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the basophil HRT hrt is an important in vitro diagnostic CA to evaluate immunoglobin e igemediated allergic responses in this T0 a bioanalytical lcmsms method was developed and validated to quantify histamine in the leukocyte suspension from human IP blood the method used precolumn derivatization with phenylisothiocyanate pitc and the resulting phenylthiocarbamyl ptc histamine was analyzed by positiveion ESI using the multiple reaction monitoring mode chromatographic separation was achieved using an imtaktht c column mm à mm μm with a flow rate of mlmin μl injection and gradient elution with a mixture of acetonitrile mm ammonium acetate buffer both containing formic acid the total runtime of the method was min including equilibration time the method had a LLD of ngml and the quantifiable range was ngml in the leukocyte suspension the intraday and interday precision and accuracy results were within the acceptable limits it was established that histamine quantification should be performed within h of preparing the leukocyte suspension and freezing and thawing should be avoided this method was successfully applied to the diagnosis and evaluation of the pathophysiologic mechanism of respiratory or cutaneous allergic diseases | MEDAL |
the first trial of human leukocyte antigen hla PT for CE and eastern europe formerly PT of hla class i typing for CEE was organized in with polish institutions that were involved in hla typing since then hla laboratories in countries have participated in our external PT schemes the workshop conducted by our institution meets the expectations of the european federation for immunogenetics to provide data on the reliability of histocompatibility testing our standardization workshop currently covers serological typing of hla class i a and b loci and dna typing at the low and highresolution level of hla class i a b c and class ii drb dqb loci it has hla laboratories participating each year thirtytwo laboratories in countries participated in the last session the th workshop in twentythree laboratories submitted results of hla class i typing by serology participated in hla class i dna ts of a pushlock arthrex naples fl usa placed approximately cm posterior to the first anchor this second suture is passed again in the posterior aspect of the cuff the limbs of the first suture are pulled to compress the tendon in the medial aspect of the footprint the two free suture limbs are used to produce suture bridges over the tendon by means of a pushlock arthrex naples fl usa placed cm distal to the lateral edge of the footprint relative to the medially placed suture anchors AP this technique allows us to perform a lowprofile single pulleysuture bridges repair for knotless doublerow repair of the rotator cuff | MEDAL |
a new cephalosporin cefsulodin cfs was studied basically and clinically and the following results were obtained the serum levels of mgkg of cfs po intravenously were mcgml T3 T2 mcgml after hour mcgml after hours mcgml after hours and mcgml T3 hours the half life from serum was T2 clinical response on cases of pseudomonas aeruginosa infections were all good the slight elevations of got gpt were observed by the drug administrations in case from the above results cfs was effective drug to p aeruginosa infections by intravenous administration of mgkg of cfs | MEDAL |
here we show that the consequences of deficient micronutrient betacarotene NI during larval stages of manduca sexta are carried across metamorphosis affecting AD behaviour our manipulation of larval diet allowed us to examine how developmental plasticity impacts the interplay between visual and olfactory inputs on AD foraging behaviour larvae of m sexta were reared on natural nicotiana tabacum and artificial laboratory diets containing different concentrations of betacarotene standard diet low betacarotene high betacarotene and cornmeal this vitamina F0 has been shown to be crucial for photoreception sensitivity in the retina of m sexta T3 completing OD postmetamorphosis starved adults were presented with artificial feeders that could be either scented or unscented regardless of their larval diet adult moths fed with relatively high probabilities on scented feeders when feeders were unscented moths reared on tobacco were more responsive than moths reared on betacarotenedeficient artificial diets strikingly moths reared on artificial diets supplemented with increasing amounts of betacarotene low beta and high beta showed increasing probabilities of response to scentless feeders we discuss these results in relationship to the use of complex multimodal sensory information by foraging animals | MEDAL |
a case of supernumerary phantom limb is described T3 a haematoma within the right BG the phantom which persisted for many months occurred in the context of severe left hemiplegia sensory loss hemianopia and neglect the subjective reality of this third arm caused the patient considerable distress which was not ameliorated by his attempts to rationalise its existence although deeply confused by the phantom the patient was otherwise fully oriented with a high verbal iq and normal cognition two distinct formal interpretations of the phenomenon are discussed | MEDAL |
a revertant spr from a highfrequency petite CS of saccharomyces cerevisiae has been shown by mapping and CS analysis to have a rearranged mitochondrial genome in vivo rearrangement has occurred through a subgenomicrecombination pathway involving the initial formation of sg molecules in nascent petite mutants recombination between these molecules to form an intermediate with direct repeats and subsequent excision of the resident or symposed duplication to yield a molecule with three novel junctions and a changed gene order sequencing of the novel junctions shows that intramolecular recombination in each case occurs by means of g crich short direct repeats of base pairs mapping and sequence analysis also reveal that the spr mitochondrial genome lacks three sectors of the wildtype molecule of and kilobases each of these sectors occurs in nontemplate basebiased dna that is over a t absence of these sectors together with a rearranged gene order does not appear to affect the phenotype of spr as colony morphology and growth rate on a number of different substrates are not detectably different from the wild type lack of phenotypic NC suggests that mitochondrial gene expression has not been noticeably disrupted in spr despite deletion of the consensus nonomer promoter UP from the glu trna gene dispensability of dna sectors and the presence of recombinogenic short direct repeats are mandatory features of the subgenomicrecombination pathway for creating rearrangements in bakers yeast mtdna it is proposed that in other organisms organelle genomes containing these elements may undergo rearrangement by the same steps | MEDAL |
two cases of parathyroid carcinoma in a yearold male on maintenance hemodialysis for months and a yearold female on MHD for months were reported in both cases the parathyroid carcinoma showed local invasion and the other PG were hyperplasia andor adenoma which would support the concept of malignant transformation occurring in parathyroid PH the concurrence of parathyroid carcinoma with PH andor adenoma is a pertinent feature in patients on maintenance dialysis although it is rare in primary parathyroid carcinoma | MEDAL |
the involvement of CE alphanoradrenergic receptors in intracranial SS icss was studied DRCs were established for the blockade of icss by the antipsychotic drugs chlorpromazine thioridazine CLZ and pimozide and the alphaantagonist phenoxybenzamine antagonism of the facilitation produced by the central alphaagonist clonidine of flexor withdrawal reflexes in the reserpinized spinal rat was used to assess the CE alphablocking potency of the same drugs and DR curves were established no correlation was found between CE alphablockade as reflected by the ed for blockade of clonidinefacilated spinal reflexes and the ed for blockade of icss PIM blocked icss at doses virtually devoid of CE alphablocking activity while phenoxybenzamine was a potent alphaantagonist and a weak blocker of icss the lack of rho between CE alphablockade and decreased icss suggests that alphareceptors are not critically involved in selfstimulation behavior | MEDAL |
this study assessed the month followup effects of presymptomatic dna testing for HD hd in individuals at prior risk who were identified either as carriers of the hd gene n or as noncarriers n the subjects knowledge of being a gene carrier was expected to induce intrusive emotions denialavoidance SMB and pessimistic expectancies of the future and adjustment problems the impact of event scale the beck hopelessness scale and the GA health questionnaire were used as standard measures of psychological distress at the disclosure of the test results carriers had a strong increase in pessimistic expectations but showed a decline to baseline levels months later noncarriers reported a steep decline in hopelessness compared with their pretest conditions but had increased scores after months six months T3 the disclosure of the test results both gene carriers and noncarriers reported a significant decrease in unwanted intrusive thoughts about hd carriers showed a slight increase in denialavoidance behavior whereas noncarriers showed a clear decrease our observations might indicate that tested individuals found relief from the prior psychological distress and that they were able to acknowledge the impact of the test result on their future an unresolved question is how the foreknowledge will affect carriers as they RPA the impending onset of the disease longer observation periods months after disclosure are required to T0 changes of the impact of dna test results over time | MEDAL |
since very few previous studies have carried out the quantitative analysis for the colocalization of nitric oxide no and vasoactive intestinal peptide vip in the submucous neurons in the rat digestive tract we applied in vivo treatment of colchicine to enhance the immunoreactivity and examined the colocalization of no synthase nnos and vip in neurons of the submucous plexus throughout the rat digestive tract the density of nnoscontaining SN in the SMP in the stomach corpus cellscm n and that in the antrum cellscm n were significantly lower than those in small and C1 intestine however no difference was detected in the cell density among duodenum cellscm n jejunum cellscm n ileum cellscm n proximal colon cellscm n and distal colon cellscm n the proportion of nnosimmunoreactive ir nnosvipir and vipir neurons to the total number of submucous neurons was examined nnosvipir SN comprised of total number of submucous neurons from the duodenum to the PT colon however those comprised in the distal colon the results showed that the dense CSD of nnoscontaining SN was found in the SMP throughout the small and large intestine and C1 population of submucous neurons costored nnos and vip | MEDAL |
candida rugosa lipase crl and candida antarctica lipase a cala with improved activity and selectivity were prepared for use in organic solvent media crl bioimprinted with fatty acids exhibited eightfold enhanced transesterification activity in hexane combination of bioimprinting and coating with lecithin or with immobilizaom cases and controls did not indicate any association we used analysis of covariance to analyze the association between maoa genotype with the inhibit factor of the SMB rating inventory of executive CF brief in probands and performance on the stroop test in probands probands homozygous for risk alleles found in the tdt test had higher inhibit scores on the brief scale which represents more severe impulsivity this results also was restricted to males no association was found with stroop test performance in conclusion our results provide some evidence that maoa may be associated with the adhdhi AT1 and support the association between maoa and impulsivity which may be a potential endophenotype of adhd however the results were strongly influenced by gender | MEDAL |
lithium li stimulates granulopoiesis both in vitro and in vivo by increasing the number of committed granulocytemacrophage colony forming stem cells cfugm either through direct or indirect mechanisms in this report are described further studies designed to investigate if this li stimulation could be altered by modulating li transport using agents known to influence monovalent cation transport ouabain a nak atpase inhibitor added to nonadherent bone marrow cells either before or immediately T3 the addition of ultrapure li meq produced an irreversible reduction in cfugm indicating the importance of the nak atpase in these processes further studies using the sodium and potassium ionophores gramicidin and valinomycin microgramsml followed by a delay in the addition of li and min reduced cfugm however this reduction was less severe in the presence of gramicidin indicating sodium transport pathways may be required for li action to further explore this hypothesis studies were performed using the more TPS sodium transport inhibitors amiloride and phloretin both were ERP in reducing the ability of li to increase cfugm studies incorporating the calcium ionophore a demonstrated that in the presence of li a further reduction in cfugm was observed indicating that li was unable to reverse this a induced reduction in cfugm these data suggest that in the presence of active calcium transport the ability of li to increase cfugm is restricted | MEDAL |
using adenovirusmediated gene transfer into ftob cells a HTC cell L1 we have overexpressed hexokinase i hk i glucokinase gk liver glycogen synthase lgs muscle glycogen synthase mgs and combinations of each of the two glucosephosphorylating enzymes with each one of the gs isoforms ftob cells do not synthesize glycogen even when incubated with high doses of glucose adenovirusinduced overexpression of hk i andor lgs two enzymes endogenously expressed by these cells did not produce a significant increase in the C2 of active gs and the total glycogen content in contrast gk overexpression led to the glucosedependent activation of endogenous or overexpressed lgs and to the accumulation of glycogen similarly overexpressed mgs was efficiently G1 by the glucosephosphate glcp produced by either endogenous or overexpressed hk i and by overexpressed gk these results indicate the existence of at least two pools of glcp in the cell one of them is accessible to both isoforms of gs and is replenished by the action of gk whereas lgs is excluded from the cellular compartment where the glcp produced by hk i is directed these findings are interpreted in terms of the metabolic role that the two pairs of enzymes hk imgs in the muscle and gklgs in the hepatocyte perform in their respective tissues | MEDAL |
