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the authors described experience in the use of the method of extracorporal hemosorption in patients with grave hemoblastoses nineteen of them were given hemosorptions though severe disorders of the blood aggregate condition thrombocytopenia and signs of disorder of thrombocyte CF were present no hemorrhagic complications during HS were observed mean doses of heparin taking account of its consumption for sorbent treatment were iukg of body mass in TP and iukg of body mass with the normal level of thrombocytes the refusal of protaminesulfate administration to neutralize residual heparin at the end of T0 for fear of possible complications made it possible to restore the initial indices of homeostasis hrs T3 sorption this scheme for examination of the homeostasis system made it possible to control the adequacy of patients heparinization and to avoid complications of the blood coagulation system | MEDAL |
the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus merscov an emerging human coronavirus causes severe acute respiratory illness with a mortality rate in light of the recent surge in reported infections we have developed asymmetric fiveprimer reverse transcription loopmediated isothermal amplification rtlamp assays for detection of merscov isothermal amplification assays will facilitate the development of portable pointofcare diagnostics that are crucial for management of emerging infections the rtlamp assays are designed to amplify merscov genomic loci located within the open reading frame orfa and orfb genes and UP of the e gene additionally we applied OS strand displacement probes osd for RT sequencespecific verification of lamp amplicons asymmetric amplification effected by incorporating a single loop primer in each CA accelerated the timetoresult of the osdrtlamp assays the resulting assays could detect to PI forming units pfu to pfuml of merscov in INF CC supernatants within to min and did not crossreact with common human respiratory pathogens | MEDAL |
the use of human biomonitoring hbm as a tool for environmental health policy and research is developing rapidly in israel despite challenges in securing political and financial support for hbm the MOH has initiated national hbm studies and has utilized hbm data in environmental health policy decision making currently the MOH is collecting urine samples from children and adults in the framework of the national health and nutrition study mabat with the goal of ongoing surveillance of population SE to pesticides and ETS and of combining hbm data with data on diet and health SMB in academic research studies in israel biomarkers are used increasingly in environmental epidemiology including in three AS birth cohort studies on adverse health effects of phthalates brominated flame retardants and organophosphate pesticides future MOH goals include establishing hbm analytical capabilities developing a long term national hbm plan for israel and participating in the proposed hbmeu project in order to improve data harmonization one of the lessons learned in israel is that even in the absence of a formal hbm program it is possible to collect meaningful hbm data and use it in an ad hoc fashion to support environmental health policy | MEDAL |
spitz nevus is a benign melanocytic lesion and also one of the main differential diagnosis of melanoma a descriptive and retrospective study of surgical specimens from patients with a diagnosis of spitz nevus was conducted at two institutions in niterói rj cases were analyzed the most frequent histological subtype was compound with a predominance of epithelioid cells cases pagetoid spread was observed in cases maturation of MC was present in cases kamino bodies were found in eight cases atypical MC were present in cases mitoses were present in cases detailed knowledge of the CP form of spitz nevi is essential for the differential diagnosis with melanoma however no single criterium is definitive in the differential diagnosis between SN and melanoma | MEDAL |
the heart weight measured at medicolegal autopsies in these days are usually heavier than the data of the mean value of japanese in textbooks and papers which were surveyed around the second world war as it was supposed that some improvement of the nutrition and physique since the end of the war should make the heart weight heavier the value on cases of medicolegal autopsy was measured and analyzed the results revealed that the heart weight in the late of teens reaches the old value of grownups and the mean values of men g and women g earned by the present study are far more than those described in the former reports it was presumed that periodic researches for the standard HR weight are indispensable in the consequence of the present T0 | MEDAL |
one of the main problems T3 total knee arthroplasty is pain in the patellofemoral joint which in some cases leads to revision surgery rotation of the femoral component has a significant influence on the path followed by the patella within the PF joint we examined the influence of rotation of the FA component T3 total knee arthroplasty on patellar tilt we retrospectively analysed the radiographs of patients who underwent primary lcs total knee arthroplasty without patella resurfacing and without lateral release rotation of the FA component was determined using kanekasus technique and patellar tilt assessment according to laurin on merchants views this radiographic T0 confirmed a highly significant correlation between ER of the femoral component and a decrease in patellar tilt following tka furthermore we found a highly significant rho between pre and postoperative patellar tilt angle | MEDAL |
directional coronary atherectomy is a new percutaneous interventional technique in which coronary arterial stenotic material is shaved off to alleviate stenosis this T0 presents the initial outcome of coronary atherectomy at green lane and mercy hospitals where the L1 indications for atherectomy are lesions with angiographic appearances unfavourable for balloon angioplasty or where balloon angioplasty had been unsuccessful | MEDAL |
this study examines the crosssectional association of hysterectomy and oophorectomy status CA and years since menopause with plasma levels of total and BT and estradiol androstenedione estrone and sex hormonebinding globulin shbg in communitydwelling PM women who were not using ERT six hundred and eightyfour women aged yr were surveyed for hysterectomy and oophorectomy status and had plasma obtained between of these had not undergone hysterectomy or oophorectomy IN reported hysterectomy with BL oophorectomy and reported hysterectomy with conservation of or both ovaries after adjustment for age and body mass index both total and bioavailable testosterone C2 were reduced by more than p in hysterectomized women with BL oophorectomy compared to those in intact women with intermediate C2 observed in hysterectomized women with ovarian conservation androstenedione levels were about lower in hysterectomized women with or without ovarian conservation compared to those in intact women p total estradiol C2 tended to be lower p in bilaterally OVX women C2 of bioavailable estradiol estrone and shbg did not differ by hysterectomy and oophorectomy status among IN women total but not bioavailable testosterone levels increased with age p reaching premenopausal levels for the decade with relatively SD C2 thereafter among oophorectomized women total and BT C2 did not vary with age and were lower than those in intact women throughout the yr age range androstenedione C2 decreased and shbg levels increased p with age in IN but not oophorectomized women C2 of other hormones did not vary with age stratification by years since menopause or surgery yielded similar results these results demonstrate that the PM ovary remains a critical source of androgen throughout the lifespan of older women the clinical consequences of lower testosterone levels years T3 oophorectomy are unknown reconsideration of prophylactic oophorectomy and clinical trials to evaluate the effects of androgen replacement T3 oophorectomy are needed | MEDAL |
the transplantation of isolated islets of langerhans is nearing acceptance as treatment of type diabetes mellitus because the arterial and venous connections of the pancreas are disrupted during islet isolation islets must be revascularized after transplantation | MEDAL |
a growing body of research indicates that testosterone influences spatial cognition in male rats however the overwhelming majority of studies have been conducted on tasks motivated by either food deprivation or water escape the hippocampusdependent version of the ymaze task which characterizes spatial recognition SM capitalizes on the propensity of rats to gravitate toward novel spatial environments and is not contingent upon either appetite or the stress associated with water escape two AF also affected by testosterone accordingly the aim of the current study was to examine the effects of orchidectomy and subsequent testosterone treatment on spatial recognition SM ORX did not impact spatial recognition SM when the delay between the information and retention trials of the ymaze task was h alternatively on the second ymaze task which featured a h delay between trials orchidectomy reduced and treatments that produced higher C2 of testosterone restored preference for the arm associated with the novel spatial environment importantly there were no differences in activity levels as a function of ORX or testosterone treatment on either of the two tasks consistent with previous findings orchidectomy attenuated and testosterone treatment restored both body WG and the RW of the androgensensitive ischiocavernosus muscle which confirmed the tau of orchidectomy and testosterone treatments on physiological outcomes therefore testosterone influenced spatial cognition on a task that minimized the influence of nonmnemonic factors and took advantage of the innate preference of rodents to seek out novel spatial environments | MEDAL |
the time data used to analyze the significance of timetotreatment intervals on times from sudden cardiac arrest se reasons the secondgeneration SUs are preferred insulin therapy is required in patients with hyperosmolar state infection or other forms of AS or in those who fail to respond to treatment with oral SU some patients may benefit from the concurrent administration of insulin and an oral agent hypoglycemia is the greatest risk of drug therapy in elderly patients with niddm this is especially true in elderly patients who are exquisitely sensitive to the effects of sulfonylureas and insulin treatment should therefore be initiated at very low doses and gradually adjusted | MEDAL |
caoalosio system glass ceramics of incinerator fly ash have been prepared by vitrification and then heattreated in different conditions the thermal molten process tmp was applied to heat treat vitrified samples at high temperatures whereas in the powder sintering process waterquenched vitrified samples were ground into powder and then sintered at high temperatures gehlenite was found present as the major phase in all treated samples treated samples in GA exhibited good leachability characteristics as well as chemical durability except in the hcl solution microstructure and PCS properties varied with the treatment condition fine and relatively high dense structures with desirable properties were obtained for samples treated by the tmp for both processes higher temperature treatments caused crystal growth and thus poor properties were attained good physical and mechanical properties achieved at degrees c in this T0 imply the treated samples have attractive potential for engineering applications | MEDAL |
the etiology of persistent diarrhea in children is multifactorial the objective of the current T0 was to ascertain the role of microorganisms in the etiology and pathogenesis of PD in a group of children in bangladesh | MEDAL |
zinc is essential for cell proliferation differentiation and viability when zinc becomes limited for cultured cells dna synthesis ceases and the cell cycle is arrested the molecular mechanisms of actions of zinc are believed to involve changes in the availability of zincii ions zn by employing a fluorescent zn probe fluozin acetoxymethyl ester intracellular zn concentrations were measured in undifferentiated and in nerve growth factor ngfdifferentiated PC12 pc cells intracellular zn concentrations are pico to nanomolar in pc cells and are higher in the differentiated than in the undifferentiated cells when following cellular zn concentrations for h after the removal of serum a condition that is known to cause cell cycle arrest zn concentrations decrease after min but remarkably increase after h and then decrease again to about one half of the initial concentration cell proliferation measured by an mtt dimethylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium bromide CA decreases after both SS starvation and zinc chelation two peaks of zn concentrations occur within one Tc one early in the g phase and the other in the late gs phase thus fluctuations of intracellular zn concentrations and established modulation of phosphorylation signaling via an inhibition of protein IMT phosphatases at commensurately low zn concentrations suggest a role for zn in the control of the Tc interventions targeted at these picomolar zn fluctuations may be a way of contsegments envelop the ligand enclosing it in a cavity whose base is formed by the betasheet such that ligand IB and release must be accompanied by conformational rearrangements of the distal portion of the structure descriptions of binding are presently limited by the absence of a gaf domain for which both liganded and unliganded structures are known earlier we solved the crystal structure of the gaf domain of cody a branchedchain CAA and gtpresponsive regulator of the transcription of stationaryphase and virulence genes in bacillus in complexes with isoleucine and valine here we report the structure of this domain in its unliganded form allowing definition of the structural changes accompanying ligand IB the core of the protein and its dimerisation interface are essentially unchanged in PA with CD experiments that show that the secondary structure composition is unperturbed by ligand IB there is however extensive refolding of the IB site loops with up to a movements of the coiled segment linking beta and beta such that the binding pocket is not formed in the absence of the ligand the implications of these structural rearrangements for ligand affinity and specificity are discussed finally saturationtransferdifference nmr spectroscopy showed binding of isoleucine but not that of gtp to the gaf domain suggesting that the two cofactors do not have a common IB site | MEDAL |
