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arsenic in moss samples was determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry etaas after microwaveassisted sample digestion two different sample masses mg and mg and three different MW ovens wemic lupus erythematosus to determine whether silica exposure can exacerbate SVR autoimmunity in genetically predisposed animals new zealand mixed mice were intranasally instilled twice with saline or saline suspensions of mg silica or micro g tio a dose equivalent in SA and were evaluated with respect to health and immune status survival in silica exposed nzm mice was decreased compared to saline and tio exposed mice PU levels were elevated in Si exposed mice C2 of circulating immune complexes autoantibodies to nuclear antigen ana histone and double stranded dna were measured every two weeks by elisa circulating immune complexes showed a trend towards an increased acceleration in levels in the silica exposed mice compared to saline and tio exposed mice ana levels were significantly higher in silica exposed animals compared to saline and tio exposed animals versus and p weeks PE autoantibodies to histone were also significantly elevated T3 weeks in silica exposed animals compared to saline and tio exposed animals versus and p in contrast serum igg levels were decreased in silica exposed nzm mice compared to the saline controls however igm C2 were unaffected lungs of the silicaexposed mice had increased inflammatory infiltrates as well as fibrotic lesions characterized by excess collagen deposition therefore although nzm mice are susceptible to sle silica SE significantly exacerbated the course of disease | MEDAL |
using jaw surgery as a surrogate marker for osteonecrosis of the jaw this exploratory T0 did not find that the risk of jaw surgery was significantly increased with the use of oral bisphosphonates in postmenopausal women | MEDAL |
we report the case of an adolescent male who presented with mutism immobility catalepsy and mannerisms the patient was admitted to our hospital with suspected catatonic schizophrenia however he was subsequently diagnosed with catatonia due to aspergers disorder the patient was a yearold male more than six months before presentation his grandfather displayed bizarre and violent behavior subsequently he began to experience catatonia which eventually led to hospitalization treatment with diazepam improved his condition and as no causal disorders other than aspergers disorder were identified he was diagnosed with catatonia the patient had experienced persistent abuse by his mother during childhood therefore it is important to consider reactive att disorder dsmivtr as a differential diagnosis among child and adolescent psychiatrists catatonia is considered to occur at a high frequency among patients with autistic spectrum disorders in contrast GA psychiatrists tend to consider catatonia as related to schizophrenia which may be the reason why the diagnosis of our patient was difficult we assume that the pathogenesis of catatonia in this case was death mimicry due to the subjective perception of a lifethreatening situation for the treatment of catatonia with ASDs the efficacy of benzodiazepines and electroconvulsive therapy has been established when a patient with an autistic spectrum disorder presents with motor functional disturbances it is important to consider these disturbances as catatonia furthermore it is also important to begin the treatment mentioned above even in the presence of definite psychogenic or situational factors | MEDAL |
conifers are resistant to attack from a large number of potential herbivores or pathogens previous molecular and biochemical characterization of selected conifer defence systems support a model of multigenic constitutive and induced defences that act on invading insects via PCS chemical PSA or ecological multitrophic mechanisms however the genomic foundation of the complex defence and resistance mechanisms of conifers is largely unknown as part of a genomics strategy to characterize inducible defences and possible resistance mechanisms of conifers against insect herbivory we developed a cdna microarray building upon a new spruce picea spp expressed sequence tag resource this firstgeneration spruce cdna microarray contains cdna elements representing c unique genes we used this array to monitor mRNA in sitka spruce picea sitchensis bark in response to herbivory by white pine weevils pissodes strobi curculionidae or wounding and in young shoot tips in response to western spruce budworm choristoneura occidentalis lepidopterae feeding weevils are stemboring insects that feed on phloem while budworms are foliage feeding larvae that consume needles and young shoot tips both insect species and wounding treatment caused substantial changes of the host plant transcriptome detected in each case by DGE of several thousand array elements at or d after the ON of treatment overall there was considerable overlap among differentially expressed gene sets from these three stress treatments PET classification of the induced transcripts revealed genes with roles in general plant defence octadecanoid and ethylene signalling transport AA metabolism and transcriptional regulation several genes involved in primary metabolic processes such as photosynthesis were downregulated upon insect FF or wounding fitting with the concept of dynamic resource allocation in plant defence refined expression analysis using genespecific primers and RT pcr for selected transcripts was in agreement with microarray results for most genes tested this T0 provides the first largescale survey of insectinduced defence transcripts in a gymnosperm and provides a platform for PET investigation of plantinsect interactions in spruce induction of spruce genes of octadecanoid and ethylene signalling terpenoid biosynthesis and phenolic secondary metabolism are discussed in more detail | MEDAL |
although cutaneous TCL ctcl is a neoplastic helper tcell disorder of unknown etiology prolonged antigenic stimulation has been postulated to contribute to the development of this disease because epsteinbarr virus ebv infection has been associated with several different lymphomas the sera of ctcl patients were examined for antibodies to ebv antigens by using complement immunofluorescence cif techniques of ctcl patients had detectable antibodies to epsteinbarr ANA ebna whereas only five of control psoriatic patients were cif positive when immunoblot analysis was employed all of the ctcl patients had antibodies to the ebv antigens ebna whereas only of the CP had detectable antibodies to these antigens in addition three of ctcl patients had antibodies to the ebvassociated antigen RA ICA nuclear antigen rana as determined by double immunodiffusion whereas none of the control sera contained antirana antibodies these results indicate that antibodies against ebv antigens are found with a higher frequency and concentration in patients with ctcl when compared to controls and suggest that ebv products might serve as a possible stimulus for the OD of this malignant disease | MEDAL |
colon cancer with PVTT has a poor prognosis however little is known about the clinicopathological characteristics of these patients in this T0 we attempted to clarify the clinicopathological characteristics of such patients reported in the japanese literature including our own case this case concerns a yearold female patient diagnosed as having transverse colon CA with severe portal vein tumor thrombosis despite R0 the patient was found to have multiple CL metastases six months later and chemotherapy did not prove to be adequately effective she died months T3 surgery a search of the relevant literature revealed reports of similar patients the patients consisted of males and synchronous cases with a median age of years portal vein tumor thrombosis was observed in patients while the portal vein was the most frequent site of thrombosis other patients showed tumor thrombosis of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins despite R0 patients eventually developed LM after the T0 the median diseasefree survival of the patients who had undergone R0 was days and the overall median survival of the patients was days thus for the portal vein tumor thrombosis we need to adopt adjuvant chemotherapy in consideration of a high risk for the liver metastases | MEDAL |
the inactivation of CA ca in the lastinstar larva of the tobacco hornworm manduca sexta was studied using in vivo CA methods that test the capacity of the PG to induce an extra larval molt results indicate that the ca are inactivated by a twostep process in the first step a neurohormonal inhibition occurs by day after ecdysis resulting in a decrease in the ability of the PG to respond to allatotropin the inhibitory hormone appears to be secreted by the medial NSC in the brain and remains in the hemolymph only for a short period of days the second step of inactivation occurs by day it is neurally mediated and essentially terminates juvenile hormone secretion neither the neurohormonal nor the neural inhibition is reversible under the conditions used in our larval assays the timing of the two stages of inhibition coincides with the two periods of reduction in hemolymph juvenile hormone titer this suggests that the regulation of CA activity plays an important role in reducing theopment of a neural network nn based adaptive flight control system for a high performance aircraft the main contribution of this work is that the proposed control system is able to compensate the system uncertainties adapt to the changes in flight conditions and accommodate the system failures the underlying T0 can be considered in two phases the objective of the first phase is to model the dynamic SMB of a nonlinear f model using nns therefore a nnbased adaptive ID model is developed for three angular rates of the aircraft an online training procedure is developed to adapt the changes in the system dynamics and improve the identification accuracy in this procedure a firstin firstout stack is used to store a certain PH of the inputoutput data the training is performed over the whole data in the stack at every stage to speed up the convergence rate and enhance the accuracy for achieving the online learning the levenbergmarquardt optimization method with a trust region approach is adapted to train the nns the objective of the second phase is to develop intelligent flight controllers a nnbased adaptive pid control scheme that is composed of an emulator nn an estimator nn and a discrete time pid controller is developed the emulator nn is used to calculate the system jacobian required to train the estimator nn the estimator nn which is trained online by propagating the SO error through the emulator is used to adjust the pid gains the nnbased adaptive pid control system is applied to control three angular rates of the nonlinear f MM the bodyaxis pitch roll and yaw rates are fed back via the pid controllers to the elevator aileron and rudder actuators respectively the resulting control system has learning adaptation and faulttolerant abilities it avoids the storage and interpolation requirements for the too many controller parameters of a typical flight control system performance of the control system is successfully tested by performing several sixdegreesoffreedom nonlinear simulations | MEDAL |
this study was designed to assess whether an oxygenated FC solution could reduce ICM brain damage related to arterial air embolism air embolism was produced by injecting air bubbles into the i.c. of barbiturateanesthetized rats breathing oxygen results were assessed on electrocorticogram in an additional set of experiments mass spectrometry was used to provide continuous monitoring of intracerebral tissue oxygen po and carbon dioxide pco tensions and intermittent measurement of CBF blood flow cbf fluorocarbon or saline solution containing the emulsifying agent of fluorocarbons was given intravenously T3 the initial air embolism ml and injections of air ml were repeated thereafter every five T2 the maximal amount of air required to achieve complete and irreversible flattening of the electrocorticogram was ml mean standard error of the mean in the salinetreated rats and ml in the fluorocarbontreated group p less than in the second experiment PAE caused cbf to rise in both CG the average percent of increase being higher in treated than in control animals p less than however in the control group the increase in cbf did not prevent intracerebral tissue po from decreasing by over the same period conversely in the FC group po C2 fell by only p less than versus controls but this timeaveraged percentage was calculated over a longer period of cumulative ischemia because of the greater number of air emboli tolerated by treated animalsabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the histochemical IF pattern of succinic dehydrogenase sdh does not show unequivocal differentiation between the type i red and type ii red MF in mammalian striated muscles since high biochemical activity of betahydroxybutyric dehydrogenase betahobdh occurs in mitochondria of the type i red MF the histochemical localization of this enzyme may show a DP of IF reciprocal to that seen for myofibrillar atpase it remains to be confirmed that the type i red MF which are possibly slowtwitch physiologically possess the highest concentration of myoglobin the histochemical correlation of myoglobin and myofibrillar atpase in serial sections should be studied in order to achieve a more realistic picture various glycolytic and glycogenolytic enzymes should be incubated according to the gelatin film technique or semipermeable membrane technique or collagen polypeptide technique a histochemical rho of phosphorylase ldh pfk alphaglycerophosphate dehydrogenase and myofibrillar atpase in adjacent muscle sections may throw CS on the histochemical characteristics of the different fibretypes the specific histochemical demonstration of ampase is achieved following preincubation of tissue sections adpase has been demonstrated by the calcium precipitation technique only guth and yellin a number of studies claim however that adpase is not demonstrable histochemically in muscle MF the presence of magnesium ions is a prerequisite for the adequate histochemical demonstration of mitochondrial atpase the latter is inhibited almost CR by mm ca when mg is not added at both neutral and alkaline ph values the histochemical activity of sratpase seen as continuous reticula but without punctuate and subsarcolemmal IF possibly represents the extra atpase of sr on the basis of myofibrillar atpase reaction an inherent heterogeneity between the type ii red and type ii WG may be recognized in addition the above fibretypes possess their respective subpopulations following dik edta preincubation some type ii red MF show selective lability these are the mitochondriarich fibres thus in the total absence of both punctuate and SS IF the presence of mitochondrial atpase activity under the histochemical conditions for myofibrilld from fibroblasts of a patient with hprt deficiency both lnsv sublines gm and lnsv were heteroploid and showed considerable numerical and structural chromosome variability nineteen rearranged chromosomes which were observed at VHF have been set aside as marker chromosomes and their probable derivation from normal human chromosomes has been described in paris conference nomenclature heterogeneity within these uncloned sublines appears to increase with time in SC and no evidence was found for evolution of a karyotypically SD cell population the results are of general significance for cell genetic studies using established cell lines | MEDAL |
