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this study was designed to assess whether the original orientation of the elements of cortical diaphyseal bone is reestablished during months of repair full thickness mm drill holes were created surgically through the tibial and femoral cortices of AD rabbits and studied by light and polarizing mof edentulous maxillae that vary in degrees of anatomical and prosthetic difficulty this article addresses the fixed implant rehabilitation of edentulous maxillas with favorable anatomy and favorable arch position favorable anatomy and unfavorable arch position and unfavorable anatomy and favorable arch position
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the authors demonstrated that the most common statistical significance test used with rwgtype interrater PA indexes in applied psychology based on the chisquare distribution is flawed and inaccurate the chisquare test is shown to be extremely conservative even for modest standard significance C2 eg the authors present an alternative statistical significance test based on MC procedures that produces the equivalent of an approximate randomization test fp near the hairless gene were performed linkage analysis using markers ds ds ds and ds revealed significant exclusion of this locus z or lower at theta this demonstrates that this novel ectodermal dysplasia is both phenotypically and genetically distinct from marie unna hereditary hypotrichosis
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in our first attempts of percutaneous double balloon MVP bmv procedures have been successful the mean patients age was years there were men patients had previously been operated patients had important valvular deterioration calcifications thickening or unpliability or of subvalvar system for technical failure bmv was performed with only one balloon in patients bmv resulted in significant improvement in haemodynamic values the mean capillary pressure fell from to mmhg p less than the mean mitral gradient from to mmhg p less than cardiac index remained unchanged the hemodynamic valve area by gorlin formula increased from to cm p less than doppler and echocardiography data were similar to haemodynamic data MVA obtained with bmv was equivalent to the area usually obtained in closed mitral commissurotomy there were tamponades the first in a patient to whom bmv was not successful for the others surgically evacuated intracavitary pressures were measured after surgical pericardial drain bmv was of little tau in one patient who died days thoracotomy the three tamponades were caused by straight tip balloon left IVT perforation there was no tamponade with pigtail tip catheter balloon mitral valve regurgitation was never increased more than interatrial septal defect with qpqs greater than or equal to and less than was present in patients bmv may be a useful alternative to surgery with low incidence of complication MVA increase is similar with both treatment
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volatile organic EDC vocs commonly detected in urban waters across the united states include gasolinerelated compounds eg toluene xylene and chlorinated EDC eg CF tetrachloroethane pce trichloroethene tce statistical analysis of observational data and results of modeling the partitioning of vocs between air and water suggest that urban land surfaces are the primary NPS of most vocs urban air is a AA nonpoint source but could be an important source of the gasoline oxygenate methyltert butyl ether mtbe surface waters in urban Az would most effectively be protected by controlling landsurface sources
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nineteen subjects were investigated as a result of apnoea following the administration of suxamethonium occurring in one member of the family examination of the blood for cholinesterase activity dibucaine number and fluoride number was carried out and the xtracts by passage through membrane filters
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studies of the R2 of the spectral properties linear dichroism polarized fluorescence and the energetic separation of the absorption and emission bands of chlorophyll a in a nematic liquid crystal matrix with respect to the effects of solute concentration and the external electric fields were made a close examination of the above mentioned types of R2 suggest that the pigment molecules can influence a high initial order of the liquid crystal matrix these structural changes of the matrix can be explained by the assumption that two types of chlorophyll with different orientations occur the surface layers with the high degree of orientation and a CE volume of the sample with disordered molecules the ordered molecules are sensitive to an reorientation by the external electric field
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highthroughput screening of dendrimerbinding drugs is essential for the design and optimization of dendrimerbased drug delivery systems in this study pulsed gradient spin echo pgse nmr was used for fast screening dendrimerbinding EDC using common amino acids as a screening pool DWI coefficients of the amino acids before and T3 the addition of polypropylene imine ppi dendrimer were used to rank the binding affinities of the amino acids to the dendrimer among the common amino acids cysteine glutamic acid aspartic acid and tryptophan show strong IB affinity to ppi dendrimer tryptophan forms inclusion complexes with ppi dendrimer through hydrophobic interactions while other amino acids mainly bind with ppi dendrimer via ionic and hydrogenbond interactions the pgse nmrbased screening method provides new insights into highthroughput screening of dendrimerbinding compounds and should facilitate the T0 of dendrimerbased hostguest systems
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there is evidence suggesting that the endogenous rat octapeptide flfqpqrfamide ffa or neuropeptide ff npff has modulatory effects on opioidmediated analgesia in rodents there is also substantial evidence for sex differences in opioid analgesia whereby male rats and mice display greater levels of opioidmediated analgesia than females in the present T0 determinations were made of the effects of npff and igg from AS against npff on morphine and restraint stressinduced opioid analgesia in male and female deer mice intracerebroventricular icv administrations of npff micrograms reduced in a dosedependent manner morphine and stressinduced analgesia in both male and female mice with npff having markedly greater antagonistic effects in the male than female mice additionally icv administrations of npffigg increased the levels of morphine and stressinduced analgesia and significantly reduced basal nociceptive sensitivity in male mice whereas in female mice npffigg had no significant effects on either opioidmediated analgesia or nociceptive sensitivity these results indicate that there are sex differences in the modulatory effects of npff on opioidmediated analgesia
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the tp mutation rh is one of the most common mutations in human CA it is a highly attractive strategy for cancer therapy to find the genes that lead the rhexpressing cancer cells the aim of this T0 was to identify the synthetic sicklethal gene interacting with rh using lentiviral barcoded comprehensive shrna library and a tetracyclineinducible rh expressed in the sf human glioblastoma cell line sftetrh we conducted highthroughput screening to identify the candidate genes that induce synthetic sicknesslethality in rhexpressing cells we identified candidate gene suppressions that may lead to accelerated cell growth inhibition in the presence of rh inhibitor of differentiation id was one of the candidate genes and its suppression by sirna resulted in the acceleration of growth inhibition in cell lines both transiently and endogenously expressing rh but not in tpnull cell lines or other common p mutants such as rh FC analysis showed that id suppression resulted in g arrest and the arrest was accelerated by the expression of rh id is a synthetic sicklethal gene that interacts with rh and is considered to be a novel molecular target for CA therapy in rhexpressing cells
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DD of the right colon is not common especially in western countries it occurs in two different clinical forms known as the usual and hidden variants the diagnosis is not always easy especially in the latter variant because sometimes BE and ct scan are unable to distinguish this form from CA the final diagnosis is only intraoperative in our experience from to we observed cases of complicated rightsided diverticulitis three of these patients had PS mimicking AA such as fever and abdominal pain only of them underwent surgical treatment consisting of a RA standard hemicolectomy the th patient had no inflammatory symptoms but had a PH of rightsided ABD pain and diarrhoea laboratory data showed only hypochromic anaemia barium enema and ct scan highlighted a vegetating mass in the ascending colon causing irregular severe stenosis of the lumen and hyperdensity of mesocolic fatty tissue surgical treatment consisted in a right hemicolectomy macroscopically the mass involved the caecum and ascending colon enlarged lymphnodes were present in the thickness of the mesocolon but not in other districts histological examination revealed diffuse diverticular disease complicated by perforation of many diverticula into the mesocolon
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adenosine aa receptors aar have received increasing attention for the treatment of ldopainduced dyskinesias in parkinson disease in the present study aar messenger rna mrna and receptorspecific IB in the brain of MPTP mptp monkeys were studied T3 treatment with ldopa and a selective nrab nmda receptor antagonist ci four mptp monkeys received ldopabenserazide and all developed dyskinesias whereas among the four mptp monkeys who additionally received ci only one developed mild dyskinesias four normal monkeys and four mptptreated monkeys were also studied all mptp monkeys had similar striatal dopamine da denervation aar mrna C2 measured by in situ hybridization were increased in the rostral lateral caudate and putamen of salinetreated mptp monkeys as well as in the caudal lateral and medial putamen when compared with those of controls aar mrna levels remained elevated in the rostral Cd and putamen of ldopatreated mptp monkeys when compared with those of controls aar mrna levels of ldopa citreated monkeys were at control levels and decreased in the lateral rostral Cd and caudal putamen when compared with those of ldopatreated and salinetreated mptp monkeys respectively no NC was measured in the caudal medial putamen and Cd nucleus aars labeled by ARG with hsch had lower level in the ldopa citreated mptp monkeys compared with saline or ldopatreated mptp and control monkeys in the rostral lateral and medial Cd and the putamen no effect of lesion or ldopa treatment was measured on hschspecific IB these findings suggest that blockade of nmda receptors could prevent the development of dyskinesias by altering aars
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we examined whether nontraumatized subjects with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder adhd have dysfunctional activation in brain structures mediating fear extinction possibly explaining the statistical association between adhd and other disorders characterized by aberrant fear processing such as ptsd medication naïve nontraumatized young adult subjects with n and without n adhd underwent a day fear conditioning and extinction protocol in a t functional magnetic resonance imaging fmri scanner skin conductance response scr was recorded as a measure of conditioned response compared to healthy controls adhd subjects had significantly greater insular cortex activation during early extinction lesser dorsal anterior cingulate SC dacc activation during late extinction lesser ventromedial prefrontal cortex vmpfc activation during late extinction learning and extinction recall and greater HPC activation during extinction recall HPC and vmpfc deficits were similar to those documented in ptsd subjects compared to traumatized controls without ptsd nontraumatized medication naive adults with adhd had abnormalities in fear circuits during extinction learning and extinction recall and some findings were consistent with those previously documented in subjects with ptsd compared to traumatized controls without ptsd these findings could explain the significant association between adhd and ptsd as well as impaired emotion regulation in adhd
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in order to gain insights into the relationship between spatial organization of the genome and genome function we have initiated studies of the colinear sha homologous regions of rice kb and sorghum kb we have identified the locations of matrix att regions mars in these homologous chromosome segments which could serve as anchors for individual structural units or loops despite the fact that the nucleotide sequences serving as mars were not detectably conserved the GA organizational patterns of mars relative to the neighboring genes were preserved all identified genes were placed in individual loops that were of comparable size for homologous genes hence gene composition gene orientation gene order and the placement of genes into structural units has been evolutionarily conserved in this region our analysis demonstrated that the occurrence of various mar motifs is not indicative of mar location however most of the mars discovered in the two genomic regions were found to colocalize with miniature inverted repeat transposable elements mites suggesting that mites preferentially insert near mars andor that they can serve as mars
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neuroblastoma nb is an aggressive pediatric cancer that originates from neural crest tissues of the sympathetic nervous system nb is highly heterogeneous both from a clinical and a molecular perspective clinically this cancer represents a wide range of phenotypes ranging from spontaneous regression of s disease to unremitting treatmentrefractory progression and death of highrisk M1 disease at a cellular level the heterogeneous SMB of nb likely arises from an arrest and deregulation of normal neural crest development in the present review we summarize our current knowledge of neural crest development as it relates to pathways promoting stemness and how deregulation may contribute to the OD of tumorinitiating cscs there is an emerging consensus that such RT subpopulations contribute to the evolution of drug resistance metastasis and relapse in other equally aggressive malignancies as relapsed refractory disease remains the primary cause of death for neuroblastoma the ID and targeting of cscs or other primary drivers of tumor progression remains a critical clinically significant goal for neuroblastoma we will critically review recent and past evidence in the literature supporting the concept of cscs as drivers of neuroblastoma pathogenesis