maternal phenylketonuria results in a high incidence of children born who are MR it has been suggested that bloodbrainbarrier transport of phenylalanine may be reduced by competitive inhibition of transporter uptake by supplemental administration of other C1 NAA we hypothesized that C1 NAA might also be effective at improving the outcome of fetuses exposed to HPA in utero if correct sparing of embryonic cns OD might be possible Pr rats were given a hyperphenylalaninemic diet CT or the same diet supplemented with a combination of valine isoleucine and leucine as adults the progeny exposed in utero to hyperphenylalaninemia showed characteristic learning deficits in a complex maze while those exposed in utero to hyperphenylalaninemia combined with valine isoleucine and leucine showed no deficits in maze acquisition the valine isoleucine and leucine supplement may show promise as a treatment for intrauterinely acquired mental deficiency associated with maternal PKU | MEDAL |
replication fork stalling at a dna lesion generates a damage signal that activates the rad kinase which plays a vital role in survival by stabilizing stalled replication forks however evidence that rad directly modulates the activity of replication forks has been lacking and the nature of fork stabilization has remained unclear recently cells lacking the psypph phosphatase were shown to be defective in dephosphorylation of rad as well as replication fork restart T3 dna damage suggesting a mechanistic link between rad deactivation and fork restart to test this possibility we examined the progression of replication forks in methylmethanesulfonate mmsdamaged cells under different conditions of rad activity hyperactivity of rad in pphdelta cells slows fork progression in mms whereas deactivation of rad through expression of dominantnegative radkd is sufficient to allow fork restart during REC furthermore combined deletion of pph and ptc a second unrelated rad phosphatase results in complete replication fork arrest and lethality in mms demonstrating that rad deactivation is a key mechanism controlling fork restart we propose a MM for regulation of replication fork progression through damaged dna involving a cycle of rad activation and deactivation that coordinates replication restart with dna repair | MEDAL |
reaching to grasp is of fundamental importance to primate motor behavior one descending motor pathway that contributes to the control of this SMB is the rubrospinal tract an important source of origin of the rubrospinal tract is the MC red nucleus rnm forelimb rnm SN discharge vigorously during reachtograsp movements rnm discharge is important for hand use as coordinated wholelimb movements without hand use are not associated with strong discharge because rnm is functionally linked to muscles of the entire forelimb rnm discharge may also contribute to use of the PT limb that accompanies hand use if rnm contributes to PT limb use we predict discharge to differ for reaches that differ in proximal limb involvement but require the same grasp we tested this prediction by measuring discharge of individual rnm neurons while monkeys reached to grasp objects in four spatial locations in front of them the animals reached from the waist to locations to the left RA above and below the shoulder of the reaching limb rnm neurons of our sample were G1 strongly during reachtograsp and discharge of a third of the SN tested depended on the spatial location of the object grasped discharge of rnm neurons and emg activity of many of the distal and proximal forelimb muscles we tested were larger for reaching to grasp in the upper andor RA than lower and left target locations based on comparisons of each individual SN discharge patterns during reaches with and without preshaping the hand we conclude that target locationdependent modulations in discharge rate of the majority of rnm neurons whose discharge differed for reaching to grasp in the four target locations contributed to aspects of hand preshaping that covaried with reach direction | MEDAL |
osmotic AS elicits hypertonic nacl secretion and promotes structural and biochemical differentiation in avian salt glands in addition to cholinergic control cl secretion is stimulated by VIP vip suggesting that the cystic fibrosis TM conductance regulator cftr may be present and that its expression may be regulated by chronic salt stress anion efflux assayed by SPQ fluorescence changes in single cells was stimulated by vip or chlorophenylthioadenosine cyclic monophosphate immunoblots with a coohterminal peptide antibody to human cftr revealed approximately and approximately kda bands in lysates from control and saltstressed PG respectively both variants reduced to approximately kda T3 nglycanase digestion and gave identical tryptic phosphopeptide maps after immunoprecipitation and phosphorylation by protein kinase a cftr was localized to apical CM by immunofluorescence and additionally to subapical vesicles by immunoelectron microscopy salt AS induced an approximately twofold increase in cftr abundancecell protein approximately foldcell and intensified apical membrane immunofluorescence for comparison na pump expression increased approximately fourfold per cell protein with little NC in actin thus differentiation induced by salt AS is accompanied by alteration in cftr abundance and glycosylation upregulation of cftr likely contributes to increased efficiency of cl secretion | MEDAL |
alphahuman atrial natriuretic peptide alphahanp has a vasodilating and diuretic action intravenous continuous administration of alpha hanp microgramkgmin was attempted for two patients with low urine output despite good hemodynamics following openheart surgery following the administration of alphahanp urine volume increased markedly and CE venous and PCW pressures immediately decreased intravenous continuous administration of alphahanp is useful for the management of patients associated with the volume overload following openheart surgery | MEDAL |
the beautifully coordinated functions of the hand depend on the tendon apparatus acting on the articulated skeletal elements the flexor muscles are situated on the anteromedial aspect of the forearm with their tendons crossing the wrist and finger joints in a wonderfully arranged system to provide the infinite movements possible the anatomical details of the extrinsic and intrinsic flexor apparatus are presented with their functions described as anticipated by their origins insertions and the joints they cross and thus can act upon | MEDAL |
genetic variation plays an important role in NK selection and population evolution however it also presents geneticists interested in aging research with problems in data analysis because of the large number of alleles and their various modes of action recently a new statistical method based on survival analysis the or model or the rr MM has been introduced to assess genelongevity associations yashin et al am j hum genet which outperforms the traditional gene frequency method here we extend the MM to deal with polymorphic genes or gene markers assuming the HWE at birth we first introduce an allelebased parameterization on gene frequency which helps to cut down the number of frequency parameters to be estimated we then propose both the TT and allelebased parameterizations on risk parameters to estimate TT and allelic relative risks the grr and arr models while the grr model allows us to investigate whether the alleles are recessive dominant or codominant the arr MM further minimizes the number of parameters to be estimated as an example we apply the methods to empirical data on renin gene polymorphism and longevity we show that our models can serve as useful tools in searching for important genetic variations implicated in human aging and longevity | MEDAL |
cisplatin is one of the most widely utilized anticancer drugs nevertheless its use is often hampered by the onset of serious side effects in spite of its tight IB to dna great teratogenic effects do not characterize cisplatin although its embryolethal and growth retardation activities are quite remarkable on the basis of our previous observations demonstrating the usefulness of PA hydrochloride for the protection against cisplatin toxic effects in adult mice and rats we now analyze the feasibility of the combined treatment with cisplatin and the antiarrhythmic drug procainamide hydrochloride in pregnant mice and the possible protective action of procainamide against the embryotoxic activity of cisplatin our data obtained in cd dams after treatment with or mgkg cisplatin ip with or without mgkg procainamide hydrochloride iv confirm the embryotoxic effects of cisplatin we also demonstrate that procainamide may be administered with cisplatin without causing an increase in its embryotoxic effects but slightly improving some embryotoxicity parameters in living embryos such as the fetal weight the percentage of fetuses with skeletal anomalies and the number of ossification centres the mechanism of action of this partially protective activity seems to be linked in part to the lower cisplatin accumulation in fetal tissue probably due to an interaction of drugs at the level of placenta in part to the protection of PA against maternal toxicity of cisplatin a relevant result of this research is the suggestion that PA hydrochloride might be administered in case of pregnancy to protect against the maternal toxic effects of cisplatin without an increased embryotoxicteratogenic risk for the F1 | MEDAL |
regurgitation is a common manifestation in infants below the age of year and a frequent cause of visits to general practitioners and pediatricians accurate diagnosis of this condition requires a good choice of ph monitoring equipment and optimal technique when performing this procedure the present article is a consensus statement of the working group on gastroesophageal reflux of the spanish society of pediatric GI hepatology and nutrition sspghn and reflects the conclusions reached in the vii congress of the sspghn vigo in general esophageal ph monitoring is indicated in the following situations i when PS of gastroesophageal reflux are present and evolution is not favorable despite AGA treatment ii when trying to determine the relationship between GE reflux and nondigestive symptoms and iii when evaluating the results of treatment whether medical or surgical | MEDAL |
the university of texas medical CB utmb at galveston is a C1 AMC with about employees radioisotope research labs and permitted radioactive materials users consequently utmb generates a fairly C1 amount of radioactive waste the majority of this waste contains shortlived radionuclides such as p p and s which are held for decay and then disposed at a sanitary landfill however some waste including longlived waste and stock vials is compacted into drums and stored in a warehouse facility onsite until disposal at a lowlevel radioactive waste llrw facility space in the warehouse is limited but disposal is currently cost prohibitive a reevaluation of our program was conducted to see if volumes of llrw requiring disposal at a commercial llrw facility could be reduced a reevaluation of the waste streams resulted in the shifting of most of the material that was being drummed for shipment to a llrw facility to disposal by landfill or incineration materials that were previously assumed to be radioactive are now being evaluated prior to disposal to determine if they may be disposed of as nonradioactive waste following the initial DUE the amount of compacted dry solids assumed to contain longlived radionuclides was reduced the space that was saved due to the decrease in drumming for disposal is now used to hold the increased volume of decayinstorage material the monetary savings will amount to about per year this program is currently being expanded to reduce other waf aortic and retroperitonel fibrosis after surgery has been reported in combination with inflammatory ABD aortic aneurysm aaa in this report we consider the most recent patients with inflammatory aaa consecutively operated on at our institution the group was composed of men and women with a mean age of years in addition to preoperative ct angiographic study ABD ultrasound and aortoiliac angiography were also performed there were no perioperative deaths the perioperative morbidity rate was in cases the aortic wall was subjected to histological examination with calculation of an inflammatory index each patient was reexamined with SCT angiography T3 surgery postoperative results were assessed in terms of changes in maximal fibroticmantle thickness observed on followup spiral ct angiograms expressed both in millimeters and percentage of NC regression was analyzed for possible correlation with preoperative severity of fibrotic reaction time of the postoperative exam inflammatory index and changes in the fibrotic process involving the adjacent structures the results show that postoperative improvement was significantly more marked in cases characterized by higher preoperative inflammatory indices in the aneurysmal wall the time course of regression was highly variable but on the whole improvement was more substantial during the early months T3 surgery with significant slowing after the second or third year | MEDAL |
