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to T0 the potential mechanisms of hepatocyte growth factor hgf mediating improvement of the cardiac CF of dilated cardiomyopathy mice dcm | MEDAL |
the solution structure of human adult carbonmonoxy hemoglobin hbco a was refined using stereospecifically assigned methyl groups and residual dipolar couplings based on our previous nuclear magnetic resonance structure the tertiary structures of individual chains were found to be very similar to the xray structures while the quaternary structures in solution at low salt concentrations resembled the xray r structure more than the r structure on the basis of CS perturbation by inositol hexaphosphate ihp titration and docking we identified five possible ihp binding CS in hbco a amidewater proton exchange experiments demonstrated that αthr located in the αβ interface and several loop regions in both α and βchains were dynamic on the subsecond time scale side chain methyl dynamics revealed that methyl CG in the αβ interface were dynamic but those in the αβ interface were quite rigid on the nanosecond to ps and millisecond to microsecond time scales all the data strongly suggest a dynamic αβ interface that allows conformational changes among different forms like t r and r easily in solution IB of ihp to hbco a induced small structural and dynamic changes in the αβ interface and the regions around the hemes but did not increase the conformational entropy of hbco a the IB also caused conformational changes on the millisecond time scale very likely arising from the relative motion of the αβ dimer with respect to the αβ dimer heterotropic effectors like ihp may NC the oxygen affinity of hb through modulating the relative motion of the two dimers and then further altering the structure of heme binding regions | MEDAL |
the effect of acetylcholine ach on the response properties of single units in the caudal auditory telencephalon was studied both in awake chickens and in an in vitro slice preparation two types of electrophysiological SMB in response to ach were observed an inhibition of cell firing typical for the majority of neurons in the AEP hyperstriatum ventrale and a facilitation of neuronal responses seen predominantly in neostriatal AEP units the facilitatory effect of ach is also present in hyperstriatal cells but is usually dominated by an indirect inhibition achinduced facilitation on single unit responses could be mimicked in awake birds by applying potentially arousing sensory stimuli the effects of ach are antagonized by the muscarinic receptor blocker scopolamine inhibitory responses can also be antagonized by the gabaantagonist BIC and thus can be attributed to an achinduced activation of gabaergic inhibitory interneurons evidence is given that the facilitatory responses result from a closure of voltagedependent potassium channels the results are discussed with respect to a possible role of ACh afferents in telencephalic processing of AEP information and in comparison with the ACh influences in the mammalian neocortex | MEDAL |
hypoxia stimulates erythropoiesis the major ironutilization pathway we report the discovery of a conserved PET ironresponsive PE ire in the untranslated region of the messenger rna encoding EC pas domain protein epas also called hypoxiainducible factoralpha hifalpha via this ire iron RII protein IB controls epas mrna translation in response to cellular iron availability our results uncover a regulatory link that permits feedback control between iron availability and the expression of a key transcription factor promoting iron utilization they also show that an ire that is structurally distinct from for example the ferritin mrna ire and that has been missed by in silico approaches can mediate mechanistically similar responses | MEDAL |
the internalized speciation of lead in roots and leaves of sesbania drummondii a lead hyperaccumulator grown in lead nitrate solution was studied using xray absorption nearedge structure and D2 XAS fine structure lead was predominantly present as lead acetate in both plant tissues the other dominant forms of accumulation were leadsulfur EDC whereas lead sulfate and sulfide were found in leaves only lead sulfide was detected in root samples these observations indicate that s drummondii is able to biotransform LN in the nutrient solution to lead acetate and sulfate in its tissues complexation with acetate and sulfate may be a lead detoxification strategy in this plant transmissionelectron microscopy revealed the pattern of lead CSD in and around the cells dense distributions of lead grains were detected in root cell walls and PMs whereas evidence for vacuolar transport of lead was noticed in the stem cells | MEDAL |
we have examined the anthraquinone derivatives of a chinese herb medicine rhubarb by using hplcmsms equipped with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source the simultaneous determination of five ingredients in the sample extracts by hplcmsms was demonstrated product ion spectra of these components in the extracts were obtained and matched against known standards concentrations of these AS ingredients were estimated by multiple reaction monitoring in the negative ion mode using a single hplc run | MEDAL |
the vasodilation elicited in CBF cortex by stimulation of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus fn is mediated by input pathways coming from the basal forebrain we studied whether these pathways mediate the cortical vasodilation via a direct action on local blood vessels or via interposed local neurons neurons were destroyed in the primary sensory cortex by local microinjection of the excitotoxin IBO acid ibo microgramsl microliter five days later rats were anesthetized alphachloralose paralyzed and ventilated arterial pressure and blood gases were controlled and fn was stimulated electrically local cerebral blood flow lcbf was measured using the ciodoantipyrine technique with ARG five days after ibo neurons were destroyed in a restricted cortical area and afferent SF and terminals were preserved the selectivity of the neuronal loss was established by histological and PSA criteria and by transport of horseradish peroxidase from or into the lesion within the lesion resting lcbf n was unaffected but the increase in lcbf evoked from the fn was abolished p greater than n in contrast the vasodilation elicited by hypercapnia arterial co partial pressure n was preserved in the rest of the BB the vasodilation elicited from fn was largely unaffected we conclude that the vasodilation evoked from fn in cerebral cortex depends on the integrity of a restricted population of local neurons that interact with the local microvasculature | MEDAL |
this work evaluates the performance of ionic liquid in supported liquid membrane slm for the removal of phenol from wastewater ionic liquids are organic salts entirely composed of OCs and either organic or inorganic anions due to the fact that the vapor pressure of IL is not detectable and they are sparingly soluble in most conventional solvents they can be applied in slm as the organic phase in this work nalkylmethylimidazolium salts cnmimx have been investigated so as to determine an optimal supported IL membrane the effect of operational parameters such as ph stirring speed and the concentration of stripping agent has been studied and an evaluation of different membrane supports were also carried out with a minimal amount of the ionic liquid butylmethylimidazolium hydrogensulfate PH removal could be achieved by using polytetrafluoroethylene hydrophobic MF in the slm | MEDAL |
in rat sinoatrial node nad μm reduced the rate of spontaneous action potentials duration of action potentials and the velocity of slow diastolic depolarization but the rate of action potential front propagation increases in passed rb PF nad μm reduced the duration of action potentials under conditions of spontaneous activity of PF nad reduced the fi ring rate and the rate of slow DD the effects of extracellular nad on bioelectric activity of the pacemaker SAN node and conduction system of the HR PF are probably related to activation of p and p purinoceptors | MEDAL |
the analysis of ochratoxin amycotoxin produced by widely distributed aspergillus and penicilliumof cereal grain harvested in years were performed by IAC cleanup and hplc with fluorescence PCD this survey examined samples of raw grain wheat rye barley and oat of all samples contaminated by ochratoxin a in the range mgkg calculation made on the basis of the obtained means showed that the daily ochratoxin a NI of human from cereal grain were from to ngkg bw scientific committee for food of the european commission suggested that it was prudent to reduce exposure to ochratoxin a as much as possible below ngkg bwday codex alimentarius and EU commission have established maximum permissible level of mgkg for ochratoxin a in raw cereal grains | MEDAL |
serine palmitoyltransferase spt is involved in the ceramide synthesis pathway we investigated the effects of ispi a potent inhibitor of spt on the SC sc of hairless mouse skin application of ispi for one week resulted in a significant decrease in the amount of ceramide which was associated with a decrease in sc hydration however there was an increase in the number of sc layers and less transepidermal water loss than control transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that the number of desmosomelike structures in the layers immediately above the stratum granulosum sg was significantly increased in ispitreated skin compared to vehicletreated skin the activity of serine proteasean enzyme associated with the process of desquamationwas lower in the sc of ispitreated skin than control furthermore immunoelectronmicroscopy revealed that glucosylceramide and corneodesmosin tended to remain in corneocytes and were not secreted into the ICS of the sc in the ispitreated skin these results indicate that the application of ispi decreases ceramide and skin hydration while at the same time increases the number of sc layers the accumulation of corneocyte layers may originate from an aberrant desquamation process related to the decrease in the serine protease activity as well as an alteration in the transport of desquamationrelated proteases by lamellar bodies | MEDAL |
protein nglycosylation and quality control of protein folding as well as the connected erassociated degradation of misfolded glycoproteins erad are not only evolutionary highly conserved but also functionally linked it is now established that particular nglycan structures which result from processing reactions by exoglycosidases in the er are of importance for glycoprotein folding and for erad thus monoglucosylated nglycan intermediates harbor structural information which is important for promoting glycoprotein folding on the other hand TPS mannosetrimmed nglycans harbor structural information for routing misfolded glycoproteins to erad in this review we summarize current knowledge concerning the role played by glucosidases i and ii in concert with the bifunctional glucosyltransferase and calnexincalreticulin in glycoprotein folding the role of conventional er mannosidase i in concert with the mannosidase edem in handling and routing of misfolded glycoproteins and how the bifunctional os provides a link to the er dislocon for Kd | MEDAL |
the trigeminocardiac reflex has been reported to occur during various craniofacial surgeries or procedures including manipulation of the TG ganglion tumor resection in the CPA various facial reconstructions and transsphenoidal adenomectomy regarding risk AF during transsphenoidal adenomectomy invasiveness closely related to the size of tumor and the degree of manipulation of CS wall have been reported we report the case of a yearold female patient who had a relatively smallsized mm PIT adenoma repetitive asystoles occurred during microscopic transsphenoidal operation of the wall of the cavernous sinus which strongly suggests the importance of careful manipulation of the cavernous sinus wall in addition to reporting this rare complication of transsphenoidal adenomectomy we reviewed its clinical management by performing a literature search | MEDAL |
hypermethylation of promoter cpg islands is a major inactivation mechanism of tumor suppressor genes some of which are thought to be related to the prognosis of patients with nonsmall cell LC nsclc therefore hypermethylation of the specific genes may be expected to serve as a prognostic biomarker for nsclc in this study the methylation status of genes was analyzed in stage ia nsclc cases using methylationspecific pcr hypermethylation was detected in ptger of cases drmgremlin sfrp ilrbeta reprimo apc cxcl hpp sparc sfrp p runx sfrp and wif patients with p sfrp wif or cxcl methylation had a significantly shorter duration of relapsefree survival than their counterparts with an unmethylated gene p p sfrp p wif p cxcl p also those with methylated hpp p or wif had a significantly shorter duration of overall survival hpp p p p wif p MVA revealed that p methylation in RFS and wif methylation in overall survival were the strongest independent prognostic AF p p wif p in conclusion the hypermethylation of the p and wif genes has potential as biomarkers that may be used to predict the prognosis of stage ia nsclc | MEDAL |
prospective SM pm pertains to the execution of a future goal or behavior initial research implies that people with multiple sclerosis ms are apt to show impaired prospective memory for activities of daily living yet pm impairment does not occur in all people with ms thus some other VL besides disease status alone may contribute to pm dysfunction in people with ms chronic pain may be such a variable approximately of people with ms experience significant pain and such pain has been thought to diminish memory function to investigate this possibility patients with ms and HS were po the memory for intentions screening test mist woods s p iudicello j e moran l m carey c l dawson m s grant i hivassociated prospective SM impairment increases risk of dependence in everyday functioning neuropsychology a wellvalidated measure of prospective memory and the MOS pain effects scale pes fischer j s rudick r a cutter g r reingold s c the multiple sclerosis functional composite measure msfc an integrated RPA to ms clinical outcome assessment national ms society clinical outcomes assessment task force multiple sclerosis to assess chronic pain T3 controlling for demographic variables and disability severity subjective pain accounted for significant variance in pm particularly for timebased intentions over sustained delay periods these data accord well with assertions that pain may degrade ability to remember new intentions and suggests that pain is associated with pm dysfunction in people with ms | MEDAL |