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a descriptive retrospective review of patients with mycobacterial infection mycobacterium tuberculosis mtb MAC complex mac one m xenopei and one m kansasii diagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacteria ntm was made mainly from blood in with biopsy material initially useful in all mtb were fully CS no patients received mac chemoprophylaxis yet resistance to rifabutin ciprofloxacin and ethambutol was noted it is important to examine the uk experience of mycobacterial infection individual centres may find it useful to review infecting organisms and resistance patterns
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data from the world literature have been analysed in order to test whether low body mass index bmi kgm is a useful indicator of PET impairment of lactation performance fortyone databases containing measurements have been identified as having reliable estimates of breastmilk quantity andor quality there is no detectable relationship between maternal bmi and the volume of milk produced by mothers when analysed according to the mean bmi of different populations or of different subgroups stratified by bmi within populations this conclusion holds even at bmis the most remarkable feature of the data is the very high milk volumes produced by very thin mothers it is accepted that the composition of breast milk is relatively unaffected by general undernutrition of the type that would be indicated by a low bmi with the possible exception of milk fat levels and hence the SE content analysis of the available data reveals studies in which there are weak but significant correlations between maternal bmi and milk fat however other studies show no association or even a negative relationship intercountry analysis fails to reveal any detectable association between bmi and milk SE milk energy levels seem adequate even at bmis it is concluded that human lactation performance is extremely robust and that bmi does not provide a useful indicator of function at the C2 studied so far lactation performance must become compromised when undernutrition is sufficiently severe but it appears that this must occur only in famine or near famine conditions
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the following findings were made from observations of adenovirus av infections in seattle vw families which extended the new york vw studies that infections are predominantly enteric may be abortive or invasive and followed by persistent intermittent excretion was confirmed that such excretion is most characteristic of types and viruses may explain why these types were usually endemic however since observed duration of excretion was not increased despite a longer average observation period persistent excretion appears not to continue indefinitely and generationtogeneration transmission now seems improbable unilike new york alternate cycling of types and viruses was not seen among homotypic susceptibles infection rates for the endemic types were highest in infants greater than for types and decreased with age in older children but increased in parents perhaps because of closer contact with infants development of serum NT antibody was most frequent about after types and infection in all cases titers decayed over time while delayed virus spread related to persistent intermittent excretion did occur spread closely following new or renewed after larger than or equal to months excretion was more important sibling introducers were more ERP spreaders than infants and duration of excretion was more important than mode these data indicate that homotypic immunity is protective against infection a protective effect of heterotypic immunity could not be shown illness chiefly respiratory and often febrile was associated with of infections in susceptibles and with when respiratory shedding occurred the contribution of av to all infectious illness based on viruspositive infections only was in infants and in the year age group for febrile illness the corresponding contributions were about and inclusion of infections discovered only be serology of all infections would greatly increase the contribution of av to illness
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although the combination of corticosteroids and intermittent PP doses of cyclophosphamide has considerably improved the prognosis of LN there are still some unanswered questions about this regimen in particular its use in pregnancy as cyclosporine appeared to be effective in exp models of LN some studies have been performed using this drug in patients with lupus nephritis however there was no mention of pregnancy in these patients in view of the large experience with cyclosporine during pregnancy in renal transplant recipients and its established safety concerning teratogenicity we decided to treat young female patients having lupus nephritis with cyclosporine in combination with lowdose prednisone two of these patients were pregnant and both had successful delivery during the followup period of months there were no signs of flareup of the LN except in one case where the patient accidentally discontinued the medication in a second patient there was a slight increase of the SS creatinine level otherwise the renal and immunological parameters improved or remained SD during re and subjected to analysis for two toluene metabolites hippuric acid and ocresol both by hplc the excretion of hippuric acid a major metabolite was not modified when the concentrations of methyl ethyl ketone or isopropyl alcohol were low ie ppm or below whereas it was reduced when methyl ethyl ketone or IPA concentrations were twice or more times higher than that of toluene there were no changes in any cases in excretion of ocresol a minor metabolite the observation after coexposure to methyl ethyl ketone or isopropyl alcohol at low concentration is in L1 with the negative interaction between toluene and methyl ethyl ketone as well as between toluene and IPA T3 occupational exposures at low concentrations metabolic interaction may take place when the exposure intensity is high as observed in the present T0 and also T3 experimental SE of volunteers to toluene and mxylene or occupational SE to benzene and toluene
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the case of a yearold female with slowly progressive limbkinetic apraxia lka of the right hand over years is reported she did not show any other neurological or NP PS except for a defect in twopoint discrimination and years T3 onset she developed a slight cogwheellike muscle tone in the RA wrist BB mri revealed atrophic changes in the left CE region including the precentral and postcentral gyri and the superior parietal region and among them most strikingly at the postcentral gyrus iimp spect revealed decreased i uptake in the atrophic lesion as revealed by mri we should suspect corticobasal degeneration as the etiology for this patient taking her PS and findings on mri and spect into consideration however her PS and course were quite unique among the case reports of patients with slowly progressive lka as she had only lka and a defect in twopoint discrimination for more than years without any other PS this characteristic also indicated that the simultaneous appearance of lka and a defect in twopoint discrimination may suggest a mechanism of lka in the present patient
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antibodies to the nonesterified pyrrolizidine nucleus retronecine molwt were produced in rabbits and detected using an avidinbiotin antibody elisa a competitive elisa for the detection of retronecine and the cyclic diester monocrotaline was also developed using the AS produced against the hapten conjugate retronecinebovine SS albumin retronecine was obtained by hydrolysis of monocrotaline succinylated and directly coupled to bovine serum Al or ovalbumin antibodies to the pyrrolizidine nucleus retronecine can be detected within min afterholter examinations were performed before aclacinomycin and after days from the beginning of the therapy there were no statistical differences between the results of ucg examination in aclacinomycintreated group before the therapy and the control group a slight NS decrease in left VVI stroke volume and ejection fraction were observed T3 ACM cardiac index decreased T3 the therapy p less than but was of normal value the only true significant p less than decrease was observed in the contractility of cardiac MF but the cardiac failure was not observed no alterations in left ventricular PW and intraventricular SP thickness were found the effusion to pericardium was observed in pts in the initial T0 and in of them also after the therapy the obtained results supported the clinical observations that aclacinomycin a is promising agent for the treatment of anll because of its low cardiotoxicity
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transforming growth factorβ tgfb is a multifunctional cytokine that is abundant in both endometriotic lesions and the peritoneal fluid in women with EM however the role of tgfb in the development of endometriosis is as yet undefined in the present T0 we investigated the physiologic function of tgfb in endometriotic lesion OD using tgfbnull mutant mice on a background of severe combined immunodeficiency xenotransplantation of human eutopic endometrial tissue resulted in OD of endometriosislike lesions in of ovariectomized estrogensupplemented tgfbnull mutant mice and in of wildtype control mice median lesion weight was reduced by fold in tgfbnull mice compared with wildtype control mice and the fraction of glandular epithelium in lesions from tgfbnull mice was reduced by compared with that in control mice in lesions from tgfbnull mice the relative abundance of both macrophages and αsmooth muscle actinpositive myofibroblasts was reduced by and respectively deficiency of tgfb neither altered the percentage of proliferating cells in the epithelial or stromal compartments of the lesions nor affected blood vessel density or vessel size observation of this study indicates that hostderived tgfb deficiency suppresses endometriotic lesion OD and provides proof of principle that targeting tgfb signaling pathways in cells that support the survival of ectopic endometrion together these experiments demonstrate that wntafzd activates distinct pathways at different developmental stages during myogenic lineage progression and identify a noncanonical anabolic signalling pathway for wnta and its receptor fzd in skeletal muscle
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we investigated the interaction between norepinephrine ne and orexinhypocretin hcrt in the control of sleep behavior and narcoleptic PS by creating mice that were deficient in both neurotransmitters mice with a targeted disruption of the dopamine betahydroxylase dbh gene deficient in ne and epinephrine or the hcrt gene were bred to generate doc fibrosis cf is associated with many clinical complications including steatosis for which the relation to defective cf transmembrane conductance CDR is unclear CD results in hepatic steatosis choline is the F0 of betaine which donates methyl groups for remethylation of homocysteine to methionine and dimethylglycine previously we have shown phospholipid malabsorption and increased HC in children with cf in these studies we used normal phase hplc with MS/MS to determine plasma choline betaine and DMG in children with cf n and healthy control children without cf n plasma choline betaine and dimethylglycine were significantly lower in children with cf means sem mumoll respectively than in children without cf mumoll respectively plasma choline r p and betaine r p were positively related to methionine and choline was inversely related to homocysteine r p choline betaine and dimethylglycine were all significantly and positively related to the plasma sadenosylmethioninesadenosylhomocysteine samsah ratio r r r respectively p the plasma cholinebetaine and betainedimethylglycine ratios did not differ between the children with cf and the control children suggesting no increase in betaine synthesis or betainedependent remethylation of homocysteine these studies suggest that choline SD may contribute to increased homocysteine in children with cf choline SD and altered thiol metabolism may contribute to the clinical complications associated with cf
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martian habitats are ideally constructed using only locally available soils extant attempts to process structural materials on mars however generally require additives or calcination in this work we demonstrate that martian soil simulant marsa can be directly compressed at ambient into a strong solid without additives highlighting a possible aspect of complete martian insitu resource utilization flexural strength of the compact is not only determined by the compaction pressure but also significantly influenced by the lateral boundary condition of processing loading the compression loading can be applied either quasistatically or through impact nanoparticulate iron oxide npox commonly detected in marn niosomes could significantly improve the absorption of dtx the pharmacokinetics study suggested the absolute bioavailability of dtxtpgspn niosomes were times that of dtx solution in addition a higher antitumor tau than dtx solution was demonstrated in mcf and mdamb cells in vitro and in mcf TB mice MM in vivo our results demonstrated dtxtpgspn is promising in enhancing the bioavailability and efficiency of poorly watersoluble drug dtx and the potential of proniosomes as SD precursors for oral drug delivery