the aim of this T0 was to evaluate etest for detectability of linezolidresistant meticillinresistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa the mic of linezolid obtained by the etest method in linezolidresistant strains of mrsa was compared with that obtained using standard agar and broth dilution methods according to clinical and laboratory standards institute guidelines the mean linezolid mic obtained by etest in linezolidresistant strains of mrsa using muellerhinton mh agar was fold lower than that obtained by the agar dilution method with the result that of the linezolidresistant strains were incorrectly classified as linezolidsusceptible the mic of linezolid by etest on brainheart infusion bhi agar had a mean value fold lower than that obtained by the agar dilution method suggesting that replacing mh agar with bhi agar considerably improved the detectability of linezolidresistant mrsa use of blood agar mh agar supplemented with sheep blood and h of incubation resulted in agreement with the agar and BB dilution methods thus this study revealed that the etest on mh agar and bhi agar yielded falsenegative results in a significant fraction of the linezolidresistant mrsa hence the use of blood agar and prolonged incubation is highly recommended for the accurate PCD of linezolidresistant mrsa using etest | MEDAL |
in laboratory rodents caloric restriction cr retards several agedependent physiological and biochemical changes in skeletal muscle including increased steadystate levels of oxidative damage to lipids dna and proteins we used immunogold electron microscopic em techniques with antibodies raised against hydroxynonenal hne modified proteins dinitrophenol and nitrotyrosine to quantify and localize the agedependent accrual of oxidative damage in Rh monkey vastus lateralis skeletal muscle using immunogold em analysis of muscle from Rh monkeys ranging in age from to years old a fourfold maximal increase in C2 of hnemodified proteins was observed likewise carbonyl C2 increased approximately twofold with aging comparing to yearold normally fed to agematched monkeys subjected to cr for years C2 of hnemodified proteins carbonyls and nitrotyrosine in skeletal muscle from the cr group were significantly less than control group values oxidative damage largely localized to myofibrils with lesser labeling in other subcellular compartments accumulation of lipid peroxidationderived aldehydes such as MDA and hydroxyalkenals and protein carbonyls were measured biochemically and confirmed the morphological data our study is the first to quantify morphologically and localize the agedependent accrual of oxidative damage in mammalian skeletal muscle and to demonstrate that oxidative damage in primates is lowered by cr | MEDAL |
the asymmetric unit of the title compound chclno contains two molecules with similar conformations the nonh atoms comprising the hchromenobpyridine residue are essentially coplanar rms deviations and Ã¥ for the two molecules and the main difference between them is seen in the twist about the bond linking the main residue to the attached chlorobenzene rings dihedral angles and ° for the two molecules zigzag supramolecular chains along the aaxis direction mediated by aminopyridine nhâ¯n hydrogen bonds feature in the crystal packing these are connected into a threedimensional architecture by châ¯Ï interactions and clâ¯cl contacts clâ¯cl Ã¥ | MEDAL |
acidic glycosaminoglycans gags and gangliosides were analyzed in the brains from control fetuses fetal hurler syndrome control children and three patients affected by genetic mucopolysaccharidosis hurler hunter and morquio syndromes gags contents in the brains from patients with hurler and hunter syndromes were approximately fold greater as compared with those controls and most of the gags were much more degraded than those from controls DS ds which was not identified in the control brains comprised about of the total gags on the other hand gags content and molecular weight distribution in the BB from the patient affected by morquio syndrome were similar to those in the control brains gags content in the BB from fetal hurler syndrome was also fold greater and ds which was not detected in the control fetal brains comprised of the total gags however the molecular weight distribution of the gags was similar to those of the control fetal brains the total amount of the BB gangliosides in all patients assayed here was similar to those in the control brains however a greater amount of gm and gmgangliosides was observed in the brains from patients with hurler and hunter syndromes | MEDAL |
enhanced simultaneous decolorization of congo red and bioelectricity generation with anthraquinonedisulphonic disodium salt aqds riboflavin rf and humic acid ha as mediators in aircathode microbial fuel cell mfc was demonstrated compared with mediatorfree mfc the mfc with added mm aqds mm rf or gl ha showed and increase in maximum PD along with and increases in decolorization rates of CR respectively addition of mediators at higher concentration further increased SP and congo red decolorization but the increases were not proportional to the rise in mediator concentration based on decreases of anode charge transfer resistance and increases of CR decolorization the mediators kinetically promote the extracellular electron transfer between bacteria anode and CR microbial analysis showed that addition of mediators changed the composition of anodic microbial community and stimulated the growth of species belonging to chlorobi endomicrobia and firmicutes | MEDAL |
the aim of this T0 was to investigate the effects of ethanol extracts of alpinia pricei ape on lipid profiles and lipid peroxidation syrian hamsters were fed a chowbased hypercholesterolemic diet hcd for weeks to induce hypercholesterolemia mgdl to evaluate the potency of ape in suppressing hypercholesterolemia hamsters were then fed hcd plus a high dose mgkg body weight or a low dose mgkg body weight of ape or only hcd for another weeks we found that hypercholesterolemic hamsters fed a high dose of ape had lower serum total cholesterol tc and lowdensity lipoproteincholesterol ldlc C2 lower thiobarbituric acid reactive substances tbars and alanine aminotransferase alt activities lower atherogenic indices ldlchdlc and tchdlc ratios and lower hepatic protein expression of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor gamma ppargamma than hamsters fed a hcd diet in addition we also determined the preventive effects of ape on hamsters fed a hcd for weeks the hypocholesterolemic effects were also found in hamsters cofed a high dose of ape and hcd for weeks these results suggest that ape has both suppressive and preventive potencies against hypercholesterolemia and has the potency to protect against lipid peroxidation | MEDAL |
increased FRC frc and compliance are two desirable but seldom measured effects of positive endexpiratory pressure peep in MV patients to assess how these variables reflect the morphological lung perturbations during the evolution of ALI and the morphological changes from altered peep we correlated measurements of frc and respiratory system mechanics to the degree of lung aeration and consolidation on computed tomography ct we used a porcine OA MM with frc determinations by sulfur hexafluoride washinwashout and respiratory system mechanics measured during an inspiratory hold maneuver within the first hour during constant volumecontrolled ventilation with peep cm ho frc decreased by p and compliance decreased by p resistance increased by p only the frc changes correlated significantly to the decreased aeration r p and the increased consolidation r p on ct when the peep was changed to either or cm ho there were larger changes in frc than in compliance we conclude that in our MM frc was a more CS indicator of peepinduced aeration and recruitment of lung tissue and that frc may be a useful adjunct to pao monitoring | MEDAL |
rice straw was pretreated by different combinations of physical milling and biological incubation with pleurotus ostreatus fungus treatment to improve its biodegradability and biogas production during solidstate anaerobic digestion ssad effects of milling ⩽mm and incubation time and d on lignin cellulose and hemicellulose degradation during fungal pretreatment and methane yield during digestion were assessed by comparison with UT rice straw both incubation time and milling had significant impacts on both lignin removal during fungal pretreatment and methane yield during digestion a combination of fungal pretreatment at days followed by milling prior to anaerobic digestion resulted in lignin removal the highest selectivity value the ratio between relative lignin removal and relative cellulose removal of and the highest methane yield of lkgvs this was equivalent to a increase in methane yield from ssad compared to untreated rice straw | MEDAL |
before the patient protection and affordable care act aca many americans with disabilities were locked into poverty to maintain eligibility for medicaid coverage us medicaid expansion under the aca allows individuals to qualify for coverage without first going through a disability determination process and declaring an inability to work to obtain supplemental security income medicaid expansion coverage also allows for greater income and imposes no asset tests in this article we share updates to our previous work documenting greater employment among people with disabilities living in medicaid expansion states over time the trends in employment among individuals with disabilities living in medicaid expansion states have become significant indicating a slow but steady progression toward employment for this group postaca in effect medicaid expansion coverage is acting as an employment incentive program for people with disabilities these findings have broad policy implications in CS of recent changes regarding imposition of work requirements for medicaid programs | MEDAL |
we present a detailed structural analysis for small tin n clusters based on ab initio quantum mechanical calculations of their binding energies frontier orbital gaps and second SE derivatives local density approximation calculations revealed that while the smaller clusters n or prefer hexagonal atomic arrays with bulklike crystal symmetry the bigger clusters prefer pentagonal atomic arrays from the stability criteria of the magic number clusters we could identify three magic number clusters ti ti and ti while the most stable configuration of ti is a decahedral bipyramid induced by tetrahedral atomic arrays the most SD configuration of ti is an icosahedron the other SD cluster ti takes a closedshell icosahedronlike configuration with both pentagonal and hexagonal symmetries the stability of the tin clusters strongly depends on their geometries and charge states the homolumo gap of the tin clusters approaches its bulk value for n while there is not much difference between the homo and lumo isosurface charge distributions for the ti and ti clusters in their most stable configurations they are very different in the case of ti such a distinct charge distribution in ti indicates its singular chemical selectivity over the other two magic number clusters | MEDAL |
fiberoptic bronchoscopy has become a commonplace procedure in icus despite the fact that one of the most common indications for bronchoscopy is the presence of retained secretions and atelectasis there is little research dedicated to its safety and utility in this clinical situation this article presents a case of an intubated trauma victim who had undergone numerous bronchoscopic procedures with varying degrees of success for retained secretions and atelectasis this review then seeks to answer the following three main questions regarding bronchoscopy in critically ill patients is bronchoscopy ERP in resolving atelectasis is bronchoscopy superior to other means of resolving atelectasis is bronchoscopy safe in critically ill patients the patient was a yearold man with no significant medical PH who presented to the emergency department T3 his car was hit by a dump truck he was found to have multiple leg fractures and a splenic rupture and he was taken to the operating room for an exploratory laparotomy splenectomy and reduction of his fractures he was then brought to the surgical icu intubated sedated and receiving mechanical ventilation over the next h he developed progressive hypoxemia and diffuse bilateral AM infiltrates on a chest radiograph cxr four days postoperatively a routine cxr revealed total atelectasis of his right upper lobe rul emergent bronchoscopy was performed and a C1 mucus plug obscuring the rul bronchus was removed followup cxr demonstrated resolution of the atelectasis the next day rul atelectasis was again seen on his cxr a repeat bronchoscopic examination and bal failed to reveal any plug a followup cxr showed continued atelectasis over the next week the patient underwent daily bronchoscopy for atelectasis with VL degrees of improvement over the next weeks his pulmonary status improved until he was eventually extubated and month after hospital admission he was discharged to rehabilitation | MEDAL |
this paper describes the use of amniotic membrane in the reconstructive surgical repair of generalized keratomalacia ankyloblepharon and T3 fibrous histiocytoma removal in two dogs and a cat case was an yearold female yorkshire terrier with severe bullous keratomalacia in the left eye os a frozen canine AM graft and a third eyelid flap were applied at day postoperatively only a mild scar and corneal vascularization were present case was a yearold female siamese cat with symblepharon of both eyes T3 rhinotracheitis resection of the conjunctiva and frozen canine amniotic membrane SPK were performed one month later there was a little corneal scarring and corneal vascularization case was a yearold female terrier with a scleral and corneal mass at the oclock position os resection of the mass and AMT were performed the mass was a fibrous histiocytoma localized to the sclera and cornea this eye healed with mild conjunctivalization and no pigmentation amniotic membrane transplantation can be used as a method of reconstruction of the ocular surface with good repair of the cornea and minimal scarring in small animals | MEDAL |
the prediction emanating from SM drum theory henry rogers that simple reaction time srt increases as a response becomes more complex ie increases in number of movement parts was investigated experiments n and n indicated that srt was longer for responses consisting of two and three parts than it was for a onepart response and this may be interpreted as support for the prediction failing to support the prediction however was the finding that srt was essentially the same for responses consisting of two and three parts this may not be too damaging to the theory because it could simply be reflecting an upper limit in terms of numbers of parts or response duration for causing an increase in srt experiments n and revealed an srt effect between two responses that were supposed to be equal in complexity at first this finding appeared to be contrary to the prediction but it may be interpreted as support for it because one of the responses defined as having one movement part could actually have had two | MEDAL |
