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maedivisna virus infection in a flock of sheep in scotland was associated with respiratory disease neurological disease mastitis and lameness the major clinical signs were dyspnoea particularly on exercise progressive fore and hindlimb ataxia and balance defects mammary induration and multilimb lameness occasionally with enlarged carpal joints pathological examinations revealed lesions in the lungs CNS system mammary PG and joints which were consistent with those induced by maedivisna virus the was no clinical or pathological evidence of concurrent sheep pulmonary adenomatosis and pulmonary bacterial infections when they occurred were superimposed on the lesions due to MV virus
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the synthesis of the feiii coii mnii and ruiii complexes with two polyaminepolycarboxylate ligands nhydroxyethylethylenediaminen n ntriacetic acid hl and ethylene bisglycol tetraacetic acid hl is reported potentiometric studies showed that these ligands form SD complexes in AQ solution and no metal PR occurs thus accounting for their low toxicity in cultured raw macrophages xray characterization of the col complex showed that binding sites are available at the metal for no binding efficiency of these EDC to bind no was studied by uvvis spectrophotometry then their noscavenging properties were assayed in a cellfree system under physiological conditions using snitrosonacetyldlpenicillamine snap as no source the l complexes caused the most effective reduction of free no mnl being the most efficient conversely in nos ii induced raw macrophages the ruiii and coii complexes with l were the most effective compounds rul also afforded significant protection against lipopolysaccharideinduced endotoxic shock in the mouse in vivo
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the genome of mycoplasma gallisepticum a contains a truncated pseudogene for s rrna in addition to a single unsplit rrnaoperon and a second discontinuous set of rrna genes other m gallisepticum strains tested do not possess the truncated gene this gene is almost MZ to fullsize isolated s rrna gene starting from at least nucleotides UP of the coding sequence and ending at the th nucleotide within the structural part of s rrna
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complementmediated bactericidal and opsonic activity of igg and igg antibodies to Hib polysaccharide PRP prp were investigated the antibody sources were igg or igg subclass polyclonal antibody fractions prepared by immunoabsoas these dermatological forms are part of the wide spectrum of lupus cutaneous manifestations are often associated with systemic signs of varying type and severity and with immunological CA such as antibodies to ro in subacute cutaneous le which act as markers of the disease
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CAS is known to activate the MOC system which is capable of modulating the amplification process in the outer hair cells of the inner ear we investigated the influence of different C2 of CL broadband noise on DP otoacoustic emissions in humans with a particular focus on the quadratic distortion product at ff the primary stimulus frequency ratio was optimized to yield maximum ff level while the cubic distortion product at ff was not significantly affected during contralateral noise stimulation the level of ff was reduced by up to db on average maximum db with significant suppression occurring for noise levels as low as db spl in addition a significant phase lead was observed quadratic distortions are minimal at a symmetrical position of the TF of the cochlear amplifier the observed sensitivity of ff to CL noise stimulation could hence be resulting from a shift of the operating state andor a change in the gain of the cochlear amplification due to CL induced efferent modulation of the outer hair cell properties
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the food contaminant norharman structurally resembles mptp a compound that selectively damages pigmented brain Az both compounds are sequestered and retained in melanincontaining SN the aim of the T0 was to examine whether intracellular melanin can modulate the toxicity of norharman in melaninloaded pc cells dopamine melanin protected against norharmaninduced upregulation of grp activation of ICE and necrosis at low concentrations and microm in contrast at a high conentration microm there was a significantly increased expression of grp hsp and caspase and a disassociation of melanin aggregates leading to dispersal of granules to swollen neurite terminals in human populations a LT lowlevel exposure to toxicants with a high affinity to melanin will probably result in accumulation in melanincontaining neurons in vivo our data suggest that accumulation of a neurotoxicant in melaninloaded cells may lead to increased cell AS AI signaling and disassociation of melanin aggregates
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biofilm with strong tensile strength is a topic item in the area of tissue engineering medicine engineering and so forth here we introduced an alkyl chitosan film with strong tensile strength and its possibility for an absorbable AC material in vivo was tested in the series of blood test such as dynamic coagulation time PRT and hemolysis alkyl chitosan film was a better biomaterial than traditional chitosan film in the AC tissue compatibility and cell compatibility the unique trait of alkyl chitosan film may be for its greater CA and hydrophobicity ability to reduce the adsorption capacity for the blood component and the activity of fibrinolytic enzymes enhance the antibacterial capacity than chitosan film moreover none of chitosan film or butyl chitosan film exhibited quick inflammation or other disadvantage and degraded quickly by implanted test therefore alkyl chitosan film is of prospective properties as an implantable absorbable agent for tissue heals and this material need further research © wiley periodicals inc j biomed mater res part a a
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the present study investigated the selection for action hypothesis according to which a subjects action intention to perform a movement influences the way in which visual information is being processed subjects were instructed in separate blocks either to grasp or to point to a threedimensional targetobject and eventrelated potentials were recorded relative to stimulus ON it was found that grasping compared with pointing resulted in a stronger n component and a subsequent SN which were localized to the lateral occipital complex these effects suggest that the intention to grasp influences the processing of actionrelevant features in VP stream Az already at an early stage eg enhanced processing of object orientation for grasping these findings provide new insight in the neural and temporal dynamics underlying perceptionaction coupling and provide neural evidence for a selection for action principle in early human visual processing
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parasitism can negatively affect learning and cognition setting the scene for coevolution between BB and immunity greater susceptibility to parasitism by males may impair their cognitive ability and relatively greater male investment in immunity could compensate for greater susceptibility to parasites in particular when males have a relatively large BB we analysed covariation between relative size of immune defence organs and brain in juvenile and AD birds the relative size of the bursa of fabricius and the SP in adults covaried positively with relative BB size across bird species the relative size of these two immune defence organs covaried with sex differences in relative size of the brain indicating that the relationship between immune defence and BB size was stronger for males in contrast CL and HR size or sexual size dimorphism in size did not covary with immune defence thus species in which males have relatively large brains also have relatively C1 immune defence organs
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microinjections of dihydroxytryptamine into both the dorsal and MR nuclei resulted in depletions of striatal and HPC ht concentrations compared with vehicleinjected controls the lesioned rats showed reduced active social interaction scores in all four of the test conditions and also reduced levels of locomotor activity the lesioned rats did not differ from the controls in their latency to start drinking in a novel environment or in their response to intruder rats placed in their home cages or in their behaviour as intruders when they were placed in the homecages of unoperated rats the difficulties of interpreting the behavioural effects of a lesion when the lesion produces hypoactivity and the differences between the effects of these joint lesions of both dorsal and median raphe nuclei amd the effects of separate lesions of each nucleus are discussed
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acute vestibular dysfunction and motion sickness are characterized by autonomic effects such as pallor NV previous anatomic and physiologic studies suggest that one potential mediator of these effects may be CS direct vestibular nuclear projections to the nucleus tractus solitarius and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve this T0 presents evidence for relatively dense direct projections from the vestibular nuclei to the parabrachial nucleus male albino rabbits received i.v. of phaseolus vulgaris LA into the vestibular nuclei the tracer was visualized immunocytochemically with standard techniques anterogradely labeled axons were traced bilaterally from the VN to the PB nuclear complex where they terminated around somata in the köllikerfuse nucleus external medial PB nucleus medial PB nucleus and lateral parabrachial nucleus less dense terminations were observed in the VL aspect of the medullary Rt formation the subtrigeminal nucleus lateral tegmental field and nucleus ambiguus these findings have several important implications first they suggest that vestibular input converges directly at BS C2 with visceral sensory input in both nucleus of the solitary tract and the parabrachial complex second they suggest that vestibular input influences BS autonomic outflow via two parallel pathways direct light projections to the nucleus of the solitary tract dorsal motor nucleus of the VN and VL medullary reticular formation and denser projection to regions of the PB nucleus that project to these BB stem regions finally since the parabrachial nucleus regions that receive vestibular input also project to the hypothalamus and the insular and infralimbic prefrontal SC the parabrachial nucleus may serve as an important relay and integrative structure for the cognitive impairment and vegetative PS associated with MS vestibular dysfunction and responses to altered gravitational environments
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several clinically effective antidepressants increase the neuronal FR in the lateral septal nucleus lsn a forebrain structure that is anatomically related to medial prefrontal SC mpfc regions mpfc CF is related to depression and the regulation of fear however unknown is whether antidepressant treatment or chronic stress modifies the responsivity of neuronal lsnmpfc connections we performed singleunit extracellular recordings in the anterior cingulate cortex acc and prelimbic pl and infralimbic il regions of the mpfc during stimulation of the lsn in anesthetized male wistar rats that received fluoxetine mgkg days or were subjected to CMS weeks the results were compared with a control group saline treatment devoid of behavioral manipulations stimulation of the lsn produced an initial excitatory paucisynaptic response followed by an afterdischarge characterized by an increase in the neuronal FR opposite changes were induced by fluoxetine treatment and chronic AS SE peristimulus histograms and unitactivity ratio analyses indicated that lsnmpfc responsivity differed between fluoxetine treatment and chronic stress exposure fluoxetine reduced neuronal responsivity in the lsnpl and lsnil and stress increased neuronal responsivity in the same regions in both cases the changes were more pronounced in the il region the lower responsivity of lsnpl and lsnil connections that was produced by fluoxetine may reflect a higher threshold for fear and lower responsivity of this connection may be related to states of fear the lsn and mpfc comprise a portion of a limbiccortical circuit where neuronal responses depend on TPS conditions
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the majority of cancerrelated deaths are attributed to lung carcinoma age increases this incidence which is also likely associated with physiologic modifications that affect drug pharmacokinetics and metabolism therefore knowledge of pharmacokinetics in elderly patients is one of the L1 factors in deciding whether or not to reduce the dose to prevent toxicity this phase ii study was aimed at evaluating the influence of age on oral vinorelbine pharmacokinetics in elderly patients with nonsmallcell lung CA nsclc inclusion criteria were years of age histologically or cytologically proven nsclc inoperable stage iiib iv or delayed relapse of any stage becoming unresectable karnofsky performance status and normal hematology and biochemistry bloodlimited sampling at intervals of and hours after dosing was performed during the first administration of oral vinorelbine at mgm bayesian pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated through previously published nonlinear mixedeffect modeling nonmem and compared with a REF population of patients age years selected from vinorelbine pharmacokinetic DB there were patients evaluable for pharmacokinetics out of the elderly patients enrolled age years there was no difference between pharmacokinetic parameters including the bioavailability factor evaluated by nonmem even without intravenous administration and a similar interindividual variability was observed between the CG furthermore no rho between age range years and oral vinorelbine total clearance was observed in patients pooled together therefore no requirement for oral vinorelbine dose reduction was suggested from a pharmacokinetic standpoint