medial collateral ligament and lateral collateral ligament lcl tears are common sequelae of varus or valgus knee injuries assessment focusing on the physical exam requires a high degree of suspicion for associated cruciate ligament meniscus and PL or posteromedial corner injuries nonoperative treatment consisting of rice pain modalities activity modification and protection with a hinged brace is standard for most injuries grade lcl tears usually require surgery PET rehabilitation begins immediately return to play is generally allowed when the player has regained of usual strength | MEDAL |
the hemodynamic determinants of the timecourse of fall in isovolumic left ventricular pressure were assessed in isolated canine left VVI preparations pressure fall was studied in isovolumic beats or during prolonged isovolumic diastole after ejection pressure fall was studied in isovolumic EC50 for isovolumic and ejecting beats r less than or equal to and was therefore characterized by a TC t higher heart rates shortened t slightly from ms at min to ms at min p less than n higher ventricular volumes under isovolumic conditions resulted in higher peak left VVI pressure but no significant change in t t did shorten from ms in isovolumic beats to ms in the ejecting beats p less than n in the ejecting beats PSP was lower and endsystolic volume smaller to differentiate the effects of systolic shortening during ejection from those of lower systolic pressure and smaller endsystolic volume beats with C1 enddiastolic volumes were compared to beats with smaller EDV the beats with smaller EDV exhibited less shortening but similar endsystolic volumes and PSP t again shortened to a greater extent in the beats with greater systolic shortening calcium chloride and acetylstrophanthidin resulted in no significant NC in t but norepinephrine which accelerates AS relaxation resulted in a significant shortening of t vs ms p less than during recovery from ischemia t increased significantly from to ms when compared with the preischemic control beat p less than thus the present studies show that the timecourse of isovolumic pressure fall subsequent to maximum negative dpdt is exponential independent of systolic AS and endsystolic fiber length and minimally dependent on HR rate t may be an index of the activity of the active cardiac relaxing system and appears dependent on systolic fiber shortening | MEDAL |
we compared the performance of patients with FL dementia to that of patients with SVD patients including men and women in a set of tasks assessing attentional executive and behavioural tasks the FLD represents an important cause for degenerative disruption and is increasingly recognised as an important form up to of degenerative PSD among individuals of latemiddleage the main involvement is the frontalsubcortical pathway which is the final target of impairment even in subcortical V1 dementia a wider involvement of the cortical decisional layers in frontal PSD in contrast with the prominent and widespread involvement of the subcortical pathways refinement and corrections programs creates the different profiles of the two CG frontal patients have more difficulties in abstract reasoning focusing attention and implementing strategies to solve problems they exhibit more profound behavioural alterations in personality and social conduct and show only moderate depression and a total lack of insight concerning their dinical condition in contrast the patients with subcortical vascular dementia have poor GA cognitive functions high insight and important depression and apathy as the principal and most salient characteristic of their behavioral conduct | MEDAL |
hyperphosphorylated microtubule associated protein tau present in neurofibrillary tangles is a prominent pathological feature of alzheimers disease ad the gene encoding tau mapt was recently found mutated in frontotemporal dementia ftd and other tauopathies we studied mapt as a candidate gene in the etiology of ad the T0 population consisted of earlyonset ad patients and controls mutation analysis did not detect causal mutations in exons to encoding the microtubulebinding domains involved in ftd however two novel polymorphisms were detected in exon using the ala polymorphism in exon and a previously reported canrepeat polymorphism in intron an association study was performed no association with EOAD was detected together our data indicate that mapt does not play a role in earlyonset ad | MEDAL |
supplementary oxygen is commonly po in current medical practice however attention has recently been drawn to the potentially disadvantageous hemodynamic consequences in certain patients possible mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular responses to acute hyperoxia are unclear the effects of acute oxygen administration on heart rate blood pressure cardiac SO systemic vascular resistance and baroreflex sensitivity were studied in a series of randomised placebocontrolled studies in healthy individuals using validated noninvasive techniques the effects of oxygen administration on forearm blood flow responses to locally po acetylcholine an endotheliumdependent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside an endotheliumindependent vasodilator and lngmonomethylarginine a L-NAME were studied using VO plethysmography oxygen administration for hour caused a reduction in heart rate p and cardiac index p and an increase in mean arterial pressure p systemic V1 resistance p large i.a. stiffness p and baroreflex sensitivity p there were no effects on V1 responses in the isolated forearm bed these findings indicate that oxygen administration causes acute effects on cardiovascular function which might be important in the context of acute illness | MEDAL |
the clinical benefits of statins are strongly related to their LD lipoproteincholesterol ldlc lowering properties however because mevalonic acid mva the product of HMG coenzyme a hmgcoa reductase reaction is the F0 not only of cholesterol but also of nonsteroidal isoprenoid compounds the inhibition of hmgcoa reductase may result in pleiotropic effects independent of their hypocholesterolemic properties the discrimination between the pleiotropic from ldlc lowering effects may potentially be more evident during the EP of treatment since plasma mva levels drop up to within hours while a reduction of ldlc detectable T3 hours became significant T3 days therefore the ED of circulating mvaderived isoprenoids in the EP of treatment could be the main mechanism responsible for the atheroprotective effect of statins this early window of protection in the absence of ldlc lowering suggests that the antiinflammatory and the pleiotropic properties of statins may have clinical importance therefore acute coronary syndromes could represent a clinical condition for addressing the early benefits of statins therapy ie within h of the event independent of ldlc lowering | MEDAL |
muscleinvasive bladder cancer is an aggressive disease associated with high morbidity and mortality radical cystectomy is the mainstay of treatment and has evolved since the first reported cystectomy in to include pelvic lymph node dissection and the creation of increasingly sophisticated urinary diversions such as neobladders and pouches which enable patients to maintain continence pioneering work in the s established the therapeutic activity of cisplatin in patients with TCC and resulted in the introduction of cisplatinbased neoadjuvant chemotherapy which led to the first improvement in survival outcomes in decades other notable advances include the OD of bladdersparing protocols which combine surgery chemotherapy and radiotherapy molecular profiling of TCC has helped to enhance our understanding of tumour biology and identify several therapeutic targets such as programmed death pd and its ligand PCD ligand pdl over the past years immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the pdpdl axis have demonstrated the ability to achieve durable objective responses in trials of patients with metastatic disease if the current momentum continues immunotherapy is poised to change the landscape of muscleinvasive bladder cancer treatment promising improved survival outcomes for patients with this disease | MEDAL |
mri ferrous sulphate gel dosimetry has proven to be a valuable method for assessment of dose delivered in teletherapy the intention of this T0 was to investigate ferrous sulphate gel as a possible dosimeter for intracavitary brachytherapy applications | MEDAL |
the composition of the female breast is an elusive variable in screenfilm mammography that has a vital role in determining both the radiographic image quality and breast radiation dose despite the large volume of research in mammography only two studies known to the author define the chemical composition of the two major breast constituents fibrous glandular tissue and AT unfortunately there is not CR PA between these two studies upon this basis a variety of breast phantom materials have been suggested and developed this paper examines the radiographic equivalence of some of these materials dealing notably with formulations given by hammerstein et al and icru report as well as br water and lucite radiographic equivalence was calculated using a computer simulation of mammographic spectra T3 the example of birch and marshall and tucker et al and fitted to available fda data applied to attenuation data of phantom materials in turn based on elemental linear mu data a software algorithm was written that iteratively calculates the thickness of a nominated material required to match the attenuation of another material of particular thickness the equivalence of cm of lucite to various phantom materials was calculated for mo target mo filter momo xray beams from to kvp and for morh and rhrh beams from to kvp it was found that for momo beams the equivalent thickness of breast phantom material for certain thicknesses of lucite was largely independent of xray beam SE with the range of thickness equivalences being less than at cm of lucite and less than at cm of lucite the rmi breast phantom was found to be equivalent to mm of hammerstein et al glandular adipose phantom material for momo beams at kvp increasing to mm for the range of rhrh beams while some questions remain on the accuracy of the present composition of breast constituents it is clear that various breast compositions can be successfully simulated by using an AGA thickness of lucite material the use of lucite breast phantoms is then seen as an effective and reliable way of evaluating mammographic image SQ and for calculating breast dose for varying required breast compositions | MEDAL |
basal serum alphahydroxyprogesterone ohp concentrations and the ohp response to acute ACTH administration were studied in infertile men with idiopathic oligospermia to determine the prevalence of attenuated hydroxylase deficiency mean standard error of the mean basal SS ohp levels in infertile men ngml and NV ngml were indistinguishable not significant however two infertile men had ohp C2 which were above the normal range following the intravenous administration of mg of synthetic ACTH cosyntropin to these two men and to eight additional infertile men the mean increase in ohp concentrations was ngml a response which was similar to that of normal men ngml no patient demonstrated the minimum fourfold rise in ohp previously reported in men with attenuated hydroxylase deficiency suggesting the absence of this disorder among these subjects this study suggests that subtle hydroxylase deficiency is rare among infertile men with idiopathic infertility | MEDAL |
the aim of the study was to examine how body fat distribution variables were associated with metabolic parameters in a sample of postmenopausal women not receiving hormone therapy years kgm body fat CSD variables visceral adipose tissue at subcutaneous at and total midthigh at were measured using computed tomography BFM was assessed by HW insulin sensitivity was determined with the euglycemichyperinsulinemic clamp FPG fpg and hour plasma glucose hpg concentrations were measured by a g oral glucose load and highsensitivity cs in combination with fuzzy decision logic makes it possible to generate prognostic models for highconfidence determination of the risk of postsurgery complications in urological patients problems of use of automated decision support systems based on fuzzy models for improving the accuracy of prediction of postsurgery complications in urological patients are discussed | MEDAL |
a preparative RP highperformance LC method is described for the simultaneous separation of eight different isomers formed from the oacyl glucuronide of DF all isomers were formed when the acyl glucuronide was incubated under mildly ALP conditions in AQ solution various forms of twodimensional nmr studies were performed in order to identify each isomer seven of the isomers were identified as alpha and betaforms of esters in which diflunisal forms an ester with one of the four alcohol CG in the glucupyranuronic acid one isomer was identified as the ether TG of diflunisal to establish the exact CS of the different protons simulation of the onedimensional nmr spectra and iterative analyses were performed | MEDAL |
the fatal bacterial infection caused by inhalation of the bacillus anthracis spores results from the synthesis of protein toxinsprotective antigen pa lethal factor lf and edema factor efby the bacterium pa is the targetcell binding protein and is common to the two effector molecules lf and ef which exert their toxic effects once they are translocated to the cytosol by pa pa is the major component of vaccines against anthrax since it confers protective immunity the largescale production of recombinant proteinbased anthrax vaccines requires overexpression of the pa protein we have constitutively expressed the protective antigen protein in e coli dhalpha strain we have found no increase in degradation of pa when the protein is constitutively expressed and no plasmid instability was observed inside the expressing cells we have also scaled up the expression by bioprocess optimization using batch SC technique in a fermentor the protein was purified using metalchelate AC approximately mg of recombinant protective antigen rpa protein was obtained per liter of batch SC it was found to be biologically and functionally fully AS in comparison to pa protein from bacillus anthracis this is the first report of constitutive overexpression of protective antigen gene in e coli | MEDAL |
