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a casecontrol T0 revealed association between hypertension and rs in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase enos gene promoter minormajor S2 tc S2 we aimed at substantiating these preliminary findings by target sequencing cell experiments and a population study we sequenced the kb genomic area encompassing the enos gene in hela and hekt cells transfected with the enos promoter carrying either the t or the c S2 we quantified transcription by luciferase assay in randomly recruited europeans women mean age years we studied blood pressure NC and incidence of hypertension in relation to rs using multivariableadjusted models sequencing confirmed rs a binding site of etwenty six transcription AF as the single nucleotide polymorphism most closely associated with hypertension in t compared with c transfected cells enos promoter activity was from to ectopic portosystemic shunts that do not tend to result in gastrointestinal one balloonoccluded VA transvenous obliteration is an established treatment for gastric varices we report a yearold man with melena due to ruptured DU varices originating at an inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein drainage was into a gonadal vein his ruptured DU varices were successfully treated by dual balloonoccluded embolotherapy | MEDAL |
the strong carcinogens nmethylnnitrosourea mnu nmethylnnitronnitrosoguanidine mnng react with phosphatidylethanolamine pe in chicken EA ghosts or rat kidney cells whereas a weak carcinogen methyl methanesulphonate mms does not the reactions of these agents with commercial pe were also carried out and their reactivities were compared with their carcinogenic potencies when compared with the amount of pe of the blank and of pe were reacted with mnng mnu and mms respectively this indicated that mnng is approximately times more reactive than mnu while mms does not react with pe correlating with their tumorigenic potencies on mouse skin a positive correlation was also observed between the CR of a series of nmethylnarylnnitrosoureas ix to pe and their tumorigenicity in the case of the nitrosoureas the reactions proceeded through carbamoylation of the amino group in pe by the isocyanates generated from the agents furthermore many isocyanates also reacted with pe just as the strong carcinogens did our present results suggest that both alkylation of dna and reaction with cell CM would be required for the formation of transformed benign cells for progression of the benign to malignant cells further alkylation of dna would be required and the carcinogenic potency of the agents may result from a combination of both reactions | MEDAL |
thyrotroph cell hyperplasia in primary HT though well described is often not discussed as it remains clinically silent this hyperplasia in long standing juvenile primary HT presenting as pituitary RT is very uncommon we report four patients with juvenile primary hypothyroidism who were detected to have sellarsuprasellar masses on imaging performed for unrelated symptoms and complete resolution in three of them after lthyroxine replacement therapy | MEDAL |
the mainstay of treatment of pertrochanteric fractures is internal fixation using a SHS or a cephalomedullary device however in patients with ipsilateral hip osteoarthritis or avascular CN of the femoral head or inflammatory arthritis arthroplasty should be considered as the primary treatment modality to reduce the likelihood of a AA procedure unstable fracture patterns with concomitant poor bone SQ represent a challenge for internal fixation with high rates of lag screw cutout and hardware failure prosthetic replacement for unstable pertrochanteric fractures has therefore been considered as an alternative primary treatment option further prospective randomized trials are required | MEDAL |
perioperative morbidity rates following esophagectomy for esophageal CA remain quite high even at highvolume centers complications may include stricture at the esophagogastric eg anastomosis as well as tracheoesophageal or tracheogastric fistula formation fullycovered selfexpanding metal stents fcsems have only recently been described for use in benign esophageal disease the use of fcsems for the management of postoperative complications following esophagectomy has not been well studied we report our observations in three consecutive patients that underwent placement and subsequent removal of a new fullycovered metal stent wallflex esophageal stent for treatment of dysphagia due to a persistent stricture at the eg anastomosis | MEDAL |
this study was undertaken to clarify the mechanism of the antihypertensive effect of coenzyme q coq twentysix patients with essential arterial hypertension were treated with oral coq mg twice daily for weeks plasma coq SS total and highdensity lipoprotein hdl cholesterol and blood pressure were determined in all patients before and at the end of the week period at the end of the treatment systolic blood pressure sbp decreased from to mmhg and diastolic blood pressure dbp decreased from to mmhg p plasma coq values increased from microgramml to microgramsml p STC decreased from mgdl to mgdl p and serum hdl cholesterol increased from mgdl to mgdl p in a G1 of patients serum sodium and potassium plasma clinostatic and orthostatic renin activity urinary aldosterone hour sodium and potassium were determined before and at the end of the week period in five of these patients peripheral resistances were evaluated with radionuclide angiocardiography total IP resistances were dynescm before treatment and dynscm after treatment p plasma renin activity SS and urinary sodium and potassium and urinary aldosterone did not NC in a second group of patients plasma endothelin electrocardiogram 2DE echocardiogram and hour automatic blood pressure monitoring were determinedabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
the intercellular CSD of assimilatory sulfate reduction enzymes between mesophyll and bundle sheath cells was analyzed in maize zea mays l and wheat triticum aestivum l leaves in maize a c plant to of adenosine phosphosulfate sulfotransferase and to of atp sulfurylase activity ec was detected in the BSC sulfite reductase ec and oacetyllserine sulfhydrylase ec were found in both BS and mesophyll cell types in wheat a c species atp sulfurylase and adenosine phosphosulfate sulfotransferase were found at equivalent activities in both mesophyll and BSC leaves of etiolated maize plants contained appreciable atp sulfurylase activity but only trace adenosine phosphosulfate sulfotransferase activity both enzyme MICs increased in the BSC during greening but remained at negligible C2 in mesophyll cells in leaves of maize grown without addition of a sulfur source for d the specific activity of adenosine phosphosulfate sulfotransferase and atp sulfurylase in the BSC was higher than in the controls in the mesophyll cells however both enzyme activities remained undetectable the intercellular CSD of enzymes would indicate that the first two steps of sulfur assimilation are restricted to the BSC of c plants and this restriction is independent of ontogeny and the sulfur nutritional status of the plants | MEDAL |
to determine retinal nerve fiber layer rnfl thickness measurements in normal ocular hypertensive oht and glaucomatous asian indian eyes | MEDAL |
LIS is a potent competitive inhibitor of purified rb lung ace dissociation t min to examine reversibility of binding and ace functional activity in situ the singlepass SE e of an ilisinopril analogue a and the hydrolysis of an ace ATP benzphealapro bpap were studied lungs were perfused at mlmin with a krebsalbumin solution a bolus containing cdextran hbpap and a was injected and ea measured by MID technique bpap metabolism m was reflected by the appearance of its hydrolysis product hbenzphe in lung effluent control ea was mean sd n and mbpap was n unlabeled LIS nmol in the bolus significantly reduced ea and mbpap to and respectively ten T2 later ea and mbpap had returned to control values reduction of ea was partially reversible and mbpap completely reversible T3 min T3 recirculation with mm lisinopril for min however significant depression of ea was evident for min after exposure to lisinopril was discontinued thus rapid as well as slowly reversible components of inhibition of ace inhibitor IB can be demonstrated in the perfused rb lung | MEDAL |
myriocin is a TPS serine palmitoyltransferase spt inhibitor whose effect on the BB is unknown BB amine metabolism and sphingolipid biosynthesis were studied in mice treated intraperitoneally with or mgkg per day of myriocin for days regional concentrations of dopamine da dihydroxyphenylacetic acid dopac homovanillic acid hva hydroxytryptamine ht serotonin hydroxyindoleacetic acid hiaa and norepinephrine ne were determined sphinganine sa and sphingosine so concentrations and spt activity in brain and CL were used to evaluate the impact of myriocin on sphingolipid biosynthesis myriocin treatment increased da in striatum and hippocampus and reduced it in SC ne concentration decreased in cerebellum and ht levels were reduced in SC and in MO changes in ratios for dopacda and hvada were observed in hippocampus cortex and midbrain brain sa so and spt activity remained unchanged whereas sa and spt activity decreased in liver results showed that myriocin may alter the C2 and metabolism of brain amines and this effect is not related with inhibition of sphingolipid biosynthesis in the NS | MEDAL |
contact lensrelated acanthamoeba keratitis has been associated with the use of SCLs and homemade saline solutions we studied the adherence of acanthamoeba to unworn extendedwear SCLs on a human corneal isolate of acanthamoeba castellanii suspended in normal saline cysts x ml trophozoites x ml unworn hydrogel CLs polymacon water content lenses lens segments were exposed to a castellanii cysts or trophozoites with or without stirring after SE for zero to seven hours SCLs were or were not washed and the a castellanii adherence was determined with a standardized lightmicroscopy technique fields ten lens segments for each count and with SEM microscopy both cysts and trophozoites adhered to the unworn SCLs trophozoites showed acanthopodia lobopodia and filopodia this study indicates that both a castellanii cysts and trophozoites can firmly adhere to unworn soft contact lens such adherence may play a role in the pathogenesis of soft contact lensrelated AK | MEDAL |
the preceding article identified key components of pregabalins mode of action on nongenotoxic HSA formation in mice including increased SS bicarbonate leading to decreased respiratory rate increased blood ph increased venous oxygen saturation increased VE growth factor and basic FB growth factor expression increased hepatic VEGFR expression and increased ironladen macrophages increased platelet count and platelet activation were early speciesspecific biomarkers in mice dysregulated IDE macrophage activation and elevations of tissue growth factors were consistent with the unified mode of action for nongenotoxic hemangiosarcoma recently proposed at an international HSA workshop cohen s m storer r d criswell k a doerrer n g dellarco v l pegg d g wojcinski z w malarkey d e jacobs a c klaunig j e et al hemangiosarcoma in rodents modeofaction evaluation and human relevance toxicol sci in this article we present evidence that pregabalin induces hypoxia and increases endothelial cell ec proliferation in a speciesspecific manner dietary administration of pregabalin produced a significant increase in an immunohistochemical stain for hypoxia hypoxyprobe in livers from pregabalintreated mice increased hypoxyprobe IF was not observed in the CL bone marrow or SP of rats supporting the hypothesis that pregabalin produces local tissue hypoxia in a speciesspecific manner transcriptional analysis supports that rats unlike mice adapt to pregabalininduced hypoxia using a duallabel method increased ec proliferation was observed as early as weeks in mouse liver and weeks in bone marrow following pregabalin administration these same assays showed decreased ec proliferation in hepatic ecs of rats further supporting species specificity dietary supplementation with vitamin e which is known to have antioxidant and antiangiogenic activity inhibited pregabalininduced increases in mouse hepatic ec proliferation providing confirmatory evidence for the proposed mode of action and its speciesspecific response | MEDAL |
the oxitester method a novel simple and fast photometric method for the evaluation of the antioxidant capacity of olive oils was validated and compared to the official oil stability index rancimat method the oxitester method appeared to be a good alternative to the rancimat method with adequate rho for a wide range of virgin olive oil samples including extrissima virgin olive oils rho coefficient and extra virgin olive oils of increased pH free fatty acids correlation coefficient other quality factors flavor free fatty acids content specific absorbance at and nm peroxide value and content of oleic linoleic and linolenic acids were also measured and correlated to the antioxidant capacity values of the oxitester and rancimat methods the oxitester method in contrast to the rancimat method was indicative of the flavor characteristics of the olive oils and the content of linolenic acid | MEDAL |