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the research reported here tested the factor structure of a measure for sense of community in community organizations and it evaluated sense of communitys potential as an empowering organizational characteristic within an organizational empowerment framework randomly selected community organization participants n were surveyed as part of a T0 of a substance abuse prevention initiative located in the northeastern united states confirmatory factor analysis verified the putative structure of the sense of community measure tailored to community organizations hierarchical regression analyses indicated that community organization sense of community significantly predicted intrapersonal empowerment after controlling for demographics participation alienation and other empowering organizational characteristic findings imply that organizational sense of community should be considered as an empowering organizational characteristic in communitybased HE
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a yearold man was admitted to kanto central hospital with hemoptysis he had had chronic sinusitis and deafness since childhood situs inversus bronchiectasia and diffuse panbronchiolitis had been also diagnosed at the age of chest computed tomography demonstrated a cm mass in the anterior mediastinum as well as a cm mass in the upper lobe of the RA lung a transbronchial lung biopsy of the RA lung tumor revealed squamous cell carcinoma electron microscopic examination of the bronchial epithelial cilia revealed a total defect of both inner and outer dynein arms leading to a diagnosis of PCD biopsy of the mediastinal RT was not performed T3 concurrent chemoradiation therapy the lung CA decreased in size partial remission pr and the mediastinal RT disappeared pCR cr later a cavity formed in the tumor where a pseudomonas aeruginosa infection occurred he died year T3 the diagnosis of LC was established there have been reported cases of kartagener syndrome complicated with LC but to the best of our knowledge there have been no reports of kartagener syndrome with mediastinal tumor
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lead is a neurotoxicant that can cause myelin deficits galactolipids are expressed during differentiation of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and accumulate in myelin to examine the impact of lead on oligodendroglial differentiation galactolipid metabolism in cultured oligodendrocyte lineage cells exposed to the metal was studied oligodendrocyte progenitor cells obtained from P0 rat pups were exposed to microm lead acetate for h prior to maintenance of the cells in medium containing the metal salt for or days of differentiation lead caused approximately reduction in C2 of the galactolipid biosynthetic transferases udpgalactoseceramide galactosyltransferase and phosphoadenosinephosphosulfategalactocerebroside ST as compared to sodiumtreated controls in cultures of oligodendrocyte lineage cells following days of differentiation the activities of the galactolipid catabolic hydrolases galactocerebrosidebetagalactosidase and arylsulfatase a were reduced by following days of differentiation leadexposed cells exhibited C2 of all the enzymes except for arylsulfatase a similar to those of the control cells these results are consistent with the leadinduced delay of oligodendrocyte differentiation as evidenced by the emergence of stagespecific immunochemical markers and the observed change in the developmental activity profile of cyclic nucleotide phosphohydrolase the activity of arylsulfatase a in leadtreated day oligodendrocytes was significantly less than that found in control cultures this effect is consistent with the leadinduced reduction of arylsulfatase a in human fibroblasts caused by missorting the newlysynthesized enzyme the perturbation of galactolipid metabolism by lead during developmental maturation of oligodendrocytes may represent a contributing mechanism for leadinduced neurotoxicity
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macromolecular crowding can alter the structure and CF of biological macromolecules we used smallangle scattering to measure the effects of macromolecular crowding on the size of a protein complex sod superoxide dismutase crowding was induced using mw peg polyethylene glycolteg triethylene glycol αmg methylαglucoside and tmao trimethylamine noxide parallel smallangle neutron scattering and smallangle xray scattering allowed us to unambiguously attribute apparent changes in radius of gyration to changes in the structure of sod for a peg solution we find that the volume of sod was reduced by considering the OP due to peg this deformation corresponds to a highly compressible structure smallangle xray scattering done in the presence of teg suggests that for further deformationbeyond a decrease in volumethe resistance to deformation may increase dramatically
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HF diet containing fat was given to chinese healthy volunteers for days their mean age was years with sd blood glucose cholesterol triglyceride tg and venous occlusion test vot were determined before and T3 diet tissue plasminogen activator tpa and plasminogen activator inhibitor pai were determined before and T3 vot T3 highfat diet blood gl and cholesterol increased significantly p respectively but other parameters did not tpa increased significantly after vot either before or T3 highfat diet but such increment was significantly less T3 highfat diet p in conclusion the immediate effect of ST highfat diet included increased plasma C2 of glucose and cholesterol and impaired fibrinolytic response in stress condition
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threedimensional molecular models of the human melanocortin receptor hmcr have been developed based upon the electron cryomicroscopic structure of bacteriorhodopsin and the electron density footprint of bovine rhodopsin alphamelanocytestimulating hormone acsertyrsermetgluhispheargtrpglylysprovalnh alphamsh alphamelanotropin and the superpotent prolonged acting agonists acsertyrsernlegluhisdpheargtrpglylysprovalnh ndpmsh and acnlecasphisdpheargtrplysnh mtii have been modeled into the proposed binding CS with specific ligandreceptor interactions identified the melanotropin sidechain pharmacophores dphe and trp are proposed to interact with a hydrophobic network of receptor aromatic residues in transmembrane regions and in addition a hydrophilic network involving the ligand arg and polar receptor residues located in transmembrane regions and were identified biological studies on alphamsh ndpmsh mtii and related peptides have been correlated with the proposed hmcr MM in terms of agonism affinity and prolongation finally limited mcr mutagenesis studies comparing alphamsh and ndpmsh are interpreted within the context of the proposed hmcr models
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this case report describes a female patient with a cluster of four supraventricular tachycardias during the third trimester of pregnancy the patient was surgically QTc with a senning operation at the age of due to numerous monomorphic atrial tachycardias at the age of an ablation using the noncontact mapping system ensite was successfully performed she remained free of tachycardias for years until the third trimester of pregnancy where electrical cardioversions and eventually a caesarean section were performed subsequently the patient was free of tachycardias during a month followup and the child is healthy
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ten nondiabetic dogs were submitted to a procedure called splanchnic division which directed the nutrient rich VR from the intestines into the left lobes of the liver and the hormone rich pancreaticogastroduodenosplenic venous return into the RA lobes two months later the right lobes had undergone the expected gross and microscopic hypertrophy compared with the abnormal shrunken and glycogendepleted hepatocytes of the left lobes the large and otherwise normal hepatocytes of the right lobes had a higher rate of cell division as judged by microscopic examination measurements of dsDNA synthesis and the results of ARG both sides had greater cell replication than in the livers of normal unaltered dogs the dominance of the RA lobes following splanchnic division was almost CR eliminated by the prior creation of alloxaninduced diabetes in four dogs and by the performance of TP at the same time as splanchnic division in six dogs in these ten diabetic dogs which went and restrict access to expensive services and specialty providers proponents highlight the advantages of a managed care model including case management and coordination of services in CS of this debate only a few state medicaid programs have implemented a managed care option for children with special health care needs this T0 evaluates the effects of plan choice partially capitated managed care versus feeforservice on whether children with disabilities eligible for SSI ssi and enrolled in the district of columbias medicaid program are in compliance with the guidelines for health supervision visits established by the AAP aap our findings based on five years of claims data show that ssieligible children with disabilities enrolled in a partially capitated MC plan are significantly more likely to be in compliance with the aap guidelines for health supervision visits compared to their feeforservice counterparts moreover we find that selection due to unobservable characteristics does not significantly bias the estimated program effects
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current breast reconstruction trends favor the use of musclesparing abdominal flaps to minimize abdominal morbidity when compared to the TRAM tram flap the musclesparing deep VPI epigastric perforator diep flap and the SF inferior epigastric artery siea flap are common options ntal and genetic controls on pil operon transcription with those regulating viab genes required for vi antigen expression transcription of pil occurs only in the late logarithmic and stationary phases of bacterial growth while viab expression occurs in the logarithmic growth phase expression of both viab and pil was however optimal at mm nacl and mutations in envzompr rcsbrcsc but not rcsa tvia ihfb or fis affected transcription of both viab and pil dna as both vi antigen and type ivb pili facilitate serovar typhi invasion of human monocytes an overlap of production controls is logical it appears that vi antigen synthesis precedes pilus production
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the following article presents two new cases of a lipofibroma of the MN this formation is a very rare benign tumor of IP nerve tissue up to now cases have been reported in the literature and are reviewed in this article and are compared with the two cases reported besides the operative treatment which made the neuropathological diagnosis possible preoperative diagnosis has been D2 by mntscans of the involved parts of the nerve the noninfiltrating character of the tumor could be well recognized on these scans the signal quality and the anatomical proximity to the median nerve made the diagnosis of a lipofibroma likely by the postoperative histological reviews the diagnosis was confirmed in classic manner the immunological marking of the s protein showed a remarkable reduction of this protein in these PN PT the two cases reported by us recapitulate the clinical PH typically and describe symptoms and our treatment for the lipofibroma of the median nerve
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the histologic distinction between bronchioloalveolar carcinoma and other adenocarcinomas is tissue invasion the clinical importance of lung adenocarcinoma invasion is supported by several recent studies indicating that the risk of death in nonmucinous BAC is significantly lower than that of pure invasive tumors and in PT with greater than cm of fibrosis or linear invasion using microarray gene expression profiling of human PT dysregulation of transforming growth factorbeta signaling was identified as an important mediator of RT invasion subsequent studies showed that the cc chemokine regulated on activation normal t cell expressed and presumably secreted was upregulated in invasive PT and was required for invasion in cells with repressed C2 of the transforming growth factorbeta type ii receptor taken together these studies illustrate how information gained from global expression profiling of tumors can be used to identify key pathways and genes mediating tumor growth invasion and metastasis
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the aim of the present T0 was to dissociate the erp event related potentials correlates of subjective awareness from those of unconscious perception in a backward masking paradigm participants first produced a forcedchoice response to the location of a liminal target presented for an individually calibrated duration and then reported on their subjective awareness of the targets presence we recorded eventrelated potentials erps and compared the erp waves when observers reported being aware vs unaware of the target but localized it correctly thereby isolating the neural correlates of subjective awareness while controlling for differences in objective performance in addition we compared the erps when participants were subjectively unaware of the targets presence and localized it correctly versus incorrectly thereby isolating the neural correlates of unconscious perception all conditions involved stimuli that were physically identical and were presented for the same duration both behavioral measures were associated with modulation of the amplitude of the p component of the erp importantly this modulation was widely spread across all scalp locations for subjective awareness but was restricted to the parietal electrodes for unconscious perception these results indicate that liminal stimuli that do not affect performance undergo considerable processing and that subjective awareness is associated with a late wave of activation with widely distributed topography