pathway engineering in medicinal plants attains a special significance in digitalis species the main industrial source of cardiac glycosides steroidal metabolites derived from mevalonic acid via the triterpenoid pathway in this work the arabidopsis thaliana hmg cdna coding the catalytic domain of HMG coa reductase hmgrs a key enzyme of the mva pathway was expressed in the cardenolideproducing plant digitalis minor transgenic plants were morphologically indistinguishable from control wild plants and displayed the same developmental DP constitutive expression of hmg resulted in an increased sterol and cardenolide production in both in vitro and greenhousegrown plants this work demonstrates that transgenic d minor plants are a valuable system to study and achieve metabolic engineering of the cardenolide pathway and in consequence for the genetic improvement of digitalis species | MEDAL |
the activity of campdependent and campindependent protein kinases a class of enzymes involved in the regulation of cell proliferation was measured in rat Tc epithelium sequential cell populations harvested by a stepwise scraping technique from Tc crypt regions were identified by histology and incorporation of hthymidine into dna campindependent phosphorylation of CS in the presence of gammapatp was markedly suppressed by quercetin a bioflavonoid known to inhibit gtype CS kinase protein kinasec and tyrosine protein kinase conversely the cyclic nucleotide regulatable form requiring histone as substrate was responsive to the action of the heat stable protein kinase inhibitor the protein kinase species were characterised and partially purified by deaecellulose chromatography the activity of campdependent protein kinase in colonic cytosols pmol pminmg protein means se increased from in superficial cell populations to in lower crypt cell fractions p less than Tc campindependent protein kinase activity increased from in surface cell S9 to in lower crypt cell populations p less than a comparable activity gradient was observed in membrane fractions the activity gradient persisted when the results were expressed as a function of cellular dna these findings indicate that protein kinases display a defined topological segregation along the colonic crypt regions and that during migration to the lumen colonic cells attenuate enzyme signals supposedly related to tissue growth | MEDAL |
the purpose of this T0 was to reveal the unique sound characteristics of the bruit produced by arteriovenous CCF avf using a computerized method an electronic stethoscope hz to hz sensitivity was used connected to a portable laptop computer forty prevalent hemodialysis patients participated in the T0 all measurements were made with patients resting in SP prior to the initiation of midweek dialysis session standard color doppler technique was used to estimate blood flow CE revealed the surface where the perceived bruit was more intense and the recording took place at a sample rate of hz in wav lossless format fast fourier transform fft mathematical algorithm was used for the sound analysis this algorithm is particularly useful in revealing the periodicity of sound data as well as in mapping its frequency SMB and its strength produced frequencies were divided into frequency intets of proteinthiols nonprotein and total thiols protein carbonylation and protease activity in the seedlings of alsensitive als indica rice cv hur and altolerant alt cv vandana grown in sand cultures al treatment of μm and μm for days caused a significant decline in the level of protein thiols rise in nonprotein thiols npts as well as protein carbonyl content and an insignificant alteration in the level of total thiols in cv hur seedlings however in the seedlings of alt cv vandana no significant alteration could be observed on any of these parameters with al treatment al treatment inhibited protease activity in roots whereas the opposite trend was seen in shoots new isozymes of protease appeared in shoots of cv vandana with increased level of al treatment our results show a link between protein thiols and npts and suggest the role of npts in the repair and protection of protein thiols inhibitory effect of al on protease activity in roots could be a L1 reason for al rhizotoxic effects al tolerance in rice appears to be associated with lesser content of protein thiols in roots smaller amount of carbonylated proteins in roots as well as shoots and higher protease activity in shoots | MEDAL |
the purpose of this study was to examine to what extent the phenomena associated with a diagnosis of BL personality disorder bpd can be described by the fivefactor model of personality | MEDAL |
a yearold woman presented with a nodule over the tragus of the RA ear a biopsy was initially reported as showing nonspecific inflammation in view of the persistence of the lesion the histological material was reviewed leading to revision of the diagnosis to rosaidorfman disease a diagnosis further confirmed by immunoreactivity of the histiocytes for s protein this case represented the extranodal form of RDD in the absence of lymph node involvement | MEDAL |
this paper presents the epidemiological analyses based on the first years of activity of the mesothelioma registry of liguria rem rem is a populationbased cancer registry specialized in the study of both the incidence and etiology of primary pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma in liguria italy the rem completes normal clinical information with occupational and environmental anamnestic data in order to identify working and living areas at risk for asbestosrelated pathologies the rem started its activity in describing the incidence of PM pm exclusively in the population resident in the city of genoa inhabitants since the rem has studied the entire liguria region inhabitants where nearly new cases of pm are diagnosed annually are women in the city of genoa between and pm crude incidence rate rose from to per males over years old from to the rem registered new patients with histologically and cytologically confirmed diagnosis of pm of them were immunocytohistochemically evaluated occupational information has been gathered for subjects ie of cases with sure or probable diagnosis of pm for patients occupational asbestos exposure direct indirect or only presence in the workplace was identified on average years before diagnosis in particular asbestos exposure was documented in shipyards docks and cargo handling settings building trades iron and steel industries interestingly during the saogml in the presence of a concomitant mild cytotoxic effect | MEDAL |
a communitybased participatory action research par programme that has spanned years is discussed in this article a PHC philosophy requires research in this practice setting and supports the way healthcare is ideally organized within an integrated team and supported by a community network that includes not only the HCWs and service providers but also the community as partners the principles driving three par inquiries are described the OD of a MM for prevention of workplace violence working with clinicians towards improving wound management practice and management of continence for communitydwelling women living with multiple sclerosis participatory action research is a potentially democratic process that is equitable and liberating as participants construct meaning in the process of group discussions we conclude that the cyclical processes inherent in par promote reflection and reconstruction of experiences that can lead to the enhancement of peoples lives either at an individual or community level or both | MEDAL |
barnacle MF subjected to constant current stimulation produce a variety of types of oscillatory behavior when the internal medium contains the ca chelator egta oscillations are abolished if ca is removed from the external medium or if the k conductance is blocked available voltageclamp data indicate that the cells active conductance systems are exceptionally simple given the complexity of barnacle fiber voltage behavior this seems paradoxical this paper presents an analysis of the possible modes of behavior available to a system of two noninactivating conductance mechanisms and indicates a good correspondence to the types of SMB exhibited by barnacle fiber the differential equations of a simple equivalent circuit for the fiber are dealt with by means of some of the mathematical techniques of nonlinear mechanics GA features of the system are a a propensity to produce damped or sustained oscillations over a rather broad parameter range and b considerable latitude in the shape of the oscillatory potentials it is concluded that for cells subject to changeable parameters either from cell to cell or with time during cellular activity a system dominated by two noninactivating conductances can exhibit varied oscillatory and bistable SMB | MEDAL |
clinical electromyography emg provides useful information for the diagnosis of NM disorders the utility of artificial neural networks anns in classifying emg data TR with backpropagation or rohonens selforganizing feature maps algorithm has recently been demonstrated the objective of this study is to investigate how geneticsbased machine learning gbml can be applied for diagnosing certain NM disorders based on emg data the effect of gbml control parameters on diagnostic performance is also examined a hybrid diagnostic system is introduced that combines both neural network and gbml models such a hybrid system provides the enduser with a robust and reliable system as its diagnostic performance relies on more than one learning principle gbml models demonstrated similar performance to neuralnetwork models but with less computation the diagnostic performance of neural network and gbml models is enhanced by the hybrid system | MEDAL |
rat orthoreoviruses are believed to replicate in distinctive cytoplasmic inclusion HB commonly called viral factories or viroplasms the viral nonstructural protein muns has been implicated in forming the matrix of these structures as well as in recruiting other components to them for putative roles in genome replication and particle assembly in this study we sought to identify the regions of muns that are involved in forming factorylike inclusions in transfected cells in the absence of infection or other viral proteins sequences in the carboxylterminal onethird of the residue muns protein were linked to this activity deletion of as few as eight residues from the carboxyl terminus of muns resulted in loss of inclusion formation suggesting that some portion of these residues is required for the phenotype a region spanning residues to of muns was the smallest one shown to be sufficient for forming factorylike inclusions the region from positions to region includes both of two previously predicted coiledcoil segments in muns suggesting that one or both of these segments may also be required for inclusion formation deletion of the more aminoterminal one of the two predicted CC segments from the region resulted in loss of the phenotype although replacement of this segment with aequorea victoria green FL protein which is known to weakly dimerize largely restored inclusion formation sequences between the two predicted CC segments were also required for forming factorylike inclusions and mutation of either one his residue his or one cys residue cys within these sequences disrupted the phenotype the his and cys residues are part of a small consensus motif that is conserved across muns homologs from avian orthoreoviruses and aquareoviruses suggesting this motif may have a common function in these related viruses the inclusionforming region of muns was shown to provide a useful platform for the presentation of peptides for studies of proteinprotein association through colocalization to factorylike inclusions in transfected cells | MEDAL |
we present the case of a yearold woman with a metastatic NE tumour of the ileum and severe tricuspid valve regurgitation due to carcinoid valvulopathy carcinoid HR disease arises in the context of M1 serotoninproducing NE tumours and typically presents as structural and functional CA of tricuspid tv or pulmonary valve pv carcinoid HR disease arises from a lowgrade NE tumour derived from serotoninproducing enterochromaffin cells that reduces the mobility of the leaflets following the development of this type of HR failure the prognosis is unfavourable and patients usually die as a result of HF and not because of the metastatic disease our patient was not considered a candidate for valvular surgery because of the progressive nature of the malignancy however surgical VR is a therapeutic option that although it has a significant mortality needs to be considered in selected patients and leads to improvement in PET capacity and survival | MEDAL |
a total of patients referred by general practitioners for a doublecontrast BE were subsequently examined with colonoscopy with colonoscopy and histology as the REF standard sensitivity specificity positive and negative predictive values and accuracy for the radiological PCD of cancer and polyps were calculated no CA was overlooked by the radiological examination but there were four false positives the overall sensitivity for polyps was increasing to for polyps or mm the predictive value was for the exclusion of polyps the caecum was reached in patients by doublecontrast barium enema and in patients by colonoscopy lesions in four of patients who had radiological changes were undetected at the first colonoscopy but a repeat examination showed polyps or mm in size although colonoscopy is a more sensitive technique for the detor digitorum longus muscle the specificity and relative importance of the different plastic adaptations occurring in the presynaptic axonal tree have been studied in silver impregnated nerve endings by using an automatic image analysis treatment of the nerve terminals geometric properties and a DA of the morphometric parameters changes observed like selective length variations in certain terminal segments and positional rearrangements agree with a mechanism of neural connectivity regulation in the AD that arises as a consequence of normal NM activity | MEDAL |
