- Remix) \[CD- Sampler \"Key-Anthology/Rarities\"\]
## Further songs {#further_songs}
- 1988: Ernst Horn -- Einzelhaft (Keyboard Soundpage Contest Winner) \[Vinyl, 7\" Flexi-disc\]
- 1995: Ernst Horn -- Acht \[CD- Sampler \"Dem Rhythmus sein Bruder\"\]
- 2000: Ernst Horn -- The Cliffs Of Norway \[CD- Sampler \"Subout by Waldorf\"\]
- 2002: Dracul fest
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# Raymond Savignac
**Raymond Savignac** (`{{IPA|fr|saviɲak|lang}}`{=mediawiki}; 6 November 1907, Paris, -- 29 October 2002, Trouville-sur-Mer), often just abbreviated to \"Savignac\", was a French graphic artist famous for his commercial posters. His work is distinguished by a humorous simplicity.
Self-taught, he started designing posters under the direction of Cassandre, but met his greatest success with the poster for Yoplait yogurt, which featured the udders of a cow directly supplying the \"milk yogurt\" with milk.
Another famous poster was called \"La Guerre des boutons\" (War of Buttons).
In 1949, Savignac\'s works were exhibited with those of his contemporary poster artist Bernard Villemot at the Gallery of Beaux Arts in Paris. A permanent display of his work may be found at the Montebello Museum in Trouville, where he spent his last years. There is also a beachfront walk dedicated to him. Many of his posters depicted the Norman seaside town. These works can be seen there. His murals can be seen also around town
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# A642 road
The **A642** is an A-road in West Yorkshire, England which runs from Huddersfield to the A64 near Leeds. It partly follows the route of a historic turnpike road, which is evidenced by surviving toll houses.
The road begins at Waterloo 2 mi east of the town centre at the junction with A629 and continues via Lepton to Grange Moor where the A637 branches off. From there it passes through Middlestown and Horbury (on the Horbury bypass) and leads to the junction with A638 west of Wakefield City Centre.
In Wakefield it follows the route of A638 and A61, branching off the latter north of the city centre and continuing via Stanley, Junction 30 of the M62 Motorway, Oulton, Swillington, and Garforth before meeting the M1 Motorway at Junction 47, where also A656 joins. North of the latter, the road continues as B1217.
It is joined by B6433 in Lepton and B6118 in Grange Moor, crosses B6117 in Horbury Bridge, A639 in Oulton, B6475 in Lupset, and A61 in Wakefield City Centre. Branches of B6128 join west and east of Horbury. East of Horbury it passes under the M1 motorway without a junction. The new Wakefield Eastern Relief Road, opened in 2017, connects to the A642 in Stanley
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# Alun Davies (politician)
**Thomas Alun Rhys Davies** (born 12 February 1964) is a Welsh Labour and Co-operative party politician serving as the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Blaenau Gwent since 2011, and formerly Mid and West Wales from 2007 to 2011. He has served in several Welsh government offices, including Cabinet Secretary for Local Government and Public Services, Minister for Lifelong Learning and Welsh Language, and Minister for Natural Resources and Food.
Davies previously worked as a public affairs consultant, and began his political career in Plaid Cymru before joining Welsh Labour. He was sacked from his Cabinet role in 2014 for pressuring civil servants to reveal private information about opposition Members, shortly after facing calls to resign after an investigation determined he had breached the Ministerial Code on a separate issue.
## Background
Davies was born in Tredegar and went to Tredegar Comprehensive School followed by the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth where he graduated with a BSc (Econ) degree in International Politics in 1986. He was involved in student politics at the time and was elected President of the National Union of Students Wales. He first worked as a campaigner on environmental issues for the World Wide Fund for Nature, and later as a poverty campaigner for Oxfam during which time he visited Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia.
## Professional career {#professional_career}
Davies worked as public and corporate affairs manager for Hyder, which combined Wales\' main utilities, and Davies specialised in its capital investment programme. He subsequently transferred to be Head of Public Affairs at the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, and later became Director of Corporate Affairs for Welsh language television station S4C. In 2004 he started Bute Communications, his own public affairs consultancy.
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# Alun Davies (politician)
## Political career {#political_career}
Davies stood as a Plaid-Green Alliance candidate for the Blaenau Gwent parliamentary seat in 1992. He also stood for Plaid Cymru in 1997 in the Cynon Valley.
After taking some years out of politics to pursue his professional career he was selected as Labour\'s candidate in Ceredigion at the 2005 general election.
On 10 August, Davies became the fifth Welsh Assembly Member (AM) to declare an interest in standing to be the next Welsh Labour Leader and next First Minister. He withdrew on 18 September 2018 after failing to secure any nominations and instead endorsed Eluned Morgan.
### Senedd
He was chosen as first on the Labour Party list for \'top-up\' seats from the Mid and West Wales region for the 2007 Assembly election, and because of Labour losses in the region the party secured two seats. Since being elected to the Assembly he was awarded the BBC Wales\' AM:PM award for \"Newcomer of the Year\" and has chaired the Broadcasting Committee and the Rural Development Sub-Committee.
In July 2009 he was selected to fight his home seat of Blaenau Gwent at the next Assembly elections; he won the seat with a majority of 9,120 over the Independent candidate.
On 13 May 2011 Davies was appointed Deputy Minister for Agriculture, Food, Fisheries and European Programmes in the Welsh Government.
On 14 March 2013 he was appointed Minister for Natural Resources and Food in the Welsh Government. Davies was however removed in July 2014 by First Minister Carwyn Jones from the Cabinet for \"unacceptable behaviour\" involving requests for information about farm subsidies paid to opposition AMs including Plaid Cymru AM Llyr Gruffydd and Conservative Antoinette Sandbach.
In May 2016 he was re-elected as the Assembly Member for Blaenau Gwent and was re-appointed to the Welsh Government as Minister for Lifelong Learning and the Welsh Language where he was responsible for the new Welsh language strategy to create a million Welsh speakers and reforming the education framework for learners with additional learning needs.
After a BBC Newsnight report on the Welsh language, Davies publicly released a rebuttal as Minister for the Welsh Language in August 2017, stating the broadcaster had presented the issue as if \"the Welsh language had to justify its own existence\". He questioned the decision to not bring on a Welsh speaker to talk about the language as part of the broadcast, and accused the London broadcaster of treating Wales \"like a nation far away about whom Newsnight knows little\".
On 3 November 2017, Davies was appointed Cabinet Secretary for Local Government and Public Services. He again left the cabinet in December 2018 after a re-shuffle by incoming First Minister Mark Drakeford.
In January 2022, Davies called for those who are unvaccinated against COVID-19 to be banned from using public transport, coffee shops and gyms.
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# Alun Davies (politician)
## Controversies
In 2005, while Labour\'s candidate for Ceredigion, he clashed with Welsh actor Rhys Ifans at a Cardiff hotel over support for the Iraq War. The police were called, no charges were brought and Davies subsequently apologised.
After becoming an AM in 2007, he was criticised for claiming back the mortgage interest payments for a home he bought in Cardiff five years before he became an AM.
In the Spring of 2014 he confessed to entering into a relationship with his own special advisor, Anna McMorrin, and confirmed that both had left their long-term partners as a result. McMorrin was moved from her role.
On 10 June 2014, the First Minister announced an investigation into a letter Davies wrote to Natural Resources Wales (NRW) regarding environmental concerns with the proposed development of the Circuit of Wales race track in his own constituency. As well as making up part of his ministerial portfolio, NRW had expressed concerns about the race tracks development. In an investigation undertaken by Permanent Secretary Derek Jones, his report published on 1 July 2014 concluded that Davies had breached the Ministerial Code. The report noted that in March 2013, Davies had been advised by his own department not to lobby even as the AM in the case of the race track, but had ignored this advice and had then written to NRW as the affected AM. The report also revealed that the First Minister had contacted Davies in August 2013, after Davies had expressed support for the circuit openly in quote to the *Western Mail* newspaper. Davies faced no punishment by the First Minister, but endured sustained calls for him to resign due to his behaviour.
