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we report the case of a yearold woman presenting with nocturnal episodes of pain and screaming during sleep starting at age there was no childhood or family history of parasomnia the events had gradually become more frequent over the years occurring in the first half of the night within h of sleep ON there were no triggers and she had partial amnesia for the events a diagnosis of AO sleep terrors was made on clinical grounds and supported polysomnographically seizures and PLMs were excluded as triggering AF there was some mild sleep disordered PLB predominantly nondesaturating hypopnea with a propensity for rem sleep of debatable significance imaging of the brain and spine and neurophysiological investigations ruled out lesions entrapments or neuropathies as possible causes of pain treatment clonazepam paroxetine or gabapentin was poorly tolerated and made no difference to the nocturnal episodes while trazodone worsened them this is the first report of hypnopompic psychic pain in association with a nrem parasomnia we hypothesize that the pain may represent a sensory hallucination analogous to the more commonly recognized visual nrem parasomniaassociated hypnopompic visual hallucinations and that as such it may arise during arousal of the sensory neocortex as confabulatory response
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for decades central european countries have been interested in preventive dentistry water fluoridation played a major role in the former german democratic and czechoslovak republics and a minor one in poland these schemes were abandoned T3 extensive research on all aspects of salt fluoridation was conducted in hungary from to but attempts to introduce it in the country have had little success salt fluoridation was implemented in the czech and the slovak republics in the midnineties the market share of the fluoridated domestic salt appears to have reached in the CR it became eventually part of a preventive strategy comprising schoolbased dental HE including topical fluoride another four countries have been considering salt fluoridation but schemes did not materialize antifluoridation MICs occasionally impeded caries prevention and for years some respected dentists declared their position against fluorides DMFT in yearold children is by to dmft higher than in western europe for many years to come modern fluoridecontaining toothpastes and dentifrices may not be affordable for the lower socioeconomic strata of the populations in central and eastern europe it is concluded that salt fluoridation which is by far the cheapest means of lowering caries prevalence could markedly improve the oral health situation even if the economical situation is slow to improve
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cervical carcinomas consist of RT cell nests surrounded by varying amounts of intratumoral stroma containing different quantities and types of immune cells besides controlling epithelial cell growth the multifunctional cytokine transforming growth factorbeta tgfbeta is involved in the formation of stroma and EM ecm and in IS several HM are known to be associated with enhanced production of tgfbeta repression or mutation of tgfbeta TM receptors or mutations at the postreceptor intracellular signaling pathway the aim of our T0 was to investigate the role of RT cellderived tgfbeta on the amount of intratumoral stroma the deposition of CIV fibronectin and laminin and the RT infiltrate in C2 carcinoma the expression of tgfbeta mrna in paraffinembedded cervical carcinomas was detected by mrna in situ hybridization immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the amount of tumor stroma and ecm proteins and the extent of the RT infiltrate plasminogen activator inhibitor pai protein expression in RT cells was determined to verify the biological activity of tgfbeta cytoplasmatic tgfbeta mrna expression in tumor cells was significantly correlated with the amount of intratumoral stroma and the deposition of collagen iv tgfbeta mrna expression in every RT was accompanied by pai expression indicating biological activity of tgfbeta an inverse relationship between tgfbeta mrna expression in tumor cells and the extent of the tumor infiltrate was demonstrated our results indicate that cervical CA cells affect the amount and the composition of the intratumoral stroma and the RT infiltrate by the production and secretion of tgfbeta
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there is little evidence that the addition of interpretative comments to biochemistry reports can influence outcome for patients interpretative comments on thyroid function test tft requests were introduced in hull in august providing the opportunity to determine whether feedback on hypothyroid patients taking thyroxine could lead to a reduction in the proportion whose thyroxine was inadequately replaced
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the rasmapk syndromes are a group of clinically and genetically related disorders caused by dysregulation of the rasmapk pathway a member of this group of disorders noonan syndrome ns is associated with several different genes within the rasmapk pathway to date mutations in ptpn sos kras raf and shoc are known to cause ns and a small group of patients harbour mutations in braf mek or nras the majority of the mutations are predicted to cause an upregulation of the pathway hence they are gainoffunction mutations despite recent advances in gene identification in ns the genetic aetiology is still unknown in about of patients to investigate the contribution of gene dosages possible to see them evolve lower immunocompetence than females this and other counterintuitive results highlight the importance of ecological feedbacks in the evolution of immune defences while this T0 focuses on sexspecific NK selection it could easily be extended to include sexual selection and thus help to understand the interplay between the two processes
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to date june spastic cerebral palsy cp patients have taken part in a double blind T0 testing the safety and efficacy of chronic cerebellar stimulation ccs for reduction of spasticity and improvement in CF seven us surgical centers involving ten neurosurgeons have implanted the neurolith cerebellar stimulator supplied by pacesetter systems inc sylmar ca a pilot study was run with three patients at stanford university stanford ca using tapedon real strong and dummy weak magnets to control the onoff status following the pilot T0 a magnetically controllable switch was placed in line between the neurolith stimulator and the cerebellar lead to allow more reliable switching sequences for the study the test battery included joint angle measurements passive and AS motor performance testing reaction time hand dynamometry grooved peg board placement handfoot tapping and rotary pursuit testing testing only was done at presurgery testing and onoff switching was performed following REC from surgery and at one two and four months T3 four months the switch was left turned on of the patients using the implanted switch were dropped from the T0 and seven are still in progress of the dropped from the T0 four were due to switch problems and three were due to double blind protocol violations ie the participants discovered the CS- status the remaining four were removed because of a broken lead infection or unrelated medical problems or refusal to participate T3 implant a preliminary analysis indicated that threequarters of the patients have a demonstrable quantitative improvement during the time the stimulation was on three patients showed no significant change
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eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis egpa which was previously called CSS is a necrotizing SV of unknown cause accompanied by prominent eosinophilia cardiovascular complications including eosinophilic myocarditis are a major cause of mortality in this disorder acute pericarditis with slight pericardial effusion is a typical manifestation in egpa though hemodynamically significant pericardial effusion has been reported in a few cases we report a case that initially presented with isolated cardiac tamponade which was followed by systemic manifestations of egpa over weeks including the present case previous egpa cases with cardiac tamponade are reviewed to delineate its clinical characteristics
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lipidlowering agents are used with the purpose of ameliorating hyperlipoproteinemias in order to prevent arterial disease lipidlowering drugs can be classified into absorbable agents and into nonabsorbable compounds acting within the gastrointestinal lumen absorbable drugs fibric acids nicotinic acid probucol hmgcoa reductase inhibitors reduce plasma verylowdensity lipoproteins vldl andor LDLs ldl by a variety of mechanisms fibric acids in particular act by stimulating the catabolism of vldl and also as a consequence improving ldl delipidation thus favoring receptor uptake nicotinic acid and acipimox interfere with the biosynthesis of ldl and can also improve the clearance of vldlldl probucol acts by a newly described mechanism ie accelerating reverse transport of CEs from highdensity lipoproteins to lowerdensity lipoproteins finally hmgcoa reductase inhibitors interfering with the biosynthesis of cholesterol can induce an increased expression of liver highaffinity lipoprotein receptors nonabsorbable agents anionexchange resins neomycin betasitosterol interrupt the recirculation of bile acids andor reduce the absorption of cholesterol with the gut they display a selective activity on hypercholesterolemia again by increasing ldl receptor expression the choice of one or more lipidlowering agents will depend upon the patients phenotype determining responsiveness to the pharmacological treatment
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ROS species ros produced by the phagocyte nadph oxidase nox are required for microbial clearance however when produced in excess they exacerbate inflammatory response and injure surrounding tissues nox is a multicomponent enzyme composed of membraneassociated cytochrome b and cytosolic components p
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sympathetic and parasympathetic influences on heart rate hr which are governed by baroreflex mechanisms are integrated at the cardiac sinus node through hyperpolarizationactivated cyclic nucleotidegated channels hcn we hypothesized that hcn blockade with ivabradine selectively attenuates hr and baroreflex hr regulation leaving baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity IN
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cancer cells commonly have a high rate of telomere loss even when expressing telomerase contributing to chromosome instability and tumor cell progression this review addresses the hypothesis that this high rate of telomere loss results from a combination of four factors the first factor is an increase in the frequency of doublestrand breaks dsb at fragile sites in cancer cells due to replication AS the second factor is that telomeres are fragile CS the third factor is that subtelomeric regions are highly sensitive to dsbs so that dsbs near telomeres have an increased probability of resulting in chromosome instability the fourth factor is that CA cells may be deficient in chromosome healing the de novo addition of telomeres to the CS of dsbs a mechanism that prevents CIN resulting from dsbs near telomeres understanding these factors and how they influence telomere loss will provide important insights into the mechanisms of chromosome instability and the development of novel approaches for anticancer therapy CA res c aacr
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convectionenhanced delivery of fusion proteins is a novel therapeutic approach for patients with relapsed or refractory highgrade gliomas multiple different F0 proteins have been produced that target different receptors on BB tumor cells the sensitivity of different gliomas to F0 proteins has been shown to depend in part on the expression of the target receptor we undertook a comparative T0 of the presence of the epidermal growth factor receptor egfr interleukin receptor ilr interleukin receptor ilr and transferrin receptor tfr determined by immunofluorescence microscopy among fresh frozen tumor samples from patients with highgrade gliomas glioblastoma multiforme or anaplastic astrocytoma the frequency of high receptor expression was of for egfr of for ilr of for tfr and of for ilr CR of normal brain EC was observed for tfr and reactivity of normal BB astrocytes was observed for ilr because of crossreactivity of interleukin with the ilrilralpha receptor we infer CR of interleukin with normal astrocytes in contrast egfr was not observed in normal brain a number of patients of patients showed unequal expression of egfr and ilr thus some patients may benefit more from interstitial therapy with an egfrdirected FP than from therapy with an ilrdirected fusion protein and vice versa the safety profile may be improved with an agent directed to egfr versus agents directed to tfr ilr or ilr design of PCTs of F0 proteins in patients with BT may be enhanced by inclusion of relevant receptor density measurements
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this review summarizes what is currently known about the role of integrins in the V1 myogenic response the myogenic response is the rapid and maintained constriction of a blood vessel in response to pressure elevation a role for integrins in this process has been suggested because these molecules form an important mechanical link between the EM and the V1 smooth muscle cytoskeleton we briefly summarize evidence for a general role of integrins in mechanotransduction we then describe the Int S1 combinations known to exist in smooth muscle and the vascular wall matrix proteins that may interact with these integrins we then discuss the effects of integrinspecific peptides and antibodies on vascular tone and on calcium entry mechanisms in V1 smooth muscle because Int CF is linked to the CSK we discuss evidence for the role of the CSK in determining myogenic responsiveness finally we analyze evidence that integrinlinked signaling pathways such as those involving protein tyrosine phosphorylation cascades and mitogenactivated protein kinases are required for MT