hypertension in various experimental models including SH rats shr is associated with elevated rates of vascular collagen synthesis the sympathetic nervous system is an important factor in the etiology of hypertension in shr the primary purpose of this T0 was to determine the effects of the alpha adr antagonist DOX on aortic collagen synthesis and on systolic arterial pressure in shr DOX was po either shortterm or mgkgday by gavage over days or longterm or gl in the drinking water over weeks rates of collagen synthesis were determined by incubating aortic segments with cproline in vitro and then measuring either the formation of chydroxyproline by means of highperformance liquid chromatography or the amount of radioactivity liberated by collagenase digestion SAP was monitored with the standard tailcuff technique both doses of DOX depressed aortic collagen synthesis at weeks of treatment but neither dose had any effect at weeks in the shortterm T0 only the higher acute dose of doxazosin significantly reduced aortic collagen synthesis the lower dose had no effect in the ST T0 DOX reduced SAP with a maximum effect at days tolerance to the depressor effect developed over the remaining days especially with the higher dose in the week study the lower doxazosin dose had no effect on SAP and the higher dose exerted a biphasic effect moderately but significantly reducing systolic arterial pressure at and weeks of treatmentabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
manufacture of an ayurvedic arseniccontaining compound is described which is currently in use in india to control blood counts of patients with haematological HM the tau and side effects of this compound are evaluated in the light of the fact that As was recognised to be of use in the control of blood counts from patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia as long as years ago in the west | MEDAL |
it is important to understand the partitioning of drugs in processed milk and milk products when drugs are present in raw milk in order to estimate the potential consumer exposure radioisotopically labeled erythromycin ivermectin ketoprofen oxytetracycline penicillin g sulfadimethoxine and thiabendazole were used to evaluate the CSD of animal drugs among rennet curd whey and protein fractions from skim cow milk our previous work reported the CSD of these same drugs between skim and fat fractions of milk drug distribution between curd and whey was significantly correlated r | MEDAL |
the lower visual field lovf has been hypothesized to demonstrate specialization for skilled visually guided action according to danckert and goodale this VF asymmetry indirectly suggests that the lovf has privileged connections to visuomotor networks within the dorsal visual pathway here we attempted to replicate the lovf advantage during the execution of a discrete aiming movement to targets of various widths index of difficulty ranging from to bits in addition we employed trials in which vision of the target object was available or unavailable during the reaching movement to determine whether or not the purported VF asymmetry reflects enhanced central planning ie feedforward or online control ie feedback processes reaching trajectories were examined for indicators of online amendments and movement times and endpoint characteristics were examined to quantify possible VF asymmetries in relative speedaccuracy tradeoffs in terms of reaching kinematics it was found that vision of the target during the reaching movement resulted in greater online control of the reaching trajectory however no significant main effects or interactions involving visual field were observed in other words fixating in the upper or the lower region of peripersonal space did not influence the nature of reaching control ie feedback vs feedforward most importantly our movement time and endpoint accuracy data elicited a robust speedaccuracy tradeoff in both upper and lower regions of working space thus and contrary to previous findings such as those reported by danckert and goodale the indices of difficulty coupled with the discrete aiming task used here did not elicit a lower VF advantage for visually guided action | MEDAL |
xlinked congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus cndi is characterized by a defective renal response to the antidiuretic hormone avp due to variations in the Arg vasopressin receptor avpr gene in a unique group of patients the renal insensitivity to the effects of avp is incomplete resulting in a partial phenotype to investigate the molecular defects two previously published variations in the avpr gene known to cause a partial cndi phenotype were expressed in transiently transfected human embryonic kidney cells one variation pargcys is located in the first extracellular loop and the other variation pserarg is located in the intracellular cooh terminal of the receptor protein WB showed almost equal amounts of wtvr and argcysvr protein at Css whereas the level of serargvr protein was lower confocal microscopy established that wtvr and argcysvr are localized on the cellular surface while the serargvr primarily accumulates within the endoplasmic reticulum resulting in reduced surface expression ligand binding analysis demonstrated that the bmax for cells expressing argcysvr and serargvr were and fold lower than bmax for wtvr respectively avp affinity kd for wtvr and the serargvr was similar while kd for argcysvr was increased camp assay revealed that cells expressing pargcysvr or pserargvr produced and fold lower amounts of camp compared with wtvr respectively in conclusion ligand IB and signal transduction capability are dependent on localization of the CAA R2 striking divergences at the level of receptor functionality may thus underlie similar clinical phenotypes in cndi | MEDAL |
this T0 aimed to investigate the activity patterns of trunk and lower limb muscles during impactabsorbing landing electromyogram activities of the trunk and lower limb muscles along with kinematic and ground reaction forces were measured while subjects n performed landings from a height of cm landing motions were divided into three phases ms preceding ground contact gc pre phase from gc through ms absorption phase and from the end of the absorption phase until the vertical position of the CM was minimized braking phase during the pre phase the rectus abdominis external oblique and medial gastrocnemius were highly G1 upon gc the hip and knee joints were in a flexed position the ankle joints in a plantarflexed position after gc peak timings of muscle MICs and lower limb joint rotations were characterized by distaltoproximal sequential patterns the peak vertical ground reaction force in the absorption phase relative to body weight positively correlated with the activity C2 of the vastus lateralis and GM in the pre phase and that of RA in the absorption phase these findings indicate that the intensities and peak timings of muscle MICs in the trunk and lower limb are coordinated to absorb landing impact | MEDAL |
the T0 was conducted to evaluate the effects of αlinolenic acid ala on FT SQ and fatty acid composition of bull sperm for that twentyfour ejaculates obtained from three bulls were diluted in a tris extender containing control and ngml of ala extended semen was incubated at °c for min to allow absorption of ala by sperm CM the sample was chilled for h packed into ml straws and frozen in liquid nitrogen for h subsequently straws were thawed and evaluated for total sperm motility computerassisted semen analysis membrane PET integrity hypoosmotic swelling test viability eosinnigrosin HFA composition gas chromatography and lipid peroxidation thiobarbituric acidreactive substances tbars a higher p percentage of total sperm motility was observed in ala groups ngml ± and ngml ± in comparison with control ± ngml ± and ngml ± still the ngml ala group presented a higher p percentage of viable sperms ± and sperms with intact membrane ± than all other experimental groups ala concentration and lipid peroxidation in postthawed sperm was higher in all treated CG when compared to the control group as such the addition of ngml of ala to tris extender improved SQ of frozenthawed bull spermatozoa | MEDAL |
we present the case of a dayold P0 with extensive squamous cell peritonitis resulting from vaginal atresia with hydrometrocolpos and squamous cell reflux through the genital system a combination rarely recognized in the literature delivery was preceded by ultrasound diagnosis of oligohydramnios and large bladder the latter representing the dilated PT vagina additional findings included paraesophageal HH containing squames urethral atresia absence of vulva lung hypoplasia mild hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and short UC with SUA sua the possible relationship of the sua with the constellation of infradiaphragmatic malformations is discussed | MEDAL |
this T0 examined i.t. drug use and hiv risk behaviors in a predominantly african american sample of homeless men with mental illness personal interviews focusing on injection drug use and sexual risk behaviors were completed with homeless mentally ill men in two shelters in a southeastern city sixtytwo of the men injected drugs among the i.t. DUs idus most reported highrisk behaviors including needle sharing and participation in shooting galleries very few performed risk reduction MICs eg cleaning needles with bleach or using a needle exchange program within the preceding months most of the idus had had sex with women or men without a condom this investigation reported a high lifetime occurrence of i.t. drug use in a sample of predominantly african american homeless men with mental illness the idus reported intravenous drug use and sexual MICs with great risk of hiv transmission and provided little evidence of riskreduction efforts these men are outside of most social service and health care systems but must be included in special programs to decrease the transmission of hiv | MEDAL |
to assess with truly long followup the LT results of valve replacement with the st jude medical prosthesis st jude medical inc st paul minn we reviewed the case histories of the first patients undergoing valve replacements with this valve between june and june male and female patients mean age years a total of patients had the AV replaced the mitral valve and the aortic and mitral valves there were hospital deaths followup was complete patientyears there were late deaths ninetyone were considered valverelated SD n anticoagulantrelated hemorrhage n thromboembolism n prosthetic valve endocarditis n valve thrombosis n and noninfectious perivalvular leak n overall actuarial survival including hospital mortality was confidence limits years after the operation linearized rates of late valverelated events were as follows thromboembolism per patientyear anticoagulantrelated hemorrhage per patientyear PVE per patientyear valve thrombosis per patientyear and perivalvular leak per patientyear actuarial freedom at years from thromboembolism was anticoagulantrelated hemorrhage valve thrombosis and reoperation actuarial freedom from all valverelated deaths and valverelated morbidity and mortality at years was and respectively we conclude that because of its low thrombogenicity low incidence of valverelated events and low valverelated mortality the st jude medical valve is one of the best performing mechanical prosthesis currently available nevertheless the late valverelated complications and deaths illustrate that the quest for a perfect prosthesis remains unfulfilled | MEDAL |
five cytotoxic mannich bases dimethylaminosubstituted phenylpentenones three having antineoplastic activity were evaluated for respiratoryinhibiting properties in rat liver mitochondria in the presence of four substrates succinate glutamate hydroxybutyrate and palmitylcarnitine four EDC ibie showed significant inhibiting properties which on occasion were reversed partially by coenzyme q DUE of the spectra of the mitochondrial cytochromes indicated that ibie blocked the ETC prior to the CS of cytochromes since inhibition occurred when different substrates were used a common site of action for ibie is likely competition of ibie with coenzyme q probably occurs compounds iaie inhibited rna polymerase from swiss mouse A6 but were virtually bereft of activity versus rna polymerase from l leukemia cells polarography of the mannich bases and the related styryl ketones showed that antineoplastic activity was associated with higher halfwave potentials | MEDAL |
a quantitative nonradioactive hybrid capture hbv dna CA digene diagnostics which uses an efficient solution hybridization procedure coupled to a CS CL signal amplification system was compared with the quantitative radioactive solution hybridization CA genostics abbott laboratories in hepatitis b virus carriers particularly in those undergoing antiviral therapy the qualitative reproducibility of the CL method tested on sera was acceptable with a reproducibility rate of a comparison of this hybrid capture hbv dna CA with the radioactive test on sera obtained from patients hbsagpositive patients gave a sensitivity of a specificity of and an agreement between the two tests of sera including hbv dna positive and negative samples changes in hbv dna levels measured by the two assays showed a good rho with each other during interferon therapy however the hybrid capture values were higher than the radioactive CA values with the ratio of the two values being variable in the same patient during the course of treatment the genostics assay therefore seems to be a more accurate procedure for evaluating changes in viral replication particularly at high hbv dna C2 however the hybrid capture method is faster and has the advantage of being a nonradioactive procedure this CL assay is easy to perform as a routine diagnostic procedure and may be a useful alternative to the radioactive solution hybridization method | MEDAL |
atherosclerotic renovascular disease is associated with resistant hypertension and chronic kidney disease although the causal relationship is discussed to date the role of renal artery diameter on these pathological conditions was not clearly studied we aimed to identify the association of reference diameter and minimal luminal renal artery diameter with glomerular filtration rate gfr and resistant hypertension in a high cardiovascular risk population | MEDAL |
