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we investigated a novel scavenging mechanism of arylamine free radicals by poly and monoaminocarboxylates free radicals of arylamine xenobiotics and drugs did not react with oxygen in peroxidasecatalyzed reactions however they showed marked oxygen uptake in the presence of an aminocarboxylate these freeradical intermediates were identified using the DMPO dmpo and electron paramagnetic resonance epr spectrometry diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid dtpa a polyaminocarboxylate caused a concentrationdependent attenuation of ncentered radicals produced by the peroxidative metabolism of arylamines with the subsequent formation of AA aliphatic carboncentered radicals stemming from the cosubstrate molecule analogously nndimethylglycine dmg and nmethyliminodiacetate mida but not iminodiacetic acid ida demonstrated a similar scavenging effect of arylaminederived free radicals in a horseradish peroxidaseho system using human PML hl cell lysate as a MM of human neutrophils dtpa mida and dmg readily reduced anilinium cation radicals derived from the arylamines and gave rise to the corresponding carbon radicals the rate of peroxidasetriggered polymerization of aniline was studied as a measure of nitrogenradical scavenging although ida had no effect on the rate of aniline polymerization this was almost nullified in the presence of dtpa and mida at half of the molar concentration of the AN substrate whereas a molar excess of dmpo caused only a partial inhibition furthermore the yield of formaldehyde a TPS reaction endproduct of the oxidation of aminocarboxylates by aniline freeradical metabolites was quantitatively determined azobenzene a TPS reaction product of peroxidasecatalyzed freeradical dimerization of aniline was fully abrogated in the presence of dtpa as confirmed by gcms under aerobic conditions a radicaltransfer reaction is proposed between aminocarboxylates and arylamine FRs via the carboxylic grouplinked tertiary nitrogen of the deprotonated amino acid derivatives these findings may have significant implications for the biological fate of arylamine xenobiotic and drug freeradical metabolites
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despite a substantial literature on the role of correlated presynaptic activity in the patterning of nerve connections during synaptogenesis in the CE NS few studies have focuses on postsynaptic activity during this process to address the possibility that the target exhibits correlated activity independently of presynaptic activity extracellular activity was recorded from the main optic innervation layer stratum fibrosum et griseum superficiale sfgs in goldfish in which the optic nerve was crushed or the eye removed at about weeks after denervation multiunit recordings revealed phasic temporally correlated discharge between different tectal units autocorrelation analysis of these trains showed a broad peak ms wide confirming temporal correlation using crosscorrelation analysis of two simultaneous recordings at different distances across tectum this correlation was shown to be local strong positive correlations were detected over about micron and decrease with greater distances disappearing beyond about micron these correlograms showed a broad symmetrical peak about ms wide this DP of activity persisted from the day following nerve crush into the period of activity dependent reinnervation at month when the eye was removed the DP could be demonstrated for up to months of denervation indicating the circuitry responsible for the correlated activity was quite SD in the absence of optic innervation we conclude that tectal elements are capable of locally correlated discharge independently of optic innervation we propose that locally correlated discharge represents cooperative CG of tectal cells and that these CG rather than single cells are the target of the activity dependent synaptic rearrangement such as ocular dominance columns which occurs during synaptogenesis
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we recently discovered an expanded family of adenoassociated viruses aavs that show promise as improved GT vectors in this study we evaluated the potential of vectors based on several of these novel aavs as vaccine carriers for HIV-1 gag studies with mice indicated that vectors based on aav type aav aav and aav demonstrate improved immunogenicity in terms of gag cd tcell and gag antibody responses the quality of these antigenspecific responses was evaluated in detail for aav vectors and compared to results with an adenovirus vector expressing gag adc aav produced a vibrant cd tcell effector response characterized by coexpression of gamma interferon and tumor necrosis factor alpha as well as in vivo cytolytic activity no cd tcell response generated by any of the aavs was effectively boosted with adc a result consistent with the finding of a relative lack of cells expressing interleukin il or a CE memory phenotype at months after the prime the primary response to an adc vaccine differed from that generated by aavs in that the peak effector response evolved into populations of gagspecific TA expressing high levels of cytokines including il and with effector SM and central SM phenotypes a number of mechanisms could be considered to explain the aberrant activation of cd t cells by aav including insufficient inflammatory responses cd help andor chronic antigen expression and tcell exhaustion interestingly the bcell response to aavencoded gag was quite vibrant and easily boosted with adc
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the accuracy of bmd at DR was evaluated in terms of sensitivity specificity false negative false positive predictive value of a positive osteoporosis and a negative normal test for nonforearm osteoporosis women osteoporotic and normal were measured for both distal radius bone mineral density bmd using panasonic dxa DXA dexa and nonforearm bmd using hologic qdr dexa on the same day the results showed that mean age menopause age height and weight in the osteoporotic group were not different from the healthy group p and respectively mean bmd of both DR and LS in the normal women was significantly higher than that in the osteoporotic group p respectively while mean bmd of the hip femoral neck and wards triangle in both CG was not different p respectively the sensitivity of bmd of the RA radius was very high and specificity was moderately high while false negative was less than false positive the accuracy of right radius bmd when compared with spine hip femoral neck and wards triangle was and per cent respectively the sensitivity specificity false negative and false positive of left radius bmd had the same trend as RA radius bmd accuracy of the left radius when compared with nonforearm bmd was and per cent respectively the predictive value of RA radius osteoporosis was and per cent for detecting osteoporosis at spine hip femoral neck and wards triangle respectively the predictive value of normal right radius bmd was and per cent respectively for normal nonforearm bmd moreover the predictive value of left radius OP for identifying spinal hip femoral neck and wards triangle OP was and respectively and the predictive value of normal left radius bmd for identifying normal bmd at nonforearm CS and respectively was revealed it indicated that forearm dexa provides adequate accuracy for in vivo determination of spinal FA neck and wards triangle OP however there was inadequate accuracy and very low predictive ability for identifying hip OP
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we have evaluated the effects of different doses of an angiotensinconverting enzyme ace inhibitor enalapril ena and of an angiotensin ii type receptor blocker olmesartan olm on extracellular matrix of the heart kidney aorta and CMA of SH rats shr forty shr and eight wistarkyoto controls wky were included in the study eight shr were treated with highdose olm mgkg per day eight with highdose ena mgkg per day eight with lowdose olm mgkg per day and eight with lowdose ena mgkg per day eight shr and eight wky were kept untreated as controls treatment was from age to weeks systolic blood pressure sbp was measured noninvasively every week the left VVI weight to body weight rlvm was measured and the cardiac aortic and glomerular interstitial collagen content was evaluated using sirius red staining and image analysis MES small arteries were dissected and mounted on a micromyograph and the medialumen ratio ml was calculated collagen subtypes were evaluated by polarized light microscopy the shr treated with highdose olm or ena showed a normalization of sbp the rlvm was significantly increased in UT shr compared with UT wky whereas significantly lower values were observed in the CG of shr treated with highdose olm or ena a significant increase in cardiac and glomerular collagen content was observed in UT shr both high or lowdose olm and ena normalized collagen content in the HR and the kidney both highdose olm and highdose ena normalized ml ratio however olm proved to be more ERP than ena in normalizing collagen DP in fact aortic collagen content was normalized by both highdose and lowdose olm but only by highdose ena in conclusion both olm and ena were significantly and equally ERP in the prevention of cardiac and renal damage in shr whereas olm was more effective than ena in terms of effects on vascular extracellular matrix
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this T0 was designed to evaluate the mediumterm results of surgical treatment of penile curvature by TA plication of tunica albuginea resectionprosthetic graft
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VG polymerization of glycidylmethacrylate gma onto CHA cha was carried out using potassium persulfate kso and sodium metabisulfite naso as initiators in AQ medium to optimize the reaction conditions for getting maximum grafting yield the concentrations of backbone monomer Inr temperature and time were varicro gml for polymyxin e the precision and accuracy of polymyxin e plasma CA was well within the recommended limits set in the fda guidance for bioanalytical method validation polymyxin e stability in rat and dog plasma for h at room temperature and through three freezethaw cycles was demonstrated
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duchenne muscular dystrophy dmd and the allelic milder form of becker muscular dystrophy bmd are caused by mutations of the dystrophin gene on the short arm of the x chromosome one third of affected individuals are expected to result from de novo mutations genetic counselling of families with sporadic cases is complicated by the potential meiotic origin of the mutation in the mother resulting in germline mosaicism here we present direct evidence for combined somatic and germline mosaicism for a deletion of the dystrophin gene thereby proving the MI origin of this deletion and pinpointing a further potential pitfall for genetic counselling the mother of a bmd son and a bmd carrier daughter both carrying a deletion of dystrophin cdna kb hind iii fragment and cdna was herself clinically healthy and had normal creatine kinase levels a muscle specimen of the mother showed mild overall pathology as well as focal dystrophin deficiency in contrast chromosomal in situ suppression ciss hybridization of metaphase chromosomes using a cosmid clone of the th e and e which would support splicing splicing was both far more efficient than predicted and temperatureindependent suggesting that cooperation between e and e may help to regulate musvts splicing
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computed tomographic colonography ctc computer aided PCD cad is a new method to detect colon polyps colonic polyps are abnormal growths that may become cancerous PCD and removal of colonic polyps particularly larger ones has been shown to reduce the incidence of CC while high sensitivities and low false positive rates are consistently achieved for the detection of polyps sized cm or larger lower sensitivities and higher false positive rates occur when the goal of cad is to identify mediumsized polyps mm in diameter such mediumsized polyps may be important for clinical patient management we have developed a waveletbased postprocessor to reduce false positives for this polyp size range we applied the waveletbased postprocessor to ctc cad findings from patients in whom polyps with sizes of mm were found at segmentally unblinded optical colonoscopy and visible on retrospective review of the CTC images prior to the application of the waveletbased postprocessor the ctc cad system detected of the polyps sensitivity with false positives per patient a sensitivity comparable to that of expert radiologists fourfold cross validation with bootstraps showed that the waveletbased postprocessor could reduce the false positives by p to per patient confidence interval without significant sensitivity Kd confidence interval p we conclude that this waveletbased postprocessor can substantially reduce the false positive rate of our ctc cad for this important polyp size range
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HF is a clinical syndrome caused by a reduction in the hearts ability to pump blood around the body the prevalence of heart failure due to coronary HR disease chd is increasing despite the declining overall mortality from chd this is thought to be due to both an ageing population and to more people surviving acute heart attacks but then experiencing residual left VVI dysfunction department of health the national service framework for coronary heart disease doh sets out clear standards for the treatment of patients with HF
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familial combined hyperlipidemia fch is related to different metabolic disorders the objective of this T0 was to evaluate the presence of alterations of hydrocarbonated metabolism and lipid profile together with inflammatory and adhesion molecules in subjects with fch compared to controls
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performance profiles of patients with different dementia syndromes alzheimers disease and parkinsons disease were compared with each other and with those of NI and healthy individuals without PSD on a new SF-36 for screening PSD the crosscultural cognitive examination ccce the ccce measures discriminated reliably between ND and demented patients regardless of etiology comparisons between PSD CG found that dementia patients with FPD pd showed more severe psychomotor slowing and depression compared with patients with alzheimers disease who showed more impaired recall of recently learned verbal information and verbal abstract reasoning the ccce also distinguished between the motor and affective symptoms that are common to all pd patients and the dementia PS that occur in some pd patients these results provide further support for the clinical utility of the ccce for discriminating dementia from normal cognitive SF-36 and for initial ID of different dementia syndromes
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three polymorphs of bio were selectively synthesized via solutionbased methods the phase structures of the asprepared samples were confirmed by xray powder diffraction xrd and xray photoelectron spectroscopy xps uvvis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was employed to T0 the optical properties of bio polymorphs and the band gaps were estimated to be and ev for αbio βbio and δbio respectively the photocatalytic performances of the oxides were investigated by decomposing MO and chlorophenol under visible irradiation at room temperature it was observed that βbio displayed much higher photocatalytic performance than ndoped p among the three polymorphs of bio the photocatalytic MICs followed the order βbio αbio δbio which was in good accordance with the photoluminescence spectra measurement results the synergistic effect of the crystal and electronic structures on the photocatalytic performances of bio polymorphs was investigated the much better photocatalytic activity of βbio was considered to be closely related to its smaller band gap higher crystallinity and unique tunnel structure