human sarcomabearing limb substrate utilization was characterized by studying otherwise healthy patients with extremity sarcomas five osteosarcomas five soft tissue sarcomas all patients were studied in the PA state extremity blood flow was measured using a noninvasive capacitance plethysmograph percutaneous arterial and venous effluent blood samples from the tumorbearing tb and control extremity were obtained and flux was calculated for free fatty acids ffa gl and amino acids the control limb showed a PR of amino acids similar to that reported previously there was a dramatic difference in the tb extremity which consistently released fewer amino acids both the tb and control limbs released ffa at the same rate a significant difference in glucose uptake between tb and control limbs was noted for soft tissue sarcoma patients but not osteogenic sarcoma pathe e leads to a conversion did not occur by DAB whereas in wild type it was almost CR at that time there was also some delay in e leads to a conversion within the CBF cortex of sgsg although phenotypically no evidence of cortical disorder has been detected in pooled tissues from phenotypically normalappearing littermates ie a mixture of sg and a slight conversion delay was also found in cerebellum and SC the mutants weaver reeler and jimpy all showed normal schedules of e leads to a conversion these observations raise the possibility that a major defect in staggerer mutants relates to a failure in local surface modulation of ncam to produce the a forms of the molecule some of the failures of synapse formation and of cell survival seen in this disease may result from the anomaly which is likely to alter the IB properties of ncam at critical times of development | MEDAL |
in recent decades hospital food and nutrition departments have taken on increased functions and responsibilities however not enough emphasis has been given to strengthening the administration of these departments a method was developed to offer adequate guidelines for their organization based on the principles of administrative process the project had four stages in the first a method was designed for defining applying and evaluating the desired technicaladministrative structure of a nutrition department in the second the method was put into effect in the food and nutrition service of the san juan de dios hospital in guatemala city next the method was revised taking into account the results obtained during its application finally it was evaluated for its applicability to other institutions its acceptability to hospital management and the organizational effectiveness achieved the results indicate that the departments effectiveness the food quality the acceptability of the diets and the services provided improved by and respectively at the same time the departments staff was reduced by and the budget for food purchases was decreased by without affecting the quality of the services provided the method described can serve as a guide for planning the food department in any hospital or child care center if it is adjusted to the particular characteristics of the nutrition department to which it is applied | MEDAL |
sugar derived from biomass is usually a mixture of glucose and other sugars when mixed sugars are fed to escherichia coli gl is preferentially utilized while other sugars remain unutilized this phenomenon is known as carbon catabolite repression ccr to utilize mixed sugars effectively we isolated a new e coli mutant that is negative for ccr the mutant CS was revealed to have a nucleotide substitution at the promoter region of mlc encoding a global transcriptional repressor for carbohydrate metabolism the identified mutation named mlcâ was a promoterup type and the mlcâ promoter exhibited fold higher activity than the wildtype mlc promoter therefore the mlcâ mutation causes mlc overexpression and a shortage of ptsg which is a glucosespecific permease that is repressed by mlc the disruption of ptsg δptsg is known to induce a ccrnegative phenotype the mlcâ CS also exhibits the same phenotype via the same mechanism as a sample application of the mlcâ CS we produced isobutanol from mixed sugars using glucosexylose mixed sugar the mlcâ strain produced fold more isobutanol than the parental wildtype CS also the mlcâ strain produced similar or greater amounts of isobutanol than other ccrnegative strains δptsg and crpâ crpâ encoding the constitutiveactive mutant of camp receptor protein in conclusion the mlcâ CS is a new ccrnegative CS that is useful for producing valuable compounds from mixed sugars | MEDAL |
we examined the role of mouse cd cd TA which increase in number with age in the generalized shwartzman reaction this reaction was induced by il priming and subsequent lps challenge after h in mice of various ages weeks of age although most young mice or weeks of age survived mortality essentially increased with increasing age of the mice and all mice of weeks of age or older died within h serum TNF C2 T3 lps challenge also increased age dependently the NT of either ilinduced ifngamma or lpsinduced TNF improved the survival of MA weekold mice both Th1 production T3 il priming and tnfalpha production from the liver MNC cells T3 lps challenge were also prominent in the middleaged mice cdcd t cells cultured with il produced a much larger amount of ifngamma than cdcd t cells although the SD of nknk t cells did not decrease the Th1 or tnfalpha production in the shwartzman reaction of the MA mice an additional SD of cdcd TA did decrease such production and also improved mouse survival furthermore young mice transferred with cdcd TA from aged b nude mice showed an enhanced shwartzman reaction | MEDAL |
rapamycin analogues have antitumor efficacy in several tumor types however few patients demonstrate RT regression thus there is a pressing need for markers of intrinsic responseresistance and rational combination therapies we hypothesized that epithelialtomesenchymal transition emt confers rapamycin resistance we found that the epithelial marker EC protein is higher in rapamycin CS rs cells and mesenchymal BCC lines selected by transcriptional emt signatures are less sensitive to rapamycin mcf cells transfected with constitutively active mutant snail had increased rapamycin resistance rr compared to cells transfected with wildtype snail conversely we transfected two rr mesenchymal cell linesachn and mdambwith mirbc or zeb sirna to promote mesenchymaltoepithelial transition this induced ecadherin expression in both cell lines and achn demonstrated a significant increase in rs treatment of achn and mdamb with trametinib modulated emt in achn cells in vitro treatment of mdamb and achn xenografts with trametinib in combination with rapamycin resulted in significant growth inhibition in both but without an apparent effect on emt future studies are needed to determine whether emt status is predictive of sensitivity to rapalogs and to determine whether ACT with emt modulating agents can enhance antitumor effects of pikmtor inhibitors | MEDAL |
the sensitivity of strains of serpulina hyodysenteriae isolated in hungary between and was tested against seven chemotherapeutic drugs frequently used for the treatment of swine dysentery and the changes in the patterns of resistance were also monitored all the strains remained sensitive to carbadox with MIC concentrations mic of only to microgramml at present the susceptibility of the strains to DMZ has gradually decreased but about half of the strains are still sensitive with large numbers of moderately CS strains the mic values varied within wide limits to microgramsml most of the strains were resistant to tylosin with mic values from to microgramsml the number of strains resistant to lincomycin has gradually increased but about half of the strains remain CS the mic values ranged from to microgramsml recently tiamulin has proved the most ERP antibiotic but some resistant strains have already emerged mic values to microgramsml MON was good for the prevention of SD but resistance may evolve quickly the mic values ranged from to microgramsml for sedecamycin the mic values to microgramsml were much higher than expected | MEDAL |
the aim of the study was to analyze the evolution of the clinical EP and ultrasound aspects of carpal tunnel syndrome cts before and and weeks T3 surgery a boston carpal tunnel questionnaire an ultrasound scan and an EP exam were performed in patients the day of surgery and weeks after the nerve conduction T0 included median nerve sensory conduction stimulating digit and median motor conduction from the abductor pollicis brevis ulnar nerve sensory and motor conduction a significant improvement of the PS and a significant decrease of the MN PT crosssectional area on the ultrasound scan were observed weeks after surgery distal motor latency dml was ms in six patients and decreased along the three visits dml was ⤠ms in the eight others and stayed SD after surgery we observed a significant increase of the sensory MN amplitude response at the wrist stimulating the third digit weeks after surgery when operated patients are referred for control we recommend to perform weeks T3 surgery an ultrasonography and a measure of the dml of the median nerve weeks after surgery a measure of the sensory conduction velocity of the median nerve | MEDAL |
our ability to interact with the immediate surroundings depends not only on an adequate representation of external space but also on our ability to represent the location of objects with respect to our own body and especially to our hands indeed electrophysiological studies in monkeys revealed multimodal SN with spatially corresponding tactile and visual receptive fields in a number of BB areas suggesting a representation of visual peripersonal space with respect to the body in this functional magnetic resonance imaging T0 we localized areas in human IPS ips and lateral occipital complex loc that represent nearby visual space with respect to the hands perihand space by contrasting the response to a ball moving nearto versus farfrom the hands furthermore by independently manipulating sensory information about the hand in the visual using a dummy hand and proprioceptive domains by changing the unseen hand position we determined the sensory contributions to the representation of handcentered space in the posterior ips the visual contribution was dominant overriding proprioceptive information surprisingly regions within loc also displayed visually dominant handrelated activation in contrast the anterior ips was characterized by a proprioceptive representation of the hand as well as showing tactile handspecific activation suggesting a homology with monkey parietal handcentered areas we therefore suggest that whereas cortical regions within the posterior ips and loc represent handcentered space in a predominantly visual manner the anterior ips uses multisensory information in representing perihand space | MEDAL |
bionanotubules are lipidbound cylindrical structures with typical diameters in the tens of nanometers and length than can span up to hundreds of micrometers besides being observed in nature bionanotubules can be prepared synthetically by various methods some of which involve the extension of these structures from lipid LDV we describe the formation of lipid nanotubules from liposomes prepared with various lipid mixtures including phosphatidylcholine phosphatidic acid and various fluorescent phospholipids we depict the methods used to extend bionanotubules from surfaceattached vesicles using electric fields as the driving force for bilayer extension and tubular growth these methods include liposome preparation surface attachment and tubular extension by applying modest electric fields vcm methods in which lipid tubules are D2 from liposomes that are free in solution and subject to higher magnitude fields are also described in addition we summarize other protocols of bionanotubule formation from liposomes including various modes of micromechanical manipulation of lipid vesicles | MEDAL |
the human nephrotic syndrome ns is accompanied by important alterations of mineral and bone metabolism the purpose of the present study was to examine bone metabolism in rats with experimental ns and normal creatinine clearance and to evaluate the reversibility of this alteration ns was induced by three i.v. of puromycin aminonucleoside pan on days and and mg g body weight respectively the PSA markers of bone formation osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase and bone resorption hydroxyproline and pyridinoline bone mineral content bmc and bone mineral density bmd determined by DE xray absorptiometry dexa were studied on days and PU was present throughout the T0 hypoproteinemia was seen on days and returning to control values on days and in SS osteocalcin oc concentration increased p and alkaline phosphatase alp decreased p in urine hydroxyproline increased p but Pyr was not different from the control group throughout the study increased SS parathyroid hormone concentration and decreased levels of OH and dihydroxyvitamin d were found from day during the intense proteinuria bone resorption predominates and decreased bmc and bmd ensues in pannephrotic rats pannephrotic rats showed low bmc and bmd compared to control group p at the end of the study when PU persisted but total serum protein returned to control values the PSA bone markers bmc and bmd returned to normal in conclusion pannephrotic rats had reversible bone alterations that were related to the magnitude of proteinuria and the concentration of TSP | MEDAL |
the content of calcitonin generelated peptidelike immunoreactivity cgrpli in MNs was studied in four motor pools supplying muscles in the rat hind limb subserving different types of motor activity the motor pools were identified by VA labeling with horseradish peroxidase or fluorophoreconjugated dextran amines which were injected into the soleus tibialis anterior LG or abductor digiti minimi muscles T3 processing for immunohistochemistry a semiquantitative evaluation was carried out to estimate the proportion of strongly intermediately and weakly labeled motoneurons as well as MNs totally lacking cgrp IF this revealed a considerable diversity in the intensity of cgrp labeling even for motoneurons in the same motoneuron pool thus strongly labeled cells as well as cells devoid of cgrp label were found in all four motoneuron pools however a difference was found in the distribution of motoneurons innervating muscles with a dominant composition of fast and slow motor units respectively in that a larger fraction of the latter type lacked cgrpli moreover generally motoneurons in the small motor units of the abductor digiti minimi muscle displayed weaker staining and a larger proportion of cells was totally devoid of cgrpli compared with larger motor units of the other three muscles smallsized cells within the gammamotoneuron size range were weakly stained or more frequently totally devoid of cgrp label as compared to larger cells presumably representing alphamotoneurons five days after axotomy all four studied motoneuron pools displayed stronger cgrp labeling than corresponding unlesioned pools however a considerable R2 in cgrp labeling persisted also among axotomized motoneurons these results indicate that motoneurons normally display a great R2 in cgrpli C2 but that MNs of small and slowtwitch motor units in GA have lower levels than MNs of C1 and fasttwitch motor units respectively after axotomy cgrpli increases in lesioned motoneuron pools compared with normal but in a fraction of the axotomized MNs the increase seems to be discrete or even absent the possible physiological implications of these findings are discussed | MEDAL |