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new reinforcement based paradigms for building adaptive decoders for brainmachine interfaces involve using FB directly from the brain in this work we investigated neuromodulation in the nucleus accumbens reward center during a multitarget reaching task and investigated how to extract a reinforcing or nonreinforcing signal that could be used to adapt a bmi decoder one of the challenges in braindriven adaptation is how to translate biological neuromodulation into a single binary signal from the distributed representation of the neural population which may encode many aspects of reward to extract these signals feature analysis and clustering were used to identify timing and coding properties of a users neuromodulation related to reward perception first principal component analysis pca of reward related neural signals was used to extract variance in the firing and the optimum time rho between the neural signal and the reward phase of the task next kmeans clustering was used to separate data into two classes
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to evaluate the megakaryocyte potential of NBM nbm cdcd cells a subset offering a possible alternative for clinical cd immunoselection we evaluated their colonyforming unit megakaryocyte cfumk content and their ability to produce clonogenic mk progenitors in comparison with the cd subset
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we report the case of a yearold male with an exposition of a femorofemoral crossover bypass in the inguinal region and SF FA occlusion this was successfully treated using an anteromedial thigh amt pedicled flap based on the perforator vessel of the descending CB of the lateral circumflex FA i.a. our report focuses on i considering the amt flap as a safe and easy option to cover the inguinal region in cases of bypass exposure ii describing the attachment of this flap to the deep FA in a patient with SF femoral occlusion in spite of some literature controversy
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due to european law all examinations taken by officially recognized national boards have to be accepted in every member state in the uems was founded on behalf of the european council several divisions in the section of surgery and the european board of surgery have to define the content and duration of their knowledge within the common trunk as well for the divisions specialty itself EU examinations today are offered in surgery and vascular surgery CME is not yet organised officially in all memberstates east EU countries start to harmonize their structure due to the demands of the uems the charter on continuing medical education was established by the uems in this concept was also accepted by the national authorities in germany and will be officially structured in our country very soon
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serum specimens were collected from wild boars in hiroshima prefecture located in the western region of japan from november to february the sera were tested for antibodies to JE virus jev by igm capture and igg ELISA assays elisa and plaque reduction neutralization test seventeen samples were positive for NT antibody to jev all the NT antibodypositive samples were positive for iggelisa one was also positive for igm the results indicate that approximately of the wild boars were positive for antijev antibody and raises the possibility that wild boars may play a role in the infectious cycle of jev in this region
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cytokine and chemokine receptors play a key role in inflammation caused by RA ICA ra two isoforms of human cc chemokine receptor r ccr the receptor of monocyte chemoattractant protein mcp have been identified but their relative expression in fibroblastlike synoviocytes fls and their contribution to inflammatory responses mediated by mcp or inflammatory cytokines in patients with ra remain uncertain we examined the DP of expression of two ccr isoforms upon stimulation by Th1 cytokines and cd ligation fls were prepared from the synovial tissues of ra patients and cultured in the presence of mcp soluble cd ligand scdl tgfbeta ilbeta il il and lps ccra and ccrb expression was examined by immunohistochemistry rtpcr and western blot analysis il tnfalpha and mcp production was determined by elisa immunohistochemistry showed that ccra is highly expressed in ra synovium compared with oa synovium transcripts of both ccra and ccrb were detected in fls exogenous mcp cdl tgfbeta and il significantly increased the expression of ccra but not ccrb exposure of fls to scdl caused strong upregulation of ccra but not of ccrb protein expression mcp increased the proliferation of fls and the production of il TNF and il because ccra is the main target of regulation by cytokines and cd ligation the relatively higher expression of ccra on the cell surface suggests that this isoform of mcp receptor functions as the principal mediator of inflammatory signals in ra fls
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in treating myasthenia gravis mg our aims were to achieve early minimal manifestations mm by performing early aggressive therapy eat using plasmapheresis and highdose intravenous methylprednisolone and then to maintain the status with lowdose oral corticosteroids eat strategy we examined the merits of the eat strategy
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approximately laboratories participated in the comprehensive blood bank survey of the college of american pathologists sixteen REF laboratories participated to validate the results and provide a referee consensus for grading of antibody studies participant consensus was used to evaluate abo rh and crossmatching results ungraded antigen typing results are included as well as discussions of the ungraded additional challenges and supplementary questions accuracy of participant results remains high on these surveys
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nonylphenols npns are persistent EDs and their release into the environment is causing increasing concern about their impact on human health herein an ultrasensitive electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the detection of npns in the leachates from instant noodle containers incs from countries across SEA gold nanoclusters auncs were selfassembled with reduced graphene oxide rgo polyethyleniminergo and used to modify a glassy carbon electrode gce which showed excellent electrical conductivity an antinpn antibody was then immobilized on the auncs and if it specifically bound npn the reduction in conductivity of the gce was remarkable the designed immunosensor has a low detection limit ng l
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increasingly diverse chemicals are used in consumer products while our understanding of their SE pathways and associated human health risks still lags behind this paper aims to identify the dominant patterns of exposure pathways and associated health risks of chemicals used in consumer products reported in the peerreviewed literature we analyzed articles covering unique chemicals and distilled the information on the functional uses product applications SE routes SE pathways toxicity endpoints and their combinations we found that the volume of the literature addressing human health risks of chemicals in consumer products is increasing among others phthalates BPA and polybrominated diphenyl ethers were the most frequently discussed chemical groups in the literature reviewed emerged from our review were a number of frequently reported PET useproduct application combinations including plasticizers polymersmonomers and flame retardants used in food contact products personal care products cosmetics furniture flooring and electronics we also observed a strong tendency that the number of publications on a chemical surges following L1 regulatory changes or exposure incidents associated with the chemical we highlight the need to develop the capacity and the mechanism through which human health risks of chemicals in consumer products can be identified prior to their releases
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ficolin is a kind of human serum complement lectin with a structure similar to mannanbinding lectin mbl and it has been implicated in innate immunity recent studies have shown that complement pathway activation may contribute to hepatitis however the relationship between ficolin and viral hepatitis remains largely elusive the aim of this T0 was to determine the dynamics of ficolin in patients with CH c forty nine patients who had not yet received therapy patients with abnormal alanine aminotransferase alt levels ul and patients with normal alt levels ⤠ul patients with SH c who received therapy for weeks and patients received therapy for a full month or longer were included in the study a sandwich enzymelinked immunosorbent assay elisa was used to measure the ficolin concentrations in all SS samples of patients and healthy donors we found the concentrations of ficolin were significantly higher in chronic hepatitis c patients with abnormal alt values than in chronic HC patients with normal alt values and healthy controls ficolin concentrations in CHC patients with abnormal alt values were positively correlated with alt levels p T3 therapy the concentrations of ficolin decreased and accompany with alt and HC virus hcv rna C2 then we found ficolin concentrations in rapid viral response rvr group decreased significantly p while in nonrvr group ficolin decreased slightly p our findings suggest that early increased ficolin is highly correlated with hepatic inflammation and rapid viral response
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some reports on the simultaneous presence of chronic ITP itp and pernicious anaemia pa may be found in the literature however little is known about the coexistence of these autoimmune disorders for this reason we studied the prevalence of pa in a series of patients with a diagnosis of chronic itp by means of the analysis of the concentration of the most sensitive marker of type a atrophic autoimmune gastritis serum pepsinogen i SS PGI was low in of the patients studied gastrin was elevated in of patients but the coexistence of both CA was rather low of patients however the progressive decrease in SS cobalamin as PSA CA related with atrophic gastritis appeared was noticeable the TTP to frank pa from type a atrophic gastritis may span some years
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it is still unclear if an isoenergetic sucroserich diet leads to health consequences
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liver cell dysplasia lcd is considered a preneoplastic lesion whose characterization and differentiation from HCC carcinoma hcc and from the reactive changes seen in cirrhosis has been controversial we studied cases of lcd C1 cell type with image analysis techniques ia and compared the findings with those of hcc n and a spectrum of nonneoplastic hepatic lesions including NL and cirrhosis n a minimum of feulgenstained nuclei were measured from each lesion with the cas IAS the data were collected with the aid of cellsheet software thirtyfour variables were measured including geometric textural and photometric nuclear features and dna ploidy the data were analyzed with multivariate statistics and a BPN nn stepwise statistical analysis selected variables that were statistically significant in the three groups with p values various nn architectures were developed using these variables the best nn architecture included a sigmoidal TF input hidden and SO neurons it trained to completion T3 runs using of the lesions this nn yielded a crossvalidation rate for unknown cases these data support the concept of lcd large cell type as a lesion that can be objectively distinguished from hcc and nonneoplastic liver our study also demonstrates the potential usefulness of ia for the evaluation of difficult histopathological problems
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in order to study the hormonal control mechanisms of C2 ripening we investigated the prostaglandin e pgeinduced changes in the distribution of glycosaminoglycans gag using hysterectomized and OVX leaving the vascularized uterine cervix in situ as an rat in the first series of experiments the gag were measured in a control n WR and in a pgetreated group n wistar rats without steroid supplementation in the second series of experiments the gag were measured in a control n and in a pgetreated group n receiving estradiol and progesterone supplements after pge treatment in the two series of experiments and despite being surgically isolated from the uterine corpus the cervix was still able to undergo some of the structural changes associated with normal ripening increased hydration and hyaluronic acid concentration this suggests that pge acting directly on the cervix could be at least in part a modulator of PSA events which underlie normhed with the controls ie those not over yr chronological age smc basal C2 in pubertal diabetic patients were no different from those of pubertal agematched control children whereas in prepubertal diabetic patients smc was significantly lower than in the respective control children p less than no rho was found between the z score for smc ie the number of standard deviations each smc level is from the age and sexnormalized mean and duration of disease velocity standard deviation score severity of fluoroangiographic retinal changes basal cpeptide values and hba levels no differences were encountered in mean smc and smc zscore values in the separate CG of poorly fairly and wellcontrolled diabetic children in the CG with and without residual pancreatic activity and in the group with and without retinal changes in of the pubertal diabetics and in pubertal controls serum glucose growth hormone gh and smc concentrations were determined during the night the integrated nocturnal secretion of smc was no different in diabetics than in controls whereas the integrated nocturnal secretion of gh was significantly p less than higher in diabetics than in controlsabstract truncated at words
