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we report the second case of neonatal alloimmune TP due to antihuman PLT antigen hpab bakb antibody the infant was severely affected with intracranial haemorrhage most importantly we were able to detect this antibody only by using fresh unfixed platelets as antigen this antibody was detectable neither by conventional mixed passive HA platelet immunofluorescence test using fixed platelets nor by monoclonal antigen immobilization of platelet antigen CA using solubilized platelets we assume that this antibody reacts only with fresh platelets and that the antigen is a labile component of hpab bakb | MEDAL |
beta AR agonists have been shown to increase rapidly lean body mass and reverse muscle wasting in several animal models of human illness however no published information is available for humans in the present study we investigated the effects of a slowrelease preparation of salbutamol or a PL on skeletal muscle PET capacity in healthy men the strength of different muscle groups was measured on two occasions before and after and days of treatment no significant changes in muscle strength were observed with PL during the trial in contrast the strength of both quadriceps muscles increased significantly after days on salbutamol and remained elevated at days whereas the strength of the hamstring muscles of the dominant leg significantly increased after days on salbutamol the strength of the nondominant hamstring muscles returned to baseline values there was no significant change in the GS of either hand in these subjects during the trial the maximal static inspiratory mouth pressure increased significantly T3 days on salbutamol and increased further T3 days the expiratory mouth pressure remained constant no significant changes in body weight skinfold thickness lean body mass or limb circumferences were measured in either group these data demonstrate that shortterm administration of salbutamol increases voluntary muscle strength in man however the magnitude and duration of this effect vary between muscle CG this study implies that the beta AR agonists may be of therapeutic potential in altering skeletal muscle CF in humans | MEDAL |
mammalian neonates depend on their mothers food supply and use a defined sequence of actions to find her mammary area their behavior is initially uncertain and demanding but rapidly becomes optimal efficient learning is thus operating in newborns for instance EU rabbit oryctolagus cuniculus pups localize the nipples through typical orocephalic movements these movements are released by the mammary pheromone secreted in milk or by prenatally learned odor cues during daily nursing they also learn odors associated with the mother supposedly with sucking as the main reinforcer we here investigate the role of the mammary pheromone as an enforcer of early olfactory learning in newborn rabbits in testing more than pups we show that the mammary pheromone promotes learning of neutral odorants paired with the pheromone in single and short trials the pheromoneinduced learning is efficient from birth and supports successive acquisition of distinct odorants this reveals that a rat pheromone can function as a cognitive organizer that promotes early learning of relevant environmental cues | MEDAL |
both estrogen and androgen have been reported to attenuate cyclic amp responses to parathyroid hormone stimulation in cultured bone cells the present T0 examines the effect of in vivo estrogen deficiency on skeletal adenylate cyclase ac activity the ac activity was compared in bone membranes prepared from normal female guinea pigs and from agematched guinea pigs weeks after ovariectomy histomorphometric analysis of FA specimens from the ovariectomized guinea pigs demonstrated significant decreases in percentage bone volume the percentage eroded surfaces and OCL numbers and increased osteoid thickness compared with the normal controls no differences were found in basal ac activity the ability of bone ac to be stimulated by parathyroid hormone bpth or isoproterenol or in the regulation of ac activity by calcium and magnesium we conclude that bone ac is not a direct target for estrogen effects on bone cells and that the reported effects of sex steroids on camp levels in bone cells probably act via an indirect mechanism | MEDAL |
relationships between plasma testosterone levels and selected parameters of lipid metabolism were studied in a group of young sterile males prior to during and T3 HT initial hypertriacylglycerolaemia and decreased concentrations of hdl cholesterol returned to normal values T3 days of methyltestosterone administration ldl cholesterol concentrations decreased significantly as did plasma apolipoprotein b levels these changes persisted also one month after cessation of treatment the results suggest that restoration of initially decreased testosterone C2 in the studied group of sterile males is associated with the restoration of the lipid profile | MEDAL |
minimally invasive methods for esophagectomy have been introduced to reduce postoperative complications this paper compares open THE and minimally invasive hybrid esophagectomy both methods have different extents of lymphadenectomy transhiatal esophagectomy being considered less radical | MEDAL |
the application of T3 oxidation processes aops for the treatment of wastewater is hindered by scavenging of the hydroxyl radical ho by effluent organic matter efom this scavenging is directly proportional to the secondorder reaction rate constant between efom and ho kefomho to understand the kinetics of this reaction as a CF of the subcomponents of efom four wastewater samples were fractionated by UF into distinct apparent molecular weight amw fractions and kda and their kefomho values were quantified in general the values for kefomho decreased as the amw increased the values of kefomho for the bulk waters varied between and x mcs units of per molar carbon concentration per second in the case of the kda fraction the values of kefomho varied from to x mcs or approximately times that of the corresponding bulk waters for the kda kda and kda fractions the kefomho values were and times that of the bulk waters respectively based on the obtained results the R2 and general magnitude of the kefomho values were attributed to the production and CR of SMP smp a L1 component of efom two samples collected at a wastewater treatment facility with different treatment variables had different kefomho values indicating that wastewater treatment processes will impact overall ho scavenging by efom and should be considered during the implementation of aops | MEDAL |
an angiographic study of patients with acute myocardial infarction was carried out in order to assess total and segmental leftventricular +dP/dt the comparison of leftventricular activity in patients with transmural vs nontransmural anterior myocardial infarction demonstrated no differences related to the type of lesion the type of affection of the infarctionlinked artery largely influences leftventricular activity nontransmural diaphragmatic myocardial infarction was associated with the least leftventricular dysfunction various PET leftventricular disorders corresponded to definite central hemodynamic patterns associated with myocardial infarction | MEDAL |
this paper focuses on the opportunities for using electronic noses for odour exposure assessment purposes especially in cases where dispersion modelling is not applicable such cases include for instance those sources where a detailed characterisation and quantification of the odour emissions for every hour of the simulation time domain is particularly difficult due to the nature of the source or to the variability of the emissions over time in such situations it is useful to determine odour exposure directly at receptors instead this paper critically discusses the state of the art of electronic nose technology as far as its application to the determination of odour SE at receptors is concerned one example of electronic nose application to the monitoring of odours from an italian municipal solid waste msw landfill is reported in order to discuss the instruments potential and limits the monitoring results are represented by the number of measures that are classified in a TPS olfactory class this information allows the odour SE at each monitoring site in terms of odour PCD frequency to be determined besides a quantification of the odour episodes electronic noses allowed the identification of the landfill gas as the monitored landfill L1 odour source | MEDAL |
single nucleotide polymorphisms snps of hladq and granulysin gnly are reportedly associated with hbv infection the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of interactions between snps in hladq and gnly on the outcome of hepatitis b virus hbv infection in chinese han subjects hladq rs and gnly rs and rs were genotyped in subjects with hbvrelated chronic MLD in whom spontaneous clearance of hbv had occurred and who had not been exposed to hbv hladq rs was significantly correlated with hbv clearance dominant genetic model or ci adjusted p there was no statistical association of gnly rs and rswith hbv infection outcomes however significant sexspecific associations with hbv susceptibility were observed in men who carried rs cg or rs tc and in women who carried rs gg or rs cc the findings were the same in the validation cohort which was composed of subjects based on a multifactor dimensionality reduction test with permutation correction a threeway interaction between snps in hladq and gnly was identified in terms of hbv clearance in conclusion additional evidence for an association of onfidence intervals render actuarial risk assessment instruments virtually useless in individual assessments if this were true the mathematical properties of probabilistic judgments would preclude forensic clinicians from applying groupbased findings about risk to individuals as a consequence actuarially based risk estimates might be barred from use in legal proceedings using a fictional scenario i seek to show how group data have an obvious application to individual decisions i also explain how misunderstanding the aims of risk assessment has led to mistakes about how when and why group data apply to individual instances although actuarially based statements about individuals risk have many pitfalls confidence intervals pose no barrier to using actuarial tools derived from group data to improve decisionmaking about individual instances | MEDAL |
diepoxybutane deb is a carcinogenic metabolite of butadiene bd an important industrial and environmental chemical present in urban air and in cigarette smoke deb is considered the ultimate carcinogenic species of bd because of its potent genotoxicity and mutagenicity attributed to its ability to form dnadna crosslinks and exocyclic nucleoside adducts mutagenesis studies suggest that deb adducts formed at adenine bases may be critically important as it induces C1 numbers of a â t transversions we have recently identified three types of exocyclic debda lesions nâ¶nâ¶dihydroxybutandiyldeoxyadenosine nâ¶nâ¶dhbda nâ¶hydroxyhydroxymethylpropandiyldeoxyadenosine nâ¶Î³hmhpda and nâ¶hydroxymethylhydroxypropandiyldeoxyadenosine nâ¶Î±hmhpda seneviratne u et al chem res toxicol in the work presented here a postsynthetic methodology for preparing dna oligomers containing stereospecific and sitespecific nâ¶nâ¶dhbda and nâ¶Î³hmhpda adducts was developed dna oligomers containing sitespecific chloropurine were coupled with optically pure aminohydroxyepoxybutanes to generate oligomers containing nâ¶hydroxyepoxybutyldeoxyadenosine adducts followed by their spontaneous cyclization to nâ¶Î³hmhpda lesions nâ¶nâ¶dhbda containing strands were prepared analogously by coupling chloropurine containing dna with ss or rrpyrrolidinediols oligodeoxynucleotide structures were confirmed by esims exonuclease ladder sequencing and hplcmsms of enzymatic digests uv melting and cd spectroscopy studies of dna duplexes containing nâ¶nâ¶dhbda and nâ¶Î³hmhpda revealed that both lesions lower the thermodynamic stability of dna interestingly structurally modified dna duplexes were more thermodynamically SD when an adenine residue was placed opposite nâ¶Î³hmhpda instead of thymine suggesting that these adducts may preferentially pair with da | MEDAL |
an exaggerated increase in systolic blood pressure prolongs myocardial EC50 and increases left ventricular lv chamber stiffness resulting in an increase in lv filling pressure we hypothesize that patients with a marked hypertensive response to exercise hre have lv diastolic dysfunction leading to exercise intolerance even in the absence of resting hypertension we recruited subjects age years male with a preserved ejection fraction and a negative stress test hre was evaluated at the end of a min exercise test using the modified bruce protocol patients were categorized into three groups a group without hre and without resting hypertension control group n a group with hre but without resting hypertension hre group n and a group with both hre and resting hypertension htn group n conventional doppler and TD imaging were performed at rest T3 min GXT systolic blood pressure increased in the hre and htn CG compared with the control group mmhg mmhg and mmhg respectively p there were no significant differences in lv ejection fraction lv enddiastolic diameter and early mitral inflow velocity among the three CG however early diastolic mitral annular velocity e was significantly lower and the ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity e to e ee was significantly higher in patients of the hre and htn groups compared to controls e cms cms cms respectively p in conclusion irrespective of the presence of resting hypertension patients with hypertensive response to exercise had impaired lv longitudinal diastolic function and exercise intolerance | MEDAL |