fish oil during early PN period may modulate the impact of oxidative AS in the developing brain and thus improve memory and cognitive behaviour this T0 investigated the impacts of docosahexaenoic acid dha c n andor phosphatidylserine ps on antioxidant activities in vitro and the beneficial effects of FF with dha andor ps on antioxidant activities in BB and CL tissues and on the cognitive functions of the developing brain results indicated that dha andor ps significantly enhanced antioxidant MICs and increased cell viabilities in vitro FF with dha andor ps supplementation not only significantly improved escape latency of animals but it also improved the oxidative parameters in the brain enhanced glutathione peroxidase activity as well as reduced nitric monooxide C2 in the liver dha and ps may serve to protect cells from oxidative AS and further improve learning and memory ability in vivo | MEDAL |
recently we have shown that activation of inflammatory reaction and clotting can be found immediately after delivery in PT lambs ventilated for RDS rds to investigate whether antenatal glucocorticoids would attenuate postnatal activation of the inflammatory reaction and clotting we studied ventilated PT lambs delivered by cesarean section h T3 antenatal administration of betamethasone or placebo blood was sampled before clamping the cord and min after delivery and hourly afterwards blood was used to determine OI AM arterial partial o difference aado ap titer see text polymorphonuclear leukocytes pmns betaglucuronidase thrombin inhibition APTT time and CLT bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was sampled before clamping the cord and min and and h after delivery and was analyzed for elastase thrombin and protein after removal of the lungs static compliance and water content of the lungs were determined we found that betamethasonetreated lambs had lower OI and aado than controls at birth pmn C2 were higher and the betaglucuronidase level was lower T3 betamethasone treatment pmns and betaglucuronidase did not change in betamethasonetreated lambs in contrast to controls thrombin inhibition APTT time and clot lysis time did not NC in betamethasonetreated lambs in contrast to controls in both CG elastase and protein C2 in BAL lavage fluid increased the thrombin level increased in controls the Cst was better and the water content of the lung was lower in the betamethasonetreated lambs we conclude that early SVR activation of inflammatory reaction and clotting in preterm lambs with rds are attenuated by antenatal betamethasone administration whether this is a direct effect of betamethasone on the inflammatory reaction or a result of a reduced VE support because of less severe rds after antenatal betamethasone treatment remains to be elucidated | MEDAL |
MC and hypercoagulability associated with malignancy are typical late stage complications in CA patients the cooccurrence of meningeal carcinomatosis and cerebral infarction related to hypercoagulability associated with malignancy in an individual as the initial manifestation of malignancy has not been previously reported | MEDAL |
recently mice with a disrupted Ins trisphosphate ip receptor type S2 were produced by gene targeting to examine the role of ip receptor type i in the regulation of intracellular calcium concentration cai of glomerular cells cai was measured with fura acetoxymethylester in the superfused glomeruli from homozygous and wildtype mice cai was determined in calciumfree medium before and after the addition of m endothelin et and m angiotensin ii angii the expression of mrna of ip receptor isoforms and hormone receptors in the glomeruli from these animals also was measured by QRT-PCR with TPS primers for ip receptor isoforms types and angii receptor type and et receptors types a and b in homozygous mutants the shorter mrna of ip receptor type which lacks the first exon is transcribed basal cai and the responses to et and angii in homozygous mutants et nm to nm angii to nm were significantly lower tharate cmrglc before and after B1 replenishment were investigated in living brain slices obtained from pyrithiaminetreated pt and pairfed control rats by use of a positron ARG technique fresh rat brain slices microm thick were incubated with ffluorodeoxydglucose ffdg in oxygenated krebsringer solution at degrees c during which serial 2DE images of ffdg uptake in the slices were constructed on the imaging plates the net influx constant k of ffdg was determined by a patlak graphical method of the image data prior to TPP tpploading the k value in the neurologically symptomatic pt was higher in all brain regions except the thalamus and mammillary body than the control suggesting compensatory enhanced glycolysis the rapid decrease in this heightened net influx constant immediately T3 tpploading was surmised to be due to activation of Pyr oxidation with lactate as the ATP with this inhibiting the glycolysis from or min after tpploading the k value continued to show low values in the TH and mammillary body which are regarded as the responsible CS for korsakoff syndrome whereas in all other sites REC to control values was observed these findings suggest that using this technique the quantitative evaluation of serial local changes in cmrglc from thiamine deficiency to after its replenishment may be useful in elucidating the pathophysiology and prognosis of wernickes encephalopathy | MEDAL |
this T0 examines the effects of biofouling on the EC properties of cation exchange CM cems such as membrane ER mer TPS proton conductivity sc and ion transport number t in addition to on microbial fuel cell mfc performance cem biofouling using a ± μm biofilm was found to slightly increase the mer from Ï cm fresh nafion to Ï cm whereas an increase of almost two times was achieved when the electrolyte was changed from deionized water to an anolyte containing a high cation concentration supporting bacterial growth the simple physical cleaning of cems had little effect on the coulombic efficiency ce whereas replacing a biofouled cem with new one resulted in considerable increase of up to compared to for a biofouled membrane these results clearly suggest the internal resistance increase of mfc was mainly caused by the sulfonate functional groups of cem being occupied with cations contained in the anolyte rather than biofouling itself | MEDAL |
intravenous infusion of autologous chronic lymphocytic leukemia cll cells transduced with an adenovirus encoding cdligand cd caused rapid reductions in leukemiacell counts and lymphnode size we hypothesized that cdligation via cd sensitized cll cells to deathreceptormediated apoptosis we found that cdexpressing cells induced expression of cd and the bhinteractingdomain death agonist bid in cll regardless of whether the leukemia cells had functional p such treatment also induced p a prelated transcription factor regulated by cabl kinase and enhanced the sensitivity to fludarabine faraa of cll cells lacking PET p transduction of cll cells with an adenovirus encoding p also induced bid and cd and enhanced the sensitivity to faraa of pdeficient cll cells however inhibition of cabl with imatinib suppressed cdinduced expression of p pinduced expression of bid and cd and blocked the sensitization of pdeficient cll cells to cdmediated or faraainduced apoptosis conversely cll cells transduced with an imatinibresistant cabl mutant could be induced by cd to express p and bid even when treated with imatinib these results indicate that cd can sensitize leukemia cells to apoptosis via the cabldependent activation of p and mitigate the resistance of pdeficient cll cells to anticancer drug therapy | MEDAL |
if further SS is neither possible nor desirable during moderate hypovolemia anesthetic agents capable of sympathetic stimulation would not be advantageous for induction of anesthesia during hypovolemia to test this hypothesis swine were studied during normovolemia and T3 of their estimated blood volume was removed swine were divided randomly into three equal CG to receive no anesthetic or the minimal anesthetic dose of ketamine mgkg iv or thiopental mgkg iv after the initial response to hypovolemia animals given no drug did not exhibit further changes during the hypovolemic period five T2 after induction of anesthesia in the hypovolemic state ketamine but not thiopental caused C1 increases in plasma EN norepinephrine and renin activity despite these differences both anesthetics equally depressed SVR vascular resistance mean systemic arterial blood pressure heart rate and cardiac SO ketamine but not thiopental decreased stroke volume neither anesthetic affected oxygen consumption both anesthetics caused similar increases in blood lactate concentration thirty minutes after induction of anesthesia plasma epinephrine norepinephrine and renin activity remained higher in animals given ketamine than in those given thiopental stroke volume systemic V1 resistance cardiac output and oxygen consumption did not differ among groups however only the animals given ketamine showed further increase in blood lactate concentration and basedeficit thirty T2 T3 infusion of shed blood cardiac output and blood lactate concentration were greater in the animals given ketamine than in those given thiopental or no anesthetic ninety minutes T3 infusion of shed blood no differences existed among groups the authors conclude that after moderate hemorrhage further increase in circulating CAs is possible but that the C2 achieved either exceed the maximal effective concentration at CS of action or their effects are overwhelmed by the depressant effects of ketamineabstract truncated at words | MEDAL |
an understanding of the dynamics of soil OC soc as affected by farming practices is imperative for maintaining soil productivity and mitigating global warming the objectives of this T0 were to investigate the effects of LT fertilization on soc and soc fractions for the whole soil profile cm in northwest china the T0 was initiated in in gansu china and included six treatments unfertilized control ck nitrogen fertilizer n nitrogen and phosphorus p fertilizers np straw plus n and p fertilizers nps farmyard manure fym and farmyard manure plus n and p fertilizers npfym results showed that soc concentration in the cm soil layer increased with time except in the ck and n treatments longterm fertilization significantly influenced soc concentrations and storage to cm depth below cm soc concentrations and storages were statistically not significant between all treatments the concentration of soc at different depths in cm soil profile was higher under npfym follow by under nps compared to under ck the soc storage in cm in npfym nps fym and np treatments were increased by and respectively as compared to the ck treatment organic manure plus inorganic fertilizer application also increased labile SOC pools in cm depth the average concentration of particulate organic carbon poc DOC doc and microbial biomass carbon mbc in organic manure plus inorganic fertilizer treatments nps and npfym in cm depth were increased by and respectively over the ck treatment the poc mbc and doc concentrations increased linearly with increasing soc content these results indicate that LT additions of organic manure have the most beneficial effects in building carbon pools among the investigated types of fertilization | MEDAL |
the theory of myofascial pain syndrome mps caused by trigger points trps seeks to explain the phenomena of muscle pain and tenderness in the absence of evidence for local nociception although it lacks external validity many practitioners have uncritically accepted the diagnosis of mps and its system of treatment furthermore rheumatologists have implicated trps in the pathogenesis of chronic widespread pain fm syndrome we have critically examined the evidence for the existence of myofascial trps as putative pathological entities and for the vicious cycles that are said to maintain them we find that both are inventions that have no scientific basis whether from experimental approaches that interrogate the suspect tissue or empirical approaches that assess the outcome of treatments predicated on presumed pathology therefore the theory of mps caused by trps has been refuted this is not to deny the existence of the clinical phenomena themselves for which scientifically sound and logically plausible explanations based on known neurophysiological phenomena can be T3 | MEDAL |
the purpose of our T0 was describing the meaning of pregnancy through assisted reproductive technologies arts a qualitative design with hermeneutic phenomenology RPA was selected to carry out the research semistructured indepth interviews were conducted with women who experienced assisted pregnancy three themes emerged from womens experience including finding peace in life paradoxical feelings and struggling to realize a dream we concluded that pregnancy is the beginning of a new and hard struggle for women with fertility problems the findings of our study resulted in helpful implications for the health care professionals managing assisted pregnancies | MEDAL |
the purpose of this doubleblind multicenter trial was to compare the tau and safety of sertraline mgday with those of citalopram mgday in patients with L1 depression in GP during weeks of treatment the patients were assessed using the montgomeryasberg depression rating scale and the clinical global impressions of severity and improvement scales observed and spontaneously reported AEs were recorded and sideeffects were assessed by means of the uku sideeffect scale altogether patients were randomized into the T0 a total of patients completed the week study in accordance with the protocol a significant reduction in the total MADRS scores was observed in both treatment groups as early as weeks with no statistically significant differences between the drugs in the intention to treatlast observation carried forward analysis responded to treatment in the sertraline and in the CIT group the final mean doses were mgday higher than baseline in the sertraline group and mgday higher than baseline in the citalopram group the response rate in completers in accordance with protocol was in the sertraline group and in the CIT group the sideeffects were those usually seen and both sertraline and citalopram were considered to be well tolerated it was concluded that patients with L1 depression in GA practice respond well to weeks of treatment with sertraline or CIT with regard to tau no statistically significant differences were found between the drugs | MEDAL |
gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy gc regimen represents a ST for T3 UC we performed an openlabel singlearm nonrandomised phase trial evaluating the addition of sunitinib to standard gc chemotherapy sgc regimen overall treatmentnaïve participants were recruited and received up to six d cycles of cisplatin mgm intravenously iv day and gemcitabine mgm iv days and combined with sunitinib mg orally days following review of toxicity after the first six patients the sunitinib dose was reduced to mg for all patients overall response rate was with response noted in of patients at mo of assessable patients confidence interval ci were progression free median overall survival was mo ci and was heavily influenced by bajorin prognostic group grade toxicities were predominantly haematologic and limited the deliverability of the triple sgc regimen the trial did not meet its prespecified primary end point of patients progression free at mo cumulative myelosuppression led to treatment delays of gemcitabine and cisplatin and dose reduction andor withdrawal of sunitinib in the majority of cases the tripledrug combination was not well tolerated phase evaluation of the triple sgc regimen in advanced MBT-2 is not recommended | MEDAL |
twentyfive mri scans were performed on patients with cadaveric pancreatic transplants to determine the role of this modality in the evaluation of transplant dysfunction our population included normal transplants and recipients with pancreatic VG dysfunction either rejection or pancreatitis six of the latter patients had two or more scans permitting reassessment of the same SPK in various states of health tand tweighted mr images were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively to see if certain patterns were associated with clinical status we found that although mri was capable of producing excellent images of the in situ pancreatic SPK this modality was unable to reliably distinguish the normal from the abnormal SPK this conclusion differs from prior assessments possible reasons for this are discussed | MEDAL |
it is known that a triazolatobridged dinuclear platinumii complex cisptnhmicroohmicrotan n no amta shows high in vitro cytotoxicity against several human tumor cell lines and circumvents crossresistance to cisplatin in the present T0 we examined a dose and timedependent effect of amta on the higherorder structure of a C1 dna t phage dna kbp by adapting singlemolecule observation with fluorescence microscopy it was found that amta induces the shrinking of dna into a compact state with a much higher potency than cisplatin from a quantitative analysis of the brownian motion of individual dna molecules in solution it became clear that the density of a dna segment in the compact state is about times greater than that in the absence of amta circular dichroism spectra suggested that amta causes a transition from the b to the c form in the AA structure of dna which is characterized by fast and slow processes electrophoretic measurements indicated that the IB of amta to supercoiled dna induces unwinding of the double helix our results indicate that amta acts on dna through both electrostatic interaction and coordination binding the former causes a fast NC in the secondary structure from the b to the c form whereas the latter promotes shrinking in the higherorder structure as a relatively slow kinetic process the shrinking effect of amta on dna is attributable to the possible increase in the number of bridges along a dna molecule it is concluded that amta interacts with dna in a manner markedly different from that of cisplatin | MEDAL |
the effect of disopyramide a class ia antiarrhythmic drug on the SS glucose level was evaluated in consecutive inpatients a hour starvation test was repeated with oral administration of sustainedrelease disopyramide mg and hours T3 starting the test SS glucose C2 during the starvation test decreased with DP administration from a mean value of to mgdl samples p the average reduction of the SS gl level by disopyramide in each patient was mgdl the decrease in the serum glucose level was not related to the SS concentration of disopyramide or SS creatinine levels the decrease in the SS gl level was larger in older patients r and in light patients under kg these results suggested that DP reduced the fasting serum glucose C2 even in normal ranges as a common side effect of the drug and that not only the occurrence of severe hypoglycemia but also the decrease in gl C2 were influenced by multiple AF including age and body weight | MEDAL |
il and the neutrophilactivating peptide nap are members of the chemokine family of host defense cytokines although il was shown to interact with two different high affinity receptors on PMNs pmn direct demonstration of SB CS for nap is difficult because the nap molecule lacks iodinable side chains here we present a modified labeling procedure for the chemokine that does not affect its biologic activity the ilabeled nap specifically bound to pmn with two different affinities kd and nm we observed complete crosscompetition of unlabeled il with ilabelednap and of unlabeled nap with ilabeled il indicating the absence of monospecific binding CS for either chemokine however in contrast to former work by others the total number of accessible sites was considerably lower for nap cell than for il cell in addition pmn prepared from heparinized blood expressed significantly more receptors for nap than cells prepared from citrated blood whereas Bmax for il were unchanged desensitization experiments suggested a RII role for the nap high affinity site ST priming of pmn with a nonstimulatory dose of nap or mgsa but not with il led to drastic downregulation of the subsequent degranulation response challenged by higher dosages of nap mgsa or il reduced PET responsiveness of cells correlated with the rapid downregulation and internalization of nap and il high affinity binding sites thus our data indicate that chemokines could mediate by individual modes of interaction with common receptors different biologic functions | MEDAL |
OC pesticides ocps can persistently accumulate in body and threaten human health bile acids and intestinal microbial metabolism have emerged as important signaling molecules in the host however knowledge on which intestinal microbiota and bile acids are modified by ocps remains unclear in this T0 AD male B6 mice were exposed to p pdichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene p pdde and βhexachlorocyclohexane βhch for weeks the relative abundance and composition of various bacterial species were analyzed by s rrna gene sequencing bile acid composition was analyzed by metabolomic analysis using uplcms the expression of genes involved in hepatic and enteric bile acids metabolism was measured by RT pcr expression of genes in bile acids synthesis and transportation were measured in hepg cells incubated with p pdde and βhch our findings showed ocps changed relative abundance and composition of intestinal microbiota especially in enhanced lactobacillus with bile salt hydrolase bsh activity ocps affected bile acid composition enhanced hydrophobicity decreased expression of genes on bile acid reabsorption in the terminal ileum and compensatory increased expression of genes on synthesis of bile acids in the CL we demonstrated that chronic SE of ocps could impair intestinal microbiota as a result hepatic and enteric bile acid profiles and metabolism were influenced the findings in this study draw our attention to the hazards of chronic ocps exposure in modulating bile acid metabolism that might cause metabolic disorders and their potential to cause related diseases in human | MEDAL |
the brown alga dictyota kunthii is one of the dominant species in the coastal Az of northern chile affected by copper enrichment due to accumulated mining wastes to assess its physiological plasticity in handling coppermediated oxidative stress days copper exposure ca μgl experiments were conducted with individuals from a copper impacted area and compared with the responses of plants from a nonimpacted site several biochemical parameters were then evaluated and compared between populations results showed that individuals from the copperimpacted population normally displayed higher C2 of copper content and antioxidant enzymes activity catalase cat ascorbate peroxidase ap dehydroascorbate reductase dhar glutathione peroxidase gp and peroxiredoxins prx after copper SE antioxidant CEA increased significantly in plants from the two selected sites in addition we found that coppermediated oxidative AS was associated with a reduction of erapy method in finland and more recently also in other countries the purpose of this exploratory T0 was to investigate what effects tube phonation with and without water has on the larynx two participants were included in the study the methods used were highspeed imaging EGG observations of vocal fold vibrations and measurements of oral pressure during tube phonation results showed that the fluctuation in the back pressure during tube phonation in water altered the vocal fold vibrations in the highspeed imaging effects were found in the open quotient and amplitude variation of the glottal opening the open quotient increased with increasing water depth from cm to cm a modulation effect by the water bubbles on the vocal fold vibrations was seen both in the highspeed glottal area tracings and in the electroglottography signal a second experiment revealed that the increased average oral pressure was largely determined by the water depth the increased open quotient can possibly be explained by an increased abduction of the vocal folds andor a reduced transglottal pressure the back pressure of the bubbles also modulates glottal vibrations with a possible massage effect on the vocal folds this effect and the welldefined average pressure increase due to the known water depth are different from those of other methods using a semioccluded vocal tract | MEDAL |
malignant mixed mullerian tumors are composed of a mixture of sarcoma and carcinoma the carcinomatous element is usually glandular whereas the sarcomatous PE may resemble normal endometrial stroma rat or socalled CS here we present a rat type of malignant mixed mullerian tumor of the uterus that presented as a cervical mass we describe a yearold patient who had a cervical mass arising from the uterus we performed total AH and bilateral salpingooophorectomy and surgical staging including peritoneal washings suspicious areas or peritoneal surfaces sampled infracolic omental sampling pelvic and paraaortic lymph node sampling and appendectomy carcinosarcomas of the uterine cervix are extremely rare and when a PM woman with a cervical mass is admitted to the gynecology clinic the physician should keep in mind that the mass might be a CS | MEDAL |
rupture of the extensor pollicis longus epl tendon after nondisplaced fracture of the distal radius is a known complication but can also occur in nonrheumatoid patients without a PH of fracture this study is a retrospective analysis of seven patients treated between and five epl ruptures occurred with nondisplaced colles fractures two involved a chronic tenosynovitis of the second dorsal extensor compartment of the wrist the age of the patients ranged from years to years mean years length of followup ranged from weeks to months mean months rupture occurred at a median of weeks range weeks to months from the time of the distal radius fracture three EIP tendons and four free palmaris longus tendon grafts were performed at final followup six patients had an extensor lag degrees or normal thumb interphalangeal joint motion one patient had a degrees extensor lag the causes of epl rupture include mechanical irritation attrition and vascular impairment leading to delayed rupture synovitis of the extensor carpi radialis due to repetitive use may invade the epl tendon and lead to rupture extensor indicis proprius transfer or free palmaris longus grafts yield good results T3 epl rupture | MEDAL |
we describe an optical amplifier designed to amplify a spatially sampled component of an optical wavefront to kilowatt average power the goal is means for implementing a strategy of spatially segmenting a C1 aperture wavefront amplifying the individual segments maintaining the phase coherence of the segments by active means and imaging the resultant amplified coherent field applications of interest are the transmission of space solar SP over multimegameter distances as to distant spacecraft or to remote sites with no preexisting power grid | MEDAL |
the transsphenoidal RPA has been utilized in intrasellar craniopharyngioma surgeries however the advent of endoscopic D2 transsphenoidal RPA eetsa has expanded its indication to suprasellar craniopharyngiomas we compared the indication and limitations of eetsa to those of unilateral basal interhemispheric RPA ubiha which presents similar indications for surgery we analyzed patients with tumors located below the foramen of monro and the lateral boundary extending slightly beyond the internal carotid artery ubiha n eetsa n postoperative magnetic resonance imaging mri revealed GTR in patients in the eetsa group and in the ubiha group postoperative mri in the eetsa group revealed residual tumor at the CS in one patient at the prepontine in one in the ubiha group residual PT were located in the retrochiasmatic area in two patients infundibulumhypothalamus in one on the stalk in one and in the intrasellar region in two no intergroup differences were observed in the preservation of pituitary function and postoperative improvement of visual function the extent of resection was better with eetsa than with ubiha eetsa is considered the firstline therapy because the distance between the optic chiasm and the superior border of the PIT is C1 the lateral extension does not go beyond the internal carotid artery and the RT does not extend inferiorly beyond the posterior clinoid process however in patients showing poorly developed sphenoid sinuses or pituitary stalks anterior to the RT surgery is difficult regardless of the selection criteria | MEDAL |