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obtaining blood pressure measurements with traditional sphygomanometry that are insensitive and nonspecific can fail to provide an accurate assessment of patient status particularly in specific clinical scenarios of acute reduction in CE blood volume such as hemorrhage or orthostatic testing this paper provides a review of newly emerging monitoring technologies that are being developed and integrated to improve patient diagnosis by using collection and feature SE in real time of arterial waveforms by machinelearning algorithms with assessment of continuous noninvasively measured arterial waveforms machinelearning algorithms have been developed with the capability to predict cardiovascular collapse with accuracy and a rho of between the time of predicted and actual cardiovascular collapse eg shock syncope using a human MM of progressive CE hypovolemia the resulting capability to obtain earlihe evaluation of the symptom was used he frequency scale for the symptom of gerd in categories total score of questions score related to reflux symptoms and score related to dyspeptic symptoms and the DUE of the quality of life was use the item short form health survey in categories the PCS and mental component summary score all patients administered rabeprazole mgday for weeks we investigated the correlation between symptomatic improvement with proton pump inhibitor and SQ of life significant symptomatic improvement was seen in the total score of questions ± â ± p score related to reflux symptoms ± â ± p and score related to dyspeptic symptoms ± â ± p significant improvement in quality of life was seen in the physical component summary score ± â ± p and mental component summary score ± â ± p with proton pump inhibitor with proton pump inhibitor a significant positive correlation was seen between the improvement rates in total score of questions score related to dyspeptic symptoms and in mental component summary score at weeks total score of questions r p score related to dyspeptic symptoms r p in conclusion SQ of life was associated with improvement in dyspeptic PS with proton pump inhibitor treatment
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distal metastases are classically situated below the knee or elbow however metastases of the extremities wrist and hand or ankle and foot have etiological and histological characteristics we report one case of bone metastasis and one case of soft tissue metastasis the distal bone metastases are often solitary bronchial cancers represent the most frequent cause of distal metastases of all cases they are responsible for of distal metastases of the UL and more often occurs as a squamous CA their localization may sometimes reveal a bronchial cancer and so allow curative surgery the metastases of soft tissue are exceptional in the literature only cases of soft tissue metastasis of bronchopulmonary CA are described clinically it is a painful swelling preserving the under lying bone the prognosis is always one of bronchial metastasis cancer with an average survival of months
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serotonin ht receptors are primarily expressed in the CNS system and to an even further extent brain regions responsible for learning and SM recent studies have demonstrated ht receptor involvement in pathophysiological processes highlighting their therapeutic possibilities most research concerning the effects of ht receptor modulation has focused on blockade despite paradoxical findings that ht agonists and antagonists can both have procognitive effects the current experiments examine the effects of the ht receptor agonist emd on behavioral flexibility and WM cblj mice received systemic injections of either or mgkg emd before being tested on probabilistic reversal learning SA and locomotor activity in the probabilistic reversal learning task the high dose of mgkg significantly impaired performance requiring more trials to reach criterion the same dose significantly increased perseverative type errors suggesting that the probabilistic reversal learning impairment was due to an inability to inhibit the previously learned choice DP rather than maintaining the new optimal choice pattern acute emd administration at mgkg significantly impaired SA performance while the high dose of mgkg did not reach significance these learning impairments were not due to an overall locomotor impairment as evidenced by comparable locomotor activity scores acute systemic ht receptor activation with emd led to impaired SMB flexibility and WM performance current findings support previous research suggesting that novel therapeutics directed at down regulation of ht receptors may be ERP in attenuating WM and behavioral flexibility impairments commonly found in neuropsychiatric disorders such as alzheimers and schizophrenia
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the shortcircuit current isc was measured as an index of active net sodium transport across the isolated toad skin under various hydrostatic pressures up to ata upon compression the baseline isc increased transiently during the first min by microacm congruent to and then decreased continuously leveling off at min under pressure the latter decrease in baseline isc p less than at all pressures was pressure dependent and its magnitude was microacm inhibition at ata similarly the transepithelial electric potential difference pd tended to increase slightly during the early phase of compression and decreased during the steadystate phase of compression the transepithelial resistance r calculated from pdisc ratios generally increased under pressure the addition of vasotocin to the inside bathing medium resulted in an increase in isc and pd and a reduction in r at all pressures the magnitude of peak isc response to vasotocin was microacm at pressures up to ata but decreased to microacm at ata less than p less than as compared to the response at ata on the other hand the stimulatory effect of mm cyclic adenosine monophosphate camp added to the inside bathing medium on isc was not affected by pressure between and ata from these results it is postulated that the inhibition of baseline na transport under high hydrostatic pressure may be primarily due to a decrease in the outer membrane permeability to na rather than an inhibition of the nakatpase
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we present here how two CAA residues in the first helix distal from the main dimer interface modulate the dimerization and activity of a geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase ggpps the enzyme catalyzes condensation of FPP and isopentenyl diphosphate to generate a c product as a precursor for chlorophylls carotenoids and geranylgeranylated proteins the d structure of ggpps from saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals an unique positioning of the nterminal helix a which protrudes into the other S1 and stabilizes dimerization although it is far from the main dimer interface through a series of mutants that were characterized by analytic ultracentrifugation auc the replacement of l and i at this helix with gly was found sufficient to disrupt the dimer into a monomer leading to at least fold reduction in activity molecular dynamics simulations and free SE decomposition analyses revealed the possible effects of the mutations on the protein structures and several critical interactions for maintaining dimerization further sitedirected mutagenesis and auc studies elucidated the molecular mechanism for modulating dimerization and activity by longrange interactions
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a clone encoding a pt isoenzyme of aspartate aminotransferase aat was isolated from an arabidopsis genomic library and its CR sequence determined the gene for aat asp contains an open reading frame of bp comprising exons separated by introns ranging in length from to bp the UP regulatory region contains a putative tata box and multiple copies of two CS motifs ctctt and aaagat previously associated with nodulespecific gene activity in legumes the deduced primary amino acid sequence of the protein product of asp was used to generate a threedimensional structure of the aat protein by using the computer program sybyl biopolymer composer and known aat social MI as an adjunct to pharmacologic therapy for patients with recurrent genital herpes
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the study was carried out on clinically healthy dogs of various breeds haemoglobin concentration haematocrit platelet count and platelet PCV were significantly lower in citrate blood than in tripotassium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid edtak blood the study confirmed the limited usage of sodium citrate in haematology analysis unless canine edtadependent TP is suspected
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puralpha is a ubiquitous nucleic acidbinding protein which has been implicated in the control of eukaryotic gene transcription further puralpha associates with dna sequences positioned in close proximity to viral and cellular origins of replication suggesting a role for this protein in dna replication as initiation of transcription and replication require alteration in the structure of duplex dna we investigated the dna unwinding activity of this ssDNA nucleic acidbinding protein here we demonstrate that puralpha has the ability to displace an oligonucleotide annealed to ssDNA m dna the helix unwinding activity of puralpha was dose time and temperaturedependent and atpindependent results from mapping studies revealed that the central region of puralpha spanning amino acids was important for the helixdestabilizing activity of this protein the region of puralpha which was involved in the helixdestabilizing activity mapped to the dnabinding domain of this protein results from heat inactivation experiments demonstrated that the helixdestabilizing activity of puralpha correlates with its capacity to interact witpec phenylbiguanide microm pec and methylht microm pec acted as full agonists to induce contractile responses methoxytryptamine microm rs microm and alphamethylht microm failed to mimic the ht responses the contractile response to ht was not antagonized by either ht IL-1ra ritanserin microm or ketanserin microm nor the ht receptor antagonist sb microm the ht receptor selective antagonists granisetron nm tropisetron nm ondansetron nm microm and mdl nm microm caused rightward displacement of the CRCs to ht the lower concentrations of the antagonists caused approximate parallel rightward shifts of the CR curves to ht with apparent pkb values for granisetron tropisetron OND and mdl but higher concentrations of antagonists resulted in a progressive reduction in the maximum responses the contractile response to ht was abolished by tetrodotoxin microm atropine and microm decreased the maximum response of the ht concentrationresponse curve by approximately it is concluded that a neuronally located ht receptor mediates a contractile response to ht in the mouse ileum the ht receptor in the mouse ileum has a different pharmacological profile to that reported for the guineapig ileum
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we determine the ERP mobility radius for fractal aggregate particles our method is to use static light scattering to measure the radius of gyration rg of the aggregates and dynamic light scattering to measure the DWI coefficient hence the mobility radius rm the range of our results can be specified by the knudsen number kn which is the mean free path of the medium molecules divided by the radius of the aggregate our results apply to the entire range of kn from the continuum limit kn to the free molecular limit kn in the continuum regime we find rmrg when the aggregate fractal dimension is df approximately and when df approximately the latter result is independent of kn for kn or approximately the free molecular mobility goes as rman where a is the monomer radius and n is the number of monomers per aggregate since rg approximately andf rmrg is not a constant when kn is large we find for all kn that the functionality of rmrg must always begin with the correct n limit and this affects exp observation
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from marchmay cases of acute hepatitis c virus hcv infection were diagnosed among elderly patients residing at the same skilled nursing facility facility a and who received health care at hospital x during their likely exposure period
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membrane type matrix metalloproteinase mtmmp is a versatile proteinase and recent studies indicated it could be internalized our earlier T0 found that it is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma hcc and could promote intrahepatic metastasis the present study was conducted to examine its subcellular localization and its clinicopathological significance in hcc after curative partial hepatectomy localization of mtmmp in pairs of hccs and their adjacent CL tissues and normal liver tissues was examined by the immunohistochemical method mtmmp protein was localized at membrane and cytoplasm of hepatocytes in the normal and RT adjacent liver tissues in contrast the hccs were highly heterogeneous with VL degrees of membrane cytoplasmic and even nuclear staining interestingly patients with presence of nuclear mtmmp were associated with poor overall survival logrank test p and C1 RT size cm fishers exact test p subcellular distribution was further demonstrated by WB and immunofluorescence with hepb stable transfectant overexpressing mtmmp western blot analyses of subcellular fractions confirmed a differential partitioning of various posttranslationally modified mtmmp in these fractions different antibodies corroborated the presence of mtmmp in the nuclear fraction concomitant nuclear presence of mmp with mtmmp further indicated its potential involvement in the nuclear functions mtmmp colocalized with caveolin at the perinuclear region suggesting nuclear translocation of mtmmp via caveolaemediated endocytosis in summary the association of nuclear mtmmp with aggressive RT features including poor prognosis and C1 tumor expands its functional repertoire and further indicates a new PET role of mmps within nuclei of RT cells
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δamyrone oleanenone which is an active constituent extracted and separated from sedum lineare thunb has been found to possess a potent antiinflammatory effect in different inflammation MM animals but its effects on lipopolysaccharide lpsinduced endotoxic shock have not been previous explored the aim of this T0 is to evaluate the effect of δamyrone on lpsinduced inflammatory cytokines and the protective effect on ES mice experimental animals received δamyrone and mgkg ip and dexamethasone dex mgkg ip at and h before lps i.t. δamyrone treatment significantly decreased mortality rate tissues myeloperoxodase mpo activity p nfκb protein expression when compared with the lps CG the C2 of RT nectosis factoralphagene tnfα and interleukin il both in SS and lung liver kidney tissues as well as the accumulation of nitric oxide no in serum were decreased by δamyrone in response to p nuclear factorskappa b nfκb these results suggest that the protective activity of δamyrone on lpsinduced endotoxic shock is attributed to reducing no production and mediating the Th1 cytokines inhibited nfκb expression
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since world war i considerable amounts of warfare material have been dumped at sea worldwide but little is known about the fate of the explosive nonconventional PRs eg lysarginase gluc could improve the peptide diversity and CS coverage compared with trypsin therefore a multiprotease strategy was used for searching more mps in the same human testis tissues separated by sdspage followed by high resolution lcmsms system q exactive hf a total of proteins were identified among them three pe mps in nextprot have been identified betadefensin qn chr q cancertestis antigen family member a pdmu chr xq and histone habbd type pcz chr xq however because only one unique peptide of ⥠aa was identified in betadefensin and histone habbd type respectively further analysis indicates that each falls under the exceptions clause of the hpp guidelines v after a spectrum quality check isobaric ptm and single amino acid variant saav filtering and verification with a synthesized peptide and based on overlapping MMP from different PRs these three mps should be considered as exemplary examples of mps found by exceptional criteria other mps were considered as candidates but need further validation all ms data sets have been deposited to the proteomexchange with identifier pxd