the proportion of cholestanolcholesterol in hepatic and cystic bile was evaluated using capillary gaschromatography in subjects with disturbances in the biliary system biliary dyskinesia CAC chronic calculous cholecystitis the proportion was also measured in bile paste and cholesterol choleliths with progression of cholesterol cholelithiasis the proportion cholestanolcholesterol increases reaching its maximum in the stone the center of which accumulates crystals of cholestanolcholesterol dihydrate an original conception is proposed on pathogenesis of cholesterol cholelithiasis in man it considers cholestanol as factorreason underlying various pathological processes running in cholesterol cholelithiasis cholestanol is suggested to mark cholesterol cholelithiasis | MEDAL |
anxietyrelated behaviors were evaluated across various tests in a C1 sample n both sexes of genetically heterogeneous nnihhs rats derived from an eightway cross of inbred strains these tests either evoke unlearned blackwhite box bwb novelcage activity nact elevated zero maze zm baseline acoustic startle response bas or learned fearpotentiated startle fps twoway activeshuttle boxavoidance acquisition shav anxiousfearful responses the results showed that with the exception of fearpotentiated startle almost all unlearned and learned behaviors assessed fit with a pattern of sex effects characterized by male rats as being more fearful than females we applied factor analyses oblique rotation to each sex with the final twofactor solution showing a first factor labelled as timidity comprising bwb nact and zm variables in both sexes plus shav responding in the case of males and a second factor called defensive flight which grouped bas fps and shav responding in both sexes an additional regression analysis showed significant influences of unlearned risk assessment ie stretchattendance SMB on shav in males while fps was the main variable positively influencing shav in the intermediate and advanced phases of acquisition in females this indicates for the first time that FPS may have a facilitating role in the rats AS responses at least in females to the cue in the intermediate to advanced phases ie when the initial passive avoidanceactive avoidance begins to fade of shuttle box avoidance acquisition the results of this first extensive behavioral evaluation of nnihhs rats are discussed in terms of their potential usefulness for present and future neurobehavioral and genetic studies of fearfulnessanxiety | MEDAL |
the small gtpase raba has been shown to control membrane trafficking and microvesicle transport pathways in particular the secretion of exosomes in the CL high expression of raba correlates with the OD of hepatocellular carcinoma we discovered that low abundance of raba resulted in decreased hepatitis c virus hcv rna and protein abundances in virusinfected cells curiously both cellassociated and extracellular virus yield decreased in raba depleted cells suggesting that reduced exosome secretion did not cause the observed effect instead raba enhanced viral rna replication by a mechanism that involves the liverspecific microrna mir raba surrounded lipid droplets and was enriched in MF that harbor viral replication proteins suggesting a supporting role for raba in viral mRNA curiously raba SD decreased the abundance of mir whereas overexpression of mir in rabadepleted cells rescued hcv rna abundance because intracellular hcv rna abundance is enhanced by the binding of two mir molecules to the extreme end of the hcv rna genome the diminished amounts of mir in rabadepleted cells could have caused destabilization of hcv rna however the abundance of hcv rna carrying mutations on both mirbinding sites and whose stability was supported by ectopically expressed mir mimetics with compensatory mutations also decreased in rabadepleted cells this result indicates that the effect of raba depletion on hcv rna abundance does not depend on the formation of terminal hcvmir rna complexes but that mir has a rabadependent CF in the hcv lifecycle likely the downregulation of a cellular inhibitor of hcv mRNA these findings suggest that the absence of mir results in a vulnerability not only to exoribonucleases that attack the viral genome but also to upregulation of one more cellular factor that inhibit viral gene expression | MEDAL |
insulin availability and routine diabetes care were crosssectionally investigated in mf insulindependent diabetic patients aged years with or year duration using a structured questionnaire interview followed by a free conversation HbA1c blood gl and serum lipids were measured in the fasting state to assess the metabolic control only of the patients had acceptable glycaemic control hbac increased age shorter diabetes duration and higher body mass index were associated with better metabolic control omission or reduction of the insulin dose was experienced by of the patients due to insulin shortage the interview data consistently indicated that insulin nonavailability had induced poor compliance to therapy regimens and lack of motivation for optimum glycaemic control due to limited resources most of the patients received insufficient diabetes care and education leading to lower rates of clinic attendance and dietary noncompliance elevated haemoglobin ac was associated with higher fasting blood glucose C2 p STG p and urinary glucose p measurable fasting cpeptide was observed in of the patients and was related to the age at diagnosis and body mass index p for both there is a considerable potential to improve diabetes care and education practice and if accessibility to insulin is simultaneously facilitated the glycaemic control in sudanese diabetic patients will improve | MEDAL |
CE fatigue commonly occurs in patients with PBC pbc and correlates closely with depression and cholestatic rats exhibit CE fatigue therefore we undertook a series of experiments in both rats with cholestasis caused by bile duct resection bdr and shamresected controls days T3 surgery to determine if experimental cholestasis is associated with symptoms of depression that can be modeled in rats namely anhedonia loss of pleasure and the loss of social interest bdr rats exhibited significant anhedonia compared with sham controls as indicated by a loss in their preference for consuming a CS solution a highly desirable drink for rats furthermore social interest was examined by determining the time bdr or sham rats spent investigating a juvenile rat in an openfield apparatus compared with the time spent on nonsocial behaviors bdr rats exhibited significantly reduced time spent in social investigation and significantly more time in nonsocial behaviors than did sham rats L1 depression in humans is often associated with elevated circulating glucocorticoid C2 and impaired glucocorticoid feedback therefore we measured these parameters in bdr and sham rats and found a striking elevation in circulating glucocorticoid levels in bdr compared with sham animals however elevated circulating glucocorticoid C2 in bdr rats suppressed normally in response to exogenous dexamethasone indicating intact glucocorticoid FB control at the PIT level in bdr rats in summary we have identified behaviors in cholestatic rats that are consistent with those seen in depression | MEDAL |
we demonstrate the improvement of the transmission performance based on intermixing noise mitigation techniques in a multiple intermediatefrequencyoverfiber ifof based mobile fronthaul the interaction between fiber chromatic dispersion and frequency chirp of the directly modulated laser generates the secondorder distortion that degrades the performance of multiifof transmission system to avoid secondorder distortion we use intermediate frequency if spacing optimization and octaveconfined frequency plan schemes in which intermixing noise would be generated in the out of signal band and would not affect the SQ of transmitted signal for bandwidth efficient transmission of radio signal over mobile fronthaul link we employ the dispersion compensation technique to suppress the intermixing noise sufficiently for realization of the multiifof based mobile fronthaul we experimentally investigate the transmission performances of and if carriers of the long term evolutionadvanced ltea signals mapped with quadrature amplitude modulation qam it is clearly observed that the intermixing noise is suppressed owing to dispersion compensation technique and overall system performances are improved by if spacing optimization and octaveconfined frequency plan as a result we successfully transmit if carriers of the ltea signal with less than error vector magnitude evm over km singlemode fiber smf within only ghz bandwidth | MEDAL |
during the last decade the cellular pathways involved in ECC have been identified and explained the key event in the initiation of the contraction is the rise in sarcoplasmic free calcium inositol triphosphate ip and cyclic nucleotides camp cgmp have been demonstrated to be the second messengers associated with stimulation of smooth muscle selective receptorsubtypes cholinergic adrenergic non adrenergicnon ACh by specific neuromodulators furthermore activation of voltagegated l type or receptor operated calcium channels is involved in the sarcoplasmic free calcium changes kca and katpchannels play an important role in smooth muscle hyperpolarization katpopeners excite great interest as therapeutic agents for the detrusor instability the specificity of different receptor subtypes and their transductional pathways has increased the number of targets for drug treatment of UB disorders and ED as the level of intracellular nucleotide second messengers can be modulated by tissuespecect of insulin or glucagon on intracellular tg mtp activity or mass cells incubated with no hormone had higher C2 of mtp mrna compared to cells incubated with insulin or glucagon during the depletion period results suggest that hepatic mtp mrna may be affected by tg accumulation insulin and glucagon in vitro however hepatic mtp activity and mass are not affected by NS of nonlactating dairy cows tg accumulation in vitro or insulin and glucagon in vitro | MEDAL |
various ee and zeconjugated methylthio derivatives of oxidosqualene os and conjugated and nonconjugated phenylthio derivatives of os were obtained these compounds designed as inhibitors of pig liver and saccharomyces cerevisiae oxidosqualenelanosterol cyclases osc ec and of alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius squalenehopene cyclase shc ec contain the reactive function adjacent to carbons involved in the formation of the third and the fourth cycle during os cyclization all the new EDC are inhibitors of osc and shc with various degrees of selectivity the conjugated methylthio derivatives behaved as potent inhibitors of s cerevisiae osc whereas most of the phenylthio derivatives were especially active toward shc | MEDAL |
a new proportionalintegralderivative pid controller for the automated closedloop delivery of atracurium was tested in patients groups of patients received halothane enflurane isoflurane or nomorphine anesthesia after induction of anesthesia with sodium thiopental mgkg a bolus of atracurium mgkg was delivered by the controller this was followed by an infusion calculated by the controller to maintain the electromyogram emg at a setpoint of NMB the average overshoot for the controller was and the mean steadystate error the mean infusion rates for atracurium to maintain blockade were calculated for each anesthetic group with the inhalation anesthetics at mac infusion rates for nomorphine halothane enflurane and ISO at blockade were and microgramskgmin respectively mean se the infusion rate for atracurium at blockade under nomorphine anesthesia was in GA PA with published values the other infusion rates at blockade have not been reported previously but correspond to the known potencies of these inhalation anesthetics for augmentation of NMB this controller performed well in comparison to previously developed controllers and in addition was used as a research tool for rapid estimation of infusion rates | MEDAL |
a threeandahalfyearold boy presented in the BP of chronic myelocytic leukaemia cml with lymphoblastic infiltration of cns and testes the clinical signs and symptoms and also blood and bone marrow findings were otherwise compatible with the chronic phase of the disease and none of the AF predictive of early transformation were present cytogenetic analysis revealed that the ph chromosome with no additional chromosomal abnormalities was present in of the bone marrow cells meningeal leukaemia is almost unknown in the CP of cml however the incidence in the blastic phase may resemble the incidence of cns leukaemia at diagnosis in children with acute leukaemias testicular involvement appears to be extremely rare even in the blastic phase of cml the true incidence may however also resemble that of acute leukaemias this raises the question of the need for testicular and meningeal surveillance and prophylaxis at least during the blastic phase of cml one should consider whether the simultaneous meningeal and testicular lymphoblastic leukaemia in this patient was the result of blastic transformation at two independent CS or whether the testes were seeded from the meninges without identifiable spread to blood and bone marrow | MEDAL |
spinal cord stimulation scs is an invasive method used for treating patients with refractory angina although scs is recommended by the european society of cardiology and american heart association class lib level of evidence b and c respectively the method is used very rarely and data on its effectiveness is limited the aim of this work was to perform a SR of all randomized controlled trials rcts that investigated the effectiveness of scs as a treatment for refractory angina | MEDAL |