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the succinate receptor also known as gpr is a g proteincoupled receptor that is closely related to the family of py purinoreceptors it is expressed in a variety of tissues including blood cells adipose tissue the CL retina and kidney in these tissues this receptor and its ligand succinate have recently emerged as novel mediators in local AS situations including ischemia hypoxia toxicity and hyperglycemia amongst others the succinate receptor is involved in recruitment of immune cells to Tx tissues moreover it was shown to play a key role in the OD of diabetic retinopathy however most prominently the role of locally increased succinate levels and succinate receptor activation in the kidney stimulating the systemic and local reninangiotensin system starts to unfold the succinate receptor is a key mediator in the development of hypertension and possibly fibrosis in diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome this makes the succinate receptor a promising drug target to counteract or prevent cardiovascular and fibrotic defects in these expanding disorders recent OD of sucnrspecific antagonists opens novel possibilities for research in models for these disorders and may eventually provide novel opportunities for the treatment of patients
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direct membrane filtration is often used to concentrate viruses in water but it may suffer from severe membrane fouling and clogging here a lanthanumbased flocculation method coupled with modified MF procedures was developed and evaluated to detect viruses in C1 volume l water samples the lanthanumbased flocculation method could easily reduce the water sample volume by a factor of additional volume reduction was achieved by a twostep MF approach first selected membrane filters including mds electropositive filters and nitrocellulose electronegative filtersmillipore hatf filters were used to reduce water sample volume further and compare their efficiencies in virus recovery the mg²âºmodified hatf membrane performed better on ms retention with an average virus recovery of ± sigma after hatf MF and elution centrifugal UF through a kda cutoff membrane resulted in an overall concentration factor of results from the infectivity assay showed that the ms recovery efficiencies from the nanoceram and mdsbased direct filtration and the lanthanumbased concentration coupled with the modified filtration procedure were ± ± and ± respectively results from the pcr analysis showed that the virus recoveries of the lanthanumbased method were ± and ± for ms and adenovirus respectively while no adenovirus could be dis continued for up to weeks after the induction of diabetes in conclusion cardiac dysfunction is associated with cardiac inflammation and adverse remodeling in exp diabetic cardiomyopathy our results suggest that the MM of stzinduced diabetic cardiomyopathy is a robust MM for investigating cardiac immune response and lv CR processes under diabetic conditions
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FP is a rare cause of peritonitis but it is associated to poorer prognosis and higher mortality than bacterial peritonitis until now predisposing AF and treatment have not been well established we retrospectively reviewed all the cases of FP diagnosed for ten years in patients undergoing CAPD in all we detected episodes of FP in patients that means the of CAPD peritonitis all the cases of FP were caused by candida species as a result of FP of the patients died had to change to LT hemodialysis because of failure in PD technique only one case managed to continue PD the AF associated with the development of fungal peritonitis were the presence of antibiotic use within month before fungal peritonitis patient older than years old low C2 in albumine plasmatic and long permanence in CAPD the treatment consisted in intraperitoneal fluconazol combined with oral flucytosine for to weeks in the two last cases we associated intravenous caspofungine too given that no improvement was seen within hours of treatment the catheter must be removed in all the cases
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in this T0 two patterns of regional contract on of the LV have been studied endocardial motion and wall thickening in order to check which of these was the most affected T3 myocardial infarction the clinical relevance of this comparison was to assess which parameter of the regional contraction abnormality would best depict the severity of the infarction long axis cinemagnetic resonance slices were used to assess segmental systolic left ventricular endocardial motion and segmental systolic wall thickening in normal subjects and in patients at the chronic stage of an anterior myocardial infarction in the group of normal subjects Endo motion and wall thickening showed significant regional heterogeneity overall endocardial motion was greater than overall wall thickening mm vs mm p x mm vs mm p x T3 infarction a significant linear rho was found between these two parameters in the infarction group abnormality scores for endocardial motion and for wall thickening were calculated these scores were defined as the average values exceeding the mean minus two standard deviations of the normal range for segments corresponding to the anteroseptalapical walls the abnormality score for endocardial motion greater than the abnormality score for wall thickening vs p x we conclude that in clinical practice Endo motion is affected to a greater degree by myocardial infarction than is wall thickening and therefore constitutes a more discriminant index in the assessment of postinfarction patients
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ruptures of the subscapularis tendon isolated or combined are rare and the treatment modalities are controversial of patients who underwent rotator cuff repair in a year period had either an isolated rupture of the subscapularis or a subscapularis rupture combined with rupture of the SS all reconstructions were performed through a deltopectoral approach reinsertion of the subscapularis was combined with reconstruction of the supraspinatus in patients of the patients were reexamined at a mean followup of months the modified constant score improved from preoperatively to at followup isolated or combined reconstructions did not result in significant differences with respect to the constant score of the patients were satisfied with the operation rerupture was found by ultrasound in subscapularis tendons and SS tendons the rerupture rate showed a significant correlation with the goutallier stage of fatty degeneration and the interval between injury and operation
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the state of MH services is like a barometer of how well our public health system is working overall changes to patient care and staff safety have necessarily been on the reform agenda for MH in recent years as details of mishandled cases come tphelligridimer a davallialactone methyldavallialactone hypholomine b interfungins a and inoscavin a together with protocatechuic acid protocatechualdehyde caffeic acid and ellagic acid their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses among them davallialactone hypholomine b and ellagic acid exhibited potent rat lens aldose reductase and human recombinant aldose reductase inhibitory activity with ic values of microm and microm respectively
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the nterminal cytoplasmic domain of the nacoupled hco cotransporter nbcea ntnbce has been linked with PT renal tubular acidosis in a previous purification T0 of recombinant ntnbce crystal growth at a suboptimal protein concentration mg ml yielded small single diamondshaped crystals that diffracted poorly in the present T0 by increasing the protein concentration fold the crystal size was doubled and robustness was also improved crystal annealing made the crystals suitable for xray diffraction the crystals either belong to space group p or p with pseudo p symmetry with unitcell parameters a b c a alpha beta gamma degrees and diffract xrays to a resolution the calculated matthews number is a da with two monomers of molecular weight approximately kda in the asymmetric unit the MR packing solution shows that the molecules form dimers by a domainswapping mechanism
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the ACR acr criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis ra were clinically assessed these criteria do not include findings of synovial fluid sf analysis and require no exclusion criteria we have studied sequential patients with arthritis seen in four rheumatology centers in the philadelphia area classifications by the acr criteria were compared with our clinical diagnoses two hundred ninety eight patients were evaluated with ra and with other diagnoses classifications as ra by the acr criteria corresponded to our clinical diagnosis in of the cases corroborating the high sensitivity previously reported however we found a lower specificity than that reported false positive classifications as ra were found in of patients with psoriatic arthritis of patients with sle and of patients with gout the specificity could be improved to by excluding disorders with obvious distinguishing extraarticular features such as psoriasis or by sf findings of monosodium urate crystals awareness of these possible sources of confusion will further increase the teaching and epidemiologic value of these useful simplified criteria
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the ability to target photochemical adducts to TPS genomic dna sequences in cells is useful for studying dna repair and mutagenesis in IN cells and also as a potential mode of genespecific therapy triple helixforming dna oligonucleotides linked to psoralen psotfos were designed to deliver uvainduced psoralen photoadducts to two distinct sequences within the human interstitial MMP-8 gene a primer extension assay demonstrated that the AGA psotfo selectively damages a collagenase cdna target sitespecific genomic psotfo dna adducts were detected by a singlestrand ligation pcr CA the adduct formed at a single site by a psotfo in purified genomic dna contrasted with the multiple sites that were damaged within the observed segment of the collagenase gene upon treatment with free psoralen and subsequent photoactivation when treated with psotfos both repairdeficient fibroblasts from xero derma pigmentosum complementation group a and ht fibrosarcoma cells exhibited sitespecific dna adducts following uva irradiation addition of phorbol ester a transcriptional activator of the MMP-8 gene to xeroderma pigmentosum cells did not detectably alter the initial C2 of damage produced by psotfos suggesting that further stimulation of transcription neither improves accessibility of psotfos to their targets nor enhances removal of noncovalently bound psotfos
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seven members of two generations experienced benign familial neonatal convulsions bfnc in the neonatal period andor early infancy all but family member had a good prognosis one family member with infantile spasms is was delivered by cesarean section at weeks gestation birth weight g was slightly lower than that of other family members at age days adversive seizures started at age month days she developed complex partial seizures cps and is interictal eeg showed hypsarrhythmia PSA investigations and head magnetic resonance imaging mri scan showed no abnormalities treatment with valproate vpa and carbamazepine cbz stopped the seizures and she had no seizures T3 age months psychomotor OD was moderately delayed at months this is the first reported case of a severe epilepsy is in association with bfnc
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in patients with potentially resectable EC ec the value of endoscopic ultrasonography eus T3 fluorine labeled fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography
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the effect of phagocytosis on the ho production and myeloperoxidase mpo MICs of leukocytes from various species was investigated the intracellular distribution of mpo reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate nadph oxidase glucosephosphate dehydrogenase and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase pgdh of resting and phagocytizing guinea pig polymorphonuclear leukocytes has also been studied phagocytizing cells produce more ho than the corresponding resting cells this has been found to be true for human peripheral polymorphonuclear WBCs mouse peritoneal macrophage and guinea pig and rat peritoneal polymorphonuclear WBCs all of these cells except rabbit AM macrophages have significant mpo activity generally an increased activity is noted with phagocytizing cells homogenization and differential centrifugation of guinea pig peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes indicate that the whole homogenate and its fractions from phagocytizing cells have significantly higher mpo and nadph oxidase MICs when compared to the corresponding fractions from the resting cells the x g supernatant fluid from phagocytizing cells has fold more mpo and fold more nadph oxidase activity than similar supernatant fractions from resting cells the enzyme pgdh was unaffected by phagocytosis the relationship of these stimulated activities to the intracellular bactericidal CF of the phagocytes has been discussed
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dna structural changes responsible for hereditary angioedema were sought in the cinhibitor gene which contains unusually dense clusters of alu repeats in various orientations among patients belonging to unrelated families eight partial cinhibitor gene deletions and a partial duplication were found four deletions had one of the boundaries within the gene and the other in extragenic regionsin three cases of the gene and in one case of the gene the boundaries of the partial duplication and of the remaining four deletions mapped instead within a few kilobases of exon the same elementalu the first of three tandem alu repeats preceding exon contained one of the breakpoints of each of these five rearrangements moreover these recombination breakpoints spread over the entire length of alu in contrast with the tight clustering observed near the end of alu sequences rearranged in other human genes thus two uncommon recombinational biases are observed in the alu rearrangements of HAE patients one promotes the occurrence of intragenic breakpoints in a single alu repeat and the other allows the breaks to be distributed over the entire alu structure rather than within the hot spot of the left alu monomer a region of potential zdna structure located kb UP of alu may contribute to both peculiarities