On 8 July 2014 he was sacked by First Minister Carwyn Jones following his repeated written requests to his civil servants for the private details of Common Agricultural Policy payments made to opposition members, including: Andrew RT Davies (Leader, Welsh Conservatives); Antoinette Sandbach (Conservative); Kirsty Williams (Leader, Welsh Liberal Democrats); William Powell (Welsh Liberal Democrats); and Llyr Gruffydd (Plaid Cymru).
In October 2018 he was criticised for comparing councils who asked for extra funding to Oliver Twist.
He was suspended from the Welsh Labour group in the Senedd on 19 January 2021 after allegedly drinking alcohol on Senedd premises while a ban on alcohol sales was in force throughout Wales. The incident happened on 8 December 2020 when Alun Davies met with conservative members Paul Davies, Darren Millar and Nick Ramsay over alcohol in a Tŷ Hywel tearoom to seek their support on his Bill, Welsh Hearts Bill. The Senedd Commission said it was investigating the incident which \"may have been contrary to public health regulations\". Welsh Government brought in COVID-19 regulations on 4 December 2020, banning the sale of alcohol in licensed premises. At the time of the suspension Alun Davies said he was sorry that the incident gave the impression that he was not upholding the regulations, adding that \"The Senedd Commission has already confirmed to me that I did not breach the coronavirus regulations on the consumption of either food or alcohol that were in force at that time.\"
Alun Davies was re-admitted to the Welsh Labour group in the Senedd on the 23 February 2021, he also continued to stand in the 2021 Senedd election for his constituency. He was reelected
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# Angelo Faticoni
**Angelo Faticoni** (1859 -- August 2, 1931) was a professional freakshow artist and contortionist who was renowned for his unusual buoyancy. He was known as the \'Human Cork\'.
Faticoni was an Italian-American who discovered during his early childhood that he was able to float for long periods of time, although he did not use his abilities professionally until later life. Faticoni\'s professional feats include being sewn into a sack and thrown into a river attached to a 20-pound cannonball. A journalist at the time reported that Faticoni soon poked his head out of the sack and \"he remained motionless in that position for hours\".
On another occasion, the artist swam across the Hudson River tied to a chair which was weighted with lead. Doctors at Harvard University tested Faticoni\'s abilities by observing him in a pool of water with a 20-pound lead weight tied to him. Faticoni stayed afloat for 15 hours. Doctors concluded that Faticoni\'s abilities were due to abnormal internal organs.
Though contemporary scientists were unable to find illusionism in Faticoni\'s work, the media frequently suggested that his unusually abilities were due to other-worldly forces. Popular psychics of the time suggested that spirits assisted him with staying afloat. Although the \'Human Cork\' promised to reveal the secret of his buoyancy, he died before he was able to, passing away on August 2, 1931, at St. Vincent\'s Hospital whilst visiting relatives in Jacksonville, Florida. Faticoni\'s obituary in *The New York Times* carried the headline; \"Human Cork dies, secret untold\"
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# Marco Lietti
**Marco Lietti** (born 20 April 1965, in Gravedona) is an Italian former road cyclist, who was a professional rider from 1988 to 1997. He only rode for Italian teams.
## Major results {#major_results}
1986
: 1st Coppa Collecchio
1988
: 3rd Gran Piemonte
: 9th Firenze--Pistoia
1990
: 1st Stage 6 Volta a Catalunya
: 2nd Giro di Toscana
: 2nd Giro dell\'Appennino
: 4th Giro del Friuli
: 9th GP des Amériques
1991
: 1st Stage 16 Tour de France
: 3rd Overall Giro di Puglia
1992
: 2nd Trofeo Matteotti
: 2nd Giro del Friuli
: 3rd G.P
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# Contour Aviation
**Corporate Flight Management, Inc.**, doing business as **Contour Aviation**, is a multifaceted aviation services company based in Smyrna, Tennessee, United States. It started operations in 1982 as an on-demand charter service for passengers and freight in the southern United States, as well as a full-service Federal Aviation Administration certificated repair station and a fixed-base operator. Contour maintains its corporate office at the Smyrna Airport. It currently operates charter flights, provides aircraft management, sales, government services, and maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO) services.
Contour Aviation is the parent company of Contour Airlines, a public charter operator which provides scheduled domestic service like a regional airline. Contour Airlines charters 30-seat Embraer regional jets operated by Contour Aviation and then resells seats on that aircraft to the public. The arrangement allows Contour to utilize pilots who are qualified to operate charter services, who can be either less experienced or older than allowed on commercial passenger flights.
## Fleet
As of March 2024, Contour Aviation fleet includes the following aircraft:
Aircraft In service Orders Passengers Notes
------------------------ ------------ -------- ------------ ----------------------------------------------
Bombardier CRJ100 1 --- 16 Used to operate private jet charter flights.
Bombardier CRJ200 5 --- 30 Used to operate Contour Airlines flights.
6 --- 16 Used to operate private jet charter flights.
Cessna Citation Excel 1 --- 8 Used to operate private jet charter flights.
Embraer Legacy 600 1 --- 13 Used to operate private jet charter flights.
Embraer ERJ 135 ER 6 --- 30 Used to operate Contour Airlines flights.
Embraer ERJ 135 LR 4 --- 30 Used to operate Contour Airlines flights.
Embraer ERJ 140 8 --- 30 Used to operate Contour Airlines flights.
Embraer ERJ 145 3 --- 30 Used to operate Contour Airlines flights
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# Bodil Udsen
**Bodil Birgitte Udsen** (12 January 1925 -- 26 February 2008) was a Danish actress.
She was a student at the Rysensteen Gymnasium in Copenhagen in 1944 and entered film in 1955. She also worked extensively in Danish theatre and appeared in the Danish TV series Huset på Christianshavn as Emma from 1970 to 1977.
## Selected filmography {#selected_filmography}
- *Blændværk* (1955) -- Dame fra børneværnet
- *Mig og min familie* (1957) -- Grete
- *Styrmand Karlsen* (1958) -- Olga
- *Kvindelist og kærlighed* (1960) -- Gerda Høg Hansen
- *Poeten og Lillemor og Lotte* (1960) -- The midwife
- *Eventyrrejsen* (1960) -- Fru Bertelsen
- *Sommerlandet* (1961) -- Speaker (voice)
- *Poeten og Lillemor i forårshumør* (1961) -- Jordmoderen
- *Støv på hjernen* (1961) -- Rigmor Hansen
- *Eventyr på Mallorca* (1961) -- \'Fruggi\' Berthelsen
- *Flemming på kostskole* (1961) -- Økonoma frk. Svendsen
- *Det støver stadig* (1962) -- Fru Rigmor Hansen
- *Der brænder en ild* (1962) -- Marie
- *Vi har det jo dejligt* (1963) -- Opfinderens kone
- *Frøken April* (1963) -- Fru Rasmussen
- *Støv for alle pengene* (1963) -- Fru Rigmor
- *Selvmordsskolen* (1964) -- Sundhedsplejerske
- *Don Olsen kommer til byen* (1964) -- Enken
- *Mor bag rattet* (1965) -- Lillemus (Fru Mortensen)
- *Tre små piger* (1966) -- Fru
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# Čedomilj Mijatović
**Count Čedomilj Mijatović** (`{{lang-sr-Cyrl|Чедомиљ Мијатовић}}`{=mediawiki}; 17 October 1842 -- May 14, 1932) was a Serbian statesman, economist, historian, writer and diplomat.