tortoises are susceptible to a wide variety of environmental stressors and the influence of human disturbances on health and survival of tortoises is difficult to detect as an addition to current diagnostic methods for desert tortoises we have developed the first leukocyte gene transcription biomarker panel for the desert tortoise gopherus agassizii enhancing the ability to identify TPS environmental conditions potentially linked to declining animal health blood leukocyte transcript profiles have the potential to identify physiologically stressed animals in lieu of clinical signs for desert tortoises the gene transcript profile included a combination of immune or detoxification response genes with the potential to be modified by biological or PCS injury and consequently provide information on the type and magnitude of stressors present in the animals habitat blood from wild adult tortoises at three CS in clark county nv and san bernardino ca and from captive tortoises in clark county nv was collected and evaluated for genes indicative of physiological status statistical analysis using a priori groupings indicated significant differences among groups for several genes while multidimensional scaling and cluster analyses of transcription c t values indicated strong differentiation of a large cluster and multiple outlying individual tortoises or small clusters in multidimensional space these analyses highlight the effectiveness of the gene panel at detecting environmental perturbations as well as providing guidance in determining the health of the desert tortoise | MEDAL |
a T0 was conducted in two elementary schools in mexico city to determine values for pulmonary function tests in schoolaged residents of mexico city the schools were located in xalostoc a highly industrialized area of mexico city and san lorenzo a suburban area of the city although data regarding atmospheric pollution were not available there is an acknowledged higher level of macroenvironmental air pollution in xalostoc pulmonary CF tests were performed on children in san lorenzo and children in xalostoc no differences between residents of the two communities for acute or chronic respiratory conditions were detected by questionnaire the pulmonary CF data demonstrate that boys have larger forced vital cappatients attending the same clinic but without these conditions when patients with GD were treated with i proteinuria measured by h collections developed in of patients without preexisting PU and appeared to diminish in patients in whom proteinuria had been present before treatment the prevalence and fluctuation of PU was independent of thyroglobulin and microsomal antibody C2 we were unable to confirm previous reports of a high prevalence of circulating immune complexes in ATD complexes were detected in only of patients and did not correlate with PU the causes of mild proteinuria in ATD are not apparent but previous case reports suggesting that membranous glomerulonephritis is associated with graves disease albeit rarely indicate that immunological mechanisms may be implicated | MEDAL |
toxocara canis is the helminth causing toxocariasis a parasitic disease with medical and veterinary implications their final host are members of the family canidae and as paratenic hosts grandis l osbeck seedlings were fertilized for weeks with nutrient solution containing either mm control or mm al toxicity alcl·ho aluminum induced decreases of biomass leaf photosynthesis relative water content and total soluble protein levels and increases of methylglyoxal levels only occurred in c grandis roots and leaves besides the alinduced decreases of pigments and alterations of chlorophyll a fluorescence transients and fluorescence parameters were greater in c grandis leaves than those in c sinensis leaves aluminumtreated c grandis had higher stem and leaf al C2 and similar root al C2 relative to altreated c sinensis but lower al distribution in roots and al uptake per plant aluminum toxicity decreased nitrogen phosphorus potassium calcium magnesium and sulfur uptake per plant in c grandis and c sinensis seedlings with the exception of altreated c sinensis seedlings exhibiting increased sulfur uptake per plant and unaltered magnesium uptake per plant under alstress macroelement uptake per plant was higher in c sinensis than that in c grandis aluminum toxicity decreased the ratios of reduced glutathionereduced Ox glutathione and of ascorbateascorbate dehydroascorbate only in c grandis roots and leaves the MICs of most antioxidant enzymes sulfur metabolismrelated enzymes and glyoxalases and the levels of scontaining compounds were higher in altreated c sinensis roots and leaves than those in altreated c grandis ones thus c sinensis displayed higher al tolerance than c grandis did the higher al tolerance of c sinensis might involve i more al accumulation in roots and less transport of al from roots to shoots ii efficient maintenance of nutrient homeostasis and iii efficient maintenance of redox homeostasis via detoxification systems of reactive oxygen species and MG | MEDAL |
glycans are an important class of posttranslational modifications typically found on secreted and extracellular molecules glycan structures signal the internal status of the cell glycans on RT cells tend to have abundant sialic acid and fucose moieties we propose that these cancerassociated glycan variants be exploited for biomarker development aimed at diagnosing earlystage disease accordingly we developed a mass spectrometrybased workflow that incorporates chromatography on affinity matrices formed from lectins proteins that bind specific glycan structures the lectins sambucus nigra sna and aleuria aurantia aal which bind sialic acid and fucose respectively were covalently coupled to poros beads applied biosystems and packed into peek columns for high pressure liquid chromatography hplc briefly plasma was depleted of the fourteen most abundant proteins using a multiple affinity removal system mars agilent depleted plasma was trypsindigested and separated into flowthrough and bound fractions by sna or aal hplc the fractions were treated with pngasef to remove nlinked glycans and analyzed by lcmsms on a qstar elite data were analyzed using mascot software the exp design included positive controlsfucosylated and sialylated human LF glycopeptidesand negative controlshigh mannose glycopeptides from saccharomyces cerevisiaethat were used to monitor the specificity of lectin capture key features of this workflow include the reproducibility derived from the hplc format the positive ID of the captured and pngaseftreated glycopeptides from their deamidated asnxxxserthr motifs and SQ assessment using glycoprotein standards protocol optimization also included determining the AGA ratio of starting material to column capacity identifying the most efficient capture and elution buffers and monitoring the pngaseftreatment to ensure full deglycosylation future directions include using this workflow to perform mass spectrometrybased discovery experiments on plasma from breast cancer patients and control individuals | MEDAL |
an isocratic hplc technique has been developed for the separation and measurement of urine and plasma oxypurines in a patient with xanthinuria the case PH and laboratory data are presented xanthine excretion was mgg creatinine and hypoxanthine was mgg creatinine uric acid was too small to be measured but uricase determination showed only mg hr SS oxypurine analysis showed hypoxanthine mgdl and xanthine mgdl uric acid was not seen in this patients SS but could be readily measured in NCs the technique can also be used to separate nucleotides from purine bases and we have demonstrated its application to the measurement of EA hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase and APRT in a kindred associated with the leschnyhan syndrome | MEDAL |
one hundred twenty low birth weight infants were enterally fed diets containing fixed differences in protein and SE content serial biweekly measurements were made of MEI SE expenditure nitrogen balance and distribution of states of sleep from the time the infants were receiving full enteral intakes mlkgd until weight reached g using multiple SRA of SE expenditure against protein stored and metabolizable energy the SE expended in the deposition of protein was calculated to be kcalg kcalg se and the energy cost of fat deposited was kcalg kcalg se estimated maintenance SE expenditure of the nongrowing low birth weight infant was kcalkgd variations in CSD of sleep state an assessment of the activity state of the infant did not explain additional R2 in energy expenditure T3 adjusting for protein and energy storage | MEDAL |
in normotensive rats renal sensory receptor activation by increased UP results in increased ipsilateral afferent renal nerve activity decreased CL efferent RNA and CL diuresis and natriuresis a contralateral inhibitory renorenal reflex response in spontaneously hypertensive rats shr increasing ureteral pressure fails to increase afferent renal nerve activity the nature of the inhibitory renorenal reflexes indicates that an impairment of the renorenal reflexes would contribute to the increased efferent RNA in shr we therefore examined whether there was a GA decrease in the responsiveness of renal sensory receptors in shr by comparing the afferent RNA responses to bradykinin in shr and WK wky in wky renal pelvic perfusion with bradykinin at and micromoll increased afferent RNA by and x second area under the curve of afferent renal nerve activity versus time in shr BK at to micromoll failed to increase afferent RNA bradykinin at micromoll increased afferent RNA in only of shr in wky renal pelvic perfusion with the PDBu betaphorbol dibutyrate known to activate protein kinase c resulted in a peak afferent RNA response of however betaphorbol dibutyrate failed to increase afferent renal nerve activity in shr these findings demonstrate decreased responsiveness of renal pelvic sensory receptors to bradykinin in shr the impaired afferent renal nerve activity responses to bradykinin in shr may be due to a lack of protein kinase c activation or a defect in the intracellular signaling mechanisms distal to protein kinase c activation | MEDAL |
prenatal environmental AF might influence the risk of developing cardiovascular disease later in life the hdlassociated enzyme paraoxonase pon has antioxidative functions that may protect against atherosclerosis it also hydrolyzes many substrates including organophosphate pesticides a common polymorphism pon qr affects both properties but a potential interaction between pon genotype and pesticide SE on cardiovascular risk AF has not been investigated we explored if the pon qr TT affects cardiovascular risk factors in schoolage children prenatally exposed to pesticides | MEDAL |
a method is described by which a selective lesion can be made in vitro in the transverse tubules of frog skeletal muscle the method consists of exposing the muscle for hr or more to a buffered salt solution made hypertonic by the inclusion of mm glycerol and then returning the muscle to an isotonic salt solution the lesion is induced during the washout of the glycerol electron micrographs reveal that the lesion consists of a rearrangement of the tsystem membranes in such a way that the continuity of the tubules is lost the membranes appear to coalesce into large LDV scattered irregularly throughout the sarcoplasm the glycerol treatment results in a depression of the resting potential of up to mv the treated MF are depolarized by high concentrations of k as are normal muscle fibres ttubule lesioned MF are unable to respond mechanically either to electrical stimulation or to elevated k but they do contract in the presence of caffeine and relax when the caffeine is removed problems concerning the R2 of the procedure are presented and certain considerations concerning the mechanism of the effect are discussed | MEDAL |
algae are traditionally classified according to biological descriptors which do not give information on surface characteristics that are important with respect to removal by water treatment processes this review examines the character of freshwater algal populations from a water treatment perspective and evaluates the impact of their varying properties and the use of preoxidation on their removal by solidliquid separation processes the characteristics shown to impact on treatment were morphology motility surface charge cell density and the extracellular organic matter eom composition and concentration with the exception of density these are not phyla specific it was also shown that dissolved air flotation daf was the most robust clarification method where up to removal was achieved compared to for sedimentation when using metal coagulants however successful clarification relied heavily on the optimisation of preceding coagulation and flocculation and coagulant demand was important in this respect comparison of all available data reveals a relationship between cell surface area and coagulant demand it is thus suggested that cell surface area would provide a basis for regrouping algae such that the classification is informative with respect to water treatment however the absolute coagulant demand is a result of both SA and eom influences the latter are relatively poorly understood in comparison to NOM nom systems and this remains a limit in current knowledge | MEDAL |
betel quid is chewed by million people worldwide and it has been linked to obesity and cardiovascular disease the purpose of our study was to examine the prevalence and predictors of betel quid chewing in a rural area of bangladesh and determine its effects on body mass index bmi and blood pressure | MEDAL |