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the present T0 was designed to determine the effects of physiological increments of plasma gl C2 upon basal and stimulated plasma somatostatin and PP C2 in seven conscious dogs the elevation of PG levels by mgdl did not change basal somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide levels during stimulation of these two hormones by acetylcholine and the octapeptide of cholecystokinin intravenous infusion of glucose elicited a significant decrease of somatostatin C2 by pgml and of pancreatic polypeptide levels by pgml the present data demonstrate that a physiological elevation of PG levels inhibits stimulated but not basal somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide levels which may be of importance for nutrient entry and metabolism
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exerciseinduced asthma eia can be easily overlooked and underdiagnosed especially in school children or recreational athletes it affects individuals of all C2 of activity from recreational sports to competition this article summarizes the results of the olympic exercise asthma summit conference organized by the sports medicine division of the us olympic EC making the correct diagnosis of eia is very important and usually requires some form of pulmonary function testing because ERP pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatment is available for this condition patients should be followed until the condition is controlled
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complement component c concentrations were measured in pure bred HH cattle and cattle from a mixed breed herd significant differences were not observed between the two groups studied nor between bulls and cows however the CSD of c concentrations was relatively disperse and appeared polymodal suggesting the presence of two isotypes of c polyacrylamide gel PACE of immunoprecipitated bovine c showed many samples to have two c alpha chains differing in M(r) by about isoelectric focusing of bovine plasma in agarose gels followed by immunofixation with TPS antic antisera revealed two populations of native c differing in pi by about ph unit an association between the type of c alpha chain present and the pi of the native c molecule was observed collectively these findings indicate the presence of two structural c genetic loci in cattle
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the aim of this T0 was to assess the effectiveness of sperm selection by single SL centrifugation slc on canine sperm quality when slc was performed before or after the cooling process or when double slc before and after cooling was performed twenty ejaculates from four dogs were divided into four aliquots as follows unselected no slc was performed slc prior to cooling slcpc sperm selection was carried out before cooling slc T3 cooling slcac sperm selection was performed after cooling and double slc sperm selection was carried out before and T3 cooling sperm motility by computerassisted semen analysis morphology diffquick staining sperm membrane integrity vitaltest kit and acrosome integrity double fluorescent stain were assessed in rewarmed semen samples four sperm subpopulations sp were detected using a pattern analysis technique sp highly AS nonprogressive sp low velocity highly progressive sp less vigorous poorly progressive sp highly progressive motility a higher proportion of sperm were classified as sp in slcac samples most of the sperm parameters assessed showed higher values in the slcac group we conclude that slcac is the best protocol to improve sperm SQ in chilled canine semen in comparison to the other procedures tested
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the quantitative changes of histones and their fractions and of NHP in nuclei of cerebral cells have been studied in normal animals and following removal of the right superior cervical ganglion on the next day T3 sympathectomy the total amount of histones was shown to increase by in nuclei of cells of the right hemisphere while in nuclei of cells of the left hemisphere an increase of was observed days after sympathectomy histone fractions rich in lysine were also found to increase the amount of NHP begins to decrease on the next day T3 sympathectomy and reaches of control values by the third day
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the strongest association between fmr and the ovary in humans is the increased risk of POF pof in women who carry the premutation level of cgg repeats cggs research on the fmr gene has D2 to other endpoints of relevance in the obgyn setting for women including infertility and ovarian hormones T3 reviewing the nomenclature changes that have occurred in recent years this article reviews the evidence linking the length of the fmr repeat length to fertility and ovarian hormones follicle stimulating hormone and AMH as the primary methods to assess ovarian reserve in clinical settings the literature is inconsistent on the association between the fmr trinucleotide repeat length and infertility elevated C2 of follicle stimulating hormone have been found in women who carry the premutation however the literature on the relationship between antimullerian hormone and the cgg repeat length are too disparate in design to make a summary statement this article considers the implications of two transgenic mouse models fxpm r and yacr for theories on pathogenesis related to ovarian endpoints given the current screeningtesting recommendations for reproductive age females and the R2 of screening protocols in clinics future research is recommended on pretest and posttest genetic counseling needs future research is also needed on ovarian health measurements across a range of cgg repeat lengths in order to interpret fmr test results in reproductive age women the inconsistencies in the literature make it quite challenging to advise women on their risks related to fmr repeat length
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this document presents a professional view of evidencebased recommendations around the issues of antiplatelet and anticoagulation management in CS it was prepared by the audit and guidelines EC of the european association for cardiothoracic surgery eacts we review the following topics evidence for aspirin clopidogrel and warfarin cessation prior to CS perioperative interventions to reduce bleeding including the use of aprotinin and tranexamic acid the use of thromboelastography to guide blood product usage protamine reversal of heparin the use of factor viia to control severe bleeding anticoagulation after mechanical tissue valve replacement and MVR the use of antiplatelets and clopidogrel after CS to improve VG patency and reduce thromboembolic complications and thromboprophylaxis in the postoperative period this guideline is subject to continuous informal review and when new evidence becomes available the formal review date will be at years from publication september
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the development of a high performance protein probe for the measurement of membrane potential will allow elucidation of spatiotemporal regulation of electrical signals within a network of excitable cells engineering such a probe requires a functional screen of many candidates although the glassmicroelectrode technique generally provides an accurate measure of a given test probe throughputs are limited in this study we focused on an RPA that uses the membrane potential changes induced by an external electric field in a geometrically simple mammalian cell for quantitative evaluation of membrane voltage probes that rely on the structural transition of the ss voltage sensor domain and hence have nonlinear Vc dependencies it was crucial to introduce exogenous inwardly rectifying potassium conductance to reduce celltocell R2 in resting membrane potentials importantly the addition of the exogenous conductance drastically altered the profile of the fieldinduced potential following a sitedirected random mutagenesis and the rapid screen we identified a mutant of a voltage probe mermaid exhibiting positively shifted Vc sensitivity due to its simplicity the current RPA will be applicable under a microfluidic configuration to carry out an efficient screen additionally we demonstrate another interesting aspect of the fieldinduced optical signals ability to visualize electrical couplings between cells
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recurrent thromboembolic episodes and pregnancy loss thrombocytopenia and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies first described in by hughes and defined by harris in are characteristic of the primary antiphospholipid syndrome aps aps is the cause of obstetrical problems in the form of recurrent miscarriages IUFD or growth retardation and eph gestosis clinical PS described above are probably mediated by antiphospholipid antibodies which interact with endothelial and trophoblastic cells blood platelets embryonic tissue cells as well as with coagulation factors and proteins involved in the coagulation cascade or in antibody IB management of aps includes antiaggregation anticoagulation immunosuppression and intravenous administration of gamma globulins successful treatment is not always the case and search for more efficient therapies continues the importance of animal experiments led to the design at the department of pathology of pregnancy and labour of an aps model in pregnant and nonpregnant rabbits as turowski et al have confirmed the immunomodulating action of tfx in rabbits it seemed justified to examine the properties of this preparation in pregnant rabbits with experimentally induced aps the material consisted of pregnant new zealand rabbits divided into the following CG i Pr rabbits and fetuses treated intradermally twice weekly since the th day of pregnancy with CL together with adjuvant ik Pr rabbits and fetuses treated with cardiolipin and adjuvant in the same manner as group i and additionally with IM i.v. of nacl on the th st and nd day it Pr rabbits and fetuses treated with cardiolipin with adjuvant in the same manner as group i and additionally with IM injections of mgday of tfx jelfa poland on the th st and nd day of pregnancy k Pr rabbits and fetuses treated with injections of nacl twice weekly blood samples for laboratory analysis were collected by cardiac puncture before immunization sample i and on the day of caesarean section sample ii PLT counts and aptt tests were done numbers of live and dead newborns resorbed fetuses body mass newborn viability and survival rates were recorded tfx po to pregnant rabbits with experimentally induced antiphospholipid syndrome increased the number of live newborns reduced the incidence of fetal resorption increased the viability and survival rate of newborn rabbits the beneficial effect of tfx on aptt and platelet count was revealed such that these parameters remained within the normal range despite immunization morphological changes observed in the placenta were not specific
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social workers awareness of and formal involvement in familycentered EI for infants and toddlers who are at risk of or who have DD has increased considerably during the past years the functional role that social workers can play on early intervention teams and as coordinators of early MI services is underscored by the formal recognition of the discipline in the individuals with disabilities education act despite the relevance of social work to early MI personnel often enter EI practice without the benefit of formal preparation related to very young children with DD this article provides an overview of the definition and ID of developmental disabilities and discusses the role of and challenges to social work in EI
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the micronucleus test was used to study the mutagenic effects of ethyl acrylate and MA investigated compounds were administered to balb c male mice by ip injection in two doses separated by a period of h EA at doses of mgkg and methyl acrylate at doses of mgkg significantly induce chromosome damage resulting in micronuclei formation in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes both investigated compounds significantly decrease the ratio of polychromatic to normochromatic erythrocytes positive results provide evidence of clastogenic activity of ethyl acrylate and methyl acrylate
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the effects of exerciseinduced muscle damage eimd on the physiological metabolic and perceptual responses during upper body arm cranking exercise are unknown nine physically active male participants performed min of arm cranking exercise at VE threshold vt followed by a Tlim tte trial at a workload corresponding to of the difference between vt and formula see text h after bench pressing exercise à repetitions at one repetition maximum or min sitting control reductions in isokinetic strength and increased muscle soreness of the elbow flexors and extensors were evident at and h after bench pressing exercise p despite no NC in formula see text formula see text hr and blood lactate concentration bla between conditions p rating of RPE rpe was higher during the min arm cranking after bench pressing exercise compared to the control condition p tte was reduced in the treatment condition ± cf ± s p as were end formula see text p and bla at and min T3 exercise p rpe during the tte trial was higher after bench pressing p although end rpe was not different between conditions p this T0 provides evidence that eimd caused by bench pressing exercise increases the sense of effort during arm cranking exercise that leads to a reduced ET the findings have implications for individuals participating in concurrent endurance and resistance training of the UB
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the physiological condition of the live animal was found to significantly affect colour lipid oxidation and water holding capacity of chill stored pork chops m longissimus dorsi in a study where various preslaughter conditions were achieved by the following four treatments a control b subjected to TM exercise immediately prior to stunning c given epinephrine injection h prior to slaughter and d given EN i.t. h before slaughter and further subjected to TM exercise immediately before stunning the treatments resulted in variations in energy metabolites glycogen lactate creatine phosphate atp and ultimate ph phu with the lowest phu in chops from treatments a and b and in significantly different tristimulus colour lâ aâ and bâparameters although the effect of treatment on colour was not consistent during the chill storage period of days overall chops from treatments a and b had significantly higher lâ and bâvalues were paler and less blue than chops from c and d during storage under conditions typical for retail trade the initial aâvalues were higher redder in chops from treatments a and b but the colour as judged by the aâvalues was less SD in meat from these treatments compared with treatments c and d lipid oxidation evaluated by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances tbars in the fresh meat and drip loss measured T3 days of storage were both significantly higher in chops from treatments a and b compared to chops obtained from treatments c and d statistical analysis relating the ph and the level of various SE metabolites postmortem in the individual animals to the measured SQ parameters revealed that phu was the most important factor affecting product SQ in conclusion over all product quality depends on obtaining a phu in the narrow range where both meat SQ parameters such as colour lipid oxidation and drip loss as well as microbiological aspects have to be considered