Mijatović served as the Minister of Finance six times between 1873 and 1894 and as the Minister of Foreign Affairs between 1880 and 1881 and again from 1888 to 1889. He was one of the leaders of the liberal Serbian Progressive Party. He also served as the Minister plenipotentiary of Serbia to the Court of St James\'s (1884--1885; 1895--1900, and 1902/1903), to Romania (1894), and the Ottoman Empire (1900).
## Biography
### Early life and education {#early_life_and_education}
His father Milan (1805--1852) was a lawyer who came to Serbia from the southern part of the Austrian Empire and became a teacher of Latin, history, and geography in Belgrade\'s First Gymnasium (Grammar School). However, Čedomilj Mijatović was primarily influenced by his mother, Rakila Kristina (1826--1901), who was of mixed Serbian-Spanish origin.
Mijatović studied a combination of economic courses and sciences in Munich, Zurich and Leipzig between 1863 and 1865 and completed his education by gaining experience from the National Bank of Austria and Kredit Anstalt in Vienna. He was a student of Lorenz von Stein and Karl Heinrich Rau and also accepted in his book theses the influences of Frédéric Bastiat and Henry Charles Carey. During his studies in Germany, he met his future British wife Elodie Lawton (1825--1908), previously a dedicated abolitionist in Boston, who influenced him significantly, and turned him into a devoted Anglophile. She was the first English-speaking female historian in Serbia and she published *The History of Modern Serbia* in 1872. Later she published a collection of Serbian folk short stories and a collection of Serbian epic poems.
At the age of 23, he became a professor at the Belgrade\'s Grandes écoles, the highest educational institution in Serbia of that age. He taught political economy and wrote three very influential textbooks, two of which were based on Lorenz von Stein. In these works, he demonstrated his affinity for the liberal economy and influenced many later Serbian economists to take similar positions. As a professor, he started campaigning in favor of building a railway through Serbia. He gained many supporters among merchants and educated men for this idea, but many opposed him in Serbia during this campaign. He was also the earliest critic of communist and socialist utopian ideas in Serbia. His translation of Henry Thomas Buckle\'s book *History of Civilisation in England*, was published in Serbian in 1871 and influenced several generations of pro-Western Serbs.
### Efforts to reform the Serbian Orthodox Church {#efforts_to_reform_the_serbian_orthodox_church}
Miјatović\'s wife was a member of the Wesleyan Church and was able to imbue her husband with nonconformist religious devotion. However, he always remained faithful to the Serbian Orthodox Church but wanted to bring some religious zeal into it. That was not a very popular task in Serbia of his time. He found a collaborator in this endeavor in the person of a Belgrade priest Aleksa Ilić who established a religious monthly *Hrishchanski Vesnik* (*Christian Messenger*, in Serbian Cyrillic: *Хришћански весник*), the first journal dedicated to a religious revival in Serbia. A Scottish philanthropist Francis Mackenzie who settled in Belgrade helped this project materially and Miјatović remained one of the main contributors of the journal.
He was the most active and influential Serbian translator from English during the 19th century. The bibliography of his translations includes about a dozen titles. Most of them deal with religious topics. That was his effort to contribute to a religious revival. His translations into Serbian include sermons of well-known British preachers such as Dr. Charles Haddon Spurgeon, Canon Henry Parry Liddon and Dr. Macduff. He also translated John Bunyan\'s *The Pilgrim\'s Progress* and Dr. David Brown\'s *Commentaries to the Gospels*.
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# Čedomilj Mijatović
## Biography
### Miјatović as cabinet minister {#miјatović_as_cabinet_minister}
At the age of thirty-one, he was already Minister of Finance at the end of 1873. He started his career as a protégé of the leader of the subsequent Liberal Party, Jovan Ristić, but soon joined the club of so-called young conservatives who turned into a kind of the personal party of the Serbian ruler, Prince Milan Obrenović (Prince from 1868, and King from 1882 till 1889). In the Government of Jovan Marinović, from November 1873 till December 1874 he was Minister of Finance for the second time and in that capacity, he was instrumental in bringing important reforms. He introduced the metric system to Serbia. Serbia joined the Latin Monetary Union and he christened the new domestic currency, the *dinar*, after Serbia\'s medieval silver currency. He always considered his most important achievement in this government the law stipulating the amount of property that had to be left to peasants, and could not be confiscated to cover their debts. This minimal amount included peasant\'s house, a yoke of oxen, the plow, and five acres of land. He was elected for the third time as Minister of Finance in the Government of Danilo Stefanović in 1875. Mijatović along with Dimitrije Matić, Konstantin Cukić, Mihailo Vujić and a couple of others were among the top economists of the last decade of the Constitutionalist period.
The group of young conservatives he joined established the newspaper *Videlo* and soon came to power in October 1880. In the Government of Milan Piroćanac, Mijatović got two tenures. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs for the fourth time and Minister of Finance. Being a close friend of the ruler and in control of the two key ministries, he was considered by many diplomats as the most influential person of this Cabinet. Prince Milan used him for the most significant missions. The two decisions that shaped Serbia\'s history for many years were carried out by Mijatović.
When modern political parties were created in Serbia, in 1881, the Progressive Party turned out to be the only of the three Serbian parties (the other two being the mostly pro-Russian Liberal Party and very pro-Russian Radical Party) that was ready to make an agreement with Austria-Hungary, which became the most influential country in Serbia after the Congress of Berlin in 1878. The ruler decided to open a new page in Serbian foreign policy and arranged that a secret convention should be signed with the Habsburg monarchy. Mijatović was gradually entrusted by the ruler to complete this task and on June 28, 1881, he signed the Secret Convention by which Serbia got the diplomatic and political backing of the Habsburg Empire but abandoned her independence in the field of Foreign Policy. When the two other most prominent members of the Cabinet, Prime Minister Piroćanac and Home Minister Garašanin learned about the exact contents of the Convention they decided to resign but had to accept the new reality in the end. In return, Mijatović had to resign his post as Minister of Foreign Affairs and kept only his tenure at the Ministry of Finance. His last act as Minister of Foreign Affairs was to sign a Consular Convention and a Commercial Agreement with the United States of America on October 14. 1881. During talks that preceded the signing of the Secret Convention Mijatović was well received in Vienna by the Emperor Francis Joseph and other dignitaries of the Empire. The Emperor later decorated him with the first class of the Order of the Iron Crown, which entitled its bearer to become an Austro-Hungarian count. Serbian citizens were banned by the Serbian constitution to accept any nobility titles. It is not clear if Mijatović ever officially submitted an application to become an Austro-Hungarian count, yet he used this title openly since 1915, being the only Serb from the Kingdom of Serbia who did it.
### Affair with Union Général {#affair_with_union_général}
As the Minister of Finance Mijatović had to secure Serbia\'s commitments from the Berlin Treaty by which she undertook to build the part of the Vienna-Constantinople railway line that went through Serbia. Since Serbia could not finance the project herself a proper foreign creditor had to be found and a Parisian financial society called Union Général was selected in 1881. Unfortunately, it faced bankruptcy as soon as the beginning of 1882, which brought the already shaky state of Serbian finances very close to complete disaster. Learning of the bankruptcy Mijatović urgently traveled to Paris and there supported by Austro-Hungarian diplomacy found a way out. Another financial house Comptoir national d\'escompte de Paris (CNEP) took on the projects without detriment to Serbia. In spite of this success, the reputation of Mijatović\'s party suffered a serious blow and never recovered. It turned out that the agents of the Union Général in Belgrade had tried to bribe many MPs and politicians and the reputation of the Progressivists suffered the most from this. He took personal part in preparing a law on the establishment of the National Bank of Serbia that was passed by the Serbian Parliament in January 1883. He advocated the establishment of such an institution long before and had an opportunity to establish it during his tenure. The Government of the Progressivists resigned in October 1883.