congenital afibrinogenemia ca is a disease characterized by a complex pathophysiology involving both the procoagulant and fibrinolytic systems as well as PLT activity although hemorrhagic diathesis represents the most frequent clinical presentation of this disorder severe thrombotic events can occur it is not yet clear if these events are strictly related to the disease itself or to the fibrinogen replacement therapy different hypotheses on the pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed it is well known that fibrinogenfibrin has a role in the downregulation of thrombin generation in plasma in the absence of circulating fibrinogen this AT activity is missing and plasma thrombin C2 rise this excess of thrombin could promote clotting of the infused fibrinogen initiating the thrombotic process furthermore the observation of impaired plasmin generation in the plasma of ca patients has raised the hypothesis of a fibrinolytic system deficiency we report the case of a ca male patient who at the age of years experienced an arterial thrombosis in his left lower limb despite an aggressive medical treatment with lowmolecularweight heparin fibrinolytic and antiplatelet agents the arterial thrombosis PD to the one of the whole left arterial district and the patient underwent the amputation of the left lower limb this case demonstrates the complexity of pathophysiology and clinical management of a socalled bleeding disorder as ca | MEDAL |
the epithelial ovarian cancer eoc has been underdiagnosed because it does not have a specific clinical presentation and the signs and symptoms are similar to the IBS and pelvic inflammatory disease eoc is less common than breast and CC but it is more lethal on the whole eoc has an early dissemination to peritoneal cavity which delays a timely diagnosis and increases the rate of T3 diagnosed disease the diagnosis usually surprises the women and the PC physician therefore it is necessary to count on prevention and early diagnosis programs eoc has response to surgical treatment but nearly of the patients may relapse in five years the objectives of this document are presenting a summary of the eoc epidemiology and comment about advancements in prevention diagnosis and treatment of this CA that will raise awareness about the importance of this disease | MEDAL |
increasing concentrations of kcl kf and nacl from · to · m increased the CS and cohesiveness of heatinduced actomyosin gels · m kcl ph · on the other hand kbr kscn ki nhcl mgcl and cacl decreased gel strength and cohesiveness gel compressive strength increased with increasing urea concentration ·· m addition of the sulphydryl blocking agent nethylmaleimide and the reducing agents dithiothreitol and cysteine decreased the CS and cohesiveness of AM gels overall the results indicate that hydrophobic interactions disulphide and hydrogen bonding contribute to the formation and stabilization of actomyosin gels | MEDAL |
we recently demonstrated that net fluid uptake occurs in the capillary system of the IM to define the site of fluid uptake the concentration of protein was determined in plasma from DVR at the base and tip of the exposed papilla in munichwister rats the vasa recta plasmatoarterial plasma protein concentration ratio vrp was at the base and at the tip these results which indicate fluid loss from the descending vasa recta are difficult to explain on the basic of hydraulic and oncotic forces alone the osmolality of the contents of descending vasa recta increased between base and tip delta mosmolkg ho if the increase in osmolality of plasma in descending vasa recta lags behind that of the adjacent medullary interstitium a transcapillary osmotic driving force exists favoring water loss from descending vessels it is concluded that fluid uptake by the inner medullary circulation occurs beyond descending vasa recta in interconnecting capillaries or AVR in our view the most likely interpretation of these results is that fluid movement across vasa recta in the IM is influenced by three forces those owing to transcapillary differences in osmotic oncotic and hydraulic pressures | MEDAL |
pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis pam is a very rare disease in which multiple microscopic calcium phosphate microliths are deposited within the alveoli of both lungs a lung biopsy is considered to be definitive for final diagnosis however noninvasive imaging modalities such as chest xray hrct scan and mtcmdp BS suggest the diagnosis in the vast majority of patients although ffdg petct has been tried to characterize the disease fsodium fluoride petct as a proofofprinciple was tried for the first time in a known case of pam in order to characterize the lung lesions interestingly we noted that fsodium fluoride petct is a superior modality in characterization and assessment of the extent of disease in pam compared to all other noninvasive imaging modalities thus we recommend that fsodium fluoride petct should be the investigation of choice in pam | MEDAL |
haemophilus influenzae type b hib organisms produce pili which mediate attachment to human cells and are multimeric structures composed of a kda subunit called pilin or hifa although pili from other organisms contain additional proteins accessory to pilin no structural components other than pilin have been identified in hib pili previous analysis of a hib pilus gene cluster however suggested that two genes hifd and hife may encode additional pilus subunits to determine if hifd and hife encode pilus components the genes were overexpressed in escherichia coli and the resulting proteins were purified and used to raise polyclonal antisera antisera raised against cterminal hifd and hife fragments reacted with h influenzae hifd and hife proteins respectively on western immunoblots western immunoblot analysis of immunoprecipitated hib pili demonstrated that hifd and hife copurified with pili in ELISAs antisera raised against a recombinant hife protein that contained most of the mature protein reacted more to piliated hib than to nonpiliated hib or to a mutant containing a hife gene IS immunoelectron microscopy confirmed that the hife AS bound to pili and demonstrated that the AS bound predominantly to the pilus tips these data indicate that hifd and hife are pilus subunits adherence inhibition studies demonstrated that the hife AS completely blocked pilusmediated HA suggesting that hife mediates pilus adherence | MEDAL |
dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans dfsp is a low grade fibrohistiocytic malignant soft tissue tumor that arises infrequently in the foot and ankle region it most frequently demonstrates a storiform histologic DP and if incompletely excised may be recurrent more anaplastic and M1 soft tissue plain film radiography as well as magnetic resonance imaging mri help outline the RT and involved tissues which is beneficial in staging determining surgical approach and evaluation of therapy definitive diagnosis is made by biopsy a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is reported in the foot of a yearold female patient years T3 trauma to the site | MEDAL |
this article proposes an adaptive actionselection method for a modelfree reinforcement learning system based on the concept of the reliability of internal predictionestimation this concept is realized using an internal VL called the reliability index ri which estimates the accuracy of the internal estimator we define this index for a value CF of a temporal difference learning system and substitute it for the temperature parameter of the boltzmann actionselection rule accordingly the weight of exploratory actions adaptively changes depending on the uncertainty of the prediction we use this idea for tabular and weightedsum type value functions moreover we use the ri to adjust the learning coefficient in addition to the temperature parameter meaning that the reliability becomes a general basis for metalearning numerical experiments were performed to examine the behavior of the proposed method the ribased qlearning system demonstrated its features when the adaptive learning coefficient and C1 ridiscount rate which indicate how the ri values of future states are reflected in the ri value of the current state were introduced statistical tests confirmed that the algorithm spent more time exploring in the initial phase of learning but accelerated learning from the Tm of learning it is also shown that the proposed method does not work well with the actorcritic models the limitations of the proposed method and its relationship to relevant research are discussed | MEDAL |
pdl expression in the tumor immune microenvironment is recognized as both a prognostic and predictive biomarker in patients with cutaneous melanoma a finding closely related to its adaptive ifnγmediated mechanism of expression approximately of cutaneous melanomas express pdl however the expression patterns C2 and prevalence in rarer melanoma subtypes are not well described we performed immunohistochemistry for pdl and cd on formalinfixed paraffinembedded specimens from patients with acral n mucosal n uveal n and chronic sundamaged csd n melanomas lentigo maligna mixed desmoplastic and pure desmoplastic melanomas cd tumorinfiltrating lymphocyte til densities were characterized as mild moderate or severe and their geographic association with pdl expression was evaluated discrete LA the presence of a spindle cell morphology and the relationship of these features with pdl expression were assessed pdl expression was observed in of acral melanomas of mucosal melanomas of uveal melanomas and of csd melanomas p compared to our previously characterized cohort of cutaneous melanomas the proportion of pdl tumors was lower in uveal p and higher in csd p melanomas while pdl expression in the acral and mucosal subtypes was on par pdl expression in all subtypes correlated with a moderatesevere grade of cd til all p supporting an adaptive mechanism of expression induced during the host antitumor response the RT microenvironments observed in csd melanomas segregated by whether they were the pure desmoplastic AT1 which showed lower C2 of pdl expression when compared to other csd melanomas p the presence of LA was not associated with the level of pdl expression while pdl cases with spindle cell morphology demonstrated higher C2 of pdl than those with a nested phenotype p our findings may underpin the reported clinical response rates for antipd monotherapy which vary by AT1 | MEDAL |
the antimicrobial silvercoating of medical prostheses is regarded as a means to reduce the risk of bacterial colonisation after implantation the effect of a silvercoating of V1 grafts on biofilm formation was assessed in batch cultures of staphylococcus aureus using confocal laser scanning microscopy total cells in biofilms were analysed by staining with the dnabinding fluorochrome syto and the proportion of damaged cells was quantified with the membrane potentialsensitive dye bisdibutylbarbituric acid trimethine oxonol both the extent of biofilm formation and the proportion of viable biofilm cells were significantly diminished on the surface of the silvercoated V1 grafts compared with uncoated controls probably due to the antimicrobial activity of silver ions released from the silvercoated graft surface | MEDAL |
thirteen antimicrobial agents and betalactamase inhibitor combinations were tested simultaneously for their invitro activity against a range of anaerobic gramnegative bacilli with a standard REF agar dilution method overall metronidazole imipenem ampicillinsulbactam ticarcillinclavulanic acid and cefoperazonesulbactam followed by CLI cefoxitin and piperacillin had the greatest activity cefotetan ceftizoxime and cefoperazone were moderately active while ampicillin and penicillin were least active metronidazole was the only drug active against all strains but only one CS was resistant to imipenem resistance was highest among certain members of the bacteroides fragilis group but was observed also among numerous other bacteroides species betalactamase was produced by of strains in the b fragilis group and by of strains overall the activities of CLI and cefoxitin were compared with those in previous surveys since at our institution no clear evidence of increasing resistance was demonstrated but the data emphasized the significant effects resulting from variations in susceptibility testing | MEDAL |
the presence of lewy body and neurofibrillary tangle in the locus ceruleus neurons of aged brain is described ultrastructural T0 revealed that in some lewy bodies the presence of twisted tubules or paired helical filaments amongst the filaments of the lewy body a quantitative analysis of serial sections of LC from aged BB incidences of the lewy body and neurofibrillary change were and respectively the incidence of SN containing both structures was | MEDAL |
oxidative stress mediates chemical damage to dna yielding a wide variety of products in this work the potential capability of melatonin and several of its metabolites to repair directly chemically oxidative lesions in dna was explored it was found that all the investigated molecules are capable of repairing guaninecentered radical cations by electron transfer at very high rates that is diffusionlimited they are also capable of repairing ccentered radicals in the sugar moiety of deoxyguanosine dg by hydrogen atom transfer although this was identified as a rather slow process with rate constants ranging from to à | MEDAL |
the pharmacokinetics of metronidazole mtz were studied in six CD patients T3 multiple oral daily doses of and mg day pharmacokinetic indices were found to be independent of the dose po the halflife volume of distribution and oral clearance of metronidazole were h l kg and ml min kg mean sd respectively a strong linear rho r was found between the volume of CSD of mtz and the patients total body weight the percentage of dose of metronidazole excreted in urine as the intact drug and metabolites as well as GlcA conjugates ranged from to both plasma and urine data exhibited very large interpatient variations however intrapatient variations were negligible strong positive linear correlations were observed between the dose and the areas under the plasma concentration versus time curves peak plasma concentrations as well as cumulative urinary excretion of the drug and its metabolites it is concluded that in CD the pharmacokinetics of mtz and its metabolites are linear and that the drug concentrations are dependent on the TBW | MEDAL |