in this article we describe detailed pathological and molecular genetics studies in a consanguineous kindred with pendreds syndrome the index patient was a yearold female patient with congenital deafness and goiter her parents were firstdegree cousins she had a large goiter g that had been present since childhood one of her sisters and a niece are also deaf and have goiter as well the presence of pendreds syndrome was confirmed by a positive perchlorate test and the demonstration of a mondini malformation TFTs under levothyroxine lt therapy were in the euthyroid range with a thyrotropin tsh level of microuml a serum TT4 t of nmoll and a serum total triiodothyronine t of nmoll total Tx was performed and the mass in the right lobe was found to have invaded adjacent tissues the histopathological findings were consistent with a follicular carcinoma with areas of anaplastic transformation and lung metastasis the patient was treated twice with mci iodine mbq and received suppressive doses of lt postoperatively the serum thyroglobulin tg C2 remained markedly elevated to ngml the patient died of a sudden severe episode of hemoptysis CS analysis of the pds gene performed with dna from the two relatives with pendreds syndrome revealed the presence of a deletion of thymidine in exon a point mutation that results in a frameshift and a premature stop codon at codon in the pendrin molecule we concluded that prolonged tsh stimulation because of ID or dyshormonogenesis in combination with mutations of oncogenes andor RT suppressor genes may result in the development of FTCs that undergo transformation into anaplastic cancers it is likely that these pathogenetic mechanisms have been involved in the OD of aggressive metastatic thyroid CA in this unusual patient with pendreds syndrome | MEDAL |
a radial thenar flap combined with radial forearm flap was used for the reconstruction of the ipsilateral thumb in four patients V1 supply of the combined flap was based on the RA and extending the vascular pedicle to the SF palmar branch of the radial artery the flap was sensated by the palmar CB of the SF radial nerve the size of the flap averaged x cm and the innervated region of the thenar eminence was an area approximately x cm located over the PT parts of the APB and opponens pollicis muscles the flap was transferred as a free flap in three patients and as an advancement flap in one patient the flaps survived completely without complications satisfactory restoration of sensation was achieved in the flap area as shown by mm of average moving twopoint discrimination this combined flap may be a feasible reconstructive option for large palmar defects of the fingers such as degloving injuries | MEDAL |
in male rats exposed to repeated AS the decrease in AS reactivity produced by subcutaneous i.t. of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate recorded by the decrease in stressinduced concentrations of corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone in blood plasma was observed days postinjection and involved central RII mechanisms | MEDAL |
urothelial CA of the bladder is the th most common malignancy in american men and the th most common in women although it is a chemosensitive disease advanced bladder cancer seems to have reached a plateau with regard to median survival of patients standard firstline therapy remains gemcitabine plus cisplatin gc or methotrexate vinblastine doxorubicin and cisplatin mvac in patients deemed unfit to receive cisplatin gemcitabine plus carboplatin or gemcitabine plus paclitaxel can be considered to date no standard therapy has been established for patients who recur or are refractory to firstline therapy secondline vinflunine by way of superiority over best supportive care has shown promise in a phase iii trial cisplatinbased therapy mvac or gc can also be offered to patients previously treated with cisplatin especially if they responded previously and are considered platinumsensitive novel targeted therapies are sorely needed to further improve the delivery and tau of chemotherapy | MEDAL |
the tu mutant of arabidopsis thaliana l heynh was previously described as deficient in pathogeninduced auxin and glucosinolate gsl accumulation as well as in heatinduced accumulation of cytosolic hsp the latter feature was accompanied by reduced thermotolerance at higher temperatures the mutated gene was shown to be a novel allele of terminal flower encoding the only arabidopsis homolog for heterochromatin protein kim et al in this report we investigated the influence of HS on auxin and gsl content as well as the accumulation of several AA metabolites derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway including anthocyanins and sinapine derivatives in the mutant tu tu had less sinapine and sinapoyl esters compared to the wild type in addition the induction of sinapine by heat shock in columbia was not found in tu anthocyanins were also induced by HS in wild type plants whereas tu showed only slight induction of these EDC and only at higher temperatures gsls were induced at higher temperatures in the wild type but induction was absent in tu transcript C2 known to be involved in iaaglucosinolate synthesis and metabolism nitrilase and myrosinase were examined and both showed developmental regulation while only nitrilase mrna levels differed between wild type and mutant seedlings treatment of columbia and tu with JA ja a known inducer of glucosinolates showed differences between wild type and tu with respect to induction of individual gsls and anthocyanins however the transcript level of the tutfl gene after heat shock and jasmonate treatment did not NC loss of function or altered function in the heterochromatin protein most likely lead to the pleiotropic phenotype observed for the tu mutant | MEDAL |
αsynuclein accumulation and mitochondrial dysfunction have both been strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of FPD pd and the two appear to be related mitochondrial dysfunction leads to accumulation and oligomerization of αsynuclein and increased C2 of αsynuclein cause mitochondrial impairment but the basis for this bidirectional interaction remains obscure we now report that certain posttranslationally modified species of αsynuclein bind with high affinity to the tom translocase of the outer membrane presequence receptor of the mitochondrial protein import machinery this IB prevented the interaction of tom with its coreceptor tom and impaired mitochondrial protein import consequently there were deficient mitochondrial QO2 enhanced production of ROS species and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential examination of postmortem BB tissue from pd patients revealed an aberrant αsynucleintom interaction in nigrostriatal DA SN that was associated with loss of imported mitochondrial proteins thereby confirming this pathogenic process in the human disease modest knockdown of endogenous αsynuclein was sufficient to maintain mitochondrial protein import in an in vivo MM of pd furthermore in in vitro systems overexpression of tom or a mitochondrial targeting signal peptide had beneficial effects and preserved mitochondrial protein import this study characterizes a pathogenic mechanism in pd identifies toxic species of wildtype αsynuclein and reveals potential new therapeutic strategies for neuroprotection | MEDAL |
a man known to have familial dysautonomia presented with a cardiac arrhythmia due to development of hiatal hernia and gastroesophageal reflux preoperative PS and assessment are described including use of power spectrum analysis of heart rate fluctuations which was consistent with enhanced parasympathetic stimulation T3 surgical repair of hiatal hernia and fundoplication bradycardia resolved GE reflux symptoms subsided and the power spectrum analysis of HR rate confirmed decreased parasympathetic influence power spectrum analysis proved to be a useful adjunct in confirming preoperative autonomic imbalance and assessing the postoperative result it is concluded that in individuals with disorders such as familial dysautonomia that are associated with autonomic dysfunction cardiac arrhythmias may be a sign of esophageal pathology thus cardiac evaluations should be accompanied by investigation of gastroesophageal structure and function and appropriate treatment may prevent a catastrophic arrhythmia | MEDAL |
seven basic fluorochromes with varying specificities were used to stain the large squamous epithelial cells isolated from the larval salivary PG of megaselia scalaris phoridae although the edtabased method selected for isolating the cells produced permeabilization and a loss of viability of the cells consistent results were obtained with the various fluorochromes the classical DP of green nuclear and red cytoplasmic fluorescence observed in cells stained with acridine orange could be changed to green cytoplasmic and red nuclear fluorescence by pretreatment with rnase the predominantly cytoplasmic and nucleolar fluorescence obtained with pyronine y could be changed to mainly nuclear fluorescence by rnase i.c.v. the other five fluorochromes tested were not affected appreciably by SE with rnase quinacrine mustard dicarbocyanine dioc and Rh produced primarily cytoplasmic and nucleolar fluorescence while nile red revealed mainly cytoplasmic lipid droplets phosphine r initially stained lipid droplets but very rapidly redistributed throughout the cytoplasm and nucleus because of their C1 size flatness and content of histochemically demonstrable components the cells of megaselia are especially AGA for use as optical objects or controls in various studies new methods of isolating the cells however will be needed to prevent permeabilization and loss of viability of the cells | MEDAL |
children diagnosed with DCD dcd present with a variety of impairments in fine and gross motor CF which impact on their activity and participation in a variety of settings this research aimed to determine if a week groupbased cognitive orientation to daily occupational performance coop intervention improved outcome measures across the impairment activity and participation levels of the international classification of functioning disability and health icf FR | MEDAL |
the authors report the results of a study on patients with chronic cor pulmonale hospitalized in the departement of cardiology dakar from to the hospital prevalence is with a male predominance the clinical signs were dominated by dyspnea and cough the right heart failure is noted in of cases as far as the biological factor is concerned it exists an polycythemia about of cases hypoxia hypercapnia and a respiratory acidoses the spirometry showed in of cases a mixed syndrom with obstructive predominance the echocardiography showed in all cases RA heart dilatation with pulmonary hypertension the etiological AF are dominated by tobacco cases the hospital evolution has been favorable in cases underoxygentherapy lowdosediuretic expectorant bronchodilatators and salt restriction however patients have died | MEDAL |
recurrent PV obstruction pvo occurs in of infants undergoing correction of total anomalous PV connection tapvc limited published data suggest that pvo usually develops within months of primary repair and that outcomes of reoperations are poor this study aimed to review our experience of reoperations for pvo posttapvc repair and to identify risk AF for adverse outcome | MEDAL |
dietary intervention is recognized as a key component in prevention and management of type diabetes tdm and the debate persists which dietary strategy is most ERP in the dietary MI randomized controlled trial direct moderately obese participants were randomized for years to one of three diet CG lowfat mediterranean and LC differential effects were observed in the subgroup of patients with tdm at months participants randomized to the mediterranean diet which had the highest intake of dietary fibers and unsaturated to saturated fat ratio achieved greater significant improvements in fasting plasma gl and insulin levels patients who were randomized to the LC diet which had the minimal intake of carbohydrates achieved a significant reduction of hemoglobin ac although improvements were observed in all groups the lowfat diet was likely to be less beneficial in terms of glycemic control and lipid metabolism interpretation of results from different studies on dietary strategies may be complex since there is often no consistency in diet compositions calorie restriction intensity of intervention dietary assessment or extent of adherence in the trial nevertheless it seems that low fat restricted calorie diets are ERP for weight loss and are associated with some metabolic benefits however some recent trials have shown that low carbohydrate diets are as efficient in inducing weight loss and in some metabolic measures such as SS triglycerides and hdlcholesterol may be even superior to low fat diets when addressing the issue of diet SQ rather than quantity applying the glycemic index may have some added benefits furthermore special features of the mediterranean diet have appof different animal species cow or ovine with the presence of se genes none of the isolates showed resistance to vancomycin or methicillin | MEDAL |
in the title compound tbchcnchohoclo the tb atom is eightcoordinated by one n atom of an acetonitrile molecule three water o atoms and four ligand o atoms the tb atom is located on one side of the macrocycle and the carbonyl oxygen coordinated to the terbium tbo å is bent out of the xanthone plane by å the geometry around terbium is a distorted twocapped trigonal prism | MEDAL |
in and cloninger postulated the existence of the heritable behavioral trait of NS and its putative underpinnings in the dopaminergic systems of the ventral midbrain two widely reported studies found significant associations between novelty seeking and the type dopamine receptor gene drd although a more recent T0 did not the authors objective was to investigate this association in two new zealand samples | MEDAL |
a peculiar cystic and chondrolipomatous malformation affecting the right upper lobe of the lung as presented in a yearold girl with a history of recurrent pneumonia and PTX is reported the lesion combined bronchialtype cavities with intervening stroma containing AT with cartilage nodules of different sizes the findings do not fit with any alreadyknown malformations of the lung | MEDAL |
reverse transcriptaseassociated amino acid substitutions related to ddc dt and nevirapine resistance have been found in isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type hiv from patients treated with azt only CS analysis of isolates documented the presence of unexpected mutations at amino acid residues related to DR two isolates contained an aspartic residue in codon associated with ddc resistance and another a change in codon associated with resistance to dt the ytoc alteration in codon associated with nevirapine resistance was observed in another isolate after serial passage in cell culture in the absence of drug changes in substitution patterns were also noted T3 serial passage of four azt resistant isolates in cell culture without inhibitors one of the strains showed changes in codons and to wildtype residues clonal analysis showed that this alteration occurred by the selection during CC passage of the wildtype genotype which was present as a minority subpopulation in the initially resistant virus stock rather than to genetic reversion in summary we present evidence documenting the presence of mutations associated with drug resistance in the absence of drug treatment and supporting the role played by gentic variability in the emergence of hiv antiviral resistance | MEDAL |