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hematopoietic suppression is one of the serious problems induced by whole body irradiation granulocyte colonystimulating factor gcsf stimulates the progenitors of granulocytes and accelerates their recovery from bone marrow suppression induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy or radiation on the other hand gcsf stimulates proliferation of ML cells as well as normal PMNL in vitro we designed a method to determine if gcsf affects the incidence of myeloid leukemias induced by irradiation and the types of leukemias induced according to the frenchamericanbritish fab classification in rfmmsnrs mice administration of gcsf microgramsd for days T3 a single gy irradiation significantly increased the number of IP blood neutrophils as compared with those in control mice even after discontinuation of gcsf both the total leukocyte and neutrophil counts increased to day and their levels remained elevated until day the incidence of ML in mice exposed to a single gy irradiation was of and treatment with gcsf did not increase the incidence of in the mice with radiationinduced one those receiving gcsf had a mean survival time of days whereas those not receiving the factor survived for days there was no significant difference of survivals between the two groups most of the radiationinduced leukemias in the two groups were m or m according to the fab classification no characteristic difference was observed among the types of leukemias although gcsf stimulated the leukemia cells in vitro gcsf administration after irradiation did not increase the occurrence of radiationinduced myeloid leukemias our results show that administration of gcsf effectively accelerates PMNL REC from irradiationinduced hematopoietic injury and does not enhance the induction of ML in rfmmsnrs mice by irradiation
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fresh trout fillets and salmon slices packed in trays were obtained from two multinational chain supermarkets and evaluated for freshness and bacteriological SQ immediately after packaging and during storage at degrees c initial aerobic counts at and degrees c were significantly p lower in trout fillets and log cfug respectively than in salmon slices where C2 in excess of log cfug were found in both products initial enterobacteriaceae counts were slightly higher than log cfug and increased significantly during shelf life by approximately log cfug most of the enterobacteria were identified as citrobacter freundii hafnia alvei and enterobacter cloacae on day most MPN mpn counts of total and fecal coliforms were not significantly different numbers of the latter group being approximately mpng escherichia coli was only detected when fish was spoiled although initial presumptive staphylococcus aureus counts were approximately log cfug only of selected colonies belonged to this species neither salmonella nor antimicrobial residues were detected in any sample ethanolagspecific manner p but this linkage was disrupted in patients with PCO syndrome anovulatory adolescents further failed to sustain normal timelagged coupling between leptin and t p approximate entropy calculations revealed erosion of orderly patterns of leptin PR in polycystic ovarian syndrome p vs control crossentropy analysis of twohormone pattern regularity disclosed marked disruption of OB and lh p androstenedione and leptin p and tleptin p synchrony in girls with polycystic ovarian syndrome in summary hyperandrogenemic nonobese adolescents with oligo or anovulatory polycystic ovarian syndrome manifest abrogation of the regularity of monohormonal leptin secretory patterns despite normal mean SS OB concentrations loss of the bihormonal synchrony between leptin and lh PR and attenuation of coordinate OB and androstenedione as well as OB and t output in ensemble polycystic ovarian syndrome pathophysiology in lean adolescents is marked by vivid impairment of the synchronous outflow of leptin lh and androgens whether analogous disruption of leptingonadal axis integration is ameliorated by therapy andor persists into adulthood is not known
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the hedgehog hh signaling pathway is crucial for the OD of many organisms and its inappropriate activation is involved in numerous cancers hh signal controls the traffic and activity of the sevenpass transmembrane protein smoothened smo leading to the transcriptional regulation of hhresponsive genes in drosophila the intracellular transduction events following smo activation depend on cytoplasmic multimeric complexes that include the fused fu protein kinase here we show that the regulatory domain of fu physically interacts with the last amino acids of smo and that the two proteins colocalize in vivo to LDV the deletion of this region of smo leads to a constitutive activation of smo promoting the ectopic transcription of hh target genes this activation is partially dependent of fu activity thus we identify a novel link between smo and the cytoplasmic complexes and reveal a negative role of the smo CT region that interacts with fu we propose that fu could act as a switch activator in presence of hh signal or inhibitor in absence of hh
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the present case report describes three heavy dogs caucasian shepherd breed with chronic complete traumatic rupture of achilles tendon which was repaired with two types of sutures surgical treatment involved shortening the achilles tendon and using a locking loop suture technique and own suture technique with four buttons additionally positional screw and cast supported the sutures twelve months postoperatively no discomfort and lameness were observed on CE this paper shows that treatment of chronic complete rupture of achilles tendon with locking loop suture and own suture technique gives good results
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honey exhibits various nutritional and medicinal functions which are highly related to the AS components thus the exploration of new compounds in honey is of great importance because honey is a byproduct of flower nectar which is rich in phytohormones the existence of phytohormones in honey is anticipated in this research a method for comprehensive profiling of phytohormones in honey was developed by sequential liquidliquid extraction lle coupled with liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry lcmsms good linearities for phytohormones were obtained with rho coefficients r larger than the limits of detection lods were in the range of pgml satisfied reproducibility and reliability were achieved by evaluation of the intra and interday precisions with relative standard deviations rsds less than and relative recoveries ranging from to the method was further applied to analyze the phytohormones in monofloral raw honey samples and commercial honey samples the existence of phytohormones was confirmed including cytokinins cks GAs gas brassinosteroids brs indoleacetic acid iaa IBA iba ABA aba salicylic acid sa JA ja jasmonoylleucine jaleu and jasmonoylphenylalanine japhe in addition the content and species of phytohormoneswith extensive abdominal wall abscess was detected on computed tomographyct on the same day we performed open drainage and laparoscopic assisted ileocolostomy postoperative day we performed RA hemicolectomy with abdominal wall resection and closure of the colostomy as a RS after surgery we startednegative pressure wound therapy npwtto the surgical wound site hence the abdominal wall defect could be healed without a MC flap laparoscopic assisted open drainage a twostage T0 and npwt are useful in a case of colon CA with abdominal wall PA
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glioblastoma is the most common primary BB tumor and is uniformly fatal despite aggressive surgical and adjuvant therapy as survival is short it is critical to determine the value of therapy early on in treatment improved early predictive assessment would allow neurooncologists to personalize and adjust or NC treatment sooner to maximize the use of efficacious therapy during carcinogenesis RT suppressor genes can be silenced by aberrant histone deacetylation this epigenetic modification has become an important target for RT therapy suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid saha vorinostat zolinza is an orally AS potent inhibitor of histone deacetylase hdac activity a L1 shortcoming of the use of hdac inhibitors in the treatment of patients with BT is the lack of reliable biomarkers to predict and determine response histological DUE may reflect RT viability following treatment but is an invasive procedure and impractical for glioblastoma another problem is that response to saha therapy is associated with tumor redifferentiation and cytostasis rather than tumor size reduction thus limiting the use of traditional imaging methods a noninvasive method to assess drug delivery and tau is needed here we investigated whether changes in h mrs metabolites could render reliable biomarkers for an early response to saha treatment in an orthotopic rat for glioma untreated PT exhibited significantly elevated alanine and lactate C2 and reduced inositol nacetylaspartate and creatine levels typical changes reported in glioblastoma relative to normal BB tissues the h mrsdetectable metabolites of sahatreated PT were restored to those of normallike BB tissues in addition reduced Ins and NAA were found to be potential biomarkers for mood alteration and depression which may also be alleviated with saha treatment our T0 suggests that h mrs can provide reliable metabolic biomarkers at the earliest stage of saha treatment to predict the therapeutic response
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the aims of the study were to investigate the alteration of temporomandibular disorders tmd after correction of dentofacial deformities by orthodontic treatment in conjunction with orthognathic surgery and to compare the frequency of tmd in patients with dentofacial deformities with an age and gender matched control group tmd were evaluated in consecutive patients TG referred for orthognathic surgery by a questionnaire and a CE months after treatment of the patients completed a followup examination the control group comprised age and gender matched subjects of whom presented for followup examination tmd were diagnosed according to research diagnostic criteria for tmd at baseline examination the treatment group had a higher frequency of MFP p and arthralgia p than the control group at followup the frequencies of MFP arthralgia and DD had decreased in the TG p p p respectively the frequency of tmd was comparable in the two groups at followup patients with dentofacial deformities QTc by orthodontic treatment in conjunction with orthognathic surgery seem to have a positive treatment outcome in respect of tmd pain
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individuals with coeliac disease have increased risk of depression and death from external causes but conclusive studies on death from suicide are missing we examined the risk of suicide in coeliac disease and amongst individuals where the SI biopsy showed no villous atrophy
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the hyponatremic hypertensive syndrome is a rare but serious complication of renovascular disease the syndrome is characterized by hypertension and profound natriuresis leading to body sodium and water depletion hypertension is typically refractory to treatment we report an yearold patient with this syndrome and describe the results of an audit of the clinical records of patients admitted to a teaching hospital over a twoyear period with confirmed renal i.a. stenosis and hyponatremia the syndrome should be suspected in patients in whom severe hypertension is associated with hyponatremia without other apparent cause especially in the presence of RVD
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because of the recognized inaccuracy and unreliability of currently available methods for the quantification of histamine in biological fluids a method for quantification of urinary histamine by stable ID assay with negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry has been developed following the addition of hhistamine to ml of urine histamine is extracted into butanol backextracted into hcl derivatized to the pentafluorobenzyl derivative chcfhistamine extracted into methylene chloride and then quantified with negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry by SIM of the ratio of ions mz twenty samples can be assayed in days precision of the CA is and the accuracy is lower limits of sensitivity are approximately fg injected oncolumn this CA provides a very CS accuratefluorescence microscopy and additional quantitative data were obtained by flow microfluorometry although a few bsuppressed animals had no b in serum or on cell surfaces for years most bsuppressed and all bsuppressed animals studied had some cells with sig of the suppressed type by year of age in suppressed animals the level of SS ig remained depressed throughout life but cells with sig appeared in disproportionately large numbers the effect was particularly striking in those animals suppressed for the b type
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erythropoietin epo the key hormone for erythropoiesis also increases nitric oxide no BA in EC cells ecs yet the definitive mechanisms are not fully understood increasing evidence has demonstrated that β common receptor βcr plays a crucial role in epomediated nonhematopoietic effects we investigated the role of βcr in epoinduced endothelial no synthase enos activation in bovine aortic ecs baecs and the molecular mechanisms involved results of confocal microscopy and immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that βcr was colocalized and interacted with epo receptor epor in ecs inhibition of βcr or epor by NT antibodies or small interfering rna abolished the epoinduced no production additionally blockage of βcr abrogated the epoinduced increase in the phosphorylation of enos akt src or janus kinase jak immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that treatment with epo increased the interaction between βcr and enos which was suppressed by inhibition of src jak or akt signaling with specific pharmacological inhibitors furthermore epoinduced ec proliferation migration and tube formation were blocked by i.c.v. with βcr antibody and src jak or pikakt inhibitors moreover in vivo experiments showed that epo increased the level of phosphorylated enos src jak and akt as well as βcrenos association in aortas and promoted the angiogenesis in matrigel plug which was diminished by βcr or epor neutralizing antibodies our findings suggest that βcr may play an integrative role in the epo signalingmediated activation of enos in ecs
