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the copolymer of polylmalic acidcodllactic acid pml was synthesized through a direct polycondensation of lmalic acid ma and dllactic acid la then a new polyelectrolyte complex pec based on the complexation between the copolymer pml and chitosan cs was prepared the pec formed SD nano particles in AQ solutions with ph and the nano particles had the diameters in a range of nm varied with the components of pml and cs doxorubicin dox as a MM drug was loaded on the nano particles through the PCS adsorption and complexation and part of dox formed the AA particles by selfaggregation the high drug loading efficiency and the sustained release patterns in acidic media were observed and the release accelerated in ALP solutions the nano particles could be potentially applied as ph sensitive drug vehicles for controlled PR
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we determined if high cadences during a prolonged cycling protocol with varying intensities similar to race situations decrease performance compared to cycling at a lower more energetically optimal cadence eight healthy competitive male road cyclists ± yr cycled for min at either or rpm randomized with varying intensities of SP outputs corresponding to and of vomax at the end of this cycling period participants completed a ramped exercise test to exhaustion at their preferred cadence ± rpm there were no cadence differences in blood glucose respiratory exchange ratio or rate of RPE heart rate vo and blood lactate were higher at rpm vs rpm the TE cost while cycling during the and vomax intervals at rpm ± and ± kcalâmin respectively were higher than at rpm ± and ± kcalâmin respectively p gross efficiency was higher at rpm vs rpm during both the ± vs ± and the vs ± exercise intensities p maximal power during the performance test ± watts was greater at rpm than rpm ± watts p findings suggest that in conditions simulating those seen during prolonged competitive cycling higher cadences ie vs rpm are less efficient resulting in greater energy expenditure and reduced PPO during maximal performance key pointswhen competitive cyclists perform prolonged exercise that simulates racing conditions ie VL lowmoderate submaximal cycling a higher cadence results in excess SE expenditure and lower gross efficiency compared to a lower cadence at the same SP outputconsequently maximal SP output is reduced during a subsequent exercise bout to exhaustion T3 using a higher cadenceselection of a lower more energetically optimal cadence during prolonged cycling exercise may allow competitive cyclists to enhance maximal performance later in a race
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rat dorsal root ganglia in TC which contain an interferongamma ifngammalike immunoreactive subpopulation of SN were INF with paramyxoviruses sendai virus caused a substantial neuronal lysis while the rw CS of mumps virus caused a much less pronounced nerve cell loss early during infection the subpopulation of ifngammalike immunoreactive SN was less susceptible to mumps virus virus antigen was rapidly lost from surviving ifngammalike positive neurons INF with sendai virus while this remarkable selfcuring effect occurred in both nerve cell populations at later time points T3 mumps virus infectiestigated it was found that during incubation of herbicide ipo with cells of e coli k kf and nitrate mutagenic product for strain of s typhimurium ta is created very weak mutagenic metabolite for the same strain was appearing during incubation of herbicide ipo with cells of e coli k kf in presence of nitrite incubation of investigated EDC with e coli k kf cells CT did not result in appearance of mutagenic substances thus role of escherichia coli in creation of mutagenic compounds from nonmutagenic derivatives of urea consisted of nitrite from nitrate production with participation of nitroreductase which afterwards in absence of bacteria or action of their enzymes reacted with investigated pesticides
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recent research efforts investigating dose escalation techniques for threedimensional conformal radiation therapy d crt and intensity modulated radiation therapy imrt have demonstrated great benefit when highdose hypofractionated treatment schemes are implemented the use of these paradigms emphasizes the importance of smaller treatment margins to avoid high dose to surrounding normal tissue or organs at risk oars however tighter margins may lead to underdosage of the target due to the presence of organ motion it is important to characterize organ motion and possibly account for it during treatment delivery the need for RT localization of dynamic targets has encouraged the use and development of more continuous motion monitoring systems such as kilovoltagefluoroscopic imaging EM tracking and optical monitoring systems
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pertussis is a contagious respiratory illness caused by the bacterium bordetella pertussis two types of vaccines are currently available against the disease wholecell pertussis wp and acellular pertussis ap with the shift of highincome ter than to seconds and is relieved by rest and nitroglycerin there are approximately million people in the united states who have angina and there are over cases diagnosed per year several studies now show that angina itself is a predictor of major adverse CE in addition angina is a serious morbidity that impedes quality of life and should be treated in the united states pharmacologic therapy for angina includes βblockers nitrates calcium channel blockers and the late sodium current blocker ranolazine in other countries additional pharmacologic agents include trimetazidine ivabradine nicorandil fasudil and others revascularization is indicated in certain highrisk individuals and also has been shown to improve angina however even T3 revascularization a substantial percentage of patients return with recurrent or continued angina requiring newer and better therapies treatment for refractory angina not amenable to usual pharmacologic therapies or revascularization procedures includes enhanced ECP TMR and stem cell therapy angina continues to be a significant cause of morbidity therapy should be geared not only to treating the risk factors for AS disease and improving survival but should also be aimed at eliminating or reducing the occurrence of angina and improving the ability of patients to be AS
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the uptake of modified LD lipoprotein via the macrophage scavenger receptor msr results in the formation of lipidladen foam cells during atherosclerosis because increased oxidative AS has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis the role of reactive oxygen species on the activity and expression of msr was investigated the uptake of acetylated low density lipoprotein and the levels of msri mrna were inhibited by treatment with the oxygen radical scavengers tetramethylpiperidinenoxyl dimethylthiourea or sodium benzoate or the iron chelator deferoxamine dimethylthiourea or benzoate also decreased the levels of msri mrna in the presence of the transcription inhibitor actinomycin d these results indicate that hydroxyl radicals produced from superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of free iron contribute to an increased msr activity by stabilizing msri mrna several sources of ROS species are involved as inhibition of msr activity and C2 of msri mrna occurred in the presence of rotenone a mitochondrial complex i inhibitor or acetovanillone a NOX inhibitor the oxidative AS responsive nuclear factor kappab is not involved as inhibitors of its activation remained without significant inhibition in contrast to msri the levels of msrii mrna which is formed by alternative splicing of the same gene transcript were largely unaffected by the inhibitors of reactive oxygen species formation and activity the present results suggest that oxidant stress contributes to an increased activity of msr by stabilizing msri mrna
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in acute periprosthetic infection irrigation and debridement with component PR has a high failure rate in some studies we hypothesize that pulse lavage irrigation is ineffective at removing biofilm from total knee arthroplasty tka components staphylococcus aureus biofilm mass and location was directly visualized on arthroplasty materials with a photon collection camera and laser scanning confocal microscopy there was a substantial reduction in biofilm signal intensity but the reduction was less than a tenfold decrease this suggests that irrigation needs to be further improved for the removal of biofilm mass below the necessary bioburden level to prevent recurrence of acute infection in total knee arthroplasty
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dehydrated antarctic cryptoendolithic communities and colonies of the rock inhabitant black fungi cryomyces antarcticus ccfee and cryomyces minteri ccfee were exposed as part of the lichens and fungi experiment life for months in the european space agencys exposee facility to simulated martian conditions aboard the international space station iss upon sample retrievrganoids and in early brain development the given prototypical solutions include a review of metabolic information for many cell types and can be broadly applied to many forms of tissue constructs this work enables researchers to MM oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells predict cell viability study dynamics of mass transport in d tissue constructs design constructs with improved DWI capabilities and accurately control molecular concentrations in tissue constructs that may be used in studying models of OD and disease or for conditioning cells to enhance survival T3 insults like ischemia or implantation into the body thereby providing a FR for better understanding and exploring the characteristics and behaviors of engineered tissue constructs
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an hplc method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of rutin and scopoletin in the aerial parts of fabiana imbricata is presented the results showed high R2 in the scopoletin mg and rutin mg content in the populations surveyed a micropropagation method for f imbricata plants was established by culturing shoot tips on murashigeskoog ms medium containing mgl benzylaminopurine bap mgl naphthaleneacetic acid naa and mgl gibberellic acid ga auxin addition to the rooting medium especially mgl IBA iba or mgl iba and mgl naa enhances root formation the micropropagation method presented allowed the obtention of regenerated plantlets in six weeks from shoot tips
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in exp during the T0 phase participants read unrelated contexttarget word pairs presented below a L1 drawing of the context word during test the strong cue group was presented with context words L1 drawings and stems of target words the line drawings were not presented in the weak cue group stems were paired with the same context words as at T0 IN paired with different context words recombined or corresponded to unstudied words control in experiment participants were instructed to CR stems with the first word that came to mind indirect the priming effect for new associations was twice as C1 in the strong cue group in experiment the process dissociation procedure was applied and participants completed stems with studied words inclusion or with unstudied words exclusion results indicated that consciously controlled and automatic retrieval processes mediated the associative effect in both groups
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several methods have been previously suggested for the presumptive identification of gardnerella vaginalis in clinical laboratories but none is entirely satisfactory we previously found that SPS sps inhibits g vaginalis in blood culture media we compared susceptibility to an spscontaining paper disk with betahemolysis on human blood agar hippurate hydrolysis and inhibition by alphahemolytic streptococci for ID of previously confirmed g vaginalis strains all strains were positive by sps disk and alphahemolytic streptococcus inhibition were positive by betahemolysis and were positive by hippurate hydrolysis although positive reactions occurred with sps disk and alphahemolytic streptococcus tests for and of other bacteria tested respectively none of these bacteria were positive for both tests we conclude that a combination of sps disk susceptibility and alphahemolytic streptococcus inhibition provides excellent identification of g vaginalis when performed by the methods suggested
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whats known on the subject and what does the T0 add cell therapy using muscle F0 cell mpc injections has shown promise for urinary incontinence due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency isd but the cellpreparation process is complex and costly implantation of freshly isolated myofibres carrying mpcs mainly satellite cells was very efficient in repairing muscle damage in recent animal experiments in a phase i clinical trial we investigated whether periurethral myofibre implantation generated local myogenesis and improved continence in patients five men and five women with isd we found that myofibre implantation increased intraurethral pressure and periurethral electromyographic activity in patients with isd there were no serious sideeffects
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in order to assess functional skills of older adults both TUG tug test and gait speed gs test are well validated concerning their predictive capacities however the question remains unclear which one of these tests represents better the whole physical performance of older adults the aim of this study is to determine the more representative test between tug and gs of the whole motor control quality to study links between locomotion capacities and arm CF we measured in a population of frail aged patients the locomotion tests and the mean arm maximal velocity developed during a speedaccuracy tradeoff this arm movement consisted in reaching the hand toward a target in a virtual game scene we plotted the different couples of variables obtained on graphs and calculate pearson correlation coefficients between each couple the pearson rho between gs and hand maximal velocity was significant r p interestingly we found a non significant pearson rho between timed up and go score tug and hand maximal velocity r p our results suggest that gs score is more representative of the whole motor ability of frail patients than the tug we propose that the relative complexity of the tug motor sequence could be involved in this difference for a few patients with motor automatisms deficiencies this motor sequence complexity could leads to a dual task perturbation in this way we conclude that gs should be preferred over the tug with older adults