a doubleblind placebocontrolled pharmacoeeg and psychometric study was carried out to investigate the encephalotropic and psychotropic properties of a metabolically AS hemoderivate actovegin in elderly subjects with a mean age of years and to form hypotheses about its therapeutic tau they received randomized and in weekly intervals single oral doses of dragées drg actovegin drg actovegin as well as PL computerassisted spectral analysis of the eeg demonstrated an increase of alpha and betaactivities an acceleration of the alphacentroid as well as of the centroid of the total activity after actovegin as compared with PL while slow activities tended to decreasespecifically in the th and th hour these neurophysiological alterations indicate an improvement in vigilance of the elderly subjects which was reflected in the psychometric tests the latter demonstrated in the multivariate analysis a significant superiority of actovegin over placebo actovegin inducedespecially T3 drgan increase in critical flicker frequency prolongation of the aftereffect as evaluated by means of the archimedean spiral shortening of reaction time as well as cognitive improvement in the paulitest in the ANS the widening of the pupillary diameter and the increase in skin conductance suggested also an activation at the ans level our controlled investigations demonstrate that actovegineven after oral administrationmay produce neurophysiological and clinical effects | MEDAL |
a highly sensitive method of reversetranscriptase PCR reaction rtpcr was established to quantify transcript levels of the myogenic regulatory AF myod myogenin and mrf muscle regulatory factor and for id inhibitor of differentiation a putative negative regulator of myogenesis the method was CS enough to detect mrna amounts as low as molecules measurements in different skeletal muscles of the rat revealed that the amounts of the four AF differ by almost three orders of magnitude id is expressed at lowest C2 approximately x moleculesmicrog rna and mrf at highest levels approximately x moleculesmicrog rna in general myogenin and myod mrnas were inversely distributed in slow and fast muscles a rho seemed to exist between the levels of myod and myosin heavy chain mhc iib the fastest mhc isoform however as revealed by changes in the expression C2 of these two RII AF under conditions of HT and chronic lowfrequency stimulation clfs myod and myogenin did not seem to be strictly correlated with fast and slow myosins respectively HT led to pronounced depressions of myod but only to small increases in myogenin mrna in fast muscles these changes were only slightly increased by clfs however as previously shown clfs in combination with HT induces in rat muscle pronounced fast to slow transitions in S1 expression kirschbaum b j kucher hb termin a kelly a m pette d j biol chem these findings suggest that myod and myogenin may not be causally related to the OD and maintenance of fibertype diversities | MEDAL |
nine positron emission tomography studies of regional cerebral gl metabolism were performed in patients with probable striatonigral degeneration a disorder characterized by parkinsonian features and absent or poor response to LD when compared with values obtained in normal volunteers mean CMRglc was slightly reduced in subjects with SND who in addition had a marked sd relative hypometabolism in putaminal and caudate nuclei significant hypometabolism was also found in motorpremotor as well as in prefrontal SC in subjects who were studied twice a deterioration of relative striatal metabolism paralleled clinical evolution magnetic resonance imaging disclosed the presence of abnormal iron deposits in the putamen in all cases but showed no cortical anomalies these results suggest that positron emission tomography with ffluorodeoxyglucose may provide an index of cell and processes degeneration in the striatum in striatonigral degeneration and is able to detect functional deficits in frontal SC the presence of striatal hypometabolism might be a predictor of a poor response to LD | MEDAL |
the effects of disulfiram ds and its L1 metabolite diethyldithiocarbamate dedc on the survival time under normobaric and hypobaric hypoxia were examined in mice at an ambient temperature of degrees c ds at mmolkg ip caused a marked dosedependent prolongation of the survival time in mice subjected to both types of hypoxia dedc also prolonged the survival time but the effect was less at its higher doses with decreased BB superoxide dismutase the maximum effects of ds and dedc were found at hr and hr after i.t. respectively of the metabolites of dedc the copper complex with dedc caused a significant effect whereas neither diethylamine nor carbon disulfide did furthermore ds dedc and copper complex caused marked HT and the time course changes of hypothermia by ds and dedc closely paralleled those of the degree of antihypoxic effects respectively at an ambient temperature of degrees c in which the body temperature was maintained near the normal level both ds and dedc still exhibited a weak antihypoxic effect these results suggest that dedc itself formed as a metabolite of ds and partly the copper complex produced the antihypoxic effect which could not be explained by concomitant HT CT | MEDAL |
nonclassical antigenpresentation by cd molecules expressed on cytokineactivated monocytes cam and cellmediated responses supported by doublenegative dn and by cd responder alphabeta t cells are involved in host resistance against mycobacterial infections the cdb protein is responsible for presentation of nonpeptide lipid antigens to TA in this context a pivotal role is played by induction of cdb protein on the membrane of human monocytes activated by gmcsf CT and more efficiently by gmcsf combined with il RFP rfp a drug which is extensively utilized for chemoprophylaxis or treatment of mycobacterium tuberculosis is known to reduce a number of b or t celldependent responses therefore we undertook immunopharmacological studies on rfp to determine the effects of this agent on human macrophage function relative to antigen presentation by cdb molecules and on dn t cell cytolytic function the results showed that a graded concentration of rfp or microgml induced a significant increase of cdb expression in cam as evaluated by facs analysis b rfp increased significantly the specific mab IB to cdb on cam surface c treatment of effector cells with rfp did not reduce dn t CMC against LB cells transfected with cdb cdna crb cells pulsed with m tuberculosis these results suggest that rfp could be of potential value in improving mycobacterial antigen presentation without impairing responder t cell CF | MEDAL |
nine patients with the zollingerellison syndrome seen at a single referral centre between and are presented to highlight changes in the recognition diagnosis and management of the condition less well recognized manifestations such as diarrhoea and features of the MEN men type i syndrome are described and the simplification of the preoperative diagnosis by the use of both the serum gastrin estimation and the secretin provocation test considered the problem of tumour localization is discussed with special reference to the newer techniques such as ultrasound endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ercp and cat scanning and the value of arteriography confirmed the striking advances in management during the past few years are stressed with special reference to the role of the hreceptor blocking drugs despite their profound inhibitory effect on both acid secretion and symptoms all patients with the exception of those with proven metastases or the men type i syndrome underwent laparotomy to exclude a resectable lesion if no resectable lesion was found truncal vagotomy was performed to facilitate acid secretory control postoperatively and hreceptor blocking drugs continued in a dose necessary to maintain basal acid secretion under mmolhr | MEDAL |
to investigate whether altered megakaryocyte morphology contributes to reduced platelet production in ITP itp ultrastructural analysis of megakaryocytes was performed in itp patients ultrastructural CA compatible with paraapoptosis were present in of itp megakaryocytes which could be reversed by in vivo treatment with prednisone and intravenous immunoglobulin immunohistochemistry of bone marrow biopsies of itp patients with extensive apoptosis showed an increased number of megakaryocytes with activated caspase compared with normal versus no difference however was observed in the number of bone marrow megakaryocyte colonyforming units itp bone marrow cells versus controls bone marrow cells p to demonstrate that circulating antibodies might affect megakaryocytes suspension cultures of cd cells were performed with itp or NP morphology compatible with paraapoptosis could be induced in cultured megakaryocytes with itp plasma of samples positive for antiplatelet autoantibodies finally the plasma glycocalicin index a parameter of PLT and megakaryocyte destruction was increased in itp versus p and correlated with the proportion of megakaryocytes showing para AI ultrastructure p r in conclusion most itp megakaryocytes show ultrastructural features of para apoptosis probably due to action of AF present in itp plasma | MEDAL |
to clarify the effect of vasogenic brain edema on the brainstem the relationships between waveform changes in brainstem AEP evoked potentials baep and bloodbrain barrier bbb disturbance following transient hindbrain ischemia were investigated hindbrain ischemia was induced in gerbils by BL occlusion of the VAs the animals were divided into three CG subjected to and min of BL vertebral occlusion bvo and CG n in each group two hours after recirculation evans blue eb solution was injected into the saphenous vein the brains were removed after min of circulation and all Az stained macroscopically by eb were noted and recorded during hindbrain ischemia baep disappeared within min in the bvo group baep reappeared and returned to normal within min T3 reperfusion whereas in the bvo group baep never returned to normal and finally disappeared within min T3 reperfusion in the bvo group no eb staining was visible on the other hand in the bvo group eb staining was seen in the medial part of the tegmentum in the midbrain in two animals and around the vestibular nucleus in the lateral parts of the pons in three these results demonstrate the close relationship between the reversibility of ischemiainduced changes in baep and bbb disturbance in the brainstem | MEDAL |
fluorescence recovery after photobleaching frap has recently been used to examine the percolation properties of coexisting phases in twocomponent twophase phosphatidylcholine bilayers vaz w l c melo e c c thompson t e biophys j we now report the use of frap to study two additional problems in similar systems the first is the effect of solidphase obstacles on the lateral DWI in the fluid phase the second is the question of whether or not in a single bilayer solidphase domains in one monolayer are exactly superimposed on solid domains in the apposing monolayer to address the first problem the lateral DWI of nnitrobenzoxadiazolylpalmitoyloleoylphosp hatidylethanolamine nbdpope a probe soluble only in the fluid phase when solid and fluid phases coexist has been studied in the mixture nlignoceroyldihydrogalactosylceramide liggalcerdipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine dppc percolation of the fluid phase occurs at a high mass fraction of solid phase this indicates that the solid domains have a centrosymmetric shape a characteristic which makes this a good experimental system to test theoretical simulations of DWI in an archipelago it is shown that PA between theory and experiment is poor a result that had already been observed when the obstacles were IMPs we develop an effectivemedium MM for DWI in twophase systems which explains both our results and those obtained with integral proteins the distinctive feature of the model is the consideration of an annular region around the obstacles where the lipids are more ordered than in the bulk fluid phase the diffusion coefficient is then calculated by extending the free area model to twophase systems taking these annuli into account the second question the organization of the solidphase domains across the lipid bilayer is examined in the systems liggalcerdppc and DMPC dmpcdistearoylphosphatidylcholine dspc by comparing the DWI of a fluidphasesoluble gelphaseinsoluble lipid derivative which spans the two monolayers of a bilayer nbdmembranespanningphosphatidylethanolamine nbdmspe with that of a probe which is restricted to a single ML in liggalcerdppc the distribution of solid domains in one of the monolayers is independent of the CSD in the apposing monolayer in contrast in dmpcdspc the solid domains in one monolayer are exactly superimposed upon the solid domains existing in the apposing ML | MEDAL |
isolated hepatocytes of the EU eel anguilla anguilla have been used as experimental MM to characterize the effects of cd and hg on either basal or epinephrinestimulated glucose PR cd strongly reduced gl SO from cells perifused in biogel p columns and challenged with EN with a maximum inhibition of reached at microm ic microm the epinephrinestimulated gl SO was also reduced by hg although a significant inhibition of about was achieved only at microm ic microm the possible influence of cd and hg on adenylyl cyclasecamp transduction pathway has been investigated since this system is known to play a pivotal role in the regulation of fish CL glycogen breakdown and consequent gl PR micromolar concentrations of both heavy metals significantly reduced the epinephrinemodulated camp C2 in isolated eel HCs in good agreement with the reduction of glucose output cd and hg also significantly reduced basal and epinephrinestimulated aca activity in CL membrane preparations a competitive inhibition with respect to mg was shown by cd and hg which significantly reduced the affinity of the AMP for the adenylyl cyclase system apparent km for mg was mm in basal conditions and increased to and mm in the presence of microm cd and hg respectively these results indicate that cd and hg may impair a crucial intracellular transduction pathway involved in the adrenergic control of gl metabolism but also in several other routes of hormonal regulation of CL functions | MEDAL |