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the growth pattern of patients males females with isolated gonadotrophin deficiency ignd who had reached their FH with epiphyseal closure was evaluated for the purpose of analysis the males were divided into two groups according to age at referral group less than years n and group greater than or equal to years n sex hormone treatment was initiated at a mean sd chronological age of and years in groups and in the males and at years in the females the duration of treatment until epiphyseal closure in the males was years in group and years in group and years in the females there was no significant difference between the mean FH in groups and but it was significantly higher than the mean parental height mean height sd score htsds v and they were significantly correlated for females the mean htsds compared with parental height was v it is concluded that the timing of induction of puberty by sex hormones in males and females with ignd has no significant effect on final height provided that moderate doses are used furthermore final height was significantly correlated to midparental height
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SSA dehydrogenase ssadh from cyanobacterium synechococcus differs from other ssadhs in the γaminobutyrate shunt synechococcus ssadh syssadh is a tca cycle enzyme and completes a oxoglutarate dehydrogenasedeficient cyanobacterial tca cycle through a detour metabolic pathway syssadh produces succinate in an nadpdependent manner with a single cysteine acting as the catalytic residue in the catalytic loop crystal structures of syssadh were determined in their apo form as a binary complex with nadp and as a ternary complex with succinic semialdehyde and nadph providing details about the catalytic mechanism by revealing a covalent adduct of a cofactor with the catalytic cysteine in the binary complex and a proposed thiohemiacetal intermediate in the ternary complex further analyses showed that syssadh is an oxidationsensitive enzyme and that the formation of the nadpcysteine adduct is a kinetically preferred event that protects the catalytic cysteine from hodependent oxidative AS these structural and functional features of syssadh provide a molecular basis for cofactordependent oxidation protection in cys ssadh which is unique relative to other cys ssadhs employing a redoxdependent formation of a disulfide bridge
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nucleic acid testing nat for hiv and hcv has been introduced in france and became mandatory for all rat blood donations since july st in addition to serology screening previously a feasibility T0 led to the selection of technologies a tma based CA chiron uses the procleix hivhcv assay on pools of samples and a pcr based CA from biomérieuxroche which is a combination of an rna SE system nuclisens biomérieux with a fully automated system for NAA and detection cobas amplicor roche this system uses the cobas ampliscreen hcv test v and the the cobas ampliscreen hiv test v on sample pools pooling was required because singledonation testing is not yet feasible as a result of the limitations in automation available for all current nat technologies the two technologies were easily implemented and showed nearly the same PCD limit for hcv rna and hiv rna during a oneyear period from july st to june out of the million donations tested the nat yield resulted in one hiv rna positiveantibody negative donation and one hcv rna positiveantibody negative donation two hiv nat positiveantibody negative donations were missed by minipool nat because a very low viral load moreover the nat implementation did not impact on blood component availability including platelet concentrates
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in vivo visualization of cell migration and engraftment in small animals provide crucial information in biomedical studies semiconducting CP dots pdots are emerging as superior probes for biological imaging however in vivo wholebody fluorescence imaging is largely constrained by the limited brightness of pdots in nearinfrared nir region here we describe the brightness enhancement of nir FL pdots for in vivo wholebody cell tracking in deep organs we first synthesize semiconducting polymers with strong absorption in orange and farred regions by molecular doping the weak broadband fluorescence of the pdots was significantly narrowed and enhanced by order of magnitude enhancement yielding bright narrowband nir emission with a quantum yield of ⼠under an excitation of farred light nm a trace amount of pdots ⼠μg in the stomach can be clearly detected in wholebody fluorescence imaging of live mice the pdots coated with a cellpenetrating peptide are able to brightly label cancer cells with minimal cytotoxicity in vivo cell tracking in live mice indicated that the entrapment and migration of the tailveinadministered cells ⼠were clearly visualized in real time these pdots with deepred excitation and bright nir emission are promising for in vivo wholebody fluorescence imaging
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this study describes a unique filmrecorded computed tomography ct system and its use in studying contrast flow between anatomic compartments of the rat kidney the ct apparatus composed of a microfocal spot tube rotating animal carrier filmcassette translator and control electronics was used to expose sinograms of magnification through the kidneys of normal rats prior to and and minutes after intravenous contrast injection microdensitometry and computer reconstruction resulted in ct images representing mm thick coronal sections with lateral resolution of micron with this novel technique of ultrahighresolution ct temporal alterations in absorption coefficient of cortical and medullary nephrographic components were depicted for contrast flow T0 in our small rat
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temporal information in a signal can be partitioned into temporal env e and fine structure fs fine structure is important for lexical tone perception for normalhearing nh listeners and listeners with sensorineural hearing loss snhl have an impaired ability to use fs in lexical tone perception due to the reduced frequency resolution the present T0 was aimed to assess which of the acoustic aspects e or fs played a more important role in lexical tone perception in subjects with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder ansd and to determine whether it was the deficit in temporal resolution or frequency resolution that might lead to more detrimental effects on fs processing in pitch perception fiftyeight native mandarin chinesespeaking subjects with ansd with snhl and with nh were assessed for their ability to recognize lexical tones using acoustic e or fs cues with the AEP chimera technique temporal resolution as measured with temporal gap PCD tgd threshold and frequency resolution as measured with the qdb values of the PTCs overall and of lexical tone responses were consistent with fs cues for tone perception for listeners with ansd snhl and nh respectively the mean tgd threshold was significantly higher for listeners with ansd ms than for snhl ms p and nh ms p listeners with no significant difference between snhl and nh listeners in contrast the mean qdb for listeners with snhl ± was significantly lower than that for ansd ± p and nh ± p listeners with no significant difference between ansd and nh listeners these results suggest that reduced temporal resolution as opposed to reduced frequency selectivity in ansd subjects leads to greater Kd of fs processing for pitch perception
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the mechanistic basis for al toxicity effects on root growth is still a matter of speculation but it almost certainly involves decreased cell division at the root apex in this series of experiments we attempt to determine whether al enters meristematic cells and binds to nuclei when roots are exposed to a low al activity in solution the methodology involved the use of the alsensitive stain lumogallion dihydroxyphenylazohydroxychlorobenzene sulfonic acid the dna stain diaminophenylindole and confocal LSM soybean SBA l merr cv young alsensitive and pi altolerant genotypes were exposed to microm al for periods ranging from min to h and then washed with mm citrate to remove apoplastic al fluorescence images show that within min al entered cells of the sensitive TT and accumulated at nuclei in the meristematic region of the root tip substantial al also was present at the cell periphery the images indicated that the altolerant TT accumulated lower amounts of al in meristematic and differentiating cells of the root tip and their PCW collectively the results support an important role for exclusion ithe untreated piglets the sera obtained from these piglets were examined by the microscopic agglutination test and antibodies to b hyodysenteriae in both groups of experimentally infected piglets were detected and the reaction was serogroupspecific the agglutination titers were very high in the UT piglets with dysentery while the titers in the sptreated piglets were lower than those in the UT piglets in addition the immunoblotting technique was applied and the results demonstrated that and kda proteins in strain atcc serogroup b reacted strongly with the sera from the untreated piglets but not with the sera from the sptreated piglets the and kda proteins also reacted with CS atcc serogroup a which belongs to a different serogroup the and kda proteins were also confirmed in six other strains of b hyodysenteriae which belong to six different serogroups these proteins were sensitive to proteinase k these results indicate that the and kda proteins are common to eight strains of b hyodysenteriae which differ serologically from each other
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the primary purpose of this study was to develop instruments that reliably measure belief and behavioral intentions toward the elderly with control for social desirability set within the belief measure related purposes involved evaluation of the impact of a gerontologic nursing course on beliefs and behavioral intentions of nursing students toward the elderly data were collected over a threemonth period from volunteers in a baccalaureate nursing program one group was tested both before and immediately T3 a gerontologic nursing course three other groups were tested immediately one and two years T3 the course a pairedcomparison type belief scale and a multipleact behavioral intention scale were developed and used in the study the kogan old people and marlowecrowne social desirability scales served as outside criteria both new instruments were found to be highly reliable an association between beliefs and behavioral intentions above the level was found between scores on the behavioral intention and kogan scales but not between behavioral intention and belief scores
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it is desirable to shorten expose time in hautoradiography we developed a new solid scintillator a mixture of dpo popop and epon for WBA the new scintillator is originally in a sol form but quickly transforms to a solid homogeneous film following SE to RA the new scintillator enabled WBA to be developed faster when compared with a liquid scintillator or commercially available reagents we also demonstrated that the new scintillator gave consistently high counting performance and thus shortened duration of exposure when used in WBA whereas commercially available enhancers were found to be unsuitable for ARG resulting in dappled images furthermore the quantitative analyses of the autoradiograms by a densitometer demonstrated the highest density and ratio with this new solid scintillator among those with a liquid scintillator and commercially available reagents in conclusion a new solid scintillator a mixture of dpo popop and epon is a useful and cost effective enhancer for the wholebody autoradiography of tritum compounds
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under conditions of strong secretion of neurohypophysial hormone such as during parturition lactation and dehydration the Thy oxytocinsystem displays a remarkable morphological STDP such that astrocytic coverage of its neurones diminishes their surfaces become directly juxtaposed and contacted by an increased number of synapses a growing body of evidence indicates that these anatomical changes have an impact on glutamatergic neurotransmission in the supraoptic nucleus and may be therefore of physiological consequence we here evaluated the consequences of the inhibition of such STDP on the overall activity of the oxytocin system during lactation CR was prevented by performing hypothalamic microinjections in gestating rats of endoneuraminidase an enzyme that removes PSA from the neural cell adhesion molecule our earlier studies established that the presence of PSA is a prerequisite for CR of the oxytocin system in the supraoptic and PVH nuclei in dams in which PSA was absent in all magnocellular nuclei after bilateral endoneuraminidase i.v. parturition was normal and neither the frequency nor the amplitude of sucklinginduced reflex milk ejections was different from vehicletreated dams the WG of pups was also normal as was water intake by the dams we then assessed the EA of antidromically identified magnocellular neurones in the polysialic acidfree supraoptic nucleus of isofluraneanesthetized lactating rats basal and bursting activity characteristic of oxytocin neurones before each reflex milk ejection was not significantly different from that recorded in the SO of rats with normal levels of PSA our results indicate that neuroglial remodeling despite its role on fine modulation of oxytocin neuronal activity is not essential to parturition and lactation
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the effects of vascular permeability factor vpf on the bloodbrain barrier bbb permeability were studied in cultured capillary endothelial cells from bovine brain when vpf was added to the abluminal or brain side of the bbb a rapid increase in the bbb permeability was observed this increase in the bbb permeability is dependent on the concentration of the vpf used and is reversible on removal of the vpf contrarily when vpf was added to the luminal or blood side of the bbb no increase in the bbb permeability was observed these results suggest that the receptors for vpf are located on the abluminal side of the bbb