hnf and cebp alpha are transcription factors that bind to and transactivate the HA gene proximal promoter various deletions of the HA promoter were coupled to a luciferase reporter gene albluc constructs and coelectroporated with hnf andor cebp alpha expression vectors into hela cells luciferase activities from coelectroporation of the hnf and cebp alpha expression vectors with the albluc constructs were approximately fold greater than the sum of the MICs achieved with hnf and cebp alpha CT analysis of coohterminal or internal deletions of the hnf expression vector revealed that the domain important for collaborative interaction with cebp alpha could be localized to a amino acid region not previously described this domain is proline and glutaminerich and is highly rat to a portion of vhnf an evolutionarily related gene first identified in dedifferentiated hepatoma cells a construct linking the negatively charged activation domain of herpes simplex virus protein vp to the dnabinding domain of hnf showed that it could also synergize with cebp alpha to transactivate the HA gene promoter our studies delineate a domain in hnf important for synergistic activation with cebp alpha | MEDAL |
a yearold man was admitted to nara medical university hospital because of rightsided chest pain computed tomographic examination revealed a right pleural effusion and diffuse pleural thickening malignant mesothelioma was diagnosed from the results of a percutaneous pleural biopsy and the patient then underwent RA pleuropneumonectomy the resected specimen was examined by light and electron microscopy which revealed scattered sarcomalike malignant cells with some epithelial differentiation in abundant extracellular collagen with storiform derangement therefore desmoplastic malignant mesothelioma mixed type was diagnosed this is a rare histological subgroup of malignant mesotheliomas the patient died months T3 the T0 due to multiple and rapidly growing metastases T3 lung tissue was dissolved ferruginous asbestos bodies were counted and the results were consistent with occupational SE to asbestos ABs per g of lung tissue | MEDAL |
electromagnetic stimulation has been used to excite tracts in the human motor SC but little has been done to study inhibitory effects in three normal subjects we have noted that an electromagnetic stimulation applied to the motor SC during maximum voluntary contraction produces silent periods lasting up to ms in the contralateral abductor pollicis brevis duration of the silent period is directly proportional to the intensity of the stimulus AH has similar silent periods lasting to ms although proximal upper and lower limb muscles have shorter SPs f and h waves are easily elicited during this silent period suggesting that the alpha motoneuron is still excitable this silent period may result at least in part from a synchronous volley of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials induced by the electromagnetic stimulator at the cortical level this technique may prove useful in further delineating cortical inhibitory CF | MEDAL |
the allatostatins asts with pheglyleuamide cterminal CS are multifunctional neuropeptides discovered as inhibitors of juvenile hormone jh synthesis by corpora allata ca of cockroaches although these asts inhibit jh synthesis only in cockroaches crickets termites and locusts isolation of MMP or of cdnagenomic dna or analysis of genomes indicates their occurrence in many orders of insects with the exception of coleopterans the gene for these asts has not been found in the genome of the red flour beetle tribolium castaneum family tenebrionidae yet in view of widespread occurrence of these peptides in insects crustaceans and nematodes they would be expected to occur in beetles this T0 provides evidence for the presence of fglalike asts in the tenebrionid beetle tenebrio molitor and scarabid beetle popillia japonica extract of BB from both beetles inhibited jh synthesis by cockroach ca dose dependently and reversibly brain equivalents of t molitor and p japonica extracts inhibited jh synthesis and respectively antibody against CR allatostatin diploptera punctata ast used in an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay reacted with brain extract of these beetles antibody against d punctata ast localized fglalike asts in the BB and subesophageal ganglion of t molitor and p japonica in addition i.c.v. of t molitor BB extract with antid punctata ast reduced the inhibition of jh synthesis and i.c.v. of Rh punctata ast with d punctata ast diminished the immunoreactivity of the antibody thus we predict that fglalike allatostatins will be found in beetles | MEDAL |
new molecularly targeted therapeutics are changing dermatologic therapy janus kinasesignal transducer and activator of transcription jakstat is an intracellular signaling pathway upon which many different proinflammatory signaling pathways converge numerous inflammatory dermatoses are driven by soluble inflammatory mediators which rely on jakstat signaling and inhibition of this pathway using jak inhibitors might be a useful therapeutic strategy for these diseases growing evidence suggests that jak inhibitors are efficacious in AD AA psoriasis and vitiligo additional evidence suggests that jak inhibition might be broadly usefuhondrial inner membrane anion carrier superfamily and play an important role in SE homeostasis genetic studies have demonstrated that ucp and ucp gene variants are involved in obesity and metabolic syndrome the aim of this study was to identify associations between polymorphisms of ucp and ucp genes and economicallyimportant traits in qinchuan cattle in the present study one singlenucleotide polymorphism snp in the utr region snpgcg of the ucp gene was identified by direct sequencing of qinchuan cattle two snps in exon snp gga snp gct of the ucp gene were identified by sequencing and PCR reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism pcrrflp among qinchuan cattle association analysis showed that snp and snp were associated with the meat SQ traits mqts including back fat thickness loin muscle area and intramuscular fat content snp was found to be associated with part of the body measurement traits bmts which referred to withers height and chest depth in addition qtl pyramiding analysis showed that individuals with diplotype pp ggggcc exhibited the best performance in terms of back fat thickness loin muscle area intramuscular fat content rump length hip width chest depth and CC with regard to the ga mutation real time pcr analysis revealed that individuals with aa genotype of the ucp gene expressed higher mrna levels than those with gg TT these results suggest that the diplotype pp ggggcc could be used as a molecular marker of the combined genotypes for future selection of body measurement traits and meat SQ traits in qinchuan cattle | MEDAL |
insect olfactory receptors are routinely expressed in heterologous systems for PET characterisation it was recently discovered that the essential or coreceptor orco of the hessian fly mayetiola destructor mdes does not respond to the agonist vuaa which activates orco in all other insects analysed to date here using a mutagenesisbased RPA we identified three residues in mdesorco located in different TM helices as supported by d modelling that confer sensitivity to vuaa reciprocal mutations in drosophila melanogaster dmel and the noctuid moth agrotis segetum aseg orcos diminish sensitivity of these proteins to vuaa additionally mutating these residues in dmelorco and asegorco compromised odourant receptor or dependent ligandinduced orco activation in contrast both wildtype and vuaasensitive mdesorco were capable of forming functional receptor complexes when coupled to ors from all three species suggesting unique complex properties in m destructor and that not all olfactory receptor complexes are created equal | MEDAL |
a uplcesimsms method was used to determinate the main AS fractions GA protocatechuic acid myricetrin hyperoside and quercitrin in polygonum capitatum extracts by in situ intestinal perfusion models the absorption rate constants and cumulative penetration rate of absorption were calculated the effect of different drug concentrations different intestine segments bile and pgp inhibitors on the absorption mechanism of gallic acid and other compositions in p capitatum extracts the experimental results showed that GA PCA myricetrin and quercitrin were observed saturated at high concentration p bile had significant inhibition effect on protocatechuic acid absorption and had promotion effect on myricetrin and hyperoside absorption p pgp inhibitor verapamil among individuals in different age CG and sexes mean intraocular pressures and schirmer tear tests were also not statistically significantly different between great grey owls and snowy owls iop ± mm hg and ± mm hg respectively and stti ± mmmin and ± mmmin respectively however snowy owls overall had a significantly larger eye than did great grey owls reflected in corneal diameters ± vs ± mm respectively and US biometry in both species the most common ocular lesions included keratitis cataracts chorioretinal lesions and abnormal pecten establishment of REF ocular parameters will help wildlife veterinarians and rehabilitators determine an appropriate treatment plan and will aid in correctly identifying the presence of ocular disease | MEDAL |
in this singlecenter matchedcohort study women who underwent ivficsi with donor oocytes between and n were compared to women undergoing autologous cycles during the same time period n the matching took into consideration the womens age type of treatment ivficsi and year of embryo transfer all women were healthy and below years of age at the time of ivficsi and the treatments were performed using a strict policy of single embryo transfer multiple LR analysis adjusted for body mass index bmi smoking and parity showed a four times increased risk of gestational hypertensive disorders adjusted odds ratio aor confidence interval ci and preeclampsia aor ci in pregnancies achieved with donor oocytes there was also a higher rate of cesarean section in women who gave birth after OD aor ci and a higher risk of postpartum hemorrhage ml aor ci after further adjustment for preecltes of the less abundant males were not negatively affected by derelict pots VL responses to derelict pots may be due to seasonal differences in female and male blue crab SMB and movements the costly effect that derelict pots have on harvest should be investigated in other pot fisheries to recognize the magnitude and mechanisms behind these impacts | MEDAL |
the immunohistochemical presence and the distribution DP of four different molecular forms of gonadotropinreleasing hormone gnrh were investigated in the BB of both sexes of the lizard podarcis s sicula animals used in this study were collected in november and april representing two different periods of the reproductive cycle the antisera used were those raised against synthetic mammalian gnrh chicken gnrhi and ii and salmon gnrh strong immunoreaction was obtained for salmon chickeni and chickenii gnrhs whereas a very weak reaction was seen for the mammalian form of gnrh the distribution of immunoreactivegnrh perikarya and fibers did not vary with the sex the reproductive condition of the animals or the AS used also the intensity of immunoreaction with any one antiserum was quite similar in both periods of the year and in all brains examined the immunoreactive perikarya was seen as two distinct groups one in the mesencephalon and the other in the INF immunoreactive fiber endings were seen in the TEL the optic tectum the anterior preoptic area the ME the CE grey matter the rhombencephalon and the cerebellum no immunoreactive perikarya were seen in the telencephalon or the anterior POA area | MEDAL |
the renal hemodynamic response to renal arterial infusions of norepinephrine was compared to EN infusions during renal alphaadrenoceptor blockade in chronically instrumented and unanesthetized fetal dGA term days newborn days old and nonpregnant AD sheep infusions of either catecholamines produced renal vasodilation which was of greater magnitude in fetal compared to newborn and AD sheep maximal increases in renal blood flow velocity during norepinephrine infusion were in fetal in newborn and in AD sheep p less than similar agedependent increases in RBF velocity were observed during epinephrine infusion with maximal changes being in fetal in newborn and in adult sheep p less than increases in RBF velocity produced by both norepinephrine and epinephrine infusions were completely inhibited by intrarenal infusion of ici a beta AR antagonist taken together these results suggest that the renal vascular beta adr that mediates vasodilation may be stimulated by both norepinephrine and EN with equal potency in addition results of this T0 demonstrate that enhanced beta AR mediated renal vasodilatory capacity is observed during fetal life | MEDAL |
RVD is not uncommon in adults with congenital heart disease in congenital HR disease unlike acquired HR disease the RA IVT is not always the subpulmonary IVT it may support the SVR circulation as it does in patients with transposition complexes the result is chronic RA ventricular pressure overload in contrast pulmonary valve regurgitation a frequent problem T3 surgical repair of the tetralogy of fallot imposes a volume overload on the right ventricle over time both conditions may lead to right ventricular dysfunction and often this becomes a L1 clinical concern clearly a thorough understanding of RA VVI anatomy and physiology is a necessity for those caring for patients with congenital HR disease this article provides an overview of right ventricular morphology and the adverse effects of RA ventricular dysfunction in adults with congenital heart disease | MEDAL |
VE cells which are polyfunctional play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications the increase in VP ie regulated by vascular EC cells has been reported in patients with diabetes mellitus complicated by angiopathy to determine the role of HG in EC cell permeability we examined the effect of high concentrations of glucose on the permeability of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells the permeations of Al and fluoresceinlabeled dextran fd across EC cell monolayers were increased when cultured with a high concentration of gl mgdl this increased permeation of Al but not fd was temperaturedependent and was partially reduced by adding mumoll ponalrestat ici statil ici cheshire uk which is an aldose reductase inhibitor stimulation or inhibition of nakadenosine triphosphatase atpase in BAE cells failed to alter their permeability these findings suggest that high concentrations of gl enhance transendothelial permeability of Al in part by activating the polyol pathway but independently of nakatpase activity | MEDAL |
