text
listlengths 3
270
| source
stringclasses 1
value |
|---|---|
[
[
"List of awards and nominations received by Tyne Daly"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Tyne Daly at the Tribeca Film Festival in 2009 This article is a ''' ''List of awards and nominations received by Tyne Daly'' '''Tyne Daly is an American actress known for her roles on the stage and screen.",
"She received numerous accolades including six Primetime Emmy Award nominations for her roles on the CBS police drama ''Cagney & Lacey'', the CBS period series ''Christy'' and the CBS legal drama ''Judging Amy''.",
"She also received nominations for five Golden Globe Awards and two Screen Actors Guild Awards.",
"Known also for her theatre work she received a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her Broadway role in ''Gypsy'' (1990).",
"She was Tony-nominated for her roles in ''Rabbit Hole'' (2006), and ''Mothers and Sons'' (2014).",
"She also received a Drama Desk Award and Outer Critics Circle Award as well as a nomination for a Drama League Award."
],
[
"Major associations",
"=== Emmy Awards ===Primetime Emmy Awards Year Category Nominated work Result Ref.",
"1978 Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy or Drama Special ''Intimate Strangers'' 1983 Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series ''Cagney & Lacey'' 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1992 Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series ''Wings'' 1995 Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series ''Christy'' 1996 2000 Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series ''Judging Amy'' 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 === Golden Globe Awards === Year Category Nominated work Result Ref.",
"1983 Best Actress in a Drama Series ''Cagney & Lacey'' 1984 1985 1986 1994 Best Supporting Actress - Television ''Christy'' === Screen Actors Guild Awards === Year Category Nominated work Result Ref.",
"2001 Outstanding Actress in a Drama Series ''Judging Amy'' 2004 === Tony Awards === Year Category Nominated work Result Ref.1990 Best Actress in a Musical ''Gypsy'' 2006 Best Featured Actress in a Play ''Rabbit Hole'' 2014 Best Actress in a Play ''Mothers and Sons''"
],
[
"Theatre Awards",
"=== Drama Desk Awards === Year Category Nominated work Result Ref.1990 Outstanding Actress in a Musical ''Gypsy'' 2014 Outstanding Actress in a Play ''Mothers and Sons'' 2015 Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical ''It Shoulda Been You'' === Drama League Awards === Year Category Nominated work Result Ref.2015 Outstanding Performance ''It Shoulda Been You'' === Outer Critics Circle Awards === Year Category Nominated work Result Ref.1990 Outstanding Actress in a Musical ''Gypsy'' 1998 Outstanding Solo Performance ''Mystery School'' 2012 Outstanding Actress in a Play ''Master Class'' 2014 ''Mothers and Sons'' 2015 Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical ''It Shoulda Been You''"
],
[
"Miscellaneous accolades",
"=== Independent Spirit Awards ===* 2018 - Best Supporting Female - ''A Bread Factory, Part One'' - nominee=== Satellite Awards ===* 2001 - Best Actress in a Drama Series - ''Judging Amy'' - nominee === TV Guide Awards ===* 2000 - Favorite Actress in a New Series - Judging Amy - winner* 2001 - Best Actress in a Drama Series - Judging Amy - nominee"
],
[
"Honorary awards",
"* 1995: Received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame* 2002: Awarded the Women in Film Lucy Award in recognition of her excellence and innovation in her creative works that have enhanced the perception of women through the medium of television* 2011: Inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame* 2017: Awarded the Gingold Theatrical Group Golden Shamrock Award"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"The Toothpaste Millionaire"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''The Toothpaste Millionaire''''' is a children's novel by the American writer Jean Merrill, illustrated by Jan Palmer and first published by Houghton Mifflin in 1972.It is one of Merrill's most popular books.",
"The story takes place in East Cleveland, Ohio and tells the tale of an ingenious adolescent who develops a less expensive brand of toothpaste and how he and his middle-school aged friends work together to form a successful company.",
"Merrill stated that Rufus was \"her type of hero\" not because he became rich but because he was smart and resourceful."
],
[
"Plot",
"The story is set in the city of East Cleveland, Ohio, where Rufus Mayflower, a sixth-grader, decides the price of the toothpaste his mother has sent him to purchase is too expensive.",
"He decides to take matters into his own hands by first formulating and then starting a small business to produce and sell toothpaste at a more affordable price.The entire book is narrated by Kate MacKinstrey, who has recently moved to the city from Connecticut, and makes friends with Rufus at the beginning of the school year.",
"Together, Kate and Rufus experiment with various ingredients, mixing and testing until they create a toothpaste recipe that is not only effective but also economical.",
"The duo sets up a small production operation in Rufus's basement and begins selling their toothpaste to friends, family, and eventually the entire town.",
"Their endeavor expands as Rufus issues stock, finds a proper factory and hires an adult employee, named Hector, to help manage operations.",
"As their business, which they name \"Toothpaste,\" gains national success, the young entrepreneurs face challenges from established toothpaste manufacturers who feel threatened by the competition.",
"This leads to legal battles and moments of tension, including disaster when criminal elements detonate an explosive in the Toothpaste factory.",
"Once Rufus has made his million, he retires from toothpaste manufacture, announcing he will spend the summer before his eighth grade year riding his bike to North Carolina to visit his grandmother.",
"''The Toothpaste Millionaire'' is not just a tale of financial success but also a story of friendship, creativity, and determination.",
"It highlights the potential of young minds to make a difference and challenge the status quo.",
"The novel encourages readers to think critically about economic principles and also the pitfalls of consumerism."
],
[
"ABC After School Special",
"In 1974 ''The Toothpaste Millionaire'' was adapted into an ABC After School Special starring Tierre R. Turner as the 12 year-old inventor Rufus Mayflower.",
"The script was adapted by Ronald Rubin and the film directed by Richard Kinon and the show was produced by The Great American Film Factory and Viacom.",
"The adaptation was called \"almost unrecognizable\" by those who had favorably reviewed the book."
],
[
"Awards",
"1976: Dorothy Canfield Fisher Children's Book Award.1977: Sequoyah Book Award Children's Award Winner"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Archbishop Loayza National Hospital"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Archbishop Loayza National Hospital''' (, '''HNAL''') is a public hospital located in Lima, Peru.",
"It is administered by the Ministry of Health.",
"It was founded by the first archbishop of Peru, Gerónimo de Loayza in 1549 as '''Saint Anne's Hospital''' (), which provided health services to the indigenous population and poor women.",
"At the beginning of the 20th century, the Charity of Lima began the construction of its current premises on Alfonso Ugarte Avenue."
],
[
"History",
"===Background===The most distant predecessor of the current Loayza Hospital is the ''Hospital Santa Ana de los Naturales'' or ''Nuestra Señora de Santa Ana'', the oldest hospital in Lima.",
"This was founded in 1549 by the first archbishop of Peru and America, Jerónimo de Loayza.",
"At that time it was located in the small square of the same name, adjacent to the parish church of Santa Ana, in the city of Lima, capital of the Viceroyalty of Peru (currently along Jirón Antonio Miró Quesada, in the Cercado de Lima).Like the hospitals of San Andrés, San Bartolomé and the Refugio de Incurables, this colonial hospital was of the cloister type.",
"Its purpose was to provide care to poor people of both sexes, mostly indigenous people affected by diseases brought by the Spanish during the conquest.",
"From its beginnings, the hospital also cared for enslaved African blacks.",
"Archbishop Loayza himself died in 1575 in a small room in the hospital and was buried in the patio of the premises, until his remains were later transferred to the crypt of the Cathedral of Lima.",
"The brotherhoods of mercy and charity were in charge of its administration, founded in 1559 following a plague epidemic that devastated the country.",
"In 1732 the hospital came to be administered by the Bethlemites.Once the Republic of Peru was established, the Santa Ana hospital became a military hospital, by decree of Simón Bolívar (1824), who confirmed a decree in the same sense given by José de San Martín.",
"During the government of Andrés de Santa Cruz it ceased to have that function (1836).In 1841, under the second government of Agustín Gamarra, the hospital became dedicated to the exclusive care of women of low economic resources.",
"This occurred as a result of the closure of the Women's Hospital of Santa María de la Caridad, where the Lima Maternity House had operated since 1830, whose patients were transferred to the Santa Ana hospital.The hospital housed the Lima Maternity Hospital from 1841 to 1857, and from 1881 to 1925., a doctor from the University of San Marcos, enabled an area of the hospital as a surgical room for gynecological teaching.",
"This room, known as the Las Mercedes Room, was the first modern operating room in Peru.",
"In this, modern surgical techniques were applied, with emphasis on sterilization methods and surgical asepsis.",
"On August 17, 1898, Carvallo taught the first gynecology class taught in Peru at the Santa Ana hospital.Already considered a historical relic, the Santa Ana Hospital operated until 1925, when it was closed, being replaced by a more modern hospital built on Alfonso Ugarte Avenue.",
"On part of the extensive land occupied by the old Santa Ana Hospital, the Lima Maternity Building, currently the National Maternal Perinatal Institute, was later built.===Current building===The Santa Ana Hospital was run by the Charity of Lima.",
"In 1902, because its facilities were deteriorating, so the construction of a modern hospital was decided as its replacement, to be built on land owned by the organisation located on Alfonso Ugarte Avenue, near Plaza Dos de Mayo, in the historic centre of Lima.",
"The Supreme Resolution that approved its construction was given on January 27, 1905, under the first government of José Pardo y Barreda.",
"For this purpose, an executive committee of social and hospital assistance was established, chaired by the doctor and philanthropist Augusto Pérez Araníbar, the true promoter of the work.",
"In 1912, the French architect Claude Sahut was commissioned to design the new building, and the project won the gold medal at the International Hygiene Exhibition.",
"For economic reasons, only the perimeter wall and some foundations could be built from this design.The construction of the hospital began on May 25, 1915, under the first government of Óscar R. Benavides, who laid the first stone.",
"At that time, the site was the limit of the city, on the route of the former Walls of Lima, demolished in 1871.It was inaugurated after a significant delay on December 11, 1924, under the government of Augusto B. Leguía, being baptized with the name of the Arzobispo Loayza Women's Hospital, in honor of its colonial founder.",
"All staff and equipment from the old Santa Ana hospital were transferred to the new headquarters.",
"The administration was left to the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul.",
"Its first administrative superior was Sister Rosa Larrabure, who carried out important social work; She was also the first director of the National School of Nursing.",
"The first medical director of the hospital was the surgeon Juvenal Denegri.Like its predecessor, the Arzobispo Loayza Hospital continued to provide preferential care to women with low economic resources, until the mid-1990s, when it began to serve patients of both sexes.",
"On January 31, 1974, it became dependent on the Ministry of Health.",
"Its services cover a wide range of specialties."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of hospitals in Peru*Plaza Italia, Lima"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Dione arcuata"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Dione arcuata''''', commonly known as '''eyelash seaweed''', is the only species of the red algae genus '''''Dione'''''.",
"The specific name ''arcuata'' comes from Latin and refers to the bow-like curved shape of the algae, while the generic name ''Dione'' is another name for the goddess Venus.",
"It is made of filaments that are around 1.5 centimeters long; they are curved, wide, and do not split into branches."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"The first collection of the algae was made in 2000, and it was marked as a potential new species.",
"Eyelash seaweed was first analyzed in a 2004 study on the genus ''Bangia''.",
"It was initially called \"''Bangia'' sp.",
"BKE\" and its genetic dissimilarity to other species in ''Bangia'' was noted.",
"''Dione arcuata'' was first formally described by Wendy Nelson in 2005, along with the related alga ''Minerva aenigmata''.",
"Nelson split both species from ''Bangia'' based on morphological, habitat, and genetic differences."
],
[
"Ecology",
"Eyelash seaweed is endemic to New Zealand and can be found attached to rocks in shady tidal areas.",
"The species has a highly restricted range, with only two known populations on two large boulders at one point of the eastern shore of the South Island.",
"''D.",
"arcuata'' is difficult to find, as it is the sole Bangiale in New Zealand that is only exposed at extremely low water levels.",
"Furthermore, it has only been seen during the summer, in November and December.",
"The discovery of ''D.",
"arcuata'' and ''M.",
"aenigmata'' is indicative of the high density of algal biodiversity at certain New Zealand sites, and of the variability of biodiversity across different locations.In 2019, ''Dione arcuata'' was assessed by the New Zealand Department of Conservation as threatened and Nationally Critical.",
"There is a high likelihood that eyelash seaweed is now extinct.",
"The 2016 Kaikōura earthquake buried one of the boulders that the algae inhabited, and greatly disrupted the other.",
"The species has not been found in the wild since the earthquake."
],
[
"References",
"===Footnotes====== Bibliography ===* *"
],
[
"External links",
"* ''Dione arcuata'' discussed on RNZ ''Critter of the Week'', 29 June 2018* The marine domain - A Biodiversity in Aotearoa factsheet"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"CJ Allen (American football)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Christian Jamar Allen''' is an American football linebacker for the Georgia Bulldogs."
],
[
"Early years",
"Allen attended Lamar County High School in Barnesville, Georgia.",
"He played both linebacker and running back in high school.",
"As a senior, he had 84 tackles and a sack on defense and 1,628 rushing yards with 26 touchdowns on offense.",
"Allen was selected to play in the 2023 All-American Bowl.",
"He committed to the University of Georgia to play college football."
],
[
"College career",
"Allen started his true freshman season at Georgia in 2023 as a backup and became a starter after an injury to Jamon Dumas-Johnson.",
"Overall, he started five of 14 games and had 41 tackles and one sack and was named freshman All-Southeastern Conference (SEC)."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Georgia Bulldogs bio"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Future Minerals Forum"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Future Minerals Forum''' is an international annual forum focused on the minerals and mining industry based in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.",
"It was founded on 21 October 2021 by the Saudi ministry of industry and mineral resources."
],
[
"History",
"The first summit was held from 11 to 13 January 2022 in the King Abdulaziz Conference Center in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.The 3rd summit took place from 9 to 11 January 2024.During its first day, the forum witnessed the signing of deals worth $7.2 billion.",
"In the summit, Saudi Arabia's 2016 estimates of the $1.3 trillion of untapped minerals reserves in Saudi Arabia has seen a jump by around 90% to $2.5 trillion.",
"In addition, Bandar Al-Khorayef, the Saudi minister of industry in mineral resources announced a $182 million in exploration incentives and the issuing of 33 mining licenses."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"2023 A-League Men finals series"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2023 A-League Men finals series''' was the 18th annual edition of A-League finals series, the playoffs tournament staged to determine the champion of the 2022–23 A-League Men season.",
"The series was played over four weeks culminating in the 2023 A-League Men Grand Final, where the Central Coast Mariners won their second championship 6–1 against premiers Melbourne City.It featured the first A-League Men Grand Final played at a fixed location (outside the 2020 Grand Final), which was played at CommBank Stadium in Parramatta, based on an Australian Professional Leagues decision in December 2022 for the 2023, 2024 and 2025 A-Leagues Grand Finals to be played in Sydney in a deal with Destination NSW, which met fan backlash and soonly scrapped in October 2023."
],
[
"Qualification",
"Melbourne City was first to qualify for the 2023 finals series at Round 21, after a 1–1 draw with Macarthur FC and to claim the league premiership with two rounds left.",
"Central Coast Mariners finished second as the other team heading directly into the semi-finals with Melbourne City.",
"Elimination-finalists Adelaide United, Western Sydney Wanderers, Sydney FC and Wellington Phoenix were the other four qualifying for the finals series."
],
[
"Venues",
"SydneyMelbourneAllianz StadiumCommBank StadiumAAMI ParkCapacity: '''42,500'''Capacity: '''30,000'''Capacity: '''30,050'''200px200px200pxGosfordAdelaideIndustree Group StadiumCoopers StadiumCapacity: '''20,059'''Capacity: '''16,500'''200px200px"
],
[
"Matches",
"The system used for the 2023 A-League Men finals series is the modified top-six play-offs by the A-Leagues.",
"The top two teams enter the two-legged semi-finals receiving the bye for the elimination-finals in which the teams from third placed to sixth place enter the elimination-finals with \"third against sixth\" and \"fourth against fifth\".",
"Losers for the elimination-finals are eliminated, and winners qualify for the two-legged semi-finals.First placed team in the semi-finals plays the lowest ranked elimination-final winning team and secon placed team in the semi-finals plays the highest ranked elimination-final winner.",
"Home-state advantage goes to the team with the higher ladder position, except for the Grand Final in this series.===Elimination-finals===The first elimination-finals match occurred between third-placed Adelaide United and sixth-placed Wellington Phoenix at Coopers Stadium.",
"Adelaide won 2–0 thanks to a Craig Goodwin double into the two-legged semi-finals.----The second elimination-finals match occurred between fourth-placed Western Sydney Wanderers and fifth-placed Sydney FC at Bankwest Stadium; the first time a Sydney Derby was played in the finals series of the A-League Men.",
"Despite Wanderers scoring first through a Morgan Schneiderlin penalty, Sydney made the comeback 2–1 over Western Sydney sent them to the two-legged semi-finals via Róbert Mak and Adam Le Fondre.===Semi-finals===Sydney FC qualified for the two-legged semi-finals against Melbourne City starting off at home at Allianz Stadium which finished as a 1–1 draw with Mathew Leckie scoring first for City and Adam Le Fondre equalizing in a second-half penalty.",
"The following week at AAMI Park, saw City breeze 4–0 with goals by Curtis Good, Marco Tilio, Richard van der Venne and an own goal winning 5–1 on aggregate heading to the Grand Final.",
"''Melbourne City won 5–1 on aggregate.''",
"----Adelaide United qualified for the two-legged semi-finals against Central Coast Mariners starting off at back home at Coopers Stadium which despite Adelaide scoring first, had Central Coast comeback 2–1.The following week at Industree Group Stadium fully attended, Central Coast extended their advantage by winning 2–0 thanks to goals by Samuel Silvera and Marco Túlio; winning 4–1 on aggregate to qualify for the Grand Final against Melbourne City.",
"''Central Coast Mariners won 4–1 on aggregate.",
"''===Grand Final===The Grand Final featured Melbourne City in their fourth consecutive Grand Final, against the Central Coast Mariners appearing in their first Grand Final in a decade and fifth overall.",
"Central Coast scored the first and second goals through Jason Cummings and Samuel Silvera, with City getting one back by substitute Richard van der Venne, with Mariners leading 2–1 at half time.",
"Since, they scored through two penalties by Cummings completing his hat-trick and further goals by Béni Nkololo and Moresche in stoppage time.",
"Central Coast Mariners became champions of the A-League Men after defeating Melbourne City 6–1 in the Grand Final."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* A-Leagues official website"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"California sober"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''California Sober''' (or '''California Sobriety''') is a recovery model that incorporates the use of psychedelic therapy, along with meditation and exercise, with the intent of abstaining from more harmful and addictive substances.",
"The difference between the California Sober and traditional recovery systems, such as Narcotics Anonymous, is that it doesn't require Asceticism, allowing the practitioner to use substances with little to no potential for addiction in a way that those substances are said to aid in the recovery process.The method has recently gained popularity among people looking for alternatives to the Twelve-step programs, partially due to an article in Vice magazine, songs by recording artists Demi Lovato and Billy Strings (featuring Willie Nelson) and a book on the subject by author W. E. Simmons."
],
[
"History",
"The term California Sober originated in the US state of California as a way of referring to a method of recovery from alcohol and other substances by using marijuana and classic psychedelics as an immediate deterrent from alcohol and other harmful addictive substances.",
"The method also uses classic psychedelics as a long-term deterrent from the same.",
"Although the term has been used for decades to describe a method of recovery that utilizes classic psychedelics, such as LSD, mescaline, Psilocybin mushrooms, and cannabis to aid in recovery from harmful and addictive substances, online use of the term only dates back to 2016."
],
[
"The California Sober Method",
"The California Sober method is described as using classic psychedelics, along with talk therapy, meditation, exercise, yoga, and breathwork, to overcome addiction to harmful substances such as Alcoholic beverages, street drugs, and pharmaceuticals.",
"The California Sober method stresses the need for using these substances with the express intent of recovering from Alcoholism, Addiction, and many other Mental disorders.Methods include California Sober Remediation Therapy (CSRT), which includes Cannabis Remediation Therapy (CRT), Psychedelic Remediation Therapy (PRT), and Meditative Remediation Therapy (MRT).",
"After the initial remediation is complete, the California Sober method relies on psychedelic therapy at intervals that can be anywhere from 1 to 12 months apart, depending on the addict's response to treatment, shortening intervals until they are no longer necessary.The California Sober method also includes Self-help steps, including three questions, nine goals, and 13 paths that work as therapy to bring the individual to a state of mind that supports recovery."
],
[
"The Studies",
"Both the novel and historical studies show that classic psychedelics may be useful in treating Alcohol Use Disorder, Substance use disorder, Opioid use disorder, Cocaine use disorder and Nicotine Addiction.",
"California Sober methods have also been shown to be beneficial in treating depression, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, Post-traumatic stress disorder, and a host of other mental ailments, as shown by the following studies.=== LSD Studies ===The study of LSD's medicinal value was halted by the Nixon administration's anti-counterculture movement, also known as the War on drugs, in the late 1960s.",
"Its Schedule I controlled substance designation directly contradicted decades of scientific and medical research.",
"By the time LDS was outlawed, dozens of studies had already been conducted between LSD's creation by Albert Hofmann and its prohibition by the Nixon administration.",
"From ending addictive behaviors and lessening the chance of relapse to relief from anxiety and depression, study after study suggested that LSD could re-shape the mind in a way that had never been seen before, or since.Scientists have recently conducted a study to examine the combined effect of LSD and alcohol misuse.",
"The results of the study were published in the Journal of Psychopharmacology.",
"In a retrospective analysis, researchers found that out of 536 participants, 59% of those who received LSD reported lower levels of alcohol misuse.",
"The promising results were observed during follow-up visits at two and three months and again at six months.",
"However, no significant results were observed during the 12-month follow-up, which suggests that recurring treatment may be necessary.In a 2020 study titled Therapeutic Use of LSD in Psychiatry, published in Frontiers in Psychiatry, researchers noted that \"...LSD is revealed as a potential therapeutic agent in psychiatry; the evidence to date is strongest for the use of LSD in the treatment of alcoholism.\"",
"In addition, the study's authors commented on the safety of psychedelics, writing that \"as a recreational drug, LSD does not entail physical dependence as withdrawal syndrome, as do most of these substances (opioids, cocaine, cannabis, and methamphetamine).",
"Its frequent or long-term use can lead to tolerance, and after a single dose, emotional, physical, and mental stability is quickly recovered.",
"Likewise, classical hallucinogens, in general, and LSD, in particular, exhibit very low physiological toxicity, even at very high doses, without any evidence of organic damage or neuropsychological deficits associated with their use.",
"Their safety has recently led to considering LSD as one of the safest psychoactive recreational substances.",
"\"Although retrospective analyses offer much insight, the studies conducted during the 1960s are equally noteworthy.",
"Many doctors and scientists were amazed at the remarkable success that LSD treatment provided.",
"Critics, however, argue that it is impossible to conduct a blind study since it was apparent to both the patient and doctor who received the LSD and who received the placebo.",
"As an example of the rates of addiction recovery that they were finding, the following results were from various studies of the time.In a review of studies published in the Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal Vol.",
"14, No.1, 1969, author C.G.",
"Costello wrote that an unpublished report by the Saskatchewan Bureau on Alcoholism indicated that 69 (47.6%) of 145 alcoholics improved after LSD treatment.",
"The study period was from 1957 to 1962, and the intervals between treatment and follow-up varied from two months to five years, most cases having had the last treatment between two and four years before their follow-up.",
"50 of the 69 improved cases were \"totally dry,\" meaning they had not had any alcohol since their treatment.Of the remaining 19, \"their relapses are becoming fewer and of shorter duration, e.g., one day of intoxication compared to previous bout pattern of one week; gainfully employed as compared to former chronic unemployment.\"",
"He says that improvement for the six studies \"average from 50% to 93% with a mean of 75%.",
"This would suggest that LSD therapy is indeed a worthwhile method of treatment...\" Considering 12-step programs average a less than 10% recovery rate for all that make the attempt, an average of 75% of patients improving drastically is unheard of.Another study, from June 1963, had impressive results with the most hard-core addicts that could be found.",
"Most of the patients treated had been referred by another Alcoholic Counselling Center whose policy had been to refer their most severe or chronic cases to the Saskatchewan Hospital.",
"As a result, those treated were all patients who would be considered to have a severe addiction by all ordinary means of evaluation.",
"87% had tried and failed with Alcoholics Anonymous at least once, and 57% had received some psychiatric treatment at least once prior.",
"Their age ranged from 24 to 65, and the average age was 39.3.Of 70 patients receiving the complete treatment, including LSD therapy, and followed up between six and 18 months after discharge, 39 (56%), \"had remained dry continuously since discharge or had been dry apart from a short \"testing\" bout of drinking immediately after discharge.\"",
"Out of the 55 patients in the control group who received individual psychiatric treatment alone, only 8 (14%) remained sober.",
"\"A chi-square test showed that significantly more of the alcoholics treated with LSD were dry or improved at the time of follow-up than patients receiving group therapy alone or of the controls.\"",
"In this group where 87% had tried and failed with Alcoholics Anonymous at least once, we have 56% of the group totally sober at 6 and 18 months after LSD therapy.",
"Where 12-step groups fail, California Sober methods prosper as an alternative.Dr.",
"Harold A. Abramson, M.D.",
"edited the minutes from the Second International Conference on the Use of LSD in Psychotherapy and Alcoholism, which took place in May 1965.During the conference, a group of psychiatry investigators gathered in Amityville, New York, to discuss their findings and research in the field.",
"According to his notes, \"the purpose of the meeting was to exchange information and discuss problems regarding the use of a remarkable drug that has been a focus of research in psychiatry for more than twenty years''.\"''",
"That substance was LSD-25, commonly known as LSD.At the conference of nearly 50 doctors who had tested LSD on patients, all were aligned by one commonality.",
"\"The scientific literature .",
".",
".",
"is singularly affirmative.",
"Every worker who studied LSD's use for treating alcoholism is in unusual agreement.\"",
"\"Their uncommon consensus was that they had all found LSD to be effective.\"",
"On the subject of relapse, Doctor Abram Hoffer remarked, \"Had they been given 200 mcg or more (of LSD), with a therapeutic objective, in a therapeutic setting, by therapists interested in the therapeutic experience, and had they used the community resources, including A.A., perhaps at three-and-one-half years about fifty percent or more of their subjects would have been sober.",
"\"The work done by Betty Eisner, with Bill W. and others, was remarkable and way ahead of its time.",
"She was so excited about her discoveries that she wrote of her work to her role model, founder of analytic psychology and Swiss psychiatrist, Carl Jung.",
"Betty couldn't wait to tell Mr. Jung of her success in using the LSD treatment with her patients.",
"\"For the past six to nine months,\" she wrote in a letter dated August 2, 1957, \"I have been engaged in an absorbingly interesting pilot study of the therapeutic aspects of lysergic acid (LSD-25).",
"...LSD unlocks the door to an individual's unconscious.",
"... {there} are levels of the unconscious available which have been described heretofore only by the mystics and poets.",
"... when taken under proper circumstances and with the proper preparation and dosages, {LSD} accomplishes in a handful of sessions the process of discovering one's place and function in life and the universe which you call individuation.",
"\"One month later, on September 3 of the same year, she sent another letter explaining more of her research.",
"\"It appears that the individual man experience what is most necessary {through the use of LSD} -- and to the amount he can take,\" she said of her weekly sessions with patients taking increasing doses each week.",
"\"We have also observed that at times it is possible to slip past the areas of difficulty of the Ego... Woe to the person who does not do his utmost to integrate the insights he gains under LSD into his every-day life!\"",
"She ends by saying, \"I have never experienced anything which has helped me more than LSD in the process of attempting to free myself from the limitations, conditionings, and ego-centricities-- on the many levels-- which prevent us from being the loving individuals which we were all created to be.",
"\"From the many studies on its benefits toward reducing addiction to renowned author, researcher, and psychologist Betty Eisner's work (among many others) in psychotherapy, LSD has been proven to treat many debilitating issues, from depression to alcoholism and more.",
"Had it not been for the misguided Controlled Substance Act, countless studies could have been performed that would show its benefits in many other areas of psychiatry, similar to that of Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms, peyote, mescaline, and even Cannabis.",
"Though more studies will be done in the future, as its benefits are too apparent to ignore, one fact remains.",
"LSD has the ability to treat alcoholism and other addictions.In one of the first LSD studies since the 1960s, researchers found that LSD also significantly decreased state and trait anxiety in terminal patients (fear of death and related consequences) at two months and sustained that reduction for 12 months.",
"In other words, terminally ill patients facing the end of their lives found relief from their worries, both mentally and spiritually, through the use of LSD-25.This study confirmed what the studies of the 1950s and 60s had shown.",
"LSD is a remarkable psychiatric substance that can have lasting benefits across the spectrum of psychiatric issues, in addition to its remarkable rate of success in treating addiction.=== Psilocybin Mushroom (Psilocybi) Studies ===Since the psychedelic re-awakening of the 1990s, studies have shown that Psilocybin, the main ingredient in Magic mushrooms, is effective in many of the psychological disorders it is tested for.",
"When administered to subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder, all patients showed improvements within 24 hours of treatment, yielding a 23%-100% decrease in the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale score.",
"For Anxiety and Depression in patients with advanced-stage cancer and reactive anxiety, Psilocybin significantly reduced anxiety one month after treatment, and depression was significantly lower at six months.",
"When used for quitting smoking, 80% of the trial participants were abstinent at a 6-month follow-up.",
"Significant decreases in drinking behavior for up to 9 months were shown when Psilocybin was used to treat Alcohol Use Disorder.",
"In Major Depressive Disorder, the Mushrooms significantly decreased depressive symptoms for up to 6 months.",
"Anxiety and depression related to life-threatening cancer was significantly decreased at 7 weeks and sustained for 6.5 months with another study duplicating the results showing significant decreases in anxiety and depression at 5 weeks with effects sustained for 6 months.A Jama Psychiatric article laid out the results of the largest-ever trial of psilocybin, the active alkaloid in magic mushrooms, in the treatment of alcoholism.",
"About half of the participants, all of whom were alcohol-dependent for an average of 14 years, were given psilocybin, while the other half were given an antihistamine as a placebo.",
"Both groups were also given psychotherapy.",
"The psilocybin group reduced their heavy drinking days by 83% (compared to about 50% in those who received the placebo), and the number and frequency of drinking days and drinks they consumed were also significantly lower.",
"Eight months later, close to half of the Psilocybin group had stopped drinking altogether.Other studies found naturalistic psychedelic use to be independently associated with significantly reduced odds of subsequent daily illicit opioid use among a community-based sample of people who used substances.",
"\"These findings suggest that psychedelic use may be associated with reductions in substance use, including illicit opioid use, and that psilocybin use was associated with a 30% reduction in the odds of Opiate Use Disorder.",
"\"=== Peyote (Mescaline) Studies ===Studies by the Native American Church that have been conducted from 1977 to the present suggest that the use of peyote therapy significantly reduces the alcohol consumption in its members and that these members fare better than those who participate in Alcoholics Anonymous.",
"Because Peyote is a controlled substance (for anyone who is not a member of the Native American Church), studies are mostly limited to the observations of the Church and its members.",
"However, it became apparent to the observers of the church's studies that Peyote, like every other classic psychedelic, has a significant benefit in the reduction of alcohol in those suffering from alcoholism.While Peyote and other psychedelic cacti are less studied than other psychedelics like Magic Mushrooms, studies have been conducted in recent years showing that Peyote lowered the odds of Cocaine Use Disorder, reducing the odds of CUD by over 50%, and that peyote use is associated with lowered odds of nicotine dependence.",
"From these studies, which mimic those of LSD, Psilocybe, and other hallucinogens, we can surmise that Peyote is on par with its cousins when used to treat other addictions.",
"One can also safely assume that San Pedro would have similar effects because it contains the same ''active ingredient'' in smaller quantities.=== Cannabis Studies ===Studies show that on days when alcoholics ingested Cannabis, they consumed 29% fewer drinks and were twice less likely to binge drink.",
"Both regular users and those who used only to not drink had similar results regarding daily consumption.",
"The results show that when addicts use Cannabis to abstain from other substances, they reduce their consumption.In another study published in the International Journal of Drug Policy, 973 patients were questioned about their alcohol use before and after receiving medical marijuana treatment.",
"44% reported drinking less frequently every month, and 34% drank fewer drinks per week.",
"In addition, 8% said they drank no alcohol in the last month of the survey.",
"These studies show that Cannabis can be used to lessen the desire for one's Substance of Choice while pursuing other methods of maintaining abstinence and realigning one's long-term goals.Because Cannabis is safer than alcohol and other harmful substances, its use as a replacement and/or as a deterrent is more than justified.",
"I say this because, unlike the classic psychedelics mentioned previously, a small percentage of the population can develop Cannabis Use Disorder.",
"Some studies have suggested that 9% of people who use marijuana will develop Cannabis Use Disorder, with those numbers rising to about 17% in those who start using in their teens.=== Meditation studies ===Groundbreaking research conducted by the University of Utah and published on October 12, 2022, in the journal Science Advances has shown that Mindfulness Meditation, when combined with therapy, can significantly reduce the usage of opioids in long-term users.",
"The study reveals that Mindfulness Meditation alters the users' state of mind and increases the theta waves, which are linked with REM sleep.",
"The low theta waves are associated with the inability to concentrate and wandering thoughts that are often negative.",
"They also lead to a lack of self-control, and the brain slips into the DMN or default mode network.",
"The Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) treatment, developed by Professor Eric Garland, has been successful in treating addiction.",
"The study involved the most significant neuroscience research on Mindful Meditation, and the MORE treatment more than doubled frontal midline theta brain activity.In simple terms, the default mode is when individuals perform actions without consciously thinking about them.",
"High theta activity, on the other hand, quiets the mind and allows individuals to focus more on their activity.",
"High theta waves can be compared to being in the zone while playing a game or sport.",
"In contrast, default mode is when an individual worries about something and opens a beer or drinks a glass of wine without even realizing it.The randomized clinical trial involved 250 adults who suffered from both chronic pain and opioid misuse.",
"The participants were divided into two groups: the group that underwent the MORE treatment and the control group.",
"The results showed that 45% of those who completed the MORE treatment were no longer misusing opioids nine months later, compared to only 24% of patients in the control group.",
"The trial participants suffered from chronic pain and could not quit opioids altogether.",
"However, the MORE group learned to control their addiction while still using opioids for pain management.",
"They reduced their normal dosage, experienced fewer cravings, and less emotional distress.",
"The trial was published in the April 2022 issue of JAMA Internal Medicine.Previous research has indicated that practicing meditation can increase the chances of an individual refraining from alcohol and other substances.",
"A study conducted in 2018 and published in the Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment revealed that individuals who practiced Transcendental Meditation (TM) were more than twice as likely to remain abstinent from alcohol as compared to the control group (25% versus 59%).",
"Furthermore, while half of the control group returned to heavy drinking, none of the TM group members did.=== Breathwork studies ===Breathing is one of the few things we can do consciously and unconsciously.",
"Controlling your breath can provide a link between both realms of the mind and also help regulate emotions.",
"A breathing method called Cyclic breathing can quickly regress composure in stressful situations or elevate your mood.",
"In this simplified method of meditation, all you need is five minutes to promote more positive and fewer negative feelings, relieve anxiety, and lower your heart rate and blood pressure while producing some of those feel-good hormones that we all love.=== Exercise and Yoga studies ===Engaging in physical activity, especially cardiovascular exercise that increases heart rate, has been proven effective in treating addiction.",
"This is likely because exercise boosts dopamine levels in the brain, stimulating the same reward center that alcohol and other mind-altering substances trigger.",
"When we exercise, our brain produces more of those feel-good hormones it craves, thus reducing the need for external substances to supplement them.",
"Additionally, exercise can minimize cravings, lower anxiety levels, and increase dopamine in the brain.According to one study by Frontiers in Psychiatry, published on the National Institute of Health website, \"...exercise was shown to influence many of the same signaling molecules and neuroanatomical structures that mediate the positive reinforcing effects of drugs.\"",
"In a separate study, rats were presented with a dispenser containing different substances, including morphine and amphetamines.",
"The rats that utilized an exercise wheel hit the dispenser far less often than those that did not exercise at all.",
"This study has been replicated multiple times, consistently yielding similar results.Scientific studies have revealed that practicing Yoga improves physical fitness and increases the level of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain.",
"GABA is a chemical that plays a crucial role in managing anxiety and stress.",
"In addition, the intense breathing patterns used in Yoga practice release endorphins, the body's natural pleasure-inducing hormones.",
"The word endorphin combines two words - endogenous (meaning from within) and morphine.",
"Therefore, it is reasonable to suggest that the body's natural surge of endorphins triggered by Yoga and other physical activities would help control cravings by providing the addict with a natural high."