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llamas were TR to exercise on a TM at graded speeds o uptake values at rest at modest exercise me ms and at heavy exercise he ms were and ml o x kg x s corresponding values for cardiac SO were and ml x kg x s palmitate glucose and lactate replacement rates ra values were determined at these varying work rates using a singlebolus i.t. of c or hlabeled metabolites two at a time ra values for palmitate glucose and lactate at rest were and mumol x kg x min respectively during me the ra values for gl and palmitate increased about twofold but showed no further increase when exercise intensity was increased about twofold in contrast to these results ra values for lactate increased much more with increasing work rate a combination of increased perfusion increased cardiac SO and increased lactate availability increased plasma concentration could account for the lactate ra data during prolonged me the ra for lactate decreased because lactate availability decreased concurrently both the plasma free fatty acid availability and the ra values for palmitate greatly increased because o carrying capacity is low in the llama as in all highaltitudeadapted mammals a given level of exercise required exaggerated increases in cardiac output and hence in perfusion rates of working muscles as a result the flux rates of palmitate gl and lactate through the plasma compartment could readily account for o flux rates even at relatively high sustainable rates of exercise
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previous research has suggested that obesity is associated with increased high ontreatment PLT reactivity we therefore tested PLT CR in patients with verifynow py vasodilatorstimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation and light transmission aggregometry with adenosine diphosphate and μm to hours T3 percutaneous coronary MI high ontreatment PLT reactivity was defined as a maximum PLT aggregation ⥠for CS transmission aggregometry with adenosine diphosphate μm or ⥠for μm PLT reactivity index ⥠for vasodilatorstimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation and py reaction units ⥠for verifynow the relation between body mass index bmi and PLT CR values was examined with spearman coefficients bmi and high ontreatment platelet reactivity were assessed with students t test multivariable logistic regression for high ontreatment platelet reactivity was also performed average bmi was ± kgm² and of patients had a bmi ⥠kgm² overall there was very poor correlation between bmi and ontreatment platelet CR with spearman coefficients ranging from to bmi was also not associated with the various definitions of high ontreatment platelet CR multivariable logistic regressions showed no association between bmi and high ontreatment PLT CR in conclusion and contrary to previous reports we found no association whatsoever between bmi and ontreatment platelet CR as quantified by a variety of PLT function tests
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this study aimed to elucidate the relationship of prenatal andor postnatal AF including acquired AF with the calcaneus stiffness index as measured by quantitative ultrasound qussi in adolescents we recruited adolescents with a mean age of ± years boys and girls the subjects calcaneus qussi was measured using an ultrasound bone densitometer we also measured the subjects height weight and GS data on prenatal and PN AF were obtained from maternal and child health handbooks a selfreporting questionnaire was used to obtain information on subjects AA sexual characteristics and lifestyle factors we found that maternal WG during pregnancy was independently associated with calcaneus qussi in girls and that grip strength was also significantly associated with calcaneus qussi in both sexes the present findings suggest that excessive restriction of maternal WG would have a negative effect on the calcaneus qussi of girls and that exercise and strengthbuilding MICs are likely to result in a higher calcaneus qussi in both sexes of adolescents
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a method for simultaneous analysis of cell surface antigens cell morphology and endogenous cytochemical staining on the same hematopoietic cell has been developed individual cells in heterogeneous populations can be tested for cell surface antigens using monoclonal antibodies conjugated to fluoresceincontaining microspheres and subsequently stained for myeloperoxidase sudan black b CAE or alpha naphthyl butyrate this technic when applied to mixed cell populations such as normal IP blood and leukemic bone marrow samples provides simultaneous analysis of CSA and specific cytoplasmic cytochemistries within individual cells application of this technic may increase the body of knowledge about hematopoiesis by allowing individual cells to be analyzed simultaneously for multiple lineageassociated characteristics
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tubal ligation provides an effective and reliable method by which women can choose to limit the number of children they will bear however because of the irreversibility of the procedure and other potential disadvantages it is important to understand AF associated with womens choice of this method of birth control between may and august data were collected from women aged to years from a crosssection of neighborhoods of varying SES makeup in puebla mexico finding a tubal ligation rate of MLR models were utilized to examine demographic socioeconomic and reproductive history characteristics in relation to womens choice of TL regression analyses were repeated with participants grouped by age to determine how the timing of availability of tubal ligation related to the decision to undergo the procedure the results of this T0 suggest that younger age more educatield of view using a semitransparent mirror and asking participants if the dot is to the left or to the right of their invisible hand experiment or to adjust the position of the dot to that of their invisible hand experiment we varied both the measurement frequency every s s s and the mode of stroking synchronous asynchronous just vision surprisingly with frequent measurements proprioceptive drift occurs not only in the synchronous stroking condition but also in the two control conditions asynchronous stroking just vision proprioceptive drift in the synchronous stroking condition is never higher than in the just vision condition only continuous SE to asynchronous stroking prevents proprioceptive drift and thus replicates the differences in drift reported in the literature by contrast complementary subjective ratings questionnaire show that the feeling of ownership requires synchronous stroking and is not present in the asynchronous stroking condition thus subjective ratings and drift are dissociated we conclude that different mechanisms of multisensory integration are responsible for proprioceptive drift and the feeling of ownership proprioceptive drift relies on visuoproprioceptive integration alone a process that is inhibited by asynchronous stroking the most common control condition in rubber hand illusion experiments this dissociation implies that conclusions about feelings of ownership cannot be drawn from measuring proprioceptive drift CT
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the inner ear transduces the mechanical stimuli that are associated with sound and balance perception missteps during its formation often result in deafness and thus understanding otic development has a profound clinical relevance the intricate complexity of the inner ear is derived from a simple epithelial sheet during embryogenesis study of this process in vitro has provided insight into the mechanisms of otic induction patterning and differentiation this article details methods for the culture of otic placode otocyst and basilar papilla providing a toolkit for the investigation of multiple facets of otic organogenesis for regeneration studies and for setting up small molecule screens to identify possible therapeutic targets
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we posed six clinical questions cq on preoperative biliary drainage and organized all pertinent evidence regarding these questions cq is preoperative biliary drainage necessary for patients with jaundice the indications for preoperative drainage for jaundiced patients are changing greatly many reports state that excluding conditions such as cholangitis and liver dysfunction biliary drainage is not necessary before pancreatoduodenectomy or less invasive surgery however the morbidity and mortality of extended hepatectomy for biliary CA is still high and the most common cause of death is hepatic failure therefore preoperative PBD is desirable in patients who are to undergo extended hepatectomy cq what procedures are appropriate for preoperative biliary drainage there are three methods of PBD percutaneous transhepatic PBD ptbd endoscopic nasobiliary drainage enbd or endoscopic VA biliary drainage erbd and surgical drainage erbd is an internal drainage method and ptbd and enbd are external methods however there are no reports of comparisons of preoperative biliary drainage methods using randomized controlled trials rcts thus at this point a method should be used that can be safely performed with the equipment and techniques available at each facility cq which is better unilateral or BL biliary drainage in malignant hilar one unilateral biliary drainage of the future remnant hepatic lobe is usually enough even when intrahepatic bile ducts are separated into multiple units due to hilar malignancy bilateral biliary drainage should be considered in the following cases those in which the operative procedure is difficult to determine before biliary drainage those in which cholangitis has developed T3 unilateral drainage and those in which the decrease in serum bilirubin after unilateral drainage is very slow cq what is the best treatment for postdrainage fever the most likely cause of high fever in patients with biliary drainage is cholangitis due to problems with the existing drainage catheter or segmental cholangitis if an undrained segment is left in the latter case urgent drainage is required cq is bile SC necessary in patients with biliary drainage who are to undergo surgery monitoring of bile cultures is necessary for patients with biliary drainage to determine the appropriate use of antibiotics during the perioperative period cq is bile replacement useful for patients with external PBD maintenance of the enterohepatic bile circulation is vitally important thus preoperative bile replacement in patients with external biliary drainage is very likely to be effective when highly invasive surgery eg D2 hepatectomy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma is planned
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we isolated from the venom of the scorpion leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus an extremely active antiinsect selective depressant toxin lqhdprit cloning of lqhdprit revealed a gene family encoding eight putative polypeptide variants ah differing at three positions ag de and nd all eight toxin variants were expressed in a functional form and their toxicity to blowfly larvae binding affinity for cockroach neuronal CM and cd spectra were compared this analysis links asn which appears in variants ad to a toxin conformation associated with high binding affinity for insect sodium channels variants eh bearing asp exhibit a different conformation and are less potent the importance of asn which is conserved in other depressant toxins was further validated by construction and analysis of an nd mutant of the wellcharacterized depressant toxin lqhit current and voltage clamp assays using the cockroach giant axon have shown that despite the vast difference in potency the two types of lqhdprit SCV represented by lqhdprita and lqhdprite are capable of blocking the action potentials manifested as flaccid paralysis in blowfly larvae and shift the Vc dependence of activation to more negative values which typify the action of betatoxins moreover the stronger and faster shift in Vc dependence of activation and lack of tail currents observed in the presence of lqhdprita suggest an extremely efficient trapping of the voltage sensor compared to that of lqhdprite the current clamp assays revealed that repetitive firing of the axon which is reflected in contraction paralysis of blowfly larvae can be obtained with either the less potent lqhdprite or the highly potent lqhdprita at more negative MPs thus the contraction symptoms in flies are likely to be dominated by the resting potential of neuronal CM this T0 clarifies the EP basis of the complex symptoms induced by scorpion depressant toxins in insects and highlights for the first time molecular features involved in their activity
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the T0 examined standard time domain variables of a signalaveraged electrocardiogram saecg in survivors of AIM the correlation of these variables with age and the influence of age on the prediction of postinfarction arrhythmic complication SD n or sustained IVT or both n from the saecg were investigated statistically highly significant correlations p less than or equal to between age and saecg variables were found compared with patients aged less than years the saecgbased stratification of arrhythmic complications T3 myocardial infarction in patients greater than years had lower sensitivity for the same values of specificity and lower specificity for the same values of sensitivityabstract truncated at words