intracranial microinjections of the gabaa agonist muscimol were used to assess the involvement of the dentatointerposed cerebellar nuclear complex in the performance of the conditioned cr and unconditioned ur nictitating membrane responses in the rb specifically the experiments test the hypothesis that the cerebellar nuclei are involved in the performance of both the crs and urs the experiments employed temporary nuclear lesions to disrupt the crs in order to examine parallel effects on urs animals were CS in a standard delay conditioning paradigm i.t. CS at which the muscimol application disrupted execution of the crs were identified in each rabbit once these CS were found the effects of muscimol and saline i.v. were evaluated while alternating paired trials with unpaired trials in which only the unconditioned stimuli were applied there are two main findings in the present study first the activation of the gabaa receptors in the dentatointerposed cerebellar nuclear region reduced the amplitude and increased the RL of the ur this NC in the ur closely paralleled the disruption of the cr this observation is consistces in SM and serum choline concentration and choline and acetylcholine concentrations and choline AT activities of three forebrain regions SC hippocampus and the remaining forebrain mice with dementia were produced by mating sibling mice who had impaired SM for generations these mice had poor SM and low BB acetylcholine concentration we administered mg of egg phosphatidylcholine phosphatidylcholine group or water control group by gavage to each mouse daily for about d control mice with PSD had poorer memory in passive avoidance performance and lower brain choline cortex and hippocampus and acetylcholine hippocampus and forebrain excluding cortex and hippocampus concentrations and lower SC ChAT than the control NM p the administration of phosphatidylcholine to mice with PSD improved memory and generally increased BB choline and acetylcholine concentrations to or above the C2 of the control normal mice in normal mice phosphatidylcholine treatment did not affect SM or acetylcholine concentrations in spite of the great increase in choline concentrations in the three brain regions serum choline concentration in mice treated with phosphatidylcholine increased to a similar level in both strains of mice indicating that the absorption of phosphatidylcholine was not impaired in mice with dementia the results suggest that administration of egg phosphatidylcholine to mice with dementia increases BB acetylcholine concentration and improves memory | MEDAL |
evidence has accumulated over the years supporting glu as the primary neurotransmitter used by hair cells in afferent cochlear neurotransmission besides acting on ionotropic glutamate receptors glutamate also activates second messenger systems via gproteincoupled metabotropic glu receptors mglurs to modulate neuronal excitability however it is unclear whether mglurs participate in cochlear neurotransmission we present evidence directly supporting a PET role for GI metabotropic glu receptors mgluris in spiral ganglion sg neurons the presence of mgluri and downstream gprotein subunits was demonstrated by molecular biology and immunolabeling methods direct activation of mgluris in cultured sg SN resulted in transient increases of intracellular ca concentration and transient inward currents that gave rise to firings of multiple action potentials these responses showed mgluri pharmacological specificity and quickly desensitized we next examined changes in cochlear function after noise exposure as a result of pharmacologically manipulating cochlear glutamate neurotransmission these in vivo tests showed that blocking nonnmethyldaspartic acid glu receptors was sufficient to eliminate compound action potentials of the auditory nerve and pharmacologically inhibiting mgluris in the cochlea did not significantly affect the hearing threshold in contrast blocking mgluris lowered the amplitude of compound action potentials at louder sound C2 and reduced the noiseinduced temporary threshold shift our results suggest that although mgluris did not initiate fast excitatory cochlear neurotransmission their activation contributed to the growth of excitatory responses of the cochlea as a result the cochlea was more resistant to noiseinduced temporary hearing losses without the activation of mgluris in sg neurons | MEDAL |
to conduct an economic analysis ea of coronary calcium scoring ccs using a score as alternative to stress electrocardiography secg in diagnosing PD disease cad | MEDAL |
radiationinduced free radicals and luminescence properties were investigated in γirradiated kgy pomegranate punica granatum l fruits photostimulated luminescence psl analysis showed limited applicability and only kgyirradiated pomegranates showed positive psl values pcs thermoluminescence tl glow curve features such as intensity and the presence of maximum glow peak in radiationspecific temperature range °c provided definite proof of irradiation and the tl ratios tltl also confirmed the reliability of tl results scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive xray semedx analysis of the separated minerals showed that feldspar and quartz minerals were responsible for the luminescence properties radiationinduced cellulose radicals were detected in the seeds and rinds by esr analysis the esr results were better in FD samples than in alcoholextracted ones a positive correlation was found between the esr and tl signal intensities and irradiation doses however the most promising detection of the irradiation status was possible through tl analysis | MEDAL |
rats were undernourished during the suckling and early postweaning periods and were then fed a good SQ diet AL from to days when behavioural testing was begun male previously undernourished and control rats were tested on three operant conditioning schedules in which low rates of barpressing were rewarded with food differential reinforcement of low rate or drl schedules these were drl sec drl sec and drl sec on each schedule the response rates of both CG of animals declined over several sessions and their efficiency at obtaining the food rewards increased however there were no significant differences between the two groups on either of these measures this finding indicates that despite being hyperresponsive in many situations including some operant conditioning schedules previously undernourished rats are as capable as controls of withholding responding when necessary | MEDAL |
this study focuses on an implementation facilitation strategy to improve the delivery of anticoagulation care within pharmacyrun clinics across veterans health administration va medical centers other studies have explored various models of implementation facilitation including external facilitation ef internal facilitation if and blended facilitation bf combining both approaches this T0 focuses on the use of an internal facilitation team of anticoagulation coordinators representing va AC clinics to enhance the implementation process this T0 examines how the team became instrumental in the successful implementation of evidencebased practice NC | MEDAL |
flap CN is one of the L1 complications of reconstructive surgery and sildenafil citrate has been shown to decrease flap necrosis in preclinical animal models however the mechanisms underlying sildenafils therapeutic efficacy are not known as with other phosphodiesterase selective inhibitors sildenafil causes vasodilation and enhanced blood flow in addition sildenafil can also alter mRNA this T0 is designed to test the hypothesis that increased expression of angiogenic growth factors may be responsible for therapeutic efficacy of sildenafil a modified mcfarlane flap measuring x cm was created on the dorsal skin of male spraguedawley rats for growth factor expression experiment rats were administered either vehicle or sildenafil mgkg intraperitoneal ip ribonucleic acid rna extracted from skin flap was analyzed to assess the messenger ribonucleic acid mrna levels of different angiogenic growth AF for skin flap viability experiment fibrin film impregnated with VH fibroblast growth factor fgf microg or VE growth factor vegf microg was applied to the wound the skin flap was then returned to its native position and stapled in place total affected area AN and blood flow stasis of each rat on postoperative day was analyzed with orthogonal polarization spectral imaging daily SVR treatment with sildenafil significantly p increased the expression of fgf and fgf receptor on postoperative day by and fold respectively in addition sildenafil increased the expression of vegfa vegfb and vegfc by and fold respectively subcutaneous treatment with fgf but not vegfa tended to decrease total affected area in rats these data demonstrate that sildenafil altered the expression of fgf and vegf altered expression of growth factors may be at least partly responsible for the beneficial effects of SC on skin viability | MEDAL |
some researchers have focused on the adsorption of solid particles at fluidfluid interfaces and prepared emulsions and foams called pickering emulsionsfoams however while several reports exist on simple spherical emulsions few reports are available on the formation of more complex structures here we show that holes on particle surfaces are a key factor in establishing the variety and complexity of mesoscale structures microbowls which are hollow particles with holes on their surfaces form multiple emulsions waterinoilinwater and oilinwaterinoil emulsions by simply mixing them with water and oil furthermore SD potatolike or coffeebeanlike emulsions are also obtained although nonspherical emulsions are usually unstable because of their larger interfacial energies these findings are useful in designing the building blocks of complex supracolloidal systems for pharmaceutical food and cosmetic products | MEDAL |
the aims of the present study were to determine the changes in forced vital capacity fvc forced expiratory volume in sec fev and peak expiratory flow pef during an ascent to m in the nepalese himalayas and to correlate the changes with arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry spo and symptoms of acute mountain sickness ams fortysix subjects were studied twice daily during an ascent from m mean PB mmhg to m mean barometric pressure mmhg during a period of between and days measurements of fvc fev pef spo and ams were recorded ams was assessed using a standardized scoring system fvc fell with altitude by a mean of from sea level values confidence intervals ci to at m and ci to at m fev did not NC with increasing ALT pef increased with ALT by a mean of ci to at m and ci to at m these changes were not significantly related to spo or ams scores these results confirm a progressive fall in fvc and increase in pef with increasing hypobaric hypoxia while fev remains unchanged the increase in pef is less than would be predicted from the NC in gas density the fall in fvc may be due to reduced inspiratory force producing a reduction in TLC subclinical pulmonary edema an increase in pulmonary blood volume or changes in airway closure the absence of a rho between the spirometric changes and spo or ams may simply reflect that these measurements of pulmonary function are not sufficiently sensitive indicators of altituderelated disease further studies are required to clarify the effects of HH on lung volumes and flows in an attempt to obtain a unifying explanation for these changes | MEDAL |
in the interphase nucleus of metazoan cells dna is organized in supercoiled loops anchored to a nuclear matrix nm there is varied evidence indicating that dna replication occurs in replication factories organized upon the nm and that dna loops may correspond to the actual replicons in vivo in normal rat CL the HCs are arrested in g but they synchronously reenter the cell cycle T3 partialhepatectomy leading to LR in vivo we have previously determined in quiescent rat hepatocytes that a kbp genomic region containing members of the Al gene family is organized into five structural dna loops | MEDAL |
twenty patients with endstage renal failure who were on MHD hd underwent pulmonary CF testing pft before and shortly after an hd session on prehd pft the mean values of all parameters except residual volume rv were in the normal range mean rv was high and mean DLCO for carbon monoxide dlco was highnormal the prehd static inspiratory pimax and expiratory pressures pemax were much lower than normal and respectively after the hd session repeat pft revealed a small increase in expiratory flow rates and a significant drop in pimax there was a strong correlation between pimax and pemax r p at the pre and posthd stages indicating that common mechanisms are responsible for impairment of both inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength the wellpreserved dlco was thought to be due to the use of biocompatible dialyzer membranes chronic vascular congestion might be the other explanation of high dlco | MEDAL |
the GER and SVR availability of levodopa administered as a single oral dose was studied in six elderly parkinsonian patients five elderly nonparkinsonian subjects and six young healthy volunteers in both elderly CG gastric emptying was slowed relative to the young healthy volunteers the lack of significant differences in the plasma beta halflife of levodopa among the three CG was accompanied by increased absorption of the drug in the elderly patient groups these findings are discussed in relation to a possible agerelated alteration in the activity of IP DDC in the elderly PP | MEDAL |
the use of different waste materials pine bark coconut fibre and sewage sludge as substrates in the production of ornamental plants was studied with an special interest on the suitability of coconut fibre as growing ATP for conifer plants the plant species tested were pinus pinea cupressus arizonica and c sempervirens and the ATP mixtures were pine bark pine bark with of SS compost pine bark with of SS compost coconut fibre coconut fibre with of sewage sludge compost and coconut fibre with of sewage sludge compost substrates were physically and chemically well characterized and cm plants were grown on them for one year plant and ATP status were periodically tested along the experiment as biosolid recycling is the main objective of the present work the mixtures with of composted sewage sludge will be the most convenient ATP to use for c sempervirens and c arizonica a mixture between pine bark or coconut fibre and of biosolid compost in volume gave the best results but the lower cost of the pine bark than the coconut fibre ATP indicated the use of the pb css for p pinea the research of new combinations between waste products is recommended to attain better results | MEDAL |