during the s and s there were large scale epidemics of SH a every years in the israel defense forces during these epidemics the annual incidence exceeded soldiers at risk there has been a highly significant decrease in rates during the past years the average annual incidence of clinically identified VH a decreased from an average of during the s to during the s the decrease coincided with the introduction in the s of widescale postexposure prophylaxis with ISG isg the incidence was further significantly reduced to with the introduction of preexposure prophylaxis with isg starting in p other AF probably played a role in accelerating the decline in morbidity such as improvement in personal hygiene and sanitation facilities and in waste disposal and other aspects of military environmental health these improvements were probably more pronounced in the civilian sector leading to decreased exposure of children to the virus and consequently a higher proportion of seronegatives at induction increase in the proportion of recruits without natural immunity to the virus poses greater risk both in terms of personal morbidity as well as military operational ability this risk combined with problems of isg use and availability has propelled SH a prevention policy towards the use of the new inactivated vaccines | MEDAL |
immunosuppressed organ allograft recipients have a to fold increased risk of developing tumours but the risk of developing certain cancers is increased several hundredfold with the exception of skin and lip cancers most of the common malignancies seen in the GA population are not increased in incidence instead there is a higher frequency of some relatively rare tumours including posttransplant lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders ptld kaposis sarcoma ks renal carcinomas in situ carcinomas of the uterine cervix hepatobiliary carcinomas anogenital carcinomas and various sarcomas excluding ks skin and lip cancers present some unusual features a remarkable frequency of ks reversal of the ratio of basal to SCCs seen in the general population the young age of the patients and the high incidence of multiple tumours in of the patients anogenital cancers occur at a much younger age than in the general population salient features of ptld are the VHF of epsteinbarr virusrelated lesions frequent involvement of extranodal sites a marked predilection for the BB and frequent allograft involvement as the immunosuppressed state per se and various potentially oncogenic viruses play a major role in causing these cancers preventative measures include reducing IS to the lowest level compatible with good allograft function and prophylactic measures against certain virus infections reduction of exposure to sunlight may also decrease the incidence of skin CA in addition to conventional treatments resection radiation therapy chemotherapy patients may receive antiviral drugs interferonalpha and various other manipulations of the IS a significant percentage of cases of ptld and ks respond to reduction or cessation of immunosuppressive therapy | MEDAL |
the substance p sppreferring receptor neurokinin receptor nkr has an important role in inflammation immune regulation and viral infection we applied a newly developed realtime reverse transcription rtpcr CA to quantify nkr mrna in human neuronal cell line ntn a human bcell L1 im monocytederived macrophages mdm peripheral blood lymphocytes pbl and human astroglioma cells u mg the nkr realtime rtpcr assay has a sensitivity of mrna copies with a dynamic range of PCD between and copies of nkr gene transcripts per reaction this CA is highly reproducible with an intraassay coefficient variation of threshold cycle ct of less than the nkr RT rtpcr is highly sensitive for quantitative determination of nkr mrna in human immune cells mdm and pbl that express low levels of nkr mrna in addition the assay has the ability to accurately quantitate the dynamic changes in nkr mrna expression in interleukinbetastimulated u mg these data indicate that the nkr realtime rtpcr has potential for a wide application in investigation of nkr expression at the mrna level under physiological and pathological conditions in both the CE nervous system and the IS | MEDAL |
peripheral node addressin pnad marks high EC venules hev which are crucial for the recruitment of lymphocytes into lymphoid organs in nonmucosal tissue sites pnad is a sulfated and fucosylated glycoprotein recognized by the prototypic monoclonal antibody meca pnad is the ligand for lselectin which is expressed on the surface of naive and CE memory TA where it mediates leukocyte rolling on VE surfaces although pnad was first identified in the hev of PN recent work suggests a critical role for pnad in the context of chronic inflammatory diseases where it can be used as a marker for the formation of tertiary lymphoid organs tlos tlo form in tissues impacted by sustained inflammation such as the tumor microenvironment where they CF as local CS of adaptive immune cell priming this allows for TPS b and tcell responses to be initiated or reactivated in inflamed tissues without dependency on secondary lymphoid organs recent studies of cancer in mice and humans have identified pnad as a biomarker of improved disease prognosis blockade of pnad or its ligand lselectin can abrogate protective antitumor immunity in murine models this review examines pathways regulating pnad biosynthesis by the endothelial cells integral to hev and the formation and maintenance of lymphoid structures throughout the body particularly in the setting of CA | MEDAL |
we have investigated changes that occur in mitochondria obtained from the livers of rats that had been maintained on a high protein diet CS instead of for months CL homogenates were separated by centrifugation into a mitochondrial fraction a nuclear fraction and the supernatant fluid of the nuclear fraction nuclear wash Rh was used to selectively stain mitochondria depending upon their membrane potential the stained organelles were processed through a FCM where the FL stains were excited by the nm wavelength of a laser and the resultant fluorescence signals analysed T3 months on a high HP mitochondria displayed an increase in the fluorescence associated with Rh uptake in both mitochondrial and nuclear wash fractions while mitochondrial fluorescence in the nuclear fraction showed a heterogeneous CSD this was interpreted as an increase in membrane potential in most of the liver mitochondria under these nutritional conditions with a certain degree of heterogeneity these PET changes may be correlated with morphological alterations previously reported and show the usefulness of flow cytometry for biochemical analysis of isolated mitochondria | MEDAL |
the objective was to evaluate the effects of injectable trace minerals itm concurrent with modifiedlive virus mlv vaccination on protection from BVD virus bvdv infection in dairy calves in a previous study palomares et al thirty dairy calves received two doses of a mlv vaccine subcutaneously sc concurrently with itm n or saline n sc five months later of these calves received itm g n or saline g n according to their previous CG and were challenged intranasally with bvdv five unvaccinated calves were also challenged with bvdv g blood samples were collected on days bvdv challenge and for leukocyte count virus isolation and bvdv serum neutralizing antibodies sna mildmoderate clinical signs were observed in g after bvdv challenge group showed lower sum health score and nasal score on d and fecal score on d compared to g rectal temperature and leukocyte counts were not different between g and g in contrast g calves had significant leukopenia and lymphopenia from d to d p and higher rectal temperatures on d to d compared to values on d p all unvaccinated calves became viremic while viremia was not detected in g or g average daily gain was not different between vaccinated groups however only g calves had significantly greater p adg compared to nonvaccinated calves during the first days post challenge vaccinated calves treated or not with itm were protected from bvdv infection five months postvaccination | MEDAL |
there have been series eyes published on the use of pneumatic retinopexy for selected retinal detachments eighty percent were reattached with a single procedure and with reoperations new retinal breaks occurred in and PVR in the three complications reported with pneumatic retinopexy but not with scleral buckling are subretinal gas gas entrapment at the pars plana and subconjunctival gas twentysix complications of pneumatic retinopexy most of which may also occur with SB are discussed as to incidence cause prevention and management | MEDAL |
microalgae feedstock production can be integrated with wastewater and industrial sources of carbon dioxide this study reviews the literature on algae grown on wastewater and includes a preliminary analysis of algal production based on anaerobic digestion sludge centrate from the howard f curren advanced wastewater treatment plant hfc awtp in tampa florida and secondary effluent from the city of lakeland wastewater treatment facilities in lakeland florida it was demsp and nka expressions in the airways and nodose ganglion were also significantly increased chronic intraesophageal acid instillation induces significant neurogenic inflammation in the airways and NG in the VN in guinea pigs | MEDAL |
social SP alcohol intoxication and anonymity all have strong influences on human cognition and SMB however the social consequences of each of these conditions can be diverse sometimes producing prosocial outcomes and other times enabling antisocial behavior we present a general MM of DIS to explain how these seemingly contradictory effects emerge from a single underlying mechanism the decreased salience of competing response options prevents activation of the behavioral inhibition system bis as a result the most salient response in any given situation is expressed regardless of whether it has prosocial or antisocial consequences we review three distinct routes through which SP alcohol intoxication and anonymity reduce the salience of competing response options namely through behavioral RPA system bas activation cognitive depletion and reduced social desirability concerns we further discuss how these states can both reveal and shape the person overall our approach allows for multiple domainspecific models to be unified within a common conceptual framework that explains how both situational and dispositional AF can influence the expression of disinhibited SMB producing both prosocial and antisocial outcomes | MEDAL |
the increasing clinical incidence and host risk of open fractureassociated infections as well as the reduced effectiveness of conventional antibiotics to treat such infections have driven the development of new therapies for the prophylaxis of open fractureassociated infections we investigated percutaneous supplementation of a natural cytokine ie interleukin p or il at an open fracture site to reduce open fractureassociated infections we also determined the efficacy of the ACT of il and conventional antibiotic therapy in the prophylaxis of open fractureassociated infections an open femur fracture infection MM was produced by direct inoculation of a clinical isolate of staphylococcus aureus after creating a femur fracture using rats the animals were assigned to one of four groups no drug administration percutaneous supplementation of il intraperitoneal administration of the antibiotic ampicillin or percutaneous il in combination with intraperitoneal ampicillin animals were euthanized at postoperative days and percutaneous il led to a reduction in infection at postoperative days and for the first time exogenous il was found to have additive effects in the prevention of infection when combined with CT ie antibiotic therapy combination therapy of ampicillin and il substantially reduced the infection rate at postoperative day and also decreased the time needed for complete inhibition of infection therefore exogenous il providing a mechanism of protection independent of antibiotic resistance complements the routine use of antibiotics | MEDAL |
in a doubleblind random assignment study NOM was compared to imipramine in a population of depressed male inpatients n ages years nomifensine and imipramine in doses of mgday were found to be comparable over the week treatment period on the hamilton depression rating scale and clinical global impressions the selfrating symptom scale showed differences favoring NOM for the depression factor at days and in extensive laboratory analyses no clinically important changes were seen within or between groups although differences were not significant more discomforting side effectsspecifically anticholinergic nervousnessrestlessness and sedationwere seen in the imipramine than the NOM group these results indicate that nomifensine compares favorably with imipramine in the treatment of depressed inpatients | MEDAL |
eosinophils may infiltrate the lung tissue thus impairing gas exchange and causing several PS as dyspnea fever and cough this process may be secondary to several factors including drugs or parasite migration or primary idiopathic AEP is lifethreatening and presents frequently in young sm as an acute hypoxemic respiratory failure of generally less than a week with BL lung infiltrates frequently misdiagnosed as severe communityacquired pneumonia this patients present without peripheral eosinophilia but usually have more than eosinophils on BAL fluid CEP is a protracted disease of usually more than a month before presentation with a predilection for middle aged asthmatic patients hypoxemia is mildmoderate and there are usually more than eosinophilsmm of peripheral blood bronchoalveolar fluid has high eosinophil levels usually more than migratory IP infiltrates are seen in the chest xray film both acute and chronic eosinophilic pneumonia are treated by GCs and respiratory support as well as avoidance of any recognized trigger | MEDAL |
we determined the effect of national vaccine shortages on coverage with doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis dtap vaccine for american indianalaska native aian children | MEDAL |