we present cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis occurring in soldiers of a unit of us army rangers who parachuted into the jungles of panama shortly T3 returning to the united states these soldiers each developed a crusted indurated papule which slowly enlarged during the following weeks routine microscopy of skin biopsies revealed a dermal granulomatous inflammation and a predominantly lymphoid infiltrate numerous histiocytes contained small oval organisms with barshaped paranuclear kinetoplasts morphologically consistent with leishmanial parasites cultures grew leishmaniasis brasiliensis subspecies panamensis the soldiers were treated with intravenous pentavalent antimonial therapy daily for days with good clinical improvement epidemics of leishmaniasis occur periodically in tropical regions of the world and leishmaniasis has emerged in new settings for example as an AIDS syndromeassociated opportunistic infection with an increasingly mobile society it is important to be familiar with the clinical and histopathologic appearance of conditions such as leishmaniasis which are common in tropical and subtropical regions and are increasingly significant in other regions of the world | MEDAL |
fortyfour cases of HD disease hd mostly of the NS type were investigated for the presence of epsteinbarr virus ebv by PCR reaction pcr and dna and rna in situ hybridization dish rish as well dialysis treatment renal biopsy showed crescents in all cases involving to of glomeruli patients were treated with a protocol including a plasma exchange pe course methylprednisolone cyclophosphamide and an antithrombotic agent defibrotide clinical picture and renal CF progressively improved in all patients within the first weeks of treatment after month serum creatinine was mgdl and dialysis was no longer needed in any patient five relapses occurred in patients months T3 the ON of the disease while they were still receiving IS treatment at followup to months mean all patients were alive with no clinical signs of SLEDAI one patient was on regular dialysis while the others had a SS creatinine of mgdl mean our results confirm that crescentic gn associated with wg can be successfully treated even when associated with severe clinical picture and suggest that pe can contribute to control the disease without increasing IS | MEDAL |
previous studies have reported increased secretion of illike activity from MNC cells and increased circulating levels during the LP of the MC in this investigation TPS rias for the agonists il alpha and ilbeta as well as il receptor antagonist ilra were used to determine whether differential il secretory patterns exist between men and women or between phases of the menstrual cycle mononuclear cells were isolated from six men and five women at h intervals from am to pm with the women studied once in midfollicular phase and once in midluteal phase in the absence of any intentional stimulation significant differences in secretion were observed between groups p for all three species of il womens cells isolated during the luteal phase secreted to fold more than cells from men and womens cells isolated during the FP secreted to fold more than cells from men in addition total h urine samples were collected in intervals with end points coinciding with the blood samples urinary excretion correlated with cellular secretion for ilbeta and ilra p and respectively indicating that the in vitro results may correspond to differential processes occurring in vivo although greater absolute amounts of each species of il were secreted during the follicular phase the ratio of agonist to antagonist secreted was greater in the luteal phase p in agreement with previous studies of bioactivity these results indicate that the regulation of il secretion is fundamentally different in women compared with men and alludes to the possibility that il may serve different biologic functions in women than men | MEDAL |
recently several outbreaks of JE je caused by japanese encephalitis virus jev have been reported and it has become cause of concern across the world in this study detailed analysis of jev codon usage DP was performed the relative synonymous codon usage rscu values along with mean effective number of codons enc value of indicated the presence of low codon usages bias in jev the effect of mutational pressure on codon usage bias was confirmed by significant correlations of as us gs cs gcs enc values with overall nucleotide contents a u g c and gc the correlation analysis of as us gs cs gcs with axis values of CA coa further confirmed the role of mutational pressure however the correlation analysis of gravy values and aroma values with as us gs cs and gcs indicated the presence of natural selection on codon usage bias in addition to mutational pressure the natural selection was further confirmed by codon adaptation index cai analysis additionally relative dinucleotide frequencies geographical CSD and evolutionary processes also influenced the codon usage pattern to some extent | MEDAL |
based on their unique resistance to various space parameters bacillus endospores are one of the model systems used for astrobiological studies in this T0 spores of b subtilis were used to T0 the effects of galactic cosmic radiation gcr on spore survival and induced mutagenesis in interplanetary space outside earths protective magnetic field sporecontaining rocks would be exposed to bombardment by highenergy charged particle radiation from galactic sources and from the sun which consists of photons xrays gamma rays protons electrons and heavy highenergy charged hze particles b subtilis spores were irradiated with xrays and accelerated heavy ions helium carbon Si and iron in the linear energy transfer let range of kevmum spore survival and the rate of the induced mutations to rifampicin resistance rifr depended on the let of the applied species of ions and radiation whereas the exposure to highenergy charged particles for example iron ions led to a low level of spore survival and increased frequency of mutation to rifr compared to lowenergy charged particles and xrays twentyone rifr mutant spores were isolated from xray and heavy ionirradiated samples nucleotide sequencing located the rifr mutations in the rpob gene encoding the betasubunit of rna polymerase most mutations were primarily found in cluster i and were predicted to result in CAA changes at residues ql av and hpy four previously undescribed alleles in b subtilis rpob were isolated lp rp and ap in cluster i and hr in the spacer between clusters i and ii the spectrum of rifr mutations arising from spores exposed to components of gcr is distinctly different from those of spores exposed to simulated space vacuum and martian conditions | MEDAL |
the experimental setup was designed to T0 the effect of natural charging of droplets during spraying called spray electrification or spray charging in a wet scrubber the influence of nozzle material liquid feed rate and liquid composition on the specific charge charge per unit volume of liquid formed in spraying was measured it was found that the nozzle material has no measurable effect on this specific charge increasing the liquid feed rate increases the TPS charge significantly increasing solute nacl or naoh concentration increases the conductivity that decreases the formed TPS charge the same correlation between the specific charge and conductivity was also observed with real scrubbing liquids it is proposed that the specific charge depends only on the value of liquid conductivity not on liquid composition the conductivity of the tested scrubbing liquids was high enough to suppress the formation of a high TPS charge during spraying | MEDAL |
elevated plasma homocysteine enhances the risk of thrombosis and premature AS we have assessed the activity of the prime enzymes of homocysteine metabolism in cultured human A-V endothelial cells in a study of their possible protective roles in cells from individuals cultured in dulbeccos modified eagle medium the mean activity sd of cystathionine betasynthase nmol of producth per mg of cell protein at degrees c was at ph the CA used was our newly developed CAA analyserbased procedure the activity of methyltetrahydrofolatehomocysteine methyltransferase at ph was and betainehomocysteine methyltransferase bhmt was undetectable nmolh per mg protein cells were also cultured in a medium aimed at stimulating Met biosynthesis containing methioninedeficient dulbeccos modified eagle medium to which lhomocystine mumoll and methylcobalamin mumoll had been added in these cells methyltetrahydrofolatehomocysteine methyltransferase activity increased to p there was a nonsignificant decrease in cystathionine betasynthase activity to and bhmt activity was still undetectable these cells were more resistant to in vitro homocysteineinduced detachmenophage cfugm in the bone marrow and in the peripheral blood was performed in LC patients treated with cisplatincontaining regimens treatment with gcsf following chemotherapy significantly increased the absolute granulocyte count no significant effect of gcsf on either the PLT or the red blood cell count was observed treatment with gcsf did not affect the cfugm levels in the bone marrow but did have a significant effect on IP blood cfugm levels days after initiation of chemotherapy p less than four patients demonstrated a rebound increase in the level of peripheral blood cfugm during the first course of chemotherapy without gcsf in contrast eight patients displayed increase in IP blood cfugm C2 during the second course of chemotherapy with gcsf treatment these findings demonstrate that gcsf is a potent stimulator of granulocyte proliferation as well as a potent agent for promoting transport of hematopoietic progenitors from the bone marrow into the peripheral blood | MEDAL |
the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the efficiency of transvaginal US and sonography plus needle biopsy in detecting pelvic malignant recurrence we scanned patients already treated for gynecological malignancy of whom underwent needle biopsy under US guidance thirteen patients were affected by CC ten by OC and one by endometrialovarian carcinoma sonography detected solid or cysticsolid masses median size mm range mm one case of ascites and one liquid mass hematoma all the patients in whom a suspicious mass was detected had recurrence in the six patients in whom no mass was visible two had recurrence needle biopsy was able to demonstrate recurrence in patients also in two falsenegative scans in one even though US detected a mass the histological sample was negative but recurrence was later diagnosed by laparotomyaccuracy sensitivity and specificity of transvaginal sonography were respectively and the positive prem the water but their effect on membrane fouling is inconsistentin some cases fouling is reduced and in others it is exacerbated this research investigated the SMB of uf systems to which powdered AC pac heated iron oxide particles hiops or nonadsorbent sio particles were added on a mass basis the pac removed the most nom from solution the hiops removed less and the sio removed essentially none however in the case of both pac and sio increasing the dose of solids led to a steady increase in fouling whereas the opposite trend applied when hiops were added in the absence of nom none of the solids fouled the membrane significantly thus even though nom is a causative agent for fouling removing it from solution does not necessarily reduce fouling the mechanism of removal can be just as important as the absolute amount removed if the removal occurs in a cake layer near the membrane surface scanning electron microscopy images of the cake layers formed in the three systems suggest that the nom binds pac or sio particles to one another and to the membrane surface so that the particles become part of the foulant in the system by contrast the nom appears to bind hiops to one another but not to the membrane this process leaves enough pore space in the cake layer for water to reach the membrane with minimal resistance and it reduces the tendency for either the nom or the hiops to foul the membrane surface | MEDAL |
this T0 examined the effect of neonatal administration of capsaicin on nociceptive threshold and the distribution of CGRP-LI cgrp substance p sp and FRAP frap in the DH of the spinal cord during the course of OD days to weeks of age in the rat as early as days of age CGRP-LI was reduced in laminae i ii and v as well as in the bundles of fibers situated dorsal and VP to the central canal however beginning on or about weeks of age the density of CGRP-LI in the SF laminae and in the bundles dorsal and ventral to the central canal increased moreover thick nonvaricose cgrplike immunoreactive SF appeared in laminae iii and iv these recurring fibers were of primary afferent origin as demonstrated by their disappearance after multiple unilateral rhizotomies a similar agedependent alteration in the density of frap activity was also observed although virtually absent at days of age T3 neonatal administration of CAP the density of frap activity increased in lamina ii by weeks of age this activity disappeared T3 multiple unilateral rhizotomies indicating that the frap activity that reappeared was of primary afferent origin neonatal administration of CAP also reduced the density of splike immunoreactivity in the DH as early as days of age although the density of splike immunoreactivity showed some recovery after weeks of age however unlike CGRP-LI or frap activity the density of splike immunoreactivity in capsaicintreated rats was not detectably altered by multiple unilateral rhizotomies indicating that it originated principally from intrinsic DH neurons agedependent alterations in both thermal and mechanical but not chemical nociceptive thresholds were also observed in these same animals thus TF latency hot plate RL and paw withdrawal threshold were maximally increased at weeks of age after which time thresholds declined to vehicletreated values in contrast capsaicintreated animals were uniformly insensitive to ophthalmic administration of CAP the correspondence between developmental alterations in cgrplike immunoreactivity or frap activity and in thermal and mechanical nociceptive thresholds is suggestive of a role of cgrp or frapcontaining primary afferents in thermal and mechanical nociception | MEDAL |
monoclonal antibodies ost and ost mouse immunoglobulin g to human osteogenic sarcoma were isolated from ascitic fluid and labeled with radioiodine after injection into athymic nunu mice with sc xenografts of HOS the uptake of radioactivity in tumors visceral organs and blood was determined five days after i.t. ost and ost showed preferential accumulation in tumors tumorblood ratio furthermore with testicular and bladder tumors both unreactive with ost there was no localization of radiolabeled ost in xenograft growths when ost was labeled with i its accumulation into human osteogenic sarcoma could be clearly visualized by wholebody gammascintigraphy without computerassisted data processing | MEDAL |