we previously demonstrated that media conditioned by SE to ventral mesencephalic vm cultures in the presence of pramipexole ppx and other drugs with dopamine da d properties increased the growth and survival of da SN in recipient vm cultures this trophic activity was HL and not present in parietal SC cultures or cultures pretreated with the da neuron toxin mpp in an effort to begin to identify the proteins responsible for this trophic effect we compared the CS media from normal vm cultures vm cultures incubated with ppx and vm cultures pretreated with mpp and treated with ppx NT studies using antigdnf and antibdnf failed to reduce the conditioned media transfer effect and millipore ultrafree centrifugation studies placed the molwt of the activity around kda sds separation revealed three potential bands of interest a kda band was present in normal cultures increased in ppxincubated cultures and absent in mpppretreatedppxincubated cultures this conforms to the effect the protein concentrates used to produce these gels had on the growth of da SN in vm cultures since vm cultures grown in neural basal media which inhibits the growth of glia still responded to ppx in a dosedependent fashion the trophic activity may be a da autotrophic factor however the gels also revealed two bands at approximately and kda that were reduced by exposure to ppx and present in mpppretreated cultures the possibility that these are neuroinhibitory factors that are also regulated by ppx therefore cannot be ruled out | MEDAL |
the tau of treatment of patients with malignant lymphoma presenting with mediastinal RT was evaluated they included patients with HD disease and with nonhodgkins lymphoma nhl numbers of patients with stage i ii iii and iv disease according to annarbors classification were and respectively stage i patients were treated with chop therapy after radiotherapy rt stage ii and iii patients were treated with rt T3 copblam chemotherapy stage iv patients were treated with copblam iii regimen pCR was achieved in of patients and partial remission in all patients with HD disease and with nhl attained CR remission all patients in stage i to iii and in stage iv achieved pCR overall median survival was months the incidence of bone marrow involvement and bulky mass was significantly different between stage iii and stage iiiiv patients p these results indicate that combination treatment with rt and chemotherapy with regimens including adriamycin was ERP in patients with malignant lymphoma presenting with mediastinal RT especially in those without bone marrow infiltration and bulky mass | MEDAL |
in mediterranean countries almost half the incidence of nonsyndromic congenital hearing loss is caused by mutations in the gap junction gj connexin gene gjbdfnb locus in this form of deafness the cochlear defect is usually isolated we describe here the first case of HH in association with this particular cochlear defect the male patient had moderate deafness inherited from his deaf parents all family members had a homozygous delg mutation in the connexin gene this mutation accounts for of all connexin gene mutations the patient was referred to a paediatric endocrinology unit at years of age for moderate growth retardation growth rate was normal until years the patient then presented delayed puberty testicular volume ml penis length cm and did not undergo the usual pubertal growth spurt lh and fsh secretory responses to gnrh at the age of years bone age years were lh baseline level iul peak iul fsh baseline level iul peak iul testosterone concentration was ngml from to years old testosterone concentration ranged from to ngml antimullerian hormone amh level was ngml normal for tanner stage i cortisol ngml and acth pgml karyotype was xy on mri analysis the anterior pituitary and OBs were normal these data were consistent with partial hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism of hypothalamic origin and the patient was treated with testosterone this report supports the possible involvement of connexins in puberty initiation connexins may play a part in the coordination and synchronisation of gnrh PR | MEDAL |
the aim of this longitudinal T0 was to determine age and sexstandardised prevalence rates of cancerrelated fatigue in different groups of patients | MEDAL |
a rapid and convenient method has been developed to monitor the inhibition of inosinate imp dehydrogenase by antimetabolites in IN human cem lymphocytes this method is based on the determination of h PR from hhypoxanthine hhx or hinosine hino the validity of this procedure was assessed by evaluating imp dehydrogenase inhibition in IN cem cells by the wellknown imp dehydrogenase inhibitors ribavirin mycophenolic acid and tiazofurin as REF materials several EDC that are targeted at other enzymes in de novo purine nucleotide anabolism ie hadacidine acivicin or catabolism ie aminoguanosine allopurinol were evaluated there was a strong rho between the GABA effects of the imp dehydrogenase inhibitors ribavirin MPA tiazofurin on h PR from hhx and hino in IN cem cells and their ability to decrease intracellular gtp pool levels the other compounds hadacidine acivicin aminoguanosine allopurinol had no marked effect on h PR from hhx using this method we demonstrated that the novel ribavirin analogue ethynylbetadribofuranosylimidazolecarboxamide is a potent inhibitor of imp dehydrogenase in intact cells | MEDAL |
bone ischaemia can result from four mechanisms interruption of arterial inflow eg T3 femoral neck fracture occlusion of VO possibly due to capsular distension intravascular arteriolar occlusion as in sickle cell disease extravascular sinusoidal tamponade eg in gauchers disease ON following highdosage corticosteroid administration or alcohol abuse could theoretically be due to either intravascular fat embolism or sinusoidal tamponade resulting from the marked fat deposition in the marrow it is proposed here that except in traumatic osteonecrosis vascular insufficiency is part of a cycle of events resembling the familiar soft tissue compartment syndrome of the forearm or leg no matter whether it started with venous stasis arteriolar occlusion or capillary tamponade the result is a diffuse and selfenhancing ischaemia involving all three haemodynamic CA in a vicious circle the very earliest stage of idiopathic ON is characterised chiefly by marrow changes for some undetermined period the ischaemic effects are potentially reversibleprovided the vicious circle is broken by relieving the high IO pressure effective management involves a early diagnosis by mr imaging measurement of intraosseous pressure and venography b decompression of the bone and c elimination of the etiological factor later stages of ON cannot be treated by decompression and will need realignment osteotomy prosthetic replacement or arthrodesis | MEDAL |
to assess the tau and tolerability of adjunctive lev in idiopathic generalized epilepsy ige syndromes with onset during adolescence juvenile AE jae juvenile myoclonic epilepsy jme and GTC seizures on awakening gtcsa | MEDAL |
we searched the medline cinahl and cochrane library databases for articles published between january and november the update of this clinical practice guideline is based on clinical studies and systematic reviews review articles that investigated capnographycapnometry during mechanical ventilation and the american HR association guidelines for CP resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care the following recommendations are made following the grading of recommendations assessment OD and evaluation grade scoring system continuouswaveform capnography is recommended in addition to clinical assessment to confirm and monitor correct placement of an ET tube if waveform capnography is not available a nonwaveform exhaled co monitor in addition to clinical assessment is suggested as the initial method for confirming correct tube placement in a patient in cardiac arrest ET co petco is suggested to guide ventilator management continuous capnometry during transport of the MV patients is suggested capnography is suggested to identify abnormalities of exhaled air flow volumetric capnography is suggested to assess co elimination and the ratio of deadspace volume to tidal volume vdvt to optimize mechanical ventilation quantitative waveform capnography is suggested in intubated patients to monitor CP SQ optimize chest compressions and detect return of spontaneous circulation during chest compressions or when rhythm check reveals an organized rhythm | MEDAL |
the survival of an organism depends on its ability to respond to its environment through its senses the sense of touch is one of the most vital still it is the least understood in the process of touch sensation a mechanical stimulus is converted into electrical signals groundbreaking electrophysiological experiments in organisms ranging from bacteria to mammals have suggested that this conversion may occur through the activation of SAC that gate in response to mechanical stimuli however the molecular identity of these channels has remained elusive for a very long time breakthroughs in our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of touch sensation have come from the analysis of touchinsensitive mutants in MM organisms such as caenorhabditis elegans and drosophila melanogaster this review will focus on the elegant genetic molecular imaging and electrophysiological studies that demonstrate that a channel complex composed of two members of the degenac gene family of channel subunits named for the c elegans degenerins and the related mammalian epithelial amiloridesensitive na channel mec and mec and accessory subunits is gated by mechanical forces in touchsensing neurons from c elegans i also report here EP and behavioral studies employing KO that have recently shown that mammalian homologues of mec mec and accessory subunits are needed for normal mechanosensitivity in mouse suggesting a conserved CF for this channel family across species the c elegans genome encodes degenac channels i discuss here the global role of degenacs in mechanosensation reporting findings on the role of other three nematode degenacs unc del and unc in MS and stretchsensitive behaviors finally this review will discuss findings in which members of another family of SAC the TRP channels family have been implicated in mechanosensitive behaviors in organisms ranging from c elegans to mammals | MEDAL |
dopamine da neurons in the ventral tegmental area vta help mediate AS susceptibility and resilience however upstream mechanisms controlling these SN remain unknown NE ne SN in the LC implicated in the pathophysiology of depression have direct connections within the vta here we demonstrate that ne neurons regulate vulnerability to social defeat through GABA control of vta da neurons | MEDAL |
osteoporosis or porous bone is a disease characterized by low bone mass density bmd and structural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility and increased risk of hip spine and wrist fractures there are numerous risk AF for osteoporosis while many of these factors are nongenetic in nature there is a definite genetic component responsible for this condition the main aim of this T0 was to evaluate the association between vdr vitamin d receptor gene polymorphisms fok ag rs and bone mineral density in an iranian defined population | MEDAL |
massive hepatic cell CN can be induced by corynebacterium parvum and lipopolysaccharide lps in rats in this model serum ldh got and gpt MICs are significantly increased in vivo within several hours T3 lps injection an in vitro exp acute liver injury animal model was produced by using multicellular spheroids composed of rat parenchymal and nonparenchymal CL cells these multicellular spheroids were prepared by detaching the confluent monolayer on the collagenconjugated thermoresponsive CP coated SC dish at a temperature below the lower critical solution temperature and culturing it on the nonadhesive substratum lps caused clear elevations of got gpt and ldh MICs from these spheroids into the medium however the increase of ldh activity was only observed in the monolayer SC system these results suggest that the MCS of liver cells are useful models as an alternative to animal tests for hepatotoxicity | MEDAL |
vincristine vcr is one of the most extensively used cytotoxic EDC in hematooncology vcr is particularly important for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic one all a disease that accounts for approximately onethird of all childhood cancer diagnoses vcrs full therapeutic potential has been limited by doselimiting neurotoxicity classically resulting in autonomic and IP sensorymotor neuropathy in the last decade however the discovery that liposomal encapsulation of chemotherapeutics can modulate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of a compound has stimulated much interest in liposomal vcr vincristine sulfate liposomal injection vsli formulations for the treatment of all and other hematological malignancies promising data from recent PCTs investigating vsli in adults with all resulted in us food and drug administration approval for use in patients with philadelphia chromosome tbcrabl phnegative ph disease additional clinical trials of vsli in adults and children with both phpositive ph and ph all are ongoing here we review the preclinical and clinical experience to date with vsli for all | MEDAL |
to determine the pharmacodynamic parameters of dobutamine during dobutamine stress echocardiography dse and to determine how betablocker withdrawal the evening before dse affects responses to dobutamine during dse | MEDAL |