tamoxifen resistance presents a prominent clinical challenge in endocrine therapy for hormone CS breast cancer however the underlying mechanisms that contribute to tamoxifen resistance are not fully understood in this T0 we established a tamoxifen resistant mcf cell L1 mcftamr by continuously incubating mcf cells with ohtamoxifen we found that melanoma cell adhesion molecule mcamcd a unique epithelialtomesenchymal transition emt inducer was significantly upregulated at both mrna and protein C2 in mcftamr cells compared to parental mcf cells mechanistic research demonstrated that mcam promotes tamoxifen resistance by transcriptionally suppressing erα expression and activating the akt pathway followed by induction of emt elevated mcam expression was inversely correlated with recurrencefree and distant metastasisfree survival in a cohort of patients with breast cancer derived from a public DB particularly in the subgroup only treated with tamoxifen these results demonstrate a novel function of mcam in conferring tamoxifen resistance in breast CA targeting mcam might be a promising therapeutic strategy to overcome tamoxifen resistance in breast CA patients | MEDAL |
to determine AF associated with risk for umbilical CRS we studied neonates with one or more catheters in place for more than days among infants with umbilical catheters CRS occurred in infants CRS occurred in of infants with umbilical arterial catheters and in of infants with umbilical venous catheters staphylococcal species accounted for of cases of catheterrelated sepsis MLR analysis revealed that very low birth weight and longer duration of antibiotic therapy were significantly associated with risk for UA CRS increased risk for umbilical venous catheterrelated sepsis was best predicted by the simultaneous occurrence of higher birth weight and infusion of hyperalimentation solution catheter duration correlated with duration of antibiotic therapy and with infusion of hyperalimentation solution for both types of catheters however in the multivariable analysis duration of catheterization was not found to be a significant independent predictor of risk for CRS for either type of catheter | MEDAL |
the maillard reaction products mrps are known to be effective in chemoprevention here we focused on the anticancer effects of ebisphydroxyphenylbutenal a mrp on human nonsmallcell LC nsclc cells and its mechanism of action | MEDAL |
wouulating mitochondrial biogenesis we next examined the effects of another stimulus known to affect mitochondrial biogenesis ie ros production to pharmacologically induce oxidative stress we used rotenone a mitochondrial inhibitor to target mitochondrial complex i treatment with rotenone showed biphasic effects lowdose rotenone to nm elevated mammosphere formation while higher doses to nm were GABA importantly the stimulatory effects of rotenone on csc propagation were blocked using a mitochondrialspecific antioxidant namely mitotempo thus mild mitochondrial oxidative AS originating at complex i was sufficient to phenocopy the effects of cmyc effectively promoting csc propagation to validate the idea that mitochondrial biogenesis is required to stimulate csc propagation we employed doxycycline a wellestablished inhibitor of mitochondrial protein translation treatment with doxycycline was indeed sufficient to block the stimulatory effects of hras gv cmyc and rotenone on csc propagation as such doxycycline provides a strong rationale for designing new therapeutics to target mitochondrial biogenesis suggesting a new mutationindependent approach to cancer therapy in support of this notion most currently successful anticancer agents therapeutically target cell phenotypes such as increased cell proliferation rather than specific genetic mutations remarkably we demonstrated that doxycycline inhibits the effects of diverse oncogenic stimuli of both i genetic mycras and ii environmental rotenone origins finally we discuss the advantages of our proteomicstogenomics ptg approach for | MEDAL |
nanoparticles of dicalcium phosphate anhydrous dcpa were synthesized in our laboratory for the first time and incorporated into a dental resin our goal was to develop a mechanically strong dental composite that has ca and po ion PR to combat tooth caries and to investigate the effects of whisker reinforcement dcpa particle size and silanization | MEDAL |
stress in nurses affects their health and increases absenteeism attrition rate injury claims infection rates and PE in treating patients this in turn significantly increases the cost of employment in healthcare units proper management of AS ensures greater efficiency at work place and improved wellbeing of the employee therefore a preexperimental T0 was conducted among critical care unit nurses working inmedical college hospital thiruvananthapuram kerala to assess the effect of SM interventions such as job AS awareness assertiveness training time management andprogressive muscle relaxation on job AS the results showed that caring for patients GA job requirements and workload were the major sources of AS for the nurses the level of severe AS was reduced from percent to percent during posttest the stress management interventions were statistically effective in reducing the AS of nurses at p level | MEDAL |
acute sodium depletion by the combination of pharmacological natriuresis via furosemide administration and a sodiumdeficient diet results in a strong induction of salt appetite in rats recentrapy is currently used in heart transplantation despite safety concerns this month prospective randomized multicenter openlabel T0 examined whether basiliximab offers a tolerability benefit compared with antithymocyte AHG atg while maintaining similar efficacy in de novo HR transplant recipients | MEDAL |
paracoccidioidomycosis is a CGD that induces a TPS inflammatory and immune response the participation of nitric oxide no a product of the inducible nitric oxide synthase enzyme inos as an important fungicidal molecule against paracoccidioides brasiliensis has been demonstrated in order to further characterize the oral paracoccidioidomycosis op we undertook an immunohistochemical study of inos cdro cd cd cd cd cells and mast cells the samples were distributed in CG according to the number of viable fungi per mm our results showed weak immunolabeling for inos in the multinucleated giant cells mngc and in most of the MNC mn cells and the proportion of inos mnmngc cells in the op were comparable to control clinically healthy oral tissues additionally our analysis revealed a similarity in the number of cd cells between the control and the op CG with higher numbers of fungi these findings suggest that a low expression of inos and a decrease in the cd TA in op may represent possible mechanisms that permit the local fungal multiplication and maintenance of active oral lesions | MEDAL |
multiple TP are common in the population and in studies of midlife adults are strongly associated with high C2 of psychological distress whether this relationship occurs in older adults is unclear this crosssectional T0 investigated whether high levels of psychological distress would be associated with a high tender point count and whether the relationship would be moderated by age three thousand three hundred and seventynine individuals were mailed a questionnaire which included the hospital anxiety and depression had scale the pain catastrophising scale pcs the brief illness perception questionnaire brief ipq and the pittsburgh sleep SQ index psqi a random sample of approximately of subjects who returned the questionnaire undertook a PCS assessment including a manual tender point count assessment a total of subjects completed the questionnaire of whom were invited to take part in the physical assessment and participated of the participants the median age was years range and were female the median had score was iqr and the median number of tender points was range increasing had score was positively and significantly associated with tender point count but this relationship was not moderated by age in a final multivariable model sex had score and psqi score were independent predictors of multiple tender points psychological distress was associated with multiple tender points independent of age psychological distress and trouble sleeping were important potentially modifiable AF associated with the outcome | MEDAL |
we have investigated the various morphological changes of helical nanofilament hnf b phases in multiscale nanochannels made of porous anodic aluminum oxide aao film single or multihelical structures could be manipulated depending on the aao pore size and the highertemperature phase of each molecule furthermore the nanostructures of hnfs affected by the chemical affinity between the molecule and surface were drastically controlled in surfacemodified nanochannels these wellcontrolled hierarchical helical structures that have multidimensions can be a promising tool for the manipulation of chiral pores or the nonlinear optical applications | MEDAL |
primary cultures of smooth muscle cells were established from the medial SL of guinea pig aorta cells were seeded at from to cells per cm and cloned for days media were analyzed for pgi ketopgf alpha using radioimmunoassay prostanoids were synthesized when cells were grown in media CT AA stimulated prostanoid synthesis and promoted cell proliferation indomethacin blocked prostanoid synthesis and abolished the stimulatory effect of AA acid on cell proliferation hydralazine stimulated fatty acid PR and prostanoid synthesis in confluent cells hydralazine also stimulated prostanoid synthesis and promoted proliferation in growing cells indomethacin blocked prostanoid synthesis and abolished the stimulatory effect of hydralazine on cell proliferation | MEDAL |
to provide more information on the 5-ALA alabased photodynamic effect pde on nuclei and nucleoli of individual leukemic cells these structures were studied in cultured hl cells which originated from leukemic highly immature and less differentiated precursors of granulocytes the nuclear morphology was visualized by panoptic maygrünwaldgiemsa staining and cytochemical method for dna nucleoli were visualized by cytochemical methods for the demonstration of rna and silver stainable proteins including those of interphase silver stained nucleolus organizer regions agnors in most cells alabased PDT pdt produced marked ativation of Vc gated ca currents bflx rystained sympathetic SN viewed under confocal microscopy showed conspicuous labeling of crescentshaped structures pertaining to the GC a conclusion supported by experiments showing colocalization with golgispecific fluorescent probes and the breaking up of crescentshaped staining after treatment with drugs that disassemble GC the presence of ryrs to the golgi could be confirmed with TPS antiryr antibodies but evidence of caffeineinduced ca release from this organelle could not be obtained using fast confocal microscopy rather an apparent decrease of the cytosolic ca signal was detected close to this organelle in spite of that shortterm incubation with brefeldin a bfa suppressed the fast component of caffeineinduced ca PR and the ca PR process lasted longer and appeared less organized these observations which suggest a possible role of the golgi complex in ca homeostasis and signaling in nerve cells could be relevant to reports involving derangement of the GC as a probable cause of some forms of progressive neuronal degeneration such as alzheimers disease and ALS | MEDAL |
nociceptive stimulation has been considered to affect the expression of genes encoding endogenous neuropeptides and their receptors the effect of electric stimulation of the TP andor periaqueductal gray pag in rats on mrna levels of the selected neuropeptides and opioid receptors ors was investigated in comparison with control group without stimulation the C2 of mrna for the selected neuropeptides galanin gal vasopressin avp oxytocin ot substance p sp somatostatin som VIP vip endomorphin em and opioid receptors mor dor and kor in mesencephalic Thy and thalamic tissues were determined by realtime pcr it was demonstrated that in the control group expression of the tested neuropeptides was at a very low level in the mesencephalon and thalamus but at the higher level in the hypothalamus the highest expression of ors was observed in the MES nociceptive TP stimulation had the strongest effect in the hypothalamus elevating mrna C2 of all tested neuropeptides except som electric stimulation of pag either did not NC or downregulated mrna levels of the neuropeptides in the cerebral structures simultaneous stimulation of pag and tooth pulp either did not affect mrna C2 of the investigated neuropeptides or caused their slight decrease versus tooth pulp stimulation the noxious stimulation of tooth pulp increased also the C2 of or mrnas while stimulation of pag had the opposite effect the above results demonstrated that TP stimulation significantly upregulated the mrna levels for a number of neuropeptides and all three types of ors in the rat BB which would result in more potent antinociception in contrast pag stimulation downregulated the mrna levels of several neuropeptides and ors in the CBF tissues which would cause decreased synthesis of ors the obtained results represent a new insight into the mechanism of orofacial pain | MEDAL |
creatinine clearance is commonly used as a parameter for individualization of dosages of drugs primarily excreted by the kidney nomograms and equations have been developed for estimating creatinine clearance from serum creatinine concentration body weight age and sex GC are said to cause proximal muscle wasting and therefore may be expected to cause a decrease in the creatinine production rate the purposes of the present investigation were first to evaluate by a computed tomography the effect of long term treatment with prednisone on the midthigh muscle area and second to establish whether the presumed supposed decrease in muscle mass was associated with a decrease in the urinary creatinine excretion rate and hence in a systematic error whenever a nomogram is used to predict creatinine clearance in such subjects patients taking prednisone had smaller midthigh muscle areas than controls a linear relationship between the midthigh muscle area and the observed urinary excretion of creatinine was found suggesting that the muscle loss could account for the decrease in the urinary excretion rate of creatinine the ratio of observed to predicted by nomogram urinary creatinine excretion was lower in patients than controls resulting in a corresponding underprediction of creatinine clearance by nomograms in the patients taking prednisone | MEDAL |