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the relationship between achievement of a pCR pcr and favorable longterm outcome varies among breast cancer subtypes we aimed to highlight which neoadjuvant treatment strategy could be most successful in each breast cancer subtype a recent fda metaanalysis on randomized neoadjuvant breast CA trials suggests that the survival differences of patients with or without a pcr were less pronounced in luminal alike tumors despite the overall favorable prognosis of these patients moreover even though the strong prognostic effect of pcr in her positive and tnbc the noah study was the only trial which showed a trend in surrogacy of pcr for LT outcome in herpositive subtype results from gepartrio T0 suggest that patients with hormonepositive tumors might need a responseguided RPA with either an intensification of treatment in case of an early response or a change to other chemotherapy in case of no early response furthermore data from german neoadjuvant trials confirm that an increasing number of chemotherapy cycles is associated with a higher pcr rateus to witness a versatile and efficient selfassembly process of the building blocks heteroscorpionate Al complexes directed by noncovalent intermolecular châÏ interactions the structures of these complexes have been determined by spectroscopic methods and the xray crystal structures of and have also been established concentrationdependent h pulsed fieldgradient SE pfgse nmr experiments provided evidence for the selfassembly of the single molecular species of complex in solution the degree of aggregation was calculated for complex with the average number of units constituting the aggregate n estimated to be a maximum of molecules in solution before reaching the solid state
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multiple sclerosis ms and EAE eae an animal model of ms are inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS system the inflammatory attacks lead to glial dysfunction and death axonal damage and neurological deficits numerous studies in rat suggest that extracellular calcium influx via Kv calcium channels vgcc contributes to WG matter damage in acute spinal cord injury and stroke our immunohistochemical finding that mouse spinal cord axons display subunits of ltype vgcc also supports this hypothesis furthermore we hypothesized that vgcc also play a role in eae and possibly ms in our T0 administration of the calcium channel blockers ccb bepridil and nitrendipine significantly ameliorated eae in mice compared with vehicletreated controls spinal cord samples showed reduced inflammation and axonal pathology in bepridiltreated animals our data support the hypothesis that calcium influx via vgcc plays a significant role in the OD of neurological disability and white matter damage in eae and ms
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this T0 was aimed at determining whether baseline ambulatory blood pressure bp C2 influence the tau of angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists in the same manner accordingly the ambulatory bp recordings of mild to moderate hypertensive patients who had previously entered a clinical trial and had received either a calcium antagonist n or an angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor n were reviewed the inclusion criterion was a clinic diastolic bp between and mm hg at the end of the placebo period patients were classified according to the difference between their observed and predicted ambulatory bp the latter assessed by regressing the observed ABP on the clinic bp reduction in ambulatory systolic and diastolic bp seemed to be greater p less than p in patients receiving an angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitor than in those who were given a calcium antagonist however analysis of variance showed there was a significant interaction f p between the pharmacologic class and the baseline systolic ABP and the difference in diastolic ambulatory bp reduction between both classes was no longer significant when adjusted for baseline diastolic ambulatory bp in patients with higher than predicted ABP C2 angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists had roughly a similar effect reduction in systolic bp vs p not significant reduction in diastolic bp vs p not significantabstract truncated at words
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we report the CS structure and distribution of a novel TRP trp homologue from xenopus xtrp determined by screening an oocyte cdna library on the basis of sequence similarity and predicted structure xtrp appears to be a homologue of mammalian trp proteins two polyclonal antibodies raised against distinct regions of the xtrp sequence revealed xtrp expression in various xenopus tissues and the localization of xtrp at the BPM of xenopus oocytes and hela cells since capacitative calcium entry into xenopus oocytes has been shown previously to be substantially inhibited by trp antisense oligonucleotides tomita kaneko funayama kondo satoh and akaike neurosci lett we suggest that xtrp may underlie capacitative calcium entry in xenopus tissues
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in experiments the character of concurrent cognitive processing was manipulated during an eventbased prospective memory task high and lowload conditions that differed only in the difficulty of the concurrent task were tested in each experiment in experiments and attentiondemanding tasks from the literature on executive control produced decrements in prospective memory in experiment attention was divided by different loads of articulatory suppression that did not ultimately lead to decrements in prospective SM a highload manipulation of a visuospatial task requiring performance monitoring resulted in worse PM in experiment whereas in experiment a visuospatial task with little monitoring did not results are discussed in terms of executive double trisomies included chromosomes and the chromosomes that were trisomic in more than one double trisomy case were numbers cases cases cases and cases each and and x cases the triple trisomy involved chromosomes and x the monosomy and trisomy case was a mosaic with a monosomy in all cells and some cells also with a trisomy the double trisomies cited for the first time in this T0 were and the pooled mean maternal age for double trisomy cases years was higher than that for single trisomy cases years the difference was statistically significant at p the pooled mean gestational age of spontaneous abortions was lower for double trisomy weeks than for reported single trisomy cases weeks this difference is also statistically significant at p the SR among double trisomies was females to males this difference was not statistically significant from the expected
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tickborne encephalitis CE european encephalitis and lyme disease erythema chronicum migrans are diseases mainly transmitted by ticks of the ixodes ricinus species the tickborne encephalitis a virus infection can produce severe encephalitic PS there is no TPS treatment but the infection can be prevented by AS or passive immunization lyme disease is caused by a spirochete borrelia burgdorferi due to the variety of often uncharacteristic PS this infection is not easily recognized however early diagnosis and antibiotic treatment are necessary to prevent chronic damage to skin joints HR or NS
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AM softpart sarcoma asps is a rare clinically morphologically ultrastructurally and cytogenetically distinctive malignant mesenchymal RT that most classically occurs in the extremities of adolescents and young adults but has also been described in a number of unusual CS the molecular signature of asps is a specific dertxpq translocation which results in the fusion of tfe transcription factor gene from xp with aspl at q the aspltfe F0 protein encoded by the fusion transcript can be detected IHC with commercially available antibodies to the carboxy terminus of tfe herein we report a unique case of asps presenting in the bladder with subsequent urethral recurrence in a yearold woman we emphasize the differential diagnoses engendered by asps including common notsocommon and rare tumors involving the urinary bladder that have a nested architecture and both clear and eosinophilic cytoplasm and demonstrate the utility of a broad immunohistochemistry panel including tfe for diagnosis
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daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic that exhibits bactericidal activity against grampositive bacteria in pursuit of potential clinical dosing regimens for endocarditis we evaluated two oncedaily daptomycin regimens against multiple drugresistant GP pathogens daptomycin susceptibility was determined in the absence and presence of physiologic concentrations of Al an in vitro pharmacodynamic MM with simulated endocardial vegetations incorporating protein was used to simulate regimens of daptomycin at and mgkgday and vancomycin at g every h against methicillinresistant s aureus mrsa and and s epidermidis mrser and r glycopeptideintermediate s aureus and s epidermidis gisa and gise and vancomycinresistant e faecium vrefsf and bacterial quantification occurred over h daptomycin mic results for T0 isolates in the absence or presence of Al ranged from to and to respectively both daptomycin regimens achieved greater than kill by h and demonstrated greater bacterial reduction than vancomycin against all tested isolates at and h p undetectable limits of bacterial quantification was achieved and maintained by mgkgday against mrsa and gisa and vref for the T0 duration although slight regrowth was noted only for mgkgday against mrsa kill was maintained throughout the T0 period without development of resistance pharmacodynamic profiles and drug SE of daptomycin at mgkgday corresponds to previously reported aucmic requirements these results suggest that and mgkgday of daptomycin represent potential regimens for further clinical evaluation in DR grampositive endocarditis
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the current T0 sought to examine differences in personalityrelated characteristics between restricting anorexia nervosa ran bingingpurging anorexia bpan and purging bulimia nervosa bn patients scores on the temperament and character inventory tci and on the dutch eating behaviour questionnaire debq were compared for ran bpan and bn patients bingerspurgers showed a higher score for restrained external and emotional eating and a lower score for a subscale of selfdirectedness compared to patients who never binge and purge personality differences were most marked between ran and bn patients while personality characteristics of bpan patients tended to be similar to those of bn patients bn patients showed higher scores on novelty seeking and the subscales exploratory excitability impulsivity and extravagance and lower scores on selfdirectedness compared to restricting patients moreover ran patients also showed higher scores on subscales of character dimensions compared to bn patients the higher the scores on NS the lower the scores on several character scales which has important implications for the reinforcement of behavior and the treatment of eating disorders
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with the advent of improved US it is now possible to make an intrauterine diagnosis of many fetal anomalies the key to an accurate antenatal diagnosis is careful scanning of the fetus and knowledge of the CA that may be associated with a particular anomaly in the presence of fetal anomalies known to be associated with increased frequency of chromosome CA fetal karyotyping is indicated using either AC or fetal blood sampling depending upon the urgency of the diagnosis fetal echocardiography is mandatory when the ultrasonically detected fetal anomaly is one that is known to be associated frequently with cardiac disease based on the antenatal findings the parents should receive appropriate genetic and perinatal counseling the management plan should always take into consideration the parents wishes management plans for the most common ultrasonically detected fetal anomalies are presented based upon review of the literature and authors experience
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the lowinsulin responding spiny mice acomys cahirinus maintained on a SU diet vs isocaloric regular diet responded with an impressive increase in the activity of hepatic enzymes of glycolysis and lipogenesis and in hyperlipidemia there was no hyperinsulinemia or HG and spiny mice did not gain weight on sucrose due to loss of AT SS t levels rose fold and the activity of the hepatic mitochondrial fadglycerolphosphate oxidase became induced fold representing the enhancement of multiple tdependent energyconsuming metabolic cycles an increased tg lipolysis in AT was also observed B6 obob mice were markedly hyperinsulinemic and gained weight on SU almost as much as those on regular diet without changes in serum gl or insulin serum triglyceride level decreased whereas liver triglycerides accumulated markedly the extent of the increase in hepatic enzyme MICs related to lipogenesis was much lower both in the obob mice and their lean siblings than in spiny mice but the basal enzyme MICs in obob mice were remarkably elevated serum t level was also elevated already on the RD and rose only slightly on SU basal glycerol phosphate oxidase activity in obob mice exceeded that in spiny mice and rose only marginally on sucrose adipose tissue lipolysis was not increased thus sucrose diet by enhancing the t production appeared to activate protective mechanism against WG in normoinsulinemic spiny mice whereas the full expression of these mechanisms appeared to be precluded by the hyperinsulinemia of obob miceabstract truncated at words
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genome wide association studies have identified loci associated with body mass index bmi persons with low birth weight have an increased risk of metabolic disorders we postulate that normal mechanisms of body weight regulation are disrupted in subjects with low birth weight the present analyses included african american women from the black womens AHS and were based on TT data on bmiassociated loci and selfreported data on birth weight weight at age and adult weight we used general linear models to assess the association of individual singlenucleotide polymorphisms snps with bmi at age and later in adulthood within strata of birth weight above and below the median g three snps rs near tmem rs near pcsk and rs in fto and a genetic score combining these three SCV showed significant interactions with birth weight in relation to bmi among women with birth weight g there was an inverse association between genetic score and bmi betacoefficient confidence intervals ci for bmi at age and ci for adult bmi among women with birth weight ⩾ g genetic score was positively associated with bmi betacoefficient ci for bmi at age p for interaction and ci for adult bmi p for interaction because tmem pcsk and fto are highly expressed in the CE nervous system cns our results suggest that lowbirth weight may disrupt mechanisms of cns body weight regulation