we realized graphics processing unit gpu based realtime d dtime signal processing and visualization on a regular fourierdomain OCT fdoct system with a nonlinear kspace spectrometer an ultrahigh speed linear spline interpolation lsi method for lambdatok spectral resampling is implemented in the gpu architecture which gives average interpolation speeds of lines for pixel oct oct and lines for pixel oct oct the complete fdoct signal processing including lambdatok spectral resampling fast fourier transform fft and postfft processing have all been implemented on a gpu the maximum CR ascan processing speeds are investigated to be lines for oct and lines for oct which correspond to gbyte processing BW in our experiment a pixel cmos camera running up to khz is used as an acquisition device therefore the actual imaging speed is camera limited to lines for oct or lines for oct d data sets are continuously acquired in real time at oct mode immediately processed and visualized as high as volumessecond ascansvolume by either en face slice extraction or raycasting based volume rendering from d texture mapped in graphics SM for standard fdoct systems a gpu is the only additional hardware needed to realize this improvement and no optical modification is needed this technique is highly costeffective and can be easily integrated into most ultrahigh speed fdoct systems to overcome the d data processing and visualization bottlenecks | MEDAL |
abeta peptide deposits are observed in BB cortical and leptomeningeal MV in a few families in patients with alzheimers disease and in CN elderly subjects these deposits which cause abeta amyloid angiopathy are usually associated with other lesions induced by abeta peptide and tau pathologies to investigate the consequences of CAA on arterial morphology and search for correlations with the degree of cognitive impairment we carried out a prospective clinicopathological and morphometric T0 in institutionalized elderly patients CN or affected with sporadic PSD associated with alzheimertype lesions CBF infarcts or both we measured the external and internal diameters of arteries microm wide containing moderate or severe abeta deposits and of unaffected arteries in the temporal and FC lobes we found no differences in the mean external diameters in contrast the mean internal diameters of vessels with moderate abeta deposits were smaller than those of unaffected vessels conversely the internal diameters of severely affected vessels were larger than those of unaffected vessels this suggests that arterial walls become thicker during the early stages of amyloid angiopathy and the diameter of the lumen decreases whereas during advanced stages the walls become thinner and the lumen becomes larger in addition we assessed the overall severity of amyloid angiopathy this showed that thinner arterial walls and the severity of AA were correlated to PSD in a multivariate model that integrates the other macroscopic and microscopic lesions that may be implied in the mechanism of cognitive impairment the severity of AA per se explained of the variability in the cognitive impairment | MEDAL |
transrectal sonography documenting the anatomical features of bovine fetuses was performed between day and mo of gestation sector scanners which have a wider field of view into the depth of the uterus were used and it was found that most macroscopic organs were visible with bscan ultrasound the first organ detected around the end of the first month of pregnancy was the heart the orbit the stomach and the braincase were identified at day most bones of the skeleton and the scrotum appeared around month characteristic US images of the head neck vertebral column thorax stomach CL kidneys UB limbs scrotumrespectively teats as well as the umbilical cord amnion and allantois are described in this study | MEDAL |
chronic active epsteinbarr virus infection caebv associated with hemophagocytic syndrome hps and extranodal NK killer nktcell lymphoma enkl is a rare lifethreatening disorder this disease is easily misdiagnosed because of its varied presentations | MEDAL |
the purpose of this study was to compare program objectives of national league of nursingaccredited baccalaureate programs with the professional nursing behaviors that reflect the seven values identified by the american association of colleges of nursing aacn findings showed that most of the professional behaviors were found in program objectives however behaviors reflective of two essential values truth and esthetics were identified only in a minority of program objectives in addition research and lifelong learning were overwhelmingly identified in program objectives but they were not reflected in the professional nursing behaviors of the aacn document the professional nursing behaviors were also classified according to the thessively with time T3 addition of viruses to their host cells the viruses were most CS to photodynamic inactivation up to min from the initiation of adsorption cellassociated viruses min T3 the ON of adsorption are highly resistant to PDT by most photosensitizers with the exception of amphiphilic pc derivatives thus the mixed sulfonated pcnaphthalocyanine derivatives alnsbp and alnsbp demonstrated a remarkable decontamination activity even min T3 the onset of adsorption ultrastructural examination of these photosensitized viruses demonstrated damage to the viral envelope which prevented viral adsorption andor penetration the nonenveloped adenovirus was found to be resistant to all the dyes tested | MEDAL |
a weekold girl term born after a noncomplicated parturition presented with abnormal clavicles at physical examination small and short clavicles were seen as well as a widened anterior and posterior fontanelle an xray of the thorax showed hypoplastic clavicles and an xray of the skull showed delayed ossification of the bones hypoplasia of the maxilla and extra teeth this led to the diagnosis cleidocranial dysplasia | MEDAL |
the aromatization hypothesis asserts that testosterone t must be aromatized to estradiol e to activate copulatory SMB in the male rat in support of this hypothesis the aromatization inhibitor atd has been found to suppress male sexual behavior in ttreated rats in our experiment we first replicated this finding by peripherally injecting atd mgday or PG into ttreated two mm silastic capsules or control castrated male rats in a second experiment we bilaterally implanted either atdfilled or blank cannulae into the medial preoptic area mpoa of either ttreated or control castrated male rats with this more local CSD of atd a lesser decline in sexual SMB was found suggesting that other brain Az are involved in the neurohormonal activation of copulatory behavior in the male rat to determine whether in vivo atd interacts with androgen or ERs we conducted cell nuclear androgen and estrogen receptor IB assays of hypothalamus preoptic area amygdala and septum following treatment with the combinations of systemic t alone atd plus t atd CT and blank control in all four BB areas IB of t to ARs was significantly decreased in the presence of atd suggesting that atd may act both as an androgen receptor blocker and as an aromatization inhibitor competitive IB studies indicated that atd competes in vitro for cytosol ARs thus substantiating the in vivo antiandrogenic effects of atd cell nuclear estrogen receptor binding was not significantly increased by SE to t in the physiological range no agonistic properties of atd were observed either behaviorally or biochemically thus an alternative explanation for the GABA effects of atd on male sexual SMB is that atd prevents t from IB to androgen receptors | MEDAL |
the present T0 is aimed at further exploring structural and PET correlates of fatigue in RR multiple sclerosis rrms patients by using a combined RPA by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation tms and a DTI dti the physiopathology of fatigue in ms is still poorly understood although a variety of pathogenic mechanisms has been proposed our working hypothesis is that diffuse microstructural white matter damage may subtend the corticosubcortical functional disconnection described in patients with ms and fatigue we enrolled rrms patients mean age ± age range years with mild neurological impairment EDSS divided into two CG on the basis of their fatigue severity scale fss scoring cutoff ⥠all the patients underwent a neurological DUE a BB mri acquisition including dti T0 and a neurophysiological assessment by means of tms in a premovement facilitation paradigm our data showed a significant mean diffusivity md increase p in left thalamofrontal reconstructions in the ms patients with fatigue compared to those classified as nonfatigued moreover significant correlations were observed between fss scale and md as well as planar coefficient cp values extracted from frontalthalamic connections bilaterally instead the premovement facilitation showed a significant difference between the groups with particular regard to the reaction time mepms amplitude p our work confirms that fatigue is associated with a disruption of BB networks involved in motor preparation processes depending on several frontalthalamic pathways such findings can have an important role when dealing with fatigue management in ms patients and could be eventually used as prognostic marker of ms course | MEDAL |
the genes involved in menthol biosynthesis are reported earlier in mentha à piperita but the information on these genes is not available in mentha arvensis to bridge the gap in knowledge on differential biosynthesis of monoterpenes leading to compositional R2 in the essential oil of these species a comparative transcriptome analysis of the glandular trichome gt was carried out in addition to the mevalonic acid mva and methylerythritol phosphate mep pathway genes about and different terpene synthases tpss transcripts were identified from annotation in m arvensis and m à piperita respectively and correlated to several monoterpenes present in the essential oil six isoforms of menthol dehydrogenases md the last enzyme of the menthol biosynthetic pathway were identified cloned and characterized from the transcriptome data three from each species varied expression levels and differential enzyme kinetics of these isoforms indicated the nature and composition of the product as these isoforms generate both menthol and neomenthol from menthone and converts menthol to menthone in the reverse reaction and hence together determine the quantity of menthol in the essential oil in these two species several genes for high value minor monoterpenes could also be identified from the transcriptome data | MEDAL |
to elucidate the direction and magnitude of effects of nutrition on PD disease cad the relation between nutrient intake and angiographic changes were examined in the course of a controlled dietary trial ninety men with symptomatic cad and serum cholesterol greater than mgdl were entered into a randomized controlled trial of a lipidlowering diet or of diet plus cholestyramine compared with usual cardiac care of those in the first and second groups patients completed the trial and are the subject of this report quantitative coronary angiography was performed at baseline and at months from repeated dietary assessment during the trial mean nutrient intakes were computed and their relationships with change of coronary i.a. narrowing were analyzed progression of coronary disease was directly strongly and independently associated with NI of saturated fatty acids of chain length this was not fully explained by the effects of saturated fat in raising serum cholesterol T3 adjustment for LD lipoprotein cholesterol level stearic acid c intake remained independently predictive of progression no protective effect of linoleic linolenic or EPA was demonstrable intake of trans fatty acids was directly related to progression together with the favourable treatment effects on angiographic appearance and clinical endpoints these findings provide further support for a causal role of saturated fats in cad restriction of foods containing such fats should be emphasized as part of regimens aimed to reduce progression of coronary atherosclerosis | MEDAL |
we report the case of a yearold woman with a history of diabetes mellitus who underwent left breast lumpectomy and ipsilateral lymphadenectomy in because of an infiltrating ductal carcinoma chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy to the breast and nodal areas were performed in in a routine screening for diabetic retinopathy two choroidal elevated masses above and below the optic nerve associated to serous retinal detachment of her RA eye were noted the patient was asymptomatic carcinoma was positive for hormone receptor hormone treatment with letrozole was established complete regression of the choroidal metastasis was observed months later ophthalmologic screening in asymptomatic patients with breast CA has the advantage of being a noninvasive procedure and enables an early treatment in isolated cases however some studies are an argument against the usefulness of eye screening due to the low incidence of asymptomatic choroidal metastasis and the cost that involves performing it routinely in a C1 number of patients aromatase inhibitors are welltolerated drugs that may be a powerful tool in the management of metastatic breast CA that express hormone receptors | MEDAL |
matrixassisted LDI maldi is one of the most successful soft ionization methods in the field of mass spectrometry and enables the analysis of a broad range of molecules including lipids although the details of the ionization process are still unknown the importance of the matrix is commonly accepted both the development of and the search for useful matrices was and still is an empirical process since properties like vacuum stability high absorption at the laser wavelength etc have to be fulfilled by a compound to become a useful matrix this review provides a survey of successfully used maldi matrices for the lipid analyses of complex biological samples the advantages and drawbacks of the established organic matrix molecules cinnamic or benzoic acid derivatives liquid crystalline matrices and mixtures of common matrices will be discussed furthermore we will deal with nanocrystalline matrices which are most suitable to analyze small molecules such as free fatty acids it will be shown that the analysis of mixtures and the quantitative analysis of small moleculinflammatory diseases however the causal relationship remains unclear for the majority of these diseases in this review we discuss essential epidemiological data known pathogenetic AF including those of genetic and environmental nature while mainly focusing on the role of gut microbiota in the OD of selected intestinal and liver diseases using specific examples we also briefly describe some of the most widelyused animal models including GN models and their contribution to the research of pathogenetic mechanisms of the hostmicrobiota relationship | MEDAL |