],
[
"In popular culture",
"Demi Lovato released a song named California Sober on her album Dancing with the Devil... the Art of Starting Over and also speaks about being California Sober in her docuseries Demi Lovato: Dancing with the Devil.",
"Billy Strings released a single named California Sober featuring Willie Nelson.There is also a short movie called California Sober"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Chang Wen-chang"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Chang Wen-chang''' (; born 28 November 1947) is a Taiwanese pharmacologist."
],
[
"Education",
"Chang earned his Bachelor of Science degree Taipei Medical University's Department of Pharmacy in 1969, and subsequently completed his master's of science and doctorate, both in pharmaceutical science at the University of Tokyo in 1973 and 1976, respectively.",
"After completing his education, Chang was a visiting fellow at the National Institute on Aging in the United States until 1978, served as a visiting scientist at the Tokyo Metropolitan Institutes of Gerontology until 1981, and subsequently worked as a visiting research fellow at the University of Kentucky."
],
[
"Career",
"Chang returned to Taiwan to join the National Cheng Kung University faculty in 1983, and remained on the NCKU staff until 2011.During his tenure at NCKU, Chang chaired the Department of Pharmacology until 1990 and led the Institute of Basic Medical Sciences between 1994 and 1999.Administratively, Chang was associate dean of NCKU's medical college from 1998 to 1999, and dean of the College of Bioscience and Biotechnology from 2005 to 2008.Between 2008 and 2011, Chang was a deputy minister of the National Science Council.",
"As vice minister, Chang opined that Taiwanese students should be testing on English proficiency in the college entrance examination.",
"From 2011, Chang served as chief editor of the ''Journal of Biomedical Science''.",
"In 2011, Chang moved to a chair professorship at Taipei Medical University's Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences.",
"While on the TMU faculty, Chang held also held professorships within the International Master/Ph.D.",
"Program in Medicine and Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, and was chairman of the board of trustees between 2014 and 2022.Chang has served as a board member of Scinopharm Taiwan, Pharmosa Biopharm, and Universal Cement Corporation."
],
[
"Honors",
"In 2004, Chang was elected a member of Academia Sinica."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Kennedy Asante Osei"
],
[
"Introduction",
" '''Kennedy Osei Asante''' (born 1986) is a Ghanaian lawyer and businessman."
],
[
"Early life",
"Osei was born on 10 October 1986 and is the eldest son of Dr. Osei Kwame Despite."
],
[
"Education",
"Osei had his elementary education at the Reverend John Teye Memorial Institute.",
"He attended Adisadel College in Cape Coast and then pursued a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration with the option of Banking and Finance at the University of Ghana.",
"He obtained an LLB from Mountcrest College before being called to the Ghana Bar after graduating with a Master of Laws in Corporate and Commercial Law from the University of Ghana Law School in 2022."
],
[
"Career",
"Osei is the General Manager of Despite Media Group, the media conglomerate that owns and runs Peace FM, Neat FM, Hello FM, United Television and Peacefmonline.com.He also runs and controls Golden Crest Hotel, Aerial Plus, Nextbite Company Limited and Tribal Africa in top-level leadership capacity."
],
[
"Philanthropy",
"Osei refurbished and donated a new library to the Reverend John Teye Memorial Institute, his alma mater 2002."
],
[
"Personal life",
"On Valentine's Day in 2020, Osei married fashion designer Tracy Ameyaw in a traditional wedding.",
"The next day, the white wedding took place in what was described as a lavish event.",
"In 2021, the couple announced the birth of their twins."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Kennedy Asante Osei via Despite Media"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Palace Theatre, Calgary"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Palace Theatre''' is a historic building in Calgary, Alberta.",
"It is Calgary's oldest surviving movie theatre and one of only three surviving Canadian examples of the work of American architect C. Howard Crane.",
"Built by the Allen family, the building served as a theatre from 1921 to 1990.Located in Calgary's Stephen Avenue Mall, it operated as a nightclub from 1998 to 2004 and has been used as a sports bar and special event centre since 2007.The building was designated as a Provincial Historic Resource in 1996 and as a National Historic Site of Canada in 1997."
],
[
"History",
"The Palace Theatre was designed by American architect C. Howard Crane in 1921.It is Calgary's oldest surviving movie theatre and one of only three surviving Canadian examples of Crane's work.",
"The theatre was built by the Allen family who, at the time, operated the largest cinema chain in Canada.",
"Crane was the principal architect for Allen Theatres.",
"The theatre opened on October 25, 1921 as the Allen's Palace Theatre.",
"With 1,951 seats, it was the largest theatre in the city at the time.",
"It was sold to Famous Players in 1923 when the Allen theatre circuit went bankrupt.The theatre's early programs varied heavily in terms of content and included both films and live entertainment.",
"The theatre served as the first home for the Calgary Philharmonic Orchestra.",
"According to the Alberta Register of Historic Places, the theatre was the site of Calgary's first radio broadcast in 1922.From 1925 to 1927, William Aberhart, who would later become the founder of the Alberta Social Credit Party and premier of Alberta, broadcast his radio sermons about the Bible from the theatre's stage.In the 1980s, the City of Calgary attempted to designate the building as a historic site.",
"Calgary's Heritage Advisory Board spent several years studying the matter, but political priorities shifted amid the early 1980s recession and the endeavour was abandoned.",
"The City of Calgary Heritage Advisory Board applied to the province for a designation in 1990; however, the designation was not granted since the owners at the time – Parkview Properties Ltd. – were opposed.The building functioned as a movie theatre until February 8, 1990.The last film shown in the theatre was Tango & Cash.",
"The 1,000 seats on the first floor of the auditorium were removed by Famous Players and sold to other businesses throughout the city.",
"In 1993, the building was used as a movie set for Legends of the Fall.Several attempts were made to re-purpose the building in the 1990s.",
"In September 1994, Dancers' Studio West announced a plan to raise $7 million to purchase the building from Capital Life Insurance of Colorado and convert it into a performing arts centre.",
"However, the company failed to raise the necessary funds.",
"In January 1996, Opus Development Ltd. announced a plan to purchase the building and lease it to Winners, with the intent of opening the store on October 25, exactly 75 after the building first opened its doors.",
"However, the building was designated a Provincial Historic Resource in May 1996, meaning no changes could be made to the building without government approval.",
"The company's plans included removing the theatre's balcony to accommodate two stories of retail space, which the province's heritage officials rejected and the proposal ultimately fell through.",
"The building was designated as a National Historic Site of Canada on September 22, 1997.The building remained vacant until it was acquired by a consortium of business owners known as the Pharaoh's Group in 1998.It re-opened on May 13, 1998, as a 1,200-patron nightclub called the Palace.",
"During the $4.1 million renovation, a wallet belonging to one of the theatre's patrons that had been lost 42 earlier was found and returned to the owner's family.",
"The nightclub closed down in February 2004 and the building remained vacant for another three years.The building was later acquired by Atlas Development Corp.",
"The building was leased to Concorde Entertainment Group and, in 2007, the company partnered with the Calgary Flames to convert the theatre into a 1,200-capacity sports bar and special event facility called Flames Central.",
"Following another $2 million renovation, Flames Central opened in March 2007.In 2017, the establishment's name was changed to Palace Theatre."
],
[
"Architecture and style",
"Palace Theatre in 1933The building was designed in the Neoclassical style and features a symmetrical façade with evenly spaced fluted pilasters capped with Corinthian capitals, an oversized cornice, and classical detailing in the window surrounds.",
"Other ornamentation includes the carved stones above the second-storey windows, and the faux wrought iron balconies."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of National Historic Sites of Canada in Alberta"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Marie Lynn Miranda"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Marie Lynn Miranda''' (born ) is an American data scientist and academic administrator serving as the tenth chancellor of the University of Illinois Chicago and a vice president of the University of Illinois System since 2023.She was previously the provost and a professor of applied computational mathematics and statistics at the University of Notre Dame.",
"A self-taught toxicologist and environmental scientist, Miranda researches children's environmental health and geospatial health informatics."
],
[
"Life",
"Miranda was born in .",
"She is the first member of her family to be born in the United States.",
"In 1961, her parents and three brothers moved to South Bend, Indiana from Goa while her father Constancio Miranda was studying civil engineering.",
"He was later a professor at the University of Detroit Mercy.",
"She attended Catholic schools in Detroit.",
"Miranda earned a A.B.",
"in mathematics and economics, ''summa cum laude'', from Duke University in 1985.She was inducted into Phi Beta Kappa.",
"While attending Duke University, she worked as a student manager of the Duke Blue Devils men's basketball under coach Mike Krzyzewski.",
"Miranda earned a M.A.",
"(1988) and Ph.D. in economics from Harvard University.",
"Her 1990 dissertation was titled, ''Essays on Land Management''.",
"Peter Timmer, Lawrence Goulder, and Jerry Green served on her doctoral committee.Miranda joined the faculty at Duke University in 1990.She is a self-taught toxicologist and environmental scientist and joined Duke's integrated toxicology and environmental health program in 1999.Miranda was the founding director of the Children's Environmental Health Initiative.",
"For nine years, she was the director of undergraduate programs for the Nicholas School of the Environment.",
"She is researches geospatial health informatics.",
"From 2012 to 2015, Miranda was Samuel A. Graham dean of the school of natural resources and environment at University of Michigan.",
"With a quantitative methods background, she was a professor of pediatrics and obstetrics and gynaecology at the Michigan Medicine.Miranda was the Howard R. Hughes Provost and professor of statistics at Rice University from 2015 to 2019.In 2019, she was elected a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.",
"From July 1, 2020, to 2023, Miranda was the Charles and Jill Fischer Provost of the University of Notre Dame and a professor of applied computational mathematics and statistics.",
"She succeeded Thomas G. Burish to become was the first woman and person of color to serve in the position.",
"In July 2023, Miranda became the tenth chancellor of the University of Illinois Chicago.",
"She is also a vice president of the University of Illinois System.Miranda is married to Christopher Geron.",
"They have three children."
],
[
"See also",
"* List of women in mathematics"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"World Chess Championship 2026"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''World Chess Championship 2026''' will be a chess match to determine the new World Chess Champion.",
"It will be played between the defending champion, the winner of the World Chess Championship 2024; and a challenger, who will be the winner of the Candidates Tournament 2026."
],
[
"Candidates Tournament",
"The challenger will qualify by winning the Candidates Tournament 2026.The eight players to qualify to the Candidates Tournament will be: Qualification method Player Age Rating Worldranking(TBD)The winner of the 2024 FIDE Circuit TBDThe top three finishers in the Chess World Cup 2025 TBD TBD TBDThe top two finishers in the FIDE Grand Swiss Tournament 2025 TBD TBDThe winner of the 2025 FIDE Circuit TBDHighest rating averaged from August 2025 – January 2026 TBDUnlike any other Candidates Tournaments, and any FIDE World Championship cycle (except 1999–2004 during the split-title period), there is no automatic spot for the runner-up of the previous Championship.",
"To compensate, the 2024 championship will be considered an eligible tournament for the FIDE Circuit, with the runner-up obtaining special bonus points based on the score."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Styphelia kingiana"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Styphelia kingiana''''' is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia.",
"It is an erect, compact shrub with sharply pointed, egg-shaped leaves, and white, tube-shaped flowers arranged in clusters near the ends of branchlets."
],
[
"Description",
"''Styphelia kingiana'' is an erect, compact shrub that typically grows to a height of and has densely hairy young branches.",
"Its leaves are sharply-pointed, egg-shaped, long and wide.",
"The flowers are borne in clusters near the ends of branchlets, extending past the leaves.",
"There are egg-shaped, fleshy bracts long and 3 or 4 almost round bracteoles long at the base of the flowers.",
"The sepals are egg-shaped, long and pale yellowish-green.",
"The petals are joined at the base to form a yellowish-green tube long with white, spreading lobes long.",
"Flowering occurs in August and September and the fruit is dry, long and wide."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"''Styphelia kingiana'' was first described in 1893 by Ferdinand von Mueller in ''The Victorian Naturalist'' from specimens collected near Lake Deborah (near Koolynobbing).",
"The specific epithet (''kingiana'') honours Henry John King."
],
[
"Distribution and habitat",
"This styphelia occurs in sandy soils in open heath or low open woodland in the Avon Wheatbelt, Geraldton Sandplains, Mallee and Swan Coastal Plain bioregions of south-western Western Australia."
],
[
"Conservation status",
"''Styphelia kingiana'' is listed as \"not threatened\" by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Alvarado Hot Springs"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Alvarado Hot Springs''' was a 20th-century geothermal well in Los Angeles County, California, United States.",
"A bathhouse was built next to the water and a therapeutic spa was operated on the site for several decades."
],
[
"History",
"The source of the water was a large-diameter petroleum test well drilled that yielded hot water and natural gas.",
"On November 7, 1924, a six-inch well bore hit hot water at and gas at .",
"The water was pumped up to a tank for recreational-therapeutic use and the gas was used to heat the bathhouse.",
"The well was drilled and owned by William P. Alvarado.",
"Alvarado also piped the natural gas to his house, a mile from the well site, for use in cooking and lighting, and combined the water with water from other sources for use in agricultural irrigation.The bathhouse was located just off Fifth Avenue, roughly three miles southeast of the town limits of Puente.",
"As described in 1926, the Alvarado Hot Springs spa was on the far slope of the Alvarado Ranch \"in the hills about a mile and one-half west of the Otterbein road that runs south from Valley boulevard...The route to the springs is fairly circuitous but well signed and the road leads at last to a towering wooden oil well derrick mounted on a knoll from which much of the valley and Old Baldy in the distance Is visible.\"",
"There were four baths for men and three for women, as well as sweat rooms.1928 edition of USGS La Brea quadrangle mapAlvarado Hot Springs and Seminole Hot Springs were the two major therapeutic hot springs spas within Los Angeles County as of 1937.The bathhouse, situated on about 20 acres of land, was still in business as of 1961, street address 1880 E. 5th Street in La Puente, California.",
"The former site of the well is now a residential neighborhood in Rowland Heights."
],
[
"See also",
"* * Radium Sulphur Springs* Fairview Hot Springs"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Yaho (archeological site)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Yaho''' or '''Yayo''' is an archeological site 160 kilometers northwest of Koro Toro, Chad.",
"In 1961, Yves Coppens excavated a partial hominin face and erected the taxon ''Tchadanthropus uxoris''.",
"''Loxodonta atlantica'' were also discovered from the site."
],
[
"Chronology",
"It is proposed that the middle of the Angamma delta bore Holocene strata dating to 1000 years in the lowest parts and up to 7300 years at the latest.",
"Other parts of the formation reach up to 10,000 years."
],
[
"Geology",
"The Tibesti Mountains.The Angamma Delta is found within the area north of paleolake Megachad.",
"The delta is very well preserved, standing up to 330m tall, as it can be observed sloping into a mudstone and diatomite-filled basin that drops 240m.",
"The delta was fed by a braided fluvial distributary leading from the Tibesti Mountains from the north.",
"They do not cut through the delta, suggesting that the braided rivers dried before the lake did.",
"Delta sediment was visibly disturbed by waves from the lake, and the front was eroded, revealing other sediments within.Its sediments are very exposed through a series of cliffs and canyons that run perpendicular from the delta.",
"Underneath the delta are volcanic tuffs and breccias overlain with diatomite.",
"The sediment is composed of silts and fine sand interspersed with thin intraformational conglomerates.",
"Strata thicken nearer to the top and have distinct boundaries.",
"It shows evidence of river flooding events that supplied sediment to the delta."
],
[
"''Tchadanthropus uxoris''",
"=== Discovery and Dating ===On March 16, 1961, Yves Coppens' wife, Françoise Le Guennec, discovered a hominin fossil 11 kilometers from the western wall of the Angamma cliff and assigned the temporary name ''Tchadanthropus uxoris'' based on the country, lake of origin and honoring Le Guennec.",
"Angamma cliff is located north of the west well of Yaho.",
"In association with the hominin were fossils of ''Loxodonta atlantica'', which Coppens suggested might place the hominin within the end Lower or early Middle Pleistocene.In 1965, Marcel Bleustein organized a conference for the discovery, which scientists were very skeptical of.",
"The press, however, were more interested in the implications of the discovery.",
"The discovery of this fossil made Coppens media famous.",
"Tobias (1973) states that the fossil is probably ''Homo erectus'' younger than one million years.",
"In 2010, the specimen was given an updated age estimate of 900-700 kya.",
"According to data proposed by Servant (1983), the specimen may be only 10 ka based on the geology of the site.=== Description ===The specimen may be a young individual based on the presence of a metopic suture, but this is also present in the adult Zhoukoudian XII so it may not be indicative of age.",
"The face is broad and short, but because the upper jaw is so eroded, its entire height cannot be calculated.",
"The vault is high and intermediate in curvature between Zhoukoudian, Chellean Man, and ''Australopithecus''.",
"Another possible testament to age is slight postorbital constriction.",
"However, the frontal sinus is expanded, indicative of adulthood.",
"The tori are heavier than australopiths but lighter than later hominins.",
"The frontal process bears a posterior obliquity that might signify a high zygomatic root.",
"The sockets are like those of Kabwe, large and rectangular.",
"Substantial prognathism below the nose is present.",
"There are no preserved tooth, but the incisor socket suggests that this tooth was small.",
"No diastema is detected, and the nasal anatomy is like Solo.",
"The brain capacity is difficult to calculate, but it may have been on the smaller end.=== Classification ===Originally, Coppens provisionally correlated the facial skeleton with australopiths.",
"In 1966, he suggested that the face bore similarities with early and later hominins, thinking that it either represented a late australopith or early \"pithecanthropine,\" probably closer to the latter.",
"He also considered attribution to ''Homo habilis'', which was a recent advancement at the time.",
"He assigned the provisional name ''Tchadanthropus uxoris'' to the find, aware that the procedure was not diligent but rather standard in the field.",
"His decision was made as a placeholder until greater understanding of human evolution could allow for taxonomic simplification.",
"In 2017, Coppens admitted in an interview that the fossil was closer to ''H.",
"erectus'' than an australopith.",
"A less popular scientific name for the specimen is ''Homo uxoris''.",
"Most regard the specimen as a member of ''H.",
"habilis'' or ''H.",
"erectus''.",
"However, Wood (2002) notes that the prognathism may be a product of twisting seen in the fossil caused by winds causing an australopith-like appearance, which would prove Servant (1983)'s hypothesis that the specimen is only 10 ka."
],
[
"Fauna",
"=== Ostracods ===+SpeciesLocalityNotesReferences''Heterocypris giesbrechtii''CH38Abundant, all life stages''Sarscypridopsis aculeata''One specimen''Sarscypridopsis'' cf.",
"''bicornis''CH39''Darwinula stevensoni''Moderately abundant''Cytheridella'' cf.",
"''tepida''=== Molluscs ===SpeciesLocalityNotesReferences\"Two gastropod species\"CHG59''Coelatura aegyptiaca''CHG59, CH60Bivalve''Pisidium'' sp.",
"''Valvata'' sp.=== Arthropods ===SpeciesLocalityNotesReferences''Candona'' cf.",
"''neglecta''Possibly a new species of crustacean''Limnocythere inopinata''CH60Moderately abundant custacean=== Mammals ===SpeciesLocalityNotesReferences''Homo erectus''11km west of the Angamma cliffOne hominin face discovered by Françoise Le Guennec, wife of Yves Coppens and variously attributed to various species of hominin.",
"Its true placement is unknown.",
"''Homo habilis''''Homo uxoris''''Tchadanthropus uxoris''''Loxodonta africana''''Loxodonta atlantica''An elephant found in association with hominin remains\"hippopotamus\"\"A small form,\" no genus mentioned}"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Teodoro de Vera"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Teodoro de Vera''' was a Filipino politician."
],
[
"Biography",
"Teodoro de Vera briefly served in the House of Representatives representing the 2nd district of Sorsogon from 1945 to 1946.In 1949, he was elected to the Senate of the Philippines as a candidate of the Liberal Party and served until 1952, when he was removed following an election protest by Claro M. Recto."
],
[
"Personal life",
"His father was Vicente de Vera, himself a former senator and chairman of the Commission on Elections (COMELEC) from 1947 to 1951, which led to an unsuccessful attempt by the younger de Vera's rivals in the Nacionalista Party to have the elder de Vera removed by the Supreme Court as COMELEC chairman due to a supposed conflict of interest in his son's election in 1949."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"1899 college football rankings"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''1899 college football season rankings''' included a ranking by New York City newspaper ''The Sun''."
],
[
"''The Sun''",
"In December 1899, New York City newspaper ''The Sun'' published a column detailing \"how the leading elevens are impartially rated.",
"\"=== Eastern teams ===''The Sun'''s top-seven list contained only Eastern teams, without stating that specifically.",
"Rank Team Record 1 Harvard 10–0–1 2 Princeton 12–1 3 Lafayette 12–1 4 Carlisle 9–2 5 Penn 8–3–2 6 Cornell 7–3 7 Columbia 9–3=== Western teams ===The column in ''The Sun'' also separately ranked the top two teams in the West.",
"Rank Team Record 1 Chicago 16–0–2 2 Wisconsin 9–2"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Over the Bridge of Time: A Paul Simon Retrospective (1964-2011)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Over the Bridge of Time: A Paul Simon Retrospective (1964-2011)''''' is a compilation album of 20 chronologically sequenced songs by American folk singer Paul Simon.",
"It is the first single CD collection to include a selection of Simon & Garfunkel's songs as well as songs from Paul Simon's solo career."
],
[
"Critical reception",
"Stephen Thomas Erlewine, writing for AllMusic, said: \"Other compilations dig deeper and individual albums are necessary, but as a full-career overview, this does its job.\"",
"Erlewine noted that \"Mrs. Robinson,\" \"Kodachrome,\" \"Loves Me Like a Rock,\" and \"The Obvious Child\" are major songs that are missing but continues to write that \"Over the Bridge doesn't quite feel as if anything is missing because it does paint a nice overall picture of Simon's career and does have many major songs\"."
],
[
"Track listing",
"# \"The Sound of Silence\"# \"America\"# \"The Boxer\"# \"Cecilia\"# \"The Only Living Boy in New York\"# \"Bridge Over Troubled Water\"# \"Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard\"# \"Mother and Child Reunion\"# \"American Tune\"# \"50 Ways to Leave Your Lover\"# \"Still Crazy After All These Years\"# \"Slip Slidin' Away\"# \"Late in the Evening\"# \"Hearts and Bones\"# \"Diamonds on the Soles of Her Shoes\"# \"You Can Call Me Al\"# \"Spirit Voices\"# \"That's Where I Belong\"# \"Everything About It Is a Love Song\"# \"Love and Hard Times\""
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Associação Atlética Ranchariense"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Associação Atlética Ranchariense''', simply known as '''Ranchariense''', is a Brazilian football club based in Rancharia, São Paulo."
],
[
"History",
"Founded on 20 January 1943, the club began its journey in professional football in the 1978 season.",
"It only participated in the minor divisions of São Paulo, with its last appearance in 2008.In 2016 it joined the project, competition which aimed to move inactive clubs, being the first champion of the tournament.",
"Currently, the club competes in the youth competitions of the Campeonato Paulista."
],
[
"Honours",
"*'''Taça Paulista de Futebol'''**'''Winners:''' 2016"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Abdelmalek Guenaizia"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Abdelmalek Guenaïzia''' was a major general and Algerian politician who served as Chief of Staff of the People's National Army from 1990 to 1993 and Delegate Minister to the Minister of Defense from 2005 to 2013."
],
[
"Biography",
"Guenaizia was born on November 20, 1936, in Souk Ahras, then French Algeria.",
"He deserted from the French army, joining the FLN in April 1958 at the age of 22.In the FLN, he served as instructor officer, and later a commander of command units.After Algerian independence, and following training in the US and USSR, Guenaizia assumed the functions of Chief of Staff of military regions.",
"He also assumed duties of armored brigade commander, deputy regional military commander, and central logistics director.",
"He then was promoted to military equipment and manufacturing.",
"In 1973, Guenaizia commanded an armored brigade during the Yom Kippur War.",
"Guenaizia was promoted to general in 1984, and Commander of the Air Force in 1985, which he held along with deputy Chief of Staff until 1990, when he was appointed Chief of Staff.",
"He was promoted to major general in 1991.In 1993, after three years as Chief of Staff, he retired and began a diplomatic career as ambassador of Algeria to Switzerland.",
"He was stationed in Bern until 2000.On May 1, 2005, he was appointed Delegate Minister to the Minister of Defense until 2013.=== Personal life ===Guenaizia is the uncle of Algerian artist Myriam Guenaizia.",
"On February 4, 2019, Guenaizia died at his home in Geneva, Switzerland.=== Decorations ===Guenaizia is decorated with the National Liberation Army medal, the People's National Army medal, the Military Merit Medal, the Medal of Honor, and the National Order of Merit.",
"He also holds the commemorative medal and the military star for participating in the Yom Kippur War by the President of Egypt."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"2024 Rio de Janeiro mayoral election"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2024 Rio de Janeiro municipal election''' will take place in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil on 6 October 2024.Voters will elect a mayor, vice mayor, and 51 city council members.",
"The incumbent mayor, Eduardo Paes of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), is able to run for a second term."
],
[
"Candidates",
"===Potential candidates=== Party Mayoral candidate Vice mayoral candidate Coalition 75px'''Progressistas'''(PP11) Marcelo Queiroz '''Marcelo Queiroz'''Federal Deputy (2023–present)State Deputy (2018–2019)Councillor (2013–2017) 75px'''Brazilian Democratic Movement'''(MDB15) '''Otoni de Paula'''Federal Deputy (2019–present) 75px'''United Socialist Workers' Party'''(PSTU16) Cyro Garcia '''Cyro Garcia'''Federal Deputy (1992–1993) 75px'''Liberal Party'''(PL22) Alexandre Ramagem '''Alexandre Ramagem'''Federal Deputy (2023–present)Director of the Brazilian Intelligence Agency (2019–2022) 75px'''New Party'''(NOVO30) Tarcísio Motta '''Pedro Duarte''' 75px'''Socialism and Liberty Party}'''(PSOL50) Tarcísio Motta '''Tarcísio Motta'''Federal Deputy (2023–present)Councillor (2017–2023) PSOL REDE Federation (PSOL, REDE) 75px'''Social Democratic Party'''(PSD55) Eduardo Paes '''Eduardo Paes'''Mayor of Rio de Janeiro (2021–present, 2009–2017)Federal Deputy (1999–2006)Councillor (1997–1999) 75px'''Communist Party of Brazil'''(PCdoB65) Dani Balbi '''Dani Balbi'''State Assembly (2023–present) Brazil of Hope (PT, PCdoB, PV)"
],
[
"Notelist"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Volodymyr Tsabal"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Tsabal''' (; born 25 April 1985) is a Ukrainian economist and politician currently serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine on the proportional list of the Holos party since 2019.Prior to his election, he was an economic analyst working in the private sector."
],
[
"Early life and career",
"Volodymyr Volodymyrovych Tsabal was born on 25 April 1985 in the city of Kremenets, in the north of Ukraine's western Ternopil Oblast.",
"He is a graduate of the National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy with a specialisation in economic theory, and received a Master of Business Administration at INSEAD after completing studies at the university's Singapore campus.Tsabal's professional career began in 2005, when he became a data analyst at Tetra Pak's Ukrainian headquarters.",
"The next year, he joined Nestlé Ukraine as a business analyst, moving to Athens in 2007 to become an analyst at Nestlé Greece.",
"He also later became director of Nestlé in Bulgaria.",
"From 2008 until his 2019 election he was a partner at McKinsey & Company, a global management consulting firm."
