bayes-group-diffusion/wiki_auto · Datasets at Hugging Face

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Reginald Roy Grundy ( 4 August 1923 – 6 May 2016 ) was an Australian entrepreneur and media mogul , best known for his numerous television productions .	Reginald Roy " Reg " Grundy ( 4 August 1923 – 6 May 2016 ) was an Australian entrepreneur , and media and television mogul . <SEP> He was one of the pioneers and most successful television businessman in Australia .	[]
Reginald Roy Grundy was born on 4 August 1923 in Sydney , New South Wales , to Roy Grundy and Lillian Lees .	He was born in Sydney .	[]
He was the producer of game shows such as " Blankety Blanks " ( based on a Mark Goodson-Bill Todman production , " Match Game " ) and " Wheel of Fortune " ( based on the Merv Griffin production of the same name ) , before later diversifying into soap operas and serials including " Prisoner " , " The Young Doctors " , " Sons and Daughters " and " Neighbours " , which was inducted into the Logie Hall of Fame in 2005 .	He was also the creator of many TV hits starting with game shows like " Wheel of Fortune " and " Blankety Blanks " and later soap operas " Neighbours " , " Prisoner " , " Sons and Daughters " and " The Young Doctors " .	[]
The album debuted on the UK album chart at No. 12 .	It entered the UK Album Chart at number twelve , and spent over a year in it .	[]
In May 1998 , " Version 2.0 " debuted at No. 1 in the UK and at No. 13 in the " Billboard " 200 .	In March 1998 the first single from their upcoming album " Version 2.0 " , " Push It " was released . <SEP> In May 1998 the band released their second album , " Version 2.0 " .	[]
It became their third consecutive UK top ten hit at No. 9 .	It was their third UK Top Ten hit in a row , reaching number 9 .	[]
" I Think I 'm Paranoid " was released worldwide in July , while the music video for " Push It " received eight nominations at the 1998 MTV Video Music Awards .	The video was nominated for eight MTV Music Video Awards .	[]
Garbage began touring " Version 2.0 " that month , a tour which lasted until the end of 1999 .	That month they started touring to promote the album until the end of 1999 .	[]
In early 1999 , " Version 2.0 " received two Grammy Award nominations for Album of the Year and Best Rock Album " Special " was No. 1 most added single at the Top 40 radio .	It was nominated for the 1999 Grammy Award for Album of the Year and Best Rock Album .	[]
Garbage quietly disbanded amidst the troubled production of their fourth album " Bleed Like Me " , but regrouped to complete the album , which was released in 2005 and peaked at a career-high number four in the US .	" Bleed Like Me " was released in 2005 .	[]
Garbage began work on the new songs in earnest during February and March at Vig 's home studio , completing four tracks including " Tell Me Where It Hurts " , which was released as the album 's lead single .	It had a new song , " Tell Me Where It Hurts " .	[]
" Not Your Kind of People " was released on May 14 , 2012 , to generally positive reviews .	In May 2012 " Not Your Kind of People " was released on the band 's own label STUNVOLUME .	[]
Erik the Red 's father , Thorvald Asvaldsson , was banished from Norway because of some killings .	His father , Thorvald Asvaldsson , murdered a man , so the family was exiled to Iceland .	[]
The Icelanders later sentenced Erik to exile for three years for killing Eyiolf the Foul around the year 982 .	Erik also got into some trouble in Iceland , and was exiled in 982 .	[]
After spending the winter in Iceland , Erik returned to Greenland in 985 with a large number of colonists .	Erik was no longer exiled from Iceland , so he returned the summer of 985 .	[]
The Icelanders established two colonies on the southwest coast : the Eastern Settlement or Eystribyggð , in modern-day Qaqortoq , and the Western Settlement , close to present-day Nuuk .	There were two established settlements ; the Eastern Settlement on the coast on the southwest , and the Western Settlement 300 miles above that Settlement .	[]
The equipment was provided by Dick , Kerr & Co. of Preston , which was developing its products for overseas sales .	The equipment was provided by Dick , Kerr & Co. of Preston , which was developing its products for export .	[]
In 1918 the line was converted to the 1200 V DC system chosen for the Bury line and the cars stored before being converted into an experimental 4-car diesel-electric unit in 1927 .	In 1918 the line was converted to the 1,200 V DC system chosen for the Manchester to Bury line .	[]
After the Holcombe Brook service , the LYR decided to electrify the Manchester Victoria to Bury line using 1,200 V DC side-contact third rail , and originally a fourth rail was bonded to the running rails .	After the Holcombe Brook service , the L & YR decided to electrify the Manchester to Bury line . <SEP> The system used was 1,200 V DC from a side-contact third rail .	[]
The purpose of this unique third rail arrangement was to prevent the service being affected by ice forming on the live rail .	The purpose of this unusual arrangement was to prevent the service being affected by ice forming on the live rail .	[]
Sixty-six cars were built at Newton Heath works , the electrical equipment having been supplied by Dick , Kerr & Co .	Sixty-six cars were built at Newton Heath works . <SEP> The electrical equipment was supplied by Dick , Kerr & Co .	[]
Opening was delayed by World War I : the first public services ran on 17 April 1916 , and 16 weeks later the steam trains were withdrawn .	The first public services ran on 17 April 1916 ,	[]
Toad ( Japanese : , Hepburn : Kinopio ) is a fictional mushroom-humanoid who primarily appears in Nintendo 's " Mario " franchise .	Toad ( キノピオ , Kinopio ) is a fictional character in Nintendo 's Super Mario Bros. series of video games .	[]
Toad appeared in the animated series " The Super Mario Bros.	Toad first appeared in Super Mario Bros , but did n't have a name .	[]
The blue Toad has a similar appearance similar with the original Toad and even shares the same voices as Toad in " New Super Mario Bros.	He also shares many similarities with the blue toad in New Super Mario Bros.	[]
Toad bears a similar appearance to the rest of his species with his large mushroom caps and clothes .	Toad looks like a small man with a mushroom-like hat .	[]
Toad and the mushroom people were first seen in the game " Super Mario Bros. " where the species was revealed to comprise the majority of the population of the Mushroom Kingdom .	Toad and the species were first seen in the game " Super Mario Bros. " .	[]