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endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ercp with a cytological sample is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of the aetiology of biliary stricture our aim was to evaluate whether a more dense infinity® cytological brush is more sensitive in diagnosing malignancy than the regularly used brush
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left VVI lv dysfunction can occur due to chronic RA VVI apical pacing upgrading of the pacemaker to biventricular pacing is an option to reverse lv dysfunction but reprogramming of the atrioventricular av timing can also be favourable in this case report we describe the effect of avtime reprogramming in a patient with lv CF deterioration that emerged two years T3 implantation of a dual chamber system for SSS echocardiographc studies demonstrated a tremendous improvement in lv function during two years followup whereas the percentage of right ventricular pacing diminished dramatically careful analysis of the cause of lv deterioration can avoid unnecessary upgrading to biventricular pacing neth HR j
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adhesion of four isolates of candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells was determined after growth of the yeasts in defined medium containing mm glucose or mm galactose as the carbon source with each isolate adhesion of galactosegrown yeasts was significantly higher than that of glucosegrown organisms yeast cellsurface hydrophobicity was assessed by two methods a modified hydrocarbon adhesion CA and a more CS polystyrene microsphere assay all four isolates were significantly more hydrophobic after growth on mm galactose than T3 growth on mm glucose overall a strong positive rho between adhesion and surface hydrophobicity was observed r these results are discussed in relation to the role of yeastsurfap received two capsules containing NAP sodium mg each and the control group received two identical capsules containing placebo postoperative VAS pain scores analgesic requirements sideeffects and length of day surgery stay were studied fortyfour patients completed the T0 with patients in the naproxen group and in the PG there was a statistically significant difference between groups in terms of pain score naproxen group vs PG patients requiring postoperative opioids naproxen group vs PG and time spent in the day surgery unit naproxen group min vs PG min there was no difference in the incidence of NV only one person developed a sideeffect from the naproxen sodium which was minor gastric discomfort this T0 shows that naproxen decreased the postoperative tubal ligation pain with less subsequent postoperative analgesic requirements less time to street fitness and no increase in analgesic sideeffects we recommend the use of this premedication in outpatient laparoscopic tubal ligations
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the mammalian olfactory gprotein coupled receptor family is comprised of hundreds of proteins that mediate odorant binding and initiate ST cascades leading to the sensation of smell however efforts to functionally express olfactory receptors and identify TPS odorant ligandolfactory receptor interactions have been severely impeded by poor olfactory receptor surface expression in rat systems therefore experiments were performed to elucidate the cellular mechanisms responsible for inefficient or cell surface expression we determined that the mouse ORs mi and moreg are not selected for export from the er and therefore are not detectable at the golgi apparatus or plasma membrane specifically ORs interact with the er chaperone calnexin are excluded from er export sites do not accumulate in ergolgi transport intermediates at degrees c and contain endoglycosidase hsensitive OS consistent with or exclusion from poster compartments a labile pool of erretained ORs are posttranslationally modified by polyubiquitination and targeted for Kd by the proteasome in addition ORs are sequestered into er aggregates that are degraded by autophagy collectively these data demonstrate that poor surface expression of ORs in rat cells is attributable to a combination of er PR due to inefficient folding and poor coupling to er export machinery aggregation and Kd via both proteasomal and autophagic pathways
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PFE is a rare but benign cardiac tumor and usually originates from the cardiac valve we describe a yearold woman who was initially diagnosed with gastric cancer and was incidentally found to have a mass in the free wall of her left atrium between the left atrial appendage and the left superior BPV an excision was performed through the left atrial appendage under cardiopulmonary bypass the histopathologic examination of the resected tissue revealed a papillary fibroelastoma the unusual localization of this papillary fibroelastoma was discussed
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bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung bac is a AT1 of adenocarcinoma of the lung although traditionally grouped with other nonsmall cell lung carcinomas nsclc bac has unique morphological features and clinical SMB such as BL lung involvement indolent course and lack of association with smoking some epidemiologic studies report a significant increase in the incidence of bac we used the seer DB to compare the incidence demographics and overall survival of bac patients as compared to other nsclc types over the past two decades although the incidence of bac has increased over the past two decades bac represents less than of all nsclc in every time period evaluated the year survival rate is significantly better for bac patients relative to other histological subtypes of nsclc there has not been a marked increase in the incidence of bac reported to seer over the past years
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antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia provide effective treatment of psychotic PS but might lead to neuroendocrine abnormalities
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SD is prevalent in patients with type diabetes mellitus but remains one of the most frequently neglected complications in diabetes care both patients and care providers appear to have difficulty with discussing sexual problems in diabetes care a sexual counselling MM for care providers such as the plissit model might be a useful tool to improve the discussion of sexual issues in patients with type diabetes mellitus plissit stands for permission limited information specific suggestions and intensive therapy even though the use of the plissit MM has often been recommended in diabetes care no evidence with regards to its effectiveness in patients with type diabetes mellitus exists this T0 describes the design of a clusterrandomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a plissitmodel MI in men and women with type diabetes mellitus in PC
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the jnk protein kinase is a member of the map kinase group that is activated in response to dual phosphorylation on threonine and tyrosine ten jnk isoforms were identified in human brain by molecular cloning these protein kinases correspond to alternatively spliced isoforms derived from the jnk jnk and jnk genes the protein kinase activity of these jnk isoforms was measured using the transcription factors atf elk and members of the jun family as substrates treatment of cells with interleukin il caused activation of the jnk isoforms this activation was blocked by expression of the map kinase phosphatase mkp comparison of the binding activity of the jnk isoforms demonstrated that the jnk proteins differ in their interaction with atf elk and jun transcription factors individual members of the jnk group may therefore selectively target specific transcription AF in vivo
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kynurenine a metabolite of tryptophan is known to contribute to CA progression when overproduced a method for facile FL sensing of kynurenine using sensor has been developed when bound at low ph sensor undergoes a very large bathochromic shift because kynurenine extends the conjugation of the fluorophore this unusual mechanism of activation provides a fold fluorescence enhancement that is very specific to KYN and a wavelength of fluorescence that extends into the red
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the effect of tunicamycin an inhibitor of protein glycosylation on the highaffinity transport of D-Asp was investigated in c astrocytoma cells a concentration of tunicamycin microgramml that after h SE inhibited the rate of transport by and incorporation of hmannose by had only a small effect on cleucine incorporation into protein and cell growth reduction tunicamycin decreased the vmax for transport without affecting the km which suggests that inhibition of glycosylation reduces the number of competent transporters on the surface of the plasma membrane the decrease in the velocity of uptake was attenuated when c cells were treated with tunicamycin in the presence of PIs indicating that the underglycosylated carriers are subject to enhanced proteolytic degradation incubation in drugfree medium following treatment with microgramml of TM for h resulted in REC of D-Asp transport within h this recovery was prevented by the presence of cycloheximide which indicates that synthesis of new transporters is necessary for the restoration of normal rates of D-Asp uptake these results support our earlier postulate that the highaffinity carriers for amino acid transmitters are TM glycoproteins
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spinal cord injury patients are at risk for developing unusual complications such as autonomic dysreflexia while changing suprapubic cystostomy we report a male patient with SB in whom the foley catheter was placed in the urethra during NC of suprapubic cystostomy with serious consequences
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many important structures are located in the confined space within the posterior cranial fossa this article describes the main aspects of the anatomy as a uniform classification of malformations of the posterior cranial fossa does not exist the main syndromes such as chiari malformations zerebellar hypoplasia and dysplasia are discussed separately
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physalis peruviana l pp is a popular folk medicine used for treating CA leukemia hepatitis rheumatism and other diseases in this T0 our objectives were to examine the total flavonoid and phenol content of different pp extracts aqueous hwepp ethanolic eepp supercritical carbon dioxide scepp scepp and scepp and their antiproliferative effects in human LC h cells among all the extracts tested results showed that scepp possessed the highest total flavonoid mgg and PH mgg contents scepp also demonstrated the most potent inhibitory effect on h cell proliferation using dna ladder and FC analysis scepp effectively induced h cell apoptosis as demonstrated by the accumulation of subg peak and fragmentation of dna scepp not only induced Tc arrest at s phase it also upregulated the expression of proapoptotic protein bax and downregulated the inhibitor of apoptosis protein iap furthermore the AI induction in h cells was found to associate with an elevated p protein expression cytochrome c release ICE activation and parp cleavage taken together these results conclude that scepp induced cell cycle arrest at s phase and its AI induction could be mediated through the pdependent pathway and modification of bax and xiap proteins expression the results have also provided important pharmacological backgrounds for the potential use of pp supercritical fluid extract as products for cancer prevention
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chronotropic incompetence is defined as the inability to reach of HR rate hr reserve or of the maximally predicted hr during exercise the presence of CI is associated with reduced peak oxygen consumption and rateresponsive pacing therapy is under investigation to improve exercise capacity in heart failure hf however uncertainty exists about whether CI and reduced ET in hf are attributable to βblockade
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the leaves of clausena anisata willd hook f ex benth rutaceae is used in traditional african medicine for the treatment of various ailments including ICA the present T0 sought to investigate the antinociceptive and antiarthritic properties of hydroethanolic leaf extract of clausena anisata heca heca or mgkg po was po h before i.pl. injection of formalin vv in saline to evaluate antinociceptive effect moreover its possible mechanism of antinociceptive action was investigated through pretreatment of mice with antagonists of receptors implicated in nociception anti¬inflammatory effect of the extract was investigated using the carrageenaninduced paw oedema and complete freunds adjuvant cfainduced arthritis models in rats heca mgkg treatment significantly reduced the duration of paw lickingbiting during both in the early and late phases of formalininduced nociception however the antinociceptive effect elicited by heca was reverse by i.c.v. of mice with naloxone prazosin yohimbine ketanserin larginine and parachlorophenylalanine pcpa heca produced dosedependent and time course decrease in carrageenaninduced paw oedema pre and PT of rats with heca ameliorated cfainduced arthritis evidenced in the significant decrease in arthritic index comparatively similar to the effect of celecoxib cfa induced oxidative and nitrosative AS were att by subchronic treatment with heca findings from this T0 shows that c anisata possesses antinociceptive activity through possible interaction with opioidergic NE largininenitric oxide and serotated with cerebral small vascular diseases such as silent brain infarction and cerebral white matter hyperintensity cwmh but few prospective data are available for CBF microbleeds cmbs the aim of the study was to investigate associations between SS alp levels and cmbs in acute ischemic stroke patients with atrial fibrillation andor RHD this prospective T0 involved consecutively recruited AIS patients with atrial fibrillation andor RHD treated at two large tertiary care hospitals in southwestern china we used LR to examine the relationships between alp levels and cmbs of patients males mean age years included patients had cmbs compared with the first tertile of alp concentration participants in the third tertile were times more likely to have multicmbs ⥠confidence interval ci p T3 adjusting for age gender smoking habits drinking habits alt alanine transaminase C2 ast aspartate transaminase levels renal impairment and cwmh