attention is used to enhance neural processing of selected parts of a visual scene it increases neural responses to stimuli near target locations and is usually coupled to eye movements covert attention shifts however decouple the attentional focus from gaze allowing to direct the attention to a peripheral location without moving the eyes we tested whether covert attention shifts modulate ongoing neuronal activity in cortical area va an area that provides a bridge between visual signals and armmotor control | MEDAL |
glutamate receptor glur delta is selectively expressed in cerebellar PCs and plays a crucial role in cerebellumdependent motor learning although glurdelta belongs to an ionotropic glur family little is known about its pharmacological features and downstream signaling cascade to study molecular mechanisms underlying glurdeltadependent motor learning we employed yeast twohybrid screening to isolate glurdeltainteracting molecules and identified proteintyrosine phosphatase ptpmeg ptpmeg is a family member of band domaincontaining proteintyrosine phosphatases and is expressed prominently in BB here we showed by in FISH that the ptpmeg mrna was enriched in mouse thalamus and purkinje cells we also showed that ptpmeg interacted with glurdelta as well as with nmethyldaspartate receptor glurepsilon in cultured cells and in brain ptpmeg bound to the putative cterminal pdz target CS of glurdelta and glurepsilon via its pdz domain examination of the effect of ptpmeg on tyrosine phosphorylation of glurepsilon unexpectedly revealed that ptpmeg enhanced fynmediated IMT phosphorylation of glurepsilon in its ptpase activitydependent manner thus we conclude that ptpmeg associates directly with glurdelta and glurepsilon moreover our data suggest that ptpmeg plays a role in signaling downstream of the glurs andor in regulation of their activities through IMT dephosphorylation | MEDAL |
soluble fiber is fermented by Tc microflora yielding shortchain fatty acids scfas in the colon we aimed to investigate the effect of oral administration of SF on healing of anastomosis and matrix metalloproteinase activity in radiotherapy received colonic anastomosis | MEDAL |
the C1 S1 of rna polymerase ii contains a highly conserved and essential heptapeptide repeat prothrserprosertyrser at its carboxy terminus saccharomyces cerevisiae cells are inviable if their rna polymerase ii large subunit genes encode fewer than CR heptapeptide repeats if they encode to complete repeats cells are temperaturesensitive and coldsensitive but or more complete repeats will allow wildtype growth at all temperatures cells containing cterminal domains ctds of to complete repeats are also Ins auxotrophs the phenotypes associated with these ctd mutations are not a consequence of an instability of the large subunit rather they seem to reflect a PET deficiency of the mutant enzyme we show here that partial deletion mutations in rna polymerase ii ctd affect the ability of the enzyme to respond to signals from upstream activating sequences in a subset of promoters in yeast the number of heptapeptide repeats required for maximal response to signals from these sequences differs from one upstream activating sequence to another one of the upstream elements that is sensitive to truncations of the ctd is the basepair site bound by the gal transactivating factor | MEDAL |
skeletal muscle S1 cdnas were expressed in a simian kidney cell L1 cos and a mouse myogenic cell L1 to investigate the mechanisms controlling early stages of S1 filament assembly an embryonic chicken muscle myosin heavy chain mhc cdna was linked to constitutive promoters from adenovirus or sv and transiently expressed in cos cells these cells accumulate hybrid myosin molecules composed of muscle mhcs and endogenous nonmuscle myosin light chains the muscle S1 is found associated with a triton insoluble fraction from extracts of the cos cells by IP and is detected in micronlong filamentous structures distributed throughout the cytoplasm by immunofluorescence microscopy these structures are shown by immunoelectron microscopy to correspond to loosely organized bundles of nmdiameter S1 filaments the muscle and nonmuscle mhcs are segregated in the transfected cells the endogenous nonmuscle S1 displays a normal CSD pattern along stress fibers and does not colocalize with the muscle myosin filament bundles a similar assembly pattern and distribution are observed for expression of the muscle mhc in a myogenic cell line the myosin assembles into filament bundles micron in length that are distributed throughout the cytoplasm of the undifferentiated myoblasts and segregated from the endogenous nonmuscle S1 in both cell lines formation of the myosin filament bundles is dependent on the accumulation of the protein in contrast to these results the expression of a truncated mhc that lacks much of the rod domain produces an assembly deficient molecule the truncated mhc is diffusely distributed throughout the cytoplasm and not associated with cellular AS SF these results establish that the information necessary for the seommunity health | MEDAL |
nonsexually AS young females very rarely develop genital ulcers such ulcers pose a diagnostic challenge as well as PCS and emotional distress for patients and family therefore the search for their etiology requires exhaustive investigation several viruses such as epsteinbarr virus have been associated with this entity however mycoplasma pneumoniae has rarely been linked to such ulcers in the literature we present a case of vulvar ulcers in a nonsexually active young girl during the course of pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae | MEDAL |
acquired cerebellar lesions in adults have been shown to produce impairments in higher CF as exemplified by the cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome it is not yet known whether similar findings occur in children with acquired cerebellar lesions and whether developmental factors influence their presentation in studies to date survivors of childhood cerebellar tumours who demonstrate longterm deficits in cognitive functions have undergone surgery as well as cranial irradiation or methotrexate treatment investigation of the effects of the cerebellar lesion independent of the known deleterious effects of these agents is important for understanding the role of the cerebellum in cognitive and affective OD and for informing treatment and rehabilitation strategies if the cerebellar contribution to cognition and affect is significant then damage in childhood may influence a wide range of psychological processes both as an immediate consequence and as these processes fail to develop normally later on in this T0 we evaluated neuropsychological data in children who underwent resection of cerebellar tumours but who received neither cranial irradiation nor methotrexate chemotherapy impairments were noted in executive function including planning and sequencing and in visualspatial function expressive language verbal memory and modulation of affect these deficits were common and in some cases could be dissociated from motor deficits lesions of thene testing in patients with mild to moderate carpal tunnel syndrome in an attempt to identify a patient population with a silent loss of motor units in the affected hand as a result of the T0 we identified two CG of such patients first the group with an associated C2 radiculopathy and second the group with an increased amount of polyphasic motor units in the APB on electromyographic emg DUE potentially these patient populations are predisposed for PET impairment of the hand and therefore require a more active diagnostic and therapeutic DUE our T0 also indicates that morphology of motor unit potentials is a good indicator of the motor unit reserve and correlates well with our mune results mune testing proved to be a well tolerated reliable and practical technique in the diagnosis treatment and research of NM disorders | MEDAL |
sulfated glycosaminoglycan gag chains are a class of long linear PSs that are covalently attached to multiple core proteins to form proteoglycans pgs pgs are major pericellussor activate the pathway to inhibit yaptaz activity while growth factor signaling inhibits the pathway to activate yaptaz in the nucleus we examined its role in the OD of mouse mammary glands and RT formation using gland reconstitution by transplantation of GM mammary stem cells mascs knockdown of yap and taz with shrna in mascs did not inhibit gland reconstitution in contrast knockdown of βcatenin blocked gland reconstitution consistent with the known role of wnt signaling in mammary gland OD however we find that hippo signaling is involved in mammary tumor formation expression of a CA form of yap caused rapid formation of large PT moreover knockdown of yaptaz slowed the OD of PT in polyoma middle t transgenic mice a wellstudied mammary tumor MM involving activation of several signaling pathways yap accumulated in nuclei of mammary glands in erbbegfrtransgenic mice suggesting that egfr signaling affects yap in vivo similar to CC erbbegfrtransgenic mice develop mammary PT in months but surprisingly mascs from these mice did not form tumors when Tx into host mice nonetheless expression of dominantnegative lats which inhibits hippo signaling leads to tumor formation in erbbtransgenic mice suggesting that hippo signaling is involved in egfrinduced mammary tumorigenesis | MEDAL |
homocysteine hcy an intermediate in Met metabolism has been proposed to be involved in hepatic fibrogenesis impaired LF can alter hcy metabolism the aim of the present study was to determine plasma hcy alterations in acute obstructive cholestasis and the subsequent biliary cirrhosis cholestasis was induced by bile duct ligation and shamoperated and unoperated rats were used as controls the animals were studied on the days th th st and th after the operation plasma hcy cysteine Met nitric oxide no and CL sadenosylmethionine sam sadenosylhomocysteine sah sam to sah ratio and glutathione were measured chronic lname treatment was also included in the study plasma hcy concentrations were transiently elevated by the day th T3 bile duct ligation p and subsequently returned to control C2 similar relative fluctuations in plasma hcy were observed in bdl rats after intraperitoneal Met overload plasma Met cysteine and NO(x) were significantly increased after bile duct ligation sam to sah ratio was diminished by the st week of cholestasis and remained significantly decreased throughout the study these events were accompanied by a decrease in gsh to gssg ratio in the CL chronic lname treatment improved sam to sah ratio and prevented the elevation of plasma hcy and methionine p while couldnt influence the other parameters in conclusion this study demonstrates alterations in plasma hcy and CL sam and sah contents in precirrhotic stages and in AA biliary cirrhosis for the first time in addition we observed that plasma hcy concentrations in bdl rats follow a distinct pattern of alteration from what has been previously reported in other models of cirrhosis no overproduction may contribute to plasma hcy elevation and liver sam depletion T3 cholestasis | MEDAL |
several discussions of the neuroimaging of inflammatory diseases with emphasis on computerized tomography ct and magnetic resonance imaging mri findings and on rare diseases such as sparganosis neuroborreliosis and various types of encephalitis have been published during the past year infectious processes in immunosuppressed patients have been described by many authors especially in the field of AIDS syndrome aids the importance of gadoliniumdiethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid gddtpa in mri for delineation and differential diagnosis of the inflammatory processes has been considered newly introduced techniques such as technetiumm hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime mtchmpao single photon emission ct spect and proton spectroscopy have made the early detection of diseases possible | MEDAL |
participation in external quality assessment is an integral part of laboratory work and mandatory when the results have a clinical application which is one of the requirements of standard for accreditation of medical laboratories institute of clinical chemistry the first laboratory accredited for clinical cell analysis by FC in croatia participated in ukneqas for leukocyte immunophenotyping in schemes immune monitoring cd SC enumeration and leukaemia immunophenotyping for sample processing on epics xl FCM lyseno wash preparation technique with ammonium chloride nhcl or immunoprep lysing reagent was employed in immune monitoring programme cdsideward light scatter ssc proposed gating strategy was adopted for lymphocyte subsets while modified ishage protocol was used for cd cell enumeration absolute count determination was performed on flow cytometer using flowcount beads solution in the period from the beginning of until the middle of a total number of stabilized whole blood samples were processed the relative and absolute enumeration results for lymphocyte subsets were within tolerable limits in and of cases and and of cd cell enumeration respectively in immune monitoring cdssc proposed gating strategy is the most frequent analysis used participants and ishage protocol for cd cell determination with continuous rise from to a number of participants who accept beads method for absolute count enumeration on FCM get greater to while flowcount was the second of beadbased techniques used and sample treatment in lyseno wash technique using nhcl lysing solution was dominant procedure used by more than participants although its home made solution has replall progeny reduction semifield preventive assays on potted year old phoenix canariensis palms with efficacies up to confirmed the potential of this CS as a biological control agent against r ferrugineus | MEDAL |