spry and b are rat domains which can be identified in protein families encoded in the human genome these include cell surface receptors of the immunoglobulin superfamily btns negative regulators of the jakstat pathway socsbox ssb and proteins encoded by the numerous trim genes collectively proteins containing spry and b domains cover a wide range of functions including regulation of cytokine signalling socs rna metabolism ddx hnrnps intracellular calcium release ryr receptors immunity to retroviruses trimalpha as well as regulatory and developmental processes herc ashl in order to clarify the evolutionary relationship between the two domains we compiled a curated DB of spry and bdomain sequences we show that while spry domains are evolutionarily ancient b domains found in btn and trim proteins are a more recent evolutionary adaptation comprising the combination of spry with an additional domain pry the combination of spry and pry to produce b domains may have been selected and maintained as a component of immune defence | MEDAL |
one known and two novel antioxidant EDC have been isolated from bamboo phyllostachys edulis the butanolsoluble extract of the bamboo leaves was found to have a significant antioxidant activity as measured by scavenging the stable diphenylpicrylhydrazyl dpph free radical and the superoxide anion radical o in the xanthinexanthine oxidase CA system antioxidant activitydirected fractionation of the extract led to the isolation and characterization of three structural isomeric CGA derivatives omethylcaffeoylquinic acid ocaffeoylmethylquinic acid and ocaffeoylmethylquinic acid compounds and were isolated and characterized for the first time from the NK products in the dpph scavenging assay as well as in the ironinduced rat microsomal lipid peroxidation system EDC ic and microm and ic and microm showed approximately times higher antioxidant activity than did chlorogenic acid ic and microm and other related hydroxycinnamates such as CA ic and microm and ferulic acid ic and microm among the three compounds compound yielded the weakest antioxidant activity and the dpph scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity ic and microm was lower than those of chlorogenic and caffeic acids all three EDC exhibited both superoxide scavenging activities and GABA effects on xanthine oxidase their superoxide anion o scavenging MICs ic microm microm and microm were markedly stronger than those of ascorbic acid ic microm alphatocopherol ic microm and other test compounds although their inhibition effects on xanthine oxidase may contribute to the potent scavenging activity alphatocopherol exerted a significant inhibitory effect of the control on superoxide generation in otetradecanoylphorbolacetateinduced human promyelocytic leukemia hl cells and compound showed moderate activity on the other hand other EDC including CGA and other antioxidants were weakly active in the suppression of superoxide generation | MEDAL |
maternal and CB haemoglobin SI transferrin saturation and ferritin were studied in sets of anaemic haemoglobin less than gl and nonanaemic haemoglobin greater than or equal to gl mothers the cord serum iron transferrin saturation and ferritin concentrations had significant correlation with maternal haemoglobin the significant low C2 of these parameters suggested that maternal anaemia adversely affected the iron status including iron stores of the newborns the HCS iron of mumoll and ferritin of ngml seem to be ERP to maintain cord haemoglobin C2 thus anaemic mothers with reasonably maintained ferritin and transferrin saturation C2 provide sufficient iron for maintenance of cord haemoglobin although foetal iron stores are likely to be depleted | MEDAL |
in vivo and in vitro efficacy of TCs was studied with respect to anthracic infection induced by a tetracyclineresistant resistant strain containing plasmid pbc the plasmidcontaining strain was resistant to tetracycline doxycycline and minocycline the mics exceeding those for the initial CS and times respectively there was no therapeutic effect of tetracycline and doxycycline in the treatment and urgent prophylaxis of anthracic infection caused by the tetracyclineresistant CS of bacillus anthracis high therapeutic efficacy of minocycline in the average therapeutic concentrations was shown irrespective of the contaminating doses and strains minocycline was recommended for treatment and urgent prophylaxis of anthracic infection caused by tetracyclineresistant b anthracis strains | MEDAL |
complete deficiency of hypoxanthineguanine phosphoribosyltransferase hprt causes the LNS previous characterization of a mutant form of hprt hprtyale from a subject with the leschnyhan syndrome revealed normal mrna and protein concentrations no residual catalytic activity and cathodal migration upon page we have cloned and sequenced hprtyale cdna the nucleotide CS of fulllength hprtyale cdna revealed a single nucleotide substitution compared with normal hprt cdna gc at nucleotide position this transversion predicts substitution of arginine for glycine at amino acid position explaining the cathodal migration of hprtyale choufasman secondary structure analysis predicts a NC in the probability of betaturn formation in the region containing the mutation inclusion of the bulky Arg side chain in place of glycine probably disrupts protein folding as well cloning mutant forms of cdna allows identification of specific mutations provides insight into mutational mechanisms and facilitates structurefunction analysis of mutant proteins | MEDAL |
the extent of clearance of leukemic cells from the blood or bone marrow during the early phase of therapy is an independent prognostic factor in acute lymphoblastic one all several methods are available to measure the minimal residual disease mrd remaining after initial intensive chemotherapy the most promising are flow cytometric detection of aberrant immunophenotypes and polymerase chain reaction analysis of clonal antigenreceptor gene rearrangements when applied together these techniques enable one to monitor mrd in virtually all cases of all patients who achieve an immunologic or molecular remission ie leukemic involvement of of nucleated bone marrow cells at the end of remission induction therapy are predicted to have a better clinical outcome than patients whose remission is defined solely by morphologic criteria in studies to date patients with mrd at a level of or more at the end of induction have fared almost as poorly as those with or blast cells in the bone marrow ie induction failures sequential monitoring of mrd can improve the clinical utility of risk assessment still further additional studies are needed to determine the critical C2 of mrd at various times of treatment and whether therapeutic intervention based on mrd findings can improve clinical outcome | MEDAL |
a yearold woman was referred to our hospital complaining of upper abdominal discomfort the patient had been receiving medical treatment for hypertension computed tomography revealed a mm solid RT with calcification in the left adrenal gland and a mm nodule in the RA adrenal gland endocrinological examinations revealed no activity of either adrenal mass the left adrenal tumor was extirpated because malignancy of the tumor was not ruled out histopathological examination proved that the RT was ganglioneuroma arising from the extraadrenal retroperitoneum | MEDAL |
neural activity of lumbar visceral afferents supplying the UB and urethra was analyzed systematically in the cat the afferent fibres were isolated either from the WG rami l and l in a preparation with closed peritoneal cavity or from the lumbar splanchnic SN in a preparation with open peritoneal cavity and investigated for various functional parameters seventy five single units and multiunit bundles were analyzed about of the afferent units had some ongoing activity to imps two thirds of the afferent axons were thin myelinated conduction velocity ms the rest were presumably unmyelinated theta below ms the receptive fields of the afferent units consisted with one exception of single MS CS on the surface of the bladder and urethra most receptive fields were situated on the dorsal side of the bladder afferents with receptive fields on or in the bladder wall responded in a graded manner to passive distension and isovolumetric contraction at intravesical pressures ranging from about to mm hg the thresholds for exciting the afferent units ranged from less than mm hg to about mm hg intravesical pressure most of them being less than mm hg generally the discharge rate of the afferent units gave a reliable representation of the IVP to the lumbar spinal cord urethral units exhibited either no responses to the graded distensions and contractions of the urinary bladder or responded with low discharge rates at higher intravesical pressuresabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of intravenously administered vasopressors upon uterine artery blood flow velocity ubfv in the gravid guinea pig subjected to ritodrine infusion fourteen experiments were performed in chronically instrumented pregnant guinea pigs near term immediately following a h intravenous infusion of ritodrine mgkgmin each animal received an intravenous bolus of V1 solution EN mgkg phenylephrine mgkg mephentermine mgkg ephedrine mgkg or PL the experimental sequence was performed five times so that each animal received all five solutions the V1 sequence was randomly altered between animals infusion of ritodrine increased maternal heart rate p less than decreased maternal MAP pressure mmap p less than and decreased ubfv p less than the four AS V1 solutions resulted in similar though not equivalent increases in mmap further the mmap response to each AS vasopressor differed from the response to PL p less than EN and phenylephrine each significantly decreased ubfv p less than ephedrine clearly preserved ubfv whereas mephentermine appeared to result in an intermediate response | MEDAL |
highresolution noncontact atomic force TSM afm images were successfully taken on the ge x structure formed on the si substrate and revealed all dangling bonds of the surface regardless of their electronic situation surpassing STM whose images strongly deviated from the atomic structure by the electronic states involved an atomically resolved electrostatic potential profile by a kelvinprobe method with afm shows potential variations among the dangling bond states directly observing a charge transfer between them these results clearly demonstrate that highresolution noncontact afm with a kelvinprobe method is an ideal tool for analysis of atomic structures and electronic properties of surfaces | MEDAL |
the aim of this study was to compare the postprandial OB response in rats with and without metabolic syndrome induced by a fructoseenriched diet the effect of aging and the association between variations in metabolic substrates was also evaluated oral glucose ATT ogtt and fastingrefeeding test were used to evaluate the responses of OB and to explore the dynamic relationship between endogenous leptin and metabolic substrates including gl insulin and triglycerides tg at the th week plasma leptin was unchanged in control rats T3 oral glucose loading however plasma OB C2 increased in fructosefed rats with insulin resistant ogtt curves at the th month plasma OB level was reduced during starvation and returned to the level prior to starvation during refeeding in control rats in contrast the starvationinduced reduction in OB showed a potentially larger rebound effect during refeeding in fructosefed rats analysis of covariance demonstrated that there CT was no interactive effect of dietary manipulation between OB and tg suggesting that fructose dietinduced insulin resistancerelated metabolic syndrome may concomitantly elevate OB and tg furthermore multiple SRA suggests tg was the primary correlative determinant of endogenous leptin concentration our data showed that there are different patterns of leptin response to ogtt and fastingrefeeding tests in rats with and without metabolic syndrome the results suggest that these effects may be related to a tgmediated impairment of leptin CF and a protective mechanism to reduce lipidinduced tissue damage in patients with metabolic syndrome | MEDAL |
the female predominance among patients with SLE erythematosus and the protective effects of androgens in the murine lupus MM prompted us to assess the androgenic status of men with the disease save for minor abnormalities explained by treatment or RI normal serum testosterone luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone C2 were found hypogonadism or androgen deficiency was not evident | MEDAL |
renal ischemiareperfusion injury iri is a complex pathophysiologic process involving cell apoptosis and oxidant damages that leads to acute renal failure in both native kidneys and renal allografts pioglitazone is a novel class of oral antidiabetic agents currently used to treat type diabetes mellitus pioglitazone exerts protective effects on acute myocardial ischemia and acute cerebral ischemia the aim of this T0 was to investigate the possible beneficial effects of pioglitazone on renal iri in mice | MEDAL |
the analysis of stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen has been used as a fingerprint for understanding the trophic interactions of organisms most of these studies have been applied to freeliving organisms while parasites have largely been neglected studies dealing with parasites so far have assessed the carbon and nitrogen signatures in endoparasites or ectoparasites of different hosts without showing GA trends concerning the nutritional relationships within hostparasite associations moreover in most cases such systems involved a single host and parasite speciesible underlying molecular mechanisms MI of the bacterial mixture improved sit and faecal water content in constipated rats the upregulation of ckitsp signalling pathways in icc and aqp significantly contributed to improvements these changes were closely associated with the manipulation of intestinal dysbiosis in constipated rats furthermore our results revealed the important role of intestinal microbiota in affecting gut motility through regulation of serotonin biosynthesis this monoamine neurotransmitter secreted from EC cells upregulated both substance pneurokinin receptors pathway of icc and the expression of aqp in intestinal epithelial cells our T0 suggested that the disrupted microbiome in patients could be a potential therapeutic target for the improvement of constipation | MEDAL |