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a simple CS and selective highperformance liquid chromatographic hplc method with uv detection nm was developed and validated for determination of tenatoprazole a novel protonpump inhibitor in dog plasma tenatoprazole and internal standard pantoprazole were extracted into diethyl ether and separated using an isocratic mobile phase of mm PB phacetonitrile vv on a diamonsil c column x mm microm the retention times for tenatoprazole and internal standard were and min respectively no endogenous interferences were observed this hplc method was fully validated the lower limit of quantitation was ngml with a relative sigma of less than a linear range of microgml was established the interday and intraday precisions were within rsd and respectively this method developed can be easily applied to the pharmacokinetic study of tenatoprazole in dog plasma after oral administration of an entericcoated capsule the plasma concentration of tenatoprazole from six dogs showed a mean cmax of microgml at tmax of h the BA of tenatoprazole was improved by administration of entericcoated capsule
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this paper investigates the postsurgical pharmacokinetics of methotrexate mtx in the plasma the CSF fluids csf and the spaces created by tumor removal str in patients with glioblastoma during hyperosmotic disruption of the blood brain barrier hodbbb and intraarterial chemotherapy with mtx eight japanese patients with glioblastoma three with open strs and five with closed strs received a total of thirteen courses of hodbbb and intraarterial combination chemotherapy with mtx the patients were initially administered mannitol then the anticancer drugs were infused into the i.c. samples of blood and csf from the strs were obtained mtx concentrations were measured by FP immunoassay and the pharmacokinetic parameters of mtx in plasma and csf were estimated the PC of mtx peaked at the end of drug infusion and then decayed biexponentially during the remainder of the treatment period the csf concentration of mtx in the str peaked h after drug administration then monoexponentially decreased the area under the concentrationtime curve auc for plasma and csf mtx concentrations increased in parallel with the mtx dose in patients with open strs the mean auc of mtx in csf was of that found in plasma while in patients with closed strs the mean was of that found in agreement that HUT is an effective technique for providing direct diagnostic evidence indicating susceptibility to vasovagal syncope tilt test duration of to min at to degrees have become widely accepted in laboratories for evaluating adult patients it exhibits a high level of diagnostic specificity of to its sensitivity in contrast remains to be to pharmacologic provocation during HUT elicites susceptibility to vasovagal reactions isoproterenol is the most common agent applied for its use headupright tilt testing is most warranted in following conditions recurrent syncope or single episode of syncope in a high risk patient DUE of patients in whom demonstration of susceptibility to neurally mediated syncope would affect treatment plans and exercise induced syncope
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wide resection with adjuvant radiotherapy is generally accepted as the optimal treatment for patients with extremity softtissue sarcomas however there is a subset of patients with difficult tumours who sustain such marked loss of CF from limbsalvage procedures that amputation might offer a superior PET alternative to evaluate this issue the authors prospectively designated of patients registered in torontos PMH prospective sarcoma DB in as difficult cases on the basis of tumour size and anatomical location complications and PET results of wide resection and ART were documented the most frequent complication was related to wound healing of patients PET analysis at year followup demonstrated that all patients had results superior to those that would be expected with amputation
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EP studies in one patient with type b preexcitation and dual av nodal pathway revealed several types of paroxysmal narrow qrs ART psvt one type of psvt reflected antegrade fast av nodal pathway and retrograde anomalous pathway conduction this psvt was characterized by early retorgrade activation of RAA p following qrs and cycle length of to msec a second psvt reflected antegrade slow av nodal pathway and retrograde anomalous pathway conduction this psvt was characterized by early VA activation of right atrial appendage p following qrs and cycle length of msec a third psvt reflected av nodal reentrance with antegrade slow pathway and VA FP conduction this psvt was characterized by normal retrograde atrial activation sequences p simultaneous with qrs and cycle length of msec all psvt inductions could be explained in terms of antegrade and retrograde properties of fast and slow av nodal and anomalous pathways
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midkine mk is a product of a retinoic acidresponsive gene and is a novel growth differentiation factor we examined the expression of the mk gene in specimens of surgically removed human carcinomas of the gastrointestinal organs namely gastric colorectal HCC pancreatic esophageal ampullary duodenal and bile duct carcinomas in most cases the mk mrna level was higher in cancer specimens than in the corresponding noncancerous tissues furthermore mk mrna was more highly expressed in the colon adenocarcinoma lesion than in the adenoma lesions in the two familial polyposis cases while mk mrna was not detected in the NL it became detectable in cirrhotic tissues in of cases and its expression was increased in the cancerous tissues thus the increase of mk mrna level is a phenomenon seen in many human gastrointestinal carcinomas the increased expression of the mk gene in gastric carcinoma was significantly more prominent in well and MD adenocarcinomas than in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and signet ring cell carcinomas
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metabolic syndrome is a worldwide healthcare issue and a dominant risk factor for the OD of incurable diseases that affect the entire body the hepatic manifestations of this syndrome include nonalcoholic fatty CL disease nafld and its progressive variant nonalcoholic steatohepatitis nash the basic pathogenesis of nafldnash remains controversial because it is difficult to clarify the disease process of nash on the basis of metabolic syndrome alone to determine the pathogenesis and effective treatment an excellent rat of nash is required tsumura suzuki obese diabetes tsod male mice spontaneously develop diabetes mellitus obesity glucosuria HG and hyperinsulinemia without any special treatments such as gene manipulation in this T0 we examined the histopathological characteristics of visceral fat and CL of male tsod mice aged months and male tsumura suzuki nonobesity control mice aged months in the visceral fat enlargement of adipocytes and perivascular and pericapsular CD4+ lymphoid aggregation were observed in monthold mice abnormal expression of tumor CN factorα interleukin and lipid peroxidation endo products was observed in macrophages in the CL microvesicular steatosis hepatocellular ballooning and mallory bodies were observed in monthold mice with severity worsening with increasing time these pathological findings in the CL mimic those seen in patients with nash interestingly small liver nodules with high cellularity and absence of portal tracts were frequently observed T3 months most of them showed nuclear and structural atypia and mimicked HepG2 the degree of steatosis in the nontumor portions of the liver improved when the liver nodules developed these findings were not observed in control mice here we report that tsod male mice spontaneously developed nafld without any special treatment and that these mice are a valuable model for assessing nash and nash carcinogenesis owing to metabolic syndrome
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we examined the renal hemodynamic modifications induced by a selective angiotensin ii aii at receptor antagonist losartan in HT in this singleblind T0 renal hemodynamic parameters were determined twice patients were their own controls first after a day singleblind placebo runin period and again after a month LOS period the dosage of LOS was mgday glomerular filtration rate gfr inulin clearance renal plasma flow rpf paraaminohippurate pah clearance microalbuminuria sodium excretion proximal sodium tubular reabsorption lithium clearance and acid uric metabolism were measured after month LOS treatment systolic and diastolic bp sbp dbp decreased significantly throughout the min recording whereas HR rate hr was unchanged gfr vs mlmin m and rpf vs ml min m were not altered by LOS rather than occurrence of any modification in FF ff a significant decrease in microalbuminuria was evident vs mg h p urinary sodium excretion was not modified but an almost significant p decrease in PT sodium reabsorption was observed vs of filtered sodium the increase in renal uric clearance accounted for the significant decrease in SUA vs microm p T3 month LOS treatment renal function was well preserved the decrease in UA may be of clinical interest when adjuvent diuretic therapy is required
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PAR-2 par and mast cell mc mediators contribute to inflammatory and PET gastrointestinal disorders we aimed to characterize jejunal parmediated responses and the potential mc involvement in the early and late phases of a rat model of postinfectious gut dysfunction jejunal tissues of control and trichinella spiralisinfected and days postinfection rats treated or not with the mc stabilizer ketotifen were used histopathology and immunostaining were used to characterize inflammation par expression and mucosal and connective tissue mcs epithelial barrier CF hydroelectrolytic transport and permeability and motility were assessed in vitro in basal conditions and after par activation intestinal inflammation on day postinfection early phase was significantly resolved by day late phase although mc counts and epithelial permeability remained increased parmediated ion transport ussing chambers in vitro and epithelial surface par expression were reduced in the early phase with a trend toward normalization during the late phase in control conditions par activation organ bath induced biphasic motor responses relaxation followed by excitation at days postinfection spontaneous +dP/dt and parmediated relaxations were enhanced motor responses were normalized on day postinfectious changes in par functions were not affected by ketotifen treatment we concluded that in the rat model of ts infection alterations of intestinal par function and expression depend on the inflammatory phase considered a lack of a ketotifen effect suggests no interplay between mcs and parmediated motility and ion transport alterations these observations question the role of mc mediators in parmodulating postinfectious gut dysfunction
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receptor elements for biosensors based on hansenula polymorpha ncyc in yeast cells for ethanol CA were developed using two ways of cell immobilization ie physical adsorption on a glass fiber membrane and CB on a modified NCM the linear diapason of ethanol assays for a biosensor based on yeast cells adsorbed on glass fiber was for a biosensor based on yeasts immobilized on a nitrocellulose membrane mm receptor elements based on sorbed cells possessed times higher longterm stability the time response was times less for cells immobilized using deaedextran and benzochinone the results of ethyl alcohol assays using biosensors based on cells immobilized via adsorption and CB as well as using the standard areometric method had high rho coefficients and respectively for the two ways of immobilizatificantly p lower than that in fcontrols highfat diet group and was similar to that in controls ND group lascorbic acid enhanced significantly p the increases of total fecal weight and fecal fat excretion by chitosan the addition of lascorbic acid to psyllium husk did not differ from psyllium husk alone in terms of changes in weight gain plasma lipid C2 and fat pad weight we found that the addition of lascorbic acid to chitosan influenced the reduction in body WG and fer and the increase in total fecal weight and fecal fat excretion in guinea pigs fed a highfat diet
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a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in a yearold man is described the patient had diarrhoea faecal blood loss a proteinlosing enteropathy malabsorption of fat xylose and vitamin b coexistent hypopituitarism diabetes insipidus and hypothalamic dysfunction was demonstrated complete clinical recovery occurred with pituitary replacement therapy CT the association of this endocrine abnormality with the picture of eosinophilic gastroenteritis has not previously been described