### Negotiator of the Peace Treaty at Bucharest {#negotiator_of_the_peace_treaty_at_bucharest}
Being a lonely Serbian Anglophile Mijatović wished to be appointed as the first Serbian Minister in London, but had to wait until October 1884 when he became the second Serbian Minister at the Court of St James\'s. During this tenure, he came into contact with many influential persons but his diplomatic post in London soon ended since he was appointed to be the sole Serbian negotiator in Bucharest where peace negotiations were scheduled following the Serbo-Bulgarian War. Serbia attacked Bulgaria on November 14, 1885, and within two weeks suffered a humiliating defeat. It was thanks to the Secret Convention signed with Austria-Hungary that Serbia was able to get out of the war without suffering more serious consequences. In Bucharest Mijatović and the Bulgarian representative Ivan Evstratiev Geshov concluded, on March 3, 1886, one of the shortest treaties in diplomatic history with one article only: *Article seul et unique. -- L'état de paix qui a cessé d'exister entre le Royaume de Serbie et la Principauté du Bulgarie le 2--14 Novembre, 1885, est rétabli à partir de l'échange de ratification du present traité qui aura lieu à Bucharest.* Mijatović proved to be a peacemaker since he had ignored instructions from Belgrade that were prepared in such a way that he was supposed to find an excuse for a new war. Apparently, Mijatović was more worried about what sort of reputation he would have in England if negotiations failed than about criticism from Belgrade for his conciliatory approach.
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# Čedomilj Mijatović
## Biography
### First self exile to London {#first_self_exile_to_london}
Having returned from Bucharest Mijatović became for the fifth time Finance Minister in the Government of Milutin Garašanin in 1886/1887. Finally, in 1887/1889 he was for the second time Foreign Minister in the Government of Nikola Hristić (Hristić). In this capacity, he signed a renewal of the Secret Convention. However, the decision of King Milan to abdicate on March 6, 1889, effectively ended his special position at the Court. The new government encouraged persecution of the members of the Progressive Party. Faced with all these failures he decided to leave Serbia and withdrew to Britain in September 1889.
He found refuge in London where he spent years between 1889 and 1894 and was committed to writing novels in Serbian based on gothic novels of Sir Walter Scott and historical works. Novels that he wrote in these years made him perhaps the most popular Serbian writer of his age. He added to his fame by publishing a book entitled *On Conditions for Success* \[*О условима успеха*/*O uslovima uspeha*\] in 1892 based on Samuel Smiles\' bestseller *Self-Help*. In Britain, he became well known when he published a book on the last Byzantine Emperor. Owing to this book he was elected to be an honorary member of the Royal Historical Society, being the first Serb to attain such a distinction. Sometime earlier he had become the second President of the Serbian Royal Academy, in 1888, but he resigned this post in 1889. It was in London, where Mijatović obtained introductions to the most celebrated writers in Britain and became a contributor to the Encyclopædia Britannica.
### Diplomatic career {#diplomatic_career}
In 1894 he returned from his self-exile to become Minister of Finance for the sixth and last time, but his tenure ended with the resignation of the whole Government after only two months in April 1894. He spent the rest of that year as a Serbian Minister in Bucharest but was recalled at the end of 1894. In April 1895 he got his favorite appointment. He became for the second time Serbian Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of St James\'s and kept this position until 1900. During this mandate he represented Serbia at the Hague Peace Conference in May--July 1899 where he advocated very progressive views, but both Aleksandar Obrenović and the Serbian Government did not share his enthusiasm for the instruments of international law and international arbitration. In 1900 he was put in the most important diplomatic place for Serbia. He became Serbian Minister in Constantinople but was recalled since he did not agree with the marriage of the Serbian King Alexander with a lady who was a commoner and a widow. He became a Serbian senator in 1901 and stayed in London trying to establish a Serbian Commercial Agency. At the end of 1902, he was appointed for the third time to be Serbian Minister in London, and he presented his credentials to King Edward VII in January 1903.
In the early morning of June 11, 1903, a conspiracy of Serbian officers killed King Alexander Obrenović and his unpopular wife Queen Draga. Having murdered them they threw their naked bodies out of a window. The new government consisted of regicides and it appointed Petar Karađorđević to be the new ruler of Serbia. The very event and composition of the new Cabinet caused widespread condemnation throughout Europe but only Britain and the Netherlands decided to break off diplomatic relations with Serbia. Mijatović was himself horrified and he was the only Serbian diplomat who resigned his post on June 22. This act was never forgiven to him by influential political circles in Belgrade.
Mijatović\'s name became known around the world thanks to a clairvoyant session that he attended together with a famous Victorian journalist William Thomas Stead. The result of the clairvoyant session that took place on the night of March 20, 1903, in Stead\'s opinion was that \'the bloody tragedy in the palace was seen clairvoyantly three months before it took place, and described in the hearing of at least a dozen credible witnesses\'. Almost all the British dailies, as well as the American and continental press, commented on the prophecy. Later he was very much influenced by Stead and became a leading Serbian adherent of spiritism.
After the May Coup Mijatović stayed in London until the end of his life, though he tendered his resignation when the new Serbian government was formed in 1903. Mijatović was replaced by diplomat Aleksandar Jovičić (1856-1934). In 1908 he published his most popular book in English that went through three British and three American editions entitled *Servia and the Servians*. His reputation in Serbia after 1903 suffered greatly due to false rumors that he was implicated in a conspiracy to bring Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, beloved son of Queen Victoria, to the throne of Serbia. In 1911 he met King Peter Karageorgević in Paris and from this moment he was fully reconciled with the new regime in Serbia. Therefore, it is not surprising that he was considered as an unofficial member of the Serbian delegation in London during the London Conference in December 1912. Being a widower from 1908 he was considered as a favorite candidate of both the Serbian Government and the King to become the Archbishop of Skopje, which had two years earlier been incorporated to the Serbian state. But these efforts failed.
He became very active again at the beginning of the First World War. He wrote many letters and articles to British dailies but his most remarkable action in this field was his visit to the United States and Canada. He was accompanied by the most famous British suffragette, Emmeline Pankhurst, who championed the causes of Britain\'s small allies (Belgium and Serbia) during World War I. A visit to the United States of America and Canada with such a well-known person caused such a sensation, brought crowds to Mijatović\'s lectures and enabled him to have well-attended lectures and to give interviews to the leading dailies.
He died in London on May 14, 1932.
He was awarded Order of the White Eagle, Legion of Honour, Order of the Cross of Takovo and a number of other decorations.
## Works in English {#works_in_english}
He published 19 books in Serbian, and 6 books in English:
- *Constantine, the Last Emperor of the Greeks or the Conquest of Constantinople by the Turks (A.D. 1453)*, the first Serbian contribution to Byzantine history in English; after the *Latest Historical Researches* (London: Sampson Low, Marston & Company, 1892)
- *Ancestors of the House of Orange* (1892)
- *A Royal Tragedy. Being the Story of the Assassination of King Alexander and Queen Draga of Servia* (London: Eveleigh Nash, 1906)
- *Servia and the Servians* (London: Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, 1908)
- *A Short History of Russia and the Balkan States*, authored with Sir Donald Mackenzie Wallace, Prince Kropotkin and J. D. Bourchier (London: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company, 1914)
- *The Memoirs of a Balkan Diplomatist* (London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne: Cassell and Co., 1917)
His book *Servia and the Servians* together with his entries on Serbia in the Tenth and Eleventh editions of the *Encyclopædia Britannica* served a very important purpose of offering a favourable view of Serbia to the Anglo-American public at the beginning of the twentieth century in a very turbulent and decisive period for Serbia. He was arguably among the first Serbs to contribute to the *Encyclopædia Britannica* and some of his entries were reproduced up until 1973. The other was Prince Bojidar Karageorgevitch.