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CA risks for ethylene dibromide edb were estimated by fitting several linear nonthreshold additive models to data from a gavage bioassay risks predicted by these models were compared to the observed CA mortality among a cohort of workers occupationally exposed to the same chemical models that accounted for the shortened LP in the gavaged rats predicted upper bound risks that were within a factor of of the observed cancer deaths data from an animal inhalation T0 of edb also were compatible with the epidemiologic data these findings contradict those of ramsey et al who reported that extrapolation from animal data produced highly exaggerated risk estimates for edbexposed workers this paper explores the reasons for these discrepant findings
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intravascular neurosurgery is a new and important technique of minimally invasive surgery the current surgical device however does not provide realistic tactile feedback which makes the T0 a very difficult task and the surgeon must exert extreme caution in order to avoid medical accidents in this paper a novel tactile sensor which is based on polyvinylidene fluoride is developed to measure the pressure on the side wall of the catheter for intravascular neurosurgery the relationship between the input force and the output charge signals is identified based on the composite laminate theory shell theory and linear PZ theory the design mathematical MM interface circuit and calibrating experiment of the tactile sensor are presented in detail with this sensor surgeons will be able to feel the contact force between the side wall of the catheter and the blood vessel experimental results show that the tactile sensor measures the pressure well when it contacts the side wall of blood
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previous studies showed that recombinant homomeric glur receptors are acutely inhibited by ethanol this T0 examined the acute actions of ethanol on recombinant homomeric and heteromeric kainate ka receptors with different S1 configurations application of to mm ethanol produced inhibition of a similar magnitude of both glurq and glurr ka receptordependent currents in xenopus oocytes ethanol decreased the ka emax without affecting the ec and its effect was independent of the membrane holding potential for both of these receptors subtypes ethanol also inhibited homomeric and heteromeric receptors transiently expressed in human embryonic kidney hek cells in these cells the expression of heteromeric glurr subunitcontaining receptors was confirmed by testing their sensitivity to mm alphaaminohydroxymethylisoxazole propionic acid ethanol inhibited to a similar extent kagated currents mediated by receptors composed of either glur or glur ka subunits and to a slightly lesser extent receptors composed of glur ka subunits acute ethanols effects were tested on glur ka receptors that are expressed as homomers glurq or heteromers glurr ka and glurr ka homomeric and heteromeric glur ka receptors were all inhibited to a similar extent by ethanol however there was slightly more inhibition of glurr ka receptors thus recombinant ka receptors with different subunit compositions are all acutely inhibited to a similar extent by ethanol in CS of recent reports that ka receptors regulate neurotransmitter PR and mediate synaptic currents we postulate that these receptors may play a role in acute ethanol intoxication
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our objective was to determine whether beef heifers could be developed by delaying the majority of WG until the last third of the developmental period before the onset of the breeding season springborn angus x hereford heifers were used in each of two consecutive years and were allotted at weaning to gain either kgd for the entire developmental period yr d n yr d n evengain or to gain kgd from d to followed by kgd from d to yr n or d yr n lategain body weights and condition scores were determined at d and yr or d and yr heifers were subjected to a d breeding season frame scores and pelvic areas were determined at the conclusion of the breeding season actual daily gains for evengain heifers for yr and yr were and kgd respectively lategain heifers gained and kgd during the restricted phases from d to followed by and kgd during the accelerated growth phases for yr and respectively body weight at the ON of the breeding season and weight at puberty were not different between treatments in either year age at puberty did not differ in yr but age at puberty in yr was delayed p in lategain d compared to evengain d heifers the lategain and evengain heifers had similar pelvic areas frame scores and body condition scores in each year firstservice conception rates of both groups were similar in yr vs in yr lategain heifers tended p to have an increase in firstservice conception rate compared to evengain heifers vs no treatment differences occurred in either average age of conception or overall pregnancy rates at the conclusion of the breeding season for either year the lategain heifers were developed to a similar bw on p and not statistically significant less feed for yr and respectively compared to evengain heifers we interpret these data to indicate that delaying the majority of WG until late in heifer development may decrease costs without detrimental effects on reproductive performance
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experiments were conducted to evaluate the pulmonary V1 responses of lightly anesthetized clinically healthy male broilers during acute metabolic acidosis induced by bolus iv i.v. or constant iv infusions of hcl in experiment broilers received consecutive ml iv bolus i.v. of mannitol volume control and n n and n hcl in mannitol following each injection equivalent concentrations of mannitol or hcl were infused iv at a rate of mlminkg bw in experiment repeated bolus injections of mannitol and n hcl were po during ongoing constant infusion of mannitol the following variables were evaluated pulmonary arterial pressure pulmonary V1 resistance mean arterial pressure TPR resistance cardiac SO stroke volume heart rate respiratory rate hematocrit hct and arterial blood gas pao paco ph hco mannitol alone did not alter any of the variables the hcl loading protocols acidified the arterial blood to sustained constant infusion or transient bolus injection values averaging between ph and in both experiments bolus i.v. of n hcl caused transient increases in pulmonary V1 resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure coincident with decreases in MAP pressure and cardiac output when hcl was infused at a constant rate in experiment the arterial blood hydrogen ion concentration h was positively correlated with pulmonary arterial pressure and cardiac SO negatively correlated with mean arterial pressure and TPR resistance and was not correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance during constant iv infusion of mannitol or hcl in both experiments pulmonary arterial pressure was positively correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance and cardiac output overall bolus i.v. of n hcl consistently triggered transient pulmonary vasoconstriction increased pulmonary V1 resistance leading to a transient increase in pulmonary arterial pressure in spite of opposing changes in cardiac SO and MAP pressure in contrast equivalent or greater increases in h during constant iv infusion of hcl caused a substantially lower increment in pulmonary arterial pressure which in turn was primarily attributable to increases in cardiac SO rather than pulmonary vascular resistance increments in either pulmonary V1 resistance or cardiac output induced by MA would be expected to contribute to the onset of pulmonary hypertension syndrome phs ascites in broilers
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a new hybrid numericalphysical simulator of the respiratory system designed to simulate spontaneous and artificialassisted ventilation of preterm and FT infants underwent preliminary evaluation a numerical sevencompartmental model of the respiratory system mechanics allows the operator to simulate global and IP one and restriction of the lungs the physical part of the simulator is a pistonbased construction of impedance transformer labview RT software coordinates the work of both parts of the simulator and its interaction with a ventilator using clinical data five CG of artificial infants were examined healthy fullterm infants very lowbirthweight preterm infants successfully vlbw and unsuccessfully extubated vlbwun and extremely lowbirthweight preterm infants without elbw and with BPD elbwbpd PCV was simulated to measure peak inspiratory pressure mean airway pressure total patient ET airway resistance r total dynamic Crs c and total work of PLB by the ventilator wob the differences between simulation and clinical parameters were not significant high rho coefficients between both types of data were obtained for r c and wob γ
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one significant clinical symptom of familial hypobetalipoproteinemia fhbl due to defects in apolipoprotein b apob is steatohepatosis however the increased hepatic fat content in apobrelated fhbl subjects was not associated with glucose intolerance in contrast with what is the case in the metabolic syndrome meanwhile in human subjects with similar apob truncations degree of obesity and insulin sensitivity their liver triglyceride tg contents may vary considerably suggesting that in addition to defective apob other genes may affect the magnitude of hepatic tg accumulation we hypothesized that genetic background affects the severity of hepatic steatosis and the expression of insulin sensitivity to test the hypotheses mouse apobbearing congenies were bred under high medium and low liver triglyceride tg backgrounds using speed congenics approach these mice were fed on RD for weeks their insulin sensitivity SS and CL lipids were assessed the highest CL fat strain balbcbyj accumulated significantly higher tg in the CL under apob heterozygous condition while the lowest CL fat CS swrj had the smallest CL tg change suggesting that the genetic backgrounds affected the hepatic tg responses to the presence of the apob mutation interestingly only the low liver fat CS swrjapob showed significant upward shifts of both glucose tolerance test gtt and insulin tolerance test itt curves neither the glucose nor the insulin tolerance curves were altered in the two cognate congenics with higher liver fat content balbcbyj and cblj thus hepatic tg contents and measures of gl metabolism were dissociated from each other it is tempting to conclude that hepatic tg per se may not be responsible for the insulin resistance seen in fatty CL the geneticmolecular bases for the differences between swrj and the other two strains with respect to their gl metabolic responses to increases in hepatic tg contents remain to be elucidated
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calcific aortic valve disease is a slowly progressive disorder that ranges from mild valve thickening ie aortic sclerosis to severe calcification of valves ie aortic stenosis gene expression profiling analysis of noncalcified controls sclerotic and calcified aortic valves was performed to better understand the progression of calcific AVD the complementary information related to processing and statistical analysis of the dna microarray data is provided in this article interpretation of this data can be found in a research article entitled micrornab and chemokine ccl expression are associated with calcific AVD the microarray data complies with miame guidelines and is deposited in the gene expression omnibus geo DB under accession number gse
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we describe a method which makes it possible to T0 the expression of the trimeric glycoprotein tgp cd on the surface of hairy cells hcs by electron microscopy em the monoclonal antibody mab beract was used to identify the tgp by testing mucosa of the small intestine we found that a prefixation incubation with beract was necessary after isolation with a density gradient beract incubation and fixation the peroxidaseantiperoxidase pap method was used to make the tgp visible the hcs showed a clearly discernible stain on their surface a fairly constant distribution of the tgp and a very good ultrastructural preservation this method makes it possible to demonstrate the tgp or other unfixable antigens by em
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the follow up of pacemaker and defibrillator dependent patients has a significant role for both the DUE of pacing effectiveness and check of hemodynamic advantages about patients quality of life the bulky paper archives are often inaccurate hampering the consultation at present the paper card is the only document which can be utilized to record some data concerning the implant and patient clinical story therefore there is the necessntibeta integrin immunoaffinity column thus upar may laterally associate with integrins of tumor cells when attached to specific extracellular matrix elements to enable directional proteolysis for tumor cell migration and invasion
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mitotic catastrophe mc is induced when stressed cells enter prematurely or inappropriately into mitosis and can be caused by ionizing radiation and anticancer drugs foretinib is a multikinase inhibitor whose mechanism of action is incompletely understood we investigated here the effect of foretinib on chronic myelogenous one cml cell lines either sensitive ims or resistant imr to the IMT kinase inhibitor imatinib foretinib decreased viability and clonogenic potential of ims and imr cml cells as well foretinibtreated cells exhibited increased size spindle assembly checkpoint anomalies and enhanced ploidy that collectively evoked mitotic catastrophe mc accordingly foretinibstimulated cml cells displayed decreased expression of cdk cyclin b and plk in addition foretinib triggered ICE activation that precedes mitochondrial membrane permeabilization accordingly zvadfmk and a caspase sirna abolished foretinibmediated cell death but failed to affect mc indicating that foretinibmediated apoptosis and mc are two independent events anisomycin a jnk activator impaired foretinibinduced mc and inhibition or knockdown of jnk phenotyped its effect on mc moreover we found that foretinib acted as a potent inhibitor of jnk importantly foretinib exhibited no or very little effect on normal IP blood mononuclear cells monocytes or melanocytes cells but efficiently inhibited the clonogenic potential of cd cell from cml patients collectively our data show that the multikinase inhibitor foretinib induces mc in cml cells and other cell lines via jnkdependent inhibition of plk expression and triggered apoptosis by a caspase mediated mechanism this unusual mechanism of action may have important implications for the treatment of CA
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previous studies have strongly but indirectly suggested that rat decidual tissue produces a prolactinlike hormone decidual luteotropin which markedly affects luteal cell CF however it was also found that extracts of decidual tissue do not crossreact with antisera to either rat or ovine prolactin prl the purpose of this study was to determine whether the decidual tissue contains a substance that binds to prl receptors in rat luteal CM and if so to identify quantitate and characterize this molecule with the use of an ovarian radioreceptor assay decidual tissue was induced in day PSP rats by scratching the antimesometrial wall of the uterus it was collected on day and homogenized and extracted DT extracts bound specifically to ovarian prl receptors graded dilutions of the extracts yielded curves that were parallel to the ovine prl standard indicating that decidual luteotropin competes for the same receptor CS on rat luteal membranes to determine the levels of decidual luteotropin throughout pseudopregnancy decidual tissue was obtained on each day between days the prllike activity was detectable in DT as early as day reached a maximum on day and declined thereafter the elution profile obtained from GF of a day DT extract displayed a major component of decidual luteotropin eluting at a vevo ratio of approximately equal to column chromatography indicated that decidual luteotropin corresponds to a protein with a molecular weight of the hormone was heat labile digestible by TR and appears to contain disulfide linkages in summary this study reports the identification quantitation and partial characterization of a prllike hormone produced by the decidual tissue of the rat