the Tat protein of human tlymphotropic virus i htlvi tax has been associated with the upregulation of several host cell genes including interleukin il the il receptoralpha ilralpha chain cd interferon gamma Th1 and RT necrosis factor tnf it has been proposed that an ilcd autocrine loop plays a part in maintaining the very high proviral loads often found in htlvi infection furthermore abnormal production of inflammatory cytokines might contribute to the pathogenesis of the inflammatory diseases associated with htlvi infection however there has been no T0 of the expression of these genes in freshly isolated peripheral blood MNC cells pbmcs naturally infected with htlvi in the present T0 flow cytometry was used to determine which cytokines are produced by freshly isolated pbmcs that spontaneously express the htlvi tax protein surprisingly the results show that intracellular tax expression is associated with rapid upregulation of Th1 but not tnf or il a proportion of htlviinfected cells express both Th1 and the surface markers of effector memory cells such cells are capable of migration through IP tissues and could therefore contribute to the inflammation seen in diseases such as htlviassociated myelopathytropical spastic paraparesis blood | MEDAL |
plasma ascorbic acid is decreased in women with the pregnancy disorder preeclampsia we used a mutant CS of rats osteogenic disorder shionogi dependent on dietary sources of vitamin c to investigate whether reduced intake of the vitamin would differentially affect vascular CF in latepregnant day and agematched virgin rats the animals were given either mgml of ascorbic acid AL in drinking water fully supplemented fs or mgml marginally supplemented ms fetal weights were lower in ms than fs rats whereas mean maternal weightse ADP gtp and the elongation AF eftu and efg the gene encoding rbba yhih has been cloned and the deduced protein sequence harbors two atpmotifs and one rnabinding motif and is homologous to the fungal ef here we describe the isolation and assay of a truncated form of the rbba protein that is SD to overproduction and purification chemical protection results show that the truncated rbba specifically protects nucleotide a on the s S1 of ribosomes and the protected site occurs at the esite where the trna is ejected upon asite occupation other weakly protected bases in the region occur at or near the mrna IB site using radiolabeled trnas we study the stimulating effect of this truncated rbba on the IB and release of different trnas bound to the aminoacyl a peptidyl p and exit esites of s ribosomes the combined data suggest plausible mechanisms for the CF of rbba in translation | MEDAL |
twentyone AD patients with severe diabetic ketoacidosis entered a randomized prospective protocol in which VL doses of sodium bicarbonate based on initial arterial ph to were administered to patients TG and were withheld from patients control group during treatment there were no significant differences in the rate of decline of gl or ketone C2 or in the rate of increase in ph or bicarbonate C2 in the blood or CSF fluid in either group similarly there were no significant differences in the time required for the plasma glucose level to reach mgdl blood ph to reach or bicarbonate level to reach meql we conclude that in severe diabetic ketoacidosis arterial ph to the administration of bicarbonate does not affect REC outcome variables as compared with those in a control group | MEDAL |
as a result of experience with more than pelviscopic operative procedures performed at the kiel university womens clinic from to which in this time had been adapted and used around the world it may be said that the pelviscopic operative techniques based CR on the laparotomy techniques which employ the microscissors needles and suture material is superior for many of the classical gynecological indications to operation minimally invasive surgery reduces hospitalization for even the most difficult cases to approximately days convalescence is also reduced to approximately week postoperative complaints are few particularly when the primary exudate is removed through an ABD drain late complications are practically unknown it must be said that even the most minimal of operative procedures can produce late postoperative complaints or can be ascribed as the source of late postoperative complaints experiences gathered from around the world with endoscopically guided intraabdominal surgery have shown that for some gynecological procedures laparotomy is now indicated only in the rare case the leading example of this switch can be seen in the operative treatment of the ectopic pregnancy following closely are operations to correct sterility such as salpingolysis ovariolysis fimbrioplasty and salpingostomy finally pelviscopic treatment is increasing for all benign ovarian tumors and the enucleation of myomas of up to grams in weight endoscopically guided IA surgery also has a place in the field of GA ABD surgerythat of treatment of chronic abdominal adhesions these procedures in the future should basically commence with endoscopic adhesiolysis the patient having had the proper preoperative bowel preparation because of this minimally invasive technique the surgeon will only rarely be forced to perform laparotomy in the case of abdominal adhesions a prerequisite for pelviscopic treatment is the visually controlled perforation of the peritoneum endoscopic surgery in contrast to open LS has a C1 periumbilical radius of action and produces no postoperative scars in kiel operative pelviscopy has replaced of the classic gynecological laparotomies the recurrence rate of adhesions is with LAP compared with a recurrence rate of less than with postendoscopic adhesiolysis forty to sixty percent of the patients who underwent pelviscopic adtranscription unit or expression site we show that the region kb upstream of the vsg gene in the ES on a mb chromosome contains at least two promoters that are arranged in tandem directing the transcription of the expression site dna rearrangement events occur specifically at inactivation of the ES and these events delete the most upstream transcribed region and replace it with a large array of simplesequence dna leaving the downstream promoter intact because of the placement of simplesequence dna the remaining downstream promoter now becomes structurally identical to previously described vsg promoters the downstream promoter is repetitive in the genome since it is present at several different expression sites restriction fragment length polymorphism mapping allows grouping of the ESs into two families those with and those without an upstream transcription unit and the dna rearrangement events convert the expression sites from one type to the other deletion of the upstream transcription unit also leads to the loss of several steadystate rnas the findings may indicate a role for promoterassociated dna rearrangement events andor interactions between tandemly arranged promoters in expression site transcriptional control | MEDAL |
the field theoretic renormalization group and operatorproduct expansion are applied to the model of a passive scalar quantity advected by a nongaussian velocity field with finite correlation time the velocity is governed by the navierstokes equation subject to an external random stirring force with the rho function proportional to deltat tkdepsilon it is shown that the scalar field is intermittent already for small epsilon its structure functions display anomalous scaling SMB and the corresponding exponents can be systematically calculated as series in epsilon the practical calculation is accomplished to order epsilon twoloop approximation including anisotropic sectors as for the wellknown kraichnan rapidchange MM the anomalous scaling results from the existence in the model of composite fields operators with negative scaling dimensions identified with the anomalous exponents thus the mechanism of the origin of anomalous scaling appears similar for the gaussian model with zero correlation time and the nongaussian model with finite rho time it should be emphasized that in contrast to gaussian velocity ensembles with finite rho time the model and the perturbation theory discussed here are manifestly galilean covariant the relevance of these results for real passive advection and comparison with the gaussian models and experiments are briefly discussed | MEDAL |
specimens of FA heads were studied at necropsy in two cases of leggcalveperthes disease one was that of a boy aged four years ten months who died from appendicitis the other was from a boy aged six years who died from a malignant glioma both had been treated for one and a half years for LCP disease which was in a stage of repair at the time of death the diseased FA heads were moderately flattened but the surface cartilage was intact epiphysial bone and bone marrow were partly replaced by cartilage fibrous tissue and granulation tissue and new bone was being formed inflammatory reaction was inconspicuous enchondral bone formation was only slightly decreased and the structure of the growth plate was undisturbed there was no sign of systemic bone disease in the first case the changes indicated that more than one episode of ischaemia had occurred and an occlusionprobably from an old thrombuswas demonstrated in the posterior inferior retinacular artery of the femoral head the last episode of ischaemia furthermore had caused infarction of part of the metaphysial bone in both cases the central area of the metaphysial bone of the affected femur contained fat but there were few haemopoietic cells and it therefore looked pale the findings are discussed in relation to previous work on the pathology in leggcalveperthes disease recent information on the vascularisation of the FA head in children and experimental and comparative animal studies | MEDAL |
bayraktar c ÅimÅek a evaluation of choroidal thickness measurements in pediatric obstructive SAS patients turk j pediatr choroidal vascular impairment and obstructive SA syndrome osas related disorders have been shown in adults but there have been no investigations with regard to the choroidal thickness measurements in children with osas our aim was to investigate this relationship in the early childhood period which correlates with osas peak incidence due to adenotonsillar enlargement onehundred and nine pediatric osas patients and agesex matched controls were enrolled in this T0 nocturnal pulse oximetry was used to define the osas patients demographic data like age sex and bodymass index were recorded all of the subjects underwent CR otolaryngologic and ophthalmologic examination including visual acuity intraocular pressure CCT axial length and choroidal thickness measurements overall the μm and μm nasal choroid measurements were found to be significantly lower in the patient group p however only a poor inverse rho emerged between the bodymass index bmi and the foveal center measurements in the patients observed alterations in the choroid may signify the initial impairment of known osasrelated eye disorders like glaucoma floppy eyelid syndrome and nonarteritic ION ophthalmologists otolaryngologists and pedctory limbic structures like the amygdala the entorhinal and the piriform cortices are closely involved in cognitive processes thus besides olfactory dysfunctions it is conceivable that the compromise of these structures can lead to cognitive impairment the olfactory bulb is affected by AS pathology in almost all cases of both parkinsons disease and DLB the clinical distinction between these disorders relies on the timing in the appearance of PSD in relationship to motor symptoms typically it occurs late in the course of FPD and within the first year in DLB the close anatomical proximity of the olfactory bulb with limbic regions together with the early occurrence of cognitive impairment that is observed in PSD with lewy bodies raise the question whether the propagation of alphasynuclein pathology in this condition might originate in the olfactory bulb spreading from there to other limbic structures and thereby reaching the associative neocortex this review will describe the anatomical basis of the olfactory system and discuss the evidence of potential spreading pathways from the olfactory bulb that could support the presence of early dementia in the setting of lewy body disorders | MEDAL |
polymorphonuclear WBCs pmn accumulating in airways of patients with cystic fibrosis cf as a response to chronic endobronchial bacterial lung infection release lysosomal serine proteinases such as pmnelastase at concentrations of approximately microm to microm into the airway lumen immunohistology of cf lung material and fluorescence G1 MACS analysis of sequential cf bronchoalveolar lavages demonstrated loss of the cd and cd ag on cd t lymphocytes in sputumfilled airways in cf sputum samples and of all cd t lymphocytes expressed cd cd and cd respectively incubation of cf sputum supernatant fluids with PBT lymphocytes resulted in total reduction of cd and cd but not cd addition of alpha proteinase inhibitor abolished surface ag cleavage completely purified pmnelastase and cat g cleaved cd cd and cd on PBT lymphocytes at proteinase concentrations of to microm in a dosedependent manner cleaved cd and cd were reexpressed on the surface of t lymphocytes T3 h in the absence of pmnelastase incubation of a cd t cell clone with pmnelastase lead to a significant reduction of cytotoxicity toward target cells and significantly reduced il and il production the results suggest a temporary PET impairment of t lymphocytes in foci of high inflammation characterized by stimulated pmn which may lower tissue destruction | MEDAL |