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the HA ha temperaturesensitive ts mutant tss contains a nucleotide NC in rna segment which leads to an amino acid change at ha residue of serine to proline when tss ha is synthesized and maintained at the NPT degrees the ha is defective in transport in the exocytic pathway and is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum s nakajima d j brown m ueda k nakajima a suguira a k pattnaik and d p nayak virology in a comparison of the PSA properties of tss ha and awsn ha wt expressed at the permissive temperature degrees we have found that tss ha is extensively debilitated a C1 proportion of tss ha fails to ts indicated that the differences in catecholamine excretion during night rest remained mostly unpredictable
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the pathogenic staphylococcus epidermidis strain rpa atcc adheres to smooth surfaces by forming a tenacious bacterial film known as slime the mechanism of slime production is not known however workers in the laboratory of g pier harvard medical school boston mass have isolated from rpa a galactoserich capsular polysaccharide adhesin cpa which mediates the att of the organism to smooth surfaces we have obtained two daughter strains from rpa that no longer produce slime one daughter strain ha was obtained by selection for a spontaneous variant the other CS ham was obtained by treating growing cultures of rpa with acriflavin using an antiserum generated against whole cells of rpa we have examined lysozymelysostaphin digests of rpa ha and ham by double ID the two strains that no longer produced slime no longer produced a particular antigen which we refer to as the slimeassociated antigen saa saa was also produced by unrelated strains of slimeproducing s epidermidis saa was heat and protease SD had a molecular weight of greater than and could be partially purified by chromatographing trypsindigested material over a sephadex g column chemical analysis of partially purified saa by gasliquid chromatography found saa to be glucose rich and galactose poor this analysis chemically distinguishermants x mu x kappa these transformants displayed the mu sp and kappa sp proteins on the cell membrane and also secreted the transfected ig product plasma cell transformants produced the highest amounts of mu sp and kappa sp proteins these transformants secreted pentameric igm but did not display detectable amounts of these proteins on the cell membrane t cell and one fibroblast transformant produced ig as normal sized mu sp and kappa sp proteins all other mu sp and kappa sp nonb cell transformants melanoma teratoma and macrophage failed to produce enough ig to determine whether the ig proteins were of the correct molecular weights the t cell and fibroblast transformants that produced ig proteins did not secrete or display detectable ig on the cell membrane the expression of ig did not inhibit the expression of the t cell antigen thy in the t cell transformants
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aortoenteric fistula is an uncommon late complication of aortic reconstructive surgery morbidity and mortality remain high despite progress in diagnosis and therapeutic procedures we report two cases of complications of aortic interventions and present the diagnosis contribution of the ct scans our patients were two men aged and years both presented with abdominal pain and gastrointestinal one endoscopy and ct scan with contrast enhancement were performed providing the diagnosis of aortoenteric fistula before surgery both patients died after surgery the fundamental principle in the management of late complications of abdominal aortic surgery is early and aggressive surgery cross sectional imaging and particularly ct scan plays an important role in diagnosis and in determining the extent of these complications ct must be performed for lifelong followup of these patients to allow assessment of early diagnosis of aortic reconstruction surgery complications
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spinal and cranial MNs express alpha and betacalcitonin generelated peptide cgrp mrnas constitutively at variable ratios and these two mrnas are differentially regulated following axotomy in spinal facial and hypoglossal MNs the purpose of this T0 was to investigate the NC in cgrp mrna expression following PNI in oculomotor trochlear abducens and trigeminal motor nuclei in which betacgrp mrna is predominantly expressed under normal conditions using male spraguedawley rats either the left eyeball and the orbital contents including the bulbar muscles were removed or the left masseter nerve was ligated and transected the rats were allowed to survive for days following these procedures the levels of mrnas for alpha and betacgrp and growthassociated protein gap were analyzed by in situ hybridization histochemistry using slabeled oligonucleotide probes following nerve injury the expression of alphacgrp mrna rapidly increased on the directlyinjured side in all of these nuclei thereafter it gradually decreased and returned to about the control level at postoperative day within oculomotor trochlear and abducens MNs but it sustained at a high level within TG MNs the expression of betacgrp was quite VL among these nuclei and significant changes were also seen on the side CL to the directlyinjured side these data indicate that the upregulation of alphacgrp mrna may be a common response of cranial motor SN following axotomy even if the constitutive expression of betacgrp mrna exceeds that of alphacgrp mrna in these neurons
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we propose and demonstrate a novel differential pulsewidth pair brillouin optical time domain analysis dppbotda system with a pulsedprobe wave for online distributed CS measurement of fiber michelson hydrophones fmhs different from the conventional dppbotda using a continuous probe wave a pulsedprobe wave is used in our scheme to avoid the interferences between the reflected lights from the sensor arm and REF arm of the fmh where the probe PW should be adjusting precisely equal to the time delay between the two arms the brillouin frequency shift bfs containing the CS andor temperature information is measured by sweeping the frequency difference of the probe pulse and the pump pulse in the experiment an optimized ns pump PP pair is applied to realize a cm spatial resolution and the probe pulses of ns and ns are applied to measure the CS CSD of the sensor arms of two fmhs we have successfully measured the temperatureinduced CS of a fmh with an arm length difference of m as temperature increases from °c to °c and the distributed strain variation of the other fmh with the arm length difference of m as the HP increases from mpa to mpa the results indicate that the proposed scheme can provide a desirable solution for online distributed strain measurement of the fmhs
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a crosssectional T0 of respiratory function was performed in sisal textile workers in twenty of the sisal workers still employed in the sisal mill were reexamined years later at the time of the initial T0 there were higher prevalences of all chronic respiratory symptoms in sisal compared with control workers by the time of the followup T0 a significant increase had occurred in almost all chronic respiratory symptoms among the sisal workers at the time of the initial study there were similar and statistically significant acrossshift reductions of forced vital capacity fvc and the s forced exps human ad types and were used to construct recombinant viruses that express the respiratory syncytial virus f or g glycoproteins the hepatitis b surface antigen and the hiv env or gag genes the recombinant adhiv viruses are of particular interest and have been examined for their immunogenicity in dogs and chimpanzees dogs were immunized intratracheally with adenv recombinants pfudog excellent humoral antihiv responses including NT antibodies were detected in the sera following booster immunization weeks after primary immunization with a second adenv recombinant made in a different ad serotype heterotypic booster chimpanzees were immunized in two ways orally with lyophilized virus to pfuvirus in entericcoated capsules or intranasally pfuvirus intranasal immunization was superior to oral immunization with respect to replication of recombinant viruses as well as induction of antiad and antihiv antibodies administration by both routes resulted in stimulation of cellular immune responses as measured by antigen proliferation assays antihiv antibodies were detected in chimpanzee secretions salivary nasal rectal vaginal taken from animals following intranasal immunization with a heterotypic recombinant intranasal administration effectively primed chimpanzees to produce hightitred serum neutralizing antibodies to hiv following boosting with a baculovirusderived env gp S1 vaccineabstract truncated at words
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acute myeloid one and acute lymphoid one differ substantially in response to therapy and course and accurate differentiation of the two is fundamental to therapeutic decisions immunophenotyping is used for this purpose and various guidelines have been proposed regarding a minimal screening antibody panel most of them have been found inefficient
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a method is described for the determination of sulfite C2 in food products by flow i.t. analysis fia the method is based on the decolorization of MG by so which is isolated from the flowing sample stream by means of a gas DWI cell the fia method has a PCD limit in food sample extracts of ppm so times peak height of blank which corresponds to ppm so in a food product depending on the SE procedure used at the ppm so level in a food extract the precision of replicate i.v. is the method was tested on a variety of both sulfitetreated and UT food products and the results compared favorably with those obtained by the monierwilliams colorimetric pararosaniline and enzymatic sulfite oxidase methods the average differences from the fia results were and respectively for those samples n above ppm so at lower C2 the results were somewhat more erratic due to inaccuracies of the various methods at low concentrations
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the AVN is situated in the lower atrial septum at the apex of the kochs triangle the dimensions of the kochs triangle are studied in adult humans while no data exist about them in pediatric age the knowledge of the dimensions of kochs triangle in childhood is very important for safe and correct application of RF SE during transcatheter ablation the dimensions of kochs triangle were determined in human pediatric NF the median age of the children was months with a range from day to years were female and were male relations between body weight extracardiac parameter and tricuspid valve diameter intracardiac parameter were determined in all hearts to show morphometric modifications with growth the distribution of body weight was not gaussian and no correlation could be obtained between kochs triangle dimensions and body weight however it was possible to identify that the mean ratio between the cathetus of the kochs triangle corresponding to the annulus of the TV and the TV diameter was with a highly significant rho coefficient r p therefore by knowing the diameter of the tricuspid valve and the constant ratio between the cathetus of the kochs triangle and the tricuspid valve diameter it is possible to calculate the length of the segment of the tricuspid annulus along which the transcatheter application of radiofrequency current can be applied to ablate the slowpathway thus reducing the risks of damage of the atrioventricular node
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aggregation of adult rat hepatocytes isolated by the MMP-8 perfusion technique was studied by ultrastructural methods and the indirect immunofluorescence technique using antiactin antibodies in aical resection or wide excision or radical resection of the pubis reconstruction was accomplished when the hip joint was excised by fusion or the creation of a pseudarthrosis either medially in relation to the pubis or laterally in relation to the ilium or wing of the sacrum the results after followups of one to seventeen years were assessed in terms of the immediate goals of surgery control of the disease and function the findings were as follows with the preoperative assessment and operative techniques described an oncologically adequate procedure was performed in twothirds of the cases in the remaining cases the adequacy of the procedure was compromised by poorly planned biopsies occult microextensions and surgical errors the recurrence rate was high after the inadequate procedure per cent and low per cent T3 the adequately accomplished procedures CF was nearly normal when the hip joint was preserved if the hip joint was removed and fusion was obtained the results were good but F0 was obtained in only percent of the cases in which it was attempted if the hip joint was removed and pseudarthrosis resulted the results ranged from good to poor sciaticnerve involvement necessitating resection of the nerve was not a contraindication to a nonamputative procedure
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the new technique of RT 2DE color doppler echocardiography has been recently developed to allow visualization of the blood flow inside the cardiac chambers the blood flow informations are color coded and displayed in RT into the twodimensional echocardiographic images of the cardiac structures the flow informations which are given are velocity direction and variance calculated from the doppler signals obtained from all the sample points flow directed toward the transducer is coded in red flow away from the transducer is coded in blue while the echoes from the cardiac structures are imaged in gray scale the magnitude of the velocity of flow is represented by the brightness of the color with an steps scale of brightness beginning from the lowest grade which is not colored on the screen to represent the velocity spectrum variance green is added to each color in proportion to the extent of turbulence we report our preliminary experience with this technique in subjects by using an aloka ssd commercial equipment age range days years were normal had cardiomyopathy had congenital valvular ischemic and other forms of heart disease color display of intracavitary flow allowed to identify normal and abnormal patterns valvular regurgitation and abnormal intracavitary shunts were easy to identify suggesting the possibility of a semiquantitative assessment of the lesions the possibility of a quantitative approach should be further investigated in the futureabstract truncated at words