previous studies from our laboratory described a particular type of ovarian dysgenesis which develops in mice after neonatal thymectomy tx at the critical age of DAB the present experiment provides evidence which strongly suggests an autoimmune aetiology for this phenomenon by indirect immunofluorescence ifl and horseradish peroxidase hrpo labelled antibody techniques it was demonstrated that neonatally tx mice of cbcr x ajcrf ba and chhems x jf c hybrids produce circulating autoantibodyies against ooplasma of oocytes aoa in growing follicles but not against oocytes in primordial follicles appearance of aoa was closely correlated with the OD of oophoritis which ws characterized by a rapid and complete loss of oocytes at early adulthood in ba and c mice oophoritis occurred and aoa appeared in sera after tx at day tx but not after tx at days or also in athymic ba and c nude mice neither oophoritis or aoa were detectable CR absorption of aoa with homogenates of isogeneic normal adult ovaries but not with homogenates of xrayirradiated anovular ovaries or granulosa cell tumour may indicate the specificity of aoa aoa was first demonstrated at day in sera of tx mice whose ovaries showed a marked enhancement of follicular degeneration and the death of numerous occytes with or without lymphocyte infiltration high titres of aoa detectable in sera of more than fold dilutions were assayed by the ifl technique at day however aoa gradually diminished in titre with age and disappeared at day when no oocytes remained in the atrophic ovary mice thymectomized at day occasionally produced autoantibodies against ZP and with lesser frequency against steroidproducing cells of the ovary these datad over an year period by means of multivariate analysis at the systematic reexamination in the following variables were determined age systolic blood pressure electrocardiographic ecg abnormalities SS cholesterol SS triglyceride SS alphalipoprotein fraction SS albumin SUA drinking habits smoking habits and body mass index thirty men experienced stroke during the year period the mean value of age systolic blood pressure and SS UA were significantly higher in men who experienced stroke while SS cholesterol triglyceride alphalipoprotein fraction and Al were not seen as statistically significant the high level of SUA correlated with the high incidence of stroke according to stepwise discriminant analysis of the variables ecg CA systolic blood pressure and SUA discriminated of the men who experienced stroke in conclusion a high SUA concentration is noted to be an important risk factor for stroke in the fishing village of ushibuka where high NI of fish protein is common | MEDAL |
magnetic resonance elastography mre requires substantial data processing based on phase image reconstruction wave enhancement and inverse problem solving the objective of this study is to propose a new fast mre method based on mr raw data processing particularly adapted to applications requiring fast mre measurement or high elastogram upd life and SES burden gout the most common form of inflammatory arthritis is a consequence of persistently elevated C2 of urate and the formation of Th1 MSU in joints clinicians have long noted a predilection for both diseases to occur in the same joints in this review we provide an overview into research elucidating possible PSA mechanical and immunological relationships between gout and oa we additionally consider the potential implications of these relationships for oa treatment | MEDAL |
flaviviruses form a large family of enveloped viruses affecting millions of people over the world to date no TPS therapy was suggested for the infected people making the treatment exclusively symptomatic several attempts were performed earlier for the design of F0 inhibitors for mosquitoborne flaviviruses whereas for the tickborne flaviviruses such design had not been performed we have constructed homology models of env glycoproteins of ticktransmitted flaviviruses with the detergent binding pocket in the open state molecular docking of substituted dihydropyridines and pyridobthiadiazines was made against these models and hits were selected for the in vitro exp evaluation seventeen EDC showed significant inhibition against tickborne encephalitis virus powassan virus or omsk HF virus in the PI reduction test in pek cells these compounds identified through rational design are the first ones possessing reproduction inhibition activity against tickborne flaviviruses | MEDAL |
the BK kv is expressed in the heart where it contributes to the repolarization of the cardiac action potential additionally kv is expressed in epithelial tissues playing a role in salt and water transport we recently demonstrated that surfaceexpressed kv is internalized in response to polarization of the epithelial madindarby canine kidney mdck cell L1 and that this was mediated by activation of protein kinase c pkc in this T0 the pathway downstream of pkc which leads to internalization of kv upon cell polarization is elucidated we show by confocal microscopy that kv is endocytosed upon initiation of the polarization process and sent for Kd by the lysosomal pathway the internalization could be mimicked by pharmacological activation of the ampactivated protein kinase ampk using three different ampk activators we demonstrate that the downstream effector of ampk is the e ubiquitin ligase nedd additionally we show that ampk activation results in a downregulation of kv currents in xenopus oocytes through a nedddependent mechanism in summary surfaceexpressed kv channels are endocytosed and sent for degradation in lysosomes by an ampkmediated activation of nedd during the initial phase of the mdck cell polarization process | MEDAL |
eosinophils are possibly the most important inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of CRS with NP eosinophilic nasal mucosal infiltration is characteristic of nasal polyposis the aim of this work was to study the possibility of correlations between cytological and tissue eosinophilia in patients with NP and with the stage of the disease if this correlation exists nasal cytology will be very useful in diagnosis and management of patients with nasal polyposis | MEDAL |
wallerian demyelination is characteristic of IP nerve degeneration after traumatic injury after axonal degeneration the myelinated schwann cell undergoes a stereotypical cellular program that results in the disintegration of the myelin sheath a process termed demyelination in this review we chronologically describe thisension lvedd left ventricular PWT lvpwt and interventricular septal wall thickness ivs studies in english and chinese were found based on a systematic search of medline embase cnki and wanfang databases the dominant MM tt vs tccc and homozygote model tt vs cc were selected to examine the association between the ct polymorphism and lvh the randomeffects model was used to pool data from a total of participants despite the investigation of six echocardiographic indicators we found no significant association between the ct variant and lvh in the whole group and the subgroup analyses by blood pressure however in the subgroup of RNA han chinese tt genotype had higher lvpwt than cc genotype and tc TT p | MEDAL |
the pathophysiology of syringomyelia is still not well understood current prevailing theories involve the assumption that CSF fluid csf flows into the syrinx from the subarachnoid space through the PVS of virchowrobin reported here is the case of a patient with SM in which this course is clearly contradicted this patient with a holocord syrinx associated with adhesive arachnoiditis was treated years previously with IS of a subarachnoidperitoneal shunt and had recently experienced worsening myelopathy on surgical exploration the shunt system was SF-36 normally the mediumpressure shunt valve was replaced with an adjustable valve with a higher closing pressure setting thus increasing the csf pressure in the subarachnoid space contrary to prevailing theories this procedure markedly reduced the size of the syrinx this case provides direct evidence that the syrinx size is inversely related to subarachnoid csf pressure and supports the hypothesis that the pressure gradient across the spinal cord parenchyma is the force that generates syringes in syringomyelia | MEDAL |
to compare visual outcomes and spectraldomain OCT results following treatment with intravitreal ranibizumab ivr or ivr combined with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide ivta for ME me AA to central retinal vein occlusion crvo | MEDAL |
the presence of gemistocytes in with IS medication this yearold girl was hospitalized with the chief complaint of persistent jaundice for three months the pathohistology of LB was chiefly composed of massive CN and heavy lymphoid infiltration with the clinical findings of pericardial effusion ICA positive ana and positive antidsdna she initially was mistaken for a case of unusual sle complicated with hepatic involvement differentiating the autoimmune hepatitis from the hepatic involvement of sle for this case is illustrated by a review of the pertinent literature and our experiences with sle the characteristic features of autoimmune SH the relatively low titer of antidsdna and the inherent low level of c finally led to the conclusion that the cause for her liver disease was in favor of autoimmune hepatitis | MEDAL |
oxygeninsensitive nitrofurolved extraction of lipids with CM ALP methanolysis and column chromatographies with deaesephadex and silica beads the components were nacetylgalactosamine galactose glucose sphingoid bases fatty acids and sulfate in equimolar amounts the yield of this sulfoglycolipid was about nmolg of tissue which was about of that of galactosylceramide sulfate from rat kidney by infrared spectroscopy proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy periodate oxidation solvolysis chromium trioxide oxidation and methylation analysis of the native and partially degraded compound the structure of this gl is proposed to be galnac beta hsogal beta glc beta cer | MEDAL |
fluoresceinatedavidin fitcavidin was observed to bind specifically to a subset of pancreatic islet cells in sections of both human and rat pancreas fitcavidin binding was inhibited by excess unlabeled avidin and by biotin but not by glucagon somatostatin or insulin labeling of islets with antiinsulin antiglucagon antisomatostatin and antihuman pancreatic polypeptide antibodies showed the avidin IB subset to correspond to islet cells identified by antiglucagon antibody conversely avidin reacted with no insulin somatostatin or cells containing hpp we conclude that avidin localizes specifically to aislet cells binding may be to a biotincontaining enzyme within the acells but the precise molecular site of IB is currently unidentified | MEDAL |
the recent emphasis on assessment of the psychological status availability of newer and better methods of interpreting the anthropometric measurements of renal patients on dialysis therapy prompted the authors to develop the holistic health assessment tool for dialysis patients hhatd a total of subjects years enrolled from dialysis centers in mumbai were po the hhatd tool to assess anthropometric biochemical PET and psychological status knowledge needs that coping strategies along with dietary NI the results showed that majority of the patients were mild to moderately malnourished a highly significant negative rho of anthropometric measurements bmi lean body mass mid AC arm muscle area bicep skin fold thickness usual body weight and standard body weight with the hhatd scores p confirmed the validity of the tool in assessing the degree of malnutrition the poor health status of the patients was further confirmed by the average to poor flexibility status and poor dietary nutrient NI moderate to high coping effectiveness was recorded in the patients as assessed using the coping effectiveness inventory a high degree of interitem rho cronbachs coefficient alphatest value also proved the reliability of the hhatd tool thus the hhatd was found to be a specific and reliable tool for assessment of holistic health status of patients on maintenance hemodialysis to improve SQ of life and facilitate faster REC anticholestatic effects as well as inhibiting actions on cholesterol biosynthesis and ldl oxidation recently active ingredients responsible for the main effects have been identified thus luteolin seems to be of crucial importance for the inhibition of hepatocellular de novo cholesterol biosynthesis the antidyspeptic actions ware mainly based on increased choleresis regarding clinical data lipidlowering antiemetic spasmolytic choleretic and carminative effects have been described along with good tolerance and a low incidence of side effects due to its TPS mechanisms of action the future use of artichoke leaf extract for the prevention of AS can be expected | MEDAL |
resonance raman spectra of deoxy and carbonmonoxy leghemoglobin lb are compared to the corresponding forms of HbA hba it is found that the heme core size indicator L1 has nearly the same frequency for the two deoxyhemoglobins and the pielectron densitysensitive line also falls at the same frequency however several other modes occur at very different frequencies in the spectra of the two proteins from an examination of the spectrum of an hba derivative in which the betacarbon atoms of the heme vinyl groups were deuterated it appears that the L1 differences between deoxyhba and lb may result from conformational changes in the vinyl groups no evidence for the suggested ruffling irwin m j armstrong r s and wright p e febs lett in deoxylb was found the spectra of carbonmonoxylb and hba were also found to be very different as in the deoxy case some of these frequency differences could be attributed to vinyl group conformational differences however from the large difference in the pielectron densitysensitive line it appears that the vinyl piconjugation into the porphyrin in lbco may be different than it is in hbaco the vinyl conformational differences may be a consequence of the looser heme pocket in lb than in hba the difference in piconjugation could make a significant contribution to the difference in ligand binding affinity for these two globins | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 is to evaluate the effectiveness of sonography to accurately identify interdigital neuromas twenty patients all complaining of interdigital neuroma type pain underwent US DUE of the symptomatic intermetatarsal space and adjacent interspaces each patient subsequently had surgical exploration of the symptomatic site fourteen patients had US evidence of neuromas which were confirmed surgically one patient had sonographic evidence of a neuroma that was not confirmed surgically the remaining five patients did not have sonographic or surgical evidence of neuroma in spite of clinical signs and PS no adjacent neuromas were appreciated the rho of sonography and clinical measurements was determined using pearsons product moment rho coefficient r p measurements performed with ultrasound were highly correlated with surgical findings the mean size standard deviation of neuromas identified with ultrasound and during surgical inspection was mm and mm ultrasound demonstrated a sensitivity of and a specificity of ultrasound was able to accurately predict the presence size and location of mortons neuromas | MEDAL |