eosinophils play a central role in the pathogenesis of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia a rare but fatal manifestation of filariasis however no exhaustive study has been done to identify the genes and proteins of eosinophils involved in the pathogenesis of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia in the present T0 we established a mouse model of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia that mimicked filarial manifestations of human TPE pathogenesis and used flow cytometryassisted cell sorting and realtime rtpcr to study the gene expression profile of flowsorted lung eosinophils and lung macrophages during tropical pulmonary eosinophilia pathogenesis our results show that TPE mice exhibited increased levels of il il ccl and ccl in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung parenchyma along with elevated titers of ige and igg subtypes in the serum AM macrophages from TPE mice displayed decreased phagocytosis attenuated nitric oxide production and reduced tcell proliferation capacity and facssorted lung eosinophils from TPE mice upregulated transcript levels of ficolin a and antiapoptotic gene bclbut proapoptotic genes bim and bax were downregulated similarly flowsorted lung macrophages upregulated transcript levels of tlr tlr arginase ym and fizz but downregulated nitric oxide synthase C2 signifying their alternative activation taken together we show that the pathogenesis of tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is marked by functional impairment of alveolar macrophages alternative activation of lung macrophages and upregulation of antiapoptotic genes by eosinophils these events combine together to cause severe lung inflammation and compromised lung immunity therapeutic interventions that can boost host immune response in the lungs might thus provide relief to patients with tropical pulmonary eosinophilia | MEDAL |
chronic kidney disease profoundly disturbs calciumphosphate metabolism and predisposes to premature atherosclerosis both coronary artery calcification cac and EC dysfunction are common in hemodialysis hd patients we hypothesized that a calciumfree phosphate binder would improve endothelial CF and delay progression of vascular calcification in hd patients | MEDAL |
the diagnosis of diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy dcvan is based on DUE of baroreflex arc function braf by measuring rr R2 at rest and the rr response to exercises such as the valsalva manoeuvre DB standing up etc using an original computerized technique we have studied normal subjects males and females uniformly distributed between the ages of and years so as to determine ages defining NK divisions into old and young CG as regards the values of various braf parameters and simultaneously to determine the NK ranges for each age group so defined for most of the parameters considered the dividing ages obtained lay between and years no dividing age could be determined for the response of arterial pressure to the valsalva manoeuvre or standing up nor for the mean heart rate while resting in a recumbent position and in these cases normal ranges were determined for the age range of the whole sample the effects of aging were not the same for all parameters thus instantaneous heart rate R2 while sitting at rest and the response to deep PLB maximum HR rate minus minimum HR rate both decreased considerably with age whereas the responses to the valsalva manoeuvre pv and to standing up maximum HR rateminimum heart rate diminished less markedly in conclusion we consider that the reported results accurately establish the normal ranges of the braf parameters considered whose reliability for individual diagnosis of dcvan is thereby increased | MEDAL |
the topography of phosphatidylcholine phosphatidylethanolamine and triacylglycerol biosynthetic enzymes within the transverse plane of rat liver microsomes was investigated using two impermeant inhibitors mercurydextran and dextranmaleimide between and of the MICs of fatty acid coa ligase ec snglycerolphosphate acyltransferase ec phosphatidic acid phosphatase ec diacylglycerol acyltransferase ec diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferase ec and diacylglycerol ethanolaminephosphotransferase ec were inactivated by mercurydextran dextranmaleimide caused inactivation of the snglycerolphosphate acyltransferase inactivation of each of these MICs except fatty acid coa ligase occurred in microsomal LDV which remained IN as evidenced by the maintenance of highly latent mannosephosphatase activity ec these glycerolipid biosynthetic MICs were not latent indicating that substrates have free access to the AS CS moreover atp cdpcholine and cmp appeared unable to penetrate the microsome membrane these data indicate that the active CS of thease enzymes are located on the external surface of microsomal vesicles it is concluded that the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine phosphatidylethanolamine and triacylglycerol occurs asymmetrically on the cytoplasmic surface of the endoplasmic reticulum | MEDAL |
the accumulation of MR products increases with age in longlived proteins and can be retarded by caloric restriction here we determined whether caloric restriction inhibits formation of glycation and glycoxidation products in skin collagen of squirrel and rhesus monkeys between restricted monkeys n n respectively were maintained at of caloric intake of controls n n respectively glycation was assessed by furosine and glycoxidation by pentosidine and CML with age the rate of furosine formation moderately but nonsignificantly p increased in both control monkey CG it significantly p decreased in the caloricrestricted rhesus but not squirrel monkeys caloric restriction did not significantly decrease the pentosidine or carboxymethyllysine rates in either species of monkeys these results suggest that caloric restriction when maintained longterm in nonhuman primates tends to decrease glycation but not glycoxidation | MEDAL |
postmortem microorganisms are increasingly recognized for their potential to serve as PCS evidence yet we still understand little about the ecology of postmortem microbes particularly those associated with the skin and larval masses we conducted an experiment to characterize microbiological and chemical properties of decomposing swine sus scrofa domesticus carcasses on the island of oahu hawaii usa during june bacteria were collected from the head limb and larval mass during the initial h of decomposition we also measured the ph temperature and oxidationreduction potential of larval masses in situ bacteria were cultured aerobically on standard nutrient agar at °c and identified using protein or genetic signals carcass decomposition followed a typical sigmoidal pattern and associated bacterial communities differed by sampling location and time since death although all communities were dominated by phyla actinobacteria firmicutes and proteobacteria larval masses were reducing environments mv of neutral ph and high temperature °c°c we recommend that culturable postmortem and larval mass microbiology and chemistry be investigated in more detail as it has potential to complement cultureindependent studies and serve as a rapid estimate of pmi | MEDAL |
mantle cell lymphoma mcl is a AT1 of bcell nonhodgkins lymphoma most cases of mcl have extranodal involvement at the time of the initial diagnosis however endobronchial involvement is rare an yearold man was referred to our hospital because of dyspnea on exertion a chest ct revealed diffuse irregular wall thickening of the trachea and BL bronchi a bronchoscopy revealed a diffuse irregular surface of the tracheal and BL bronchial mucosa and polyposislike lesions he was diagnosed as having mcl based on an endobronchial biopsy and the diagnosis was confirmed using immunohistochemical IF | MEDAL |
the mechanism of the immediate hemodynamic effects of intravenous chlorothiazide mg per kilogram was studied in anesthetized openchest dogs within minutes T3 administration cardiac SO and stroke volume significantly fell this was associated with decreased central A-V and left VVI EDV pressures that these hemodynamic effects were caused by and dependent upon volume loss through diuresis eightfold increase in urine volume was shown by a return of these measurements to control C2 when the volume loss by diuresis was QTc with per cent dextran by prevention of the hemodynamic changes in chlorthiazidetreated dogs previously prepared with ureterocaval anastomosis and by confirming these same hemodynamic effects by quantitatively equivalent hemorrhage thus the immediate diuresis produced by chlorothiazide resulted in a contracted plasma volume increased hematocrit and SS protein concentration which in turn diminished cardiac VR central filling pressures stroke volume and cardiac SO there was no evidence demonstrated to indicate any direct myocardial effect or peripheral venodilation induced by thiazide | MEDAL |
the effects of intracerebroventricular icv and intravenous iv administration of calcitonin and calcitonin generelated peptide cgrp on FF behavior and reticular motility were investigated in sheep icv calcitonin at a dose of to mukg reduced in a doserelated manner the immediate min FI the daily food intake was also significantly p less than decreased for doses up to mukg and the frequency of Rt contractions during the first hour of eating was decreased by calcitonin at the highest iv dose mukg did not affect feeding behavior or Rt motility in contrast cgrp given icv did not affect the first hour period of FI while a significant increase in daily food NI was observed at a dose of ngkg despite immediate inhibitory effects on reticular frequency no effect on feeding SMB and forestomach motility was noticed for a times higher dose iv administered furthermore cgrp given icv ngkg did not antagonize the immediate anorectic effects of calcitonin mukg although it delayed commencement of rumination and partially restored the DFI these results suggest that calcitonin and cgrp play opposite roles in the central control of food NI in sheep probably by acting on different brain structures yet have a similar effect on reticular motility | MEDAL |
pglycoprotein pgp is encoded by the multidrug resistance gene mdr in humans and is the product of mdr it is expressed in various tissues and is related to drug distribution in intestinal erythrocytes capillary endotel of brain PT tubules cells of kidneys and liver cLPM cells expression of pgp is affected by pgp polymorphism and exon ct polymorphism is the most common one it has been thought that expression of pgp is high in callele subjects and this situation is responsible for the resistance against some drugs and substances pgp may have a role in the CSD of thyroid hormones drugs used for hypo and hyperthyroidism and the resistance occurred for this purpose possible relationship between t and c alleles and frequency of pgp polymorphism as well as thyroid hormone distribution in patients with hypo and hyperthyroidism was investigated thirty five hyperthyroidism patients diagnosed as graves disease hypothyroidism patients diagnosed as hashimotos thyroiditis and healthy volunteers were included in the study according to the results obtained no statistically significant difference was found in pgp ct polymorphism between hypo and HT patients in addition the SS free t levels of HT patients with c alleles was higher than those of subjects with t alleles no statistically significant difference was seen in the cc ct and tt TT frequencies between the patients and control CG in conclusion it seems that pgp polymorphism is not a predictor factor for the occurrence of hypo and HT there is a significant relationship between pgp and the elevated SS FT C2 of hyperthyroidism patients and further research will help understand this situation | MEDAL |
this paper describes one years experience with the running of a special postnatal ward area established so that babies who needed more treatment and monitoring than is generally undertaken on postnatal wards but who did not need the facilities of the neonatal unit could be kept by their mothers bedside this intermediate ces on the activity of HG and phrenic SN chloralose anesthetized paralyzed gallamine triethiodide and artificially ventilated cats were studied in all animals vagi and carotid sinus nerves were cut bilaterally all animals were first hyperventilated to apnea and then made progressively hypercapnic by RB under hyperoxic conditions following midcollicular decerebration the peak phasic activity of the hypoglossal nerve was significantly depressed and the pco at which apnea occurred apneic point increased however following high decerebration or decortication the activity of the hypoglossal nerve was increased at higher co C2 and there was no change in apneic point by contrast peak PNA was not altered by any of the above surgical procedures neither systemic blood pressure nor RF were significantly altered by these procedures the results indicate that suprapontine structures can appreciably modify HG activity | MEDAL |
we present a consensus on the pathophysiology etiology diagnosis and treatment of AF the phenomenon is defined and described and the roles that extracranial and ocular vascular diseases play are discussed nonvascular ophthalmic and neurologic disorders that can be confused with AF are listed and an algorithm for DUE which includes ophthalmic examination laboratory studies and noninvasive i.c. studies is given treatment of atherosclerosis i.c. disease and other causes of amaurosis fugax are also discussed | MEDAL |
effects of single and repetitive stimulation of the basolateral CAN al on the rat VMH vmh activity were investigated extracellular single unit discharges and evoked potentials were recorded in the vmh and ST using microelectrodes three effects of al stimulation on the vmh were observed exitation inhibition and disinhibition disinhibition may in fact be inhibition of GABA interneurons within the vmh finally a tentative concept of the neural network within the vmh is discussed | MEDAL |
fluvastatin is a potent synthetic competitive inhibitor of betahydroxybetamethylglutarylcoenzyme a hmgcoa reductase the ratelimiting enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway for hepatic cholesterol synthesis tthin which acinar CSD of enzymatic MICs was considered namely periportal sulfation evenly distributed glucuronidation and perivenous hydroxylation each zonal region was subdivided into extracellular cytosolic and endoplasmic reticulum compartments with cytosolic sulfotransferases and microsomal cytochromes p and GT enzymes being segregated intracellularly into the cytosolic compartment and endoplasmic reticulum compartment respectively the simulations provided a good prediction of the present exp data as well as previously obtained data with increasing sam concentration and retrograde flow and supported the contention that sam oxidation and gam glucuronidation are coupled | MEDAL |