Toad 's design was made directly from the power up the Super Mushroom , as well as the game 's general association with mushrooms .	Toad 's design was made directly from the power up , the Super Mushroom as well as the game 's general use with mushrooms .	[]
Shigeru Miyamoto , the creator of the " Mario " franchise , reasons that Toad 's creation was that of being a character that has a simplistic design ; yet , still appears cute and lovely and pleasing to everybody .	Shigeru Miyamoto , the creator of the Mario series , made a reason that Toad 's creation was that of being a character that has a simplistic design ; yet , still appears cute and lovely and pleases to everybody .	[]
During the development of " New Super Mario Bros.	During the making of " New Super Mario Bros.	[]
He has appeared in much of the " Mario " merchandise in products ranging from toys to plushies and keychains , and is featured in Nintendo 's board games such as being on the protagonist side in a " Mario " themed chess set and being a purchasable character in a Nintendo-themed monopoly game .	Toad appears in the Mario merchandise varying from toys and plushies , keychains etc . <SEP> Toad is featured in Nintendo 's board games such as being on the protagonist side in the Mario themed chess set , as well as being a purchasable character in the Nintendo monopoly game .	[]
But our princess is in another castle ! " ,	" Black Pear Tree " , an EP by The Mountain Goats and Kaki King , features a song titled " Thank You Mario But Our Princess is in Another Castle , " sung from the view of Toad .	[]
Toad ranked in the seventh slot on GameDaily 's top 10 Nintendo characters that deserve their own games list ; the site explained that he has a strong appeal that Nintendo has yet to tap into .	Toad ranked in the seventh slot on Game Daily 's top 10 Nintendo characters that deserve their own games list ; the site explained that he has a strong appeal that Nintendo has yet to tap into .	[]
Toad is listed in The Most Neglected Mario Bros.	Toad is listed as number two in the most neglected Mario Bros. characters list as he has been described by the site to have been ignored by Nintendo for quite a while due to the lack of starring roles he gets in the more recent games .	[]
In an Oricon poll conducted in Japan from 2008 , Toad was voted as the eighth most popular video game character in Japan .	In an Oricon poll from 2008 , Toad was voted as the eighth most popular video game character in Japan .	[]
IGN editor Matt Casamassina criticized Nintendo for including the two generic Toads over more notable characters ( including the red-spotted Toad himself ) in the " Mario " series for " New Super Mario Bros.	IGN editor Matt Casamassina criticized Nintendo for including the Toads over more notable characters in the " Mario " series for New Super Mario Bros.	[]
Gene Saks ( November 8 , 1921 – March 28 , 2015 ) was an American stage , film director , and actor .	Gene Saks ( Jean Michael Saks ; November 8 , 1921 – March 28 , 2015 ) was an American stage and movie director .	[]
Saks was born Jean Michael Saks in New York City , the son of Beatrix ( ne ́ e Lewkowitz ) and Morris J. Saks .	Saks was born in New York City on November 6 , 1921 .	[]
He studied at Cornell University and trained for acting at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York with the German director Erwin Piscator .	He studied at Cornell University and at The New School .	[]
Saks was married to fellow Actors Studio member actress Bea Arthur , from 1950 until 1978 .	Saks was married to Bea Arthur from 1950 to 1980 .	[]
He was married to Bea Arthur from 1950 until 1978 , and subsequently to Keren Saks , from 1980 to his death in 2015 .	He married to Keren Saks .	[]
Saks succumbed to pneumonia at East Hampton residence on March 28 , 2015 , aged 93 .	Saks died from pneumonia in his East Hampton , New York home on March 28 , 2015 , aged 93 .	[]
Joseph Ejercito Estrada ( born Jose ́ Marcelo Eje ́ rcito ; April 19 , 1937 ) is a Filipino politician and former actor who served as the 13th President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001 , ninth Vice President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998 , and the 26th Mayor of the City of Manila , the country 's capital , from 2013 to 2019 .	Joseph " Erap " Eje ́ rcito Estrada ( born Jose ́ Marcelo Eje ́ rcito ; April 19 , 1937 ) is a Filipino politician . <SEP> He served as the thirteenth President of the Philippines from 1998 until 2001 .	[]
He later served as City Mayor of Manila for two terms , from 2013 to 2019 .	He is currently the Mayor of Manila , the country 's capital . <SEP> He was elected as mayor in the mid-term elections in 2013 .	[]
Gjermund Eggen ( 5 June 1941 – 6 May 2019 ) was a Norwegian cross-country skier who won three gold medals at the 1966 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships .	Gjermund Eggen ( 5 June 1941 – 6 May 2019 ) was a Norwegian cross-country skier . <SEP> He won three gold medals at the 1966 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships .	[]
He was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1968 ( shared with King Olav V , Assar Ro ̈ nnlund , and Bjørn Wirkola ) .	He was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1968 .	[]
Eggen was born in Engerdal to farmer and forest worker Per Eggen and Sina Heggeriset .	Eggen was born in Engerdal , Norway .	[]
Eggen died in Elverum at age 77 .	Eggen died in Elverum , Norway on 6 May 2019 at age 77 .	[]
This article documents the most distant astronomical objects so far discovered , and the time periods in which they were so classified .	This article lists the most distant things known to us , all of which are galaxies or energy sources inside galaxies .	[]
1 Gly ( gigalight-year ) = 1 billion light-years .	redshift = z , and billion light years ( Gly ) . <SEP> 1 Gly = 1 billion light-years = 10 ly .	[]
s of 2012 , there were about 50 possible objects z = 8 or farther , and another 100 z = 7 candidates , based on photometric redshift estimates released by the Hubble eXtreme Deep Field ( XDF ) project from observations made between mid-2002 and December 2012 .	As of 2012 , there are only about 50 possible objects z = 8 or farther , and another 100 z = 7 candidates .	[]
Not everything is included here .	Candidates vary in their notablity , so not everything is included here .	[]
Eyes with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms , and 96 % of animal species possess a complex optical system .	About 97 percent of animals have eyes .	[]