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estrogen and androgen synergize in the regulation of various neuroendocrine functions to determine a potential cellular basis of this synergism we measured androgen receptor ar in the cytosol of hypothalamic and limbic nuclei and subregions in castrated male rats and castrated rats treated with estradiol androgen receptor was measured by a previously validated in vitro binding CA using the R1881 hr male SDRs g were castrated weeks before the implantation of a cm silastic capsule filled with crystalline betaestradiol control rats were sham implanted estrogen treatment lasted for week after which time the animals were killed their brains were frozen and sectioned and individual nuclei and subregions were removed by a tissue punch technique tissue from six rats were combined for each determination the highest C2 of ar were found in the ventromedial nucleus fmolmg protein MPO area fmolmg protein bed nucleus of the ST fmolmg protein LS fmolmg protein arcuate nucleusmedian eminence fmolmg protein and medial amygdala fmolmg protein estrogen treatment resulted in significant increases in ar in medial preoptic area fmolmg protein p less than and medial amygdala fmolmg protein p less than subsequent studies using blockdissected hypothalamuspreoptic area anterior pituitary and prostate revealed significant estrogenmediated elevations in ar in anterior PIT cytosol vs fmolmg protein control p less than but not in hypothalamuspreoptic area or prostate cytosols estrogen treatment had no effect on ar affinity the binding of hr was specific for ar and was not affected by the addition of radioinert progesterone to the incubation tube estimates of ar concentration were similar regardless of whether hr or hdihydrotestosterone was used as the ligand in this T0 we describe the distribution of ar throughout the hypothalamus and limbic Az using biochemical techniques in addition we have identified some cellular events that may mediate the synergistic actions of estrogen and androgen on the NE system
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multiview transgastric imaging was performed with standard single transverse plane transesophageal probes in patients to assess its potential additional value in defining the complexities of congenital heart disease the age of patients studied ranged from to years mean of years their body weight ranged from kg to kg mean of kg in all studies a complete range of transesophageal and transgastric views could be obtained the information thus obtained was correlated with the findings of prior precordial echocardiography and subsequent cardiac catheterization or surgical inspection the pathologic conditions studied included tetralogy of fallot isolated VVI septal defect valvular aortic stenosis subvalvular and valvular aortic stenosis supraaortic stenosis total atrioventricular septal defect secundum atrial septal defect doubleoutlet RA IVT doublechambered RA IVT and pulmonary atresia ventricular septal defect and superoinferior ventricles the singleplane data provided by transgastric scanning were compared and contrasted with that obtained from transesophageal scanning transgastric views were shown to be superior to transesophageal imaging in demonstrating the anatomy of the right VVI outflow tract the left VVI outflow tract and the apical and anterior aspects of the VS in addition these views offered a favorable angle of incidence for spectral wave doppler studies of flow in both outflow tracts we conclude that transverse plane transgastric imaging is an important addition to the transesophageal assessment of congenital cardiac disease its main additional benefit is in the study of lesions that involve either the RA or left VVI outflow tract or the anteroapical ventricular septum its main clinical value is likely to be in the DUE of the perioperative patient in whom diagnostic precordial imaging is frequently impossible
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it is the authors opinion that the size of chest burns on largebreasted women can be significantly underestimated especially if the methods of calculation rely on burn charts such as the lund and browder burns chart this latter chart is based on data derived from only three women and eight men the SA of the torsos of volunteers men smallbreasted women and largebreasted women was measured using two wellestablished techniques the torso SA was divided into two parts the anterior trunk and the posterior trunk ie torso SA posterior trunk anterior trunk the anterior trunk was subdivided and the area above the costal margins defined as the pectoral region these areas were measured separately for each individual the volunteers total body surface area was calculated using normograms based on their weight and height the area of each torso section was recorded as a percentage of the TBSA and torso surface area whereas the torso surface areatotal BS area ratio did not vary significantly between the CG the proportion of anterior to posterior trunk size did depend on the sex and on breast size there was a direct correlation between the womans bra cup size and the ratio of anteriortoposterior trunk surface area a simple chart was therefore derived that estimates the relative size of a womans torso surface area once her bra cup size is known such a chart can be used to improve accuracy in AD female chest burn estimation when used in conjunction with a burns chart breast burns in larger breasted women are underestimated when calculated using current burn charts we recommend that a correction be made when estimating chest burns in women to account for the increased surface area of the breasts a chart such as the one we have developed could be used in conjunction with a burn chart eg lund and browder to make this correction
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in this study we report the cloning recombinant expression and biochemical characterization of a HS cmpnacylneuraminic acid neuac synthetase from clostridium thermocellum atcc a high throughput ESI mass spectrometry esimsbased assay demonstrates that the enzyme has an absolute requirement for a divalent cation for activity and reaches maximum activity in the presence of mm mn the enzyme is active at ph in trishcl buffer and at degrees c and maximum activity is observed at ph and degrees c in the presence of mm dithiothreitol in addition to neuac the enzyme also accepts the analog nglycolylneuraminic acid neugc as a substrate the apparent michaelis constants for cytidine triphosphate and neuac or neugc are and microm respectively with corresponding turnover numbers of and s respectively an initial velocity T0 of the enzymatic reaction indicates an ordered bibi catalytic mechanism in addition to demonstration of a thermostable and substratetolerant enzyme confirmation of the biochemical CF of a gene for cmpneuac synthetase in c thermocellum also opens the question of the biological CF of cmpneuac in such nonpathogenic microorganisms
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the outcome of patients with multiple myeloma mm aged over years remains poor and the best therapeutic approach has still to be defined we compared the response toxicity and outcome of very elderly patients with mm receiving thalidomide dexamethasone and PLD thadd to those of patients matched for age international staging system iss and creatinine who received MEL prednisone thalidomide mpt thadd resulted in a significantly higher response or pr vs p and or vgpr vs p no statistical differences were detected in terms of median probability of PFS survival pfs and overall survival os between the two treatments patients treated with mpt had more neutropenia neuropathy and heart toxicity whereas TE resulted more frequently in patients receiving thadd therapy discontinuation occurred in and of patients treated with thadd and mpt respectively thadd can be considered a therapeutic option in very elderly patients with mm since it induces a faster and deeper response than that obtained with mpt having similar safety profile
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the critical power cp model includes two constants the cp and the w p w t cp the w is the finite work capacity available above cp power output above cp results in depletion of the w CR depletion of the w results in exhaustion monitoring the w may be valuable to athletes during training and competition our purpose was to develop a CF describing the dynamic state of the w during intermittent exercise
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nicotine replacement therapies nrt and a new drug bupropion are licensed in several countries as aids to smoking cessation general practitioners gps play a crucial role in recommending or prescribing these medications in the uk there has been discussion about whether the medications should be reimbursable by the national health service nhs this T0 assessed english gps attitudes towards reimbursement of nrt and bupropion
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we report the case of a healthy young man presenting with atypical NAP nap and reduced NCA but with no susceptibility to infection nap activity was low kinetic parameters were modified and immunoreactive properties and subcellular CSD were abnormal PMNL morphology was normal a similar pattern was observed in the patients healthy brother the profile of the observed anomalies offers some similarity to that previously described in patients with chronic myelogenous leukaemia however in the present case the nap deficiency with impaired PMNL function was present in two brothers with no haematological PS and is probably related to a nonacquired neutrophil abnormality this observation of a primary nap variant reinforces the hypothesis of a direct link between nap activity and PET properties of neutrophils
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synaptonemal complex CA are frequent in reconstructed meiotic prophase nuclei of neurospora crassa and neurospora intermedia three kinds of synaptonemal complex anomalies were seen lateral component splits lateral component junctions and multiple complexes the anomalies apparently are formed during or after the pairing process as they were not seen in the largely unpaired early zygotene chromosomes their presence at all the other substages from midzygotene to late pachytene indicates that they are not eliminated before the synaptonemal complex decomposes at diplotene abnormal synaptonemal complexes were seen in all crosses of n crassa and n intermedia that were examined including matings between standard laboratory strains inversions spore killers and strains collected from nature the frequency of affected nuclei and degree of abnormality within a nucleus varied in different matings no abnormalities were present in the homothallic species neurospora africana and neurospora terricola structural chromosome aberrations introgression and heterozygosity have been eliminated as causes for pairing disorder the abnormal SCs seemingly do not interfere with normal ascus development and ascospore formation the affected nuclei are not aborted during meiotic prophase nor are they eliminated by abortion of mature asci the abnormal meiocytes do not lead to aneuploidy as judged by the low frequency of white ascospores in crosses between wild type strains that have many abnormalities thus the abnormal synatonemal complexes do not appear to prevent chiasma formation between homologues
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the satisfactory management of facial paralysis T3 extirpative skull base surgery has been notoriously difficult to optimize physical and psychological recovery early perioperative use of polytef polytetrafluoroethylene ptfe facial suspension has been used in patients with either profound EP or anatomiund in a wide variety of organisms individual arps of saccharomyces cerevisiae were classified into arps based on the relatedness of their sequences and functions where arp is the most similar to actin and arp is the least similar while arps and their orthologs in other organisms are localized exclusively in the cytoplasm arp also known as act is localized in the nucleus and is involved in transcriptional regulation here we examined the more divergent arps for possible nuclear functions we show that arps are localized in the nucleus but arp is not the nuclear export signals identified in actin are well conserved in the cytoplasmic arps arps but less conserved in the nuclear arps GF chromatography experiments show that the nuclear arps are larger than monomer in size and thus are present in multiprotein complexes since nuclear protein complexes containing arps are found to be responsible for histone acetylation and chromatin CR it is suggested that most of the divergent arps are involved in the transcriptional regulation through chromatin modulation
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circular dichroism cd was used to T0 the complexes of dna in m nacl with two polypeptides considered as models of the histone molecules cd spectra in the region of dna absorption were studied with respect to the concentration used for annealing and to the molecular weight and composition of the dna used the properties of supernatants T3 centrifugation of aggregated complexes were examined the effect of selectively bound antibiotics actinomycin d and netropsin on cd sprectra of complexes was investigated the induced cd of proflavine molecules bound to dna in the various complexes was also studied it was concluded that changes in the cd spectra of dna in complexes with the polypeptides are due to the formation of chiral superstructures even if some conformational changes of dna molecules themselves may also be decisive in some cases the superstructure is affected by the composition of dna the role of g c rich segments being particularly important
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dimensional scores were computed for the dsmiii PDs pds in relatives of psychiatric patients and never ill control subjects interviewed with the structured interview for dsmiii PDs the CSD of scores for all pd dimensions was skewed to the RA a PCs analysis with varimax rotation produced three AF that closely corresponded to dsmiiis suggested clustering of the pds into eccentric dramatic and anxious types men scored significantly higher on the paranoid schizoid compulsive antisocial and narcissistic dimensions whereas women had significantly higher histrionic dependent and avoidant scores age was negatively correlated with mosgate whether alanine and pep might act synergistically to maintain a normal level of both red cell atp and diphosphoglycerate dpg under normal liquid storage conditions storage in the presence of alanine kept the red cell concentration of dpg higher than the REF solution for an extended period of time provided the initial ph was about degrees c when the ph of the storage solution containing alanine plus pep was lowered to facilitate the transport of pep into the red cells the concentration of dpg was lowered to a rate equal to that in the REF solution the level of atp was also about the same as in the reference solution the majority of the added pep was continuously converted to phosphoglycerate and phosphoglycerate in the extracellular fluid a small amount of unconverted pep penetrated the red CM when the ph went below this occurred after weeks of storage the intracellularly located pep however was not metabolized to dpg to any significant extent within the first weeks of storage these findings indicate that pep is not suitable as an additive for liquid storage of CRC at degrees c the combination of alanine and pep that theoretically could be a suitable additive for liquid storage of CRC was not satisfactory in practice