liver fatty acidbinding protein lfabp expression is modulated by developmental hormonal dietary and pharmacological AF the most pronounced induction is seen T3 treatment with peroxisome proliferators which induce lfabp coordinately with microsomal cytochrome p a and the enzymes of peroxisomal HFA betaoxidation these effects of PPs may be mediated by a receptor which has been shown to be G1 by peroxisome proliferators in mammalian cell transfection studies however the PPs tested thus far do not bind to this receptor known as the peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor ppar and its endogenous ligands also remain unknown peroxisome proliferators inhibit mitochondrial betaoxidation and one hypothesis is that the dicarboxylic fatty acid metabolites of accumulated lcfa formed via the p a omegaoxidation pathway serve as primary inducers of lfabp and peroxisomal betaoxidation we have tested this hypothesis in primary hepatocyte cultures exposed to clofibrate cf inhibition of p a markedly diminished via a pretranslational mechanism the cf induction of lfabp and peroxisomal betaoxidation in further experiments longchain dicarboxylic acids the final products of the p a omegaoxidation pathway but not lcfa induced lfabp and peroxisomal betaoxidation pretranslationally these results suggest a role in part for longchain dicarboxylic acids in mediating the peroxisome proliferator induction of lfabp and peroxisomal betaoxidation we also found that lcfa which undergo rapid HCC metabolism could become inducers of lfabp and peroxisomal betaoxidation under conditions where their metabolism was inhibitedabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the authors report a case of combined surgical and endovascular treatment of a traumatic PA of the innominate artery in which the left common i.c. originated from the brachiocephalic trunk T3 a conventional surgical intervention with the implantation of the left common i.a. on the LSA to correct the anatomic anomaly a safe and ERP endovascular stentgraft placement excluded the aneurysm this new technique proposes a good chance for polytraumatized patients to receive a better prognosis and a much faster rehabilitation | MEDAL |
the rotator interval between SS and subscapularis is proving to be an important anatomic and functional region of the shoulder appreciation of the anatomic structures functional importance and mechanisms of injury are invaluable in AGA assessment both by physical examination and diagnostic mr imaging the long biceps tendon the superior labrum and labralbiceps anchor the coracohumeral AL merging with the rotator interval capsule and the superior glenohumeral AL the ligamentous reflection pulley for the long biceps tendon at the far lateral margin of the interval extending to the lesser tuberosity and proximal bicipital groove bounded by the distal superior margin of the subscapularis and anterior SM of the supraspinatus tendons and the transverse humeral ligament extending between the lesser and greater tuberosities along the PT bicipital groove all are intimately associated in this region and may be injured together understanding of the anatomy and function of the rotator interval continues to evolve rotator interval injury may be better understood as a complex or spectrum rather than an isolated lesion when any one of the spectrum of associated injuries is suspected or found all of the other possible associated injuries should be considered and evaluated both on clinical and mr imaging evaluations | MEDAL |
how often does outofpocket payment opp for assisted reproduction techniques art with conventional ovarian stimulation result in catastrophic expenditure for households | MEDAL |
to evaluate the efficacy of oral acyclovir in treating stromal keratitis caused by herpes simplex virus hsv in patients receiving concomitant topical corticosteroids and trifluridine | MEDAL |
retrospective review was undertaken of patients with occult papillary carcinoma of the thyroid lesions less than or equal to cm in diameter who were operated on at the mayo clinic rochester minn between and mean followup period was years operations were conservative no patient underwent BL total lobectomy for patients with CL node involvement lymphadenectomy generally involved selective node excision or modified neck dissection subsequent surgery was required in patients modified RND was necessary in only four no operative deaths occurred longterm followup showed that all patients were alive and without disease or were dead without proof of thyroidrelated disease thus occult PTC thyroid carcinoma with or without nodal metastasis is a nonlethal and curable disease when treated by conservative surgical means radical surgical or medical extirpation of all thyroid tissue is unnecessary in the treatment of this disease | MEDAL |
twentyfour weeks administration of interferonalpha has been performed to patients of CHB as the result complete or PR reached to so that it was considered to be ERP therapy for chronic hepatitis b by the investigation of behaviors of hbvdna the reduction of hbvdna below x copyml during the administration of interferon was considered to be one essential factor for inducing the effectiveness of interferon though lamivudine which has a strong antiviral effect has been permitted interferon is still considered as the good indication for relative young patients who do not have T3 hepatic fibrosis as a newly strategy for the patients with high titer of hbvdna or breakthrough hepatitis the ACT of interferon and lamivudine will be expected | MEDAL |
a yearold male was admitted on oct because of productive cough and dyspnea he worked for an iron factory where pneumoconiosis was regarded as an occupational disease for years no abnormal finding had been noted on his mass screening chest roentgenograms he was well until three years ago when hypertension and parkinsonism were noted since then he was treated with beta blockers LD amantadine and bromocriptine two weeks before admission he suddenly complained of dyspnea and productive cough his chest roentgenograms showed diffuse reticulonodular infiltration in both lung fields the partial pressure of oxygen of the arterial blood was torr the first transbronchial lung biopsy obtained from RA b on sept before the admission revealed some epithelioid granulomas and the second biopsy obtained from right b on oct demonstrated bronchiolar edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells fibrotic changes associated with carbon dust between airways and vessels were also noted lymphocyte stimulation index by bromocriptine was and that by AMA LD respectively T3 ceasing the administration of bromocriptine productive cough dyspnea and the reticulonodular shadows diminished gradually these findings strongly suggest that the interstitial pulmonary lesions are bromocriptineinduced interstitial pneumonitis his occupational exposure to inorganic dust may be a predisposing factor | MEDAL |
HC virus hcv replicates its genome in a membraneassociated replication complex composed of viral proteins replicating rna and altered cellular CM we describe here hcv replicons that allow the direct visualization of functional hcv replication complexes viable replicons selected from a library of tnmediated random insertions in the coding sequence of nonstructural protein a nsa allowed the ID of two CS near the nsa c terminus that tolerated insertion of heterologous sequences replicons encoding green fluorescent protein gfp at these locations were only moderately impaired for hcv rna replication expression of the nsagfp F0 protein could be demonstrated by immunoblot indicating that the gfp was retained during rna replication and did not interfere with hcv polyprotein processing more importantly expression levels were robust enough to allow direct visualization of the FP by fluorescence microscopy nsagfp appeared as brightly fluorescing dotlike structures in the cytoplasm by confocal laser scanning microscopy nsagfp colocalized with other hcv nonstructural proteins and nascent viral rna indicating that the dotlike structures identified as membranous webs by electron microscopy represent functional hcv replication complexes these findings reveal an unexpected flexibility of the CT domain of nsa and provide tools for studying the formation and turnover of hcv replication complexes in living cells | MEDAL |
arterial beta si and reflection index ri from digital pulse contour analysis have been shown to be good measures of arterial stiffness and may be useful in the DUE of EC CF finger skin temperature fst is also considered to reflect IP circulatory functions we evaluated the reproducibility of si ri and fst before and after the exercise stress test | MEDAL |
acidic fibroblast growth factor afgf in rat csf increased times in the h period after FI or ip or icv glucose infusion the icv application of afgf dose dependently depresses and antiafgf antibody facilitates food NI afgf is produced in the ependymal cells and released into the csf in response to increased gl in the csf caused by food intake released afgf diffused into the brain parenchyma and was taken up into neurons in the hypothalamus hippocampus amygdala etc ip injection of glucose h before a task that combined acquisition with PA significantly increased retention of avoidance by mice tested h later in a MWM task ip glucose injection h before a first trial block reduced time to find and climb onto a platform hidden just below the water surface the gl facilitation of these affective and spatial memory were abolished by pretreatment with antiafgf antibody applied icv continuous icv infusion of afgf into rats also significantly increased the reliability of PA for several days after food NI centrally released afgf reaches the hippocampus and facilitates SM peripherally released cholecystokinin reaches the endings of the afferent vagal nerves in the portal vein and changes their activity which modulates hippocampal activity to lead to memory facilitation this however is blocked by vagotomy below the diaphragm the results indicate the importance of FI not only to maintain homeostasis but also to prepare a readiness state for SM facilitation | MEDAL |
to investigate the relationships between pharmacologically induced deprivation of dihydrotestosterone sexual arousal libido and hand preference by comparing the selfreported sexual response prior to and during reception of the antiandrogen finasteride in men undergoing treatment for male pattern baldness | MEDAL |
critical points were computed to determine the minimum field of view fov size required for efficient navigation navigation performance in normally sighted subjects was assessed using an immersive VE subjects were instructed to walk through a virtual forest to a target tree as quickly as possible without hitting any obstacles trees boulders and holes the navigation task was performed in three fov and image contrast conditions under binocular monocular chromatic and achromatic viewing conditions fov was constricted to degrees degrees and degrees diameter and average image contrast was nominally high medium and low navigation performance was scored as RL in walk initiation walk time to reach goal and the number of obstacle contacts the results revealed a linear relationship between log fov and the two time measures log RL and log walk time the slopes of the linear regressions for log latency and log walk time ranged between and critical points were computed from the nonlinear relationships found between the number of obstacle contacts and fov the critical points for efficient navigation were fovs of degrees degrees and degrees diam for low medium and high image contrast C2 respectively highlighting the importance of contrast on the size of the fov required for efficient navigation neither binocularity nor image chromaticity significantly affected navigation performance the findings of this study have important implications in the design and prescription of head mounted displays intended to augment navigation performance | MEDAL |
the third of a series of articles concludes the unique role of the district nurse district nurses are proud of their profession and seek to demonstrate their advanced skills through further case scenarios as government policy continues to expect HCPs to keep patients in the community who have complex health and social care needs district nursing is the obvious profession that remainss constant in ever changing times | MEDAL |
women with FHA are anovulatory because of reduced gonadotropinreleasing hormone drive several studies have documented hypercortisolemia which suggests that PET hypothalamic amenorrhea is stressinduced further with REC resumption of ovulation cortisol decreased and gonadotropinreleasing hormone drive increased corticotropinreleasing hormone can increase cortisol and decrease gonadotropinreleasing hormone to determine its role in FHA we measured corticotropinreleasing hormone in CSF fluid along with Arg vasopressin another potent ACTH secretagog and betaendorphin which is released by corticotropinreleasing hormone and can inhibit gonadotropinreleasing hormone | MEDAL |
we determined a complete genome CS of the korean field CS kumc of human adenovirus type hadv and performed comparative genome analyses interestingly hadv has a distinct genomic CS for the fiber cds region on average of nucleotide sequd by emaciation lethargy and heavy barnacle coverage although histopathological findings associated with this condition have been reported only limited data is available on health variables with clinical application the objectives of this study were to to compare morphometrics clinicopathological variables and immune functions of dts to a group of apparently healthy loggerhead turtles to better understand the pathophysiology of the condition and to assess health parameters in live debilitated turtles as they recovered during rehabilitation in order to identify potential prognostic indicators we examined and sampled dts stranded from north carolina to florida for health variables using standardized protocols to further characterize the condition dts were grouped into categories of severity of the condition and those that survived were sampled at four time points through rehabilitation all CG and time points were compared among dts and to clinically healthy loggerhead turtles compared to healthy turtles dts had significantly lower body condition index packed cell volume pcv total WG blood cell wbc count lymphocytes glucose glc total protein all protein fractions as determined by electrophoresis calcium ca phosphorus p cap ratio potassium k LP and greater heterophil toxicity and leftshifting UA ua aspartate aminotransferase creatine kinase lysozyme and RB from admission to recovery hematology and plasma chemistry data improved as expected the most informative prognostic indicators as determined by correlations with a novel severity indicator based on survival times were plastron concavity p albumin total solids ua LP wbc k glc cap and pcv the results of this T0 document the wide range and extent of morphometric and metabolic derangements in chronically debilitated turtles monitoring morphometrics and clinicopathological variables of these animals is essential for diagnosis treatment and prognosis during rehabilitation | MEDAL |