| 1,267 |
Čedomilj Mijatović
| 2 |
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# Čedomilj Mijatović
## Assessment
His long life in Britain made him a cultural bridge between the two nations. His role in British-Serbian relations is unmatched in terms of his influence on mutual relations. Many British Balkan experts were aware of this and had a very high opinion of Mijatović. James David Bourchier, a correspondent of *The Times*, remarked that \"he is generally regarded by his fellow countrymen as the most learned man in Servia.\" William T. Stead, who met him during the Peace Conference in The Hague, was so delighted with him that he wrote: "It was almost worthwhile creating the Kingdom Servia if only to qualify Čedomilj Mijatovitch for a seat in the Parliament of the Nations." Stead also had such a high opinion of Mijatović as a diplomat that in 1903 he remarked: "He is far and away from the best known, the most distinguished, and the most respected diplomatist the Balkan Peninsula has yet produced." The leading British daily *The Times* covered almost every step Mijatović took during the eighties, especially through its Vienna correspondents. There are almost 300 contemporary articles of *The Times* mentioning Mijatović. At no time before had any Serbian minister, or any Serb at all, enjoyed such sympathies from The Times as did Mijatović in the last two decades of the nineteenth century. When he resigned his tenure as the President of the Serbian Royal Academy The Times commented: "Of all the statesmen in Servia, M. Mijatovitch is probably the one who holds the highest character in foreign countries. He has filled the principal offices in Servia, not only those that are rewarded for party services, by those conferred by public consent, if not by public acclamation, on men whose abilities are not judged by mere party conflicts." Mijatović is considered to be the leading Serbian Liberal politician, alongside Slobodan Jovanović.
His whole working life was strongly influenced by the culture of Victorian Britain. In introducing Gothic novels into Serbian literature he was influenced by Sir Walter Scott. The inspiration for his religious pieces originated from Charles Haddon Spurgeon and Cannon Henry Parry Liddon. Even his policy was inspired by British statesmen, especially by William Ewart Gladstone and Lord Salisbury. In Britain, he became familiar with spiritualism, a widespread habit during the Victorian era. Through the influence of William Thomas Stead and Sir Oliver Lodge he gradually became an ardent believer in spiritualism and supernatural phenomena. Another British influence came in the field of parliamentarians. Mijatović wished to copy British budgetary debates but the Serbian parliament consisting mostly of peasant MPs did not quite understand this effort. Finally, he wanted to transmit a Protestant vision of ethics of labor and capital as formulated in bestsellers of Samuel Smiles and in the works of some Presbyterians. For this reason, he was called in a biography published on him in Serbian \"a Victorian among Serbs\"
| 481 |
Čedomilj Mijatović
| 3 |
11,099,997 |
# Vulnerable dog breeds of the United Kingdom
thumb\|right\|There were only 37 Skye Terrier puppies registered with the Kennel Club in 2010 **Vulnerable Native Breeds** are a group of dog breeds originating in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and identified by The Kennel Club (KC) as having annual registration numbers of 300 puppies or fewer within the UK. The KC identified its need for such a list in June 2003, with research it conducted to identify the extent of the vulnerability and viability of each breed. It was a joint project, with the KC working with the British and Irish Native Breeds Trust, later to be known simply as the Native Dog Breeds Trust. The breeds on the list have been promoted at events such as Discover Dogs and Crufts, and by asking that owners of these breeds mate their dogs rather than having them spayed.
The majority of the list comes from the Terrier Group, a group mostly derived from breeds with backgrounds in the British Isles. The most marked drop in popularity is that of the Sealyham Terrier, which registered 1,084 breeds in 1938, but by 2004 was registering only sixty dogs a year. In October 2011, British magazine *Country Life* highlighted the breed on its front cover, with the heading \"SOS: Save our Sealyhams,\" and launched a campaign to save the breed. The Otterhound, popular during the time of Henry VIII, has registration numbers of less than a thousand world wide.
The list was originally compiled in January 2006, and included 28 breeds. Later in 2006, the Miniature Bull Terrier was added. In 2007, after consultation with the breed clubs involved, the Bloodhound, Gordon Setter and King Charles Spaniel were re-classed as \"Viable\" rather than vulnerable. The English Setter is the newest addition to the list, having been added for the first time in 2012. However, during 2012 the number of English Setter puppies registered increased to 314, so the breed was moved to the Kennel Club\'s \"At Watch\" list, which is for breeds with registrations from 300-450. Breeds on the \"At Watch\" list included in 2013 the English Setter, the Old English Sheepdog, the Irish Terrier, the Irish Wolfhound, the Welsh Springer Spaniel, the Pembroke Welsh Corgi, and the Welsh Terrier.
image:Two otterhounds.jpg\|The Otterhound image:Wilczarz hart 0001.jpg\|A Scottish Deerhound, and a Greyhound, two sighthounds on the list image:Seter irlandzki i gordony
| 395 |
Vulnerable dog breeds of the United Kingdom
| 0 |
11,100,004 |
# Michael Andersson (cyclist)
**Michael Andersson** (born 4 March 1967) is a Swedish former road cyclist who was a professional rider from 1995 to 2001. He competed three times at the Summer Olympics (1992, 1996 and 2000). Andersson is a three-time winner of the Tour of Sweden. Andersson started in the Giro d\'Italia two times, and in the Vuelta a España four times; the only Grand Tour he finished was the 1995 Vuelta a España
| 75 |
Michael Andersson (cyclist)
| 0 |
11,100,015 |
# Mondreville, Seine-et-Marne
**Mondreville** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃dʁəvil|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Mondreville.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Mondrevillois*
| 26 |
Mondreville, Seine-et-Marne
| 0 |
11,100,016 |
# I Am (poem)
\"**I Am**\" (or \"**Lines: I Am**\") is a poem written by English poet John Clare in late 1844 or 1845 and published in 1848. It was composed when Clare was in the Northampton General Lunatic Asylum (commonly Northampton County Asylum, and later renamed St Andrew\'s Hospital), isolated by his mental illness from his family and friends.
## Background and structure {#background_and_structure}
This poem, written in three stanzas of regular iambic pentameter with an \"ababab\" rhyme scheme in the first stanza, an \"cdcdee\" scheme for the second stanza and an \"fgfghh\" for the third stanza, details Clare\'s finding of a sanctuary from the travails of his life in the asylum by reasserting his individuality in life and love of the beauty of the natural world in which he will find peace in death. An irony of Clare writing a poem declaring \"I am\" is that at times during his years in asylums he believed he was Lord Byron and Shakespeare, even re-editing Byron\'s poems at one point.
The second stanza examines the alienation he feels from his family and friends due to his mental condition \"And e\'en the dearest -- that I loved the best -- / Are strange -- nay, rather stranger than the rest\". The final stanza adopts religious imagery, calling on God, recalling the garden of Eden and longing for the \"vaulted sky\", a reference to a cathedral-like heaven. It appears to both hope for a spiritual afterlife and accept the physical reality of peaceful repose in his beloved earth.
The house steward of the asylum, W. F. Knight, who worked there from April 1845 to the end of January 1850, transcribed the poem for Clare. The poem was first published on 1 January 1848 in the *Bedford Times*, or per other sources in the *Annual Report of the Medical Superintendent of Saint Andrews* for 1864, and later appeared with slightly altered text in *Life of John Clare*, the biography of the poet by Frederick Martin. The poem is known as Clare\'s \"last lines\" and is his most famous.
The poem\'s title is used for a 2003 collection of Clare\'s poetry, *I Am: The Selected Poetry of John Clare*, edited by his biographer Jonathan Bate, and it had previously been included in the 1992 Columbia University Press anthology, *The Top 500 Poems*.