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capsicum annuum suspension cell cultures were used to evaluate the effect of cyclodextrins and methyl jasmonate as elicitors of defence responses the induced defence responses included the accumulation of sesquiterpenes and PS and the activation of pathogenesisrelated proteins leading to reinforcement and modification of the cell wall architecture during elicitation and protection cells against biotic stress the results showed that the addition of both cyclodextrins and methyl JA induced the biosynthesis of two sesquiterpenes aromadendrene and solavetivone this response was clearly synergistic since the increase in the C2 of these compounds was much greater in the presence of both elicitors than when they were used separately the biosynthesis of PS was also induced in the combined treatment as the result of an additive effect likewise the exogenous application of methyl jasmonate induced the accumulation of pathogenesisrelated proteins the analysis of the extracellular proteome showed the presence of CAA sequences homologous to pr and ntprplike proteins and class i chitinases peroxidases and the hydrolytic enzymes lexyl and arabinosidases pectinases nectarin iv and leucinrich repeat protein which suggests that methyl JA plays a role in mediating defencerelated gene product expression in c annuum apart from these methyl jamonateinduced proteins other pr proteins were found in both the control and elicited cell cultures of c annuum these included class iv chitinases betaglucanases thaumatinlike proteins and peroxidases suggesting that their expression is mainly constitutive since they are involved in growth OD and defence processes
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the ENS the second BB is an independent nervous system that structurally resembles the first brain AGA rectal distension elicits rectal rr reflex contractions and simultaneous internal anal sphincter rias reflex relaxations that together comprise the defecation reflex the enteric nervous system pelvic SN and lumbar colonic nerves control both reflexes using the STDP of enteric nervous pathways a new therapy for repairing enteric neural dysfunction could be developed in vivo experiments were performed on guinea pigs anesthetized with ethyl carbamate we performed either a lower AR as used for RC without damaging the extrinsic nerves or a resection of a cm segment of distal colon mm orally from the anal verge with subsequent EE one layer anastomosis of the exposed ends the recovery of the defecation reflex was found to be the same in both the rectal transection and distal Tc resection procedures eight weeks after sectioning the intrinsic reflex nerve pathways in the rectum the defecation reflex recovered to control levels accompanied by a regeneration of the reflex pathways the ht receptor agonist mosapride and mgkg significantly p enhanced the recovered defecation reflex at this stage two weeks after local treatment with brainderived neurotrophic factor bdnf gml at the rectal anastomotic site the rias reflex relaxations recovered and some bundles of fine nerve SF were able to be seen interconnecting the oral and anal ends of the MP also surprisingly new neurons were found to have generated from neural stem cells at the anastomotic ends these new neurons had constructed mature enteric neural networks including ganglioniclike structures eight weeks T3 surgery these results revealed the plasticity of enteric SN allowing the proposal of a new therapy for repairing enteric neural dysfunction at least T3 surgery
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fourteen patients with a clinical and histological diagnosis of necrobiosis lipoidica were treated in a doubleblind control T0 with either an aspirin dipyridamole combination or a matching placebo for an week period none of the patients in the aspirin dipyridamole group showed a significant improvement
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previous studies have demonstrated that effortful attempts to secure positive outcomes or avoid negative outcomes produce significant increases in systolic blood pressure sbp diastolic blood pressure dbp and heart rate hr although these effects of AS coping on cardiovascular reactivity are CE in current psychosomatic theories virtually all of the research to date has used impersonal asocial tasks our two studies examined the cardiovascular effects of effortful attempts to influence other people in study male subjects attempting to influence the opinions of their discussion partner to improve their own chances of winning money displayed significantly greater sbp dbp and hr CR in T0 we obtained similar effects on sbp and dbp reactivity in men and women while both preparing an influence attempt and making that attempt furthermore reactivity levels were larger as the magnitude of incentive for successful persuasion increased implications of this interpersonal equivalent of active coping for the OD of cardiovascular disease are discussed
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during the onset of activation in isolated frog muscle fibres the OD of the forcevelocity tv relation was determined by imposing single and double ramp releases the experiments were performed at degrees c or degrees c and at a starting sarcomere length of about micron a velocity and timedependent shortening deactivation was shown to exist during the development of contraction it was found that early during the tetanus rise at submaximal C2 of activation the values of t the steady force exerted by the muscle fibres at any velocity of shortening v lower than v were significantly affected by previous conditioning shortening conditioning shortening at lower speeds led to potentiation of t and at higher speeds to depression both these effects were independent of the amount of shortening and in addition were not present at the tetanus plateau at each given time or ISO tension throughout the tetanus rise the values of t normalized for those determined at the same E/A at the tetanus plateau were found to be inversely correlated with the actual E/A of shortening the slope of this relation a measure of the velocitydependent shortening deactivation decreased exponentially with time attaining in six MF at low temperature of its initial value within ms the results may be explained in terms of a crossbridge MM of contraction by assuming that the rate of development of activation is controlled by the rate of PR of the ca as well as by the velocity at which the muscle MF are allowed to shorten and in turn by the actual number of attached crossbridges
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no previous data are available on the effectiveness of PT management of urinary stress incontinence with relevance to the australian health system
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this chapter about hemorrhagic complications of AC treatment is part of the seventh accp conference on antithrombotic and TT evidence based guidelines bleeding is the major complication of ACT the criteria for defining the severity of bleeding varies considerably between studies accounting in part for the R2 in the rates of one reported the major determinants of vitamin k antagonistinduced bleeding are the intensity of the anticoagulant effect underlying patient characteristics and the length of therapy there is good evidence that vitamin k antagonist therapy targeted international normalized ratio inr of range to is associated with a lower risk of bleeding than therapy targeted at an inr the risk of one associated with iv UF heparin ufh in patients with acute venous TE vte is in recent trials this bleeding risk may increase with increasing heparin dosages and age years low molecular weight heparin lmwh is associated with less L1 one compared with ufh in acute vte ufh and lmwh are not associated with an increase in L1 one in ICM coronary syndromes but are associated with an increase in L1 one in IS information on bleeding associated with the newer generation of antithrombotic agents has begun to emerge in terms of treatment decision making for AC therapy bleeding risk cannot be considered CT ie the potential decrease in thromboembolism must be balanced against the potential increased bleeding risk
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the pc L1 of nerve growth factor ngfresponsive rat pheochromocytoma cells was used as a MM system to determine whether properties of microtubules change during neurite growth and maturation in the absence of ngf pc cells lack processes after several days with ngf pc cells begin extending neurites and by wk with ngf pc cells have long approximately mm highly branched neurites we examined the effect of colchicine on microtubules of pc cells grown without ngf or with ngf for or d pc cells grown under the various conditions were exposed to microm colchicine for or h and were then assayed for their content of polymerized tubulin using a biochemical CA microtubule levels in drugtreated cultures were compared to those in nondrugtreated control sister cultures pc cells grown without ngf or with ngf for d were depleted of mt by h with colchicine in contrast microtubule levels in longterm ngftreated cells exposed to colchicine for h were reduced to only approximately of those in control cells control experiments indicated that the observed differential susceptibility to colchicine was not due to differences in colchicine uptake or to the effects of colchicine on cell viability these observations suggest that MTs of pc cells grown without ngf or with ngf for d differ in their properties such differences may be related to one or more of the changes in structure andor motility that result from treatment with ngf
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sv virus has emerged as a potential cofactor with asbestos in the development of diffuse malignant mesothelioma but its precise role in the pathogenesis of this tumor is unclear sv large t antigen is known to inactivate cellular proteins involved in dna damage and senescence including p and prb we hypothesize that sv oncoproteins will sensitize mesothelial cells to dna damage induced by asbestos or chemotherapeutic agents sv oncoprotein expression in mu mesothelial cell lines enhanced spontaneous and asbestosinduced doublestrand breaks indicated by gammahax foci and potentiated micronucleus formation mesothelial cells exposed to asbestos or bleomycin for h acquired senescentlike morphology and displayed elevated senescenceassociated betagalactosidase activity reduced bromodeoxyuridine brdurd incorporation and reduced colony formation sv oncoprotein expression abrogated the senescent phenotype and transfected cell lines showed an increase in both brdurd incorporation and colony formation after prolonged dna damage murine mesothelial cell lines lacking wildtype p due to a point mutation or gene rearrangement also failed to senesce in response to asbestos or chemotherapeutic agents in addition stressinduced senescence in human mesothelial cell lines was impaired by sv oncoprotein expression meta p si rna or spontaneous p mutation ren these studies suggest that SE to dnadamaging agents can induce senescence in both murine and human mesothelioma cell lines and suggest a major although not exclusive role for p in this response sv virus may contribute to mesothelioma progression by impairing stressinduced senescence in part through p inactivation thereby favoring survival and proliferation of mesothelial cells that have sustained dna damage
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in this T0 S1 heavy chain from sea urchin pluteus larvae was characterized by analysis of a kb cdna clone dna CS of bp demonstrated a similarity in the deduced CAA sequence to the embryonic rat skeletal muscle CS antibodies generated against a polypeptide encoded by the open reading frame of the cdna clone specifically identified a kda myosin protein which accumulated in muscle cells differentiating bilateral to the esophagus beginning at early larval stages this same S1 also accumulated in cells of the endodermal epithelium that comprise the three sphincters of the larval gut thus a gene encoding myosin heavy chain is expressed in dissimilar cell types of the macromere lineage and the pattern of accumulation in the gut identifies functionally distinct cells of the endodermal epithelium
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celltocell movement of poa semilatent virus genus hordeivirus in INF plants is mediated by three viral triple gene block tgb proteins one of those termed tgbp is an integral membrane protein essential for intracellular transport of other tgb proteins and viral genomic rna to plasmodesmata tgbp targeting to plasmodesmataassociated sites is believed to involve an unconventional mechanism which does not employ endoplasmic reticulumderived transport LDV previously tgbp has been shown to contain a composite transport signal consisting of the CE hydrophilic protein region which includes a conserved pentapeptide yqdln and the CT transmembrane segment this study demonstrates that these tgbp structural elements have distinct functions in protein transport the yqdlncontaining region is essential for tgbp incorporation into highmolecularmass protein complexes in transient expression assay formation of such complexes is necessary for entering the tgbpspecific pathway of intracellular transport and protein delivery to plasmodesmataassociated sites in virusinfected plants tgbp is also found predominantly in the form of highmolecularmass complexes when the complexformation function of yqdlncontaining region is disabled by a mutation targeting to plasmodesmataassociated CS can be complemented by a rat peptide capable of formation multimeric complexes the cterminal transmembrane segment is found to be an essential signal of tgbp intracellular transport to IP CS
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a quantitative analysis was carried out on the thalamic ventrobasal vb complex of the cat the following numerical and metrical parameters of the neuronal elements cells and SF were determined volume of nucleus mm total number of neurons total number of SF of medial lemniscus volume of arborization space of one lemniscal fiber x micrometers numerical data of relay neurons and lemniscal fibers and their relations as basic AF in the estimation of the degree of divergence and convergence of lemniscal input were calculated and compared it was found that the probable degree of convergence is fourfold and of divergence fold with regard to the relationship of fibers and cells in the vb the quantitative data obtained in the vb and our considerations on convergence and divergence were compared with analogous values obtained for the lateral geniculate body lgb the differences between the two sensory relay nuclei reflect differences in their modes of impulse transmission