antisera were raised in rabbits against purified alpha subunit of g protein gi gi alpha and also against a synthetic decapeptide corresponding to a sequence of gi alpha antibodies in both antisera were purified with a gicoupled sepharose column but purified antigi alpha protein antibodies still reacted equally with both gi alpha and gi alpha while antigi alpha peptide antibodies reacted principally with gi alpha using these antibodies an enzyme immunoassay method for the quantification of gi alpha was developed the assay system consisted of PS balls with immobilized antigi alpha protein antibody fab fragments and the antigi alpha peptide antibody fab fragments labeled with betadgalactosidase from escherichia coli the minimum PCD limit of the CA was fmol of gi alpha and it did not crossreact with gi alpha go alpha or beta gamma samples from various regions of the rat CNS system were homogenized in a sodium CA solution and the concentration of gi alpha in each extract was determined gi alpha was detected in all the regions and the highest concentration was found in the olfactory bulb immunohistochemical study showed that gi was mainly localized in the neuropil | MEDAL |
not only the apparent atomic arrangement but the charge CSD also defines the crystalline symmetry that dictates the electronic and vibrational structures in this work we report reversible and directioncontrolled chemical doping that modifies the inversion symmetry of abbilayer and abctrilayer graphene for the topdown and bottomup hole i.t. into graphene sheets we employed molecular adsorption of electronegative i and annealinginduced interfacial hole doping respectively the chemical breakdown of the inversion symmetry led to the mixing of the g phonons raman active eg and ramaninactive eu modes which was manifested as the two split g peaks g and g the broken inversion symmetry could be recovered by removing the hole dopants by simple rinsing or interfacial molecular replacement alternatively the symmetry could be regained by doubleside charge i.t. which eliminated g and formed an additional peak go originating from the barely doped interior layer chemical modification of crystalline symmetry as demonstrated in the current T0 can be applied to other low dimensional crystals in tuning their various material properties | MEDAL |
to determine the effectiveness of singleagent PP AMD for methotrexateresistant lowrisk gestational trophoblastic neoplasia gtn | MEDAL |
anorexia is one of the most common symptoms of patients with advanced CA and it presents as loss of appetite due to satiety on the other hand cachexia is described in those patients with unwanted WL cancerous processes produce an energy unbalance by decreased FI and increased catabolism resulting in a clearly negative balance several AF determining cachexia are observed from metabolic unbalances produced by tumoral products and endocrine impairments or the inflammatory response produced by cytokines all of them leading to higher lipolysis loss of muscle protein and anorexia besides causes of anorexia are multiple from chemotherapy agents radiotherapy or immunotherapy which may produce different degrees of nausea vomiting diarrhea and also leading to impairments of taste and smell to one of the digestive tract pain depression constipation etc from the knowledge of the different mechanisms producing the anorexiacachexia syndrome hypercaloric diets for artificial nutrition have been studied with varying success and different drugs with a positive effect on appetite gain such as progestogens steroids and with lesser clinical evidence cannabinoids cyproheptadine mirtazapine antidepressant and olanzapine AP other drugs have been studied because of their antiinflammatory properties anticytokine such as melatonin PUFA omega fatty acids pentoxifylline and thalidomide with the exception of the latter clinical data are still scant for daily usage similarly happens with testosteronederived anabolic drugs or with metabolism inhibitors such as hydrazine sulfate with no doubt progestogens especially megestrol and CSs will be firstline therapies for anorexiacachexia syndrome to stimulate the appetite and increase weight megestrol and have an effect on SQ of life improvement and comfort in patients with advanced cancer | MEDAL |
ninetynine consecutive patients with HAL in CR1 under age median age years age range to years with a histocompatible MSD were treated with fractionated total body irradiation cgy and highdose etoposide mgkg followed by allogeneic bone marrow transplantation sixtyone patients were diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia aml patients with B-ALL all patients with biphenotypic acute one and patient with AUL thirty of the patients with all had at least one of the following highrisk factors age greater than white blood RCC at presentation microl EMD certain chromosomal translocations or the need for greater than weeks of induction chemotherapy to achieve first complete remission cumulative probabilities of diseasefree survival and relapse at years were and respectively for the patients with aml and and respectively for the patients with all by stepwise cox regression analysis significant prognostic variables for patients with acute myelogenot on hydrophobic interactions in microsomal CM diethyl nicotinamide possessed antiradical and vitamin properties | MEDAL |
a total of south AIs affiliated with tribes were studied for esterases a a a b d and carbonic anhydrases and wide R2 was observed in the prevalence of esd the extreme values being encountered among the xikrin and found among the cashinawa seven of the frequencies fell within the interval of these results were integrated with those of earlier surveys in a GA way we observe lower values in the eastern and atlantic coast groups but this is mainly due to the low frequencies found among the gê tribes and the caingang who speak a language which has many affinities with gê high prevalences were observed among the tropical forest tribes a fair amount of intervillage intratribal R2 was found among the ticuna and caingang no R2 was detected in the a a a b esterases in the CAs we confirmed the presence of a private polymorphism among the baniwa | MEDAL |
atlasbased segmentation is a powerful generic technique for automatic delineation of structures in volumetric images several studies have shown that multiatlas segmentation methods outperform schemes that use only a single atlas but running multiple registrations on volumetric data is timeconsuming moreover for many scans or regions within scans a C1 number of atlases may not be required to achieve good segmentation performance and may even deteriorate the results it would therefore be worthwhile to include the decision which and how many atlases to use for a particular target scan in the segmentation process to this end we propose two generally applicable multiatlas segmentation methods adaptive multiatlas segmentation amas and adaptive local multiatlas segmentation almas amas automatically selects the most appropriate atlases for a target image and automatically stops registering atlases when no further improvement is expected almas takes this concept one step further by locally deciding how many and which atlases are needed to segment a target image the methods employ a computationally cheap C1 selection strategy an automatic stopping criterion and a technique to locally inspect registration results and determine how much improvement can be expected from further registrations amas and almas were applied to segmentation of the HR in computed tomography scans of the chest and compared to a conventional multiatlas method mas the results show that almas achieves the same performance as mas at a much lower computational cost when the available segmentation time is fixed both amas and almas perform significantly better than mas in addition amas was applied to an online segmentation challenge for delineation of the Cd nucleus in BB mri scans where it achieved the best score of all results submitted to date | MEDAL |
several studies have shown marked changes in the regional expression DP of nmethyldaspartate nmda receptor subunit composition in vivo in the developing BB similar developmental changes may also occur in vitro thus MSD of hmk binding by the subunitselective nmda antagonist ifenprodil in membrane homogenates prepared from cultured neurones has been shown to comprise two components the relative proportion of which changed with time in SC in the present experiments we have used electrophysiological methods to determine the influence of time in culture on nmda receptor AT1 expression DP in individual neurones shortly T3 plating days in vitro div approximately of total nmdainduced inward current in voltageclamped rat cortical neurones is antagonised by ifenprodil with relatively high affinity approximately microm by div however the highaffinity component contributed to only approximately of the overall antagonism cerebellar granule cells also appear to undergo a similar change in their nmda receptor expression with the exception that in general they appear initially to show considerably less of the ifenprodil highaffinity component and this disappears CR by div these experiments suggest that individual cortical and granule cells express at least two different nmda receptor subtypes and that their relative proportion changes with time in culture | MEDAL |
the cytokinesis block micronucleus method a very CS cytogenetic assay was used to ascertain the possible genotoxic effects of extremely VLF pulsed MFs in phytohemagglutininstimulated HL cultures from healthy donors four conditions were studied i lymphocytes not exposed to the field control cultures ii lymphocytes exposed to the field iii lymphocytes treated with mitomycinc and not exposed to the field iv lymphocytes treated with mitomycinc and exposed to the field mitomycinctreated cultures were used as control for the MN method because it is known that mitomycinc is a potent genotoxic agent capable of inducing micronuclei the frequency of micronuclei in fieldexposed cultures was similar to the spontaneous frequency observed in control unexposedcultures moreover the SE to pulsed magnetic fields did not affect the frequency of micronuclei induced by mitomycinc suggesting that in the experimental conditions used this kind of field neither affected the integrity of chromosomes nor interfered with the genotoxic activity of mitomycinc | MEDAL |
linopirdine dup bispyrindinylmethylphenylindolinone represents a novel class of compounds which enhance depolarizationactivated but not basal PR of acetylcholine dopamine and serotonin in brain slices and improve learning and SM in rodents the effects of linopiridine on local CMRglc were studied by the quantitative ARG deoxydcglucose method linopirdine administration in naive rats or mgkg sc did not significantly alter CMRglc in any of the regions analyzed since linopirdine protects against hypoxiainduced passive avoidance deficits in rats we also examined the effects of linopirdine on CBF metabolism T3 the rats were exposed to min of hypoxia gl metabolism was not significantly altered after hypoxic SE except for a small increase in some brain regions linopirdine po T3 hypoxia decreased glucose metabolism in the hippocampus limbic cortex VH commissure medial septum striatum subthalamic nucleus zona incerta lateral habenula CBF cortex cerebellar vermis and a few thalamic nuclei statistically significant effects of linopirdine on gl metabolism were observed in of brain regions sampled in hypoxiaexposed rats linopirdine altered gl metabolism in BB regions that are implicated in learning and memory and are affected in alzheimers disease several of the affected regions are associated with the cholinergic system and may play a role in the cognitive enhancing properties of linopirdine | MEDAL |
the rate of rise and the amplitude of a mechanically elicited generator potential in a receptor membrane pacinian corpuscle increases markedly with temperature by contrast the AAP of the ranvier node adjacent to the receptor membrane remains practically unchanged over a wide range of temperature the activation energy of the ratelimiting process in excitation of the receptor membrane is high it indicates the existence of a high potential energy barrier for charge transfer | MEDAL |
early region e of the human adenoviruses has many intriguing properties which have prompted numerous mutational studies to help delineate and characterize the domains responsible for these functions in mutational analyses being done currently the e region is usually cloned into a bacterial plasmid where it is mutated and then the altered e sequences are rescued back into infectious virus the most frequently used rescue procedures are somewhat tedious requiring the purification and fractionation of linear viral dna or dna fragments and often involve the screening of numerous plaque isolates several observations we have made recently on the properties of adenovirus dna in INF cells and on infectious plasmids in transfected cells led us to design a new RPA for rescuing e mutations into infectious viral genomes we constructed a plasmid pjm containing the entire ad dna molecule with an insert in the e region that exceeds the packaging constraints of the adenovirus CA following transfection of pjm into cells the plasmid dna is able to replicate but cannot be packaged into infectious virions in contrast cotransfection of cells with pjm plus an econtaining plasmid carrying mutated sequences produces recombinant virions at high efficiencies neither plasmid needs to be linearized prior to contransfection the technique eliminates the need to purify and manipulate infectious virion dna and since no unique restriction sites are needed both ea and eb mutants as well as foreign gene inserts in the e region can be easily rescued into virus | MEDAL |
the effect of several sulfhydryl and other agents on the rheologic and mucociliary transport properties of a model secretion reconstituted canine tracheal mucus was investigated the mucus was obtained via the canine tracheal pouch rheologic properties were determined by mirorheometry and the ciliary transport rate was determined using the frog palate technique it was found that nacetyl cysteine decreased the elastic modulus leading to improved mucociliary transport at concentrations such that the mucin did not precipitate scarboxymethyl cysteine had no effect on either mucus properties or MCT rate and its reported effectiveness in vivo must be due to some mechanism other than solubilization of mucin similar results were found with other blocked sulfhydryl EDC urea and potassium iodide to decrease mucus elasticity but are harmful to cilia at the concentrations needed | MEDAL |
