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So are do you treat breath and laughter as phonetically , or as word models , or what ?
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so
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Uh is it ?
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Huh. I I think it 's frequent in in the meeting.
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I think he 's right. Yeah.
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We tried both. Uh , currently , um , we use special words. There was a there 's actually a word for uh , it 's not just breathing but all kinds of mouth
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Mm - hmm. Mouth stuff ?
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uh , mouth mouth stuff. And then laughter is a is a special word.
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How would we do that with the hybrid system ?
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Same thing.
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So train a phone in the neural net ?
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Same thing ? Yeah. Yeah. You ha Oh. And each of these words has a dedicated phone.
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No
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Oh , it does ?
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So the so the the mouth noise , uh , word has just a single phone , um , that is for that.
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Right. So in the hybrid system we could train the net with a laughter phone and a breath sound phone.
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Yeah.
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Yeah. Yeah.
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I mean , it 's it 's it 's always the same thing.
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Mm - hmm.
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Right ? I mean , you could you could say well , let we now think that laughter should have three sub sub sub - units in the the three states , uh different states.
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Yeah.
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And then you would have three I mean , you know , eh , eh , it 's u
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Do whatever you want.
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And the the pronun the pronunciations the pronunciations are l are somewhat non - standard.
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Yeah.
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Yeah , yeah.
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No.
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They actually are uh , it 's just a single , s uh , you know , a single phone in the pronunciation , but it has a self - loop on it , so it can
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To go on forever ?
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r can go on forever.
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And how do you handle it in the language model ?
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It 's just a it 's just a word.
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It 's just a word in the language model.
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We train it like any other word.
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Cool.
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Yeah. We also tried , um , absorbing these uh , both laughter and and actually also noise , and , um
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Yeah.
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Yes. OK. Anyway. We also tried absorbing that into the pause model I mean , the the the model that that matches the stuff between words.
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Mm - hmm.
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And , um , it didn't work as well. So.
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Huh. OK.
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Mm - hmm.
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Can you hand me your digit form ?
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Sorry.
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I just wanna mark that you did not read digits.
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OK. Say hi for me.
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Good. You you did get me to thinking about I I 'm not really sure which is more frequent , whether f f laughing I think it may be an individual thing. Some people are more prone to laughing when they 're speaking.
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Yeah.
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I was noticing that with Dan in the one that we , uh we hand tran hand - segmented ,
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Yeah. I think
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But I can't
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Yeah.
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that th he has these little chuckles as he talks.
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Yeah. OK.
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I 'm sure it 's very individual. And and one thing that c that we 're not doing , of course , is we 're not claiming to , uh , get be getting a representation of mankind in these recordings. We have this very , very tiny sample of of
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Yeah.
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Yeah.
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Yeah.
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Speech researchers ?
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Uh , yeah. And Yeah , r right.
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Speech research.
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So , uh , who knows. Uh Yeah. Why don why don't we just since we 're on this vein , why don't we just continue with , uh , what you were gonna say about the transcriptions
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OK.
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and ?
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Um , um , the I I 'm really very for I 'm extremely fortunate with the people who , uh , applied and who are transcribing for us. They are , um , um , uh really perceptive and very , um and I 'm not just saying that cuz they might be hearing this.
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Cuz they 're gonna be transcribing it in a few days.
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No , they 're super. They 're the they very quick.
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OK. Turn the mikes off and let 's talk.
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Yeah , I know. I am I 'm serious. They 're just super. So I , um , e you know , I I brought them in and , um , trained them in pairs because I think people can raise questions
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That 's a good idea.
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you know , i i the they think about different things and they think of different and um , I trained them to , uh , f on about a minute or two of the one that was already transcribed. This also gives me a sense of You know , I can I can use that later , with reference to inter - coder reliability kind of issues. But the main thing was to get them used to the conventions and , you know , the idea of the th th the size of the unit versus how long it takes to play it back so these th sort of calibration issues. And then , um , I just set them loose and they 're they all have e a already background in using computers. They 're , um they 're trained in linguistics.
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Good. Oh , no. Is that good or bad ?
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They got
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Uh - huh.
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Well , they they 're very perce they 'll So one of them said " well , you know , he really said " n " , not really " and " ,
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Yeah. Yeah.
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so what what should I do with that ? "
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Yeah.
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And I said , " well for our purposes ,
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Yeah.
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I do have a convention. If it 's an a noncanonical p " That one , I think we you know , with Eric 's work , I sort of figure we we can just treat that as a variant. But I told them if if there 's an obvious speech error , uh , like I said in one thing ,
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OK. Yes.
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and I gave my my example , like I said , " microfon " in instead of " microphone ". Didn't bother I knew it when I said it. I remember s thinking " oh , that 's not correctly pronounced ". But it but I thought it 's not worth fixing cuz often when you 're speaking everybody knows what what you mean.
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You 'll self - repair. Yeah.
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Yeah.
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But I have a convention that if it 's obviously a noncanonical pronunciation a speech error with you know , wi within the realm of resolution that you can tell in this native English American English speaker , you know that I didn't mean to say " microfon. " Then you 'd put a little tick at the beginning of the word ,
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Yeah.
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and that just signals that , um , this is not standard , and then in curly brackets " pron error ". And , um , and other than that , it 's w word level. But , you know , the fact that they noticed , you know , the " nnn ". " He said " nnn " , not " and ". What shall I do with that ? " I mean , they 're very perceptive. And and s several of them are trained in IPA. C they really could do phonetic transcription if if we wanted them to.
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Mm - hmm. Right. Well Well , you know , it might be something we 'd wanna do with some , uh , s small subset of the whole thing.
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Hmm. Where were they when we needed them ?
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I think
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We certainly wouldn't wanna do it with everything.
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And I 'm also thinking these people are a terrific pool. I mean , if , uh so I I told them that , um , we don't know if this will continue past the end of the month
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Uh - huh.
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and I also m I think they know that the data p source is limited and I may not be able to keep them employed till the end of the month even , although I hope to.
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The other thing we could do , actually , uh , is , uh , use them for a more detailed analysis of the overlaps.
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And Oh , that 'd be so super. They would be so s so terrific.
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I mean , this was something that we were talking about.
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Right ?
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