polarized light irradiation near the stellate ganglion was performed in a yearold female with raynauds sign she was suffering from cold and numb pain in bilateral fingers for year SG block and low reactivelevel laser therapy near the SG were not sufficient to relieve this symptom polarized light irradiation near the SG induced a sting stimulation and warm sensation in her hands thermograms revealed a remarkable increase in temperature of her hands the results imply that polarized light irradiation near the stellate ganglion increases blood flow of forearms and relieves raynauds sign | MEDAL |
based on the pitfalls of the past the OD of pancreatic resection therapy is outlined starting with the first distal pancreatic resection in performed by trendelenburg giving details of operations from the first decades of this century the whipple T0 is described as the early cornerstone in the history of radical therapy of pancreatic CA summarizing the disappointments of the seventies gives the clue to the present situation with a modified whipple T0 as the standard curative approach to PC today additionally various aspects of palliative therapy for pancreatic carcinoma are discussed | MEDAL |
the calcofluor whitehypersensitive mutants cwh and cwh are severely reduced in beta glucan cwh was equivalent to gas cwh represented a new gene located on the right arm of chromosome xii and predicted to encode a kda protein with multiple transmembrane domains the transcription of cwh was cell cycledependent and similar to gascwh increased in late g indicating that the formation of betaglucan is cell cycleregulated further in some mutant alleles of both gascwh and cwh lethal concentrations of calcofluor induced growth arrest at a specific phase of the cell cycle | MEDAL |
eighteen patients had undergone radical surgery for TC in all of them four parathyroid PG had been verified by frozensection biopsy and removed thereafter two three or four PG wereautotransplanted into muscle tissue at least year T3 the operation the patients underwent a calcium deprivation test before the test they all had NS calcium values without treatment during the test seven patients remained normocalcemic seven became hypocalcemic and four had occasional low SS calcium values after the test all were normocalcemic again patients with only autotransplanted parathyroid PG left after surgery should be tested for latent HP | MEDAL |
the most exciting advances in the TSC tsc field occurred in and with the cloning of the tsc and tsc genes respectively and in with the ID of rheb as the target of tuberins tsc gtpase activating protein gap domain rheb has a dual role it activates mtor and inactivates braf activation of mtor leads to increased protein synthesis through phosphorylation of psk and ebp upon insulin or growth factor stimulation tuberin is phosphorylated by several kinases including aktpkb thereby suppressing its gap activity and activating mtor phosphorylation of hamartin tsc by cdk also negatively regulates the activity of the hamartintuberin complex despite these biochemical advances exactly how mutations in tsc or tsc lead to the clinical manifestations of tsc is far from being understood two of the most unusual phenotypes in tsc are the apparent metastasis of benign cells carrying tsc and tsc mutations resulting in pulmonary lymphangiomyomatosis and the ability of cells with tsc or tsc mutations to differentiate into the separate components of renal angiomyolipomas vessels smooth muscle and fat we will discuss how the tsc signaling pathways are affected by mutations in tsc or tsc focusing on how these mutations may lead to the renal and pulmonary manifestations of tsc | MEDAL |
the concentration of tetracycline in gingival crevice fluid and blood was determined using a CS bioassay after p.o. of repeated doses of tetracycline crevicular fluid was sampled by an intracrevicular technique from four gingival CS in each individual and blood was obtained by finger puncture four volunteers received doses of mg of tetracyclinehcl either every hours or every hours and were sampled at hours to to to and to volunteers given mg every hours had average creviculases must be at least mm in diameter doubling times to be recognized in the case of the fastgrowing choroidal melanomas it can therefore be calculated that the formation of metastases reaches a peak T3 a period of three to four years assuming that diagnosis is made as early as possible in patients followed up for five years we found that the more numerous the number of mitoses in the tissue are the higher the mortality is and the sooner the patients die according to our results the most important clinical parameter in the assessment of choroidal melanoma apart from the size of the tumor is the estimation growthrate as indicated by the number of mitoses | MEDAL |
swedish obese subjects sos is a multidisciplinary project involving aspects of obesity ranging from description of the severely obese state to effects of surgical MI on longterm mortality and morbidity dietary studies which represent an integral part of sos research activities are the focus of this review | MEDAL |
effects of VIP vip on growth hormone gh secretion were investigated both in vivo on freely moving intact or mediobasal hypothalamic lesioned rats and in vitro in incubation or superfusion systems of anterior pituitary tissue in vivo iv i.t. of vip induced a rapid but transient increase in plasma gh levels in all animals and in vitro vip stimulated gh release from incubated or superfused rat pituitaries in a concentration dependent manner this increase was potentiated by forskolin a potent activator of adenylate cyclase these findings indicate that vip exerts a direct stimulating action on somatotrophs and that the effect seems to imply a coupling of vip receptors with camp production | MEDAL |
the role of polyphosphoinositides in cellular signalling is well known and recently it has also been shown that the nucleus is a site for both synthesis and hydrolysis of the phosphorylated forms of phosphatidylinositol it has been demonstrated that phospholipase c TPS for inositol lipids plc is one of the main steps of the inositol lipid cycle the plc beta family and especially type beta has given rise to considerable interest since due to their common coohterminus they show nuclear localisation in addition to that at the plasma membrane it is well established that an autonomous intranuclear inositide cycle exists and that this cycle is endowed with conventional lipid kinases phosphatases and plcs among this latter the beta type undergoes stimulation or inhibition under different stimuli and this implicates the beta isoform as a key enzyme for mitogenactivated cell growth as well as for differentiation indeed both the overexpression and the downregulation of plc beta by means of antisense mrna have demonstrated that plc plays a role in the nuclear compartment | MEDAL |
with cases yearly laryngeal carcinomas account in france for the third of squamous cell cancers of the upper digestive and RT the crude survival rate is at years carcinomas of vocal cords are often diagnosed as early stages if dysphonia leads the patients to the ent specialist within weeks cure of the primary is achieved in of the early stages by radiotherapy with narrow fields or partial surgery with a years survival rate T3 PT are often treated by total laryngectomy and PORT supraglottic cancers epiglottis are more serious unilateral dysphagia or upper cervical neck node often delay early diagnosis a TL is the commonest treatment the years survival rate of is due to local andor regional failures and metachronous cancers in head and neck and radiotherapy remains the two L1 treatments primary prevention is based upon suppression of tobacco and reduction of alcoholic consumption secondary prevention on resection of leucoplakia and close followup of patients with chronic laryngitis | MEDAL |
two of the most interesting questions often asked about aids is why many people do not become immunodeficient or get complicating disease when first INF with human immunodeficiency virus hiv and what are the risk factors making some individuals more susceptible to the disease a C1 majority of people with aids have a well established history of drug and AA both drugs of abuse and alcohol have immunotoxic properties as evidenced by a number of studies these include marked changes in the cellular humoral and other components of the immune defense mechanism such a compromise of the immune system can render it susceptible to the OD of aids after hiv infection this paper reviews the evidence suggesting possible links between SA and its immunotoxicology and their possible roles in the pathogenesis of aids | MEDAL |
areas of persistent demyelination were created in the dorsal columns of the cat spinal cord by injecting ethidium bromide into VWM which had previously been exposed to grays of xirradiation in the centre of such lesions demyelinated axons occurred in a glialfree area while axons next to T/N were separated by astrocyte processes no remyelination occurs in such lesions blakemore autologous SCs and fibroblasts cultured from a IP nerve biopsy were injected into such lesions and the extent of schwann cell remyelination examined only lesions injected with viable cells showed remyelination by schwann cells in no lesion were all the demyelinated axons remyelinated three forms of association of schwann cell with axons were detected in the centre of the lesions schwann cells either remyelinated axons around or near to blood vessels or lay next to demyelinated axons and did not form myelin schwann cell remyelination was also detected in the astrocytecontaining areas around the edges of some lesions it was concluded that the extent of schwann cell remyelination was influenced by the mode of entry of the cells into the lesion and by the architecture of the lesion the presence or absence of stable EM is believed to be the prime factor which influenced schwann cell remyelination the relevance of these observations to artificial repair of the lesions of multiple sclerosis is discussed | MEDAL |
a patient with a short stature gonadal dysgenesis and bilateral gonadoblastoma had cell lines in the blood and in the skin xdic y pter vector q vector pter as a L1 cell line xdely q and x the intensively flourescent distal part of the yq was deleted in both the ydicentric and yqchromosome both parents had normal karyotypes | MEDAL |
owing to its antiinflammatory antipruritic vasoconstrictive and immunemodulating properties clobetasol propionate is used to treat PS this study was conducted to evaluate the tau safety and cosmetic acceptability of CP lotion compared with its vehicle and with clobetasol propionate cream in the treatment of moderate to severe plaquetype PS a total of patients were treated T3 weeks of treatment CP lotion was more efficient than vehicle lotion and of equivalent efficacy as clobetasol propionate cream cosmetic acceptability was significantly better with clobetasol propionate lotion than with CP cream clobetasol propionate lotion was efficient safe and well tolerated and offers a significantly higher cosmetic advantage in the treatment of moderate to severe plaquetype psoriasis compared with CP cream | MEDAL |
familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia fhh is a benign disorder with heterozygous inactivating mutations in the calciumsensing receptor casr gene the present T0 describes the ID and functional analysis of a novel casr gene mutation leading to fhh the proband is a yrold woman ca mgdl intactpth pgml feca leukocyte dna was isolated in four family members and a novel heterozygous mutation dg gatggt in exon of casr gene was identified by direct CS analysis the mutant casr expression vector was constructed by mutagenesis procedure and its response to ca was characterized by transient transfection into human embryonic kidney hek cells and treatment with increasing extracellular ca concentrations hek cells didnt activate intracellular signaling mapk activation in response to increases of extracellular ca concentrations when the mutant receptor was expressed normally at the cell surface the novel heterozygous mutation dg identified in the present T0 showed that the reduction of activity of casr to extracellular ca caused fhh in patients and our T0 demonstrated the importance of asp participated in response to ca in casr | MEDAL |
to assess the means by which peripheral metabolism facilitates the transition to a gluconeogenic state dogs were studied during min of moderate TM exercise metabolism in the working hindlimb was assessed with arteriovenous difference and isotopic techniques n in a separate group n hepatic metabolism was assessed using arteriovenous differences limb gl uptake lgu and oxidation gox rose from and to and mumolmin at min of exercise lgu continued to rise mumolmin at min while gox declined nonoxidative gl metabolism gnox was mumolmin at rest and and mumolmin at and min of exercise limb nonglycemic predominantly glycogen Pyr formation rose from to and mumolmin at and min of exercise the gradual increase in gnox and the high glycogenolytic rate were paralleled by accelerated lactate Pyr and glutamine releases limb glycerol release rose promptly and remained elevated during exercise plasma nonesterified fatty acids nefas rose gradually and paralleled the gradual rise in gnox r the resulting rise in hepatic nefa delivery was highly correlated to hepatic VO2 r HV lactatetopyruvate ratio r and intrahepatic gluconeogenic efficiency r in summary during exercise the primary fate of the added glucose consumed by the working limb is initially oxidation but becomes gnox as exercise duration progresses glycogenolysis rises promptly but attains its highest rate at the end of exercise the late increases in gnox and glycogenolysis relate to an increased gluconeogenic F0 PR from the working limb although lipolysis increases promptly and is sustained circulating nefaof tightly cohesive cells with larger vesicular nuclei another basaloid squamous cell carcinoma had been interpreted elsewhere as an adenoid cystic carcinoma because of the presence of pseudoglandular structures with stromal cores although the cytologic features of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma may mimic those of other poorly differentiated carcinomas in fine needle aspiration specimens they are sufficiently distinctive that a diagnosis of this variant of squamous cell carcinoma can be suggested for a patient whose primary neoplasm is located in the upper aerodigestive tract | MEDAL |
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