],
[
"Political career",
"Tsabal was the 12th candidate on the proportional list of the Holos party in the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election.",
"At the time of the election, he was a member of the party.",
"He was successfully elected, and took office as a People's Deputy of Ukraine in August of the same year.",
"In the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament), Tsabal has expressed positions such as support for the removal of Arsen Avakov as Minister of Internal Affairs and the removal of government officials who were affiliated with pro-Russian parties before the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022.Non-governmental organisation Chesno reported in 2020 that Tsabal has proposed more amendments to bills than any other Holos lawmaker, noting in particular his involvement in amending legislation regarding the Accounting Chamber and changes to the 2020 state budget.Tsabal left Holos on 29 July 2021, citing Kira Rudik's takeover of the party.",
"He had previously co-founded the Justice parliamentary group."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Tsabal is a member of the Eastern Orthodox Church.",
"He has not publicly disclosed his marital status, or whether he has any children."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"The Cook Up with Adam Liaw"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''The Cook Up with Adam Liaw''''' is an Australian television cooking and talk series presented by Adam Liaw and produced by Kismet Productions in association with SBS Food.",
"On 19 April 2021, the series aired its first episode on SBS Food.",
"With a 200 episode commitment for the first season, it was the largest commission in SBS's history.",
"The series sees Liaw chatting and cooking with guests including Colin Fassnidge, Julie Goodwin, Jock Zonfrillo, Yumi Stynes, Jessica Rowe and Jimmy Barnes."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of Australian television series*List of cooking shows*List of programs broadcast by Special Broadcasting Service"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"**"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Hunts County"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Hunts County''', commonly shortened to '''County''', is a sports equipment and apparel company founded by the Trimmins family in 1904 based in Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire, England that specialises in cricket.",
"The company produces cricket clothing and equipment such as bats, balls, helmet, batting gloves, protective gear, athletic shoes, and bags."
],
[
"Overview",
"The company still make all of their bats individually by hand at two separate factories in Cambridgeshire.",
"From the 1960s County bats were some of the most widely used and recognised bats in cricket, with television spectators seeing County's encircled 'C' used by professional cricketers."
],
[
"Endorsements",
"A multitude of professional cricketers have had endorsement deals with the company over the years.",
"Australian batsman Dean Jones used a County bat in his early career including during the 1987 Cricket World Cup."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Sodankylä Church"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Sodankylä Church''' (; ) is the 19th-century grey stone church located in the Sodankylä municipality in Lapland, Finland.",
"The building was designed by , and it was completed in 1859.It is located about 100 meters from Sodankylä's old church, built in 1689."
],
[
"History",
"The new church in Sodankylä became necessary after the old one became too cramped and dilapidated.",
"The goal was to build a church at least twice as big as the previous church.",
"Funds for the construction of the church were obtained when Emperor Nicholas I of Russia approved the proposal made by the Senate of Finland on 25 February 1852.On 22 September 1856, Emperor Alexander II of Russia approved the drawings drawn up by architect Lindqvist, revised in the Finnish Intendant's office, in which the Intendant Ernst Lohrmann had proposed a taller and entirely wooden tower, otherwise stone quarried from the locality has been used in the church.",
"Because of the building material, decorative masonry was left out, and the church became unadornedly simple."
],
[
"See also",
"* Sodankylä Old Church"
],
[
"Sources",
"===References==="
],
[
"External links",
"* New Church at Sodankylän seurakunta (in Finnish)"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"The Kickin' Crab"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''The Kickin' Crab''' is an American restaurant serving food from Cajun cuisine.",
"It was founded in 2010 and has 23 restaurants mainly in the Southwestern United States."
],
[
"History",
"The restaurant was established in 2010 by Jan Nguyen, who had previously founded many other restaurant concepts.",
"It opened its first location in Arizona in June 2023, in Chandler."
],
[
"Menu",
"For starters, the restaurant offers oysters, buffalo wings, chicken tenders, fish and chips, shrimp wonton, popcorn shrimp, edamame, french fries, sweet potato fries, calamari, fish tacos, coconut sea snails, garlic noodles, clam chowder, and gumbo.",
"Its main course consists of scampi, fettuccine Alfredo, tilapia, trout, shrimp, lobster, and king crab legs.",
"Sides include steamed broccoli, pita, and red rice.Customers eat with their hands and are provided bibs to ensure food does not accidentally stain their clothes.",
"The tables are covered in butcher paper."
],
[
"Locations",
"As of 2024, The Kickin' Crab has 23 locations, with three upcoming.",
"Of those 23, seventeen are in California, with most of them being in the southern part of the state.",
"The other six consist of four from Texas, and two from Chandler, Arizona and St. Louis, Missouri.",
"Soon-to-be-opened locations will result in the chain's expansion to the Eastern U.S. in Atlanta, Georgia."
],
[
"See also",
"*The Boiling Crab"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official website"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Clube Atlético Itajaí"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Clube Atlético Itajaí''' was a Brazilian football club based in Itajaí, Santa Catarina."
],
[
"History",
"Founded on 20 April 2016 by Fabio Bartelt, the club won the Santa Catarina Série C title in its debut year.",
"In 2017, the year in which he won the right to compete in Série B, withrew from the dispute, returning in 2018 again at the third level, where the club played for the next five seasons.",
"In 2023, the extinction of the team was announced, then chaired by William Santos, who was facing health problems."
],
[
"Appearances",
"Following is the summary of CA Itajaí appearances in Campeonato Catarinense.SeasonDivisionFinal Position20163rd 1st2017''Did not played''20183rd 2nd2019 2nd2020 4th2021 3rd2022 4th"
],
[
"Honours",
"*'''Campeonato Catarinense Série C:'''**'''Winners:''' 2016"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"2024 FIDE Circuit"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''2024 FIDE Circuit''' is a system comprising the top chess tournaments in 2024, which serves as a qualification path for the Candidates Tournament 2026.Players receive points based on their performance and the strength of the tournament.",
"A player's final Circuit score is the sum of their seven best results of the year.",
"The winner of the Circuit qualifies for the Candidates Tournament 2026, the winner of which qualifies for the World Chess Championship 2026."
],
[
"Tournament eligibility",
"A FIDE-rated individual standard tournament is eligible for the Circuit if it meets the following criteria:# Finish between 1 January 2024 and 15 December 2024.# Has at least 8 players.# Has at least 7 rounds (4 rounds for knockout events).# The 8 highest-rated players have an average standard rating of at least 2550 at the start of tournament.",
"This average is referred to as TAR (tournament average rating).# Players represent at least 3 national federations.# Not more than 50% of the 20 highest-rated players (or all players if fewer than 20) represent one federation.The Circuit also includes the following tournaments:* The World Chess Championship 2024.",
"* National Championships that meet points 1 to 4 in above criteria.",
"* World Rapid Championship.",
"* World Blitz Championship.",
"* Continental Rapid Championships.",
"* Continental Blitz Championships.",
"* Other Rapid and Blitz tournaments that meet the above criteria, except that the TAR must be at least 2700."
],
[
"Points system",
"=== Event points ===Circuit points obtained by a player from a tournament are calculated as follows::where:* - Points obtained by player from the tournament* - Basic points* - Tournament strength factor, calculated as * - Tournament weighting** 1.0 - Standard classical tournaments** 0.8 - World Rapid Championships** 0.6 - World Blitz Championships and other Rapid tournaments** 0.5 - Mixed Rapid & Blitz tournaments** 0.4 - Blitz tournaments=== Basic points ===Basic points for a tournament are awarded depending on the tournament format:* Swiss-system: Top 8 (within top half of ranking), ties included.",
"* Round-robin: Top 3 with ties.",
"* Knockout: Third round or later, up to 8 players.Points are awarded as follows: 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 11/10 8 7 6 5 4 3 2* If the tournament is won outright, basic points for 1st place would be 11 points.",
"Otherwise, 10 basic points would be used for calculation.For tied positions, basic points are calculated as 50% of points for final ranking as determined by tournament's tie-break rules, plus 50% of the sum of basic points assigned for the tied places divided by the number of tied players.",
"If no tie-break rule is applied, basic points are 100% shared equally among all tied players.=== FIDE World Championship points ===For World Chess Championship 2024, the winner will get points calculated as 1st place basic points multipled by the strength factor, but with its TAR value using winner's performance rating instead.=== Player's total and ranking ===A player's point total for the ranking is the sum of their best 7 tournaments with the following criteria:* If player has 6 or more tournaments counted:** At least 2 tournaments must have participation of at least 50 players each.",
"** No more than 2 rapid/blitz tournaments can be counted.",
"* If player has 5 tournaments or less:** At least 1 tournament must have participation of at least 50 players.",
"** No more than 1 rapid/blitz tournament can be counted.Tournaments that could be included in player's results are as follows:* Official FIDE tournaments.",
"* National Championships.",
"* Other eligible tournaments, counting all tournaments with minimum TAR of 2650 and up to two lower tournaments per host country."
],
[
"Tournaments",
"Eligible tournaments as of 29 January 2024.+2023 FIDE Circuit - Eligible Tournaments Tournament Location Date Type TAR Winner Hastings Congress Masters Hastings 28 December 2023 5 January 2024 105 2552 Abhijeet Gupta Tata Steel Masters Wijk aan Zee 12–28 January 14 Wei Yi Tata Steel Challengers Wijk aan Zee 12–28 January 14 Leon Luke Mendonca FIDE Candidates Tournament Toronto 3–22 April FIDE 8"
],
[
"Ranking",
"+ Top 20 as of 29 January 2024 No.",
"Player Points 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 Wei Yi 25.28 Tata Steel Masters1st – 25.28 2 Gukesh D 17.69 Tata Steel MastersT 2nd-4th – 17.69 2 Anish Giri 17.69 Tata Steel MastersT 2nd-4th – 17.69 2 Nodirbek Abdusattorov 17.69 Tata Steel MastersT 2nd-4th – 17.69 5 Leon Luke Mendonca 15.15 Tata Steel Challengers1st – 15.15 6 Daniel Dardha 10.33 Tata Steel ChallengersT 2nd-3rd – 10.33 6 Marc'Andria Maurizzi 10.33 Tata Steel ChallengersT 2nd-3rd – 10.33 8 Abhijeet Gupta 5.72 Hastings1st – 5.72 9 Zhang Pengxiang 4.16 Hastings2nd – 4.16 10 Maxime Lagarde 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Brandon Jacobson 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Romain Edouard 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Pierre Laurent-Paoli 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Ameet Ghasi 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Martin Petrov 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Deep Sengupta 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Eldar Gasanov 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56 10 Shreyas Royal 1.56 HastingsT 3rd-11th – 1.56"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"See also",
"* 2023 FIDE Circuit"
],
[
"External links",
"* FIDE Circuit"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Francisco de Medrano y Bazán"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Don '''Francisco de Medrano y Bazán''' (Logroño, La Rioja, 4 March 1600 – Madrid, 16 November 1670) was a noble from the house of Medrano and prominent figure in the Empire of Spain during the reign of king Philip IV of Spain and Charles II of Spain.",
"He was a rector and professor of the Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé in Salamanca.",
"He was a Knight of the Order of Calatrava and held the lordship of Balondo.",
"He became a judge in Seville, magistrate in Granada, alcalde of Casa y Corte, and prosecutor in the Royal Council of Castile.",
"Known for his service in the military and judiciary, he eventually became a minister in the Royal Council of Castile until his death in 1670.Mateo de la Bastide dedicated his book to Medrano in 1662."
],
[
"Family",
"Francisco de Medrano y Bazán was born into the noble Medrano family from La Rioja.",
"He was the son of Don Martín de Medrano y Bazán, a native of Logroño, regidor (municipal councillor) for the nobility in Logroño (1596 and 1605), and María de Egües y Eulate, a native of Dicastillo in Navarra, and originally from the Egües Palace.",
"He was a contemporary relative of Don Sebastian Francisco de Medrano, founder and president of the Medrano Academy (Poetic Academy of Madrid).",
"He is also related to Dona Francisca de Medrano y Bazan, wife of Don Francisco de Anguiano.=== Lord of Balondo, Knight of Calatrava and marriage ===Francisco de Medrano y Bazán was the lord of the entail of Balondo, founded by his paternal great-grandfather Martín de Medrano, the keeper of Nalda Castle in La Rioja.",
"In 1664, Medrano's admission to the Order of Calatrava was proven and approved, nearly twenty years after his marriage in Seville to María de Jalón y Baeza.=== Legal disputes ===Don Francisco de Medrano y Bazan, a Knight of the Order of Calatrava and a member of His Majesty's Council in the Royal Court of Castile, in conjunction with his wife, Doña Mariana Ialon y Baeça, were involved in a legal dispute with the convents of Augustinian monks and Augustinian nuns in Lisbon.",
"The case revolves around the restitution they are contesting concerning an annual payment of one hundred thousand ducats, authorized by the royal authority, on the estate of Medina Sidonia, which is part of the inheritance from Doña Elvira de Baeça, their mother."
],
[
"Mateo de la Bastide's dedication to Francisco de Medrano (1662)",
"National Library of Spain.",
"1662\"''Part sixteen of new and select plays by the best minds in Spain'',\" was dedicated to Don Francisco de Medrano y Bazán in 1662 by Mateo de la Bastide and published in Madrid by Melchor Sanchez:\"''To Don Francisco de Medrano y Bazan, Of His Majesty's Council, and alcalde in His casa y corte; Having given to the press at my expense and translated into new light this book, a pastime for idleness, it seemed to me that I would not fulfill one of the many obligations that Your Excellency advises, unless I placed it under your protection, so that with this refuge and defense, it may have an immortal duration.",
"Because the benefits I have received from Your Excellency are so numerous that I have never forgotten the memory of them, always desiring an opportunity to show greater gratitude, until it was given to me by the impression of this book, the offspring of one of the best intellects of Spain, even though from now on, it will be adopted by the generosity of Your Excellency, to whose hands it resorts; humble, because I send it to you; useful, because in this way, it gains greater applause; confident in Your Excellency's kindness, for whom he, nor I, require the cultivation of lies, disguised with the name of flattery, since we find ourselves free from such a base means.",
"Trusting that Your Excellency's grace will not fail them, and I am secure, as I declare and choose as its auxiliary patron Your Excellency, who, to avoid recounting its merits, eloquence, wisdom, antiquity, and (?",
"); Motives for one who knows the adaptability and tireless effort involved in the administration of justice.",
"Your Excellency, to whom future ages shall dedicate more statues, worthy of its integrity, may God keep you healthy and happy for many years, in the positions that your person seems to occupy and desires.",
"A grateful servant, Mateo de la Bastide''\"."
],
[
"Rector of San Bartolomé College in Salamanca (1634–1641)",
"Having graduated with a bachelor's degree in Canons, he entered the Colegio Mayor de San Bartolomé in Salamanca on 18 September 1633, where he was later elected rector (1634 and 1641).",
"He obtained a licentiate degree in Laws on 13 February 1638, and lectured on the Chair of Institutes."
],
[
"Military and administration career (1641–1668)",
"In 1641, he left his college to serve in the army in Catalonia, and two years later, he was appointed judge of the Audiencia de Grados of Seville to fill the vacancy left by the deceased Gonzalo de la Serna.",
"The title was conferred on him in Madrid on 9 February 1643, and five years later, he was appointed as a magistrate of the Audiencia and Royal Chancery of Granada to fill the vacancy of Gregorio Antonio de Chaves y Mendoza (24 December 1648).He was promoted to the position of alcalde (judge) of Casa y Corte on 29 May 1653, taking office the following month on 8 June 1653, and holding the position until he was granted the title of minister of the Council of Orders on 23 March 1664, filling the vacancy left by the promoted Juan Golfín.",
"He took the oath and assumed office in Madrid five days later.",
"He served in this role for four years before being promoted to the position of prosecutor of the Royal Council of Castile on 10 September 1668, where he began to discharge his duties almost immediately (13 September 1668)."
],
[
"Minister of the Royal Council of Castile and death (1669–1670)",
"Finally, upon the recommendation of the Chamber of Castile (23 December 1669), he was promoted to the position of minister of the Royal Council of Castile.",
"The title was conferred upon him the following year on 6 January 1670, and he served in this capacity from his inauguration on 10 January 1670, until his death."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Galatea Bellugi"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Galatea Bellugi''' (born 1997) is a French actress."
],
[
"Early life",
"Born in Paris, Bellugi is the daughter of Italian actor Duccio Bellugi-Vannuccini, while her mother is a Danish costume designer.",
"Her sister Alba Gaïa Bellugi is also an actress, known for her role as Élise in the film ''The Intouchables'' (2011).",
"She has family in Rome and Tuscany.After studying contemporary and classical dance, synchronized swimming, and playing saxophone, she left to study cinema at the Université de Montréal from 2015 to 2016.She left to pursue a degree in international relations at Roskilde University from 2016 to 2019, in between which she filmed ''The Invisible Boy: Second Generation'' (2018), ''The Apparition'' (2018) and ''Golden Youth'' (2019)."
],
[
"Career",
"She began her career at the age of 6 in Ariane Mnouchkine's ''Le Dernier Caravansérail'' at the Théâtre du Soleil, where her father worked and still works as an actor.",
"She made her screen debut at the age of 7 in ''Les Yeux clairs'' (Pale Eyes), directed by Jérôme Bonnell.In 2015, she played a pregnant teen named Mélanie in ''Keeper'' by Guillaume Senez, a role for which she was selected for Révélations, the shortlist for Most Promising Actress at the César Awards, and for which she received the Best Actress award at the Marrakech International Film Festival.In 2018, she starred opposite Vincent Lindon in Xavier Giannoli's ''The Apparition'', in which she plays a young girl named Anna who develops a cult following after claiming to have seen an apparition of the Virgin Mary in a remote village in southern France, and is investigated by a journalist played by Lindon who is tasked by the Vatican to determine her authenticity.",
"Her performance earned her a nomination for Most Promising Actress at the 44th César Awards.",
"That same year, she made her Italian debut in the fantasy superhero film ''The Invisible Boy: Second Generation'' by Gabriele Salvatores.In 2019, she starred in Eva Ionesco's ''Golden Youth'' as a young teenager who is drawn into a lavish nightlife by a wealthy older couple, portrayed by Isabelle Huppert and Melvil Poupaud.In 2021, she appeared alongside Mathieu Amalric in the musical comedy ''Tralala'', for which she wrote her own lyrics.",
"In 2022, she starred opposite Benedetta Porcaroli in the Italian coming-of-age comedy ''Amanda'', Carolina Cavalli's debut film.",
"She attended the film's premiere at the 79th Venice International Film Festival.In 2023, she starred in ''Junkyard Dog'' by Jean-Baptiste Durand, ''La Fille d'Albino Rodrigue'' by Christine Dory, and ''The Taste of Things'' by Trần Anh Hùng.",
"For her performance in ''Junkyard Dog'', she received a nomination for Best Supporting Actress at the 49th César Awards."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Bellugi lives in Paris.",
"She is fluent in four languages: French, Italian, Danish and English."
],
[
"Filmography",
"===Film=== Year Title Role Notes 2005 ''Les Yeux clairs'' Little girl 2010 ''Opale plage'' Alice Short film 2011 ''Elle ne pleure pas, elle chante'' Louise 2015 ''À 14 ans'' Jade ''Keeper'' Mélanie 2016 ''Heal the Living'' Juliette 2018 ''The Invisible Boy: Second Generation'' Natasha ''The Apparition'' Anna 2019 ''Golden Youth'' Rose 2021 ''Tralala'' Virginie ''Diario di spezie'' Juliette / Rose 2022 ''Amanda'' Rebecca 2023 ''Junkyard Dog'' Elsa ''La Fille d'Albino Rodrigue'' Rosemay Rodrigue ''The Taste of Things'' Violette ''L'Acteur'' Herself Short film 2024 ''Gloria!''",
"Teresa ''L'Engloutie'' Filming===Television=== Year Title Role Notes 2006 ''Sable noir'' Short film: ''Corps étranger'' 2007–2008 ''Vous les femmes'' 5 episodes 2021 ''H24'' Short film: ''01H - Under control''"
],
[
"Awards and nominations",
" Award Date of ceremony Category Film Result César Awards 22 February 2019 Most Promising Actress ''The Apparition'' 23 February 2024 Best Supporting Actress ''Junkyard Dog'' Lumières Award 4 February 2019 Most Promising Actress ''The Apparition'' Marrakech International Film Festival 12 December 2015 Best Actress ''Keeper''"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Chandramohan S"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Chandramohan Sathyanathan''' (born 1988) is an Indian poet.",
"He resides in Thiruvananthapuram and has primarily been part of the contemporary Indian English poetry scene.",
"He trained as an engineer.",
"Chandramohan's poetry covers a range of themes, with a particular emphasis on issues related to caste discrimination, gender surveillance, and political activism.",
"His poems often draw inspiration from historical events and contemporary movements, providing a unique perspective on the marginalized.One of Chandramohan's notable poems, \"Killing Shambuka,\" draws parallels between the discrimination faced by Dalit students in higher education institutions and the myth of Shambuka.",
"Another poem, \"Love in the Time of CCTV-I,\" critiques the surveillance society and its impact on personal relationships.",
"In 2016, Outlook Magazine listed him as the Dalit Achiever of the Year, acknowledging his efforts in promoting subaltern cultural awareness in Kerala.",
"He is also a part of the P. K. Rosi Foundation (after the pioneering Dalit actress P. K. Rosi)."
],
[
"Poetry collections and awards",
"Chandramohan is the author of several poetry collections, including \"Warscape Verses\" (2014), \"Love after Babel\" which won the Nicholas Guillen Outstanding book award (2020) from the Caribbean Philosophical Association and \"Letters to Namdeo Dhasal\" (2016).",
"The latter was shortlisted for prestigious literary prizes such as the Srinivas Rayaprol Poetry Prize and the Harish Govind Memorial Prize.",
"Both Love after Babel and Letters to Namdeo Dhasal were shortlisted for the Yuva Puraskar of the Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Granada Venne"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Granada Venne''' (July 26, 1944 - December 26, 2010), born Sharon Louella Venne and also known as '''Granada Gazelle''', was an artist who collaborated with General Idea throughout the 1970s.",
"Venne also worked as a wardrobe assistant in the costume department for various film and TV productions, including David Cronenberg's ''The Brood'', ''Fraggle Rock'' and ''Blue's Clues''."
],
[
"Life & Career",
"Venne became associated with General Idea when she was neighbours with AA Bronson, Felix Partz and Jorge Zontal at their first house/\"headquarters\" on 78 Gerrard Street West in Toronto.",
"Later, Venne moved in with the members of General Idea at their loft on 87 Yonge St.",
"In the early 1970s, the membership of the General Idea collective was amorphous and included such individuals as Venne, the trans-singer Pascal (Stuart Murray), Noah Dakota (Noah James), O Burst (Paul Oberst) etc.",
"One of Venne's earliest appearances in a General Idea project was starring in the group's unfinished 16mm film ''God Is My Gigolo'', shot in 1969.Venne is best known as a collaborator on the series of the Miss General Idea Pageants.",
"Venne was crowned the winner of \"Miss General Idea 1969,\" even though such an event never took place.",
"At the \"Miss General Idea 1970\" pageant, that took place during the Festival of Underground Theatre at the St. Lawrence Centre for the Arts, Venne helped crowed Honey Novick a.k.a.",
"Miss Honey as the winner.",
"For the 1971 Miss General Idea Pageant, that took place at the Art Gallery of Ontario and later awarded to Image Bank's Michael Morris (artist), entry kits were sent out through mail-art networks with a letter of invitation from Venne.",
"Venne was the \"cover girl\" of the September 1973 issue (Issue 2, No.",
"3, ''IFEL Paris'' Issue) of General Idea's FILE Megazine, a magazine publication which she often contributed to.Venne also made appearances in other General Idea projects such as ''Art’s Birthday and the Hollywood Decca Dance'' (January 17, 1974), ''Blocking'' (1974), shot at Western Front Society in Vancouver, BC, and ''Going Thru The Motions'' (1975).. She also collaborated with Michael Morris (artist) and Vincent Trasov of Image Bank on a series of ten photographs shot at \"Babyland\" in Roberts Creek, British Columbia entitled ''The Romance Of Mr. Peanut And Granada Gazelle'' (1974).Into the 1980's, Venne worked in the costume department of numerous films and television productions including as a wardrobe assistant or \"mistress\" for ''The Brood'', Humongous (1982 film) as well as on ''Fraggle Rock'' and ''Blue's Clues''."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Fighter (Tali song)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"\"'''Fighter'''\" is a song by Israeli-born Luxembourgish singer-songwriter Tali Golergant.",
"Self-described as a song about how humans suffer and persevere through struggles, the song is composed by Ana Zimmer, Dario Faini, and Manon Romiti, with lyrics written by Zimmer, Romiti, and Silvio Lisbonne.",
"It was released on 12 January 2024 by Bel Air Records.",
"The song is set to be the Luxembourgish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, to be held in Malmö.",
"The song is the first Luxembourgish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest for over 30 years, with the country last competing in 1993."
],
[
"Background and composition",
"\"Fighter\" is composed by Ana Zimmer, Dario Faini, and Manon Romiti, with lyrics for the song written by Zimmer, Romiti, and Silvio Lisbonne.",
"In interviews, Golergant has stated that the song is about how all humans suffer, and how people persevere through suffering, with Golergant in particular using her example of living in New York City and \"going through so much rejection\" within the music industry.According to Golergant, in the summer of 2023, she was notified of the national final and was convinced to compete after personal friends sent her information about the contest.",
"Golergant was officially announced to compete in the ''Luxembourg Song Contest'' on 11 December, and the song was officially premiered on 9 January 2024."
],
[
"Eurovision Song Contest",
"=== ''Luxembourg Song Contest'' ===On 12 May 2023, Luxembourgish broadcaster RTL officially announced their intent to compete in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024, marking the first bid for the country to enter the contest in 32 years, and 31 years since Luxembourg last competed.",
"RTL organized an eight-entry final, the ''Luxembourg Song Contest'', to select its entrant for 2024.The edition was the first iteration of the contest.",
"The final was held on 27 January 2024, with the final being separated into two rounds, with both rounds utilizing a 50/50 vote of juries and televoting.",
"The top three in the final would move onto a superfinal.Golergant was officially announced to compete on 11 December, with the song being released on 9 January.",
"The song was drawn to perform last out of the eight entries.",
"The performance featured Golergant in a black leather dress, surrounded by backing dancers.",
"After moving onto the superfinal, the song earned 94 points from the jury and 84 points from televoting for a combined total of 178 points in the superfinal, winning over second-place finisher, \"Drowning In The Rain\" by Krick, by 13 points.",
"As a result of the victory, Golergant won the right to represent Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 2024.=== At Eurovision ===The Eurovision Song Contest 2024 will take place at the Malmö Arena in Malmö, Sweden, and consist of two semi-finals held on the respective dates of 7 and 9 May and the final on 11 May 2024.During the allocation draw on 30 January 2024, Luxembourg was drawn to compete in the first semi-final, performing in the second half of the show."
],
[
"Track listing",
"* '''Digital download'''# \"Fighter\" 2:55"
],
[
"Charts",
"+ Chart performance for \"Fighter\" Chart (2024) Peakposition Luxembourg (''Billboard'') 11"
],
[
"Release history",
"CountryDateFormat(s)LabelVarious12 January 2024Digital downloadBel Air Records"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Kenneth Raisbeck"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Kenneth Raisbeck''' (January 5, 1899 – September 30, 1931) was an American playwright and screenwriter.",
"He co-authored the screenplays for ''Knockout Reilly'' and ''The Gay Defender''; both released by Paramount Pictures in 1927.Two of his three plays were briefly performed on Broadway: ''Torches'' and ''Rock Me, Julie''.",
"He is best remembered today for his close association with the novelist Thomas Wolfe whom he befriended while they were both students at Harvard University.",
"Wolfe based the character of Francis Starwick in his semi-autobiographical novel ''Of Time and the River'' (1935) on Raisbeck.The circumstances surrounding Raisbeck's death at the age of 32 have been the source of controversy.",
"While the police from the beginning deemed his death a murder by strangulation, a medical examiner initially determined that his death was the result of a brain infection that led to acute meningitis.",
"This dispute among officials was widely reported in the press at the time of Raisbeck's death.",
"Ultimately, the medical examiner retracted his original opinion and supported the death by strangulation finding, and Raisbeck's death was officially ruled a murder at an inquest.",
"A formal investigation into his death was made following that ruling, but his killer was never found.",
"Some 21st century scholars have speculated that Raisbeck, who was openly gay, may have been the victim of a hate crime."
],
[
"Life and career",
"Born Kenneth Romaver-Ron Raisbeck in Odell, Illinois on January 5, 1899, Raisbeck had eight older siblings and was the youngest of his parent's children.",
"He graduated from Bloomington High School in 1916, and entered Harvard University as a freshman in August of that year.",
"At Harvard he studied playwriting with George Pierce Baker, and after his graduation with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1921 he worked as Baker's graduate assistant from 1921 to 1924 in his \"47 Workshop\" playwriting course.",
"He maintained a friendship with Baker after this period and spent time visiting Baker at his home in New Hampshire during the summers.At Harvard, Raisbeck was openly gay.",
"In 1920 he befriended the writer Thomas Wolfe who was also studying at the university.",
"The two maintained a close friendship for the next several years, and in 1926 they toured Paris together along with Marjorie Crocker Fairbanks and Helen Harding.",
"At some point during this trip the two men had an argument and the friendship ceased.",
"Wolfe's 1935 semi-autobiographical novel ''Of Time and the River'', written four years after Raisbeck's death, based one of its main characters, Francis Starwick, on Raisbeck.While an undergraduate student at Harvard, Raisbeck's first play, the one act work ''Torches'', premiered at the Morosco Theatre in New York City on April 18, 1921, as part of series of public performances featuring plays created by the students in Baker's \"47 Workshop\" course.",
"This play was later performed on Broadway at the Nora Bayes Theatre on May 10, 1923, in a production directed by Clara Low as part of the \"Little Theatre Tournament\" in which 20 different plays by promising American playwrights were given their Broadway debuts under the auspices of the New York Drama League.Raisbeck's second play, '' Rock Me, Julie'' premiered at Broadway's Royale Theatre on February 3, 1931, in a production directed by James Light.",
"The play starred Paul Muni and Jean Adair and was produced by Morris Green and Lewis E. Gensler.",
"It ran for just seven performances.",
"His third play, ''The Lady of Spain'', remained unfinished at the time of Raisbeck's death at the age of 32.Raisbeck spent some time working as a screenwriter in Hollywood.",
"He co-authored the scripts to two films released by Paramount Pictures in 1927: ''Knockout Reilly'' and ''The Gay Defender''."
],
[
"Death",
"Kenneth Raisbeck died on September 30, 1931, in Westport, Connecticut.",
"His body was found in Christ Church Cemetery in Westport.",
"The circumstances surrounding his death were disputed at the time, and have remained controversial.",
"The Westport, Connecticut Police department ruled that Raisbeck was murdered and pointed to physical evidence of strangulation on Raisbeck's neck.",
"However, a medical examiner initially ruled that Raisbeck died from a bacterial infection in the brain.",
"Various scholars on Raisbeck have supported both claims, and opinions are divided.",
"However, most sources support the claim of strangulation because the medical examiner later overturned his initial finding of death due to acute meningitis in favor of death by strangulation, and an official inquest ruled his death a murder.",
"A subsequent investigation by detectives failed to catch Raisbeck's murderer.",
"Some 21st century scholars have speculated that due to Raisbeck's sexuality he may have been the victim of a hate crime."
],
[
"Notes and references",
"=== Notes ======Citations==="
],
[
"External links",
"* *"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Royal Mail (play)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Royal Mail''''' is a 1939 Australian stage play by Alexander Turner.It won Best Play at the 1939 Drama Festival in Perth.",
"It was recommended for production by the Playwrights' Advisory Board.The play was published in a collection of Turner's plays in 1945.Leslie Rees called it \"only a half success\" describing the play as a \"series of tableaux of life in a Murchison gold-mining centre—a small world that is keenly observed and full of touches of humour of character and scene.",
"There is utterly nothing derived here, but the play as a whole flounders because of insufficient energy of purpose and constructive design.",
"It would seem that Turner is at home in the single situations appropriate to his (mostly) simple people, and so ''The Golden Journey'', an atmospheric stage one-acter set on an inland railway station leading to the fields, really says just as much as does ''Royal Mail'' and is far more concise.\""
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Royal Mail at Ausstage"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Aksia"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Aksia''' is an American alternative investment management and advisory firm headquartered in New York City.",
"The company provides alternative investment solutions to institutional investors.",
"Aksia's main offices outside the U.S. are in London and Tokyo."