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microscopic observation and settling test were carried out to investigate the structure density and settlability of anammox granules taken from a highrate UASB uasb reactor the results showed that the anammox LG were irregular in shape and uneven on surface and their structure included granule S1 microbial cell cluster and single cell the gas pockets were often observed in the anammox granules and they originated from the one of gas tunnel by extracellular CP substances epss and the inflation of produced dinitrogen gas the volume of gas pockets became larger with the increasing diameter of anammox LG which led to the decreasing density and the floatation of anammox granules the diameter of anammox granules should be controlled at less than mm to avoid the granule floatation a hypothesized mechanism for the granulation and floatation of anammox biomass was proposed
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t cells expressing the gamma delta heterodimer of the Ti tcr were studied with respect to their occurrence and expression of gamma delta tcr VL region v genes in the normal gastrointestinal mucosa and in a variety of inflammatory conditions in controls gamma delta tcr cells were a minority population confined to the epithelial compartment of stomach SB and colonic mucosae unlike in the periphery gastrointestinal gamma delta tcr IEL lymphocytes iel were mainly v delta few were v delta or v gamma all gamma delta tcr iel were cdlow nearly half were cd and the remainder were cdcd double negatives there was no significant change from normal in percentages of gamma delta tcr iel in h pyloriassociated gastritis crohns disease and ulcerative colitis however in coeliac disease gamma delta tcr iel were elevated from in controls to in UT patients p less than and in treated patients p less than and more were cdcd otherwise gamma delta tcr iel phenotypes were little changed the majority remained v delta v delta v gamma and all were cdlow these data suggest that increased gamma delta tcr iel are not a generalized response to intestinal inflammation or to stress proteins although the typical v delta v delta v gamma cdlow phenotype is retained
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prevention of epileptogenesis in patients with acute BB damaging insults like status epilepticus se is a major challenge we investigated whether lamotrigine ltg treatment started during se is antiepileptogenic or diseasemodifying to mimic a clinical T0 design ltg treatment mgkg was started h T3 the beginning of electrically induced se in rats and continued for weeks mgkg per day for weeks followed by mgkg per day for weeks one group of rats n was treated with vehicle nine nonstimulated rats with vehicle treatment served as controls outcome measures were occurrence of epilepsy severity of epilepsy and histology neuronal loss mossy fiber sprouting clinical occurrence of seizures was assessed with week continuous EEG monitoring during the th ie during treatment and th week ie after drug washout after se ltg reduced the number of electrographic seizures during se to of that in the vehicle group p in the vehicle group and in the ltg group of the animals developed epilepsy in both CG of the rats had severe epilepsy seizure frequency per day the mean frequency of spontaneous seizures seizure duration or behavioral severity of seizures did not differ between groups the severity of HPC neuronal damage and density of mossy fiber sprouting were similar in ltgtreated rats with severe epilepsy however the duration of seizures was shorter versus s p and the behavioral seizure score was milder versus p during ltg treatment than T3 drug washout ltg treatment startedll CC scca and age matched healthy controls n were recruited the p codon polymorphism proline and Arg S2 was studied by the polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism there was no significant difference in the S2 and the genotype distribution between the scca and the control CG p significant difference was observed in the number of sexual partners p age at the first sexual intercourse p and number of parities p T3 adjusted by age and p genotype significant difference was still observed in the number of sexual partners p the partners smoking increased the risk to develop scca increased odds ratios were observed when the partner had smoking PH both at present p and in the past p the p polymorphism itself may not be a risk factor for CC in northeastern thailand much attention should be paid to the presence of other risk factors such as sexual behaviors and smoking habits in the prevention of C2 cancer in this region
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while the pubic symphysis and intracortical morphometry have provided successful results in estimating age at death other methods and CS in the skeleton are plasma lysosomal hydrolases betagalactosidase betaglucuronidase and betanacetylglucosaminidase were studied in workers exposed to metallic mercury vapor in a chlorine alkali plant and in nonexposed referents the urinary excretion and blood C2 of mercury were determined on the day of study and the PH of mercury SE was reviewed from the records of mercury concentrations in urine and blood over periods of up to months the average C2 of betanacetylglucosaminidase and betaglucuronidase were higher in the plasma of exposed workers but the difference was not significant no significant positive rho was seen between lyosomal enzyme MICs and cumulative LT exposure to mercury it is concluded that measurement of plasma lysosomal hydrolaseactivities is not of great value in the BM of workers exposed to low concentrations of metallic mercury vapor in L1 with published data the concentration of mercury showed a clearcut diurnal R2 in nonexposed persons persons currently exposed and persons with a history of past SE the excretion rate of mercury remained constant throughout the day
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a crippling dwarfism was first described in the miniature poodle in GB in here we resolve the genetic basis of this recessively inherited disorder a casecontrol analysis of genotype data from k snps revealed a single associated locus on cfa praw all affected dogs were homozygous for an ancestral haplotype consistent with a founder effect and an identicalbydescent mutation systematic failure of nine nearly contiguous snps was observed solely in affected dogs suggesting a deletion was the causal mutation a kb deletion was confirmed both by fluorescence in situ hybridization fish analysis and by cloning the PCS breakpoints the mutation was perfectly associated in all cases and obligate heterozygotes the deletion ablated all but the first exon of slca a sodiumsulfate symporter responsible for regulating SS levels of inorganic sulfate our results corroborate earlier findings from an slca mouse knockout which resulted in hyposulfatemia and syndromic defects interestingly the metabolic disorder in miniature poodles appears to share more clinical signs with a spectrum of human disorders caused by slca than with the mouse slca model slca is the primary sodiumindependent sulfate transporter in cartilage and bone and is important for the sulfation of proteoglycans such as aggregan we propose that disruption of slca in the dog similarly causes undersulfation of proteoglycans in the EM ecm which impacts the conversion of cartilage to bone a codominant dna test of the deletion was developed to enable breeders to avoid producing affected dogs and to selectively eliminate the mutation from the gene pool
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a yearold boy presented with a history of intracranial hypertension radiologic studies revealed triventricular hydrocephalus secondary to a spaceoccupying lesion in the pineal region endoscopic third ventriculostomy was performed to treat hydrocephalus and the lesion was biopsied complete resection of the tumor was subsequently performed T3 a period of uncertainty the diagnosis of PTC RT of the pineal region was established RT bed radiotherapy at a dose of gy was associated with a followup of months the postoperative course was satisfactory with return to school and no residual tumor on magnetic resonance imaging
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the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe is an important model organism for the study of eukaryotic molecular and cellular biology studies of s pombe together with studies of its distant cousin saccharomyces cerevisiae have led to the discovery of genes involved in fundamental mechanisms of transcription translation dna replication cell cycle control and signal transduction to name but a few processes however since the divergence of the two species approximately million years ago s pombe appears to have evolved less rapidly than s cerevisiae so that it retains more characteristics of the common ancient yeast ancestor causing it to share more features with metazoan cells this primer introduces s pombe by describing the yeast itself providing a brief description of the origins of fission yeast research and illustrating some genetic and bioinformatics tools used to T0 protein function in fission yeast in addition a section on some key differences between s pombe and s cerevisiae is included for readers with some familiarity with budding yeast research but who may have an interest in developing research projects using s pombe
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in mitral valves from women and men mean age years age range to years were replaced or repaired at the mayo clinic functionally of the valves were purely regurgitant mr were stenotic and regurgitant msmr and were purely stenotic ms postinflammatory presumably rheumatic disease accounted for of ms cases of msmr cases and of mr cases other causes of pure mr included floppy valves ischemic HR disease infective endocarditis miscellaneous and ind thus postinflammatory disease represented the L1 cause of both mitral stenosis ms and msmr and overall mitral valve disease in our surgical population in contrast floppy valves were the most commonly observed cause of pure mr among postinflammatory valves were CR excised and had only the anterior leaflet removed all were replaced in contrast floppy valves were incompletely excised in were repaired and only were replaced because mitral valves frequently are incompletely excised rendering an accurate etiologic diagnosis requires not only a morphologic assessment of resected tissues but also a knowledge of the clinical PH operative details and PET state of the valve
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low triiodothyronine t syndrome is a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with stroke poststroke cognitive impairment psci is a common and important complication after stroke the association between low t syndrome and psci is unclear we aimed to explore the potential relationship between low t syndrome and psci in the acute phase of ischemic stroke at a month followup visit
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CYP2D6 cypd is involved in the metabolism of many therapeutic drugs even though the enzyme represents a small proportion of the total cyp content of human liver in vivo phenotyping with probe drug substrates such as DBQ and dextromethorphan showed a clear separation between poor metabolizers pm and extensive metabolizers em this polymorphism may affect susceptibility to environmental disease as suggested by molecular epidemiologic studies that found an association between cypd metabolizer phenotype and CA risk however this association is not consistent there are only a few examples of cypd involvement in toxicant mechanism of action but this has not been extensively studied gene probe studies documented a number of genetic polymorphisms that underlie cypd metabolizer phenotypes the em group carries the wildtype or AS variant alleles while the pm group carries the or alleles all of which code for a protein that has lower or null cypd activity the current analysis characterizes a influence of TT on phenotype based upon in vivo metabolism studies of probe drugs and b frequency of the major genotypes in different population CG is also characterized these data were then incorporated into MC modeling to simulate population distributions of cypd activity this analysis reproduced the bimodal distributions commonly seen in phenotyping studies of caucasians and found extensive population R2 in enzyme activity as indicated by the to fold difference between the pm modal median and the total population median cypd activity this substantial degree of interindividual R2 in cyp function indicates that assessments involving cypd substrates need to consider the full distribution of enzyme activity in refining estimates of internal dose in health assessments of xenobiotics
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individuals with cystic fibrosis cf face the challenges of managing a chronic progressive disease while palliative care is a standard of care in serious illnesses there are no guidelines for its incorporation into cf care patients with cf caregivers and cf care providers may lack knowledge about palliative care and perceive barriers to integrated care
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four cases of TA in which SVR arterypulmonary i.a. communication is demonstrated on thoracic aortography are presented pulmonary arterial involvement in TA seems to be more frequent than generally appreciated in the present series demonstration of the communication in the absence of evidence of other causes of a shunt is strongly suggestive of pulmonary artery involvement it is not necessary to perform PA to confirm the involvement unless clinically indicated it is also stressed that the presence of pulmonary artery involvement is useful to differentiate takayasys arteritis from arteriosclerosis