previous studies have emphasized the superiority of sylvatic vector species over domestic species as xenodiagnostic agents in testing hosts with acute or chronic infections by t cruzi y stock the present study which is unique in that it contains data on both infectivity rates produced by the same stock in different vector species and also the reaction of the same vector species to seven different parasite stocks establishes the GA validity of linking efficiency of XD to the biotope of its agent for example infectivity rates produced by são felipe stock varied from to in sylvatic vectors but decreased to to in domestic species colombianastock produced in the same sylvatic vectors infectivity rates ranging from to these shrank to in domestic bugs the PET role of the biotope in the vectorparasite interaction has not been elucidated but since this phenomenon has been observed to be stable and easy to reproduce it leads us to believe that the results obtained are valid data presented also provide increasing evidence that the infectivity rates exhibited by bugs from xenodiagnosis in chronic hosts are parasite stock TPS for example infectivity rates produced by berenice y fl and cl varied in r neglectus from to in p megistus from to in t sordida from to in t pseudomaculata from to and in t rubrovaria from to data from xenodiagnosis in the same hosts carrying acute infections by the same parasite stocks gave the five sylvatic vectors a positive rating of approximately thus suggesting that the heavy loads of parasites circulating in the acute hosts obscured the characteristic interspecific differences for the parasite stock nonetheless these latter were revealed in the same hosts with chronic infections stimulated by very low numbers of the same parasite stocks certain observations here described lead us to speculate as to the possibility of further results from other parasite stocks allowing the association of the infectivity rates produced in bugs by different parasite stocks with the isoenzymic patterns revealed by these stocks | MEDAL |
calmodulindependent cyclic CNP was purified from bovine BB to apparent homogeneity by a new procedure involving deaecellulose affigel blue calmodulinsepharose b and sephadex g column chromatographies the enzyme was purified more than fold from the BB extracts with greater than yield the purified phosphodiesterase could be G1 to fold by calmodulin and ca to a TPS CEA of more than mumol of camp hydrolyzedminmg of protein molecular weight of the enzyme was determined to be by the sedimentation equilibirum method or from the sedimentation constant and stokes radius of the protein sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylamide gel PACE of the enzyme showed a single protein band with an apparent molecular weight of these results suggested that the calmodulindependent phosphodiesterase from bovine BB has a subunit structure of alpha molecular weight of the complex of calmodulin and phosphodiesterase was the complex of calmodulin and phosphodiesterase was also calculated from the sedimentation constant and Rs to be since calmodulin has a molecular weight of about the result indicated that the stoichiometry of the complex is calmodulin alpha the catalytic subunit of cylic ampdependent protein kinase was found to catalyze the phosphorylation of the purified phosphodiesterase with the incorporation of mol of phosphatemol of the enzyme | MEDAL |
fibroain had fallen following the visual hallucination of a BL spot at the age of eight years he was admitted to our hospital for DUE and therapy investigations included neurological examination iq ct findings were normal visual CEP revealed more reduced amplitude in the left side than in the RA the eeg findings during the waking state showed continuous bilateral cs spike and wave complex discharges in occipital and posterior temporal Az these discharges were immediately suppressed by eyesopening in an illuminated room but not in a dark room however during the CS sleep stage diffuse irregular spike and wave discharges appeared frequently with left side dominance from the clinicoelectrophysiological findings we diagnosed him as ceop in order to investigate the changes of the occipital spike and wave discharges by photic stimulation we administered intermittent photic stimulation ips for seconds at each frequency between flashessec fs in a dark roomabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the ideal catheterbased intervention for treatment of coronary lesions at bifurcation site still has to be defined the aim of the T0 was to assess the acute and longterm outcome T3 treatment of bifurcation lesions with directional atherectomy dca and stenting in comparison with stenting alone thirtyone consecutive patients treated for bifurcation coronary lesions lesions with dca and stenting in at least one branch dca group were compared with a matched group of patients with bifurcation coronary lesions lesions treated with stenting CT in at least one CB nondca group procedural success was in the dca group compared with in the nondca group p inhospital major adverse cardiac events mace occurred only in the dca group vs p mainly nonqwave myocardial infarction T3 the procedure MLD mld and acute gain were significantly greater p and p respectively and diameter stenosis was significantly lower p in the main CB in the dca group at followup angiogram mld in the main branch was still significantly greater in the dca group compared to the nondca group vs respectively p with no significant difference in late loss and loss index between the two groups restenosis rate was in the dca group vs in the nondca group p the incidence of followup mace was in the dca group compared with in the nondca group mainly due to target lesion revascularization in conclusion treatment of bifurcation coronary lesions with dca and stenting was associated with greater acute gain T3 the procedure and greater mld at followup in the main branch compared with stenting CT procedural myocardial infarction was more frequent in the dca group restenosis rates and followup mace were lower following dca and stenting without reaching any statistical significance | MEDAL |
metabolic and endocrine adaptations to support milk production during the transition period vary between individual cows this variation between cows to adapt to lactation may have a genetic basis the present field T0 was carried out to determine hepatic adaptations occurring from late pregnancy through early lactation by measuring mrna abundance of candidate genes in dairy cows onfarm additionally the objective was to observe the diversity in interindividual variation for the candidate genes that may give indications where individual adaptations at a molecular level can be found this study was carried out onfarm including dairy cows parity from farms in switzerland blood and liver samples were collected on d ± before parturition on d ± and on d ± after parturition blood plasma was assayed for concentrations of gl nonesterified fatty acids βhydroxybutyrate cholesterol triglycerides urea albumin protein insulin insulinlike growth factor OB triiodothyronine and thyroxine CL samples were obtained at the same time points and were measured for mrna abundance of candidate genes encoding enzymes and nuclear receptors involved in gluconeogenesis fatty acid βoxidation HFA and triglyceride synthesis ketogenesis citric acid cycle cholesterol synthesis and the urea cycle the cows in the present study experienced a marked metabolic load in early lactation as presented by changes in plasma metabolites and hormones and responded accordingly with upregulation and downregulation of almost all candidate genes involved in metabolic processes in the liver the observed interindividual variation for the candidate genes which was highest for acetylcoacarboxylase and glycerolphosphate dehydrogenase should be further investigated to unravel the regulation at molecular level for optimal adaptive performance in dairy cows | MEDAL |
hepaticojejunostomy is an important part of many surgical procedures including pancreaticoduodenectomy biliary leakage from hepaticojejunostomy may be associated with IAA formation biliary peritonitis and even mortality a yearold female patient was admitted to our hospital with obstructive jaundice after initial evaluation she was diagnosed with distal common bile duct obstruction without accurate diagnosis before planned pancreaticoduodenectomy PBD with a ttube was performed due to the presence of cholangitis T3 the first T0 pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed postinflammatory changes around the hilar region made the hepaticojejunostomy risky a biliodigestive anastomosis was performed using a new technique a NG tube was placed into the CBD PT to the anastomosis the postoperative course of the patient was uneventful the use of a NG tube as a stent in risky hepaticojejunostomies is a simple technique that can be beneficial | MEDAL |
we report on a year old male with simultaneous BL adrenal metastases from renal adenocarcinoma the patient was submitted to RN including the ipsilateral adrenal and CL adrenalectomy and received coadjuvant steroid replacement therapy the patient died months postoperatively similar cases previously reported in the literature are reviewed | MEDAL |
the T0 was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary leucine on antioxidant activity and expression of antioxidant and mitochondrialrelated genes in longissimus dorsi muscle and CL of piglets three diets were formulated with different C2 of supplemented leucine results showed that supplementation of leucine significantly increased antisuperoxide anion asa and antihydroxyl radical ahr C2 and MICs of total superoxide dismutade tsod glutathione peroxidase gpx glutathione stransferase gst and total antioxidant capacity taoc in SS longissimus dorsi muscle and CL of piglets as compared with the control group the sod catalase cat gpx gst glutathione reductase gr and nuclear factor erythroid related factor nrf mrna C2 in longissimus dorsi muscle and liver were significantly increased by leucine supplementation however the malondialdehyde mda content and the mrna level of kelchlike e can be used to assess the smectite content in clays we propose in this study to use a simple RPA to determine water distribution in clays mainly between pores and interlayers by means of thermoporometry and TG analysis provided the interlayer water does not freeze at low temperature upon thermoporometry experiments the difference between water quantities determined by the two techniques is assigned to interlayer water singlephase MM clays and complex natural clay rocks and their composites in watersaturated state are characterized by this RPA the open question is the application of available thermoporometry models developed for simple pore geometry to characterize the complex pore network of clays depending on the approach used different pore sizes were obtained highlighting the limit of a simplified model to describe the complex porous network the results are more coherent when quantifying the amount of interlayer water further used for smectite content estimation good agreement was obtained between smectite fraction contents deduced from the results of thermal analysis and those measured by conventional mineralogical techniques | MEDAL |
a new seir model with distributed infinite delay is derived when the infectivity depends on the age of infection the basic reproduction number r which is a threshold quantity for the stability of equilibria is calculated if r then the diseasefree equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable and this is the only equilibrium on the contrary if r then an endemic equilibrium appears which is locally asymptotically SD applying a permanence theorem for infinite dimensional systems we obtain that the disease is always present when r | MEDAL |
the relationship dimension of the FES which consists of the cohesion expressiveness and conflict subscales measures a persons perception of the SQ of his or her family relationship functioning this T0 investigates an adaptation of the relationship dimension of the family environment scale for alaska native youth the authors tested the adapted measure the brief family relationship scale for psychometric properties and internal structure with to yearold predominately yupik eskimo alaska native adolescents from rural remote communities this nonwestern cultural group is hypothesized to display higher levels of collectivism traditionally organized around an extended kinship family structure results demonstrate a subset of the adapted items function satisfactorily a threeresponse alternative format provided meaningful information and the subscales underlying structure is best described through three distinct firstorder AF organized under one higher order factor convergent and discriminant validity of the brief family relationship scale was assessed through correlational analysis | MEDAL |
we tested the hypothesis that crowding effects are responsible for the reading slowness characteristic of developmental dyslexia a total of twentynine italian dyslexics and thirtythree agematched controls participated in various parts of the T0 in experiment we measured contrast thresholds for identifying letters and words as a CF of stimulus duration thresholds were higher in dyslexics than controls for words at a limited time exposure but not for single letters adding noise to the stimuli produced comparable effects in dyslexics and controls at the long time SE thresholds were comparable in the two groups in experiment we measured the spacing between a target letter and two flankers at a fixed level of performance as a function of eccentricity and size with eccentricity the critical spacing cs scaled in the control group with proportionality a value of b close to boumas law and with a greater proportionality in the dyslexic group cs was independent of size in both groups in experiment we examined the critical print size cps that is the increase in reading rate up to a critical character size s t chung j s mansfield g e legge cps of dyslexic children was greater than that of controls individual maximal reading speed was predicted by individual bs from experiment the maximal reading rate achieved by dyslexics at cps and also for larger print sizes was below the values observed in controls we conclude that word analysis in dyslexics is slowed because of greater crowding effects which limit letter ID in multiletter arrays across the visual field we propose that the peripheral reading of normal readers might constitute a model for dyslexic reading the periphery MM accounts for of dyslexics slowness after compensating for crowding the dyslexics reading rate remains slower than that of proficient readers this failure is discussed in terms of a developmental learning effect | MEDAL |