Image-resolving eyes are present in molluscs , chordates and arthropods .	Image-resolving eyes are present in cnidaria , molluscs , vertebrates , annelids and arthropods .	[]
There are ten different eye layouts — indeed every technological method of capturing an optical image commonly used by human beings , with the exceptions of zoom and Fresnel lenses , occur in nature .	Today , ten different types of eyes are known .	[]
The very earliest " eyes " , called eye-spots , were simple patches of photoreceptor protein in unicellular animals .	The evolution of eyes started with simplest light-sensitive patches in unicellular organisms .	[]
The simplest " eyes " , such as those in microorganisms , do nothing but detect whether the surroundings are light or dark , which is sufficient for the entrainment of circadian rhythms .	These eye-spots do nothing but detect if the surroundings are light or dark .	[]
From more complex eyes , retinal photosensitive ganglion cells send signals along the retinohypothalamic tract to the suprachiasmatic nuclei to effect circadian adjustment and to the pretectal area to control the pupillary light reflex .	They send their information about light to the brain along a different path ( the " retinohypothalamic tract " ) .	[]
Synthetic tin ( IV ) oxide is produced by burning tin metal in air .	It can be made in pure form by burning powdered tin in air . <SEP> A tin ( IV ) oxide wire is heated .	[]
SnO is used in sensors of combustible gases including carbon monoxide detectors .	It is used to detect carbon monoxide . <SEP> It is used in sensors of gases that can burn .	[]
Radley Metzger ( also known as Radley Henry Metzger , Radley H. Metzger and by the pseudonyms , " Jake Barnes " , " Erich Farina " and " Henry Paris " ) ( January 21 , 1929 – March 31 , 2017 ) was an American pioneering filmmaker and film distributor , most noted for popular artistic , adult-oriented films , including " Camille 2000 " ( 1969 ) , " The Lickerish Quartet " ( 1970 ) , " Score " ( 1974 ) , " The Private Afternoons of Pamela Mann " ( 1974 ) , " The Image " ( 1975 ) and " The Opening of Misty Beethoven " ( 1976 ) .	Radley Metzger ( also known as Radley Henry Metzger and by the pseudonyms , " Jake Barnes " and " Henry Paris " ( born January 21 , 1929 ; died March 31 , 2017 ) was an American pioneering filmmaker and . <SEP> Metzger was known for directing popular , , including " " ( 1969 ) , " " ( 1974 ) , " " ( 1970 ) , " " ( 1975 ) and " " ( 1976 ) .	[]
According to one film reviewer , Metzger 's films , including those made during the Golden Age of Porn ( 1969 – 1984 ) , are noted for their " lavish design , witty screenplays , and a penchant for the unusual camera angle " .	According to one , Metzger 's films , including those made during the , are noted for their " lavish design , witty screenplays , and a for the unusual " .	[]
Linnaeus was born in the countryside of Sma ̊ land in southern Sweden .	Carl was born in Sweden .	[]
Three months later , he moved to Stockholm to find employment as a physician , and thus to make it possible to support a family .	Later he moved to Stockholm and practiced as a doctor .	[]
In the 1740s , he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals .	Throughout the 1740s he conducted many field trips to places in Sweden to name plants and animals .	[]
In chemistry , a molecular orbital ( MO ) is a mathematical function describing the wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule .	In chemistry , a molecular orbital ( or MO ) explains what happens to electrons when atoms join together in a molecule . <SEP> A MO is a mathematical function which describes the wave-like behaviour of an electron in a molecule .	[]
This function can be used to calculate chemical and physical properties such as the probability of finding an electron in any specific region .	Chemists use such functions to predict or explain chemical and physical properties . <SEP> For example , the functions can tell the probability of finding an electron in any specific region .	[]
Molecular orbitals are usually constructed by combining atomic orbitals or hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule , or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms .	Chemists usually build mathematical models of molecular orbitals by combining atomic orbitals . <SEP> Hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule , or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms can also be used .	[]
The term " orbital " was introduced by Robert S. Mulliken in 1932 as an abbreviation for " one-electron orbital wave function " .	The word " orbital " was first used in English by Robert S. Mulliken .	[]
Molecular orbitals are obtained from the combination of atomic orbitals , which predict the location of an electron in an atom .	Atomic orbitals predict the position of an electron in an atom . <SEP> Molecular orbitals are created when atomic orbitals are brought together .	[]
A molecular orbital can specify the electron configuration of a molecule : the spatial distribution and energy of one ( or one pair of ) electron ( s ) .	A molecular orbital can give information about the electron configuration of a molecule . <SEP> The electron configuration is the most likely position , and the energy of one ( or one pair of ) electron ( s ) .	[]
Most commonly a MO is represented as a linear combination of atomic orbitals ( the LCAO-MO method ) , especially in qualitative or very approximate usage .	Mostly a MO is represented as a linear combination of atomic orbitals ( the LCAO-MO method ) , especially in approximate use .	[]
Most present-day methods in computational chemistry begin by calculating the MOs of the system .	Most present-day ways of doing computational chemistry begin by calculating the MOs of a system .	[]
A molecular orbital describes the behavior of one electron in the electric field generated by the nuclei and some average distribution of the other electrons .	Each MO 's electric field is generated by the nuclei of all the atoms and some average distribution of the other electrons .	[]
Arnold Koller ( born 29 August 1933 ) is a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ( 1986 – 1999 ) .	Arnold Koller ( born 29 August 1933 ) is a Swiss politician . <SEP> He was a member of the Swiss Federal Council ( 1986-1999 ) .	[]