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we studied the effect of prostate resection on serum creatine kinase ec and lactate dehydrogenase ec isoenzymes in patients two hours T3 their operations twothirds of these patients had increased total creatine kinase activity the mb isoenzyme was demonstrated in sera of of the patients and the bb isoenzyme in mb content varied from to of total creatines c respectively the larger depression in the latter case arises from the higher charge density of the triple helix and less ERP counterion screening by etn in the polynha polyu system tm leads to is reduced by degrees c but extrapolation of the copolymer results indicates a reduction of approximately degrees c for tm leads to accounting for previous failure to observe a triple helix in this system cd spectra of anha copolymers suggest that much of the spectral region can be regarded as a contribution of the cd spectra of the parent polymers polya and polynha but that the region from to nm requires that contributions made by longer range interactions be taken into account
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although degenerative cervical spondylosis is a common neurosurgical problem not much has been published about the hereditary AF responsible for it the authors report on a set of identical twins who presented to their service at a relatively young age with myelopathy due to degenerative C2 disc prolapse and who needed surgery the early age of presentation and the fact that the patients were MZ twins suggest a genetic PE the authors also review the available literature on the genetic AF in the causation of degenerative cervical spondylosis to the best of their knowledge this is the first reported instance of identical twins with C2 myelopathy at a young age needing curative surgery
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nine patients with myelomeningocele seventeen involved feet had talectomy for the correction of equinovarus deformity the age at surgery ranged from one year and eight months to seven years and four months old the length of followup averaged seven years and four months and ranged from twentytwo months to twelve years fifteen feet had a good and two had a poor correction of the deformity of the hind part of the foot the result being directly related to the intraoperative correction of the equinus deformity the correction of the fore part of the foot was rated as good in eight fair in one and poor in eight feet residual deformity of the fore part of the foot compromised the functional result in six feet that had an acceptable correction of the deformity of the hind part
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CA is one of the principal problems in health that affect the mexican population and beneficiaries of the instituto mexicano del seguro social thus in order to understand better these diseases to utilize better our resources and to offer a comprehensive medical care it is necessary to establish a populationbased registries within the context of a national program cancer registry with the objective of having SQ information completeness validated and with timeliness
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protein kinases are stimulated during the microbicidal responses of neutrophils in particular the activation of protein kinase c causes the phosphorylation of pphox one of the cytosolic components of nadph oxidase phosphorylated pphox was accumulated not only by pma treatment but also by calyculin a treatment however pphox phosphorylated by calyculin a treatment lost its ability to activate nadph oxidase several protein kinases were activated by calyculin a treatment furthermore the phosphorylation CS of pphox by calyculin a treatment were different from those by pma treatment these results indicated that calyculin aactivated kinases phosphorylated pphox at the site different from that phosphorylate by protein kinase c resulting in suppression of nadph oxidase activation
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we present a cytogenetically normal neonate who developed transient abnormal myelopoiesis the blasts showed trisomy in contrast fibroblasts and phastimulated peripheral blood demonstrated normal 2C line on extensive karyotyping direct sequencing of the dna derived from the peripheral blood at overt disease revealed splice site mutation in the boundary of gata exon the patient received three courses of chemotherapy leading to pCR during the complete remission there was neither mutation of gata exon nor trisomy confirming somatic nature of both abnormalities the patient is now free from the disease months after remission this case emphasizes the significance of trisomy as the cause of transient abnormal myelopoiesis in down syndrome
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the clinical syndrome of obstructive sleep apnea osas in children is a distinct yet somewhat overlapping disorder with the condition that occurs in adults such that the clinical manifestations polysomnographic findings diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches need to be considered in an agespecific manner childhood osas has now become widely recognized as a frequent disorder and as a major public health problem pediatric osas particularly when obesity is concurrently present is associated with substantial endorgan morbidities and increased healthcare utilization although adenotonsillectomy ta remains the first line of treatment evidence in recent years suggests that the outcomes of this surgical procedure may not be as favorable as expected such that postta PSG DUE may be needed especially in highrisk patient CG in addition incorporation of nonsurgical approaches for milder forms of the disorder and for residual osas after ta is now being investigated
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escherichia coli hemolysin hlya inserts into target CM producing a cationselective pore we approached the problem of determining which portions of this protein remain exposed on the side of attack by applying specific antibodies results obtained with resealed erythrocyte ghosts and planar phospholipid CM were compared the effects of one polyclonal and four monoclonal antihemolysin antibodies mabs were studied using ghosts we found one mab which strongly reduced the ionpermeability through the preinserted hlya channels and one which clearly increased it experiments with planar bilayers corroborated these results by showing that the former mab effectively promoted the closed state of the channel whereas the latter forced the hlya channel into an open configuration antihemolysin polyclonal antibodies initially stimulated but then prevented channel opening indicating they contained clones able to act on both these channel determinants they were effective only when applied on the same side as the hemolysin indicating that the epitopes were exposed to that side finally the antigenic epitopes of three of the mabs were localised on the hlya molecule by using different mutants amber and frame shift mutants and Hly gene hybrids
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the aim of the present T0 was to compare in vitro protein expression protein kinase activity and protein phosphorylation in the medial VN mvn and prepositus hypoglossi ph from labyrinthineintact guinea pigs and from guinea pigs at various stages of vestibular compensation following UL ul the ipsilateral imvn and contralateral cmvn mvn and the ipsilateral iph and contralateral cph ph were dissected from naive labyrinthineintact guinea pigs and guinea pigs at hs or HS following a surgical ul or sham operation tissue extracts were incubated with gammapatpca phorbol dibutyrate and phosphatidylserine or ca and calmodulin to enhance protein kinase c pkc or calcium calmodulin kinase camk activity respectively data were analysed as the ratio of activated to basal p incorporation detected by phosphorimaging there were similar total protein and phosphoprotein profiles in the mvn and ph as well as both pkc and camkii activity suggesting that the mvn and ph are similar in the way that proteins undergo rapid modification by phosphorylation during the development of vestibular compensation a kda band in cph displayed higher pkcmediated phosphorylation from HS postul compared to sham controls significantly greater pkcmediated phosphorylation of proteins of approximately and kda was observed in cph at HS compared to hs postul and in most cases the phosphorylation was greater in cph than in the cmvn these results suggest that between and hs postul pkcmediated phosphorylation changes mainly in the cph rather than the ipsilateral or contralateral mvn
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the effects of dazoxiben on fingerblood flow in response to cold challenge were studied in normal subjects and patients with raynauds phenomenon in normal subjects concentrations of txb and oxopgf alpha were measured in blood taken from dorsal hand veins following cold challenge in a parallel multicentre study we examined the effects of dazoxiben on finger temperature and CBV in patients with raynauds phenomenon dazoxiben did not affect finger arterial inflow at rest or during cold challenge in patients or controls however in both groups REC was quicker T3 cold challenge on dazoxiben treatment in patients median flow was ml ml min range v p less than dazoxiben v placebo at min T3 cold challenge however in normal subjects this did not prove to be statistically significant in normal subjects there was a fall in txb concentrations and relative rise in oxopgf alpha following dazoxiben treatment indicating redirection of prostaglandin endoperoxides towards synthesis of pgi comparison of the sumtotal SO of each plants were harvested
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it is well known that environmental stimulation is important for the proper OD of sensory CF the vestibular system senses gravitational acceleration and then alters cardiovascular and motor functions through reflex pathways the OD of vestibularmediated cardiovascular and motor functions may depend on the gravitational environment present at birth and during subsequent growth to examine this hypothesis arterial pressure ap and RNA rsna were monitored during horizontal linear acceleration and performance in a motor coordination task in rats born and reared in g or g environments linear acceleration of g increased ap and rsna these responses were att in rats with a vestibular lesion suggesting that the vestibular system mediated ap and rsna responses these responses were also attenuated in rats born in a g environment ap and rsna responses were partially restored in these rats when the hypergravity load was removed and the rats were maintained in a g environment for wk the ap response to compressed air which is mediated independently of the vestibular system did not NC in the g environment motor coordination was also impaired in the g environment and remained impaired even after wk of unloading these results indicate that hypergravity impaired both the vestibulocardiovascular reflex and motor coordination the vestibulocardiovascular reflex was only impaired temporarily and partially recovered following wk of unloading in contrast motor coordination did not return to normal in response to unloading
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our aim was to evaluate the association between gestational diabetes mellitus and sonographically measured fetal epicardial FT between weeks gestation this was a crosssectional T0 that included pregnancies with gestational diabetes mellitus matched with normal pregnancies with similar maternal age bodymass index gestational age fetal gender and fetal ABD circumference on ultrasound fetal Epi fat thickness was measured and recorded during ultrasonography at weeks of gestation maternal DUE included measurement of maternal Epi fat thickness using echocardiography fetal and maternal epicardial FT values were compared across the CG ultrasound views of fetal epicardial fat thickness were evaluated independently by perinatology fellows to determine inter and intraobserver R2 partial and ICC analyses were used fetal and maternal epicardial FT measurements were moderately correlated r mean fetal and maternal Epi fat thickness values were higher in gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancies p and p respectively compared to controls fetal Epi fat thickness was positively correlated r with postchallenge h glucose values inter and intraobserver PA was high demonstrated by strong correlations r and r respectively across fetal Epi FT measurements of the examiners fetuses from gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancies have significantly higher fetal and maternal Epi fat thickness values compared to nongestational diabetes mellitus pregnancies fetal epicardial fat thickness obtained during second trimester fetal anatomy ultrasound may potentially be a reliable indicator for gestational diabetes mellitus however clinical validation studies are needed
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nicardipine is one of the dihydropyridine derivatives known as blockers for the voltagedependent ICa in muscle cells the effects of nicardipine on the neuronal functions were studied in several neuronal preparations including clonal rat pheochromocytoma pc cells rat brain synaptosomes and slices nicardipine failed to block the cadependent action potentials and the afterspike hyperpolarizations evoked by intracellularly injected current pulses in PC12 cells while the high kstimulated ca influx and atp PR were dosedependently inhibited in the same cells in rat cerebral synaptosomes and cortical slices nicardipine showed no blockade on the high kstimulated ca influx and transmitter releases it was then suggested that the voltagedependent ICa are polymorphic among tissues or even in a single cell from the viewpoint of dihydropyridine susceptibility
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approximately of patients with CRCs will develop CL lesions in their life span despite the potential of surgical resection to provide LT survival in this subset of patients only are found to be resectable the introduction of new neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic agents and the expanding criteria of resection have enhanced the overall year survival from to in the past decade the use of technical innovations such as staged resection portal vein embolization and repeat resection have allowed higher resection rates in patients with bilobar disease extrahepatic primary and liverexclusive recurrent disease no longer represent an absolute contraindication to resection the role of regional therapy using hepatic arterial infusion is being redefined for liverexclusive unresectable disease adjuvant chemotherapy in combination with regional therapies is being looked at from fresh perspectives ablative approaches have gained a firm role both as an adjunct to surgical resection and in the management of patients who are not surgical candidates overall the management of hepatic metastasis from CRCs requires a multimodal approach