weaning covers the entire process of liberating the patient from mechanical support and from the endotracheal tube many controversial questions remain concerning the best methods for conducting this process an international consensus conference was held in april to provide recommendations regarding the management of this process an member international jury answered five predefined questions what is known about the epidemiology of weaning problems what is the pathophysiology of weaning failure what is the usual process of initial weaning from the ventilator is there a role for different ventilator modes in more difficult weaning how should patients with prolonged weaning failure be managed the main recommendations were as follows patients should be categorised into three CG based on the difficulty and duration of the weaning process weaning should be considered as early as possible a spontaneous breathing trial is the L1 diagnostic test to determine whether patients can be successfully extubated the initial trial should last min and consist of either ttube PLB or low levels of pressure support pressure support or ACV modes should be favoured in patients failing an initial trialtrials noninvasive ventilation techniques should be considered in selected patients to shorten the duration of intubation but should not be routinely used as a tool for extubation failure | MEDAL |
the observations that smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd are at increased risk of depression and that NIC may have antidepressant effects and regulate mood provide a rationale for the use of antidepressant drugs for smoking cessation in patients with copd no clinical trial has studied the efficacy of bupropion hydrochloride and nortriptyline hydrochloride for smoking cessation in this patient population to our knowledge | MEDAL |
rogers lambon ralph hodges and patterson studied twoalternative forcedchoice visual lexical decision performance in patients with semantic PSD with item pairs where the target word was more typical ie higher in bigram and trigram frequency than the foil all foils were pseudohomophones lexical decision performance was good and was unaffected by word frequency with item pairs where the target word was less typical ie lower in bigram and trigram frequency than the foil lexical decision performance was worse and was affected by word frequency being particularly inaccurate when the word targets were low in frequency we show using as materials all the monosyllabic items used by rogers and colleagues that the same DP of results occurs in the lexical decision performance of the drc dualroute cascaded computational model of reading when the model is lesioned by probabilistic deletion of lowfrequency words from its orthographic lexicon we consider that the pdp parallel distributed processing computational MM of reading used by woollams plaut lambon ralph and patterson to simulate reading in SD is not capable of simulating this lexical decision result we take this in conjunction with previous work on computational modelling of reading aloud in surface dyslexia phonological dyslexia and SD using the drc and pdp reading models to indicate that the drc model does a better job than the pdp model in accounting for what is known about the various forms of acquired dyslexia | MEDAL |
alternative approaches have been promoted to reduce the number of vertebrate and invertebrate animals required for the assessment of the potential of compounds to cause harm to the aquatic environment a key philosophy in the development of alternatives is a greater understanding of the relevant adverse outcome pathway aop one alternative method is the fish embryo toxicity fet assay although the trends in potency have been shown to be equivalent in embryo and AD assays a detailed mechanistic analysis of the toxicity data has yet to be performed such analysis is vital for a full understanding of the aop the research presented herein used an updated implementation of the verhaar scheme to categorize EDC into aopinformed categories these were then used in mechanistic quantitative structureactivity relationship qsar analysis to show that the descriptors governing the distinct mechanisms of acute fish toxicity are capable of modeling data from the fet CA the results show that EDC do appear to exhibit the same mechanisms of toxicity across life stages thus this mechanistic analysis supports the argument that the fet assay is a suitable alternative testing strategy for the specified mechanisms and that understanding the aops is useful for toxicity prediction across test systems | MEDAL |
we describe a child with congenital aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp and an occult giant PF arteriovenous fistula previous case reports of CNS system malformations associated with ACC are reviewed the exact incidence of such malformations is unknown all patients with aplasia cutis congenita should undergo a neurologic DUE and their families should be examined for similar lesions early central NS imaging and other workup may be required especially if plastic surgery in the head region is being planned | MEDAL |
to investigate the risk factors of CA pneumonia cap in patients with primary sjogrens syndrome pss | MEDAL |
a mutant of the human muscarinic acetylcholine receptor m AT1 m receptor lacking a large part of the i3 loop was expressed and purified using the baculovirusinsect cell SC system the mutant was not phosphorylated by betaadrenergicreceptor kinase as expected from the previous assignment of phosphorylation sites to the CE part of the third intracellular loop however the m receptor mutant was capable of stimulating betaadrenergicreceptorkinasemediated phosphorylation of a glutathione stransferase FP containing the m phosphorylation sites in an agonistdependent manner both mutant and wildtype m receptors reconstituted with the guaninenucleotidebinding regulatory proteins g protein go and gi displayed guaninenucleotidesensitive highaffinity agonist binding as assessed by displacement of hquinuclidinylbenzilate binding with carbamoylcholine and both stimulated guanosine osthiotriphosphate sgtps binding in the presence of carbamoylcholine and gdp the ki values of carbamoylcholine effects on hquinuclidinylbenzilate binding were indistinguishable for the mutant and wildtype m receptors moreover the phosphorylation of the wildtype m receptor by betaadrenergicreceptor kinase did not affect m interaction with g proteins as assessed by the IB of hquinuclidinyl benzilate or sgtps these results indicate that a the m receptor serves both as an activator and as a substrate of betaadrenergicreceptor kinase and b a C1 part of the i3 loop of the m receptor does not contribute to interaction with g proteins and its phosphorylation by betaadrenergicreceptor kinase does not uncouple the receptor and g proteins in reconstituted lipid LDV | MEDAL |
a yearold female with a widespread double mycotic infection caused by c albicans and t rubrum was discovered to be suffering from MF clinically she was found to have large polycyclic erythematous plaques with scaly slightly infiltrated borders covering almost all areas of the glabrous skin and also involving the scalp with no hair penetration the soles and palms toewebs finger and toe nails there was also perleche and oral thrush cultures yielded c albicans from most of the skin lesions from the scalp mouth finger nails and urine and stool specimens and t rubrum from intermingled skin specimens from the palms and soles and toenails blood culture was negative as were intracutaneous tests with fungal antigens and tuberculin histological examination confirmed the fungal invasion of the horny layer and at the same time revealed an underlying pathologic picture of mycosis fungoides the lesions having been masked by the mycotic eruption intensive cytostatic and antifungal therapy led to a transient improvement but shortly thereafter there was a relapse of the fungal and lymphoproliferative manifestations and the patient died in SS | MEDAL |
the gelsolinactin complex was adpribosylated by clostridium botulinum c toxin and clostridium perfringens iota toxin in lysates of human platelets and human neutrophils when porthophosphatelabelled human neutrophils were treated with c botulinum c toxin padpribosylated gelsolinactin was precipitated with antigelsolin antibody stimulation of neutrophils by formylmethionineleucinephenylalanine decreased the interaction of gelsolin with adpribosylated actin in toxintreated cells the data indicate that the gelsolinactin complex is a pathophysiological substrate for actinadpribosylating toxins | MEDAL |
the cause of pathological gambling pg is unknown the current T0 was conducted to determine whether pg is familial and to examine patterns of familial aggregation of psychiatric disorder to that end case probands with dsmiv pg and control probands were recruited and interviewed regarding their first degree relatives fdrs available and willing fdrs were directly interviewed with structured instruments of known reliability and best estimate final diagnoses were blindly assigned for case and control relatives over age years the results were analyzed using logistic regression by the method of generalized estimating equations the lifetime rates of pg and any gambling disorder were significantly greater among the relatives of case probands and respectively than among the control relatives and respectively or for any gambling disorder pg relatives also had significantly higher lifetime rates of alcohol disorders any substance use disorder ASP disorder aspd and any mental disorder any gambling disorder alcohol disorder and any substance use disorder remained significant T3 a conservative bonferroni correction interestingly pg families were significantly larger than control families we conclude that gambling disorders are familial and coaggregate with substance misuse the data are also suggestive that pg coaggregates with aspd further research on the heritability of pg is warranted | MEDAL |
common contrastenhancing malignant PT of the brain are glioblastoma multiforme gbms anaplastic astrocytomas aas metastases and lymphomas all of which have sometimes similar conventional mri findings our aim was to evaluate the role of perfusion mr imaging pwi and diffusionweighted imaging dwi in the differentiation of these contrastenhancing malignant CBF PT | MEDAL |
metabolic pathways of estrogens are the formation of catechol estrogens ce and hydroxyestrogens redox cycling of ce and free radical generation mediated through cytochrome p p oxidasereductase activity in previous investigations subchronic administration of Es showed prooxidative and antioxidative activities in rat CL microsomes barth et al to find out whether or not catechol metabolites are responsible for prooxidative activity we checked and hydroxyestradiol ohe and ohe and the noncatechol metabolite alphahydroxyestradiol alphaohe for formation of reactive oxygen species in liver microsomes of dayold male wistar rats after days treatment mgkg b wt orally QD the results were compared with those T3 treatment of the rats with estradiol e estradiol valerate ev and ethinylestradiol ee in liver homogenates glutathione and lipid peroxides were determined in microsomes nadphfestimulated lipid peroxidation lpo ho generation and lucigenin luc and luminol lum amplified CL cl were investigated in liver x g S9 monooxygenase MICs were measured the two CE did not show any antioxidative activity whereas alphaohe significantly diminished lipid peroxides in the liver as well as lpo and lumcl in liver microsomes among Es only ee showed antioxidative activity both ce inhibited ethoxycoumarin odeethylation peroxidative activity as enhanced luccl was found after ohe mgkg bwt and e but times higher doses of both ce did not NC luccl microsomal ho generation was enhanced by e ev and both ce not by alphaohe the lower level of ho enhancement caused by ce in comparison to e and ev together with unchanged luccl T3 high ce doses did not unequivocally prove the ce to be mainly responsible for the prooxidative activities of e and ev in CL microsomes at least in dayold male rats unchanged gsh in the CL T3 ce administration supports this hypothesis | MEDAL |
external beam radiotherapy ebrt for carcinoma of uterine cervix is a basic L1 of treatment with three dimensional conformal radiotherapy dcrt in C1 number of patients there is need for an established method for verification dosimetry we tried to document absorbed doses in a group of carcinoma cervix patients by inserting a cc farmer type ion chamber in the vaginal cavity a special long perspex sleeve cap is designed to cover the chamber for using in the patients body response of ionization chamber is checked earlier in water phantom with and without cap treatment planning was carried out with xray computed tomography ct scan and with the chamber along with cap in inserted position and with the images xio RTP system three measurements on days at fraction intervals were recorded in patients electrometer measured charges are converted to absorbed dose at the chamber center in vivo our results show good agreement with planned dose within against prescribed dose this T0 is a refinement over our previous studies with transmission dosimetry and chemicals in ampules this preliminary work shows promise that this can be followed as a routine dose check with special relevance to new protocols in the treatment of carcinoma cervix with ebrt | MEDAL |
we have analyzed the role of individual hemeligating histidine residues for assembly of holocytochrome b and we show that the two hemes bl and bh bind in two subsequent steps to the apoprotein binding of the lowpotential heme bl is a prerequisite for binding the highpotential heme bh T3 substitution of his which serves as an axial ligand for heme bl the apoprotein did not bind heme while substitution of the heme blligating residue his still allowed binding of both hemes similarly after replacement of his one axial ligand to heme bh IB of only heme bl was observed whereas replacement of his the other heme bh ligand resulted in binding of both hemes these data indicate sequential heme IB during formation of the holocytochrome and the two histidine residues which serve as axial ligands to the same heme molecule heme bl or heme bh have different importance during heme binding and cytochrome assembly furthermore determination of the heme midpoint potentials of the various cytochrome b SCV indicates a cooperative adjustment of the heme Em in cytochrome b | MEDAL |
although moderate to severe DD dd seems to be associated with poor prognosis after isolated coronary bypass surgery the impact of mild dd has not been investigated extensively in this group of patients | MEDAL |
to investigate in a population sample of portuguese young adults the association of the fto variant rs with obesity bmi and bodyfat and interaction with physical activity pa on obesitysusceptibility | MEDAL |
antibodies to citrullinated proteins acpa occur years before ra diagnosis porphyromonas gingivalis expresses its own peptidylarginine deiminase ppad and is a proposed aetiological factor for the acpa response smoking is a risk factor for both acpapositive ra and periodontitis we aimed to T0 the relation of these factors to the risk of ra in a prospective cohort | MEDAL |
two extragenic suppressor mutations surb and surf which restore the sporulation of spob or spof mutants of bacillus subtilis to the wildtype level were obtained these suppressor mutations were located in the spoa gene their location is close to that of the sof mutation which suppresses spob spoe and spof mutations however spo strains bearing the surb mutation differed in several phenotypic characteristics from spo mutants bearing the sof suppressor nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the surb and surf mutations resulted in glu to val and asn to lys conversion respectively in the spoa gene this result indicates that surb is a new suppressor of spob and spof mutations whereas surf is MZ to sof | MEDAL |