He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 10 December 1986 as a member of the Christian Democratic People 's Party of Switzerland from the canton of Appenzell Inner Rhodes .	He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 10 December 1986 . <SEP> He was member of the Christian Democratic People 's Party of Switzerland from the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden .	[]
It prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures .	The Fourth Amendment ( Amendment IV ) to the United States Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires any search warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause .	[]
The Fourth Amendment ( Amendment IV ) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights .	It is part of the Bill of Rights .	[]
The Fourth Amendment was adopted in response to the abuse of the writ of assistance , a type of general search warrant issued by the British government , and a major source of tension in pre-Revolutionary America .	The Fourth amendment was adopted in response to the abuse of the writ of assistance , a type of general search warrant issued by the British government . <SEP> It was a major source of tension in pre-Revolutionary America .	[]
The Fourth Amendment was introduced in Congress in 1789 by James Madison , along with the other amendments in the Bill of Rights , in response to Anti-Federalist objections to the new Constitution .	The Fourth Amendment was introduced in Congress in 1789 by James Madison , along with the other amendments in the Bill of Rights . <SEP> They were proposed in response to Anti-Federalist objections to the new Constitution .	[]
Congress submitted the amendment to the states on September 28 , 1789 .	Congress sent 12 amendments to the states in August of 1789 .	[]
Vermont ratified on November 3 , 1791 , approving all twelve amendments , and Virginia finally followed on December 15 , 1791 .	The last state , Virginia ratified the amendments ( including the fourth amendment ) on December 15 , 1791 .	[]
Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the adoption of the ten successfully ratified amendments on March 1 , 1792 .	On March 1 , 1792 , Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the adoption of the amendment .	[]
He was born in Paris , France .	He was born in Paris .	[]
Na + / K + -ATPase ( sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase , also known as the Na + / K + pump or sodium – potassium pump ) is an enzyme ( an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase ) found in the plasma membrane of all animal cells .	Na / K-ATPase is an enzyme found in the plasma membrane . <SEP> It is sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase , also known as the ' Na / K pump ' , ' sodium-potassium pump ' , or simply ' sodium pump ' , for short .	[]
The sodium-potassium pump was discovered in 1957 by the Danish scientist Jens Christian Skou , who was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work in 1997 .	It was first discovered by Jens Christian Skou who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1997 .	[]
The Na + / K + -ATPase enzyme is a solute pump that pumps potassium into cells while pumping sodium out of cells , both against their concentration gradients .	The enzyme moves Na ( sodium ) ions out of the cell and replaces them with K ( potassium ) ions . <SEP> This keeps the Na + ions outside of the cell membrane , and keeps the K + ions on the inside of the cell membrane .	[]
For every ATP molecule that the pump uses , three sodium ions are exported and two potassium ions are imported ; there is hence a net export of a single positive charge per pump cycle .	For every three sodium ions that get pumped out of the cell , two potassium ions get pumped into the cell .	[]
In 1988 , Bridgestone purchased the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company of Akron , Ohio .	In 1988 , Bridgestone purchased the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company .	[]
Placing considerable financial and personnel resources into rebuilding Firestone after the purchase , Bridgestone achieved surplus annual profits for the year 1992 with BFE ( " Bridgestone Firestone Europe " ) and again in 1993 with BFS ( " Bridgestone Firestone USA " ) .	By 1992 , they were making a profit with " Bridgestone Firestone Europe " . <SEP> By 1993 , they were making a profit with " Bridgestone Firestone USA " .	[]
USA were amalgamated in 1990 and became " " Bridgestone Firestone North American Holdings Ltd " " .	The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company and Bridgestone Tire Company Ltd USA were merged in 1990 and became Bridgestone Firestone North American Holdings Ltd .	[]
In order to increase the Firestone subsidiary 's brand awareness , " Bridgestone Firestone NAH Ltd " , re-entered the Firestone brand into CART IndyCar open-wheel racing in 1995 to challenge Goodyear .	To increase the brand awareness , they re-entered the Firestone brand into IndyCar racing in 1995 .	[]
The Moscow Symphony Orchestra is a non-state-supported Russian symphony orchestra , founded in 1989 by the sisters Ellen and Marina Levine .	The Moscow Symphony Orchestra is an orchestra based in Moscow , Russia .	[]
The orchestra has performed with Russian soloists such as Yuri Bashmet , Victor Tretyakov , Vadim Repin , Alexander Knyazev , Alexander Rudin , Alexander Ghindin and Andrei Korobeinikov and with international soloists such as and .	The orchestra have played under famous Russian conductors and with famous soloists , including Yuri Bashmet and Vadim Repin .	[]
The MSO has toured to most European countries , as well as Hong Kong , Japan , South Korea , China , Argentina and the United States .	The Orchestra have given concerts in United States , Japan , South Korea and Western Europe .	[]
Philippe Washer was born on 6 August 1924 in Brussels .	He was born in Brussels , Belgium .	[]
Washer retired from tennis in 1961 and moved to Switzerland .	Washer retired from tennis in 1961 .	[]
Washer died on 27 November 2015 at the age of 91 .	Washer died on 27 November 2015 in Knokke , West Flanders , Belgium from heart failure at the age of 91 .	[]
Dominique Baudis ( ] ; 14 April 1947 – 10 April 2014 ) was the French ombudsman .	Dominique Baudis ( ] ; 14 April 1947 – 10 April 2014 ) was a French ombudsman , journalist and politician . <SEP> Baudis died from cancer on 10 April 2014 in Paris .	[]
Formerly a journalist , politician and Mayor of Toulouse , he had been a member of DL and later of the leading centre-right Union for a Popular Movement .	He was also a member of DL and later of the leading centre-right Union for a Popular Movement .	[]