continuous quality improvement cqi loosely synonymous with total quality management tqm was designed for the comparatively simple world of industry now that the gurus of cqi have attemptedoriginally with full support of the joint commission on accreditation of healthcare organizations jcahoto apply the industrial cqi MM to hospitals theyve noticed something the model doesnt work and hospital cqi programs are faltering enough to persuade the joint commission to scale back its cqi accreditation requirements one L1 shortcoming behind the performance to date of cqi in hospitals physicians dont fit into the industrial MM of cqi physicians are too important and too many programs are stalled to continue to implement cqi as though physicians dont exist the techniques described here should help to reinvigorate faltering programs giving hospital management a chance to do it right the second time | MEDAL |
we present a case of IP tcell lymphoma coexpressing cd and cd as well as demonstrating tcell receptor gene rearrangement in a patient who had been diagnosed with NS HD disease years previously although cases of cdpositive tcell neoplasms have been previously reported in the literature this is the first report of CD4+ tcell lymphoma occurring subsequent to treatment of hodgkins disease the current case affords an opportunity to review the rarely reported expression of cd in tcell neoplasms as well as the relationship between HD disease and subsequently occurring nonhodgkins lymphomas in addition the identificathe longterm effect of viability ischemia or their combination on survival in patients with ami and mildly impaired left ventricular lv function four hundred eleven patients age years underwent predischarge dse up to microgkgmin plus atropine if needed T3 uncomplicated ami and were prospectively followed for months range to according to dse findings patients were divided into CG viability only ischemia only combination of viability and ischemia and scar adverse outcome occurred in patients patients had hard events cardiac deaths nonfatal ami and patients had unstable angina requiring hospitalization the combination of viability and ischemia diabetes mellitus and nonqwave ami were significant predictors of all events at univariate and multivariate analysis the same variables were also univariate predictors of hard events but MVA indicated only the combination of viability and ischemia and diabetes as independent predictors the EFS of patients with combined viability and ischemia was significantly lower hazard ratio confidence interval to compared with patients with ischemia only thus viability and ischemia show a significant adverse prognostic interaction in patients with ami and preserved lv CF | MEDAL |
betaadrenergic blocking agents differ considerably in their effects on myocardial excitable properties the possibility that intrinsic sympathomimetic activity might contribute to such differences has not been adequately explored this study examined the influence of ISA on the EP effects of three agents with varying degrees of such activity intravenous propranolol mgkg oxprenolol mgkg and pindolol mgkg were po in anesthetized dogs the effects of the drugs on ventricular vulnerability were studied over a hour period propranolol and oxprenolol raised the ventricular fibrillation threshold by and respectively in contrast pindolol resulted in an elevation of only after SD of endogenous norepinephrine stores using RES pindolol led to a decrease of the VFT which was reversed by propranolol these data indicate that intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of betaadrenergic blocking agents substantially alters their ultimate effect on myocardial excitable properties | MEDAL |
lgulonogammalactone oxidase lgulonogammalactoneoxygen oxidoreductase ec is the enzyme that catalyzes the terminal step of lascorbic acid biosynthesis in mammalian CL the absence of the oxidase activity in primates and guinea pigs is the reason why these animals are subject to scurvy which must be considered an inborn error of metabolism attempts were made to determine if a protein immunologically CR with GLO is present in these animals detergentsolubilized microsomal S9 from guinea pig and african green monkey liver did not precipitate the antisera directed to either rat or goat enzyme nor did any of the other cell fractions obtained from guinea pig liver react with either AS no CR protein was detectable in guinea pig microsomes even with the CS procedure or microcomplement fixation on the other hand extracts of all other mammalian orders liver microsomes tested were shown to contain lgulonogammalactone oxidase activity that did crossreact with antibodies to the rat and goat enzymes one explanation of these findings is that in the guinea pig and perhaps in primates too the structural gene for lgulonogammalactone oxidase is not expressed | MEDAL |
the average gastrointestinal uptake h after an intragastric dose of nmol of Cd chloride labeled with cdcl in irondeficient mice was significantly greater than the result in ironnormal animals and more cadmium entered the body of the former than the latter p less than between and h gastrointestinal radioactivity declined without further increase in body activity however more radiocadmium remained in the duodenum of irondeficient than ironnormal animals p less than the radiocadmium sequestered in the duodenum was bound to a protein with a molecular weight of about T3 subcutaneous injection of radiocadmium the rate of excretion of radioactivity from the body was similar in ironnormal and irondeficient mice however a greater proportion of the ID accumulated in the duodenum of the irondeficient animals p less than thus the intestinal adapative response to iron deficiency may enhance Cd toxicity whereas sequestration and subsequent excretion of Cd by the intestinal mucosa serves to protect the body against toxic effects the duodenum particularly in irondeficient mice is especially vulnerable to the toxic effects of Cd | MEDAL |
electrodiagnostic techniques have been utilized in surgery since the early s these techniques have been primarily used in neurosurgery however with the introduction of neuromodulation for voiding dysfunction these techniques have now found their way into the field of female pelvic medicine this article will review techniques applicable to evaluate pelvic floor function as it relates to neuromodulation it will also review the literature describing how these techniques are used to help determine AGA candidates as well as improve surgical outcomes a pubmed search was conducted using the terms neuromodulation interstim electrodiagnosis EDX techniques electromyography with limits to the pelvic floor and voiding dysfunction eight articles and three abstracts were found that directly related to the use of EDX techniques as they apply to neuromodulation electrodiagnostic techniques may play a role in helping predict AGA candidates for neuromodulation as well as improve surgicey candidates for field tests to determine usefulness in an ipm system | MEDAL |
diphenyl diselenide phse is a selenium organic compound that has been described to inhibit glutamate binding at synaptic CM and uptake into cortical slices but there are no studies about its effects on GTs and related synaptic proteins HPC slices from rats treated acutely with phse and mgkg oral route were evaluated on glu uptake redox state the immunocontent of glial glutamateaspartate transporter glast and glu transporter type i glt neuronal excitatory amino acid carrier eaac and vesicular vesicular glu transporter vglut GTs besides cell viability was evaluated by glial fibrillar acid protein gfap and synaptosomalassociated protein snap immunocontent and diamidinophenylindole dapi and fluoro jade c staining HPC slices from rats treated with phse exhibited a nondosedependent inhibition of glutamate uptake and respectively all doses increased eaac decreased snap did not modify glt immunocontent and there was no evidence of oxidative AS phse mgkg increased glast decreased vglut and gfap immunocontent besides phse mgkg decreased by gfapstained astrocytes and dapistained cells in the ca subfield our results suggest that the increase of eaac and glast immunocontent by phse might be a compensatory mechanism by surviving cells in order to reduce extracellular glu levels avoiding possible neurotoxic effects the impairment of glutamate uptake by the highest dose of phse seems to be related to a decrease on vglut snap and damage to astrocytes since there were no signs of oxidative stress our findings revealed that depending on the dose acute administration of phse causes modifications in important synapticrelated proteins and damage to the astrocytes and these events must be taken into account in its pharmacological properties | MEDAL |
the aim of this study was to evaluate the stress CSD of the short dental implants and bonetoimplant contact ratios in the posterior maxilla using dimensional d FEM models two different d maxillary posterior bone segments were modeled group was composed of a bone segment consisting of cortical bone and type iv cancellous bone with bonetoimplant contact group was composed of a bone segment consisting of cortical bone and type iv cancellous bone including spherical bone design and homogenous tubular hollow spaced structures with spherical porosities and bonetoimplant contact ratio fourmillimeterdiameter and mmheight dental implants were assumed to be osseointegrated and placed at the center of the segments lateral occlusal bite force n was applied at a ° inclination to the implants long axis the maximum von mises stresses in cortical and cancellous bones and implantabutment complex were calculated the von mises stress values on the implants and the cancellous bone around the implants of the bonetoimplant contact group were almost times higher compared with the values of the BIC group for clinical reality use of the MM for finite element analysis simulation of the posterior maxilla region better represents real AM bone and the increased AS and strain distributions evaluated on the cortical and cancellous bone around the dental implants | MEDAL |
impaired dna damage response ddr may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of breast CA bc rad is a key player in dna doublestrand break repair in this T0 we aimed to assess the biological and clinical significance of rad expression with relevance to different molecular classes of bc and patients outcome the expression of rad was assessed IHC in a wellcharacterised annotated series n of earlystage invasive bc with LT followup a subset of cases of bc from patients with known brca germline mutations was included as a control group the results were correlated with clinicopathological and molecular parameters and patients outcome rad protein expression level was also assayed in a panel of cell lines using reverse phase protein array rppa rad was expressed in the nuclei n and cytoplasm c of malignant cells subcellular colocalisation phenotypes of rad were significantly associated with clinicopathological features and patient outcome cytoplasmic expression radc and lack of nuclear expression rad n were associated with features of aggressive behaviour including larger tumour size high grade CL nodal metastasis basallike and triplenegative phenotypes together with aberrant expression of key ddr biomarkers including brca all brcamutated tumours had radcn phenotype rppa confirmed ihc results and showed differential expression of rad in cell lines based on er expression and brca status rad n and radc tumours were associated with longer and shorter breast CSS bcss respectively the rad n was an independent predictor of longer bcss p lack of rad nuclear expression is associated with poor prognostic parameters and shorter survival in invasive bc patients the significant associations between rad subcellular localisation and clinicopathological features molecular subtype and patients outcome suggest that the trafficking of ddr proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm might play a role in the OD and progression of bc | MEDAL |
limulus polyphemus creactive protein crp limulin has approximately CAA CS homology and shares at least one Id determinant associated with ligandbinding activity with human crp hcrp limulin also shares amino acid CS homology and lectin activity with human SAP component hsap in the present study panels of antihcrp monoclonal antibodies mab directed to distinct hcrp epitopes and antihsap mab directed to distinct epitopes of hsap were tested for reactivity with limulin and pentraxins of other species including rb crp racrp rat crp and FP fp by elisa and western blot analyses none of the antihuman pentraxin mab showed strong crossreactivity with limulin only five mab reacted with limulin at all and crossreactivities of these mab with the other pentraxins when present also were weak crossreactivity of limulin with hcrp and hsap was similar and in CS of comparable CAA sequence homology suggests this molecule can be considered the limulus sap as well as the limulus crp several antihcrp mab crossreacted strongly with rabbit crp and rat crp a few antihsap crossreacted strongly with fp and weak crossreactions were observed between hcrp and hsap but crossreactivities between the pentraxins generally were limited and weak a rabbit polyclonal antibody raised to highly conserved limulin peptide and strongly reactive with limulin reacted weakly with hcrp and racrp but failed to react with rat crp hsap or fp these studies emphasize a limited but distinct antigenic similarity between limulin hcrp and other pentraxins and identify mab reactive with potential regions of shared structure andor function between pentraxins of different species | MEDAL |