The poem is not to be confused with a sonnet also written by Clare and also entitled \"I Am\" (or \"I Only Know I Am\", or \"Sonnet: I Am\"). The latter may, however, \"be seen as a complementary piece\"
| 427 |
I Am (poem)
| 0 |
11,100,027 |
# Mons-en-Montois
**Mons-en-Montois** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃s ɑ̃ mɔ̃twa|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Mons-en-Montois.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
The inhabitants are called the *Montoyens*
| 29 |
Mons-en-Montois
| 0 |
11,100,031 |
# Palaiseau station
**Palaiseau station** is one of the four RER B stations in the city of Palaiseau
| 18 |
Palaiseau station
| 0 |
11,100,038 |
# Montarlot
**Montarlot** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃taʁlo|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Montarlot.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a former commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. On 1 January 2016 it was merged into the new commune of Moret-Loing-et-Orvanne
| 33 |
Montarlot
| 0 |
11,100,042 |
# List of Sgt. Frog episodes
*Sgt. Frog*, also known as *Sergeant Keroro* and originally titled as *Keroro Gunso*, is a Japanese television series produced and animated by Sunrise Inc. The series centers around the attempted invasion of Earth by a Platoon of 5 frog-like aliens and the mishaps that their incompetent and lazy leader cause. Around them are the human figures that help them understand earth\'s culture. The anime is an adaptation of Mine Yoshizaki\'s manga series of the same name, which was first serialized in Japan\'s *Shōnen Ace* in 1999, and has been toned down for children instead of focusing on teenagers.
It first began airing in Japan on the television network TV Tokyo on April 3, 2004, and has since broadcast over 300 episodes, which are normally constituted from two 15 minute shorts mostly and sometimes one 30 minute story. The anime itself is divided by seasons with a duration of a year (51 episodes per season, one per week except for the first week of January), always starting and ending the first week of April. The title for each episode of the series always starts with the name of a character that becomes the episode\'s focus.
The first English dub of the show to be released was titled *Sergeant Keroro* and aired on the Southeast Asian TV channel Animax Asia. It premiered in 2008. In 2009, Funimation Entertainment released the second English dubbed version of the anime. Funimation\'s dub was released in North America, and has spanned a total of six 12 to 14-episode DVD sets, with the first four sets later released in two larger 25 to 26-episode box sets. To date, the first 78 episodes have been released in English by FUNimation
| 288 |
List of Sgt. Frog episodes
| 0 |
11,100,050 |
# Montceaux-lès-Meaux
**Montceaux-lès-Meaux** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃so lɛ mo|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Montceaux-lès-Meaux.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Montceaux near Meaux*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Château
The town is known for the former Château de Montceaux, which Henri II gave to Catherine de\' Medici in 1556. Only vestiges remain.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Monticellois*
| 56 |
Montceaux-lès-Meaux
| 0 |
11,100,053 |
# HMS Wolf
Sixteen ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name **HMS *Wolf**\'\' or**HMS*Woolf**\'\', after the mammal the wolf:
- was a 16-gun ship, previously the Spanish *Lobos*. She was captured in 1656 and sold in 1663.
- was an 8-gun fireship launched in 1690 and expended in 1692, destroying the French `{{ship|French ship|Le Triomphant|1675|2}}`{=mediawiki}
- was a 2-gun sloop launched in 1699. She was captured by the French in 1704 but was recovered in 1708 and sold in 1712.
- was a 14-gun sloop launched in 1731 and wrecked in 1741.
- was a 14-gun sloop launched in 1742, captured by the French in 1745, recaptured in 1747 and wrecked in 1748.
- was a 10-gun sloop launched in 1754 and sold in 1781.
- was an 8-gun armed ship of unknown origin, wrecked in 1780.
- was a 4-gun gunvessel, originally a Dutch hoy purchased in 1794. She was broken up in 1803.
- HMS *Wolf* was a 16-gun sloop, originally the 18-gun French privateer `{{ship||Eugénie|1793 ship|2}}`{=mediawiki}. `{{HMS|Magnanime|1780|6}}`{=mediawiki} captured her in 1798 and the Royal Navy commissioned *Eugénie* as HMS *Pandour*. She was renamed HMS *Wolf* in 1800 and broken up in 1802.
- was a cutter tender launched in 1801 and broken up in 1829.
- was a 16-gun `{{sclass|Merlin|sloop|1}}`{=mediawiki} launched at Dartmouth in 1804. She captured or destroyed four small Spanish or French privateers before she was wrecked on 4 September 1806, with no loss of life, about 1.5 miles off shore on the southwest point of Heneaga in the Bahamas. The loss was blamed on a northward current and inaccurate charts.
- HMS *Wolf* was the French 16-gun brig-sloop *Diligent*, which `{{HMS|Renard|1797|6}}`{=mediawiki} captured in 1806. The Royal Navy commissioned her as `{{HMS|Diligent|1806|6}}`{=mediawiki}. She was renamed HMS *Prudente* later that year and HMS *Wolf* in 1807. She was broken up in 1811.
- was a 14-gun brig-sloop launched in 1814 and sold as a training ship in 1825.
- was an 18-gun sloop launched in 1826, hulked in 1848, used as a coal hulk from 1859 and broken up by 1878.
- was an `{{sclass|Albacore|gunboat|0||1855}}`{=mediawiki} wooden screw gunboat launched in 1856 and broken up by 1864.
- was an `{{sclass|Earnest|destroyer}}`{=mediawiki} launched in 1897, reclassified as a `{{sclass2|B|destroyer|0||1913}}`{=mediawiki} destroyer in 1913 and sold in 1921
| 380 |
HMS Wolf
| 0 |
11,100,055 |
# Rysensteen Gymnasium
**Rysensteen Gymnasium** is a gymnasium (upper secondary school) in Copenhagen, Denmark
The school was established in 1881 as Laura Engelhardts Skole (\"Laura Engelhardt\'s School\") at Stormgade 16. In 1895 the school was moved to Rysensteensgade 3, and after being taken over by the Copenhagen Municipality renamed Rysensteen Gymnasium. In 1932 the school moved to Tietensgade. Around the turn of the millennium the school got new classrooms in The Brown Kødby old stables, for the subjects geography, visual arts, chemistry, biology and physics. In 2002 the main building was renovated, and in 2003 a new music room was built.
In 2011 the School chose to rent additional classrooms in The White Kødby because of space constraints, the classrooms are located 7-8 minutes by foot, from the school\'s main building.
## Notable alumni {#notable_alumni}
With graduation dates:
- 1931 Kirsten Auken -- medical doctor
- 1944 Bodil Udsen -- actress
- 1955 Ester Larsen -- politician
- 1966 Karen Jespersen -- politician
- 1983 Line Barfod - politician
- 1983 Naser Khader -- politician
- 1987 Manu Sareen - politician, writer of children\'s books
- 1992 Iben Claces - writer
## Principals
- 1919-1931 Maria Nielsen (1882-1931)
- 1931-1950 Anne Marie Bo (1885-1972)
- 1950-1963 Aagot Lading (1909-1963)
- 1963-1970 Svend Atke (1910-1993)
- 1970-1994 Birthe Christensen (1927-
- 1994-1999 Johannes Nymark (1944-
- 1.10
| 226 |
Rysensteen Gymnasium
| 0 |
11,100,070 |
# Rucăr
**Rucăr** is a commune located in the north-eastern part of Argeș County, Romania, situated in the Carpathian Mountains. The commune is composed of two villages, Rucăr and Sătic, and its population as of 2021 was 5,259. Historically important for its role as a border region between Wallachia and its neighboring countries, it is today popular with tourists from Bran Castle.