Reginald Roy Grundy ( 4 August 1923 – 6 May 2016 ) was an Australian entrepreneur and media mogul , best known for his numerous television productions .

Reginald Roy " Reg " Grundy ( 4 August 1923 – 6 May 2016 ) was an Australian entrepreneur , and media and television mogul . <SEP> He was one of the pioneers and most successful television businessman in Australia .

[]

Reginald Roy Grundy was born on 4 August 1923 in Sydney , New South Wales , to Roy Grundy and Lillian Lees .

He was born in Sydney .

[]

He was the producer of game shows such as " Blankety Blanks " ( based on a Mark Goodson-Bill Todman production , " Match Game " ) and " Wheel of Fortune " ( based on the Merv Griffin production of the same name ) , before later diversifying into soap operas and serials including " Prisoner " , " The Young Doctors " , " Sons and Daughters " and " Neighbours " , which was inducted into the Logie Hall of Fame in 2005 .

He was also the creator of many TV hits starting with game shows like " Wheel of Fortune " and " Blankety Blanks " and later soap operas " Neighbours " , " Prisoner " , " Sons and Daughters " and " The Young Doctors " .

[]

The album debuted on the UK album chart at No. 12 .

It entered the UK Album Chart at number twelve , and spent over a year in it .

[]

In May 1998 , " Version 2.0 " debuted at No. 1 in the UK and at No. 13 in the " Billboard " 200 .

In March 1998 the first single from their upcoming album " Version 2.0 " , " Push It " was released . <SEP> In May 1998 the band released their second album , " Version 2.0 " .

[]

It became their third consecutive UK top ten hit at No. 9 .

It was their third UK Top Ten hit in a row , reaching number 9 .

[]

" I Think I 'm Paranoid " was released worldwide in July , while the music video for " Push It " received eight nominations at the 1998 MTV Video Music Awards .

The video was nominated for eight MTV Music Video Awards .

[]

Garbage began touring " Version 2.0 " that month , a tour which lasted until the end of 1999 .

That month they started touring to promote the album until the end of 1999 .

[]

In early 1999 , " Version 2.0 " received two Grammy Award nominations for Album of the Year and Best Rock Album " Special " was No. 1 most added single at the Top 40 radio .

It was nominated for the 1999 Grammy Award for Album of the Year and Best Rock Album .

[]

Garbage quietly disbanded amidst the troubled production of their fourth album " Bleed Like Me " , but regrouped to complete the album , which was released in 2005 and peaked at a career-high number four in the US .

" Bleed Like Me " was released in 2005 .

[]

Garbage began work on the new songs in earnest during February and March at Vig 's home studio , completing four tracks including " Tell Me Where It Hurts " , which was released as the album 's lead single .

It had a new song , " Tell Me Where It Hurts " .

[]

" Not Your Kind of People " was released on May 14 , 2012 , to generally positive reviews .

In May 2012 " Not Your Kind of People " was released on the band 's own label STUNVOLUME .

[]

Erik the Red 's father , Thorvald Asvaldsson , was banished from Norway because of some killings .

His father , Thorvald Asvaldsson , murdered a man , so the family was exiled to Iceland .

[]

The Icelanders later sentenced Erik to exile for three years for killing Eyiolf the Foul around the year 982 .

Erik also got into some trouble in Iceland , and was exiled in 982 .

[]

After spending the winter in Iceland , Erik returned to Greenland in 985 with a large number of colonists .

Erik was no longer exiled from Iceland , so he returned the summer of 985 .

[]

The Icelanders established two colonies on the southwest coast : the Eastern Settlement or Eystribyggð , in modern-day Qaqortoq , and the Western Settlement , close to present-day Nuuk .

There were two established settlements ; the Eastern Settlement on the coast on the southwest , and the Western Settlement 300 miles above that Settlement .

[]

The equipment was provided by Dick , Kerr & Co. of Preston , which was developing its products for overseas sales .

The equipment was provided by Dick , Kerr & Co. of Preston , which was developing its products for export .

[]

In 1918 the line was converted to the 1200 V DC system chosen for the Bury line and the cars stored before being converted into an experimental 4-car diesel-electric unit in 1927 .

In 1918 the line was converted to the 1,200 V DC system chosen for the Manchester to Bury line .

[]

After the Holcombe Brook service , the LYR decided to electrify the Manchester Victoria to Bury line using 1,200 V DC side-contact third rail , and originally a fourth rail was bonded to the running rails .

After the Holcombe Brook service , the L & YR decided to electrify the Manchester to Bury line . <SEP> The system used was 1,200 V DC from a side-contact third rail .

[]

The purpose of this unique third rail arrangement was to prevent the service being affected by ice forming on the live rail .

The purpose of this unusual arrangement was to prevent the service being affected by ice forming on the live rail .

[]

Sixty-six cars were built at Newton Heath works , the electrical equipment having been supplied by Dick , Kerr & Co .

Sixty-six cars were built at Newton Heath works . <SEP> The electrical equipment was supplied by Dick , Kerr & Co .

[]

Opening was delayed by World War I : the first public services ran on 17 April 1916 , and 16 weeks later the steam trains were withdrawn .

The first public services ran on 17 April 1916 ,

[]

Toad ( Japanese : , Hepburn : Kinopio ) is a fictional mushroom-humanoid who primarily appears in Nintendo 's " Mario " franchise .

Toad ( キノピオ , Kinopio ) is a fictional character in Nintendo 's Super Mario Bros. series of video games .

[]

Toad appeared in the animated series " The Super Mario Bros.

Toad first appeared in Super Mario Bros , but did n't have a name .

[]

The blue Toad has a similar appearance similar with the original Toad and even shares the same voices as Toad in " New Super Mario Bros.

He also shares many similarities with the blue toad in New Super Mario Bros.

[]

Toad bears a similar appearance to the rest of his species with his large mushroom caps and clothes .

Toad looks like a small man with a mushroom-like hat .