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nuclei assembled in vitro in xenopus egg extract contain coiled HB that have components from three different rna processing pathways premrna splicing prerrna processing and histone premrna end formation in addition they contain sph the xenopus homologue of pcoilin a protein characteristic of coiled HB to determine whether coilin is an essential structural component of the coiled body we removed it from the egg extract by IP we showed that nuclei with bodies morphologically identical to CBs at the LM level formed in such coilindepleted extract as expected these bodies did not stain with antibodies against coilin moreover they failed to stain with an antibody against the sm proteins although sm proteins associated with snrnas were still present in the extract IF of the coilin and smdepleted coiled bodies was normal with antibodies against two nucleolar proteins fibrillarin and nucleolin similar results were observed when sm proteins were depleted from egg extract staining of the CBs with antibodies against the sm proteins and coilin was markedly reduced but bright nucleolin and fibrillarin IF remained these immunodepletion experiments demonstrate an interdependence between coilin and sm snrnps and suggest that neither is essential for assembly of nucleolar components in coiled HB we propose that coiled bodies are structurally heterogeneous organelles in nd myeloperoxidase mpo activity compared with the saline group the sepsis group showed significant SVR hypotension pulmonary hypertension arterial hypoxemia neutropenia and increase in tnfalpha mpo activity wd tbarm and tai lsf treatment att sepsisinduced pulmonary hypertension neutropenia and hypoxemia and increased mpo activity and lung injury measurements in the pre and post h CG but its efficacy was blunted in the post h group plasma tnfalpha was decreased only in the pre group thus inhibition of intracellular pa generation through de novo pathways attenuates sepsisinduced ALI
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a yearold caucasian female patient presented for three annular erythematous lesions on the left leg and buttock persisting for two months clinically interpreted as erythema annulare centrifugum routine laboratory findings were within the normal ranges borrelia serology and wet mount microscopy for mycosis were negative histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of SF erythema annulare centrifugum since no association of EAC with concomitant bacterial or viral infections or AS systemic disease was found in our patient we considered the possible activation of her previous breast CA operated on in october
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microinjection of opioids into the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray vlpag produces antinociception in part by IB to muopioid receptors moprs although both high and low tau agonists produce antinociception low tau agonists such as morphine produce limited mopr internalization suggesting that mopr internalization and signaling leading to antinociception are independent this hypothesis was tested in awake behaving rats using derma a fluorescently labeled DM analog and internalization blockers microinjection of derma into the vlpag produced both antinociception and internalization of derma administration of the irreversible opioid receptor antagonist betachlornaltrexamine betacna prior to derma microinjection reduced both the antinociceptive effect and the number of derma labeled cells demonstrating that both effects are opioid receptormediated i.c.v. with the internalization blockers dynamin dominantnegative AIP dynamindn and concanavalina cona attenuated both derma internalization and antinociception microinjection of dynamindn and cona also decreased the antinociceptive potency of the unlabeled opioid agonist dermorphin when microinjected into the vlpag as demonstrated by rightward shifts in the DR curves in contrast administration of dynamindn had no effect on the antinociceptive effect of microinjecting the gabaa receptor antagonist BIC into the vlpag the finding that dermorphininduced antinociception is att by blocking receptor internalization indicates that key parts of opioid receptormediated signaling depend on internalization
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we assessed the EP properties of prenalterol a new betaselective agonist in patients with normal and patients with delayed atrioventricular av conduction times we evaluated sinus node function av conduction times refractory periods atrial or VVI arrhythmias spontaneous or induced by the single extrastimulus technique during basal conditions minutes after a first dose of microgramskg of prenalterol and and T2 after a second i.t. of the same dose prenalterol increased heart rate about with statistically significant shortening of RA atrial refractory periods av nodal functional and effective refractory periods and ah interval in both CG T3 the first dose in the patients with SSS prenalterol increased heart rate significantly and decreased maximum sinus node recovery time which reached a statistically significant value p less than and T2 T3 the second dose at the highest dose prenalterol seemed to increase the number of VVI andor atrial arrhythmias only in those patients with the arrhythmias before treatment prenalterol increases HR rate and decreases av node conduction times the shortening of maximum SN REC time in patients with the sick sinus syndrome especially if confirmed T3 p.o. could indicate a TPS use of this drug in patients with SB or atrial fibrillation with a slow ventricular response
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edifenphos edf is an organophosphorus pesticide and used in agriculture for pest control however edf has been shown to accumulate in agricultural products and causes hazards to human health although reports are available regarding environmental impact of edf toxic effects of edf on human cellular system especially immune cells have not been elucidated in this T0 genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of edf on human peripheral BL and its amelioration by apigenin dietary flavonoid was investigated we demonstrated that edf inhibited cell viability and induced oxidative stress and dna damage in lymphocytes in addition results indicate that edf induced apoptosis in lymphocytes concurrent with ros generation loss of mitochondrial membrane potential upregulation of bax and caspase activation mechanistically incubation of lymphocytes with NAC ros scavenger abrogated the ros generation and apoptosis caused by edf these findings suggest that ros generation by edf acts as an upstream signal leading to dna damage and apoptosis in lymphocytes this T0 also showed that apigenin could potentially attenuate edfinduced oxidative stress dna damage and apoptosis in lymphocytes collectively these results suggest that edf exerts cytotoxicity and dna damage in lymphocytes and apigenin could be a potent dietary antioxidant regimen against edfinduced toxicity on human health
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health care workers hcws are occupationally exposed to various hazards some associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in previous reviews this systematic review aims at synthesizing the recent literature on occupational exposures among hcws related to fetal death congenital anomalies and fertility disorders
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previous studies about the influence of body dimensions on running economy have not compared athletes specialized in different competition events therefore the purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of body mass mb and height h on the energy cost of running cr in HT male runners specialized in either marathon m n long middledistance m lmd n or short middledistance m smd n and to assess possible differences in body dimensions for each event subjects performed a progressive maximal exercise on the TM to determine oxygen uptake vo at different submaximal velocities and maximal oxygen uptake vomax cr was calculated from vo measurements lmd runners had significantly higher mean cr and ml o x kg x m for lmd m and smd respectively and vomax and ml x kg x min cr correlated with h r p and mb r p only in the smd group in conclusion these data suggest that highly trained distance runners tend to show counterbalancing profiles of RE and vomax the higher cr the higher vo max and vice versa and that anthropometric characteristics related with good performance are different in longdistance and middledistance events
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glucocorticoidremediable aldosteronism gra is a rare inherited cause for hypertension associated with a significant morbidity and mortality at an early age individuals with this abnormality frequently present with severe hypertension which is resistant to standard antihypertensive therapy a strong family history of hypertension intracranial haemorrhage and sporadic hypokalaemia however many affected individuals may appear phenotypically indistinguishable from normal essential hypertensives but remain at high risk of morbidity and mortality
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the association between low apgar scores or less at and minutes and cognitive performance in late adolescence was assessed a year followup of subjects was performed the IQ test scores at years of age were matched with and T2 apgar scores a multiple linear regression analysis was used to control for the possible confounding effect of perinatal AF birth weight gestational age serum bilirubin levels birth order and demographic characteristics ethnic origin paternal education social class the sensitivity and positive predictive value of a low minute apgar score were and and of a low minute apgar score and respectively low apgar scores are poorly correlated with longterm intellectual outcome
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endotoxininduced liver failure is characterized by CN and apoptosis of hepatocytes the aim of this T0 was to establish the relation of the timecourse of hepatic PC cell apoptosis and CN in a murine endotoxin shock MM and to characterize the role of the gene products of bcl and bax in endotoxinmediated hepatocellular apoptosis
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the effects of acute physiological stressors s tail pinch handling and forced swimming at and degrees c for min each on serotonin ht release in the mouse BB were investigated using in vivo microdialysis the extracellular ht C2 were determined by a newly developed highlysensitive and selective highperformance HPLC based on derivatization with BZ and fluorescence detection the basal C2 of ht in min microdialysates from the VP hippocampus and FC cortex were and fmol microl n respectively all three stressors caused an immediate significant and reversible increase handling swimming of extracellular ht C2 in both BB structures suggesting a more dynamic role played by the serotonergic system in response to acute AS
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the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of mixtures of the emulsifiers span and and tween on multiple w/o/w stability an oscillatory ringsurface rheometer was used to measure interfacial elasticity at the oilaqueous interface multiple emulsions were prepared via a twostep emulsification process and stability was evaluated by investigation of drug transport from freshly prepared and eightdayold emulsions by use of a dialysis method photomicrography and dropletsize analysis of multiple emulsions were also conducted spans and were appreciably elastic mnm and mnm respectively at wv when present at the mineral oilaqueous interface whereas span and tween were not mnm wv and wv respectively the interfacial elasticities of spans and decreased in the presence of tween in the AQ phase this was attributed to coadsorption of tween at the interface or aqueousphase solubilization of the spans within mixed micelles or both drugtransport studies indicated that drug PR on storage was lower from w/o/w wow emulsions prepared with wv span or and wv tween than from emulsions prepared with wv spans or and wv tween photomicrography and dropletsize analysis indicated the same trendemulsions containing a higher percentage of tween were less stable the relatively SD wow emulsions eg wv spans or and wv tween contained a C1 number of multiple droplets for up to eight weeks of storage whereas the relatively unstable wow emulsions eg wv span and wv tween and wv spans and wv tween contained mostly simple droplets T3 only one week of storage the mean volumeweight droplet size decreased on storage with breakdown of these wow emulsions to simple oilinwater emulsions there was tilization directly related to a decrease in glucose transport at both the mrna and protein levels
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the inhibitory effects of intravenous secretion on the gastric acid responses to a meal and to PG were studied in seven DU ulcer patientsa test meal of peptone adjusted to ph was introduced into the stomach and the fordtran and walsh method was used to measure the gastric acid output by monitoring the rate at which a solution of m sodium bicarbonate had to be added to keep the ph of the gastric content constant at the value of a constant dose of sec ukghr significantly depressed the SS gastrin response to a meal and produced an inhibition of acid secretion by about of the control level secretin inhibited the acid response induced by PG by about and simultaneously provoked a pancreatic bicarbonate SO sufficient to neutralize about of the gastric acid SO to pentagastrin we conclude that sec is a strong inhibitor of gastric secretion in duodenal ulcer patients induced by a meal and by pentagastrin
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the effects of idazoxan idz and its stereoisomers were compared to that of a CP alpha antagonist yohimbine yoh on paraaminoclonidine pac and norepinephrine nemediated inhibition of the twitch response evoked in the mouse VD by lowfrequency hz field stimulation idz and idz antagonized the inhibitory effects of pac idz being twice as potent as idz in contrast antagonism by idz failed to meet schild criteria for a competitive mechanism yoh CR reversed the inhibition of twitch response induced by ne but not that induced by pac in the latter case residual inhibition was almost fully reversed by idz and to a lesser extent by idz while idz proved ineffective these results provide pharmacological evidence of alpha receptor heterogeneity at the VD level a possible additional mechanism involving IBS is discussed