oncedaily dosing of amikacin is a novel therapy regimen which seems pharmacokinetically appropriate for the primary group of patients considered for aminoglycoside therapy in this T0 of elderly patients with serious infections amikacin mgkg or mgkg bw was administered as a ST min intravenous infusion the amikacin SS concentrationtime profile was best described by a biexponential equation with a halflife of about h a triexponential equation was not applicable because the slow terminal beta phase was ND during the h dosing interval in practice a uniexponential equation is often used and this may lead to incorrect conclusions about the Ke of amikacin amikacin clearance provides more direct information about elimination of amikacin than does serum halflife thus there was a better correlation between the individual amikacin Cl and creatinine clearances r than between the serum halflives of amikacin and the creatinine clearances r for elderly patients a smaller dose of amikacin than the regular daily dose of mgkg bw ie about mgkg bw seems recommendable when it is given once daily from the data obtained it is also obvious that oncedaily dosing of amikacin does not eliminate the need for checking serum concentrations of the drug | MEDAL |
a yearold woman suffering from urinary incontinence and unsteady gait was diagnosed as having idiopathic NPH nph with hyponatremia due to the SIADH siadh the concentration of antidiuretic hormone was high while the plasma osmolality was low in the presence of concentrated urine during the episodes of hyponatremia magnetic resonance imaging mri of the head showed enlargement of the third and lateral ventricles T3 ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery the symptoms of nph and hyponatremia improved it may be possibly explained that mechanical pressure on the hypothalamus from the third ventricle is responsible for hyponatremia | MEDAL |
in the past few years induction of protective immunity to cutaneous leishmaniasis has been attempted by many researchers using a variety of antigenic S9 such as living promastigotes or promastigote extracts partially purified or defined proteins in this T0 eleven proteins from leishmania leishmania amazonensis lla with estimated molecular mass ranging from to kda were isolated by PAGE and electroelution the proteins were associated as vaccine in different S9 with gp and bcg bacilli calmetteguérin the antigenicity of these vaccines was measured by their ability to induce the production of Th1 by lymphocyte from subjects vaccinated with leishvacinregister mark or target the immunogenicity was evaluated in vaccinated mice cbl mice were vaccinated with three doses of each vaccine consisting of microg of each protein at days interval one hundred microg of live bcg was only used in the first dose seven days T3 the last dose they received a first challenge infection with infective promastigotes and four months later a second challenge was done two months after the second challenge of protection was obtained in the group of mice vaccinated with association of proteins of gpkda gpkda gpkda gpkda and gpkda of protection was demonstrated with gpkda gpkda gpkda and protection for gp plus all proteins the vaccine of gpkda that did not protect the mice despite the good specific stimulation of lymphocytes lsi and uiml of Th1 production when crude extract of l l amazonensis was used with bcg a of protection was found T3 the first challenge and after the second the same result was observed for gp the data obtained with the vaccines can suggest that the future vaccine probably have to contain except the kda a cocktail of proteine tested in this conception control refers to stabilization so that lack of control implies reduced stability the method was used to analyze an experiment on the sittostand transition by testing different hypotheses about the controlled variables we systematically approximated the structure of control in joint space we found that for the task of sittostand the position of the CM in the sagittal plane was controlled the horizontal head position and the position of the hand were controlled less stably while vertical head position appears to be no more controlled than joint motions | MEDAL |
numerous studies have investigated the influence of osseous AF on patellofemoral joint instability but research on the influence of dynamic muscle AF in vivo is still in the exploratory stage this study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging mri and DWI tensor imaging dti to evaluate vastus medialis oblique vmo fiber bundles in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation to explore the changes in muscle morphology and function | MEDAL |
the immune response to influenza a virus is characterized by an influx of both macrophages and t lymphocytes into the lungs of the infected host accompanied by induced expression of a number of cc chemokines cc CCR ccr and ccr are both expressed on activated macrophages and TA we examined how the absence of these chemokine receptors would affect pulmonary chemokine expression and induced leukocyte recruitment by infecting ccrdeficient mice and ccrdeficient mice with a mouseadapted CS of influenza a virus ccr mice displayed increased mortality rates associated with acute severe pneumonitis whereas ccr mice were protected from the early pathological manifestations of influenza because of defective macrophage recruitment this delay in macrophage accumulation in ccr mice caused a subsequent delay in t cell migration which correlated with high pulmonary viral titers at early time points INF ccr mice and ccr mice both exhibited increased expression of the gene for mcp the L1 ligand for ccr and a key regulator of induced macrophage migration these studies illustrate the very different roles that ccr and ccr play in the macrophage response to influenza infection and demonstrate how defects in macrophage recruitment affect the normal OD of the CMI response | MEDAL |
the RB of human neutrophils was measured under conditions of hypoxia and low ph o production by neutrophils G1 with opsonized zymosan fell slowly as the oxygen concentration declined to then dropped more sharply reaching negligible C2 at oxygen concentrations less than production was half maximal at an oxygen concentration of equivalent to approximately microm DO o production by the cellfree o forming system prepared from zymosanactivated neutrophils showed a similar dependence on oxygen concentration a drop in ph caused decreases in both oxygen consumption and o production by zymosantreated neutrophils values at ph being of those observed at ph experiments with the cellfree o forming system suggested that this decline in RB activity at low ph was due to inefficient activation of the o forming enzyme under acidic conditions | MEDAL |
of patients in whom percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasties ptca were performed during the period of years june to august had distal lesions these included males and females with the lesions in left anterior descending lad artery T3 the origin of the second diagonal branch circumflex cx i.a. after the origin of the obtuse marginal om and right PD rca after the acute marginal branch there were a total of distal lesions involving the lad cx and rca the overall success rate with ptca was there were acute closures of vessels all were redilated with balloon angioplasty one of these was sent for emergency bypass surgery T3 balloon dilatation there was no death with improvement in balloon catheters and guidewires the feasibility and success of ptca in distal lesions have increased remarkably thus expanding the horizon of ptca | MEDAL |
variability of karyotypes is one of the main mechanisms of speciation in organisms electrophoretic karyotypes of the macronucleus mac obtained by pulsedfield gel PACE were compared for strains of all sibling species of the paramecium aurelia complex in order to determine if karyotype differences corresponded to biological species boundaries because the electrophoretic karyotype of the mac reflects indirectly the frequency and distribution of fragmentation CS in the micronuclear mic chromosomes any change in mac electrophoretic karyotype may be a marker of certain chromosomal mutations in the mic thirteen main variants of electrophoretic mac karyotypes were observed in this species complex ten of them appeared to correspond to biological species while the three other variants characterized several species each intraspecific polymorphism was observed for several species in some cases a certain variant of mac karyotype was specific for all strains from the same part of the world CSD of the mac karyotype variants along molecular phylogenetic trees of the p aurelia complex shows that isolation of each species or group of species of this complex was accompanied by divergence in the molecular organization of the genome | MEDAL |
reoperative TAA repair is frequently necessary and brings with it a unique set of challenges typically most reoperative repairs are necessitated by aortic disease progressing into previously healthy aortic tissue from a replaced section of the aorta an extension of the previous repair or to a lesser degree because of a late complication of prior distal aortic repair an open or endovascular repair failure characterizing the reason for the reoperation as well as the location of prior repair is the first step towards anticipating major outcomes following such repair since the introduction of endovascular repair for aortic aneurysms indications for open repair have become more specific and limited many centers have justified using endovascular approaches in patients with prior open aortic repair by deeming these patients high risk because of their previous incision our analysis found that reoperative repairs were not typically subject to worse early outcomes than patients without prior distal aortic repair except for the more complicated types of reoperation which involve infection | MEDAL |
gestrinone has been used for treatment of pelvic EM in doses of mg twice a week this T0 is designed to clarify it from the dynamics of sex steroid receptors in rabbit uterus four different regimens were scheduled namely daily microgram estradiol beta e consistent with endogenous level of women for days and together with either consistent with microgram of clinical dose or micrograms gestrinone in single dose or with micrograms gestrinone daily divided dose in single micrograms gestrinone administration for days receptors for estrogen er type i and ii or progestin pr were determined by charcoal adsorption in cytosol and kcl extract or sedimentation in nonkcl extractable fraction using he or hpromegestone respectively gestrinone decreased total er type i and ii levels dosedependently except the case of micrograms gestrinone daily in er type ii total er type i level did not return to the prelevel until days only T3 micrograms gestrinone administration total er type ii level was decreasing in days T3 or micrograms gestrinone therapy total pr level was decreased in the order of strength micrograms gestrinone greater than micrograms gestrinone greater than microgram gestrinone greater than micrograms gestrinone in group and the REC was not obtained until hr only after micrograms gestrinone therapy the uterine weight was decreasing with the same strength in days of the therapy independently upon the regimen in conclusion gestrinone dose of micrograms mg of clinical dose every days is considered to be ERP for antisteroid action in sex steroid receptor dynamics in the rabbit uterus contributing to the rationale for gestrinone treatment of pelvic EM | MEDAL |
neurotensin receptor ntr is a NT nt receptor AT1 with a high affinity for nt nt and ntr signaling are involved in modulating the dopamine system individual variations in the dopamine system have been demonstrated to determine certain dimensions of personality but no studies have thus far investigated the involvement of the ntr in the biological determination of personality we therefore examined this link in a chinese han population | MEDAL |
in pigs the IB of sperm to oviductal epithelial cells to form a sperm reservoir involves carbohydrate interactions in the present T0 we purify a sperm IB glycoprotein sbg from cells from the isthmus of the oviduct using an affinity column this protein conjugated with fitc is able to bind to the heads of pig sperm sbg is shown to contain carbohydrates by passilver staining and lectin IB assays enzymatic treatment and lectin affinity demonstrate that sbg exposes galbetagalnac disaccharide which is bound to a serine or a threonin residue by an olink after enzymatic deglycosylation sbg shows an apparent molecular mass of kda which changes to kda by reduction with mercaptoethanol both sbg and enzymatically deglycosylated sbg show by isoelectrofocusing two forms of pi and pi sbg may be involved on spermoviduct interaction | MEDAL |
the isomer CSD patterns of mono to heptachlorinated dibenzopdioxins pcdd and dibenzofurans pcdf in postcombustion zone flue gas during incineration of an artificial municipal solid waste in a laboratoryscale fluidizedbed reactor were evaluated bidirectional orthogonal projections to latent structures opls was used to correlate a set of physicochemical properties and chlorine substitution descriptors with the objective to identify parameters correlated with postcombustion zone pcdd and pcdf formation the most influential VL for the CSD of pcdd congeners was chlorine substitution in positions and cl and overall the chlorine substitution descriptors exerted a larger impact on pcdds than on pcdfs for the pcdf chlorination of the position was the most influential xvariable distinct clustering was observed and was most pronounced for pcdfs dividing mostof the homologues into two or three subgroups of congeners these subgroups seemed to correspond to the probability of formation by chlorophenol condensation the sterically crowded DF baysites and positions were found to negatively influence pcdf formation with chlorination of the position having the greatest impact since pcddf toxicity is related to the lateral positions elucidating the factors governing chlorination may be of great importance for detoxification of incineration byproducts | MEDAL |