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we studied a yearold woman with severe therapyrefractory hyperlipidemia xanthomatosis and multiple myeloma immunoglobulin a lambda light chain the lipid disorder became evident about half a year prior to the expression of myelomatosis clinical symptoms were similar to those found in classical type iii hyperlipoproteinemia but the underlying metabolic defect was different from the one described in this primary DLP the patient has the heterozygous apolipoprotein e phenotype and her vldlcholesterolserumtriglyceride ratio is unusually low at evidence is given that the hyperlipoproteinemia is due to an impaired catabolism of intermediate density lipoproteins probably because of a reduced hepatic triglyceride lipase activity
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the peroxynitrite free radical onoo modulation of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents mepscs and spontaneous excitatory PSCs sepscs was investigated in rat ca pyramidal SN using the wholecell patch clamp technique sinmorpholinosydnonimine which can lead the simultaneous generation of superoxide anion and nitric oxide and then form the highly reactive species onoo induced dosedependent inhibition in amplitudes of both mepscs and sepscs the sin action on mepsc amplitude was completely blocked by u a selective mek inhibitor suggesting that mek contributed to the action of onoo on mepscs the effect of sin was completely occluded either in the presence of the calcium chelator egta or the nonselective calcium channel antagonist cd furthermore the application of nifedipine μm the ltype calcium channel blocker had no effect on the onooinduced decrease in mepsc amplitude excluding a role for ltype Kv ca channels in this process sin inhibited the frequency of sepscs but had no effect on mepsc frequency which suggested a presynaptic action potentialdependent the action of onoo at ca pyramidal neuron synapses the bestknown glutamatergic input to ca pyramidal neurons is via schaffer collaterals from ca area however no changes were observed in slices treated with sin on the spontaneous firing rates of ca pyramidal neurons these findings suggested that sin inhibited glutamatergic synaptic transmission of ca pyramidal SN by a postsynaptic nonltype Vc gated calcium channeldependent mechanism
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silent myocardial ischemia is highly prevalent in patients with endstage renal disease esrd and is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes however the criteria for coronary i.a. disease screening remain unclear in asymptomatic patients the goal of this T0 was to evaluate whether baseline echocardiographic parameters can predict MI in asymptomatic patients with esrd we investigated highrisk asymptomatic patients with esrd who underwent both echocardiography and MPS at the initiation of dialysis we defined the presence of myocardial ischemia as a reversible or fixed perfusion defect silent MI was found in highrisk asymptomatic patients with esrd at the initiation of dialysis in patients with myocardial ischemia left VVI lv end systolic BVI lv mass index left atrial BVI lavi and the ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to peak mitral annulus velocity were significantly higher and lv ejection fraction was significantly lower than those without myocardial ischemia MVA showed that lavi lv ejection fraction and regional wall motion abnormalities were independently associated with the presence of silent MI severe la enlargement was independently associated with the presence of silent MI odds ratio confidence interval p la enlargement is a potential marker for identifying patients with esrd at high risk of silent myocardial ischemia
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despite the recent identification of a number of ML proteins the major immunogenic determinants of this organism remain obscure we isolated from m leprae a potent immunostimulatory preparation designated the mlp fraction which contains a major protein of kilodaltons kda this protein was precipitated by monoclonal antibody mla which recognizes a kda protein of m leprae and by sera obtained from patients with lepromatous leprosy neither sera from healthy controls nor sera from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis recognized the kda protein and only one of four SS samples from patients with BL TT leprosy reacted with this protein the mlp fraction stimulated tcell proliferation in patients with leprosy whose TA proliferate in response to whole m leprae cells apparently the tcell epitope associated with mlp is also expressed on m tuberculosis and m bovis bcg since patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and bcgvaccinated individuals demonstrated significant responses to the mlp fraction the kda m leprae protein purified to homogeneity in the laboratory of p j brennan stimulated tcell proliferative responses in all mlpresponsive subjects these findings suggest that the kda protein present in mlp is an immunostimulatory component of m leprae in addition to serving as a useful probe for study of the tcell anergy associated with lepromatous disease this protein may ultimately be useful as a component of a vaccine designed to provide protection against infection with m leprae
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in sweetcorn zea mays l embryo zn is accumulated mainly as znphytate whereas endosperm zn is complexed with a n or scontaining ligand understanding the speciation of zn in crop plants helps improve the effectiveness of biofortification efforts kernels of four sweetcorn zea mays l varieties were analysed for zn concentration and content we also assessed the speciation of the zn in the embryo endosperm and pericarp in situ using synchrotronbased xray absorption spectroscopy the majority of the zn was in the endosperm and pericarp with the embryo contributing approximately of the zn in the embryo accumulated as znphytate whereas in the endosperm most of the zn was complexed with a n or scontaining ligand possibly as znhistidine and zncysteine this suggests that whilst the zn in the endosperm and pericarp is likely to be bioavailable for humans the zn in the embryo is of low BA this study highlights the importance of targeting the endosperm of sweetcorn kernels as the tissue for increasing bioavailable zn concentration
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to investigate the ability of fcgammariiipmn the gpianchored isoform of fcgammariii cd in polymorphonuclear WBCs pmn to mediate TM signaling events we measured changes in membrane potential with dioc and in intracellular calcium with indo fcgammar were ligated by antifcgammariii mab g igg and fab antifcgammarii mab iv igg and fab and human igg aggregates cell bound mabs were also crosslinked by goat fab antimouse igg g igg elicited a rapid change in cai which was unaffected by egta Vc toxin ct or bordetella pertussis toxin pt and was abolished by bapta univalent receptor binding with g fab gave no response but crosslinking with fav gam gave a rapid cai response neither iv fab iv igg nor crosslinking of iv fab elicited a calcium signal piplctreated pmn with the density of fcgammariiipmn reduced to that of fcgammarii showed an unattenuated change in cai with a g CS- the effects of igg aggregates paralleled those of g mab these data indicate that multivalent ligation of fcgammariiipmn initiates an increase in ca derived from intracellular stores that is distinct from both the fmlp and fcgammariiinduced responses liganddependent interaction with fcgammarii is not required since fcgammariiipmn can internalize the fcgammariiispecific probe con aopsonized e and lyse antifcgammariii heteroantibodyopsonized chick e this gpianchored molecule mediates both signal transduction and integrated cell responses
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in the rat activation of hydroxytryptaminea hta receptors causes HT and the ht syndrome the effects of three chemically dissimilar hta agonists administered sc hydroxydinpropylaminotetralin ohdpat gepirone and nmethoxychromanylnpropylaminobutylazaspiro decaneadione s on both of these responses were studied the same maximal drop in body temperature approximately degrees c was elicited by all three agonists ohdpat being the most potent ec mgkg followed by gepirone mgkg and s mgkg both pindolol a nonselective hta receptorbeta adrenoceptor antagonist and ntbutylmethoxyphenylpiperazinylphenylpropionamid e way a more selective hta receptor antagonist dose dependently att the HT induced by all three agonists from these data we inferred that all three agonists caused hypothermia via activation of hta receptors the syndrome was observed reliably in rats at doses of to mgkg ohdpat doses up to mgkg of gepirone or s did not produce the syndrome in reserpinepretreated animals ohdpat maximal effect at mgkg and methoxynndimethyltryptamine meodmt mgkg induced forepaw treading whereas gepirone mgkg and s mgkg did not way competitively antagonized the forepaw treading caused by ohdpat in reserpinepretreated rats this indicates that forepaw treading like HT is mediated by activation of hta receptors gepirone mgkg att the forepaw treading induced by either ohdpat mgkg or meodmt mgkg by contrast s at doses up to mgkg did not attenuate the forepaw treading induced by either ohdpat or meodmt the inability of s either to induce the ht syndrome or forepaw treading or to attenuate the forepaw treading induced by other agonists could be due to several AF one of which is that different subtypes of the hta receptor mediate HT and the ht syndrome
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three derivatives of ouabain have been synthesized which alkylate the digitalis receptor these derivatives were formed through reductive amination of pnitrophenyltriazene npt ethylenediamine to the periodateoxidized rhamnose moiety of ouabain the noncovalent IB of the ouabain derivatives nptouabain designated i ii and iii was followed i by their ability to inhibit the activity of sodium and potassiumactivated atpase nakatpase purified from the EO of electrophorus electricus ii by the binding of hnptouabain i to the enzyme and iii by the inhibition of houabain binding with unlabeled nptouabain i covalent modification of the digitalis site of nakatpase occurs T3 long periods of time at ph degrees c the best alkylating derivative nptouabain i gives maximum covalent labeling T3 h only the large polypeptide chain mr of the purified enzyme is specifically labeled with hnptouabain i while the glycoprotein chain mr is not significantly labeled labeling of a microsomal fraction of the EO with hnptouabain i gave the same type of gel DP as that observed with the purified enzyme hnptouabain i was also used to label the digitalis receptor in highly purified axonal CM and in cardiac membranes prepared from embryonic chick heart although the nakatpase in both types of CM has a low affinity for ouabain hnptouabain i proved to be a very efficient affinity label for the digitalis receptor in the complex mixture of polypeptides found in these membrane S9 only a single polypeptide chain having a mr is specifically labeled by hnptouabain i
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hyperoxia contributes to the OD of BPD bpd in human preterm infants and a similar lung phenotype characterized by alveolar simplification in P0 mice omeprazole om is a proton pump inhibitor that is used to treat humans with gastric acid related disorders ommediated Ah receptor ahr activation attenuates acute hyperoxic lung injury hli in AD mice whether om activates pulmonary ahr and protects cblj newborn mice against hyperoxiainduced developmental lung AM and pulmonary vascular simplification inflammation and oxidative AS injury hdli is unknown therefore we tested the hypothesis that om will activate pulmonary ahr and mitigate hdli in P0 mice newborn mice were treated daily with ip injections of om at doses of om or om mgkg while being exposed to air or hyperoxia fio of for days following which their lungs were harvested to determine alveolarization pulmonary vascularization inflammation oxidative AS V1 injury and ahr activation to our surprise hyperoxiainduced alveolar and pulmonary vascular simplification inflammation oxidative AS and vascular injury were augmented in omtreated animals these findings were associated with attenuated pulmonary VE growth factor receptor expression and decreased pulmonary ahr activation in the om group we conclude that contrary to our hypothesis om decreases PET activation of pulmonary ahr and potentiates hdli in P0 mice these observations are consistent with our previous findings which suggest that ahr activation plays a protective role in hdli in P0 mice
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salmonella typhimurium a NTS is an unusual cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis sbp it is usually reported in asymptomatic patients with normal or high ascitic fluid protein C2 with underlying IS as high opsonic activity in the ascitic fluid of these patients protects them from the usual organisms causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis unless they are exposed to a particularly virulent organism like salmonella we report a case of cultureproven nontyphoidal salmonella in a patient with decompensated cirrhosis with low protein and without any underlying immunosuppression and no other source to explain its origin
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Epi composite electrode and isochronal mapping were used in this study to detect VVI LPs and VVI activity sequence during SR and VTs dogs were studied before and during acute ischemia induced by coronary artery ligation dogs days T3 twostage ligation of the LAD the effect of lidocaine and verapamil on vlp and reentrant ventricular arrhythmias was studied the results demonstrated that VAs occurred right after ligation and days later after ligation were related to the reentry in infarct myocardia zone the inhomogeneous conduction and dispersive refractory period provided a suitable milieu for reentry reentrant excitation always occurred in a figure configuration and delayed depolarization and continuous activation were reflected as vlps at composite electrode lidocaine in therapeutic dose prolonged the vlps and interval of vvlp the effect of lidocaine on the ischemic zone was directly related to its ability to abolish reentrant VAs verapamil shortened the vlps and interval of vvlp so the action of slowresponse action potentials could not be excluded further T0 should be performed in order to demonstrate the precise mechanism of vlp