],
[
"Background",
"Aksia was founded in October 2006 by Jim Vos who was previously Head of the Fund of funds group at Credit Suisse and five other former executives from the same bank.The firm first became notable for advising clients to not invest with the feeder funds of Madoff Investment Securities before the Madoff investment scandal was unveiled as a ponzi scheme in late 2008.In a report written in August 2007, Aksia stated that Madoff Investment Securities had numerous red flags.",
"Initially Aksia noted that its split-strike conversion strategy could not be replicated by other firms in producing the returns and that the firm became big because it didn't charge fees but instead made money on trading commissions.",
"After speaking with Madoff Investment Securities traders and Bernard Madoff himself, Aksia learnt that the balance sheet for proprietary trading at the firm was not big enough to pay for the returns of the feeder funds.",
"In addition the proprietary trading business was barely profitable and family members who worked at the firm was secretive.",
"Aksia also hired a private investigator to look into the auditing firm working for Madoff Investment Securities, Friehling & Horowitz.When Aksia tried to call the accountants, one hung up immediately while the other was a 78-year-old man living in Florida.",
"As a result, in its report Aksia said Madoff's fund was not audited and stated four possible scenarios from Madoff's work being completely above board to it being a fraud.Despite the large demand from institutional investors for advice, there were only a select handful of specialists who could fulfill such needs.",
"Due to Aksia's increased reputation for thorough due diligence and research, its employees were high sought after with some being poached by rival firms which raised concerns about Aksia's turnover.",
"Compared to its older peers, Aksia had only been in the business for several years.",
"In January 2010, Aksia sued two former employees for $40 million.",
"Aksia claimed the two took confidential and proprietary information from it to their new firm, Albourne Partners.",
"It also claimed they contacted Aksia clients and told them to move their business to Albourne.",
"In March 2010, Aksia amended the lawsuit to increase the scope to include Albourne and its executives.",
"In June 2010, Aksia and Albourne agreed to a settlement one day before the trial began.In January 2020, Aksia announced that it would acquire TorreyCove Capital Partners, a San Diego-based advisory firm specializing in private equity and real assets.",
"In October 2020, Aksia announced it would acquire Alignium LLC, a Chicago-based consulting firm specializing in real estate.",
"Aksia has stated both acquisitions were done to increase its asset class coverage and that it would take steps to address any potential conflicts of interest.On April 8, 2020, Aksia send out a letter to its clients stating that they should not take advantage of the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP).",
"It stated PPP loans should not be going to alternative asset managers whose management fees are not significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic.",
"Managers who take advantage of the program would show not just poor moral judgment and hurt the reputation of the industry but also crowd out struggling workers and businesses severely impacted by COVID-19."
],
[
"Notable cases",
"In October 2014, Aksia downgraded its rating on then-hedge fund BlueCrest Capital Management to uninvestable and advised its clients to pull out their money due to a lack of transparency.",
"This came after BlueCrest received attention in the media earlier in the year due to Albourne Partners downgrading it stating it had not provided sufficient information on its proprietary trading fund, BlueCrest Staff Managed Account (BSMA) would could have conflict of interest issues.",
"In December 2020, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission announced that BlueCrest had agreed to pay $170 million to settle charges arising from inadequate disclosures, material misstatements, and misleading omissions concerning its transfer of top traders from its flagship client fund, BlueCrest Capital International (BCI) to BSMA and replacement of those traders with an underperforming algorithm.In October 2020, Aksia urged its clients not to provide any more money to Apollo Global Management amid lingering question over co-founder Leon Black’s relationship with Jeffrey Epstein.",
"It stated it was prudent to delay any new commitments until the investigation of the relationship by Dechert was completed and if there was indeed a relationship, investors that recently committed new capital an Apollo fund could be subject to intense scrutiny.",
"In January 2021, Dechert released a report stating that Black had paid Epstein $158 million for financial advice from 2012 through 2017 which lead to Black resigning from his position as Apollo's CEO a few months later.In October 2023 Aksia rescinded its approval for Brookfield Corporation's special situations fund after two top executives left."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Middle East Trophy"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Middle East Trophy''' is a sports car racing and touring car racing series developed by Creventic and with approval from the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), based in the Middle East.",
"The races in the series are contested with GT3-spec cars, GT4-spec cars, sports cars, 24H-Specials, like silhouette cars, TCR Touring Cars, TCX cars and TC cars.",
"The calendar consists of rounds ranging from 6-hour to 24-hour races."
],
[
"Creventic",
"The Dutch agency Creventic is the organiser and promoter of the series.",
"Their goals are to organise races with \"low costs, a convivial atmosphere with teams and drivers from all over the world and fair competition on the track.\"",
"In co-operation with the Dutch National Racing Team (DNRT) – one of the biggest motorsport organisations of the Benelux – they organised the inaugural Dubai 24 Hour in 2006.Creventic is also the organiser of the 24H Series and the Touring Car Endurance Series."
],
[
"History",
"On 23 September 2022, Creventic announced the formation of the Middle East Trophy, with the first race taking place on 30 November.",
"On 23 September 2023, it was announced that the series would return for the 2023–24 season."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Desert Tech WLVRN"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The WLVRN's first public debut was in 2024 during a pre Shot Show announcement by Desert Tech, while at the same time discontinuing the previous Semi Auto Bullpup produced by Desert Tech, the MDRX and announcing an automatic Bullpup Rifle the Desert Tech Sabertooth."
],
[
"See also",
"'''Bullpup rifles'''* Desert Tech MDR* Desert Tech Sabertooth* FN F2000* A-91* Kel-Tec RFB"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Karen Colley"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Karen J. Colley''' is an American glycobiologist and academic administrator serving as the provost of the University of Illinois Chicago since 2023.She is a professor of biochemistry and molecular genetics and the editor-in-chief of ''Glycobiology''."
],
[
"Life",
"Colley earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry from Duke University.",
"She completed a Ph.D. in biochemistry from the Washington University in St. Louis.",
"She was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, Los Angeles where she researched cell and molecular biology.In 1991, Colley joined the University of Illinois Chicago as an assistant processor of biochemistry.",
"She was promoted to full professor in 2002.She researches glycobiology.",
"Colley was president of the Society for Glycobiology.",
"Colley was the cofounder of the graduate education in medical sciences program at the University of Illinois College of Medicine.",
"She was later the associate director of the medical scientist training program and the associate dean for graduate research and education at the college of medicine.",
"She served as the interim dean for research and senior associate dean for faculty affairs at the college of medicine.",
"From 2012 to 2022, she was dean of the graduate college and a professor of biochemistry and molecular genetics.",
"During this time she served as the interim dean of the university library from August 2020 to 2021, acting provost from May to August 2021 and June 2022 to June 2023.On July 21, 2023, she became the provost and vice chancellor for academic affairs of the University of Illinois Chicago.",
"Colley is the editor-in-chief of ''Glycobiology''."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Nguyễn Ngọc Hảo"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Nguyễn Ngọc Hảo''' is a Vietnamese former football manager."
],
[
"Early life",
"He attended university in Vietnam."
],
[
"Career",
"He was described as \"many years of success in leading Nam Dinh and even Khatoco Khanh Hoa\"."
],
[
"Personal life",
"He is a native of Nam Dinh, Vietnam."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"World Freshwater Aquarium Aquatotto Gifu"
],
[
"Introduction",
" is a Public aquarium located in Kawashima Kasada-cho, Kakamigahara City, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.",
"It is nicknamed '''Aquatotto Gifu''' ('''アクアトト・ぎふ''').It is an inland aquarium.",
"Opened on July 14, 2004, it is the largest freshwater aquarium in Japan."
],
[
"History",
"It is one of the Japan's largest aquariums specializing in freshwater fish, and when combined with the aforementioned River Environment Paradise and surrounding research facilities, it forms \"the world's only and largest river environment learning zone.",
"The aquarium was established by Gifu Prefecture, but the management of the aquarium was entrusted to Enoshima Marine Corporation, the management company of the former Enoshima Aquarium, which closed in 2003, and the company's chairman, Yukiko Hori, who has certain ties to Gifu Prefecture, is the sister of Takao Fujii, Heigo Fujii's daughter.",
"Director of the Japan Association of Zoos and Aquariums, and Director of the Enoshima Aquarium) serves as honorary director.",
"The concept of the museum is \"a place where children and adults can enjoy learning and thinking about the natural environment and river environment of Gifu Prefecture as a place for practicing environmental education and as a regional exchange center, as well as a facility with healing effects.",
"Prior to the opening of the facility, a nationwide contest was held to select a nickname for the facility, and after a selection process of nearly 5,000 entries, a fourth grader's idea from Ogaki City was selected as the grand prize winner and chosen as the \"Aqua Totto Gifu\".",
"The name was chosen because it is easy to remember and familiar, even though \"aqua\" and \"totto\" are infant words meaning \"water\" and \"fish,\" respectively.The aquarium has a friendly relationship with the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga.",
"Mekong giant catfishThe aquarium has about 220 species of animals (arthropods and vertebrates) and about 30 species of plants (about 2,000 items) on display.",
"The most popular exhibits include the Mekong giant catfish, Giant freshwater stingray, otter, and capybara.",
"The number of annual visitors to the museum was approximately 747,000 in 2004 (the first year of its opening) and 506,000 in 2005 (the second year of its opening), and has been hovering around the 400,000 mark since, but recovered to the 500,000 mark in 2014 (2014), with 500,044 visitors.",
"45.4%, Gifu Prefecture 26.8%, and Mie Prefecture 11.6%, with the three Tokai prefectures accounting for over 80%.In 2018, the park was certified as a \"Rare Species Conservation Zoo and Botanical Garden\" by the Minister of the Environment for the first time in Japan (No.",
"1 certification), along with Toyama City Family Park in Toyama City, Toyama Prefecture.",
"The term is for five years.The park is registered as a Gifu Prefecture Machikado Art Museum and Museum.",
"*1999**The Gifu World Freshwater Fish Park (nicknamed \"Oasis Park\") was opened.",
"*2002**October: Construction of the Aqua Toto Gifu World Freshwater Fish Park Aquarium (nicknamed \"Aqua Toto Gifu\") began within the Gifu World Freshwater Fish Park.",
"*2004**March : Construction of the aquarium was completed.",
"July 14: The aquarium's nickname, \"Aqua Toto Gifu,\" was chosen from a nationwide public contest.",
"**July 14: Aqua Toto Gifu opens under the management and operation of Enoshima Marine Corporation under the designated manager system.",
"*2005**March 24: Birth of a female small-clawed otter.",
"**July 8: Aldabra giant tortoise exhibition begins.",
"**August 1: A designated manager system is introduced for the entire World Freshwater Fish Park (Oasis Park), a comprehensive facility consisting of an aquarium, waterways, a Ferris wheel, convenience stores, and other facilities.",
"**August 15: The number of visitors to the aquarium reaches 1 million since its opening.",
"*2006**January 18: A male and female otter were born.",
"**March 31: The number of visitors to the aquarium reached 506,194 for the 2005 fiscal year.",
"**April 22: Public rehearsals for the sea lion show began.",
"**July 14: Sea lion show begins.",
"**October 4 : The number of visitors reached 1.5 million since its opening.",
"**Unknown date: The museum receives the \"Breeding Award\" from the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums for the breeding success of the Lethenteron reissneri.",
"*2008**March 2: The number of visitors reached 2 million since its opening.",
"**March 20 : Capybara exhibit begins.**March.",
"31 : The number of visitors in FY2007 (fiscal year 2007) was 369,240 (the lowest number until FY2014).**December.",
"6: The number of visitors to the sea lion show reached 500,000 since its first show.*2009**March.",
"31 : The number of visitors to the aquarium reached 406,427 for the fiscal year 2008.",
"**September 25, 2009: The museum received the \"Breeding Award\" from the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums for its breeding success of the black salamander.",
"*2010**March 31, 2010 : The number of visitors in FY2009 was 431,151.",
"**June 4 : Part of the 3rd and 4th floors were renovated.",
"**June 11: The museum received the \"Breeding Award\" from the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums for the breeding success of the mountain red-legged frog and the nagare toad.",
"*2011**March 31, 2011 : The number of visitors to the aquarium in FY2010 was 418,620.",
"**September 2, 2011: The aquarium was awarded the \"Breeding Prize\" by the Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums for its achievements in the breeding of the Japanese freshwater crab.",
"*2012**March 31: The number of visitors to the aquarium in FY2011 was 419,447.",
"**December: Began exhibiting giant tortoise (transferred from Kobe Oji Zoo).",
"*2018**September 14: Began exhibiting Silurus tomodai, which was announced as a new species in August of the same year.",
"*2021**November: will be suspended.",
"However, training is continued as part of the sea lion's health management, and is open to the public as training time.",
"*2022**May 17: Due to the aging of the sea lions, the sea lion show, which had been temporarily suspended since *2023**February 28: Training time is suspended and the public is closed to the public due to the aging of the sea lions.",
"**October 3: The southern American fur seal (bred privately) is moved to Tobu Zoo for a breeding loan."
],
[
"Research and conservation",
"Mekong giant catfish when the aquarium first openedThe aquarium has been focusing its research efforts on the Mekong giant catfish, and based on 13 years of observation records, the aquarium has found that the Mekong giant catfish has the physiological ability to endure long periods of fasting, which can last up to one year, and that it maintains a periodic cycle that matches the local dry and rainy seasons.The paper was published in the electronic edition of Ichthyological Research, an English-language journal of the Ichthyological Society of Japan.The aquarium has also organized a Mekong giant catfish scientific research committee with academic experts to report on research and raise public awareness, and holds an annual meeting to exchange information on the habitat and findings from observations in the aquarium.Researchers, university students, and aquarium staff have conducted distribution surveys as part of joint research, and in the past have held hands-on learning programs, held a symposium on the conservation of Pseudorasbora pugnax, which is considered a rare species in Gifu Prefecture, and displayed Onychodactylus pyrrhonotus, which was newly described as a species in February 2022.The Minister of the Environment presented him with the \"Wildlife Conservation Merit Award\" for his efforts to conserve endangered species such as Deepbody bitterling and Abe's salamander, which are listed on the Red List as Endangered species.Also cooperation with the Gifu Prefectural Fisheries Research Institute, the \"River Environment Paradise Environmental Education Network\" was established in 2005 to conduct environmental education activities."
],
[
"Exhibits",
"building seen from aboveInteriorBotanical garden*4th floor**Nagara River headwaters area*3rd floor**Upstream to midstream area of the Nagara River**Nagara River downstream area*Second floor** Aquatic insects living in Gifu and Satoyama creatures aquarium**Freshwater fish doctor's exploration hut**Scientists are conducting environmental research on the Mekong River on the banks of the Mekong River.",
"**Mekong River Area**Lake Tanganyika area*1st floor**Amazon River Area**Special exhibition space**Giant Tortoise Plaza**Capybara Terrace**Outdoor stage**Clear stream contact pool**Fish area that inhabits the Nagara River**Entrance hall**Theme aquarium**Toto Lab**Multipurpose hall**AROWANA GARDEN (cafe/restaurant)**Fish Tank (Museum Shop)"
],
[
"Gallery",
"'''Exterior'''File:Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium - 4.jpgFile:Courtyard of Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium.jpgFile:The experience feeding to fish in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium - 2.jpgFile:Second floor of Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium - 2.jpgFile:Third floor of Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium.jpgFile:Gasterosteus microcephalus.JPGFile:Aonyx cinerea in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium - 1.jpgFile:Capybara House of Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium.jpgFile:Parahucho perryi in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium - 1.jpgFile:Pangasianodon gigas in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium - 2.jpgFile:Malapterurus sp.",
"in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium.jpgFile:Gekko gecko in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium - 2.jpgFile:Little egret in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium.jpgFile:Oxydoras niger in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium.jpgFile:Capybaras in Gifu World Fresh Water Aquarium.jpgFile:Aqua totto Gifu Sea Lion Show.jpg"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Official Site"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Sociedade Esportiva Guaxupé"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Sociedade Esportiva Guaxupé''', simply known as '''Esportiva''' or '''Esportiva Guaxupé''', is a Brazilian football club based in Guaxupé, Minas Gerais."
],
[
"History",
"The club was founded on 13 February 1952 with the merger of EC Mogiana, Palmeirinha FC and Vila Rica FC.",
"The club entered professional football in 1975, directly in the elite of the Campeonato Mineiro, a time when there were no lower levels.",
"Competed in the first division on five occasions (1975, 1976, 1979, 1980, 1981), with the best result as an 8th in 1980, and being relegated in 1981.Esportiva last participation in professional football was in the 2016 Campeonato Mineiro Segunda Divisão, and in 2021 he signed up again to compete in the championship, but withdrew due to problems with the structure of the stadium."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Enshrouded"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Enshrouded''''' is a survival action role-playing video game by Keen Games.",
"It was launched via early access on 24 January 2024 for Microsoft Windows.",
"The game is set to be released in late 2024 for Windows, PlayStation 5, and Xbox Series X and Series S."
],
[
"Gameplay",
"''Enshrouded'' is a survival action role-playing video game played from a third-person perspective.",
"It supports up to 16 players at once.",
"The game's world is set in Embervale, an open world which can be freely explored by players.",
"The overworld is where players can build their bases, gather resources, and craft new equipment and gear.",
"Players will be able to summon friendly non-playable characters to their base, who will then provide players with new crafting recipes and quests.",
"Players can also explore areas which are covered by a thick layer of fog named \"the Shroud\".",
"These areas are dangerous as they are filled with hostile monsters, and players can only stay within it for a limited period of time before their character dies; however, players can find valuable loot and treasure chests which regenerate regularly in the Shrouded area.",
"Like other survival games, players need to manage their hunger and thirst level; however, hunger and thirst only affect the player character's efficiency in combat.",
"Drinking water boosts the player's endurance, while eating food boosts their constitution.",
"''Enshrouded'' also has a sleep mechanic.",
"Players can use a variety of weapons to defeat enemies, and they can dodge and parry hostile attacks.",
"As players progress in the game, they will unlock new talents, further boosting their combat capabilities and allowing players to specialize in one of three classes: Trickster, Battlemage, or Survivor.",
"They will unlock a glider and a grappling hook, both of which aid their traversal in the game's world.",
"If the player character dies in the game, players will keep all of their equipped gear and crafted items, and only lose all of the raw resources they have collected."
],
[
"Development",
"''Enshrouded'' is being developed and published by German studio Keen Games, which previously developed ''Portal Knights''.",
"The developers drew inspirations from games such as ''The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild'' and ''Valheim''.",
"While the combat was influenced by \"Soulsborne\" games, it was not designed to be as challenging.",
"It was envisioned as a \"welcoming\" game for players who are unfamiliar with the survival game genre.Keen announced the game in May 2023.An 8-hour demo for the game was released during Steam Next Fest in November 2023.",
"''Enshrouded'' was released via Steam's early access model on January 24, 2024.PlayStation 5 and Xbox Series X and Series S versions are also currently in development."
],
[
"Reception",
"=== Sales ===''Enshrouded'' sold over one million copies in its first four days of launch."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Desert Tech Sabertooth"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The Sabertooth's first public debut was in 2024 during a pre Shot Show announcement by Desert Tech, while at the same time discontinuing the previous Semi Auto Bullpup produced by Desert Tech, the MDRX and announcing a semi automatic Bullpup Rifle the Desert Tech WLVRN."
],
[
"See also",
"'''Bullpup Rifles'''* Desert Tech MDR* FN F2000* A-91* Kel-Tec RFB* WLVRN"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Lon Chaney Cabin"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Lon Chaney Cabin''' is a historic building in Inyo County, California.",
"Constructed in 1930 as a retreat for the early 20th-century actor Lon Chaney by Paul R. Williams, it was used as a retreat by Chaney.",
"As of 2024, the rustic-style cabin is closed to the public and is currently being used as a ranger station.",
"It is in Cienega Mirth near the Big Pine Creek, known for its trout."
],
[
"History",
"The cabin was built from 1929 to 1930, costing $12,000 ().",
"It was designed by Paul R. Williams, who had designed other buildings for celebrities such as Frank Sinatra.",
"It was the only alpine structure he ever worked on.Chaney rarely used the cabin, as he died of lung cancer in 1930.It was sold in 1932 and 1955.In 1964, the Wilderness Act was passed, slating the cabin for destruction until it was realized that the dynamite that was to be used to destroy the building would also damage the surrounding forest."
],
[
"Features",
"The building is made from granite and lodgepole pine.",
"It is rectangular and has a gable roof and thick rock walls.",
"It has a tongue and groove floor with a rock fireplace.",
"Light was provided by a hanging kerosene lamp.No money is provided to maintain the cabin's interior, but volunteer groups routinely maintain the exterior."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Danny Ford (politician)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Danny Ford''' is an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1982 to 2013.Ford was first elected to the house in 1981 after incumbent representative Harold DeMarcus retired.",
"He did not seek reelection in 2012 and was succeeded by David Meade."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"2024 French farmers' protests"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Upside down sign in Ardèche at Saint-Remèze|alt=Upside down sign in Ardèche at Saint-Remèze|thumbImprovised road blockage in January 2024 by the FNSEA in Occitania at L'Isle-JourdainThe '''2024 French farmers' protests''' are a series of protests and road blockages organized mainly by agricultural unions (FNSEA, , , ) since 18 January 2024.The farmers protested against low food prices, proposed reductions in state subsidies for farmers' diesel fuel, and a EU-Mercosur free trade agreement.",
"In response to the protests, Gabriel Attal's government scrapped proposed reductions in government subsidies for agricultural diesel and other measures to reduce financial and bureaucratic burdens for farmers, but the protests persisted."
],
[
"Chronology",
"Since October of 2023 smaller-scale pacific actions where have been carried out first in Occitania and then in other regions by farmers such as turning upside down municipal signage, this movement is called \"On marche sur la tête\", literally \"we walk on the head\" which is a french expression for \"it's nonsense\".The movement started from Occitania, first with a demonstration in Toulouse on 16 January, which had no impact.",
"Occitan farmers (Jérôme Bayle) then decided to block the A64 motorway Toulouse-Tarbes on 18 January.",
"The movement has damaged property, including government buildings.",
"Thus, on the night of January 18 to 19, an administration building was blown up by an explosion in Carcassonne (Occitania).",
"This act was claimed by the Comité Régional d'Action Viticole (CRAV), a radical Occitan group of winemakers.On 23 January, a 37-year-old Occitan farmer and her 12-year-old daughter were killed after a car crashed into a roadblock where they were standing.",
"The farmer's husband was badly injured.",
"Major roads have been affected in France from January 23.Protesters planned to besiege Paris starting January 29.Some Occitan activists from Lot-et-Garonne of the Rural coordination of Agen (Karine Duc and José Perez) even managed to enter the Rungis market (near Paris) but they were immediately arrested by the police.Occitan farmers from the Rural Coordination on a road blockage on 24 January 2024.Occitan Farmers on a motorway near Agen on 22 January 2024.The blockades of autoroutes were removed by 3 February 2024 after promises announced by Prime Minister Gabriel Attal on February 1.These protests are analogous to the 2024 Italian protests for agriculture."
],
[
"See also",
"* 2024 European farmers' protests"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"MRT Pass"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''MRT Pass''' is a smart card automated fare collection system based on near-field communication (NFC) technology used on participating public transit systems in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh."
],
[
"Card usage",
"A passenger is using MRT Pass at a Dhaka Metro Rail station|265x265pxThis card is currently used in Dhaka Metro Rail.",
"Passengers will get a 10% discount on the fare for using the MRT Pass or Rapid Pass."
],
[
"Purchase and recharge",
"For the card, one has to register and purchase the card (Through filling up this form.",
"It can be collected from the excess fair or customer service office in any Dhaka metro rail station.)",
"from the excess fare office or customer service centre at any station of Dhaka Metro Rail and reload from the ticket machines.",
"The price of MRT Pass is 500 taka (300 taka pre-recharged on the card)."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Sevinç, Odunpazarı"
],
[
"Introduction",
" '''Sevinç''' is a mahalle of the municipality and district of Odunpazarı, Eskişehir Province, Turkey.",
"As of 2022, its population is 1,197.Sevinç is located about 15 km east of Eskişehir, on the south side of the Porsuk Çayı.",
"There is an archaeological tell immediately above the village, and the remains of two column capitals that probably date from the early Byzantine period have been found in Sevinç."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Bahtıllı"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Bahtıllı''' is a village in the Simav District of Kütahya Province, Turkey.",
"As of 2022, its population is 383.Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (''belde'').Bahtıllı is located on the upper edge of the Simav Çayı's plain, and is separated by a low range of hills from the Simav Gölü.",
"It is 20 km from the town of Simav, 106 km west-southwest of the city of Kütahya, and 118 km south of Bursa.About 1 km west of the village are the ruins of a square fortress, with walls about 70 m long on each side.",
"The walls are partly overgrown with brush, but they are easily visible on all sides.",
"The north wall is the best preserved, and at the northeast corner a 7 m-tall section is still standing.",
"The walls are made of broken rubbly stone (''\"bruchstein\"'') embedded in a white mortar matrix; in the past, they would have been clad with large stone blocks.",
"Some of these larger blocks are still visible, embedded in the mortar.",
"The whole complex dates from sometime between the 600s and the 1200s and probably follows an earlier Roman fortress.",
"Numerous spolia present in the modern village of Bahtıllı likely came from an earlier settlement near the fortress.",
"The spolia mainly consists of Roman-era fragments, but some early Byzantine column capitals are also present.An ancient Greek inscription found at Bahtıllı refers to it as \"Goloinon gerousia\" (Γολοινῶν γερουσία), indicating that the place's ancient name may have been '''Goloē''' or '''Goloia'''.",
"A couple of other inscriptions, dating from the early 4th century, appear to have originally come from the nearby ancient city of Ankyra.Women in Bahtıllı, in addition to working in agriculture or animal husbandry, also contribute to the family economy by hand-weaving and embroidering things like aprons.",
"The aprons are decorated with various floral or geometric designs, with common motifs including carnations and the tree of life.",
"Historically, local women spun the thread themselves from raw wool fibers, but today they buy factory-spun thread instead.",
"Local women also make fabric waist ties for commercial purposes."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Ninh Văn Bảo"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ninh Văn Bảo''' (1945-2002) was a Vietnamese football manager."
],
[
"Early life",
"He played football and operated as a midfielder."
],
[
"Career",
"He managed Vietnamese side Thep Xanh Nam Dinh FC."
],
[
"Management style",
"He was described as \"people still talk about this team's \"very strange\" playing style.",
"Actually, there's nothing too difficult to explain about it.",
"That is \"knowing who knows you\" from team leaders, coaches to players.",
"A style that does not emphasize exuberance but emphasizes efficiency.",
"A style of play with the mobility of the sideline players\"."
],
[
"Personal life",
"He was a native of Nam Dinh, Vietnam."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Corus Chess Tournament 2003"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Corus Chess Tournament 2003''' was the 65th edition of the Corus Chess Tournament.",
"It was held in Wijk aan Zee in January 2003 and was won by Viswanathan Anand.",
":+ 65th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group A, 11–26 January 2003, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIX (2701) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2753 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ ½ '''8½''' 2806 2 2700 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 '''8''' 2788 3 2729 ½ ½ 0 0 1 1 0 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 '''7½''' 2755 4 2723 0 ½ 1 1 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 0 ½ '''7''' 45.75 2728 5 2668 ½ ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 0 0 ½ 1 '''7''' 44.25 2732 6 2712 ½ 0 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ '''7''' 43.25 2729 7 2699 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 '''7''' 42.50 2730 8 2807 ½ ½ 1 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 1 1 '''7''' 42.50 2721 9 2624 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 1 1 '''6½''' 38.25 2706 10 2743 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ 1 1 '''6½''' 37.75 2697 11 2688 0 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 1 ½ '''6''' 37.00 2672 12 2734 0 ½ 0 0 1 ½ 0 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''6''' 35.50 2669 13 2633 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 0 0 ½ ½ '''4½''' 2596 14 2594 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 0 0 ½ 0 ½ '''2½''' 2458:+ 65th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group B, 11–26 January 2003, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XI (2525) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2624 1 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 '''11''' 2813 2 2427 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 '''8''' 48.50 2620 3 2585 0 0 1 1 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 0 1 '''8''' 47.25 2607 4 2553 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 '''7½''' 2580 5 2547 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 0 '''7''' 2552 6 2504 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 0 1 1 '''6½''' 2527 7 2623 ½ ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 1 0 0 1 0 ½ ½ '''6''' 40.25 2489 8 2509 0 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ '''6''' 36.75 2497 9 2496 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ 1 0 ½ 1 1 '''6''' 33.25 2498 10 2569 1 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ '''5½''' 38.25 2465 11 2570 0 0 0 0 ½ 1 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 '''5½''' 30.75 2465 12 2456 0 0 0 0 ½ 1 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ '''5''' 29.25 2443 13 2436 0 0 1 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 1 '''5''' 28.50 2445 14 2452 0 1 0 0 1 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 '''4''' 2390:+ 65th Corus Chess Tournament, invitation tens, 17–26 January 2003, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"VIII (2434) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2506 0 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 '''7''' 2646 2 2470 1 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 '''6½''' 25.00 2596 3 2569 0 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 '''6½''' 24.25 2585 4 2504 ½ 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''6''' 2551 5 2527 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 1 '''5½''' 2503 6 2438 0 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 1 1 1 '''5''' 2476 7 2417 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 ½ ½ 1 '''3''' 9.50 2310 8 2342 0 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 '''3''' 9.25 2319 9 2325 0 0 0 ½ 0 0 ½ ½ 0 '''1½''' 2173 10 2238 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 '''1''' 2104"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Corus Chess Tournament 2004"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Corus Chess Tournament 2004''' was the 66th edition of the Corus Chess Tournament.",
"It was held in Wijk aan Zee in January 2004 and was won by Viswanathan Anand.",
":+ 66th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group A, 10–25 January 2004, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIX (2702) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2766 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 1 '''8½''' 2808 2 2722 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''8''' 49.75 2788 3 2720 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''8''' 49.25 2788 4 2735 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 '''7½''' 48.50 2757 5 2679 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 0 '''7½''' 46.75\t 2761 6 2777 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 0 ½ 0 1 ½ '''6½''' 41.50 2697 7 2714 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 1 1 1 ½ 0 '''6½''' 41.25 2702 8 2617 ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 '''6½''' 41.25 2709 9 2747 ½ ½ ½ 1 0 0 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ '''6''' 39.50 2670 10 2693 0 ½ ½ 0 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 '''6''' 36.25 2674 11 2736 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 '''6''' 35.75 2671 12 2706 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 1 0 ½ ½ 0 0 ½ ½ '''5''' 33.25 2615 13 2644 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 '''5''' 29.50 2620 14 2578 0 0 0 0 1 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 '''4''' 2571:+ 66th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group B, 10–25 January 2004, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIII (2560) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2603 ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 1 ½ 0 1 1 1 1 1 '''9''' 2698 2 2605 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 '''8½''' 2667 3 2636 ½ ½ 0 1 0 0 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 ½ '''8''' 2641 4 2571 1 ½ 1 0 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 0 '''7½''' 49.25 2616 5 2581 ½ 0 0 1 ½ 1 1 1 0 ½ 0 1 1 '''7½''' 46.25 2616 6 2489 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 0 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ '''6½''' 42.25 2566 7 2576 0 ½ 1 1 0 ½ ½ 1 0 0 1 0 1 '''6½''' 41.75 2559 8 2600 ½ ½ 0 0 0 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 '''6½''' 37.75 2557 9 2478 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 1 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 '''6''' 2537 10 2490 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 0 1 ½ ½ 0 0 1 ½ '''5½''' 2509 11 2588 0 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ '''5''' 30.50 2471 12 2586 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 ½ ½ 0 '''5''' 30.50 2471 13 2497 0 ½ 0 0 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ '''5''' 30.00 2478 14 2542 0 0 ½ 1 0 ½ 0 0 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ '''4½''' 2452:+ 66th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group C, 10–25 January 2004, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"IX (2454) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2484 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 0 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 '''10½''' 2702 2 2474 0 1 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 '''10''' 2663 3 2505 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 '''9''' 2591 4 2548 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 0 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 '''8''' 40.00 2533 5 2407 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 '''8''' 39.75 2544 6 2583 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 0 1 0 1 1 '''7½''' 43.00 2501 7 2323 0 0 1 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 0 1 1 1 '''7½''' 38.00 2521 8 2615 1 ½ 0 1 ½ 0 0 0 ½ ½ 1 1 1 '''7''' 2470 9 2493 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 1 1 '''6½''' 2451 10 2489 ½ 0 0 0 0 1 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 '''6''' 27.25 2422 11 2580 0 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 '''6''' 26.75 2415 12 2419 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 ½ 1 '''3½''' 2281 13 2225 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ½ ½ '''1''' 2070 14 2206 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ½ '''½''' 1972"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Harry Moberly"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Harry Moberly''' is an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1980 to 2011.Moberly was first elected to the house in 1979 after defeating incumbent representative Dwight Wells in the May primary election.",
"He did not seek reelection in 2010 and was succeeded by Rita Smart."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Corus Chess Tournament 2005"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Corus Chess Tournament 2005''' was the 67th edition of the Corus Chess Tournament.",
"It was held in Wijk aan Zee in January 2005 and was won by Peter Leko.",
":+ 67th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group A, 15–30 January 2005, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIX (2721) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2749 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ ½ '''8½''' 2829 2 2786 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ '''8''' 2803 3 2757 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ ½ '''7½''' 2775 4 2728 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 1 '''7''' 45.00 2749 5 2710 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ '''7''' 44.50 2751 6 2741 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ '''7''' 44.00 2748 7 2754 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 '''7''' 43.00 2747 8 2679 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ '''6½''' 42.00 2724 9 2700 ½ 0 0 1 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''6½''' 38.50 2722 10 2652 0 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 '''6½''' 37.00 2726 11 2735 0 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ '''6''' 2691 12 2674 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 1 '''5½''' 2667 13 2741 ½ 0 ½ 1 0 0 ½ ½ 0 0 ½ 0 1 '''4½''' 2609 14 2685 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 0 '''3½''' 2549:+ 67th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group B, 15–30 January 2005, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIII (2564) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2599 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 '''9½''' 2737 2 2475 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 '''8½''' 52.00 2681 3 2657 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 '''8½''' 47.25 2667 4 2648 1 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ '''8''' 2645 5 2572 0 ½ 1 1 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ '''7½''' 47.00 2621 6 2652 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''7½''' 46.00 2615 7 2553 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 1 ½ '''7''' 2594 8 2524 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ '''6½''' 2568 9 2491 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 0 1 1 '''6''' 2541 10 2490 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 '''5½''' 2513 11 2509 0 0 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 0 ½ 1 1 1 '''5''' 2482 12 2549 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 1 ½ 1 ½ 0 0 ½ '''4½''' 2456 13 2676 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 0 0 ½ 0 1 ½ '''4''' 2415 14 2507 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 0 0 ½ ½ '''3''' 2358:+ 67th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group C, 15–30 January 2005, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"VII (2422) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2517 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 '''10½''' 2665 2 2603 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 '''10''' 56.50 2619 3 2465 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 '''10''' 53.50 2629 4 2531 0 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ ½ 1 1 0 1 '''9''' 53.50 2554 5 2605 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 0 ½ 1 1 1 ½ '''9''' 53.50 2548 6 2399 ½ ½ 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 '''6½''' 32.25 2423 7 2381 0 0 ½ 0 0 1 ½ ½ 1 0 1 1 1 '''6½''' 31.75 2425 8 2316 0 0 0 0 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 0 1 '''5½''' 2373 9 2383 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 0 '''5''' 33.00 2337 10 2426 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 0 ½ ½ 0 1 1 1 '''5''' 24.25 2334 11 2366 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 '''4''' 17.50 2285 12 2349 0 0 0 0 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 1 1 1 '''4''' 15.75 2286 13 2295 ½ 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 '''3½''' 2256 14 2265 0 0 0 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 '''2½''' 2183"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Petroleum Executive"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Petroleum Executive''' was a UK government body established during World War I to regulate the production, import, storage, allocation, distribution and use of petroleum and petroleum products throughout the United Kingdom."