numerous studies have linked mutations in the pnca gene with resistance to PZA z in mycobacterium tuberculosis however variations in these mutations are TPS to the country of origin of the isolate the aim of this study was to characterize changes in pnca gene CS in isolates of m tuberculosis with resistance to z from patients in mexico m tuberculosis isolates were recovered from individuals suspected of carrying drug resistant tuberculosis and respective susceptibility tests were developed in isolates with resistance to PZA the pnca gene and its promoter were analyzed by capillary sequencing from drugresistant isolates collected were resistant to PZA the pnca sequences showed changes in isolates snps n four insertions n and four deletions n absence of modifications was observed in eight sequencesisolates the most frequent changes were the mutations lp n and kr n twelve changes found are reported for the first time this is the first description of pnca gene modifications in pyrazinamide resistant isolates originating in mexico we conclude that the diversity of changes in pnca indicates the presence of a noteworthy variety of pyrazinamide resistant strains occurring in the area | MEDAL |
this study analyzed the posttranslational regulation of the transcription factor ap on the level of cjun phosphorylation for this purpose a new assay system employing a histidinetag method of transient expression and rapid purification of recombinant cjun in conjunction with southwestern blotting and in situ phosphatase treatment was developed it is demonstrated that the TPS dnabinding potential of cjun which is dependent on dephosphorylation can be modulated both by extracellular and endogenous factors SE of cells to phorbol esters as well as artificially increasing the intracellular concentration of ap target CS can stimulate the dnabinding function of cjun these results indicate the existence of a novel cellular mechanism that serves to dynamically after dosing except for the small intestine hrs and abdominal fat stomach and C1 intestine hrs thereafter the clabel rapidly declined in all tissues at hours only of the dose was present in the tissues and in the lumen of the gastrointestinal tracts the excretion of c was essentially completed of the administered c was excreted in the feces and in the urine overall recoveries of the administered c label ranged from to the purified L1 clabelled component in the fecal extracts yielded essentially the same nmr spectrum as authentic ro which accounted for of the dose in vitro incubations of ro with rat CL s supernatant in an nadph generating system produced two metabolites nmr spectra indicated that one metabolite was hydroxylated at carbon while the other one contained a hydroxyl at carbon of the parent molecule interestingly the sites of hydroxylation were at carbons c and c bearing the protons guarding the bay area of the phenanthrenoid ring rather than carbons of the phenylmethylthienotriazolodiazepine moiety | MEDAL |
four children with ALL leukaemia all who relapsed T3 allo-BMT bmt were treated with donor lymphocyte infusion dli without prior conditioning three patients had previously received a nontcelldepleted matched sibling bmt and the fourth had a tcelldepleted matched unrelated bmt two patients developed grade iiiiv acute graftversushostdisease gvhd of the skin which required MI both are alive in complete haematological remission and months from dli with chronic gvhd of the skin requiring IS therapy a third patient went into haematological remission weeks T3 dli but with no clinical evidence of gvhd his bone marrow remained in remission months postdli despite the disease all relapsing in extramedullary CS the fourth patient showed no clinical or haematological response to three consecutive doses of dli given at weekly intervals and died from progressive disease months after relapse these preliminary observations indicate that in constrast to experience in adult all dli may be ERP in inducing sustained remission in children with all relapsing T3 bmt and a response may occur even in the absence of clinical evidence of gvhd | MEDAL |
the recent availability of genome sequences of four different fusarium species offers the opportunity to perform extensive comparative analyses in particular of repeated sequences in a recent work the overall content of such sequences in the genomes of three phylogenetically related fusarium species f graminearum f verticillioides and f oxysporum f sp lycopersici has been estimated in this T0 we present an exhaustive characterization of pogolike elements named fots in four fusarium genomes overall fot and two fotrelated miniature invertedrepeat transposable element families were identified revealing a diversification of multiple lineages of pogolike elements some of which accompanied by a gain of introns this analysis also showed that such elements are present in an unusual high proportion in the genomes of f oxysporum f sp lycopersici and nectria haematococca anamorph f solani f sp pisi in contrast with most other fungal genomes in which retroelements are the most represented interestingly our analysis showed that the most numerous fot families all contain potentially AS or mobilisable copies thus conferring a mutagenic potential of these transposable elements and consequently a role in strain adaptation and genome evolution this role is strongly reinforced when examining their genomic CSD which is clearly biased with a high proportion more than located on CS or speciesspecific regions EC in genes involved in pathogenicity andor adaptation finally the different reproductive characteristics of the four fusarium species allowed us to investigate the impact of the process of repeatinduced point mutations on the expansion and diversification of fot elements | MEDAL |
the problem of protein sidechain packing for a given backbone trace is investigated using different prediction models the first requires an exhaustive search of all possible combinations of sidechain conformers using the deadend elimination theorem the second considers only sidechainbackbone interactions whereas the third neglects sidechainbackbone interactions and instead keeps sidechainsidechain interactions predictions of sidechain conformations for proteins using all models show that removal of sidechainsidechain interactions does not cause a C1 decrease in the prediction accuracy whereas the model having only sidechainsidechain interactions still retains a significant level of accuracy these results suggest that the classes of interactions sidechainbackbone and sidechainsidechain are consistent with each other and work concurrently to stabilize the native conformations this is crences were observed between the nab and sul regimens with respect to pgf alpha excretion and between the nab and sul regimens for pge pgf alpha PGI2 on day only and txb on day only neither nab nor sul caused inhibition of cipa or one time although PLT aggregation was inhibited during ind treatment that nab treatment was neither associated with alterations in platelet CF nor decreases in the urinary excretion of the vasodilatory prostaglandins pge and ketopgf alpha suggests that nab possesses renal sparing properties | MEDAL |
dermatitis artefacta is a factitious dermatological disorder with many forms of presentation that may occur on any part of the body a diagnosis of dermatitis artefacta is often reached T3 rigorous and repeated investigations here we present the case of a yearold single man complaining of a month PH of ulceration on the dorsal surface of the glans penis in view of the unusual appearance of the lesion and the negative findings from clinical investigations a diagnosis of dermatitis artefacta was made and the patient was referred for psychiatric DUE he was started on mgday of citalopram and titrated up to mgday by the th week leading to complete remission in the following weeks thus although rare artefactual dermatitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual penile lesions | MEDAL |
altered tumour cell glycosylation in relation to cellular heterogeneity in human brain tumours remains relatively unexplored it has been reported that meningiomas express R2 in glycosylation properties however only limited meningioma subtypes have been studied with lectins histochemistry the aim of this T0 was to compare the binding DP of biotinylated lectins in seven subtypes of histologically benign intracranial meningiomas meningothelial transitional fibroblastic psammomatous secretory microcystic and angiomatous types the study was performed on biopsy material of cases of meningiomas with different lectins PNA pna soybean agglutinin sba DBA dba wheat germ agglutinin wga cocanavalin a con a and ulex europaeus agglutinin uea the expression of lectinbinding glycoconjugates exhibited differences between certain subtypes of meningiomas wga with affinity for glcnac and neuraminic acid labelled the cells of all meningiomas but most intensely those of fibroblastic type IF with pna sba and dba which are galnac TPS varied from negative to strongly positive enhanced pna CR reflected mainly cytoarchitectural DP of TG such as syn lobules whorled formations or trabecular arrangements of meningioma cells dba labelled the majority of cellular nuclei sba showed IB to psammoma bodies while pseudopsammoma HB were stained with pna wga con a and to a lesser extent with sba and dba the secretory meningiomas exhibited strong and heterogeneous lectins CR within pseudopsammoma bodies whereas the neoplastic cells were only occasionally stained the selective reactivity of uea with endothelial cells of blood vessels resulted in a specific visualisation of the vascular network in all histological subtypes of meningiomas these results documented the heterogeneous glycosylation DP in different subtypes of meningiomas and indicate the usefulness of lectins in the evaluation of pluripotential differentiation of meningioma cells | MEDAL |
a V1 surgeon must recognize that strokes may be caused by embolism from or one of the extracranial afferent arteries to the BB furthermore embolic disease and the hypoperfusion syndrome may occur in the same patient a transient ischemia attack tia is diagnostic of localized CBF ischemia a bruit has little significance other than as an indication for further study the most practical noninvasive method of studying patients for cerebrovascular disease in our laboratory has been oculopneumoplethysmography and bmode scanning interobserver variations in interpretation of arteriography make measurement of the percentage of stenosis an unacceptable standard for judging the accuracy of other diagnostic techniques endarterectomy with local or GA with the routine use of a shunt or eeg monitoring is satisfactory and useful in my opinion the most important elements are wide exposure minimal preclamping handling of the carotid artery meticulous and unhurried technique for endarterectomy and postoperative control of blood pressure since i and my associates have performed carotid endarterectomies the OM rate has been permanent neurologic deficit and transient neurologic deficit | MEDAL |
removal of drinking water at the start of the dark period reduced FI in freely feeding rats within min both first and later meals were smaller during h of WD but meal frequency did not NC ingestion of a normalsized meal g rapidly increased plasma tonicity when drinking water was withheld but intravenous infusions of hypertonic nacl causing similar increases in plasma tonicity did not reduce feeding FF during h of water ED was restored by slowly infusing the volume of water normally drunk into the stomach jejunum or cecum but not in the VC or hepatic portal vein the infusions did not alter water or electrolyte excretion or affect food intake in rats allowed to drink we conclude that the inhibition of feeding seen during water deprivation is mediated by a sensor that is located in the gastrointestinal tract or perhaps in the MES veins draining the gut but not the hepatic portal vein or the CL in the absence of drinking water signals from this sensor provoke the early termination of a meal | MEDAL |
tardive dystonia is an iatrogenic complication of dopamine receptor antagonist medication such as firstgeneration antipsychotics it occurs in up to of patients and only recover after stopping medication deep BB stimulation for primary dystonia has proven to be ERP and its application for secondary dystonias is gaining acceptance we report our experience in treating three ethnic chinese schizophrenia patients with severe medically refractory tardive dystonia by GPi deep brain stimulation preoperatively all required assistance with essential MICs of daily living and two were bedbound the mean burkefahnmarsden dystonia rating scale score was range and mean global dystonia rating scale score was range no procedurerelated complications were encountered by months all could return to unassisted living and walk with support with a mean of and improvement in the burkefahnmarsden dystonia rating scale and global dystonia rating scale scores respectively qualityoflife assessment performed for two patients using the euroqol dimensions visual analogue scale showed a mean improvement of at months on clinical followup the effect was well maintained for a period of to years pallidal deep BB stimulation is a safe and highly ERP form of symptomatic treatment for patients with medically refractory tardive dystonia | MEDAL |