[]

Toad and the mushroom people were first seen in the game " Super Mario Bros. " where the species was revealed to comprise the majority of the population of the Mushroom Kingdom .

Toad and the species were first seen in the game " Super Mario Bros. " .

[]

Toad 's design was made directly from the power up the Super Mushroom , as well as the game 's general association with mushrooms .

Toad 's design was made directly from the power up , the Super Mushroom as well as the game 's general use with mushrooms .

[]

Shigeru Miyamoto , the creator of the " Mario " franchise , reasons that Toad 's creation was that of being a character that has a simplistic design ; yet , still appears cute and lovely and pleasing to everybody .

Shigeru Miyamoto , the creator of the Mario series , made a reason that Toad 's creation was that of being a character that has a simplistic design ; yet , still appears cute and lovely and pleases to everybody .

[]

During the development of " New Super Mario Bros.

During the making of " New Super Mario Bros.

[]

He has appeared in much of the " Mario " merchandise in products ranging from toys to plushies and keychains , and is featured in Nintendo 's board games such as being on the protagonist side in a " Mario " themed chess set and being a purchasable character in a Nintendo-themed monopoly game .

Toad appears in the Mario merchandise varying from toys and plushies , keychains etc . <SEP> Toad is featured in Nintendo 's board games such as being on the protagonist side in the Mario themed chess set , as well as being a purchasable character in the Nintendo monopoly game .

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But our princess is in another castle ! " ,

" Black Pear Tree " , an EP by The Mountain Goats and Kaki King , features a song titled " Thank You Mario But Our Princess is in Another Castle , " sung from the view of Toad .

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Toad ranked in the seventh slot on GameDaily 's top 10 Nintendo characters that deserve their own games list ; the site explained that he has a strong appeal that Nintendo has yet to tap into .

Toad ranked in the seventh slot on Game Daily 's top 10 Nintendo characters that deserve their own games list ; the site explained that he has a strong appeal that Nintendo has yet to tap into .

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Toad is listed in The Most Neglected Mario Bros.

Toad is listed as number two in the most neglected Mario Bros. characters list as he has been described by the site to have been ignored by Nintendo for quite a while due to the lack of starring roles he gets in the more recent games .

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In an Oricon poll conducted in Japan from 2008 , Toad was voted as the eighth most popular video game character in Japan .

In an Oricon poll from 2008 , Toad was voted as the eighth most popular video game character in Japan .

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IGN editor Matt Casamassina criticized Nintendo for including the two generic Toads over more notable characters ( including the red-spotted Toad himself ) in the " Mario " series for " New Super Mario Bros.

IGN editor Matt Casamassina criticized Nintendo for including the Toads over more notable characters in the " Mario " series for New Super Mario Bros.

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Gene Saks ( November 8 , 1921 – March 28 , 2015 ) was an American stage , film director , and actor .

Gene Saks ( Jean Michael Saks ; November 8 , 1921 – March 28 , 2015 ) was an American stage and movie director .

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Saks was born Jean Michael Saks in New York City , the son of Beatrix ( ne ́ e Lewkowitz ) and Morris J. Saks .

Saks was born in New York City on November 6 , 1921 .

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He studied at Cornell University and trained for acting at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York with the German director Erwin Piscator .

He studied at Cornell University and at The New School .

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Saks was married to fellow Actors Studio member actress Bea Arthur , from 1950 until 1978 .

Saks was married to Bea Arthur from 1950 to 1980 .

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He was married to Bea Arthur from 1950 until 1978 , and subsequently to Keren Saks , from 1980 to his death in 2015 .

He married to Keren Saks .

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Saks succumbed to pneumonia at East Hampton residence on March 28 , 2015 , aged 93 .

Saks died from pneumonia in his East Hampton , New York home on March 28 , 2015 , aged 93 .

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Joseph Ejercito Estrada ( born Jose ́ Marcelo Eje ́ rcito ; April 19 , 1937 ) is a Filipino politician and former actor who served as the 13th President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001 , ninth Vice President of the Philippines from 1992 to 1998 , and the 26th Mayor of the City of Manila , the country 's capital , from 2013 to 2019 .

Joseph " Erap " Eje ́ rcito Estrada ( born Jose ́ Marcelo Eje ́ rcito ; April 19 , 1937 ) is a Filipino politician . <SEP> He served as the thirteenth President of the Philippines from 1998 until 2001 .

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He later served as City Mayor of Manila for two terms , from 2013 to 2019 .

He is currently the Mayor of Manila , the country 's capital . <SEP> He was elected as mayor in the mid-term elections in 2013 .

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Gjermund Eggen ( 5 June 1941 – 6 May 2019 ) was a Norwegian cross-country skier who won three gold medals at the 1966 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships .

Gjermund Eggen ( 5 June 1941 – 6 May 2019 ) was a Norwegian cross-country skier . <SEP> He won three gold medals at the 1966 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships .

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He was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1968 ( shared with King Olav V , Assar Ro ̈ nnlund , and Bjørn Wirkola ) .

He was awarded the Holmenkollen medal in 1968 .

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Eggen was born in Engerdal to farmer and forest worker Per Eggen and Sina Heggeriset .

Eggen was born in Engerdal , Norway .

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Eggen died in Elverum at age 77 .

Eggen died in Elverum , Norway on 6 May 2019 at age 77 .

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This article documents the most distant astronomical objects so far discovered , and the time periods in which they were so classified .

This article lists the most distant things known to us , all of which are galaxies or energy sources inside galaxies .

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1 Gly ( gigalight-year ) = 1 billion light-years .

redshift = z , and billion light years ( Gly ) . <SEP> 1 Gly = 1 billion light-years = 10 ly .

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s of 2012 , there were about 50 possible objects z = 8 or farther , and another 100 z = 7 candidates , based on photometric redshift estimates released by the Hubble eXtreme Deep Field ( XDF ) project from observations made between mid-2002 and December 2012 .