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pediatric patients often have poor pregnancy outcomes SVR lupus erythematosus predominantly impacts women in their second to fourth decade of life with CO disease being particularly aggressive reproductive issues are an important clinical consideration for pediatric patients with SVR lupus erythematosus sle as maintaining good disease control and planning a pregnancy are important for maternal and fetal outcomes in this clinical review we will consider the safety of medications in managing childhoodonset sle during conception pregnancy and breastfeeding the developing fetus is at highest risk for teratogenicity from maternal medications during the period of critical organogenesis which occurs between the first weeks following conception medications known to be teratogenic leading to a specific DP of malformations include mycophenolic acid methotrexate and cyclophosphamide these should be discontinued prior to a planned pregnancy or as soon as pregnancy is suspected hydroxychloroquine is safe and should be continued throughout pregnancy and BF in those without contraindications to it azathioprine and calcineurin inhibitors are felt to be compatible with pregnancy in usual doses and may be used prior to and throughout pregnancy and lactation nonfluorinated CSs including methylprednisolone and prednisone are inactivated by the placenta and can be used if needed for maternal indication during gestation addition of aspirin may be considered around the th week of gestation for prevention of preeclampsia illustrative cases are presented that demonstrate management of adolescents with childhoodonset sle through conception pregnancy and BF
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to establish the diagnostic criteria for myocardial ischemia HM and coronary angiography were performed on cases males years females years these patients were retrospectively selected from about patients who had the holter monitorings from to the criteria for the entry were reliable trend recordings of heart rate and reliable recording of st trend with accurate mv calibration the coronary stenosis greater than in diameter was considered to be significant results were as follows st trend pattern was classified into typical type atypical type and box type there were no significant differences in the incidence of typical and atypical types between ischemic and nonischemic CG diagnostic accuracy of the criteria for MI that is the horizontal or downsloping st segment depression with mv at the point of msec from the j point lasting for minute was higher in male than in female the sensitivity was and the specificity was for men respectively whereas the sensitivity was and the specificity was for women respectively diagnostic accuracy of the stheart rate ratio was for the sensitivity and for the specificity indicating an improvement of specificity maximal st segment depression was accompanied by pain by in true positive group significant st segment depression with significant CS whereas that was in false positive group significant st segment depression without significant coronary stenosis comparison of the degree of maximal st segment depression duration and frequency between computer and manual measurement showed a good rho for the degree of maximal st segment depression whereas the duration and the frequency showed no significant correlations the above results suggest that combined evaluation of the st segment depression criteria downsloping or horizontal st segment depression greater than mm at the point of msec from the j point and the stheart rate criteria microvbeatsmin is useful for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia using HM
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in a nationwide survey on OP carcinoma in the netherlands patients with a tonsillar carcinoma were retrospectively studied the records of men and women with a median age of yr range who had squamous cell carcinoma patients or undifferentiated carcinoma patients were reviewed with respect to treatment DSS and LRC distribution by stage according to the uicc system was patients stage i stage ii stage iii stage iv and patients unknown stage using a previously reported revised staging system the following CSD was obtained patients stage i stage ii stage iii stage iv and patients with an unknown stage treatment consisted of RT in patients surgery and radiotherapy in surgery CT in chemotherapy in and patients did not receive any treatment at yr the overall survival was the DSS and the locoregional control in patients treated with RT the diseasespecific survival was for surgery and radiotherapy and for surgery alone the diseasespecific survival according to uicc stage was in stage i in ii in iii and in stage iv p in the revised staging the survival figures were in stage i in ii in iii and in iv p the two staging systems appeared to be comparable in prognostic discrimination the clinical relevance of the revised stage might however be slightly superior toalities and of those clinically unaffected morphologically hemorrhagic lesions were the most common other common findings included spongiosis axonal swelling and loss and myelin degeneration VWM hemorrhages in the spinal cord were generally more numerous and extensive than those affecting the gray matter however GM hemorrhage was associated with increasing disease severity brain lesions were present in of pigs and were most frequent in fatalities cerebellar and BB stem hemorrhages were the most common brain lesions the molecular SL of the cerebellum appeared particularly susceptible pigs were chosen because of their cardiovascular and gas exchange similarities to humans the clinical and histopathologic features of the pig model were compared with previous accounts in animals and humans the model was judged analogous to severe human decompression illness the finding of occult BB and cord lesions in clinically unaffected pigs is discussed the model provides a useful tool for the study of dysbaric lesions of the CNS system its noninvasive nature may facilitate the T0 of NS injury and repair processes
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twentyseven adult nigerian patients with endoscopically proven AS duodenal ulcers have received in a doubleblind trial either the histamine h receptor antagonist cimetidine g daily or PL tablets of identical appearance for weeks fiftysix per cent of the cimetidine patients and of those receiving PL had endoscopically CR healed ulcers and total PR at the completion of trial this response amounted to clinical cure an additional of patients in the cimetidine group experienced clinical improvement either in endoscopic or symptomatic reassessment but not in both thus leading to a disparity between clinical cure rate healing rate and pain relief though therefore significantly better than placebo this less favourable response to cimetidine in this study may be due to the short trial period the disparity between healing and PR rates or to coexisting and persistent antroduodenitis in ulcer patients as shown on gastroduodenal mucosal biopsies taken at the time of the clinical investigation there were no untoward clinical laboratory SE with the exception of the one cimetidine patient who experienced diarrhoea and a small number who showed slight asymptomatic rise in PCr level of particular interest to the reported occurrence of diarrhoea with cimetidine therapy is the finding in the bacteriological studies of intestinal aspirates and biochemistry estimations for indicanuria in the consenting patients which showed that orally administered cimetidine g daily for weeks neither produced demonstratable alterations in the bacterial content of the SB not pathological indicanuria thereby excluding bacterial overgrowth syndrome as a therapeutic hazard in the clinical application of cimetidine
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cholestasis may result either from a disturbance of the systems responsible for solute transport into the bile canaliculi for example the na and katpase system or from an alteration of cLPM MV for example that resulting from microfilament dysfunction evidence that both mechanisms operate is drawn from the analysis of exp cholestasis induced by oestrogen cytochalasinb and phalloidin
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dopaminecontaining vesicles were isolated from the Cd nucleus of the pig by differential centrifugation and incubated with cserotonin cht cgammaaminobutyric acid cgaga cdopamine or chistamine at degrees c the uptake of cht and cgaba was enhanced by atp and magnesium the km for the uptake of cht in the presence of atp and magnesium was x m that of cgaba x m chistamine was also taken up into the vesicles but its uptake was not incluenced by atp and magnesim the atpmagnesiumdependent uptake of cht and cgaba was abolished at degrees c at degrees c the accumulation of cgaba in the presence of atp and magnesium reached a Css after min while the accumulation of cht reached a maximum after min of incubation and then gradually declined osmotic lysis of the LDV followed by sonication abolished the enhanced uptake of cgaba cht and cdopamine in the presence of atp and magnesium determination of the endogenous contents of the vasicles revealed pmoles per mg protein for ht and nmoles per mg protein for gaba it is concluded that the Cd nucles preparation used in this T0 contains not only dopaminestoring LDV able to take up biogenic amines but also gabacontaining LDV which take up gaba by an atpmagnesiumdependent process
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phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins pitps comprising five members in the human genome are implicated in the nonvesicular traffic of phosphatidylinositol pi between intracellular membranes and the plasma membrane three members of the pitp family pitpα pitpβ and rdgbβ retinal degeneration type b alt name pitpnc are present as single domain proteins and two rdgbαi and rdgbαii alt name pitpnm and pitpnm are present as multidomain proteins with the pitp domain located at the nterminus the hallmark of pitp proteins is to extract pi molecules from a membrane sequester in its binding pocket and deposit the lipid to CM pitps regulate the synthesis of phosphoinositides ppis either by delivery of the substrate pi to specific membrane compartments or by potentiating the MICs of the lipid kinases or both in the CS of recent studies we propose that pitps are regulators of phosphoinositide pathways by recruitment to CM through specific protein interactions to promote molecular exchange between closely opposed membranes ie at membrane contact sites individis before transplantation and to assess the influence of fgf in the development of posttransplantation hypophosphatemia
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hospitalization in patients with systolic heart failure is associated with morbidity mortality and cost myocardial sympathetic innervation imaged by imetaiodobenzylguanidine imibg has been associated with cardiac events in a recent multicenter study the present analysis explored the relationship between imibg imaging findings and hospitalization
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new flatpanel direct digital radiography equipment has recently been installed in our A&E department its characteristics and versatility are well suited to the work undertaken in this environment the aim of this T0 was to compare radiation doses to patients undergoing standard radiographic examinations using conventional screenfilm radiography CR and direct digital radiography ESD and effective dose were calculated for six standard examinations a total of projections using standard patient SE parameters for the three imaging modalities it was found that doses for computed radiography all examinations were higher than the doses for the other two modalities effective doses for direct digital radiography were approximately and approximately lower than those for screenfilm radiography and computed radiography respectively the image quality met the criteria in the EU guidelines for all modalities
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the first second and third S3 segments of human spinal cords were examined in order to localize and describe onufs nucleus x the nucleus was found to be situated in the ventral horn of the segments s and s only in very few spinal cords did it extend into s a significant variation in the length of the nucleus was observed based on the cytoarchitecture the nucleus could be divided in three parts a cranial a dorsomedial and a ventrolateral all parts of the nucleus consisted of chromatinrich mediumsized SN and apparent direct appositions between different cells bodies as well as between cell bodies and large dendrites were observed characteristic findings in the neuropil surrounding the nucleus were the sparsity of myelinated fibers and the presence of dendritic bundles the present observations are compared to the descriptions of a morphologically similar nucleus in exp animals and a high degree of resemblance is found as this nucleus in the experimental animals has been demonstrated to innervate muscles of the pelvic floor including the striated sphincters of the urethra and the anus it is suggested that the human onufs nucleus x has the same CF
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we studied asymptomatic children years T3 a mustard operation fifteen children had SR on all electrocardiograms made during followup only had normal hour holter recordings throughout followup had periods of SVT tachycardia and had periods of atrial flutter the electrophysiological evaluation of SN function was normal in of the children who were studied the behavior of the atrial myocardium was electrophysiologically abnormal in most of the children atrioventricular node CF on the contrary was normal in nearly all of the children eleven children had normal hemodynamics four had severe or CR obstruction of the SVC had a severe pulmonary venous obstruction had a severe left VVI outflow tract one and had a large lefttoright shunt only children had normal hemodynamic and EP studies we conclude that the absence of PS and a normal routine examination of children a long time T3 a mustard operation does not exclude hemodynamic and electrophysiological abnormalities which can sometimes be severe in view of these disappointing results we decided to replace the mustard operation with the arterial switch operation in children with TGA