the surgical results are not satisfactory yet in japan and only of the patients are free of jaundice years ago however we found many presentations which reported jaundice Kd with more than in the last several years the main cause of death in jaundiced patients with the failed hepatic portoenterostomy was hepatic failure other causes of deaths in these patients including those died within one month T3 operation were peritonitis cardiac andor renal failure hemorrhagic tendency and lung edema the main cause of death in jaundicefree patients was rupture of the esophageal varices we examined LTS ranging in age from to years there were cases without and with jaundice thirtyseven of cases were leading their normal lives among them cases were enjoying their lives after overcoming the sequelae such as portal hypertension the morbidities of the remaining LT survivors were jaundice in portal hypertension in encephalopathy after splenorenal shunt in and so on the cured states of most cases without jaundice are satisfactory and eventually these former patients can achieve a favorable quality of life | MEDAL |
this case T0 describes a domino liver transplantation in which a patient with familial amyloid polyneuropathy received a CAD CL and the explanted CL was in turn transplanted into a second recipient familial amyloid polyneuropathy is an AD inherited disease associated with a mutant form of the protein TTR CL transplantation is the only definitive treatment for this disease transplantation removes the source of mutant transthyretin halts the progression of this otherwise fatal disease and significantly palliates many underlying PS this case study illustrates that domino transplantation is a practical option to provide a liver SPK for a patient with this disease and a second listed patient from a single cadaveric liver organ thus alleviating the organ donor shortage transplantation offers the only cure for the genetic defect that causes FAP appears to result in subjective and objective improvement in neurological CF and eliminates the mortality associated with the disease a signed IC was provided for publication of this case T0 | MEDAL |
dissecting aneurysms in the anterior cerebral i.a. aca although rare can cause ischemic andor HS hemorrhagic dissecting aneurysms in the a portion of the aca are often associated with a poor prognosis we retrospectively investigated three rare cases of hemorrhagic dissecting aneurysms in the a portion dissecting aneurysms were diagnosed by carotid angiography or computed tomography angiography to visualize morphological changes in the vessel all patients presented with diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage in one case CTA performed at the onset of the subarachnoid hemorrhage revealed fusiform dilatation at the RA aca a which did not appear on a magnetic resonance angiogram obtained year prior to the onset of the subarachnoid hemorrhage in the other two cases a dissecting aneurysms were diagnosed from a growing aneurysmal bulge revealed at a nonbifurcated site via repeated carotid angiography two patients underwent surgical intervention trapping or clipping and their outcome was favorable whereas the third patient died of delayed rebleeding before receiving surgical treatment hemorrhagic dissecting aneurysms in the a portion cause severe subarachnoid hemorrhage surgical treatments that include revascularization are necessary to prevent rebleeding and direct surgery is recommended particularly at the a portion | MEDAL |
a number of vectors were constructed based on the plasmid from the broad range of pmha hosts also the expression of some key genes of the haloalkalitolerant methanotroph methylomicrobium alcaliphilum z was studied the activities of the promoter regions of genes for hexulose phosphate synthase glutamine synthetase and glucokinase as well as the promoter of the ectabcask operon which encodes enzymes for osmoprotectant ectoine biosynthesis were evaluated with the use of the gfp gene the DUE was proven to be ineffective conversely glucokinase and a heterologous enzyme of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase were useful for the DUE of promoter activity in m alcaliphilum z cells the expression level of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase transcribed from the methanol dehydrogenase promoter was higher as compared with that of glucokinase this seems to be due to a RII mechanism for homologous protein expression the introduction of a synthetic nucleotide CS forming the AA structure in the â² untranslated region of the glucokinase mrna resulted in an increase of this enzyme level this is the first attempt to use m alcaliphilum z for homo and heterologous protein expression | MEDAL |
cytokineinduced killer cik cells raised interest for use in cellular antitumor therapy due to their capability to recognize and destroy autologous tumor cells in a hlaindependent fashion the antitumor attack of cik cells predominantly consisting of terminally differentiated cdcd cells can be improved by redirecting by a chimeric antigen receptor car that recognizes the tumor cell and triggers cik cell activation the requirements for cik cell activation were however so far less explored and are likely to be different from those of younger TA we revealed that cd and ox cars produced higher interferon secretion as compared with the firstgeneration ζcar cdζ and the thirdgeneration cdζox car however performed similar in modulating most cik cell effector functions compared with the cdζ car however the cdζox car accelerated terminal maturation of cd cik cells producing high frequencies in AICD aicd and reduced antitumor efficiency in vivo consequently cdζ car cik cells of cd phenotype were superior in redirected RT cell elimination carmediated cik cell activation also increased antigenindependent target cell lysis the cdζ car was more efficient than the cdζox car translated into therapeutic strategies carredirected cik cells benefit from cd costimulation supercostimulation by the cdζox car however performed less in antitumor efficacy due to increased aicd | MEDAL |
this article reviews the evaluation of pain in critically ill patients of all ages sources of pain and its physiologic significance are discussed factors influencing pain perception and SMB are also addressed to broaden HCPs vision of the difficulties associated with accurate pain assessment the evaluation process including a discussion of several tools ranging from visual analog scales to bispectral analysis as well as goals of therapy are discussed finally a practical approach to the assessment process which supports the need for established regularly used evaluation and treatment protocols is proposed | MEDAL |
usercreated content and communications on webbased applications such as networking CS media sharing CS or blog platforms have dramatically increased in popularity over the past several years but there has been little policy or guidance on the best practices to inform standards for the professional conduct of physicians in the digital environment Az of TPS concern include the use of such media for nonclinical purposes implications for confidentiality the use of social media in patient education and how all of this affects the publics trust in physicians as patientphysician interactions extend into the digital environment opportunities afforded by online applications represent a new frontier in medicine as physicians and patients become more connected this position paper from the american college of physicians and the federation of state medical boards examines and provides recommendations about the influence of social media on the patientphysician relationship the role of these media in public perception of physician behaviors and strategies for physicianphysician communication that preserve confidentiality while best using these technologies | MEDAL |
the BA of CTZ from oral tablets was examined under fasting and nonfasting conditions in healthy male volunteers bioavailability was determined from urinary excretion data and plasma chlorothiazide concentrations two fasting treatments and one nonfasting treatment yielded similar plasma chlorothiazide profiles characterized by sharply ascending and descending segments until hr postdosing followed by a prolonged period with variable and erratic CTZ C2 a triexponential CF that adequately described mean data from each treatment could not be applied to individual plasma curves because of their VL nature chlorothiazide absorption was not influenced by different accompanying water volumes in fasted individuals but was doubled when tablets were po immediately after a standard meal urinary excretion of CTZ correlated well with plasma drug concentrations hr urinary REC accounted for of a mg dose in nonfasted subjects compared to and in fasted subjects receiving the drug with and ml of water respectively observed relationships between CTZ dosage and absorption efficiency are consistent with previous suggestions that chlorothiazide absorption from the gi tract is saturable and site TPS | MEDAL |
the expression of vspa and vspb genes encoding soybean vegetative storage proteins was studied during seedling OD and in response to water deficit tissue wounding and jasmonic acid treatment vspa and vspb encode vspalpha and vspbeta kilodalton and kilodalton vacuolelocalized polypeptides that are homologous vspa and vspb mrnas could be distinguished on rna blots using end probes vspa mrna was threefold to sevenfold more abundant than vspb mrna in leaves about equal expression was observed in stems and vspb mrna exceeded vspa in roots transcripts were ND in dry seeds but appeared in IN or excised seedling axes between hr and hr after initiation of imbibition both transcripts were highly abundant in the meristematic region of seedling stems and in developing leaves but were rare in mature stems leaves and roots in situ localization showed that vsp transcripts were found throughout the hypocotyl hook but were concentrated in cells associated with the epidermis and V1 bundles water deficit caused increased vsp mrna levels in leaves and stems which suggests that inhibition of growth necessitates temporary storage of amino acids wounding induced primarily vspb mrna in etiolated seedlings whereas both vspa and vspb mrna C2 increased in wounded leaves JA and methyl JA were potent inducers of vsp mRNA in cell cultures developing axes leaves and roots we hypothesize that jasmonic acid levels modulate vsp mrna abundance in vivo | MEDAL |
feline leukaemia viruses felvs are classified into subgroups a b and c by their use of different host cell receptors on feline cells a phenotype which is determined by the viral env felon using staphylococcal protein a our results are consistent with the hypothesis that antibodydependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infectivity is mediated by antibody directed against TPS sites on the spike protein | MEDAL |
the authors present the protocol currently used in their institution for initial and followup evaluation of infants at high risk for developing retinopathy of prematurity rop after topical anesthesia and lid speculum IS the examination is carried out using an indirect binocular ophthalmoscope with a or diopter lens mydriasis is achieved by instilling one drop of tropicamide followed by one drop of tropicamide phenylephrine minutes later and T3 an additional minute interval another drop of tropicamide if mydriasis is insufficient after one hour one drop of a tropicamide phenylephrine solution may be instilled the initial examination is performed between the third and fourth weeks of life if any areas of retinal immaturity are found the examination is repeated every other week and later every three to four weeks until vascularization has reached the ora serrata should any sign of rop be present during the first examination the patient is examined weekly or every other week depending on the severity of clinical findings | MEDAL |
PS is an autoimmune chronic inflammatory skin disease that is common in spain connective tissue diseases are a heterogeneous group of conditions characterized by the abnormal function or structure of one or more of the elements that make up connective tissue these diseases are also autoimmune in origin in spite of the high prevalence of psoriasis in the GP its association with a connective tissue disease such as systemic LE dermatomyositis scleroderma or rheumatoid ICA has only occasionally been reported it is nevertheless important to have an understanding of such associations given their significant clinical and therapeutic implications the association between psoriasis and systemic lupus erythematosus is the one most often described although the few reports available in the literature have mostly involved single cases this review will also look at the characteristics of patients with PS and dermatomyositis mainly focusing on clinical features the associations between psoriasis and either rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis will be examined more briefly the review therefore aims to reflect the literature on psoriasis in association with rheumatic diseases including coverage of etiologic pathogenic clinical and therapeutic aspects we emphasize that such cases should be managed by a MDT in which care will usually be shared by a rheumatologist and a dermatologist | MEDAL |
breastconserving therapy involving breastconserving surgery followed by wholebreast irradiation and optionally a boost to the tumour bed is a standard therapeutic option for women with earlystage breast cancer a boost to the tumour bed means that an extra dose of radiation is applied that covers the initial tumour site the rationale for a boost of radiotherapy to the tumour bed is that i local recurrence occurs mostly at the site of the primary tumour because remaining microscopic tumour cells are most likely situated there and ii radiation can eliminate these causative microscopic tumour cells the boost continues to be used in women at high risk of local recurrence but is less widely accepted for women at lower risk reasons for questioning the boost are twofold firstly the boost brings higher treatment costs secondly the potential AEs are not negligible in this cochrane review we investigated the effect of the tumour bed boost on local control and SE | MEDAL |
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