As of 2012 , there are only about 50 possible objects z = 8 or farther , and another 100 z = 7 candidates .

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Not everything is included here .

Candidates vary in their notablity , so not everything is included here .

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Eyes with resolving power have come in ten fundamentally different forms , and 96 % of animal species possess a complex optical system .

About 97 percent of animals have eyes .

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Image-resolving eyes are present in molluscs , chordates and arthropods .

Image-resolving eyes are present in cnidaria , molluscs , vertebrates , annelids and arthropods .

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There are ten different eye layouts — indeed every technological method of capturing an optical image commonly used by human beings , with the exceptions of zoom and Fresnel lenses , occur in nature .

Today , ten different types of eyes are known .

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The very earliest " eyes " , called eye-spots , were simple patches of photoreceptor protein in unicellular animals .

The evolution of eyes started with simplest light-sensitive patches in unicellular organisms .

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The simplest " eyes " , such as those in microorganisms , do nothing but detect whether the surroundings are light or dark , which is sufficient for the entrainment of circadian rhythms .

These eye-spots do nothing but detect if the surroundings are light or dark .

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From more complex eyes , retinal photosensitive ganglion cells send signals along the retinohypothalamic tract to the suprachiasmatic nuclei to effect circadian adjustment and to the pretectal area to control the pupillary light reflex .

They send their information about light to the brain along a different path ( the " retinohypothalamic tract " ) .

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Synthetic tin ( IV ) oxide is produced by burning tin metal in air .

It can be made in pure form by burning powdered tin in air . <SEP> A tin ( IV ) oxide wire is heated .

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SnO is used in sensors of combustible gases including carbon monoxide detectors .

It is used to detect carbon monoxide . <SEP> It is used in sensors of gases that can burn .

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Radley Metzger ( also known as Radley Henry Metzger , Radley H. Metzger and by the pseudonyms , " Jake Barnes " , " Erich Farina " and " Henry Paris " ) ( January 21 , 1929 – March 31 , 2017 ) was an American pioneering filmmaker and film distributor , most noted for popular artistic , adult-oriented films , including " Camille 2000 " ( 1969 ) , " The Lickerish Quartet " ( 1970 ) , " Score " ( 1974 ) , " The Private Afternoons of Pamela Mann " ( 1974 ) , " The Image " ( 1975 ) and " The Opening of Misty Beethoven " ( 1976 ) .

Radley Metzger ( also known as Radley Henry Metzger and by the pseudonyms , " Jake Barnes " and " Henry Paris " ( born January 21 , 1929 ; died March 31 , 2017 ) was an American pioneering filmmaker and . <SEP> Metzger was known for directing popular , , including " " ( 1969 ) , " " ( 1974 ) , " " ( 1970 ) , " " ( 1975 ) and " " ( 1976 ) .

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According to one film reviewer , Metzger 's films , including those made during the Golden Age of Porn ( 1969 – 1984 ) , are noted for their " lavish design , witty screenplays , and a penchant for the unusual camera angle " .

According to one , Metzger 's films , including those made during the , are noted for their " lavish design , witty screenplays , and a for the unusual " .

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Linnaeus was born in the countryside of Sma ̊ land in southern Sweden .

Carl was born in Sweden .

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Three months later , he moved to Stockholm to find employment as a physician , and thus to make it possible to support a family .

Later he moved to Stockholm and practiced as a doctor .

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In the 1740s , he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals .

Throughout the 1740s he conducted many field trips to places in Sweden to name plants and animals .

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In chemistry , a molecular orbital ( MO ) is a mathematical function describing the wave-like behavior of an electron in a molecule .

In chemistry , a molecular orbital ( or MO ) explains what happens to electrons when atoms join together in a molecule . <SEP> A MO is a mathematical function which describes the wave-like behaviour of an electron in a molecule .

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This function can be used to calculate chemical and physical properties such as the probability of finding an electron in any specific region .

Chemists use such functions to predict or explain chemical and physical properties . <SEP> For example , the functions can tell the probability of finding an electron in any specific region .

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Molecular orbitals are usually constructed by combining atomic orbitals or hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule , or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms .

Chemists usually build mathematical models of molecular orbitals by combining atomic orbitals . <SEP> Hybrid orbitals from each atom of the molecule , or other molecular orbitals from groups of atoms can also be used .

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The term " orbital " was introduced by Robert S. Mulliken in 1932 as an abbreviation for " one-electron orbital wave function " .

The word " orbital " was first used in English by Robert S. Mulliken .

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Molecular orbitals are obtained from the combination of atomic orbitals , which predict the location of an electron in an atom .

Atomic orbitals predict the position of an electron in an atom . <SEP> Molecular orbitals are created when atomic orbitals are brought together .

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A molecular orbital can specify the electron configuration of a molecule : the spatial distribution and energy of one ( or one pair of ) electron ( s ) .

A molecular orbital can give information about the electron configuration of a molecule . <SEP> The electron configuration is the most likely position , and the energy of one ( or one pair of ) electron ( s ) .

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Most commonly a MO is represented as a linear combination of atomic orbitals ( the LCAO-MO method ) , especially in qualitative or very approximate usage .

Mostly a MO is represented as a linear combination of atomic orbitals ( the LCAO-MO method ) , especially in approximate use .

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Most present-day methods in computational chemistry begin by calculating the MOs of the system .

Most present-day ways of doing computational chemistry begin by calculating the MOs of a system .

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A molecular orbital describes the behavior of one electron in the electric field generated by the nuclei and some average distribution of the other electrons .

Each MO 's electric field is generated by the nuclei of all the atoms and some average distribution of the other electrons .

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Arnold Koller ( born 29 August 1933 ) is a Swiss politician and member of the Swiss Federal Council ( 1986 – 1999 ) .

Arnold Koller ( born 29 August 1933 ) is a Swiss politician . <SEP> He was a member of the Swiss Federal Council ( 1986-1999 ) .