a lowcost dataacquisition device which can be used as a signal averager or temporary data buffer is described it consists of an input stage built with a multiplexer sampleandhold amplifier and an analogtodigital converter a SM section made of static shift registers with recirculate capability an SO stage built with a demultiplexer and a digitaltoanalog converter and a control module which provides the logic signals to operate the machine basic diagrams are presented and several applications are described | MEDAL |
we conducted data mining using the us food and drug administration fda adverse event reporting system faers database on spontaneously reported AEs to evaluate the association between anticancer drug therapy and hepatitis b infection reports of hepatitis b infection were retrieved from the faers DB the reporting odds ratio ror was used to estimate the association between hepatitis b infection and various anticancer agents and drug combinations we detected statistically significant risk signals of hepatitis b for of anticancer agents by ror cytotoxicity drugs and seven moleculartargeted drugs we focused on moleculartargeted drugs and assessed the risk of hepatitis b from specific anticancer drug combinations the frequency of hepatitis b infection was significantly high for drugs such as RTX bortezomib imatinib and everolimus the addition of cyclophosphamide doxorubicin and fludarabine to drug combinations additively enhanced the frequency of HBV there were no reports on SH b infection associated with trastuzumab or azacitidine monotherapy however trastuzumabcontaining regimens eg combinations with docetaxel or paclitaxel were correlated with the incidence of HBV similar to azacitidine monotherapy our findings suggest that the concomitant use of anticancer drugs such as trastuzumab taxane and azacitidine may contribute to the risk of hepatitis b infection the unique signals detected from the public DB might provide clues to eliminate the threat of hbv in oncology | MEDAL |
transarterial chemoembolization tace and transarterial embolization tae are commonly used as firstline treatment for patients with T3 HCC carcinoma hcc and have been shown to improve overall survival os however there remain concerns regarding whether the benefit of the prolonged survival achieved with tace is superior to the maximum cytotoxic effect of the associated chemotherapeutics this systematic review aims to compare the efficiency of tace and tae based on randomized controlled trials rcts medline embase the cochrane library the science citation index and the chinese national knowledge infrastructure databases were systematically searched through the end of april risk ratios rrs and confidence intervals cis were calculated metaanalysis of the rcts was conducted to estimate the mortality and survival rate between the tace and tae groups the analysis included five rcts involving patients for allcause mortality tace did not result in a statistically significant reduced incidence of a the effects of both social similarity and personalized preference experimental results based on two real datasets epinions and friendfeed show that the hybrid pattern can not only provide more accurate recommendations but also enlarge the recommendation coverage while adopting global metric further empirical analyses demonstrate that the mutual reinforcement and richclub phenomenon can also be found in coupled social networks where the identical individuals occupy the core position of the online system this work may shed some light on the indepth understanding of the structure and function of coupled social networks | MEDAL |
the CPs cp of many plant viruses are multifunctional proteins we used nterminal sequencing and mass spectrometrymass spectrometry analysis to identify a truncated form of the bamboo mosaic virus bamv cp missing the NT amino acids n the n region is unique in the potexviruses by its containing a glycinerich motif grm not present in databases but highly conserved among bamv isolates results from sitedirected mutagenesis and deletion mutational analysis showed that loss of this region converted necrotic local lesions to chlorotic local lesions on chenopodium quinoa leaves furthermore this region is required for successful OD of mosaic PS on nicotiana benthamiana leaves but is dispensable for bamv replication and celltocell and longdistance movement as well as virion assembly this unique grmcontaining region of bamv cp may be a symptom determinant in specific hosts | MEDAL |
targeted therapies for CA bring the hope of specific treatment providing high efficacy and in some cases lower toxicity than conventional treatment although targeted therapeutics have helped immensely in the treatment of several cancers like chronic myelogenous leukemia CC and breast cancer the benefit of these agents in the treatment of lung cancer remains limited in part due to the OD of drug resistance in this review we discuss the mechanisms of drug resistance and the current strategies used to treat lung cancer a better understanding of these drugresistance mechanisms could potentially benefit from the OD of a more robust personalized medicine approach for the treatment of LC | MEDAL |
the recent refinement and computerization of IVM have permitted us to monitor microcirculation in vivo with minimal invasion here we report on the first findings made with the use of a pencillens intravital microscope as applied to the ICM rat kidney peritubular capillary and glomerular blood flow were monitored under basal conditions during RAO and immediately after release of the clamp erythrocyte velocity was calculated as an angle in consecutive spatiotemporal images intravital videomicroscopy during the reperfusion period showed intermittent cessation and partial recovery of blood flow in both peritubular and glomerular capillaries blood flow was uniformly orthograde under control conditions however the VA flow occurred on reperfusion the patency of peritubular capillaries was partially compromised during the early reperfusion period but rapidly recovered the recovery of glomerular microcirculation occurred faster than that of peritubular capillaries we suggest that a functional vasculopathy develops very early in the course of ischemiareperfusion in superficial cortical microvasculature and is more pronounced in PTCs thus accounting for the development of patchy injury of tubular epithelia | MEDAL |
in many different clinical situations including some cases of SH nighttime blood pressure bp is abnormally increased in the majority of patients with consequent flattening of the hour bp profile but the clinical importance of this finding in such conditions is unknown in patients with essential hypertension ambulatory bp has been shown to decrease by from day to night but in severe or malignant hypertension this diurnal bp rhythm may be blunted or even abolished one of the reasons why the noninvasive monitoring of bp may be a reliable tool in assessing the daynight bp changes is the demonstration that frequent cuff inflations do not interfere to a significant extent with the haemodynamic effects of sleep part of the differences between the studies in the reported daynight bp drop may be artifactual owing to the very different time intervals defining the daytime and nighttime subperiods in the single studies in unselected patients with essential hypertension a sizable proportion of subjects to shows abnormally high nighttime bp with consequent flattening of the hour bp profile the so called non dippers as opposed to the dippers who show a maintained diurnal bp rhythm several clinical studies carried out in independent laboratories show that the lung damage induced by hypertensioase ts T3 h exposure the concentrations resulting in inhibition of cell growth ic for BQR fu and fulv microm were and microm respectively both h i.c.v. and h continuous treatment with the ic microm of BQR increased the cytotoxicity of fu but did not enhance that of fulv simultaneous h exposure to microm brequinar and fu lv did not increase the cytotoxicity of fu lv intracellular cytidine triphosphate ctp and uridine triphosphate utp pools free ts IB sites and C2 of free fluorodeoxyuridine monophosphate fdump and deoxyuridine monophosphate dump were measured in cells pretreated with microm BQR for h CT or followed by a h SE to fu microm lv microm in brequinartreated cells ctp and utp pools amounted to and of control values respectively the free ts IB CS remaining amounted to of control values in cells treated with fu and of control levels in those treated with fubrequinar free fdump C2 increased fold in cells pretreated with BQR as compared with those treated with fu alone the increased formation of fdump was inhibited by simultaneous exposure to microm hypoxanthine and microm fu intracellular dump levels were not affected by BQR we conclude that a low dose of BQR increases the cytotoxicity of fu but does not enhance that of fulv when exposure to BQR precedes fu treatment this potentiation appears to be mediated by the increased formation of fdump as a consequence of an increase in the cosubstrate phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate prpp | MEDAL |
a series of fractures of the pedal bone in various types of horses are reported and the clinical features described the fractures were of typesintraarticular or extraarticular involving the wing of the pedal bone and fractures of the extensor process fortyfive horses with a fractured wing of the pedal bone were treated conservatively and by immobilisation of the bony fragment with a compression screw conservative treatment was usually successful in the extraarticular fractures intraarticular fractures treated conservatively in animals under years had a good prognosis the results were not so satisfactory in older horses and surgical treatment proved to be the method of choice all but one of the fractures of the extensor process were treated conservatively the prognosis was not always good as AA osteoarthritis of the interphalangeal joint sometimes developed | MEDAL |
the hearts were examined from patients with isolated ventricular septal defects vsd who had died at the age of years before or without T0 one hundred twenty five heart showed defects with isolated with multiple vsd five major defect types were identified perimembranous sinus central trabecular boundary muscular trabecular infundibular according to the relevance of fibrous skeleton and cardiac conduction system the defects of various sites are divided into C1 CG unadjacent to them muscular and adjacent in terms of septal geometry there are also two C1 groups those located in the inflow portion of the SP and those located in the outflow portion | MEDAL |
austere farforward battlefield environments present numerous obstacles in providing adequate medical care to the injured solidier in addition to logistical constraints that limit the volume of isotonic crystalloid fluids available to resuscitate the injured soldier hypotension environmental and tactical conditions andor the presence of mass casualties can combine to lead to excessive delays in obtaining VA for many years IO infusion has been a rapid reliable method of achieving VA under emergency conditions in children although IO infusion in adults was used extensively in the s and s and a sternal puncture kit for bone marrow infusions was a common component of emergency medical supplies during world war ii only recently have there been discussions and experimental studies to evaluate intraosseous infusions in adult medical emergencies with some medical elements of the us military having recently been reissued intraosseous devices we thought it timely to review the literature on this technique this review discusses the tau and safety of IO infusions of drugs and fluids including IS times and PFR achieved although the intent is to evaluate the feasibility of the technique in the injured soldier literature citations from studies in children exp animals and human cadavers are included to support the statements made and to offer the reader the opportunity to read the original literature | MEDAL |
haziness at sites of balloon angioplasty is believed to represent plaque fractures or platelet deposition the etiology of haziness adjacent to coronary stents remains uncertain this study examines the prevalence and etiology of peristent haziness following highpressure deployment consecutive patients undergoing coronary stenting and IVUS were included haziness was defined as nonhomogeneous contrast density andor indistinct vessel borders by consensus of observers patients were excluded if angiography revealed an obvious cause of haziness thrombus dissection MC segments without haziness were selected for comparison the most diseased site within the reference segment was identified by ultrasound lumen and PI areas percent plaque area and PI echo density were assessed haziness was identified within segments in patients of angiograms examined at hazy CS ultrasound revealed a large percent PA in dissections in and nearnormal findings in segments in the absence of dissection percent PA and lumen area stepdown from the stent to the diseased reference were greater than controls percent PA vs p and lumen stepdown vs p with dissections percent PA and lumen stepdown were not different from controls p and respectively but underlying plaques were more frequently echolucent vs p thus in this T0 peristent haziness was evident in of patients T3 highpressure coronary stent deployment etiologies identified by intravascular ultrasound included unrecognized reference plaque and angiographically occult dissections | MEDAL |