anaplasma phagocytophilum the causative agent of tickborne fever tbf in sheep and cattle and human granulocytic anaplasmosis has the unique ability to infect and multiply within neutrophils eosinophils and monocytes cells at the frontline of the immune system infection with a phagocytophilum is also characterized by severe leukopenia due to lymphocytopenia neutropenia and TP lasting for several days by itself tbf does not cause high mortality rates but INF animals are more susceptible to other secondary infections Pr animals may abort and there is a severe reduction in milk yield in dairy cattle the susceptibility to AA infections can be attributed to the leukopenia that accompanies the disease and the organisms adverse effects on lymphocyte and PMNL functions one of its fascinating features is that it infects and actively grows in neutrophils by employing an array of mechanisms to subvert their bactericidal activity these include its ability to inhibit phagosomelysosome fusion to suppress respiratory burst and to delay the apoptotic death of neutrophils it is also able to survive within an apparently immune host by employing a complex mechanism of antigenic R2 | MEDAL |
the dysfunction of the ubiquitin proteasome system has been related to a broad array of neurodegenerative disorders in which the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates causes proteotoxicity the ability of proteasome inhibitors to induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis has emerged as a powerful strategy for CA therapy bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor used as an antineoplastic drug although its neurotoxicity frequently causes a severe sensory peripheral neuropathy in this T0 we used a rat MM of bortezomib treatment to study the nucleolar and cajal body responses to the proteasome inhibition in sensory ganglion neurons that are major targets of bortezomibinduced neurotoxicity treatment with bortezomib induced dosedependent dissociation of protein synthesis machinery chromatolysis and nuclear retention of polya rna LG resulting in neuronal dysfunction however as a compensatory response to the proteotoxic stress both nucleoli and CBs exhibited reactive changes these include an increase in the number and size of nucleoli strong nucleolar incorporation of the rna F0 fluorouridine and increased expression of both s rrna and genes encoding nucleolar proteins ubf fibrillarin and b taken together these findings appear to reflect the activation of the nucleolar transcription in response to proteotoxic stress furthermore the number of CBs a parameter related to transcriptional activity increases upon proteasome inhibition we propose that nucleoli and cajal bodies are important targets in the signaling pathways that are G1 by the proteotoxic AS response to proteasome inhibition the coordinating activity of these two organelles in the production of snrna snorna and rrna may contribute to neuronal survival T3 proteasome inhibition this article is part of a special issue entitled role of the nucleolus in human disease | MEDAL |
to T0 the cardiac effects induced by purified scorpion toxin tityustoxin tstx without circulatory and respiratory influences isolated guinea pig NF were used single injections of or micrograms tstx induced positive inotropic and chronotropic effects in the majority of the experiments the inotropic effects were dosedependent simultaneous recording of the electrical activity of the heart showed ST t wave inversion and st segment deviations SB andor av block were recorded in some experiments simultaneously with the positive inotropic effects T3 these initial events the larger dose of tstx elicited periodic changes of heart rate in of the experiments which were explained by wandering pacemakers during these periodic changes in HR rate the electrocardiogram showed SB idioventricular rhythm CR or partial av block sinus tachycardia sinus arrest and junctional rhythm the coronary flow varied inversely with the inotropism and the cardiac rate but the changes in flow were related mainly to the inotropism the effects of tstx on the electrocardiogram inotropism and coronary flow spontaneously disappeared min T3 toxin injection the arrhythmias induced by tstx were blocked either by propranolol or by atropine and are assumed to be due to the PR of CAs and acetylcholine from postganglionic nerve SF in the HR | MEDAL |
increased accountability requirements for the cost and SQ of healthcare force nurses to clearly define and verify nursings contributions to patient outcomes this demand necessitates documentation of nursing care in a precise manner an electronic nursing record system is considered a key element that enhances nurses ability not only to record nursing care provided to patients but also to measure report and monitor quality and effectiveness home care is a growing field as nurses attempt to meet the demand for longterm care the OD of an electronic record system for home care nursing was the immediate focus of this T0 we identified the nursing content required for HC nursing using standardized nursing languages and designed linkages among medical diagnoses nursing diagnoses nursing interventions and nursingsensitive outcomes within the system equipping an electronic nursing record system with nursing standards is particularly critical for enhancing nursing practice and for creating refined data to verify nursing effectiveness | MEDAL |
a dinuclear centrosymmetric copperii complex with the formula cumumaamaah has been synthesized and experimentally characterized by ir electronic spectroscopy and xray singlecrystal diffractometry starting from exp xray geometry and using antiferromagnetic singlet ground state gas phase geometry optimization was performed by density functional hybrid blyp method with gd and lanldz basis sets gasphase vibrational frequencies and single point energy spe calculations have been carried out at the geometryoptimized structure molecular electrostatic potential calculated at the optimized geometry and natural bond orbital analysis data have been extracted from spe output the gasphase electronic transitions of the title complex were investigated by the time dependentdensity PET theory tddft approach with the same theory employing lanldz basis set also the calculated uvvis based upon tddft results and ir spectra were simulated for comparison with the experimental ones | MEDAL |
we examined modulation of ionic currents by zn in acutely dissociated neurons from the rats horizontal limb of the diagonal band of broca using the wholecell patchclamp technique application of microm zn increased the peak amplitude of the transiently G1 potassium current ia at mv from to na n this response was reversible and could be repeated in ca microm tetrodotoxin n zn shifted the inactivation curve to the right resulting in a shift in the halfinactivation Vc from to mv n with no effect on the Vc dependence of activation gating n there was no significant difference in the time to peak under control conditions ms n and in the presence of zn ms n similarly the tau of ia taud at mv showed no difference control ms n zn ms n ia was blocked by mm aminopyridine in contrast to its effects on ia zn reduced the amplitude of the delayed rectifier potassium current ik the reduction of outward k currents was reproducible when cells were perfused with microm tetrodotoxin in a ca external solution the amplitude of the steadystate outward currents at mv under these conditions was reduced from control to na in the presence of zn n the amplitudes of peak sodium currents ina were not significantly influenced n whereas barium currents iba passing through calcium channels were potently modulated zn reversibly reduced iba at mv by approximately from na under control conditions to na in the presence of zn n further analyses of zn effects on TPS calcium channels reveals that it suppresses all types of highvoltageactivated ca currents under currentclamp conditions application of zn resulted in an increase in excitability and loss of accommodation n which appears to be mediated through its effects on cadependent conductances | MEDAL |
linomide is a synthetic immunomodulator that enhances A-NK cell activity and significantly activates several lymphocytic cell subpopulations in both experimental animals and humans in this T0 we examined the effect of linomide mg per kg per day in drinking water on mice with chronicrelapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis creae a tcellmediated organspecific autoimmune disease that resembles human multiple sclerosis none of the mice n that were treated with linomide from day T3 disease induction developed any clinical or histopathological signs of creae as compared to of UT controls that were severely paralyzed and had extensive demyelinating lesions in the CNS system linomidetreated animals were also resistant to an induced attack by a booster injection with a mu spinal cord homogenate when po to mice exhibiting severe clinical signs of paralysis linomide inhibited both spontaneous and induced relapses linomide treatment protected mice from passively induced creae as well when given from the day of injection with myelinbasicproteinspecific lymphocytes lymphocytes obtained from linomidetreated mice had a reduced in vitro proliferative response to the myelin basic protein and to the tuberculin purified protein derivative whereas the mitogenic response to concanavalin a was not affected A-NK cell and lymphokineactivated killer cell MICs were enhanced these results suggest that linomide regulates autoimmunity in the absence of SVR IS since linomide is very well tolerated in experimental animals and humans it might be used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis | MEDAL |
HbC is a hemoglobin variant encountered worldwide the regionswith high prevalence are west africa and SE asiathe objective of this T0 is to report cases of hemoglobin c disease brought together during these last twelve years in the laboratory of biochemistry and toxicology of rabatmilitary hospital mohammed v mhimv | MEDAL |
we demonstrate the application of corona discharge ion mobility spectrometry with orthogonal AT of flight mass spectrometry cd imsoatof for volatile organic EDC vocs monitoring twodimensional d imsoatof spectra of vocs were recorded in nearly real time the corona discharge atmospheric pressure chemical ionization apci source was operated in positive mode in nitrogen and air the cd ion source generates in air hohon and no the no offers additional possibility for selective ionization and for an increase of the sensitivity of monoaromatic compounds in addition to hohon and no we have carried out ionization of vocs using acetone as dopant gas chcoh sixteen MM vocs THF butanol npropanol isopropano AC methanol ethanol toluene BZ amomnia dioxan TEA acetonitrile formaldehyde mxylene trifluoroethylamine were tested using these ionization techniques | MEDAL |
pglycoprotein pgp is an atpdependent drug efflux pump responsible for CP multidrug resistance mdr pgp is part of a supergene family of membrane transport proteins that includes the cystic fibrosis gene product transfection of cells with the mdr gene has been previously shown to generate volumeregulated chloride channel activity in association with pgp expression we have used wholecell patch clamping to examine the drugsensitive t lymphoblastic cell line cemccrf and its CP mdr derivative cemvlb the results suggest that expression of pgp is not associated with increased chloride channel activity in this multidrug resistant cell line we were unable to confirm previously reported results in mdr transfected cell lines that suggested that pgp was associated with the presence of volumeregulated chloride channels | MEDAL |
the enzyme glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase d has a postulated role in the insulinmimetic signaling pathway of GPI compounds we have investigated enzyme activity in the SS of human type i diabetic patients and plasma and tissues of STZ diabetic rats following insulin administration in the human diabetic patients SS CEA fell by an average of sem p n following administration of insulin in addition SS enzyme activity appeared to be depleted by sem p n compared to nondiabetic controls in untreated diabetic rats plasma CEA gradually increased fold over a week period p n this increase was reversed and activity normalized when these animals were treated with insulin cloning of the rat GPI phospholipase d cdna enabled confirmation of the liver as the principal organ of synthesis analysis of mrna levels in the livers of the diabetic rats showed that gene expression was reduced in the insulintreated animals compared to the noninsulintreated controls by fold p n tissue enzyme activity was also reduced in the insulintreated rats in skeletal muscle enzyme activity was fold lower p n insulin therefore decreases glycosylphosphatidylinositol phospholipase d synthesis in diabetic animals resulting in decreased SS enzyme levels suggesting a relationship between this enzyme and the function of insulin | MEDAL |
defects in oxidative metabolism have been implicated in alzheimers disease ad the present study evaluated the level of cytochrome oxidase co an indicator of neuronal oxidative capacity in various BB regions of postmortem ad and control patients we found a statistically significant reduction in co C2 in all cortical Az examined including the primary and AA visual cortices in addition all layers of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus and sublaminae of the V1 in ad cases examined suffered a reduction in their relative co activity and protein amount our results suggest a generalized suppression of oxidative metabolism throughout the SC as well as in a L1 subcortical visual center in ad such hypometabolism may form the basis for not only deficits in higher cortical functions but alsofs of and respectively of the total number of samples to be screened by the presented elisa test thus in terms of time and cost savings the elisa test is a powerful tool for the purpose of screening for betaadrenergic drugs in human urine | MEDAL |