hereditary hemochromatosis hh is a genetic metabolic disease characterized by increased intestinal iron absorption and progressive iron loading in the cells of various organs human body iron homeostasis involves a number of complicated processes some of which are not identified yet genetic analysis of patients affected by hh recently led to the discovery of many novel proteins and mechanisms that can influence the uptake transport storage and excretion of iron it also showed that hemochromatosis is a very complex disease and that the type of mutation can influence its clinical manifestation this review presents the current knowledge about the mechanisms of iron metabolism and describes the types of hereditary hemochromatosis and the mutations which induce the disease | MEDAL |
biomimetic polymethacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine polympc brushes with graft density chainsnm and chain length monomer units were prepared from silicon wafer surfaces by combining selfassembly of initiator and surfaceinitiated atom transfer radical polymerization atrp water CA XPS and atomic force microscopy were used to characterize the modified surfaces these surfaces with wellcontrolled polympc brushes were tested for protein repelling performance fibrinogen adsorption from trisbuffered saline at ph decreased significantly with increasing VG density andor chain length of polympc and reached a level of ngcm at graft density or pneumonia has a clinically diverse spectrum that ranges from relatively mild CAP to potentially fatal severe pneumonia with MSOF all cases were confirmed by SC and direct FL antibody staining or indirect immunofluorescent antibody tests proven or putative sources of l SG infections in patients included a contaminated whirlpool spa filter and river water an environmental source was not found in the remaining cases environmental cultures yielded only other l pneumophila serogroups or nonpneumophila legionella species we describe the clinical and laboratory features of l pneumophila serogroup infections l pneumophila serogroup pneumonia is rarely reported but it may be an underrecognized pathogenic serogroup of l pneumophila | MEDAL |
in patients with deep vein thrombosis dvt the factors which predispose to concomitant symptomatic pulmonary embolism pe have remained uncertain from a prospective cohort of consecutive patients with ultrasoundconfirmed dvt we analyzed patients with a known status for presence n or absence n of symptomatic pe age and gender were similar in dvt plus pe years men and dvt patients years men body mass index bmi was higher in patients with dvt plus pe median range kgm than in patients with dvt median range kgm p chronic lung disease vs p a personal PH of pe vs p and a family history of dvt or pe vs p were more frequent in dvt plus pe patients twentyseven percent of dvt plus pe patients received prophylaxis prior to the thromboembolic event compared with of dvt patients p proximal dvt or ci prior pe or ci obesity bmi kgm or ci chronic lung disease or ci as well as omission of prophylaxis or ci emerged as independent predictors of concomitant symptomatic pe | MEDAL |
among the neuronal IB partners of calmodulin cam are munc proteins as essential presynaptic regulators that play a key role in synaptic vesicle priming and are crucial for presynaptic ST STDP recent nmr structural investigations of a cammunc peptide complex have revealed an extended structure which contrasts the compact structures of most CP camtarget complexes this unusual IB mode is thought to be related to the presence of an additional hydrophobic anchor residue at position of the cam IB motif of munc resulting in a novel motif here we addressed the question whether the cam binding motif is a muncrelated feature or whether it can be induced in other cam targets by altering the motifs core residues for this purpose we chose skeletal muscle S1 light chain kinase skmlck with a CP cam binding motif and constructed three skmlck peptide SCV mimicking munc in which the hydrophobic anchor amino acid at position was moved to position chemical crosslinking between cam and skmlck peptide variants combined with highresolution mass spectrometry yielded insights into the peptides IB modes this structural comparison together with complementary IB data from surface plasmon resonance experiments revealed that skmlck variants with an artificial motif cannot mimic cam IB of munc apparently additional features apart from the spacing of the hydrophobic anchor residues are required to define the functional motif of munc we conclude that munc proteins display a unique cam IB SMB to fulfill their role as efficient presynaptic calcium sensors over broad range of ca concentrations | MEDAL |
trypanosoma cruzi is the etiological agent of chagas disease affecting approximately million people in the americas and with some million people at risk the objective of this T0 was to evaluate the antit cruzi activity of three new diamidines that have a ethylenedioxy extension of the thiophene core designated mb mb and mb all three diamidines exhibited dosedependent inhibition of epimastigote replication the mechanisms of action of these diamidines were investigated unlike mb and mb mb exhibited a significant increase in the number of annexinpropidium iodide doublelabeled cells compared to levels in control parasites as mb had shown a lower GABA concentration ic against epimastigote growth the mechanism of action of this drug was studied in more detail mb triggered a decrease in the intracellular atp C2 as a consequence mb affected the genomic dna and kinetoplast dna kdna and impaired the parasite Tc moreover mb caused dna fragmentation with a more severe effect on kdna than on nuclear dna resulting in dyskinetoplastic cells mb was tested for toxicity and effectiveness for the treatment of INF chok cells exhibiting a cytotoxic concentration cc of ± μm and an ic of ± μm against trypomastigote release mb also diminished the infection index by at μm in conclusion despite belonging to the same family these diamidines have different efficiencies to summarize mb was the most potent of these diamidines against epimastigotes producing dna damage preferentially in kdna impairing the parasite Tc and decreasing the infection index and trypomastigote PR from INF rat host cells with a high selectivity index si these data suggest that mb could be an interesting lead compound against t cruzi | MEDAL |
a crucial event in the process of apoptosis is caspasedependent generation of truncated bid tbid inducing PR of cytochrome c in an in vitro reconstitution system we combined purified recombinant tbid with isolated liver mitochondria and identified the released proteins using a proteomic matrixassisted laser desorption ionization postsource decay maldipsd approach in order to meet physiological conditions the concentration of tbid was chosen such that it was unable to induce cytochrome c PR in mitochondria derived from liverspecific bcltransgenic mice several mitochondrial proteins were identified to be released in a tbiddependent way among which cytochrome c diablosmac adenylate kinase acylcoabinding protein endonuclease g polypyrimidine tractbinding protein a typei rna helicase a wd repeatcontaining protein and the serine protease omi WB confirmed the absence of adenylate kinase a matrix mitochondrial protein these results demonstrate that a physiologically relevant concentration of tbid is sufficient to induce PR of particular intermembrane mitochondrial proteins belonging to a broad molecularmass range | MEDAL |
spermatozoa of oncorhynchus mykiss have the enzymatic capacity for glycolysis for triglyceride and phospholipid catabolism and triglyceride synthesis they lack glucosidase activity and are therefore not able to utilize PSs as energy resources in motile spermatozoa glycolysis occurs during the first s of motility andwhen motility is initiated in a physiological saline solutiontriglyceride catabolism is used for the regeneration of atp C2 T3 motility has ended when immotile spermatozoa are incubated with the SP or in physiological saline solution they behave simiars the patient was treated conservatively without any sign of healing T3 operation where curettage and autogenousbone grafting were performed the scaphoid healed completely biopsy revealed enchondroma | MEDAL |
a yearold woman was suffered from an increasing headache with nausea and vomiting for nine days she had received danazol mg daily for EM last two months ct scan and neurological examinations revealed no evidence of abnormality mri showed isosignal intensity on tweighted images and high signal intensity on tweighted images in the superior sagittal RA transverse sigmoid and straight sinuses suggesting thrombosis with angiography we confirmed extensive dural sinus thrombosis in the superior sagittal straight RA transverse and sigmoid sinuses she then developed progressing neurological deterioration with dysarthria and drowsy microcatheter was placed directly into the thrombus at dural sinus via transfemoral route TT with urokinase was performed in RA transverse confluens sinuum superior sagittal and straight sinuses successful recanalization with remarkable improvement of PS was achieved except RA transverse sinus we believe danazol played a role in the occurrence of DST mri and mrv were noninvasive and useful for diagnosis and followup of DST direct thrombolysis should be considered for dural sinus thrombosis especially when clinical PS are rapidly deterioration with conventional ACT | MEDAL |
gad is common often follows a chronic course and usually is associated with extensive psychiatric and medical comorbidity this disorder often presents in a primary care setting commonly with somatic PS it is important for PCPs to be aware of its existence forms of presentation and different treatments gad appears to be twice as common in women than men there is some evidence that the neurobiologic basis of gad may involve abnormalities in neurochemical neuroendocrine neurophysiologic and neuroanatomic AF research on psychosocial treatment of gad has favored the combination of cognitive therapy and EC50 techniques or anxiety management training it also appears that relapse rates T3 termination of cognitivebehavioral therapy are low taking into consideration that gad generally is chronic and associated frequently with depressive PS the ideal pharmacotherapy may be a drug that can treat these comorbid disorders adequately new ADs especially those with action in the serotonin system and possibly NE may be the AGA option they not only treat anxiety but also treat or prevent the development of comorbid depression they should be ERP ideally during prolonged periods without risks related to addiction or withdrawal such as may happen with benzodiazepines and some ADs the role of newly emerging drugs such as some anticonvulsants in gad needs to be defined more clearly more research is warranted to address issues such as whether pharmacotherapy is as ERP less effective or more effective than cognitivebehavioral therapy whether antidepressants improve the rate of wellness or remission and whether prolonged antidepressant therapy for gad protects against later emergent depression | MEDAL |
bisphenol a bpa is an environmental contaminant widely used in the plastic industry bpa has been demonstrated to be an endocrine disruptor and has an adverse effect on the embryonic development of mammals however the mechanism of action of bpa is limited in this study we investigated the role and mechanism of bpa in porcine embryonic development first the parthenotes were treated with different concentrations of bpa we found that blastocyst formation was impaired and the parthenotes were arrested at the cell stage T3 treatment with μm bpa second ros increased following the addition of bpa which further caused mitochondrial damage and cytochrome c was released from the mitochondria to induce apoptosis the adaptive response was demonstrated through lc immunofluorescence IF and by assessing autophagyrelated mRNA in addition bpa caused dna damage through the pp signaling pathway thus our results indicate that bpa displays an adverse effect on porcine early embryonic OD through mitochondrial and dna damage | MEDAL |
pregnancy increases stress on the circulation of parturient with MS secondary to RHD and increases the risk of peripartum HF especially during delivery this T0 investigated the epidural anesthesia management for cesarean section in Pr women with RHD and mitral stenosis | MEDAL |
contrastenhanced TCD ctcd is a reliable and reproducible method for righttoleft shunt rls PCD with high sensitivity monitoring the middle cerebral i.a. mca is an optimal choice yet for patients with insufficient temporal bone windows or severe stenosis of carotid arteries an alternative should be established the aim of the present study was to further establish whether ctcd with vertebral artery va monitoring is as ERP as mca monitoring for rls detection we evaluated subjects for rls PCD with va and mca monitoring simultaneously there was no significant difference between the positive rates of va and mca monitoring for rls detection ctcd with va monitoring could be an alternative for rls PCD with high sensitivity and specificity both at rest and during the valsalva manoeuvre | MEDAL |
to investigate the application of rigid internal fixation in mandibular reconstruction with autogenous bone and to evaluate its efficacy | MEDAL |
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