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upregulation of slca genes that encode gl transporter glut protein is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers in CC studies reporting the association between overexpression of glut and poor clinical outcomes were flawed by small sample sizes or subjective interpretation of immunohistochemical IF here we analyzed mrna expressions in all slca genes and evaluated the association with prognosis in CC using data from the CA genome atlas tcga DB
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coronary catheterization using a transradial RPA has become a common procedure as the risks of local complications are low and this procedure affords relatively expeditious postprocedural patient mobilization access site complicationssuch as radial i.a. spasm hematoma and compartment syndromehave been reported in the literature however cases of complex regional pain syndrome crps of the hand related to the procedure are extremely rare we describe a case of type ii crps affecting the hand after a transradial coronary intervention that was complicated by repeated periprocedural arterial punctures in this case a yearold woman underwent a percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of unstable angina after successful completion of the procedure the patient complained of severe pain along the median and radial nerve distributions and resulting disability of the RA hand although subsequent DS showed no CA a nerve conduction study uncovered injury to multiple nerves on the right a diagnosis of type ii crps was then made and the patient was treated with a nerve block as well as multiple medical modalities this case demonstrates a very unusual complication resulting from the transradial RPA to percutaneous coronary MI
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malnutrition has been shown to affect clinical outcomes in patients with HF the aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of malnutrition and to assess its prognostic significance in patients with advanced HR failure ahf being evaluated for left VVI assist device lvad or cardiac SPK based on nutrition status as assessed by the mini nutritional assessment mna
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long term survival for the cases of trisomy into over a first decade is very rare we reported here the case of a yearold male karyotype with full type of trisomy in this clinical phenomenon the case had typical facial finger and limb anomalies for trisomy arterial septal defect and PDA were recognized using ultrasonography after birth L1 CBF malformation such as HPE or cerebellar hypoplasia were also not revealed T3 months of his age AV therapy for dyspnea associated with laryngomalacia was required a tracheotomy was performed at months of his age T3 years old intractable partial epilepsy was recognized for his PS a treatment with a combination of two antiepileptic drugs valproic acid and levetiracetam were advised now he is alive for yearsold and he is the th longest surviving patient with full karyotype of trisomy
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in biomedical research hierarchical models are very widely used to accommodate dependence in multivariate and longitudinal data and for borrowing of information acrosspain swelling and tenderness to palpation the lesion has a predilection for the metaphysis of long bones of the LE most commonly in the proximal tibial metaphysis patients often present in their second or third decade of life although some reports have included a younger average age sporadic reports of CMF in the spine are found in the literature this article presents the second case of a CMF of the LS in a pediatric patient along with a literature review with emphasis on recurrence rates and malignant transformation
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the article explores the symbolic structure of the baladi traditional cultural system as revealed in everyday narratives with a focus on baladi curative action the everyday illness narrative provides a cultural window to the principles of fluidity and restorative balance of baladi curative practices the body is seen as a dynamic organism through which both foreign objects and physiological entities can move the body should be in balance as with any humorallyinfluenced system and so baladi cures aim to restore normal balance and functioning of the body the article examines in detail a narrative on treatment of a sick child and another on treatment of fertility problems it traces such cultural oppositions as insider outsider authenticinauthentic home remedycosmopolitan medicine in the social as well as the medical arena these themes organize socialmedical judgements about correct actioal networks or to the interactions occurring among these arenas an ecological MM is suggested as the most useful perspective for enhancing our understanding of the impact of childhood CA on the child family and community much of what is already known about how cancer and its treatment affect children and families is consistent with the propositions of an ecological model the transactional reciprocal and interdependent nature of coping behaviors within a family system is perhaps the most obvious indicant of the need for multiple perspectives for understanding how families respond to the pressures of a chronic but possibly lifethreatening illness an ecological approach is timely therefore in that there is a need for psychological research and intervention directed beyond the immediate context of treatment to D2 levels of SI and social systems
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based on the three known proposed pathways for the unimolecular decomposition of rdx we have formulated the rate equations a kinetic monte carlo code has been developed and used to simulate the unimolecular decomposition of rdx based on these equations the kmc simulations allow one to explore each of the decomposition pathways individually and also the three competing pathways at a specified temperature and pressure the pressure dependence is incorporated using lindemanns formalism the code is validated by reproducing the species evolution along each pathway amongst the three proposed pathways the most likely path of rdx decomposition and the time evolution of various molecular species at different ambient temperatures and pressures are obtained an analytical model has been developed to reproduce the decomposition pathways which matches the simulation results
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to define the clinical characteristics prognosis and treatment of myocardial infarction mi in the elderly we retrospectively compared the files of patients aged or years mean years and of others aged or years mean years the figures corresponding to younger patients are presented in brackets the elderly group included women p HT p diabetics p and sm p of the elderly had a history of mi p of arteriopathy of the lower limbs p and of cerebrovascular accident p elderly patients were admitted T3 an average of hours hours p only reported typical mi pain had a painless form an initial LVF a global cardiac dysfunction and a cardiogenic shock p for all comparisons had an anterior mi p a qform p ns and an atrial fibrillation p SS myoglobin and total ck concentrations were significantly lower in elderly subjects of them received betablockers aspirin oral anticoagulant but were given diuretics and digitalis alkaloids and positive inotropic drugs p for all these comparisons heparin nitrates calcium channel blockers ace inhibitors and antiarrhythmics were prescribed as often regardless of age only elderly patients were treated with thrombolytics p underwent coronary angiography p angioplasty and one CABG surgery elderly patients died while in hospital suddenly in CS and due to arrhythmias cases of HF recurrences of coronamore susceptible than doberman alsatian and mongrels a total of dogs with natural dermatitis were examined during the year period and of the dogs were found to have demodicosis out of these dogs had localised lesions and had generalised lesions the T0 revealed that dogs up to year of age are more frequently affected than dogs of years and above years of age there was no difference between the susceptibility of male and female dogs the prevalence was high in tibetan apso as compared to doberman alsatian and mongrels
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classic galactosemia is caused by impaired galactosephosphate uridyltransferase galt ec if discovered and treated within the first days of life the acute problems of hepatocellular damage sepsis and death are prevented however chronic problems such as ataxia tremor dyspraxic speech and ovarian failure may occur to determine whether screening newborns before discharge from the nursery for galt deficiency is feasible and whether acute and chronic signs could be prevented by earlier MI we developed a simplified breath test we quantitated total body oxidation of cdgalactose to co in expired air by normal newborns between h and mo of age and compared their results to older children with galt deficiency we found no differences in total body Gal oxidation tbgo among normal newborns up to h of age but a fold rise in tbgo developed during their first wk of life older children with galactosemia had significantly less oxidative capacity than normal newborns we conclude that P0 breath testing for total body Gal oxidation is feasible before discharge from nursery it has potential utility for both preventing acute neonatal toxicity and determining the mechanisms producing LT complications such as ovarian failure dyspraxia ataxia and tremors
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cardiorespiratory arrest outside hospital occurs in approximately children per year in resourcerich countries with twothirds of arrests occurring in children under months of age approximately of cases have undetermined causes including sudden infant death syndrome of the rest are caused by trauma by chronic disease and by pneumonia
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we developed two methods for stableisotope labeling of proteins by CF synthesis firstly we applied cellfree synthesis to the dual amino acidselective cn labeling method originally developed for in vivo systems by kainosho and coworkers for this purpose we took one of the advantages of a cellfree protein synthesis system the amino acidselective stableisotope labeling is free of the isotope scrambling problem the targets of selective observation were thr and ser in the effector region residues of the ras protein complexed with the rasbinding domain of craf raf rbd the total molecular mass is about kda using a ml escherichia coli cellfree system which was optimized to produce about mg of ras protein per ml reaction with mg each of dlcproline and lnthreonine we obtained about mg of ras protein as the prothr CS is unique in the ras protein the thr cross peak of the rasraf rbd complex was unambiguously identified by the d hn hnco experiment the ser crostestinal absorption of calcium is the primary event causing idiopathic hypercalciuria thus a low calcium diet appears to be a straightforward strategy in calcium stone formers with hypercalciuria hcsf however the efficacy of such a regimen has never been established and lowering calcium NI from to mgday further enhances calcitriol production on a diet chronically restricted in calcium many stone formers increase their NI of animal flesh protein the latter is known to increase renal mass and calcitriol levels indeed are positively correlated with renal mass in animals as well as in hcsf thus low calcium and high animal flesh protein consumption are independent stimuli for further upregulation of calcitriol production the rise in calcitriol suppresses parathyroid hormone synthesis thereby diminishing renal tubular calcium reabsorption and increasing urinary calcium losses since calcitriol upregulation also increases bone resorption the combination of low calcium and high protein intake is particularly likely to induce negative calcium balance and thus osteopenia finally low calcium intake carries the risk of insufficient intestinal IB of oxalate with subsequent increases in intestinal absorption and urinary excretion of Ox indeed most recent studies suggest that high amounts of calcium when ingested simultaneously with oxalatecontaining meals are able to prevent hyperoxaluria during severe oral oxalate loading
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symptom severity affects disease transmission both by impacting contact rates as well as by influencing the probability of transmission given contact this involves a tradeoff between these two AF as increased symptom severity will tend to decrease contact rates but increase the probability of transmission given contact as pathogen shedding rates increase with symptom severity this paper explores this tradeoff between contact and transmission given contact using a simple compartmental susceptibleinfectedrecovered type MM under mild assumptions on how contact and transmission probability vary with symptom severity we give sufficient biologically intuitive criteria for when the R0 varies nonmonotonically with symptom severity multiple critical points are possible we give a complete characterization of the region in parameter space where multiple critical points are located in the special case where contact rate decreases exponentially with symptom severity we consider a multistrain version of the model with CR crossimmunity and no superinfection in this model we prove that the CS with highest basic reproduction number drives the other strains to extinction this has both evolutionary and epidemiological implications including the possibility of an intervention paradoxically resulting in increased infection prevalence