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in this study the dna sorption performance of diatomiteznii embedded supermacroporous monolithic phema cryogels were investigated for the purpose of designing a novel adsorbent that can be utilized for dna purification separation and IA studies such as removal of antidsdna antibodies from systemic lupus erythematosus sle patient plasma polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate phemabased monolithic cryogel column embedded with zndiatomite particles was prepared by free radical cryocopolymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate hema with nnmethylenebisacrylamide mbaam the polymerization reaction was initiated by nnnntetramethylene diamine temed and ammonium persulfate aps pair in an ice bath after thawing the monolithic composite cryogels were used for affinity sorption and then subsequent desorption of dna molecules from AQ solutions diatomite da particles were characterized by xrf and bet method the characterization of composite cryogel was done through sem imaging the effects of ph of the solution initial dna concentration ionic strength temperature and PFR on adsorption were investigated to determine the optimum conditions for adsorptiondesorption experiments the particle embedding procedure was shown to yield significantly enhanced adsorption of dna on the adsorbent furthermore considering its excellent biocompatibility phema cryogels are promising a candidate for further dna sorption studies
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condyloma acuminatum ca is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by human papillomavirus hpv infection previous studies have identified that the occurrence relapse and cancerization of ca is relevant tology they may infiltrate the surrounding neurovascular structures making total removal challenging ectopic recurrences of craniopharyngiomas are very rare we describe an AD patient with ectopic recurrence of craniopharyngioma emphasizing unique features of the case presentation and its physiopathological aspects a yearold male presented with headache and VF defect and was diagnosed with a suprasellar RT he was submitted to neurosurgery and histological examination revealed an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma postoperative magnetic resonance imaging mri showed CR tumor resection the patient remained asymptomatic with no imaging signs of local recurrence during follow up five years T3 surgery the patient noticed a rapidly growing lump at the surgical incision site he reported a mild to moderate local trauma months before a mri showed a subgaleal cystic tumor arising in the pathway of the craniotomy surgical resection of that cystic lesion was performed and histological examination revealed an adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma one year later no recurrences have been detected the case reported has two particular features the local trauma as a potential trigger for RT progression and the rapidly growing DP of the ectopic recurrent tumor we emphasize that although ectopic recurrences of craniopharyngiomas are rare they may occur away from the primary tumor and quite late in the follow up of the patient
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a comparative T0 of elisa protocols was performed for host BM identification in aedes aegypti in the sandwichb elisa which used a combination of heavy and heavylight chain conjugates specificity was improved to such a degree that conjugates no longer required crossadsorption with heterologous sera using the sandwichb CA human blood meals in laboratory reared ae aegypti could be detected longer T3 FF at h and at h than with a direct CA at h efficacy of the sandwichb and direct elisas in field analyses was studied in parallel using field collected mosquitoes from thailand the sandwichb assay was superior DR to the direct CA detection rate and was thus selected as the method of choice for future field studies
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resinmodified glass ionomer cements rmgi are hybrid materials prepared by incorporation of polymerizable components typically hydroxyethyl methacrylate hema with possible addition of multifunctional methacrylates into a conventional acidbase mixture a polymeric acid with powdered calcium fluoroaluminosilicate glasses during setting the photopolymerization process and the acidbase reaction affect each other the aim of this work was to examine the effect of a AQ solution of polyacrylic acid paa and the liquid component of a commercial glass ionomer cement on hema and triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate tegdma photopolymerization
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the use of catheters for TPN frequently leads to infectious complications which are more common and virulent in patients with marrow aplasia the main purpose of this paper was to evaluate the influence in the OD of catheterinduced sepsis of the place where it was introduced in the theatre or hospitalization unit the type of isolation laminar flux unit or conventional room and its relation to the period of isolation and of the TPN nutrition fortyone bonemarrow SPK patients were studied of them autologous and allogenic who were po total parenteral nutrition with a twoway CE A-V polyurethane catheter of the catheters applied were introduced in the operating theater and in the hospitalization unit of these and respectively were INF isolation was as follows in standard rooms and in a laminar flux unit with and infections respectively we believe that the lower level of infections in laminar flux isolation was not significant this being a reduced number of case studies the duration of the catheter and TPN for the patients with sepsis was and days respectively this was greateralbeit possibly not significantly so because of the special characteristics of these patientsthan the and days for nonseptic cases this reveals a catheter sepsis rate of in of cases caused by skin flora microorganisms coagulasenegative staphylococcusabstract truncated at words
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intractable ascites is a rare complication T3 liver transplantation in this T0 the authors report cases of intractable ascites after CL transplantation the authors discuss the etiology of ascites and the place of PVS as a therapeutic option from to liver transplantations were performed in two cases CL transplantation was performed for postvhc LC and giant hemangioma both patients developed intractable ascites and were successfully treated by peritoneovenous shunt the etiologies of ascites T3 CL transplantations are multiple mechanical after V1 complication lymphatic leak T3 surgical dissection metabolic disorder intrahepatic lesion of the VG in our cases the etiology of ascites was intrahepatic lesion of the VG due to vhc infection in the first case and acute rejection in the second PVS is a therapeutic option for the treatment of intractable ascites after CL transplantation its indication should be considered only for isolated intractable ascites without portal hypertension and without liver cell failure after CL transplantation
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a knee injury especially anterior cruciate ligament has recently become more common significantly affecting the life standard there are many factors that cause an injury of the anterior eruciate AL nd one of them is limited range of motion in the hip joint this studyhas been aimed at finding a relationship between the range of motion in the hip joint and the anterior eriiciate AL injury matcrial and methods of male athletes included in the T0 sample in had ruptured knee ACL AL and were without an injury there was no sianificant difference in sex height weight age and time of injury between the two groups
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we have used genomic sequencing aided by ligationmediated pcr lmpcr to CA for methylcytosine in the cpgrich promoter region of the mouse xlinked phosphoglycerate kinase gene pgk earlier studies showed that there was very heavy methylation of cpg dinucleotides in the cpgrich promoter of the human pgk gene on the inactive x chromosome the xi but that these same sites were CR unmethylated on the active x chromosome the xa for mouse pgk previous restriction enzyme analysis had shown apparently complete methylation of only one cytosine in the promoter region on the xi at hpaii site h which is located in the untranslated region nucleotides upstream of the translation stively bullae and blebs formed and membranes peeled finally leaving nonfunctional spheres with smooth surfaces at degrees c granulocytes were irregular spheres less rugose but with numerous MV and nodules veiling was absent phagocytosis initially low progressively declined over h while cell surfaces become smooth some formed blebs but all terminated as nonfunctional spheres with untextured surfaces containing occasional C1 single holes cellular stability estimated from changes in volume distributions and phagocytosis by microfluorescence measurements of yeast and latex particle ingestion were also temperature dependent and paralleled the shape progressions it is concluded that at body degrees c or fever degrees c temperatures PMNL have dynamic membrane surfaces characterized by extensive veiling and high CF at degrees c they are relatively inactive spheres devoid of pseudopodia or veils yet PET at slow rates
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the molecular properties of the major highfrequency antigens ge and ge of the human Ge blood group system were investigated using different alloantibodies from rare ge or ge individuals various modification fractionation or fragmentation products of glycophorins sialoglycoproteins from normal erythrocytes phenotype ge were used in HA inhibition assays the location of the antigens was also studied by blotting of proteins separated by dodecyl sulfate PAGE to nitrocellulose and PCD of bound antibodies by ilabelled PG antige was found to be directed against a region of glycophorin c that surrounds a tryptic cleavage site at position and a similar region of GP d whose structure is not yet known neuac residues probably representing parts of a carbohydrate unit attached to serine of glycophorin c methionine aspartic or glu tryptophan andor Arg residues are involved in the ge epitopes as judged from chemical modification the ge epitopes were found to be located on a tryptic glycopeptide from glycophorin d comprising about aminoacid residues neuac residues attached to serinethreoninelinked OS are involved in the ge determinants using the immunoblotting technique it could also be shown that the new GP in ge cells carries the ge antigen
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the tqq translocation associated with acute myeloid one fuses the amlrunx NT portion located on chromosome to most of the etomtg gene on chromosome various investigators have shown that the F0 product amleto on its own is unable to promote one early studies using transgenic mouse models demonstrated that the direct knockin of the F0 protein expression is embryonic lethal similar to the aml knockout suggesting that amleto has a dominant negative role over aml using the embryonic stem cells generated for such studies we show here that the presence of the fusion product amleto blocks definitive hematopoiesis in vitro as well in both one and two step methylcellulose methods of embryonic SC hematopoietic differentiation however there is a very low occurrence of macrophage colonies similar to the knockin mice that display macrophages in cell cultures of YS derived of this research
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a hybrid bsssvm method for distinguishing between left and right finger movements from the electroencephalogram eeg has been developed support vector machines svm is used to effectively classify the extracted features incorporating blind source separation bss and directed transfer functions dtf this is the basis for a brain computer interface bci we analyzed trials of electrode eeg data from which we TR the classifier and tested our system we demonstrated that by classification of such appropriate features we can reliably distinguish between left and right finger movements
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the introduction of biologics has continuously increased the demand for biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic stratification arthromark a research network funded by the federal ministry of education and research aims to establish such biomarkers for rheumatoid ICA and spondyloarthritides biobanks and previous work on genotyping mRNA and autoreactivity profiling build the basis bioinformatic networks will help to harmonize the investigations and a clinical T0 with modern imaging techniques to characterize the functional relevance of the new biomarkers as effectively as possible to validate the markers for diagnostic application the network aims to expand gradually
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polyvinyl alcohol pval hydrogel networks crosslinked with glutaraldehyde were prepared and their properties as CM examined using a variety of techniques including preparative electrophoresis electroendosmosis eeo was observed and shown to be the result of charges on the membrane and of complexation with borate buffer ions investigation of glutaraldehyde solutions showed acid entities in or formed in glutaraldehyde were responsible for eeo techniques for using glutaraldehyde which minimize eeo are described
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the projections from the ammons horn to the ACh cell CG in the medial septal and diagonal band nuclei were investigated with anterograde tracing of PHA LA combined with ICC PCD of choline AT in the rat tracer i.v. were placed into various fields of the septal and temporal parts of the ammons horn ca these injections revealed differential distributions of PHA leucoagglutininlabeled projections in both the lateral septal area and the medial septumdiagonal band complex in addition to the labeling of dense axonal networks in the lateral septal area significant numbers of arborizing SF were labeled in the medial septal and diagonal band nuclei in particular after tracer i.v. into the fields ca the distributions of the projections to the medial septumdiagonal band complex arising from the septal portion of fields ca and ca are similar in contrast the septal part and temporal portion of field ca project in a topographically differentiated manner to the MS and nuclei of the diagonal band the septal pole of the ammons horn innervates the dorsal and medial parts of the MS nucleus and the anterior and dorsal parts of the vertical limb of the diagonal band axons of the temporal pole of the hippocampus reach the lateral and VP parts of the MS and the intermediate caudal and VP parts of the vertical limb of the diagonal band these results demonstrate direct feedback projections of the ammons horn to the medial septumdiagonal band complex which show a topographic organization mainly as a CF of the septotemporal level of the hippocampus within the MS and diagonal band nuclei the labeled varicosities are formed in close proximity to the cell bodies and dendrites of the cholinergic neurons