tcellrich bcell lymphoma tcrbcl is an unusual lymphoma which is difficult to diagnose a majority of reactive tcells and numerous histiocytes mask the few large neoplastic bcells fourteen cases of tcrbcl were studied in order to identify the main histological and cytological features useful for this diagnosis neoplastic cells are atypical and sometimes difficult to classify several ha m and at least one other unmapped genome segment genetic reassortants that differ due to the ha or m mutations were used to define the role of these mutations in pathogenesis pathological changes in lungs of INF mice were assessed by hematoxylin phloxine saffron hps staining and viral infection was measured by fluorescent antibody staining of thin sections and flow cytometry of lung parenchymal cells ha played a role in bronchiolar pathology by increasing CN of bronchiolar epithelium peribronchiolar lymphocytes and airway obstruction the ha mutation was shown to be responsible for a unit decreased in the ph optimum of fusion and controlled resistance to alpha and beta inhibitors of hemagglutination both these changes in biology may confer a replicative advantage in bronchioles seen in the first day of infection thus the ha mutation may have conferred a survival advantage in the extracellular lung environment the m mutation resulted in improved growth in the lung and cultured cells and was associated with increases in recruitment of macrophages spread of infection into the alveoli of the lung and interstitial pneumonia CS analysis indicated that the unmapped mutation in the control of fmma virulence is either the kr substitution in the pb protein or the dg substitution in the pb protein one or other of these mutations results in a growth advantage in infected lung but not in cultured cells as well as a further increased recruitment and infection of macrophages in the lung infection with virulent strains of influenza that induced increases in macrophage recruitment caused HT in the mouse | MEDAL |
migraine is a stressrelated disorder suggesting that there may be sympathetic hyperactivity in migraine patients however there are contradictory results concerning GA sympathetic activation in migraine patients to shed more CS on the involvement of the autonomic NS ans in migraine pathophysiology we investigated cardiac and cardiovascular reactions during vagal paced PLB and sympathetic activation mental stress test | MEDAL |
AAS is G1 by CL preparations to mutagens for salmonella typhimurium since this compound is metabolized to the transalphabetaepoxide and since many epoxides are ultimate mutagens this epoxide was tested for direct mutagenicity it was however found to be nonmutagenic and in contrast to the parent compound the epoxide was no longer G1 by CL S9 to mutagens the same was found for the betaketone and for the threoalphabetadihydrodiol which are formed metabolically from transacetylaminostilbene and from its alphabetaepoxide acetylaminobibenzyl showed a very weak mutagenic activity in the presence of the liver preparation thus it is important to realize that where epoxides are formed from compounds which are known to be metabolized to mutagens they are not necessarily responsible for the mutagenicity epoxidation may even prevent the possibility of bioactivation to mutagens | MEDAL |
opioid binding sites have been demonstrated in the spinal cords of four species rat guineapig cow pig similar numbers of sites as measured with the unselective ligand h bremazocine are seen along the length of the rat spinal cord IB in the dorsal horn is three times greater than in ventral horn the CSD of mu delta and kappa CS is similar in all regions the results are discussed in terms of reported distributions of MMP | MEDAL |
the GE contributes cells to several forebrain structures including the cerebral cortex for which it provides gabaergic interneurons migration of neuronal precursors from the retinoicacid rich embryonic ganglionic eminence to the CBF cortex is known to be regulated by several AF but retinoic acid has not been previously implicated we found retinoic acid to potently inhibit cell migration in slice S9 of embryonic mouse forebrains which was reversed by an antagonist of the dopamined receptor whose gene is transcriptionally regulated by retinoic acid histonedeacetylase inhibitors which amplify nuclear receptormediated transcription potentiated the GABA effect of retinoic acid surprisingly when retinoic acid signalling was completely blocked with a panretinoic acid receptor antagonist this also decreased cell migration into the SC implying that a minimal level of endogenous retinoic acid is necessary for tangential migration given these opposing effects of retinoic acid in vitro the in vivo contribution of retinoic acid to migration was tested by counting gabaergic interneurons in cortices of adult mice with experimental reductions in retinoic acid signalling a range of perturbations resulted in significant reductions in the numerical density of some gabaergic interneuron subpopulations these observations suggest functions of retinoic acid in interneuron diversity and organization of cortical excitatoryinhibitory balance | MEDAL |
familial hypobetalipoproteinemia fhbl due to truncationspecifying mutations of apolipoprotein b apob which impair hepatic lipid export in very lowdensity lipoprotein vldl particles is associated with fatty CL in an fhbllike mouse with the apob mutation fatty liver develops despite reduced hepatic fatty FAS however hepatic cholesterol contents in apob mice are normal we found that cholesterogenic enzymes hydroxymethylglutarylcoenzyme a reductase sterolcdesaturase and dehydrocholesterol reductase were consistently downregulated in two separate expressionprofiling experiments using a total of mice n each for apob and apob and n for apob and affymetrix muav genechip microarrays results were confirmed by RT pcr cholesterol synthesis rates in cultured HCs were reduced by and in apob and apob respectively vs apob hepatic triglycerides and lipid peroxides the latter measured by thiobarbituric acidreactive substances tbars CA were significantly elevated in apob and apob vs apob as were mrna expression of the microsomal lipid peroxidizing enzymes cypa and cypa hepatic lipid peroxide levels were positively correlated with triglyceride contents r p thus the fatty liver due to a vldl secretion defect is associated with insufficient adaptation to triglyceride accumulation and with increased lipid peroxidation in contrast apob mice effectively maintain cholesterol homeostasis in the liver at least in part by reducing hepatic cholesterol synthesis | MEDAL |
we examined the aminosteroid uf a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation for potential neuroprotective effects in a canine MM of CCI two mgkg boluses were administered to six dogs the first bolus minutes prior to a minute episode of complete cerebral ischemia and the second bolus T3 T2 of ischemia minute prior to reperfusion using this dosage regimen plasma uf C2 of greater than microgramml were maintained for up to an hour postischemia an additional six animals received equal volumes of the citrate vehicle solution at and hours postischemia the dogs were neurologically evaluated by an observer blinded as to treatment selection all six uftreated animals had a normal neurologic outcome at hours postischemia while the citrate vehicletreated animals all suffered moderate to severe neurologic deficits the difference in outcome was significant at both and hours p less than although uf is a aminosteroid it is not reported to possess glucocorticoid activity this is supported by the present finding that no changes in PG concentration were observed following administration of the drug the SVR VE levels of citrate vehicletreated animals decreased significantly from microgramsml to microgramsml p less than whereas the VE C2 in uftreated animals did not decrease significantly these results suggest that uf may be of benefit in improving neurologic outcome when administered prior to an episode of CR cerebral ischemiaabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
although leukoaraiosis is a common finding on computed tomographic ct scans of the BB its pathogenesis remains uncertain to investigate the association between blood pressure bp disturbances and leukoaraiosis we retrospectively reviewed ct scans and hour ambulatory blood pressure monitorings of elderly patients women and men mean age years of the patients were demented had alzheimers disease and vascular PSD and were not demented the LA score la score was determined by using rezeks scale to evaluate shortterm R2 of bp we determined the variability of systolic and diastolic bps sbp dbp withinsubject sigma of all readings over a hour period the CV variability of bpmean bp and the maximal R2 of bp difference between the maximum and minimum hour bps higher la scores were associated with higher sbps in hour diurnal and nocturnal periods higher maximal variation of sbp greater R2 of sbp during hour diurnal and nocturnal periods and greater coefficient of variability of sbp during sleep our study suggests that elevations and shortterm variations of sbp may contribute to the pathogenesis of WG matter lesions in elderly persons | MEDAL |
the purpose of this study was to characterize the anatomy and physiology of accessory pathways that exhibit anterograde decremental conduction | MEDAL |
family members perceptions of professional support expected of critical care nurses were examined for differences related to cultural affiliation using the professional support questionnaire for critical care nurses working with family members psq the psq was administered facetoface to family members waiting to visit a critically ill relative admitted to the intensive care unit anova and post hoc tests were computed to compare family members expectations for professional nursing support during a relatives critical illness across three cultural groupsafrican american hispanic and WG there were significant differences in family members responses on certain psq items across cultural groups despite these differences family members expectations of professional support from critical care nurses were generally universalsuggesting equitable care dignity and respect should be universal values there is a need for critical care nurses to develop interventions that respect some cultural uniqueness as well as address the universal needs of family members coping with the icu admission of a critically ill family member | MEDAL |
to further characterize the mutations within the chst gene responsible for causing macular corneal dystrophy in a cohort of affected patients from the united states | MEDAL |
malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors pets have a poor prognosis and existing antitumor treatments are unsatisfactory recent studies have shown somatostatin analogues to have antitumor growth effects in patients with malignant pets however to the authors knowledge little information exists regarding their efficacy or effect on survival in patients with progressive malignant gastrinoma the most common symptomatic malignant pet the purpose of the current study was to T0 prospectively the efficacy safety and effect on survival of LT treatment with octreotide in consecutive patients with progressive malignant gastrinoma | MEDAL |
the use of a custommade silicone ectoprosthesis of the nippleareola complex is presented it is suggested T3 completion of breast mound reconstruction for those women who cannot undergo or refuse to undergo any further surgical procedure or else for tfcm and kgd more scm than those fed alfalfa hay concentrate percentage in the diet increased milk yield and kgd at and respectively methionine OH analog increased MF percentage and yield for cows fed diets of and concentrate with alfalfa hay but not for those fed diets of and concentrate with bromegrass hay effect of methionine OH analog was not significant for MF or yield when diets of concentrate were fed | MEDAL |
a recombinant form of human rhil was overexpressed in escherichia coli hms de plyss under the control of a t promoter the resulting insoluble inclusion bodies were separated from cellular debris by crossflow filtration and solubilized by homogenization with m DTG hcl attempts at refolding rhil from solubilized inclusion bodies without prior purification of monomeric denatured rhil were not successful denatured monomeric rhil was therefore initially purified by sizeexclusion chromatography using prepgrade pharmacia superdex correctly folded rhil monomer was generated by statically refolding the denatured protein at a final protein concentration of microgml in mm tris mm edta mm larginine ph buffer with gl oxidized glutathione at degrees c for at least h the refolded rhil was subsequently purified by lowpressure liquid chromatography using a combination of hydrophobic interaction cationexchange and sizeexclusion chromatography the purified final product was pure by sdspage stained with coomassie brilliant blue highpressure sizeexclusion chromatography sechplc and RP-HPLC the endotoxin level was eumg the final purified product was biologically AS in a validated il dependent prebcell bioassay in anticipation of human PCTs this material is currently being evaluated for safety and tau in NHP toxicology studies | MEDAL |
to clarify the structure and CF of the airways in mycobacterium aviumintracellulare mai infection we performed pulmonary function tests and highresolution computed tomography hrct of the thorax in female patients yr of age n with pulmonary mai infection without predisposing lung disease and compared their data with those of normal female volunteers yr of age n we calculated the ei ratio ie the average ratio of hrct number at full expiration to that at full inspiration as an index for the DUE of air trapping distal to the small airways patients showed significant increases in residual volume and slope of phase iii deltan of the singlebreath nitrogen test and significant decreases in flow at and of fvc suggesting hyperinflation and one of the small airways hrct of patients revealed the small nodules and ectasis of bronchioles and small bronchi located mainly in segments s s s s and s the ei ratio was significantly elevated in patients and especially higher in the upper lung field than in the lower lung field suggesting air trapping distal to the small airways the difference of ei ratio between the upper and lower field is probably related to the segmental CSD of ct CA these findings suggest that mai infection can lead to air trapping distal to the small airways | MEDAL |
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