## Etymology
In the earliest documents in which it is mentioned, Rucăr is referred to as *Ruffa Arbor* or *Rot Bom*, both meaning \"red tree\" in Latin and German, respectively. Early Slavic and Romanian documents use the names *Rukel*, *Rukal*, or *Rucal*, translated as the same. Historian Gheorghe Pârunță suggests that the area was named \"after the copper leaves of the extensive beech forests that existed at that time.\"
## History
Human settlement in the area of Rucăr stretches at least as far back as the administration of Roman Dacia, given the presence of Roman forts in the region, such as the nearby Jidava Castra. These existed as points along the Roman Empire\'s *limes* in the Danube region. Ceramic remains found in Rucăr suggest settlement in the region even before the arrival of Roman administration.
The earliest documented mention of Rucăr is in the decree issued by Louis I of Hungary on November 19, 1377, that authorized the construction of Bran Castle. The decree directs that Rucăr would be established as a location for the collection of tributes should the territory of Wallachia come under Hungarian control.
Though the region was never adopted into Hungary, Rucăr remained an important locale through which trade, foreign travelers, and diplomats flowed, situated as it was near the border between Wallachia and Transylvania. The schools established to train customs officers in Rucăr later helped to facilitate the adoption of the Romanian language in place of Old Church Slavonic during the 16th century.
Rucăr saw several armies and voivodes pass through the region to engage with Wallachia\'s neighboring polities during its history. The area itself also sometimes became a ground for mountain battles during the Middle Ages, as Wallachian voivodes fought against the Kingdom of Hungary, the Second Bulgarian Empire, and the Ottoman Empire. According to some documents, Vlad the Impaler took up residence in Rucăr from 1459 to 1460.
In the Wallachian Revolution of 1848, the provisional government escaped to Rucăr in order to organize its resistance against Ottoman and Russian intervention. Later, in the Battle of Dragoslavele during World War I, German forces passed through the town of Rucăr, destroying some 150 homes.
## Geography
The commune is located at the intersection of five relief units: the Iezer Mountains, the Făgăraș Mountains, the Piatra Craiului Mountains, the Leaota Mountains, and the Bran--Rucăr Pass. Its hydrology is dominated by the Dâmbovița River and its tributaries, which flow through the depressions created by the commune\'s varied terrain. Rucar is located near the border of Brașov County, and national road DN73 -- which links Brașov and Pitești -- passes through Rucăr.
By the end of the 19th century, the commune was part of the Dâmbovița Plain of the historical Muscel County, which it shared with the village of Dâmbovicioara. In 1931, Dâmbovicioara split from Rucăr to form its current commune, and in 1951 Rucăr became part of the Argeș Region. In 1968, it joined the territory of the modern Argeș County, and with the transfer of the village of Podul Dâmboviței to Dâmbovicioara acquired its current administration
| 573 |
Rucăr
| 0 |
11,100,076 |
# Harvest Rain Theatre Company
**Harvest Rain Theatre Company** was a not-for-profit theatre company based in Brisbane, Australia. Beginning as an amateur company, it evolved into a professional musical theatre company presenting arena productions around Australia, before closing in 2022.
## Early history {#early_history}
Harvest Rain began in 1985 as a small drama group in New Farm, Queensland, Australia. The founding members of the company were the brothers Robbie Parkin and David Parkin and the husband and wife team Chris Crooks and Judy Crooks. The name \"Harvest Rain\" was chosen because Chris Crooks liked the word \"harvest\" and the team felt that the word \"rain\" softened it. The company initially staged a range of amateur productions and the shows featured a small ensemble of dedicated actors, operating out of the Sydney Street Theatre in New Farm.
In 2008 the company moved to the Mina Parade Warehouse in Alderley and began presenting all its mainhouse productions at QPAC.
## Professional productions {#professional_productions}
In 2012, the company announced that it was in the final stages of transitioning into becoming a fully professional musical theatre company, the first of its kind in Queensland. Harvest Rain produced *Oklahoma!* in 2013 as its first fully professional production.
In 2014, the company\'s first fully professional season included *Guys and Dolls* starring Ian Stenlake and Daryl Somers, *Spamalot* starring Jon English, Simon Gallaher, Frank Woodley and Julie Anthony, and an arena production of *Cats* starring Marina Prior and featuring over 500 performers on stage, making it the largest production of *Cats* ever staged in the southern hemisphere.
In 2014, the company moved its training, rehearsals, and administration to a building on the north side of Brisbane known as the Hayward Street Studios.
*Spamalot* won Harvest Rain the Matilda Award for Best Musical or Cabaret in 2014.
In 2015, the company produced *The Pirates of Penzance* to celebrate QPAC\'s 30th birthday. The show starred Andrew O\'Keefe, John Wood and Nancye Hayes and featured Billy Bourchier as Frederic and Georgina Hopson as Mabel, in their professional debut. The production was directed by Simon Gallaher.
In 2016, Harvest Rain presented an arena production of *Hairspray* in Brisbane, Adelaide and Newcastle, with a cast featuring Lauren McKenna, Simon Burke, Christine Anu, Tim Campbell, Wayne Scott Kermond and Amanda Muggleton. An arena production of *Grease* followed, performed in Brisbane, Newcastle and Adelaide in 2017, Sydney, Melbourne, Canberra, Perth and Brisbane again, in 2018. In 2019, an arena production of *The Wizard of Oz* toured Brisbane, Adelaide and Newcastle in 2019 and Sydney in 2020.
## Closure of the company {#closure_of_the_company}
The company closed in November 2022.
Multiple media outlets reported that O\'Connor and his partner had been charged with sex offences against children.
## Notable people {#notable_people}
Notable people associated with the company include:
### Crew and staff {#crew_and_staff}
- Jack Bradford, theatrical director, 1996--1997, 1999--2001
- Simon Gallaher, company chair, 2012--2015
- Tim O\'Connor, administrator, theatrical director, CEO
### Cast
- Jack Bradford, 1995, 1999, 2001, 2004, 2007, roles in multiple productions
- Tim Campbell, 2017, Johnny Casino in *Grease the Arena Experience*
- Mark Conaghan, 1999, 2005, roles in multiple productions
- Julie Eckersley, 1999, in *Much Ado About Nothing*
- Jon English, 2014, King Arthur in *Spamalot*
- Michael Falzon, 2009, in *Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat*
- Simon Gallaher, 2012 in *Hairspray*, 2014, in Spamalot
- David Knijnenburg, 1999--2001, 2005, 2007, roles in multiple productions
- Tod Strike, 2000, Joseph in *Joseph And The Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat*
- Daryl Somers, 2014, Nicely Nicely Johnson in *Guys and Dolls*
| 591 |
Harvest Rain Theatre Company
| 0 |
11,100,084 |
# 18F-EF5
EF-5}} `{{Chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 443718730
| ImageFile = EF5 structure.svg
| ImageSize = 200px
| ImageAlt =
| PIN = 2-(2-Nitro-1''H''-imidazol-1-yl)-''N''-(2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl)acetamide
| OtherNames = NSC-684681; EF-5
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 152721-37-4
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem = 389053
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 344807
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 383HJ2T87O
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = JGGDSDPOPRWSCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| SMILES = O=[N+]([O-])c1nccn1CC(=O)NCC(F)(F)C(F)(F)F
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI=1S/C8H7F5N4O3/c9-7(10,8(11,12)13)4-15-5(18)3-16-2-1-14-6(16)17(19)20/h1-2H,3-4H2,(H,15,18)
}}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=8 | H=7 | F=5 | N=4 | O=3
| Appearance =
| Density =
| MeltingPt =
| BoilingPt =
| Solubility = }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPt = }}
}}`{=mediawiki}
**EF5** is a nitroimidazole derivative used in oncology research. Due to its similarity in chemical structure to etanidazole, EF5 binds in cells displaying hypoxia.
Non-labeled EF5 has been extensively used in immunohistochemical studies for several years and its hypoxia specificity has been comprehensively evaluated The ^18^F-radiolabeled derivative of EF5 is being studied for its possibility to be used in positron emission tomography (PET) to detect low levels of oxygen in brain tumors and several other malignant tumors. This can help show how a tumor will respond to treatment.