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macrophage inflammatory protein mip is a cxc chemokine that possesses chemotactic activity for neutrophils rat mip was cloned and expressed as a kda peptide that exhibited dosedependent neutrophil chemotactic activity at concentrations from to nm rb polyclonal ab to the kda peptide showed reactivity by western blot analysis and suppressed its in vitro chemotactic activity crossdesensitization CTX radiated using photon beams with ERP energies in the range from to mev and electron beams with mean energies in the range from to mev the photon and electron data were normalized to a dose to bone of gy and the results are reported as response relative to the esr signal for photon irradiation at mev co the photon irradiation results show that the esr response is greatest at low energies with a relative value of at mev the relative response decreases as the SE increases to approximately in the region of to mev these variations in the relative esr responses are significantly less than the esr energydependent responses reported in the literature for human tooth enamel and synthetic hydroxyapatite an explanation for this difference is offered for EB irradiations the esr signal is fairly constant with energy and approximately equal to that at a photon energy of mev implications of these results are discussed
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we report the case of an occasional intravenous drug user who developed two successive hepatitis c virus hcv infections the first infection led to SC antihcv antibodies detected and the detection of hcv rna in serum after a spontaneous recovery normalization of alanine aminotransferase C2 and hcv rna clearance a second hcv infection was observed with the recurrence of hcv viremia antibody directed against hcv serotype was detected throughout the followup monitoring but two different hcv strains were identified during the two infectious episodes TT a for the first and genotype a for the second this observation shows that primary hcv infection does not confer protective immunity against subsequent infection with viruses of other genotypes this may hamper the OD of a vaccine conflicting results were obtained in genotyping and serotyping assays suggesting that the serotyping method cannot be used to identify the hcv type in patients such as intravenous DUs who are exposed to successive hcv infections
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the mode of OD of VEE virus and the activity of acid phosphatase in the CE nervous system of newborn mice were investigated precursor particles appeared to be formed in masses of viroplasm migrating to the membrane of the golgi cisterns and vacuoles or to the plasma membrane and being transformed into mature viral particlentation with nad mm lactate increased the rate of oxygen consumption and kept the concentration of atp high and that of amp relatively low added amp mm raised the net rate of carbohydrate removal and inhibited the net formation of gl from lactate as well as the incorporation of lactate into glucose these effects were accompanied by a fall in the concentrations of hexose phosphates and a rise in those of fructose diphosphate and triose phosphates when the activity of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase was limited experimentally by a low concentration of nad or when it was blocked by iodoacetate the accumulations of fructose diphosphate and triose phosphates were C1 and accounted for most of the carbohydrate degraded in the presence of amp amp also inhibited the conversion of pyruvate into phosphoenolpyruvate data on the concentrations of pyruvate phosphoenolpyruvate and intermediates of the TCA as well as on isotope distribution suggest that the effect was due to inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase the results indicate that in the homogenates phosphofructokinase and fructose diphosphatase controlled in their activity by adenine nucleotides and other cell constituents are enzymes which regulate the direction of carbohydrate metabolism Kd or synthesis in the liver it is suggested that AS transport of adenine nucleotides citrate mg ca pi and other cell constituents may play a role in regulating the activity of enzymes which are affected by these substances a procedure is described for generating alkali in a closed manometer vessel by mixing mercuric oxide and a solution of sodium iodide for use in a method for measuring the oxygen consumption at physiological bicarbonate concentrations
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in drug development it has been noticed that some drug EDC especially esters are unstable in SS samples ex vivo this can lead to a substantial underestimation of the actual drug concentration the rat and the dog representing a rodent and nonrodent species respectively are widely used in preclinical studies we studied the Kd of three structurally different drug esters in rat and dog SS moreover the efficiency of selected enzyme inhibitors to prevent these degradations was investigated furthermore we found indications of the identity of the drugspecific esterases by means of their inhibitor sensitivity as well as by protein purification and ID the studied drugs were sagopilone drospirenone and methylprednisolone aceponate mpa all of which are used in preclinical drug OD the sagopilonecleaving esterases in RS were inhibited by serine hydrolase inhibitors we partly purified these esterases resulting in an activity yield of and a purification factor of using matrixassisted laser desorption ionization malditime of flight tofmass spectrometry ms the rat carboxylesterase isoenzyme es was identified in these fractions thus pointing to its involvement in sagopilone cleavage drospirenone cleavage in rat SS was elt in an acute AW myocardial infarction mi if the patient is not urgently catheterized and the occlusion opened this case report discusses a young male patient with no known cardiac disease with an ekg that demonstrates the classic wellens twaves he was urgently taken to cardiac catheterization and his proximal lad stenosis was reduced via drugeluding stent through knowledge of wellens twaves more anterior wall mis can be prevented
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bortezomib has appeared recently as a potential AS treatment for acute amr for few years we reported a patient who received two courses of bortezomib for the treatment of an acute amr associated with de novo hla dsa that occurred months after renal transplantation because of noncompliance VG biopsy revealed features of AHR with plasmocyte infiltration and cd staining bortezomib was associated with corticosteroid pulses ivigs and pp despite this rapid management the patient lost his graft and carried on dialysis bortezomib therapy in addition to current therapy of amr is not always ERP in the treatment for late acute amr in renal transplantation we discuss on the place of such a treatment and other therapeutic strategies in this indication
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maintenance of patency in distal airways is essential for gas exchange in neonatal life and its disruption may have longlasting effects on respiratory function however neural mechanisms that regulate caliber of intrapulmonary airways during early PN life and their disruption by hyperoxic SE have not been well characterized we have previously shown that cholinergically mediated airway contractile responses in rat pups are upregulated T3 hyperoxic exposure and that increased expression of neuropeptides such as substance p may be contributory more recently we have documented impairment of neurally mediated airway EC50 in response to hyperoxic AS associated with loss of nitric oxide and prostaglandininduced airway EC50 as well as inhibition of long chain myosin phosphatase our most recent data demonstrate significantly enhanced expression of the neurotrophin brainderived neurotrophic factor bdnf and its high affinity TPS IMT kinase b trkb receptor in hyperoxiaexposed airway smooth muscle the existence of a bdnftrkb receptor autocrine and paracrine loops in the airways provides a basis for understanding local RII mechanisms of airway homeostasis a mechanistic role for bdnftrkb signaling in hyperoxiainduced airway hyperreactivity in early PN life could serve to modulate both afferent and efferent neural pathways that result in enhanced contractile responses of immature airways exposed to hyperoxic stress greater insight into these neural pathways may lead to future preventive strategies for PT infants surviving NIC and developing chronic lung disease
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we have previously described the safety and efficacy of PEG interferonαa therapy in a cohort of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasmassociated myelofibrosis followed in centers affiliated to the french intergroup of myeloproliferative neoplasms in this T0 we report their longterm outcomes and correlations with mutational patterns of driver and nondriver mutations analyzed by targeted next generation sequencing the median age at diagnosis was years old the median followup since starting pegylated interferon was months at the time of analysis patients were alive including still being treated with PEG interferon the median survival of patients with intermediate and highrisk prognostic lille and dynamic IPSS scores treated with pegylated interferon was increased in comparison to that of historical cohorts in addition overall survival was significantly correlated with the duration of pegylated interferon therapy
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the present T0 examined mode effects for collecting alcohol and other drug use data using a webbased survey mode and a us mailbased survey mode for comparison
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to evaluate the effect of human amniotic fluid haf on retinal PE cells growth and transdifferentiation into retinal SN retinal PE rpe cells were isolated from neonatal human cadaver eye globes and cultured in dulbeccos modified eagles mediumf supplemented with fetal bovine serum fbs confluent monolayer cultures were trypsinized and passaged using fbscontaining or hafcontaining media amniotic fluid samples were received from Pr women in the first trimester of gestation cell proliferation and death ELISA assays were performed to assess the effect of haf on rpe cell growth transdifferentiation into rod photoreceptors and retinal ganglion cells was also studied using immunocytochemistry and RT PCR reaction techniques primary cultures of rpe cells were successfully established under fbscontaining or hafcontaining media leading to rapid cell growth and proliferation when rpe cells were moved to in vitro culture system they began to lose their differentiation markers such as pigmentation and rpe marker and transdifferentiated neurallike cells followed by spheroid colonies pertaining to stemprogenitor cells were morphologically detected immunocytochemistry icc analysis of haftreated cultures showed a considerable expression of rhodopsin gene rhodopsinpositive cells indicating transdifferentiation of rpe cells to rod photoreceptors RT polymerase chain reaction revealed an hafdosedependant expression of thy gene rgc marker and significant promoting effect of haf on rgcs generation the data presented here suggest that haf possesses invaluable stimulatory effect on rpe cells growth and transdifferentiation into retinal neurons it can be regarded as a newly introduced enriched supplement in SF kinds of media used in cytokines infection of hd cells with senteritidis was shown to completely abolish no production regardless of ifnγ treatment this study has demonstrated that ifnγ and il are important th and th cytokines that regulate macrophage CF in chickens
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atrophying pityriasis versicolor pv first described in is a rare variant in which lesions appear atrophic
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dystonia is a relatively common syndrome of sustained muscle contractions frequently causing twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures the most frequent type of dystonia is idiopathic generalized dystonia whose pathophysiology is largely unknown in this respect mutant animal strains with inborn dystonia may be helpful to elucidate the pathophysiological defects involved in idiopathic dystonia the dt dtsz hamster is an rat of paroxysmal dystonia that displays attacks of generalized dystonia either spontaneously or in response to mild environmental stimuli in the present study a quantitative ARG analysis of ligand IB to different CS of the gabaabenzodiazepine receptorchloride ionophore complex was carried out in brain areas from genetically dystonic mutant hamsters and agematched control hamsters animals were killed weeks after their last dystonic attack analysis of the gababinding site of the receptor complex using the ligand hmuscimol and the benzodiazepine site labelled with hflunitrazepam revealed no significant alterations in the binding of either ligand in any of the brain regions examined in contrast widespread changes were observed in binding densities of stbutylbicyclophosphorothionate stbutylbicyclophosphorothionate which labels the picrotoxinin site of the gabaa receptorchloride ionophore complex significantly increased stbutylbicyclophosphorothionate binding was found in several parts of the thalamus cortex and hippocampus as well as in the red nucleus the subthalamic nucleus and the granular layer of the cerebellum since highaffinity stbps IB is thought to represent the closed conformation of the gabagated chloride ionophore increased tbps IB would indicate an impaired gabaergic function the T0 is consistent with the concept that dystonia is caused by impaired connections between the BG the thalamus and FC association areas the data on increased stbps binding are the first evidence implicating alterations in the gabagated chloride ion channel CF in a movement disorder ie idiopathic generalized dystonia