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neomycins are a group of AGs with both clinical and agricultural applications to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of neomycin biosynthesis we completed draft genome sequencing of a neomycin producer streptomyces fradiae cgmcc from marine sediments and the neomycin biosynthesis gene cluster was identified inactivation of the afsag gene encoding a γbutyrolactone gbl synthase in s fradiae cgmcc resulted in a significant decrease of neomycin production quantitative rtpcr analysis revealed that the transcriptional level of neor and the aphaneogh operon were reduced in the afsagaaciv mutant interestingly a conserved IB site of adpa a key activator in the gbl RII cascade was discovered upstream of neor a putative regulatory gene encoding a protein with an atpase domain and a tetratricopeptide repeat domain when neor was inactivated the neomycin production was reduced about in comparison with the wt strain quantitative rtpcr analysis revealed that the transcriptional C2 of genes in the aphaneogh operon were reduced clearly in the neoraaciv mutant finally the titers of neomycin were improved considerably by overexpression of afsag and neor in s fradiae cgmcc
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hamstring tendons are a commonly used substitute for ACL AL acl reconstruction ligaments and tendons are similar in composition but the acl is more complex than hamstring tendons in CF and gross morphology which are highly dependent on its structure and ultrastructure the purpose of this T0 was to compare the morphology and ultrastructure of normal human acl and hamstring tendons including the cell type and arrangement expression level of proteoglycans diameter and density of collagen fibrils twenty semitendinosus or gracilis tendons and acl specimens were harvested from patients with acl rupture or osteoarthritis undergoing routine total knee arthroplasty the specimens were examined histologically and the ultrastructure was observed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy semitendinosus and gracilis tendons showed a homogeneous arrangement of collagen fibers and cell type they had lower fibril density and more widely distributed fibril diameters in the acl there was a more complex arrangement of collagen SF distribution of proteoglycans and different cell types electronic microscopy demonstrated a combination of parallel helical and nonlinear networks of acl fibrils and fibril diameters were smaller and more nonuniform this T0 compared the anatomy of normal human acl and hamstring tendons which may provide a standard for evaluating hamstring tendons grafts T3 acl reconstruction and may facilitate the application of hamstring tendons in clinical applications
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astrocytomas represent the most frequent primary PT of the central NS recently the determination of the Ki-67 of astrocytic tumors by different methods has been proposed as a valuable tool for tumor grading and also as a prognostic marker the aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression of cell proliferationrelated proteins in human astrocytic PT of different histopathological grades who an immunohistochemical T0 of the ki topoisomerase iialpha topo iialpha and cmyc proteins using the avidinbiotinperoxidase method was performed in astrocytomas grade i grade ii grade iii and grade iv and five samples of nontumor brain tissue control group ki topo iialpha and cmyc positive indices tended to increase according to malignant progression were absent in nontumor BB tissue and showed maximum values in highgrade astrocytomas iii and iv a gradual increase in ki antigen expression was observed in PA with mitotic index and histopathological classification the same was not observed for topo iialpha and cmyc ki antigen PCD in more than of the RT cells distinguished astrocytoma grade iv while a labeling index between and characterized astrocytomas WHO and values below discriminated lowgrade PT i and ii these results indicate that topo iialpha and cmyc expression is associated with cell proliferation in astrocytomas although not in an exclusive way moreover ki antigen was found to be the best marker of cellular proliferation and its expression predicts the grade of astrocytic PT
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clinical impact of the minimally invasive surgical mitral valve annuloplasty mva of functional MR fmr in systolic HF on top of the stateoftheart standards of care remains controversial therefore we aimed to compare clinical outcomes of isolated mva using the miniinvasive videothoracoscopic RPA versus the stateoftheart conconservative treatment in patients with chronic systolic heart failure and symptomatic fmr
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patients with type HLP present with relatively normal plasma C2 of verylowdensity lipoprotein vldl together with marked hyperchylomicronaemia since the aetiological basis for the type phenotype is a severe reduction in IP lipoprotein lipase lpl activity the discrepancy between the two triglyceriderich lipoprotein fractions is paradoxical in order to account for these observations we have previously proposed gmb that the hepatic secretion of lipoproteins in these patients is characterized by the production of chylomicronlike particles rather than vldl the implications of this hypothesis were examined in patients with type hyperlipoproteinaemia a CHO diet led to the enhancement of hyperchylomicronaemia in of the subjects the severity of the defect in peripheral lpl activity correlated with the tendency to hyperchylomicronaemia and in vitro CA suggested that hepatic lipase was capable of hydrolysing chylomicron triglyceride when present at the high concentrations characteristic of type hyperlipoproteinaemia these results were compatible with the above hypothesis implicating the CL as a partial determinant of the type phenotype
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longchain HFA and snmonoacylglycerol mg are the digestive products of dietary triacylglycerol tg hydrolysis although HFA uptake into the enterocyte has been examined widely less is known about mg uptake and few studies have mimicked the physiologic conditions present in the PP situation in this study the cellular uptake of oleic acid and mo presented in taurocholate micellar solution was examined in Caco-2 caco cells to model the postprandial intestinal milieu initial uptake of oleic acid and mg displayed a saturable CF of their monomer concentrations suggesting that HFA and mg uptake may be proteinmediated processes at low unbound concentrations of lipid the initial rate of oleate uptake was faster and the apparent km was lower than values for mg unlabeled oleic acid and to a lesser extent unlabeled mg inhibited the uptakes of both holeic acid and hmonoolein suggesting competitive uptake the nonphysiologic isomer snmg had effects similar to mg whereas the intermediate digestive product diacylglycerol dg did not inhibit either oleate or monoolein uptake these results suggest that in the PP state fatty acid and mg derived from dietary tg are transported into the enterocyte at least in part via a proteinmediated pathway that is shared by both lipids but not by the intermediate digestive product dg
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dengue virus denv is a mosquitoborne flavivirus and symptoms of infection range from asymptomatic to the severe dengue hemorrhagic feverdengue shock syndrome dhfdss high viral loads correlate with disease severity and both type i ii interferons ifns are crucial for controlling viral replication we have previously reported that signal transducer and activator of transcription stat deficient mice are resistant to denvinduced disease but little is known about this statindependent mechanism of protection to determine the molecular basis of the statindependent pathway mice lacking stat stat or both stat and stat were INF with a virulent mouseadapted strain of denv in the first hours of infection the singledeficient mice lacking stat or stat possessed fold higher levels of viral rna than wild type mice in the SS spleen and other visceral tissues but remained resistant to denvinduced death in contrast the doubledeficient mice exhibited the early death phenotype previously observed in type i and ii ifn receptor knockout mice ag indicating that stat is the mediator of the statindependent host defense mechanism further studies demonstrated that this statdependent statindependent mechanism requires the type i ifn receptor and contributes to the autocrine amplification of type i ifn expression examination of mRNA in the spleen and bone marrowderived macrophages following denv infection revealed statdependent pathways can induce the transcription of a subset of interferon stimulated genes even in the absence of stat collectively these results help elucidate the nature of the poorly understood statindependent host defense mechanism against viruses by identifying a functional type i ifnstat signaling pathway following denv infection in vivo
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moebius syndrome is characterized by congenital paralysis usually BL of the lateral rectus muscles and the muscles of facial expression ET is common in these patients few reports exist of the surgical results after treatment of strabismus in such patients we report the case of a monthold WG boy with moebius syndrome who demonstrated an apattern ET with orthotropia in downgaze use of a conventional surgical RPA for an apattern esotropia and a BL MR recession with a onehalf tendonwidth supraplacement produced the desired result of orthotropia in primary gaze in our patient
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seventy hartley CS guinea pigs g body weight at start of the experiment were used bbk gentamicin gm and kanamycin km were given to the animals intramuscularly for days at following various doses see article these guinea pigs underwent a differential frequency pinna reflex test in wide frequency range from khz to khz before the administration during the injection and after the last one for histopathological examination of the inner ears the guinea pigs were subjected to intravital fixation with wittmaacks fixative under nembutal GA anesthesia blocks including the bilateral temporal bones were removed from the skulls and then fixed in the same fixative for similar to weeks after routine procedure for decalcification dehydration and celloidin embedding horizontal serial sections of the inner ears were made and stained with hematoxylineosin the differential frequency pinna relfex test in the guinea pigs indicated positive pinna reflex in at khz and in at and khz before start of the administration administration of the antibiotics for days occasionally resulted in the pinna reflex loss which always involved the highest frequency khz and then was followed in relatively regular succession by and khz tables similar to on the other hand histopathological examination of the inner ears disclosed that the loss of the outer hair cells in the spiral organ which are the most CS to the ototoxic antibiotics occurred always at the basal end of the spiral organ and tycardia in one during lithium therapy exercise did not provoke premature atrial contractions or VVI ART in any of the patients but three patients had premature ventricular contractions with couplets in one case we conclude that lithium at therapeutic levels may precipitate or aggravate VAs when administered to patients with heart disease factors that interfere with renal clearance of lithium HF salt restriction longterm diuretic therapy must be recognized and doses must be adjusted accordingly careful followup and electrocardiographic monitoring are advisable if lithium is to be used in the presence of VAs cardiovascular performance as assessed by TM exercise testing was not affected by LT lithium therapy
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cellfree extracts of nitrategrown penicillium politans nrc could catalyze the hydrolytic deamination of adenosine to inosine maximally at ph and degrees c however the same extracts could not catalyze the nglycosidic bond cleavage of adenosine at ph and incubation of the extracts at degrees c for T2 caused about loss in activity whereas incubation of the extracts at degrees c for T2 caused a complete loss of enzyme activity results indicated the absence of the involvement of sulfhydryl groups in the catalytic site of adenosine deaminase the enzyme is inhibited by ethylene diamine tetraacetate indicating that adenosine deaminase is a metalloenzyme mncl and mgcl had a remarkable activating effect whereas hgcl cacl and znso showed an GABA effect on CEA dialyzing the extracts for hours significantly increase deaminase activity by about the apparent km value was calculated for adenosine and found to be x m which indicates high affinity of adenosine deaminase for its substrate adenosine
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extracellular LDV evs released from mesenchymal stemstromal cells mscs mediate their paracrine effect but their tau to protect the MC of the kidney is unknown using a novel swine MM of unilateral renovascular disease rvd complicated by metabolic syndrome mets we tested the hypothesis that evs would attenuate renal microvascular loss
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the purpose of the T0 performed between and was to prospectively collect and analyse the mechanical complications especially malpositioning in rightsided and leftsided attempts of catheterization of the infraclavicular SCV the subclavian vein was catheterized in rightsided and leftsided attempts catheterisation failed in cases the success rate on the right side was per cent and on the left side per cent the rate of malpositioning in rightsided attempts was significantly higher than in leftsided attempts p less than minor and major mechanical complications other than malpositioning were also more frequent in right attempts than in leftsided attempts p less than malpositioning of central A-V catheters may lead to serious complications including intravascular knotting rupture of the HR and great vessels incorrect CVP readings and thrombosis due to delivery of hyperosmolar solutions based on our results a leftsided approach should be preferred in infraclavicular subclavian vein catheterization unless specific contraindications exist
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telocytes tcs are cells defined by their long and moniliform processes termed telopodes they were previously identified in the Endo and express neural markers such as nestin and neuronspecific enolase nse previous studies found a positive expression of neurofilaments in EE cells and a positive expression of nestin in cardiac side population csp progenitor cells which allowed us to hypothesize that tcs in the endocardial stem niche could be in fact progenitors that express nestin