],
[
"Background",
"The successful operation of the mechanised First World War was critically dependent on the availability of petroleum and petroleum products.",
"New weapons such as aircraft and tanks; together with transport and logistics required petroleum for their operation.",
"High explosives such as TNT was made from toluol derived from petroleum.",
"But the most critical use was in shipping for the Royal Navy and merchant fleets.",
"Three quarters of Britain's oil came from the United States.",
"By early 1917 German submarines made special efforts to attack petroleum tankers.",
"As a result, British Admiralty officials identified that there would soon be a critical shortage of fuel.",
"Fleet commanders were given notice to restrict the operation of their vessels.",
"The instigation of the convoy system, with merchant shipping protected by Naval vessels, improved the supply of petroleum.There was also a domestic fuel shortage, in part a consequence of the Navy's demand.",
"The Admiralty requisitioned so many tankers for its own needs that there were insufficient to carry petrol.",
"Stocks of petrol fell from 36 million gallons on 1 January 1916 to 12.5 million gallons on 31 July 1916.The supply crisis prompted the government to act.",
"On 22 May 1917 the War Cabinet instructed Walter Long, the Secretary of State for the Colonies, to examine the whole question of petroleum supplies."
],
[
"Petroleum Executive",
"The Petroleum Executive was established in December 1917.Long was the Minister-in-charge and he appointed Professor John Cadman as the Director.",
"Cadman was the liaison officer between various government departments.",
"The Executive's remit was to ensure that all military and naval services had adequate supplies of oil, to address issues of general policy, and to co-ordinate those Government departments with an interest in petroleum.Supplies were allocated and rationed with the armed forces given priority.",
"The Petroleum Executive had taken steps to get control over as much oil as possible.",
"Domestic production was also encouraged; as one American observer noted ‘the Petroleum Executive was untiring in its effort to stimulate the production within the United Kingdom of oil suitable for use as fuel, whether from coal tar and blast furnaces or the distillation of Scotch shales, of cannel coals, or of pitch and coal tar’.The Petroleum Executive was established in wartime over a crisis in Britain's oil supplies; after the war, the government had to decide whether to have a body to co-ordinate oil policy.",
"Long and Cadman wanted to eventually develop the Executive into a Ministry of Petroleum, but this would need departments to relinquish control over their interests in petroleum.The independent Petroleum Executive was retained for a few years, but in 1922 it was retrenched into the Board of Trade as a cost cutting measure.In the interwar period the strategic production, storage and use of oil was overseen by the Committee of Imperial Defence: Oil Fuel Board (1925-1939).",
"Topics covered include civil and military requirements for oil, oil requirements in war-time, tanker tonnage and oil stocks, oil from coal and the treatment of coal.",
"At the outbreak of World War 2 the Petroleum Board was established."
],
[
"Personnel",
"Notable people and their role in the Petroleum Executive were:* Walter Hume Long, later Viscount Long (1954-1924), MP Secretary of State for the Colonies* Sir John Cadman, later Baron Cadman (1877-1941), Director 1917-21* Sir Boverton Redwood (1846-1919), Director of Technical Investigation 1917-19* Edward S. Shrapnell-Smith (1875-1952), deputy director, Chief Economy Advisor 1917-19* Edward H. C. Craig (1874-1946), Geological Advisor 1917-1918* John Courtenay Clarke (18??",
"-1936), deputy director then Director 1917-18"
],
[
"Location",
"The headquarters of the Petroleum Executive was at 8 Northumberland Avenue London WC2 from 1917 to 1919, from April 1919 it was at 12 Berkeley Street W1."
],
[
"Other governmental oil committees<ref name=\":0\" />",
"* Admiralty Oil Committee (1903-6)* Admiralty Oil Committee (1911-2)* Admiralty Standing Committee on Liquid Fuel* Cabinet Committee on Oil Company Amalgamation* Inter-departmental Oil Committee* Joint Oil Committee (1904-6)"
],
[
"See also",
"* Petroleum Board"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture (Malaysia)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture''' (Malay: Timbalan Menteri Pelancongan, Seni dan Budaya; ; Tamil: சுற்றுலா, கலை மற்றும் கலாச்சார துணை அமைச்சர்) is a Malaysian cabinet position serving as deputy head of the Ministry of Tourism, Arts and Culture."
],
[
"List of Deputy Ministers of Tourism, Arts and Culture",
"The following individuals have been appointed as Deputy Minister of Youth and Sports, or any of its precedent titles:'''Colour key''' (for political coalition/parties): Coalition Component party Timeline 1957–1973 1973–present 1973–present 1973–2018 1973–2018 –2018 2015–present 2020–present – 2020–2022 Direct Member 2022–=== Assistant Minister of Youth, Culture and Sports (1964–) === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet) Engku Muhsein Abdul Kadir Alliance UMNO 1964 Tunku Abdul Rahman''Post renamed into Assistant Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports''=== Assistant Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet) Engku Muhsein Abdul Kadir Alliance UMNO 1970 Tunku Abdul Rahman''Post renamed into Deputy Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports''=== Deputy Minister of Culture, Youth and Sports === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet) Neo Yee Pan BN MCA March1976 31 December1977 Hussein Onn Mak Hon Kam BN MCA 1978 Hussein Onn Chin Hon Ngian BN MCA 1982Hussein OnnMahathir Mohamad Rosemary Chow Poh Kheng BN MCA 29 April 1982 10 August 1986 Mahathir Mohamad''Post renamed into Deputy Minister of Youth and Sports and Deputy Minister of Culture, Arts and Tourism''=== Deputy Minister of Culture, Arts and Tourism === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet)Ng Cheng Kuai BN MCA 15 June 1989 26 October 1990 Mahathir Mohamad100pxChan Kong Choy BN MCA 27 October 1990 3 May 1995 Mahathir MohamadTeng Gaik Kwan BN MCA 8 May 1995 14 December 1999 Mahathir MohamadFu Ah Kiow BN MCA 15 December 1999 26 March 2004 Mahathir MohamadAbdullah Ahmad Badawi''Post renamed into Deputy Minister of Tourism and Deputy Minister of Arts, Culture and Heritage''=== Deputy Minister of Tourism === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet)100pxAhmad Zahid Hamidi BN UMNO 27 March 2004 14 February 2006Abdullah Ahmad BadawiDonald Lim Siang Chai BN MCA 14 February 2006 18 March 2008Sulaiman Abdul Rahman Taib BN PBB 19 March 2008 14 December 2009 Abdullah Ahmad BadawiNajib RazakJames Dawos Mamit BN PBB 14 December 2009 15 May 2013 Najib Razak''Post spited into Deputy Minister of Tourism and Deputy Minister of Arts, Culture and Heritage''=== Deputy Minister of Arts, Culture and Heritage === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet)Wong Kam Hoong BN MCA 27 March 2004 18 March 2008 Abdullah Ahmad Badawi''Post renamed to Deputy Minister of National Unity, Arts, Culture and Heritage''=== Deputy Minister of National Unity, Arts, Culture and Heritage === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet)Teng Boon Soon BN MCA 19 March 2008 9 April 2009 Abdullah Ahmad Badawi''Post renamed to Deputy Minister of Information, Communications, Arts and Culture''=== Deputy Minister of Information, Communications, Arts and Culture === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet)Heng Seai Kie BN MCA10 April 2009 4 June 2010Najib Razak Joseph Salang Gandum BN PRS15 May 2013Maglin Dennis d'Cruz BN PPP 4 June 2010''Post renamed to Deputy Minister of Tourism and Culture''=== Deputy Minister of Tourism and Culture === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet)Mas Ermieyati Samsudin BN UMNO 29 July 2015 9 May 2018 Najib Razak\"Post renamed into Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture\"=== Deputy Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture === Portrait Name(Birth–Death)Constituency Political coalition Political party Took office Left office Prime Minister(Cabinet)Muhammad Bakhtiar Wan Chik PH PKR 2 July 2018 24 February 2020 Mahathir Mohamad100pxJeffrey Gapari Kitingan PN STAR 10 March 2020 29 September 2020Muhyiddin Yassin100pxGuan Dee Koh Hoi PN STAR 16 April 2021 16 August 2021Edmund Santhara Kumar Ramanaidu – PBM 30 August 2021 24 November 2022 Ismail Sabri YaakobKhairul Firdaus Akbar Khan GRS Direct Member 10 December 2022 Incumbent Anwar Ibrahim"
],
[
"See also",
"* Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture (Malaysia)"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Corus Chess Tournament 2006"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Corus Chess Tournament 2006''' was the 68th edition of the Corus Chess Tournament.",
"It was held in Wijk aan Zee in January 2006 and was won jointly by Viswanathan Anand and Veselin Topalov.",
":+ 68th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group A, 14–29 January 2006, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIX (2716) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2792 ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 0 ½ '''9''' 58.50 2851 2 '''''' 2801 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 '''9''' 54.00 2850 3 2707 ½ 1 1 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ '''7½''' 48.75 2773 4 2729 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''7½''' 44.50 2772 5 2723 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 1 '''7''' 43.75 2744 6 2660 0 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 '''7''' 38.50 2749 7 2669 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ '''6½''' 41.75 2719 8 2740 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 1 ½ '''6½''' 39.25 2714 9 2752 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 1 1 '''6½''' 37.50 2713 10 2647 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 ½ ½ 0 ½ '''6''' 2692 11 2717 0 0 ½ ½ 0 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ '''5½''' 2659 12 2709 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ '''4½''' 31.00 2606 13 2686 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 ½ '''4½''' 28.50 2608 14 2689 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ '''4''' 2577:+ 68th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group B, 14–29 January 2006, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XV (2602) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2638 1 0 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ ½ ½ '''9''' 58.25 2741 2 2625 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''9''' 53.00 2742 3 2646 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 '''8½''' 2709 4 2614 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 0 0 ½ 1 1 1 '''8''' 2689 5 2660 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ '''7½''' 2655 6 2625 0 ½ 1 0 1 ½ 1 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 1 '''7''' 41.50 2630 7 2550 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 1 ½ ½ 1 '''7''' 41.25 2635 8 2657 0 0 0 0 ½ 0 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 '''7''' 35.75 2627 9 2626 ½ 0 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 '''6½''' 2601 10 2633 0 0 0 1 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 ½ '''6''' 33.25 2571 11 2537 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 1 0 0 ½ ½ 1 1 1 '''6''' 31.25 2578 12 2550 ½ 0 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 0 1 1 '''4''' 2465 13 2573 ½ ½ 0 0 0 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 '''3''' 2394 14 2500 ½ 0 0 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 ½ 0 0 0 '''2½''' 2359:+ 68th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group C, 14–29 January 2006, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"IX (2458) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2618 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ 1 1 '''10½''' 2696 2 2514 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 0 1 1 ½ 1 '''9''' 54.75 2594 3 2441 0 ½ ½ 1 0 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 1 '''9''' 50.50 2600 4 2505 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''8''' 2541 5 2543 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 0 1 '''7½''' 2508 6 2485 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 1 1 0 1 ½ '''6½''' 39.75 2455 7 2560 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 0 '''6½''' 39.25 2450 8 2466 ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 0 ½ 1 '''6½''' 38.75 2457 9 2470 0 0 ½ ½ 0 1 0 0 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ '''5½''' 2400 10 2332 0 1 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''5''' 28.75 2380 11 2399 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 '''5''' 27.25 2375 12 2473 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 1 0 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ '''4½''' 2346 13 2230 0 ½ 0 0 1 0 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 0 '''4''' 2334 14 2370 0 0 0 0 0 ½ 1 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 1 '''3½''' 2289"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Kuldeep Dhankad"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Kuldeep Dhankad''' is an Indian politician who was elected from Viratnagar Assembly constituency as a Member of the Legislative Assembly.",
"He is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party."
],
[
"Political life",
"In the following 2023 Rajasthan Legislative Assembly election, Kuldeep Dhankad of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won the seat by defeating Indraj Singh Gurjar of the Indian National Congress (INC) with a margin of 17589 votes."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Thomas C. Powell"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Thomas Carr Powell''' (September 5, 1865 – February 9, 1945) was an American railroad executive from Cincinnati, Ohio.",
"He was manager of inland traffic and member of the priorities committee in the War Industries Board during World War I.",
"He was also director of the Division of Capital Expenditures for the United States Railroad Administration.",
"He served as president of Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad and the Chicago and Western Indiana Railroad."
],
[
"Early life",
"Thomas Carr Powell was born on September 5, 1865, in Cincinnati, Ohio, to Mary (née Berrall) and Thomas Powell.",
"His father was a commission broker.",
"His grandfather owned a lace factory in Nottingham, England.",
"He attended Woodward High School in Brooklyn and public schools in Cincinnati and Dunellen, New Jersey.",
"At a young age, he worked on the Cincinnati docks of Ohio River with his father."
],
[
"Career",
"Powell was shipping clerk for the Monarch Oil Company.",
"In 1884, Powell worked as a traffic mail clerk for Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway.",
"He later became rate clerk for the Queen and Crescent Route, chief rate clerk, and then chief rate clerk to the traffic manager.",
"On June 1, 1893, he was appointed assistant and general freight agent.",
"On November 1, 1895, he joined Southern Railway as chief clerk to the general freight agent in Washington, D.C.. On August 4, 1898, his role was expanded to the Northern Alabama Railway.",
"He was promoted to assistant freight traffic manager on July 1, 1899.On March 15, 1902, he was promoted to freight traffic manager.",
"On April 1, 1905, he was elected vice president in charge of traffic in the west and took over the operating department in St. Louis, Missouri, for the St. Louis and Louisville lines.",
"On August 1, 1907, he was elected vice president of all departments of Cincinnati, New Orleans, and Texas Pacific Railway and the Alabama Great Southern Railroad.",
"His office was in the Ingalls Building in Cincinnati.",
"He later became vice president in charge of traffic of the Southern Railway in Cincinnati.In 1915, Powell became president of the Cincinnati Chamber of Commerce.",
"In 1917, Powell joined the War Industries Board as manager of inland traffic and as a member of the priorities committee.",
"On January 10, 1919, he was appointed by President Woodrow Wilson to replace Robert S. Lovett as director of the Division of Capital Expenditures of the United States Railroad Administration.",
"He was also chairman of the Claims Committee.On February 15, 1920, he was elected vice president in charge of traffic for Erie Railroad.",
"He served in that role until 1925.He was elected as president of Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad on August 1, 1925.On January 1, 1931, he was named chairman of the board and retired later that year on August 1, 1931.He also served as president of Chicago and Western Indiana Railroad, Belt Railway of Chicago, Terminal Railway Association of St. Louis and the Railway Express Agency."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Powell married Leigh Whittemore, daughter of Robert B. Whittemore, of St. Louis on June 16, 1910.They had one daughter, Mary Leigh.",
"His wife died in 1930.While in St. Louis, Powell lived at 3737 Washington Boulevard.",
"He had a summer home on Harbor Road in Gloucester, Massachusetts.",
"He had a home at 1721 State Street in New Orleans.Powell died on February 9, 1945, in New Orleans.",
"He was buried at Spring Grove Cemetery."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Corus Chess Tournament 2007"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Corus Chess Tournament 2007''' was the 69th edition of the Corus Chess Tournament.",
"It was held in Wijk aan Zee in January 2007 and was won jointly by Levon Aronian, Veselin Topalov, and Teimour Radjabov.",
":+ 69th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group A, 13–28 January 2007, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIX (2719) Player Rating1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR1 2744 ½1½½½½11½1½½½'''8½''' 54.25 2827 2 2783½ ½½10½½1½½111'''8½''' 51.50 2824 3 27290½ ½½½1½½111½1'''8½''' 50.00 2828 4 2766½½½ 1½½½½½½1½1'''8''' 2802 5 2779½0½0 1½1½1½1½½'''7½''' 2771 6 2728½1½½0 ½0½1101½'''7''' 2747 7 2719½½0½½½ 01½½110'''6½''' 40.25 2719 8 26780½½½011 0½½½½1'''6½''' 40.25 2722 9 272300½½½½01 ½½½1½'''6''' 2690 10 2647½½0½00½½½ ½½½½'''5''' 31.50 2638 11 26670½0½½0½½½½ ½½½'''5''' 31.00 2635 12 2683½000010½½½½ ½1'''5''' 29.25 2635 13 2690½0½½½00½0½½½ ½'''4½''' 29.25 2611 14 2715 ½000½½10½½½0½ '''4½''' 28.25 2609:+ 69th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group B, 13–28 January 2007, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIV (2600) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2675 0 1 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 '''9''' 2736 2 2658 1 ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 0 ½ ½ 1 0 ½ '''8''' 54.25 2683 3 2644 0 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ '''8''' 51.00 2684 4 2691 ½ 0 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''8''' 47.75 2680 5 2573 0 ½ 0 0 1 1 1 ½ ½ 1 1 1 ½ '''8''' 46.25 2689 6 2594 1 ½ 0 1 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 1 1 '''7½''' 2658 7 2585 ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 '''7''' 40.75 2631 8 2658 ½ 0 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''7''' 40.00 2625 9 2538 0 1 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 1 1 0 '''6''' 2576 10 2638 ½ ½ 0 0 ½ ½ 0 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ '''5½''' 2540 11 2586 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 0 ½ 0 1 '''4½''' 29.00 2491 12 2566 0 0 ½ 0 0 1 ½ 0 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ '''4½''' 26.00 2493 13 2474 0 1 ½ ½ 0 0 0 ½ 0 0 1 0 ½ '''4''' 26.00 2469 14 2525 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ '''4''' 25.00 2465:+ 69th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group C, 13–28 January 2007, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"X (2486) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2651 0 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 ½ 1 '''10½''' 2725 2 2587 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 '''10''' 2690 3 2586 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ '''8''' 2566 4 2538 ½ ½ 0 1 1 1 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''7½''' 2539 5 2509 0 ½ ½ 0 1 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 0 '''7''' 42.75 2514 6 2414 0 ½ 0 0 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 ½ 1 '''7''' 38.00 2521 7 2511 ½ 0 ½ 0 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ '''6''' 35.50 2455 8 2375 0 0 0 1 ½ 0 0 1 0 1 ½ 1 1 '''6''' 32.25 2466 9 2391 0 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 1 1 '''6''' 31.25 2465 10 2496 0 1 0 1 0 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 1 0 '''5½''' 36.25 2429 11 2431 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 '''5½''' 30.00 2434 12 2425 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 ½ 0 1 0 1 1 '''4½''' 2381 13 2501 ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 0 0 ½ 0 ½ '''4''' 2344 14 2393 0 0 ½ 0 1 0 ½ 0 0 1 0 0 ½ '''3½''' 2318"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Corus Chess Tournament 2008"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Corus Chess Tournament 2008''' was the 70th edition of the Corus Chess Tournament.It took place in the De Moriaan Community Centre in Wijk aan Zee in January 2008.The format of each of the three Grandmaster groups remained a 14 player single round robin.",
"The participants in group A included eight of the world's top ten players (country, October 2007 rating and rank in brackets): Viswanathan Anand (India, 2801, 1), Vasyl Ivanchuk (Ukraine, 2787, 2), Vladimir Kramnik (Russia, 2785, 3), Veselin Topalov (Bulgaria, 2769, 4), Peter Leko (Hungary, 2755, 5=), Shakhriyar Mamedyarov (Azerbaijan, 2752, 7), Teimour Radjabov (Azerbaijan, 2742, 8) and Levon Aronian (Armenia, 2741, 9).",
"The remaining players were Boris Gelfand (Israel, 2736, 11), Michael Adams (England, 2729, 13), Magnus Carlsen (Norway, 2714, 16=), Judit Polgár (Hungary, 2708, 20), Pavel Eljanov (Ukraine, 2691, 26) and Loek van Wely (Netherlands, 2679, 31).",
"The average rating of 2742 made it a Category 20 tournament.",
"The only top ten players not participating were Alexander Morozevich (Russia, 2755, 5=) and Alexei Shirov (Spain, 2739, 10).The tournament was won by Levon Aronian and Magnus Carlsen (both scoring 8 out of 13).Grandmaster group B was won by Sergei Movsesian of Slovakia with 9½ points, and group C by Italy's Fabiano Caruana with 10, two points ahead of his nearest rival.",
"The Honorary group, a new category consisting of four former A group champions playing a double round robin, was won by Ljubomir Ljubojević with 4 points out of 6, ahead of Jan Timman, Viktor Korchnoi and Lajos Portisch.The tournament was also notable for the \"handshake incident\", in which Nigel Short was awarded a win by forfeit after his opponent, Ivan Cheparinov, refused to shake his hand.",
":+ 70th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group A, 12–27 January 2008, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XX (2742) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 2739 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''8''' 50.00 2830 2 2733 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 1 1 1 ½ '''8''' 48.50 2830 3 2799 ½ 1 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ '''7½''' 48.00 2795 4 2735 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 '''7½''' 46.50 2800 5 2753 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ '''7''' 46.00 2770 6 2751 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ '''7''' 44.50 2771 7 2726 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ '''6½''' 41.75 2744 8 2799 1 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ '''6½''' 41.75 2738 9 2780 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 0 1 '''6''' 39.00 2710 10 2707 ½ 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 '''6''' 38.00 2716 11 2760 ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ '''6''' 37.50 2712 12 2692 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 1 1 ½ ½ 0 '''5''' 32.00 2659 13 2681 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 ½ ½ '''5''' 31.75 2660 14 2737 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 0 ½ 1 ½ '''5''' 31.75 2656:+ 70th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group B, 12–27 January 2008, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XV (2618) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2677 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 1 ½ ½ 1 1 '''9½''' 2789 2 2645 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 1 0 ½ ½ 1 1 ½ '''8½''' 52.50 2726 3 2700 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''8½''' 51.75 2722 4 2664 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 0 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 '''7½''' 2672 5 2600 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''7''' 2648 6 2713 ½ 0 ½ 0 1 0 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 '''6½''' 2611 7 2581 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 ½ 0 0 '''6''' 38.00 2592 8 2573 0 0 0 1 1 1 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 0 '''6''' 37.50 2593 9 2527 0 1 0 0 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ '''6''' 36.50 2596 10 2625 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''6''' 35.50 2589 11 2612 ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 0 ½ ½ ½ 1 0 '''5½''' 2562 12 2676 ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 1 '''5''' 31.75 2527 13 2636 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 1 ½ ½ 0 0 1 1 '''5''' 28.25 2530 14 2424 0 ½ 0 0 0 0 1 1 ½ 0 1 0 0 '''4''' 2492:+ 70th Corus Chess Tournament, grandmaster group C, 12–27 January 2008, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"X (2494) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Total SB TPR 1 '''''' 2598 ½ 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 ½ 1 1 1 '''10''' 2696 2 2533 ½ ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ ½ 1 1 '''8''' 48.00 2577 3 2526 0 ½ 0 1 0 1 0 ½ 1 1 1 1 1 '''8''' 44.25 2578 4 2501 0 0 1 0 1 ½ 1 ½ ½ ½ ½ 1 1 '''7½''' 2550 5 2473 1 ½ 0 1 1 1 0 ½ 0 0 ½ ½ 1 '''7''' 45.25 2524 6 2536 0 ½ 1 0 0 ½ 1 1 ½ 0 1 1 ½ '''7''' 42.00 2519 7 2490 0 ½ 0 ½ 0 ½ 1 ½ 1 1 ½ 1 ½ '''7''' 41.25 2523 8 2578 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 ½ ½ 1 1 '''7''' 40.75 2516 9 2389 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 1 1 ½ 0 ½ '''6½''' 2502 10 2502 1 0 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 0 0 1 ½ 1 ½ '''6''' 38.00 2464 11 2509 ½ ½ 0 ½ 1 1 0 ½ 0 0 1 0 1 '''6''' 36.75 2463 12 2461 0 ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ ½ ½ 0 0 1 '''4½''' 26.50 2386 13 2484 0 0 0 0 ½ 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 '''4½''' 22.50 2384 14 2329 0 0 0 0 0 ½ ½ 0 ½ ½ 0 0 0 '''2''' 2210:+ 70th Corus Chess, honorary group, 12–27 January 2008, Wijk aan Zee, Cat.",
"XIII (2560) Player Rating 1 2 3 4 Total SB TPR 1 2565 0 1 ½ 1 ½ 1 '''4''' 2683 2 2559 1 0 ½ 1 ½ 0 '''3''' 9.50 2560 3 2545 ½ 0 ½ 0 1 1 '''3''' 7.50 2565 4 2570 ½ 0 ½ 1 0 0 '''2''' 2431"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Drulia (sponge)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Drulia''' is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Metaniidae.The species of this genus are found in South America."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"''Drulia'' contains the following species:*''Drulia batesii'' (Bowerbank, 1863)*''Drulia brownii'' (Bowerbank, 1863)*''Drulia conifera'' Bonetto & Ezcurra de Drago, 1973*''Drulia cristata'' (Weltner, 1895)*''Drulia cristinae'' Volkmer-Ribeiro, Drago, Machado & Sabaj, 2017*''Drulia ctenosclera'' Volkmer & Mothes, 1981*''Drulia geayi'' (Gravier, 1899)*''Drulia uruguayensis'' Bonetto & Ezcurra de Drago, 1969"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Harold St. John Loyd Winterbotham"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Harold St. John Loyd Winterbotham''' (5 February 1879 – 10 December 1946) was a British soldier and surveyor who from 1930 to 1934 was Director of the Ordnance Survey."
],
[
"Biography",
"Born in Northampton and educated at Fettes College as well as the Royal Military Academy, Winterbotham was commissioned in the Royal Engineers in 1897.He fought in the South African War, and his service there was recognized by a Queen's South Africa Medal with three clasps.",
"After the war, Winterbotham served as garrison adjutant in Saint Helena, later returning to South Africa in 1908 to carry out a topographical survey until 1911.He joined the Ordnance Survey out of Southampton in 1911, being in charge of the Trigonometrical and Topographical Division.When World War I broke out in 1914, he left for France to serve as commander of a unit.",
"During the war, it is remembered that he was nicknamed \"The Astrologer\" because he could pinpoint far-away targets with guns.",
"For his service in the war, he was honored as both a Companion of the Distinguished Service Order and a Companion of the Order of St Michael & St George, as well as receiving a brevet of lieutenant-colonel.In 1920, Winterbotham returned to the same division of the Ordnance Survey, and from 1922 to 1929 was chief of the Geographical Section, General Staff.",
"One year after his appointment to the directorship of the Ordnance Survey in 1930, he became an Aide-de-Camp to the King.",
"From the 1930 general assembly until 1935, he served as Secretary General of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics.Winterbotham retired from both the Ordnance Survey and the Army in 1935; he was placed on retirement pay 5 February, and was granted the honorary title of Brigadier.",
"In 1939, George Washington University awarded him an honorary Doctor of Science degree.Winterbotham died in his Sutton Courtenay home on 10 December 1946, aged 68.During both of their lifetimes, Winterbotham and Charles Close were close geographical collaborators."
],
[
"Awards",
"* Distinguished Service Medal (1919)* Victoria Medal (1920)"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Harold St John Lloyd Winterbotham, Ancestry.com record* Winterbotham, Brigadier Harold StJohn Loyd (surveying), S2A3 database entry"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"International Rally"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''International Rally''''' (released in Europe as '''''Cross Country Racing''''' and Japan as '''''It's a World Rally''''') is a 1999 racing video game developed by Konami for the Game Boy Color.",
"The game features rally races across 20 tracks set in international countries including France, Italy, Egypt and Japan.",
"Upon release, ''International Rally'' received mixed to negative reviews, with critics praising the attempt to integrate racing simulation elements into a handheld game, but faulting its lack of variety, slow gameplay, and lacklustre visuals."
],
[
"Gameplay",
"The user interface of ''International Rally'' depicts the condition of engine parts, which players are required to maintain.",
"''International Rally'' is a rally racing game in which players compete in races across 20 tracks.",
"In 'Rally' mode, players complete a race against computer-controlled opponents across three difficulty settings, with higher difficulties featuring more opponents in a race.",
"'Time Attack' mode, players attempt to complete a track in the fastest time, and supports the use the Game Link Cable for two-player multiplayer races.",
"'Championship' mode allows players to choose one of four group challenges and complete a series of races.",
"Cars a damage model in which players monitor the status of their tyres, gears, engine and shock absorbers, and are can stop and repair them if they are damaged due to collisions throughout the race to maintain speed."