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in AD mice administration of the anticonvulsive drug phenytoin caused focal swellings along the purkinje cell axon correlated with ataxia and incoordination of movements in our model we used murine cerebellar slice cultures to T0 the influence of phenytoin on PN purkinje cell axon differentiation almost all of our UT cultures developed to maturelike cerebellar tissue immunohistochemistry with anticalbindindk or uchti OKT3 revealed numerous purkinje cell axons in the VWM in the area of the DCN immunolabelled axons formed a large axonal plexus the few neurofilamentpositive SN in this area were densely covered with purkinje cell axon terminals the synaptophysin immunoreactivity revealed connections between the terminals and the SN of the DCN treatment of cerebellar slice cultures with phenytoin microm for days resulted in focal swellings of different size along the axon the number of swellings increased with an increasing dosage at concentrations of microm phenytoin purkinje cell axons seemed to be unable to invade the deep cerebellar nuclei but numerous aberrant recurrent collaterals could be detected IHC with the two TPS purkinje cell antibodies possible cytotoxic effects after treatment such as dendritic degeneration and a decrease in the number of immunolabelled PCs were observed above microm phenytoin these data suggest that the response of juvenile purkinje cells is dependent upon the dosage of the antiepileptic drug because of morphological alterations as well as a misrouting of previously established connections
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endometrial hyperplasia is of clinical significance because it is often a F0 lesion to adenocarcinoma of the endometrium making the distinction between hyperplasia and true precancerous lesions or true neoplasia has significant clinical effect because their differing CA risks must be matched with an AGA intervention to avoid undertreatment or overtreatment pathologic diagnosis of premalignant lesions should use criteria and terminology that clearly distinguish between clinicopathologic entities that are managed differently at present the endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia schema is tailored most closely to this objective incorporating modified pathologic criteria based upon evidence that has become available since the creation of the more widely used fourclass world health organization schema in which atypical hyperplasia is equated with precancerous SMB the accuracy of dilation and curettage compared with endometrial suction curette in diagnosing precancer and excluding concurrent carcinoma is unclear hysteroscopy with directed biopsy is more CS than dilation and curettage in the diagnosis of uterine lesions when clinically AGA total hysterectomy for endometrial IEL neoplasia provides definitive assessment of a possible concurrent carcinoma and effectively treats premalignant lesions systemic or local progestin therapy is an unproven but commonly used alternative to hysterectomy that may be AGA for women who are poor surgical candidates or who desire to retain fertility
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splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes slvl is a lowgrade lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by splenomegaly and circulating villous lymphocytes in the peripheral blood it is considered to be the leukemic form of splenic marginal zone lymphoma smzl the genetic basis of this lymphoma type remains unknown conventional cytogenetic studies have identified frequent structural CA of chromosome in the form of translocations mainly unbalanced and q deletions in this current study we undertook deletion mapping of the long arm of chromosome in a series of cases with slvl metaphase fluorescence in situ hybridization fish was used in the first instance followed by a T0 of loss of heterozygosity loh the common area of deletion identified by fish spanned from the yac clone hsce mapping to q to in between yacs hsce and hsce q by application of microsatellite markers mapping to the fishcdr and to areas of deletion reported in other studies four distinct hotspot loci were identified with abnormalities present in cases in three of them both loh and biallelic deletions were found the loh in the majority of patients was noncontiguous the presence of a high incidence of abnormalities in the established hotspot areas and in particular the finding of biallelic deletions is indicative of the existence of genes important for the pathogenesis of slvl in these areas
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inhibitors of advanced glycation end products ages have potential as preventive agents against diabetic complications invitro age LIA transition metal chelating and free radical scavenging activity tests have been used to screen for and identify effective age inhibitors in an ongoing project to elucidate age inhibiting active components of heatprocessed ginseng maltol was selected for more detailed investigation although there are several lines of evidence concerning the antioxidant activity of maltol the invitro and invivo inhibitory effects of maltol on age generation have not been evaluated in the present study the invitro age GABA effects and free radical scavenging activity of maltol were investigated in addition the invivo therapeutic potential of maltol against diabetic renal damage was tested using streptozotocin stzdiabetic rats maltol showed a stronger age inhibitory effect than aminoguanidine a well known age inhibitor in addition the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of maltol on electron spin resonance esr spectrometry was slightly stronger than that of aminoguanidine therefore maltol was found to have stronger invitro age inhibiting activity compared with AMG the administration of mgkg per day of maltol suppressed the elevated serum C2 of glycosylated protein renal FL ages carboxymethyllysine receptors for ages and nuclear factorkappab p in diabetic control rats these beneficial effects of maltol against stzdiabetic renal damage were thought to result from its free radical scavenging and age GABA effects
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obesity is an epidemic and thereby represents one of the CE challenges for the german healthcare system a weightreducing treatment should be started at a body mass index bmi or kgm or at a bmi or kgm if clinically significant comorbidities are present currently a broad range of evidencebased treatment options for weight reduction is available the primary treatment aims at lifestyle modification by adopting an energyreduced diet and a higher level of PCS activity in the escalation strategy other options such as verylowcalorie diets weightreducing drugs and in morbidly obese patients bariatric surgery should be considered all treatment measures should be tailored to the individual requirements wishes and facilities of the patient in addition the patient should be encouraged to take responsibility for hisher weight management however there is urgent need to improve the structural preconditions for effective obesity management in germany
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a high salt diet has been shown to increase renal mass of IN rats although the mechanism by which this occurs has not been investigated we used dahl rats that are sensitive ds or resistant dr to the hypertensinogenic effect of salt to examine changes in renal size and composition caused by a high salt diet renal index deoxyribonucleic acid dna protein water content proteindna ratio and cell number and size were measured in agematched dr and ds on a high salt diet for or days the results were compared with those obtained from respective rats on a low salt diet high salt diet elevated renal index and protein in dr and ds rats at each time point T3 days of a high salt diet dna increased in ds only proteindna ratio was progressively decreased by a high salt diet in ds and remained unchanged in dr rats cell number was increased in ds versus only in dr rats at weeks cell size decreased in ds and only in dr rats these results indicateut fold increase in the rate of ne turnover in bat whereas stimulation of the lh had no appreciable effects the effect of vmh stimulation was abolished after sympathetic ganglion blockade or by surgical sympathetic denervation of bat it was concluded that there is a sympathetic nervemediated connection between the vmh and bat and that stimulation of the vmh induces metabolic activation and heat production in bat through an increase in sympathetic nerve activity
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rat CL microsomal glutathione transferase is G1 by sulfhydryl reagents and proteolysis this property varies however depending on the combination concentration and CR of the substrates thus a multidimensional diagram can be envisioned in which the parameters affecting enzyme activity and activation are visualized in principle activation could stem from an alteration in enzyme mechanism transitionstate complementarity product release rate or phrate behaviour these studies appear to rule out these possibilities and an alternate hypothesis is suggested based on the following experiments i alternate ATP diagnosis of the kinetic mechanism of microsomal GT indicates a random sequential mechanism nonactivated and activated enzyme follow the same mechanism by these criteria ii the microsomal GT stabilizes a meisenheimer complex between trinitrobenzene and glutathione the formation constants were similar for the unactivated and activated enzyme and m respectively at ph inasmuch as the meisenheimer complex resembles the transition state there is no evidence for an increased stabilization upon activation iii the kcat constant kcat does not vary with the viscosity in the assay medium thus product release is not rate limiting for the unactivated and activated microsomal glutathione transferase with saturating chlorodinitrobenzene and varying gsh iv the ph dependence of the kfvalues for meisenheimer complex formation exhibited pka values close to for both the activated and unactivated microsomal GT the ph profile of kcat with saturating chlorodinitrobenzene and VL gsh concentrations showed apparent pka values of and for the unactivated and G1 enzyme respectively indicative of a very similar requirement for deprotonation of the enzymegshchlorodinitrobenzene complex v examination of the kinetic parameters obtained with gsh as the VL substrate against increasingly reactive electrophilic substrates in hammett plots shows that the activation mechanism entails a more efficient utilization of gsh it is suggested that a higher rate of formation of the glutathione thiolate anion occurs in the G1 enzyme
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one hundred and three patients referred to a neurological outpatient clinic were examined to assess the relationship between persistent headache not due to significant physical illness and emotional disturbance overall the patients showed slightly more evidence of emotional disturbance than a general practice population but less than psychiatric outpatients thus with cutoff points of and on the GA health questionnaire ghq the whole group had or of psychiatric cases respectively on the crowncrisp experiential index the females had mean total scores of and the males had scores of in addition the childhood experiences measured by the PBI appeared to be normal seven patients had significant depressive illness according to the levinepilowsky depression questionnaire statistically significant differences in psychological state did not emerge between the diagnoses of CH CP migraine common migraine tension headache or combined headache however negative correlations were found between the duration of illness and measures of anxiety it is concluded that although the emotional state contributes to the development of pain and HA in some patients vessels obtained from spraguedawley wistar wistarkyoto wky and the spontaneously hypertensive rats shr maintained on a normal sodium diet the effect of angiotensin was attenuated when examined in vessels obtained from animals maintained on the low sodium diet the selectivity of the low sodium diet for angiotensin was demonstrated by a lack of effect of the low sodium diet in altering the facilitatory effect of isoproterenol on the NE and an enhanced response to the alpha adrenoceptorselective antagonist yohimbine the simultaneous treatment of rats with a low sodium diet plus captopril estimated to be approximately mgkgday for days prevented the attenuation of the angiotensininduced enhancement of the NE seen by sodium CT these results are consistent with the hypothesis that low sodium treatment increases circulating angiotensin C2 which lead to a downregulation of the angiotensin receptors located on adrenergic nerve varicosities
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the use of ultrafast magic angle spinning khz in tandem with delayed echo acquisition is shown to yield very highresolution lh mas nmr spectra of complex natural organic materials for the first time very highresolution h mas nmr spectra are reported for cork and wood components two natural materials with great economic importance the effect of the spinning rate on the h nmr spectra was evaluated with singlepulse acquisition and delayedecho acquisition the delayedecho acquisition spectra presented linewidths as sharp as and hz the narrow peaks characterised by proton spinspin and spinlattice relaxation were assigned to the isotropic delta and the GA spectral features were shown to correlate with the sample chemical structure the tentative assignments of cork h mas nmr signals were presented
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the cholestatic bile acid taurolithocholate inhibits taurocholate uptake by isolated CL cells noncompetitively inhibition is instantaneous and inversely related to the cell number in the incubate the ki amounts to micron in the presence of mg cellular protein per ml secretion of taurocholate by isolated liver cells is not affected by TLC up to a concentration of micron this indicates a difference between the carrier for taurocholate uptake and the carrier for taurocholate secretion inhibition of bile acid uptake of liver cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of lithocholateinduced cholestasis
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the intracellular chloride activity formula see text of quiescent rb RA PTC muscle was measured with ionselective microelectrodes ise made with corning liquid ionexchange resin the formula see text was sd mm a value significantly greater than the mm expected from passive CSD the chloride equilibrium potential ecl was mv while membrane potential was mv and significantly negative to ecl these values are corrected for a nonchloride signal detected by the ise an apparent formula see text of mm was measured after SE to clfree media for h since isotopic chloride was totally washed out by this time the apparent formula see text in clfree media was interpreted as interference and subtracted from the formula see text measured in other media the conclusion that chloride is not passively distributed is supported by the observation that the formula see text increase in KCl media was smaller than predicted in contrast to findings in PTC muscle formula see text of frog sartorius muscle was consistent with passive distribution if it is assumed that interference was less than mm
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the authors describe an unusual case of unilateral nonfusion of the neural arch of the sixth cervical vertebra documented with conventional xray examination and computed tomography a brief review of other forms of congenital clefts is given and correlated with embryological findings