the interaction of benzoic acid and benzoate with model membrane systems was characterized to understand the molecular interactions of the two forms of a simple aromatic acid with the components of the membrane the microemulsion system based on bisethylhexylsulfosuccinate aot allowed determination of the molecular positioning using d nmr and d nmr spectroscopic methods BA and benzoate were both found to penetrate the membranewater interfaces however the BA was able to penetrate much deeper and thus is more readily able to traverse a membrane the langmuir ML model system using dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine was used as a generic membrane lipid for a cell compression isotherms of monolayers demonstrated a ph dependent interaction with a lipid ML and confirming the ph dependent observations shown in the reverse micellar model system these studies provide an explanation for the antimicrobial activity of benzoic acid while benzoate is inactive furthermore these studies form the framework upon which we are investigating the mode of bacterial uptake of pyrazinoic acid the active form of pyrazinamide a front L1 drug used to combat tuberculosis | MEDAL |
the mer deoxyoligonucleotide dtdc dapsc with an uncommon pphosphodiester linkage was designed to enable the formation of a hairpin structure with unusual parallelstranded stem as REF hairpin structure with an antiparallelstranded stem the mer dtdcdaapsc was chosen the behaviour of these oligonucleotides at different temperatures dna and salt concentrations was characterised by a combination of uv melting cd cd melting infrared and raman spectroscopy infrared melting and analytical ultracentrifugation the ps hairpin structure was found to be formed by psc only under conditions of low dna concentration and LS concentration increase of the nacl concentration beyond the physiological level or high dna concentration supports the formation of intermolecular multistranded structures the experimental data are in PA with a fourstranded complex formed by two molecules of psc the base pairing MM of this asymmetric fourstranded complex is based on the pyrimidine motif of a triple helix with two bifurcated hydrogen bonds at the o of the thymine each directed towards one of the amino protons of both adenines in contrast the REF oligonucleotide apsc forms only an antiparallelstranded hairpin under all experimental conditions | MEDAL |
varroa destructor is a major pest in world beekeeping it was first detected in madagascar in on the endemic honeybee apis mellifera unicolor to evaluate v destructor spread dynamics in madagascar a global survey was conducted in a total of colonies from districts were inspected for the presence of mites years T3 its introduction nine districts were found infested varroa destructor spread was relatively slow compared to other countries with a maximum progression of km per year the five newly infested districts being located next to the first infested ones the incidence of mite infestation was also investigated by monitoring colonies from five apiaries during year sixty percent of local colony mortality was recorded T3 year of survey varroa destructor strain determination was done by partial sequencing of the cytochrome oxidase i gene of phoretic mites sampled in five districts a single v destructor mitochondrial haplotype was detected the korean type also present in the closest african countries a global pathogen survey was also conducted on the colonies inspected for mite presence the greater wax moth galleria mellonella has been found in all colonies all over the country two other pathogens and morphological abnormalities in workers such as deformed wings were found associated with only v destructor presence a prevention management plan must be implemented to delimit mite spread across the island | MEDAL |
from the IFT gamma measurement we have analyzed the interfacial organization that occurs between pure ho and pure co from a kinetical and rheological point of view this article is the followup to a previous one where we showed that this equilibrated interface is composed of small hoco cluster blocks tewes f boury f j phys chem b by analyzing the R2 of gamma with the square root of time we found that the organization of the hoco interface is in the initial times controlled by the DWI of the co molecules into eria despite fusing with lysosomes fcvs are multimembranous structures that accumulate monodansylcadaverine and display the autophagyspecific protein lc on their membrane formation of fcvs was significantly inhibited by methyladenine confirming a role for the autophagic pathway in the biogenesis of these organelles taken together our results demonstrate that via autophagy f tularensis reenters the endocytic pathway after cytoplasmic replication a process thus far undescribed for intracellular pathogens | MEDAL |
zenkers diverticulum zd is an outpouching of tissue through the killian triangle that is believed to be caused by dysfunction of the cricopharyngeal muscle zd is a relatively uncommon disorder occurring in the elderly the predominant symptom of zd is dysphagia and the most serious consequence is pulmonary aspiration videofluoroscopy confirms the diagnosis therapy of symptomatic zd has evolved from an open surgical RPA to less invasive transoral endoscopic techniques transoral endoscopic therapy using rigid instruments is performed primarily by otorhinolaryngologists whereas transoral therapy using flexible endoscopes is performed by surgical endoscopists and gastroenterologists the common goal of all modalities is severing of the septum between the esophageal lumen and the diverticulum containing the CP muscle although flexible endoscopic therapy was described nearly years ago it has experienced a recent resurgence paralleling the advancements of therapeutic endoscopy in other Az such as endoscopic SM dissection direct HH comparisons of rigid and flexible endoscopic therapy are lacking and each approach has variations in techniques as well as advantages and disadvantages in this article we review the pathophysiology and management of patients with zd with an emphasis on flexible endoscopic therapy | MEDAL |
striking sex difference was detected in the expression of estrogen receptor er beta mrna and protein by nonisotopic in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in the AVCN PV nucleus avpv of the rat POA area in females more than in males a significantly larger number of erbeta mrnapositive cells were visualized in the medialmost portion of the avpv within microm from the ependymal lining of the third ventricle rats of and days of age d day of birth showed the sex difference orchidectomy of male neonates or estrogen treatment of female pups reversed the BB phenotype when examined on d in the avpv of AD females eralpha immunoreactivity colocalized in of erbeta mrnapositive cells tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity colocalized in of erbeta immunoreactive cells in d females infusion of an erbeta AO into the third ventricle in the vicinity of the avpv resulted in significantly longer days of successive estrus and a reduction in the number of erbetaimmunoreactive cells in the avpv these findings provide support for the hypothesis that activation of erbeta in the avpv is an important regulatory event in the femaletypical induction of luteinizing hormone surge by estrogen | MEDAL |
the search for cellular correlates of learning is a L1 challenge in neurobiology the HPC formation is important for learning spatial relations a possible longlasting consequence of such spatial learning is alteration of the size shape or number of excitatory synapses the dendritic spine density is a good index for the number of hippocampal excitatory synapses by using laserscanning confocal microscopy we observed a significantly increased spine density in ca basal dendrites of spatially TR rats when compared to nontrained controls with unchanged dendritic length the higher spine density reflects an increased number of excitatory synapses per neuron associated with spatial learning | MEDAL |
a sensitive highperformance LC method that does not require organic extraction has been developed for the determination of propranolol C2 in canine and feline plasma equal volumes of plasma and a mixture of methanolacetonitrile m sodium XTT vvv were added to a microseparation unit with a molecular mass cutoff filter the ultrafiltrate was analyzed by RP liquid chromatography with fluorimetric PCD the consistency of the recoveries obtained eliminated the need for an internal standard coefficients of R2 less than linear regressions for the standard curves ngml gave correlation coefficients above the PCD limit was ngml the assay retains high sensitivity while eliminating laborious sample preparation | MEDAL |
understanding proteindna interactions in vivo at origins of dna replication throughout the Tc may shed further insight on the mechanisms of initiation and replication control the burkitts lymphoma cell line raji harbors multiple copies of latent epsteinbarr virus once per Tc the origin of plasmid replication of epsteinbarr virus provides replication CF in cis for the viral dna here we examined in vivo nucleoprotein complexes on the initiator element of the origin before and T3 dna synthesis for this purpose raji cells were synchronously growth arrested in g phase by mimosine and in mitosis by colchicine respectively the association of the Inr with proteins was visualized by footprinting with dimethyl sulfate and ligation mediated PCR reaction methylation patterns indicated a novel binding activity within each PE of a nonamer repeated three times at the initiator element this activity was strongly diminished in mitotic cells furthermore ends of epsteinbarr virus dna were mapped to the nonamers by ligation mediated PCR reaction suggesting potential initiation sites for replication from ds | MEDAL |
during phagocytosis of opsonized lipopolysaccharidecoated paraffin oil droplets rb alveolar macrophages reduced nitroblue tetrazolium which effect was in part inhibitable with the use of superoxide dismutase SE of cytochalasinbtreated rabbit AM macrophages to opsonized zymosan led to the generation of superoxide as quantitated by ferricytochrome c reduction it was found that nitroblue tetrazolium in the presence of ferricytochrome c could in turn serve as scavenger of superoxide during stimulation of cytochalasinbtreated rabbit AM macrophages following challenge with either opsonized zymosan or the membrane perturbant digitonin rabbit alveolar macrophages released hydrogen peroxide into the extracellular medium employment of the surface membrane stimulant phorbol myristrate acetate led to activation of the hexose monophosphate shunt which activity could be further enhanced in the presence of superoxide dismutase or attenuated in the presence of catalase these studies demonstrate that rabbit AM macrophages release superoxide and hydrogen peroxide during surface membrane perturbation in turn hydrogen peroxide generation can stimulate the hexose monophosphate shunt | MEDAL |
we present a new tool of measurement and visualization of the indoor ambient parameters air temperature air speed and mean radiant temperature by infrared thermography the theoretical fundamentals are discussed they include a design stage the mathematical modeling the measurement procedure and the performance DUE through error analysis the measuring system consists of a set of auxiliary devices targets arranged on a measurement grid an infrared camera measures their temperature histories from each temperature chronology the three ambient parameters are locally deduced together by solving an inverse heat transfer problem the results are then mapped to provide a d or d visualization the question of identifiability is addressed leading to a robust parameter estimation algorithm the robustness of the algorithm is tested for a wide range of noisy data during a numerical experiment the numerical data are built by varying the air speed from ms to ms with a step of ms the air temperature from °c to °c with a step of °c and the mean radiant temperature from °c to °c with a step of °c it appears that stability and repeatability are guaranteed by the presented method for the range of ambient parameters and accuracy usually found and needed in indoor conditions brief illustrative exp results are given as an initial validation of the method since the spatial distributions of these ambient parameters are obtained qualitatively and quantitatively the method is suitable for indoor microclimate mapping visualization of air patterns building inspection thermal comfort assessment etc | MEDAL |
electrochemotherapy of colorectal LM has been proven to be feasible safe and ERP in a phase iii T0 in that T0 a specific group of patients underwent twostage operation and the detailed histopathological evaluation of the resected PT is presented here regressive changes in electrochemotherapytreated CL metastases were evaluated after the second T0 in weeks in patients and metastases when the treated metastases were resected macroscopic and microscopic changes were analyzed electrochemotherapy induced coagulation CN in the treated area encompassing both RT and a narrow band of normal tissue the area became necrotic encapsulated in a fibrous env while preserving the functionality of most of the vessels larger than mm in diameter and a large proportion of biliary structures but the smaller blood vessels displayed various C2 of damage at the time of observation weeks after electrochemotherapy regenerative changes were already seen in the IP parts of the treated area this study demonstrates regressive changes in the whole electrochemotherapytreated area of the CL further evidence of disruption of vessels less than mm in diameter and preservation of the larger vessels by electrochemotherapy is provided these findings are important because electrochemotherapy has been indicated for the therapy of metastases near L1 blood vessels in the CL to provide a safe RPA with good antitumor tau | MEDAL |
the effects of LT mean months pharmacotherapy of hypertensive and normotensive hypertrophy hypertensive HR disease HCM nonobstructive cardiomyopathy as well as of advanced cardiac disease due to PD disease and dilatative cardiomyopathy by C1 doses of nifedipine mean mgday were analyzed with regard to systolic blood pressure to left ventricular function and to the hypertrophy degree of the IVT nifedipine in addition to conventional and maintained antihypertensive and cardiac therapy lowers blood pressure in HT whereas hypotensive effects in the normotensive patients were absent nifedipine enhances left VF in all patient groups significantly ie in normotensive HNCM in HHD and especially in heart disease due to coronary i.a. disease and dilatative cardiomyopathy significant regression of septal and of global hypertrophy was found in hypertrophic nonobstructive cardiomyopathy and in hypertensive HR disease these results indicate that longterm nifedipine treatment may be beneficial for left VF in all patient CG and for hypertrophy regression in established left VVI hypertrophy due to HNCM and due to hypertensive left VVI hypertrophy it is concluded that longterm nifedipine treatment improves left VVI function and leads to regression of established ventricular wall hypertrophy in HCM nonobstructive cardiomyopathy and in HHD | MEDAL |