in the present report the metabolism of dehydroepiandrosterone androstene beta betadiol and androstenedione has been studied in two different shionogi PT one is LNCaP androgen CS and grows in intact male mice and the other is apparently androgenindependent androgen insensitive since the cells continue to grow in castrated antiandrogen flutamide treated male animals our data clearly show that both the CS and insensitive PT contain betahydroxysteroid delta delta isomerase which causes the transformation of c steroids into potent androgenic CS however the androgen CS tumor is able to convert androstene beta betadiol into hydroxyestrogens while the rate of conversion is extremely low in the insensitive RT most interestingly the production of alphareduced CS observed in both tissues was clearly higher in insensitive tumor homogenates | MEDAL |
although there has been an increasing interest in motor functions of the cingulate motor areas data concerning their input organization are still limited to address this issue the patterns of thalamic and cortical inputs to the rostral cmar dorsal cmad and ventral cmav cingulate motor areas were investigated in the macaque monkey tracer injections were made into identified forelimb representations of these Az and the distributions of retrogradely labeled neurons were analyzed in the TH and the frontal SC the cells of origin of thalamocortical projections to the cmar were located mainly in the parvicellular division of the ventroanterior nucleus and the oral division of the VL vlo on the other hand the TC neurons to the cmadcmav were distributed predominantly in the vlo and the oral division of the VPL nucleusthe caudal division of the ventrolateral nucleus additionally many neurons in the intralaminar nuclear group were seen to project to the cingulate motor areas except for their welldeveloped interconnections the corticocortical projections to the cmar and cmadcmav were also distinctively preferential major inputs to the cmar arose from the presupplementary motor area and the dorsal premotor cortex whereas inputs to the cmadcmav originated not only from these areas but also from the SMA area and the primary motor cortex the present results indicate that the cmar and the caudal CMA involving both the cmad and the cmav are characterized by distinct patterns of thalamocortical and intracortical connections reflecting their PET differences | MEDAL |
multicolor scanning laser ophthalmoscopy multicolor slo is a new informative method of eye fundus visualization the method is based on synchronously obtaining three separate confocal images with monochromatic laser sources blue nm green nm and infrared nm which are then combined into one in the multicolor mode | MEDAL |
in this paper we present a procedure to cryopreserve the embryos of a tephritid the mediterranean fruit fly ceratitis capitata by vitrification developmental stages between and hours after oviposition were examined for tolerance to cryopreservation embryos hrold and incubated at c were found to be at the most suitable stage for treatment effects of the previtrification steps of our protocol dechorionation permeabilization cryoprotectant loading and dehydration on survival to hatching were also assessed dechorionation did not affect viability while isopropanol and a hexane treatment used in the permeabilization step of the protocol reduced hatching by about this reduction was dependent on the amount of isopropyl alcohol carried over into the hexane rinse the remaining previtrification steps reduced hatching by an additional after optimization of the procedure normalized hatching was after vitrification in liquid nitrogen vapor followed by storage under liquid nitrogen for a test period of days post cryopreservation larval diets containing wheat bran corncob grits or agar as the base were examined for survival to pupation and emergence a yield of egg to AD emergence was obtained when the agarbased diet was used for rearing larvae that had experienced cryopreservation during the embryonic stage | MEDAL |
the effects of ultraviolet uv irradiation on CMC were examined in order to clarify the GABA mechanisms of allosensitization by uv irradiation uvbirradiated target cells sa an epsteinbarr virustransformed b cell line exhibited more resistance against alloreactive cytotoxic t lymphocytes ctl than MMC c mmctreated target cells in the conjugate formation assay uvbirradiated target cells showed a considerably lower IB to alloreactive ctl than mmctreated target cells uvb irradiation induced a reduction of hlaclass i dr cd icam and cd lfa expression on target cells however it does not seem to contribute to the inhibition of cell adhesion induced by uvb irradiation because a similar reduction of CSA was observed in mmctreated target cells number of cells capped with antihlaclass i dr cd or cd monoclonal antibody were markedly reduced by uvb irradiation compared to that by mmc treatment these findings suggest the possibility that the inhibition of cell adhesion between uvbirradiated sa target cells and alloreactive ctl is due to the impaired mobility of cell surface antigens which will affect the early process of cellmediated cytolysis | MEDAL |
it has been shown that bacteria of the genus bacillus inhibited the development of infection caused by clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis in tomatoes presowing seed treatment with suspensions of bacillus subtilis imv b and bacillus pumilus enhanced resistance of plants to bacterial disease of cancer probably due to the synthesis of biologically active substances with antimicrobial properties by these bacteria of the two strains of bacillus differing by antagonist properties to c michiganensis subsp michiganensis a significant stimulating effect on the growth and OD of tomatoes was provided by the CS b subtilis imv b which is part of the bacterial preparations for crop production | MEDAL |
a clinical mercury sphygmomanometer was used to measure maximal expiratory pressure mep in boys mean age yr and girls mean age yr of a village in interior maharashtra the values of mmhg sd for the boys and mmhg for the girls were quite comparable to the respiratory pressures reported elsewhere in literature even though the subjects were apparently poorly nourished there was no statistical difference between the meps of boys and girls the mep was positively and significantly p correlated to height r and weight r in the boys the mep denoting respiratory muscle strength also correlated positively with HG power used to represent nonrespiratory muscle strength r p the simple reproducible method of measuring mep as described may be useful for measuring this important physiological parameter at the bedside in children whose respiratory muscle function needs to be evaluated | MEDAL |
many plants sense the seasonal cues day length or photoperiod changes to align the timing of the developmental transition to flowering with changing seasons for reproductive success inductive day lengths through the LD pathway induce the expression of FT ft or ft relatives that encode a L1 mobile florigen to promote flowering in arabidopsis thaliana under inductive long days the photoperiod pathway output CO co accumulates toward the end of the day and associates with the b and c subunits of nuclear factor y nfy to form the nfco complex that acts to promote ft expression near dusk whereas Pc group pcg proteins function to silence ft expression how nfco acts to antagonize the CF of pcg proteins to regulate ft expression remains unclear here we show that the nfco complex bound to the proximal ft promoter through chromatin looping acts in concert with an nfy complex bound to a distal enhancer to reduce the C2 of pcg proteins including both Pc repressive complex prc and prc at the ft promoter leading to a relieving of Pc silencing and thus ft derepression near dusk thus our study provides molecular insights on how the active photoperiod pathway and the repressive polycomb silencing system interact to control temporal ft expression conferring the longday induction of flowering in arabidopsis | MEDAL |
sample orientation relative to the static magnetic field of an nmr spectrometer allows T0 of membrane proteins in the lipid bilayer setting the straightforward preparation and handling of extremely thin mica substrates with consistent surface properties has prompted us to examine oriented phospholipid bilayer and hexagonal phases on mica the spectral characteristics of oriented lipid samples formed on mica are as good as or better than those on glass nine solvents with varying dielectric constants were used to cast lipid films or for vesicle spreading film characteristics were then compared and static solidstate pnmr was used to characterize the degree of orientation of the hydrated lipid species lipids with four headgroup chemistries were tested palmitoyloleoylsnglycerophosphocholine popc palmitoyloleoylsnglycerophosphoglycerol popg dioleoylsnglycerophosphate dopa and dioleoylsnglycerophosphoethanolamine dope solvent affected orientation of popg dopa and dope but not popc film characteristics varied with solvent with ramifications for producing homogeneous oriented lipid samples popc was used to optimize the amount of lipid per substrate and compare hydration methods popg did not orient reproducibly whereas popgpopc mixtures did dopa showed oriented states depending upon hydration level and deposition method dope formed an oriented hexagonal phase that underwent a reversible temperatureinduced phase transition to the oriented bilayer phase | MEDAL |
cells need to interact with one another for the inflammatory response to occur the ICAM-1 icam a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family plays an important role in inflammation and cICAM-1 has been reported to be elevated in patients with some inflammatory disorders to study the influence of asthma on circulating icam levels we measured concentrations of circulating icam in patients with asthma fifteen patients male female mean age years and controls male female mean age years were included in the study daily peak flow rates and symptom scores were monitored over a week in all patients and methacholine challenge tests were performed in patients the spirometric analysis of asthmatic patients demonstrated mean fev l predicted mean fevfvc mean BDR the mean morning peak flow rate was lmin the mean evening PF rate lmin the mean IP eosinophil count mm and the mean SS ige level iuml the mean serum icam C2 of asthmatic patients and controls were ngml and ngml respectively there was no statistical difference between these levels furthermore we could find no rho between SS icam C2 and fev SS ige C2 PF rates and symptom scores or methacholine pd values in asthmatic patients the results of this study suggest that serum icam C2 are not increased in AP over controls and do not correlate with clinical asthma status | MEDAL |
eating disorders are associated with both negative and positive emotional reactions towards food individual eating disorder symptoms may relate to distinct emotional responses to food which could necessitate tailored treatments based on symptom presentation we examined associations between eating disorder symptoms and psychophysiological responses to food versus neutral images in college students mean sd age mean sd body mass index reflexive and facial electromyography measures tapping negative emotional reactivity startle blink reflex and appraisal corrugator muscle response as well as positive emotional reactivity postauricular reflex and appraisal zygomaticus muscle response were collected eating disorder cognitions correlated with more corrugator activity to food versus neutral images indicating negative appraisals of food binge eating was associated with increased postauricular reflex CR to food versus neutral images suggesting enhanced appetitive motivation to food the combination of cognitive eating disorder PS and binge eating may result in motivational conflict towards food copyright © john wiley sons ltd and eating disorders association | MEDAL |
neuronal death occurs during normal development and disease and can be regulated by steroid hormones in the hawkmoth manduca sexta individual accessory planta retractor apr MNs undergo a segmentspecific pattern of PCD pcd at pupation that is triggered directly and cell autonomously by the steroid hormone hydroxyecdysone e aprs from ABD segment six aprs die by hours T3 pupal ecdysis pe entry into the pupal stage whereas aprs survive until adulthood CC experiments showed previously that e acts directly on aprs to trigger pcd with intrinsic segmental identity determining which aprs die the apr death pathway includes caspase activation and loss of mitochondrial function we used transmission electron microscopy to investigate the ultrastructure of apr somata before and during pcd aprs showed normal ultrastructure at all stages examined as did aprs until approximately stage pe during apr death there was massive accumulation of autophagic HB and vacuoles mitochondria became ultracondensed and aggregated into compact clusters and ribosomes aggregated in C1 blocks nuclear ultrastructure remained normal without chromatin condensation until the NE fragmented late in the death process LM immunocytochemistry showed that dying aprs were tunelpositive which is diagnostic of fragmented dna these observations indicate that the steroidinduced caspasedependent cellautonomous pcd of aprs is autophagic not AI and support an early role for mitochondrial alterations during pcd this system permits the study of neuronal death in response to its bona fide developmental signal the rise in a steroid hormone | MEDAL |