],
[
"Reception",
"''International Rally'' received mixed to negative reviews upon release.",
"''Computer & Video Games'' commended the game as a \"credible attempt at squeezing a semblance of realism onto the Game Boy Color\", highlighting the game's tuning and maintenance options, but found the game was not fun enough to warrant purchase.",
"David O'Donohoe of ''Games Domain'' critiqued the game for its \"average gameplay\", \"dull\" graphics and \"repetitive\" fixed backgrounds, and \"grating\" sound effects.",
"''Game'' dismissed the game as a failure, citing the \"similar\" tracks and \"boring\" gameplay.",
"''Nintendo Official Magazine'' noted the game's challenge, but found the game was inferior to other racers, citing the game's slow pace.",
"''Game Boy Xtreme'' dismissed the game as having \"nothing special at all\"."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Nordic combined at the Winter Youth Olympics"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Nordic combined is one of the sports featured at the '''Winter Youth Olympics.'''",
"It has been part of the games since the inaugural edition in 2012.Nordic combined skier also competed in mixed team ski jumping event at the 2012 Games.",
"Ski jumpers competed in the Nordic mixed team event at the 2016 and 2020 Games."
],
[
"Medal summaries",
"=== Boys' individual ===2016 podium2012 Innsbruck 2016 Lillehammer 2020 Lausanne 2024 Gangwon === Girls' events ====== Girls' individual ===Gyda Westvold Hansen, Lisa Hirner and Ayane Miyazaki competing at the 2020 WYOG2020 Lausanne 2024 Gangwon === Mixed team ===2020 podium 2016 Lillehammer Sofia TikhonovaVitalii IvanovMaksim SergeevMaya YakuninaIgor Fedotov Anna Odine StrømEinar Lurås OftebroMarius LindvikMartine EngebretsenVebjoern Hegdal Agnes ReischTim KoppJonathan SiegelAnna-Maria DietzePhilipp Unger 2020 Lausanne Gyda Westvold HansenSebastian ØstvoldNora MidtsundstadIver OlaussenMaria Hartz MellingNikolai Holmboe Johanna BassaniSeverin ReiterVanessa MoharitschDavid HaagenWitta-Luisa WalcherErik Engel Annika SieffStefano RadovanJessica MalsinerMattia GalianiSilvia CampioneElia Barp 2024 Gangwon Eemeli KurttilaHeta HirvonenMinja KorhonenPeter Räisänen Aljaž JanharTia MalovrhTeja PavecLovro Percl Seručnik Bryan VenturiniGiada DeluganAnna SenonerManuel Senoner"
],
[
"Medal table",
":''As of the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics.''"
],
[
"Participating nations",
"'''•''' = ''Did not compete in the sport'', '''×''' = ''the country did not participate in the Games'' Event 12 16 20 24 Years 1 1 4 4 4 1 • • × 1 1 • • • 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 3 2 4 1 1 3 4 4 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 4 4 4 • • 1 • 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 4 4 4 • 1 1 1 3 1 1 4 4 4 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 4 × 3 • • • 2 1 1 1 4 4 4 1 • 1 3 3 1 1 2 2 4 1 1 4 4 4 ''Total athletes'' 17 15 53 52 ''Total countries'' 17 15 17 15"
],
[
"See also",
"* Nordic combined at the Winter Olympics"
],
[
"External links",
"* Youth Olympic Games"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Brahea dulcis"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Brahea dulcis''''', the '''sweet hesper palm''' or '''apak palm''', is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae.",
"It is native to dry woodlands of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, and Honduras.",
"A single-trunked palm reaching with edible fruit and green to blue-green leaves, it is occasionally available from commercial suppliers."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Andriy Sharaskin"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Andriy Andriiovych Sharaskin''' (; born 20 September 1977) is a Ukrainian actor, military commander, and politician currently serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from the proportional list of the Holos party since 2020.Prior to his election, he served in the war in Donbas, commanding Cyborgs from the Ukrainian Volunteer Corps during the Second Battle of Donetsk Airport."
],
[
"Early life and career",
"Andriy Andriiovych Sharaskin was born on 20 September 1977 in the western Ukrainian city of Ternopil, then part of the Soviet Union.",
"Sharaskin is a graduate of the Kyiv National I. K. Karpenko-Kary Theatre, Cinema and Television University, and prior to 2013 he was an actor in several television films.",
"Sharaskin founded a Lviv and Ternopil-based children's acting school in 2006, and he additionally directed a children's theatre in Lviv."
],
[
"Military career",
"Sharaskin was a participant in Euromaidan.",
"Following the Revolution of Dignity and the beginning of the Russo-Ukrainian War he joined the far-right Right Sector as well as its paramilitary wing, the Ukrainian Volunteer Corps.",
"He fought in the war in Donbas, and was one of the commanders of the Cyborgs during the Second Battle of Donetsk Airport, leading units of the Ukrainian Volunteer Corps.",
"He fought under the military call sign of Bohemia.",
"In recognition of his activities during the battle, he was awarded the Order for Courage third class.After leaving combat in January 2016, Sharaskin served as a personal consultant to the 2017 film ''Cyborgs'', with the central character being heavily based on Sharaskin.",
"He had previously introduced screenwriter Nataliya Vorozhbyt to the Cyborgs during the war in Donbas."
],
[
"Political career",
"Sharaskin became leader of Right Sector in 2015.He additionally worked as deputy to Dmytro Yarosh after Yarosh left Right Sector to form the Government Initiative of Dmytro Yarosh.",
"Sharaskin's activities in Right Sector were later noted on Russian state television channel Russia-1, where he was referred to as a Nazi and a puppet of the United States.=== People's Deputy of Ukraine ===Official portrait as People's Deputy of Ukraine, 2020During the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election Sharaskin was the 20th candidate on the proportional list of the liberal Holos party, having previously been introduced to the party by personal friend and fellow Cyborg Roman Kostenko.",
"As Holos won only 17 proportional-list seats during the election, Sharaskin was not originally elected to the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament).",
"After Holos leader Sviatoslav Vakarchuk chose to resign in June 2020, however, Sharaskin was brought into the Verkhovna Rada to fill the seat vacated by Vakarchuk.Following his appointment to the Verkhovna Rada, Sharaskin became secretary of the Verkhovna Rada Foreign Affairs and Interparliamentary Cooperation Committee.",
"In June 2021, along with 9 other People's Deputies from Holos, Sharaskin established the Justice parliamentary group in protest of Kira Rudik's leadership of the party.During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sharaskin claimed that the government of China had demanded Ukraine remove its signature from United Nations Human Rights Council statements calling for an independent investigation into the Uyghur genocide.",
"According to Sharaskin, the Chinese government threatened to cease delivering COVID-19 vaccines if Ukraine did not remove its signature from the statements.Sharaskin has expressed opposition to violence against Ukraine's LGBT community, comparing his position towards the LGBT community to that of Pope Francis, and has condemned threats of violence against pride parades from Right Sector members.",
"However, in the Verkhovna Rada he proposed an amendment to exclude sexual orientation and gender identity from recognised forms of discrimination in media.",
"Sharaskin's amendment, which ran counter to the position of other Holos members such as Inna Sovsun, was unsuccessful.",
"He additionally voted against the ratification of the Istanbul Convention."
],
[
"Personal life",
"Sharaskin is a Christian.",
"He has one daughter, and briefly lived in poverty while raising her from 2005 to 2006.It is unknown if he is married."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"2020s in Asian political history"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''political history of Asia in the 2020s''' covers political events on the continent, other than elections, from 2020 onwards."
],
[
"History by country",
"=== Afghanistan ====== China ===Under CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping's administration, China promoted \"common prosperity\", a series of policies designed with stated goal to increase equality, and used the term to justify a broad crackdown and major slew of regulations against the tech and tutoring sectors in 2021.Often described as an authoritarian leader by political and academic observers, Xi's tenure has seen an increase of censorship and mass surveillance, a deterioration in human rights including the internment of one million Uyghurs in Xinjiang, and a cult of personality developing around him.",
"Xi's political thoughts have been incorporated into the party and national constitutions, and he has emphasized the importance of national security and the need for CCP leadership over the country.",
"He and the CCP Central Committee additionally passed a \"historical resolution\" in November 2021, the third such resolution after Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping, further consolidating his power.=== Hong Kong ===The Hong Kong protests against the Chinese government continued into 2020.A controversial new national security law was enacted on 30 June 2020 by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.",
"In July, 12 politicians were banned from standing the upcoming elections.",
"The elections were then postponed by a year, officially due to the COVID-19 pandemic.",
"After the arrest of eight opposition politicians in November, 15 other opposition lawmakers resigned in protest, including the remaining opposition members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.",
"The democracy activist Joshua Wong was also arrested, facing up to three years in prison in his trial.The Decision of the National People's Congress on Improving the Electoral System of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region was enacted on 11 March 2021 by the National People's Congress (NPC), the ''de jure'' legislative body of the People's Republic of China (PRC), to rewrite the electoral rules, imposing a much restrictive electoral system on the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) for its Chief Executive (CE) and the Legislative Council (LegCo), claiming to ensure a system of \"patriots governing Hong Kong.\"",
"Police later arrested five executives of the ''Apple Daily'' newspaper as the newspaper warned that press freedom in the city was \"hanging by a thread\".The ''Stand News'' raids and arrests occurred on 29 December 2021, when ''Stand News'', one of the few remaining pro-democracy media outlets in Hong Kong following the passage of the Hong Kong national security law in 2020, was raided by the National Security Department of the Hong Kong Police Force.",
"Media executives and journalists were arrested on the charge of \"conspiring to publish seditious publications\" on a large scale.",
"As a result of the raid, ''Stand News'' ceased operations, the organisation's website and social media became inactive, and all of its employees were dismissed.",
"The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, along with leaders in Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and United States, condemned the raid.=== India ===Narendra Modi of the Bharatiya Janata Party became Prime Minister in the 2014 Indian general election, in which the party gained a majority in the lower house of the Indian parliament the Lok Sabha; it was the first time for any single party since 1984.His administration has tried to raise direct foreign investment in the Indian economy, and reduced spending on healthcare, education, and social-welfare programmes.",
"He centralised power by abolishing the Planning Commission and replacing it with the NITI Aayog.",
"Modi began a high-profile sanitation campaign, controversially initiated the 2016 demonetisation of high-denomination banknotes and introduced the Goods and Services Tax (GST), and weakened or abolished environmental and labour laws.",
"Modi oversaw India's response to the COVID-19 pandemic.",
"As prime minister, he has received consistently high approval ratings.Under Modi's tenure, India has experienced democratic backsliding.",
"Following his party's victory in the 2019 general election, his administration revoked the special status of Jammu and Kashmir, introduced the Citizenship Amendment Act and three controversial farm laws, prompting widespread protests and sit-ins across the country, resulting in a formal repeal of the latter.",
"Modi has been described as engineering a political realignment towards right-wing politics and remains a controversial figure, domestically and internationally, over his Hindu nationalist beliefs and handling of the 2002 Gujarat riots, which have been cited as evidence of a majoritarian and exclusionary social agenda.The Citizenship Amendment Act protests occurred after the enactment of the Citizenship (Amendment) Act (CAA) by the Indian government on 12 December 2019, which triggered widespread ongoing protests across India and abroad against the act and the associated proposals to enact a National Register of Citizens (NRC).",
"The Amendment created a pathway to Indian citizenship for illegal migrants belonging to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian communities from Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan, who had entered India before 2014 fleeing religious persecution.",
"The Amendment does not provide the same pathway to Muslims and others from these countries, nor to refugee Sri Lankan Tamils in India, Rohingyas from Myanmar, or Buddhists from Tibet.",
"The proposed National Register of Citizens (NRC) will be an official record of all legal citizens of India; individuals would need to provide a prescribed set of documents issued before a specified cutoff date to be included in it.",
"The amendment has been widely criticised as discriminating on the basis of religion, in particular for excluding Muslims.",
"Protestors against the amendment demand that it be scrapped and that the nationwide NRC not be implemented.",
"Protesters in Assam and other northeastern states do not want Indian citizenship to be granted to any refugee or immigrant, regardless of their religion, as they fear it would alter the region's demographic balance.Prime Minister Narendra Modi dismissed 12 cabinet ministers, including Health Minister Harsh Vardhan, following intense criticisms over his handling of the COVID-19 pandemic.",
"Ravi Shankar Prasad, who held multiple concurrent positions as Law, Information Technology, and Communications Minister, also resigned.=== Kazakhstan ===Protests broke out on 2 January 2022 after a sudden sharp increase in gas prices which, according to the Kazakh government, was due to high demand and price fixing.",
"The protests began in Zhanaozen, a city built on an oil field, but quickly spread to other cities in the country, including the largest city, Almaty.",
"Growing discontent with the government and former president Nursultan Nazarbayev also influenced larger demonstrations.",
"As there were no popular opposition groups against the Kazakh government, the unrest appeared to be assembled directly by citizens.",
"In response, President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev declared a state of emergency in Mangystau Region and Almaty, effective from 5 January.",
"The Mamin Cabinet resigned the same day.In response to the unrest, the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) – a military alliance of post-Soviet states that includes Armenia, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan itself – agreed to deploy peacekeeping troops in Kazakhstan.",
"The local police reported that \"dozens of attackers were liquidated\", while former President Nazarbayev was removed as the Chairman of the Security Council of Kazakhstan.",
"Tokayev later announced a series of reforms to the national parliament, including re-establishing the Constitutional Court, reducing the membership requirement for establishing political parties from 20,000 to 5,000, reducing the number of parliament deputies appointed by the president, and restoring three regions that were merged during the 1990s.",
"He says that the purpose of these reforms is to move the current political system from \"superpresidential\" rule to a presidential republic with a strong parliament.=== Kyrgyzstan ===The 2020 Kyrgyzstani protests began on 5 October 2020 in response to the recent parliamentary election that was perceived by protestors as unfair, with allegations of vote rigging.",
"The results of the election were annulled on 6 October 2020.On 12 October 2020, President Jeenbekov announced a state of emergency in the capital city of Bishkek, which was approved by Parliament the following day.",
"Jeenbekov resigned on 15 October 2020.In January 2021 a referendum on the form of government was held alongside presidential elections (won by Sadyr Japarov), with voters asked whether they would prefer a presidential system, a parliamentary system, or opposed both.",
"Just over 84% voted in favour of a presidential system.Work began on drafting a new constitution, which was debated in the Supreme Council in February 2021.The draft new constitution replaces the parliamentary system with a presidential one, with presidents limited to two five years terms instead of a single six-year term.",
"It also reduces the number of seats in the Supreme Council from 120 to 90 and establishes a constitutional court.In March 2021 members of the Supreme Council passed a bill, scheduling a referendum on the new constitution for 11 April, the same day as local elections.",
"The result was 79.31% in favour.=== Malaysia ===In early 2020, officials from the Malaysia's Prime Minister's Office (PMO) said that Malaysia has recovered US$322 million stolen from the sovereign wealth fund 1Malaysia Development Berhad scandal, a fraction of the more than US$4.5 billion US prosecutors say was looted.",
"In April, the US Department of Justice returned US$300 million in funds stolen during the 1MDB scandal to Malaysia.",
"Former Prime Minister Najib Razak was found guilty of one count of abuse of power, three counts of criminal breach of trust, three counts of money laundering, a total of seven charges for the SRC International trial.On 24 February 2020, Malaysia entered the 2020 Malaysian political crisis for almost a week after the resignation of the 7th Prime Minister of Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad.",
"Immediately that afternoon, the King of Malaysia re-appointed Mahathir Mohamad as the Interim Prime Minister to solve the political crisis.",
"On 29 February 2020, Yang Dipertuan Agong, King Abdullah of Pahang agreed to appoint Tan Sri Muhyiddin Yassin as the 8th Prime Minister of Malaysia, and he was sworn in at the Istana Negara on 1 March 2020.Malaysia declared a State of Emergency in January 2021 amid the worsening COVID-19 pandemic, suspending parliament and all elections until August.",
"The declaration attracted political controversy; a number of MPs from major coalition party UMNO withdrew support for the government in disapproval, temporarily leading to a minority government and destabilising the coalition.",
"On 8 July 2021, the President of UMNO announced that the party had withdrawn support for Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin over the government's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic although others in UMNO later affirmed their support, splitting the party and putting the government's status into question.",
"After losing majority support and attempts to regain it were unsuccessful, Prime Minister Muhyiddin and his cabinet resigned on 16 August 2021 with Muhyiddin remaining as caretaker Prime Minister.",
"Four days later, UMNO's Vice President Ismail Sabri Yaakob was appointed Prime Minister by the Yang di-Pertuan Agong after receiving support from most of the MPs.=== Myanmar ===General elections were held in Myanmar on 8 November 2020, in which the National League for Democracy won 396 out of 476 seats in parliament, while the military's proxy party, the Union Solidarity and Development Party, won only 33 seats.",
"In the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état, democratically elected members of the ruling National League for Democracy were detained and/or deposed from their offices by the Tatmadaw; Myanmar's military.",
"The Tatmadaw declared a year-long state of emergency and declared power had been vested in the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, Min Aung Hlaing.",
"The coup d'état occurred the day before the Parliament of Myanmar was due to swear in the members elected at the November 2020 general election, preventing this from occurring.",
"President Win Myint and State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi were detained, along with ministers and their deputies and members of Parliament.",
"Domestic civil resistance efforts in Myanmar, known locally as the Spring Revolution (), began in opposition to the coup d'état on 1 February.",
", at least 550 civilians, including children, have been killed by military or police forces and at least 2,574 people detained.The National Unity Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar was formed by the Committee Representing Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, a group of elected lawmakers ousted in the coup d'état.",
"It included representatives of the National League for Democracy (the deposed ruling party of former state counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi), ethnic minority insurgent groups, and various minor parties.",
"The NUG has sought international recognition as the government of Myanmar.",
"On 5 May 2021, the NUG announced the formation of \"People's Defense Force\" as its armed wing to launch an armed revolution against the military junta.=== Mongolia ===Parliamentary elections in June 2020 resulted in a victory for the ruling Mongolian People's Party.",
"The Prime Minister Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh resigned on 27 January 2021 following a minor protest against the mistreatment of a hospital patient.=== Nepal ===In July 2021, the Nepalese Supreme Court declared that the dissolution of the Federal Parliament of Nepal by Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli in May was unconstitutional, reinstating the Parliament and removing the duties of Oli.",
"The Supreme Court also designated leader of the opposition Sher Bahadur Deuba as the new Prime Minister.=== Pakistan ===A political and constitutional crisis emerged in Pakistan when, on 3 April 2022, National Assembly Deputy Speaker Qasim Khan Suri dismissed a no-confidence motion against prime minister Imran Khan during a session in which it was expected to be taken up for a vote.",
"Moments later, the president dissolved the National Assembly on the advice of prime minister Imran Khan.",
"This created a constitutional crisis, as effectively, Imran Khan led a constitutional coup to remain in power.Four days later, the Supreme Court of Pakistan ruled that the dismissal of the no-confidence motion and subsequent dissolution of the National Assembly were unconstitutional, and overturned these actions.",
"The Supreme Court further held that the National Assembly had not been prorogued and had to be reconvened by the Speaker immediately.",
"Shortly after midnight on 10 April, the National Assembly voted and passed the No Confidence motion removing prime minister Khan from office immediately upon passing of the resolution and making him the first prime minister in Pakistan to be so removed from office.=== Sri Lanka ======= Economic crisis ======== Political crisis ======== Protests ======= Turkmenistan ===Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow stepped down as president on 19 March 2022, after a non-democratic snap presidential election, in which his son Serdar Berdimuhamedow won, becoming the next President and establishing a political dynasty.=== Indonesia ===An Indonesian general was killed by West Papuan separatists in April 2021.=== Japan ===On 8 July 2022, Shinzo Abe, a former prime minister of Japan and a serving member of the House of Representatives, was assassinated while speaking at a political event outside Yamato-Saidaiji Station in Nara, Nara Prefecture, Japan.",
"While delivering a campaign speech for a Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) candidate, Abe was shot from behind at close range by a man with a homemade firearm.",
"He was transported by medical helicopter to Nara Medical University Hospital, where he was pronounced dead.=== Thailand ===In Thailand, protests began in early 2020.Beginning first as demonstrations against the government of Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha, it later included the unprecedented demands for reform of the Thai monarchy.",
"The protests were initially triggered by the dissolution of the Future Forward Party (FFP) in late February 2020 which was critical of Prayut, the changes to the Thai constitution in 2017 and the country's political landscape that it gave rise to.=== Uzbekistan ====== West Asia ======= Armenia ====Following the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement, Armenian forces were to withdraw from Armenian-occupied territories surrounding Nagorno-Karabakh by 1 December.",
"An approximately 2,000-strong Russian peacekeeping force from the Russian Ground Forces was to be deployed to the region for a minimum of five years, one of its task being protection of the Lachin corridor, which links Armenia and the Nagorno-Karabakh region.",
"Additionally, Armenia undertook to \"guarantee safety\" of passage between mainland Azerbaijan and its Nakhchivan exclave via a strip of land in Armenia's Syunik Province.",
"Russian FSB′s Border Troops would exercise control over the transport communication.Shortly after the news about the signing the ceasefire agreement broke in the early hours of 10 November, violent protests erupted in Armenia against Nikol Pashinyan, claiming he was a \"traitor\" for having accepted the peace deal.",
"Protesters also seized the parliament building by breaking a metal door, and pulled the President of the National Assembly of Armenia Ararat Mirzoyan from a car and beat him.",
"Throughout November, numerous Armenian officials resigned from their posts, including the Armenian minister of foreign affairs, Zohrab Mnatsakanyan, the minister of defence, David Tonoyan, head of the same ministry's military control service, Movses Hakobyan, and the spokesman of Armenia's Defense Ministry, Artsrun Hovhannisyan.Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan accused Chief of the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces Onik Gasparyan and more than 40 other high-ranking military officers of attempting a coup after they published a statement calling for Pashinyan's resignation on 25 February 2021.Two days later Armenian President Armen Sarksyan refused the order from Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan to dismiss Onik Gasparyan, saying parts of the decree were in violation of the constitution.",
"Pashinyan immediately resent the motion to dismiss Gasparyan to the president.",
"On 27 February, more than 15,000 protested in the capital Yerevan calling for Pashinyan to resign.==== Iran ====The 2019–2020 Iranian protests were a series of nationwide civil protests in Iran, initially caused by a 50%–200% increase in fuel prices, becoming the most violent and severe anti-government unrest since the rise of Iran's Islamic Republic in 1979.As many as 1,500 Iranian protesters were killed.",
"The government crackdown prompted a violent reaction from protesters who destroyed 731 government banks including Iran's central bank, nine Islamic religious centres, tore down anti-American billboards, and posters and statues of the Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei as well as former leader Khomeini.",
"Fifty government military bases were also attacked by protesters.In January 2020, the United States assassinated the commander of the Quds Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, general Qasem Soleimani.",
"This led to an Iranian missile strike against bases housing US troops in Iraq five days later.",
"As a result of expectations of a US retribution, the Iranian air defence system accidentally shot down Ukraine International Airlines Flight 752, killing all 176 people on board.",
"The International Maritime Security Construct was set up by the US to prevent Iran from disrupting international shipping in the Strait of Hormuz.",
"Israel was suspected of being behind at least five explosions and fires at Iranian nuclear sites in the summer of 2020.The leading nuclear scientist of the country, Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, was assassinated on 27 November 2020, with Iran blaming Israel for the attack.The sequence of protests which included the 2019-2020 Iranian protests, 2021 Iranian protests, and the Mahsa Amini protests was met with violent responses by the Iranian authorities, including the killing of 1,500 protesters in November 2019 uprising and the violent crackdown on protests in Mahshahr.",
"The protests, which have occurred at various stages and times since the mid-2010s, increasing in both support and number each time, have found popular support amongst many Iranians.",
"They have the intention of removing the Iranian government and addressing both economic and social issues within Iran, and are often fueled by low wages, unemployment, inflation, government corruption, an ongoing water crisis, disillusion amongst Iranian youth and by their Burnt Generation parents with the government's Islamist, anti-Western outlook, the isolation of Iran internationally, Persian nationalist fervor and the government's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic.===== 2022 Mahsa Amini protests ========= Iraq ====In 2020–21, demonstrations took place in Baghdad and other parts of Iraq, over popular discontent with government corruption, unemployment, poor government services, and foreign interference within Iraq.",
"Reports said that 450 protesters had been fatally shot by security forces.",
"Major protests were based in Nasiriyah in Dhi Qar province, with hundreds of protesters arriving there from other cities.",
"New clashes erupted in Baghdad between protesters and security forces, with security forces using gunfire against protesters.",
"One march included more than 1,000 students.In March 2020, Mohammed Allawi sent a letter to the President of Iraq, stating that he had to decline to take office as Prime Minister since the Iraqi Parliament had declined to approve his cabinet.",
"Reports indicated that the crowds of protesters in Baghdad had expressed widespread opposition to Allawi.Mustafa Al-Kadhimi was named by President Barham Salih as prime minister-designate, the third person tapped to lead the country in just 10 weeks as it struggled to replace a government that fell last year after months of protests.",
"Kadhimi was nominated by President Barham Salih, state television reported, shortly after the previous designated prime minister, Adnan al-Zurfi, announced he was withdrawing having failed to secure enough support to pass a government.",
"After nearly six months of political negotiations, Iraq's parliament confirmed al-Kadhimi as Prime Minister of Iraq on 6 May 2020.Before entering office, al-Kadhimi said his government would be a government that finds solutions to Iraq's many problems and not a crisis ridden government.",
"He promised early elections and vowed Iraq would not be used as a battleground by other countries.",
"He assumed office on the heels of major upheavals in Iraq - protests, falling oil prices, and the COVID-19 pandemic.Parliamentary elections were held in Iraq on 10 October 2021.Iraqis who were supporters of the Iran-backed PMF and Fatah Alliance called the results \"a fraud\", as most Iran-backed parties, including Fatah Alliance, lost many seats.",
"Following the election, clashes between Iraqi protesters and security forces left more than 125 injured and 2 dead.",
"The protestors were supporters of Iran-backed militias and political parties.",
"Two days later on the 7 November, an assassination attempt was made on Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi via a drone strike.",
"The PM survived the attack unharmed but resulted in six of his bodyguards being injured.",
"The security forces reportedly opened fire on demonstrators, leading to at least one death.",
"It was rumored that the assassination attempt was connected to these protests.==== Israel–Palestine ====The political crisis in Israel continued, with the fourth election within two years held in 2021.The rotation government established after the third elections between the competing factions of Likud and Blue and White collapsed.",
"In foreign relations, the country signed the Abraham Accords (also in 2020), leading to the Bahrain–Israel and Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreements.",
"Sudan also announced that it would be normalizing relations with the country as did Morocco.",
"The Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu also met with Saudi Arabia's crown prince Mohammed bin Salman soon after.The 2021 Palestinian legislative election for the Palestinian Legislative Council, originally scheduled for 22 May 2021, according to a decree by President Mahmoud Abbas on 15 January 2021, was indefinitely postponed.",
"President Abbas announced the postponement on 29 April 2021, stating the following: \"Facing this difficult situation, we decided to postpone the date of holding legislative elections until the participation of Jerusalem and its people is guaranteed.",
"\"Mahmoud Abbas was elected President of the Palestinian National Authority on 9 January 2005 for a four-year term that ended on 9 January 2009.The last elections for the Palestinian Legislative Council were held on 25 January 2006.There have not been any elections either for president or for the legislature since these two elections.The 2021 Israel–Palestine crisis started on 6 May 2021, with Palestinians protesting in Jerusalem over a forthcoming decision of the Israeli Supreme Court regarding the eviction of four Palestinian families from Sheikh Jarrah, a neighbourhood of East Jerusalem.",
"The protests quickly escalated into violent confrontations between Israeli and Palestinian protesters.",
"The following day, the major Islamic holy site and the holiest to Judaism, known as the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound (the Temple Mount), was stormed by the Israeli police using tear gas, rubber bullets and stun grenades against firecrackers and stone-throwing Palestinians.",
"On 10 May, two Palestinian militant groups, Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, began firing rockets into Israel from the Gaza Strip, hitting multiple residences and a school.",
"Israel launched airstrikes against Gaza, including airstrikes targeting multiple apartment buildings, a refugee camp, and a news office building.As part of the crisis, widespread protests and riots occurred across Israel, particularly in cities with large Arab populations.",
"In Lod, rocks were thrown at Jewish apartments and some Jewish residents were evacuated from their homes by the police.",
"One man was seriously injured after being struck in the head by a rock.",
"In the nearby city of Ramle, Jewish rioters threw rocks at passing vehicles.",
"On 11 May, Mayor of Lod Yair Revivio urged Prime Minister of Israel Benjamin Netanyahu to deploy Israel Border Police in the city, stating that the city had \"completely lost control\" and warning that the country was on the brink of \"civil war\".",
"Netanyahu declared a state of emergency in Lod on 11 May, marking the first time since 1966 that Israel has used emergency powers over an Arab community.",
"Minister of Public Security Amir Ohana announced the implementation of emergency orders.Following the unrest, Yair Lapid, leader of the Yesh Atid political party and the Israeli opposition, informed outgoing President Reuven Rivlin that he and Yamina leader Naftali Bennett had reached a deal to form a coalition government, which would remove Netanyahu from power.",
"Mansour Abbas, leader of the United Arab List party, agreed to join the coalition.",
"On 2 June 2021, a coalition agreement was signed between Yesh Atid, Blue and White, Yamina, the Labor Party, Yisrael Beiteinu, New Hope, Meretz, and the United Arab List, with the new government sworn in on 13 June.On 20 June 2022, a little over a year after the coalition government was sworn in, Bennett and Lapid announced that they would begin the process of dissolving the government, thus sending Israel to a fifth round of elections in less than four years.",
"The election was scheduled for 1 November, with Lapid serving as interim Prime Minister until then.",
"This election saw the national camp win a majority of seats in the Knesset, likely returning Netanyahu to the post of Prime Minister.",
"Increases in the number of MKs for Likud and the Religious Zionist Party was attributed to a lack of support for liberal wing and Arab parties, most notably the failure of Meretz to cross the electoral threshold to qualify for parliamentary representation.",
"Following a two-month negotiation period, on 21 December, Netanyahu announced that he had succeeded in forming the new coalition.",
"The thirty-seventh government of Israel was sworn in on 29 December.",
"Some of the government's policy proposals, including a flagship program centered around reforms in the judicial branch, have drawn widespread criticism, both in Israel and abroad, sparking waves of protests across the country.==== Jordan ====The 2021 Jordanian coup d'état attempt was a failed military coup attempt against King Abdullah II of Jordan.",
"The former Crown Prince Prince Hamzah bin Hussein was placed under house arrest.==== Lebanon ====The 17 October Revolution continued, leading to the resignation of Prime Minister Saad Hariri, and then his successor Hassan Diab following the 2020 Beirut explosion.",
"These events have also happened against the ongoing Lebanese liquidity crisis.",
"Following being an interim Prime Minister, Saad Hariri resigned in July 2021 after both failing to form a new government in the past eight months and reaching an impasse with President Michel Aoun on adopting some constitutional amendments.==== Qatar ====General elections were held in Qatar for the first time on 2 October 2021, following an announcement by the Emir of Qatar on 22 August 2021.The elections for the Consultative Assembly were originally scheduled to be held in the second half of 2013, but were postponed in June 2013 until at least 2016.In 2016 they were postponed again.",
"Finally in November 2020 Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani pledged to hold the election in October 2021.The voter turnout during the election was 63.5%.==== Syria ====In early 2020, there was some evidence of new positive ties between the Syrian government and the Kurdish leaders in the autonomous region of Rojava, as the Kurds asked the Syrian government for help and protection against Turkish forces who invaded that region of Syria.In June 2020, the Syrian pound underwent a dramatic collapse.",
"The US Government stated via US Envoy James Jeffrey that the collapse would be exacerbated due to sanctions, and offered to help Assad if he agreed to meet certain conditions for political reform.",
"On 10 June, hundreds of protesters returned to the streets of Sweida for the fourth consecutive day, rallying against the collapse of the country's economy, as the Syrian pound plummeted to 3,000 to the dollar within the past week.",
"On 11 June, Prime Minister Imad Khamis was dismissed by President Bashar al-Assad, amid anti-government protests over deteriorating economic conditions.",
"The new lows for the Syrian currency, and the dramatic increase in sanctions, began to appear to raise new threats to the survival of the Assad government.",
"Analysts noted that a resolution to the current banking crisis in Lebanon might be crucial to restoring stability in Syria.As of early 2022, Syria was still facing a major economic crisis due to sanctions and other economic pressures.",
"there was some doubt of the Syrian government's ability to pay for subsidies for the population and for basic services and programs.",
"The UN reported there were massive problems looming for Syria's ability to feed its population in the near future.In one possibly positive sign for the well-being of Syria's population, several Arab countries began an effort to normalize relations with Syria, and to conclude a deal to provide energy supplies to Syria.",
"This effort was led by Jordan, and included several other Arab countries.==== Turkey ====In January 2020, Turkey announced it had sent troops to Libya in order to support the National Transitional Council in the Libyan Civil War, but that they would be in non-combat duties.",
"In March 2020, Turkey started a military offensive against the Syrian Armed Forces as part of its intervention in the Syrian Civil War.",
"That same month Turkey also declared that it would no longer stop migrants from entering the European Union.",
"Turkey also supported the Azerbaijani side in the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war by supplying it with Syrian mercenaries and drones.==== Yemen ====The Yemeni Civil War is an ongoing conflict that began in 2015 between two factions: the Abdrabbuh Mansur Hadi led Yemeni government and the Houthi armed movement, along with their supporters and allies.",
"Both claim to constitute the official government of Yemen."