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the last two decades have witnessed that flowassisted analysis of in vitroactivated basophils can constitute a valuable adjunct in the in vitro diagnostic approach of immediate drug HSRs idhr this article summarises the current experience with the basophil activation test in the diagnosis of idhr with particular focus on allergy to curarising NMB agents antibiotics βlactams and fluoroquinolones iodinated radiocontrast media and opiates
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remodelling of the plasma membrane cytoarchitecture is crucial for the regulation of epithelial cell adhesion and permeability in MDCK cells the protein ahnak relocates from the cytosol to the cytosolic surface of the BPM during the formation of cellcell contacts and the OD of epithelial polarity this targeting is reversible and regulated by cadependent cellcell adhesion at the plasma membrane ahnak associates as a multimeric complex with actin and the annexin sa complex the sa subunit serves to mediate the interaction between annexin and the coohterminal RD of ahnak downregulation of both annexin and sa using an annexin specific small interfering rna inhibits the association of ahnak with BPM in madindarby canine kidney cells downregulation of ahnak using ahnakspecific si rna prevents cortical actin CSK reorganization required to support cell height we propose that the interaction of ahnak with the annexin sa regulates cortical actin CSK organization and CM cytoarchitecture
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the two vertebral arteries are usually unequal in size the left one being generally larger than the right one it is not clear why this asymmetry exists one of the hypotheses is that this asymmetry is related to the V1 requirements of the BB to support this statement we investigated the rho between a dominant left vertebral artery and righthandedness and vice versa no rho between differences in vertebral artery diameter and hand dominance was found hence the hypothesis that a dominant left vertebral artery is associated with righthandedness and vice versa cannot be confirmed
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the influences of sex age exercise intensity and endtidal co on the inspiratory drive vt kg x ti and respiratory timing ti x ttot components of ventilation were examined in youth females males similarly distributed years of age ventilatory and metabolic measures were collected breathbybreath at rest and during a slow walk km h fast walk km h and run km h regression modeling for drive age sex and petco found that sex was significant r p for rest and running but not walking compared to rest drive increased by for the slow walk for the fast walk and for the run p drive decreased with age p rest ml kg s year slow walk ml kg s year fast walk ml kg s year and run ml kg s year in the regression models for timing sex provided approximately of the variance during the run but was not significant during rest or walking timing increased with exercise intensity by approximately units p but decreased by approximately unistal of the nail matrix are transverse or short oblique in orientation a flap of some kind is needed to restore the contact surface of the pulp many alternative reconstructive strategies are possible but have inherent limitations that detract from the quality of the final result inadequate padding lack of sensibility excessive tension hook nail deformity poor durability and donor site morbidity are but some of the considerations although not a panacea for all distal fingertip amputations the antegradeflow homodigital neurovascular pedicle flap offers a good ratio of advantages to disadvantages as with all flaps knowledge and execution of the details largely determine the outcome
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decayaccelerating factor daf and complement receptor related geneprotein y crry are two membraneanchored complement regulatory proteins in rodent although both proteins are broadly distributed and exert complement regulation at the same steps of the complement cascade daf KO mice are viable whereas crry KO mice die in utero as a result of maternal complement attack the latter outcome has prevented the dissection of overlapping functions of daf and crry in adult mouse tissues in vivo by crossing female dafcrryc mice with male dafcrryc mice we circumvented maternal complement attack during fetal OD and generated viable dafcrryc mice to address the consequence of dafcrry double deficiency dafcrryc mice were born at the expected frequency and survived to adulthood however they were found to have greatly reduced SVR complement activity due at least in part to spontaneous c activation and consumption plasma c proteins in dafcrryc mice were of that of wildtype mice and serum complement activity as assessed by zymosan and immune complex c opsonization assays was reduced in dafcrryc mice remarkably despite greatly reduced systemic complement activity dafcrryc mice developed more severe PU after induction of NTS nephritis as compared with dafcrryc and dafcrryc littermate controls the results highlight the critical and overlapping role of crry and daf in vivo in preventing complement activation and tissue injury
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cytomegalovirus secondary envelopment occurs in a virusinduced cytoplasmic assembly compartment vac generated via a drastic reorganization of the membranes of the sec and endocytic systems dynamin is a eukaryotic gtpase that is implicated in membrane CR and endocytic membrane fission events however the role of dynamin in cellular trafficking of viruses beyond virus entry is only partially understood MEFs mef engineered to excise all three isoforms of dynamin were infected with mouse cytomegalovirus mcmvk immediateearly ie m viral protein was detected in these triple dynamin knockout tko cells as well as in mockinduced parental mef at early times postinfection although C2 were reduced in tko cells indicating that virus entry was affected but not eliminated levels of ie protein and another viral early protein m were normalized by h postinfection however late protein m gb expression was reduced in infected tko cells compared to parental mef ultrastructural analysis revealed intact stages of nuclear virus maturation in both cases with equivalent numbers of nucleocapsids containing packaged viral dna ccapsids indicating successful viral dna replication CA assembly and genome psi most importantly severe defects in virus envelopment were visualized in tko cells but not in parental cells dynamin inhibitor dynasoretreated mef showed a phenotype similar to tko cells upon mouse CMV confirming the role of dynamin in late maturation processes in summary dynaminmediated endocytic pathways are critical for the completion of cytoplasmic stages of cytomegalovirus maturation
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polyurethane is a good matrix material with wide application prospects in tissue engineering because of its adjustable and mechanical properties a novel biodegradable crosslinked PET URE cpu with flexible polycaprolactone pcl and hydrophilic PE glycol peg components has been synthesized using a Fe3+ catalyst in our laboratory in the present T0 to promote the interaction between the cpu material and cells the material was superficially modified by silk fibroin sf grafting using an aminolysis and glutaraldehyde crosslinking method to achieve a biocompatible material cpusf considering the esophagealspecific architecture three types of scaffolds were fabricated s was a cpusf channel μm in diameter and μm in depth with μm of wall thickness to support muscle regeneration s was the decellularized matrix of the esophageal mucosasubmucosa obtained by enzyme treatment and s was a combination of s and s aiming to promote esophageal regeneration with histological structure and CF the biological properties and functions of the materials and scaffolds were investigated by qualitative and quantitative analyses using scanning electron microscopy immunofluorescence IF cell adhesion and proliferation measurements and western blotting technology the results showed that esophageal smooth muscle cells smcs and epithelial cells ecs were very well supported by the scaffolds in particular smcs exhibited guided directional growth and ecs infiltrated the acellular mucosa with retained biological functions when cocultured on the composite scaffold s these findings suggest that the composite bionic scaffold will be a good alternative for esophageal replacement
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porous scaffolds composed of gelatin and betaglucan were prepared using the freezedrying method the scaffold had an interconnected pore structure with average pore size of microm results for the CA and cell att revealed that a high gelatin content was suitable for cellular attachment and CSD in two or threedimensional fibroblast cultures because the gelatin had acidic residues and RGD groups to prepare a stratified wound dressing to mimic the normal human skin fibroblasts and keratinocyte cells were isolated from a childs foreskin and were cocultured in gelatinbetaglucan scaffolds were crosslinked using ethyldimethylaminopropyl carbodiimide hydrochloride an in vivo study showed that T3 week the artificial dermis containing the fibroblasts enhanced the reepithelialization of a fullthickness skin defect rather than the acellular scaffold
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to compare the sensitivity specificity and adverse event profile of glyceryl trinitrate HUT with isoprenaline HUT in the diagnosis of VVS in patients with unexplained syncope and healthy controls
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we report on a retrospective analysis of eight episodes of toxic methaemoglobinaemia in seven premature infants T3 the combined SE to prilocaine by emla cream mg prilocaine and caudal anaesthesia mgkg prilocaine the causative relationship between prilocaine and the infants deterioration came to our attention through an anonymous voluntary incidentreporting system the highest methaemoglobin concentration found was h T3 anaesthesia all infants were symptomatic mottled skin paleness cyanosis poor peripheral perfusion and two were exposed to unnecessary diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for unspecified deterioration in their conditions pharmacokinetic DUE indicated a single compartment firstorder beta with a methaemoglobin halflife of h normal C2 werl receptor for the serine proteinase uPA upar cd regulates plasminogen activation and cell migration adhesion and proliferation upar occurs in functionally distinct membraneanchored and soluble isoforms supar in vitro and in vivo recent evidence indicates that supar present in the circulation of CA patients correlates with RT malignancy and represents a valuable prognostic marker in certain types of CA we have therefore analyzed the mechanism of upar shedding in vitro we present evidence that upar is actively released from ovarian cancer cells since the rate of receptor shedding did not correlate with upar expression while supar was derived from the cell surface it lacked the hydrophobic portion of the gpi moiety indicating anchor cleavage we show that upar release is catalyzed by cellular gpispecific phospholipase d gpipld an enzyme cleaving the gpi anchor of the receptor thus recombinant gpipld expression increased receptor PR up to fourfold conversely a reduction in gpipld activity by gpipld AS mrna expression inhibited upar PR by more than we found that gpipld also regulated upar expression possibly by releasing a gpianchored growth factor our data suggest that cellular gpipld might be involved in the generation of circulating prognostic markers in cancer and possibly regulate the function of gpianchored proteins by generating functionally distinct soluble counterparts
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newborn screening for IEM and endocrinopathies has expanded during the last two decades mainly owing to the introduction of new technologies such as tandem mass spectrometry and dna analysis however every expansion of the screening panel requires critical review discussion and pilot studies different legal regulations and ethical concerns may lead to different decisions without claiming to be comprehensive this review tries to give an overview of NBS including its main problems and target diseases
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using a novel fmribased intersubject functional rho isfc RPA which isolates stimuluslocked interregional rho patterns we compared the cortical topology of the neural circuit for face processing in participants with an impairment in face recognition congenital prosopagnosia cp and matched controls whereas the anterior temporal lobe served as the major network hub for face processing in controls this was not the case for the cps instead this group evinced hyperconnectivity in posterior regions of the visual cortex mostly associated with the lateral occipital and the inferior temporal cortices moreover the extent of this hyperconnectivity was correlated with the face recognition deficit these results offer new insights into the perturbed cortical topology in cp which may serve as the underlying neural basis of the behavioral deficits typical of this disorder the RPA adopted here has the potential to uncover altered topologies in other neurodevelopmental disorders as well
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to T0 the occurrence of y chromosome microdeletions in azoospermic patients with klinefelters syndrome kfs
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FGM is a cultural practice that can adversely affect the health of women vulval complications of female circumcision in patients managed at the university college hospital ibadan nigeria over a period of years were reviewed the complications were labial adhesions of varying degrees and clitoral retention cysts however both types of complications occurred concurrently in two patients all patients were treated surgically with good outcome the only immediate complication of treatment was AA haemorrhage in one patient with clitoral cyst regrettably one patient with labial adhesion required a repeat surgical procedure months later the histological examination of all the retention cysts revealed epidermal inclusion cysts emphasising the RH implications of female genital mutilation may prove an ERP strategy towards eradication of the practice
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to T0 the influence of metabolism of articular cartilage in ovariectomized rats in the intervention of different drugs
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