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a broad spectrum of clinical disorders is produced by mutations in the dna polymerase gamma mitochondrial polg gene which are associated with altered mitochondrial dna mtdna integrity the majority of disorders characterized by multiple mtdna deletions present with progressive external ophthalmoplegia though this feature is not usually found in syndromes caused by mtdna depletion we report on a patient having the clinical triad of sensory ataxic neuropathy dysarthria and ophthalmoplegia sando polg mutations and reduced muscle mtdna content
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toxoplasma gondii can live in the host for a long time relying on effective immune escape mechanisms and cause a chronic infection different antigenic molecules in the parasitophorous vacuole membrane rhoptry and cytoplasm play an important role in evading the hosts immune response they can effectively help avoid the host immune response by inhibiting excessive inflammatory response and production of nitric oxide affecting gene expression of some cytokines depleting the TPS immune substances reducing the CF of immune cells and so on this paper summarizes the latest research advances in molecules related to the immune evasion of t gondii
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pachydermoperiostosis pdp is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by digital clubbing periostosis and pachydermia pachydermia results in leonine facies a L1 cause of cosmetic and PET morbidity in these patients its treatment is usually surgical so far no medical treatment has been suggested to alleviate this morbidity
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juxtaposition of the morphologically left atrial appendage jlaa was analyzed for the first time primarily morphologically rather than primarily positionally in a series of postmortem cases jlaa with solitus atria occurred in cases and jlaa with inversus atria was found in cases jlaa with solitus atria was always rightsided whereas jlaa with inversus atria was leftsided thus the sidedness of the malposed juxtaposed laa depended on the atrial situs not on the type of VVI loop contrary to what was formerly thought the anatomic features associated with jlaa are essentially the opposite of those with jraa jlaa was characterized by left atrial outlet one left VVI hypoplasia and aortic outflow tract obstruction jlaa usually has a hypoplastic left IVT and normal conus whereas jraa typically has a hypoplastic right ventricle and abnormal conus
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we studied a hospitalbased pneumococcal immunization program ninety of patients on the T0 unit group and of patients on the control unit group were candidates for pneumococcal vaccine based on age of years or older or underlying medical condition or both and absence of prior vaccination in group an infection control nurse identified candidates at the time of discharge and offered vaccine no intervention was made in group seventy of vaccine candidates in group were vaccinated at the time of hospital discharge compared with none of candidates in group p less than a hospitalbased program offering vaccine at the time of hospital discharge can significantly improve immunization rates and successfully immunize the majority of hospitalized individuals at high risk from pneumococcal infection
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the significant thyroid disorders that may be found in dental patients are presented in a series of articles this article part i deals with HT part ii with hypothyroidism and thyroiditis and part iii with neoplastic lesions of the thyroid the signs and symptoms laboratory tests used to diagnoses hyperthyroidism and the medical management of patients with HT are presented in this paper the dental management of patients with hyperthyroidism is discussed in detail the dentist by detecting the early signs and symptoms of HT can refer the patient for medical diagnosis and treatment and avoid potential complications of treating patients with uncontrolled disease these complications include the rare thyrotoxic crisis thyroid storm that may be precipitated by dental treatment acute infection or trauma in the patient with uncontrolled HT also the use of EN or other pressor ammines can cause a hypertensive crisis in the patient with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism patients will benefit from the early PCD and referral by reducing the risks of the medical complications such as hypertension cardiac arrhythmias and CHF
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the rapid and direct effects of nitric oxide no donors sodium nitroprusside snp and isosorbide dinitrate isdn on the hepatic and biliary disposition of chlorzoxazone czx a marker of cype and dextromethorphan dem a marker of cypd were studied in a singlepass isolated perfused rat liver model livers n were perfused with constant concentrations of no donors min in addition to infusion of czx or dem min and periodical outlet and bile samples were collected both isdn and snp significantly reduced and respectively the hepatic extraction ratio of czx and decreased and respectively the REC of the cypemediated metabolite hydroxychlorzoxazone in the outlet perfusate and bile as for dem both no donors increased up to fold the recovery of the cypdmediated metabolite dextrorphan dor in the outlet perfusate however this was associated with a simultaneous decrease in the excretion of the metabolite into the bile thus resulting in no NC in the overall REC of dor as a result of no donor treatment the decrease in the biliary excretion of dor was caused by noinduced simultaneous reductions in both the conjugation of dor and biliary clearance of dor conjugate additionally both snp and isdn significantly reduced the metabolism of dem to hydroxymorphinan which is mostlyed especially at h and later under dl conditions only in addition at h an index of sympathetic activity and LF/HF on hrv during cwt increased significantly under dl conditions in contrast an index of parasympathetic activity during cwt decreased significantly under dl conditions however the indexes of hrv during cwt did not change throughout sleep ED under bl conditions our results suggest that bl SE not only delays the nocturnal decrease in hr at rest but also maintains hr and balance of cardiac autonomic modulation to mental tasks during nocturnal sleep ED
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previous studies have shown that gardnerella vaginalis can utilize HbA as a sole source of iron in this study the interaction between human hemoglobin and g vaginalis cells was investigated with a SP dot blot CA g vaginalis cells were shown to bind digoxigenin diglabeled HbA a human hemoglobinbinding protein with an estimated molecular weight of kilodaltons kda was detected by western blot analysis of g vaginalis proteins the hemoglobinbinding activity of this protein was found to be heat stable and was observed in g vaginalis cells grown under ironrestrictive and ironreplete conditions the kda hemoglobinbinding protein was ND from intact g vaginalis cells treated with TR prior to western blot analysis suggesting that this protein was surface exposed
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the effects of hyperoxia on lung tumor development were examined in mice and rats in mice SE to o prevented the OD of urethan or methylcholanthreneinduced lung PT dietary antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene bht and butylated hydroxyanisole bha were unable to prevent the inhibition of tumor development by oxygen although bht retained its capability to enhance tumor OD in mouse lung in visiblesize tumors oxygen did not depress dna synthesis oxygen also reduced the number of pulmonary metastatic nodules T3 iv i.t. of mammary glandderived carcinoma cells but failed to inhibit growth of mu lung carcinoma or murine melanomaderived cell lines rats treated with one single IT of methylcholanthrene developed multiple lung lesions their growth could be prevented by exposure of the animals to or o it is concluded that hyperoxia prevents OD of transformed cells in vivo in the lung and may affect adversely the growth of selected cell lines metastatic to the lung
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acute ML is a clonal neoplasm derived from myeloid progenitor cells with a varying outcome the initial goal of treatment is the achievement of pCR defined for over years by morphology however without additional postremission treatment the majority of patients relapse in many cases of acute ML allo-SCT offers the best prospects of cure in stem cell transplantations in acute ML were performed in europe allogeneic and autologous SC transplantations most SC transplantations are performed in first complete remission however despite a considerable reduction in the chance of relapse in most studies overall survival benefit of allo-SCT is modest due to substantial nonrelapse mortality here we discuss the many factors related to the risk of relapse after allo-SCT
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iron is essential for all life but it is particularly important to photoautotrophs because of the many irondependent electron transport components in photosynthetic membranes since the proliferation of oxygenic photosynthesis in the archean ocean iron has been a scarce commodity and it is now recognized as a limiting resource for phytoplankton over broad expanses of the open ocean and even in some coastalcontinental shelf waters iron stress does not impair photochemical or carbon fixation efficiencies and in this respect it resembles the highly tuned photosynthetic systems of steadystate macronutrientlimited phytoplankton however iron stress does present unique photophysiological challenges and phytoplankton have responded to these challenges through L1 architectural changes in photosynthetic membranes these evolved responses include overexpression of photosynthetic pigments and ironeconomic pathways for atp synthesis and they result in diagnostic fluorescence properties that allow a broad appraisal of iron AS in the field and even the PCD of iron AS from space
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the L1 histone acetyltransferase activity from porcine CL nuclei has been isolated and partially purified by a simple rapid and reproducible method extraction of nuclei in buffered saturated ammonium sulfate and subsequent AS fractionation chromatography on deaesephacel and hydroxylapatite and ultracentrifugation on linear glycerol gradients provides an fold purification over nuclei in yield the molecular weight of the enzyme is approximately as determined by glycerol gradient UC and GF on sephacryl s the optimum ph for the reaction is and the activity is inhibited by monovalent and divalent salts and by sulfhydryl blocking reagents the enzyme activity is substantially protected from thermal denaturation at degrees c by the addition of glycerol to the incubation medium in the presence of the core histones the enzyme catalyzes the acetylation reaction in the order h greater than h greater than hb greater than ha the order for histones bound in nucleosome core particles is h greater than hb greater than h greater than ha the high mobility group proteins and serve as substrates for the enzyme in vitro suggesting a possible role for enzymatic high mobility group acetylation in chromatin CF
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histologic changes in various masticatory muscles were studied in WR from hours to days T3 an experimental increase of the occlusal vertical dimension the increases applied to mm were based on the amount of interocclusal space mm in the rat a CS of tissue reaction from early acute inflammatory destruction of myofibers to healing with myofiber regeneration was most pronounced in the deep MM of the mm group hours to days a similar CS was also observed to a lesser degree in the superficial masseter and anterior temporal muscles while no changes were detectable in the posterior temporal medial pterygoid and anterior DIG muscles of this group variable severity of tissue response in different masticatory muscles might be attributable to the amount of stretching of myofibers as a result of an increased OVD on the other hand degenerative atrophy of myofibers in the LPM occurred within days with no sign of inflammation and these condensed myofibers persisted as late as days based on these findings it was suggested that displacement of the mandibular condyle would exert an important influence on the prognosis T3 an increase in the OVD only a transient acute inflammation occurred in the deep and SF masseter muscles in the mm group except for a small number of condensed myofibers in the lateral pterygoid muscle degenerative changes of myofibers were not revealed therefore increasing the OVD within the extent of the interocclusal space might be regarded as appropriate for prosthodontic practices
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carbapenemresistant pseudomonas aeruginosa and acinetobacter species are worrisome nosocomial pathogens T3 introduction of a preventive program involving clinical surveillance culture to reduce the spread of those pathogens we observed an de showed evidence of lowmolecularweight kda oxpcmodified protein e reactivity did not change with postmortem interval and epositive lipids were largely absent from control tissue we then used a second monoclonal antibody ab which recognizes the et idiotype and therefore detects the presence of antibody to oxpc to show that ms BB samples were strongly positive for the kda antibody heavy chain we also showed that isoelectric focussing of the oligoclonal igg characteristic of ms revealed some immunoglobulin bands that western blotted with the ab antibody spinal cords from mice induced to undergo exp allergic encephalomyelitis eae also showed strong ab CR by both immunocytochemistry and western blot analysis we therefore conclude that we can detect both oxpc and kda protein modified by oxpc and the antibody to the antibody to oxpc Id in pathological tissue and suggest that this could play a role in the progression of ms
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viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus vhsv is a serious disease impacting wild and cultured fish worldwide hence an ERP therapeutic method against vhsv infection needs to be developed aptamer technology is a new and promising method for diagnostics and therapeutics it revolves around the use of an aptamer molecule an artificial ligand nucleic acid or protein which has the capacity to recognize target molecules with high affinity and specificity here we aimed at selecting rna aptamers that can specifically bind to and inhibit the growth of a CS of fish vhsv both in vitro and in vivo three vhsvspecific rna aptamers f f and c were selected from a pool of artificially and randomly produced oligonucleotides using SELEX the three rna aptamers showed obvious binding to vhsv in an EMS assay but not to other tested viruses the rna aptamers were tested for their ability to inhibit vhsv in vitro using hirame NK embryo hinae cells cytopathic effect and plaque assays showed that all aptamers inhibited the growth of vhsv in hinae cells in vivo tests using rna aptamers produced by rhodovulum sulfialues of glycemia on the level mmoll patients of the main group received the continuous intravenous infusion of insulin and patients of the control group received frequent every h subcutaneous injections of insulin during the first h after the acute CBF blood flow disturbance the results obtained have shown that CIV insulin infusion reduces the risk of hypoglycemia accelerates positive neurologic dynamics reduces terms of hospitalization and decreases mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus type