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"2024 Bihar political crisis"
],
[
"Introduction",
"In January 2024, the eight-time Chief Minister of Bihar, India Nitish Kumar of the Mahagathbandhan block resigned amid rumours of him joining the opposition National Democratic Alliance (NDA).",
"He joined the National democratic Alliance and took the oath as the Ninth Chief Minister of Bihar, Samrat Chaudhary and Vijay Kumar Sinha as Deputy Chief Ministers."
],
[
"Reason",
"Nitish Kumar left the INDIA bloc and rejoined the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) in Bihar, citing internal issues within the opposition alliance.",
"Allegations against the Congress party for attempting to capture INDIA bloc leadership, disagreements over leadership positions, and delays in seat-sharing talks were factors influencing Kumar's decision."
],
[
"See also",
"* 2015 Bihar political crisis"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Tyler Keitel"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Tyler Keitel''' (born 7 February 1996) is a professional Australian rules footballer who plays for the West Perth Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL)."
],
[
"Early Career",
"Keitel started his career playing for 's WAFL Colts team from 2012 to 2014.Keitel nominated for the 2014 AFL national draft but was overlooked by all 18 clubs and did not get signed.",
"After being overlooked in the draft Keitel left and joined the West Perth Football Club."
],
[
"WAFL Career",
"Keitel joined ahead of the 2015 WAFL season and has used his utility ability to be able to swap between a dangerous tall forward and a string key defender.",
"Though through his career Keitel has been more dangerous as a key forward for the Falcons.",
"This role has made Keitel a 3 time Bernie Naylor Medalist and a 5 time club leading goalkicker for ."
],
[
"Statistics",
"''Updated to the end of 2023''.",
"2015 37 14 6 8 102 78 180 57 27 55 0.4 0.6 7.3 5.6 12.9 4.1 1.9 3.9 2016 37 21 2 2 253 142 395 105 58 73 0.1 0.1 12.0 6.8 18.8 5.0 2.8 3.5 2017 37 21 46 44 227 75 302 109 54 35 2.2 2.1 10.8 3.6 14.4 3.6 5.2 1.7 2018 37 22 '''50'''† 39 236 61 297 119 41 58 2.3 1.8 10.7 2.8 13.5 5.4 1.9 2.6 2019 37 17 25 13 214 90 304 107 64 142 1.5 0.8 12.6 5.3 17.9 6.3 3.8 8.4 2020 37 10 25 12 99 32 131 41 26 31 2.5 1.2 9.9 3.2 13.1 4.1 2.6 3.1 2021 37 19 '''70'''† 34 214 57 271 107 37 39 3.6 0.6 7.6 5.3 13.0 5.0 1.9 2.1 '''2022'''# 37 19 38 37 225 118 343 114 36 61 1.5 1.3 6.5 4.4 10.9 3.4 1.8 3.2 2023 37 18 '''57'''† 32 185 66 251 99 38 19 3.2 1.8 10.3 3.7 13.9 5.5 2.1 1.0 Career 161 319 221 1570 719 2474 858 381 477 2.0 1.4 9.8 4.5 15.3 5.3 2.4 3.0'''Notes'''"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Peril Peak (Alaska)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Peril Peak''' is a mountain summit in Alaska, United States."
],
[
"Description",
"Peril Peak is located east of Anchorage in the western Chugach Mountains.",
"It ranks as the 14th-highest summit within Chugach State Park.",
"Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains to Knik Arm via the Eklutna River.",
"Although modest in elevation, topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 2,500 feet (762 m) above the Eklutna Glacier in ."
],
[
"History",
"The peak was so named in 1963 by the members of the Mountaineering Club of Alaska because of the danger and difficulty involved in climbing it.",
"The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1964 by the United States Board on Geographic Names.",
"\"Jane Russell Peaks\" and \"Marilyns Twins\" were names rejected by the board, as the landform appears to have twin summits when viewed from the north.The first ascent of the summit was made on May 23, 1964, by Gregg Erickson, Helga Bading, Jim Frazer, and Hans Van der Laan, from the south."
],
[
"Climate",
"Based on the Köppen climate classification, Peril Peak is located in a tundra climate zone with long, cold, snowy winters, and cool summers.",
"Weather systems coming off the Gulf of Alaska are forced upwards by the Chugach Mountains (orographic lift), causing heavy precipitation in the form of rainfall and snowfall.",
"Winter temperatures can drop below −10 °F with wind chill factors below −20 °F.",
"This climate supports the Eklutna Glacier surrounding the peak."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of mountain peaks of Alaska*Geography of Alaska"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Peril Peak: weather forecast"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Éder Paulista"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Éderson Silva Camillo''' (born 15 March 1991), better known as '''Éder Paulista''', is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a forward for São Bento."
],
[
"Career",
"A center forward, Éder began his career at ECUS in Suzano, in 2008, at the age of 17.He had spells at Velo Clube and Anapolina, where he was part of the second division champion squad in Goiás in 2013.In 2016 he won titles again, with Cianorte in the second division of Paraná, and with CA Itajaí, where he was part of the squad that won the Catarinense Série C.In football in São Paulo, he had interesting passages in the Campeonato Paulista Série A3, being runner-up with Inter de Limeira in 2017, and top scorer in the competition for Nacional in 2021.On 26 October 2022 he signed with ASA to compete in the 2023 Campeonato Alagoano.",
"On 14 February 2023, he signed with Taubaté, which competed in the Campeonato Paulista Série A2.In May 2023, he signed another move to São Bento, the team he has remained with to date."
],
[
"Honours",
";Anapolina*Campeonato Goiano Second Division: 2013;Cianorte*Campeonato Paranaense Série Prata: 2016;CA Itajaí*Campeonato Catarinense Série C: 2016;São Bernardo FC*Copa Paulista: 2021;Individual*2021 Campeonato Paulista Série A3 top scorer: 13 goals"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* Éder Paulista at ogol.com.br *"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Acalle (sponge)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Acalle''' is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Metaniidae.The species of this genus are found in South America, specifically the Amazon River region of Brazil."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"''Acalle'' contains the following species:*''Acalle recurvata'' (Bowerbank, 1863)"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Baltimore Professional Championships"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Baltimore Professional Championships''' also known as the '''NTL Baltimore Pro Championships''' was a men's international professional indoor tennis tournament founded in 1968.It was first played at the Baltimore Civic Center in Baltimore, Maryland, United States.",
"It was held until 1969 when it was discontinued."
],
[
"History",
"The Baltimore Pro Championships was a men's tennis tournament established in 1968 as the Baltimore Pro Tennis Classic, a $6000 event that was part of the 1968 WCT Circuit that year.",
"It's tour name was the WCT Baltimore Pro Championships.",
"It was the successor tournament to the earlier College Park Pro Championships that was an indoor event held at the University of Maryland, College Park in 1964.It was first played on indoor carpet courts at the Baltimore Civic Center in Baltimore, Maryland, United States.",
"In 1969 the tournament was part the NTL Pro Tour that year and was branded as the NTL Baltimore Pro Championships after which the event was discontinued."
],
[
"Finals",
"===Men's singles===(Incomplete roll)YearChampionsRunners-upScore1968 Dennis Ralston Tony Roche6–0, 6–4.1969 Rod Laver Pancho Gonzales6–3, 3–6, 7–5, 4–6, 8–6."
],
[
"Tour names",
"* WCT Baltimore Pro Championships (1968)* NTL Baltimore Pro Championships (1969)"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Houssayella"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Houssayella''' is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Metaniidae.The species of this genus are found in South America."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"''Houssayella'' contains the following species:** ''Houssayella iguazuensis'' Bonetto & Ezcurra de Drago, 1966"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Myopic (Drug Church song)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''\"Myopic\"''' is a single by American hardcore band, Drug Church.",
"The standalone single was released on March 1, 2023, through Pure Noise Records."
],
[
"Background and recording",
"Lead singer, Patrick Kindlon, described the song as a song about anger and channeling anger.",
"Kindlon said \"in varying degrees, you can just let things go.",
"You don’t gotta stay angry forever.",
"Being bitter isn’t a virtue and people selling it as one aren’t very happy.",
"\"The song was released in anticipation of their U.S. headlining tour in Spring 2023."
],
[
"Critical reception",
"\"Myopic\" has been well received by contemporary music critics, praising it as a continuing success to their album ''Hygiene''.",
"Tom Breihan, writing for ''Stereogum'' called \"Myopic\" and \"absolute beast of a song\" calling it an excellent promotional single ahead of their 2023 tour.",
"Breihan further praised the lyricism of \"Myopic\" saying it's well-blended with the band's \"fired-up, hooky guitar rock\".",
"In a staff review of the song by ''Idioteq'', the review described \"Myopic\" as a song \"which features their signature sound of hardcore aggression, melodic guitar leads, and sardonic lyrics delivered by vocalist Patrick Kindlon.\"",
"They further said that \"the track showcases the band’s ability to create music that is both outsider and inviting, cementing their status as one of the best modern guitar bands.",
"\"Andrew Sacher, writing for ''BrooklynVegan'' described \"Myopic\" as \"classic Drug Church\", further saying the song is \"a mix of hardcore energy and alt-rock catchiness with wall-of-sound guitars and all the sharp lyrical wit you’d expect from Patrick Kindlon\"."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Corvomeyenia"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Corvomeyenia''' is a genus of freshwater sponges in the family Metaniidae.The species of this genus are found in several different geographic regions."
],
[
"Taxonomy",
"''Corvomeyenia'' contains the following species:*''Corvomeyenia carolinensis'' Harrison, 1971*''Corvomeyenia epilithosa'' Volkmer-Ribeiro, Rosa-Barbosa & Machado, 2005*''Corvomeyenia everetti'' (Mills, 1884)*''Corvomeyenia thumi'' (Traxler, 1895)"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"K.A. Gunasekaran"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''K.A.",
"Gunasekaran''' (1963 – 18 January 2016) was an Indian Dalit folklorist, theatre personality, and the first Dalit playwright in Tamil Nadu.",
"He made significant contributions to the field of Tamil literature, theatre, and folklore, addressing the issues faced by marginalized communities, including Dalits, tribal people, transgender people, and other backward classes.Born in a poor Dalit family in Elayankudi, he began writing small poems and plays infused with Marxian ideology."
],
[
"Career",
"Gunasekaran's groundbreaking play, \"Bali Adugal\" (Sacrificial Goat), is considered a precursor to the emergence of Dalit theatre in Tamil Nadu.",
"He went on to practice a distinctive form of theatre known as Odukkapattor Arangam or Theatre of the Oppressed.",
"His works addressed the struggles faced by disadvantaged sections of society, challenging the hegemonic forces exploiting individuals based on caste and gender.",
"His rebellious song \"Manusangada Naanga Manusangada,\" written by poet Inkulab and powerfully sung by Gunasekaran, became an anthem for the Dalit Movement in the 1990s.He served as the dean of the School of Performing Arts at Pondicherry University and the director of the International Institute of Tamil Studies.",
"Gunasekaran was associated with the Progressive Writers’ Movement and received recognition for his extensive research on urban folklore."
],
[
"Notable Works",
"* ''Sathya Sothanai'' (Experiments with Truth, 1988) * ''Pavalakkodi Alathu Kudumba Valakku'' (Family Dispute, 2001) * ''Mazhi''* ''Maatram''* ''Varaivu Kadavuthal''* ''Kanthan Valli''"
],
[
"Legacy",
"He received the Kalaimamani award from the Government of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry and the Dalit Isai Kurisil Award from the Tamil Association of Canada."
],
[
"Death",
"K.A.",
"Gunasekaran passed away on 16 January 2016 at his residence in Puducherry after a prolonged illness due to kidney failure.",
"He is survived by his wife and two children."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Assyrians in the State of Palestine"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Assyrians in the State of Palestine''' () are Assyrians living in the State of Palestine, whose number is several hundred."
],
[
"History",
"The Assyrian presence in the modern State of Palestine mainly originated from those who fled the Assyrian genocide from Tur Abdin in 1915.Many found refuge in what was known as the \"Syriac Quarter\" in Bethlehem and the since destroyed \"Syriac Quarter\" in the Old City of Jerusalem, squeezed between the Armenian Quarter and the Jewish Quarter at the Old City's southern end.After the Israel-Arab War of 1967, hundreds of Syriacs who had fled the Old City of Jerusalem during war returned to find their homes taken over by Israeli authorities and were scheduled to be handed over to Jewish settlers or else demolished to make way for housing built for Jews.",
"It is estimated that 65% of Syriacs who inhabited the Holy Land at the beginning of 1967 left the region (mostly Jerusalem and Bethlehem) in the following years.The Assyrians in the Holy Land today number about 5,000, mostly living in the cities of Jerusalem and Bethlehem, including a small remnant of the Syriac Quarter of the Old City that contains the Syriac social club and St. Mark's Monastery."
],
[
"Religion",
"Syriac Orthodox monastery of Saint Mark, in the Old City of JerusalemAssyrians are predominantly Christians of the East and West Syriac Rite.",
"The majority of Assyrians in the Holy Land (Israel and Palestine) are adherents of the Syriac Orthodox Church, while a smaller community of Catholic Assyrians also exists.===Orthodox Assyrians=======Syriac Orthodox Church====The Syriac Orthodox Church is the largest Assyrian church, covered by the Archbishopric of Israel, Palestine and Jordan under the spiritual guidance and direction of Archbishop Gabriel Dahho.The most notable monastery is the Monastery of Saint Mark in Jerusalem.",
"The Syriac Orthodox Church also has sharing rights to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre and minor rights to the Tomb of the Virgin Mary where they possess an altar on the western side of the holy site.===Catholic Assyrians=======Syriac Catholic Church====The Syriac Catholic Church has a Patriarchal Exarchate formed in 1892 and is based out of the Church of Saint Thomas in Jerusalem.====Chaldean Catholic Church====Since 1903, the Chaldean Catholic Church has been represented in Jerusalem by a non-resident patriarchal vicar.",
"In 1997, the Chaldean Catholic Church established the Territory Dependent on the Patriarch which was previously governed as the Patriarchal Vicariate of Jerusalem within the Patriarch's own archeparchy."
],
[
"See also",
"*Christianity in the State of Palestine*Assyrian homeland"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Further reading",
"*Sun, John Russel. \"",
"Assyrians along with other Christians celebrated Easter in Jerusalem.\"",
"AFP, April 8, 2007."
],
[
"External links",
"* Invisible Christians of the Holy Land"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"London from Greenwich Park"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''London from Greenwich Park''''' is an 1809 landscape painting by the English artist J. M. W. Turner.",
"It looks down from Greenwich Hill towards Greenwich Hospital and the Queen's House.",
"In the distance beyond the River Thames is the City of London with St Paul's Cathedral towering over the other buildings.",
"It emphasises the extent of the capital as an expanding metropolis.",
"It replicates a similar view by the Dutch painter Hendrick Danckerts dating back to 1670.1670 view of Greenwich by Hendrick DanckertsAs part of the Turner Bequest in 1856, it came into the hands of the British government.",
"It is now in the Tate Britain collection."
],
[
"See also",
"* List of paintings by J. M. W. Turner"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Bibliography",
"* Finley, Gerald.",
"''Angel in the Sun: Turner's Vision of History''.",
"McGill-Queen's Press, 1999.",
"* Hamilton, James.",
"''Turner - A Life''.",
"Sceptre, 1998.",
"* Robinson, Alan.",
"''Imagining London, 1770-1900''.",
"Springer, 2004."
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Suao River"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Suao River''' （Chinese：蘇澳溪）is located in the northeastern part of Taiwan.",
"The main stream has a length of 8.83 kilometers, and the watershed area is 29.65 square kilometers .",
"It is distributed in the central area of Suao Township, Yilan County.",
"The upper reaches of the main stream are formed by the Bai Mi River, which originates from the source of the Coarse Pit Creek.",
"The source is on the northeast side of the West Hat Mountain at an elevation of 966 meters .",
"It flows northeast to near the Coarse Pit, where it changes its name to Bai Mi River.",
"Then it turns east and flows to the vicinity of the Yungchun Station on the North Link Railway.",
"After merging with another tributary, the Zuntoukeng Creek, it is renamed the Suao River.",
"The river then turns north, passing through Hudong and Gongguan Keng, and finally flows into the Pacific Ocean at the Suao Harbor."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Karl Frederik Kinch"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Karl Frederik Kinch''' (15 March 1853–26 August 1921) was a Danish archaeologist and classical philologist.",
"He explored and recorded monuments and tombs in Macedonia during the 1880s and 1890s, recording important archaeological finds before time and looters damaged them.",
"He participated in excavations at Lindos and Vroulia on the island of Rhodes from 1902 to 1914."
],
[
"Biography",
"A painting by Kinch's friend Oscar Willerup, published by Kinch in 1920, of the interior of a tomb at Naousa (\"Kinch's tomb\") depicting a Macedonian cavalryman wielding a spear (perhaps a sarissa or a xyston?).",
"The opponent might be a Persian.",
"Kinch dated the painting to around 325–300 BCE.",
"Kinch found the tomb in his travels in 1883–1895; the original painting was later destroyed, so Kinch's recreation is all that remains.Karl Frederik (K. F.) Kinch was born in 1853 in Ribe to his mother Bertine Kinch and his father , an author and historian.",
"He had many siblings; his father had 15 children over two wives.",
"Karl Frederik received a good education at the University of Copenhagen and studied under , a professor of philology and archeology there.",
"Kinch acquired his PhD in 1883 with a thesis on Quintus Curtius Rufus.",
"Initially, he searched for a job that would put his philology to use, but couldn't find a permanent position.",
"Instead, he traveled during the 1880s and early 1890s.In particular, he visited the lands of the Kingdom of Greece as well as Asia Minor.",
"In Athens, he learned from other archaeologists that knowledge of Macedonia (then part of the Salonica vilayet of the Ottoman Empire) was lacking.",
"Kinch made a special focus of the peninsula Chalkidiki, then a dangerous place threatened by bandits.",
"Kinch traveled through the region five times as the first Danish archaeologist to do so, recorded various ancient inscriptions he found there, and published them.",
"Among his travels in Chalkidiki was a site he (correctly) believed to be of the ancient city of Olynthus (although this would only be confirmed many decades later with the work of David Moore Robinson), as well as finding and identifying the location of Stagira, the birthplace of Aristotle.",
"He published ''L'arc de triomphe de Salonique'' in 1890 describing a Roman-era monument found in the city of Thessaloniki, near the Egnatia Odos, which he identified as a 4th-century (~300 CE) work in honor of Roman Emperor Galerius.",
"His work was convincing, and the arch has since been known as the Arch of Galerius.",
"As the arch was in substantially better shape in the 1880s than in later years, Kinch's work is relied upon for information about parts of the arch since damaged.Kinch was the first to describe and define Macedonian chamber tombs, distinguished by their vaulted roof, ornate façade, and Doric frieze above the entrance.",
"Since his publications, around 100 other similar chamber tombs have been discovered by other archaeologists such as Alan Wace, all matching his description.",
"One find of particular importance was a tomb at Naousa, called \"Kinch's Tomb.\"",
"There, he recorded a painting of a Macedonian cavalryman that was later destroyed, leaving Kinch and his artist friend Oscar Willerup's recreation the only surviving record.",
"Kinch remained on good terms with his former teacher, as Professor Ussing had also traveled Greece in his youth in the Thessaly region.",
"Kinch wrote a letter to Ussing on a small Byzantine village church near Thessaloniki.",
"Kinch's findings were that the church had been constructed by Euthymius the Younger around 870 CE as an imitation of the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople.",
"From 1895–98, Kinch returned to Denmark, where he worked as a director at Mariboe's School in Copenhagen.Kinch worked with the Carlsberg Foundation to select a potentially fruitful site for a new archaeological expedition, and eventually selected Lindos on the island of Rhodes after some exploratory visits to the region.",
"In the period 1902–1914, together with the Danish archaeologist , he was head of excavations at Lindos.",
"During this period, Kinch met the draftswoman Helvig Amsinck, a Danish artist who came to work on the Lindos project.",
"The two married on 10 May 1903, and would have a daughter, Gunhild, in 1904.Helvig would illustrate much of her husband's work and findings.",
"Kinch's work moved toward Vroulia on the southern end of Rhodes in 1907.One of the notable finds at Lindos was the Lindian Temple Chronicle.",
"Kinch became a member of the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1913.The Ottoman entry into World War I in November 1914 made further work in the Aegean Sea region impossible.",
"Kinch returned to Copenhagen, where he published some of his findings.",
"Kinch's final years were troubled by illness, and he died on 26 August 1921.His wife Helvig considerably outlived him, surviving until 1956."
],
[
"Legacy",
"Kinch's efforts in the field led to him being called a \"pioneering archaeologist\" in one 2018 book on Macedonia.",
"Bente Kiilerich wrote that Kinch's analysis of the Arch of Galerius was pioneering and a \"groundbreaking work.\"",
"Kinch's career involved intensive and grueling field work.",
"While he was published and eventually became a member of the expected learned societies, this was late in his life, and he never held a permanent university or museum position.",
"The academic circles of his day do not appear to have considered him a significant scholar; his reputation only improved later, with Blinkenberg's publications of the Lindos findings.",
"While most of Kinch's writings were published in French and German so as to reach a wider audience, he also was one of the only scholars to publish a significant work in the Danish language on Macedonian history for many years in his 1891 work (\"Memories from Macedonia\")."
],
[
"Selected works",
"* ''Quaestiones Curtianae criticae.''",
"(1883) ( ebook)* ''L'arc de triomphe de Salonique'' (1890) ( scan)* ''Erindringer fra Makedonien'' (1891), in Tilskueren ( scan)* ''Beretning om en arkæologisk Rejse i Makedonien'' (1893), in ''Forhandlinger paa det fjerde Nordiske filologmøde i København den 18-21 juli 1892'', pages 101–117 ( ebook)* ''De hellenske Kolonier paa den makedonske Halvø'' (1894), in ''Festskrift til Vilhelm Thomsen fra disciple'' ( ebook)* ''Fouilles de Vroulia (Rhodes)'' (with Helvig Kinch and Christian Blinkenberg) (1914) ( PDF)* ''Le Tombeau De Niausta: Tombeau Macédonien'' (1920) ( PDF)* (posthumously, by Christian Blinkenberg) ''Lindos.",
"Fouilles et recherches, 1902-1914.''",
"Volume 1: ''Les petits objets.''",
"(1931)* (posthumously, by Christian Blinkenberg) ''Lindos.",
"Fouilles et recherches, 1902-1914.''",
"Volume 2: ''Inscriptions.''",
"(1941)* (posthumously, by Christian Blinkenberg, edited by Ejnar Dyggve) ''Lindos.",
"Fouilles et recherches, 1902-1914.''",
"Volume 3: ''Le sanctuaire d'Athana Lindia et l'architecture lindienne.''",
"(1960)"
],
[
"Gallery",
"File:K F Kinch.png|A photograph of an elderly Kinch by Julie Laurberg and Franziska GadFile:Kinchs Tomb (Macedonian tomb), Lefkadia, Ancient Mieza (7272131400).jpg|A modern photograph of \"Kinch's tomb\" near Mieza where Kinch said he found the cavalryman paintingFile:Rhodian Eschara Antikensammlung Berlin 1.jpg|, an eschara vessel found in Rhodes, and detailed in Kinch's 1914 work ''Fouilles de Vroulia (Rhodes)''.",
"Probably dates to the 8th century BCE due to the late geometric style of pottery.",
"Currently held at the Antikensammlung Berlin.File:Arch of Galerius north pillar Kinch.png|An image of the Arch of Galerius in Kinch's 1890 monographFile:Arch of Galerius (Thessaloniki) 20180222.jpg|The Arch of Galerius in 2018"
],
[
"Notes"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"* K.F.",
"Kinch \"15.Marts 1853 – 26.August 1921\", pages 37–45, an obituary by Johan Ludvig Heiberg"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"College Park Pro Championships"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''College Park Pro Championships''' was a men's international professional indoor tennis tournament founded in 1964.It was first played at the College Park Tennis Center in College Park, Maryland, United States.",
"It was held one time when it was discontinued."
],
[
"History",
"The Baltimore Pro Championships was a men's tennis tournament established in 1964.It was an indoor tennis event played at the College Park Tennis Center, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, United States.",
"It was the precursor tournament to the later Baltimore Professional Championships also an indoor event held Baltimore in 1968.The tournament featured a draw of ten that included the following players; Alex Olmedo, Andrés Gimeno, Barry MacKay, Butch Buchholz, Frank Sedgman, Ken Rosewall, Lew Hoad, Mike Davies, Pancho Gonzales and Rod Laver competing in an elimination round format.",
"It was played from May 19 to May 24, 1964.The tournament was discontinued."
],
[
"Final",
"===Singles===(Incomplete roll)YearChampionsRunners-upScore1964 Andrés Gimeno Lew Hoad4–6, 6–2, 10–8."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Ampelosa Manoa Tehulu"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Ampelosa Manoa Tehulu''' is a Tuvaluan politician.Tehulu was elected to the Parliament of Tuvalu at the 2019 Tuvaluan general election, and appointed Minister for Public Utilities & Environment in the cabinet of Kausea Natano.",
"He was re-elected in the 2024 Tuvaluan general election."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Ninth Nitish Kumar ministry"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''Ninth Nitish Kumar ministry''' is the Council of Ministers in Bihar Legislative Assembly headed by Chief Minister Nitish Kumar.",
"On 28 January 2024, he walked out of the INDIA (alliance) and announced his resignation.",
"He then decided to form a new government in Bihar along with the BJP's NDA alliance."
],
[
"Council of Ministers",
"Source"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Lavender Patten"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Lady '''Lavender Patten''' (b. London, 19 September 1944) is the wife of Chris Patten.",
"From 1992 to 1997 she was the final British ‘First Lady’ of Hong Kong.",
"During her time in Hong Kong she was patron of 67 charities and organisations.",
"She was the author of ''Hong Kong Journal'' in 1997."
],
[
"Early life and education",
"Mary Lavender St. Leger Thornton was the third child of father Major John St. Leger Thornton (1911-1944), who was killed in action one month before she was born, and mother Joan Coulton Walker Smith (1907-1961), editor of ''The Builder'' magazine.",
"Lavender was christened by the Bishop of Ripon at Ripon Cathedral.",
"Her mother remarried in 1949.She had two older brothers, one step-brother and one step-sister.",
"She attended Roedean School from 1955 to 1961.When Lavender was 16 her mother died in a car crash.",
"Soon afterwards her stepfamily moved to South Africa, leaving Lavender in England.",
"She went on to develop a close relationship with the cartographer, Phyllis Pearsall, who had lived with Lavender's mother in Golders Green during the Blitz.",
"Phyllis, known by her family as “Auntie Pig”, had helped with Lavender's birth.",
"During Lavender's time in Hong Kong, Pearsall would visit Lavender at Hong Kong's Government House every November.Lavender read classics at St Hilda’s College, Oxford, but changed to law.",
"She graduated in 1962, after which she completed her Bar finals via correspondence course.",
"While at Oxford University, Lavender began to date Chris Patten, a student at Balliol College.",
"Howard Marks, a contemporary of Patten's at Balliol, wrote in his memoir that he would “let Chris sneak his girlfriend, Lavender, through my window.”After graduating, Chris moved to America and Lavender called off their engagement, marrying another Oxford student, John Millen, in 1966.They divorced two years later.",
"She resumed her relationship with Chris, and they married in London on 11 September 1971.They have three daughters, including the actor Alice Patten.",
"In the 1970s Lavender Patten was “famous for her un-Toryish dress sense”."
],
[
"Pre-Hong Kong",
"After completing bar school, Lavender moved to London where she worked as an editor for a legal publishing company, going on to become a clerk of the court for the Inner London Crown Court.",
"She was called to the Bar as a family law barrister in 1969.In 1988, after raising her daughters, she started practising as a barrister, specialising in family law at 1 Garden Court Chambers, Temple.Lavender supported her husband during his political career, including campaigning on his behalf in his Bath constituency, while he was in London running the Conservative Party's 1992 election campaign.",
"At this time, the Pattens lived in Morpeth Terrace in Pimlico and a small cottage in Conkwell, Bath."
],
[
"Hong Kong",
"In 1992, Chris accepted the post of Governor to Hong Kong.",
"Lavender would hold “little-publicised parties” for children and elderly people at Government House plus “at least 70 full-scale charity balls” over the course of their tenure.",
"Of her role as Governor's wife, Jonathan Dimbleby, a close friend, wrote that her “public performance as the governor's wife earned her plaudits throughout Hong Kong and across the political spectrum.” Lavender redecorated Government House, bringing in Chinese furniture so that “for the first time in 140 years” the house was decorated in a Chinese style."
],
[
"Hong Kong Patronage",
"During her time in Hong Kong Patten was patron of at least 67 charities and organisations.",
"Of her work, she said, “I found I could be quite helpful to community groups by putting a word in the right ear.” She was instrumental in altering some traditionally held views, saying, “When we arrived, the authorities there did not have much sympathy for battered wives.” By the time she left this had changed and “the Government had really taken the problem on board; the same with child abuse.” She also spoke out over the treatment of people with intellectual disabilities, saying in 1993, “I am confident that sustained public education will bring a better understanding of disabled people.”In January 1995, Lavender met Mike Sinclair, a British dentist who was one of only two people in Hong Kong to have gone public with an AIDS diagnosis at the time.",
"The photographs of the two of them together were “compared in the local press to the picture of Diana, Princess of Wales with Ivan Cohen, an AIDS patient, in April, 1987.” Sinclair died a month after their meeting.When the residents of a housing estate protested about the establishment of a home for people with Down's Syndrome locally, David Tang asked Lavender to come to “demonstrate her support” which she did, even though there had been threats to “throw bags of excrement and urine in protest.”Hong Kong charities and organisations of which she was patron included:* AIDS Hospice* AIDS Trust Fund* Cheshire Home, Chung Hom Kok* Chinese University of Hong Kong* The Community Chest of Hong Kong, President* Down's Syndrome Association* Heep Hong Society* Helping Hand* HIV Drop-In Centre, St John's Cathedral* Hong Kong Advisory Council on AIDS she was patron of Hong Kong's first conference on AIDS in November 1996* Hong Kong Alzheimer's Disease and Brain Failure Association* Hong Kong Ballet* Hong Kong Childhealth Foundation * Hong Kong Council of Early Childhood Education and Services* Hong Kong Youth Arts Festival* Hong Kong Marrow Match Foundation* The Ladies Lawn Bowls Association of Hong Kong* Life Education Activity Programme (LEAP)* Youth Outreach* Zonta Club - Chair"
],
[
"Post-Hong Kong",
"After Chris Patten's role in Hong Kong came to an end in July 1997, Lavender was keen for Chris to leave his political career behind, saying “Quite frankly I fear for our family life if Chris pursues a political career.” The Pattens bought a farmhouse in Tarn, southwest France, in which they lived for a year after leaving Hong Kong.",
"Lavender accompanied Chris on a tour of Asia to promote his 1998 book ''East and West'', which he dedicated to her.Upon her return to England, Lavender retrained as a mediator and worked for MiD Mediation and Counselling in Twickenham.",
"In 2000 she was working as a mediator for the Surrey Family Mediation Service.",
"The Patten's home in England is a mid-19th century house in Barnes, London.",
"In 2005 Chris was created a life peer, Baron Patten of Barnes, with Lavender becoming Lady Patten of Barnes.In the UK, Lavender Patten has been involved with the following organisations:* Support for the Sick Newborn and their Parents* The Healing Foundation* Oxford Mindfulness Centre* Roedean School – President of the Council* Godolphin and Latymer School – Director (1999-2010)"
],
[
"Publications",
"* ''Liu Jian: Recent paintings on wood/paper'' (1994) Lorraine Monk (Pub: Alisan Fine Art) - foreword* ''Divorce and Separation in Hong Kong: You Guide to the law and procedure'' (1995) Elizabeth Francis, Sarah Warren (Pub: OUP) - foreword* ''Responding to Child Abuse: Procedures and Practice for Child Protection in Hong Kong'' (1997) Charles O’Brien, Cheng Chung Yau Ling, Nancy Rhind (Pub.",
"Hong Kong University Press) - foreword* ''Hong Kong Journal'' (1997) Pub.",
"Anova Books* ''Mrs P's Journey: The Remarkable Story of the Woman who Created the A-Z map'' (2002) Sarah Hartley (Pub.",
"Pocket Books) – contributor"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Adidas NMD"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Adidas NMD''' is a line of running shoes released by Adidas in 2015.The shoes are best known for utilizing the company's Boost technology in the soles."