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changes in the number and distribution of lymphocyte subtypes were investigated in peyers patches in the jejunum and ileum and mucosaassociated lymphoid nodules in the PT colon and rectum of cattle with endstage mucosal disease mucosal disease had been induced experimentally in seven of animals by inoculation with cytopathogenic BVD virus cp bvdvirus for comparison six clinically healthy persistently viremic cattle were used igm iga bocd bocd and gamma delta tcrlymphocytes and the cp bvdviral antigen were visualized in tissue sections by immunohistochemistry in cattle with mucosal disease the size of lymphoid follicles was significantly decreased in all localizations resulting in decreased numbers of blymphocytes per average follicular area in most animals domes were missing and epithelium was invaginated into the lymphoid follicles numbers of bocd and bocd tlymphocytes were increased per mm of lymphoid F2 conversion of these counts into number of cells per average follicular area revealed however that the absolute number of bocd tlymphocytes had decreased within lymphoid follicles and there was no distinct NC of bocd tlymphocytes in comparison to the controls interfollicular Az were less densely populated due to reduced numbers of bocd and bocd tlymphocytes cp bvdviral antigen was detected predominantly in epithelial cells and in cells with dendritic morphology within LF this may indicate that the severe depletion of blymphocytes in the LF is due to alterations of the microenvironment the decrease of bocd and bocd tlymphocytes does not support the hypothesis of tcellmediated tissue damage destruction of mucosaassociated lymphoid nodules does not only lead to local disruption of the gastrointestinal barrier but will reduce the seeding of effector cells to the mucosa and therefore impair the defense mechanisms of the gastrointestinal barrier
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standard ambulatory night sleep EEG eeg of longterm practitioners of the TM tm program reporting higher states of consciousness during sleep the EG was compared to that of nine ST practitioners and nonpractitioners eeg tracings during stages and sleep showed the experimental group to have thetaalpha activity simultaneously with delta activity and decreased chin electromyograph emg during deep sleep p compared to shortterm practitioners spectral analysis fast fourier transform fft data of the first three cycles showed that the exp subjects had significantly greater theta hzalpha hz relative power during stages and than the combined control CG t p with no difference in time in delta there was a graded difference across groups during stages and in theta alpha power with experimentals having greater power than shortterm practitioners who in turn had greater power than nonpractitioners t p and experimentals also had increased rapid eye movement rem density during rem periods compared to ST practitioners p previous studies have found increased thetaalpha eeg activity during reported periods of transcendental consciousness during the tm technique in the vedic tradition as described by maharishi mahesh yogi transcendentastain no IF was observed in bile duct epithelium endothelial and kupffer cells in the initial stages of infection supporting the contention that hepatocytes constitute the primary site of rvf virus replication in newborn lambs few cells stained positively in the SP prescapular lymph node lungs and kidneys
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thermally stimulated current tsc techniques have been applied to study thermally activated events in many materials however the temperature ramp rates in traditional tsc are typically too slow few degrees per minute to monitor materials whose properties are strongly time dependent a fast ramp rate tsc frtsc technique was developed with ramp rates of ks this is up to times faster than traditional tsc so that material changes can be appropriately quantified in the time scale at which they take place in this paper the exp design and challenges to achieve fast and stable ramp rates and to measure the lowlevel currents are discussed the fast ramps were attained using a thermoelectric cooler controlled by a proportionalintegralderivative feedback loop for both heating and cooling frtsc measurements ks and degrees c on polyvinylidene fluoridetrifluoroethylene ferroelectric thin films are discussed as an example material from these measurements thermally activated currents as well as irreversible and reversible charge dynamics were readily distinguished with multiple thermal cycles these measurements suggest that this technique holds substantial promise in quantifying charge dynamics in fast response materials
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fragile x syndrome is associated with low ovarian reserve and poor ovarian response the aim of this study was to investigate whether cgg repeats on the fragile x mental retardation fmr gene have predictive value for ovarian response to stimulation with gonadotrophins and for clinical outcome in our oocyte donation program
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sixteen patients with chronic or recurrent urinary tract infections with septicaemia with salmonellosis with pneumonia and with acute mastitis were treated with mg mgkg NTL intramuscularly every hours for days mean days patients were cured showed marked improvement and patients with septicaemia and severe underlying diseases failed to respond to treatment the bacterial isolates were inhibited by mg netilmicinl or less antibiotic serum level determinations were performed in patients mean serum concentrations of NTL and hours T3 injection were and mgl respectively in patients with NS creatinine C2 in patients with elevated serum creatinine mean peak and trough values were and mgl respectively mean netilmicin concentrations in serum and skin blister fluid obtained from patients were equal hours T3 i.t. indicating appropriate tissue penetration nephrotoxicity occurred in patients ototoxicity was not demonstrated netilmicin appears to be an ERP and safe drug in the treatment of a variety of bacterial infections
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treatment of SH b virus carriers with the nucleoside analog lamivudine suppresses virus replication however rather than completely eliminating the virus LT treatment often ends in the outgrowth of DR variants using woodchucks chronically infected with woodchuck SH virus whv we investigated the consequences of combining lamivudine treatment with immunotherapy mediated by an adenovirus superinfection eight INF woodchucks were treated with lamivudine and four were infected with approximately particles of an adenovirus type vector expressing betagalactosidase SS samples and CL biopsies collected following the combination therapy revealed a to fold reduction in dna replication intermediates in three of four woodchucks at weeks after adenovirus infection at the same time covalently closed circular dna cccdna and viral mrna C2 both declined about two to threefold in those woodchucks while mrna C2 for gamma interferon and TN factor alpha as well as for the tcell markers cd and cd were elevated about twofold REC from adenovirus infection was marked by elevation of sorbitol dehydrogenase a marker for hepatocyte necrosis as well as an to fold increase in expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen a marker for dna synthesis indicating significant hepatocyte turnover the fact that replicative dna levels declined more than cccdna and mrna C2 following adenovirus infection suggests that the former decline either was cytokine induced or reflects instability of replicative dna in reg hepatocytes virus titers in all four woodchucks were only transiently suppressed suggesting that the effect of ACT is transient and at least under the conditions used does not cure chronic whv infections
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we examined monoamine oxidase mao activity in the intermediolateral nucleus iml of the rat thoracic spinal cord by histochemistry with tyramine as a common substrate for both mao types a and b LM showed mao activity in neuronal cell bodies processes and varicosities electron microscopic examination showed both maopositive and negative neuronal cell bodies in the stained cell bodies histochemical MRP were localized in the cytoplasm showing a selective association with mitochondrial outer CM maopositive axon terminals were often found in contact with maonegative neurons but only occasionally with maopositive SN mao histochemistry in the iml was also performed using serotonin a mao type a preferential ATP and betaphenylethylamine a mao type b preferential ATP CS microscopy identified mao activity for serotonin in a plexus of varicosities but not in any neuronal cell bodies the activity for betaphenylethylamine was detected frequently in neuronal cell HB but rarely in varicosities our findings indicate that two groups of iml SN can be chemically distinguished one contains mao type b while the other lacks both mao types a and b in addition many axon terminals contain mao type a but only a few SF include mao type b in the iml
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the relative reduction of the LD by an atheromatous lesion DR is generally used as an angiographic index for atheromatous renal i.a. stenosis aras but its association with the clinical outcome of angioplasty has not been sufficiently evaluated this study aimed to identify an angiographic indexices that can be used to identify angioplastytreatable aras we evaluated the clinical outcome of angioplasty in patients who had unilateral aras without RI by assessing the reduction in systemic arterial blood pressure bp after angioplasty and examined its association with various angiographic indices in the receiver operating characteristic analysis for bp reduction the area under the curve was larger for the absolute value of the lumen diameter at the narrowest part of its constriction the narrowest diameter an angiographic index introduced in this study than for diameter reduction vs at a mm maximum threshold the narrowest diameter identified cases with bp reduction the sensitivityspecificity was p furthermore the narrowest diameter correlated better than DR with hemodynamic indices of aras in conclusion the narrowest diameter is an angiographic index that can effectively identify angioplastytreatable aras in patients without renal insufficiency
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a moderate number of degenerating synaptic boutons dsb in the pericentral nucleus of the IC ic were identified electron microscopically following CL eye enucleation in AD cats most of the dsb measure micron and a lower percent are larger micron both types contain a slightly polymorph population of clear LDV mainly round and oval and a very few are elongated the dsb are involved in amory impairment on the maintenance dose benzhexol should be used with caution but may prove to be an additional therapeutic agent in the management of severe variant angina
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distribution patterns of iowa and north carolina families for dietary adequacy at various income C2 were compared according to a two family dietary standards based on the recommended dietary allowance and the tenstate nutrition survey dietary standards and b two income standards family income and per capita income a hr recall method was used to collect the dietary data nutrients studied included protein calcium iron vitamin a ascorbic acid thiamin and riboflavin clear differences emerged in family distribution patterns by the two dietary standards and by the two income standards comparison of family distribution patterns for dietary inta
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recent studies have demonstrated that premature depolarizations that trigger atrial fibrillation often arise in pulmonary veins the purpose of this T0 was to evaluate whether p wave polarity is helpful in distinguishing which of the pulmonary veins is the site of origin of a premature depolarization
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in order to evaluate if oral LP olp may be regarded as a marker of even unknown liver disease incident olp cases were screened through anamnestic laboratory instrumental investigations and gastroenterology consultation the frequency of hepatopathies was had cirrhosis had chronic AS hepatitis had chronic persistent SH steatosis and had undetermined liver disease eleven of these patients had unknown hepatopathies although five of them had severe CL disorders cirrhosis CH fortyfour of patients without definite CL disorders had at least one abnormal CL parameter this results confirm frequent association of olp with hepatic damage and moreover it shown that olp may be an important clinical sign of symptomless hepatopathies
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the contribution of ascending olfactory pathways in neophobia and learned aversion to the same food was investigated in male rats bearing lesions of both olfactory peduncles or one olfactory peduncle and the opposite lateral olfactory tract or anterior limb of the anterior commissure the animals were fed on usual stock diet s offered as a choice with novel vanilla food v on test days during neophobia n then before and T3 aversive conditioning aa at daily FI was measured and the preference was expressed as vv s experiment included a neophobia test before aversive conditioning meqkg licl ip in experiment aversion only was studied meqkg in the neophobia test the preference ratio was in unoperated controls and in the lesioned groups the same controls had preference ratios equal to and before and T3 aversive learning similar drops were observed for any lesioned group in expt the decrease was less obvious although significant in rats of expt with asymmetric lesions those with both olfactory peduncles cut through maintained the same preference ratio before and after licl treatment the data are interpreted assuming that lateral olfactory tract and anterior commissure both contribute to information processing in neophobia and aversion olfactory cues subserve neophobia prepotently and one cannot account for the sensory determinism of neophobia and aversion calling for a single mechanism
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to report the use of alteplase for catheter clearance in a neonate of weeks gestation at day of life