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we have identified a novel conserved protein of plasmodium falciparum designated d that is stagespecifically expressed in asexual blood stages of the parasite the predicted open reading frame orf d contains amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of kda and displays a repeat region composed of pentapeptide motives RNA blot analysis with lysates of synchronized blood stage parasites showed that d is highly expressed at the mrna level during schizogony the first NT amino acids of d were expressed in escherichia coli and the purified protein was used to generate antid monoclonal antibodies mabs using total lysates of blood stage parasites and western blot analysis these mabs stained one single band of approximately kda corresponding to the predicted molecular mass of orf d western blot analysis demonstrated further that d is expressed during schizogony declines rapidly in early ring stages and is undetectable in trophozoites d protein is localized in individual merozoites in a distinct area as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence analysis T3 subcellular fractionation d was confined to the pelleted fraction of the parasite lysate and its SE by ALP carbonate buffer treatment indicated that d is not a membraneintegral protein inclusion of certain antid mabs into in vitro cultures of blood stage parasites resulted in considerable reduction in parasite growth the NTD encompassing amino acids is and respectively MZ at the amino acid level between plasmodium knowlesi plasmodium yoelii and p falciparum in summary we describe a novel stagespecifically expressed highly conserved gene product of p falciparum that is recognized by parasite growth inhibitory antibodies
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celiac sprue cs is a glutensensitive enteropathy with many autoimmune features cs involves multiple organs through immune and nonimmune processes and is frequently associated with other autoimmune disorders this article reviews the cooccurrence of cs with autoimmune disorders of the cutaneous nervous endocrine MSK gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems the types of autoimmune disorders associated with cs and the prevalence of cs in other autoimmune disorders are also discussed a brief review of the literature on the potential mechanisms behind these associations and the therapeutic effects of a GFD for autoimmune comorbidities in cs is also provided
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this is a report on the anatomical characteristics of cases of tricuspid atresia three of these cases had a discrepancy between the type of bulboventricular loop dextro and the position of the great arteries the aorta being to the left of the pulmonary i.a. in these a characteristic type of ventricular septal defect located just beneath the tissue of the semilunar valves was found in cases with cardiac dextroversion and juxtaposition of the atrial appendages the great arteries were on the same FC plane and there was a separation between the semilunar and the anterior mitral leaflet one case was associated with a double outlet LV a dmalposition of the great arteries and a bilateral subaortic and subpulmonary conus among the cases with TGA the VVI septal defect was large in only in the analysis of the cases with IN ventricular septa cases or restrictive small and mediumsized ventricular septal defects cases obstructive anomalies of the vessel arising from the RA ventricle were found in these anomalies involved the aorta in cases and the pulmonary i.a. in in the T0 of the cases with a large VVI septal defect obstructive anomalies in the vessel arising from the right ventricle were present in cases and were located in the aorta in case and in the pulmonary i.a. in the other case the cases with intact VS were associated with a hypertrophy of this SP and an absent pulmonary valve in of these cases a third VVI chamber was disclosed within the ventricular septum this chamber communicated with the RA ventricle through a very small opening in of the cases the projection of the dimple the rest of the tricuspid orifice was located either on the ventricular septum or over the left ventricle in the cases with juxtaposition of the atrial appendages there was a positive transillumination of the floor of the right atrium which corresponded to the rest of the tricuspid valve in one case and to the atrioventricular portion of the membranous SP in the other
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a yearold female patient was admitted with a one year PH of lowgrade fever and shortness of breath with worsening PS a computed tomography ct scan of the chest was performed which revealed BL homogenous consolidation with subpleural predominance in the corresponding area the percentage of eosinophils in the BAL lavage bal fluid was and histological examination showed remarkable accumulation of eosinophils and lymphocytes in the alveoli and interstitium with mild interstitial fibrosis the diagnosis of idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia was confirmed intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy mg daily for three days followed by mg of oral prednisolone showed dramatic response she was essentially normal T3 one year follow upcep is characterized by chronic and progressive clinical features and TPS pathological findings we review the epidemiology clinical diagnosis and therapy of the cep
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tongue coating is one of the important foundations of tongue diagnosis in traditional chinese medicine tcm and plays an important role in reflecting the occurrence development and prognosis of the disease however its material basis is still poorly understood in this study a urinary metabonomic method based on gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry gcms was developed the distinct clustering in metabolic profile was observed from group a thick yellow coating in patients with CHB group b thick white coating in patients with CH b and group c thin white coating with healthy humans using orthogonal projections to latent structures opls based on the VL of importance in the project vip values some significantly changed metabolites have been identified these changes were related to the disturbance in energy metabolism CAA metabolism nucleotide metabolism and gut microflora which were helpful to understand the material basis leading to the formation of tongue coating this study demonstrated that tongue coating may have an objective material basis
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the SS LPL d activity and production of lysophosphatidic acid lpa increase in women with pregnancy the effects of lpa on human placenta tissue remained unclear we investigate the expression of lpa receptors and function of lpa in human firsttrimester trophoblasts normal villous trophoblasts were obtained from termination of firsttrimester gestation we examined the expression of lpa receptors in primary SC of trophoblasts and the tissue the effects of lpa on the expressions of chemokines of trophoblasts were examined using rtpcr and enzyme immunoassay we delineate signal pathways of lpainducing relevant chemokines in trophoblasts the secretory chemokines were tested for angiogenic function using human endometrial microvascular endothelial cells and for immunological chemotaxis using decidual A-NK cells and thp monocytes the results revealed the expression of lpa receptors in trophoblast cells lpa enhanced growthregulated oncogene groalpha il and mo chemoattractant protein mcp expressions in a time and dosedependent manner mechanistic dissection disclosed that lpa functioned mainly via the lpa receptor gi protein various signal mediators of erk protein onses ifngamma and il i.t. of HCV antigens in alum led to no enhancement of the cellmediated immune response we conclude that pimme is an efficacious adjuvant for enhancing cellmediated immunity and induces no observable adverse effects
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a female infant born to a mother who had an elevated AFP during early pregnancy presented a combination of EB and ACC she developed evidence of upper gastrointestinal obstruction and died at the age of hours postmortem examination showed the presence of PA and electron microscopy of skin biopsies showed epidermolysis bullosa simplex examination of the placenta revealed a unique abnormality of the membranes indicating the existence of two sacs this case and the previously reported cases which are reviewed suggest an AR inheritance AFP estimation ultrasonography and fetoscopy with skin biopsy are suggested as a means of prenatal diagnosis in future pregnancies
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in a systematic study of gamma activity in neuropsychiatric disease we unexpectedly observed distinctive apparently persistent electroencephalogram eeg spectral peaks in the gamma range hz our objective therefore was to examine the incidence CSD and some of the characteristics of these peaks
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six different rfactors conferring trimethoprim resistance had been isolated from a variety of sources the trimethoprimresistant dihydrofolate reductases ec from strains containing these rfactors were purified by AS precipitation and deaecellulose IEC the enzymes showed no significant differences in molecular weight ph profile ATP profile heat sensitivity inhibition profile and michaelismenten kinetics there was however considerable variation in the specific activity of these enzymes in the same bacterial host when two escherichia coli trimethoprimsensitive dihydrofolate reductases were examined as controls considerable differences between their properties and those of the enzymes mediated by rfactors were detected the data suggest that one trimethoprim resistance gene could be spreading through the bacterial population possibly situated on a transposon
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flying phobia fp might become a very incapacitating and disturbing problem in a persons social working and private areas psychological interventions based on SE therapy have proved to be effective but given the particular nature of this disorder they bear important limitations exposure therapy for fp might be excessively costly in terms of time money and efforts virtual reality vr overcomes these difficulties as different significant environments might be created where the patient can interact with what he or she fears while in a totally safe and protected environmentthe therapists consulting room this paper intends on one hand to show the different scenarios designed by our team for the vr treatment of fp and on the other to present the first results supporting the effectiveness of this new tool for the treatment of fp in a multiple baseline T0
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gammaglobulin treatment was given at a dose of gmkgday intravenously in patients with acute idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura previously untreated resistant to CS and four who were steroid dependent the average platelet increase in hours was greater than microliter the average peak PLT count was microliter eighteen of patients required only one infusion of these never required any additional maintenance therapy outcome in previously untreated and steroidresistant patients was identical however previously UT patients required only gmkg total dose of gammaglobulin whereas steroidresistant patients received gmkg only one SD child of the patients still requires maintenance therapy at week intervals toxicity was minimal cost was minimized by not admitting patients and by giving treatment in one visit rather than five
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the present thesis deals with various aspects of handling coagulasenegative staphylococci cons in the local clinical microbiology laboratory cons are normal inhabitants of the skin and mucus CM and are increasingly being recognised as opportunistic pathogens causing infection in the immunocompromised host in particular patients with indwelling plastic devices in particular the finding of cons in specimens which should normally be sterile such as blood cultures is of interest the isolation of the same CS of an opportunistic pathogen such as cons enhance the likelihood of the bacteria causing infection multiple antibiotic resistance in particular methicillin resistance is frequent among cons hospitalstrains on a global scale betalactam antibiotics are the most valuable antibiotics for the treatment of infection with susceptible cons a reliable method for the detection of methicillin resistance and hereby resistance to all betalactam antibiotics is therefore important a simple ID method minibacts has been developed minibacts can identify the cons species which are the most frequently occurring in human specimens furthermore minibacts can AT1 SE another phenotypic typing method lectin typing has been developed for typing s epidermidis lectin typing involves the IB of various biotinylated lectins to the surface of whole immobilised cells of cons lectins are proteins or glycoproteins which bind specifically to various glycans when the lectins wheat germ agglutinin wga soy bean agglutinin sba concanavalin a cona and lens culinaris agglutinin lca were included typing of s epidermidis gave a discriminatory SP of the same magnitude as found for dnaplasmid profile analysis lectin typing could be used as a supplementary typing method for s epidermidis in the local clinical microbiology laboratory since the method is simple reproducible and does not require expensive and sophisticated equipment various typing schemes for s epidermidis ie typing which involves several typing methods have been tested lectin typing dnaplasmid profile analysis antibiotic susceptibility testing phage typing and slime production lectin typing antibiotic susceptibility testing biotyping minibacts phage typing antibiotic susceptibility testing and biotyping minibacts for use as a first line typing scheme in the local clinical microbiology laboratory the typing of s epidermidis by combined antibiotic susceptibility testing and biotyping is easy to handle antibiotic susceptibility testing should include antibiotics from several groups of antibiotics having different resistance mechanisms antibiotic susceptibility among danish consstrains from blood cultures was studied a major diversity in species CSD and antibiotic susceptibility was found between different danish regions for example methicillin resistant cons accounted for in copenhagen county and only for in RNA jutland county diversity in species CSD was also marked an example of this is that of the strains from copenhagen municipality were identified as s epidermidis compared to only in RNA jutland county in a T0 from rigshospitalet copenhagen great diversity in antibiotic susceptibility was detected between the different wards in four wards investigated high consumption of carbapenems thirdgeneration cephalosporins and quinolones was associated with high prevalence of methicillin resistance furthermore for ciprofloxacin ciprofloxacinresistant consstrains were practically not detected in the neonatal ward where ciprofloxacin is not used in contrast to the nationwide study glycopeptide resistance was found at rigshospitalet of the cons strains were teicoplaninresistant but all strains were vancomycinsusceptible in both the above mentioned studies antibiotic resistance was strongly associated with
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subcommissural organs of young and mature rabbits were analyzed for their content of Arg VT by radioimmunoassay younger animals had significantly greater quantities of this peptide there was no detectable Arg vasopressin or oxytocin in SCO extracts it is concluded that the subcommissural organ represents in addition to the pineal and the fetal NH another significant source of Arg VT in the mammalian CE nervous system