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lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of fourteen patients with patchy AA or alopecia universalis were estimated using monoclonal antibodies and immunofluorescence the median percentage of circulating leu a a and positive cells tsuppressorcytotoxic thelpereffector total tcells and killer and natural killer cells were normal
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cannulated steers were used to determine the effects of supplemental soybean meal heated soybean meal fish meal and a combination of FM heated soybean meal and corn gluten meal on intraruminal protein degradation and absorption of aa from the small intestine organic matter digestion in the reticulorumen was greater in steers fed diets supplemented with soybean meal but whole tract digestibility was not affected by protein source total and bacterial cp flows to the abomasum were lower in steers fed diets supplemented with fish meal than in steers fed diets supplemented with heated soybean meal or the combination supplement dietary cp flow was higher in steers fed diets supplemented with heated soybean meal than in steers fed diets supplemented with soybean meal FM or the combination supplement less essential and nonessential aa flowed to the abomasum and were absorbed from the small intestine of steers receiving diets supplemented with soybean meal digestibility of small intestine aa was lower in steers receiving the soybean meal treatment abomasal flows of met and thr and absorption of lys met and thr were increased in steers fed diets containing heated soybean meal FM and the combination supplement these results suggest that the supply of aa deficient in microbial cp lys met and thr can be increased and that absorbed aa balance can be changed markedly by selection of rumen EP supplements
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during the routine screening of patients with urticaria or angiooedema for hypocomplementaemia patients were found to have low serum levels of the C3 of complement c these patients were noteworthy and differed from previous reports of patients with urticarialike skin lesions and hypocomplementaemia because of the absence of immunecomplex disease in addition to the low c of these patients were unique on the basis of low serum levels of haemolytic c cq cs and properdin factor b but normal concentrations of c and c these c abnormalities may reflect a new clinical entity and these cases form the first description in man of the cbypass complementactivation pathway
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a comparison of two commercial reversed passive haemmagglutination tests with a counterimmunoelectrophoretic test used to detect hepatitisb surface antigen in reconstituted FD plasma showed an increase in the number of positive results by the haemaggients with one VD quantification of total numbers of intra and intervessel stenoses revealed stenoses in the patients with positive mext in contrast p less than to in patients with negative mext similarly graded luminal narrowing index of severity of total stenoses per patient was in those with positive mext compared p less than to in those with negative mext the poststenotic MP index estimated by graded distal vessel opacification per L1 vessel disease was only in those with positive mext contrasted p less than to in those with negative mext these data indicate that sensitivity of positive mext in patients with coronary disease is most closely determined by the number of major coronary vessels involved the total number of major vessels stenosed the severity of total stenoses and poststenotic distal vessel perfusion less important factors are the precise site of intravessesl stenosis and the TPS major PD involved although stenosis PT to the LADA favored positive mext unimportant variables were the quality of collateral vessels VF and prior inferior infarction angina occurred more frequently in those with positive mext and marked degree of positive mext indicated stenosis PT to the left anterior descending artery
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better understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of PSV psv has led to the development of many potentially clinically relevant biomarkers genomewide association studies have highlighted that mhc class ii polymorphisms may influence the OD of particular antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody anca serotypes but not the clinical phenotype of ancaassociated vasculitis aav although ancas are overall poor biomarkers of SLEDAI they may be useful for the prediction of flares of renal andor pulmonary vasculitis moreover patients with proteinase praav may respond better to RTX than cyclophosphamide newer biomarkers of renal vasculitis in aav include urinary soluble cd and may in the future reduce the requirement for renal biopsy better understanding of dysregulated neutrophil activation in aav has led to the identification of novel biomarkers including circulating microparticles and PMNL extracellular traps nets although their clinical utility has not yet been realised studies examining endothelial injury and repair responses have additionally revealed indices that may have utility as SLEDAI andor prognostic biomarkers last nextgeneration sequencing technologies are revealing monogenic forms of vasculitis such as deficiency of adenosine deaminase type dada and are profoundly influencing the RPA to the diagnosis and treatment of vasculitis in the young
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the wholebody CSD of offluoroethyl ltyrosine fet was studied in seven patients with brain tumours by positron emission tomography pet based on the imedose and mirdose procedures radiation absorbed doses were estimated from wholebody pet scans acquired approximately and min after iv injection of mbq fet T3 i.t. of fet the peak of radioactivity in the blood was observed after min and a plateau of nearly constant radioactivity was reached at min the wholebody distribution of fet showed the highest MICs in the urinary tract all other organs exhibited only moderate fet uptake suv which remained constant between early and late pet scans no increased uptake was seen in the bone the biliary tract or the pancreas twentytwo percent of the injected activity was excreted h pi approx idh the highest absorbed dose was found for the urinary bladder wall the effective dose according to icrp was micro svmbq for adults which would lead to an effective dose of msv in a pet study using mbq fet
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six susceptible and six preimmunized heifers were inseminated with semen from a bull PI with bovine viral diarrhoea virus bvdv they had poor rates of conception but ultimately all but one conceived eleven apparently normal calves were born none of which showed evidence of bvdv infection
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apoptosis or the induction of PCD is a mechanism commonly used by Tc cells to cause target cell lysis we evaluated the frequency and distribution of apoptotic cells in dbadba heterotopic cardiac isografts acutely rejecting dbacbl cardiac allografts and accepted day dbacbl allografts from mice treated with anticd mab gk or GN gn apoptosis was identified in histologic sections via tunel analysis of nuclear dna fragmentation we observed the following cardiac isografts display no detectable tunel cells rejecting cardiac allografts display rare of nucleated cellsfield diffuse tunel cells peaking on day and declining to of peak by the day of AAR approximately day and tunel cells were localized to regions of cellular infiltrate rather than myocyte regions accepted cardiac allografts display relatively high numbers of tunel cells localized in and around the C1 cardiac arteries about of nucleated cellsperiarterial field these arteries often showed evidence of SPK vascular sclerosis characteristic of chronic allograft rejection while a few tunel cells were found in the arterial tissue most were observed in the periarterial cellular infiltrate similar frequencies and distributions of tunel cells were observed in grafts that were accepted due to treatment with the anticd mab gk or gallium nitrate in general apoptosis did not correlate with GF or parenchymal cell damage suggesting that Tc cellmediated destruction of graft tissues is rare in cardiac allografts while apoptosis does not appear to be indicative of acute rejection the characteristic periarterial clustering of apoptosis in accepted grafts may be indicative of immunoregulatory processes that maintain graft acceptance or repair processes that promote chronic vascular CR
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recent evidence indicates that macrophages at the maternalfetal interface adapt to a phenotype characterized by alternative activation m polarization and exhibit immunosuppressive functions that favor the maintenance of pregnancy the bias of m decidual macrophages toward m has been clinically linked to pregnancyrelated complications such as preeclampsia and preterm delivery the aim of this T0 was to investigate the effect of toxoplasma gondii pru CS infection on the bias of decidual macrophage polarization and its contribution to adverse pregnancy outcomes a mouse MM with adverse pregnancy outcome was established by infection with t gondii pru CS and the expression C2 of PET molecules in decidual macrophages of mice were measured the results showed that t gondii infection caused seriously adverse pregnancy outcome in mice the placentae of infected mice showed obvious congestion and inflammatory cell infiltration the expression of cd mhcii and arginase considered as m markers was decreased in decidual macrophages T3 t gondii infection whereas the expression of cd cd inos and cytokines tnfα and il considered as m markers was increased furthermore inospositive expression was observed in the decidua basalis of INF mice our results indicated that t gondii infection was responsible for the bias of m decidual macrophages toward m which changes the IS microenvironment at the maternalfetal interface and contributes to adverse pregnancy outcomes
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commercial low molecular mass heparin accelerates the inhibition of NE by mucus proteinase inhibitor the predominant antielastase of lung secretions faller b mély y gérard d and bieth jg biochemistry to T0 the kinetic mechanism of this rate enhancement we have isolated a kda heparin fragment from commercial heparin this compound is fairly monodisperse as shown by analytical ultracentrifugation it binds elastase and inhibitor with a stoichiometry and an equilibrium KB of and nm respectively it also forms a tight complex with ei flow calorimetry shows that the inhibitorheparin interaction is characterized by a C1 negative enthalpy change delta h kj mol and a small entropy change delta s j k mol stoppedflow kinetics run under pseudofirstorder conditions io eo show that in the absence of heparin the inhibition conforms to a simple bimolecular reaction formula see text where ka x m s kd s and ki pm whereas in the presence of heparin e and i react via a twostep mechanism formula see text where ki nm k s k s and ki pm thus heparin increases both the rate of inhibition by promoting the formation of a high affinity ei intermediate and the rate of ei dissociation since the dissociation is negligible in bronchial secretions where the inhibitor concentration is much higher than ki it may be concluded that heparin significantly potentiates the inhibitors antielastase potential in vivo
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we demonstrate a new method to tune the resonance of whispering gallery modes in a fused Si optical microsphere resonator by removing atomic layers from the sphere surface with low concentrations of hydrofluoric acid our results show that the wgms can be tuned over pm ghz more than one free spectral range of the microsphere resonator with a tuning precision better than pm mhz both AFM images and a qfactor measurement performed in air suggest that no additional Kd in qfactor due to surface roughness is introduced during this etching process
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two sorting technologies including a chemical stain method and an xray fluorescence technique were investigated for separating chromated copper arsenate cca treated wood from other wood types in the wood waste stream stains were investigated in both laboratory and field settings studies included specially mixed solutions with chrome azurol pyridylazonaphthol pan and rubeanic acid chemicals xray fluorescence was tested in the laboratory using a commercially available xray fluorescence spectrometer laboratory scale experiments showed that both technologies were able to detect cca treated wood in mixtures of treated wood and untreated wood with PCD limits on the order of to cca results from field experiments at construction and demolition facilities indicate that although the chemical stains can be effectively used to identify cca treated wood waste in field settings their use will be limited to sorting relatively small wood waste piles due to increased labor and time needed for processing the wood waste operational parameters for sorting using xray fluorescence technology were established these parameters concluded that As was the most CS metal for analysis analysis time was less than seconds per wood sample and the maximum separation distance between the sample and the xray probe was cm xray technology shows considerable promise for separating large quantities of ccatreated wood from other wood types in the field using an online sorting system
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results of the study of incidence of CT trachomatis infection in patients with reiters syndrome are presented chlamydia trachomatic was isolated from the uretral smear in of patients with reiters syndrome in the group of patients with other rheumatologic diseases chlamydia trachomatis was isolated in of patients in all patients with negative isolation infection was confirmed serologically also and in some patients with negative isolation it was also proved
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