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He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 10 December 1986 as a member of the Christian Democratic People 's Party of Switzerland from the canton of Appenzell Inner Rhodes .

He was elected to the Federal Council of Switzerland on 10 December 1986 . <SEP> He was member of the Christian Democratic People 's Party of Switzerland from the canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden .

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It prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures .

The Fourth Amendment ( Amendment IV ) to the United States Constitution prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures and requires any search warrant to be judicially sanctioned and supported by probable cause .

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The Fourth Amendment ( Amendment IV ) to the United States Constitution is part of the Bill of Rights .

It is part of the Bill of Rights .

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The Fourth Amendment was adopted in response to the abuse of the writ of assistance , a type of general search warrant issued by the British government , and a major source of tension in pre-Revolutionary America .

The Fourth amendment was adopted in response to the abuse of the writ of assistance , a type of general search warrant issued by the British government . <SEP> It was a major source of tension in pre-Revolutionary America .

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The Fourth Amendment was introduced in Congress in 1789 by James Madison , along with the other amendments in the Bill of Rights , in response to Anti-Federalist objections to the new Constitution .

The Fourth Amendment was introduced in Congress in 1789 by James Madison , along with the other amendments in the Bill of Rights . <SEP> They were proposed in response to Anti-Federalist objections to the new Constitution .

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Congress submitted the amendment to the states on September 28 , 1789 .

Congress sent 12 amendments to the states in August of 1789 .

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Vermont ratified on November 3 , 1791 , approving all twelve amendments , and Virginia finally followed on December 15 , 1791 .

The last state , Virginia ratified the amendments ( including the fourth amendment ) on December 15 , 1791 .

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Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the adoption of the ten successfully ratified amendments on March 1 , 1792 .

On March 1 , 1792 , Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson announced the adoption of the amendment .

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He was born in Paris , France .

He was born in Paris .

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Na + / K + -ATPase ( sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase , also known as the Na + / K + pump or sodium – potassium pump ) is an enzyme ( an electrogenic transmembrane ATPase ) found in the plasma membrane of all animal cells .

Na / K-ATPase is an enzyme found in the plasma membrane . <SEP> It is sodium-potassium adenosine triphosphatase , also known as the ' Na / K pump ' , ' sodium-potassium pump ' , or simply ' sodium pump ' , for short .

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The sodium-potassium pump was discovered in 1957 by the Danish scientist Jens Christian Skou , who was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work in 1997 .

It was first discovered by Jens Christian Skou who won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1997 .

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The Na + / K + -ATPase enzyme is a solute pump that pumps potassium into cells while pumping sodium out of cells , both against their concentration gradients .

The enzyme moves Na ( sodium ) ions out of the cell and replaces them with K ( potassium ) ions . <SEP> This keeps the Na + ions outside of the cell membrane , and keeps the K + ions on the inside of the cell membrane .

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For every ATP molecule that the pump uses , three sodium ions are exported and two potassium ions are imported ; there is hence a net export of a single positive charge per pump cycle .

For every three sodium ions that get pumped out of the cell , two potassium ions get pumped into the cell .

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In 1988 , Bridgestone purchased the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company of Akron , Ohio .

In 1988 , Bridgestone purchased the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company .

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Placing considerable financial and personnel resources into rebuilding Firestone after the purchase , Bridgestone achieved surplus annual profits for the year 1992 with BFE ( " Bridgestone Firestone Europe " ) and again in 1993 with BFS ( " Bridgestone Firestone USA " ) .

By 1992 , they were making a profit with " Bridgestone Firestone Europe " . <SEP> By 1993 , they were making a profit with " Bridgestone Firestone USA " .

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USA were amalgamated in 1990 and became " " Bridgestone Firestone North American Holdings Ltd " " .

The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company and Bridgestone Tire Company Ltd USA were merged in 1990 and became Bridgestone Firestone North American Holdings Ltd .

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In order to increase the Firestone subsidiary 's brand awareness , " Bridgestone Firestone NAH Ltd " , re-entered the Firestone brand into CART IndyCar open-wheel racing in 1995 to challenge Goodyear .

To increase the brand awareness , they re-entered the Firestone brand into IndyCar racing in 1995 .

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The Moscow Symphony Orchestra is a non-state-supported Russian symphony orchestra , founded in 1989 by the sisters Ellen and Marina Levine .

The Moscow Symphony Orchestra is an orchestra based in Moscow , Russia .

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The orchestra has performed with Russian soloists such as Yuri Bashmet , Victor Tretyakov , Vadim Repin , Alexander Knyazev , Alexander Rudin , Alexander Ghindin and Andrei Korobeinikov and with international soloists such as and .

The orchestra have played under famous Russian conductors and with famous soloists , including Yuri Bashmet and Vadim Repin .

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The MSO has toured to most European countries , as well as Hong Kong , Japan , South Korea , China , Argentina and the United States .

The Orchestra have given concerts in United States , Japan , South Korea and Western Europe .

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Philippe Washer was born on 6 August 1924 in Brussels .

He was born in Brussels , Belgium .

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Washer retired from tennis in 1961 and moved to Switzerland .

Washer retired from tennis in 1961 .

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Washer died on 27 November 2015 at the age of 91 .

Washer died on 27 November 2015 in Knokke , West Flanders , Belgium from heart failure at the age of 91 .

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Dominique Baudis ( ] ; 14 April 1947 – 10 April 2014 ) was the French ombudsman .

Dominique Baudis ( ] ; 14 April 1947 – 10 April 2014 ) was a French ombudsman , journalist and politician . <SEP> Baudis died from cancer on 10 April 2014 in Paris .

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Formerly a journalist , politician and Mayor of Toulouse , he had been a member of DL and later of the leading centre-right Union for a Popular Movement .

He was also a member of DL and later of the leading centre-right Union for a Popular Movement .

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