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LD50 studies showed that the ld values of oral alendronate in female animals corresponded to human oral doses of mg in rats and mg in mice ld values in male animals were even higher chronic toxicity studies showed clinically nonrelevant PR of primary spongiosa of bone in Az of endochondral bone formation serum PSA changes reductions in SS concentrations of calcium phosphate and ALP phosphatase and nephrotoxicity of the genotoxicity studies performed showed no evidence of mutagenicity including those most relevant to human carcinogenic potential carcinogenicity studies in rats and mice at maximum tolerated doses showed no increased tumour incidence associated with alendronate treatment alendronate had no effect on fertility or reproductive performance in male or female rats receiving oral doses up to mgkgday no adverse developmental effects were noted at doses up to mgkgday in rats and mgkgday in rabbits alendronate had no deleterious effect on bone strength or morphology the evidence presented in these studies supports the conclusion that alendronate administered to humans at therapeutic doses is a safe drug for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis
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ischemiareperfusion injury T3 central NS cns injury presents a L1 health care challenge with few promising treatments recently it has become possible to reduce edema after cns injury by antagonizing a SU receptor sur regulated ion channel expressed after injury sur upregulation after injury is a necessary precondition for the formation of this channel and has been implicated in white matter injury T3 clinical spinal cord trauma glibenclamide an sur antagonist appears to have neuroprotective effect against cerebral stroke in an openlabel small clinical trial and great effectiveness in reducing damage T3 varied experimental cns injury models despite its importance in cns injuries sur upregulation appears to play no part in rodent anterior ischemic optic neuropathy raion injury as tested by RT pcr and immunohistochemical IF of raioninjured rat optic nerve on furthermore the sur antagonist glibenclamide administered immediately after raion injury provided no protection to PT on microvasculature day postinjury but may reduce optic nerve head edema in a manner unrelated to on sur expression our results suggest that there may be fundamental differences between raion optic nerve ischemia and other cns VWM injuries where sur appears to play a role
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little is known about the RT matrix mineralization of highly sclerotic osteosarcoma we used quantitative BEI qbei to determine the bone mineralization density distribution bmdd of a highly sclerosing OSA of the PT tibia as well as adjacent normal bone of a yearold girl following chemotherapy according to the euramos protocol data were compared to recently published normative reference data for young individuals backscattered electron imaging of the RT region revealed a dense accumulation of mineralized tumor ABM up to of the medullar space the bmdd was shifted tremendously towards higher matrix mineralization camean capeak cahigh fold compared to normal bone additionalle poma and explore its crosssectional and longitudinal construct validity for use in people early T3 stroke
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chronic obstructive pulmonary disease copd is characterized by progressive airflow limitation cardiovascularrelated comorbidities are established to contribute to morbidity and mortality especially during exacerbations the aim of the current study was to determine alterations in hemorheology erythrocyte aggregation deformability in newly diagnosed copd patients and their response to medical treatment and to compare with values of copd patients with exacerbations
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a recently developed rf echo planar imaging method has been modified to rapidly generate spectroscopic information along one inplane axis and spatial information along the other the method allows the production of onedimensional CS images d csis in acquisition times of sec or less a TPS phaseencodereordering algorithm provides convenient manipulation of t weighting yielding partial suppression of short t species like muscle water the method is demonstrated in phantoms and in vivo with d csis of human brain and limbs abnormal fat CSD is demonstrated in the calf of a patient with aggressive fibromatosis the advantages of short acquisition times obtainable with sirfen are offset by limited spectral resolution suggesting that primary applications will be confined to rapid spatial mapping of major spectral components
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spontaneous rupture of the main PT is a very uncommon complication of severe pulmonary hypertension the condition manifests as SD or cardiogenic shock usually diagnosed postmortem we report the case of a yearoldwomen with severe pulmonary hypertension and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia among other diseases evaluated due to severe epistaxis initial evaluation was performed and during observation the patient developed sudden CD autopsy revealed rupture of the main pulmonary trunk as the cause of death
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for people living with chronic disease decisionmaking in relation to their health and lifestyle choices is an integral aspect to managing the complexity that living with chronic disease brings into their lives research findings reveal that people living with chronic disease can selfreport what may seem to be appropriate explanations for their health status and seem to be in coical role in gastrointestinal CF the role of the small conductance caactivated k sk channel in ach PR was examined using myenteric plexus S9 of guinea pig ileum apamin an inhibitor of the sk channel significantly enhanced nicotineinduced ach PR but neither EFS nor hydroxytryptamineinduced ach PR suggesting that sk channels might be selectively involved in the regulation of nicotineinduced ach release therefore we investigated the distribution of sk and sk subunits and the interaction between sk channels and nicotinic ach receptors nachrs in the guinea pig ileum the immunoreactivity of sk subunits was located in enteric neuronal cells furthermore skimmunoreactive cells stained with an antibody for choline AT a marker for cholinergic SN and with an antibody for the alpha subunits of nachr in contrast immunoreactivity of sk subunits was not found in enteric SN a coimmunoprecipitation assay with triton xsoluble membrane fractions prepared from the ileum revealed an association of the sk subunit with the alpha subunits of nachr these results suggest that sk channels negatively regulate the excitation of enteric SN via functional interactions with nachrs
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the effect of carbon ion radiotherapy on hypoxic PT has recently been questioned because of low LET let values in the spreadout bragg peak sobp the aim of this study was to investigate the role of hypoxia and local oxygenation changes locs in fractionated carbon ion radiotherapy threedimensional tumors with hypoxic subvolumes were simulated assuming interfraction locs different fractionations were applied using a clinically relevant treatment plan with a known let distribution the surviving fraction was calculated taking oxygen tension dose and let into account using the repairableconditionally repairable rcr damage MM with parameters for human salivary gland RT cells the clinical oxygen enhancement ratio oer was defined as the ratio of doses required for a RT control probability of for hypoxic and welloxygenated tumors the resulting oer was well above unity for all fractionations for the hypoxic RT the RT control probability was considerably higher if locs were assumed rather than static oxygenation the beneficial effect of locs increased with the number of fractions however for very low fraction doses the improvement related to locs did not compensate for the increase in TD required for RT control in conclusion our results suggest that hypoxia can influence the outcome of carbon ion radiotherapy because of the nonnegligible oxygen effect at the low lets in the sobp however if locs occur a relatively high level of RT control probability is achievable with a C1 range of fractionation schedules for PT with hypoxic subvolumes but both hyperfractionation and hypofractionation should be pursued with caution
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a patient with skeletal class iii malocclusion was treated in phases during the early permanent dentition in phase maxillary protraction was combined with rapid palatal expansion in phase fixed appliances were placed the results were good posttreatment and year later a favorable growth tendency could be observed this report shows that treatment for a patient with skeletal class iii malocclusion can be started in the early permanent dentition with very good final results
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transesophageal T0 was used for diagnosis and treatment of episodes of tachycardia in patients with CR TGA who had undergone atrial baffle procedure at the time of atrial baffle procedure patients were to months old mean ART to episodes per patient first occurred to days patients or to years patients after atrial baffle transesophageal study was performed using a BP silicone rubbercoated catheter ART conversion was accomplished with stimulation bursts using to stimuli ms in duration at to ma and an interstimulus interval of to ms less than the atrial cycle length all ART episodes had regular atrial cycle lengths ranging from to ms in patients seconddegree atrioventricular av block was observed during tachycardia suggesting primary AT however in patient occurrence of av block always resulted in ART termination suggesting the presence of av reentrant tachycardia transesophageal stimulation converted of ART episodes to sinusjunctional rhythm ten ART episodes in patients were trann being eliminated with halftimes of to hr within hr after the end of SE all rat tissues retained a substantial amount of c that was associated with volatile material to of the total c in tissues that was probably butadiene andor metabolites a similar observation was noted in mouse liver the only tissue of mice examinedabstract truncated at words
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during orthodontic tooth movement otm AM bone is resorbed by osteoclasts in compression sites cs and is deposited by osteoblasts in tension sites ts the aim of this study was to develop a standardized otm protocol in mice and to investigate the expression of bone resorption and deposition markers in cs and ts an orthodontic appliance was placed in cblj mice to define the ideal orthodontic force the molars of the mice were subjected to forces of n n n and n the expression of mediators that are involved in bone remodeling at cs and ts was analyzed using a realtime pcr the data revealed that a force of n promoted optimal otm and osteoclast recruitment without root resorption the C2 of tnfα rankl mmp and opg were all altered in cs and ts whereas tnfα and cat k exhibited elevated levels in cs runx and ocn levels were higher in ts our results suggest that n is the ideal force for otm in mice and has no side effects moreover the expression of bone CR markers differed between the compression and the tension Az potentially explaining the distinct cellular migration and differentiation patterns in each of these CS
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the pathogenesis of heart disease has been associated with changes in the balance of certain trace elements the aim of this T0 was to evaluate the zn fe cu cr ni pb and cd contents in scalp hair samples of myocardial infarction mci patients hospitalized in the cardiac ward of national hospital in hyderabad city pakistan scalp hair samples were collected from patients male female of age CG and yr for a comparative study normal healthy subjects male female of the same age CG residing in the same city were selected all metals in scalp hair samples were assessed by a flame graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer prior to microwaveassisted and conventional wet acid digestion methods results were calculated in micrograms per gram the mean values of fe and zn of scalp hair samples of mci patients were significantly reduced compared to the control subjects of both genders the mean fe concentrations in male patients were and vs and for the control patients in the three age groups and yrs respectively the mean zn concentration in male patients were and microgg vs and microgg for the control group p and in all three age groups respectively these differences were also observed in the female T0 groups the mean values of pb cd and ni were significantly high in patients compared to healthy subjects mean pb in male patients and those of female patients were and vs the male controls patients and and female controls and for all three age CG respectively the concentration of ni and cd in the scalp hair samples of the HR patients of both sexes were significantly higher compared to the control in the case of ni the range of significant difference for males was found to be p and for females to be p and significantly high concentration of cd were observed in hair samples of patients than in controls in the range for males p and in females p the zncu and zncd ratios in the scalp hair p of the diseased CG were significantly lower than that of the healthy CG deficiency of essential trace metals and high level of toxic metals might play a role in the development of HR disease in the subjects of this T0 toxic metals might also cause diminished absorption of essential elements
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linked birthinfant death data from the national center for health statistics nchs for the us birth cohort the latest year for which linked data were available were evaluated in order to assess the contribution of birth defects to infant mortality among racialethnic groups of the singleton infant deaths with specified birth weight born to us residents birth defects were listed as an underlying cause of death for infants and as a contributing cause of death for an additional infants IM rates due to birth defects were highest among american indians deaths LB followed by asians and hispanics and blacks proportional mortality due to birth defects varied among racialethnic CG it was greatest among asians followed by whites hispanics american indians and blacks also IM rates due to birth defects were high among minority infants of low birth weight particularly among those born weighing between and g within this group of infants proportionalwas demonstrated but only a weak upregulation was found in the tpa cells by the ohd treatment no L1 changes were found in cmyc mrna levels by the ohd treatment despite inhibition of cell growth the steadystate level of cmyc mrna was slightly induced mean in the cl cells compared to control cells in the transformed cells no consistent NC of the cmyc level was found in contrast to earlier reports we did not find any rho between the ohd receptor and cmyc level nor did we find any decrease of cmyc mrna by ohd treatment in the cht fibroblasts
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a yearold man presented with hematemesis and HS was transported to our institution computed tomographic examination suggested a pseudoaneurysm formed by one from aortoesophageal fistula aef we planned staged operations at first in an emergent operation VG replacement of descending aorta was performed under partial CP bypass by left thoracotomy approach aef was mm in diameter and existed inside of normaldiameter and nonaneurysmal aortic intima aef orifice into PA was closed with aortic wall and was sutured tightly next day gastrointestinal fiberscopy was performed and penetrating ulcer was found at lower esophagusto prevent L3 complications the nd T0 subtotal esophagectomy C2 esophagostomy gastrostomy and tube ileostomy were performed by RA thoracotomy approach post operative course was uneventful two months later rd T0 cervical esophagogastric anastomosis was performed uneventfully two years and four months elapsed and no evidences of infection and formation of pseudoaneurysm were observed