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a subchronic noseonly inhalation T0 compared the effects of MS from a cigarette containing fluecured tobacco cured by a directfired process to that of a cigarette containing fluecured tobacco cured by a heat exchanger process the tobaccos and MS from tobaccos cured by the heat exchanger process have been shown to have significantly lower levels of tobaccospecific nitrosamines than tobaccos cured by a directfired process male and female rats were exposed for hday dayswk for wk to mainstream smoke at or mg wet TPM per liter of air clinical signs body and organ weights clinical chemistry hematology carboxyhemoglobin serum nicotine plethysmography gross pathology and histopathology were determined when histologic changes resulting from exposure to smoke from the two types of cigarettes were compared the only significant difference was increased epithelial PH of the anterior nasal cavity in males in the highexposure group for the heatexchanger cigarette at the end of the exposure period subsets of rats from each group were maintained without smoke exposures for an additional wk REC period at the end of the recovery period there were no statistically significant differences in histopathological findings observed between the heatexchangercured tobacco cigarette when compared to the directfired cured tobacco cigarette the CR toxicological assessment in this study of heat exchanger and directfired tobaccos suggests no overall biologically significant differences between the two cigarettes
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the somatosensory evoked potentials seps following stimulation of both the posterior tibial nerve ptsep and pudendal nerve pnsep comprise of the lumbar negative subcortical and cortical potential these can be used to assess the long somatosensory pathway including peripheral intraspinal and intracranial conduction along the entire length this study aimed to compare the CE conduction time between the ptsep and the pnsep and to investigate the relationship between the intraspinal and intracranial conduction time in the sep pathway the seps following stimulation of the PTN at the ankle and the pudendal nerve at the shaft of the penis were analyzed in normal male subjects the central conduction of the pnsep was found to be slower than that of the ptsep p this difference is due to a delay in conduction rather than that of intracranial conduction
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continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion via a subcutaneously implanted programmable pump has been used in the treatment of severe spasticity improvement classically concerns the neurological hypertonia spasms hyperreflexia urological bladder function and other clinically relevant outcomes such as PET status of daily living this short note reports on another effect of ITB on vasomthere is a genotypephenotype correlation with missense mutations producing more severe abnormalities than complete absence of one S2 two syndromes with earlyonset proteinlosing nephropathy can be distinguished according to the type of wt mutation children with apparently isolated diffuse mesangial sclerosis may also be wt mutation carriers wt is not the L1 gene mutated in wilms tumour but has given important insights into the molecular genetics of this childhood embryonal kidney CA recommendations for management of children suspected of having a wt mutation are discussed
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a comparative T0 was carried out on the lipid C2 in the BS and the frequency of hyperlipoproteinemias in normal subjects of young age years of both sexes with the normo and hypertensive types of the blood pressure bp response to exercise the CG studied were matched for sex age and risk factors the subject with the hypertensive type of the bp response to exercise showed a significant elevation in the lipid levels and the rate of hyperlipoproteinemias as against the group with the normotensive type of the bp reaction
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cerebral venous sinus sinovenous thrombosis csvt is a rare lifethreatening disorder in childhood that is often misdiagnosed csvt encompasses CST LST and SSS thrombosis ssst we present an adolescent girl who was well until two weeks earlier when she had a throbbing frontal HA and fever with chills she later had dyspnoea jaundice melena stool multiple seizures nuchal rigidity and monoparesis of the right lower limb a day before admission urine test for salmonella typhi vi antigen was positive and widal reaction was significant serial cranial computerized tomography scans revealed an expanding hypodense lesion in the parafalcine region consistent with ssst or a parasagittal PA inadvertent left parietal limited craniectomy confirmed ssst she recovered CR with subsequent conservative management beyond neuropsychiatric complications of TF csvt should be highly considered when focal neurologic deficits are present
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this T0 sought to determine the minimal clinically important difference mcid for two frequently used measures of symptom severity in posttraumatic stress disorder the clinician administered ptsd scale caps and the ptsd symptom checklist pcl data from a randomized clinical trial of antipsychotic medication in militaryrelated treatmentresistant ptsred na
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alzheimers disease ad a progressive degenerative disorder of the brain is believed to be the most common cause of PSD amongst the elderly ad is characterized by the presence of amyloid deposits and neurofibrillary tangles in the BB of afflicted individuals ad is associated with a loss of the presynaptic markers of the ACh system in the BB Az related to SM and learning ad appears to have a heterogeneous etiology with a C1 percentage termed sporadic ad arising from unknown causes and a smaller fraction of EO FAD fad caused by mutations in one of several genes such as the betaamyloid precursor protein app and presenilins ps ps these proteins along with tau secretases such as betaamyloid cleaving enzyme bace and apolipoprotein e play important roles in the pathology of ad on therapeutic fronts there is significant research underway in the development of new inhibitors for bace ps and gammasecretase as targets for treatment of ad there is also a remarkable advancement in understanding the function of cholinesterase che in the BB and the use of cheinhibitors in ad a new generation of acetyl and butyryl cholinesterase inhibitors is being studied and tested in human PCTs for ad the development of vaccination strategies antiinflammatory agents cholesterollowering agents antioxidants and hormone therapy are examples of new approaches for treating or slowing the progression of ad in addition nutritional genetic and environmental factors highlight more ERP preventive strategies for ad developments of early diagnostic tools and of quantitative markers are critical to better follow the course of the disease and to evaluate different therapeutic strategies in this review we attempt to critically examine recent trends in ad research from molecular genetic to clinical areas we discuss various neurobiological mechanisms that provide the basis of new targets for ad drug development all these current research efforts should lead to a deeper understanding of the pathobiochemical processes that occur in the ad brain in order to effectively diagnose and prevent their occurrence
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sarcopenia is characterized by a lower skeletal muscle quantity higher fat accumulation in the muscle lower muscle strength and lower PCS performance the most commonly used low cost and accessible methods to assess skeletal MM include dual energy xray absorptiometry dexa anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance analysis bia magnetic resonance imaging mri computerized tomography ct and creatinine excretion are the most specific golden standards for assessing muscle mass or cross sectional muscle area other available measures include peripheral quantitative computerized tomography pqct ultrasound and neutron activation skeletal muscle strength is another important component for the assessment of sarcopenia and muscle SQ several methods are available for the measurement of muscle strength which include simple dynamometers to measure isometric strength and the most complex isokinetic strength measures of SP and torque standardized physical performance measures complement the measures of muscle mass for the assessment of sarcopenia a clinical definition of sarcopenia ought to use methods of assessment that are valid reliable TPS to skeletal muscle predictive of future health events noninvasive practical low cost and widely accessible
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this study aimed to investigate the effects of yesassociated protein yap silencing on invasion migration anchorageindependent growth and angiogenesis in the human gastric CA cell L1 sgc
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thallium is a highly toxic compound and is occasionally involved in intentional overdoses or criminal poisonings accidental poisonings also occur but are increasingly rare owing to restricted use and availability of thallium we report a fatal suicidal ingestion of thallium sulfate rodenticide in which multidose activated charcoal mdac and prussian blue pb were both used without changing the outcome
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using a conscious swine model we studied the effects of different patterns of cardiac autonomic denervation on alterations of rr and q t intervals for postnatal weeks newborn pigs were assigned randomly to four different CG shamoperated controls c SG ablation sgx either left lsgx or right rsgx and the right cardiac vagus nerve rcvx transection the ecgs were recorded by telemetry while animals rested quietly or were judged behaviorally to be asleep analyses of the ecg included measurements of rr and qt intervals as well as corrected qt intervals qtc poincaré plots were used to display agerelated differences in rr and qt intervals for stellectomized animals significantly prolonged rr intervals were first observed at postsurgical week in the rsgx group and at week in the lsgx group significantly prolonged qtc was found only in the rsgx group in the rcvx group shortened qtc and rr intervals were noted at and weeks after denervation furthermore three of six rsgx animals and one of four rcvx animals exhibited marked pauses in sinus rhythm that were unrelated to changes in HR rate or to SA these results in conscious animals support our hypothesis that abnormal autonomic innervation of the heart during maturation eg withdrawal of vagal cardiac modulation or asymmetry of sympathetic innervation impairs cardiac electrical stability
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the sensing mechanism for fluoride chemosensor based on anthracene structure has been investigated by dft and tddft methods the results show that the similar geometries in s and s states in the absence of the fluoride anion induce the local excited le state over the anthracene moiety which is responsible for the strong fluorescence the fluorescence quenching phenomenon for fcoordinated complex can be explained by the PET pet process from benzylic NH to anthracene moiety moreover the strong electronegativity for fluoride anion in the fcomplex constructs the intermolecular hydrogen bond of nhâ¦f in the ground state in contrast the upper proton in the urea group close to phenyl group prefers to bind fluoride anion in s state of the fcomplex and it presents excitedstate PT espt to form another hydrogen bond like nâ¦hf which has been confirmed by NK bond orbital nbo analysis and the PE curve of s state for the function of nh bond in this novel and efficient fluoride FL chemosensor based on ANT the ANT moiety is regarded as not only the FL source but the template for introducing the IB sites for fluoride anion
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the presence of ocular anomalies in a short child raises the possibility of hypothalamicpituitary dysfunction or other intracranial CA the ocular endocrine and neurologic findings in three children with SS are described in this article the first child had a C1 basal encephalocele agenesis of the CC mild optic atrophy in one eye a retinal PE defect in the other eye and bitemporal hemianopia the second child had septooptic dysplasia and the third child had riegers anomaly all had deficient or abnormal growth hormone responses and two of the children had other PIT hormonal CA it is suggested that an arrest of development during organogenesis can produce a spectrum of abnormalities involving ocular endocrine and neurologic structures early diagnosis is important so that endocrinologic and neurologic investigations can be undertaken and appropriate therapy implemented
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markers of oxidative AS and inflammation were analysed in the exhaled breath condensate ebc and urine samples of workers mean age ± years exposed to iron oxide aerosol for an average of ± years and controls mean age ± years by liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionizationmass spectrometrymass spectrometry lcesimsms T3 solidphase extraction aerosol exposure in the workplace was measured by particle size spectrometers a scanning mobility particle sizer smps and an APS aps and by aerosol concentration monitors ptrak and dusttrak drx total aerosol concentrations in workplace locations varied greatly in both time and space the median mass concentration was mg m iqr mg m and the median particle concentration was particles cm iqr particles cm in addition more than of particles were smaller than nm in diameter markers of oxidative AS MDA mda hydroxytranshexenale hhe hydroxytransnonenale hne isoprostaglandin fα isoprostane and aldehydes cc in addition to markers of nucleic acid oxidation including hydroxydeoxyguanosine ohdg hydroxyguanosine ohg hydroxymethyl uracil ohmeu and of proteins such as otyrosine otyr chlorotyrosine cltyr and nitrotyrosine notyr were analysed in ebc and urine by lcesimsms almost all markers of lipid nucleic acid and protein oxidation were elevated in the ebc of workers comparing with control subjects elevated markers were mda hne hhe cc isoprostane ohdg ohg ohmeu cltyr notyr otyr all p and c p only aldehyde c and the ph of samples did not differ between groups markers in urine were not elevated these findings suggest the adverse effects of nano iron oxide aerosol exposure and support the utility of oxidative AS biomarkers in ebc the analysis of urine oxidative stress biomarkers does not support the presence of systemic oxidative AS in iron oxide pigment production workers
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