Targeting tumor hypoxia in cancer treatment aims to overcome radiotherapy resistance of hypoxic tumors. Thus, a major clinical implication for ^18^F-EF5-PET imaging is expected to be guiding of radiotherapy dose modulation. Clinical studies on ^18^F-EF5-PET/CT imaging have indicated clinically acceptable biodistribution and dosimetric profile, and in head and neck cancer also favorable imaging characteristics, prognostic value and repeatability. A recent 18F-EF5-PET/MR study showed promising potential in detecting tumor hypoxia in cervical cancer. However, ^18^F-EF5-PET/CT is not feasible in imaging of ovarian cancer due to physiological intra-abdominal ^18^F-EF5-accumulation. Further studies evaluating the clinical use of ^18^F-EF5 PET imaging in head and neck cancer are ongoing
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18F-EF5
| 0 |
11,100,090 |
# HMS Wolfe (1813)
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{{Infobox ship image
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``
| 20 |
HMS Wolfe (1813)
| 0 |
11,100,095 |
# Places Like This
***Places Like This*** is the third studio album by Architecture in Helsinki, which was released in Australia on 27 July 2007 at the launch of their Australian tour. It was also released in Japan on 18 July, Europe on 8 August, and in the United States on 21 August. It debuted at No. 31 on the ARIA Albums Chart, and dropped to No. 49 in its second week.
At the J Awards of 2007, the album was nominated for Australian Album of the Year.
## Background
Australian group, Architecture in Helsinki issued their third studio album, *Places Like This* on 28 July 2007 on Polyvinyl Record Co. In September of the previous year, Laura Pearson of Pitchfork Media reported that the group were working on tracks with Cameron Bird (lead singer) in Brooklyn, United States while the other members were in Melbourne. It was recorded at Dave Sitek\'s (from TV on the Radio) studio in Williamsburg, Brooklyn and in Sydney\'s Big Jesus Burger Studios between October 2006 and January 2007. It was engineered and mixed by Chris Coady, who has previously worked with TV on the Radio, Yeah Yeah Yeahs and Grizzly Bear. The first single from the album, \"Heart It Races\", was released ahead of the album in May and peaked into the top 50 on the ARIA Singles Chart. *Places Like This* reached the top 30 on the related albums chart. In the US, the album reached the top 10 on two of *Billboard* magazine\'s component charts: Top Electronic Albums and Heatseekers Albums in September.
## Reception
According to review aggregator Metacritic, *Places Like This* has a score of 66 out of 100, indicating \"generally favorable reviews\".
## Track listing {#track_listing}
1. \"Red Turned White\" -- 2:46
2. \"Heart It Races\" -- 3:14
3. \"Hold Music\" -- 3:54
4. \"Feather in a Baseball Cap\" -- 2:27
5. \"Underwater\" -- 3:28
6. \"Like It or Not\" -- 3:01
7. \"Debbie\" -- 2:53
8. \"Lazy (Lazy)\" -- 2:55
9. \"Nothing\'s Wrong\" -- 3:22
10
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Places Like This
| 0 |
11,100,098 |
# Montceaux-lès-Provins
**Montceaux-lès-Provins** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃so lɛ pʁɔvɛ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Montceaux-lès-Provins.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, literally *Montceaux near Provins*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France
| 25 |
Montceaux-lès-Provins
| 0 |
11,100,114 |
# HMS Caledonia
Five ships and three shore establishments of the Royal Navy have borne the name **HMS *Caledonia*** after the Latin name for Scotland:
## Ships
- was a 3-gun brig launched in 1807. She was captured by the Americans in 1812, and put into service as `{{USS|Caledonia|1812}}`{=mediawiki}.
- was a 120-gun first rate ship of the line launched in 1808. She became a hospital ship and was renamed HMS *Dreadnought* in 1856 and was broken up in 1875.
- was a `{{sclass|Prince Consort|ironclad|0}}`{=mediawiki} broadside ironclad launched in 1862 and sold in 1886.
- HMS *Caledonia* was a training ship launched in 1810 as the 98-gun second rate `{{HMS|Impregnable|1810}}`{=mediawiki}. She became a training ship in 1862, was renamed HMS *Kent* in 1888, HMS *Caledonia* in 1891, and was sold for breaking up in 1906.
- HMS *Caledonia* was a cadet training ship, formerly the liner `{{RMS|Majestic|1914}}`{=mediawiki}. She was transferred to the navy in 1936 and commissioned in 1937. She was burnt by accident in 1939. The wreck was raised and scrapped in 1943.
In 1911, the name HMS *Caledonia* was proposed for the battleship `{{HMS|New Zealand|1904}}`{=mediawiki}, which needed to be renamed to free the name *New Zealand* for use by a new battlecruiser, but the battleship was instead renamed HMS *Zealandia*.
## Shore establishments {#shore_establishments}
- was the navy base at Oban, commissioned in 1943 and paid off in 1945.
- was an artificers\' training establishment commissioned in 1946 and paid off in 1985.
- is a support base commissioned in 1996 at Rosyth, Fife, Scotland
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HMS Caledonia
| 0 |
11,100,118 |
# Kirsten Auken
**Kirsten Auken** (25 June 1913 -- 21 January 1968) was a Danish sexologist and politician, who was one of the leading proponents of the introduction of sex education in Denmark. She was the mother of politicians Margrete Auken and Svend Auken.
## Biography
She was born in Copenhagen to Professor of Dermatology Svend Lomholt (1888--1949) and Marie Kirstine Siegumfeldt Beck (1888--1920) and married physician Gunnar Auken in 1940. They both participated in the Danish resistance movement and were politically active in Danish Unity, and subsequently in the Social Democrats. In 1953 Auken became Dr.Phil. on the \"Undersøgelser over unge kvinders sexuelle adfærd\" (\"Studies on the sexual behaviour of young women\").
She died in 1968 of cancer
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Kirsten Auken
| 0 |
11,100,120 |
# Moncourt-Fromonville
**Moncourt-Fromonville** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃kuʁ fʁɔmɔ̃vil|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Persepha-Montcourt-Fromonville.wav}}`{=mediawiki}, before 2025: *Montcourt-Fromonville*) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Montcourtois*
| 29 |
Moncourt-Fromonville
| 0 |
11,100,123 |
# Red Circle (typeface)
**Red Circle** is a geometric sans-serif typeface designed by Harold Lohner and based upon the c. 1930 lettering used in packaging and advertising for the range of A&P\'s Eight O\'Clock, Red Circle, and Bokar brands of whole bean arabica coffees.
Red Circle is an all uppercase typeface exhibiting the geometric exploration of the Art Deco period. While having an overall rectilinear structure, circular forms are prominent in the characters **A, B, D, M, N,** and **R.** The lettering bears comparison with Georg Trump\'s City typeface. Exterior corners are rounded, and cross strokes extend left of the stem in characters **A, B, E, H, K, P,** and **R.** The characters **M** and **N** take the form of Carolingian minuscule characters **m** and **n** similar to the same characters in Herbert Bayer\'s 1927 experimental universal typeface Architype Bayer.
Lohner offers the face as a font for the Mac and Windows operating systems.[1](http://www.fontbros.com/cgi-bin/commerce
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Red Circle (typeface)
| 0 |
11,100,134 |
# Palaiseau–Villebon station
**Palaiseau--Villebon station** is one of the four RER B stations of Palaiseau, near Paris, France
| 18 |
Palaiseau–Villebon station
| 0 |
11,100,139 |
# Montdauphin
**Montdauphin** (`{{IPA|fr|mɔ̃dofɛ̃|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Xenophôn-Montdauphin.wav}}`{=mediawiki}) is a commune in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France.
## Demographics
Inhabitants are called *Montdauphinois*
| 25 |
Montdauphin
| 0 |
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