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congenital cytomegalovirus cmv infection is the most common vertically transmitted disease with the rate of the infection ranging from to in P0 infants congenital cmv infection causes multiorgan affection but the most severe and permanent sequelae are those affecting central nervous system such as mental retardation CBF palsy sensorineural hearing loss chorioretinitis and seizures as a result of direct interference of the virus with neurogenesis the time of acquiring infection is strongly connected to the level of childs disability infection in early pregnancy results in severe neurological sequelae while later infection has less prominent signs radiological findings show connection between onset of infection and BB imaging from lissencephaly pachygyria polymicrogyria schizencephaly calcification cerebellar hypoplasia andor hypoplasiaagenesis of CC as a result of an early infection to VWM CA including disturbed myelination as a result of a late infection we present nine patients with proven congenital cmv infection and malformations of cortical development and their computed tomographymagnetic resonance ctmri findings along with clinical assessments according to ctmri results we assume that two of our children with lissencephaly had an early onset of infection the other seven with less severe cortical dysplasia in form of pachypolymicrogyria were probably infected later cerebellar hypoplasia andor calcifications in our patients also confirm an early onset of infection developmental outcome in all of our children was poor moderate to severe psychomotor retardation has been diagnosed in all children five of them have developed CP four have BL spastic and one dyskinetic and one is estimated to have minor motor dysfunction seven out of nine developed epilepsy chorioretinitis was found in three of them and sensorineural deafness in two of them all of our children except one were presented by symptomatic infection yet only four of them were recognized at birth therefore congenital cmv infection should be considered as one of the reasons for childhood disability more often
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the mexican institute of social security imss provides a package of health economic and social benefits to workers employed in private firms within the formal labour market and to their economic dependants affiliates have a right to these benefits only while they remain contracted thus posing a risk for the continuity of healthcare this T0 evaluates the association between the time in days without the RA to healthcare due to job loss in the formal labour market and the SQ of healthcare and clinical outcomes among imss affiliates with type diabetes mellitus tdm
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pyrrolizidine alkaloids pas are among the most potent NK toxins occurring in a broad spectrum of plant species from various families recently findings of considerable contamination of teasherbal infusions prepared from nonpa plants have been reported these are obviously due to crosscontamination with minor amounts of pa plants and can affect both food and herbal medicines another source of human exposure is honey collected from pa plants these findings illustrate the requirement for a comprehensive risk assessment of pas hampered by the enormous number of different pa congeners occurring in nature up to now risk assessment is based on the carcinogenicity of certain pas after chronic application to rats using the sum of detected pas as dose metric because of the welldocumented large structuredependent differences between subgroups of pa congeners with respect to their genotoxicity and cytotoxicity however this procedure is inadequate here we provide an overview of recent attempts to assess the risk of pa SE and the available literature on the toxic effects and potencies of different congeners based on these considerations we have derived interim relative potency rep factors for a number of abundant pas suggesting a factor of for cyclic diesters and openchain diesters with s configuration of for monoesters with s configuration of for openchain diesters with r configuration and of for monoesters with r configuration for noxides we suggest to apply the rep factor of the corresponding pa we are confident that the use of these values can provide a more scientific basis for pa risk assessment until a more detailed experimental analysis of the potencies of all relevant congeners can be carried out
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this T0 was conducted to compare the MIC concentrations mics for enrofloxacin lincomycin tetracycline tiamulin and tylosin of mycoplasma hyosynoviae isolated from pigs at notably different intervals and each group comprised low passage isolates and a danish REF strain m and the type CS s mics were determined in liquid medium with both initial and final readings enrofloxacin LCM tetracycline and tiamulin were active against all isolates and tiamulin showed the highest activity for tylosin all the isolates from were highly susceptible whereas the isolates from could be divided into a highly susceptible nine isolates and relatively resistant isolates group this difference between old and new strains was statistically significant p the remaining agents enrofloxacin lincomycin tiamulin and tetracycline showed an unaltered good activity against m hyosynoviae the resistance to tylosin seems now to occur so often that this antibiotic cannot be recommended for therapeutic use any more the most probable explanation for the emergence of resistance is the intensive use of tylosin during many years for therapy and growth promotion
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this article reviews two of the major methodologies applied to estimation of the number of heroin abusers survey research methods and the CR technique the main focus of the paper is to show the flexibility of the capturerecapture RPA in handling not only the dependence of samples of heroin users but also the nonhomogeneity of sampling probabilities allowing estimation in populations which are mixtures of qualitatively different heroin user types models with these features are illustrated using both simulated and real heroin abuse data
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the establishment of the estimated date of confinement edc is an essential PE in the care of pregnant women unfortunately accurate information on the last menstrual period the usual determinant of edc is not always available or clinical estimations of gestational age may be discrepant prior studies have demonstrated that an average of several clinical examinations can provide a useful prediction of edc we have developed a simple basic computer program which allows the clinician to input up to clinical examinations and determines the average edc based on the clinical dates the program displays the edc for each individual examination which provides an indication of the dispersion or discrepancy among the examinations average intervals to delivery date from the occurrence of clinical estimators of gestation are based on observed data at our institution and can be easily modified to fit local norms
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the socalled atsignal described here is a transient lightinduced increase of the nearinfrared scattering from isolated bovine rod outer segments ros freshly prepared ros are permeabilized with triton x immediately before measurement in the presence of mm gtp the signal amplitude is saturated when approximately rhodopsin molecules out of are photoexcited the signal recovers rapidly approximately s and can be repeated in a succession of flashes the atsignal can be prevented by preactivation of the phosphodiesterase pde enzyme cascade at various C2 either at the level of gprotein using alf in darkness or gtp gamma s plus light or at the level of the pde catalytic unit using protamine as an activator the light sensitivity and kinetics of the atsignal are similar to published parameters of pde activation these data suggest that lightinduced activation of the pde is the key reaction for the generation of the signal on the other hand blocking of the catalytic cgmp IB site by isobutylmethylxanthine only slightly affects the signal we propose that the atsignal reflects a structural change linked to the transient removal of the pde GABA S1 from the catalytic unit
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the activation of docosahexaenoic acid by rat brain microsomes was studied using an assay method based on the extraction of unreacted cdocosahexaenoic acid and the insolubility of cdocosahexaenoylcoa in heptane this reaction showed a requirement for atp coa and mgcl and exhibited optimal activity at ph in the presence of dithiothreitol and when incubated at degrees c the apparent km values for atp microm coa microm mgcl microm and cdocosahexaenoic acid microm were determined the presence of bovine serum Al or triton x in the incubation medium caused a significant decrease in the km and vm values for cdocosahexaenoic acid the enzyme was labile at degrees c t min and degrees c t min and lost of its activity after freezing and thawing the transition temperature tc obtained from arrhenius plot was degrees c with the E(a) of kjmol between degrees c and degrees c and kjmol between degrees c and degrees c cpalmitic acid activation in rat BB and liver microsomes showed apparent km values of microm and microm respectively with v values of and nmol x min x mg protein the presence of triton x in the incubation medium enhanced the v value of the liver enzyme fourfold without affecting the km value brain palmitoylcoa synthetase on the other hand showed a decreased km value in the presence of triton x with unchanged v the tc obtained were degrees c and degrees c for brain and liver enzyme with an apparent activation energy of and kjmol below and above tc for brain enzyme and and kjmol for liver enzyme the similar results obtained for the activation of DHA and palmitate in brain microsomes suggest the possible existence of a single longchain acylcoa synthetase the differences observed in the activation of palmitate between BB and CL microsomes may be due to organ differences HFA competition studies showed a greater inhibition of labeled docosahexaenoic and palmitic acid activation in the presence of unlabeled unsaturated fatty acids the ki values for unlabeled DHA and AA were microm and microm respectively for the activation of cdocosahexaenoate in contrast the competition of unlabeled saturated fatty acids for activation of labeled docosay the gammaaminobutyric acid receptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide bmi was used to explore the role of endogenous medullary gabaergic mechanisms in the neural control of circulation in urethaneanesthetized rats microinjections of the neuroexcitatory amino acid lglutamate ngsite were used to functionally identify rostral VL vasopressor neuron pools vlpa and caudal VL vasodepressor neuron pools vlda the bilateral microinjection of bmi into the VL vasodepressor neuron pool caused a doserelated ngsite decrease in blood pressure bp PP and heart rate hr maximum decreases in bp and hr were mm hg and beatsmin respectively in the vlpa bmi caused a doserelated ngsite increase in bp hr and PP maximum increases in bp and hr were mm hg and beatsmin respectively in the vlpa bmi also caused a increase in the 2VO response and a reduction in the aortic depressor nerve response it seems plausible that gabaergic mechanisms in both the caudal and rostral ventrolateral medulla are tonically involved with the maintenance and reflex regulation of vasomotor activity medullary gammaaminobutyric acid may provide a reciprocal inhibition between rostral V1 and caudal vasodepressor neuron pools
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spinal motor neurons are one of the few classes of SN capable of regenerating axons following axotomy injuryinduced expression of neurotrophic factors and corresponding receptors may play an important role in this rare ability a wide variety of indirect data suggests that ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha may critically contribute to the regeneration of injured spinal motor SN we used immunohistochemistry in situ hybridization and VA tracing techniques to study the regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha in axotomized sciatic motor neurons ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha immunoreactivity detected with two independent antisera is increased in a subpopulation of caudal sciatic motor neuron soma one two and six weeks after sciatic nerve transection and reattachment while no changes are detected at one day and weeks postlesion ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha messenger rna C2 are augmented in the same classes of SN following an MZ lesion suggesting that increased synthesis contributes at least in part to the additional ciliary neurotrophic factor CD25 protein separating the PT and distal nerve stumps with a plastic barrier does not noticeably affect the injuryinduced change in ciliary neurotrophic factor CD25 regulation thereby indicating that this injury response is not dependent on signals distal to the lesion traveling retrogradely through the nerve or signals generated by axonal growth through the distal nerve the prolonged increases in ciliary neurotrophic factor CD25 protein and messenger rna found in reg sciatic motor SN contrast with the responses of nonregenerating CE neurons which are reported to display at most a shortlived increase in ciliary neurotrophic factor CD25 messenger rna expression following injury the present data are the first to demonstrate in vivo neuronal regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor CD25 protein in response to injury moreover they suggest that the ability of a subpopulation of spinal motor neurons to regulate ciliary neurotrophic factor CD25 levels in response to injury may play a role in their survival and axonal regeneration consistent with such a role we also find relatively high and probably elevated C2 of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha immunoreactivity in reg axons
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it is well known that oxygen enhances the EC50 of free radical epr probes through spin lattice and heisenberg spinspin interactions with consequent effect on the L1 height and width the two relaxation processes have opposing effects on the signal heights and depend on the concentration of oxygen the incident microwave power and the presence of other paramagnetic species during epr studies of chemical biochemical and cellular processes involving FRs molecular oxygen has significant magnetic influence on the epr signal intensity of the free radical species under investigation in addition to affecting the rates of production of the primary species and the stability of the spin adduct nitroxides these effects are often overlooked and can cause artifacts and lead to erroneous interpretation in the present T0 the effects of oxygen and ferricyanide on the epr signal height of SD and persistent spin adduct nitroxides at commonly employed microwave powers were examined the results show that under commonly adopted epr spectrometer instrumental conditions artifactual changes in the epr signal of spin adducts occur and the best way to avoid them is by keeping the oxygen level constant using a gaspermeable cell
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