whether pgd is already legally permitted in germany today is a moot point a guidelines draft of the germanys federal GA medical council the bundesärztekammer on preimplantation genetic diagnostics thatlike the earlier findings of the ethics commission of the german federal state of the rhinelandpalatinateassumed that the method is admissible if certain clearlydefined indications are present and a rigorous testing procedure has been established has given the discussion a new impetus the discussion is in full swing with calls by politicians for the legislator to pass a regulation mounting of late though constitutional objections have been raised against a positivelaw regulation such a simple legal move to regulate pgd it is claimed would violate the constitutionallyguaranteed RA to inviolable human dignity critics however point out that such an absolute inviolability does not exist according to them not only the verdicts by the german federal constitutional court the bundesverfassungsgericht on the reform of section of the german federal penal code stgbthe paragraph that specifies the conditions under which an abortion is not punishedthat relativize in terms of the indication MM one claim to existence with respect to another but also the approval in terms of pharmaceutical and medicineproducts law of nidationblocking agents serve to show this if the condition of being a human being were made to coincide with the completion of the genetic code upon the completion of the process of fertilisation then one tended to forget the critics noted that this attendant dignity was not properly infused with life unless nidation had been successful without nidation everything were fragmentary the total protection of human dignity according to article section of the federal republics basic law germanys constitution notwithstanding during every in vitro fertilisation embryo transfer is conditional upon a variety of AF the presence of which is not noted until after fertilisation has taken place on the part of the embryos too certain conditions have to be met whose presence at the moment of fertilisation is not assured thus an embryo with for instance defects that can be visually detected will not be transferred with regard to these facts too the opponents of preimplantation genetic diagnostics must be challenged to answer the question of why an embryo with visuallydetectable defects should undoubtedly be allowed to be discarded but the act of searching for internal defects be banned thus the fact remains that the mere acceptance of the loss of created embryos does not make artificial insemination a punishable offense as long as the motive for the act is to bring about pregnancy to achieve legal security for the couples and the physicians involved the law on the protection of embryos should be changed the new regulations should determine under which conditions pgd is permissible as is already the case for other norms that apply to reproductive medicine but also for the practice of abortion these regulations should contain an analogous right of refusal for the professionals involved the laws relating to the healing professions to the professional chambers as well as the regulations of the various german federal states which together constitute the federal republic of germany that apply to the professions should be amended accordingly | MEDAL |
HF with preserved ejection fraction hfpef is a L1 cause of morbidity and mortality exercise training is an established adjuvant therapy in HR failure however the effects of HIT hiit in hfpef are unknown we compared the effects of hiit vs moderateintensity aerobic continuous training miact on peak oxygen uptake vÌoâpeak left VVI diastolic dysfunction and endothelial function in patients with hfpef nineteen patients with hfpef age ± yr were randomized to either hiit à min at peak heart rate with min active recovery or miact min at peak HR rate fifteen patients completed exercise training hiit n miact n patients trained dayswk for wk before and T3 training patients underwent a TM test for vÌoâpeak determination dechocardiography for assessment of left VVI diastolic dysfunction and BA flowmediated dilation fmd for assessment of endothelial CF hiit improved vÌoâpeak pre ± ml·kg·min post ± ml·kg·min p and left VVI diastolic dysfunction grade pre ± post ± p but fmd was unchanged pre ± post ± no changes were observed following miact a trend for reduced left atrial volume index was observed following hiit compared with miact ± vs ± mlm p in hfpef patients wk of hiit significantly improved vÌoâpeak and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction hiit may provide a more robust CS- than miact for early exercise training adaptations in hfpef | MEDAL |
the catabolism of alpha and betaverylowdensity lipoproteins vldl was studied in normolipidemic and HL subjects to determine whether differences in the catabolism of these subfractions are due to their composition alpha vldl cholesteroltriglyceride ratio and apoprotein ec ratio n and betavldl cholesteroltriglyceride ratio and apoprotein ec ratio n were isolated from subjects with broad beta disease iodinated and injected in five normolipidemic subjects six with broad beta disease and five with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia vldl intermediate idl and MDA-LDL ldl apoprotein apob radioactivity tetramethylurea insoluble following injection of ilabeled alpha and betavldl decayed biphasically in all subjects and this decay in NL subjects was more rapid than in subjects with broad beta disease p or endogenous HTG p for alpha and p for betavldl the residence times however for the delipidation chain in alpha vldl were similar in all the subjects and varied from three to six hours the decay of radioactivity in betavldl in subjects with broad beta disease was much slower residence time hr n than in NL subjects residence time hr n or in subjects with endogenous hypertriglyceridemia residence time n the residence time for alpha vlaspects of the coccidian protozoan parasite cryptosporidium increased greatly during and as a result of not only increasing veterinary interest but also in the role of the parasite in the newly recognised AIDS aids the reports reflected widespread collaboration not only between clinicians microbiologists and histopathologists but also between veterinary and human HCWs cryptosporidium was first described in mice in and subsequently in various other species it was not described in man until several likely putative species have been described but there is probably little host specificity exp and clinical studies have greatly increased the knowledge about the organisms biology the parasite undergoes its CR life cycle within the intestine although it may occasionally occur in other CS the main symptom produced is a noninflammatory diarrhoea which in patients with aids and children in third world countries may be life threatening even in immunocompetent subjects this symptom is usually protracted attempts to find ERP chemotherapeutic agents have been unsuccessful epidemiologically the infection was thought to be zoonotic in origin but there is increasing evidence of person to person transmission diagnosis has depended upon histological examination but simple methods of detection have now been described more invasive methods need no longer be used the parasite which is found more commonly in children occurs in about of faecal specimens examined and seems to be closely associated with production of symptoms a serological response has been shown much remains to be learned about its epidemiology and pathogenic mechanisms while the expected increase in incidence of aids makes an effective form of treatment essential | MEDAL |
modifications of the structure of pbr dna caused by interaction with cisplatin transplatin and pdii and ptii mepirizole derivatives were studied the compounds were incubated with the plasmid dna for h at degrees c and then observed with an atomic force microscope circular dna was used because the small tertiary structural changes are easy to monitor likewise its superhelical nature mimics dna better than certain forms of intracellular dna such as chromatin afm images clearly reveal that the complexes induce changes in the topological forms of fully relaxed pbr dna most of the compounds produce a more compact dna structure with modified writhing number analysis of gel migration of the relaxed pbr dna incubated with the platinum complexes provides cDNA information which is in good PA with afm results | MEDAL |
endoscopic DUE of the tubal mucosa has been shown to be an important prognostic factor in predicting the probability of a subsequent IUP a recent classification of the tubal mucosa lesions allows uniformity of evaluation permitting comparison of results in prospective studies it has been suggested that endometriosis may be associated with intratubal abnormalities in this prospective T0 we evaluated patients with endometriosisassociated infertility no intraluminal CA were found and all the patients that subsequently conceived had an intrauterine pregnancy | MEDAL |
tb infection in patients after kidney transplantation remains a concern in a successful LT outcome this retrospective descriptive study was performed on tuberculosis infection T3 kidney transplantation in the department of infectious disease of the first affiliated hospital of zhejiang university a tertiary care hospital in china from january to april with the aim to explain the clinical features of active tuberculosis Tx and explore the correlated factors for diagnostic delay and mortality it included cases all these cases were followed up for at least months after antituberculosis therapy except the ones who died during this period the median time of transplantation to AS tuberculosis of these patients was about years the time from a first hospital visit to the diagnosis diagnostic delay of cases was more than days the correlated factors for the diagnostic delay more than days were a fever for more than weeks and antibiotic use for more than weeks nine cases died during the antituberculosis therapy or followingup period due to tb relapse the risk AF for mortality were severe complications such as encephaledema severe pneumonia intestinal perforation LF failure and the following multipleorgan failure in conclusion the possibility of tuberculosis infection should be carefully assessed and sometimes diagnostic antituberculosis therapy may be required for patients who had a fever for more than weeks or used antibiotics for more than weeks after kidney transplantation severe complications and the following multipleorgan failure might increase the mortality among these patients | MEDAL |
we review the exp evaluations of several widely marketed nonprescription compounds claimed to be SM enhancers and treatments for agerelated memory decline we generally limit our review to doubleblind placebocontrolled studies the compounds examined are phosphatidylserine ps phosphatidylcholine pc citicoline PIR vinpocetine acetyllcarnitine alc and antioxidants particularly vitamin e in animals ps has been shown to attenuate many neuronal effects of aging and to restore normal memory on a variety of tasks preliminary findings with humans though are limited for older adults with probable alzheimers disease a single T0 failed to demonstrate positive effects of ps on SM performance for older adults with moderate cognitive impairment ps has produced consistently modest increases in recall of word lists positive effects have not been as consistently reported for other memory tests there is one report of consistent benefits across a number of SM tests for a subset of normal adults who performed more poorly than their peers at baseline the choline compounds pc and citicoline are thought to promote synthesis and transmission of neurotransmitters important to memory pc has not proven ERP for improving SM in patients with probable alzheimers disease the issue remains open for older adults without serious degenerative neural disease research on citicoline is practically nonexistent but one study reported a robust improvement in story recall for a small sample of normally aging older adults who scored lower than their peers in baseline testing animal studies suggest that PIR may improve neuronal efficiency facilitate activity in neurotransmitter systems and combat the agerelated decrease in receptors on the neuronal membrane however for patients with probable alzheimers disease as well as for adults with ageassociated memory impairment there is no clearcut support for a mnemonic benefit of PIR vinpocetine increases blood circulation and metabolism in the BB animal studies have shown that vinpocetine can reduce the loss of SN due to decreased blood flow in three studies of older adults with SM problems associated with poor BB circulation or dementiarelated disease vinpocetine produced significantly more improvement than a placebo in performance on global cognitive tests reflecting attention concentration and SM effects on episodic memory per se have been tested minimally if at all alc participates in cellular energy production a process especially important in SN and in removal of toxic accumulation of fatty acids animal studies show that alc reverses the agerelated decline in the number of neuron membrane receptors studies of patients with probable alzheimers disease have reported nominal advantages over a range of SM tests for alctreated patients relative to placebo groups significant differences have been reported rarely however whether alc would have mnemonic benefits for aging adults without BB disease is untested as far as we know antioxidants help neutralize tissuedamaging free radicals which become more prevalent as organisms age it is hypothesized that increasing antioxidant C2 in the organism might retard or reverse the damaging effects of free radicals on neurons thus far however studies have found that vitamin e does not significantly slow down SM decline for alzheimers patients and does not produce significant SM benefits among early parkinsons patients neither did a combination of vitamins e and c significantly improve college students performance on several cognitive tasks in sum for most of the brainspecific nutrients we review some mildly suggestive effects have been found in preliminary controlled studies using standard psychometric SM assessments or more GA tests designed to reveal cognitive impairment we suggest that future evaluations of the possible memory benefits of these supplements might fruitfully focus on memory processes rather than on SM tests per se | MEDAL |
the conclusions of populationbased studies examining the risk of developing endstage renal disease esrd after nephrectomy among patients with renal cell carcinoma rcc remain inconclusive in this study we sought to examine whether patients with rcc undergoing radical nephrectomy rn have higher risk of esrd compared to those undergoing partial nephrectomy pn | MEDAL |
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