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it is wellknown that idiopathic neuralgias of the TG and glossopharyngeal nerves are caused by vascular compression at the REZ of the cranial nerves because they are functional diseases initial treatment is medical especially with CBZ however if medical therapy fails to adequately manage the pain microvascular decompression mvd is prescribed GPN is rare and combined TG and GPN is an extremely rare disorder a yearold woman presented herself to hokkaido neurosurgical memorial hospital because of paroxysms of lancinating pain in her left pharynx and another lancinating pain in her left cheek CBZ which was prescribed at another hospital favorably relieved the pain however drug eruption compelled her to discontinue the medication the multivolume method revealed that a root entry zone of the left glossopharyngeal nerve was compressed by the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery and the left trigeminal artery was compressed by the left SCA mvd for both SN was performed employing a left lateral suboccipital craniotomy she experienced complete relief of pain immediately after mvd combined trigeminal and GPN is extremely rare but some groups noted a relatively high incidence of concurrent TG neuralgia in patients with GPN up until the s glossopharyngeal neuralgia includes pain near the gonion therefore there is an overlap of symptoms between glossopharyngeal and TG neuralgias by virtue of recent progress in imaging technology minute preoperative evaluations of microvascular compression are possible until the s there might have been some misunderstanding regarding the overlap of PS because of lack of the concept of microvascular compression as a cause of neuralgia and rudimentary imaging technology minute evaluations of both symptoms and imaging are very important
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mirror movements mm refer to involuntary contractions occurring in rat muscles contralateral to the voluntary movements in righthanders greater mm occur in the RA hand during movements of the nondominant left hand than conversely however it remains to know if such behavioural asymmetry of mm relies only on motor processes or if it is also related to attentional and executive processes this study explores mm behavioural asymmetry and its CBF correlates with EEG in righthanded healthy adults we investigated the quantity and the intensity of mm and the associated taskrelated SP changes in the beta band over CE regions motor processes in the alpha band over the parietal regions attentional processes and in the theta band over FC regions executive processes behavioural results revealed greater mm in the RA hand when the left hand was AS than the reverse this behavioural asymmetry was associated with asymmetry in the cortical activations over motor Az greater mm in the RA hand correlated with activation over the contralateral left motor region revealing that selective inhibition of one hand induced activation of the motor SC leading to mm in addition increased cortical activations over parietal and frontomesial regions suggest that an increase of attentional and executive processes is required to inhibit one hand independently of its side all in all this study highlights that sidespecific motor and nonsidespecific attentional and executive processes are associated to the mm asymmetry
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robotassisted therapy has been proved ERP for dyskinesia and has many unique advantages compared with traditional treatment such as repeatability accuracy objectivity but some studies show that the effect of the robotassisted rehabilitation for improving patients activities of daily life adls is not obvious this study introduces a novel auxiliary methodvibration stimulation combined with robots which may improve patients adls in controlled trials two kinds of feedbackvibration and visual FB are applied to prompt subjects for rehabilitation and electromyographic signals emgs and motion parameters are recorded in real time experimental results show that subjects emgs using vibration feedback are similar to healthy people and characteristics of motion are closer to the theoretical value compared with control group vibration stimulation may serve as a kind of efficient auxiliary means to improve the efficiency of neurological rehabilitation
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the inhibitory action of a number of different hormonal CS and related EDC on the hydroxylation of estradiol by male rat CL microsomes was examined by a radiometric CA progesterone diethylstilbestrol testosterone and androstenedione were found to be the most potent of the EDC tested but inhibition was also observed with other steroids and a group of androgen analogs which are aromatization inhibitors the kinetic constant ki for those steroids which gave linear double reciprocal plots when added to hestradiol was determined and the products from cestradiol in the presence of the inhibitors were examined by tlc and autoradiography the addition of steroids with a hydroxyl group such as testosterone or dihydroequilin resulted in the formation of mainly hydroxyestradiol with smaller amounts of other metabolites while those with a reducible ketonic group such as progesterone androstenedione equilin or equilenin gave rise to considerable amounts of estrone in addition to the catechol estrogens further purification of the liver microsomes did not alter this effect the possible role of progesterone and the catechol estrogens in the control of estrogen hydroxylation in CL as well as other aspects of steroid interaction are discussed
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visible alteration of the optic nerve head is a hallmark of glaucoma five patterns in which this alteration becomes manifest have been discussed these different patterns of cupping suggest different pathogenetic mechanisms both mechanical and vascular
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the effects of graded lower body negative pressure and mm hg on vascular resistance and plasma vasopressin norepinephrine and renin activity were assessed in seven hypertensive subjects with left VVI hypertrophy and seven sexmatched and agematched normotensive subjects in both CG increasing levels of lower body negative pressure induced a progressive decrease in RA atrial pressure and an increase in V1 resistance in normal subjects plasma vasopressin norepinephrine and renin activity were progressively raised whereas only the higher level of stimulation increased plasma renin activity norepinephrine and vasopressin in HT propranolol induced a significant increase in plasma vasopressin in normal subjects from to pgml p less than but not in HT in this latter condition mm hg lower body negative pressure failed to increase plasma vasopressin norepinephrine and renin activity in normal subjects propranolol abolished the NC in plasma renin activity in both groups reduced the increase in V1 resistance induced by mm hg lower body negative pressure in normotensive subjects but did not modify the rise in vasopressin elicited by this CS- in normal subjects or the humoral and hemodynamic reflex responses evoked in HT these results suggest that cardiopulmonary receptors are involved in the control of vasopressin release in normal subjects whereas in hypertensive subjects with left VVI hypertrophy this control is altered because of an impaired CF of CP receptors
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since salters results about exp continuous passive motion cpm there are remarkable generally positive experiences on cpmtreatment of the kneejoint now cpmexperiences on shoulder joints are described based on data from patients during the last six years three types of motorized cpmmachines are presented for the treatment of the shoulder joint at the present time they are components of the socalled artromotsystem indications and applications of the cpmdevices are described patients are accepting the new way of treatment promptly because they could apply the devices during the early postoperative period for hours in a selected range of motion causing no pain the duration of the cpmtreatment should be two to four hours a day as shown by salters exp studies the continuous of the concept of shock it is hypothesized that presenting a prototype facilitates learning and retention of the concept shock compared with verbally enumerating the attributes of the same concept a group of students from nursing education participated in the experiment a matched group design guided the assigning of students to different instructional conditions the instructional program consisted of expository texts different types of questions and feedback in the exp condition eight videotaped typical cases of shock were incorporated in the program dataanalysis resulted in confirmation of the hypotheses p less than ie new instances of shock were identified more frequently by students of the EG while these students were also more able to list commonalities and differences between different cases of shock this finding supports the prototypeparadigm in concept learning and implies the recommendation to organize lessons in clinical reasoning or diagnostic behavior around typical cases of concepts
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panic disorder has been associated with altered serotonin metabolism in the brainstem raphe the aim of T0 was to evaluate the br echogenicity on TCS tcs in panic disorder a total of healthy volunteers were enrolled in the derivation cohort and healthy volunteers and PD patients were enrolled in the validation cohort tcs echogenicity of BS raphe and substantia nigra was assessed on anonymized images visually and by means of digitized image analysis significantly reduced BS raphe echogenicity was detected more frequently in panic disorder patients than in controls using both visual vs and digitized image analysis vs the optimal cutoff value of digitized BS raphe echogenicity indicated the diagnosis of panic disorder with a sensitivity of and a specificity of and corresponded to the th percentile in the derivation cohort reduced BS raphe echogenicity was associated with shorter treatment duration and by trend lower severity of anxiety no relationship was found between echogenicity of brainstem raphe or substantia nigra and age gender severity of panic disorder or severity of depression patients with PD exhibit changes of brainstem raphe on tcs suggesting an alteration of the CE serotonergic system
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a highperformance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of MPA mpa and its TG conjugate mpag in human plasma the method involves protein precipitation with acetonitrile followed by ionpair reversedphase chromatography on c column with a mm tetrabutyl ammonium bromide tbaacetonitrile vv mobile phase a microl volume of clear supernatant was injected after centrifugation and the eluent was monitored at nm no interference was found either with endogenous substances or with many concurrently used drugs indicating a good selectivity for the procedure calibration curves were linear over a concentration range of microgml for mpa and microgml for mpag the accuracy of the method is good that is the RE is below the intra and interday reproducibility of the analytical method is adequate with relative statistical deviations of or below the limits of quantification for mpa and mpag were lower than and microgml respectively using microl of plasma the method was used to determine the pharmacokinetic parameters of mpa and mpag following oral administration in a patient with renal transplantation
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in the NK environment most of the phages that target bacteria are thought to exist in biofilm ecosystems the purpose of this T0 was to gain a clearer understanding of the CR of these viral particles when they come into contact with bacteria embedded in biofilms experimentally we quantified lactococcal c phage DWI and reaction through model biofilms using in situ FCS with twophoton excitation correlation curves for fluorescently labeled c phage in nonreacting stenotrophomonas maltophilia biofilms indicated that extracellular polymeric substances did not provide significant resistance to phage penetration and DWI even though penetration and diffusion were sometimes restricted because of the noncontractile tail of the viral particle fluctuations in the FI of the labeled phage were detected throughout the thickness of biofilms formed by csensitive and cresistant strains of lactococcus lactis but could never be correlated with time revealing that the phage was immobile this finding confirmed that recognition IB receptors for the viral particles were present on the resistant bacterial cell wall taken together our results suggest that biofilms may act as active phage reservoirs that can entrap and amplify viral particles and protect them from harsh environments
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asbestos and silica are wellknown fibrogenic dusts however there is no comprehensive understanding of the molecular and cellular events that lead to fibrosis as a consequence of asbestos or silica inhalation previous studies have shown that asbestos stimulates superoxide anion production in AM macrophages through the phospholipase cprotein kinase c pathway in contrast Si does not appear to activate this pathway nor stimulate superoxide anion production but Si does stimulate cytokine release by some undetermined pathway therefore using HAM isolated from normal healthy volunteers we evaluated the potential involvement of intracellular calcium and tyrosine kinases as potential signal transduction pathways in the absence of SS crystalline Si and to a lesser extent amorphous Si caused a rapid and dosedependent elevation of intracellular calcium coming from the extracellular space however in the presence of SS which is required for silicastimulated cytokine PR neither form of Si caused noticeable elevation of intracellular calcium Si however did increase the extent of tyrosine phosphorylation most notably of proteins at approximately and kda suggesting activation of a tyrosine kinase pathway preincubation of AM macrophages for hr with silicaprimed human alveolar macrophages for enhanced interleukin beta il beta PR stimulated by endotoxin lps that was dose dependent the enhanced lpsstimulated PR of il beta correlated with enhanced MAP kinase activity taken together these results indicate that a IMT kinase pathway is G1 during Si stimulation of human alveolar macrophages
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