],
[
"History",
"The sneaker was released the same year as the Adidas Ultraboost on December 9, 2015, and was created to capitalize on the company's new Boost technology.",
"The inpisration for the shoe came from wanting to take old designs from Adidas' past and blend them with new most recent designs and technology it had which is why it used its Primeknit uppers.",
"The three shoes used for inspiration were the Boston Super, Micropacer, and Rising Star.The name \"NMD\" stands for \"nomad\" which the company says was the inspiration for the shoe.",
"Adidas wanted to create a shoe for someone who was always on the move and a global traveler, looking to discover new things.",
"This is the same reason why the shoe debuted in New York City."
],
[
"Popularity",
"The shoes rode on the popularity of the Yeezy line and Ultraboost shoes by being associated as the latest release by Adidas as the next fashionable shoe.",
"The shoe was immediately sold out upon release and led to higher prices on the secondary market."
],
[
"Models",
"There have been various models of the shoe released with all of them following the same naming convention with \"NMD\" at the beginning, followed by an underscore and the model type.",
"For instance, the original model is officially known as the '''NMD_R1'''.===NMD_R1===All white pair of Adidas NMD_R1The original model of the NMD line.",
"The shoe features a Primeknit upper with a Boost sole underneath.",
"It features two plastics attachments on the side of the shoe in both the front and back.",
"The front features the name and logo of Adidas.",
"The back also has an additional plastic part on the upper part of the shoe.===NMD_R1 V2===The second iteration of the shoe was launched on December 1, 2019.The shoe has the same features as the original but with more branding and an added heel tab that connects the EVA inserts in the sole.===NMD_V3===The third iteration of the original NMD line released in 2022, the design went back to look more similar to the original release and removed some features introduced in the V2.The shoe features a new material used in the knit upper and uses recycled materials including polyester and plastic."
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Xiaoqiu Village"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Xiaoqiu Village'''（) is located on the western side of the Taiwan Strait and is an administrative district of Wuchiu Township under the jurisdiction of the Republic of China's Fujian Province.",
"Originally part of Putian County, it is currently administered by Kinmen County.",
"Xiaoqiu Village is surrounded by the sea on all four sides, including the main island of Xiaoqiu.",
"and nearby reefs, and the entire area falls under the military control zone of the Republic of China."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Spanish peace treaties with the Comanche"
],
[
"Introduction",
"Comanche territory, called Comancheria, from about 1750 to 1850.",
"'''Spanish peace treaties with the Comanche''' in 1785 and 1786 resulted in a permanent peace between the Comanche and the Spanish colony in New Mexico and a lengthy, albeit interrupted, peace between the Comanche and the Spanish in Texas.",
"Since their first contacts with the Spanish in 1706, the Comanches had raided the colonies and been a threat to their continued existence.",
"In the 1780s several factors combined to give both sides the incentive to negotiate peace treaties which resulted in expanded trade between the Spanish and the Comanche and a combined effort to defeat their mutual enemy, the Apache."
],
[
"Background",
"Comanches by George Catlin.",
"In the mid-eighteenth century the Comanche posed a threat to the survival of Spanish settlements in New Mexico and Texas.",
"The Comanche first came to the attention of the Spanish in New Mexico in 1706.They were expanding southward at the time, pushing the Apache off the Great Plains.",
"In 1743, a Comanche band visited San Antonio, the first Spanish record of their presence in Texas.",
"By that time the Comanche were gaining control over a large area of the Great Plains, called Comancheria by the Spanish, reaching from the Arkansas River in Colorado to near San Antonio.The Comanche were pure nomads, practicing no agriculture and with no permanent settlements.",
"They acquired horses in the early 18th century, relied on bison (buffalo) for subsistence, and were adroit at war, diplomacy, and trade.",
"By 1750, they were divided by geography into two groups: the western Comanche who lived mostly in southern Colorado and the eastern Comanche who lived mostly in northern Texas.",
"The Comanche are estimated to have numbered ten to fifteen thousand in 1750.Their numbers were growing rapidly due to incorporating captives and members of other tribes into their society, reaching a maximum population of twenty to thirty thousand in 1780.By contrast the population of the New Mexico colony (including 5,100 people in the El Paso, Texas region) in 1776 was 18,544 (including 8,602 Pueblo Indians) and the population of the Texas colony in 1780 was about 4,000.The Taovaya, a Wichita tribe who lived along the Red River in Texas and Oklahoma and numbered several thousands, were an important Comanche ally and trading partner although in reduced numbers after an epidemic, possibly smallpox, in 1777–1778.Several factors led the Comanche to be receptive to peace with the Hispanic population in New Mexico and Texas.",
"In 1779, the governor of New Mexico, Juan Bautista de Anza, defeated and killed the Comanche chief Cuerno Verde (Green Horn) in a battle that took place south of 21st century Pueblo, Colorado.",
"Secondly, a continent-wide smallpox epidemic in 1780-1781 caused thousands of deaths among the Comanche.",
"Third, the Osage from Missouri and other eastern Indians were becoming rivals on the Great Plains and were better armed because of their ties to traders, mostly of French origin, in St. Louis.",
"Drought was a recurrent threat to Comanche livelihood and their raiding and trading proto-empire.Although both New Mexico and Texas were provinces of the Viceroyalty of New Spain governed from Mexico City, the Comanche dealt with them as separate entities.",
"To the Comanche, an agreement with one did not apply to both.",
"The Comanche had no centralized government, although as the negotiations of the peace treaties with the Spanish would demonstrate they had the capability of unified action."
],
[
"Treaty with the eastern Comanche",
"Spanish and Comanche Texas in 1794.The Comanche were famous for their horsemanship and their large herds of horses.In 1766-1768 the Marqués de Rubí surveyed the beleaguered northern frontier of New Spain.",
"Rubí recommended that Spanish settlements in Texas north of San Antonio be abandoned and that the Spanish make peace with the Comanche to ally against the Apache, their common enemy.Rubí's recommendations were adopted but no progress was made with the Comanches until 1784.In autumn of that year, an emissary from Domingo Cabello y Robles, the Spanish governor of Texas, persuaded two Frenchmen and a Spaniard living among the Taovaya and four Taovaya and Wichita to visit San Antonio in an attempt to improve relations between the Spanish and the Wichita peoples, who were allies of the Comanche.",
"One of the Frenchmen was Pedro Vial, a blacksmith who had lived among the Taovaya for many years and spoke their language, Cabello persuaded Vial to remain in San Antonio to work as a blacksmith.",
"Another 1784 arrival in San Antonio was Francisco Xavier Chaves, (also spelled Cháves) twenty-two years old, a Spaniard captured as a child in New Mexico by the Comanche, later sold to the Taovaya, and who decided (or escaped) to return to live among the Spanish.",
"Chaves spoke both the Comanche and Wichita languages.In May 1785, Governor Cabello, under pressure from the Viceroy in Mexico City to reach peace with the Comanche, persuaded Vial to undertake a peace mission to the Comanche.",
"Vial selected Chaves to accompany him because of his familiarity with the Comanche and knowledge of the language.",
"Vial and Chaves and two servants began their mission at Nacogdoches, Texas on July 23, 1785, meeting Taovaya and Wichita chiefs there for the annual distribution of gifts to them from the Spanish.",
"They journeyed to the twin Taovaya villages on the Red River in company with two Taovaya leaders.",
"The party arrived at the villages (near present-day Spanish Fort, Texas) on August 6.The Taovaya agreed with Vial's objective of making peace with the Comanche.",
"Accompanied by Taovaya chiefs, Vial and Chaves journeyed to meet the various bands of the eastern Comanche (Cuchanees or Kotsoteka) on the Little Wichita River near present-day Wichita Falls, Texas.",
"Vial persuaded three of the Comanche chiefs to accompany him to San Antonio for peace talks with the Governor.",
"The Comanche chiefs, their wives, and Vial and Chaves arrived there on September 29.Governor Cabello made haste to welcome his Comanche guests and the Comanche stayed in San Antonio for nearly three weeks enjoying the best the frontier outpost could offer.",
"The two sides agreed to a peace treaty.",
"The Comanche pledged to be friends with the Spanish, to return Spanish captives, and not to admit any strangers (''i.e.''",
"French traders) to their camps.",
"They furthermore said they would notify the governor when they planned to travel south into Mexico-claimed territory to fight their mutual enemies, the Lipan and Mescalero Apache.",
"In return the Spanish pledged to provide the Comanche with gifts.",
"The formal ratification of the agreement was delayed for six months while the governor assembled sufficient gifts to meet Spanish obligations to the Comanche.As the Comanche prepared to return home, a crisis occurred.",
"The Lipan were infuriated by the peace treaty and 158 warriors gathered outside San Antonio to attack the Comanche chiefs on their way home.",
"Governor Cabello quickly assembled the forces available to him, 42 soldiers and 10 militiamen, to escort the Comanche.",
"On October 19, 1785, the Comanche, chiefs dressed in Spanish officers' uniforms gifted them, wives adorned in Spanish finery, and their escort departed San Antonio.",
"Chaves accompanied the group which arrived safely in Comancheria."
],
[
"Treaty with the western Comanche",
"Juan Bautista de Anza.The western Comanche had both traded with and raided the Spanish colony of New Mexico.",
"Some bands of the Comanche were often trading with the Spanish in Taos while others were raiding other parts of the colony.",
"The treaty of the eastern Comanche with the Spanish in Texas caused the western Comanche to consider reaching a similar agreement with the Spanish in New Mexico.",
"The first problem of the Comanche was to reconcile their peace and war factions.",
"The peace group assassinated Toroblanco, an implacable enemy of the Spanish.",
"The Comanche then held a conference of 600 ''rancherias'' (family groups) along the Arkansas River in Colorado.New Mexican governor Juan Bautista de Anza demanded that the Comanche speak with one voice in seeking peace.",
"The rancheria representatives selected Ecueracapa (\"Iron Shirt\", a reference to the Spanish armor he wore in battle), a distinguished warrior, to represent all of them in seeking peace with New Mexico.",
"Ecueracapa accepted the assignment, but warned that, if any Comanche violated the terms of an agreement he negotiated, he would join with the Spanish to punish them.",
"On December 10, 1785, the western Comanche began their search for peace by capturing a New Mexican subject, Jose Chiquito, who spoke the Comanche language.",
"They treated Chiquito well and sent him to the New Mexican capital of Santa Fe with a message that Ecueracapa was the designated representation of the Comanche and requested safe passage for him to meet with the governor.",
"De Anza accepted and sent a return delegation with gifts to Ecueracapa,A complication arose when a small band of Comanche killed a Pecos Indian, a subject of Spain.",
"Ecueracapa executed the leader of the band as a sign of his good will toward the Spanish.",
"The Utes, friends of the Spanish and enemies of the Comanche, were worried that a Spanish/Comanche peace agreement would disadvantage them.",
"De Anza pacified them by including several Utes among the group to negotiate with the Comanche.",
"On February 25, 1786, Ecueracapa entered Santa Fe with due ceremony and met with the governor.",
"De Anza first negotiated a peace agreement between the Utes and Comanche, and on February 28 de Anza, Ecueracura, and a large delegation of Spanish, Comanche, and Ute set out for Pecos where the formal negotiations for a treaty would be held.",
"Two hundred Comanche chiefs waited in Pecos to participate.Ecueracapa requested that the Spanish allow the Comanche to trade in Santa Fe and Pecos as well as Taos.",
"De Anza agreed.",
"Both sides favored Spanish and Comanche cooperation in a war against their common enemy, the Apache.",
"De Anza celebrated the agreement with a trade fair in Pecos in which the Spanish traded iron goods and bread to the Comanche in exchange for bison robes and horses.",
"De Anza reduced the prices charged the Comanche for knives and other products.",
"On March 3, the conference concluded with amity and the two sides retired to their respective homes."
],
[
"Consequences",
"Both sides benefitted from the treaties.",
"Spanish settlement in New Mexico, long confined to the Rio Grande valley because of Comanche and Apache raids, expanded and population increased.",
"Spanish traders (Comancheros) and bison hunters (Ciboleros) began to venture onto the Great Plains.",
"The New Mexicans also soon made peace with the Navajo on their western frontier, adding to the security of the formerly-beleaguered colony.The Comanche benefited from the trade with New Mexico, including trade in guns.",
"Having a friendly relationship with the Spanish in Texas enabled the Comanche to push the Lipan Apaches further south into Mexico.",
"Peace with New Mexico and Texas also freed warriors to defend Comancheria from the encroachments of eastern and northern enemies, especially the Osage and the Pawnee.",
"Ecueracapa was killed in 1793 in a battle with the Pawnee.The New Mexico treaty was more successful than the Texas treaty in keeping the peace between the Spanish and Comanches.",
"The peace treaty with Texas lasted until 1801 when a Spaniard killed a Comanche which initiated a decade of renewed violence.",
"The treaties with both Texas and New Mexico were under stress with the Mexican Revolution which began in 1810.As Mexico fought for independence from Spain, it lacked the organization and resources to reward the Comanche with the gifts and the trade they expected.",
"Nevertheless, Comanche peace and trade with New Mexico endured.",
"From the 1830s until 1870 the Comanches both fought with Texans and used Texas as a safe haven as they raided hundreds of miles deep into Mexico to capture horses, mules, and other livestock.",
"They traded the horses and mules to Anglo Americans advancing westward as well as augmenting their own large herds."
],
[
"See also",
"* Comanche history* Comanche-Mexico War * Comanche Wars* Spanish Texas"
],
[
"Footnotes"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Opinion polling for the 1970 United Kingdom general election"
],
[
"Introduction",
"In the run-up to the 1970 general election, various organisations carried out opinion polling to gauge voting intention.",
"Results of such polls are displayed in this article.",
"The date range for these opinion polls are from the 1966 United Kingdom general election until May 1970."
],
[
"Graphical summaries",
"The chart below depicts opinion polls conducted for the 1970 United Kingdom general election using a 15-poll moving average.File:1970_UK_election_polling_graph.svg|thumb|800px|centre|"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Nässjö railway station"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Nässjö railway station''' is located in the city of Nässjö, Sweden, along the Southern Main Line.",
"It is an important junction with railways in six directions, the two on the mainline and four other.",
"The station is located around from the traditional midpoint of the city.",
"City buses and regional buses stop nearby.Railway traffic started in 1864.The station building has been added to a few times.",
"Nässjö is a railway town and the present midtown was a small rural village before the railway construction."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"List of On Patrol: Live and On Patrol: First Shift episodes"
],
[
"Introduction",
"''On Patrol: Live'' is an American reality television and docuseries that premiered on Reelz on July 22, 2022.It is hosted by Dan Abrams, former Tulsa Police Department Sergeant Sean \"Sticks\" Larkin, and Curtis Wilson, a deputy with the Richland County Sheriff's Department.",
"The series is considered a revival of ''Live PD'' which aired on A&E from 2016 to 2020, and was also hosted by Abrams and Larkin.",
"An additional set of 90-episodes was ordered on January 12, 2024, which will comprise the series third season and run through January 2025.A companion series, titled ''On Patrol: First Shift'' premiered in August 2022 and serves as a lead-in to new episodes of ''On Patrol: Live''."
],
[
"''On Patrol: Live''",
"===Series overview======Episodes=======Season 1 (2022–23)========Season 2 (2023-24)===="
],
[
"''On Patrol: First Shift''",
"===Series overview======Episodes=======Season 1 (2022–23)========Season 2 (2023-24)===="
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"ACC Women's Premier Cup"
],
[
"Introduction",
"The '''ACC Women's Premier Cup''' is a limited-overs international cricket tournament organized by the Asian Cricket Council (ACC).",
"It is contested by the women's national teams of the associate members of ACC.",
"It is part of the qualification pathway for the Women's Asia Cup.The inaugural tournament was held in February 2024 with Malaysia as the host.It was contested by sixteen teams, with Indonesia and Japan entering the tournament as invitees from the East Asia-Pacific region."
],
[
"History",
"In 2023, ACC released the 2023-24 calendar of events, where the beginning of the tournament was revealed.",
"Initially, a women's Challenger Cup was also a part of a two-tier qualification pathway for the Asia Cup.",
"But in January 2024, a new calendar was released with only a 16-team women's Premier Cup."
],
[
"Tournament history",
"YearFormatHost NationNumber of teamsFinal VenueFinalWinnerResultRunner-up2024''Details''T20I16Bayuemas Oval, Pandamaran105/3 (20 overs)'''United Arab Emirates won by 37 runs''' (scorecard)68/9 (20 overs)"
],
[
"See also",
"* Women's Asia Cup* ACC Women's T20 Emerging Teams Asia Cup"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Henry Wall (rugby union)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Henry Wall''' (1 December 1935 — 23 August 2016) was an Irish rugby union international.Wall was born in Cork and educated at Castleknock College.A number eight, Wall played his early rugby for University College Dublin while studying for a veterinary degree and captained the club for two seasons.",
"He played provincial rugby for Munster, notably scoring a try against the touring All Blacks in 1964.The following year, Wall was called up by Ireland for the 1965 Five Nations, to replace an injured Ronnie Lamont.",
"He was aged 28 and playing at the time for Cork club Dolphin.",
"Capped twice, Wall debuted in Ireland's win over Scotland at Murrayfield and also played in the loss to Wales in Cardiff."
],
[
"See also",
"*List of Ireland national rugby union players"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"External links",
"*"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Bandri, Sagar"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Bandri''' is a town and nagar panchayat in Sagar district, Madhya Pradesh; Khurai is the nearest city from it."
],
[
"Geography",
"Bandri is located in the northern part of the district.",
"Bandri's pin code is 470442 and it is 30 km (18.6411 miles) away from the district headquarters."
],
[
"Administration",
"Bandri is part of the Khurai Assembly.",
"bhupendra singh is city's MLA.Bandri is divided into 15 wards for which elections are held every five years."
],
[
"Transportation",
"Bandri is well connected with roads.",
"Daily bus service runs from here to Sagar and Khurai.",
"NH 44 passes through here, connecting it to other major state cities."
],
[
"See also",
"* Sagar District* Khurai * Malthon"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Helmer Kalas"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Kaarlo Helmer Kalas''' (former surname '''Kilkki''' ; b.",
"1 July 1921 Rantasalmi– 1976 Malmö , Sweden) was a Finnish soldier, memoirist and spy."
],
[
"Early life and World War II",
"Kalas' parents were police constable August Evald Kilkki and Martta Huopalainen.",
"Kalas graduated from high school in 1940 (transferred to the VII grade from Mikkeli Lyceum ).",
"He participated in the Winter War as a corporal and in the Continuation War as a second lieutenant after attending cadet school during the inter-peace period.",
"His last military rank was lieutenant.",
"During the Lapland war, in late October 1944, Kalas defected from his unit JR 57 located near Tornio through Sweden to the German side in Norway.",
"After spending a couple of months in a German prison camp, he volunteered to join the SS forces on the condition that he would not have to fight against Finland or the Western powers, and received the rank of SS-Obersturmführer.",
"From March 1945, he was on the German Eastern Front as the head of a tank company and later as a battalion commander.",
"Right at the end of the war, his company broke through the blockade of the Red Army to the side of the Western Allies and surrendered to the British forces on May 13."
],
[
"Post-War",
"Kalas was a British prisoner of war in Italy for 13 months, but escaped from the POW camp with the help of a Catholic priest.",
"He lived in Italy for eight years under a false name and Lithuanian identity papers, working as a businessman.",
"In 1948, he married the Italian Gina Fuser.Kalas returned to Finland in June 1954 and reported to the authorities.",
"In 1955, he published a memoir, Kymmenen vuotta seikkailujen tiellä (Ten Years on the Road of Adventures), in which he recounted his service in the German army and, among other things, his visit to the Dachau concentration camp.",
"The work was ghostwritten by thriller writer Aarne Haapakoski .",
"The book also appeared as a follow-up story in Kuvaposti .In 1955, the Supreme Court sentenced Kalas to four years and two months in the penitentiary for going over to the enemy's side during the war, and the Helsinki Court of Appeals also sentenced Kalas to 18 months in the penitentiary for forging bills, which were combined into a five-year penitentiary sentence.",
"However, Kalas fled to France, from where he moved in 1957 to West Germany and later to Gothenburg, Sweden.",
"Around this time, Kalas joined the CIA to spy against the Soviet Union.",
"In 1958, he recruited the Estonian emigrant Heinrich Mark as a spy for the CIA, who obtained information about Soviet Estonia.",
"Kalas' wife finally turned him in by delivering a briefcase containing secret documents to the Swedish police.",
"Kalas and Mark were imprisoned in January 1961.In March of the same year, Kalas was sentenced to ten months of forced labor, compensation of 5,000 kroner to the state and deportation from Sweden for espionage.",
"Mark was sentenced to seven months of forced labor.",
"In 1963, Kalas claimed to a Danish newspaper that the Swedish authorities had leaked classified trial documents to Finland.",
"At that time, he was still wanted in Finland for treason.",
"Heinrich Mark later became the Prime Minister and President of the Estonian government-in-exile.Kalas was eventually found dead in a hotel in Malmö, Sweden."
],
[
"Works",
"*Kymmenen vuotta seikkailujen tiellä"
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Intermission (Hopper)"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''''Intermission''''' is a 1963 painting by American realist Edward Hopper (1882–1967).",
"It is a late period painting completed between March and April at his New York home and studio in Washington Square Park, in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City, just four years before his death at age 84.The work depicts a woman in a theater wearing a blue and black dress and black shoes, sitting by herself in a green aisle seat near a blue wall below a balcony.",
"It is one of the largest paintings ever completed by Hopper, and is his penultimate theater-themed work, followed by ''Two Comedians'' (1966), his very last painting.",
"It was acquired by the San Francisco Museum of Art in 2012."
],
[
"Background",
"Edward Hopper (1882–1967) was a lifelong fan of the theater and the cinema, interests that went back to his early childhood and were later encouraged by his art teacher Robert Henri (1865–1929).",
"Along with his wife Josephine, Hopper regularly attended theatrical productions and kept detailed notes of every performance.",
"They were also patrons of the Theatre Guild, the founders of which originated with the Washington Square Players, a former theater troupe with which Josephine used to perform; she was also friendly with the members.",
"The Hoppers had eclectic taste in the performing arts, ranging from modern drama, classics, and even experimental theater.Notable works and subjects with the theme of theater and cinema in Hopper's paintings include ''Solitary Figure in a Theater'' (1902–04), ''At the Theater'' (1916–22), ''Two on the Aisle'' (1927), ''The Balcony'' (1928), ''The Circle Theater'' (1936), ''The Sheridan Theater'' (1937), ''New York Movie'' (1939), ''First Row Orchestra'' (1951), and his last work, ''Two Comedians'' (1966).Solitary Figure in a Theater 1902–1904.jpg|''Solitary Figure in a Theater'' (1902–04)Two on the Aisle.jpg|''Two on the Aisle'' (1927)Newyork-movie-edward-hopper-1939.jpg|''New York Movie'' (1939)"
],
[
"Development",
"In 1963, Hopper expressed interest in continuing his series of paintings set in a theater.",
"His original plan was to paint inside of a movie theater after hours when it was closed and there were no people around.",
"Hopper's wife, Josephine, shared this information with American historian James Flexner, who personally approached the president of a chain of theaters and arranged a deal, only to have Hopper back out.",
"\"Hopper had his idea so clearly in hismind that his presence in an actual theater became unnecessary\", writes art historian Gail Levin.",
"One sketch shows that Hopper considered adding another figure in the third row of seats.",
"In the final painting.",
"Hopper made a preliminary or compositional sketch (ébauche) in pencil lines, which remains evident in the edges of the stage and the proscenium arch in the final painting.",
"At 40 by 60 inches (100 cm × 150 cm), ''Intermission'' is one of Hopper's largest paintings.",
"It was completed between March and April 1963 at his New York home and studio in Washington Square Park, just four years before his death at age 84."
],
[
"Description",
"A woman sits alone among empty seats in a theater; the curtain and the exit door are both closed.",
"The house lights are on, indicating a break in the performance.",
"The lone woman wears a blue and black dress and black shoes, and sits in a green aisle seat near a blue wall below a balcony."
],
[
"Interpretation",
"Art historian Ivo Kranzfelder places the painting within the context of the metaphor of the ''theatrum mundi'', the ancient idea that the world is a theater where people are the characters in a drama.",
"Kranzfelder believes Hopper uses this idea throughout his theater series beginning with ''Solitary Figure in a Theater''.",
"Levin writes that Hopper \"saw the theater as a metaphor for life, and himself as a kind of stage director, setting up scenes to paint based on events he saw take place around him, casting his characters from types he observed.\"",
"Hopper and his wife Josephine often created backstories for the characters in his paintings.",
"In ''Intermission'', Hopper named the woman depicted in the theater \"Nora\".",
"Levin and Studs Terkel have noted that \"Nora\" appears to be a loner, remaining pensively in her seat during intermission when other audience members have stepped out.",
"According to Josephine, Hopper said \"Nora is on the way of becoming an 'egg head'.",
"An efficient secretary or prized chatelaine of big house.\"",
"Levin notes that Hopper's description of \"Nora\" came close to describing Josephine, as she was somewhat of an egghead and also played the role of secretary and châtelain of both the Truro and Washington Square properties.",
"Hopper \"had learned to use light as only a master stage craftsman could to create drama\", writes Levin.",
"\"Although his dramas were imaginary, his directing was inspired.",
"Even in his habit of having Jo pose for all the women he painted, he acted like a director giving a favorite actress many roles to play.",
"Jo, who had actually acted in theater, was well prepared for her duties.",
"\"===COVID-19 pandemic===''Intermission'' received renewed interest and attention at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic as part of an internet meme about the impact of lockdowns and social distancing.",
"On March 16, 2020, writer Michael Tisserand tweeted \"We are all Edward Hopper paintings now\", along with images of four Hopper paintings, ''New York Office'' (1962), ''Sunlight in a Cafeteria'' (1958), ''Intermission'' (1963), and ''Office in a Small City'' (1953).",
"The tweet went viral, sparking a global conversation about Hopper's paintings and the loneliness and isolation people were experiencing due to pandemic health measures.",
"Art critic Jonathan Jones explored Tisserand's idea after seeing it on WhatsApp.",
"In an article for ''The Guardian'', Jones compared the relevance of Hopper and the \"loneliness and alienation of modern life\" in his 1950s and 1960s paintings to contemporary society caught up by the coronavirus restrictions.",
"Trying to make sense of the meme, Jones describes the succession of images as \"a woman alone in a deserted cinema ''Intermission'', a man bereft in his modern apartment ''Office in a Small City'', a lonely shop worker ''New York Office'' and people sitting far apart at tables for one in a diner ''Sunlight in a Cafeteria''...\" Hopper's images of solitude and loneliness connect to people during the pandemic era, Jones argues, because when one loses the liberties we take for granted, loneliness as Hopper painted it is the only thing remaining.Biochemist and art essayist Joseph L. Goldstein argues that Hopper was the artist who best foreshadowed and represented the isolation and separation experienced by the general public dealing with COVID-19.Hopper's art, writes Goldstein, \"speaks to the spirit of the pandemic's quarantine culture.\"",
"Goldstein cites Hopper's portrayal of \"people who sit alone in bleak diners, motel rooms, and theaters or who stare out of the bay windows of their apartments\".",
"Hopper expert Gail Levin did not see Tisserand's meme until December 2020, at which point it caught her attention after spreading to Facebook.",
"It inspired her to write ''Edward Hopper's Loneliness'', an essay exploring the influence of the 1918–1920 flu pandemic on Hopper's work."
],
[
"Cinematic recreation",
"Austrian filmmaker Gustav Deutsch recreated a live action version of ''Intermission'' as part of the experimental feature film ''Shirley: Visions of Reality'' (2013), which connects 13 Hopper paintings together using \"nearly static tableaux vivants\" in key scenes to mimic each painting.",
"The backstory linking the paintings together concerns a New York actress (portrayed by Stephanie Cumming) in the 1930s through the 1960s.",
"In the scene that depicts ''Intermission'', Shirley is shown sitting in a movie theater watching ''Une aussie longue Absence'' (1961), a French film by Henri Colpi, a film that Hopper had actually watched in his real life.",
"Deutsch said he was interested in exploring the history of film with ''Shirley'', noting that the tableau vivant was a 19th century precursor to filmmaking which originally used live people to model influential paintings."
],
[
"Provenance",
"''Intermission'' was acquired from a private collector by the San Francisco Museum of Art (SFMOMA) in 2012, made possible by gifts from the Schwab and Fisher families.",
"As part of the transaction, the SFMOMA deaccessioned Hopper's ''Bridle Path'' (1939) and put it up for auction.",
"It sold for $10.4 million in May of that same year."
],
[
"See also",
"* List of works by Edward Hopper"
],
[
"References"
],
[
"Further reading",
"*Silberman, Robert (2002).",
"\"Edward Hopper and the Theater of the Mind: Vision, Spectacle, and the Spectator\".",
"In McDonnell, Patricia (Ed.).",
"''On the Edge of Your Seat: Popular Theater and Film in Early Twentieth-Century American Art''.",
"Yale University Press.",
"Frederick R. Weisman Art Museum.",
"pp.",
"137–156..",
".",
"*Wells, Walter (2007).",
"''Silent Theater: The Art of Edward Hopper''.",
"Phaidon Press.",
".",
"."
],
[
"External links",
"* ''Intermission'' at the San Francisco Museum of Modern Art."
]
] |
wikipedia
|
[
[
"Bonnie Stoll"
],
[
"Introduction",
"'''Bonnie Sue Stoll''' (born June 10, 1952) is an American athlete and businesswoman.",
"She is a co-founder of Everwalk, a national walking and womens health initiative, with Diana Nyad.",
"Stoll has also worked as an athletic trainer for celebrities and professional athletes.As a professional racquetball player, she was ranked number three in the world in 1984.She competed in the Ladies Professional Racquetball Tour throughout the 1980s."
],
[
"Life and career",
"Stoll was born and raised in Stamford, Connecticut, the daughter of Jewish parents Lila (Velcoff 1926–2021) and Herbert Stoll (1926-2005).",
"She has an older brother, Barry, and a younger sister, Robin.",
"Stoll graduated from Rippowam School in 1970 and the University of Connecticut in 1975 with a degree in Physiology.",
"For a short time she taught at the high school level and coached field hockey.",
"She decided to pursue a different career path and moved to California, where she settled in Los Angeles.",
"There she became a professional racquetball player and athletic trainer.Her success encouraged her to become an entrepreneur and she had further success through her partnership with Diana Nyad.",
"Stoll and Nyad met at the Stamford Racquetball Club where Stoll was a head pro instructor.",
"The two created an athletic coaching company called BravaBody, which included fitness videos and tutorials.",
"Stoll and Nyad have matching tattoos that say ''Ishin-denshin'' (以心伝心).",
"During an interview with Oprah Winfrey, Nyad said the tattoos symbolize how she and Stoll can communicate without speaking and how important that connection is for athletic training.Stoll also has an interest in art and photography and owns a large personal collection of artwork."
],
[
"Portrayal in media",
"Stoll was portrayed in the 2023 drama film ''Nyad'' by Jodie Foster.",
"Foster received acclaim for her performance and multiple nominations including for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.",
"In 2019, Stoll appeared Off-Broadway as herself in the play ''The Swimmer'' at the Minetta Lane Theatre.",
"The play was recorded and is available on Audible."
],
[
"References"
]
] |
wikipedia
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.