in a previous large epidemiological survey of patients with strictly defined schizophrenia in the london borough of camden we extracted four behavioural syndromes social withdrawal thought disturbance antisocial behaviour and depressed behaviour by factor analysis of mrc social behaviour schedule sbs data these syndromes had significant differential relationships to symptoms assessed using the manchester scale ms symptomderived syndromes and social functioning variables a second innerlondon epidemiological survey of schizophrenia in south westminster using identical methodology found the same four behavioural syndromes with MZ core component items the same four behavioural syndromes were extracted whether applying strict feighner diagnostic criteria n or broader dsmiiir criteria n the four syndromes extracted from the feighner positive sample showed relationships to symptoms and social SF-36 variables similar to those found in the original camden T0 however the symptomderived AF were not the same and did not conform to the three recognised symptombased syndromes of schizophrenia this successful replication suggests that assessment of the four behavioural syndromes of schizophrenia offers a different perspective on disability and a potentially relevant measure in clinical practice clinical trials and studies of the neuropsychology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia | MEDAL |
blood capillaries are assumed to be circular cylinders composed of an inner layer of EC cells surrounded by an acellular uniformly thick BL the capillary basal lamina is the structural and PET interface between the capillary endothelial cells and the adjacent extracellular matrix important in growth and control mechanisms of the endothelial cell capillaries examined in electron micrographs are cut randomly and a projected image of a capillary other than perpendicular to its long axis will produce artifactual thickening of the assumed uniformly thick basal lamina we have developed an interactive computer program to determine the thickness of the capillary basal lamina that corrects the thickness resulting from the sectioning artifact we have applied this methodology to demonstrate that the BL of the pancreatic capillaries of the rat are uniformly thick | MEDAL |
in when the world health assembly adopted a resolution calling for the eradication of dracunculiasis guinea worm disease an estimated million persons in countries had the disease and approximately million persons were at risk for infection by the end of annual incidence of the disease had been reduced seven countries in which dracunculiasis formerly was endemic cameroon chad india kenya pakistan senegal and yemen were free of the disease and four countries central african republic ethiopia mauritania and uganda reported cases each during the number of villages outside sudan that reported cases decreased from approximately to this report describes the status of the global dracunculiasis eradication program dep as of june the data indicate that incidence of the disease outside ghana and sudan has declined substantially since june continuing efforts in all countries in which the disease is endemic intensified efforts in ghana and an end to the ongoing war in sudan are required for the eradication of dracunculiasis | MEDAL |
the aim of the study was to evaluate the photochemical effects of ultraviolet uv light on biologically AS substances usable in radionuclide diagnosis human immunoglobulin igg was irradiated with uv light at nm and labelled with technetiummtc by reducing pertechnetatemtc with stannous chloride or by use of redox polymer rp spc radiochemical purity was evaluated using paper chromatography the biodistribution of labelled igg in rats with experimentally induced inflammation was determined by counting the mtc activity of isolated organs or by planar gamma camera imaging and hours C2 irradiated igg shows a higher efficacy of mtc labelling compared with nonirradiated igg and photoactivation raises the number of free sh CG uv light has a beneficial effect on mtcigg stability the stability of a kit prepared using redox CP is significantly higher by compared with that of a kit prepared using stannous chloride by human igg irradiation more than triples mtc deposition into inflammatory lesions photoactivation can be used in formulating proteinbased radiopharmaceuticals in an effort to improve their biodistribution in NM diagnostic imaging | MEDAL |
the malignant tumor deriving from the IP nerve sheet previously described as malignant schwannoma or neurosarcoma is extremely rare as malignancy localized in the larynx the half of cases has been developing on the basis of NF in von recklinghausen disease type i or seldom type ii the high grade of malignancy end tendency to reccurences and distant metastases is typical for this PT the case of year old man with larynx neurosarcoma was presented the diagnostic difficulties were caused by clinical presentation of the smooth RT covered by unchanged mucosa and typical histological features of the tumor the final histological assessment was complemented by positive immunohistochemical reaction antigens against protein s nse and pg | MEDAL |
physicians awareness about neuropsychiatric syndromes in systemic LE sle is not rarely limited to seizures and psychoses included in the american college of rheumatology acr classification involvement of the CNS system cns with its rich symptomatology still belongs to the faintly recognised and understood aspects of lupus the objective was to investigate prevalence and clinical correlations of psychiatric disorders in sle patients fiftytwo sle patients were included disease duration and current and cumulative corticosteroid doses were calculated disease activity was assessed with the systemic lupus activity measure slam all subjects were examined by a psychiatrist psychiatric disorders were classified according to acr criteria for NP SLE erythematosus npsle MMS mmse and CDT cdt were used to screen for cognitive impairments mental disorders were diagnosed in depressive disorder in cognitive dysfunction in anxiety disorder in and psychosis in one patient sle duration was shorter in patients diagnosed with anxiety disorder p and cumulative dose of corticosteroids was lower in patients with anxiety disorder p there was high positive correlation between sle duration and CD of corticosteroids r p shorter sle duration in patients with anxiety disorder seems to reflect its adaptative nature | MEDAL |
polygraphic respiratory recordings of neonates were obtained from the infants in paediatric intensive care unit of a C1 public hospital thirty infants were PT and thirty infants were in the term control group the recordings were analysed for PB and apnoeic episodes results were also determined for apnoeic density in preterm and term infants apnoeic episodes were found to be statistically significant in the preterm infants over term infants | MEDAL |
AL both myeloid and lymphoblastic in patients treated for hodgkins disease hd is thought to have a poor prognosis we report four adults who developed secondary ALL leukaemia all following chemoradiotherapy for hd the chromosomal translocation t qq was found in two patients who received a chemotherapeutic regimen containing the dna topoisomerase ii inhibitor etoposide three of the four patients are alive and in unmaintained first remission at and years from diagnosis of all two following ABMT transplantation these results suggest that all following hd may have a good prognosis when treated aggressively | MEDAL |
immunological crossreactions among legionella species were investigated with sonicated proteinase kdigested cell lysates the antigens separated by sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel PACE were either analyzed for lipopolysaccharides lpss by silver staining or transferred to nitrocellulose CM for serological characterization with rabbit antibodies directed against legionella pneumophila serogroups and when antiserum prepared against serogroup was used to probe the lpss from l pneumophila serogroups to the antibodies recognized a common epitope harbored by all l pneumophila serogroups but not by other legionella species or by the GNB tested as controls hence the serogroup AS correctly identified all serogroups of l pneumophila tested in the lps immunoblot assay moreover the silverstained profiles of the isolated lpss revealed characteristic patterns allowing the identification of the individual serogroups of l pneumophila | MEDAL |
the author presents three decades of experience in the management of anterior CW deformities during this period more than operations were performed on patients with PE and carinatum in this series there was no death and serious complications were rare the author believes that the principles on which surgical treatment of pectus excavatum should be based are as follows BL removal of the culprit costal cartilages adequate mobilization of the sternum and correction of the sternal positional deformity by transverse osteotomy stabilizing the QTc position of the sternum with a substernal hammock support using this technique the author developed new surgical techniques for the correction of different varieties of CW deformities pectus excavatum asymmetric pectus excavatum pectus carinatum with xiphoid angulation horizontal pectus excavatum asymmetric pectus carinatum chondrosternal prominence with chondrogladiolar depression and recurrent PE the present method applied for correction of PE utilizes the above principles and a substernal marlex mesh support with bilateral muscle coverage for carinatum repair the author routinely uses positional correction of the sternum and sternal shortening patients who have significant pectus deformities should undergo surgical repair preferably between one and eight years of age | MEDAL |
to determine the degree to which neurologic CF cough peak flows and quantity of endotracheal secretions affected the extubation outcomes of patients who had passed a trial of spontaneous breathing sbt | MEDAL |
four patients of DD somatic type were treated with clomipramine mgday all patients showed marked clinical improvement T3 days of clomipramine treatment in one case previous treatments by various AP drugs including PIM had been unsuccessful this report suggests that clomipramine is ERP at least for some patients with delusional disorder somatic type including pimozideresistant cases it is also suggested that there is some association between DD somatic type and see motility hypoosmotic HOS acrosome integrity and sperm viability and h was carried out in a group of subfertile patients with varicocele and marginal semen analysis and fertile subjects in order to identify subclinical CA that may explain subfertility patients with varicocele had lower numbers of potentially PET spermatozoa per ejaculate progressive motility acrosome and membrane integrity and sperm viability these abnormalities were not related to the grade of varicocele testicular volume or SS fsh concentration a positive rho between the hypoosmotic HOS and progressive motility r and between potentially functional spermatozoa and the hypoosmotic swelling test r was found in patients with varicocele these data suggest that some of the deleterious effects produced by the varicocele might be related to sperm migration and viability in the female genital tract and others to spermzona interaction andor spermegg fusion | MEDAL |
to determine the effect of gossypol on growth and reproductive development brahman bulls n were fed diets containing GP or mgkg bwd or a diet free of gossypol from weaning through puberty diets contained cottonseed meal csm whole cottonseed wcs or soybean meal sbm as the major sources of dietary cp diets were formulated to provide similar neg for mediumframed bulls to gain kgd measurements of bw and scrotal circumference were obtained at d intervals and beginning at mo of age electroejaculates were collected at d intervals by d on feed bulls fed wcs had gained less p bw and tended p to have lower G/F than bulls fed csm when spermatozoa were first detected in an ejaculate bulls fed csm tended p to be younger than bulls fed wcs vs d sbm d bulls fed sbm were heavier p than bulls fed GP vs kg but they had similar scrotal circumferences bulls fed wcs reached puberty at an older p age d than bulls fed csm d sbm d but had similar bw and scrotal circumferences electroejaculated semen SQ and quantity did not differ p between treatments at puberty seminiferous tubule diameters did not differ p among treatments but bulls fed diets that contained gossypol had larger p lumenal diameters smaller p germinal epithelium thickness and fewer p germ cell layers than bulls fed sbm dietsabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
meaningful comparison of patient outcomes requires an assessment of the severity of illness for the patients being compared the more severe the underlying illness the worse the expected outcome we studied several severity of illness indicators derived from different methodologies in a MICU we compared the acute physiologic and chronic health DUE ii the accepted benchmark indicator for intensive care units with one complex indicator computerized severity score and three simpler indicators comorbidity mccabejackson and american society of anesthesiologists we found that all correlated well with a comorbidity index we conclude that the acute physiologic and chronic health DUE ii the computerized severity score and the mccabejackson scoring systems appear to be comparable predictors of comorbidity in a medical intensive care unit selection of a severity indicator will depend on the resources available and the intended uses | MEDAL |
by treating eleven patients with an individual C1 field therapy adapted to the single stage and subsequent chemotherapy leukeran we obtained an average survival time of months living patients and months patients died respectively late complications of this therapy were not observed the tolerance was good in case of recurrence T3 this treatmescribed benignappearing suprasellar mass that was enhanced with infusion of contrast medium at craniotomy a glioma of the optic chiasm that extended into the left optic nerve was observed | MEDAL |